The Skilled Worker visa is designed to enable skilled workers to come to the UK in order to fill a gap in the UK labour market.
Skilled Worker (formerly Tier 2) visa:
In order to qualify for a Skilled Worker visa the applicant must be able to demonstrate that:
· they have a job offer and a Certificate of Sponsorship from an organisation based in the UK that holds a sponsor licence;
· the role represents a genuine vacancy;
· they possess the suitable skills and experience for the role;
· the role is at the relevant skill level (at or above RQF3) and they will be paid an appropriate salary as listed within the Codes of Practice;
· they meet the required level of English language (currently B1 of the CEFR);
· they have sufficient funds to maintain themselves (if maintenance is not certified by the sponsor); and
· they do not fall for refusal under the general grounds for refusal.
Length and conditions of stay in the UK
Applicants can apply to come to the UK for a period of five years and 14 days, or the time given by the sponsor on the Certificate of Sponsorship plus 1 month, whichever is shorter.
Applicants can apply to extend their stay in the UK up to a maximum period of six years providing they continue to meet the requirements of the scheme.
During their stay in the UK, applicants can work for the sponsor in the role described on their Certificate of Sponsorship, perform supplementary work of up to 20 hours per week in accordance with the rules and undertake voluntary work and study providing this does not interfere with their main sponsored work. Applicants cannot hold more than 10% of the shares in the sponsoring company unless they earn an annual salary at or above the high earner rate and they are not permitted to access public funds.
Indefinite Leave to Remain
An application for Indefinite Leave to Remain can be made once an applicant has held a Skilled Worker or Tier 2 General visa for a period of at least five years. In order to be eligible for Indefinite Leave to Remain an applicant must demonstrate that:
· they have spent a continuous period of five years in the UK and during this time have not breached any UK immigration laws;
· they meet the requirements in relation to absences;
· they have sufficient knowledge of English language and have passed a Life in the UK test; and
· they are paid the appropriate salary for the role and this meets the minimum salary required for Indefinite Leave to Remain.
Our mission is to provide our clients with unbiased, accurate and complete immigration advice, which is relevant to their needs.
We recognise that the process of applying for any kind of visa or the maintenance of a Sponsor Licence, can be a stressful time for those involved and so we always treat all our clients as valued customers who have chosen us to look after their immigration future - we will not take that responsibility lightly and we will do our best to deliver the result they are hoping for.


Stephen Silver Fine Jewelry is fortunate to be located in the heart of Silicon Valley at the forefront of technology. We tracked the adoption of cryptocurrencies for over a decade, and, before accepting these new forms of payment, we did extensive research on the best crypto processing partners. We chose to work with BitPay, the current industry leader, because of their robust system and KYC/AML (Know Your Customer/Anti-Money Laundering) compliance vetting process. In order to receive merchant authorization, BitPay’s compliance team performed an extensive review of our company. This included a detailed review of the company’s financial statements, vetted our internal KYC/AML process, and their legal and compliance teams interviewed our leadership team on multiple occasions. Furthermore, we only accept crypto payments from authorized BitPay approved wallets. Through this process, we are confident that we are compliant with all laws by accepting cryptocurrencies.
Blockchain and cryptocurrency technology are a part of our reality and future, and we are proud to serve our customers using new and emerging technologies. We responsibly embrace, learn how to work with, and adopt cryptocurrency in business practices for the greater benefit of commerce. Blockchain technologies and cryptocurrencies will continue to evolve, and, during that evolution, we are committed to the upholding the appropriate compliance measures to transact ethically and responsibly.
We confidently transact in cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, and Monero.


About a dozen Vanuatuan women visited Selmes Garden Centre on Friday.
A programme tailored to ni-Vanuatu women on the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) scheme is giving them the skills to adapt their businesses to a post-Covid world.
Entrepreneurial Women with Purpose, an organisation designed to empower women through education, has designed a programme based on the needs, skills and passions of women in Marlborough on the RSE scheme.
On Friday, around a dozen women were given a tour of the nursery at Selmes Garden Centre by Trust Chairman David Robinson.
Entrepreneurial Women with Purpose founder Catherine van der Meulen said the ‘Impact Education Programme’, had held workshops over the past six weeks, focusing on skills the women could take back to their own communities and businesses in Vanuatu.
“We took what they were currently educated in, what they wanted to be educated in, what their passions were, what their interests were, what their community needs were and what their social issues were,” she said.
They had done classroom-style workshops such as financial literacy and forecasting, but were also provided hands-on experience.
“One of the big things that came out was that they love to grow plants, and they love to grow food,” she said.
“This is showing them around not only how you grow plants and what fruits and vegetables they can actually be growing, but also how they can create a business out of doing something that they love.”
Entrepreneurial women with purpose founder Catherine van der Meulen said the programme had focused on what the women wanted to learn.
As a business that provided employment and training for people with disabilities, Selmes Garden Centre was also an example of how the women could use their businesses to address social issues within their communities, she said.
Many of the women had businesses of their own in Vanuatu, but some would have to pivot due to the loss of tourism from Covid-19.
“A lot of them already have [businesses] but what they really need to do is modify them to suit what the world needs right now,” van der Meulen said.
Alicia Albert, left, pictured with Cindy Metsa and Isabel Ronnie, had a business cultivated kava in Vanuatu.
“They needed tourism when they left, they don’t need it now.”
Isabel Ronnie operated a transport business for women back in Vanuatu, but was looking to change her business model when she returned, as there would no longer be tourists to transport.
“I’m thinking to change because from now on with the Covid, it’s too hard. Losing jobs and stuff so it’s better to change to something natural.”
“I’m thinking of the needs of the locals … just something natural.”
The tour was given by Selmes Trust Chairman David Robinson.
Alicia Albert also had a business growing and harvesting kava, a plant native to the Pacific Islands and commonly brewed into a social drink. She was looking to learn about new fruits and vegetables she could cultivate to expand her business.
Kathleen Kalo had a kava bar in Vanuatu and grew produce such as pineapple, bananas and sweet potatoes for her business.
She had been coming back to New Zealand on the RSE scheme since 2010, but this year was unsure when she could get back home, due to Covid travel restrictions.
“Normally we are thinking in September we can go back home but this time … we will just wait and see,” she said.


Q � What is zoning?
A � Zoning is when a home is divided into zones or areas. Each zone receives its own thermostat and controls its temperature and return air circulation independently within each zone.
Q � How does zoning work?
A � Zoning systems use dampers in the ductwork that open and close as needed based on each zone�s thermostat settings. When a zone doesn�t need to be heated or cooled, the dampers close to save energy and maximize comfort elsewhere.
Q � Why have I not heard about zoning before?
A � Zoning has actually been around for years. It has been used more in a commercial application than in a residential setting. Zoning is a specialized service that not all H.V.A.C companies offer. Most heating companies are in the production, change out, replacement and service side of the industry. PPS Heating and Air Conditioning, Inc. specializes in zone control systems, providing the service to its custom homebuilder clients as well as its residential retrofits and remodels.
Q � How do I know if zoning would help me?
A � In most cases zoning can be quite helpful to homeowners. Whether you live in a 2 story home or a single level home, zoning can help reduce energy costs and create a more comfortable environment that you control.
Q � Can I save money on my energy bill with zoning?
A � Absolutely. Homeowners can save up to 33% on their energy
bills with zoning when combined with a programmable thermostat.
Q � Is zoning expensive?
A � Not really. The cost of the zoning when compared to the overall cost of the home is minimal and in most cases, costs can be recouped in a relatively short period of time. The benefits of zoning are many. More comfort, more control and more savings. It just makes sense.
Q � Is zoning considered environmentally friendly or green?
A � Absolutely. Zoning definitely contributes to conservation. With zoning you�ll only be heating and cooling zones or areas as needed, thus saving energy. Homeowners can save up to 33% on their utility bills with zoning when combined with a programmable thermostat.
Q � Is zoning convenient and efficient?
A � Yes. With the flexibility of a thermostat in each zone, there is no more cranking up the settings in one area to affect another.
Q � Is zoning only used in new construction?
A � No. Zoning can be retrofitted in existing homes if there is adequate access to the ductwork, such as in a crawl space. Zoning is often times the best solution in providing and controlling comfort in cases of remodeling and home additions.
As a builder, why is zoning important to me?
A � Zoning is important to the custom homebuilder because it offers the opportunity to differentiate themselves from their competitors. Zoning gives the custom homebuilder an edge. Zoning enables the homebuilder to put a better product in the marketplace. Zoning is a solution homebuilders have been looking for, far fewer call backs, happier homeowners and better all around comfort system in the homes they build. Zoning as an investment although relatively inexpensive can provide big returns.
Zoning Solution Example:
Why is the upper floor of a two story home always hotter than the lower level?
A � Simple. Heat rises. Solution: Zoning. When a two story home is zoned into two zones, each level receives its own thermostat. Now the homeowner can control the temperature on each level independently. If the two story home is zoned into three zones, in most cases the third zone would be the master bedroom. End result. Each level and the master bedroom have its own thermostat.
<< back to Zone Control


The Secretary of State for Education has today approved a bid led by Dudley College of Technology to create an Institute of Technology (IoT) as part of a new wave of government funded skills institutions. After an exhaustive procurement process the project has moved to the ‘pre-award stage’ which in effect gives it the green-light to go ahead.
The bid was led by Dudley College of Technology alongside an extensive partnership including The Universities of Wolverhampton and Worcester and employers such as Thomas Dudley Ltd, The Hadley Group, Grainger & Worrell Ltd, The Dudley NHS Foundation Trust and Fulcro Coins.
The new IoT will focus its provision on advanced manufacturing, modern construction methodologies and medical engineering, all of which are critical transformational sectors for the regional economy.
The project will change the landscape of Dudley with the development of a three-storey 4,750m2 building sited on Castle Hill adjacent to the new Metro stop, the very Light Rail Innovation Centre and the Black Country Living Museum. Work on the flagship new build is planned to start in October this year with the Institute open for learners in September 2021. The IoT will also operate from the Marches Centre for Manufacturing Technology in Bridgnorth.
By 2025 the IoT plans to support over 2,000 new learners following higher level technical programmes with an emphasis on Apprenticeships. The project totals some £32.5m of investment. Today’s announcement confirms the government’s intention to support £16.8m capital funding and the award of the prestigious IoT licence and brand.
Commenting on the success of the bid Lowell Williams, Chief Executive Officer, Dudley College of Technology said:
“I’m delighted that our proposal has been accepted. This is a marvellous opportunity for the people and businesses of the Black Country and the wider West Midlands region. They will have access to a national leading skills centre right on their doorstep. The role of the IoT will be to develop the technical skills base of the region in sectors where there are skills shortages and high demand. It will help both individuals and businesses to thrive, and provide a further boost the regional economy. I can’t thank all of the project partners enough for their tremendous support.”
Welcoming the announcement Dudley North, MP Ian Austin said:
“This is brilliant news for Dudley. I’ve always said we need to make education and skills our number one priority because there’ll be massive growth and lots of well-paid jobs in new hi-tech industries over the next 20 years, so this will help us develop the skills we need to attract new industries and new jobs, help local businesses grow, give youngsters a first class start and help adults get new jobs too. I’ve worked really hard to support this project and I want to thank Lowell and his team who are making such a difference in Dudley.”
Echoing the sense of achievement Vice-Chancellor of the University of Wolverhampton, Professor Geoff Layer, said: “This centre will help meet the demand and the skills gap that employers in the region are telling us about. This will lead to a more highly skilled workforce and help to continue to regenerate the regional economy.”
Mayor of the West Midlands Andy Street, who in February wrote to Minister of State for Education, Anne Milton MP, in support of the IoT bid, said:
“This is fantastic news for Dudley and for the wider West Midlands, and I am delighted for Dudley College.
“The Dudley IoT will boost people’s skills, and offer great courses in industries where our regional economy is booming.
“The Dudley IoT will help local people gain great qualifications, so they have a better chance of getting a rewarding career in sectors which are growing very quickly. The IoT will also support the introduction of T-levels and help underpin growth in apprenticeships, to support our regional aspiration that everyone has the opportunity to access great training and great careers in the West Midlands.”
On behalf of employers Tom Westley, Chairman of the Westley Group Ltd and Black Country LEP board director said:
“This is wonderful news for Dudley, the Black Country, the Marches and all our surrounding businesses. It builds on the College’s success and will play a crucial part in further reinforcing and boosting this area as a great place to locate your business, where excellent ‘state of the art’ skills training facilities are on your doorstep and you can access a highly skilled workforce.”
The next step of the process is for the College and partners to attend a workshop for the select group of fellow awardees which will take place in London in May.


Bitcoin is a world-changing technology that deserves your attention. It allows anyone to send money over the internet without requiring permission or trust.
Seoul Bitcoin is a community that hosts monthly Bitcoin meetups that are accessible to beginners, but also challenges you to understand the technology.
Our meetup is run entirely by volunteers and without a profit motive. This is not a meetup about trading or investing. We care about the technology and hope to convey our excitement.
There are many alternative coins out there that make false claims of superiority. We offer education to help you guard yourself against misinformation.
It is our hope that gaining a deeper understanding of Bitcoin will lead to a deeply motivated community.


Well that was about the most one sided PMQs you are ever likely to see.
Whoever was doing the prep work for David Cameron needs to be giving a good kick because that was comfortably the worst performance he has put in since becoming the Leader of the Conservative Party. You knew what was going to come up, energy and Sir John Major, yet he was so grossly underprepared it was pretty staggering. In saying that Ed Miliband gave arguably his best performance to date; he counter attacked, never let Cameron settle and his quip that ‘John Major was a Conservative Prime Minister who won a majority’ clearly rattled the PM who resorted to calling Miliband a ‘con man’ who was ‘living in a Marxist universe’ with neither remark landing any sort of blow. It was not quite a Tony Blair/John Major ‘weak, weak, weak’ moment, but ironically it was Major that helped tee Cameron up for the biggest trouncing he has had so far. The usually slippery DC has now been ruffled, is looking incredibly vulnerable and, worryingly for him, Miliband and Labour know it.
This has all stemmed from Ed Miliband’s speech at the Labour Party Conference 6 weeks ago. Like a hit number one, his proposal to freeze energy bills was both popular and has been played almost nonstop on the radio since. Some may call it a gimmick, others may call it unworkable but one thing is for sure it is a vote winner, a policy which addresses living standards and firmly draws attention to the criminal situation in this country where fuel poverty has meant that thousands of people will face the choice between heating and eating this winter. It will provide some respite to all, but especially those most desperate in our society who have seen their benefits capped or cut entirely, been taxed if they have been deemed to be living with the luxury of an additional room or simply been demonised and labelled as a scrounger if they are in the terrible situation of being unemployed.
Since Miliband’s game changing speech Cameron has been scratching around trying to find a riposte, searching for a policy idea that will match, never mind trump, Labour’s for effect and popularity. Labour has successfully shifted the debate to living standards and in particular fuel poverty, issues to the Tories are simply unequipped to deal with and it has shown. It really is quite something to see the Opposition, rather than the sitting Government, setting the agenda and indeed, future policy.
Cameron’s solution to cut green levies yesterday was as predictable as it was politically and practically clumsy to say the least. This is not so much as a U-turn as it is Cameron continually circling a roundabout, desperately looking for the right exit, before turning off in desperation and finding that he is heading off in a completely different direction to the one he intended. That’s if he really knew where he was heading at all.
If he thinks that this will be a more popular policy than Miliband’s price freeze then he is wrong; 75% of people don’t believe the energy companies when they say that ‘green taxes’ are the reason for steeper bills whilst less than 30% oppose the existence of ‘green taxes’ to help investment in renewable energy. Nearly half of the people questioned also thought that current balance of cost of energy and environment impact should stay the same with an additional 20% thought that energy bills could be increased further to implement more environmentally friendly technology; together this account for more than two-thirds of the population. Clearly then, popular opinion does not run parallel with David Cameron and his party so the cut in green levies is not designed to be a vote winner but a dramatic overhaul of energy strategy, surely?
Perhaps not; out of an average household energy bill of £1,267, green levies make up about £112 which works out around 9% of the overall bill. Of this, over 50% (£58) goes towards energy saving measures for low-income homes and a warm home discount for pensioners. These are the people most at risk from fuel poverty and it is not an exaggeration to suggest that thousands of peoples’ lives will be put at risk each and every winter if these support mechanisms are taken away.
Now underlying to all this is the presumption that many associate the green levies with renewable energy which is of course undeniably evil when compared to fracking and nuclear power stations (how dare us hippies promote an energy source that is stable, sustainable, clean, green and basically free once installed). The problem with this presumption is that 1). the vast majority of people support renewable energy and 2). the environmental and renewable energy factors to the average bill add up to £53 out of £1,255, just over 4%. Therefore, if these green levies were scrapped the saving would be a drop in the ocean when compared to the wholesale prices of energy and the margins and benefits the energy companies are enjoying from an oligopoly. Sure we may see a small drop in energy bills now but as long as we remain dependant on non-renewable resources, the majority of which are now sourced from abroad, then we will remain in a situation where an uncompetitive marketplace can dictate and enforce energy price rises of 10% or more. It is also thought that without these green measures, the average bill in 2020 would also stand £166 higher than it would have been otherwise. It is time to stop acting with such a narrow, short term view and look at the bigger, long term picture.
Green levies will help us build an industry in this country which will reduce a dependence on existing wholesale energy market by localising the supply of energy and providing a resource which is not so extremely susceptible to the effects of demand and supply. Increased competitiveness in the market will bring prices down and the interests of the consumer will come first with the introduction of more co-operative and community owned energy companies; it goes without saying that jobs and growth will follow. This is not a fanciful ideal but an ideas that are being put into practice despite this Government’s best efforts. Like any industry however, it needs room and support in order to blossom and not to be chocked off as a knee jerk reaction when the going gets tough.
I am not advocating higher energy bills, I am advocating people to look at the numbers. I am advocating people to look at our dependence on a finite resource, on the profits energy companies are making in an oligopolistic market place and the severity of the alternative options. I am advocating a stable, sustainable, clean, green future, a more competitive energy market with greater consumer input and ownership, with lower bills for all. I am advocating people look at who said to “vote blue, go green”, who promised the “greenest government ever” and who supported the introduction of green levies and increased them by 50% as Prime Minister. I am advocating that you also look at the person who oversaw the reduction of energy prices whilst Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, who has promised 1 million green jobs and has vowed to implement a price freeze.
I am advocating a better future.


ON COMPANIES AND PARTNERSHIPS
- The French Code of Commerce and Most Usual Commercial Laws , 1880 [Google Books]
TITLE I. OF “Sociétés en Commandite” DIVIDED INTO SHARES. ARTICLE 1. “Sociétés en commandite” cannot divide their capital into shares or coupons of shares of less than one hundred francs, when the capital does not exceed two hundred thousand francs, and of less than five hundred francs when the capital exceeds the above amount. They are not definitely formed until the whole of the capital has been subscribed, and at least one quarter of each share actually paid up. The aforesaid subscription and payments shall be sworn to by the manager before a notary. To the deposition shall be annexed—the list of subscribers, a statement of the amount paid up, the agreement under which the stock company is formed, executed in duplicate, if the same be “sous seing privé;” and a certified copy thereof, if it be a notarial deed, executed before a notary other than the one before whom the deposition is made. The deed “sous seing privé,” whatever may be the number of parties thereto, must be executed in duplicate, one of which shall be annexed, as explained in the preceding paragraph, to the deposition setting forth the subscription of the capital and the payment of the one fourth, and the other of which shall be deposited at the office of the “Société.” ARTICLE 2. The shares or share coupons are negotiable after the payment of one fourth. ARTICLE 3. A stipulation may be made, but it must be set forth in the agreement under which the company is formed, that the shares or share coupons may, after one half has been paid up thereon, be converted, by a resolution of a general meeting, into shares payable to bearer. Whether the shares remain payable to order after such resolution, or whether they become converted into shares payable to bearer, the original subscribers who transferred the same, and the transferees to whom such transfers were made, before the payment of the one half, remain liable for the whole amount payable on the shares for the space of two years from the resolution of the general meeting. ARTICLE 4. When a member contributes to the concern an apport which does not consist of cash, or which consists of a personal privilege, the first general meeting shall estimate the value of the apport and the personal privilege contributed. The company is not definitely constituted until after the approbation of the apport, by a resolution of anothergeneral meeting convened for the purpose. The second general meeting cannot approve the same until a report has been printed and placed at the disposal of the shareholders five days at least before the said meeting. The resolutions may be passed by a majority of the shareholders present. This majority must consist of one-fourth of the shareholders, and represent one-fourth of the capital paid up in cash. Members who have brought in an apport or personal privilege to be submitted to the examination of the meeting, cannot vote. In default of approbation the Articles of Association become of no effect as regards all parties. Approbation as above forms no obstacle to the subsequent institution of proceedings in case of fraud. The clauses of the present article relating to the approval of the “apport " not consisting in cash, are not applicable in the case of a company to which the said “apport" is made, when such company is exclusively composed of parties who were already joint-proprietors thereof. ARTICLE 5. A committee of inspection composed of at least three shareholders shall be appointed in every société en commandite par actions. This committee shall be appointed by the general meeting of shareholders immediately after the definite formation of the société and before the commencement of its business. The committee is subject to re-election at the periods and upon the conditions set out in the articles of association. In any case, however, the first committee cannot act for more than one year. ARTICLE 6. The first committee must, immediately upon its appointment, examine if all the provisions contained in the preceding articles have been complied with. ARTICLE 7. Every société en commandite par actions, constituted contrary to the provisions of Articles 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, of the present law shall be void and of no effect as regards the parties interested therein. This section cannot, however, be set up as a defence against third parties. ARTICLE 8. When the Articles of Association are annulled, pursuant to the preceding Article, the members of the first Committee of Inspection may be declared responsible, together with the manager, for all damages resulting therefrom to the Company or to third parties. The same liability attaches to the members whose “apports” or personal privileges shall not have been approved pursuant to Article 4. ARTICLE 9. The members of the Committee of Inspection incur no responsibility in relation to acts of administration or the results thereof. Each member of the Committee of Inspection is liable for his own default in relation to the carrying out of his duties according to the general rules of law. ARTICLE 10. The members of the Committee of Inspection shall verify the books, cash bills, drafts, and other securities of the société. They shall draw up every year for the general meeting a report, in which they shall point out any irregularities or omissions which they may have found in the inventories, and state, should there be occasion, what difficulties exist as to the payment of the dividends proposed by the gérant. The shareholders cannot be called upon to reimburse dividends which they may have received, unless such dividends have been paid without drawing up an inventory, or without reference to the position of affairs as shown by the inventory. Actions for return of dividends as above are barred after the lapse of five years from the day fixed for the distribution of the dividends. Limitations which have commenced to run at the time of the promulgation of the present law, and which, according to the old laws, do not expire within five years therefrom, shall come within the present law, and bar actions within the time prescribed therein. ARTICLE 11. The Committee of Inspection may call a general meeting, and pursuant to resolution passed thereat, may wind up the Company. ARTICLE 12. Fifteen days at least before the date of the general meeting every shareholder may, either by himself or his agent, inspect, at the principal office of the Company, the balance-sheet, inventories, and report of the Committee of Inspection. ARTICLE 13. The issue of shares or share coupons of a société constituted contrary to the provisions of Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present Law, is punishable by a penalty of from five hundred to ten thousand francs. The same penalties are applicable as follows:—To the manager who commences operations before the Committee of Inspection enter upon their functions; parties who, by representing themselves as holders of stock which does not belong to them, have created a fictitious majority at a general meeting, without prejudice to any action for damages to which they may be liable towards the société or third parties; shareholders who have sought to make a fraudulent use of their shares. In the cases provided for in the two preceding Articles, the penalty of imprisonment of from fifteen days to six months may be inflicted. ARTICLE 14. The negotiation of shares or of share coupons, the value or form of which are contrary to the provisions of Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present law, or in respect of which the payment of one fourth has not been made pursuant to Article 2 above mentioned, is punishable by a penalty of from five hundred to ten thousand francs. Parties who have participated in the negotiation, or issuing of the said shares, are punishable by the same penalties. ARTICLE 15. The following are liable to the penalties prescribed by Article 405 of the Penal Code, without prejudice to the application of that Article to all acts constituting the misdemeanor of “escroquerie” (swindling):—1st. Parties who, under pretence of subscription or payment of calls, or by fraudulent publication of subscriptions or payments which have not been made, or by other fraudulent acts, have obtained, or sought to obtain subscriptions or payments upon shares; 2nd. Those who, in order to attract subscriptions or payments, have fraudulently and falsely published the names of persons as being or about to become connected with the concern in any capacity whatever. 3rd. The géran's who, without drawing up inventories, or by means of false inventories, have paid fictitious dividends to the shareholders. The members of the Committee of Inspection are not civilly responsible for offences committed by the managers. ARTICLE 16. Article 463 of the Penal Code is applicable to the cases mentioned in the three preceding Articles. ARTICLE 17. Shareholders representing one-twentieth at least of the capital can, in the common interest, depute at their expense one or more agents to institute suits against, or defend suits by, the managers or Committee of Inspection and to represent them in courts of justice and otherwise, without prejudice to the right of each shareholder to bring actions in his own name. ARTICLE 18. Companies existing before the Law of 17th July, 1856, and which have not complied with Article 15 of this Law, must within six months appoint a Committee of Inspection in conformity with the preceding provisions. In default of the appointment of the Committee of Inspection within the period above mentioned, every shareholder has the right to have the company dissolved. ARTICLE 19. Sociétés en commandite par actions, formed previously to the present law, which can by their statutes be transformed into Sociétés anonymes authorised by the Government, can be converted into Sociétés anonymes upon the conditions specified in Chapter II. of the present Law, by complying with the clauses contained in the statutes relating to the transformation. ARTICLE 20. The Law of the 17th July, 1856, is hereby repealed. TITLE II. OF Sociétés Anonymes. ARTICLE 21. Sociétés anonymes can henceforward be formed without the authorisation of the Government. They can be constituted, whatever may be the number of members, by a deed sous seing privé, executed in duplicate. Sociétés anonymes are subject to the provisions of Articles 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, and 36 of the Code of Commerce, and to the enactments contained in the present chapter. ARTICLE 22. Sociétés anonymes shall be conducted by one or more managers appointed for a certain time; they are revocable, whether salaried or otherwise, and chosen from amongst the members. These managers may elect a director from amongst them, or if the statutes permit it, appoint a person unconnected with the société, but for whose acts they remain responsible. ARTICLE 23. No company can be constituted with a number of members less than seven. ARTICLE 24. The provisions of Articles 1, 2, 3 and 4, of the present law apply to Sociétés anonymes. The deposition required of the manager by Article 1 shall be made by the founders (promoters) of the société anonyme, and shall be submitted, together with the documents in support thereof, to the first general meeting, which shall examine into its correctness. ARTICLE 25. A general meeting shall be, in all cases, convened by the promoters subsequent to the deposition proving the subscription of the capital, and the payment of the fourth in cash. This meeting appoints the first directors; and also, for the first year, the auditors mentioned in Article 32, infra. The directors cannot be appointed for more than six years; they are re-eligible, unless it be provided to the contrary. They can, however, be appointed by the Articles of Association, with a formal stipulation that their appointment shall not be submitted to the approval of the general meeting. In the latter case they cannot be nominated for more than three years. The report of the meeting must set forth that the directors and auditors present at the meeting have accepted the offices tendered. The formation of the Company dates from such acceptance. ARTICLE 26. The directors must own a certain number of shares provided for by the statutes of the Corporation. These shares shall constitute a security against the acts of the board of directors, even as regards acts appertaining personally to any one of the directors. They shall be made out to the name of the owner, and be inalienable, marked with a stamp denoting their inalienability, and deposited with the Company. ARTICLE 27. A general meeting shall be held, at least once in each year, at the time fixed in the Articles of Association. The statutes determine the number of shares that must be held, either as holder or as agent, for admission to the meeting, and the number of votes belonging to each shareholder, in proportion to the number of shares held by him. Nevertheless, in the general meetings convened to verify the “apports,” to appoint the first directors, and to examine the depositions of the promoters of the Society, prescribed in the second paragraph of Article 24, every shareholder, whatever may be the number of shares he possesses, may take part in the meeting with the number of votes accorded to him by the statutes; but he may not, in any case, use more than ten votes. ARTICLE 28. In all general meetings resolutions are passed by the majority of votes. A list of the members present is drawn up, containing their names and addresses and the number of shares held by each. This list, certified by the chairman of the meeting, must be deposited at the offices of the société, and be open to the inspection of all persons entitled to demand the same. ARTICLE 29. General meetings having to deal with matters other than those provided for in the two following Articles, must be composed of a number of shareholders, representing a quarter at least of the capital of the undertaking. If the general meeting does not fulfil this condition, a further meeting must be called, with the formalities and within the time mentioned in the statutes, and this latter meeting can pass valid resolutions, whatever may be the proportion of capital represented by the shareholders present. ARTICLE 30. Meetings for the purpose of approving contributions other than cash, of appointing the first directors, and of examining the deposition made by the promoters according to the terms of paragraph 2 of Article 24, must be composed of a number of shareholders representing one-half at least of the capital. The capital, of which the half must be represented for the approval of the “apport” shall be composed only of apports that do not require to be submitted to examination. If the general meeting is not composed of a number of shareholders representing one-half of the capital, it can only pass provisional resolutions. In this case a further meeting must be called. Two notices shall be published at eight days' interval, at least one month in advance, in one of the journals appointed for the insertion of legal advertisements, in order to advise the shareholders of the provisional resolutions passed at the first meeting, and these resolutions shall become final if they are confirmed by the new meeting, if composed of a number of shareholders representing one-fifth at least of the capital of the corporation. ARTICLE 31. Meetings which have to decide upon amendments to the statutes, or upon propositions to carry on the undertaking beyond the period fixed for its existence, or to dissolve the company before such term, are not regularly constituted and cannot pass valid resolutions, unless they are composed of a number of shareholders representing one-half at least of the capital. ARTICLE 32. The annual general meeting shall appoint one or more commissaires,” shareholders or otherwise, to prepare a report for the general meeting of the following year upon the financial condition of the corporation, the balance-sheet, and the accounts presented by the directors. A resolution approving the balance-sheet and accounts is void, unless it has been preceded by the report of the commissaires. In default of appointment of the commissaires by the general meeting, or in case of prevention or refusal of one or more of the commissaires appointed to act, the president of the Tribunal of Commerce of the principal office of the société shall proceed to appoint the same upon the petition of any party interested, the directors being duly convened. ARTICLE 33. During the three months preceding the period fixed by the statutes for the holding of the general meeting the commissaires have the right, whenever they deem it expedient in the interest of the société, to examine the books and investigate its operations. They can at any time, in case of urgency, call a general meeting. ARTICLE 34. Every Société anonyme shall draw up, every six months, a summary statement of its assets and liabilities. This statement shall be placed at the disposal of the commissaires. An inventory must also be drawn up every year, pursuant to Article 9 of the Code of Commerce, containing a list of the real and personal securities, and of all the assets and liabilities of the société. The inventory, the balance-sheet, and the account of profit and loss shall be handed to the commissaires four days at latest before the general meeting, and the same shall be presented to the meeting. ARTICLE 35. During fifteen days at least before the holding of the general meeting, every shareholder can inspect, at the principal office, the inventory and the list of shareholders, and obtain a copy of the balance-sheet containing a summary of the inventory, and of the report of the commissaires. ARTICLE 36. One twentieth, at least, of the nett profits must be set aside every year to form a reserve fund. The above deduction shall be no longer compulsory when the reserve fund amounts to one-tenth of the capital. ARTICLE 37. In case of the loss of three-fourths of the capital, the directors must call a general meeting of all the shareholders, to decide as to the expediency of winding up the company. The resolution of the meeting must, in every case, be made public. In case the directors fail to call a general meeting, and also in case it is not possible to obtain a quorum, any party interested can apply to the Court to dissolve the corporation. ARTICLE 38. The winding up may be ordered upon the petition of any party interested, when one year has elapsed since the date at which the number of members became reduced to less than seven. ARTICLE 39. Article 17 applies to Sociétés anonymes. ARTICLE 40. The directors are prohibited from receiving any interest, directly or indirectly, in any undertaking or transaction entered into by, with, or on account of the société, unless with the sanction of the general meeting. A special account must be rendered to the general meeting each year of the carrying out of the undertakings or transactions so authorised in the terms of the preceding paragraph. ARTICLE 41. Every Société anonyme which has not complied with the provisions of Articles 22, 23, 24, and 25 above mentioned, is void and of no effect as regards the members thereof. ARTICLE 42. When the Company has been dissolved, or the acts and resolutions thereof have been pronounced void, pursuant to the preceding Article, the promoters whose default has occasioned the same, and the directors in office at the time, are jointly and severally liable to third parties, without prejudice to the rights of the shareholders. The same liability attaches to these members whose “apports” or privileges have not been approved pursuant to Article 24. ARTICLE 43. The extent and effects of the liability of the commissaires to the société are determined according to the general rules legally applicable to agents. ARTICLE 44. The directors are liable, individually, or jointly and severally, to the société, or to third parties, according to the general rules of Law, either for infringements of the provisions of the present Law, or for faults committed by them in their management, especially for distributing, or allowing to be distributed, dividends that are fictitious. ARTICLE 45. The provisions of Articles 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the present Law apply to Sociétés anonymes, without distinction between those actually existing and those constituted pursuant to the present Law. Directors who, in the absence of an inventory, or by a false inventory, have distributed fictitious dividends, incur the penalties enacted by No. 3 of Article 15 relating to managers of Sociétes en commandite. The last three paragraphs of Article 10 are also applicable to Sociétés anonymes. ARTICLE 46. Sociétés anonymes which are in existence at the date of the present law, shall, for their entire duration, be subjected to the provisions which now govern them. They can be changed into Sociétés anonymes within the terms of the present Law by obtaining the authorisation of the Government, and complying with the forms prescribed for the modification of their statutes. ARTICLE 47. Limited Liability Companies can be converted into Sociétes anonymes within the terms of the present law, by conforming to the rules drawn up for the modification of their statutes. Articles 31, 37, and 40 of the Code of Commerce, and the Law of 23rd May, 1863, upon Limited Liability Companies are hereby repealed. TITLE III. SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO Sociétés WITH VARIABLE CAPITAL. ARTICLE 48. A stipulation can be made in the Statutes of every Société that the capital may be increased by successive payments made by the members, or by the admission of new shareholders, or be diminished by the total or partial withdrawal of the “apports” contributed. Sociétés whose statutes contain the above stipulation are subject to the following clauses irrespective of the general rules applicable to them according to their special constitution. ARTICLE 49. The capital shall not be fixed by the original statutes of the société at more than the sum of two hundred thousand francs. It may be increased by a resolution of a general meeting, year after year; each increase shall not exceed two hundred thousand francs. ARTICLE 50. The shares or share coupons shall be nominative, even when fully paid up; they cannot be less than fifty francs in value. They are not negotiable until after the definite constitution of the société. The negotiation of them can only take effect by means of transfers inscribed in the books of the société, and the statutes can give, either to the board or to the general meeting, the right to refuse such transfer. ARTICLE 51. The statutes shall fix an amount beneath which the capital must not be reduced by the withdrawal of the apports authorised by Article 48. The above amount must not be inferior to one-tenth of the capital. The société shall not be deemed definitely constituted until one-tenth be paid up. ARTICLE 52. Every member can retire from the société whenever he thinks fit, unless there are stipulations to the contrary, and unless such withdrawal would be in violation of Paragraph 1 of the preceding article. It may be stipulated that the general meeting shall have the right to decide by the majority fixed for the modification of the statutes, that one or more of the shareholders cease to belong to the société. A member ceasing to belong to the société, either by his own will or by decision of the general meeting, shall remain liable during five years to the shareholders and to third parties for all obligations entered into by him, and existing at the time of his withdrawal. ARTICLE 53. The société, whatever may be its form, may be legally represented in courts of law by the directors. ARTICLE 54. The société shall not be dissolved by the death, withdrawal, interdiction, bankruptcy or insolvency of one of the members; it remains undissolved as regards the other members. TITLE IV. PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE PUBLICATION OF THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION. ARTICLE 55. Within a month from the constitution of any mercantile company or partnership, a duplicate of the deed constituting the same, if it be sous seing privé, or a copy if the document be a notarial deed, must be filed in the offices of the justice of the peace, or of the Tribunal de Commerce of the place in which the company or partnership is established. The following papers shall be annexed to the deed of constitution of sociétés en commandite par actions, and sociétés anonymes : 1. A copy of the notarial deed, setting forth the subscription of the capital and the payment of a fourth; 2. A certified copy of the resolutions passed at the general meeting in the cases provided for by Articles 4 and 24. Apart from the above, when the société is anonyme, a duly certified list of the names of the subscribers, including their christian and surnames, professions and addresses, and the number of shares held by them respectively, must also be annexed as above. ARTICLE 56. Within the same period of one month, an extract from the Articles of Association, and from the documents annexed thereto, must be advertised in one of the journals appointed for the publication of legal notices. A copy of the journal, certified by the printer and legalised by the mayor and registered within three months of its date, shall be evidence of such insertion. The formalities prescribed by the preceding and present Articles must be complied with, or they will be void as regards the members, but such default cannot affect the rights of third parties. ARTICLE 57. The extract must contain the names of the members other than the shareholders or commanditaires; the firm, name, or title of the société, and the address of the principal office; the names and offices of the members entrusted with the management, direction, and signature on behalf of the Société, the amount of capital and amount of securities or property brought in or to be brought in by the shareholders or commanditaires; the date when the société is to commence operations and the duration of the undertaking, and the date when the deposits were made as above at the offices of the justice of the peace and Tribunal of Commerce. ARTICLE 58. The extract must state whether the société is en nom collectif, or en commandite simple, or en commandite par actions, or anonyme, or d capital variable. If the société is anonyme, the extract must show the amount of the capital in cash or otherwise, and the proportion of profits to be set aside as a reserve fund. Lastly, if the société is d capital cariable, the extract must state the sum beneath which the capital cannot be reduced. ARTICLE 59. If the société possesses several branches in various districts, the deposit required by Article 55 and the publication prescribed by Article 56 must be made in each of the districts. In cities divided into several districts the deposit need only be made at the greffe of the justice of the peace of the district in which the principal office is situate. ARTICLE 60. The extract of the deeds and documents deposited must be signed by the notary in the case of notarial or “public deeds,” and in the case of deeds “sous seing privé" by the members “en nom collectif,” by the managers in “sociétés en commandite,” and by the directors in “sociétés anonymes.” ARTICLE 61. The following are subject to the formalities and to the penalties prescribed by Articles 55 and 56: All deeds and resolutions made with the object of modifying the statutes, continuing the société beyond the term fixed for its duration, dissolving the same before that period and fixing the mode of liquidation, all changes and retirements of members, and all changes in the firm, name or title. The resolutions passed in the cases provided for by Articles 19, 37, 46, 47 and 49 above appearing are also subject to the provisions of Articles 55 and 56. ARTICLE 62. Documents relating to the increase or diminution of the capital in the terms of Article 48, or to the retirement of members other than managers or directors, taking place pursuant to Article 52, are not subject to the formalities of deposit and publication. ARTICLE 63. In the case of “sociétés en commandite par actions,” or “sociétés anonymes,” any person has the right to inspect the documents deposited with the justice of peace and at the Tribunal of Commerce, or even at his own expense to receive copies or extracts from the officer of the court, or from the notary. All persons can also insist upon having delivered to them, at the principal office, a certified copy of the statutes, upon payment of a sum not exceeding one franc. The documents deposited must be posted up prominently in the offices of the soeiété. ARTICLE 64. In all deeds, invoices, advertisements, publications and other documents, printed or in writing issued by sociétés anonymes or by sociétés en commandite par actions, the title must be always preceded or followed immediately by the following words, plainly written in full characters, “société anonyme,” or “société en commandite par actions,” and by a statement of the amount of the capital. If the société has availed itself of the provisions of Article 48, this fact must be mentioned by the addition of the words, “d capital variable.” Any infringement of the preceding clauses is punished with a penalty of from fifty to one thousand francs. ARTICLE 65. The provisions of Articles 42, 43,44,45 and 46 of the Code of Commerce are hereby repealed. TITLE V. OF Tontines AND OF INSURANCE COMPANIES. ARTICLE 66. Associations formed under the Tontine system, or of the nature of mutual or premium Life Assurance Companies, remain subject to the authorisation and the inspection of Government. Other species of insurance companies can be formed without authorisation. A réglement d'administration publique shall determine the conditions under which they can be constituted. ARTICLE 67. Insurance companies, designated in Paragraph 2 of the preceding Article, which are in actual existence, can place themselves under the regime which will be established by the réglement d'administration publique, without the authorisation of the Government, upon observing the forms and conditions prescribed for the modification of their statutes.


For Booking and Contact information:
Denise Hall is an ex-Business Owner turned Exit Strategist and Business Broker to Business Owners of the world. She knows how to play the “Finish Unfinished Business” game like no other.
Starting a business is a BIG deal.
Building it to become much more than a hobby is even BIGGER again.
In fact, building a Business into an Asset may result in it being possibly the largest asset you’ll ever own, if not second after your home. So NOT “Starting with the End in Mind” can result in all the blood, sweat, tears and money you’ve invested resulting in nothing!
According to recent statistics from the “Centre of Women’s Business Research USA”, only 3% of women-owned businesses reach $1 million revenue or more. Highlight women who are the primary breadwinner, that % is even lower no doubt. Denise is proud to feature in both categories.
In July 2011, Denise sold her last business for fair market value, the third she has owned, built and sold. It was in the Consulting, Learning, Training and Organisational Development arena, doing 7 figures at time of going to market, so it wasn’t one that could just be packed away without due consideration of its future.
Blend this breadth of experience and execution together with her sense of humour, and you can see why Denise is sort after.
From building a “Mother of a Business”, to finding a way to GET OUT as profitably and painlessly as possible, Denise paints a picture enabling all to see what needs to be done and how to do it, whether it be DIY or working along side her.
- Business Planning “in Reverse” = How to Start with the End in Mind (regardless of how old it is)
- Is your Business Ready to Sell if you get the tap on the shoulder?
- How to Successfully Buy a Business
- Buy | Sell Websites and Online Businesses


A free forex bonus is the most attractive type of bonuses in trading. You don’t need to top up your trading account to start trading. To receive a free bonus from any broker we have on the website you should sign up for a Forex trading account and provide a broker’s customer support with the information confirming your identity. Most often a fee bonus is credited automatically after the information you provided is verified.
A free bonus in forex is a tendency that is gaining more and more popularity. Due to this, a circle of potential participants of the foreign exchange markets became even wider. Actually, any person without own investment funds can become a trader today.
Safecap Investments Ltd
A no deposit bonus in forex is a unique thing as it allows trading under the same conditions as the owners of real trading accounts. To choose the most optimal offer for yourself, spend some time to study the conditions of receiving a no deposit bonus at several brokers.
Strange as it may seem but a no deposit bonus is also beneficial for a sponsorship broker. After a trader’s registration a broker receives a portion of the spread. As statistics shows, 5-10% of attracted traders bring quite a good profit at different trading intervals. Thus, for many brokers their expenses pay off.
A unique chance to become a real trader without a risk of losing own funds attracts everyone. The companies gain benefit from this approach and that is why the number of brokers offering no deposit bonuses is rapidly increasing. With the money you receive you can consider your emotional state and try a new strategy without risking the money leading to negative consequences.
Brokers don’t want to lose a new client and the money they gave to him during the first hours on Forex, so they actively provide a client with informational support. Experienced traders share their knowledge at special schools, they readily answer the questions, and hold seminars.
Some traders get so obsessed with receiving a no deposit forex bonus that they do their best to break the limits. The most widespread fraud is the second sign up. However, this is not the way to earn good money. You can sign up 20 times but if you are not aware of what you need to make a profitable trade, you won’t get more money. Besides, with each new signing up you’ll have to provide new passport data, new e-mail, another IP-address, and phone number. Eventually, the final result does not seem worth all your efforts.
The main disadvantage of a no deposit bonus is that it can turn out to be completely useless. A trader is not afraid at all that he can lose the no deposit bonus and it does not motivate him to make an effort to save the bonus. As a result, the rules of managing the capital are violated and a trader easily and quickly spends the money he received. Unfortunately, 9 out of 10 cases have such a scenario.


Liverpool Cathedral to receive £281,600 from second round of the Government’s Culture Recovery Fund
Liverpool Cathedral among more than 2,700 recipients to benefit from the latest round of awards from the £1.57 billion Culture Recovery Fund. This award will enable us to support jobs and ensure the maintenance of our building
Liverpool Cathedral in has received a grant of £281,600 from the Government’s £1.57 billion Culture Recovery Fund to help the organisation recover and reopen.
Nearly £400 million has been awarded to thousands of cultural organisations across the country including Liverpool Cathedral in the latest round of support from the Culture Recovery Fund, the Culture Secretary announced today.
Liverpool Cathedral’s much needed award of £281,600 will enable us to maintain our building and secure jobs after what has been a difficult year.
As a Grade I listed building and the largest cathedral in the UK, just keeping the building well maintained, safe, secure and clean costs upwards of £1 million a year – over a third of our regular annual income.
Like so many Liverpool institutions and businesses, the cathedral faces large deficits and has had to take strong measures to secure our financial footing. Recognising our role as an employer in an economically deprived area we have worked hard to preserve jobs. This award gives us more security in an uncertain world.
Over £800 million in grants and loans has already been awarded to support almost 3,800 cinemas, performance venues, museums, heritage sites and other cultural organisations dealing with the immediate challenges of the coronavirus pandemic.
This brings the Government's total investment across grants, capital and repayable finance from the Culture Recovery Fund so far to more than £1.2 billion across over 5,000 individual cultural and heritage organisations and sites.
The second round of awards made today will help organisations to look ahead to the spring and summer and plan for reopening and recovery. After months of closures and cancellations to contain the virus and save lives, this funding will be a much-needed helping hand for organisations transitioning back to normal in the months ahead.
Culture Secretary, Oliver Dowden, said:
“Our record breaking Culture Recovery Fund has already helped thousands of culture and heritage organisations across the country survive the biggest crisis they've ever faced.
Now we’re staying by their side as they prepare to welcome the public back through their doors - helping our cultural gems plan for reopening and thrive in the better times ahead."
The Very Revd Dr Sue Jones, Dean of Liverpool, said:
“It feels particularly timely that this wonderful news comes so close to Easter. We are thankful for this lifeline from the government. In the most difficulty year of my Christian ministry it is gratifying to receive some help for us to remain serving the city in the many ways we do. We had already taken great steps to survive through this time and there is much still to do. But this lifeline will help us to recover, to secure vital jobs and to keep reaching out to the city.
We are always mindful that we were built by the people, for the people and we want this grant to continue to help us serve Liverpool through being a catalyst for other investment, a place to attract people to the city and a spiritual and cultural focus for the city.”
Ros Kerslake, CEO of The National Lottery Heritage Fund, said:
“Spring is definitely here, bringing not only sunshine but that sense of optimism and hope for the future. We are all looking forward to heritage places and other visitor attractions reopening and I am very pleased that we have been able to support DCMS in delivering this vital funding to ensure the UK’s heritage sector can rebuild and thrive, boosting local economies, creating jobs and supporting personal wellbeing.”
Duncan Wilson, Chief Executive of Historic England, said:
“The value of our heritage sites and the people who run them has been amply demonstrated, as they have provided an anchor for so many of us through the dark days of the last year. Vital grants from the Culture Recovery Fund have helped them survive and will now help them recover, as the places we all cherish start to reopen in the months ahead.”
The funding awarded today is from a £400 million pot which was held back last year to ensure the Culture Recovery Fund could continue to help organisations in need as the public health picture changed. The funding has been awarded by the National Lottery Heritage Fund and Historic England as well as the British Film Institute and Arts Council England.


There are many elements that create Sales Process for an organization. At its simplest form, the client process involves developing leads, qualifying accounts, understanding needs, serving those needs with your product or service, handling objections and closing the sale. One of the more critical elements involves the delicate balance in the relationship between salespeople and the sales manager. Where many sales managers fall short is not in the managing of the client process above, but in defining sales accountability for each salesperson. As a sales manager have you established sales tools to monitor each salesperson’s productivity? Is there buy-in from the sales team on your process, goals, and direction? Is the team in a position to pivot if markets begin to fluctuate and goals are in jeopardy?
Here are five easy steps to keep your salespeople on track:
- Establish Revenue Goals: Every owner expects a reasonable profit from their business. How will your salespeople get there? Start with the established revenue goals of your company and determine what percentage of revenue will need to come from your team. Determine individual goals by territory size, product niche and opportunities to sell. Once established, have each salesperson sign off on their portion of the goal.
- Create Booking or Contract Goals: How many sales transactions will be needed to reach established revenue goals? Determine the average sale for your company and the effort needed to close the sales process. Create annual, monthly and weekly sales goals for the number of contracts needed to reach these revenue figures. Have each salesperson sign off on the effort.
- Determine Call Goals: How many solicitations will be needed to secure the contracts to reach revenue goals? Discuss with your salespeople their way of selling, eliminate any barriers that detract from “selling time,” and determine the amount of time it takes daily for phone calls, email solicitations and in-person meetings. Subtract any internal meetings and reporting and you are left with the maximum amount of sales time available within a day/week. Establish call goals accordingly to reach your established contract conversion level.
- Write Sales Action Plans (SAP): Do your salespeople have a path to follow to gain successful targets? Sales Action Plans are quite often referred to as the “compass” or “road map” for salespeople to follow to reach their goals. Well written SAPs clarify target markets, territories, hot industries, and usually, the best opportunities for success. Follow these steps to create “actionable” sales action plans:
- Create a time-line for each action. Typical assignments cover a one or two-week period. Set complete SAPs at three-month intervals.
- Sales Action Plan activity counts toward established Sales Call Goals.
- Everyone should participate. Create ownership from the salespeople by asking for their ideas and putting them into action. Have each salesperson sign off on their Sales Action Plan.
- Be flexible. As new sales opportunities arise, allow the salespeople to pivot and change the plan to what’s hot right now.
- Keep the salespeople on target. It’s easy to set aside Sales Action Plans when it gets busy.
- Hold Weekly Sales Meetings: With today’s technology, there is no excuse not to meet with your salespeople weekly to keep them accountable for their sales activity. Use what is in reach to stay in touch whether in-person, by conference call, Zoom Meetings, Skype, in groups or one on one. As sales manager, take a back seat in these meetings. Give your salespeople the chance to shine by letting them talk, to ask for feedback and to encourage others to keep moving forward.
Accounts Will Grow, Contracts Will Increase, and Revenues Will Rise.


We are a Wholesale Nursery that serves commercial customers both big and small, including Landscape Contractors, Designers, Landscape Architects, Home Builders, Garden Centers, and Professional Gardeners. We are a one stop shop offering needles, mulch, stone, straw, fertilizer, bagged soil, and grass seed along with shrubs, groundcovers, grasses, perennials, and trees from 4” containers to large B&B trees. We offer beautiful locally grown plants and trees as well as a large variety of items sourced from around the United States, and we are happy to locate any plant material you need.
We strive to exceed our customers’ expectations by providing superior nursery stock at fair prices to help you stretch your landscape budget and maximize profits. We understand that on time delivery service is crucial to your business success and ours.


37 Great Places For You To Sell Photographs Online
Would you like to sell your photographs online, and make money doing it?
Do you ever wonder how to sell photos online and earn money at the same time?
First, let me say that in my experience, it’s very hard to make a lot of money this way.
However it is possible to make some money on a regular basis when you sell your photographs online.
Try several ways to sell photos online, and some or most should bring in some sales.
With several small incomes added together they can build up into a decent amount of money.
In this article I’m going to list some of the best places to sell photos online, in no particular order.
A lot of these are stock photo agencies where you can offer your photos for commercial use.
Some offer websites that are designed to make it easy to sell photographs in various ways.
There are some where you upload photos and designs to be used on a range of goods for sale.
I use affiliate links on this website, and there are some on this page.
If you click on one and buy something from the website it refers you to, I will get a payment.
You will not pay any extra for your purchase when you buy through one of these links.
SmugMug hosts your website that you build with their templates and software.
You can sell prints, digital downloads, and a range of gifts featuring your photos as designs.
They have several different plans to suit all from hobby photographers to professionals.
SmugMug also have a feature where you can buy a website as a gift for someone.
2. Can Stock Photo
You can sell both your photos and video footage as Microstock on Can Stock Photo.
There’s a second way that you can earn money online with Can Stock Photo.
They have a referral programme where you can refer buyers to buy the images and footage they’ve listed.
At the same time they’ll pay you for referring new photographers as contributors to their library.
Visit Can Stock Photo
Zazzle doesn’t sell photos as prints or downloads, the sell gifts with designs that can be, or include photographs.
You upload your photographic designs, pick the gifts you want to sell them on, and they’re shown as a shop.
When someone buys a gift from your shop, featuring your design, you get paid.
There’s a vast amount of gifts to see, and others being added often, and a chance to make money.
There are a huge number of shops so your best chance is to promote you shop wherever you can.
Some people find and promote other peoples designs, and get paid a commission for it.
This means other people can promote your designs, and you can other peoples wares.
123RF is another Microstock Website that you can contribute to, and make sales.
They list photos, vectors, footage and audio, to be sold and earn money for their providers.
On their site they claim to have over 12 million active monthly users, a great place to sell photos online.
The offer an affiliate programme also, giving you another way to earn money online.
Squarespace is another company that provides hosting and templates to let you build a photography website.
These sites are not exclusively for photographers, they’re aimed at all creative people.
You can turn your site into a store and sell items directly from there.
There’s a huge list of companies and services that you can integrate your site with.
You should definitely check this one out before you decide on a website to use to sell photographs.
Redbubble is another platform where you can sell you photos as designs on products.
On these sites you can use the photos on their own or as part of a design.
The goal is to present them so that they can help sell the goods they decorate to sell.
They have a large range of goods that you can submit photos or designs for.
Shutterstock is another Microstock Agency where you can submit and sell photos.
Here as with all such sites you try to get as many photos accepted to their library.
The more you have accepted the better chance you have of making sales.
Join several agencies and try to get more that a thousand photos accepted on each one.
Shutterstock is one of the very best and definitely one that you should be a contributor to.
8. Big Stock Photo
Big Stock Photo is another Microstock Agency that you should join and contribute to.
The more photos you have listed on their platform, the more sales you’re likely to make.
A photo may sell on one stock website and fail to sell on another.
Most, if not all, are free to join, and when you have a photo prepared, submit it to several.
Visit Big Stock Photo
Fotomoto allows you to sell photos directly from your website in several ways.
It works with many website types including WordPress, Blogger, Flickr, Tumblr, Wix and many more.
You just add some code to your site and a Buy button appears next to your photographs.
They can be sold as Prints, Canvas Prints, Greeting Cards, Digital Downloads and more.
You set the prices that you want your photographs to sell for.
Fotomoto can print and fulfil the orders, or you can do so yourself.
Mostphotos is slightly different to most other Microstock Agencies in the way it accepts photographs for sale.
With most agencies your contribution have to be approved by the agency before being offered for sale.
With Mostphotos you can upload and offer your images for sale without having to be approved.
I’ve sold images through agencies that were rejected by other agencies, so they don’t always get it right.
You should only photos that could be accepted by stricter agencies though, don’t submit obviously flawed images.
For that reason alone this agency is well worth joining.
Panthermedia is another Microstock Agency that you might like to contribute your photographs to.
Photos are rarely good enough to submit to stock agencies as they’re shot without some touching up.
JPEGs can lose some of their data while they are being touched up, so it’s better to shoot RAW files.
They have more information in them and can be worked on much more vigorously than JPEGs.
The better you present your images the better chance they have of being sold.
Instaproofs provides you with an online gallery where you can upload and sell your photographs.
Your photographs can be sold both as digital downloads, or as prints.
You can use social media, e-mail or your own blog to get your gallery in front of eyes.
Instaproofs can organise fulfilling your print sales, or if you prefer.you can do so yourself.
There’s a free plan and four paid options, and they you for your sales through Stripe.
Weblium is another website builder that provides both hosting and templates to build your site.
It has template suitable for many different kinds of website not just photography.
You can build a completely free site which include unlimited storage and an SSL certificate.
Not every provider of free websites include features like that, which may be all you need.
14. Adobe Stock
Adobe Stock is yet another Microstock Agency which is part of Adobe.
This is the company responsible for Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Acrobat and some more software.
By joining this agency you know your working with a big, established and well respected company.
They’ve recently acquired Fotolia which was another top class agency.
Visit Adobe Stock
15. Cafe Press
Cafe Press is another print to order gift company where you can sell your photographs.
Rather gifts can be sold featuring you photos as, or as part of the design, printed on them.
Photos look great printed on Mugs, Towels, Canvas Prints and many more gifts.
All you have to do is provide the designs, the rest is done for you.
Visit Cafe Press
16. iStock Photo
iStock Photo, once again this is a Microstock Agency of which there are many.
If Microstock didn’t make money then all these providers wouldn’t exist.
By joining several agencies you can some of that money when you sell your photographs.
Include iStock Photo in the agencies where you sell photos and earn money online.
Visit iStock Photo
ETSY is a platform where you can set up a shop to sell your hand crafted or vintage items.
You can make, design or design and make the items you offer for sale.
ETSY must know what art you play and who does the rest.
You can sell photographs but you have to supply/organise the supply yourself.
To list your wares on ETSY you do have to pay a fee.
It can be a great platform but make sure you know and keep the rules.
Weebly provide all you need to build a photography website to start selling your photographs.
The websites are suitable for many types of business, not just photography.
Their sites are very much focused on selling and marketing, and want you to succeed in this.
You can have a free site, but it’s very basic, but it does include free SSL Security.
Society6 is another print to order gift platform where you submit photographs or other art as designs.
They list a range of items that can be sold with your designs printed on them.
There are many such companies and more being launched on an ongoing basis.
If you have the time you can join several and increase your chance of success.
depositphotos is a Microstock Agency whee you can sell photographs, vectors and videos.
Like many other of the websites that I’m listing in this article they have a partner or affiliate programme.
Joining these you can earn more money by referring people who buy other peoples work.
Sometimes you can earn more through your affiliate links than by sales of your own work.
On Snapped4U, you can upload and sell both portrait and event photographs.
While most of the sites that I list here are free to join, Snapped4U is an exception.
You have to pay to set up an account, and pay a commission on your sales.
The subjects of the portraits and events are also the photographers clients.
When photos are online, the photographer informs the subjects, who then buy their photos through Snapped4U.
Picfair lets you set the price you want to sell your photographs for, and they take a commission.
I’m not sure what category they belong to, the sell stock and also some print to order items.
While you can join for free, there’s a paid plan that offers much more.
Some of the prices being asked for here are mouth watering, in comparison to most stock sites.
Cutcaster is yet another Microstock Agency that you can sign up to and sell photographs through.
Like many other such agencies once you join you get the option of becoming an affiliate.
In this instance you can earn through your referrals for up to two years after they join.
Even better than that you can earn from both buyers and sellers that you refer, often it’s just buyers.
24. YAY Micro
YAY Micro is, you guessed it, another Microstock Agency, much the same as all the others.
It also has an affiliate programme that allows you to earn for two years.
In this case though you only earn through the purchases that the buyers you refer make.
However buyers are almost sure to buy photos while sellers may struggle to make sales.
Visit YAY Micro
Alamy is a Stock Agency that claims to pay the biggest commissions of any to photographers.
As ever you can join and see how much you can earn through them.
Most of these agencies have a minimum amount you have to earn before you get paid.
However with steady sales with several agencies your earnings can mount up and in time be worthwhile.
FineArtAmerica is another one of these companies that sell your designs on a range of products.
You can have a fee account which include all but a few of the features available.
However as a free member you can only upload twenty five images/designs.
Beyond that you have to pay a yearly fee, and twenty five images is not worth bothering with.
They set a price for an item, and you set the markup that you feel you can sell for.
Visit Fine Art America
Dreamstime is a Stock Agency with an affiliate programme where you can earn from your referrals for three years.
It applies to people you refer as both sellers and buyers of photographs.
It’s one of the agencies that offer contributors the chance os becoming an exclusive contributor, just to them.
Under this arrangement you can earn more from the sale of an image, but you can’t offer it to another agency.
Printful also takes your designs, prints them on a range of items and ships them to wherever.
Not all the items these companies produce look their best with a photograph printed on them.
Other items probably look better with a photograph than a graphic design.
You can produce designs that include a photograph or part of one in a unique image.
The goal is to produce popular and profitable designs whether they’re with, part of, or without photographs.
Crestock, as the name suggests is a Microstock agency, very much like the others.
They’ve got an affiliate programme but you only get paid for six months after those you refer, join.
Crestock like many other agencies off several different ways to buy/sell photographs.
Again if you’re going to sell your photographs as stock, join several agencies at least.
You may as well consider joining crestock as any other, they all add up.
Photoshelter is one the website providers that are specifically aimed at photography.
These sites are built to show off your photography at its very best, and it succeeds magnificently.
They also put an emphasis on e-commerce making it possible to sell a host of photographic products.
You can build your site with one of the templates provided, when you sign up.
There are three different plans to chose from, starting a $10 a month when billed annually.
Stocksy is another Stock Agency, featuring photographs and video, but they require their contributors to work exclusively with them.
They claim to pay the highest royalties in the industry, which for exclusivity, they should.
Some agencies offer exclusivity as an option but few, if any other, demand it.
There are pros and cons to being exclusive, but personally I’d prefer to take my chances with several agencies.
Imagekind can sell your photographs in the form prints, posters, canvas art and gift cards.
This is print on demand service but offers a much smaller product line than most other such companies.
They have a video online showing their workshop in production and it does look impressive.
You can sign up for a basic free account but there are paid plans that offer much more.
Pond5 is a Microstock Agency that sell Footage, Music, After Effects, Sound Effects, Illustrations, and 3D Models, plus Photographs.
Unlike most Microstock sites, photographs seem to be an after thought, with video the main focus.
If you do video as well as photos this could be the place to start selling stock.
If you mainly shoot stills then I wouldn’t start here, I’d leave it until I had accounts with several others first.
Visit Pond 5
Zenfolio provides websites for photographers only, as several other providers do, built on provided templates.
There’s a range of templates and you can chose the one like, and want to build your site on.
Also there’s three plans to chose from starting at $5 a month, provided you decide to pay annually.
There’s several of these providers so you should check them all before you decide which you’ll sign up to.
Instaprints is a print to order company with a big and growing product line, much like other similar companies.
As with stock sites, if you have the time and patience, you can join several of these sites.
Your designs can be photographs, graphics or a combination, as on most such websites.
It’s unlikely that you’ll get rich one one site, buy combine several. and a few stock agencies, and who knows.
EyeEm is a Stock Agency where you can sell photographs, which is standard with these websites.
The website is a little vague but it appears that it’s possible to pick up photography and video work through them.
They don’t require exclusivity, which is the same for most stock agencies, and something I like.
These look like an interesting agency but they could tell a little more on their website.
CustomCat is another print on demand website with a big range of products you can design for.
Most of these sites list sellers shops or product gallery’s, but these don’t.
They have guides on marketing, but I think you have to find your own markets.
I wouldn’t start my print on demand journey here, but I would consider it in time.
Are you ready to sell photographs
The markets I’ve discussed here mainly fall into three categories, personal websites, stock sites and print on demand sites.
You only want one website, so check out as many as you can before you decide on one.
To sell photographs as stock, join several sites, and give yourself a better chance to earn money online.
Some sites will accept photograph that other sites will reject, and you won’t figure out why.
If you just decide to join one site, you won’t spend as much time submitting images, but you’ll only have one chance to succeed.
With print on demand sites it’s unlikely any of your designs will be rejected, unless the fall into the usual no-go areas.
If you have a lot of photographs, you have nothing to loose, except time, if you try to sell some.


Digitization is an important trend that has affected the construction industry on many levels. For example, the growing use of BIM is changing the construction process and the increase in online orders is affecting purchasing channels. Digitization will also affect the ways in which construction professionals gather information about products and solutions, which means that the media channels used by manufacturers to market building materials and products can also be used.
That is why we often interview suppliers about what media channels they use to gather information and focus on construction products and markets. In a previous article, we discussed a virtual trade fair that seemed to be a digital alternative to a physical trade fair that had been canceled due to a pandemic. What about the use of contractors by other media channels? Is it possible that there is also a trend towards digitization or a lack of pandemic effect? This is what we interviewed 950 vendors in Europe about the Q4 2021 report on USP Marketing Consultancy’s Contractor Monitor, which focuses on media orientation of vendors from eight European countries.
The use of suppliers’ media channels has not changed much in two years
The use of the six media channels included in our study by European suppliers has not changed much in two years. For example, the proportion of suppliers who cite the use of websites or manufacturers’ representatives as sources of information is still 90%. Similarly, the share of suppliers using brochures from manufacturers, wholesalers’ websites and digital newsletters in 2021 is the same as in 2019.
Regarding media channels that show a change in use, the share of suppliers looking for exchanges has decreased significantly. As we mentioned in the previous article, this is due to COVID-19 bans. Other changes of use are relatively subtle. The use of specialist magazines seems to have declined somewhat, while wholesale representatives have been more busy in the last two years. Meanwhile, the share of entrepreneurs using social media has increased from 49% in 2019 to 57% in 2021, and the most significant increase is seen in the use of mobile applications, from 46% to 59%.
Digitization or non-digitization?
As already mentioned, the changes are not or are more serious and at first sight do not reflect the trend of digitization in media use. Sure, the increase in mobile application and social media use can be seen as evidence of the digitalisation of media use, but it is easy to link this increase to a pandemic.
If you look at what vendors expect in the future, this picture will change. The use of digital media, such as the websites of manufacturers and wholesalers, digital newsletters and especially mobile applications and social media, is more often expected to be increased by suppliers. In the meantime, traditional media such as brochures from manufacturers, trade magazines and print newsletters are often expected to decline. These expectations revealed a slow transition from traditional to digital media.
Although the trend of digitization is less visible in the above-mentioned development of media use by European entrepreneurs, it is important to realize that the ethics and behavior of these entrepreneurs may differ from country to country. To find out where the trend towards digitization is stronger or which countries have traditional origins as more sustainable, we refer you to the Q4 2021 Supplier Monitoring Report from USP Marketing Consultancy.


A recent report into personal finance has created something of a stir in Government circles with the majority of the UK population apparently confused by the vast array of financial products available.
The report confirmed the Governments worst fears with less than 4 in 10 of the UK population saving for their retirement – which will surely result in an even greater strain on the UK Pension system in the future.
It seems that there is still much work to do to educate the UK public with regards to saving for their future retirement, how to budget and looking beyond the short term. This has further strengthened the call for more detailed financial planning to be taught at school, ensuring that the younger generation are more aware of their future requirements.
Why are people not planning for the future?
Of the reasons mentioned for this lack of long term planning were:
- Confusion with regards to the cost of financial products.
- A belief that the state would provide for people in the future.
- Scepticism with regards to the financial industry (recent mis-selling scandals).
- The cost of living.
When you bear in mind the fact that the UK has one of the most developed financial markets in the world, it does seem strange that the general public are not planning for their future.
The longer this situation continues the more chance of firmer Government intervention which would be sure to cause resentment with the UK population.
Did You Opt Out OF SERPS? Was It The Right Move?
It has recently been announced that the number of complaints from people who were potentially mis-sold State Pension opt out plans soared last year. Rising from 115 in 2005 to 954 in 2006, there is concern that many many more people may have been wrongly advised.
The plans centred around the opportunity to leave the State Earnings Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) or the more recent State Second Pension (S2P) and receive a national insurance rebate to start the new pension plans.
The problem is that while everything was upfront, and all payments were in line with the guidelines, there were some pretty hefty commissions paid. These commissions not only effect the short term value of the funds, but also result in less money to reinvest (and hopefully grow year on year) – with some people up to 40 years from retirement, the results could be fairly dramatic.
The Financial Services Authority are now suggesting that up to 120,000 people may have been mis-sold these plans and wrongly advised to opt out of SERPS / S2P. The industry will be undergoing yet another review of individual cases, in a chilling scenario to the more recent pension mis-selling scandal.
While it is estimated that the average loss per person will only be in the region of £7 a week, this can add up to a fairly hefty sum for those who enjoy a long retirement. It seems that every time the government try to sort out the pensions problem in the UK, another problem appears. This is starting to have a serious effect on the publics trust of the industry, and will not help the governments long term target to reduce the state pension liability.


In the world of logistics, methods, and systems that can simplify and streamline the supply chain while cutting costs are constantly being refined and customized to better benefit individual businesses. Cross-docking is one such method.
Cross-docking is the practice of unloading freight from an inbound load, and then loading it directly into an outbound shipment with little to no storage in-between. Essentially, when companies use the cross-docking method, a distribution center functions more as a sorting center than an actual storage or warehouse facility.
Overall, cross-docking is highly cost effective for any business with high-volume shipments and considerable transportation needs. Switching from the traditional distribution center model can prove cost-beneficial as well for companies looking to increase inventory turns and reduce material handling.
To find out how RFMX can help you utilize our cross-docking method, please email [email protected] or call direct 303-564-3355.


Tim Draper is founding partner of leading venture capital firms Draper Associates and DFJ.
Tim's original suggestion to use viral marketing in web-based email to geometrically spread an Internet product to its market was instrumental to the successes of Hotmail, YahooMail, and Gmail and has been adopted as a standard marketing technique by thousands of businesses.
Venture successes include Skype, Overture, Baidu, Tesla, Theranos, Parametric Technology, Hotmail, Digidesign, Twitch.tv, and hundreds of others.
As an advocate for entrepreneurs and free markets, Tim is regularly featured as a keynote speaker in entrepreneurial conferences throughout the world, has been recognized as a leader in his field through numerous awards and honors, and has frequent TV, radio, and headline appearances.
He was ranked 52 on the list of the 100 most influential Harvard Alumni, and seven on the Forbes Midas List. He was named Always-On #1 top venture capital deal maker. He was awarded the Commonwealth Club's Distinguished Citizen Award for achievements in green and sustainable energy.
To further encourage entrepreneurship, Tim started BizWorld.org, a non-profit for children to learn entrepreneurship, Draper University of Heroes, a school for entrepreneurs 18-28, and he leads SixCalifornias, an initiative to improve the governance of California.


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Small companies are the lifeblood of the economy and serve as the backbone of innovation for the future. SimuTech Group can help get your product to market quickly, all while saving your company time and money.
As a Startup Partner, you’ll have opportunities for marketing with SimuTech and Ansys as well as full technical support for your software bundles to help get your products launched.


Wastewater Collection & Treatment
PBCSD owns and maintains 74 miles of sewer collection and interceptor lines and eight lift stations. District employs six full-time personnel who maintain the sewer collection system as well as the reclaimed water distribution system.
PBCSD contracts with the Carmel Area Wastewater District (CAWD) for sewer treatment services. According to the contract entered into 1968, PBCSD has access rights to one-third of the CAWD's treatment plant's capacity by contributing to one-third of plant capital items costs. PBCSD also shares the treatment plant operations, maintenance and administrative (O&M) costs which amounts to about 40% of the plant O&M costs.
PBCSD levies a sewer user fee on property owners to pay for the annual CAWD sewer treatment plant O&M costs. Sewer user fees are collected for the District by the Monterey County Tax Collector's Office on the property tax bills.
The District's sewer line replacement project uses a non-invasive "pipe bursting" technique that does not require tearing up roadways.