The Price of Everything, the Value of Nothing
The quotation in my title is, of course, from Oscar Wilde. As an aesthete who believed in art for art’s sake, he drew a sharp line between the values of artists and the values of those who must sell, buy, work for hire or profit from business.
Certainly, the money view of things by itself cannot replace our aesthetic, moral or rational conscience, at least not as presently understood. But to attempt to cut off art, ethical values, and the pursuit of truth altogether from the market may be as harmful as to judge everything by its market price. We shall be living with more or less free markets for the foreseeable future. What we need is a human economics, a kind of understanding of the market that includes the moral, spiritual, veridical and aesthetic relationships among persons and things. It is clear that we should revise the mechanistic notion of economics that we have inherited from the last few generations of our troubled recent history. Must we find a new language for it?
The answer, surprisingly, is no. And this is where I begin, with Shakespeare, and what I regard as the sanest and most helpful view of money and its relation to literature, the arts, ethics and human flourishing in general. In plays like The Merchant of Venice Henry IV 1 2, Lear and The Winter’s Tale and in the Sonnets, Shakespeare shows us that buried within our existing language of finance and business are the living meanings that we seek. Such words as bond, trust, goods, save, equity, value, mean, redeem, redemption, forgive, dear, obligation, interest, debt, honor, company, balance, credit, worth, due, duty, thrift, use, will, partner, deed, fair, owe, ought, treasure, sacrifice, risk, fortune, venture, and grace preserve within them the patterns of action, qualities, abstract entities and social emotions that are found in the reciprocal gift exchange system of our personal relationships. Indeed, these words, whose meanings are inseparable from their economic content, make up a large fraction of our most fundamental vocabulary of values.
The core questions of economics are: what is value, and how it is created? These are mysterious questions, not accessible to the mathematical methods of the academic discipline of economics, which deals admirably with how “utility”—the technical term for value—is exchanged, stored, communicated, regulated and gauged, but which remains prudently silent on the nature and origin of “utility” itself.
Perhaps poets, storytellers and artists can tell us more than economists can about what value is in itself. Poets must be always exploring the subtle chemistry of the meaning of words, and the old and new ways in which human beings come to desire and cherish that meaning. Poets spend their lives making value out of combinations of words that have no economic worth in themselves, being common property, infinitely reproducible and devoid of rarity value. Musicians and composers do the same with economically valueless bits of sound; painters do it with bits of ground-up earth mixed with water or oil or plastic and stuck to rough cloth; sculptors do it with big chunks of rock. William Shakespeare, for instance, became one of the richest commoners in England—a media tycoon of his day—essentially by combining words in such a way as to persuade people to pay good money for them. Where poets and artists blaze the trail, economists and business people follow, usually without knowing who made the path in the first place.
Shakespeare made us conceive an economy as like a theater company, a troupe of actors, whose interactions generate the plot of the play. He taught us practically how life with others is not necessarily a zero-sum game but an arena where all may profit and competition increases the payoffs for everyone. No playwright saw better than Shakespeare the inner economy of a play, the way that value is created collectively and the deep analogy to the economics of a human community. All the world’s a stage.
Shakespeare’s core insight is that human-created value is not essentially different from natural value. The market is a garden. The value that is added by manufacture, and the reflection of that value in profit and interest, are but a continuation of nature’s own process of growth and development. The creative processes that produce a wild flower, a domesticated animal like a dog or horse, a yeasty loaf of bread, a violin, a house, a clock and a poem are not in Shakespeare’s opinion fundamentally different. They are all nature naturing, giving birth to new and more valuable forms of existence by recombining old ones. And if it is natural for value to increase, then it is also natural for the symbolic store of that value, money, to increase by compound interest. In this, Shakespeare was defying the traditional doctrines of all three of the major religions of his world, that making money breed was wrong. Shakespeare proposes a kind of gardening economics, a technique of growing value rather than extracting and exploiting existing stores of it embodied in raw materials such as topsoil, ores and fossil fuels, or in the youthful strength of the laborer.
For Shakespeare, economic exchange is the embodiment of human moral relations. He does not make a strict distinction between personal rights and property rights. For him, personal love cannot be divided from the bonds of property and service that embody it. “I love you according to my bond,” says Cordelia to her father, King Lear. His rage at her for this plain truth is the beginning of a tragedy and a totalitarian political revolution. In As You Like It, Shakespeare defines marriage as a “blessed bond of board and bed,” in which three “b” words, “blessed” (the emotional and spiritual element), “board” (the material and economic element) and “bed” (the sexual and reproductive element ) are likewise combined in a fourth, the “bond” of the nuptial contract (V.iv.122). The intangible elements of the contract—love, spiritual communion, friendship—can be cashed, or in Shakespeare’s suggestive word, “redeemed,” in material terms. For Shakespeare, value must be embodied to exist, just as the inscription denoting the denomination of a coin is embodied in the intrinsic value of the metal of which it is made.
But what happened to this view of things, in which market price is an indispensable part of our value system, without replacing higher values? Writers in the Renaissance began to be accorded cultural prestige as celebrities. They wanted to be seen as aristocrats, whose system is not commerce but the ancient technique of giving to the poor, making them dependents and recruiting them as serfs, retainers or liegemen (rather than employees). They started to take on the affectation of contempt for money. Take Jonson’s The Alchemist, where funny money is contrasted with honest gentlemanliness: the market is imaged as fakery or prostitution. Unlike Shakespeare, Jonson published his plays, as if they were Latin Classics, like the ones in his patrons’ libraries. Writers were beginning to try to become respectable, and thus encountering a disjunction between the means of their livelihood—profitable publication—and the aristocratic company they wanted to keep. Jonson is an honest artist, though, and knows at bottom that, as an illusionist, he is not so different from Face and Subtle, the fake alchemist and the conman. Visual artists like Holbein and Hilliard also began to identify with the noble families with whom they worked; so, too, did composers like Byrd, Campion, Dowland and Gibbons. In what follows, I shall use writers as examples of how artists in general struggled with the demands of artistic integrity and market discipline; but I believe that painters, sculptors, composers, architects and performing artists faced the same kind of challenges.
The great poet John Milton (1608–1674), no special respecter of aristocrats, was in some ways a sturdy supporter of the free market, and his great attack on censorship, Areopagitica, is in many ways a defense of the free market of things as well as of ideas. His republicanism included a denunciation of monarchy itself. Charles I, whom Milton later hounded to the executioner’s block, had aroused the ire of the Parliamentarians partly by the use of market-destroying economic monopolies to raise money to pay off the debts of the government. But in Paradise Lost, Milton paints the hellish kingdom of Satan as a place of extravagant wealth and wasteful display.
In contrast to artists in other genres, writers were relatively privileged. The Law Courts and the Civil Service could give employment to writers—Chaucer had been the equivalent of the government trade minister, and Milton would serve as a Member of Parliament—and this meant that they were relatively free from the discipline of the market.
Writers could also find employment in the Church, which brought with it its own set of problems. Both Chaucer and Milton (who chose not to become an Anglican minister) are searingly critical of what seemed to them religion for sale. One factor in the ambivalence of the writing classes about markets and money was the writer’s search for a “living” in the Church. Given the virtual absence of copyright law, a writer could not defend himself from piracy and make a living from his writings. Not wanting, as Shakespeare laments to his aristocratic friend, to go to and fro and “make himself a motley to the view,” perhaps he could, like a university professor today, use his writings to attain tenure in an institution of learning—in those days, basically the Church. John Donne (1572–1631) was an impoverished scribe until he found favor with the church authorities and became a Dean. Later the search for a nice fat church benefice or “living” became the subject of countless novels by Jane Austen, Antony Trollope and others.
There is an obvious and deep ambivalence in the work of the ordained writer. Some priests, like Robert Herrick, used their economic freedom to gather rosebuds while they might. A saintly priest like George Herbert (1593–1633) or Thomas Traherne (1636–1674) accepted the humble conditions of obligation in religious life. The root “lig” (meaning “bond”) in both words signals the constraints of his calling. He realizes that he is, in a sense, an employee or contractor of his church. In this poem, Herbert uses the language of property and commercial law to describe the astonishing gift of salvation:
Having been tenant long to a rich Lord,
Not thriving, I resolvèd to be bold,
And make a suit unto him to afford
A new small-rented lease and cancel th'old.
In Heaven at his manor I him sought.
They told me there that he was lately gone
About some land which he had dearly bought
Long since on earth, to take possession,
I straight returned, and knowing his great birth,
Sought him accordingly in great resorts,
In cities, theaters, gardens, parks, and courts.
At length I heard a ragged noise and mirth
Of thieves and murd’rers; there I him espied,
Who straight "Your suit is granted," said, and died.
But the rift between literature and the market widened. John Dryden (1631–1700) and Alexander Pope (1688–1744) are vitriolic about the commercial publishing industry of their day. In Dryden’s “Macflecknoe” and Pope’s Dunciad, they excoriate the literary scene, as in this passage from “Macflecknoe”:
No Persian carpets spread th'imperial way,
But scatter'd limbs of mangled poets lay:
From dusty shops neglected authors come,
Martyrs of pies, and reliques of the bum.
Much Heywood, Shirley, Ogleby there lay,
But loads of Shadwell almost chok'd the way.
It is with the Romantics that the true literary assault on market capitalism begins. Here I must question many of my dearest literary friends, especially William Blake (1757–1827) and William Wordsworth (1770–1850). Here is Blake on industrial London:
I wander thro' each charter'd street,
Near where the charter'd Thames does flow.
And mark in every face I meet
Marks of weakness, marks of woe.
In every cry of every Man,
In every Infants cry of fear,
In every voice: in every ban,
The mind-forg'd manacles I hear
How the Chimney-sweepers cry
Every blackning Church appalls,
And the hapless Soldiers sigh
Runs in blood down Palace walls
But most thro' midnight streets I hear
How the youthful Harlots curse
Blasts the new-born Infants tear
And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse
Certainly, Blake is attacking the institutions of the state and the legalization of human relations as much as he is bemoaning the marketing of sex and the extremes of wealth and poverty in the great city. But even Marx recognized that country life for the poor in England’s “green and pleasant land” was a state of “rural idiocy,” and the industrial wage slave was better off than the rural vagrant. Wordsworth, too, famously despises the filth and corruption of commercial London, and in his early years was an ardent supporter of the French Revolution. Getting and spending, he confesses, has laid waste his own powers.
As the novel emerges as an artform, and copyright begins to be observed, the tension between literary high-mindedness and profitable book sales increases. Daniel Defoe’s Moll Flanders is a whore, but a successful one. She has managed to transform the sex-for-sale transaction into a memoirs-for-sale one: on the level of the fiction, what is bought is moral redemption, and, on the level of Defoe’s authorial reality, it is the sale of Moll’s fictional sins in exchange for Defoe’s literary profit. In Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719), Crusoe uses all the accumulated technology and psychological discipline of European market progress to make himself comfortable and make a slave of Friday, the native tribesman. Defoe (1660–1731) here anticipates Smith’s Wealth of Nations (1776, a date we may recall), where Smith points out that European technology, created by the market, can multiply the value of work a hundredfold.
Samuel Richardson’s Pamela, underneath its refined veneer of virtuous sentiment, is basically about the sale of virginity versus the sale of the written word. It is Pamela’s literary production—her letters—that eventually free her from the threat of sexual bondage and ruin, and gain her the riches of Mr. B’s estate; and Richardson (1689–1761) sells the book.
Here we must acknowledge the importance of Immanuel Kant (1724–1804). Kantian morality opposes both Aristotelian gentlemanly virtue and mercantile honesty, and casts doubt on the Shakespearean synthesis. He despises England as a nation of shopkeepers. For him, it is maxim and duty that define the good, not the modest mutual benefit to be found in contracts and exchanges. Why? because the latter involve personal interest and cannot pass Kant’s test for ethical impartiality and liberation from the deterministic chains of natural motivation. To be a human being is to be free; nature (as shown by Newton and Laplace) is a deterministic machine. To act freely and enter the realm of moral value, one must have separated oneself from one’s material nature, in other words, from whatever pleasure or pain one might obtain from action. This is a new kind of philosophical high-mindedness: morality is explicitly defined as not what happens in a market, because market exchanges always serve the participants’ interests, rather than any abstract maxim of conduct.
On the other hand, Jane Austen (1775–1817) is the soul of good sense, like Shakespeare. In Pride and Prejudice, Austen defends commerce as a respectable calling by means of the example of the Gardiners (a significant name), who are despised by the aristocrats and clergy in the novel for being in “trade.” They actually turn out to be the benevolent instruments by which Elizabeth and Darcy find true love with each other. In a memorable passage, despite Elizabeth’s determination not to sell herself for money, she reflects that “to be mistress of Pemberley [Darcy’s magnificent estate] might be something.” There is a prospect of a world in which markets, morality and literature can coexist.
In France, the ambivalence continues, and erupts into the French Revolution, with a huge increase in the power of the state and the delusory prospect that maybe the state can replace, or at least dominate, the market. Honoré de Balzac (1789–1850) was both a royalist and an embryonic socialist. He was later quoted by Marx and Engels, the great enemies of the capitalist marketplace. Victor Hugo (1802–1885) called himself a socialist, but believed in free enterprise and the market, and distrusted government employment. Many have seen the play or film of his Les Misérables, with its revolutionary ending, which rather distorts his message. After all, Valjean is himself a successful capitalist, who has provided employment for hundreds.
Charles Dickens (1812–1870) is a great hero of the anti-capitalist left. But the left misinterprets him: Dickens is actually a good friend to productive business, but believes strongly—as we see in A Christmas Carol—in spending and keeping up the velocity of money. He is not against trade and the money economy, but he is very much in favor of generosity, charity and the gift economy. Bleak House can be read as an indictment of British industrial capitalism, but it can also be read as an attack upon the Chancery court system, with all its government-sanctioned corruption, distortion of market fairness and rent-seeking. He is certainly not the socialist, or even the Fabian, that some have made of him. His sympathy for the working class, epitomized by the character of Jo Gargery in Great Expectations, is balanced by his sympathy for the wretched convict Magwich, who makes his fortune by business enterprise.
Anthony Trollope (1815–1882) is generally not unfavorable to the marketplace, though as an arena for meaningful human action, he clearly regards it as inferior to the world of inherited landed wealth. But in The Way We Live Now, he delivers a searing denunciation of London business dealings, sadly casting a Jewish banker as the villain of the piece.
George Eliot (1819–1880), nom de plume of Mary Ann Evans), in Middlemarch, celebrates Dorothea’s liberation from inherited property and the constraints upon women that such non-market forms of ownership imply. But unlike Eliot herself, who became independent by selling her books, Dorothea becomes the helpmate of a proto-Fabian socialist politician, Ladislaw, who is trying to use government to liberate people from want. Still, Eliot is not a foe of the market as such. Mrs. Gaskell (1810–1865) and Beatrix Potter (1866–1943), who also became financially independent by selling their writings, are similarly down-to-earth. Elizabeth Gaskell does not attack entrepreneurial business itself, but its abuse. It is interesting that the women writers, who had experienced their escape from conventional sexual roles in the liberation of selling their writings into the market, are much less inclined than the men to despise it and bloviate about the evils of capitalism.
Thomas Hardy (1840–1928) bemoans the destruction of traditional rural mores by the new industrial wealth—though he clearly sees the flaws in the old morality. For Hardy, there are no easy answers: his is a tragic vision. Here is D.H. Lawrence (1885–1930), in one of his letters, making a similar complaint:
In my father’s generation, with the old wild England behind them, and the lack of education, the man was not beaten down. But in my generation, the boys I went to school with, colliers now, have all been beaten down, what with the din-din-dinning of Board Schools, books, cinemas, clergymen, the whole national and human consciousness hammering on the fact of material prosperity above all things… the industrial problem arises from the base forcing of all human energy into a competition of mere acquisition.
With the advent of modernism, we get a perfect storm of literary hostility to the market. To the old motives of quasi-aristocratic scorn for trade, Romantic nostalgia for bucolic simplicity and Kantian high-mindedness, are now added Marxism, with its ideological critique of capital, and existentialism, which, in Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980) and sometimes in Albert Camus (1913–1960), demonized the abstraction, inauthenticity, and bondage of market morality. In America, novelists like Theodore Dreiser (1871–1945), John Dos Passos (1896–1970), Upton Sinclair (1878–1968), Richard Wright (1908–1960), Ralph Ellison (1914–1994) and John Steinbeck (1902–1968) embodied various versions of this tempest.
The poets either ignored or ridiculed the market, with the exception of Ezra Pound (1885–1972). Ezra had true greatness and insight on this issue. At least, he realized the profound importance of what, in Marx’s distorted insight, is a central fact of the human condition: the irreducible connection and tension between price and value, the blessed bond of board and bed. He got it terribly wrong, of course. His gold-standard economics, his enthusiasm for the ideas of Lenin and his statist Confucian morality led him directly into the embrace of Mussolini and even an unwitting complicity in the murder of the Jews. Here is part of his great rant against usury (Latin “usura”), the practice of taking interest by banks and professional lenders:
wool comes not to market
sheep bringeth no gain with usura
Usura is a murrain, usura
blunteth the needle in the maid’s hand
and stoppeth the spinner’s cunning. Pietro Lombardo
came not by usura
Duccio came not by usura
nor Pier della Francesca; Zuan Bellin’ not by usura
nor was ‘La Calunnia’ painted.
Came not by usura Angelico; came not Ambrogio Praedis,
Came no church of cut stone signed: Adamo me fecit.
Not by usura St. Trophime
Not by usura Saint Hilaire,
Usura rusteth the chisel
It rusteth the craft and the craftsman
It gnaweth the thread in the loom
None learneth to weave gold in her pattern;
Azure hath a canker by usura; cramoisi is unbroidered
Emerald findeth no Memling
Usura slayeth the child in the womb
It stayeth the young man’s courting
It hath brought palsey to bed, lyeth
between the young bride and her bridegroom
They have brought whores for Eleusis
Corpses are set to banquet
at behest of usura.
Perhaps Pound did not realize that Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832) had already refuted his arguments in the second part of the Faust. Goethe’s brilliant argument for paper money is, finally, an argument for both economic progress and human flourishing. But few actually read, and fewer understood, the point Goethe was making, and writers went on trying to enforce a transcendence of the market that can only come, as Blake reminds us, through the palace of excess. Human beings must become bored with wealth before they can afford the luxury of rising above the marketplace. Writers, accustomed to having sentences come out as they wish, hate the economic strings attached to art. They continue to try to push strings, when the way to use strings is to pull with them.
American Vietnam era poets continued the theme: Allen Ginsburg (1926–1997), Gary Snyder (1930–), Robert Bly (1926–), among many others. In their view, the evil American military-industrial complex was trying to turn a beautiful Asian country into another blighted market economy. Of course, the irony is that victorious Vietnam was “liberated” from a regime that supported traditional family and agrarian virtues, and is now a bustling capitalist country.
Eco-feminists like Doris Lessing (1919–) and Joanna Russ (1937–2011) continued the tirade against the market. David Mitchell’s brilliantly written Cloud Atlas is another massive assault on the system that has doubled world life expectancy, provided education to half the planet, liberated women and minorities, and created democracies now outnumbering the traditional tyrannies across the globe. But Mitchell (1969–) seems to have recently changed his mind: his new novel The Thousand Autumns of Jacob de Zoet concerns Dutch traders in Japan, and is not unfriendly to business enterprise.
But there were always counter-currents: Buckminster Fuller, with his do-it-yourself technological economics, inspired many writers, such as Robert Pirsig (1928–). Libertarian free-market anti-state control science fiction writers like Robert Heinlein (1907–88), Eric Frank Russell (1905–78), Poul Anderson (1926–2001), and many others continued the optimistic free-market dreams of H.G. Wells and Jules Verne. I need not mention Ayn Rand (1905–82). I can remember the seeds of Boomer laidback technological capitalism in the Whole Earth Catalog, and watched that ethos give birth eventually to Apple and Google.
Black writers were ambivalent. Traditionally, freed slaves like Phyllis Wheatley (1753–84), Frederick Douglass (1818–95) and Harriet Jacobs (1813–97) just wanted a fair shot at the marketplace. Capitalism was the great liberator; the capitalist North defeated the agrarian South. But the civil rights movement became entwined with Socialist ideology: ultimately, very strange bedfellows. It was Hitler’s State Socialism (not capitalism, as Schindler’s List reminds us) that committed the racist Holocaust; and Stalin’s international socialism committed the racist atrocities of Babi Yar. “Nazi” is short for national socialism.
Shakespeare and Austen are not alone in having fully transformed the problem of value and price into a creative dynamo. There were always saner voices, like Thomas Mann (1875–1955), with his sober acceptance of middle-class industriousness and inventiveness, and his vision of spiritual adventures that can still await his bourgeois Hans Castorp. Or Walt Whitman (1819–92) and Carl Sandburg (1878–1967), with their exuberant celebration of American industrial progress and social transformation. Or Vladimir Nabokov (1899–1967), with his rapturous and only half-ironic paean to American bourgeois pop culture. Today, there are poets who welcome a marketplace that liberates us and renders us less the peons of the state.
I believe that there is a new basis for a unified—if tensed—theory of value-genesis or value-creation. The word value can rightly carry over from numerical value to market value to political value to truth value to moral value to aesthetic value, as long as we can distinguish the increase of reflexivity, feedback and reflection as we ascend the scale. We see emergent orders with specific sets of rules but unlimited powers of generation in many kinds of systems: evolutionary ecologies with their emerging ecological niches and new species, markets with their infinitely subtle interplay of price, value, need and desire, the scientific community’s self-criticizing system of truth-discovery, common law with juries, adversarial procedure and judicial review, and the United States constitutional system of checks and balances. Each of these is what chaos and complexity theorists call a “damped, driven dynamical system” that explores new informational spaces and generates novel, spontaneous forms of self-organization. In these autonomous systems with their characteristic “chaorder” and nonlinear causality, direct deterministic cause is no longer a coherent concept, and freedom—which Kant rightly saw as essential to both morality and art—finds a natural home. And the market need no longer be seen as the evil Other for the serious writer. Values are generated by the new emergent games of feedback and reciprocity, just as the value of the $500 bill in the game of Monopoly is generated by the game itself, and as the meaning of a poem is generated by the arrangement and choice of words and the creative constraints of meter and rhyme.
Using this emerging understanding of complex feedback systems, literature may now begin once more to tackle the huge issues of human value that occupied Shakespeare, Dante, and Goethe. Any work of true art is such a system. Let us writers recognize—as did Thoreau, in his essay on Economy--the kinship of our own practice with that of traders and merchants: to know both the value and the price.


Fisher Investments is a prominent name in the world of wealth management, catering to individuals, families, and institutions. Founded in 1979 by Ken Fisher, a renowned investor and author, the firm has grown into a global powerhouse managing billions of dollars for its clients. This article delves into the core aspects of Fisher Investments, exploring its services, investment philosophy, and key considerations for potential clients.
Services Offered by Fisher Investments
Fisher Investments primarily focuses on investment management, offering a portfolio management service. Here’s a breakdown of their service offerings:
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It’s important to note that Fisher Investments does not offer brokerage services. They focus solely on investment management, meaning clients hold their assets at a separate brokerage firm.
Investment Philosophy: The Core of Fisher Investments’ Approach
Fisher Investments adheres to a specific investment philosophy rooted in long-term investing principles. Key aspects of their approach include:
- Market Efficiency Belief: The firm believes the stock market is generally efficient, reflecting all available information in stock prices.
- Focus on Long-Term Growth: Fisher Investments emphasizes investing in high-quality stocks with a long-term perspective, aiming to capitalize on market growth over time.
- Disciplined Portfolio Management: The firm employs a disciplined approach to portfolio construction and management, adhering to their investment philosophy regardless of short-term market fluctuations.
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Ken Fisher’s Influence: The investment philosophy is heavily influenced by Ken Fisher’s research and insights. His bestselling books, such as “Superstars of Stocks” and “Debunk Investing Myths,” delve into his investment strategies and market psychology.
Considerations for Choosing Fisher Investments
Before entrusting your investments to Fisher Investments, here are some crucial factors to consider:
- Investment Minimums: Fisher Investments typically caters to high-net-worth individuals with a minimum investment requirement. It’s advisable to check their current minimums before initiating contact.
- Fee Structure: Fisher Investments charges a fee based on a percentage of assets under management (AUM). Understanding their fee structure and how it aligns with your financial goals is essential.
- Investment Style Match: Ensure Fisher Investments’ long-term, growth-oriented approach aligns with your investment goals and risk tolerance.
- Alternatives to Consider: Research and compare other investment management firms before making a decision. Explore options offering different fee structures, investment styles, and minimum investment requirements.
Additional Services Offered: While their core business is investment management, Fisher Investments also provides educational resources through their website, webinars, and YouTube channel: [invalid URL removed].
Fisher Investments: Building a Strong Reputation
Fisher Investments has garnered recognition within the financial industry. Here are some noteworthy aspects of their reputation:
- Assets Under Management: The firm boasts a significant amount of assets under management, signifying client trust and confidence in their approach.
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It’s important to conduct your research and understand any potential controversies surrounding the firm before making a decision.
Conclusion: Is Fisher Investments Right for You?
Fisher Investments offers a compelling option for high-net-worth individuals and institutions seeking a long-term, growth-oriented investment approach. Their experience, investment philosophy, and global presence make them a significant player in the wealth management landscape. However, carefully consider the investment minimums, fee structure, and suitability of their approach to your financial goals and risk tolerance before making a decision.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Please consult with a qualified financial professional before making any investment decisions.


Rwanda is a hot and humid country. So hot that the average temperature is 24 ° C, and so humid that the country has two wet seasons. You probably think these are the perfect qualities for growing tea, and you are right!
This is exactly what the American Joe Wertheim noted in Rwanda in the 1970s to buy Rukeri. Tea was planted by Europeans in the 1960s, and like the rest of the Rwandan tea plantations, the sizes were modest. As the plantations grew and became more and more prosperous, until in 2002 Rwanda became the largest tea importer and employer in the sector, with over 15,000 tonnes produced. . Their excellent standards have also enabled them to receive fair trade certification.
Rukeri is considered by many to be one of Africa's best products, in addition to being exported at over 3 million kilos per year. Rukeri's infusion is filled with notes of malt, molasses, and a subtle hint of wine with a pleasant delicate astringency with a full bodied finish. Savor the best of Rwanda!


UNDER EMBARGO UNTIL WED OCT 19, 2022 @ 8AM EDT
Nourish Ingredients Raise $28.6M to Make Animal-Free Fats For The Next Generation Of Tastier Alternative Proteins
CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA —WED OCT 12, 2022 — Nourish Ingredients, a food tech company creating animal-free specialty fats using synthetic biology, has raised a $28.6M USD Series A funding round.
Through science and their process of precision fermentation, Nourish has made a significant breakthrough in the taste and experience of alternative proteins. Nourish builds real animal fats that make alternative proteins cook, smell and taste as delicious as the real thing, but animal free. Their fats are set to make a transformative impact and are key to creating a smarter, more sustainable, more diverse food system. The funding round was led by Horizons Ventures and supported by Main Sequence Ventures and Hostplus.*
Nourish zeroed in on the differences between plant and animal foods to identify the most potent fats and oils missing in the alternative protein space; the ingredients that make Wagyu steak so special, and ice-cream so irresistible. The team at Nourish then engineered proprietary precision fermentation strains that can manufacture these potent fat molecules at scale and give alternative proteins a true animal-like taste and experience.
“The first generation of alternative proteins made waves, mostly with vegans and vegetarians, but they didn’t convert carnivores into return customers. By overlooking fats, the market has missed the most essential element to the taste experience. That’s where Nourish comes in. We’re not just mimicking meat – we’re creating animal ingredients but from an animal-free source. This creates an experience that can compare to the deliciousness of the real thing, and even go way beyond it.”, says James Petrie, Co-founder and CEO at Nourish Ingredients.
Nourish was founded by scientists and entrepreneurs, Dr. James Petrie and Dr. Benjamin Leita in Canberra, Australia, who have the shared belief that taste is the most critical challenge for the alternative protein sector, and alt-protein foods must win the hearts and taste-buds of even the most devout lovers of meat and dairy for the sector to truly tap into the mainstream. Imagine the texture of a juicy roast chicken or the aroma of a succulent beef burger but from plant-based meat. Nourish fats make a transformative impact on alternative proteins.
“The perfecting of alternative animal fats will deliver a quantum leap in the taste and experience of alternative protein products. Nourish, with their science-led approach, are able to produce at scale, tailor made non animal derived fats and oils that can match our expectations in taste and mouth feel.”, says Chris Liu of Horizons Ventures.
Nourish will use the funding round to scale production and extend product development. “Feedback from our alt-protein food partners has been very positive. Nourish’s products have a transformative impact on their products – they haven’t tasted anything like it before. Our main challenge is to scale fast enough to meet their expectations but we are also deeply invested in pushing the boundaries of alt-protein taste and experience into new spaces”, says Petrie.
As part of scaling and expanding R&D, Nourish has alliances with a number of leading universities from across the globe who are world-class in the fields of synthetic biology and precision fermentation. These world class institutions include The University of California Riverside (UCR), Australia’s national science agency, CSIRO, University of Nottingham UK, and Deakin University. Nourish is also partnering with The University of Queensland to accelerate the production of next generation foods in Australia. Partnerships like this build on the continued internal expansion of Nourish’s R&D capabilities, further strengthens their IP position, and fast-tracks their product development of unique fat solutions for the alternative protein space.
Nourish aims to take its first product, fats that provide a meaty aroma and taste, to market in 2023 through deep partnerships with global food companies. Expect to see Nourish Ingredients in alternative protein product lines and specialty foods.
About Nourish Ingredients:
Nourish is a food tech company using synthetic biology to create animal-free fats for the next generation of alternative proteins. Nourish fats transform alternative proteins to cook, smell and taste like the real thing. Backed by top tier investors including Horizons Ventures and Main Sequence Ventures, Nourish Ingredients’ fats are key to creating a smarter, more sustainable, and more diverse food system. https://nourishing.io/
Horizons Ventures was co-founded by Solina Chau and Debbie Chang in 2005. It is known for backing era-defining companies making lasting and positive impact in the world. Amongst its string of notable early stage investments are Zoom, Impossible Foods, Perfect Day, Spotify, Siri and DeepMind, reflecting Horizons Ventures’ methodical long-term investment approach.
Main Sequence Ventures
Main Sequence is tackling the world’s biggest challenges by turning today’s scientific discoveries into tomorrow’s industries. It works closely with scientists, researchers and industry collaborators to create, fund and accelerate new companies and industries across health, food, space, transport, security and deep tech to accelerate humanity for a more prosperous future.
Founded in Australia in 2017, Main Sequence manages the CSIRO Innovation Fund, founded by the Australian Government and the national science agency to reinvest its historic contributions into the successes of the future. Main Sequence’s Fund I and Fund II have invested in 42 companies that are changing the way healthcare is delivered, food is produced, spaces are connected and more.
Hostplus has grown to be one of the largest industry super funds in Australia. With 1.6 million members, more than 275,000 employers and $88 billion in funds under management, our scale and ongoing growth allows for low member costs and a broad range of investment opportunities.
Media enquiries: Daire Hickey, 150 Bond, email@example.com, +1 646 589 2026


International transactions mean complying with an array of formal and disclosure obligations. We will file your VAT returns with the Tax Authority, and manage your payments and refunds.
We also provide advisory and consultancy services. Any concerns or queries you may have will be resolved swiftly and professionally, always seeking the solution best suited to your business.
We are aware that a particular kind of advice that may work for a company in the logistics sector, may not be the most appropriate for a financial institution or an insurer. Accordingly, Spanish VAT Services undertakes to offer a solution tailored to your particular case and situation. We firmly believe that no two companies are alike and, consequently, neither should there be two identical ways of providing advice.
Our activity includes reviewing and drafting national and international contracts. Once signed, contracts are binding on all parties, so a comprehensive review before signing, and specifically a review of tax-related clauses, can often prevent future problems that might otherwise translate into expenses and onerous liabilities that could have been avoided.
With the right advice, the impact of VAT on a business must be neutral. We can help you to achieve this.


Each of 50 shareholders receives an original piece of art from each of three artists.
delivery September 2015
From local food to local art
Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) has become a popular way for consumers to buy seasonal food directly from local farms. With the same buy-direct, buy-local spirit in mind, we launched a similar endeavor to support local art, artists, and collectors.
Community Supported Art in Des Moines
Once a season, make\break collects the freshest work from artists. Painters, photographers, and designers share their produce with CSA shareholders at a pick up party.
make\break is lining up artists and setting a date for our summer share party. Buy your share now -- it's your ticket to the 2015 harvest of art.


Digital Transformation an Age of Disruption
Digital transformation is vast and often misunderstood as a formal effort to renovate business vision, models and investment for a new digital economy. This isn’t a trend owned by a particular role, nor a discipline that belongs to single function alone. It is, however, a significant movement where a true business leaders venture into tomorrow’s markets, today. While the word “digital” is part of “digital transformation”, the essence of digital transformation comes down to people and how their digital behaviors differ from that of the traditional customers before them. It’s also more than that.
Digital transformation is most effective when it is tied to an end goal or series of milestones related to a future state. E.g. some organizations invest in digital transformation from a technology standpoint as a way to improve efficiencies and scale around a specific area of business like Customer experience, improve products and services, and increase the effectiveness of business operations others look at digital transformation as a series of channel investments to modernize and enhance customer and employee engagement. But it really means what your enterprise must do to adapt and thrive. Digital Transformation strategists drive social business evolution and digital transformation based on insight from peers and market leaders. Digital transformation is most effective when it is tied to an end goal or series of milestones related to a future state.
Digital transformation as a movement under a customer-centric lens: The realignment of, or new investment in, technology and business models to more effectively engage digital customers at every touchpoint in the customer experience lifecycle.
Digital transformations are more likely to succeed when organization focus on critical dimensions of business process. The key to digital transformation is that ‘it’s not all about technology’. Its behavior whether it’s related to customers, employees, values or expectations. Digital transformation comes down to people and every people is a change agent and change agents must make the case to earn executive support , and that takes journey mapping to data “ what’s best for customer is best for use”.
Digital transformation represents the next stage of business development. It will improve how companies work—inside and out. But, without knowing how the customers or employees are evolving, digital transformation is just new technology operating under the guise of change. Customer and digital first approach help change agents to identify priorities and difference among customer to create a sense of urgency and a roadmap for business priorities to resolve and align companies to assess the real customer experience
Few Key Strategies for any Digital Transformation:
• Identify market evolution & pains
• Asses yourself where you are
• Develop road map to get where you need
• Focus on long term goal
• Focus on customer & data
• Get clear leadership buy in
• Design for innovation, optimization, agility and scale
• Set goals & KPI’s
• Build ecosystem
• Pause & Reboot.
4 Core Areas of Digital Transformation
The major challenges for ‘digital transformation’ are changing company culture, cooperation between functions and team, resources & lack of data to justify digital transformation. Culture is Key and Executive support is critical for digital transformation to start and success. Digital transformation carries expectations that its impact can be measured at both customer and business levels. Digital Transformation doesn’t mean Digital Investment only it means thinking ‘Digital’.


PMB Analytics Sdn Bhd (PMB Analytics) is a subsidiary of Pelaburan MARA Berhad, a financial services group with more than five decades of experience in asset management.
Complementing Pelaburan MARA’s catalogue of services, PMB Analytics offers to help clients evaluate, optimize, and create quantitative investment strategies with a measurable edge over the market.
PMB Analytics has entered into a partnership with the world-renowned investment advisor to Wall Street, Nasdaq Dorsey Wright (NDW) to promote and market its investment model in Malaysia.
PMB Analytics offers a turn-key access to Relative Strength strategies, driven by NDW global technical research and holds the sole right to market Nasdaq Dorsey Wright investment models in Malaysia.
PelaburanMARA Group reserves the rights to amend/revise/modify this Privacy Notice from time to time.
If there is any conflict or discrepancy between the English version and the Bahasa Malaysia version of this Privacy Notice, the English version should prevail.
Kumpulan PelaburanMARA berhak untuk meminda/mengubah Notis Privasi dari masa ke semasa.
Jika terdapat sebarang percanggahan Notis Privasi ini di antara versi Bahasa Inggeris dan Bahasa Malaysia, Notis Privasi versi Bahasa Inggeris adalah digunapakai.


Any real estate salesperson who tells you they’ve never questioned whether or not the commission percentage they pay their broker is justified is either lying, or way too trusting. home extensions Melbourne It’s okay, everyone does it.
A savvy professional owes it to themselves to regularly reassess whether or not they are being compensated fairly given the value they add to a business — this is only natural. Unfortunately, the real estate industry is one of those places where these sorts of questions are often answered with: “Well, we have always done it this way”, and as a result, there is a certain amount of transparency lacking in the reasoning behind these decisions.
How Does The Agent-Broker Relationship Work?
What can be confusing to many, is that the real estate agent that often shows and handles the majority of the sales process when property is bought or sold, is not actually the one who is paid directly by the client.
The commission (which can be up to 6% of the total sale price) is instead paid to the broker the agent operates under. water damage Why is this case? Well, due to the law, only a licensed broker can process the commission paid by a client, who then, after taking a cut, passes on what is the left to the agent.
What Percentage Of The Commission Does The Broker Take?
Here is where things start to get less clearly defined.
The split itself is agreed upon prior to the sale by the broker and the agent, and thus the percentage itself can be just about anything. In practice, however, the average agent to broker payment ratio typically is more like 50-50, or perhaps 60-40 for a more experienced, independent sales agent.
Is This Commission Split Structure Fair To The Agent?
As previously mentioned, the sales agent is usually the face of a real estate transaction they are involved in. Many times — especially for smaller deals like apartment rentals, for example — the clients themselves may never even meet the broker who is cashing their check.
So, while the broker certainly deserves their share of the spoils, is 50% really an equitable distribution model given the sales representative often handles a disproportionate amount of the work? Like Minetta Realty, some brokerages are starting re-think the standard real estate agent commission split.
The Case For The Broker
But wait, before you throw out the baby with the bathwater, it is important to keep in mind that the legal requirement for the broker’s involvement in the real estate sales process is not without justification.
Brokers must pass a more challenging exam than agents — one which usually requires a 100+ hour course to prepare for. office fitout In addition to this exam, brokers are also required to work in the field for a certain amount of time before they can obtain their real estate license. In the state of New York, for example, “Broker license applicants must have at least two years of full time experience as an active licensed real estate salesperson, or at least three years of full time experience in the general real estate field.”
As a result of this more rigorous licensing process, brokers often have a much more sophisticated understanding of the legal and financial context surrounding real estate transactions. This expertise can be invaluable when the lawsuits start flying (not uncommon given that there can be hundreds of thousands — if not millions — of dollars at stake), or when navigating more complex financial situations. The money they are paid is most certainly earned.
Aside from expertise, brokers also typically provide a number of services and amenities that play a crucial role in enabling an agent’s success. Everything from leads, office space, CRMs, and business cards can sometimes be funded by the broker. Interestingly enough, in some scenarios the arguably most valuable asset a broker provides for the agent is something less tangible: a respected brand.
“Fancy office space and business cards are great and all, but when you start generating upwards of a hundred thousand dollars in revenue each year, even 30-40% can be quite the premium to forfeit.”
In Conclusion: Re-Evaluating The Compensation Status Quo
Regardless of your opinion on the credit due to brokers, one thing is clear: there are way too many variables at play for a one size fits all policy.
In turn, there really should be no “typical” real estate agent commission split rate.
Agents should consider their circumstances when determining how much of their pay to pass over to their broker. Some questions you can ask yourself to help figure this out are:
Do the nature of my deals require in depth financial and legal expertise?
If you are renting apartments to college students, or doing other normally friction-less transactions — like real estate referrals — then paying your broker a full 50-50% split is probably too much.
How dependent am I on my broker’s services and experience?
Even if you are involved in more high stakes, complicated property sales, there still may be cause to reconsider your current business arrangement with you broker.
After all, once you have developed your own strong personal brand, and source most of your leads through referrals and word of mouth anyway, then it may be time to ‘cut the umbilical cord’ and strike out on your own, or find a more hands off and less expensive broker to work with. Fancy office space and business cards are great and all, but when you start generating upwards of a hundred thousand dollars in revenue each year, even just 30-40% can be quite the premium to forfeit. Traditional brokerages often respond to this leverage by allowing their senior agents a more friendly compensation percentage, but even then there is commonly a ceiling around 60%, which is rare and reserved for a select group of stand out contributors.


We Pay On Time!
The first thing every freelance academic writer wants to know about is money: what the price rates are and how often are writers able to cash out their balance. The pricing strategy of our company is very flexible. You can get paid as much as $15 a page, depending on the urgency and academic level of the assignment.
Each and every academic paper is evaluated for complexity of research required to complete the assignment and availability of the necessary resources, which help to calculate the optimum price for a specific assignment. As a result, the total price of an order depends on the deadline, academic level, and number of pages required. For you to understand the system better, let us give you an example: the price for a 5 page High School paper due in 10 - 14 days can be $30, while the price for a 3 page Masters level essay due in 10 – 24 hours may be $30 as well. Needless to say, Master level research papers are more expensive than High School assignments, as far as the topics for the first type of papers are more sophisticated and require experience, stamina, and knowledge. Even though the price of every order is fixed, writers can still negotiate and bid for a higher page rate. Usually, bids are considered and writers get certain orders at higher prices.
Price for each order depends on:
- Level of writing
- Number of pages
- Required research/Availability of materials
Payment is conducted twice a month following the company’s payment policy (http://academicwritersonline.com/rules). AcademicWritersOnline.com is a verified business member of PayPal community, which guarantees full and timely payments. As of now, we use PayPal to transfer funds to the writers who are registered with PayPal (please, check if PayPal works in your country here: https://www.paypal.com/us/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_display-approved-signup-co...) and Western Union as an alternative method of payment for our foreign writers. For more information about our payment procedures and rules, please, carefully read our Rules and Policies, which are visible upon registration.
- Western Union
Welcome to the world of Academic Writing!
AcademicWritersOnline.com is looking for ethical employees who will respect and follow all of the company’s rules and policies. Our clients expect to receive high quality papers uploaded within a certain deadline. Even a mere 5-10 minute lateness can be enough for the paper to become useless and for the client to fail a course or get expelled. Failure to meet job responsibilities may result in fines and payment reductions. However, we carefully investigate every single issue that may occur between a writer and a customer. We hope you will enjoy working for our company, and we will do our best to provide you with numerous interesting and challenging assignments for you to make some extra cash!


Arena Flowers - flower delivery with fair trade flowers
Arena Flowers is an international flower delivery based in the UK. They partnered up with many florists and delivery shops all over the world and deliver to more than 140 countries. Singapore is one of them.
The website has great usability. Pictures are of good size and quality. All in all, it's convenient to use their site.
Choices and prices of flowers and gifts are ranging wide. There is something for everyone’s wallet. Prices for Singapore are between approx. ฿ 2,682.66 to approx. ฿ 5,365.32. The variety of bouquets from sections like "Designer Flowers", "Bestsellers", "Florist’s Pick", "Subscription Flowers" are waiting to be sent into the world.
A great gimmick, the shop offers customers the possibility to upload pictures of them. An additional attachment to flowers and greeting cards. Send to the recipients to make it more personal.
Arena Flowers is a member of the fair trade program. A program where environmental and corporate responsibility is vital. An educational project regarding African flower farms and working conditions there. The aim is to benefit local social welfare and economics.
Arena also implemented a blog on the website with useful information regarding flower care and tips for gifts and holidays.
Payment methods are Paypal, Visa, Amex, and Master Card.
The shop is engaged on Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest and Google+.


Aeroplan is Canada’s premier coalition loyalty program. Aeroplan’s millions of members earn Aeroplan Miles with its growing network of over 75 world-class partners, representing more than 150 brands in the financial, retail, and travel sectors.
There are more than 5 million active Aeroplan members.
The mission of the Ministère de l’Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l’Alimentation is to foster the prosperity of the agri-food sector and to oversee food quality with a view to sustainable development.
Recognized for its expertise, the Department supports entrepreneurs and is attuned to the expectations of consumers and citizens. By making it easier for consumers and food producers to meet each other, it brings the various food stakeholders together and encourages locavorism while giving the know-how of Quebecers’ visibility. Québec products are a guarantee of flavour, quality and respect for the environment, from farm to fork.
Always at the centre of the pleasures of the table, the SAQ is committed to encouraging the discovery of new products and sharing its wine and spirits expertise. It prides itself on providing access to 13,200 products from 77 countries in its network of 400 stores and 440 agency stores.
Beyond its business activities, the SAQ annually supports some 400 organizations and events across Quebec through its donation and sponsorship program. The value of its contributions totalled $6.5 million in fiscal 2016-2017.
Swiss International Air Lines (SWISS) serves 102 destinations in 43 countries all over the world from its Zurich hub and the further Swiss international airports of Basel and Geneva. As the airline of Switzerland, SWISS is a byword for traditional Swiss values. True to its roots, the company is dedicated to providing the highest possible quality in all its products and services. With its manageable medium size, SWISS is also optimally equipped to remain as close as possible to its customers and meet their individual needs.
SWISS is committed on various fronts to the careful and sustainable use of natural resources, and regards a responsible attitude to the environment as an integral part of its corporate culture. As part of the Lufthansa Group and a member of Star Alliance, SWISS remains true to its mission of providing quality air services that link Switzerland with Europe and the world.
Fueled by over 170 years of cocoa and chocolate expertise across the world, Cacao Barry® innovates and supports both farmers' and Chefs' needs. Cacao Barry® brings great cocoa from remarkable places to celebrate the diversity of flavours and origins to truly unlock its sensorial richness.
Supported by our complete palette, ranging from cocoa, chocolate couvertures, origin chocolates to exclusive plantations, and customized chocolate recipes by Or Noir™, together with our global network of Ambassadors and Chocolate Academy™ Centers, it is our mission to support Chefs in their daily challenge to delight customers with unique chocolate flavours and creative pairings in signature dishes.
ESKA Natural Spring Water is drawn from our source located in St-Mathieu-d’Harricana in Northern Québec. ESKA water is naturally pure and shaped by the glacial rocks of a unique natural filtration system, an esker. Snow and rain trickle down into the esker and go through layers of rock, sand, and gravel for 15 years. ESKA water emerges naturally pure, nothing needs to be added or taken away.
Taste the purity of ESKA Natural Spring Water! Still or carbonated, flavoured or not, ESKA water will satisfy all your desires!
Since 1938, the Association des restaurateurs du Québec (ARQ) has been committed to the economic and professional development of Quebec’s restaurant managers. The ARQ is a non-profit organization with more than 5,500 members, half of which have businesses in the greater Montreal area. It provides training, government representation, insurance, information, and access to discounts (mainly through the largest purchasing collective in Quebec, the Privilege Plu$ Purchasing Program).
The ARQ’s top priorities include: ensuring that the restaurant industry’s role in the growth of Québec’s economy, tourism industry and bio-food industry is recognized; ensuring that the industry benefits from appropriate operating conditions, especially with respect to taxation, regulation and the consumer’s purchasing power; rallying the industry to create a decent workforce in terms of both quantity and quality.
BECOME A PARTNER
Tourisme Montréal is responsible for leading the regional effort to promote our hospitality industry by positioning Montréal as a premier destination for business and leisure travel. It steers Montréal’s tourism market development to keep pace with constantly evolving economic realities.
MTLàTABLE was initiated by Tourisme Montréal to make local gastronomy more accessible and create a celebration based on culinary pleasures and dining out. It gives Montrealers and tourists the chance to discover Montréal’s rich gastronomic scene and savour the creativity of our world-renowned chefs. This annual event generates significant economic spin-offs and press coverage.
MTLàTABLE has been made possible thanks to the generous support of its partners and sponsors who benefit from many personalized activation opportunities. The event reaches hundreds of thousands of consumers thanks to our media campaign and a wide range of marketing activation opportunities. If you are interested in becoming an event partner, you can choose a wide range of options. Each contract will be tailored to your needs and objectives.
Contact : firstname.lastname@example.org


The amount of money spent on pay and employee benefits can often account for the largest part of organisational expenditure and therefore managing this correctly is crucial.
Individuals are attracted, retained and engaged by a whole range of financial and non-financial rewards and these can change over time depending on their personal circumstances. Effective managers need to investigate what will achieve this for their team and desired team.
The module provides learners with an increased understanding of the difference between strategic and total rewards, as well as the importance of reward and recognition for employee motivation.
On completion of this course learners will be able to:
• Identify the difference between strategic and total reward
• Describe the different types of pay structure
• Detail a range of benefit options
• Appreciate the importance of reward and recognition for employee motivation
• Recognise the risks in designing a pay strategy


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Connect via instant messaging with customers, suppliers, partners and coworkers to create productive conversations, generating synergies and business, wherever you are.
Start selling in Tabdevi quickly and easily. Sell, export and improve the visibility of your business. Publish your products and services and they will be found on the Internet more easily.
Publish in Tabdevi the purchase of the products and services you need to earn money and save by buying, accessing a greater number of suppliers.
Register for free and access a new digital environment where you can meet new products and services related to the Processed foods and beverages sector. In Tabdevi.com you will meet other B2B markets with new manufacturers, producers, wholesalers, distributors, importers, exporters, suppliers and service providers, accessing new buyers, sellers and new business opportunities globally to buy and sell. Marketplace for Processed foods and beverages.
What can I do in Tabdevi? Click here
Within this category you will be able to upload your catalogue related to: Appetizers, snacks and nuts, Bakery, pastry and confectionery, Cereals, legumes and seeds, Cocoa, chocolates and confectionery, Coffee, tea, infusions and herbs, Creams and purees, Dairy, Dehydrated fruits, Dehydrated mushrooms, Dehydrated seaweed, Desserts, Drinks, Ecological beverages, Ecological food, Eggs, Fish, crustaceans, molluscs and seaweeds, Flours, meal, milling products and starches, Fruits and vegetables, Gourmet beverages, Gourmet food, Herbalist, Infant and child feeding, Ingredients, Meat and meat products, Pasta, Patés, Prepared and precooked food, Sauces, Spices and condiments, Sports nutrition, Sugars, sweeteners, honey and substitutes, Vegetable and animal oils and fats.


Banking market research
Market research for banking organisations
Banking market research by CARD Group Research & Insight offers both business-to-business and business-to-consumer market research for banking organisations and financial institutions. Experienced in conducting both quantitative and qualitative market research projects, we work in partnership with our clients to deliver actionable insights which improve marketing strategy and achieve business objectives.
Our banking market research service enables banks and other financial services institutions to uncover deeper and more accurate consumer information. We utilise advanced behavioural economics research methods to access both the conscious and subconscious perspectives.
New and existing product and service development for banking
- Tailor products and services to better meet customer needs
- Discover more about your customers, their wants and their often hidden motivations.
- Develop products and services to better meet your customer’s needs.
- Nurture a deep understanding of your customers’ needs to inform new product development.
- Gain insight into how to market new products and services to your target markets.
- Learn how satisfied your customers are and how you can improve customer satisfaction and customer experience in ways that matter most to them.
Competitive intelligence for banking
- Discover why prospective customers have really chosen a competing bank instead of your bank.
- Receive insight into how your brand is perceived compared to competing financial institutions and how you can improve your brand.
- Find out what consumers like and dislike about your competitors
- Discover how competitors treat their customers with competitive mystery shopping. This includes face-to-face in-branch, by phone and online.
Brand research for banks
- Brand awareness, evaluation, loyalty, recognition and rebranding research services
- Brand tracking
- Copy testing, advertising testing and campaign evaluation
Employee surveys for banks
We offer a range of employee surveys for banking staff. These include:
- Advanced employee engagement surveys using our unique employee attitude analytics
- Employee satisfaction surveys
- Employee pulse surveys
Banking market research services
To make an enquiry about a specific project you have or to find out more about our market research for banks, please get in touch. We work with companies across the United Kingdom, Ireland and beyond.


The two most critical factors for attaining food self sufficiency in the area of rice production are abundant availability of fertile land and fresh water. Generally, it is assumed that countries that are endowed with these resources should hugely exceed the expected annual yield of rice for rice self sufficiency or food self sufficiency. Countries like Vietnam, Thailand, Pakistan just to mention few are able to achieve signicant success in rice production and they are major global exporters of rice.
Central River Region of The Gambia is the region that is most endowed with abundant fertile land and flesh water due to its uniqueness of accupying majority of the flesh water areas of the river Gambia. According to experts, the region has the potential of meeting the rice demand of not only the region but the entire country. However, the Gambia has never been able to attain this even though it had its golden years in the 1980s with the implementation of a rice irrigation project at the Jahally and Pacharr Smallholder Rice Development fields covering 1,474 hectares in the McCarthy Island Division in 1982. In 1998 another rice project called Rice Irrigation Development Project (RIDEP) started to boost irrigated rice production in CRR. These projects constructed the initial irrigation infrastructures of many rice fields in Central River Region such as Jahally Pacharr rice fields, Janjanbureh and Sankulay Kunda rice fields. These fields were provided with pump irrigation facilities with concrete canals to supply fresh water to thousands of hectares thereby facilitating year round production of rice.
Today, most of the pump irrigated fields in CRR are not in operation as a result of very old and worn out irrigation infrastructures and inability of farmers to provide fuel for pumping
machines that are in good condition to pump water from the river to the rice fields. Most of the pumping machines and their irrigation canals were constructed 30 years ago, thus they had serve their useful life time and urgently need major redesigning and reconstruction to enable year round production.
To address these major problems in most of the rice fields in CRR, the Government of The Gambia and Islamic Development Bank through the project Building Resilience to Recurring Food Insecurity in The Gambia made available funds for the redesigning and reconstruction of 10 important pump irrigated fields amounting to a total of 264 hectares. These fields are as follows: Faraba Lay 30 hectares, Sankulay Kunda One 34 hectares, Sankulay Two 24 hectares, Sankulay kunda Three 15 hectares, Nema 38 hectares, Moriba Lay 10 hectares, Bansang Bantanto 26 hectares, Bansang North 14 hectares, Dobang kunda 35 hectares and Korop Burko 38 hectares.
On the 28th of May 2020, Ministry of Agriculture convened a meeting at Sankulay Kunda rice fields to officially hand over contract documents to the contractor AL Associates thus giving green light for the commencement of works on the fields. The event was attended by Permanent Secretary Ministry of Agriculture, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Nema Project Coordinator, Governor CRR, Regional Agric Director, Chief Lower Fulladou West and representatives of the ten fields.


How It Works / FAQ
What is Mech Supply?
MechSupply is a UK company which organises and runs group-buys for the global mechanical keyboard community.
What is a group-buy?
A group-buy is where a large group of people commit to purchase a product and therefore surpass minimum order quantity (MOQ) requirements and receive discounts for bulk orders.
What if the price changes after I pay?
If you join a supply and then the price then falls to a lower amount you will be refunded the difference between the new price and the price you paid for your items.
What if the MOQ isn't hit!?
If you make an order for an item and the MOQ is not hit when the group-buy closes, you will be refunded in full. If it is a group-buy with multiple options and not all of your items hit MOQ, you will be given the option whether you want just the items which did not hit MOQ refunded or the whole order.
Do you ship to my country / how much is shipping to my country?
UK shipping is free on most items. MechSupply and UKKeycaps ship worldwide. Shipping prices are usually a flat rate and are £3.50 for small items (such a few keycaps) or £6.50 for most parcel sized items. Some items have a different pricing structure to allow child deals to be purchased on their own.
When will I receive my items?
The estimated date of arrival is shown on each product page. This is the approximate date the product will be shipped from MechSupply.
Do I get a say in what group-buys are on MechSupply?
Yes! Sign up the the mailing list to receive emails containing voting forms for which items will next be available.
I don't want to wait, I want to buy something now!
Check out UKKeycaps for a variety of mechanical keyboard items in stock and ready to be shipped to you!


In New York on January 12, 2020
Valid until May 27, 2020
Thank you so much for choosing us for the renovation of your offices.
As a leading company in the renovation sector, we are excited to work with you for the first time. We hope to continue exceeding your expectations in the future.
In this price quote, you can find all the details concerning the renovation to be carried out.
This is a price quote for the renovation of a new annex to the current office to house bathrooms and a dining room/office space for the employees of ACME Corp.. Construction will begin on August 6, 2020, and end on the 17th of the same month, coinciding with the closure of the facilities for the summer
This quote represents an estimate of the full range of goods and services required to complete construction from start to finish. All materials and labour costs are included in the proposal.
We will be in charge of securing any permits deemed appropriate for the construction.
ACME Corp. shall provide the following services:
|Construction licence||1 month|
|Prior preparations: acquisition of material, signage, etc.||2 weeks|
|Construction||7 working days|
|Final details and cleaning||2 working days|
The work will take place at the offices according to the schedule established by the regulations and construction agreement applicable in San Diego with two 30-minute breaks for the workers.
To obtain the construction licence, our department will contact the administration of ACME Corp. to request the necessary documentation to submit the application to San Diego City Hall.
The space will be delivered completely clean and ready for use by the employees of ACME Corp..
The materials to be used in the renovation were already specified in previous meetings and sent to Jane on June 10.
In the event that it is not possible to obtain the specified materials, they will be replaced by materials of similar or higher quality.
The renovated space will be delivered after it is finished and cleaned.
This delivery will mark the start of the warranty.
|Labour, licences, cleaning service||1||3,387.50||3,387.50|
The dining room/office area will have capacity for 18 people.
As for the bathrooms, we will build a ladies’ room, a men’s room (both with capacity for three people) and one adapted bathroom. Both the ladies’ room and the men’s room will have a next-generation Dyson hand dryer and towel dispenser.
If you wish to extend the warranty to five years, the cost of the extension is 15% of the total cost of the construction.
The client shall be liable for any contingencies that arise during construction.
In the event of disputes between the parties, the conflict shall be resolved by private arbitration in the province of New York.
Payment shall be made as follows:
All payments shall be made on the date of the invoice.


industry in Russia is one of the largest in the world. Russia
has the largest reserves, and is the largest exporter, of natural gas. It has
the second largest coal reserves, the eighth largest oil reserves, and is
the largest producer of oil. It is the third largest energy user.
an average of 10.2 million barrels (1,620,000 m3) of oil per
day in 2010. It
produces 12% of the world's oil and has a same share in global oil exports. In
June 2006, Russian crude oil and condensate production reached to the
post-Soviet maximum of 9.7 million barrels (1,540,000 m3) per
day. Exceeding production in 2000 by 3.2 Mbbl/d (510,000 m3/d).
Russian export consists more than 5 Mbbl/d (790,000 m3/d)
of oil and nearly 2 Mbbl/d (320,000 m3/d) of refined
products, which go mainly to the Europe market. The domestic demand in 2005 was
2.6 Mbbl/d (410,000 m3/d) in averaged. It is also the
main transit country for oil from Kazakhstan.
Russia is by far
the world's largest natural gas exporter. Most,
but not all authorities believe that Russia has the world's largest proven
reserves of natural gas. Sources that consider that Russia has by far the
largest proven reserves include the US CIA (47.6 trillion cubic meters), the
US Energy Information Administration (47.8 tcm), and OPEC (48.7 tcm). However,
BP credits Russia with only 31.3 tcm as of 1 January 2014, which
would place it in second place, slightly behind Iran (33.1 to 33.8 tcm,
depending on the source). In addition to having the world's largest proved
reserves of natural gas, according to US Geological Survey estimations, Russia
is also likely to have the world's largest volume of still-undiscovered natural
gas: a mean probable volume of 6.7 trillion cubic meters. The USGS estimate of
Russia's undiscovered oil is 22 billion barrels, second in the world only to
those of Iraq.
The Russian oil
industry claims to be in need of huge investment. Strong
growth in the Russian economy means that local demand for energy of all types
(oil, gas, nuclear, coal, hydro, electricity) is continuing to grow.
FIRST REFINERY OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION-MENDELIEV
RUSSIAN BENCHMARKSOF BLACK GOLD The Russian crude oil brands and their future on the global markets
Currently traded at the global markets are threeoil markers and several dozen "regular" brands, of which Russia
accounts for six: Urals, Siberian Light, Sokol, Vityaz, REBCO and ESPO.
However, two brands - Urals and ESPO - stand good
chances for getting marker status in the foreseeable future.
Oil recipe of success
Needless to say that the chemical properties of
crude oil delivered to the global markets varies depending on the region and
even a field where it was produced. Therefore, in order to distinguish between
various crude oils they were divided into brands with gravity and sulfur
content being the major criteria. Hence, the lower are the gravity and sulfur
content the higher is the quality of a crude oil.
Each oil-rich country features its own one or
several brands of "black gold". Normally a brand is tied to an oil
field (or a cluster of similar oil fields) if such crude goes straight to
export. In case crude oils from several fields are mixed in a pipeline to be
sold as a blend the brands are tied to either a pipeline or a port.
It has been a common practice world-wide to use
primary benchmarks or marker oils as a pricing basis for all other grades (by
means of premium or discount). Dominating the global oil markets are Brent and
WTI, which are traded at InterContinental Exchange (ICE) in London and New York
Mercantile Exchange in New York accordingly. In should be noted though, that
while WTI used to trade at a premium to Brent (about $1/barrel), in 2010 the
USA markets were invaded by the Canadian "synthetic" crude oil and
the situation changed dramatically - now WTI trades at a significant discount
to Brent with the spread exceeding $10. The third primary benchmark is Dubai
Crude that has a vast spot market and is used as a yardstick against which all
export brands from the Persian Gulf are priced.
As such, currently traded at the global markets
are three oil markers and several dozen "regular" brands, of which
Russia accounts for six: Urals, Siberian Light, Sokol, Vityaz, REBCO and ESPO.
The major Russian oil brand is Urals - the
export blend, which is still used for pricing bulk of the Russian "black
gold" going to the global markets. This brand is a marriage of the heavy
sour crude oil from the Urals and the Volga Regions - mostly Tatarstan and Bashkortostan
(with sulfur reaching 3%) - and Siberia Light produced in the Khanty-Mansiysk
Autonomous Area (sulfur content 0.6%).
Quality as top priority
Because of the presence of the sour crude Urals
is not highly regarded in terms of quality. And it is discounted to Brent
(normally at $1-2 per barrel). Naturally, neither Russian government nor
Russian oil companies are happy about that - they lose billions in dollars each
year owing to such discount. At first, they attempted to solve it by splitting
heavy crude oil from the Volga regions and the light crude from the
Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area to introduce Siberian Light, a new brand for
the global markets. With the quality as high as the Brent's Siberian Light
could have helped avoid discount losses.
However, that option turned out to be
technically unfeasible due to the absence of the alternative pipeline capacity.
Another option was to use the railway for the new brand transportation (RITEK
firm even gave it a try) but at the current railway tariffs the price would be
likely to hit the ceiling. As such, a decision was made to either improve the
quality of the heavy Volga crude oil or exclude it completely from the export
stream and refine it on spot. As a result of this quest in 2005 an initiative
was launched at the federal level to build a cluster of refineries and
petrochemical plants in Tatarstan, and in 2011 JSC TANECO (Nizhnekamsky
refinery) added 7 million tons of capacity to the existing 9 million tons of
JSC TAIF-NK. Moreover, in June 2012 the top management of JSC Tatneft (which
owns 91% of TANECO) confirmed that, subject to the RF Government support, the
capacity of the new refinery complex might be increased from 7 to 14 million
Therefore, in the middle term the quality of the
Urals blend may be significantly improved to become equal with Brent benchmark.
More importantly, the improved Russian brand may, with time,
"dethrone" the North Sea crude. The fact is that as a result of the
North Sea oil fields depletion (the peak production rate was achieved in 1984)
the Brent's share on the global market dwindles and it becomes increasingly
distant from the actual situation on the trading floors. The Urals' production
rate remains high and this brand may, subject to the quality improvement, substitute
Brent in the benchmarks' group.
The Russian transportation companies are working
to make it happen - Summa Capital Group plans on building, with Transneft's
support, a transshipment terminal for Urals in Rotterdam thus establishing a
dedicated trade floor for this brand and helping it acquire an independent
price status. Although this project still has several years to go (the
Rotterdam terminal is scheduled for commissioning in 2015) Platts already
regards Urals the second best (after Brent) brand traded on the European
As for Siberian Light and REBCO - they were both
designed to resolve the so called "Urals problem" as mentioned above.
However, Siberian Light has been in rather scarce supply on the global markets
due to the absence of the alternative ways of transportation.
Another attempt to boost the Urals price was the
introduction of REBCO (Russian Export Blend Crude Oil), which was close to
Urals in terms of the composition but meant exclusively for open trade, also
failed. The new brand was first offered at NYMEX (CME Group) in 2006 to meet
poor demand and now is traded out of formality rather than commercial
Development of the Sakhalin oil and gas fields
added two more brands to the Russian crude product range - Sokol (Sakhalin-1)
and Vityaz (Sakhalin-2). However, these brands are primarily supplied to the
Asia-Pacific Region and, therefore, not offered at the Western Europe markets.
It explains why the Urals, Siberian Light and REBCO prices are directly
depended upon the Brent quotations while Sokol and Vityaz prices are driven by
The quality of the two new brands is rather high
- Sokol is the best Russian crude oil. The more so, it tops Brent and WTI not
to mention Dubai Crude. Despite all that it stands very poor chances to become
a new global benchmark because the Sakhalin crude production and export volumes
are clearly too small to make it an equal rival to the current leaders.
Besides, there is a new brand, also Russian by the way, that may challenge the "big
three" domination. This brand is ESPO.
ESPO: new horizons
ESPO (Eastern Siberian Pipeline Ocean) is the
youngest Russian crude oil brand, it first appeared on the global markets in
late 2009. It is produced in Western and Eastern Siberia and moved via ESPO
pipeline to the Far East of Russia (port of Kozmino, Primorsky Area). Never
getting blended with the heavy crude from Tatarstan and Bashkorostan it is
therefore better than Urals.
As such, the new brand has been increasingly
well received in the Asia-Pacific Region, where ESPO is primarily supplied to.
While the first batch was sold (in December 2009) with a $0.5 discount to Dubai
(the benchmark for ESPO price determination) in early 2011 the Eastern Siberian
crude oil was traded with a premium of $2.2 to Dubai. The sales areal has been
rapidly expanding as well, and just in several months after the ESPO debut on
the market it was welcomed in the most of the Asia-Pacific Regions countries
Bulk (80%) of ESPO is purchased by oil traders
with one third of it by companies associated with G. Timchenko (Gunvor, Warly
International, IPP). The direct consumers (which account for over 20% of
deliveries) include BP, Shell, Chevron, Nippon, Total, Petronas, PetroVietnam.
The Russian exporters include Rosneft, Surgutneftegaz, Gazprom and TNK-BP.
In 2011 Russia began supplying ESPO to China via
a branch from ESPO pipeline in the vicinity of Skovorodino. Under the bilateral
agreement between Russia and China the former shall deliver 15 million tons of
crude oil per annum during 20 years between 2011 and 2030. This is about 8% of
the current Chinese exports or nearly 10% if inclusive of the volumes transported
by sea from Kozmino.
In 2010, the share of ESPO at the Asia-Pacific
Region market was about 1.5% but the commissioning of the branch pipeline to
China helped increase this share to 3%. In other words, it took ESPO brand only
two years to win a solid standing in the Asian markets.
Thus, ESPO is likely to continue succeeding on
the global markets because of its advantages over the crude oil from Persian
Gulf. First, ESPO quality is better than that of both benchmark Dubai and
fairly popular Oman - it is sweater, which benefits refineries because
desulfurization is a complex and costly process driving the fuel prices
upwards. Second, ESPO is closer in terms of transportation time and distance,
which is good for price. It takes a Middle East crude 2-3 weeks to reach a
buyer as opposed to the Eastern Siberia crude, which can be delivered within
3-5 days. A better delivery time means higher flexibility of the Russian
deliveries. Third, it is clearly to ESPO's advantage that the Asia-Pacific
Region countries are striving to diversify their oil imports. All that gives
reasons to believe that the Russian share in the oil imports by the largest
countries of the Asia-Pacific Region may reach 15-20%.
In view of the forgoing it would be safe to
assume that ESPO has come very close to becoming a new benchmark in the
Asia-Pacific Region market. According to the global market rules to accomplish
that goal Russia should be able to comply with two primary criteria:
sustainability of deliveries and relatively high sales. As for the first
criteria - pipelines are by far more reliable means of transportation than
tankers, especially in light of the fact that ESPO pipeline does not cross any
borders thus effectively excluding any transit-relating problems (for instance,
the Ukrainian gas transit standoff). Of course, one should not completely rule
out the possibility of the pipeline accidents, which (according to the third
party technical supervision reports outlining numerous regulatory violations
during the ESPO pipeline construction) appear quite probable. Anyway, I want to
believe that any accident would be repaired as soon as possible to resume crude
oil movements via the Eastern Siberian pipeline (such repair will, no doubt,
include environmental impact mitigation).
As for the second criteria, to become a
benchmark any brand should have at least 10% of the market. The estimated
capacity of the Asia-Pacific Region market, where major buyers include China,
Japan and South Korea, is 520-550 million tons.
Hence, volume of the benchmark deliveries should
be at least 50 million tons. Platts are sharing these views - they even say
that 30 million tons would do providing there are no drastic changes in
quality. In any case, 50 million tons should be used as a base case scenario
coupled with the fact that the Asia-Pacific Region market is gradually growing.
And ESPO sales can reach this critical threshold
because Transneft intends to commission the second phase of ESPO pipeline
(ESPO-2), expand the transshipment capacity of Kozmino terminal from 15 to 30
million tons per annum and increase the throughput capacity of the pipeline
section between Tayshet and Skovorodino (ESPO-1 Expansion) to 50 million tons.
It should be noted though that the required linefill volumes would not be available
till 2014 when the major ESPO supplier Vankorskoye field currently producing 15
million tons is scheduled to reach the designed production rate (25 million
tons). It is only after that when Russia will be able to formally nominate ESPO
It means that the Russia's third attempt to
establish the internationally recognized crude oil brand may finally be
successful. It is now imperative that Russia does not miss this chance and
works consistently to secure the required crude oil exports volumes and takes
reasonable approach towards trade with its eastern neighbors.


How much do cybersecurity jobs pay?
Data security analysts to be between $89,000 and $121,500 in 2012 and a systems or network security administrator’s wages to be between $85,000 and $117,750 (survey by Robert Half Technology).
The same survey estimated that a network architect makes between $95,500 and $137,000 in 2012.
Web developers make between $61,250 and $99,250 in 2012, according to the survey
The median annual wage of information security analysts, web developers, and computer network architects was $75,660 in May 2010. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $43,190, and the top 10 percent earned more than $119,940.
Most information security analysts, web developers, and computer network architects work full time. Information security analysts sometimes have to be on call outside of normal business hours in case of an emergency at their organization. (source: US Dept. Of Labor)


Silagra is produced by Indian manufacturer Cipla. So, what do we know about pharmaceutical industry in India?
The Indian Quality Standards are very close to the WHO standards and there are over 2,500 manufacturers in India that are very tightly controlled. There is a death penalty for faking/counterfeiting drugs and the entire industry is about US$40 billion in size.
Most reputable pharmaceutical companies have their factories in India: Ranbaxy, Cipla, Pfizer, Dr.Reddy’s, Novartis, Merck, Ajantha, GSK, Sanofi-Aventis and 10s of others. The Indian subcontinent has the largest number of USFDA approved factories outside the USA in the world and the Indian pharmaceutical industry is a very strong force to reckon with.


Congress has passed the Achieving a Better Life Experience (ABLE) Act this week, which promises to help individuals with disabilities and their families save for disability-related expenses and proactively plan for their futures. The ABLE Act would allow a single tax-free savings account to be established for individuals who were disabled before the age of 26.
These individuals could save $14,000 per year to pay for future health-care costs, housing, lifelong education, transportation, and other necessary expenses. Such accounts would resemble 529 college savings plans and anyone would have the opportunity to contribute to them, as long as total contributions do not exceed $14,000 annually. Additionally, individuals would not forfeit their eligibility for Medicaid, Social Security Income (SSI), or other governmental benefit programs as would be the case under existing law. ABLE accounts are meant to supplement and not replace these benefits, though it should be noted that if the account surpasses the maximum amount of $100,000, then SSI payments would be suspended. Funds remaining in the account at the death of the beneficiary must be paid to the state up to the amount of Medicaid benefits provided after the account was established. The bill will now be sent to President Obama, who is expected to sign it.
- Posted by Hickman & Lowder Staff


Bab Al Rayan was established in Kuwait in 2004. The objective of starting the company was to meet the demands of the fast growing Kuwaiti national market and to have better solutions for the problems prevailing in the field of Aluminum and Steel works.
Today Bab Al Rayan is recognized in the national market by its creative artwork in the field of Aluminum and steel works. Almost all of the architectural units fabricated are custom designed to meet and fulfill the customer requirements. Our expert and dedicated design and manufacturing team is fully dedicated for the constant product up gradation in line with the new trends and developments in the market.