{"url": "http://dialog-prod.sites.silverstripe.com/students/edmonton-ab-371bc-university-of-alberta-gordon-f-anderson-dialog-graduate-scholarship-in-structural-engineering/", "date": "2022-12-08T09:04:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711286.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20221208082315-20221208112315-00177.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9546767473220825, "token_count": 451, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__265848134", "lang": "en", "text": "Established in partnership with the University of Alberta in 2001, this scholarship is intended to encourage students to pursue advanced study in structural engineering. It is awarded annually to a student entering the first year of a graduate program.\nThe scholarship is for $5,000, payable at the end of the first successful term of enrollment.\nThe scholarship recipient will have the opportunity to participate in a two-week internship with the DIALOG Edmonton structural engineering team.\nAbout Gordon F. Anderson\nGord began his career in structural engineering after earning his Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering (with distinction) from the University of Alberta in 1962. He joined DIALOG (then Cohos Evamy) in the 90s, applying his creativity and design excellence to the conceptual and detailed structural design of public and commercial buildings, including landmark projects such as the Francis Winspear Centre for Music, the Kaye Edmonton Clinic, and a remarkable five buildings for the University of Alberta’s Faculty of Engineering.\nIn addition to his role on projects, Gord was a beloved mentor to the structural engineering team, helping to groom and provide guidance to those following in his footsteps. Gord retired in 2016.\n- Who’s eligible\nFull-time students enrolled in the first year of the University of Alberta's MEng, MASc, or PhD program who:\n- Have an outstanding overall academic record\n- Demonstrate potential as a researcher\n- Have excellent communication skills\n- How to apply\nComplete the Apply Now form below and attach the following:\n- A letter that describes your qualifications and career plans\n- A current academic transcript\n- Your curriculum vitae\n- Application deadline\nApplications will be accepted annually between September 1 and November 15. Letters of notification will be sent to all applicants in December.\n- How the recipient is selected\nSenior members of the DIALOG structural engineering team will review the applications and rate them using the following criteria to determine the recipient.\n- Interest in the structural engineering field, especially building or bridge engineering\n- Demonstrated potential as a researcher\n- Overall academic record\n- Communication skills\n- Community involvement\n- Ready to start your journey?", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://h2berlin.org/en/berliner-wasserbetriebe-2/", "date": "2021-06-14T08:29:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487611641.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20210614074543-20210614104543-00286.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9362873435020447, "token_count": 166, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__189749632", "lang": "en", "text": "One way of regulating the fluctuating energy supply from renewable resources with the help of wastewater treatment plants and integrating it into the supply grid is to convert electrical energy into more storable forms of energy like hydrogen.\nThe potential here lies in the production of hydrogen in conjunction with the generation of our own electricity through wind energy and coupling with wastewater treatment. The pure oxygen produced in addition to hydrogen during electrolysis can be used locally to produce ozone for the removal of trace substances or for the aeration required in the biological purification stage of sewage treatment plants. In addition, the plasmalysis process of the technology partner Graforce will be used to produce hydrogen directly from the sewage water.\nThe pilot plant is scheduled to go into operation in May 2021. Subsequently, it is planned to use hydrogen to fuel the vehicle fleet.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.oakleafeltd.com/index.php/insurance-repairs/leaks-and-water-damage/", "date": "2017-05-29T05:43:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463612018.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20170529053338-20170529073338-00274.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9738816618919373, "token_count": 405, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-22__0__119403003", "lang": "en", "text": "Repairs for Water Leaks, Burst Pipes & Flood Damage\nNo matter how small water leaks may appear, the effects of a burst pipe can quickly escalate and cause significant damage in a property. When water does leak, the incident must be dealt with quickly and thoroughly to prevent more serious damage from occurring.\nWe at Oakleafe understand that when it comes to leak repairs, damage can be significant and will only become worse if the issue is not resolved with a high level of competence. For this reason, we always ensure that:\n- The cause of the water damage is traced and rectified immediately.\n- The area is made safe.\n- All materials are fully dried by the latest mechanical means.\n- The area and surrounding area affected by water and flood damage is restored to its pre-incident condition\nWater is known as the universal solvent for very good reasons. Where water leaks cause damage, the water has the ability to corrode and magnify existing life forms such as mould and bacteria. It can also cause various other damaging effects ranging from cracking and swelling of products to faults in electrical components.\nPrimary Damage & Secondary Damage\nWe are experts at identifying all types of damage. We have been looking at water damaged buildings as a company for over 140 years! With leak repairs, damage caused by the initial water is called primary damage and the effects are usually instantly identifiable. However, it is always harder to see the secondary damage because this is caused by the moisture changing from liquid to vapour and travelling throughout the building. When the vapour re-forms in condensation, it is absorbed by porous materials, creating damage that could become visible in several weeks, months or even years time.\nWhen it comes to water leaks and flood damage, secondary damage and its subsequent effects are often preventable. However, you must ensure that all water damage repairs are identified & conducted thoroughly and professionally by an experienced and qualified team, which is exactly what we will provide you with at Oakleafe.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.ci.bristol.ct.us/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=1168", "date": "2022-07-06T21:40:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104678225.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20220706212428-20220707002428-00368.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9307891726493835, "token_count": 918, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__138803108", "lang": "en", "text": "June 2, 2022\nThe City of Bristol’s Department of Public Works is scheduled to reconstruct the following roads starting Tuesday, June 7, 2022:\nWestwood Road (House #73 to #244)\nThe work will consist of reclaiming (pulverizing) the existing roadway pavement and installing a new bituminous roadway surface and curbing. The work is being performed due to the deteriorated condition of the roadway surface. The existing horizontal and vertical alignment of the road will not be substantially altered. The sequence and scope of work will consist of the following:\n1. Paint marks will appear on the roadway indicating location of existing public utilities within the project area. Residents with sprinkler heads located between the curb and front of concrete walk are advised to remove them from the area or contact the City Engineering Division to ensure that they will not be disturbed.\n2. City contractor will remove curbs.\n3. The contractor hired by the City will reclaim (pulverize) the existing roadway surface. The process crushes the existing pavement. The roadway surface will be passable and access to properties will be provided. Dust from the roadway surface may occur, however, water will be applied to the surface to reduce its impact. Please note that the pulverizing equipment does cause vibration and residents are advised to relocate items within their house that may fall due to vibrations. The City reclaims roads on a yearly basis and damage associated with vibrations are extremely rare, however, residents are advised to safeguard valuable items.\n4. The contractor will regrade and reshape the roadway surface. The roadway will be excavated (lowered) by approximately 8 inches during construction in order to install a roadway base of reclaimed pavement or new process stone. During this period, access to driveways may be temporarily reduced during daytime hours.\n5. Mailboxes may be temporarily disturbed; however they will be reset to maintain delivery of mail. If mail is not delivered please contact the City immediately to resolve the issue.\n6. Once the roadway base (crushed stone) is established (graded/shaped and compacted) the first layer of asphalt will be installed on the roadway surface.\n7. New curbing will be installed on the initial pavement layer.\n8. New driveway aprons (pavement between edge of road and front of walk) may be installed. A driveway apron will be constructed with a lip of 1.5 inches from the final course of pavement; therefore the driveway will have a 3 inch lip until the final course of pavement is installed. To reduce the 3 inch lip temporary pavement ramp and/or boards will be installed.\n9. The lawn areas disturbed during construction will be loamed and seeded. Property owners are encouraged to water the areas to promote growth of grass.\n10. Property owners with lawn sprinklers located within the City’s roadway right of way (along the road) shall notify the City prior to the start of work and shall remove sprinklers from the project work area (1.5 feet behind curbing/edge of road). Please note that the City is not responsible for the damage of sprinklers in the referenced area.\n11. Property owners with invisible dog fences located within the City’s roadway right of way (along the road) shall notify the City prior to the start of work and shall remove from the project work area (1.5 feet behind curbing/edge of road). Please note that the City is not responsible for the damage of dog fences in the referenced area.\n12. The final course of asphalt will be applied approximately within 4 weeks after the initial course of pavement.\nOnce work commences it will take approximately 4 weeks to complete the majority of the work through the first layer of pavement (i.e. not including final course of pavement)\nThe road will remain open during construction, however residents are encouraged to take alternate routes to avoid delays. Access to residential properties will be maintained throughout construction.\nAdditional notification will be forthcoming if there are revisions to the proposed project scope or schedule. On behalf of the City, I apologize for any inconvenience this project may cause and would like to thank you in advance for your cooperation.\nPlease feel free to contact Nancy Levesque, P.E. or Jason Morrocco in the City Engineering Division at 860-584-6125 with any questions or concerns.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.aldershotconservatives.com/news/topping-out-union-yard", "date": "2023-11-30T21:39:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100232.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130193829-20231130223829-00598.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9227586388587952, "token_count": 142, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__6937395", "lang": "en", "text": "A huge milestone for Aldershot town centre this afternoon, as we celebrated the progress of our redevelopment work with a topping out ceremony at Union Yard.\nThe ceremony marks the completion of the building's concrete structure and councillors, staff and representatives from the Hill Group joined together to pour the topping concrete on the roof.\nWe expect Union Yard to be completed by summer 2024 and the scheme will offer 100 new town centre homes, accommodation for 128 local students, alongside a mixture of retail, commercial and community space in the heart of the town centre. Among the features will be a makers’ yard, with a new public square and creative space for small and independent businesses.\nSource: Rushmoor Borough Council", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.prestontphillips.com/leedtownhouse.htm", "date": "2017-04-28T23:36:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917123102.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031203-00382-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.931952178478241, "token_count": 689, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__157812182", "lang": "en", "text": "NEW YORK TOWNHOUSE\nNEW YORK, NY\nThe New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission has approved the design of the first single family residence to be newly constructed in Manhattan's Upper East Side Historic District in decades. The vote was 8 -2 in support of the design by Bridgehampton Architect Preston T. Phillips in association with Abelow / Sherman Architects of New York City.\nThe 10,000 sq. ft., five story Limestone and glass townhouse will replace an historic 1881\nbrownstone destroyed in an explosion in 2006. The new townhouse will have a sunken living\nroom opening to a south facing courtyard. A waterfall forms the backdrop for the courtyard and\nwill cascade into the level below which houses an indoor pool and spa. Light will filter into the\npool from glass paving in the courtyard above. The roof terrace will be planted with native trees, shrubs, wild flowers and grasses.\nFollowing are excerpts from The Landmarks Preservation Commission Certificate of\nAppropriateness Resolution dated October 30, 2007. Construction is projected to begin in July 2013.\nEXCERPTS FROM THE NEW YORK CITY LANDMARKS PRESERVATION COMMISSION\n\"In reviewing this proposal, the Commission noted that the brownstone rowhouse, designed by L.\nD. Russell and J. B. Wray and built in 1881 - 1882, which previously occupied the site was\ndestroyed by an explosion in 2006.\nWith regard to the proposal, the Commission found that the construction of a new building on\nthis vacant lot will enhance the character of the historic district by reinforcing the street wall, a\nsignificant, consistent feature of the historic district:......\nthat while contemporary in design and details, the new building will relate well to the streetscape\nand historic district through the use of scale, materials, and the hierarchy and organization of\nfacade elements: that the prominent variations in planes at the front facade of the proposed\nbuilding will be in keeping with the character of many of the district's modern buildings, which\nfeature an emphasis on simple geometric forms and reflect a significant, evolutionary\ndevelopment of design within the Upper East Side Historic District:.......\nthat the placement and design of the ground floor entrance door, window and planter will be well\nintegrated into the design of the building and consistent with the open and welcoming entrances\nof residential buildings throughout the district.......\nthat the projecting bay will be evocative of the vertical bays and other features found on the\nhistoric townhouses in the historic district and will create an animated facade that relates to the\nrichly articulated historic townhouse facades in the district:.......\nthat the prominent horizontal divisions of the building will utilize the vocabulary of base, shaft,\nand termination/capital, common to the buildings throughout the district and those horizontal\nfeatures, along with the vertical bay, will recall the traditional facade elements of townhouses in\nthis historic district; that the cantilevered overhang at the roof will be evocative of the elaborate\ncornices and dramatic roof line treatment found on buildings in this historic district:.......\nand that the work supports the special architectural and historic character of the Upper East Side\nHistoric District. Based on these findings, the Commission determined the work to be\nappropriate to the building and the historic district and voted to approve the application.\"", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://amms2020.org/2021/10/22/new-asphalt-treatment-can-lower-temperatures-and-eliminate-pollutant-particles-while-lengthening-life-of-roads/", "date": "2023-02-08T18:07:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500837.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20230208155417-20230208185417-00683.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9479947686195374, "token_count": 448, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__46023768", "lang": "en", "text": "A spray-on treatment for asphalt roads aims to curb both their contribution to the urban island heat effect, and stop them from breaking so easily.\nBased on titanium-dioxide, it not only reflects and scatters away sunlight and ultraviolet light, keeping the surface of sidewalks and roads cooler, but it also creates a chemical reaction when exposed to sunlight that clears away airborne pollutants.\nEven considering these two qualities, the product itself, while still in development, is being marketed as a “road rejuvenator” and is meant to help asphalt retain its flexibility and prevent it from cracking over its lifespan.\nPavement Technology has been trialing their titanium dioxide spray alongside Texas A&M University, to whom they’re sending samples of air quality taken alongside road core samples from asphalt treated with their spray.\nEarly results are promising, and the company claims a one mile-stretch of road treated with their road rejuvenator reduced levels of nitrogen oxide (NOx) by 30% to 40% in the surrounding air, or the equivalent of a 20-acre park.\nTitanium dioxide is commonly found in sunscreens, as it’s effective at reflecting sunlight.\nBlack tarmac and concrete buildings all packed closely together creates the now-infamous urban island heat effect, where the sun heats these surfaces up during the day, and they in turn radiate that heat outward towards everyone and everything, and prevent cities from cooling down in the evening.\nDepending on the size, density, and climate in the city, this can raise average daily temperatures by anywhere from 4°F in a city like Adelaide to 14°F in one like Singapore. As a compliment to green spaces and green rooftops which effectively disperse heat, the two could be used in tandem to largely cancel out the urban island heat effect.\nBeyond that, the spray replaces maltenes in the road—compounds found in the black oily bitumen component of asphalt, which keeps the roads working for longer.\nThis not only reduces the emissions needed for road repairs and the heavy machinery they rely on, but also the emissions from traffic slowdowns related to roadwork, a boon which commuters into any metropolitan area can celebrate.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.lowslopesolutions.com/inspections", "date": "2018-03-17T06:30:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257644701.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20180317055142-20180317075142-00734.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8915380835533142, "token_count": 349, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__21232115", "lang": "en", "text": "When information counts, you need a roofing specialist with the experience and technology to evaluate the current condition of your roof.\nFrom membrane concerns to moisture infiltration, Low-Slope Solutions has the expertise and technology to evaluate the current condition of your roof. Our roof inspections use innovative technology to analyze the condition of your roof and prevent costly repairs or replacement. With a thorough explanation of deficiencies and repair recommendations, Low-Slope Solutions provides you with the information necessary to prioritize repairs and estimate future expenditures.\nRoof inspections can identify problems related to:\n| ||SEVERE WEATHER:|\nDamage from high winds, hail, snow, or other weather events may cause significant damage and trigger insurance claims or roof replacement. Regular inspections call attention to weathered areas that may lead to water infiltration and further roof deterioration.\nBroken skylights are not only a source of water leakage, but also allow thieves to enter the building. Regular inspections can disclose security breaches and prevent the threat of vandalism or burglary.\nDamage can occur from tradesmen performing regular maintenance on rooftop units or failing to clean up their debris. Regular inspections from LSS incorporate roof cleaning and assess for water infiltration caused by other service professionals.\n| ||DRAINAGE ISSUES:|\nGood drainage is a very important reason for regular roof inspections. Leaves and other debris often clog roof drains and creating standing water conditions. Regular roof inspections allow for regular roof cleaning and prevent the buildup of debris.\n| || VEGETATION DAMAGE:|\nVegetation can grow on roofs when drainage areas are not cleaned regularly. When tree roots penetrate the roof membrane, water infiltration will occur. Regular inspections can prevent vegetation growth and further damage.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://kiasma.fi/en/about-kiasma/architecture/materials/", "date": "2018-10-19T19:25:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583512434.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20181019191802-20181019213302-00535.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9388978481292725, "token_count": 311, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__9931855", "lang": "en", "text": "The curved roof of the building is made of solid zinc with just a few tenths of a per cent of titanium and copper. As the metal ages, it acquires a slightly darker patina.\nThe vertical windowless elevations are made of aluminium, which is resistant to the maritime climate in Helsinki. They were sandpapered by hand with horizontal strokes, giving the aluminium a surface that refracts light.\nThere are reddish surfaces on the south and north elevations of the building. These are made from acid-reddened textured brass, treated with heat and chemicals.\nThe building’s big curved glass wall is made from Reglit glass u-blocks, which are mainly used in industrial buildings. The greenish element has been removed from the building’s glass walls and gallery windows in order to ensure that the light entering the building is natural daylight. Most of the glass surfaces are sandblasted, using aluminium oxide or silicon dioxide instead of sand. This creates a prismatic surface that refracts the light beautifully. The other glazed walls are steel curtain walls.\nThe walls and ceilings are of white plaster, with the aim of creating tranquillity and simplicity.\nThe floor is dark grey, almost black, concrete. The high curved concrete wall of the foyer is concrete cast in a horizontal board mould and painted white.\nThe walls of Kiasma Theatre are reddish plywood. The control booth is upholstered in fabric that gives the impression of dark blue velvet.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://great-plains-communications.topdoghrrecruiting.com/job/322976/construction-workers-sign-on-bonus", "date": "2022-01-23T09:08:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320304217.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20220123081226-20220123111226-00523.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9082643389701843, "token_count": 175, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__218261247", "lang": "en", "text": "Construction Workers - Sign-on Bonus\nGreat Plains Underground Construction is looking for laborers to install communication and utility infrastructures in the Kearney, Nebraska area. Must be able to operate construction equipment and tools, including trenchers, backhoes, bulldozers, skid loaders, tractors, and trucks. Must also be able to dig and lift up to 50 pounds frequently. Valid driver’s license is a must.\nEarn $18 to $21 an hour, based on experience. Extra compensation provided to CDL-licensed employees. Sign-on bonus of $500 available upon hire, with additional bonuses throughout your first year of employment.\nVarious work hours, overtime, and weekly travel required. Overnight travel expenses and meals paid.\nExcellent benefits package available.\nApply online at www.gpcom.com/careers.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.foundationelectrical.com.au/single-post/spotlight-series-davey-shallow-well-165s", "date": "2024-03-01T01:51:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474893.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229234355-20240301024355-00240.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9238253831863403, "token_count": 160, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__33687674", "lang": "en", "text": "Spotlight Series: Davey Shallow Well 165S\nThe Davey Shallow Well 165S pump is a versatile and reliable option for various residential and light commercial applications. With its single-phase motor and IP56 rating, this pump is designed for long-term protection against vermin, dust, and water.\nOne of the standout features of this pump is its ability to withstand high ambient temperatures and extreme variations in supply voltage. This makes it well-suited for use in harsh environments where other pumps may struggle to operate effectively.\nThe Davey Shallow Well 165S’s ability to suck water from 7.5m below while outputting up to 830kPa and moving up to 53L per minute makes the pump a reliable option in harsh and remote areas.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.chmura.com/blog/2012/december/20/governor-mcdonnell-announces-that-commonwealth-signs-comprehensive-agreement-and-reaches-financial-close-to-build-the-new-route-460-in-southeast-virginia", "date": "2021-06-19T08:34:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487647232.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20210619081502-20210619111502-00624.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.93985915184021, "token_count": 1804, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__202244610", "lang": "en", "text": "Governor McDonnell Announces That Commonwealth Signs Comprehensive Agreement and Reaches Financial Close to Build the New Route 460 in Southeast Virginia\n– Project to greatly improve transportation, create thousands of jobs and have a multi-billion dollar economic impact –\nRICHMOND - Governor Bob McDonnell announced today that the Commonwealth has reached a commercial and financial close with US 460 Mobility Partners (a partnership of Ferrovial Agroman, S.A. and American Infrastructure) and the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia to finance, design and build a new 55-mile section of U.S. Route 460 in southeastern Virginia. Project development begins immediately for the new $1.4 billion roadway, which has been a top transportation priority locally, regionally and statewide for nearly a decade. The project was developed to address roadway deficiencies, improve safety, accommodate increasing freight shipments and reduce travel delays among many other needs.\n\"As recognized by local officials and the General Assembly years ago, there is a clear and critical need for the new U.S. 460,\" said Governor McDonnell. \"In 2000, the Virginia Transportation Act designated U.S. 460 as a high priority in southeastern Virginia. In 2003, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) to build a new stretch of U.S. 460 under the Public-Private Transportation Act of 1995. Legislative leaders supported the project because it would improve safety for motorists and connectivity for freight and military traffic among other benefits. Today, the Commonwealth is finally delivering on that need and building a project that will not only make transportation better for the southeastern region and the state, it will also generate jobs and economic development opportunities, bringing extensive long-term benefits in so many ways.\"\nThe key benefits of the new U.S. 460 include:\n- Safety - Improve travel safety and efficiency along the corridor, including expanding westbound hurricane-evacuation routes\n- Jobs - Generate approximately 4,000 jobs during construction and 14,000 jobs over the long-term, according to Chmura Economics\n- Economic development - Attract new business opportunities, boost tourism and accommodate greater freight traffic from the growth in demand at the Port of Virginia\n- Connectivity - Enhance connectivity among the region's military installations\n- Choice and time savings - Provide a reliable alternative to I-64 between Richmond and Norfolk, saving 20 minutes compared to taking the existing U.S. 460\n- Economic impact - Chmura Economics estimates that the new highway will have an annual economic impact of $7.3 billion by 2020\nThe new U.S. 460 will be a four-lane divided highway from Prince George County to Suffolk. The toll road will be parallel to the existing U.S. 460. The existing Route 460 will remain a free alternative.\nSecretary of Transportation Sean T. Connaughton explained, \"The Commonwealth has worked extensively with localities, the region and the public to complete environmental work, establish a corridor and then go through a lengthy evaluation process to select a private-sector partner and develop a financial plan to design and build the new highway. Today marks a major milestone with a signed contract to begin work on a transportation project that will increase safety and provide a critical link to jobs, commerce and the military.\"\nVDOT, in coordination with the Office of Transportation Public-Private Partnerships, procured the project under Virginia's Public-Private Transportation Act, which allows the Commonwealth to partner with the private sector to finance, design and build transportation improvements. The comprehensive agreement was signed today between VDOT Commissioner Greg Whirley, US 460 Mobility Partners and the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia. Financial close was also reached, which releases funding to launch project work. Bonds issued by the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia to finance the project were oversubscribed, meaning there was demand for more bonds than were available. The bonds were also sold at a lower than planned interest rate, which benefits the Commonwealth.\n\"VDOT will work with the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia to lead this project and oversee the work performed by US 460 Mobility Partners during construction,\" said VDOT Commissioner Whirley. \"The private-sector team will design and build the project at a fixed cost by a fixed date and will take significant risks associated with delivering the project. The Commonwealth will continue to involve the community and public, seeking their input and addressing their concerns throughout project development and construction.\"\n\"We are proud to have worked with the Commonwealth, a visionary state, and regional officials to achieve financial close on the new U.S. 460 project,\" said Ignacio Vivancos, president of Ferrovial Agroman US, which leads the US 460 Mobility Partners. \"Achieving financial close allows us to get down to the real business of delivering this important project to the citizens of Virginia.\"\nWilliam Fralin who chairs the Virginia Port Authority (VPA) Board of Commissioners added, \"The VPA is investing in the new U.S. 460 project because it will be an economic engine for the Commonwealth over the long-term, creating opportunities for distribution centers and light manufacturing that will drive cargo through the Port of Virginia. This creates jobs and grows our economy.\"\n\"The new U.S. 460 will bring greatly needed job and business benefits to the citizens and residents I represent along the corridor,\" said Delegate Rick Morris, R-Carrollton. \"I support this project because it is an investment in the future of southeastern Virginia. This project comes at a perfect time as the Commonwealth looks for ways to assist the smaller communities to take advantage of economic opportunities.\"\n\"The new U.S. 460 will support economic development and private industry development at a time when many in our community are unemployed and under-employed,\" said Al Casteen, chairman of the Isle of Wight County Board of Supervisors. \"The jobs generated during construction and long term will be sought after by both local business and jobseekers. Without a doubt, the new U.S. 460 will bring economic prosperity that will benefit the region and the state well into the future.\"\nSuffolk Mayor Linda T. Johnson said, \"The City of Suffolk was recently named one of America's best places to live for job growth. The benefits that the new U.S. 460 will bring including job opportunities and economic development will further enhance this mark of distinction. I welcome this project to our community.\"\nKey business terms and costs:\n- VDOT will oversee the work performed by US 460 Mobility Partners during construction, and operate and maintain the facility after the construction is completed. VDOT will retain ownership and all potential excess revenues of the project as well as set the initial toll rates.\n- US 460 Mobility Partners will design and build the project.\n- The Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia is a non-profit corporation that has sold tax-exempt bonds to finance part of the project. The debt will be non-recourse to VDOT, the Commonwealth and US 460 Mobility Partners. The funding corporation will collect the tolls, adjust the toll rates and manage the toll collection system over the course of 40 years.\n- The project cost is $1.396 billion including design, construction and toll collection set-up.\nFunding sources are as follows:\n- Public funding from VDOT - $903 million, which is lower than originally forecasted due to reduced interest rates in the bond market. A lower amount is anticipated should the Commonwealth secure a low-interest federal loan from the Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA) program.\n- Public funding from the Virginia Port Authority - $250 million, a lower amount is possible if a TIFIA loan is secured.\n- Private sector tax-exempt bonds sold this month by the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia - $243 million (net amount).\n- The new U.S. 460 will be a 55-mile four-lane divided, limited-access highway from Suffolk to Prince George County. It will parallel the existing U.S. 460.\n- There will be seven interchanges at routes 156, 625, 602, 40, 620, 616 and 258.\n- Design and right of way work is expected to begin in 2013, which will include public meetings. Construction is anticipated to start in 2014.\n- When the road opens in 2018, tolls will begin at approximately 7 cents per mile ($0.067) for cars and 21 cents per mile ($0.213) for trucks. This equates to $3.69 for cars and $11.72 for trucks for the entire 55 miles.\n- Tolls will be collected electronically using E-ZPass and license plate video tolling. There will be no manual toll collection.\n- The existing U.S. 460 will have no tolls and remain a free alternative.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://murciatoday.com/cemacam-centre-sangonera-la-verde-murcia_14648-a.html", "date": "2015-05-24T18:57:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207928076.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113208-00243-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9300899505615234, "token_count": 731, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-22__0__163076273", "lang": "en", "text": "CEMACAM Centre, Sangonera la Verde , Murcia\nCemacam is a bioclimatic educational centre\nThe CEMACAM Environmental Education Centre in Torre Guil is one of three environmental and educational centres in the region. The other two are the Centres in Los Molinos (Crevillent) and Venta Mina (Buñol). The building, which is an outstanding example of bioclimatic architecture, is designed to blend in with the natural landscape of the area and allows for the best use of the natural resources from the surroundings. It is equipped with thermal insulation throughout the foundations as well as passive air capture, cooling and penetration systems to minimize the consumption of energy used for climatic control. The earth, sun, wind and water are all used to maximum benefit in the design and function of the centre.\nWind: In the central courtyard of the building is a semicircular tower-like structure known as the Wind Rose which faces east and is designed with special vaults and angles to encourage wind to flow into the building. The collected air is then fed through underground pipes to be filtered, cooled and distributed throughout the complex. The arch structures and roof top air shafts enable the hot air to escape, allowing continual circulation of renewed fresh air.\nSun: The main building, including the Information Centre and offices, Dining Room, Hall, Classrooms and Bedroom blocks are all fitted with heating systems which make use of specially designed chimneys and pipes to absorb and refresh the air naturally. Solar panels and photovoltaic cell panels are used to produce all the electricity used in the centre. In addition, the main lighting used comes from natural light with adjustable skylights allowing the maximum natural light to enter. This is reflected off the white walls. As the natural light dies down, it is progressively compensated with low artificial lighting, maintaining equal levels of light both day and night.\nEarth: Each of the sections of the building has the roof covered with a thick layer of earth and this is planted with plant species from the natural surroundings. This has the effect of creating a unique thermal and bioclimatic balance, keeping the temperature of the buildings at the most comfortable level throughout the year.\nWater: Natural rainwater is collected in various indoor and outdoor reservoirs and this is used and recycled throughout the building. The open reservoirs also allow for natural precipitation, maintaining comfortable levels of natural humidity in the air. This natural water is also used in the wind tunnel to filter pollen and dust from the air before it is circulated into the building.\nThe primary objective of the centre is to provide an education centre which favours environmentally sustainable development. The Centre offers activities to all interested groups, be they executives, teachers, young people, senior citizens, scientists or environmentalists. The centre is equipped with the necessary infrastructure for organizing all kinds of workshops, seminars or congresses and conventions. The conference room is of a unique design that enables it to be opened up on two sides, allowing room for up to 500 people. In spite of its size, the acoustics in the room are such that no amplifiers are needed for a speaker to be easily heard throughout the room.\nCemacam Centre, Torre Guil was presented with the Environmental Quality Award in Ecodesign, granted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Environment of the Region of Murcia last June.\nCemacam Torre Guil\nUrbanisation Torre Guil\nSangonera la Verde\n|Murcia City||Parks, natural spaces..|", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://pushbuttonfor.org/tata-power-launches-indias-largest-floating-solar-project-pv-magazine-india/", "date": "2022-08-15T12:00:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572174.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815115129-20220815145129-00524.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9325679540634155, "token_count": 428, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__97514168", "lang": "en", "text": "Tata Power today announced that its solar manufacturing arm and EPC Tata Power Solar has commissioned India’s largest floating solar power project at Kayamkulam, Kerala. The solar power plant, with an installed capacity of 101.6 MWp, is built on a 350-acre body of water in the backwaters of Kerala. It is also India’s first floating solar power plant to benefit from a power purchase agreement. The plant will supply the generated electricity to the Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB).\n“This facility was completed on schedule, despite the arduous challenges of varying water depths, high tides and severe water salinity issues experienced throughout the construction life of the project,” said Tata Power.\nTata Power said its project implementation team built a scaffolding platform on the water body to float the entire solar power plant on the water. The plant has a 5 MW inverter on a floating platform. The whole project is anchored to the Kerala backwater waterbed with the help of 134 cast pile foundations which are drilled to a depth of 20 meters under water to support the central monitoring and control stations and the 33/220 kV switchyard. This was all done by dredging the soil layers under water, where the high water table was also a deterrent, the company added.\nThe entire array including floats and solar panel modules had to be towed 3 kilometers on a national waterway connected to the sea, 15 meters deep, exposing the solar modules to high winds and gushing tides often reaching a height of about 3.5 meters. To operationalize the project, Tata Power Solar’s execution team was able to successfully synchronize the 33/220 kV air-insulated substation with the existing 220 kV gas-insulated substation.\nWith the commissioning of this project, Tata Power Solar’s total utility scale solar project portfolio has reached 9.7 GWp.\nThis content is copyrighted and may not be reused. If you wish to cooperate with us and wish to reuse some of our content, please contact: [email protected]", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://cobrascientific.com/research_uct/", "date": "2024-04-18T06:48:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817200.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418061950-20240418091950-00747.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9042628407478333, "token_count": 1990, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__92741139", "lang": "en", "text": "Ultrasonic Computerized Tomography for Continuous Monitoring of Corrosion and Erosion Damage in Pipelines\nP. B. NAGY\nCorrosion and erosion damage are major causes of pipeline failure Asset integrity management depends on\nABSTRACTThroughout the oil and gas industry corrosion and erosion damage monitoring plays a central role in managing asset integrity. This paper introduces a novel technology for continuous monitoring of wall-loss rates in pipelines.\n- Damage detection\n- Estimation of minimum wall thickness\n- Monitoring corrosion rates\n- Access conditions\n- Size of asset\n- Frequency of inspection\nPermanently Installed UT SensorsVarious UT monitoring systems are already commercially available. They limit the cost of access to the initial installation of the sensors and with remote (wired or wireless) connectivity enable real-time continuous monitoring. They can achieve high accuracy provided that the internal surface of the pipe is smooth and uniform. Area coverage tends to be limited to the footprint of the sensors.\nGuided Wave MonitoringUses transduction based on non-contact EMAT technology to map wall thickness over the entire pipe section comprised between two EMAT arrays. Typical array separation distance is between 2 to 4 pipe diameters. Operates over a wide temperature range from -40 to 180ºC (-40 to 365°F) and yields maximum depth estimations with accuracy within 1% of wall thickness.\nPrinciple of OperationThe pipe wall functions as an ultrasonic waveguide. Each EMAT acts as point source producing a cylindrical wavefront similar to the ripples radiating from the point of impact of a pebble on the surface of water. As the wavefront expands it also wraps around the pipe multiple times leading to a complex propagation phenomenon that can be described by rays with helical trajectories.\nHelical ModesFor each source of the Tx array, waveforms are received with all the transducers of the Rx array. Each waveform contains multiple pulses each corresponding to a particular helical path. The different helical paths provide the ray coverage needed to reconstruct the thickness map with sufficient resolution and accuracy. On a pipe elbow the rays follow more complex trajectories corresponding the the geodesics of a torus.\nSensitivity to Wall LossDifferent guided modes can propagate along the wall of a pipe. The fundamental flexural mode, A0, is highly sensitive to wall thickness losses. This key property is apparent from the approximate Bernoulli-Euler theory of bending waves. In general wave speed is an increasing function of the ratio between a stiffness parameter, k, and the mass, m Flexural stiffness is proportional to the cube of wall thickness, h, while the mass/unit area is linearly proportional to h As a result, a small wall loss results in a much larger reduction in flexural stiffness than mass/unit area, thus causing a reduction in wave speed. According to the Bernoulli-Euler theory the wave speed depends on the frequency-thickness product f h, and the elastic properties of the material expressed by the Young’s modulus, E, and Poisson’s ratio , Physically, this means that A0 slows down as it enters a corroded area and then it accelerates as it leaves the defect. The approximate theory is valid for low values. Higher frequency requires solution to elastodynamic equations. Among the many different modes that can propagate we select the flexural mode A0 for its high sensitivity to wall thickness loss. We operate at MHz-mm corresponding to a maximum point in the A0 group velocity.\nWall Thickness ReconstructionThe wall thickness map is reconstructed by starting from the measured guided wave signals. Tomographic principles are then applied to map the speed of A0 across the propagation domain. The reconstructed speed of A0 is then convert into wall thickness using the A0 dispersion curve. The speed of A0 is mapped through model based inversion. A forward model is used to simulate wave propagation for a known velocity map. The velocity map is then adjusted until the prediction from the forward model matches the measurements. Speed and accuracy of the forward model are critical.\nEfficient Forward Modelling3-D elastic wave propagation can be approximated using a 2-D acoustic model. For curved pipes the acoustic domain is inhomogeneous and artificially anisotropic. FE simulation of one full dataset requires 16 days of computation on a workstation (1 TB RAM, 48 threads, 4 GPUs), the 2-D model takes under one second on a laptop.\nData for Inversion: The Differential MeasurementsThe accuracy of model based inversion can be affected by parametric uncertainties about the geometrical characteristics of the undamaged pipe. Due to manufacturing tolerances thickness variations in the order of 10% wt are common in most pipes. Even greater variations are seen in bends. Experiments conducted on a 8” diameter, schedule 40 bend (1.5D bend radius) showed max peak-to-trough variation of 1.72 mm on a 8.25 mm nominal thickness, i.e. 21% of mean wt. To address these uncertainties we use a differential approach that is aimed at detecting the changes between two states of the pipe rather than its absolute state. Therefore, time-independent uncertainties are suppressed and do not affect the forward model. High accuracy can be achieved beyond manufacturing tolerances. Importantly, there is no need to model welds and other structural features.\nTypical Result on Straight PipePipe diameter: 8” Wall thickness: 7.37±0.05 mm Defect max. depth: 0.78±0.05 mm No. Transmitters: 16 No. Receivers: 16 Temp range: 20-175oC Guided wave mode: A0\nRepeatability and Temperature StabilityThe bond layer of permanently attached piezoelectric transducers is known to be a main cause of thermal instability. For this reason we have developed noncontact EMATs that make the transduction highly stable. In addition, we use the spatial diversity of array measurements to compensate for phase velocity changes in the pipe wall caused by temperature variations.\nMonitoring Defect GrowthA significant challenge in the experimental validation of pipe monitoring techniques is the availability of techniques to introduce defects with highly controlled geometrical characteristics. Here, an attempt was made to use EDM to produce artificial defects on a 8” schedule 40 pipe at 12 different depths. Guided wave tomography was able to size maximum defect depth over the entire range of simulated depths characterizing defects as shallow as 20 micron.\nTypical Result on Bent PipesRealistic corrosion defects are introduced using an accelerated corrosion method based on impressed currents. Defects are introduced at different locations around the elbow both from the inside and outside of the pipe. When defects are on the outside, 3-D laser scans are used to benchmark the results from guided wave tomography. For defects on the inside, UT probes are permanently attached on the outer surface of the pipe. The tomographic maps clearly show the presence of damage on the intrados of the pipe and correctly capture its progression. The defects simulate localized corrosion and are highly irregular as it can be observed from the laser scans below\nPerformance as a Function of Defect PositionTomography can correctly predict the defect growth trend. The underestimation on the intrados and side is due to the lower resolution of guided wave tomography compared to the optical laser scan. Due to the highly irregular nature of the defects, there are small areas (few mm in size) of larger depth which cannot be resolved by guided wave tomography. On the extrados, where the defects is introduced from the inside of the pipe, UT underestimates depth because only two points are monitored as explained next.\nThe Advantage of Guided Wave Tomography over Single Point MeasurementsIn the presence of aggressive corrosion the interior surface of the pipe can be highly irregular. For the defect on the extrados, a 100 mm diameter corrosion area is monitored with two permanently attached UT probes. The probes grossly underestimate depth due to their limited area coverage. In addition, their sensitivity is affected by the profile of the corroded surface which tends to deflect the ultrasonic beam away from the probe thus causing significant signal loss.\n- Computerized guided wave tomography (CGWT) offers a medium-range solution for continuous monitoring of corrosion and erosion damage in pipelines\n- In straight pipe sections accuracy in maximum depth estimation is typically better than 1% wt\n- Accuracy is not affected by pipe manufacture tolerances (10% wt or more)\n- The technology is robust against unwanted signal changes caused by benign factors such as temperature variations\n- Possible to monitor damage in both straight and curved pipe sections as well as welds\n- P.B. Nagy, F. Simonetti, G. Instanes. Corrosion and erosion monitoring in plates and pipes using constant group velocity Lamb wave inspection, Ultrasonics, 54, 1832-1841, 2014.\n- C.L. Willey, F. Simonetti, P.B. Nagy, G. Instanes. Guided wave tomography of pipes with high-order helical modes, NDT & E International, 65, 8-21, 2014.\n- A.J. Brath, F. Simonetti, P.B. Nagy, G. Instanes. Acoustic formulation of elastic guided wave propagation and scattering in curved tubular structures, IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelect. Freq. Cont, 61, 815-829, 2014.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.diamanteazulconstruction.com/services/masonry-repair-austin/", "date": "2023-12-09T21:44:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100972.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209202131-20231209232131-00657.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.94343501329422, "token_count": 580, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__92682678", "lang": "en", "text": "Our masonry repair team can help you whenever you need it. Whether stone, brick, concrete, or block masonry, we are here to provide the best quality masonry repair in Austin and the surrounding areas. We offer a full array of masonry repair options. Our team of experienced contractors will ensure the job is done right the first time.\nAt Diamante Azul Construction, we specialize in all types of masonry repairs and stonework. Our team has years of experience with stone and brick repair as well as concrete and block masonry, and we can provide the services you need that will leave your masonry looking like new. We also offer stone-coated replacement masonry contractors in Austin, so you know your masonry structure is in good hands!\nWhen it comes to picking a company for masonry repair Austin locals can depend on, you can count on our experts to get the job done right every time. Our team of experienced masons is highly trained and knows exactly how to assess and fix any masonry problem quickly and efficiently. Plus, all of our work is backed by a guarantee that ensures your satisfaction each time, protecting you from additional costly repairs down the line. We understand the importance of keeping up with maintenance on brick and stone structures, which is why we strive to offer the best masonry repair Austin has to offer.\nWhen it comes to Austin masonry repair and replacement, you need a professional company you can trust. It is not a task that can be taken lightly. It requires time, dedication, and skill to do the job correctly. Diamante Azul Construction is the leading Austin stone-coated replacement contractor that offers masonry repairs of the highest quality standards. Our experienced team will address your specific needs using proven techniques designed to bring lasting value and beauty to any residential or commercial property. We understand how complicated masonry repairs jobs can be, so we make sure to take extra care with every project we undertake. Our technicians are well-trained in risk assessment and diagnosis, and we use top-of-the-line materials and equipment to carefully inspect existing structures, determine the scope of work needed, and develop cost-effective solutions.\nOur team is committed to providing superior customer service that stands above the rest. We take pride in our craftsmanship and strive to exceed expectations with every project we complete. Whether you need repairs or replacement for brickwork, stone walls, concrete steps, or any other component of your masonry system, we are the Austin stone-coated replacement contractor you need. Contact us today for superior Austin masonry repair services!\nOther services include:\nOur team is looking forward to hearing from you and getting your masonry repair job done right. We guarantee quality results, no matter the size of your project. Contact us today to learn more about us for a free consultation and estimate!", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.equinoxgeo.com/testimonials", "date": "2023-03-27T20:05:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948684.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20230327185741-20230327215741-00271.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9844298958778381, "token_count": 288, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__123892858", "lang": "en", "text": "\"Working with Equinox has been a great experience. Impressed with the service and knowledge. They have always been quick to respond and deliver consistent and accurate results.\"\n“The Equinox team is incredibly responsive and produces high-quality deliverables. They were able to come up with creative solutions to our GIS and mapping needs. I appreciate the constant communication and value the support they have provided us on our projects.”\n\"Equinox has been an excellent resource to my team as we have worked to implement GIS efforts on our construction site. My team was brand new to GIS, and Equinox helped us navigate the jargon and understanding the way ESRI’s system is set up.\nThe tool we undertook to create with Equinox was large and complicated, and had great technical demands to work properly. We worked with John Lucotch, and he patiently worked with us to understand our business needs, went through many iterations of the product, and ultimately set it up properly so it would work the way we needed it to. At the end of the development, he happily trained us on how he set up the tool and how to maintain it so we can be self-sufficient after the end of our contract with Equinox.\nThis was a very challenging project we took on together, and Equinox was easy to work with throughout it all.\"", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.ragansmith.com/connect/current-openings/civil-engineer-project-manager-murfreesboro/", "date": "2018-01-19T07:51:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084887832.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20180119065719-20180119085719-00725.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9225198030471802, "token_count": 366, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__75871347", "lang": "en", "text": "Civil Engineering Office Lead / Project Manager | Murfreesboro\nRagan-Smith Associates, Inc. is seeking a mid-high level engineer with a minimum of 6 years’ experience in site design, planning and project/client management. This individual will help lead the growth of our Civil Engineering practice in our Murfreesboro Office along with leading the project design, client communication, permitting and management on a wide range of large and small development projects. They will assist in managing design technicians, engineering interns and other support staff to help grow the Ragan-Smith brand and expertise within the region.\nRagan-Smith is looking for energetic and motivated individuals to join our team and collaborate with other civil engineers, landscape architects, and land surveyors to assist our clients in the development of commercial, residential, and mixed-use projects.\n- BSCE in Civil Engineering\n- Recent experience in Civil site project management, production, and permitting\n- Be self-motivated, team-oriented individual with ability to work on multiple projects simultaneously\n- Strong communication skills\n- Tennessee PE or ability to achieve by reciprocity\n- Experience in overall project management, civil design and delivery of site development projects in local municipalities throughout middle Tennessee\n- AutoCad Civil 3D proficiency\nRagan-Smith provides a comprehensive and competitive benefits package. Compensation will be negotiated based on level of experience and skills. We currently have other open positions for Civil Engineers, Transportation Engineers and Landscape Architects in our Nashville, Murfreesboro and Chattanooga offices.\nRagan-Smith is an equal opportunity employer that recognizes the value of a diverse workforce. All qualified individuals will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, age, religion, gender, national origin, disability and/or protected veteran status in accordance with governing laws.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.esscoe.com/testimonials/", "date": "2018-01-23T03:31:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084891706.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20180123032443-20180123052443-00506.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9508576393127441, "token_count": 1222, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__199006290", "lang": "en", "text": "I am writing this letter in support of the work performed in the Gurnee District 56 schools by ESSCOE during my tenure as superintendent. I worked with them on a number of engineering projects, and in every case have been totally pleased with their work. Most recently, I worked with them on an extensive development project building a new elementary school and district office building, along with remodelling the existing building.\nThey have always offered competitive pricing and “out of the box” solutions to complicated design systems. They understand our budgetary parameters and provide affordable solutions that align within those limits. ESSCOE offers added value to projects without increasing costs. Mr. Todd Keppy and Mr. Jack Hamilton are great friends of this school district and have greatly improved the educational environment established here. I highly recommend them as quality people and valuable partners to the taxpayers of this community.\nJohn Hutton, Ph.D.\nSuperintendent of Schools\nAs the authority having jurisdiction and quality assurance responsibility for Naval Facilities in the Midwest Region, my engineering team has worked with ESSCOE on numerous projects at Naval Station Great Lakes. In the past, ESSCOE has provided design and consultation services related to fire alarm and mass notification systems. Additionally, ESSCOE is part of a team that was awarded a Naval Facilities Engineering Command Midwest (NAVFAC MW) Region Fire Protection Multiple Award Construction contract.\nESSCOE has grown into a leader for consultation, analysis, design, implementation, and technical services for fire alarm and mass notification systems. ESSCOE’s leadership shows by their knowledge in Department of Defense (DoD) fire alarm and mass notification systems criteria, analysis, and documentation, which has led to several successful installations at Naval Station Great Lakes. Due to their knowledge of DoD criteria, documentation analysis, the time normally expended by NAVFAC Fire Protection Engineers to address issues, review designs, and test for approval has been greatly reduced.\nESSCOE has and continues to partner with NAVFAC MW to collaborate early in the drawing preparation stage and consults with the fire protection engineer regarding possible challenges or issues that may arise. ESSCOE can be relied upon to provide relevant and competent engineering design services as well as technicians who are knowledgeable and responsive to the Navy’s schedule. ESSCOE has worked on projects that present acoustical characteristics of new berthing or training facilities. Two mass notification projects that proved challenging were the renovation of historic Building 3 and the construction of New Senior Enlisted Barracks. In the Building 3 project, the design and installation challenges were to provide a functional system and maintain the historic interior. Based on ESSCOE’s engineering and design proficiency, all areas tested compliant. Similarly, due to ESSCOE’s knowledge of National Fire Protection Association codes and standards, the acoustically challenging berthing areas of the New Senior Enlisted barracks were analyzed, designed, installed, and tested successfully for compliance.\nOne of ESSCOE’s greatest strengths is to provide answers to technical issues. ESSCOE does not hesitate to consult with outside technical experts to provide the highest quality systems required by the DoD. ESSCOE was the first installer of mass notification systems in the Midwest Region to implement computer based acoustical modeling for design purposes. Additionally, ESSCOE was instrumental in coordinating outside resources to support the NAVFAC Fire Protection Engineer’s understanding of acoustical challenges associated with mass notification systems. ESSCOE continues to provide a high level of consultation and design services, technically qualified service personnel, and customer service that are unmatched in the Naval Facilities Engineering Command Midwest Region.\nof the Commanding Officer\nCBZG’s Camp Porter Barracks and Infrastructure project is in its final stages and expected to be complete by year’s end. At $216 million this was a substantial project for Clark Construction Group and our Joint Venture partners, culminating a 12 year, $770 million dollar recapitalization program for NAVFAC Midwest and the Recruit Training Command at Naval Station Great Lakes. This letter is to congratulate your team on an outstanding performance on the Camp Porter Barracks and Infrastructure project, and to formally announce our nomination of Esscoe, LLC for the US Administration’s Small Business Subcontractor of the Year Award.\nThe Esscoe team exceeded the project’s design program requirements and provided the Navy with high-quality fire alarm, mass notification, public announcement, and physical security systems equipment. The Camp Porter Barracks and Infrastructure project included the construction of six new facilities to support the needs of the sole Recruit Training Command for the US Navy. These facilities included three Recruit Immersive Queuing Corridor, and an 800 car parking facility above grade. Esscoe’s efforts on the three barracks buildings alone required the installation of over 10,000 fire alarm devices covering nearly 600,000 square feet of space, ultimately being occupied by over 3,000 recruits. The first phase of the barracks construction was particularly challenging as one of the very first Navy facilities to meet upgraded mass notification system standards. The Visitor Center and Immersive Queuing Corridor space also implemented complex technical systems supporting the gateway that thousands of guests pass through every week to observe recruits graduating from basic training.\nThe complexity of the Camp Porter project combined with a demanding schedule without any impact from the ongoing recruit training required substantial effort. Beginning with assistance during the initial design phase of the project, through the extensive commissioning process with the Navy’s team during the Red Zone stage, Esscoe provided outstanding service. Esscoe’s ability to successfully complete the large complex project, which would challenge any “large business” venture, is a true testament displaying their strength and dedication to build quality life safety, security and communication systems. Again, congratulations on your team’s performance and success. We look forward to continuing a lasting partnership on future projects.\nClark Construction Group, LLC", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://swiveljoints.com/2019/06/25/bulk-loading-and-unloading-resources-3/", "date": "2023-10-03T18:13:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511170.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003160453-20231003190453-00099.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.944135844707489, "token_count": 255, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__36688365", "lang": "en", "text": "In an industry where the handling of hazardous materials is routine, safe and accessible transport is paramount. A chemical manufacturing company sought out our assistance in creating a custom access solution to allow workers to spot bottom loading tanker trucks with access across multiple hatches. SafeRack reps made a site visit to assess the unique aspects of the project and meet with the client to create a customized solution that would keep workers safe and keep operations running smoothly.\nIt was determined that space restrictions in existing lanes, curbs, and centerlines would create additional challenges on this project. The proposed track mounted gangway would need to be far enough away from the bottom loading arms to ensure the pedestals didn’t obstruct the unloading process. The height of the platform also needed to account for existing overhead obstructions.\nThe timeline for this project was tight. Thanks to our cutting edge quoting and design process and extensive product inventory, SafeRack reps were able to meet the client’s deadline easily.\nA 40’ track mounted gangway was installed allowing the client to maximize efficiency, spotting trucks one time across multiple hatches in close proximity to unloading hoses. A modified stair unit was also installed strategically accommodating an existing pipe rack obstruction. Another successful gangway project complete!", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.savabridge.com/employer.htm", "date": "2015-03-01T20:49:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-11/segments/1424936462555.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20150226074102-00062-ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8448925614356995, "token_count": 693, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-11", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-11__0__65630886", "lang": "en", "text": "Belgrade Land Development Public Agency is commencing construction of Stage 1 of a new road section around the centre of Belgrade called “Inner City Semi-Ring Road” (ICSRR) with a third major road bridge across Sava River and associated approach roads, connecting Toshin Bunar to Radnicka intersection.\nThe project is being co-financed by the City of Belgrade (the City), the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), and other financiers.\nIn order to assist with the implementation of the project, the City of Belgrade has selected a Consultant to perform the role of Project Manager and Engineer (PME) for the project. Following an international competitive tender, the Louis Berger Group, with main international offices in Washington DC, USA and Paris, France, and representative offices in Belgrade and Bucharest, were awarded the contract for provision of the PME services.\nIn Summary Project Participants to-date are as follows:\n- The City of Belgrade – PMU\n- Land Development Agency of Belgrade – PIU\n- City Technical Advisor Committee\n- The Louis Berger Group of Washington, USA and Paris, France – Project Manager and Engineer (PME)\n- Consortium: \"PORR Technobau und Umwelt AG - SCT dd. - DSD Bruckenbau GmbH\" - Sava Bridge Design Build Contractor\nThe Consortium has engaged following subcontractors to date:\n- \"Leonhard Andra und Partner\" (LAP), Germany - Designer\n- CRSBG, China – Steel Structure Fabrication\n- Vorspann Technik, Germany in conjunction with BBR, Switzerland – Stay Cables and prestressing cables\n- Faculty of Mining and Geology of the University of Belgrade – Geotechnical Investigations\n- \"Eusani – Hortmans – Zahlten Ingenieurgesellschaft\", Germany – Wind Tunnel Testing\n- \"Ponting\", Slovenia – Independent Checking Engineer\n- \"BBV\" Germany – Post tensioning\n- Institute \"Kirilo Savic\", Belgrade – Bridge Works Supervision Consultant\n- \"Hidroprojekt – saobracaj\", Belgrade, Serbia – North Approach Roads Detailed Designer\n- \"Centar za puteve Vojvodine\" (CPV), Novi Sad, Serbia – South Approach Roads Detailed Designer\n- IM Projekt, Belgrade, Serbia - Pastroviceva Street Detailed Designer\n- ”Hidropromet inžinjering“, Belgrade, Serbia - Technical Controller for North Approach Roads and Pastroviceva Street Designs\n- “Putinvest”, Belgrade, Serbia - Technical Controller for South Approach Roads\n- Civil Engineering Faculty of Belgrade University – Technical Controller for Sava Bridge\n- \"PMC Inzenjering\" – Bridge Site UXO survey\n- Consortium \"Ratko Mitrovic – Niskogradnja doo\", \"Novkol ad\" and \"Hidropromet – inzenjering doo\", Belgrade – Hippodrome interchange Contractor\nAs the Project develops, various other service and works contracts are going to be signed and therefore the list of direct Project participants is going to be widened.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.rugeleypower.com/rugeley-power-station-demolition-cooling-towers/", "date": "2023-03-21T04:52:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296943625.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20230321033306-20230321063306-00246.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9273895025253296, "token_count": 355, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__144379873", "lang": "en", "text": "At approximately 11am on 6th June 2021, a controlled collapse demolition event using explosives will take place at Rugeley Power Station which will bring down the four Cooling Towers.\nThe structures are made of concrete and 117m high. To protect everyone on site and in the local area an exclusion zone will be in place before, during and immediately after the collapse. Because of the height of the structures the exclusion zone will extend onto the A51 so a road closure, with clearly marked diversion, will be in place for the event. This has been planned with the local authorities to minimise potential disruption.\nThe initiation and collapse may be heard off site, any noise will be over very quickly, and any dust will be controlled. Road sweepers will be available, however, it is anticipated these won’t be required.\nDue to the ongoing COVID-19 restrictions unfortunately there is no public viewing area. A livestream will be made available so members of the public can safely view the event – details will be made available on the www.rugeleypower.com website over the coming days. The police will be in attendance and have asked that people consider the latest COVID-19 restrictions as these will be enforced.\nThere will be one more, smaller scale explosive demolition event before completion of the demolition programme later in the year.\nLast month, site owner ENGIE was granted outline planning permission from the local authorities to transform the Power Station site once demolition is complete, into a sustainable mixed-use development of 2,300 low carbon homes including employment space, parkland, and a new all-through school.\nFor more information a frequently asked questions document is available here.\nFor enquiries please contact email@example.com", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.dcgstore.com/benefits-of-using-fiberglass-reinforced-plastic-mold-and-pultrusions-for-quality-production/", "date": "2021-05-17T18:15:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243992440.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20210517180757-20210517210757-00049.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9626766443252563, "token_count": 625, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__86847045", "lang": "en", "text": "Man-made material that helps in the construction and automobile industry are called composite materials. Cement, concrete, fibre-reinforced polymer are examples of composite materials. They are generally used in the construction of bridges, buildings, tanks, fittings in the homes like, bathroom fittings or countertops and also to make bodies of race cars or hulls of boats. There are companies worldwide who specialise in making FRP molded mold and pultrusions and their customers are spread far and wide. These companies provide excellent services during and after the sales and hence their clientele keeps growing. There are many products these companies supply; sink mould, rod mould, platform mould, FRP round tube mould, FRP window frame and ladder mould to name a few steel piling.\nPultrusion Die And It’s Uses\nWhen composite materials are made, with continuous cross-section it is called pultrusion. The labour required for this is minimal and the tools are not very complicated. The most important thing though is to make a good pultrusion die.This can be achieved after a lot of experience. Once the die is made then the major expense is over. This technology is used to create products that are extremely strong. These products may be used in building facilities for livestock or factories used by chemical companies. It is also one of the materials used to build aircraft and in many other industries where high standards of dielectric and strength stability are met.\nThe Increase In the Popularity Of Fiberglass Rebars.\nFor many years concrete has been used in construction and to give it more strength, steel bars that are reinforced are used. But these bars, after many years can corrode and thus the concrete will crack and cause the building to be less strong. So now builders use fiber-reinforced polymer which does not get affected by salt, so it will not corrode. This stays very strong even when submerged into the sea; hence it is used to build bridges, swimming pools, runways, roads etc. It is much stronger than steel, but less heavy and this helps to ease the burden of workers at construction sites. It also cuts costs of construction since cranes are not required and when transporting these bars, more can be loaded into a single truck as compared to steel bars. All these features are now increasing the popularity of these bars and hence the demand for FRP rebar production machines is increasing.\nServices of Molded Grating Machine Designers\nEven better than fiberglass grating that is pultruded, is that which is molded, as it is less expensive. It is also more resistant to corrosion as it has a higher composition of resin. It is therefore widely used where there is a high chance of corrosion, like chemical or industrial plants, wastewater treatment plants, power plants and basically anywhere, where foot traffic is high. The firms that produce these FRP molded grating equipment will send their staff to help design the mold you are looking for, give you advice and also help you run a test at your premises itself.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://braziliannr.com/brazilian-regulatory-standards/nr18-working-conditions-and-environment-in-construction-industry-pcmat/", "date": "2024-02-27T04:10:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474670.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227021813-20240227051813-00009.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.891899585723877, "token_count": 12318, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__125456608", "lang": "en", "text": "(Last amended in December 2015)\n18.1 Objective and Scope of Application\n18.3 Program for Working Conditions and Environment in the Construction Industry (PCMAT)\n18.4 Welfare Facilities\n18.6 Excavations, Foundations and Stripping of Rocks\n18.8 Steel Reinforcement\n18.9 Concrete Structures\n18.10 Metal Structures\n18.11 Welding and Hot Cutting Operations\n18.12 Stairs, Ramps and Walkways\n18.13 Protective Measures Against Fall from Height\n18.14 Handling and Transporting of Materials and People\n18.15 Scaffoldings and Work Platforms\n18.16 Steel Wire Ropes and Synthetic Fiber Slings\n18.17 Brickwork, Coating and Finishings\n18.18 Roofs and Roof Coverings\n18.19 Floating Services\n18.20 Confined Spaces\n18.21 Electrical Installations\n18.22 Machinery, Equipment and Miscellaneous Tools\n18.23 Personal Protective Equipments\n18.24 Storages and Storing of Materials\n18.25 Transportation of Workers in Motor Vehicles\n18.26 Fire Protection\n18.27 Safety Sign\n18.30 Hoardings and Galleries\n18.31 Fatal Accidents\n18.32 (Repealed by Ordinance SIT no 237, June 10, 2011)\n18.33 Internal Commission for Accident Prevention (CIPA) in the Construction Companies\n18.34 Permanent Committee on Working Conditions and Environment in Construction Industry\n18.35 Technical Recommendations for the RTP Procedures\n18.36 General Provisions\n18.37 Final Provisions\n18.38 Temporary Provisions\n18.1.1 This Regulatory Standard (NR) establishes the administrative, planning and organizational guidelines, which aim for the implementation of safety control measures and preventive systems in the process, in the working conditions and environment in construction industry.\n18.1.2 Those listed in Table 1 of NR4, and the activities and services of demolition, repair, painting, cleaning and maintenance in general of any type of building, including maintenance of urbanization and landscaping works are considered as the activities of the Construction Industry.\n18.1.3 The entry or staying of the workers in the construction site is forbidden, without being ensured by the measures provided in this NR and the compatibility with the phase of work.\n18.1.4 The observance of this NR does not exempt the employers from the compliance with the provisions relating to the working conditions and environment, as determined by the federal, state or municipal legislation, and by the collective bargaining.\n18.2.1 It is mandatory to notify the following information to the Regional Labor Office before beginning the activities:\na) address of the work site;\nb) address and qualification (CEI, CGC or CPF) of the contractor, employer or condominium;\nc) type of the work;\nc) start and completion dates of the work;\ne) maximum number of workers expected to work.\n18.3.1 It is mandatory to prepare and comply with the PCMAT in the establishments with 20 (twenty) or more employees, covering all aspects of this NR and other complementary safety features.\n184.108.40.206 The PCMAT shall include the requirements contained in the NR 9 – Environmental Risk Prevention Program.\n220.127.116.11. The PCMAT shall be kept in the establishment at the disposal of the regional body of the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE).\n18.3.2. The PCMAT shall be prepared by a legally qualified professional in the field of occupational safety.\n18.3.3. The implementation of the PCMAT in the establishments is the responsibility of the employer or the condominium.\n18.3.4. The content of the PCMAT:\na) memorial on working conditions and environment in the activities and operations, taking the risks of occupational illness and accidents and the respective preventive measures into consideration;\nb) implementation design of the collective protections in accordance with the stage of the work;\nc) technical specifications of the collective and individual protections to be used;\nd) schedule for implementing the preventive measures defined in PCMAT in accordance with the stages of work;\ne) initial and updated layout of the construction site and/or the work front, including the welfare facilities;\nf) training program covering the topics on prevention of occupational diseases and accidents, with their course load.\n18.4.1 The construction sites shall have:\na) sanitary installations;\nb) changing rooms and lockers;\nd) dining hall;\ne) kitchen, when preparing meals;\ng) recreation area;\nh) outpatient clinic, in case of 50 (fifty) or more workers.\n18.104.22.168 Complying with the provisions in paragraph “c”, “f” and “g” is mandatory where the workers accommodate.\n22.214.171.124 The welfare facilities shall be kept in perfect condition, hygiene and cleanliness.\n126.96.36.199 The mobile installations, including containers, will be accepted in the welfare facilities, provided that every module:\na) has an effective natural ventilation area of at least 15% of the floor area, composed of at least two openings properly placed arranged to allow effective internal ventilation;\nb) ensures thermal comfort conditions;\nc) has a minimum ceiling height of 2,40m;\nd) ensures other hygiene and comfort requirements established in this NR;\ne) has a protection against electrical shock by indirect contact, in addition to electrical grounding.\n188.8.131.52.1 In the mobile installations, including containers, designed to accommodate bunk type double beds, the headroom between two beds shall be at least 0.90 m.\n184.108.40.206.2 In case of adapting the containers originally used for transporting or securing the loads, a technical report concerning the absence of chemical, biological and physical hazards (especially for radiation) with the identification of the company responsible for the adaptation, shall be kept in the construction site at the disposal of the trade union and the labor inspection.\n18.4.2 Sanitary Facilities\n220.127.116.11 The place intended for the personal hygiene and/or the physiological needs of excretion is accepted as a sanitary facility.\n18.104.22.168 It is forbidden to use the sanitary installations for any purpose other than those specified in sub-item 22.214.171.124.\n126.96.36.199 The sanitary facilities shall:\na) be kept in perfect condition and hygiene;\nb) have sturdy and durable access doors and be constructed so as to maintain appropriate guard;\nc) have walls from resistant and washable material, which might be wood;\nd) have impermeable, washable and non-slip floors;\ne) not be connected directly to the designated eating places;\nf) be separate for men and women, when necessary;\ng) have adequate ventilation and lighting;\nh) have suitably protected electrical installations;\ni) have a minimum ceiling height of 2.50m, or respecting those stipulated in the Building Code of the Municipality;\nj) be located within easy and safe access, a displacement superior than 150 meters from the place of work to the toilets, urinals and lavatories is not allowed;\n188.8.131.52 The sanitary facility shall be constituted of lavatory, toilet and urinals, in ratio of 1 set for each group of 20 workers, as well as shower in ratio of 1 unit for each group of 10 workers.\n184.108.40.206.1 The lavatories shall:\na) be individual or collective, chute type;\nb) have metal or plastic tap;\nc) have a height of 0.90 m;\nd) to be connected directly to the sewerage system, when necessary;\ne) have a smooth, waterproof and washable internal coating;\nf) have a minimum space of 0.60 m between taps, when collective;\ng) have a disposal container for waste paper.\n220.127.116.11.1. The location of toilets (sanitary cabinet) shall:\na) have a minimum area of 1.00 m2;\nb) have a door with an internal door latch and lower edge of maximum 0.15 m in height;\nc) have dividers with a minimum height of 1.80 m;\nd) have lidded containers for the disposal of waste paper, being required to provide toilet paper.\n18.104.22.168.2 The toilets shall:\na) be a squatting or sitting type;\nb) have a discharge tank or automatic valve;\nc) be connected to the general sewerage system or to the septic tank, with interposition of hydraulic siphons.\n22.214.171.124.1 The urinals shall:\na) be individual or collective, through type;\nb) have a smooth, waterproof and washable internal coating;;\nc) have an automatic or manual discharge;\nd) be at a maximum height of 0.50 m from the floor;\ne) be connected to the general sewerage system or to the septic tank, with interposition of hydraulic siphons.\n126.96.36.199.2 Each 0.60 m segment of through type urinal shall correspond to a bowl type urinal.\n188.8.131.52.1 The minimum area required for each shower is 0.80 m2, with a height of 2.10 m from the floor.\n184.108.40.206.2 The floors of the places where the showers are installed shall have a trim that ensures the water flow to the sewage system, if any, and shall be of non-slip material or provided with wooden pallets.\n220.127.116.11.3 The showers shall be of metal or plastic, individual or collective, providing hot water.\n18.104.22.168.4 Each shower shall have a soap holder and a towel rack.\n22.214.171.124.5 Electric showers shall be properly grounded.\n126.96.36.199 Changing room\n188.8.131.52.1 Every construction site shall have a changing room for workers who do not reside on site to change their clothes.\n184.108.40.206.2 The location of the changing room shall be close to the accommodations and/or the entrance of the site, without direct connection to the dining hall or kitchen.\n220.127.116.11.3 The changing rooms shall:\na) have walls from brick, wooden or equivalent material;\nb) have floors from concrete, cemented, wooden or equivalent material;\nc) have coverings that will protect against inclement weather;\nd) have ventilation areas corresponding to 1/10 of the floor area;\ne) have natural or artificial lighting;\nf) have personal lockers endowed with door locks or padlocks;\ng) have a minimum ceiling height of 2.50m, or respecting those stipulated in the Building Code of the Municipality;\nh) be kept in perfect condition, hygiene and cleanliness.\ni) have benches in sufficient number to serve to the users, with a minimum width of 0.30m.\n18.104.22.168.1 The accommodations in the construction sites shall:\na) have walls from brick, wooden or equivalent material;\nb) have floors from concrete, cemented, wooden or equivalent material;\nc) have coverings that will protect against inclement weather;\nd) have ventilation areas corresponding to 1/10 of the floor area;\ne) have natural or artificial lighting;\nf) have a minimum area of 3.00 m2 per bed/closet module, including the circulation area;\ng) have a minimum ceiling height of 2.50m for single beds and 3.00 m for double beds;\nh) not be located in the basements or cellars of the buildings;\ni) have suitably protected electrical installations.\n22.214.171.124.2 It is forbidden to use 3 or more beds in the same floor space vertically.\n126.96.36.199.3 The headroom allowed between two beds, and the latter and the ceiling is at least 1.20 m.\n188.8.131.52.4 The top bunk bed shall have side protection and a ladder.\n184.108.40.206.5 The minimum dimensions of the beds shall be 0.80m by 1.90m and the distance between the bed slats shall be 0.05m, providing mattresses with a density of 26 (twenty six) and a minimum thickness of 0.10 m (ten centimeters).\n220.127.116.11.6 The beds shall have sheet, pillow and pillow cover in adequate hygienic conditions, as well as blankets, when the weather conditions so require it.\n18.104.22.168.7 The accommodations shall have double individual closets with the following minimum dimensions:\na) 1.20m high by 0.30m wide and 0.40m deep, with separation or shelf, so that a compartment with a height of 0.80m to keep the clothes for common use and other compartment with a height of 0.40m to keep the working clothes; or\nb) 0.80m high by 0.50m wide and 0.40m deep with a division in vertical direction, so that the compartments with a width of 0.25m to isolate the clothes for common use and work.\n22.214.171.124.8 It is forbidden to cook and heat any meal in the accommodations.\n126.96.36.199.9 The accommodations shall be kept in perfect condition, hygiene and cleanliness.\n188.8.131.52.10 It is mandatory to provide fresh, filtered potable water for the employees by means of inclined jet-type drinking fountain or similar equipments that ensure the same conditions, in ratio of 1 for each group of 25 employees.\n184.108.40.206.11 The stay of people with infectious contagious disease in the accommodations is forbidden.\n220.127.116.11 Dining hall\n18.104.22.168.1 It is mandatory to have an adequate dining spot in the construction sites.\n22.214.171.124.2 The dining facilities shall:\na) have walls that allow isolation during meals;\nb) have floors from concrete, cemented or other washable material;\nc) have coverings that will protect against inclement weather;\nd) have a capacity to ensure the attendance of all the employees at meal time;\ne) have natural and/or artificial ventilation and lighting;\nf) have washbasins installed in the vicinity or inside;\ng) have tables with flat and washable tops;\nh) have seats in sufficient numbers to serve the users;\ni) have lidded containers for wastes;\nj) not be located in the basements or cellars of the buildings;;\nk) not have direct connection with sanitary facilities;\nl) have a minimum ceiling height of 2.50m, or respecting those stipulated in the Building Code of the Municipality.\n126.96.36.199.3 Regardless of the number of employees and whether or not there is a kitchen, the construction sites shall have an exclusive location for heating meals, with adequate and safe heating equipment.\n188.8.131.52.3.1 It is forbidden to prepare, heat and have meals outside of these locations.\n184.108.40.206.4 It is mandatory to provide fresh, filtered potable water for the employees by means of inclined jet-type drinking fountain or other equivalent devices. The use of collective cups is forbidden.\n220.127.116.11.1 When there is a kitchen in the construction site, it shall:\na) have natural and/or artificial ventilation that allows good exhaustion;\nb) have a minimum ceiling height of 2.80m, or respecting those stipulated in the Building Code of the Municipality;\nc) have walls from brick, concrete, wooden or equivalent material;\nd) have floors from concrete, cemented, wooden or other easily cleanable material;\ne) have covering of fire resistant material;\nf) have natural and/or artificial lighting;\ng) have sink for washing the foods and utensils;\nh) have sanitary facilities for the exclusive of those appointed to handle the foodstuffs, meals and utensils, which do not communicate to the kitchen and not connected to the grease trap;\ni) have lidded container for garbage collection;\nj) have refrigeration equipment for preserving food;\nk) be adjacent to the dining facilities;\nl) have suitably protected electrical installations;\nm) if LPG is used, the cylinders shall be installed out of the usage environment, in permanently ventilated and covered area.\n18.104.22.168.2 It is mandatory to use aprons and bonnets for those working in the kitchen.\n22.214.171.124.1 The living areas shall have their own, covered, ventilated and illuminated places so that the workers living at the construction site can wash, dry and iron their own clothes.\n126.96.36.199.2 This place shall have individual or collective tanks in adequate number.\n188.8.131.52.3 The company may contract third-party services to meet the requirements in item 184.108.40.206.1, at no cost to the employees.\n220.127.116.11 Recreation area\n18.104.22.168.1 The living areas shall be provided with recreation areas for the workers living at the construction site. The dining hall can be used for this purpose.\n18.5.1 Before starting the demolition, electricity, water, flammable liquids and liquefied gases lines, toxic substances, sewer and water drainage pipes shall be disconnected, removed, protected or isolated, respecting the standards and determinations in effect.\n18.5.2 The neighboring buildings to the demolition site shall be examined, priorly and periodically, in order to preserve their stability and physical integrity of others.\n18.5.3 The demolition shall be planned and directed by a legally qualified professional.\n18.5.4 Before starting the demolition, the glasses, slats, stucco and other fragile items.\n18.5.5 Before starting the demolition of a pavement, all the openings on the floor shall be closed, except those that are used for the disposal of materials. People shall not stay on the pavements of which their stability might be compromised during the demolition process.\n18.5.6 The stairs shall be kept clear and free of obstructions in case of emergency, and will only be demolished as the materials from upper floors are being removed.\n18.5.7 Heavy and bulky items shall be removed by using mechanical devices. The release of any material in free fall is prohibited.\n18.5.8 The debris removal, by gravity, shall be done through closed chutes made of resistant material, with a maximum inclination of 45º, attached to the building on every floor.\n18.5.9 At the discharge point of the chute, a closure device shall be in place.\n18.5.10 During the execution of demolition services, the debris retaining platforms shall be installed at most two floors below and around the perimeter of the working level, with a minimum dimension of 2.50m and inclination of 45º.\n18.5.11 The elements of construction in demolition shall not be left in a position which makes them possible to collapse.\n18.5.12 The materials of the building shall be previously moistened during the demolition and removal.\n18.5.13 The walls can only be demolished before the structure when they are metal or concrete.\n18.6.1 The work area shall be cleaned previously, and trees, rocks, equipments, materials and any kind of objects shall be removed or firmly propped, when there is a risk of losing stability while performing services.\n18.6.2 Walls, neighboring buildings and all structures that may be affected by the excavation must be propped.\n18.6.3 The services of excavation, foundation and stripping of rock shall have a legally qualified responsible technician.\n18.6.4 When there is an underground power cable in the vicinity of excavation, the excavation can only b e started when he cable is disconnected.\n22.214.171.124 If it is impossible to disconnect the cable, special measures shall be taken by concessionaire.\n18.6.5 The unstable slopes of the excavations deeper than 1.25m shall have their stabilities ensured by dimensioned structures for this purpose.\n18.6.6 For elaboration of the project and implementation of open pit excavations, the conditions required in NBR 9061/85 – Open Pit Excavation Safety shall be observed.\n18.6.7 The excavations more than 1.25m in depth shall have stairs or ramps placed close to the working place in order to allow workers to evacuate quickly in case of any emergency, regardless of the provisions of sub-item 18.6.5.\n18.6.8 The materials removed from the excavation shall be deposited at a distance greater than half of the excavation depth, as measured from the edge of the slope.\n18.6.9 The stability of the slopes greater than 1.75m in height shall be ensured.\n18.6.10 When there is a possibility of gas leak or infiltration, the site shall be properly ventilated and monitored.\n126.96.36.199 The monitoring shall be effected while the work is being carried out, so that the audible and visual alarm will be activated in case of a leak.\n18.6.11 Excavations on public roads or construction sites shall have warning signs and isolation barrier around the perimeter of excavation, including at nights.\n18.6.12 The access of workers, vehicles and equipments to the excavation areas shall have permanent warning signs.\n18.6.13 The access to the excavation or pile driving areas by unauthorized personnel is prohibited.\n18.6.14 The pile driver operator shall be qualified and have trained team.\n18.6.15 The cables sustaining the pestle shall be long enough to have a minimum 6 turns on the drum in any working position.\n18.6.16 In the execution of excavations and foundations under compressed air, the provisions in Annex 6 of NR15 – Unhealthy Activities and Operations shall be met.\n18.6.17 In the execution of rock blasting, there shall be a blaster, responsible for the storage, preparation, loading f loads, firing order, detonation and removal of those failed to explode, adequate disposal of leftover explosives and electrical devices required for the detonation.\n18.6.18 The fire area shall be protected against the projection of particles when the workers and third parties are exposed to risk.\n18.6.19 Audible alarm is mandatory during the detonations.\n18.6.20 In the execution of open caisson, the provisions of item 18.20 – Confined spaces shall apply.\n18.6.21 In the execution of open caisson, the requirement for shoring (jacketing) is at the discretion of the engineer specializing in foundations or soil, considering the safety requirements.\n18.6.22 The equipment for hoisting and lowering workers and materials, which used in the execution of open caisson, shall be equipped with a safety locking system.\n18.6.23 The excavation of open caisson, widening and opening the base and sloping shall be preceded by probing or local geotechnical study.\n188.8.131.52 In particular case of open caisson and base opening, the geotechnical study shall be required for depths greater than 3.00m.\n18.7.1 The operations on machines and equipment necessary for carrying out carpentry work can only be performed by qualified workers in terms of this NR.\n18.7.2 The circular saw shall meet the following provisions:\na) be provided with a stable table, which is closed on all sides, manufactured from first quality and sturdy wooden, metallic or similar material of equivalent resistance without any deficiency, with sufficient sizing to perform the tasks;\nb) have an electrically grounded motor housing;\nc) the blade shall be kept sharp and latched, and shall be replaced when any crack, broken tooth or warping;\nd) the transmissions of mechanical force shall be protected by fixed and sturdy screen, and cannot be removed under any circumstances while performing the work;\ne) be provided with hood guard above the blade and riving knife, with identification of the manufacturer and sawdust collector.\n18.7.3 Push sticks or blocks and alignment tabs shall be used in wood cutting operations.\n18.7.4 The lighting fittings in the carpentry shall be protected against impacts from projected particles.\n18.7.5 The carpentry shall have resistant, leveled and non-slip floor with covering capable of protecting workers from falls of materials and inclement weather.\n18.8.1 Bending and cutting steel rebars shall be done on benches or appropriate and stable platforms supported on resistant, leveled and non-slippery surfaces, away from the circulation area of the workers.\n18.8.2 The frames of columns, beams and the vertical structures shall be supported and propped to prevent overturning and collapse.\n18.8.3 The working area where the frame workbench is located shall have a sturdy covers to protect the workers from falling materials and inclement weather.\n184.108.40.206 The lighting fittings in the working area of rebar framing shall be protected against impacts from projected particles and the rebars.\n18.8.4 It is mandatory to place firmly supported wooden planks on rebar frames for the movement of workers.\n18.8.5 Unguarded protruding steel reinforcing bars are prohibited.\n18.8.6 While unloading steel bars, the area shall be isolated.\n18.9.1 The formworks shall be designed and constructed so as to resist the maximum working load.\n18.9.2 The use of sliding formworks shall be supervised by legally qualified professional.\n18.9.3 The supports and props of the formworks shall be inspected before and during concrete pouring by a skilled worker.\n18.9.4 During de-forming, necessary measures to prevent the formwork sections and props from falling shall be taken, and lashing the parts and isolating and signing on the ground level is mandatory.\n18.9.5 The column frames shall be guyed and propped before cement pouring.\n18.9.6 During steel cable pretensioning, standing behind or over the jacks, or other pretensioning equipments is prohibited. The area shall be isolated and signalized.\n18.9.7 The devices and equipments used in pretension shall be inspected by legally qualified professional before and during the work.\n18.9.8 The connections of concrete discharge pipes shall have safety devices to prevent when pressurized.\n18.9.9 The parts and machines of the concrete discharge systems shall be inspected by a skilled worker before starting work.\n18.9.10 Any personnel other than the team necessary to pour concrete is prohibited in local.\n18.9.11 The immersion and board vibrators shall have double insulation and the connection cables shall be protected against mechanical shocks and cuts by the hardware, being inspected before and during use.\n18.9.12 The buckets of concrete transporters shall have safety devices to prevent accidental discharges.\n18.10.1 The parts shall be fixed in advance of being welded, riveted or bolted.\n18.10.2 In the construction of steel structure, below the riveting, bolting or welding operations, provisional flooring shall be maintained, covering the whole work area located on the lower level.\n18.10.3 The provisional floor shall be assembled without any opening in order to prevent materials or equipments from falling to a lower level.\n18.10.4 When it is necessary to complement the provisional floor, safety nets shall be installed along the columns.\n18.10.5 Suitable containers for depositing pins, rivets, bolts and tools shall be available to the workers in their working places.\n18.10.6 Prefabricated structural components shall have weights and dimensions compatible with the transport and hoist equipments.\n18.10.7 The component elements of the metal structure shall not have burrs.\n18.10.8 When it is necessary to assemble a structure close to the energized power lines, disconnection of the network, removing energized parts, line protection shall be undertaken, in addition to grounding the structure and equipments being used.\n18.10.9 The placement of pillars and beams shall be made while still suspended by the hoisting equipment, so that probing, marking and securing of the parts are executed.\n18.11.1 The welding and hot cutting operations can only be performed by skilled workers.\n18.11.2 When hot welding and cutting operations were performed in lead, zinc or cadmium coated materials, the removal of fumes produced in welding and cutting process by local exhaust ventilation is mandatory, as well as when using coated electrodes.\n18.11.3 The device used for handling electrodes shall have insulation suitable for the current level used in order to avoid electrical arcing or shock.\n18.11.4 In welding and hot cutting operations, it is mandatory to use screens effective to protect the neighboring workers. The material used in this protection shall be of noncombustible type.\n18.11.5 In welding and hot cutting of vessel, container, tank or similar, which involve the generation of confined or semi-confined gases, it is mandatory to adopt additional preventive measures to eliminate the risk of explosion and intoxication of the workers, as mentioned in item 18.20 – Confined Spaces.\n18.11.6 The hoses shall have mechanisms against retrogression of the flame mounted onto the outlet of cylinder and inlet of the hose.\n18.11.7 The presence of flammable and/or explosive substances near to the O2 (oxygen) cylinders is prohibited.\n18.11.8 Electric welding equipments shall be grounded.\n18.11.9 The conductive wires of the equipment, welding tongs and pliers shall be be kept away from places with oil, grease or moisture, and shall be left at rest on insulating surfaces.\n18.12.1 The wood to be used for the construction of stairs, ramps and walkways shall be of good quality without any crack that compromises its strength, be dry and the use of paint that conceals the imperfections is forbidden.\n18.12.2 Common stairways, ramps and walkways for the movement of people and materials shall be of solid construction and be provided with handrails and footers.\n18.12.3 Connection of floors with a difference of level over 0.40m shall be made by means of stairs or ramps.\n18.12.4 It is mandatory to install a temporary ramp or stairway for common use to connect the levels as a means to movement of workers.\n220.127.116.11 Temporary stairs for common use shall be sized according to the flow of workers, respecting the minimum width of 0.80m, and an intermediate landing shall be provided at least every 2.90m.\n18.104.22.168.1 The intermediate landings shall have a width and length at least equal to the width of the stairs.\n22.214.171.124 The use of portable ladders shall be restricted to temporary access and small services.\n126.96.36.199 The portable ladders can be up to 7.00m and the spacing between the rungs shall be uniform, varying between 0.25m to 0.30m.\n188.8.131.52 It is forbidden to use the ladders with one rail.\n184.108.40.206 It is forbidden to put the portable ladders:\na) near doors or circulation areas;\nb) where there is a risk of falling objects or materials;\nc) near openings and gaps.\n220.127.116.11 The portable ladders shall:\na) exceed 1.00m above the landing point;\nb) be secured at top and bottom or provided with a device that prevents any displacement;\nc) have slip-resistant steps;\nd) be supported on stable surfaces.\n18.104.22.168 It is forbidden to use portable ladders near unprotected electrical equipments networks.\n22.214.171.124 Step ladders shall be rigid, stable and be provided with equipments that keep them in open position. They shall have a maximum length of 6.00m when closed.\n126.96.36.199 Extension ladders shall be provided with travel limiting devices placed in the fourth opening starting from the pulley. If there is no limiter device, when extended, an overlap of at least 1.00m shall be provided.\n188.8.131.52 Sailor-type fixed ladders with 6.00m or more in height shall be provided with protective cage starting from 2.00m above the bottom of ladder up to 1.00m above the top of ladder.\n184.108.40.206.1 Landing platforms protected with guardrails and footers shall be provided at maximum intervals of 9.00m.\n18.12.6 Ramps and walkways.\n220.127.116.11 Temporary ramps and walkways shall be constructed and kept in perfect condition.\n18.104.22.168 Temporary ramps shall be fixed in the lower and upper floors not exceeding 30º inclination in relation to the floors.\n22.214.171.124 Temporary ramps with inclination greater than 18º shall have cross pieces spaced at least 0.40m apart from each other for feet support.\n126.96.36.199 Temporary ramps used for truck traffic shall have a minimum width of 4.00m and be fixed at their ends.\n188.8.131.52 There shall be no protrusion between walkway and ground floors.\n184.108.40.206 The supports for the ends of walkways shall be sized according to total length of the walkways and the loads that will be submitted.\n18.13.1 It is mandatory to install collective protection where there is a risk of falling of workers and materials.\n18.13.2 The openings on the floor shall have sturdy temporary covers.\n220.127.116.11 The openings, in case of being used for vertical transportation of materials and equipments, shall be protected by a fixed guardrail at the point of entry and exit of material, and by gate or similar type closing system.\n18.13.3 Openings to the elevator shaft shall have temporary closures at least 1.20m in height, made of strong material and securely fixed to the structure until the final placement of doors.\n18.13.4 It is mandatory to install a protection against falling of workers and projection of materials on the periphery of the building from the beginning of the services required for concreting the first slab.\n18.13.5 The guardrail systems shall meet the following requirements:\na) top rail shall have a height of 1.20m and midrail shall have a height of 0.70m;\nb) toeboard shall have a height of 0.20m;\nc) screens, mesh or other devices shall extend along the entire opening between rails.\n18.13.6 Around the perimeter of the construction with more than 4 floors or equivalent height, it is mandatory to install a main protection platform at the height of first slab, which is at least one ceiling above the ground level.\n18.104.22.168 This platform shall have at least 2.50m of horizontal projection from the exterior surface of the building and a complement of 0.80m extension, with an inclination of 45º, starting from the edge.\n22.214.171.124 The platform shall be installed just after the concrete slab when the exterior cladding of the building above that platform is completed.\n18.13.7 Above and from the main protection platform, secondary protection platforms shall be installed for every 3 slab.\n126.96.36.199 These platforms shall have at least 1.40m of projection and a complement of 0.80m extension, with an inclination of 45º starting from the edge.\n188.8.131.52 Each platform shall be installed after the concrete slab to which it relates, and be removed only when the periphery fence up to the immediate above platform is completed.\n18.13.8 In construction of the buildings with basement floors, tertiary protective platforms shall be installed in every 2 slabs, towards to the basement starting from the slab related to the main protective platform.\n184.108.40.206 This platform shall have at least 2.50m of horizontal projection from the exterior surface of the construction and a complement of 0.80m extension, with an inclination of 45º, starting from the edge, also meeting the requirements of sub-item 220.127.116.11.\n18.13.9 The perimeter of the building construction shall be closed with a screen starting from main protective platform, in addition to the provisions in sub-item 18.13.6 and 18.13.7.\n18.104.22.168 The screen itself shall be a protective barrier against projection of materials and tools.\n22.214.171.124 The screen shall be ınstalled between the ends of two consecutive protective platforms, and can only be removed when the periphery fence up to the immediate above platform is completed.\n18.13.10 In constructions where the highest floors are intended, the first slab intended to the installation of main protective platform shall be considered and the provisions of sub-items 18.13.7 and 18.13.9 shall apply.\n18.13.11 The protective platforms shall be constructed resistant and maintained without overloading in a way that impairs the stability of their structures.\n18.13.12 Safety Nets\n126.96.36.199 As an alternative to use the secondary protective platforms mentioned in item 18.13.7, a Fall Arrest System can be used along with the safety nets.\n188.8.131.52 Fall Arrest System shall be composed of at least following elements:\na) safety nets;\nb) support ropes and border ropes;\nc) support, fixing and anchorage elements, and net accessories composed of:\nII. Clamps for fixing the gallow;\nIII. Anchor hooks at the bottom of net.\n184.108.40.206 The support elements cannot be made of wood.\n220.127.116.11 The support and border ropes shall have a minimum diameter of 16mm and a minimum breaking load of 30 kN, already considered the safety factor 2 in the calculation.\n18.104.22.168 Fall Arrest System shall have at least 2.50m of horizontal projection starting from the exterior surface of the building.\n22.214.171.124 In the lower part of the Fall Arrest System, the safety net shall remain as close as possible to the level of work.\n126.96.36.199 Between the lower part of the Fall Arrest System and the level of work, there shall be a maximum height of 6.00m.\n188.8.131.52 The upper end of the safety net shall be located at least 1.00m above the level of work.\n184.108.40.206 The safety nets shall present uniform meshing throughout their length.\n220.127.116.11 When it is necessary to make changes in the net, the same characteristics of the original net shall be ensured with respect to lacing strength and deformation in addition to durability, and overlapping is prohibited.\n18.104.22.168.1 The repairs shall be done by professional with qualification and specialization in safety nets, under the supervision of a legally qualified professional.\n22.214.171.124 The distance between the anchorage points of safety net and the building surface shall be 0.10m in maximum.\n126.96.36.199 The safety net shall be anchoraged to the building structure at its lower part no more than every 0.50m.\n188.8.131.52 The support structure shall be designed so as to prevent the parts getting loose.\n184.108.40.206 The maximum distance between the gallows shall be 5m.\n220.127.116.11 The safety net shall be fabricated in color providing contrast, preferably dark, in cords 30/45, with distance of 0.04m to 0.06m between nods and a minimum height of 10.00m.\n18.104.22.168 The support structure shall be sized by a legally qualified professional.\n22.214.171.124.1 The tests shall be performed pursuant to item 126.96.36.199.\n188.8.131.52 Fall Arrest System shall be subject to weekly inspection to verify the conditions of all its elements and attachment points.\n184.108.40.206.1 Necessary corrective actions shall be taken after the weekly inspections.\n220.127.116.11 Fall Arrest System’s safety nets shall be stored in adequate containers in dry and suitable locations.\n18.104.22.168 The support elements of Fall Arrest System and its accessories shall be stored in suitable environments and protected from deterioration.\n22.214.171.124 The support elements of safety nets cannot be used for any other purposes.\n126.96.36.199 The employers who opt for Fall Arrest System shall provide a project that meets the dimensional specifications established in this Regulatory Standard, integrated into the PCMAT.\n188.8.131.52.1 The project shall contain the technical details describing the phases of assembly, displacement of the System during the progress of works and disassembly.\n184.108.40.206.2 The project shall be signed by a legally qualified professional.\n220.127.116.11 Fall Arrest System shall be used until the completion of the services of structure and perimeter fence.\n18.104.22.168 The phases of assembly, displacement and disassembly shall be supervised by a professional technically responsible for the execution of the work.\n22.214.171.124 Placing tissue over the safety net, which prevents falling of small objects, is allowed since included in the project of Fall Arrest System.\n126.96.36.199 Safety nets shall be made so as to meet the tests as provided in the EN 1263-1 and EN 1263-2 standards.\n188.8.131.52 The safety requirements for assembly of nets shall meet the EN 1263-1 and EN 1263-2 standards.\n18.17.1 Techniques that ensure the stability of brick walls shall be used.\n18.17.2 Fixed frames of electrical outlets shall be protected whenever coating and finishing services are performed on site.\n18.17.3 Locations below the glass placement areas shall be prohibited or protected against falling materials.\n184.108.40.206 The glasses shall be marked in a visible manner after placement.\n18.18.1 Devices, sized by a legally qualified professional and ensure the safe movement of the workers, shall be used to work on roofs and coverings.\n220.127.116.11 It is mandatory to install a guide cable or lifeline for attaching the lanyard coupled to the full-body safety harness.\n18.104.22.168 The lifeline shall be secured to definitive structure of the building, by means of anchorage, support or clamping brackets from stainless steel or other material of equivalent resistance, quality and durability.\n18.18.2 It is mandatory to place warning signs and to isolate the area beneath the roofs or coverings in order to prevent the occurrence of accidents by eventual fall of materials, tools and/or equipments.\n18.18.3 It is prohibited to perform works or activities on furnaces or any equipments on the roofs or coverings, of which may have gas emanation, whether or not originating from industrial processes.\n22.214.171.124 Having an equipment with gas emanation, it shall first be switched off to perform services or activities on the roofs or coverings.\n18.18.4 It is prohibited to carry out works or activities on the roofs or coverings in the event of rain, strong wind and slippery surfaces.\n18.18.5 Implementation, maintenance, expansion and renovation services on roofs and coverings shall be preceded by preview inspection and preparation of Work Orders or Work Permit, containing the procedures to be adopted.\n126.96.36.199 Concentration of loads at one point on the roof or coverings is prohibited.\n18.19.1 Life vests or other flotation equipments shall be used while performing any work with risk of falling into the water.\n18.19.2 There shall always be sufficient number of properly equipped lifeboats nearby and within easy access.\n18.19.3 Work platforms shall be equipped with safety lines anchored on land, which may be used when weather conditions do not allow the use of boats.\n18.19.4 All the safety signs of the platform and the rescue equipments shall be iluminated with water proof lamps during night work over water.\n188.8.131.52 The lighting system shall be watertight.\n18.19.5 The surfaces of the work platforms shall be non-slip.\n18.19.6 It is forbidden to to leave materials and tools on the work platforms.\n18.19.7 Guard rails shall be installed around the work platforms, firmly fixed to the frame.\n18.19.8 The permanent presence of a professional is required for rescue, first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in any activity.\n18.19.9 The floating services shall meet the provisions laid down in the Maritime Traffic Regulation and the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGS) of the Ministry of Navy.\n18.19.10 The life jackets shall be orange and have the company name and the maximum capacity represented in kg (kilogram).\n18.19.11 The number of life jackets shall be equal to the number of the workers and crew members.\n18.19.12 It is forbidden to keep the rags soaked in oil and other volatile substances on board.\n18.19.13 It is obligatory to install adequate number and capacity of fire extinguishers.\n18.19.14 It is obligatory to use boots with lateral rubber bands.\n18.20.1 Special protective measures shall be taken in activities that put the workers to risk of suffocation, explosion, intoxication and occupational disease, namely:\na) training and instruction for the workers regarding the risks they are exposed to, how to prevent them and the procedures to be adopted in circumstances of risk;\nb) workers shall not carry out their activities without the use of appropriate PPE where chemicals are used;\nc) performing work in confined space shall be preceded by preview inspection and preparation of work order with the procedures to be adopted;\nd) permanent monitoring of substance that causes asphyxiation, explosion and intoxication within confined spaces shall be carried out by skilled worker under the supervision of responsible technician;\ne) using oxygen for ventilation within confined spaces is prohibited;\nf) effective local exhaust ventilation that extracts the contaminants and provides general ventilation blowing air inside the confine space, ensuring continuous renewal of air on an ongoing basis;\ng) safety signs with clear and permanent information while performing work within confined spaces;\nh) use of safety ropes or cables and anchorages points as safe means of rescue;\ni) proper packaging of toxic and inflammable substances used in the application of laminates, floors, wallpapers or the like;\nj) for each group of 20 workers, two of them shall be trained in rescue techniques;\nk) keep air purifying respirators and/or self-contained self-rescuers within the reach of the workers;\nl) in the case of tank maintenance, perform prior degassing before carrying out the job.\n18.21.1 The implementation and maintenance of electrical installations shall be performed by qualified workers, and under the supervision by a legally qualified professional.\n18.21.2 Any service on electrical installations can only be carried out when the electrical circuit is not energized.\n184.108.40.206 When it is not possible to deenergize the electrical circuit, the service can only be performed after the additional protective measures have been adopted. It is also mandatory to use proper tools and personal protective equipments.\n18.21.3 Exposed live parts of circuits and equipments are prohibited.\n18.21.4 Changes and derivations of the conductors shall be performed so as to ensure adequate electrical contact and mechanical strength.\n220.127.116.11 The isolation of changes and derivations shall have characteristics equivalent to those used conductors.\n18.21.5 The conductors shall have proper insulations, and not allowed to obstruct the movement of materials and people.\n18.21.6 The electrical circuits shall be protected against mechanical impacts, moisture and corrosive agents.\n18.21.7 Whenever the wiring of an interim circuit becomes inoperative or dispensable, it shall be removed by the responsible electrician.\n18.21.8 Shielded switches shall be properly protected from weather and installed in a position to prevent accidental closing of the circuit.\n18.21.9 The fuse holders shall not be under tension when the shielded keys are in open position.\n18.21.10 Shielded switches shall only be used for distribution circuits, and it is forbidden to use them to start and stop machines.\n18.21.11 The provisional electrical installations in a construction site shall consist of:\na) main shielded switch according to the approval of the local concessionary, located in main distribution frame.\nb) individual switch for each branch circuit;\nc) shielded knife switch in plug board;\nd) magnetic switches and circuit breakers, for the equipments.\n18.21.12 The fuses of the shielded switches shall have a capacity compatible with the circuit to be protected, and their replacement with improvised devices or other fuses with higher capacity is not being allowed without a corresponding change of the wiring.\n18.21.13 In all the extensions intended for the connection of electrical equipments, independent, magnetic switches or circuit breakers, which can be triggered easily and safely, shall be installed.\n18.21.14 The high-voltage networks shall be installed to prevent accidental contact with vehicles, equipment and employees in circulation and can only be installed by the concessionary.\n18.21.15 Transformers and tension reduction stations shall be installed in isolated locations, and only qualified workers or legally qualified professionals are allowed in.\n18.21.16 The structures and housings of electrical equipment shall be electrically grounded.\n18.21.17 In case there is a possibility of accidental contact with any energized part, proper isolation shall be adopted.\n18.21.18 The general distribution frames shall be kept locked and their circuits identified.\n18.21.19 When reconnecting shielded switches to the general distribution frame, all the equipments shall be disconnected.\n18.21.20 Mobile electrical equipments or machines can only be connected through a set of plug and outlet.\n18.27.1 Safety signs shall be used in the construction sites in order to:\na) identify support locations that compose the construction sites;\nb) indicate the exists with arrows and signs reading ‘Exit’;\nc) maintain communication through notices, posters or the like;\nd) warn of risks of of accidental activation or contact with moving parts of machinery and equipments;\ne) warn of risk of fall;\nf) make aware of mandatory use of PPE, specific to an activity, with proper signaling and warning;\ng) make aware of isolation of areas of transportation and circulation of materials by crane, winch and hoist;\nh) identify accesses, circulation of vehicles and equipments on site;\ni) warn workers of risks of passage where the ceiling height is less than 1.80m.;\nj) identify the locations with toxic, corrosive, flammable, explosive and radioactive materials.\n18.27.2 It is mandatory to use safety vest or reflective stripes on the chest and back when the worker is on public roads, signaling access to the construction site and service fronts or vertical transportation or movement of materials.\n18.28.1 All employees shall receive admission and periodic training in order to ensure perform their activities safely.\n18.28.2 The admission training shall have a minimum duration of six (6) hours, and be given within the working hours before the employees start their activities, consisting of:\na) information on the work conditions and environment;\nb) risks inherent to employees’ roles;\nc) proper use of the Personal Protective Equipments (PPE);\nd) information on the Collective Protective Equipments (CPE), existing in the construction site.\n18.28.3 Periodic trainings shall be given:\na) whenever it becomes necessary;\nb) in the beginning of each phase of the work.\n18.28.4 During trainings, the workers shall receive copies of procedures and instructions to be performed safely.\n18.29.1 The construction site shall be organized, clean and free of obstruction, especially in the aisles, passageways and staircases.\n18.29.2 The debris and any leftover materials shall be regularly collected and removed. Special care shall be taken in order to avoid excessive dust and potential risks during removal of debris and leftover materials..\n18.29.3 When there’s a difference of level, the removal of debris and leftover materials shall be accomplished through mechanical equipments or closed gutters.\n18.29.4 It is forbidden to burn trash or other material inside the construction site.\n18.29.5 It is forbidden to keep the trash and debris accumulated or exposed in inappropriate places of the construction site.\n18.30.1 It is mandatory to place hoardings or barriers to prevent unauthorized persons accessing to the local where construction activities are performed.\n18.30.2 The hoardings shall be constructed and fixed in a sturdy manner, and have a minimum height of 2.20 meters from the ground level.\n18.30.3 It is required to build galleries over the sidewalk with a free internal height of at least 3m during the construction activities with more than 2 floors from the level of curb.\n18.104.22.168 In case performing work over the sidewalk, a gallery shall be constructed on the public road and be marked along its entire length with signs to warn the drivers and with lighting at night, respecting the Municipal Building Code and traffic laws.\n18.30.4 The edges of the gallery covers shall have closed hoardings with a minimum height of 1.00 meter, with an inclination of approximately 45 degree.\n18.30.5 The galleries shall be kept without overloads that undermine the stability of their structures.\n18.30.6 In case there is a risk of material falling on neighbouring buildings, these shall be protected.\n18.30.7 In case the building is being constructed along the property line, the whole length of the construction site shall be enclosed with boardings.\n18.30.8 Whenever the distance between the demolition and the edge of the property line is less than 3.00 meters, hoardings shall be placed around the edges of the terrain, in accordance with sub-item 18.30.1.\n18.31.1 In the event of fatal accident, following steps shall be taken:\na) report the fatal accident immediately to the police authority and to the regional office of the Ministry of Labor, which will transfer immediately to the union of the professional category of the construction site;\nb) isolate the location directly related to the accident, maintaining its characteristics until its release by the police authority and the regional office of the Ministry of Labor.\n22.214.171.124 The release may be granted after the investigation by the relevant regional office of the Ministry of Labor, which will take place within maximum of 72 hours, starting from receipt protocol of written notice to that office. The measures referred in paragraph “b” of sub-item 18.31.1 may be suspended after this period.\n18.35.1 The Ministry of Labor, through the Jorge Duprat de Figueiredo Occupational Health and Safety Foundation (FUNDACENTRO), shall publish ‘Technical Procedure Recommendations’ (RTP), following is approval by the National Standing Committee on Conditions and Environment in Construction Industry (CPN), in order to support companies in complying with this NR18 standard.\nRTP 01 – Protective Measures Against Fall From Height.\nRTP 02 – Handling and Transporting of Materials and People – Construction Site Elevators.\nRTP 03 – Excavation, Foundations and Stripping of Rocks.\nRTP 04 – Stairs, Ramps and Walkways.\nRTP 05 – Temporary Electrical Installations in Constructions Sites.\n18.38.1 The Program for Working conditions and Environment in the Construction (PCMAT), referred in sub-item 18.2.1, shall be developed and implemented within two years from the effective date of NR18, as detailed below:\na) within the first year, establishments with 100 or more workers;\nb) within the second year, establishments with 50 or more workers.\n18.38.2 The passenger elevator referred in sub-item 126.96.36.199.1 shall be required after 4 years from the effective date of NR18, provided that there are at least 30 or more employees.\n18.38.3 The passenger elevator shall be installed as from the seventh slab of the buildings under construction with 10 or more floors or equivalent height whose construction site has at least 40 workers.\n18.38.4 The companies, which manufacture, lease, sell or use the scaffolds referred in sub-item 18.15.47, shall adapt these equipments within maximum 1 year from the effective date of NR18.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.monsterdetail.co.uk/products/fluesnug-boiler-flue-seal-wall-hole-tidy-collar-white-100mm", "date": "2024-04-21T18:10:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817790.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421163736-20240421193736-00317.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9138709306716919, "token_count": 557, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__82977976", "lang": "en", "text": "FlueSnug Boiler Flue Seal & Wall Hole Tidy Collar WHITE 100mm\nThe team behind PipeSnug, the innovative product that gives a quicker, smarter finish around pipework, has launched a ‘FlueSnug’ version designed to create a boiler flue seal for all 100mm boiler flues.\nSealing around a boiler flue traditionally requires pointing with sand and cement. FlueSnug removes any need for pointing, can be installed in seconds and snuggly fits the 152mm core-drilled hole in the wall through which the boiler pipe and flue exits. FlueSnug can be used both inside and outside the property for the best finish and prevents heat escaping. It also acts as a barrier to drafts, damp, insects and pests.\nFurthermore, FlueSnug allows easy access to the flue for any service or maintenance work, without the need to remove existing brickwork, mortar or sealant. The FlueSnug can then simply be reinstalled once complete so no need to make good again afterwards, saving even more time and money.\nApproved by major boiler manufacturers - including Worcester Bosch and Ideal - FlueSnug is one of the quickest and most cost-effective way to comply with forthcoming changes to Part L of the Building Regulations. These changes require a pipe collar or grommet to be used where a pipe enters or exits a home, helping to maintain the energy efficiency of the building.\nFlueSnug is suitable for any building where a boiler flue has to be installed, including new boiler installations, retro-fitting to existing systems, new builds, local authority properties and commercial buildings.\nThe black FlueSnug is more commonly used externally and the white is mostly suitable for internal use. However, both colours are suitable for use inside and out depending on the colour of your flue pipe and wall.\n* Fits 152mm core drill\n* Replaces need to mortar around flue\n* Internal and external use\n* Installs in seconds and provides a long-lasting, professional finish\n* Air and water-tight seal\n* UV-rated so FlueSnug won't degrade over time\n* Compliant with new changes to Part L of Building Regulations\n* Endorsed by Worcester Bosch, Ideal Heating and other leading boiler manufacturers\n* FlueSnug is made from recycled polypropylene and TPE\n* The product and packaging are recyclable or biodegradable\n* Make homes greener, smarter and more cost effective with FlueSnug\n* Manufactured in the UK to the highest standards\n* Award winning product\n* As seen on Dragons' Den!", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://oem.virginiabeach.gov/programs-plans/regional-hazard-mitigation-plan", "date": "2024-02-29T14:06:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474843.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229134901-20240229164901-00115.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9496989250183105, "token_count": 151, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__51700545", "lang": "en", "text": "The Hampton Roads Hazard Mitigation Plan is developed and maintained by the Hampton Roads Planning District Commission (HRPDC) with input from City stakeholders.\nIt identifies natural threats to which the City of Virginia Beach is vulnerable such as flooding and tropical storms. Mitigation actions within the Hampton Roads Hazard Mitigation Plan serve as a tenet of the City’s strategy to limit the likelihood of damage from these threats.\nUpdates to the Hampton Roads Hazard Mitigation Plan were completed in 2022. The updated Plan was approved by the Virginia Department of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency and later adopted by City Council. With Plan approval, the City of Virginia Beach is eligible for mitigation opportunities to implement pre-disaster and post-disaster projects.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.tomjonescorp.com/", "date": "2021-07-24T22:43:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046151531.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20210724223025-20210725013025-00021.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9376349449157715, "token_count": 148, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__215885050", "lang": "en", "text": "At Tom Jones Corporation, commitment to excellence is in our DNA. Our ability to deliver superior construction and project management services has been nurtured over 100 years of business experience, and continues to pass to the next generations of Tom Jones Corporation talent through an inherent team culture.\nWe recognize that people are both the foundation and the future of our business success. Tom Jones Corporation people are motivated to overcome the challenges and exceed the goals of every project. Together with our clients, employees, sub-contractors and suppliers, we offer the most expertise and efficiency in the business to deliver excellence in the built environment.\nNo matter the project size, sector or scope of work, Tom Jones Corporation has a competitive edge that can withstand the test of time.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.homeandbuild.co.uk/derbyshire-building-control-partnership", "date": "2019-02-19T14:08:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247490107.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20190219122312-20190219144312-00354.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9353030323982239, "token_count": 198, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-09__0__83939124", "lang": "en", "text": "Derbyshire Building Control Partnership brings together the experience and knowledge of six established Local Authority Building Control services; Amber Valley, Bolsover, Chesterfield, Derby, Derbyshire Dales & North East Derbyshire.\nFor the most effective and efficient building control service, please contact us for all your project’s requirements.\nNorth Office: Dunston Innovation Centre, Dunston Road, Chesterfield, S41 8NG\nSouth Office: Suite 2, 45 Friar Gate, Derby, DE1 1DA\nIf you're a homeowner and planning an extension or conversion, you may need a building regulations inspection as well as planning permission. Whereas planning permission is about how a building looks, building regulations make sure your home is structurally safe.\nGetting building work approved by your local council's building control team guarantees that the work is safe and up to building regulations standards as well as protecting you against rogue builders. So seek their advice before starting any building project.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.assemblymag.com/articles/97285-porsche-to-power-us-hq-with-solar-energy", "date": "2023-05-28T16:51:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644309.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528150639-20230528180639-00625.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9380158185958862, "token_count": 475, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__261087244", "lang": "en", "text": "ATLANTA—Porsche Cars North America Inc. (PCNA) has signed a contract with Cherry Street Energy LLC, the largest non-utility provider of solar energy in Georgia, to build and operate a solar power microgrid at the company’s headquarters and customer experience center here.\nEnergy from solar panels will provide a significant portion of the facility’s annual electricity needs. It will also mean the all-electric Taycan sports cars that are part of the visitor fleet can be charged from purely renewable power. The Experience Center, one of two in the U.S. and 10 in the world, is a track-based attraction where the public can drive the latest Porsche models with a personal coach.\nThe solar power project will contribute to PCNA’s sustainability goals as the campus adds major new facilities. The headquarters campus is currently undergoing a $50 million development that includes building a second driver development track for the public, due to be operational in early 2023.\nNew features of the development also include a Porsche Classic Factory Restoration facility, a parking deck and the already-opened Porsche Service Center South Atlanta. These developments are on 33 acres adjacent to the existing 27-acre headquarters and Porsche Experience Center, which first opened in 2015.\n“Powering our North American home and our Taycan fleet through harnessing Georgia sunshine makes perfect sense, and is a great demonstration of our commitment to sustainability,” says Kjell Gruner, president and CEO of PCNA.\nCherry Street Energy estimates the array of solar panels on the headquarters campus will generate 2,050 megawatt hours (MWh) of electricity annually—enough to power 191 average homes for a year. Compared to using fossil fuel sources, this renewable electricity represents an estimated CO₂ reduction of 3.2 million pounds per year, equivalent to avoiding 3.6 million miles of driving by an average passenger vehicle.Installation of the solar microgrid will start in September and is expected to be completed in 2023. Panels will be mounted on new and existing buildings, the roofs of staging areas by the two tracks where customers start their drives, and on a new 950-foot covered walkway from the parking garage to the headquarters building. Cherry Street Energy will own, operate and maintain the microgrid, selling the power to PCNA.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.aquapanel-tilebacker.uk/products/floors/aquapanelr-cement-board-floor-tile-underlay/", "date": "2021-04-23T07:27:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039568689.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20210423070953-20210423100953-00268.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8832515478134155, "token_count": 270, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__226964548", "lang": "en", "text": "AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Floor Tile Underlay\nThe light, highly stable dry floor panel AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Floor Tile Underlay is the ideal substrate for all kinds of tiles on wooden subfloors including ceramic, mosaic or natural stone. As an inorganic cement board, AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Floor Tile Underlay is resistant to water or mildew and thus perfectly suited for wet or humid floors.\nDespite its stability, the AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Floor Tile Underlay is very light and only 6 mm thick. It therefore provides the best conditions particularly in cases where only a very low construction height is available. It also helps to ensure an even and seamless transition between tiles and carpet, for example, and to prevent threholds from having to be adapted or replaced. The boards are simple to score and snap and easy to install. For the installation just 9 screws per board are necessary and no pre-drilling is required.\nPRODUCT FEATURES AND BENEFITS\nThickness of only 6 mm for low floor height\nCan be installed over existing wooden subfloors\nWill not deteriorate in water\nResistant to mould and mildew\nEasy to score and snap\nNo pre-drilling required\n6 easy installation steps", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://annualreview.bdp.com/stories/underground-overground/", "date": "2024-04-15T10:23:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816954.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415080257-20240415110257-00717.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9351071119308472, "token_count": 566, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__186777261", "lang": "en", "text": "Whitechapel station is one of the most challenging and congested sites in one of the most complex railway engineering projects undertaken in Europe. Its protected Victorian façade and dense urban location with diverse local community, neighbouring school, and The Royal London Hospital all sit adjacent to this important transit interchange connecting the District, Hammersmith & City underground lines with the Overground system and now, the new Elizabeth Line.\nFollowing a stringent assessment of people movement and circulation within the station, we have created a new concourse and Elizabeth Line platform, radically reorganising a heritage building. Capacity studies demonstrated that an increase in passenger numbers could be accommodated without the removal of important heritage buildings, which contribute to the local character. Crucially, the design emphasis shifted from a below-ground, subterranean solution to an above-ground station bridge, which enhances connectivity and accessibility.\nEntry to the station is through the original refurbished and reinstated 1876 entrance on Whitechapel Road and a spectacular new walkway alongside the concourse leads to a new pedestrian entrance on Durward Street at the northern end, improving connectivity to the surrounding area.\nThe spacious new ticket office sits on a concourse which has been built on a bridge that floats above the underground and overground tracks that pass through the station. The raised structure allows daylight to stream down on to the platforms. In this way, Whitechapel station feels very different to other underground stations; the daylight, natural ventilation and open environment create a welcome ambience in this congested part of the capital, enabling people to enjoy fresh air and views to the outside environment from the concourse, with enhanced historic features which highlight the unique personality of the existing buildings.\nA new green, sedum roof covering the main station concourse delivers both environmental and aesthetic benefits, reducing the heat island effect, improving air quality, noise and storm water attenuation and enhancing biodiversity.\nA new public space to the north has enhanced the character of the local area as well as providing access to the Elizabeth line platform via three escalators and a lift. A widened stone-paved footway forms a forecourt for the new ticket hall and concourse. Court Street to the west leads to a pedestrian bridge over the Underground tracks, with improved paving and lighting. Part of the strategy was to ensure there was a common architectural language, both for the excavated element of the main station construction and at platform level, with original, culturally relevant elements retained throughout.\nThe new Whitechapel station is all about making connections. The design connects communities, connects nature to the cityscape and connects people to their destinations. It’s a 21st century station that meets the demands of London’s citizens, commuters and tourists and is a stunning backdrop to travel around the capital.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://covington.municipal.codes/CMC/16.15.030", "date": "2022-12-02T23:38:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710916.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20221202215443-20221203005443-00670.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.935841977596283, "token_count": 3460, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__578352", "lang": "en", "text": "Certain words and phrases used in this chapter, unless otherwise clearly indicated by their context, mean as follows. Unless otherwise defined in this chapter the definitions provided in Chapter 18.20 CMC shall be applicable. If there is a conflict, the definitions in this section shall govern.\n(1) “Alteration of watercourse” means any action that will change the location of the channel occupied by water within the banks of any portion of a riverine water body.\n(2) “Appeal” means a request for review of the interpretation of any provision of this chapter or a request for a variance therefrom.\n(3) “Area of special flood hazard” means the land in the floodplain within the City which is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year. This area designation on flood insurance rate maps always includes the letter A or V.\n(4) “Base flood” means flood having a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year (also referred to as the “100-year flood”). The base flood is noted as the special flood hazard area designated on flood insurance rate maps as zone “A” or “V” including AE.\n(5) “Base flood elevation” means the elevation to which floodwater is anticipated to rise during the base flood.\n(6) “Basement” means any area of the building having its floor sub-grade (below ground level) on all sides.\n(7) “Channel migration zone” or “CMZ” means those areas within the lateral extent of likely stream channel movement that are subject to risk due to stream bank destabilization, rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion, and shifts in the location of stream channels. “Channel migration zone” does not include areas that lie behind an arterial road, a public road serving as a sole access route, a State or Federal highway or a railroad. “Channel migration zone” may exclude areas that lie behind a lawfully established flood protection facility that is likely to be maintained by existing programs for public maintenance consistent with designation and classification criteria specified by public rule. When a natural geologic feature affects channel migration, the channel migration zone width will consider such natural constraints. The regulated channel migration zone includes the channel migration zone boundary and extends 50 feet landward in each direction from the stream.\n(8) “Critical facility” means a facility for which even a slight chance of flooding might be too great. “Critical facilities” include, but are not limited to, schools, nursing homes, hospitals, police, fire and emergency response installations, and installations which produce, use or store hazardous materials or hazardous waste.\n(9) “Development” or “development activity” means any manmade change to improved or unimproved real property, including but not limited to buildings or other structures or mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation, drilling operations or storage of equipment or materials, or removal of more than five percent of the natural vegetation located within the area of special flood hazard. This includes construction, repair, or replacement of culverts, pipes, bridges, levees, bank stabilization, docks, revetments, walls, bulkheads, driveways, or roads.\n(10) “Director” means the Director of City of Covington Department of Community Development, or his or her designee. The term “Director” shall be interchangeable with the term “Floodplain Administrator.”\n(11) “Elevated building,” for insurance purposes, means a non-basement building which has its lowest elevated floor raised above ground level by foundation walls, shear walls, posts, piers, pilings or columns.\n(12) “Existing manufactured home park or subdivision” means a manufactured home park subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including, at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads) is completed before the effective date of the adopted floodplain management regulations.\n(13) “Expansion to an existing manufactured home park or subdivision” means the preparation of additional sites by the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed, including the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads.\n(14) “Flood” or “flooding” means a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from (a) the overflow of inland or tidal waters; (b) the unusual and rapid accumulation of surface water runoff from any source; (c) mudslides (i.e., mudflows) that are proximately caused by flooding as defined in subsection (b) of this definition and are akin to a river of liquid and flowing mud on the surfaces of normally dry land areas, as when earth is carried by a current of water and deposited along the path of the current.\nIt also means the collapse or subsidence of land along the shore of a lake or other body of water as a result of erosion or undermining caused by waves or currents of water exceeding anticipated cyclical levels or suddenly caused by an unusually high water level in a natural body of water, accompanied by a severe storm, or by an unanticipated force of nature, such as flash flood or an abnormal tidal surge, or by some similarly unusual and unforeseeable event which results in flooding as defined in subsection (a) of this definition.\n(15) “Flood elevation study” means an examination, evaluation and determination of flood hazards and, if appropriate, corresponding water surface elevations or an examination, evaluation and determination of mudslide (i.e., mudflow) and/or flood-related erosion hazards.\n(16) Flood Insurance Study. See “Flood elevation study.”\n(17) “Flood insurance rate map (FIRM)” means the official map of a community, on which the Federal Insurance Administrator has delineated both the special hazard areas and the risk premium zones applicable to the community. A FIRM that has been made available digitally is called a “digital flood insurance rate map (DFIRM).”\n(18) “Floodplain or flood-prone area” means any land area susceptible to being inundated by water from any source. See “Flood” or “flooding.”\n(19) “Floodplain administrator” means the Director or community official designated by this title to administer and enforce the floodplain management regulations.\n(20) “Floodplain management” means the operation of an overall program of corrective and preventive measures for reducing flood damage, including, but not limited to, emergency preparedness plans, flood control works, and floodplain management regulations.\n(21) “Floodplain management regulations” means zoning ordinances, subdivision regulations, building codes, health regulations, special purpose ordinances (such as floodplain ordinance, grading ordinance, and erosion control ordinance) and other applications of police power. The term describes such State or local regulations, in any combination thereof, which provide standards for the purpose of flood damage prevention and reduction.\n(22) “Floodproofing” means any combination of structural and nonstructural additions, changes, or adjustments to structures which reduce or eliminate risk of flood damage to real estate or improved real property, water and sanitary facilities, structures, and their contents.\n(23) “Floodway” means the channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height. Also referred to as “regulatory floodway.”\n(24) “Functionally dependent use” means a use which cannot perform its intended purpose unless it is located or carried out in close proximity to water. The term includes only docking facilities, port facilities that are necessary for the loading and unloading of cargo or passengers, and ship building and ship repair facilities, and does not include long-term storage or related manufacturing facilities.\n(25) “Highest adjacent grade” means the highest natural elevation of the ground surface prior to construction next to the proposed walls of a structure.\n(26) “Historic structure” means any structure that is:\n(a) Listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places (a listing maintained by the Department of the Interior) or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior as meeting the requirements for individual listing on the National Register;\n(b) Certified or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior as contributing to the historical significance of a registered historic district or a district preliminarily determined by the Secretary to qualify as a registered historic district;\n(c) Individually listed on a State inventory of historic places in states with historic preservation programs which have been approved by the Secretary of the Interior; or\n(d) Individually listed on a local inventory of historic places in communities with historic preservation programs that have been certified either:\n(i) By an approved State program as determined by the Secretary of the Interior; or\n(ii) Directly by the Secretary of the Interior in states without approved programs.\n(27) “Lowest floor” means the lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area, including any basement. An unfinished or flood resistant enclosure which is usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage, located in an area other than a basement area, is not considered a building’s lowest floor; provided, that such enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation of the applicable nonelevation design requirements of CMC 16.15.250(2).\n(28) “Manufactured home” means a structure, transportable in one or more sections, which is built on a permanent chassis and is designed for use with or without a permanent foundation when attached to the required utilities. The term “manufactured home” does not include a “recreational vehicle.”\n(29) “Manufactured home park or subdivision” means a parcel or contiguous parcels of land divided into two or more manufactured home lots for rent or sale.\n(30) “Mean sea level” means, for purposes of the National Flood Insurance Program, the vertical datum to which base flood elevations shown on a community’s flood insurance rate map are referenced.\n(31) “New construction” means, for the purposes of determining insurance rates, structures for which the “start of construction” commenced on or after the effective date of an initial flood insurance rate map or after December 31, 1974, whichever is later, and includes any subsequent improvements to such structures. For floodplain management purposes, “new construction” means structures for which the “start of construction” commenced on or after the effective date of a floodplain management regulation adopted by a community and includes any subsequent improvements to such structures.\n(32) “New manufactured home park or subdivision” means a manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed, including at a minimum the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads, is completed on or after the effective date of adopted floodplain management regulations.\n(33) “Recreational vehicle” means a vehicle:\n(a) Built on a single chassis;\n(b) Four hundred square feet or less when measured at the largest horizontal projection;\n(c) Designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light duty truck; and\n(d) Designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel, or seasonal use.\n(34) “Start of construction” includes substantial improvement, and means the date the building permit was issued, provided the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, placement or other improvement is within 180 days of the permit date. The “actual start” means either the first placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site, such as the pouring of a slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction of columns or any other work beyond the stage of excavation, or the placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. “Permanent construction” does not include land preparation, such as clearing, grading and filling or the installation of streets and/or walkways or excavation for a basement, footings, piers, or foundations or the erection of temporary forms or the installation on the property of accessory buildings such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. With respect to a substantial improvement, the “actual start” of construction means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor or other structural part of a building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building.\n(35) “Structure” means a walled and roofed building permanently constructed in or on the ground, including a gas or liquid storage tank that is principally above ground as well as a manufactured home.\n(36) “Substantial damage” means damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its predamaged condition would equal or exceed 50 percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred.\n(37) “Substantial improvement” means any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the structure before the “start of construction” of the improvement. This term includes structures which have incurred “substantial damage,” regardless of the actual repair work performed. The term does not, however, include: (a) any project to improve a structure to correct precited existing violations of State or local health, sanitary, or safety code specifications which have been identified by the local enforcement official and which are the minimum necessary to assure safe living conditions; or (b) any alteration of a “historic structure”; provided, that the alteration will not preclude the structure’s continued designation as a “historic structure.”\n(38) “Variance” means a grant of relief from the requirements of this chapter which permits construction in a manner that would otherwise be prohibited by this chapter.\n(39) “Violation” means the failure of a structure or other development to be fully compliant with the community’s floodplain management regulations. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate, other certifications, or other evidence of compliance required in this chapter is presumed to be in violation until such time as that documentation is provided.\n(40) “Water dependent” means a structure for commerce or industry which is dependent on the water by reason of the intrinsic nature of its operations and cannot exist in any other location.\n(41) “Water surface elevation” means the height, in relation to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) of 1929, or other datum, of floods of various magnitudes and frequencies in the floodplains of coastal or riverine areas.\n(42) “Water typing” means a system for classifying water bodies according to their size and fish habitat characteristics. The Washington Department of Natural Resources’ forest practices water typing classification system is hereby adopted by reference. The system defines four water types:\n(a) Type “S” = Shoreline: Streams that are designated “shorelines of the State,” including marine shorelines.\n(b) Type “F” = Fish: Streams that are known to be used by fish or meet the physical criteria to be potentially used by fish.\n(c) Type “Np” = Nonfish perennial streams.\n(d) Type “Ns” = Nonfish seasonal streams. (Ord. 12-20 § 2 (Exh. A); Ord. 13-17 § 2; Ord. 06-17 § 3 (Exh. A); Ord. 30-05 § 1; Ord. 23-00 § 1; Ord. 100-98 § 1)", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.rhinousainc.com/blogs/news/5-reasons-to-include-recovery-equipment-in-construction-safety-gear", "date": "2024-02-22T02:19:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473598.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221234056-20240222024056-00674.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9492802619934082, "token_count": 1261, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__132210431", "lang": "en", "text": "As a construction company or contractor, ensuring the safety of the people working for you and your fleet vehicles should always be paramount.\nOne aspect of safety often overlooked is having proper vehicle recovery equipment readily available. In this article, we will explore five reasons any contractor or construction company needs recovery equipment as part of their safety gear.\nFor many construction companies and contractors, working in rough terrain or hazardous conditions is a common occurrence. These environments can pose a significant risk to both workers and vehicles, and the potential for a truck getting stuck or damaged is high. When a vehicle becomes stuck in the snow or mud, it can be easy to damage the vehicle by using a traditional chain or normal rope, which can result in costly repairs or replacements.\nThis is where having proper recovery equipment is vital. Rhino USA’s Kinetic Recovery Rope and tow strap are two examples of equipment that can be used to safely and efficiently recover stuck vehicles. Kinetic recovery ropes are designed to stretch and recoil, providing kinetic energy to help pull vehicles out of difficult situations much more smoothly and safely than alternatives.\nTow straps are another essential piece of recovery equipment that can be used to recover vehicles safely. They are typically made from webbing material and have a high weight capacity, making them ideal for larger vehicles. Rhino USA's tow straps are designed to be strong and durable, ensuring they can handle the most challenging recovery situations with up to a 40,000+ break strength.\nRecovery equipment like the Kinetic recovery rope or tow strap can safely and efficiently recover vehicles without causing severe damage or putting workers at risk. This is because they are designed to distribute the recovery force evenly, effectively reducing the risk of damage to the vehicle being recovered.\nA vehicle getting stuck on a work site can cause significant delays and hinder productivity. If workers spend time trying to recover the vehicle without the proper equipment, time and resources are going to be lost. This is why readily available recovery equipment is vital for a whole range of construction projects, across various industries.\nHaving gear like Rhino USA’s D-ring shackles and traction boards as part of your recovery equipment arsenal means that workers can recover the vehicle quickly and return to work without significant setbacks.\nD-Ring shackles can be used to attach straps or ropes to a vehicle. They are designed to handle the weight of heavy vehicles, making them perfect for use on construction sites.\nTraction boards are another tool that can improve efficiency. These boards provide traction in slippery or muddy conditions, allowing vehicles to get better grip and maneuverability. Rhino USA’s traction boards are made from a durable nylon material and have a non-slip surface, making them an ideal solution for work sites.\nConstruction sites are notoriously hazardous environments, and accidents can happen at any time. When a vehicle gets stuck or disabled, it can create an additional hazard on the site, potentially leading to further accidents and injuries. This is where recovery equipment is important.\nBy having recovery equipment from Rhino USA readily available, workers can recover stuck vehicles safely and without putting themselves or others at risk. The importance of safety cannot be overstated in the construction industry, where even small accidents can have devastating consequences. There are numerous horror stories of chains breaking off hitches and coming through windshields, which is a huge health & safety concern for companies with workers at work sites.\nRhino USA's Survival Shovels are versatile tools that can be used in various ways to enhance safety on the construction site. In addition to their primary use as a digging tool, they can create a path for workers to maneuver safely or clear debris from the site or debris in the path of vehicles. This makes them essential recovery equipment for any construction company or contractor.\nMoreover, the Survival Shovels from Rhino USA are made from high-quality materials that are designed to withstand the demands of a construction site. They are lightweight and compact, making them easy to transport and use. They are also highly durable, ensuring they can withstand the wear and tear of regular use.\nInvesting in property recovery equipment is essential for safety and productivity on a construction site and can save businesses significant amounts of money in the long run.\nWhen a vehicle becomes stuck or damaged on a job site, it can be costly to repair or replace. However, having the necessary recovery equipment to hand can reduce the chance of causing further damage to the vehicle, ultimately saving money in repairs and replacements (and filing insurance claims), and reducing productivity.\nFor example, using kinetic recovery rope or tow straps to recover a stuck vehicle can prevent damage to the frame, windshield, or suspension of the vehicle, both of which can be expensive to fix. Additionally, traction boards can prevent the tires from spinning, reducing the risk of tire damage or engine failure. Using the right recovery equipment minimizes the likelihood of causing additional damage, ultimately saving money.\nIn addition, investing in proper recovery equipment can also help construction companies and contractors avoid costly legal disputes. The construction company or contractor may be liable for damages or medical expenses if a worker or third party is injured during a vehicle recovery operation. By having the necessary recovery equipment, workers can recover vehicles safely and without putting themselves or others at risk, reducing the likelihood of accidents and legal disputes.\nIn many cases, regulatory compliance requires the use of specific safety equipment on construction sites. Recovery equipment is often one of these requirements, and failure to comply can result in significant fines or legal action. Construction companies and contractors can avoid these costly consequences by having the necessary recovery equipment readily available. Rhino USA's Kinetic recovery rope, tow strap, D-ring shackles, and traction boards are all compliant with industry regulations, making them a safe and reliable choice for construction sites.\nHaving proper recovery equipment is essential for any company or contractor that regularly has vehicles at construction sites. It can prevent damage to vehicles, increase efficiency, improve worker safety, save money, and ensure regulatory compliance. Rhino USA offers a wide range of high-quality recovery equipment that can significantly improve the safety and efficiency of any construction site. Additionally - everything Rhino USA sells is backed by an industry leading lifetime warranty. Invest in the right equipment and ensure the safety of your workers and fleet vehicles today.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://jasonpchang.github.io/research/long-beach/", "date": "2019-05-21T09:45:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232256314.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20190521082340-20190521104340-00405.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.823821485042572, "token_count": 379, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__200559088", "lang": "en", "text": "Using a dense seismic array in Long Beach, California, we investigate the effectiveness of using traffic noise for passive subsurface imaging. Spectral analysis reveals that traffic-induced vibrations dominate the ambient seismic noise field at frequencies between 3 and 15 Hz. Using the ambient-noise cross-correlation technique at these frequencies, we extract fundamental- and first-order-mode Rayleigh waves generated by Interstate 405 and local roads. We pick group travel times associated with the fundamental mode and use them in a straight-ray tomography procedure to produce group velocity maps at 3.0 Hz and 3.5 Hz. The velocity trends in our results correspond to shallow depths and coincide well with lithologies outlined in a geologic map of the survey area. The most prominent features resolved in our velocity maps are the low velocities to the north corresponding to less-consolidated materials, high velocities to the south corresponding to more-consolidated materials, a low-velocity zone corresponding to artificial fill in Alamitos Bay, and a low-velocity linear feature in the Newport-Inglewood Fault zone. Our resulting near-surface velocities can be useful for identifying regions that are susceptible to serious damage during earthquake-related shaking.\nData courtesy of Signal Hill Petroleum and Nodal Seismic.\nChang, Jason P., Sjoerd AL de Ridder, and Biondo L. Biondi. \"High-frequency Rayleigh-wave tomography using traffic noise from Long Beach, California.\" Geophysics 81.2 (2016): B43-B53.\nSociety of Exploration Geophysicists 2016 [abstract]\nEuropean Association of Geoscientists and Engineers 2016 [abstract]\nAmerican Geophysical Union 2015 [poster]\nStanford Big Data for Energy and Environment 2014 [poster]", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.botanycogenerationplant.com.au/", "date": "2021-01-27T19:10:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610704832583.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20210127183317-20210127213317-00346.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9304293990135193, "token_count": 388, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__250074051", "lang": "en", "text": "BOTANY COGENERATION PLANT\nSUEZ is proposing to build and operate a cogeneration plant to provide steam and electricity to power the Opal Paper and Recycling Mill, located in the existing Botany industrial area.\nThe plant would convert safe, non-recyclable materials that would otherwise be transported to landfill into energy (electricity and steam) for use in the mill. Once operational, the plant will reduce the mill’s contribution to landfill and reliance on fossil fuel-based electricity and natural gas.\nEnergy Recovery Technology and Cogeneration\nCogeneration is the production of two forms of energy, generally electrical and thermal.\nThe proposed fit-for-purpose cogeneration plant at Botany would use safe, non-recyclable materials that would otherwise go to landfill as fuel to create steam and electricity for use in running the recycled paper mill.\nIn the same way as a boiler works, the fuel would be used to heat water, with the steam produced to turn a turbine and create energy to run the recycled paper mill. This whole process would be completely enclosed internally within the cogeneration plant structure.\nThe fuel would include materials from the recycled paper-making process on site that simply can’t be recycled further, and some carefully sorted and processed non-recyclable materials from a SUEZ processing centre in Chullora. These materials would otherwise be transported off site to be sent to landfill.\nUsing non-recyclable materials as fuel is part of the energy recovery process. Energy recovery technology is sustainable, safe, proven and widely-used across Europe and the UK. The technology is also approved for use in Australia.\nThe proposed Cogeneration Plant would be built entirely on the existing paper mill site, in the place where a disused paper manufacturing facility currently stands, and within the existing industrial area.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.daraz.pk/loaders/", "date": "2023-11-29T13:04:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100081.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129105306-20231129135306-00540.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9203335642814636, "token_count": 785, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__47933213", "lang": "en", "text": "Loaders have emerged as essential heavy machinery in various industries across Pakistan, revolutionizing the way tasks such as construction, agriculture, and material handling are accomplished. These versatile machines play a crucial role in increasing efficiency, reducing manual labor, and enhancing productivity. In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the world of loaders, exploring their types, applications, and the transformative impact they have on diverse sectors throughout Pakistan.\nMulti-Functional Machinery: Loaders are designed to perform a wide range of tasks, making them indispensable in industries requiring heavy lifting and material handling. From moving construction materials and excavating to snow removal and landscaping, loaders showcase their versatility by adapting to various applications.\nEfficiency and Productivity Boost: One of the primary advantages of loaders is their ability to significantly improve efficiency and productivity. These machines can handle heavy loads and execute tasks quickly, reducing the time and manual labor required for tasks that would otherwise be time-consuming and strenuous.\nLabor Savings: Loaders have the power to replace multiple laborers in tasks such as digging, lifting, and transporting heavy materials. This not only reduces labor costs but also enhances workplace safety by minimizing exposure to hazardous tasks.\nPrecision and Accuracy: Modern loaders are equipped with advanced technologies that enhance precision and accuracy. This is particularly crucial in construction and agriculture, where precise movements are essential for optimal results.\nSkid Steer Loaders: Skid steer loaders are compact machines with a small turning radius, making them ideal for navigating tight spaces. They are commonly used in construction, landscaping, and agriculture for tasks like excavation, grading, and moving materials.\nWheel Loaders: Wheel loaders are equipped with large wheels and a front-mounted bucket. They excel at moving heavy materials such as soil, gravel, and construction debris. Their versatile nature makes them a staple in construction, mining, and agriculture.\nBackhoe Loaders: Backhoe loaders combine the capabilities of a front-end loader and a backhoe. They are commonly used in construction and excavation projects, making them efficient for digging, lifting, and moving materials.\nConstruction Industry: In Pakistan's rapidly growing construction sector, loaders are indispensable. They play a pivotal role in excavation, earthmoving, and material handling on construction sites, contributing to the timely completion of projects.\nAgriculture Sector: Agriculture is a vital industry in Pakistan, and loaders find their place in mechanizing processes such as loading and unloading produce, preparing land, and moving heavy farm equipment.\nLogistics and Warehousing: The logistics and warehousing industry relies on loaders for efficient movement of goods and materials within warehouses and distribution centers. Loaders contribute to streamlined operations and reduced turnaround times.\nTelematics and GPS Integration: Modern loaders are equipped with telematics systems that provide real-time data on machine performance, fuel consumption, and maintenance needs. GPS integration enhances operational efficiency by enabling remote monitoring and optimization.\nEmissions Control: As environmental concerns grow, loader manufacturers are incorporating emissions control technologies to reduce the environmental impact of these machines. Tier 4-compliant engines minimize emissions while maintaining high performance.\nOperator Comfort and Safety: Advanced loader designs prioritize operator comfort and safety. Features like ergonomic cabins, noise reduction, and enhanced visibility contribute to a better working environment for operators.\nLoaders have emerged as indispensable assets across various industries in Pakistan, facilitating tasks that would otherwise be labor-intensive and time-consuming. From construction and agriculture to logistics and warehousing, these versatile machines have transformed the way tasks are executed, increasing efficiency, productivity, and safety. As technology continues to advance, loaders are becoming more intelligent and environmentally friendly, ensuring they remain key players in Pakistan's industrial landscape. Explore the world of loaders and witness their transformative impact on various sectors, contributing to a more efficient and progressive Pakistan.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.chicagocondoexpo.com/Company.aspx?id=rabpav", "date": "2013-05-24T23:05:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8411723375320435, "token_count": 113, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__85772433", "lang": "en", "text": "Rabine Paving & Roofing Solutions\nPaving & Seal Coating\n900 National Pkwy\nRabine Paving is a commercial pavement construction and maintenance company dedicated to exceeding industry standards and customer expectations. Rabine Paving provides asphalt paving, concrete paving, milling, sealcoating, pervious pavements and UltraLot Whitetopping.\nRoofing Solutions is a commercial roofing maintenance and construction company specializing in all commercial roofs including sustainable, solar, and vegetative. Roofing Solutions services the Midwest and the United States.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.udayindia.in/news/historic-developments-pm-modis-ayodhya-visit-marks-inauguration-of-transformative-projects", "date": "2024-03-02T21:21:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475897.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302184020-20240302214020-00093.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.923801839351654, "token_count": 691, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__44995679", "lang": "en", "text": "As the nation eagerly awaits the consecration ceremony of the Ram Lalla Temple in Ayodhya, Prime Minister Narendra Modi is set to visit the city on Saturday, marking a momentous occasion with a series of inaugurated projects. The total worth of these initiatives amounts to ₹15 thousand crore, encompassing crucial developments such as the airport, railway station, highway, and the doubling of a railway line. This comprehensive transformation is poised to elevate Ayodhya's infrastructure and connectivity, fostering economic growth and regional development.\nOne of the flagship projects to be inaugurated is the Ayodhya Dham Junction Railway Station, developed at a cost exceeding ₹240 crore. This station is more than just a transportation hub; it's a symbol of modernity and accessibility. The three-storey building boasts state-of-the-art facilities, including lifts, escalators, food plazas, and childcare rooms. Significantly, the station is designed to be 'accessible for all,' earning certification as a green station building from the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC). This certification reflects a commitment to sustainability and environmental consciousness in infrastructure development.\nUttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath's visit on Friday underscores the meticulous planning and coordination required for such significant events. His assessment of the arrangements in place for Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit showcases the attention to detail and the commitment to ensuring a seamless experience for all attendees.\nThe prime minister is scheduled to flag off the Amrit Bharat Express trains at 11 am on Saturday. These non-air-conditioned LHB push-pull trains are equipped with modern amenities, including appealing seat designs, improved luggage racks, mobile charging points, LED lights, CCTV surveillance, and a public information system. The inauguration includes two Amrit Bharat trains: the Darbhanga-Ayodhya-Anand Vihar Terminal Amrit Bharat Express and the Malda Town-Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminus (Bengaluru) Amrit Bharat Express. Additionally, the launch of six new Vande Bharat Trains on various routes is expected to enhance the efficiency and capacity of the nation's rail network.\nThe prime minister is set to dedicate three railway projects with a combined worth of ₹2,300 crore. These projects include the Rooma Chakeri-Chanderi third line project, the Jaunpur-Tulsi Nagar, Akbarpur-Ayodhya, Sohawal-Patranga, and Safdarganj-Rasauli sections of the Jaunpur-Ayodhya-Barabanki doubling project. Furthermore, the doubling and electrification project of the Malhaur-Daliganj railway section will contribute to the modernization and efficiency of rail transport in the region.\nPrime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Ayodhya is not only a significant moment in the context of the Ram Lalla Temple consecration but also a transformative period for the city's infrastructure and connectivity. The inauguration of these diverse projects reflects a commitment to holistic development, showcasing the government's dedication to fostering progress and prosperity in every corner of the nation. As the projects come to fruition, Ayodhya is poised to emerge as a hub of growth, drawing attention not only for its historical and cultural significance but also for its modern and well-connected infrastructure.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2020/06/30/chinas-fourth-largest-hydropower-station-put-operation-generate-3891-billion-kilowatts-annually/", "date": "2021-10-21T05:26:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585381.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20211021040342-20211021070342-00399.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9497961401939392, "token_count": 661, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__4701657", "lang": "en", "text": "After a 72-hour trial operation, the first unit of the Wudongde Hydropower Station, China's fourth-largest and the world's seventh-largest hydropower project, was officially put into operation on Monday.\nThe station, located on the border of Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China, has a total installed capacity of 10.2 million kilowatts, with an average annual generating capacity of 38.91 billion kilowatts.\nIt's estimated that the amount of hydropower produced by Wudongde station will save 12.2 million tons of standard coal. The clean energy will be transmitted to China Southern Power Grid to help develop the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and other areas.\nThe station will also serve as an important part of the Yangtze River Basin flood control system, as its reserved flood storage capacity is 2.44 billion cubic meters, equivalent to more than 170 West Lakes.\nWorld's thinnest arch dam\nIf overlooked, Wudongde Hydropower Station is like an eggshell stationed at the Jinsha River's V-shaped valley.\nThe double-curved arch dam has a maximum height of 270 meters, but its average thickness is only 40 meters, making it the world's thinnest 300-meter arch dam.\nThe eggshell shape is the best design considering the location, which can achieve the maximum balance between security and economic factors.\nThin as it is, the dam can block the river to form a reservoir that can store about 7.4 billion cubic meters of water.\nA seamless dam built by low-heat cement\nThe dam also marks the world's first to be fully built by low-heat cement.\nIn the valley area where the dam is located, the sunlight is strong with big temperature differences between day and night and low humidity. Under such an environment, it's difficult to prevent crack if ordinary cement is used.\nThe low-heat cement is relatively stable and can reduce the dam's temperature stress significantly, which effectively solves a global problem in dam construction.\nInnovative solutions to technical challenges\nThe mountains on either side of the top of the dam are only 300 meters apart. Therefore, many of the structures – except for the 270-meter-high dam structure – are constructed in the mountains and underground due to small space.\nThe main workshop, which is the generator unit of the hydropower station, is located in the mountains on both sides of the dam.\nEach side accommodates six hydroelectric generating units with a capacity of 850,000 kilowatts per unit.\nThe main workshop is as long as three standard football fields. It is 89.8 meters high, equivalent to a 30-story building, making it the world's highest underground power plant.\n\"Through hundreds of simulation calculations and tests, the core components of the hydroelectric generating units have reached the expected target,\" said Zhang Chengping, general manager of China Three Gorges Construction Management Co., Ltd.\nChinese President Xi Jinping praised the Wudongde hydropower project the same day and called for more efforts to adopt a new vision for development and scale new heights in technology.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.mtroyal.ca/AboutMountRoyal/OfficesGovernance/BoardofGovernors/CommitteeCharters/bog_commchar_cdc.htm", "date": "2018-03-22T02:28:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257647758.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20180322014514-20180322034514-00369.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9329699277877808, "token_count": 913, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__75500675", "lang": "en", "text": "Campus Development Committee Charter\nName of Committee: Campus Development Committee\nName of Committee Sponsor: Board of Governors\nDate: June 2015\nThe purpose of the Campus Development Committee is to assist the Board of Governors to provide oversight of the University’s buildings, facilities and infrastructure to meet the educational, environmental, social, cultural and economic needs of the University. The Committee will do so by monitoring, evaluating and recommending to the Board of Governors significant priority facility and infrastructure matters of the University, including principles, planning and policies, in accordance with, provincial legislation, the University’s mandate, strategic vision and relevant policies and procedures.\nThe Committee has the authority to:\n- Monitor and review the Campus Master Plan to ensure it continues to support Mount Royal’s overall mission and strategic direction and make recommendations to the Board of Governors on changes to the plan;\n- Recommend to the Board of Governors major capital projects, including the project plans and associated business plans and budgets for consideration and final approval by the Board of Governors;\n- Recommend to the Board of Governors major polices related to capital projects and campus facility planning;\n- Maintain oversight with respect to on-going capital projects;\n- Receive reports and updates from administration on the status of existing projects and plans for new projects;\n- Review and give strategic direction on overall design concepts and preliminary design concepts for major capital projects;\n- Review project cost estimates, revenue sources, and/or funding strategies;\n- Review and provide direction on strategic facility and campus planning issues;\n- Semi-annually review major deferred maintenance master list and approve annual spending plans and project priorities.\nAt least five (5) Board members including the Board Chair (ex-officio) and President (ex-officio).\nThe Chair will be a public member of the Mount Royal University Board of Governors.\nTerm of office:\nThe term of office for all members of the Committee shall be one year, ending on the date of the Board’s first regular meeting in the academic year.\nThe quorum shall consist of a simple majority of voting members.\nAn important expectation for committee members is one of confidentiality. It is important that each member of the committee be encouraged to share his or her thoughts, concerns and opinions with the committee, and that those thoughts be held in the strictest confidence by the entire Committee. The Committee shall also strive to operate (whenever possible) by consensus rather than by majority rule. The Committee may establish procedures and policies for the conduct of its meetings, including preparation of agendas and recording of minutes as determined by the Committee from time to time.\nThe Committee may choose to hold meetings via teleconference and use email to facilitate making decisions.\nThe Committee will make recommendations to the Board of Governors with respect to:\n- The strategic direction for development of the University’s facilities (Campus Master Plan).\n- The acquisition, construction, and maintenance of buildings, facilities, and infrastructure on the University campus and of facilities and accommodation off-site.\n- Approval of policies affecting facilities and/or property matters.\nFurther, the Committee Chair or designate will have oversight of any consultants and projects involved in campus planning.\nThe Committee will approve the appointment of prime consultants, prime contractors and construction managers for all approved projects with total project budgets in excess of $6 million.\nThe Committee will work closely with the Finance Committee and will advise the Finance Committee with respect to timing and financing of major capital projects. Business Plans for major projects must be routed through the Finance Committee for a recommendation prior to approval by the Board.\nThe Committee will report, providing the appropriate level of detail, to the full Board at the next regularly scheduled meeting of the Board of Governors following each Committee meeting.\nThe Office of the University Secretariat will provide administrative support. The Director of the University Secretariat shall serve as a resource and the Board Secretary will act as recording secretary for this Committee. The Vice-President, Administrative Services, Associate Vice-President, Facilities Management, and other administration staff will also serve as resources as required. Budget to cover meeting expenses, photocopying and other related activities will be housed in the Office of the University Secretariat.\nThe records of the Committee’s decisions shall be maintained by the Office of the University Secretariat in the form of correspondence related to those decisions, legal documents, and/or minutes of meetings as appropriate.\nThis is a standing committee of the Board of Governors.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://concrete.mixers.constructiondir.com/", "date": "2018-02-22T06:21:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891814036.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20180222061730-20180222081730-00556.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9217090606689453, "token_count": 1647, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__26304149", "lang": "en", "text": "Utranazz has an extensive range of new, used and ex-demonstration equipment available from stock for either sale or hire. The list of equipment includes self-loading rough terrain concrete mixers, self-loading truck mixers, standard concrete mixer trucks, remix units, concrete pumps, batching plants, cement silos, volumetric concrete mixers and standard mini-mix truck mixers. Part-exchange allowances, finance packages, hire-with-option-to-purchase and guaranteed repurchase schemes offered.\nCountry: United Kingdom\nSouth African manufacturer of concrete block, brick and paving machinery, turbine and counter-current pan mixers and batching plants for the concrete, refactory and ceramic industries. Pan Mixers S.A. is a leading manufacturer of a wide range of concrete block, brick and paving machinery, turbine and counter-current pan mixers and batching plants for the Concrete, Refactory and Ceramic industries. Pan Mixers have been servicing the needs of local and overseas customers since 1976. PMSA brickmaking machinery, in the Johannesburg area alone, produces 2 000 000 bricks per day.\nCountry: South Africa\nDesign and manufacture mortar mixers, concrete mixers, ground thawing heaters and concrete saws. Features product data, specifications, and online videos. Screed King power screeds and magnesium screed bars, Heat King mobile glycol ground thawing systems, Concrete buggy, concrete saws and a complete line of cement and mortar mixers designed for the ultimate in safety and reliability. Quality construction products attract quality customers.\nProduces concrete and mortar mixers for the European market. The professional competence of all our staff guarantees the quality and reliability of each single machine and, beside that, enables a constant and prompt after-sale service. Plenty of in stock supply of all models of concrete mixers, ensures a quick delivery all over the year.\nManufacturer of mobile and stationary volumetric concrete mixers . Zimmerman Industries, Inc. has been and continues to be the driving force within the mobile concrete industry over the past 40 years. Our Zim-Mixer volumetric concrete mixers are designed to carry the sand, stone, cement, and water in separate compartments and by doing so provide many advantages to you.\nManufacturers of pumps for wet shotcrete, concrete pumping and grouting. Blastcrete manufactures and sells affordable, easy to use concrete mixers, concrete pumps, and shotcrete sprayers. We stock a full line of accessories and replacement parts.\nSupplies and manufactures concrete pumps, grouting, guniting and shotcrete equipment and concrete block making machinery. Includes a detailed product listing and specification. Concrete pumps ,cement mixers, shotcrete machines, gunite, block and brick making machines from SEM.\nCountry: South Africa\nAcme Concrete Mixers Pvt Ltd is an established name in the building construction equipment manufacturing industry. We are counted among the paramount manufacturers and suppliers of Reversible Drum Mixer, Concrete Batching Plant, Tough Rider, Concrete Mixer, Tower Hoist, Sand Screening Machine, Construction Platforms, etc. We have received appreciation from the valuable clients for excellent quality and outstanding performance of the equipment manufactured by us. Ethical business policies, customer centric approach, robust infrastructural base and ardent team of professionals form the pillars of the organization. We ensure to meet the specific requisites of the clients and attain the top most level of customer satisfaction. Our competence to deliver equipment within the stipulated time frame has made us a prominent business entity in the market. We endeavor to maintain cordial relations with the clients in the long run. Acme Concrete Mixers Pvt Ltd is a one stop shop for availing all kinds of building construction equipment. The extensive range of building construction equipment available with us has gained appreciation from the clients for their excellent performance and durability. Duly tested on various parameters of quality and excellence, the construction equipment we offer have found their application in building construction industry. We have carved a niche for ourselves as one of the prime manufacturers and suppliers of building construction equipment in India.\nManufacturer of concrete pumps, truck mounted pumps, and concrete placing booms. Includes a listing of dealers. Schwing is the leading manufacturer of concrete equipment including concrete pumps, recyclers, truck mixers and accessories. Our material handling division serves municipal and industrial customers with sludge pumps, feeding, storage and drying equipment to produce Class 'A' EQ biosolids solutions.\nManufacture cement and concrete truck drum mixers. Includes brief product overviews. De La Rosa Manufacturing is a quality-driven company serving the ready mixed concrete industry, offering a superior alternative to the industry standard.In response to industry demand, we deliver excellent value in three important areas.\nManufacturers of mobile concrete mixers. The Elkin Hi-Tech Concrete Cart is built to haul ready-to-place material from a batch plant to your job site. Available in 1 to 2 cubic yards, the cart is equipped with an adjustable hitch, hydraulic surge brakes, and a lighting package for highway towing. Easy to operate, the cart is ideal for hauling numerous materials.\nManufacturer of stationary and mobile concrete batching plants with computerized controls. France. Our spare parts service is at your all disposal for all kind of orders concerning concrete batching plant, concrete truck mixers, ... MAINTENANCE * Diagnosis contract In a view to anticipate mechanical incidents on concrete batching plants, we propose you a diagnosis contract at the year. this one consists in undertake a detailed check up of the plant: Concrete plant check up report of the check up Offers concerning urgent operations * Maintenance contract This contract consists in a periodical visit of the plant to verfy essential elements for the good functioning of the installation such that: Tension ot straps Oil level Greasing, ...\nManufacture and rent grout mixers and pumps. Includes product specifications. routation are specialists in the field of pressure grouting equipment - manufacturing grout pumps and grout mixers. Here are some applications and areas of utilisation for grouting equipment.\nCountry: United Kingdom\nProduces custom made equipment for the concrete industry including pumps, mixers and volumetric glass choppers. Gulfstream Manufacturing Group is an American Corporation specializing in machinery and equipment manufacturing for a broad range of growing concrete and cement related industries World Wide. These include the rapidly changing fields of GFRC, GFRG, PVRC and various other materials.\nELKON was founded in Istanbul in 1975. During last 32 years, It has succesfully accomplished the design, production, installation, commissioning and after sales service of concrete batching plants, stationary (trailer type) concrete pumps, concrete recycling plants, concrete mixers, conveyor systems and various industrial facilities. Our company ELKON has performed designing, manufacturing, installing, commissioning and after sales servicing of 40 different models of concrete batching plants and 2 different models of trailer type concrete pumps successfully in more than 50 different countries. ELKON continues its activities in 1200 m² Head quarters in Esentepe, Istanbul and in it’s three different modern factories as ELKON 1 (Concrete Batching Plant and Mixer Factory), ELKON 2 (Mobile Concrete Batching Plant and Aggregate Bunker Factory) and ELKON 3 (Cement Silo and Transfer Conveyor Factory) in Cherkezkoy which are totally built on 40.000 m² open space and consist of 20.000 m² closed area.\nMobile and stationary concrete mixers and batch plants. Cemen Tech, with over 30 years of experience, is the world's largest manufacturer of volumetric proportioning and continuous mixing systems.\nGrouting equipment manufacturer, grout pumps, paddle and collidal grout mixers. ChemGrout manufactures quality grouting equipment (grout mixers, grout pumps, and colloidal plants) at a fair price with outstanding customer service.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.99homeplans.com/p/digging-a-well-in-the-field-and-cost/", "date": "2024-02-23T10:59:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474377.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223085439-20240223115439-00697.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9242828488349915, "token_count": 960, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__101168307", "lang": "en", "text": "Digging a well in the field can be a great way to access groundwater for irrigation, livestock watering, or other agricultural purposes. However, it’s important to take certain precautions before, during, and after the well-digging process to ensure that the well is safe, effective, and sustainable.\nBefore digging a well, it’s important to research local regulations, obtain any necessary permits, and consult with a hydrogeologist or other groundwater expert. During the digging process, it’s important to monitor the depth, diameter, and quality of the well, as well as the type of soil and rock being excavated. After the well is dug, it’s important to properly cap and seal the well, test the water quality, and maintain the well over time to ensure that it remains a reliable source of groundwater for years to come.\nDigging a Well Stage wise Process:\nBefore Digging a Well: Factors to Consider During the Digging Process: What to Keep in Mind After Digging a Well: Maintenance and Safety\nBefore Digging a Well: Factors to Consider\nDigging a well on your property can provide a reliable source of water, but there are several factors to consider before starting the process. These include:\n- Location: Choose a location that is far from septic tanks, sewage systems, and other sources of contamination.\n- Water availability: Determine if there is an adequate amount of water available in the location you have selected.\n- Permit: Check with your local government for any permits or regulations that may apply to digging a well.\n- Depth: Determine the depth of the well you need, depending on your water needs and the geology of the area.\n- Budget: Consider the cost of digging a well, which may vary depending on factors such as the location, depth, and type of well.\nDuring the Digging Process: What to Keep in Mind\nDigging a well can be a dangerous and challenging process, so it’s important to take certain precautions to ensure safety and success. Here are some things to consider:\n- Hire a Professional: It’s important to hire a professional to dig the well to ensure the process is done safely and correctly.\n- Proper Equipment: Ensure that the equipment being used is appropriate for the job and is in good working condition.\n- Safety Precautions: Take all necessary safety precautions to protect yourself and others during the digging process.\n- Monitor Progress: Monitor the progress of the well digging to ensure that it is being done correctly and effectively.\nAfter Digging a Well: Maintenance and Safety\nOnce the well has been dug, it’s important to properly maintain it to ensure that it remains a reliable source of water. Here are some things to consider:\n- Sanitation: Ensure that the well is properly sanitized to prevent contamination and ensure safe drinking water.\n- Testing: Test the water regularly to ensure that it is safe and free of contaminants.\n- Maintenance: Regularly maintain the well to ensure that it continues to function properly and efficiently.\n- Safety Measures: Take all necessary safety measures, such as installing a well cap and fencing around the well, to prevent accidents and protect the well from contamination.\nDigging a well cost:-\nThe cost of digging a well can vary widely depending on several factors such as location, depth, type of well, and the cost of labor and equipment. On average, the cost of digging a well can range from a few thousand dollars to tens of thousands of dollars. For example, a shallow well may cost around $500 to $2,000, while a deep well may cost upwards of $5,000 or more. It’s important to research and obtain estimates from multiple well contractors to get an accurate idea of the cost of digging a well in your specific location and circumstances.\nHere is a table summarizing the stages of the well digging process:-\nChoose a location away from contamination sources\nHire a professional to dig the well\nSanitize the well to prevent contamination\nDetermine water availability\nEnsure appropriate equipment and safety precautions\nTest water regularly for contaminants\nCheck for permits and regulations\nMonitor progress of well digging\nRegularly maintain the well\nDetermine necessary well depth\nTake safety measures to protect the well and prevent accidents\nDigging a well on your property can be a great way to ensure a reliable source of water, but it’s important to carefully consider all factors before, during, and after the process. By taking proper precautions and following maintenance guidelines, you can ensure that your well remains a safe and efficient source of water for years to come.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.tenard.com/posttensioning", "date": "2024-02-25T21:15:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474643.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225203035-20240225233035-00735.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9248979687690735, "token_count": 3425, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__61591970", "lang": "en", "text": "APPLICATION OF POST-TENSION TECHNOLOGY IN MODERN CONSTRUCTION\nModern developers and designers in their work strive to provide a high level of structural flexibility of structures to meet the ever-changing demands of customers. Using the post-tension system, large spans of buildings are constructed with a lower structural height of the beam, which allows to increase the area free from columns. As a result, the internal layout does not depend on the placement of the column grid. Prevention of deflection, cracks and the use of jointless floors free designers from the need to comply with numerous restrictions on the construction of reinforced concrete structures.\nWith the help of a post-tension system without coupling prestressed reinforcement with concrete, our organization erected many buildings. The system involves the use of ropes, which are individually tensioned and firmly fixed using special elements.\nThe participants of the commercial construction segment benefit from the use of monostrand after tension , since the thinning of the floors reduces the weight construction. In addition, there is a reduction in the duration of construction work due to the possibility of earlier dismantling of the formwork.\nFacilitation of the building structure due to prestressing reinforcement in the shell, as well as the organization of uninterrupted power supply and architectural lighting are the main advantages in the construction of multi-storey parking lots using post-tension compared to the use of prefabricated structures. Tensile reinforcing ropes for soil slabs help to extend their service life, as they prevent cracking and increase resistance to the influence of aggressive environments: swelling soil, underwater and sewage.\nAfter-tension floor slabs increase the earthquake resistance of the structure. The advantage of the after-stress system in the construction of silos, nuclear reactors and fuel storage tanks is a constant level of compressive force, which eliminates cracks and prevents leaks.\nIn our monostrand post-stress system, we use ropes with a diameter of 15, 2 mm 0, 6 ”, coated with a special anti-corrosion coating and enclosed in an extruded plastic sheath. Coating and plastic sheath serve as double anti-corrosion protection and prevent the rope from adhering to concrete.\nThe plastic shell is made of polyethylene and has a thickness of 1.5-2.0 mm. To provide corrosion protection in an aggressive environment, special adapters are used that connect the plastic shell with anchors. Each anchor has a protective cap. Characteristic features of the monostrand system are the presence of factory anticorrosive grease, low friction losses, etc. Light and flexible elements of the system are mounted quickly and simply, which makes it possible to talk about its economy.\n1.1. General information\nOver the years, the post-tension system has played an important role in the construction of bridges and storage tanks. The reason for success lies in decisive technical and economic advantages.\nThe following are the most important benefits of monostrand post-tension:\n• Compared to traditional technology, when using this technology, there is a saving in the concrete and reinforcement used, which makes the structure more flexible;\n• high resistance to cracking and good corrosion protection of steel;\n• operational reliability under excessive load, since after the termination of the load the cracks converge and disappear;\n• high degree of strength due to variation in the amplitude of the tension under the influence of a variable load.\nIn addition to the previously mentioned general characteristics of the after-voltage system, the advantages of post-tension floor slabs over reinforced concrete slabs can be listed:\n• Cost-effectiveness of structures through the use of high-strength steel, which differs in its performance characteristics from traditionally used steel;\n• large spans and flexibility of the structure - this leads to a decrease in the weight of the structure, which favorably affects the columns and the foundation, as well as to a decrease in the overall height of the structure (Fig. 2);\n• resistance to the formation of deflections under the influence of a constant load;\n• high shear strength.\nFig. 2 Dependence of plate thickness on span length\nThis technology is the most preferable for the construction of flat slabs with sizes from 6 to 10 meters. The design design for such overlap involves the use of a monostrand grid (0.6 \"- 0.62\") with a cross-sectional area of 140-150 mm2. Strands are placed along the spatial lattice for a long-term floor, anchors - along the perimeter and fixed in the center. The half-term load value is calculated by adding half the value of the temporary load to the dead weight of the structure Under these conditions, the slab is subjected only to axial forces without bending moment and shear.\nIf the variable load is below 30% of the total load, the calculation is statistically determined, since the bending moment is created only when +/- half of the variable load is applied.\nTypically, the compressive stress in floor slabs with spans of 6-10 m is less than 2.5 N / mm2.\nAdvantages of using this technology:\n• Lack of automatic calculations\n• Lack of bending moment of vertical structures (supporting columns and walls), arising under the influence of a long load, and as a result, the consumption of the bending stability margin to counter horizontal loads\n• Smooth floor surface\n• Water tightness of the surface of the floors due to the absence of cracks\n• Reduction of construction time due to the possibility of earlier form stripping (tension is possible 2-3 days after concreting, upon reaching concrete strength Fck> = 150 kg / cm2)\n• Possibility of making holes in the structure itself and, in the presence of special conditions, in supporting columns\n• When constructing this type of structure, the safety coefficient is approximately 3, and during the construction of conventional structures, the value of this coefficient approaches 1.75. The use of low-skilled labor leads to minor construction flaws, but generally does not affect the design\nitself. Highly qualified specialists are required only for rope tensioning operations (1 or 2 people).\n1.2 Post-tension with or without subsequent traction of prestressing reinforcement with concrete\n1.2.1 Post-tension followed by traction of prestressing reinforcement with concrete\nAs you know, the method of post-tensioning consists in placing a steel strand in a round corrugated channel former (or channel) and in its subsequent tension. After injection of the channel with cement mortar, the rope adheres to concrete. Since in thin-walled floors of a building there is a strong decrease in the eccentricity of prestressed steel - especially at the intersection points - flat channels are most popular (see Fig. 4). As a rule, 4 strand ropes with a nominal cross-sectional diameter of 15 mm are placed in such channels.\n1.2.2. Post-tension without subsequent adhesion of prestressed reinforcement to concrete\nIn the early stages of the emergence of the post-tension system in Europe, the method was used without coupling prestressed reinforcement with concrete. Over time, this method has been used less and less. And only after many years, structures began to be erected again through post-tensioning with clutch.\nIn the USA, the first application of this method had its own peculiarities: a steel rope was wrapped in grass and wrapped in wrapping paper in order to facilitate its longitudinal movement during tension.\nOver the past few years, the method of manufacturing a plastic shell has become widely used. It consists in the fact that the strand is coated with anticorrosive grease at the manufacturing plant or company that provides services for tensioning reinforcement. Then the strand is placed in an extruded plastic pipe made of polyethylene or polypropylene, 1,5/2,0 mm thick. A plastic pipe is the first degree of corrosion protection, and lubrication is the second. Such strands are called monostrends. (Fig. 3) The nominal cross-sectional diameter of the used rope is 15,2/15,7 mm\nFig. 3. The structure of the rope with anti-corrosion grease, placed in a plastic shell.\n1.2.3 Preference for one of two types of overtension.\nThe issue of preference for one of the two types of overtension has been and remains relevant to this day. We will not consider it in detail, but only give the most compelling arguments for and against.\nArguments for a post-tension system:\n• The maximum eccentricity of the rope due to its minimum diameter (is of particular importance for thin-walled ceilings) (see Fig. 4);\n• corrosion protection is applied to reinforcing strands at the manufacturing plant;\n• simplicity and speed of strand placement;\n• minimal loss of stress forces due to friction;\n• lack of need for pouring with cement mortar;\n• more economical method.\nFig. 4 Comparison of eccentricity can be made with different types of strands.\nArguments for a Post-tension clutch system:\n• Greater ultimate bending moment;\n• in case of local destruction of the strand (as a result of fire, explosion, earthquake), a limited section is damaged.\n2. DETAILED PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS\n2.1 Placement of the strands\nThe thickness of post-tensioned floors is less than the thickness of traditional reinforced concrete floors. This is primarily due to the effect of load distribution (balancing), as shown in Fig. 5-6. Along the spans, the deflecting force caused by the deflection of the rope acts on the concrete as opposed to the load.\nFig. 5 Transverse components and forces resulting from overtension\nIn places where the bending of the reinforcement changes direction, for example, on supports, the deflecting force of the reinforcement acts downward, directing the stress forces to the vertical elements. Thus, the system shown in Fig. 7, can be compared with a grating stretched between supports, the voltage of which is transmitted to concrete. The amount of necessary reinforcement is taken so that it can guarantee a given percentage of stability and withstand the weight of the floor. This percentage depends on the ratio of total load and long-term load, and, as a rule, varies between 70 and 130%. For floors of residential or office buildings with a temporary load of 3 to 4 kN / m2 and a long load of 1 kN / m2,\n70-90% of its own weight is taken into account, for floors with a greater long-term load - 100% of its own weight. In addition to improving the characteristics of the slabs due to resistance to formation, one should remember the effect on the behavior of the slab, which is created by axial compression stress during post-stress. Provided that there are no significant restrictions, the compression stress neutralizes a part of the stress that occurs when a part of the loads is unbalanced by the forces induced by the reinforcement. Typically, in post-stressed ceilings, the compression stress indicator varies from 1.0 to 2.5 N / mm2.\nFig. 6 Principle of load balancing\nLet's look at the ratio of height to span. With a small load of up to 3.5 kN / m2 and provided that the shear stress index at pressure is not critical, the thickness of the after-stress floor can be 1/40 of the length of the largest span (for internal panels), while in reinforced concrete floors the thickness is 1/30 span. If the columns have overhead slabs, then the height to span ratio can be increased to 1/45 for post-voltage ceilings and 1/35 for reinforced concrete floors. With increasing load, the height to span ratio decreases.\nTo balance the increased random load, you can’t just increase the amount of post-tension , but you need to design larger thickness ceilings taking into account the sag.\nThe use of post-tensioned concrete, in particular concrete with reinforcement without adhesion, requires consideration of some design principles that differ from standard ones. The problem that most often occurs in the design of buildings is the location of the joints of floors, walls and between walls and floors. Unfortunately, it is impossible to provide general explanations on this issue, since there are a number of aspects of the pros and cons. There are basically two main aspects to consider:\n• Ultimate Strength (Safety)\n• Horizontal displacement (limiting working condition)\n2.2.1. Impact on ultimate load capacity\nIf only the loss of the bearing capacity of the structure is taken into account, it is recommended to completely avoid joints, because each of them represents interrupts the integrity of the structure and reduces its strength. In the case of prestressed ceilings with reinforcement without adhesion, the monolithic structure contributes to the action of bending, which leads to an increase in ultimate load.\nFig. 8 Influence of the action of the joints type on the bearing capacity\n2.2.2. Serviceability limit\nIn buildings without joints under the influence of horizontal displacements, cracks in the supporting structure can occur. Offsets can be caused by the following factors:\n• Concrete shrinkage\n• Elastic shortening due to tension\n• Creep of concrete\nIn the concrete structure, the following average values of reductions and elongations take place:\nConcrete shrinkage DLcs = -0.25 mm / m\nThermal expansion DLct = -0.25 mm / m to +0.15 mm / m\nElastic shortening DLcel = -0.05 mm / m\n(for medium centric\novervoltage 1.5 N / mm2 and\nEl = 30kN / mm2\nCreep of concrete DLcc = -0.15 mm / m\nThese indicators should be appropriate to local environmental conditions.\nAfter deciding on the location of the joints, the full displacements of the floors, walls and supports, their dynamics and the deformation of the foundation must be taken into account.\nHorizontal offsets can be partially reduced or prevented by appropriate measures (e.g. clearances).\nShrinkage: Concrete is subject to shrinkage. The degree of shrinkage depends on the following factors: the proportion of water and cement, the size of the cross section and the percentage of humidity in the environment. Shortening due to shrinkage can be reduced by half with the help of temporary joints.\nThermal expansion: Regarding the effect of temperature, the difference in temperature between the individual structural components and the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials is important. In structures of a closed type, not subject to atmospheric phenomena, floors and walls are subject to low temperature fluctuations. Exterior walls and exposed ceilings are subject to large temperature fluctuations. Particular attention should be paid to the connections between floors and elements made of other materials.\n3. PRODUCTION OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS\n3.1. General information\nThe process of building post-tensioned floors is very similar to the construction of ordinary reinforced concrete floors. The difference lies in the placement of the reinforcement, its tension and the time to complete the work. Rebar placement work is divided into three stages. First, reinforcement is placed around the perimeter of the future structure, then channel formers are laid and firmly fixed. The next step is to place the top layer of conventional reinforcement. Strand tension and, in the case of using reinforcement with a clutch, injection are additional work, if we compare this process with the construction of a conventional reinforced concrete floor. Given that tensioning work can only be carried out by qualified specialists who have the right to carry out these works, the construction company workers can continue their main work without stopping.\nAn important distinguishing feature of this technology is the speed of dismantling the formwork. Depending on the quality of the concrete and the ambient temperature, the minimum period between pouring concrete and dismantling the formwork is 48/72 hours. As soon as concrete gains the necessary strength, full or partial tension of the floor begins, after which it is possible to disassemble and reassemble the formwork for the construction of the next section of the floor. This separation is dictated by the geometry of the structure itself, dimensions, layout, sequence of work, the use of formwork, etc.\nThe weight of the newly poured slab should be distributed by formwork to the underlying slabs. Given that this weight is less than the weight of already constructed floors from ordinary concrete, the cost of supporting structures is usually lower.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://cnma.ca/6-strongest-roofing-materials/", "date": "2023-06-08T11:59:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224654871.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20230608103815-20230608133815-00297.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9446070194244385, "token_count": 815, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__228859342", "lang": "en", "text": "Maintaining a safe and sound dwelling requires a solid roof. There are many benefits to replacing your roof, but most homeowners avoid it because of the effort and expense. The installation of new roofing has many positive benefits for the home, including increasing its value on the market, reducing expenses for utility, making it safer and more secure, and creating a more welcoming first impression.\nWhat are the various types of roofing?\nHomeowners will want to replace their roofs after studying these benefits. The cost of the roof and dealing with the hassle of the moment will be well worth it. The roof installation usually isn’t more than a day, so you won’t be dealing with the hassle of construction for long. Before contacting a roofing company, it is essential to determine the kind of roof you want. The top six options for roofing are listed below:\nClay tiles are stunning that can be found in rich reds, browns, and oranges. The material is durable and robust, with a life span lasting up to 100 years when placed in the right conditions. Clay tiles cost more than other materials due to their outstanding quality. You should also be aware that clay tiles do not work with all types of homes. The roofing material is perfect for Spanish and Mediterranean-style homes.\nAnother excellent flooring material for roofs is concrete. It offers the same advantages as clay: it’s attractive and durable, lasting up to 50 years with proper care. Concrete, unlike clay, provides more excellent design options. It comes in a variety of colors, ranging from sandy beige to chilly river green. Due to its strength and weight, concrete can be used in windy weather conditions. Dundas roofing services offers restoration, feel free to visit them for more information.\nBecause of its environmental friendliness and durability, it is among the top roofing materials. There are two types of metal roofs available. Seamed metal roofing, made of interlocking sheets to prevent moisture retention, is offered. Seamed metal roofs typically last 20 to 30 years; however, they can last up to 75 years if given the proper maintenance.\nAnother kind of metal roof is one comprised of shingles or shakes. Shakes or shingles from metal are treated in a unique coating to enhance their durability. With this roofing product, you have unlimited design options since metal can be a substitute for many different substances, like asphalt or wood. Your roof is expected to last between 30 and 50 years. Metal, among the best roofing materials, creates shingles on a roof.\nSlate is an aesthetically pleasing and durable roofing material that is attractive and durable. This natural stone comes in many colors, like red, purple, and green. A slate roof should last for a long time. They can last for at least 200 years. Having a roof for your new home is not necessary if you find professional roofing contractors.\nAsphalt Compound Roofing\nAsphalt composite shingles could be the best choice if you work with a small budget. Asphalt composite shingles are the most popular choice among homeowners due to their low cost. These shingles often come with a lifetime warranty, so you won’t need to pay more for repairs. Asphalt roofs have a lifespan of between 12 and 30 years. Feel free to click here for more information.\nWood shingles or shakes are perfect for a classic, beautiful, elegant roof. Due to their stunning appearance, they are often utilized in luxury homes. However, you should know that using wood is not suitable for all households. Because it isn’t impervious to fire or moisture, living in a place with these limitations is necessary. Your investment may last for as long as 60 years in the appropriate conditions. In humid environments, life expectancy decreases to 20 to 30 years.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.building-blackthorns.co.uk/planning/our-philosophy/", "date": "2020-01-20T13:14:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250598726.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20200120110422-20200120134422-00374.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9589874148368835, "token_count": 182, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__211378321", "lang": "en", "text": "We would like to be as eco-friendly as we can afford for the new house.\nThe frame incorporates a lot of insulation, but we will be adding more on the inside, with triple glazed windows to make the house as air-tight as possible. Ventilation will be provided by a whole house Mechanical Ventilation & Heat Recovery system, minimising heat loss while providing a comfortable environment.\nThere will be an air-source heat pump with under-floor heating, and a small wood burner in the living room for those extra cold days.\nWe would love to have PV panels on the roof, but do not think our current budget will stretch to it. However, the wiring will be put in during the build so that it can be retrofitted later with minimum disruption.\nUpdate October 2013 - we have all the above, including the PV panels, paid for out of the VAT refund.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://data.labins.org/2003/SurveyData/WaterBoundary/EpochNotice/epoch.htm", "date": "2014-12-22T23:23:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-52/segments/1418802777295.134/warc/CC-MAIN-20141217075257-00030-ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8498358130455017, "token_count": 384, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-52", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-52__0__202687947", "lang": "en", "text": "NATIONAL TIDAL DATUM EPOCH 1983-2001 (NTDE 83-01)\nNTDE is a specific 19-year period over which tide observations are taken to determine Mean Sea Level and other tidal datums such as Mean Low Water and Mean High Water. The current update defines the 19-year period as 1983-2001. A tidal datum is a vertical reference based on a specific stage of tide that serves as a baseline elevation to which sounding depths or topographic heights are referenced. The 19-year period includes an 18.6 year astronomical cycle that accounts for all significant variations in the moon and sun that cause slowly varying changes in the range of tide. NTDE 83-01 is adopted to assure that tidal datum determinations throughout the United States will be based on one specific common reference period.\nThe State of Florida, Department of Environmental Protection, Division of State Lands, Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (BSM) working in conjunction with CO-OPS continue to process tidal datums on NTDE 83-01 and shown on the BSM Land Boundary Information System (LABINS) website. Mean High Water Surveys or studies are based on NTDE 83-01 and referenced to North American Vertical Datum adjustment of 1988 (NAVD88) with the unit of measurement being in feet. Professional Surveyors and Mappers may continue to establish tidal datums referenced to local tidal datum (LTD) if impractical to reference tidal datums to NAVD88.\nFor further general information about the update, please contact:\nSteve Gill at 301-713-2981 Extension 139, or Stephen.Gill@noaa.gov\nFor specific information about the tidal datum to be used at your location, please contact:\nLamar Evers at 850-245-2606 or Lamar.Evers@dep.state.fl.us", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.romans.co.uk/surveyors/building-survey", "date": "2022-08-16T09:41:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00786.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8897374868392944, "token_count": 320, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__170700732", "lang": "en", "text": "Building Surveys FAQs\nWhat is a Building Survey?\nThe RICS Building Survey gives you a comprehensive structural report tailored to suit your property, highlighting defects, repairs and maintenance options. This type of survey is essential for larger or older properties, or if you’re planning major works.\nIn essence, a RICS Building Survey:\n- Aims to establish how the property is built, what materials are used and how these will perform in the future\n- Aims to describe visible defects, plus exposing potential problems posed by hidden defects\n- Aims to outline the repair options and give you a repair timeline, while explaining the consequences of not acting\n- Provides specific comments on energy efficiency\n- Describes the construction and condition of the property on the date of the inspection\n- Aims to identify any problems that need urgent attention or are serious\n- Aims to identify things that need to be investigated to prevent further damage\n- Aims to tell you about problems that may be dangerous\n- Aims to show up potential issues and defects, before any transaction takes place\n- Aims to help you decide whether you need extra advice before committing to your purchase\n- Allows you to budget for any repairs or restoration\n- Provides advice on the amount of ongoing maintenance required in the future\nGet advice from an industry expert Luke McAndrew, BSc, MRICS\nLuke undertakes, Building Surveys, HomeBuyer Reports, Party Wall matters, construction monitoring, project management, architectural design,schedules of condition & dilapidation.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://4everrestoration.com/10-frequently-asked-questions-answered-about-wet-basements/", "date": "2024-04-15T15:07:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817002.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415142720-20240415172720-00389.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.923957347869873, "token_count": 957, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__87199323", "lang": "en", "text": "10 Frequently Asked Questions Answered About Wet Basements\nSome basements are partially or fully underground. Others are more above grade. Either way, a basement should not be eternally wet. This will be especially true if the area is finished off into living space.\n1. What are the signs of a wet basement?\nThere are some signs of a wet or damp basement. You might notice damp, musty smells; these smells may even migrate to the floors above. There are be signs in the basement of mildew or mold. Water stains may be present. Concrete blocks or concrete can show signs of efflorescence, indicating the seepage or wicking of water.\n2. What exactly is efflorescence?\nWhen porous material gets wet, a salt can move to the front of the material, forming a coating. The masonry will appear to have a whitish fluffy appearance. The tricky part is that the efflorescence may be cosmetic, or it may indicate structural problems. Issues may develop of the process is breaking down the concrete or masonry on which it grows.\n3. What are the primary causes of a wet basement?\nLeaks or breaks from inside pipes are a source of moisture. Overflows from fixtures above can also intrude into the lowest level of the home. Floods or heavy rains can be problematic, especially if drain pipes overflow or drainage and grading are inadequate. But excess humidity can be the culprit as well.\n4. What problems can a wet basement cause?\nHigh moisture content or standing water can lead to mold growth. As mold feeds on organic building materials such as wood and the paper on the insulation, mold can deteriorate any material it feeds on. As discussed earlier, the foundation of a home can be severely affected as well. If water gets into the masonry joints and temperatures are not controlled, freezing and thawing can move foundation walls over time. Wet insulation is failed insulation, and corrosion around pipes can lead to joint failure and water damage.\n5. Can a wet basement create problems for my living spaces?\nYes, they can. The loss of structural integrity in the joists, beams below can endanger the home above. Subflooring installed over the joists is a base for the flooring above, and warping or disintegration of the subfloor will affect any flooring installed over it. The air quality of the home can be diminished. As much as 50% of the air from a basement can enter the first floor of a house. This air may contain contaminants. Energy costs are also a consideration.\n6. Are basements with dirt floors more susceptible to being wet?\nYes. This is because water can wick up through the dirt. Even if there is no standing water present, the air can become saturated with moisture and damage building materials. Rising levels of groundwater during times of flooding and severe rain can increase problems.\n7. What are some options for drying my basement?\nThe EPA states that controlling moisture in the basement is critical. They suggest using moisture, resistant building materials. Also, monitor the relative humidity in the basement. Make sure that grading and drainage systems keep water away from the foundation. Dehumidifiers and sump pumps are also a good idea.\n8. Where can I check in my basement for water problems?\nCheck around the pipes for even small leaks or holes. Pay special attention to joints. Look for efflorescence, mold, mildew, and staining anywhere. Notice smells. Look around the perimeter of the basement where the foundation walls meet the floor.\n9. What is involved in basement waterproofing?\nAny holes or cracks in masonry should be filled in. Dirt floors can be covered with a vapor barrier. Specially formulated paints can be applied to walls. Waterproofing can require more costly repairs, however. Sometimes earth around the home needs to be pushed aside so that waterproofing can be applied to outside foundation walls. Drainage and grading may need to be adjusted to keep water flow away from home. Probably a homeowner should employ the services of a reputable waterproofing company. They will have the qualifications, equipment, and experience to diagnose problems and employ effective solutions.\n10. Is waterproofing done inside or outside of the home better?\nThe EPA suggests that waterproofing materials applied to the outside foundation walls are the most effective. Water is kept from entering the basement area in the first place using this technique. Landscaping materials can be used to enhance drainage around the outside of the house as well. This would be a benefit because high relative humidity will be easier to control, and water removal costs will be limited to internal water intrusion.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://1031sponsors.com/1031-dst-properties-list/br-glenwood-dst/", "date": "2021-04-17T01:27:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038098638.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20210417011815-20210417041815-00088.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9470805525779724, "token_count": 322, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__223420476", "lang": "en", "text": "East Atlanta is undergoing a transformation of infill redevelopment highlighted by several projects built around the continuing evolution of the Beltline. Completed projects include:\nGLENWOOD PARK: a mixed-use neighborhood designed around the principles of New Urbanism near the BeltLine.\nINMAN PARK/QUARTER: a highly desirable infill neighborhood along the BeltLine with luxury apartments as well as other housing types.\nTHE JANE, GRANT PARK: a recently completed mixeduse re-development in historic Grant Park with a mix of restaurants, pubs, bakeries, and coffeeshops.\nKROG STREET MARKET: a re-developed 1920s warehousealong the BeltLine, where vendors sell produce, goods, andprepared foods.\nPONCE CITY MARKET: a full renovation of the old Sears and Roebuck building is presently a marketplace of artisan chefs with a high-end retail, office, and residential component located along the BeltLine.\nThe Atlanta BeltLine is the most comprehensive transportation and economic development effort ever undertaken in the City of Atlanta and among the largest, most wide-ranging urban redevelopment programs currently underway in the United States. The Atlanta BeltLine is a sustainable re-development project that is transforming the city. It will ultimately connect 45 intown neighborhoods via a 22-mile loop of multi-use trails, modern streetcars, and parks – all based on railroad corridors that formerly encircled Atlanta. When completed, it will provide first and last mile connectivity for regional transportation initiatives and put Atlanta on a path to 21st century economic growth and sustainability.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.ramjackcharlotte.com/preconst.html", "date": "2013-05-25T14:51:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705956734/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120556-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.95628821849823, "token_count": 810, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__204095731", "lang": "en", "text": "|Pre-Construction Foundation Anchor|\nPreserve the value of your new home or building\nHelical anchors installed prior to construction prevent downward settlement before it starts. By monitoring hydraulic pressures, anchors are load tested as they are installed.\nExcerpted from Professional Engineer:\nHow many times on a new construction site have you heard, Weve got a problem? In the pre-construction stages, this might very well mean that in digging down to the expected subgrade elevation for the foundation, the contractors have discovered that the soil is too soft to place the footings. Poor soil conditions are particularly common in the Triassic basins found throughout North Carolina.\nDespite more than 20 years solid presence in the industry, piering is not well known in the building community, which is why it is often not used, even when conditions might suggest it is the best option.\nThe piers pass through the poor soil strata including expansive soils that are affected by changes in moisture content, organic material that will decay with time, and loose or soft soils (either natural or man made fills) that would settle under the weight of the structure all of which potentially lead to foundation problems and support the structure on deeper, more stable soils that can provide adequate support to the structure.\nRick Sykes, owner of Ram Jack NC in Durham, says, The biggest advantage is that helical anchors installed prior to construction prevent downward settlement before it starts. By monitoring hydraulic pressures, anchors are load tested as they are installed. Its foundation repair done right at the start.\nGiven the opportunity, Sykes tells builders, Before the footings for the foundation go in, contact an engineer to have your soil tested for load-bearing capacity and expansive clay content. Steel reinforcing bars and larger, deeper footings may prevent settlement from occurring. Often, installing new construction piers prior to pouring the concrete footings is the answer.\nAdmay concurs, saying, To install a helical pier properly, a soil test should be performed by a geotechnical engineer to determine how deep the pier must be installed to bear in a strata with adequate strength to support the structure. The engineer determines the layout of the pier and the reinforcing required in the footings and slabs. The piers should be laid out by a surveyor before a specialized crew comes in to install the piers.\nHelical piers are turned into the ground much like a corkscrew. Each pier has one or more flights, which are like blades that draw down the pier and anchor it into the ground. Sykes states, Not all piering is the same. You need to consider the best quality equipment, as well as long-term issues such as warranty. Ram Jack provides a transferable life-of-structure warranty on our helical piering, and while we are locally owned, we are backed by the equipment and expertise of a more than 30-year-old national leader in the foundation construction and repair industry. With Ram Jacks patented helical piering system, soft soil below 4 to 5 feet becomes moot.\nHelical piers are screwed into the ground and held in place with their flights, so they support more than just downward pressure they can also resist uplift forces. In other words, they can be used as tiebacks for retaining walls and bulkheads, or uplift anchors for signs and other light structures. Also, builders can use helical piers as tiebacks in conjunction with vertical piers on hillside lots to resist both settlement and lateral movement.\nThis system successfully supports structures in virtually all soil conditions, and it can be used for stabilizing foundations and slabs built on questionable soil, as well as seismic protection, tieback anchoring, deadman anchoring and fixture anchoring. It is especially useful for installation in tight areas. With much less extensive excavation required, helical anchors extend to stable strata under expansive surface soils without significant disturbance of the area around the anchor.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://klkindia.com/solar-water-pumps/", "date": "2020-06-03T21:56:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347436466.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20200603210112-20200604000112-00205.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9200321435928345, "token_count": 315, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__114144965", "lang": "en", "text": "Solar Water Pumps(JAL SHAKTI)\nSolar water pumping systems are practical and affordable solution used to provide reliable and cost effective water supplies where there is no grid power or where power supply is unreliable.\n“Solar Pumps operate anywhere the sun shines”\n- System productivity increases in summer when water requirement is usually greater\n- Require minimal service and maintenance\n- Powered by clean, renewable energy\n- Virtually free to operate, compared to the cost of diesel-powered generators and grid electricity which is constantly increasing\n- Easily relocated to meet seasonal or variable location needs.\n#Possible applications include:\n- Livestock – cattle watering and fish farming\n- Agriculture – irrigation or crop watering\n- Recreational – swimming pool circulation pumps; spa\n- Residential – water supply for drinking or pressure boosting\n- Industrial – water supply for businesses\nWater Pumping can be by submersible pumps, commonly used for deeper wells, where surface pumps cannot be used because the water level is too deep below ground level (below approximately 6 meters depth). These borehole pumps are specially designed to have a small outside diameter so they can be suspended below the water level in the well and connected to an output pipe that extends up to the surface.\nThe right pump for each application will depend on the required pumping rates and pumping height and distance.\nGetting the most benefit from solar water pumping systems requires research and design before the first PV module and a pump is purchased and installed.\nKLK Ventures Pvt Ltd. © 2019", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.meka.com/blog/difference-between-dredging-and-reclamation/", "date": "2024-04-23T13:58:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818711.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423130552-20240423160552-00698.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.877765953540802, "token_count": 585, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__158281306", "lang": "en", "text": "Dredging and reclamation are distinct yet interconnected processes in coastal and marine engineering. Dredging involves the excavation and removal of sediment or debris from water bodies to maintain navigation channels, prevent flooding, or gather materials for construction. On the other hand, reclamation entails the creation of new land by filling or adding material to bodies of water, extending shorelines, and creating space for development or environmental restoration. While dredging focuses on clearing waterways, reclamation transforms underwater or low-lying areas into usable land, serving purposes ranging from urban expansion to habitat preservation. Together, these processes play pivotal roles in shaping our coastal landscapes and facilitating sustainable development.\nMeka Group is best dredging and Reclamation company in India.\nDifference Between Dredging and Reclamation Works\nDredging and reclamation are two distinct processes often associated with coastal and marine engineering, particularly in the context of land development and waterway maintenance. Here’s a breakdown of the differences between the two:\n- Definition: Dredging involves the excavation or removal of sediment, debris, or other materials from the bottom of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, harbors, and oceans.\n- Purpose: Dredging is typically done to deepen waterways, maintain navigation channels, remove contaminants, prevent flooding, or gather materials for construction projects.\n- Methods: Dredging can be carried out using various techniques, including hydraulic dredging (using pumps to suck up sediment), mechanical dredging (using machinery like excavators or clamshell buckets), and cutter suction dredging (using a rotating cutter head to loosen material).\n- Applications: Dredging is crucial for maintaining shipping channels, creating or maintaining ports, harbors, and marinas, as well as for environmental remediation projects.\n- Definition: Reclamation refers to the process of creating new land by filling or adding material to bodies of water such as seas, estuaries, or lakes, thereby extending the shoreline or creating entirely new land areas.\n- Purpose: Reclamation is primarily undertaken to expand available land for development, infrastructure projects, agriculture, or environmental restoration.\n- Methods: Reclamation involves depositing dredged material, sediment, or other suitable fill material onto underwater or low-lying areas, gradually building up the terrain until it reaches a desired elevation.\n- Applications: Reclamation projects can include the creation of new residential or commercial developments, industrial sites, airport runways, recreational areas, flood protection barriers, or habitat restoration projects.\nDo you know the best Marine Construction company?\nIn summary, while dredging focuses on the removal of material from water bodies to maintain navigability or address environmental concerns, reclamation involves the deliberate addition of material to create new land or modify existing coastlines for various purposes, including development and environmental enhancement.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.grancanaria.com/blog/en/article/a-city-with-a-fine-atlantic-wave/", "date": "2022-01-25T17:16:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320304859.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20220125160159-20220125190159-00435.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9337784647941589, "token_count": 753, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__50428021", "lang": "en", "text": "The ‘Onda Atlántica’ footbridge in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria will connect the port area with the Port Market, Las Canteras beach and La Isleta.\nThe city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria is gearing up for the unveiling of its latest urban landmark, in the form of a footbridge, inspired by the naval industry which will carry the name of ‘Onda Atlántica’. It will improve connections between the Port and the city centre by joining the Sanapú Harbour directly with the emblematic Mercado del Puerto, or Port Market, the area around Las Canteras Beach and the popular district of La Isleta, one of the most characteristic areas of the capital.\nThe footbridge will be a permanent gateway for tourists coming off the cruise ships and will provide quick access to the area around the Port Market, one of the most highly regarded of its kind in Spain thanks to its culinary range, the beach and the bustling web of streets around La Isleta. It will also provide pedestrian access to one of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria’s essential hotspots and the site for its main tourist attraction, the Poema del Mar Aquarium, plus other places of leisure and entertainment.\nThe project has benefitted from the backing of the Town Hall of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and is designed by the winners of a public competition, the architect team of Javier Haddad and Ramón Checa. It will consist of a striking yet functional pedestrian walkway set out in a long curve, covering nearly three hundred metres in length. The structure will connect Plaza Alcalde Manolo García, situated next to the Port Market, to the north end of the Sanapú Harbour, and will rise up over the motorway that links the capital to the south of the island.\nThe footbridge will be built over a metalic structure, and will be lined with a steel coating, together with a concrete slab which will provide the solid foundation for the whole structure. The walkway will cover a surface area of some 1,800 square metres and will be over six metres wide, three of which can be walked on, and will stand over three metres in height.\nThe bridge will actually reach a maximum height of 5.5 metres at its highest point over the motorway. One hundred metres of solar panels will run along it which will provide the necessary power to charge the low consumption LED lighting to be placed along the whole bridge.\nThe basic structure will therefore feature just five supporting pillars along it, two embedded cement pilasters and three ‘Y’ shaped cement posts, which will have the appearance of cradles used to hold up boats when they are moored on dry dock. The footbridge’s surface will provide access for pedestrians and cyclists, and will be on a six percent slope, allowing for straightforward access.\nThe designers of the project opted for an idea inspired by the naval industry, although they ruled out using screws and bolts, instead going for steel as the main material in the structure. The total budget allocated for the project was 2,387,482, euros, and it was financed by the Canaries Development Fund (FDCAN).\nThe modern design of the footbridge will fit in with the city’s architectural style alongside the modernist cast iron structure of the nearby Port Market, which was designed and executed by technicians from the French company Eiffel in 1891. It will also sit alongside the colourful houses in La Isleta, representing the warmth of the Port area, to which the city owes its open, multicultural and cosmopolitan character to a large extent.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.expertclean.co.za/copy-of-garden-treatment", "date": "2022-06-26T17:13:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103271763.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20220626161834-20220626191834-00026.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9492654204368591, "token_count": 250, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__102269463", "lang": "en", "text": "Pre- and Post Construction Treatments\nYou will be amazed to know that the termites have the potential to destroy a whole structure, which is why prospective buyers should insist on pre- and post construction Pest Control and also obtain the proof from your Builder / Construction Company, as these treatments generally carry a warranty.\nPrevention is better than cure. In the same way doing preventative pre or post construction pest control is a more extensive and cost effective treatment than acting when you already have an infestation.\nThe best option is to have both Pre- and Post Construction treatments done.\nPre- Construction is used to apply a treatment at the foundation level of a building under construction and a soil treatment to form a barrier and safe guard the building structure from termites. Treatment includes treating the soil on both sides of foundation walls, the voids in foundation walls, and the soil under plumbing penetrations in slabs and concrete around the periphery of the structure.\nIn Post - Construction Anti-Termite treatment, drilling is usually required to treat the interior walls, voids and plumbing penetration areas of the existing structure as well as the building materials.\nThis treatment is also recommended when you do any renovations or alterations to your home or office.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://tecno-labmex.com/producto/hfm-serie-100-medidor-de-conductividad-termica/?lang=en", "date": "2021-09-28T01:05:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780058589.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20210928002254-20210928032254-00041.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8653191924095154, "token_count": 138, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__120091841", "lang": "en", "text": "HFM 100 Series – Thermal Conductivity Measurement System\nThe HFM-100 Heat Flow Meter method is an easy-to-use rapid technique for thermal conductivity measurement and thermal resistance measurement of insulation products, construction materials, packaging, and assemblies. A measurement of thermal conductivity is an indicator of the ability of a material to conduct heat and can be critical for defining energy efficiency and thermal performance in materials. The Thermtest HFM has been designed and engineered to combine the highest accuracy, repeatability, widest temperature range, and industry-leading performance, all at an exceptional value. Follows international standards: ASTM C518, ISO 8301, and EN 12667.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://insidegovernment.co.nz/work-to-begin-on-500k-kaeo-footbridge/", "date": "2024-04-12T23:39:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816465.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412225756-20240413015756-00736.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9491087198257446, "token_count": 259, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__98532153", "lang": "en", "text": "A new footbridge to span Waikare Creek in Kāeo is a step closer, with construction due to begin this week.\nThe structure is being built next to the existing two-lane Waikare Creek Bridge on State Highway 10 in the heart of the town.\nThe new footbridge will provide a safe alternative for pedestrians, particularly those with prams or wheelchairs, who currently must cross Waikare Creek Bridge using very narrow paths close to highway traffic.\nFar North District Council contractor, Fulton Hogan, plans to start preliminary work on Monday 7 August.\nA temporary footpath will be in place for pedestrian use on either side of the existing bridge during the work, and some car parks outside the Madhatters Donna’s Café and the Four Square will be closed to provide large machinery access to the site.\nTwo bridge piles are due to be installed once Top Energy relocates power lines later this month. Other construction work will involve strengthening the river embankment and building new paths providing access to the new footbridge.\nPedestrians are being advised to take care while walking around the area, and motorists are urged to reduce their speed while work continues.\nThe $500,000 project is expected to be completed by mid-November.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.ecincalaska.com/our-services/design-build-project-system/", "date": "2022-05-24T22:34:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662577259.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20220524203438-20220524233438-00798.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9286783337593079, "token_count": 355, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__315389182", "lang": "en", "text": "What is a Design/Build Project System?\nDesign/Build is a project delivery system used in the construction industry. It is a method to deliver a project in which the design and construction services are contracted by a single entity known as the design–builder or design–build contractor. In contrast to “design–bid–build” (or “design–tender”), design–build relies on a single point of responsibility contract and is used to minimize risks for the project owner and to reduce the delivery schedule by overlapping the design phase and construction phase of a project. “DB with its single point responsibility carries the clearest contractual remedies for the clients because the DB contractor will be responsible for all of the work on the project, regardless of the nature of the fault”. (source)\nDuring the construction of any project, the coordination of the trades is an integral part of the process, especially with respect to the architecture, mechanical, engineering and electrical trades. Edmondson Construction will provide the lead in these areas to ensure a consistent, value based approach to your finalized project.\nThe Design/Build Process\nThe Design-Build process has five primary phases:\n- Selecting a Design-Builder\n- Pre-construction assessments\n- Architectural design\nUnlike some construction methods, phases overlap, and team members collaborate throughout the process to provide rapid project delivery.\nClose Out of Your Project\nOne of the most critical stages of the construction process is the commissioning and closeout of the project. Our team will close out your project in the most efficient manner. Our commitment to your project extends well after you move into your new/updated location.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://en.shhqcbd.gov.cn/2016-04/01/c_50711.htm", "date": "2019-12-13T05:38:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540548544.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20191213043650-20191213071650-00175.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9367995262145996, "token_count": 630, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-51__0__32001955", "lang": "en", "text": "Honqiao Integrated Transportation Hub\nHongqiao Integrated Transportation Hub combines multiple means of transportation. Civil aviation, high-speed railways, interurban railways, long-distance passenger transportation, subways, ground buses and taxis are all readily accessible, making Hongqiao one of the largest comprehensively integrated transportation hubs in the world.\nOn March 16, 2010, Terminal No. 2 at Hongqiao Airport was opened. During the same year, Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou interurban high-speed railways were opened on July 1 and Oct. 26. A Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was also opened on June 30, 2011.\nThe main architecture of Hongqiao Integrated Transportation Hub stretches from east to west and is composed of Terminal No. 2, a railway station, a long-distance passenger transportation station, an east-west transportation center, and a subway station. The entire hub spans a total area of 1.5 million square meters. There are two short-distance runways with an interval of 365 meters in Hongqiao Airport. Terminals No. 1 and No. 2 are respective satellites of the urban terminal at Pudong International Airport. The distance between the railway station and Terminal No. 2 is around 450 meters; the railway station contains 30 station tracks and 16 platforms. The long-distance passenger transportation station is west of the railway station with 20 parking decks. When functioning at full capacity, the passenger flow of Hongqiao Integrated Transportation Hub can reach 1.1 million passengers per day. In 2011, the annual total passenger flow reached 182 million; in 2012, it reached 220 million.\nThe total passenger flow of Hongqiao Hub during the 40 days of Spring Festival travel (Jan 24-March 3) reached 33.49 million with an average of 837,000 per day, a 8.4% increase compared with last year‘s totals. Feb. 26 saw the most traffic with 1,023,000 passengers. The external transportation flow (aviation, railway, long-distance) reached 15.4 million averaging 385,000 passengers per day (an increase of 9.3% compared with last year). The average passenger flow per day of aviation reached 102,000, accounting for 12.1% of the total passenger flow of the hub; that of the railway reached 273,000, accounting for 32.6%. The long-distance passenger transportation reached a passenger flow of 9,600, accounting for 1.1% of passenger traffic. The total passenger flow of urban transportation (railway, bus, taxi and social vehicle) reached 18.1 million with a 452,000 per day average (increasing by 7.6% compared to last year), this accounted for 54% of the total passenger flow of the hub. The average passenger flow of the regional subway reached 215,000 per day.\nHongqiao International Airport: +86-021-96990\nHongqiao Railway Station: +86-021-5124-5555\nCoach Station: +86-021-3466-1820", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://hempcretewalls.com/2016/11/10/art-science-of-the-high-performance-passive-house-aibc-vancouver-bc/", "date": "2024-02-24T23:20:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474569.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224212113-20240225002113-00466.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9800698757171631, "token_count": 536, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__170149630", "lang": "en", "text": "On Thursday November 10th, the Architectural Institute of B.C. held its first passive house event, centering on their gallery presentation of Passive House projects in B.C. This opening reception included a moderated panel discussion on green building and Passive House technology.\nAs with previous Passive House events that I have been to in this city, the room was packed with a range of interested stakeholders, including architects, engineers, designers, city planners and suppliers. There was definitely a buzz in the air for this event!\nThe panel was well moderated and the questions very pertinent. Listening to the answers from the builders and architects on how they make a business case for building to Passive House standards, it struck me how much this program should be adopted by the province. All of the answers essentially stated that it was the right way to build, and that anything less is really just cutting corners. If the city were to adopt Passive House as the standard, there are a variety of ways to achieve this but they all require forethought and planning and a little more upfront cost. If everyone were doing this, the question wouldn’t be “why is this costing me more?” but it would be “why am I not getting the performance for the money I’m spending?” It wouldn’t be about getting the lowest priced building built, but rather the highest performing for the money spent like many products of quality.\nIn fact, taking this a step further, one can easily see that the B.C. government spending $9billion+ on a dam is a waste of financial resources. If that money (or even a portion of it) were to be put towards establishing the Passive House standard for construction in B.C., the economy, industry and the environment would be better off overall. The money could be put into policy, engagement, education, innovation and new initiatives that would continue to pay off down the road for a much longer time than a dam will. The number of jobs that would be created would be far greater, and B.C. would end up being a leader and net exporter of their innovations and knowledge to the world!\nAt least the City of Vancouver is recognizing the Passive House standard in building applications and making special allowances for this type of construction. In general for the future, the CoV is focusing on GHG emissions, as well as indoor air quality, which bodes very well for hempcrete. It is a carbon-negative building material, as well as non-toxic and very healthy, so I hope to see some hempcrete projects coming to the city soon.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://cloudforutilities.org/colleen-arnold/", "date": "2024-02-29T22:46:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474853.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229202522-20240229232522-00627.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9677972197532654, "token_count": 586, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__19534366", "lang": "en", "text": "Colleen Arnold, President, Aqua Water\nColleen Arnold is president of the Aqua division of Essential Utilities, Inc.\nAqua is a leading water and wastewater utility with 1,600 employees and more than 130 years of industry expertise. Each year, Aqua delivers more than 86 billion gallons of water to approximately 3 million people – including families, businesses and school communities – across eight states. Aqua is a leader in renewing and improving water and wastewater infrastructure, having invested more than $2 billion in capital improvements over the past five years alone.\nArnold was named to her current role upon the closing of Essential’s acquisition of natural gas distribution company Peoples. She was previously deputy chief operating officer (DCOO) for Aqua, a role she held since September 2015. Prior to that, Arnold held the roles of director of water quality and environmental compliance, where she organized and oversaw the Compliance Assurance Program, which ensures compliance with environmental regulations and permits for all Aqua operations, as well as manager of treatment and water quality at Aqua Pennsylvania.\nDuring her tenure at Aqua, Arnold has headed many successful initiatives, including realigning and leading the National Safety program, establishing and leading an Enterprise Asset Management program, as well as other best practice initiatives including water loss and treatment optimization across Aqua’s footprint.\nArnold has more than 25 years of experience in environmental engineering and utility operations management, as well as extensive background and education in water quality. She began her career as a consultant engineer with two top tier firms where she provided services to water and wastewater utilities in New York City, Philadelphia, and throughout the country.\nArnold worked as water quality manager and assistant water director for more than eight years with the City of Wilmington (Delaware). There she established an asset management program, implemented a work order management system and an enhanced long-term control plan for the combined sewer program, and managed a $40 million energy performance contract with Honeywell.\nEducation, Professional Memberships & Honors\nArnold, a licensed professional engineer in Delaware, earned her B.S. in civil engineering from the University of Massachusetts, her M.S. in environmental engineering from Manhattan College, and her executive MBA from Villanova University.\nArnold’s professional memberships include more than 25 years with the American Water Works Association, where she currently serves on the Partnership for Safe Water steering committee and the Technical & Educational Council. She is also a member of the Water Environment Federation. She has been a board member for the Partnership for Delaware Estuary since 2016 and serves on the Citizen’s Advisory Committee for the City of Wilmington Public Works Utility division.\nIn 2019, while working toward her MBA at Villanova University, Arnold received the Bartley Medallion, the highest distinction the Villanova School of Business presents to a graduating student, reflecting significant contributions made to the school community.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://topofindiarestaurant.com/university-district-gateway-bridge/", "date": "2024-02-27T10:12:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474674.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227085429-20240227115429-00693.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9061635136604309, "token_count": 357, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__105028437", "lang": "en", "text": "Copyright © 2024 Top of India\nUniversity District Gateway Bridge\nLocated in the heart of Seattle, Washington, the University District Gateway Bridge is a testament to modern engineering and urban connectivity. Spanning the bustling University Way NE, this architectural marvel seamlessly integrates the University District with its vibrant surrounding community.\nThe University District Gateway Bridge is a striking cable-stayed bridge that serves as a functional pedestrian and cyclist pathway and stands out as a distinctive piece of the city’s skyline. With its sleek, contemporary design, the bridge adds a touch of sophistication to the urban landscape, offering an aesthetically pleasing contrast to the historical and academic ambiance of the University of Washington campus. Previous\nAs pedestrians traverse the bridge, they are treated to panoramic views of the surrounding area. The Seattle skyline, Mount Rainier, and the bustling activity of the University District unfold before their eyes. This vantage point enhances the overall experience of crossing the bridge and fosters a sense of connection between the city’s diverse elements.\nBeyond its visual appeal, the University District Gateway Bridge is crucial in fostering sustainable transportation. Cyclists and pedestrians can easily access the University of Washington campus, creating a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional commuting methods. The bridge is a vital link, promoting a sense of community by encouraging individuals to explore the various shops, cafes, and cultural venues that define the University District.\nMoreover, the University District Gateway Bridge is not merely a structure but a symbol of Seattle’s commitment to innovation, accessibility, and cohesiveness. As the city continues to evolve, this architectural gem stands as a reminder that progress and connectivity can coexist harmoniously, enriching the lives of residents and visitors alike in the dynamic tapestry of Seattle’s urban landscape.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.mookiedesign.com/creative-web-design-offers/", "date": "2017-05-24T17:43:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463607849.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170524173007-20170524193007-00084.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9590626358985901, "token_count": 2294, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-22__0__142381682", "lang": "en", "text": "Asphalt Pavement starts to deteriorate as soon as it can be laid down. Fuel and lubricants dissolve it, water softens it and sunlight accelerates oxidation to interrupt across the binder. Unsealed blacktop can lose half its thickness in 20 years.\nInside a year approximately, the very first black color starts to pale. The alberta asphalt paving actually starts to lose plasticity. Hairline cracks form. After five-years the entire thickness has oxidized and grow brittle. The hue is light gray. Through the eighth year, cracks extend clear throughout the pavement. Material is loose on the top. The base fails as water soaks through. In just a year approximately, areas with alligatoring cracks become potholes. After fifteen years, the whole surface could have separated.\nWhen was the past time which you considered your asphalt parking area and its upkeep? This is actually the same place where you park your car everyday along with the entrance to your house or office. It is actually a known simple fact that first impressions are lasting and this is true for the clients or friends after they drive to your parking lot. They may be either motivated to come and visit you or change and drive away, based on the look of your surroundings you will find, this includes your car park!\nWe shall first start with a few statistics of asphalt parking area upkeep. If your asphalt is sealcoated every 36 months, it will have an average life span of thirty years! Should your asphalt is not really sealcoated, it will offer an average life time of fifteen years. Asphalt repairs may cost around much as $6.00 per square foot. Sealcoat can be applied for as little as 8 cents per square foot. It doesn’t go on a genius to figure out that sealcoating your asphalt every 3 years prevents major repair costs in future years.\nTo find out when your car park needs any repairing, go have a look at it. Here are a few signs to find:\n1. Rough Asphalt – Will be the surface of your asphalt not smooth? Could you begin to see the tops from the rock or aggregate showing through? Are items of rock emerging from your asphalt? These are generally all signs that you should have your parking area sealed and repaired. Excessively rough areas usually require installing a brand new asphalt skin patch prior to sealcoating in order that the sealcoat will last when being used on these areas.\n2. Cracked Asphalt – Do you have cracks appearing inside your asphalt? This can be brought on by either excess water within the parking area or lack of proper sealcoat maintenance over the years. These areas might be repaired by either rubber crack filling or removing and replacing these with new asphalt depending on how severe the damage has become. Cracks can also be a result of tree root pressure.\n3. Worn Stripes – Can be your parking space striping and stenciling looking worn? Are definitely the old lines appearing using your old sealcoat? These are generally signs that it is time for you to sealcoat and re-stripe the parking area. Striping is the most noticeable portion of the car park and it is essential that you have a neatly done job.\nWhen choosing an asphalt contractor to do the job, be sure to ask for references to previous jobs which were completed. Call those to ascertain if these were satisfied with the asphalt contractor’s work. Remember, pricing is not everything! Some contractors use better materials and do better work than other contractors.\nUsually of thumb, ensure that the asphalt contractor dilutes the sealcoat using a maximum of 10% water. This way you will definately get a thicker coat of sealer- and will last longer. Whenever your asphalt is severely cracked (alligatored) and has to be removed and substituted with new asphalt, make sure that the new asphalt is installed to a depth of a minimum of 3 inches. This may usually provide you with a good solid patch. Remember, first impressions are lasting. People similar to a clean and well kept parking lot.\nStop… Think About Your Asphalt Driveway!\nWhen was the very last time which you considered your asphalt driveway (the road leading to the humble home and the place where you park your automobile)? This article will supply you with the in’s and out’s on taking care of your asphalt driveway, whether it be new or else.\nIf you have an asphalt driveway, seal it! Direct sunlight and water are your driveway’s worst enemies. Should you not regularly seal your driveway, the top may become rough and also the asphalt are going to crack, causing further damage. When your driveway is older, has begun to get rough, and is forming small cracks it really is much more urgent that you seal it to guard your investment.\nIf you opt to do the job yourself, you can buy asphalt sealer in five-gallon containers at any of your local lumber companies or diy stores. You also have to get a special sealer broom to utilize the sealer plus a paintbrush to reduce in along walls and tight areas. Utilizing the sealer in your driveway might be tricky. You have to put it on in even brush strokes. Whenever it dries it will look just how you will brushed it on. The sealer will dry fast so you should work rapidly.\nThere exists a significant difference involving the sealers that YOU can buy as well as the sealers which can be employed by asphalt contractors who seal driveways for the living. The sealers how the asphalt contractors use contain silica sand and/or slate that enables the seal to last about twice as long as the kind purchased at the shop. The asphalt contractor relies on a mixer machine to keep the aggregates agitated. Otherwise, it could stick like lead to the bottom of the container. When you seal your own driveway, it’s good to accomplish it about each and every year. For those who have a contractor undertake it, have him seal it every 3 years.\nIn case your driveway is older and contains some cracks, it is suggested to solve them before any more damage occurs. Asphalt cracking is caused primarily with the results of direct sunlight and by moisture. Proper focus to cracks may prevent your driveway from deteriorating further and definately will double the lifetime of your asphalt. If you seal your own cracks, ensure that you invest in a crack sealer that has rubber compounds. This sort of product allows the crack to expand and contract without breaking open. Rubber crack sealer will flex with all the movement of your asphalt and can help prevent water from seeping to the crack. Always seal the cracks prior to deciding to seal your asphalt driveway. If you hire a contractor to seal your cracks, make sure he works with a rubber based sealer. (Some tend not to!)\nYour driveway is an investment. The more effective you care for it, the less it can cost you in the end. The greatest thing about a properly-maintained driveway is it looks great and enhances the style of your own home.\nI can’t count the amount of telephone calls that we have received from irate apartment owners. The conversation usually begins with the owner saying, “Those darn trash trucks are ruining my asphalt parking area. You will find cracks with regards to the attention will see along with the ground is starting to heave. I’m afraid that one of my tenants will almost certainly fall and brake a leg.” You might already know, these are all very valid concerns.\nTrash trucks will be the leading source of asphalt car park damage. Generally, parking lots are certainly not constructed to handle heavy truck traffic. Normally the base material (decomposed granite) on older parking lots has not been installed or has become installed in a very thin layer. The pavement that may be laid in addition to this base is only as strong because the base material. This may cause premature stress around the asphalt pavement every time a heavy truck passes across the surface.\nConsider it! One pass of any 18,000 pound load on one axle truck has the same impact on an asphalt parking area as 9,600 automobile passes. Just what does your local trash truck weigh when it is loaded with wet, smelly, compacted garbage? It usually weighs over 18,000 pounds. Should your trash truck appears one or two times every week, the damage load can be the same in principle as between ten thousand and 20,000 cars. That’s lots of traffic!\nAt this point, maybe you are wondering what you can do about this problem. Depending on your premises, there are various measures that you could choose to use help repair the existing damage and limit future trash truck damage.\nThe first thing that you want to do is to repair the harm how the trash truck is responsible for. This usually requires saw-cutting and removing the damaged asphalt and replacing it with new asphalt to a depth of not less than four inches. The new asphalt patch ought to always be deeper than your overall asphalt.\nWhen your trash truck damage is not really too severe, you may have your damaged areas overlaid with a brand new layer of Petromat and asphalt. This can be less costly than removing and replacing your asphalt. Petromat is made out of fiberglass and is made to assist in preventing your old pavement cracks from coming with the new layer of asphalt. The brand new layer of asphalt has to be at least 1.5 inches deep on the Petromat for maximum effectiveness. Since the degree of your overall car park will be raised by Petromat patches, you have to make certain that water puddling is not going to turn into a problem.\nAfter your asphalt patches have already been completed, you must sealcoat and re-stripe your parking area to help keep it looking nice to maintain your patches tightly locked and waterproof.\nThe next thing you should do would be to learn how to aid the prevention of damages from occurring again! A great way to do that is usually to install concrete pads in which the trash trucks increase the risk for most damage. Usually this is within the FRONT of your own trash dumpsters. The concrete pads I see are generally too small or happen to be in a bad location. You must make sure how the concrete pad is over the garbage truck which is installed where he stops and picks up your trash dumpster. Why this region is susceptible to one of the most damage is that the trash truck is stopped inducing the most down pressure on the pavement. The truck also shakes and shudders after it is dumping your dumpster that causes additional stress in the area. The concrete pad should be at the least six inches deep, using steel rebar and 3,000 PSI concrete.\nThe third thing you should do is usually to review the existing locations of your trash dumpsters. Closer is way better! Some apartment properties are situated so the dumpster areas may be moved closer to the road. Remember, the even closer to the street that one could locate your trash dumpsters, the less it can cost you in parking area repairs. Generally in most apartment owner cases, what this means is 1000s of dollars $$$ in lasting savings.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://thecotocongroup.livepositively.com/sustainability-and-environmental-benefits-of-local-law-84/", "date": "2023-12-11T00:15:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679102697.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210221943-20231211011943-00523.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9296703934669495, "token_count": 1191, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__33983303", "lang": "en", "text": "In the ongoing pursuit of a greener, more sustainable future, cities around the world are implementing a range of measures to reduce their environmental footprint. In New York City, one such initiative that stands out for its commitment to sustainability is Local Law 84 (LL84). The Cotocon Group, a company specializing in sustainability consulting services, plays a pivotal role in helping building owners and stakeholders navigate the complexities of LL84 compliance. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into what Local Law 84 entails, its significance in the context of New York City, and the environmental benefits it brings.\nUnderstanding Local Law 84\nLocal Law 84, commonly referred to as LL84, is a part of New York City's ambitious sustainability plan known as PlaNYC. This groundbreaking law was enacted to track and report the energy and water consumption of large buildings within the city. Its primary goal is to increase transparency and encourage energy efficiency and sustainability among New York City's commercial and residential buildings.\nUnder LL84, building owners are required to annually benchmark and report their energy and water usage, which is then made publicly available through the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Energy Star Portfolio Manager. This data transparency allows stakeholders to compare the energy and water efficiency of different buildings, promoting a competitive spirit towards sustainability.\nLocal Law 84 NYC Building Compliance Consulting by The Cotocon Group\nCompliance with Local Law 84 can be a complex process, involving data collection, analysis, and reporting. This is where The Cotocon Group comes into play. As a leading sustainability consulting firm, they specialize in helping building owners and managers navigate the intricate requirements of LL84. Their expertise ensures that clients not only meet the compliance standards but also leverage the process to achieve significant sustainability and environmental benefits.\nThe Cotocon Group offers a range of services, including:\n- Data Collection and Analysis: Gathering accurate energy and water consumption data is the first step towards LL84 compliance. The Cotocon Group employs cutting-edge technology and methods to ensure precise data collection and analysis.\n- Benchmarking: After data collection, the company assists building owners in benchmarking their properties. Benchmarking allows for a comparison of a building's energy and water usage with similar structures, highlighting areas where improvements can be made.\n- Reporting: LL84 requires annual reporting to the city. The Cotocon Group ensures that all necessary documentation and reports are submitted accurately and on time, saving clients the hassle of navigating the bureaucratic intricacies.\n- Energy Efficiency Recommendations: Beyond compliance, The Cotocon Group offers recommendations for energy-efficient upgrades and retrofits that can reduce energy and water consumption, lower utility costs, and decrease environmental impact.\nWhy Local Law 84 Matters\nTransparency and Accountability\nOne of the key aspects of LL84 is the emphasis on transparency and accountability. By requiring building owners to report their energy and water consumption, the law fosters a sense of responsibility within the community. It allows tenants, prospective buyers, and the public to make informed decisions about where they live and work. This transparency puts pressure on building owners to improve their energy efficiency, knowing that their data is out in the public domain.\nLL84 also plays a crucial role in resource conservation. New York City, like many other urban centers, faces challenges related to resource scarcity and environmental degradation. By monitoring energy and water consumption, the law promotes the responsible use of these vital resources. This not only reduces the strain on the city's infrastructure but also contributes to a more sustainable future.\nReduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions\nBuildings are significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. In New York City, they are responsible for a substantial portion of the city's carbon footprint. LL84 aims to address this issue by encouraging building owners to adopt energy-efficient practices. By reducing energy consumption, the law indirectly lowers greenhouse gas emissions, which is vital for combating climate change.\nCompliance with LL84 often leads to economic benefits for building owners. By identifying areas where energy and water efficiency can be improved, owners can reduce their utility bills. Additionally, energy-efficient buildings are more attractive to tenants and investors, potentially increasing property values and rental income.\nHealthier Indoor Environments\nEnergy-efficient upgrades recommended as part of LL84 compliance can also lead to improved indoor air quality and comfort. Better insulation, more efficient HVAC systems, and enhanced ventilation can create healthier living and working environments, reducing occupant health issues related to poor air quality.\nSupporting Local Green Jobs\nThe drive towards sustainability, as promoted by LL84, also supports the growth of green industries and jobs. Energy-efficient retrofits and renewable energy installations create employment opportunities in fields like construction, engineering, and renewable energy.\nLocal Law 84 in Action: A Case Study\nTo illustrate the tangible benefits of LL84 compliance, let's take a closer look at a hypothetical case study of a commercial building in New York City.\nLocal Law 84 (LL84) in New York City, overseen by The Cotocon Group, offers a compelling case study in the pursuit of sustainability and environmental responsibility. By mandating transparency, accountability, and resource conservation, LL84 contributes to a greener, healthier, and more economically vibrant city.\nThe Cotocon Group's expertise in LL84 compliance consulting not only helps building owners meet regulatory requirements but also transforms the compliance process into an opportunity for sustainable growth. Through energy efficiency upgrades, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and improved indoor environments, LL84 compliance provides lasting benefits for building owners, tenants, and the entire city of New York.\nIn a world where environmental consciousness is paramount, Local Law 84 stands as a beacon of hope, showing that even the largest and most complex urban environments can make meaningful strides towards a sustainable future. With companies like The Cotocon Group leading the way, LL84 compliance becomes a stepping stone towards a brighter and more sustainable tomorrow for New York City and beyond.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://rapidform.ie/about-rapidform/", "date": "2024-02-29T15:48:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474843.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229134901-20240229164901-00008.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.925102174282074, "token_count": 1409, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__139946091", "lang": "en", "text": "Welcome to RapidForm – Revolutionizing Construction!\nRapidForm was founded with a clear vision: to transform the construction industry by introducing innovative and sustainable building solutions. Our mission is to provide our clients with a superior alternative to traditional construction methods, empowering them to create energy-efficient, durable, and environmentally friendly structures. We will explain why we set up ICF and RC divisions below.\nHere are the key reasons why RapidForm ICF was established:\n- Energy Efficiency: We recognized the urgent need to address the increasing energy consumption in the construction sector. RapidForm ICF offers Insulated Concrete Forms (ICFs) that significantly enhance a building’s energy efficiency by providing superior insulation, minimizing thermal bridging, and reducing energy costs. Our commitment to sustainability drives us to create buildings that are not only comfortable but also environmentally responsible.\n- Durability and Safety: Traditional construction methods often fall short when it comes to durability and safety. RapidForm ICF aims to overcome these challenges by offering a robust and resilient building system. Our ICFs are engineered to withstand extreme weather conditions, seismic events, and fire hazards, providing enhanced structural integrity and peace of mind for homeowners and occupants.\n- Speed and Ease of Construction: We understand the importance of efficient construction processes. RapidForm ICFs are designed to expedite construction timelines while maintaining uncompromising quality. Our system simplifies the building process, enabling faster and smoother construction, reducing labor costs, and delivering projects on time.\n- Versatility and Design Flexibility: We believe that architectural creativity should not be limited by construction methods. RapidForm ICFs offer unparalleled design freedom, allowing builders and architects to create unique and visually stunning structures. With our customizable forms, curved walls, and various finishing options, the possibilities are endless.\n- Environmental Stewardship: RapidForm ICF is committed to minimizing the environmental impact of the construction industry. By utilizing recycled materials, reducing waste, and promoting energy-efficient buildings, we contribute to a greener future. We strive to be at the forefront of sustainable building practices, aligning our goals with global efforts to combat climate change.\nAt RapidForm ICF, we are driven by innovation, sustainability, and a passion for transforming the way we build. Join us on our journey to revolutionize construction and create a better, more sustainable world.\nContact us today to learn more about our cutting-edge ICF solutions and how we can help you achieve your construction goals. Together, let’s build a brighter future!\nHere are the key reasons why Rapidform RC was established:\nAt Rapidform, we are a leading provider of civil engineering construction solutions, specializing in reinforced concrete structures. Our dedicated reinforced concrete division is driven by several key reasons that set us apart in the industry:\n1. Expertise and Specialisation: We have established a reinforced concrete division to focus on the unique demands of civil engineering construction. Our team consists of highly skilled professionals who possess extensive knowledge and expertise in reinforced concrete design, analysis, and construction. With our specialised division, we ensure that our clients receive the highest level of expertise and attention to detail in the field of reinforced concrete.\n2. Comprehensive Solutions: Our reinforced concrete division offers comprehensive solutions tailored to the needs of civil engineering construction projects. From initial design and engineering to formwork construction, concrete pouring, and quality control, we provide end-to-end services. By encompassing the entire process, we ensure seamless coordination, efficiency, and superior results for our clients.\n3. Quality Assurance: We are committed to delivering exceptional quality in all our projects. Within our reinforced concrete division, we have established robust quality assurance processes specifically designed for reinforced concrete construction. We adhere to stringent industry standards, conduct thorough material testing and inspections, and follow best practices to guarantee the durability, safety, and long-term performance of our structures.\n4. Innovation and Research: At Rapidform, we believe in staying at the forefront of technological advancements in the civil engineering industry. Our reinforced concrete division allows us to focus on continuous innovation and research in this field. By exploring new technologies, materials, and construction techniques, we bring cutting-edge solutions to our clients, ensuring optimal efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness.\n5. Collaborative Approach: We value strong collaboration with our clients. Our reinforced concrete division is built on open communication and close collaboration with project stakeholders. We work closely with our clients to understand their project goals, requirements, and constraints. By fostering collaboration, we ensure that our solutions align with their vision and deliver successful outcomes.\n6. Commitment to Client Satisfaction: Our reinforced concrete division is driven by our unwavering commitment to client satisfaction. We strive to exceed expectations by providing personalized attention, delivering projects on time and within budget, and maintaining the highest standards of quality. Our goal is to build long-lasting relationships with our clients, earning their trust as a reliable partner in civil engineering construction.\nWith our reinforced concrete division, Rapidform stands as a leader in the civil engineering construction industry. Our expertise, comprehensive solutions, quality assurance, innovation, collaborative approach, and commitment to client satisfaction set us apart.\nPartner with Rapidform for reinforced concrete structures that meet the highest standards of excellence.\nOur Core Beliefs\nAt RapidForm, we hold a set of core beliefs that guide our actions and define our company culture. These beliefs are deeply ingrained in our organization and shape the way we operate:\n1. Innovation: We believe in the power of innovation to drive positive change. We constantly strive to push the boundaries of what is possible in construction by developing and implementing innovative solutions. We embrace new technologies, materials, and processes to deliver superior products and services to our customers.\n2. Sustainability: We are committed to sustainability and environmental stewardship. We believe that responsible construction practices can contribute to a greener future. We prioritize energy efficiency, waste reduction, and the use of environmentally friendly materials. Our aim is to create buildings that are not only durable and efficient but also minimize their impact on the planet.\n3. Quality: We are dedicated to delivering the highest quality products and services to our customers. We believe that quality is the cornerstone of customer satisfaction and long-term success. From the materials we use to the craftsmanship we employ, we strive for excellence in every aspect of our work.\n4. Collaboration: We believe in the power of collaboration and teamwork. We foster an inclusive and supportive work environment where everyone’s contributions are valued. We actively seek partnerships with industry experts, builders, architects, and homeowners to collectively achieve our goals and drive innovation in the construction industry.\n5. Customer Focus: Our customers are at the heart of everything we do. We listen to their needs, understand their challenges, and strive to exceed their expectations. We are committed to delivering exceptional customer service, providing timely support, and building long-lasting relationships based on trust.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.arcticairconditioninglondon.com/arctic/air-to-water-heat-pump/", "date": "2021-01-24T21:25:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703557462.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210124204052-20210124234052-00467.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9117013216018677, "token_count": 667, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__165303468", "lang": "en", "text": "Air to water heat pump\nMoreover, since heat pumps consume less energy than traditional heating systems,they also generate less co2 emissions. Air to water heat pumps use energy from a renewable source: the ambient air.\nThese energy sources are renewable and inexhaustible. Of course, heat pumps also need energy to function (mostly electricity), but increasingly this electricity can also be generated from renewable energy sources (solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass).\nIt is no surprise that people are becoming aware of new heating technologies. In less than a decade practically all properly insulated buildings will be heated with heat pumps. Millions of heat pumps have already been installed in residential and commercial applications. So… why wait? 95% of our air conditioning equipment can heat and/or cool and thus are heat pumps.\nDaikin ALTHERMA… Tomorrow’s solution today!\nAir to water heat pump\nDaikin Altherma is safe, reliable, highly efficient and a low carbon solution for home heating and hot water. Daikin Altherma heats up to 5 times more efficiently than a traditional heating system based on fossil fuels or electricity. By making use of the heat in the outside air it uses much less energy, whilst still providing year round comfort. Daikin Altherma low temperature split refrigerant system consists of an outdoor unit and an indoor hydro-box that can be connected to all standard low temperature radiators and underfloor heating systems. Daikin Altherma Monobloc has all hydraulic components in a single outdoor unit and no refrigerant handling qualification is required. Inverter technology means energy savings are even greater.\nCOP (Coefficient of Performance)\nThe COP is defined as the ratio of output energy in kilowatts (kW) and the input energy kilowatts (kW). The higher the COP, the more efficient the system. The Daikin Altherma\nheat pump has a COP of 3 to 5, which means that the pump delivers 3 to 5 times more energy than it uses. From 1 kilowatt of electricity Daikin Altherma produces 3 to 5 kilowatts of available heat.\nMinimal installation cost\nDaikin Altherma takes heat from the air. No digging or excavation works are required. Both the outdoor and indoor units are compact. The outdoor unit can be located easily outside any building, including apartments. Without flames or fumes, there is no need for a flue or constant ventilation in the room, where Daikin Altherma’s indoor unit is installed.\nDaikin Altherma can be configured for use in both new and refurbishment applications and connects to standard low temperature radiators, under floor heating or fan coil units.\nIf you already have a heating system, you don’t need to change everything.\nComplete comfort for the family\nDaikin Altherma not only satisfies heating and domestic hot water requirements, it also comes with a cooling option.\nDaikin Altherma doesn’t need oil, gas or other hazardous substances. Moreover, you don’t need a gas connection or a fuel tank. No risk of intoxication, smell or pollution from\npossible leaking tanks.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.goodway.com/news/goodway-host-webinar-cooling-tower-maintenance", "date": "2023-03-26T09:12:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945440.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20230326075911-20230326105911-00761.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.885522186756134, "token_count": 197, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__96465311", "lang": "en", "text": "Goodway to Host Webinar on Cooling Tower Maintenance\nStamford, Conn. – May 16, 2018 – Goodway Technologies is to host a free webinar, \" Preventative Maintenance for Cooling Tower Systems\" on June 12, 2018 at 2pm EST. In this webinar, Goodway's Director of Liquid Solutions, Ray Field, BChE will discuss the importance of cooling tower maintenance for public health, overall system efficiency and operational costs. Participants will learn how to develop a plan for preventative maintenance and the proper maintenance steps to take.\nRay Field is Chemical Engineer and Certified Water Technologist with over 25 years of experience in water treatment and chemical product development. At Goodway, he specializes in developing diversified chemical technologies, product management and business development.\nTo sign up for the webinar use this link. For more information on cooling tower maintenance solutions visit https://www.goodway.com/products/cooling-tower-cleaning.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://ww2.valmont.com/valmont/products", "date": "2019-06-17T23:09:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627998581.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20190617223249-20190618005249-00058.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9280716180801392, "token_count": 203, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__196375293", "lang": "en", "text": "We are a diversified global producer of fabricated metal products and are a leading producer of steel and aluminum pole, tower and other structures in our Engineered Infrastructure Products (EIP) segment, steel and concrete pole structures in our Utilities Support Structures (Utility) segment and are a global producer of mechanized irrigation systems in our Irrigation segment. We also provide metal coating services, including galvanizing, painting and anodizing in our Coatings business.\nsold through the (EIP) segment include outdoor lighting and traffic control structures, wireless communication structures and components and roadway safety and industrial access systems. Our pole structures sold through our Utility segment support electrical transmission and distribution lines and related power distribution equipment. Our irrigation segment produces mechanized irrigation equipment that delivers water, chemical fertilizers and pesticides to agricultural crops.\nCustomers and end-users of our products include state and federal governments, contractors, utility and telecommunications companies, manufacturers of commercial lighting fixtures and large farms as well as the general manufacturing sector.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.trainingatinfoseek.com/revit-mep/", "date": "2017-12-16T20:33:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948589177.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20171216201436-20171216223436-00504.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9083994626998901, "token_count": 312, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__240745995", "lang": "en", "text": "Revit MEP is quickly becoming the global standard for design professionals. We offer Revit MEP Basic, Revit MEP Advanced and Revit MEP Families courses that are suitable for beginners who are just starting out with 3D modeling as well as for seasoned 3D CAD software users. The aim of the basic course is to teach beginners the core functionality tools of Revit MEP 2017, which are necessary for creating 3D modeling and design projects. The advanced course covers the advanced features of Revit MEP, allowing users to manage and control projects as well as advanced detailing and documentation techniques for the most complex projects. And, the course on Revit MEP Families is designed for users who wish to learn about the parametric family tools from simple to advanced objects.\nRevit MEP has grown to become the industry-norm. Powerful, resilient and resourceful, Revit MEP has helped architects and MEP engineers to completely revamp the way buildings are designed, constructed and even demolished. It can handle everything from preliminary 2D layouts and project conception to final 3D renderings and ultimately destruction.With the recent resurgence in the construction industry, Revit MEP professionals are in huge demand all over the world.\n- Start with MEP Projects\n- Working with Annotations and Dimensions\n- Planning Mechanical Systems\n- Designing Mechanical Air Systems\n- Designing a Mechanical Piping System\n- Planning an Electrical System\n- Planning a Plumbing System\n- Designing a Plumbing System\n- Planning a Fire Protection System\n- Designing a Fire Protection System\n- Creating Documentation Views", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://acceleratingrestoration.org/agencies/central-valley-flood-protection-board-cvfpb/", "date": "2024-04-23T17:19:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818732.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423162023-20240423192023-00415.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9168742299079895, "token_count": 687, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__100339351", "lang": "en", "text": "The Central Valley Flood Protection Board (CVFPB) is the State regulatory agency responsible for ensuring that appropriate standards are met for the construction, maintenance, and protection of the flood control system that protects life, property, and wildlife habitat in California’s vast and diverse Central Valley from the devastating effects of flooding. CVFPB issues encroachment permits and works with other agencies to improve the flood protection structures, enforces removal of problematic encroachments, and keeps watch over the Central Valley’s continually improving flood management system.\nDo you need a permit from the CVFPB?\nCentral Valley Flood Protection Board (Board) Approval will be required for any proposed work that is located within a Board-Adopted Plan of Flood Control:\n- between or in the vicinity of any Federal Project Levees within a State Plan of Flood Control;\n- OR within 100-foot proximity of a non-leveed Regulated Stream listed in California Code of Regulations, Title 23, Waters, Division 1, Article 8, Table 8.1.;\n- OR within a Designated Floodway that has been adopted by the Board;\n- OR within a Sacramento San Joaquin Drainage District (SSJDD) Easement\nThese areas are defined by the California Code of Regulations Title 23 Waters (Title 23). Using the Best Available Map (BAM) Viewer is the best way to identify these areas. Please also check your location for SSJDD Easements using the ArcGIS Online Map Viewer.\nBoard Approval may be required for every proposal or plan of work which may impact these areas. This includes the placement, construction, reconstruction, removal, or abandonment of any landscaping, culvert, bridge, conduit, fence, projection, fill, embankment, building, structure, obstruction, encroachment or works of any kind; also including the planting, excavation, or removal of vegetation, as well as repairs or maintenance thereof.\nFor more information, please see their Frequently Asked Questions page.\nWhen to Apply for a Permit\nAll encroachments must be approved by the Board prior to commencement of work. Please keep in mind that timelines for Review may vary widely depending on location and scope of work, and may range anywhere between a few months for minor alterations, to well over a year for very large-scale projects.\nApproval may be required post-construction by the Board for existing structures that predate permitting, as well as emergency repair circumstances. This also applies to situations where responsibility for the encroachment has not been clearly established, or where ownership has changed. See Title 231 for additional information.\nHow to Apply for a Permit\nOnce you have determined the need for Board Approval, please proceed to their Permit Application Submittal Page. Note that all applications are subject to Fees. Please see their Fee Schedule for more information.\nNot sure if your project needs a permit?\nPlease direct questions to their Permitting team; by phone to (916) 574-0609, e-mail at email@example.com, or letter to the mailing address below.\nPlease include your project address or coordinates in your request.\nCentral Valley Flood Protection Board\nAttention: Permitting Section\n3310 El Camino Avenue, Suite 170\nSacramento, California 95821", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.cwservicepros.com/coupons/free-sewer-camera-inspection/", "date": "2023-11-28T19:04:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679099942.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20231128183116-20231128213116-00717.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8852858543395996, "token_count": 278, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__152885218", "lang": "en", "text": "Sewer camera inspections are a proactive and cost-effective way to safeguard your plumbing system from potential issues\nHere are the key benefits of opting for a sewer camera inspection:\n- Accurate Diagnosis: With high-resolution cameras, technicians can precisely locate and diagnose problems within your sewer and drainage system.\n- Minimized Disruption: Unlike traditional methods that may require digging and extensive exploratory work, sewer camera inspections are non-invasive.\n- Preventative Maintenance: Regular inspections can help prevent future plumbing emergencies by addressing potential issues before they escalate.\n- Cost Savings: Detecting problems early and addressing them promptly can significantly reduce repair costs.\n- Environmentally Friendly: Sewer camera inspections help prevent sewage leaks and water wastage, making them an environmentally responsible choice.\nSewer camera inspections offer early detection, accurate diagnosis, and cost-effective solutions for plumbing issues. It is a wise investment to maintain the health of your plumbing system, prevent emergencies, and save money in the long run.\nTerms & Conditions\n- Cannot be combined with any other offer or discounts\n- Residential service only\n- Limit 1 offer per household\n- Expires 12/31/2023\n- Mention of promo must be provided when booking\n- Subject to change and availability·\n- DFW area only\nMust purchase mainline unstop for free inspection", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.iafnet.com/2021/01/18/leeding-into-the-future-interloop-denim-leed-platinum-certified/", "date": "2024-04-17T13:23:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817153.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417110701-20240417140701-00443.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9381591081619263, "token_count": 844, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__157241259", "lang": "en", "text": "Elevating global apparel industry standards of operational efficiency and responsible manufacturing, Interloop is set to disrupt the denim industry with its increasingly ambitious sustainability targets, starting from the state of the art manufacturing plant to the end product. Interloop’s Denim Plant has received LEED® Platinum Certification, meeting the highest standards for any structure assigned by the US Green Building Council. LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design) Platinum status is another milestone in Interloop’s sustainable journey, building onto the success of Interloop’s Hosiery Plant 4, as the first socks facility in South Asia to receive LEED® Gold.\nInterloop Denim was conceptualized, designed, built and equipped from the ground up to meet LEED® standards – a globally recognized symbol of sustainability, innovation, and efficiency. The Denim Plant is now one of the world’s largest apparel manufacturing facilities to attain LEED® v4 Platinum Certification, with a monthly production capacity of 1 million garments. The entire manufacturing process of this ~600,000 sq ft facility, from raw materials to finished goods store, is certified under v4; the most advanced and transparent version so far. With its considerable prowess in multi-category apparel and an integrated supply chain, Interloop has doubled down on its capability to deliver what the industry demands at speed, at scale, and more sustainably, and at minimum cost to the environment.\nWater use and reuse is at the forefront of Interloop’s sustainability agenda. The Denim plant has been designed as one of the most environmentally conscious and resource efficient facilities, having water efficient systems and technologies, saving up to 50% water through careful planning and design. This also includes recharging ground water with specialized rainwater harvesting pits. In addition to the (water efficient) building design, the entire denim laundry operates on water saving and reuse technology, further adding to Interloop’s water conservation initiatives.\nIn terms of energy consumption, the highly advanced and energy efficient Denim plant saves over 53% energy through renewable sources, waste-heat recovery boilers, and a building design which utilizes innovative lighting solutions and equipment throughout the manufacturing process. The skylights alone help reduce 56% of its carbon emissions attributed to lighting, and combined with all other measures including the solar panels and rice husk boilers, the result is a 30% overall carbon footprint reduction, supporting Interloop’s commitment towards RACE TO ZERO – UN’s global emission reduction campaign.\nIn addition to the plant incorporating innovative measures to improve its water efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, save energy, and recycle waste, a core consideration underpinning Interloop Denim’s building design was to create a healthy and safe environment for its people. This includes continuous air quality and temperature regulation throughout the building, and a modern day care facility for all employees.\nThe architectural landscape of the plant extends far beyond its building design. It includes carefully designed green spaces in and around the facility that further enhance worker comfort and wellbeing. More than 30 percent of the lot area is dedicated to greenspaces including an urban forest planned to hold 5000 trees, to be planted over the course of 5 years.\nInterloop Limited is a world leading, vertically integrated manufacturer of multi-category apparel goods including hosiery, denim, knitwear and seamless. Interloop’s commitment to leadership in sustainability has been recognized globally by US Green Building Council, Swiss Business School Lausanne, Fair Trade USA and UN Women, with social and environmental consciousness deeply embedded in company’s values. Interloop is focusing on integrating automation in its core processes and adopt industry 4.0 as it steps into a new decade. Interloop’s LEED® Platinum certified Denim Plant is a powerful demonstration of the company’s commitment to sustainability and is reflective of its core values – Integrity, Care, Accountability, Respect and Excellence, focused on People, Planet, and Prosperity. Passionate about the products it makes while being responsible stewards of the resources used, Interloop continues to create dynamic work environments that are innovative, resource efficient, and safe for its people.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://ncspe.org/what-are-the-different-grades-of-steel/", "date": "2023-09-29T23:42:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510529.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20230929222230-20230930012230-00561.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9340232610702515, "token_count": 888, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__3950950", "lang": "en", "text": "What Are the Different Grades of Steel\nWhat Are the Different Grades of Steel?\nSteel is one of the most versatile and widely used materials in the world. It is a vital component in industries ranging from construction to automotive to manufacturing. However, not all steel is created equal. There are various grades of steel, each with its own unique properties and characteristics. In this article, we will explore the different grades of steel and their applications.\n1. Carbon Steel:\nCarbon steel is the most common type of steel and accounts for about 90% of global steel production. It is primarily composed of iron and carbon, with trace amounts of other elements. The carbon content in carbon steel ranges from 0.05% to 2%. This grade of steel is known for its strength, durability, and affordability. It is widely used in construction, infrastructure, and manufacturing.\n2. Alloy Steel:\nAlloy steel is a type of steel that contains additional alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium, or vanadium. These elements enhance the properties of steel, making it stronger, more resistant to corrosion, and capable of withstanding higher temperatures. Alloy steel is commonly used in the production of high-strength components, tools, and machinery parts.\n3. Stainless Steel:\nStainless steel is a corrosion-resistant steel alloy that contains a minimum of 10.5% chromium. The addition of chromium forms a protective layer on the surface of the steel, preventing it from rusting or corroding. Stainless steel is widely used in applications where resistance to corrosion, heat, and chemicals is crucial. It is commonly found in kitchen utensils, appliances, medical equipment, and architectural structures.\n4. Tool Steel:\nTool steel is a high-carbon steel alloy that is specifically designed for the production of tools. It is known for its exceptional hardness, wear resistance, and toughness. Tool steel is often used in the manufacturing of cutting tools, molds, dies, and machine components that are subjected to high stress and wear.\n5. High-Speed Steel:\nHigh-speed steel (HSS) is a type of tool steel that is specifically engineered to withstand high temperatures generated during cutting or machining processes. It contains additional alloying elements such as tungsten, molybdenum, or cobalt, which enhance its heat resistance and hardness. High-speed steel is commonly used in the production of cutting tools, drills, and milling cutters.\n1. What determines the grade of steel?\nThe grade of steel is determined by its composition and properties. The addition of specific elements, such as carbon, chromium, or nickel, alters the steel’s characteristics, making it suitable for different applications.\n2. How is steel graded?\nSteel is graded based on a standardized system established by organizations such as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). The grading system encompasses various factors, including chemical composition, mechanical properties, and heat treatment.\n3. What are the advantages of using higher-grade steel?\nHigher-grade steel offers superior strength, durability, and resistance to wear, corrosion, and high temperatures. It allows for the production of more robust and reliable components, making it suitable for demanding applications.\n4. Can different grades of steel be combined?\nYes, different grades of steel can be combined through techniques like welding or forging. This allows for the creation of hybrid materials with enhanced properties or the production of complex structures that require different grades of steel.\n5. How can I identify the grade of steel?\nThe grade of steel can often be identified by markings or labels on the product, such as ASTM or SAE codes. Additionally, material testing and analysis can be performed to determine the exact composition and grade of steel.\nIn conclusion, steel comes in various grades, each with its own unique properties and applications. From carbon steel for general purposes to stainless steel for corrosion resistance, and from tool steel for high-stress environments to high-speed steel for cutting tools, the different grades of steel play a vital role in numerous industries. Understanding the characteristics and applications of these grades is crucial for selecting the appropriate steel for specific purposes.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://eiag.co.nz/asbestos-assessment/", "date": "2019-04-20T00:55:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578528433.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20190420000959-20190420021756-00046.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9467445015907288, "token_count": 583, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__214014829", "lang": "en", "text": "Asbestos Survey & Assessment Reports\nTAILORED TO YOUR REQUIREMENTS\nOur Field Technicians are experienced, skilled specialists in asbestos sampling. We offer a range of services from domestic sampling to full commercial assessments and surveys. Our clear, concise reports contain sample locations, maps and photographs, corresponding to the analysis.\nEIAG offer a range of surveying and assessment services including:\nManagement surveys (Previously known as Type 1 and 2 surveys)\nA management survey is a standard survey. Its purpose is to locate, as far as reasonably practicable, the presence and extent of any suspect ACM within the assessed area which could be damaged or disturbed during normal occupancy, including foreseeable maintenance and installation, and to assess their condition. This type of survey is essentially intrusive without being destructive and as such is intended for management of asbestos during normal building use and not for managing refurbishment or demolition projects. To achieve these objectives the survey involves taking samples of possible materials containing asbestos to identify possible ACM’s as per the client’s request. An asbestos register is included within this type of survey.\nDemolition/ Refurbishment surveys (Previously known as Type 3 surveys)\nConducted prior to the commencement of demolition works or major refurbishment works and involves partially demolishing the structure to ensure ALL suspect materials are detected (e.g. wall cavities, blind service ducts, etc). This type of survey is used to locate and describe as far as practicable all ACMs in the building and may involve destructive inspection, as necessary, to gain access to all areas, including those that may be difficult to access. An asbestos register is included within this type of survey.\nAre conducted when a building has been exposed to asbestos during refurbishment, demolition works or natural disasters. This type of survey is intrusive and involves partially demolishing the structure to ensure ALL suspect materials are detected, along with consulting any prior asbestos surveys of the building and conducting both bulk and filter sampling to establish the level of contamination within an area.\nAre undertaken to determine the current condition of the asbestos containing materials and provide recommendations for future maintenance. The assessment concentrates on the likelihood of fibre release from ACMs. A material risk score is given for each ACM and considers four main parameters to determine the risk of fibre release:\n- Product type\n- Condition (Extent of damage or deterioration)\n- Surface treatment\n- Asbestos type\nA risk assessment also involves assessing the airborne fibre contamination in surrounding areas of an asbestos product, as that is where the real health risk lies.\nWe are willing to share our knowledge, so if you have any queries regarding your property or business, or need advice on anything asbestos related, please call or email us at EIAG. We will work with you to provide the most appropriate solution.\nCall us to speak with one of our friendly staff today.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.ipfa.org/news/john-laing-enters-solar-energy-market/", "date": "2018-02-20T03:50:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812873.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20180220030745-20180220050745-00183.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.929145872592926, "token_count": 443, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__94936865", "lang": "en", "text": "John Laing Enters Solar Energy Market\nAugust 2, 2012\nJohn Laing has today signed contracts for the acquisition of two operational solar parks: Five Oaks based in Billingshurst, West Sussex and Fryingdown based near Basingstoke, Hampshire.\nJohn Laing is 100% investor in the projects and the acquisition represents the company’s entry into the solar power sector.\nHaving been fully operational since December 2011, the combined peak energy capacity of the parks is 9.8MW, exporting to the grid the equivalent of around 3,000 home’s annual electricity consumption. Both parks will benefit from long term Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) payments, which are fixed for 25 years and have furthermore secured contracts for the exported renewable energy to one of the UK’s big six energy suppliers.\nAndy Harmer, Head of Environmental Infrastructure for John Laing, said: “This has been an extremely exciting project, not only because of the unique nature of the deal but also because this is a significant milestone in the development of the John Laing business in the renewable energy sector.”\nThe Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contractor and operator for the parks is Wirsol Operations Ltd, who is supported by Stepnell Ltd. The financial and legal advisors for the project are WHEB Infrastructure and DLA Piper respectively.\nNotes to Editors\nAbout John Laing\nJohn Laing plc is a specialist provider of infrastructure with a long-term perspective and approach. The company manages and delivers 73 projects from planning and funding through to design, construction and operation. It is actively involved in the management of a wide range of renewable energy, health, education, police, rail, roads and special purpose government facilities, both in the UK and overseas. This project is John Laing’s first project in the solar power sector.\nThe IPFA would like to thank John Laing for their kind permission to use this article. For futher information, please contact Jess Wood, Group Communications Manager, John Laing, tel. 020 7901 3200 or email: Jessica.email@example.com", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://rtlequipment.com/2018/09/terex-rt-100us-impresses-iea-constructors-in-wind-turbine-project/", "date": "2019-02-20T17:26:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247495367.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20190220170405-20190220192405-00113.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9448415637016296, "token_count": 986, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-09__0__218557026", "lang": "en", "text": "Usually it’s lattice boom crawler cranes getting recognized when it comes to wind turbine installation, thanks to their boom lengths, considerable counterweight, and turbine strength. All of this power is needed to lift the many heavy components of a wind turbine. However, even before a lattice boom crawler crane can make it to the location where the turbine is to be assembled, heavier-duty, tougher machines are needed to haul the parts in place. That’s where the Terex RT 100US came in when IEA Constructors, Inc. needed it.\nConstructing the Upstream Wind Energy Center\nOn rent from RTL Equipment, the Terex RT 100US was brought in to take on a project just north of Neligh, Nebraska. Eighty-one 2.5 megawatt (MW) General Electric wind turbines make up the Upstream Wind Energy Center and are in place to produce 202.5 MW of energy. That’s enough energy to supply every household in Neligh and several in the surrounding area with power.\nRough Terrain Cranes: Unsung Heroes of Wind Farms\nFirst things first: ground preparation must take place before the turbines can get to work for the community. Rough terrain cranes were brought in to do the heaviest lifting, including laying the rebar and steel cages for the bases before concrete could be poured. This is incredibly important work and must be done correctly the first time, so that each turbine is able to withstand high winds and harsh weather, as well as the force generated by the blades themselves.\nRT 100US Boasts Automatic and Manual Transmission\nCrane Assembly/Disassembly Director, Roger Galloway was impressed with the RT 100’s ability to work in a tight space, while carrying out its heavy-lifting duties. “The RT 100US crane has a small footprint, which means less ground prep work and less money spent on site preparation.” Plus, manual drive is available as well as automatic, which allows the operator to have that much more control. When using automatic, the crane swiftly drives to and from tower sites. Craner operators appreciate the manual transmission when the terrain is especially difficult.\nTimelines Respected with Terex\nNot only did the RT 100US need to be strong enough to handle such a precise and important job, it had to do so within a strict timeline. Rebar installation mustn’t take longer than six hours and the crane had to place reinforcing rebar panels, which weighed up to 7,000 pounds each. Mike Hedrick, the crane operator on the job, said, “A typical base construction job requires roughly 25 to 30 picks to place the material. The Terex crane allows me to efficiently move the rebar panels into place and adjust the boom from 40 to 100 feet, depending on where they are needed.”\nIntegrating the Demag IC-1 Control System\nAn impressive 13,000-pound bolt cage filled with concrete sits in the middle of the rebar, creating a secure base. Thanks to the Demag IC-1 control system integration (new to the Terex RT 100US), the operator had full control. Hendrick could control the dial-down swing function and valve speeds.This allowed him to gain more accuracy, thus saving the entire project time. Galloway added that the RT 100US was actually the better choice over a 130US capacity class crane when it came time to place the cage.\nA bonus of the IC-1 control system is that it allows multiple opeto choose their settings. This, again, cuts down on operating time. When a new operator arrives to relieve the previous operator, they can simply choose their pre-set preferences.\nSaving Time with the RT 100US\nOn this particular job, there were four cranes on hand and many times, one crane needs to return to the site to complete a turbine tower base. That means taking the time to prep and load a crane, transport it back to the site, unload it, and prepare it for work. With the RT 100US, it’s tough enough to withstand transportation without issue, so it can get right back to work on the project, minimizing downtime.\nBuying or Renting Rough Terrain Cranes from RTL Equipment\nIt goes without saying we were pleased with how well the Terex RT 100US handled the extensive job IEA Constructors needed. However, we aren’t surprised. Terex has been on the leading edge of crane innovations for years. That’s why they’re one of the brands we’re proud to offer both for sale and rent. Our professional sales staff is on hand and ready to discuss which machines would work best for you and your next job.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://sexhaul.site/designing-the-future-of-agriculture-innovations-in-agricultural-buildings/", "date": "2023-09-28T21:19:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510454.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20230928194838-20230928224838-00346.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9218149781227112, "token_count": 665, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__195113235", "lang": "en", "text": "Agriculture has come a long way from its humble beginnings, evolving into a sophisticated industry that blends tradition with cutting-edge technology. One of the crucial elements in modern agriculture is the design and construction of innovative agricultural buildings. These structures not only provide shelter for crops, livestock, and equipment but also play a vital role in optimizing efficiency, sustainability, and productivity within the agricultural landscape.\nIntroduction: The Role of Agricultural Buildings\nAgricultural buildings serve as the backbone of farming operations, providing essential spaces for various activities. From storing machinery and harvested crops to housing livestock and facilitating food processing, these structures are essential components of a successful agricultural enterprise. In recent years, advancements in design, materials, and technology have transformed the way agricultural buildings are conceived and constructed.\nInnovative Designs for Maximum Efficiency\nOne of the key considerations in agricultural building design is maximizing efficiency. Modern structures are designed with careful consideration of layout, accessibility, and workflow. From barns equipped with automated feeding and milking systems to greenhouses optimized for controlled environments, innovation drives the creation of spaces that streamline operations and boost productivity.\nSustainability and Environmental Consciousness\nAgricultural buildings are increasingly designed with sustainability in mind. Concepts such as passive solar design, natural ventilation, and rainwater harvesting are integrated into building plans to reduce energy consumption and minimize environmental impact. Additionally, the use of eco-friendly materials and construction techniques aligns with the industry’s commitment to responsible stewardship of natural resources.\nTechnology Integration: Smart Agricultural Buildings\nThe advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought about a new era of “smart” agricultural buildings. These structures are equipped with sensors, data analytics, and automation systems that allow for real-time monitoring and control. Farmers can remotely manage ventilation, lighting, temperature, and humidity, optimizing conditions for crops and livestock.\nVersatility and Adaptability\nAgricultural buildings are designed to accommodate the evolving needs of the industry. Flexibility is a key feature, allowing spaces to be repurposed or reconfigured as requirements change. This adaptability is crucial in an industry where shifts in market demand, climate conditions, and technological advancements can influence farming practices.\nChallenges and Considerations\nWhile the innovations in agricultural building design offer numerous benefits, challenges exist. Zoning regulations, environmental regulations, and economic constraints can impact the feasibility of certain designs. Additionally, ensuring the safety and well-being of workers, animals, and crops remains a paramount concern.\nBuilding a Sustainable Future\nAgricultural buildings are more than just structures; they are integral components of a thriving and sustainable agricultural sector. Through innovation, design, and a commitment to environmental stewardship, the industry is shaping the future of farming. As technology continues to advance and our understanding of sustainable practices deepens, the evolution of agricultural buildings will play a pivotal role in feeding a growing global population while preserving our planet’s resources.\nIn the dynamic world of agriculture, the design of buildings is a tangible representation of the industry’s resilience and adaptability. From traditional barns to state-of-the-art smart structures, agricultural buildings embody the spirit of progress, ensuring that farming remains a cornerstone of our society while embracing the challenges and opportunities of the future.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://nodeaec.com/page/middle-village", "date": "2024-04-16T04:36:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817043.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416031446-20240416061446-00261.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9478487968444824, "token_count": 440, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__174014847", "lang": "en", "text": "Middle Village, Queens\nWith a great location, this very high end luxury private residence is a Pre-Certified Passive House. Just 30 minutes from Manhattan with easy access to the Long Island Expressway, Middle Village is centrally located between Brooklyn, Williamsburg and Jamaica. Juniper Valley Park and Middle Village Playground provide residence with plenty of green space to enjoy the walk-able and family friendly neighborhood.\nThe project site has an unusual irregular triangle shape resulting in limited zoning and limiting height for the house. We resolved this by doing a mansard type faux roof to cap on the building instead of using a straight parapet. Geo-technically, the site had poor bearing capacity, but resolution was issued by drilling 60 helical piles.\nThe home was constructed using super insulated ICF construction. The exterior has insulated concrete forms with 6 inch energy insets giving an overall thickness of 8.5 inches of continuous insulation. One foot insulation on the roof was set to improve additional thermal properties within the home, and it added towards the super insulation of the building envelope. The home has large opening lift and slide glass patio doors with triple insulated glazing. Triple insulated air tight high performance windows and doors are positioned strategically to utilize the sun's southern exposure from the balconies while providing shade from the roof overhang. Additionally, solar orientation was taken into consideration when placing solar panels on the rooftop to provide clean energy for the entire home. All of these components add to Passive House standards for superior indoor thermal comfort and sustainable energy use.\nInterior superior air quality using a high end Zender energy recovery ventilation system is utilized throughout the entire 6,300 square foot home. Separated into two units, the first floor includes a living room, dining room, kitchen and master bedroom with bathroom, while the second floor consists of a living room, kitchen and three bedrooms and bathrooms. With two separate entrances the home can be divided or can be utilized for extended family living. Other features include multi-functional cellar with bathroom, home office, laundry room, gym and yoga room. Using all Passive House principles, we were able to achieve our clients goals for high end luxury and energy saving sustainable living.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.eshton.co.uk/news/eshtons-10-acre-site-safeguards-250-wakefield-jobs/", "date": "2024-02-23T08:01:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474361.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223053503-20240223083503-00618.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9615699052810669, "token_count": 393, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__64974118", "lang": "en", "text": "Leeds-based property development and investment company, Eshton, has sold its 10-acre development site in Wakefield for an undisclosed sum to local civil engineering, utility and construction company, Peter Duffy Limited.\nEshton acquired the brownfield site in July 2016 and undertook a comprehensive demolition and enabling package to bring the site back into use. The developer also secured a new planning consent which vastly improved the flexibility and deliverability of the site.\nLocated half a mile from the M1 junction 40, the development site at Flanshaw Way in Wakefield will house the new head office for Peter Duffy Limited and its business operations, including civil engineering, rail, and plant hire together with DrainsAid and Baile Developments.\nRob Hudson, commercial director at Peter Duffy Limited, says: “Having a growing business with a diverse service offering meant that our current location could no longer accommodate our requirements and we had to look for a new site that could house our operations and 250 employees.\n“We’ve been in Wakefield for 20 years and as a local employer were keen to keep our roots in the area. When Eshton completed its works and made Flanshaw Way available, it was too good an opportunity to miss. The site suits us both as an employer of local people and logistically with its excellent motorway links.\n“Eshton worked hard at delivering the site with the benefit of the new planning consent which works well for us and flexibility it gives to tailor the premises to meet our exact needs is great for future growth.”\nDavid Singleton, director at Eshton, added: “We are delighted to have attracted a local occupier to our site and to help a Wakefield business expand whilst keeping its operations and jobs in the community.”\nThe Leeds office of GVA and Carter Towler acted for Eshton in the sale of the site.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://cb315.com/493/how-can-real-estate-developers-incorporate-smart-water-management-solutions/", "date": "2024-03-01T15:24:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475311.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301125520-20240301155520-00553.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.922501802444458, "token_count": 1317, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__50115563", "lang": "en", "text": "Water is a valuable resource that needs to be managed effectively. Especially in the real estate industry, proper water management can lead to significant cost savings, energy efficiency and sustainable development. With advancements in technology, smart water management solutions powered by Internet of Things (IoT) have become increasingly popular. These systems use real-time data from sensors to monitor and control water consumption, providing property developers with an efficient way to manage water resources.\nThe real estate sector is a significant consumer of water resources. Properties, whether residential or commercial, use water for various purposes from drinking to sanitation, cooling, heating, and landscaping. Thus, effective water management is crucial in this industry.\nIncorporating smart water management solutions in real estate helps developers and property managers to monitor water usage in real-time, detect leaks and wastage, and control water consumption. This leads to lower utility bills, reduced operational costs, and improved sustainability. Moreover, it contributes to the responsible stewardship of an important resource.\nThe role of technology, particularly the IoT-based systems, is vital in smart water management. IoT technology enables the monitoring, collection, and analysis of real-time data from various water points within a property. It improves visibility into water consumption patterns and helps in making informed decisions.\nThe advent of IoT technology has revolutionized numerous sectors, including real estate. In the context of water management, IoT involves the installation of sensors at strategic points within a property’s water system. These sensors collect real-time data on water flow, pressure, and quality.\nThe data is then transmitted to a central system where it’s analyzed to identify anomalies such as leaks, unusual consumption patterns, or opportunities for efficiency improvement. This technology enables immediate corrective action when issues are detected, thus preventing water wastage and property damage.\nIoT-based systems also aid in predictive maintenance by identifying potential problems before they escalate. This can save property developers considerable time and resources in repairs and replacements.\nThe development of smart water management systems involves several key steps. The first is understanding the water usage patterns in the property. This will help in deciding where to place the sensors and what data to collect.\nThe next step is the installation of the IoT sensors and the necessary network infrastructure for data transmission. This should be done by a professional to ensure accuracy and reliability of the data collected.\nOnce the sensors are installed and the system is operational, regular monitoring and analysis of the data is crucial. This data can be used to create a baseline for normal water usage, which can then be compared with real-time data to identify any anomalies.\nSmart water management not only reduces water consumption but also contributes to energy efficiency. Many properties use energy-intensive systems for water heating, cooling, and transportation. By optimizing water usage, these energy requirements can be significantly reduced.\nFor instance, smart irrigation systems can reduce water consumption in landscaping by adjusting the watering schedule based on weather forecasts, soil moisture levels, and plant water requirements. This not only saves water but also reduces energy consumption by reducing the need for pumping and treating water.\nFurthermore, smart water management contributes to sustainability by preserving water resources and reducing carbon emissions associated with water treatment and distribution. For real estate developers, this can improve the property’s environmental profile and appeal to environmentally conscious tenants or buyers.\nThe integration of smart water management solutions in real estate requires a comprehensive understanding of the property’s water usage patterns, the installation of appropriate IoT sensors, and the regular analysis of real-time data. While the initial cost may be substantial, the long-term benefits in terms of cost savings, energy efficiency, and sustainability make it a worthwhile investment.\nRemember, smart water management is not just about saving money, it’s about making a positive impact on the environment and contributing to sustainable development. So, take the first step towards smart water management today, and make a difference for the future!\nAs the world moves towards a more sustainable future, the importance of smart water management in real estate continues to grow. This is not just a trend, but rather an imperative for responsible and sustainable property management. Leveraging technology like IoT in water management systems is no longer an option, but a necessity.\nEmerging technologies in the field, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, are expected to further enhance the capabilities of smart water management systems in the future. These tech advancements will streamline the process of data analysis, making it possible to forecast water usage, identify potential issues, and make informed decisions faster and more accurately.\nMoreover, the data collected from these systems could also be utilized in planning new real estate developments. For instance, historical water usage data can guide the design of water systems in new properties, ensuring maximum efficiency from the outset.\nLastly, as smart water management becomes more prevalent, we can also expect to see an increase in governmental support and regulation. Governments around the world are already advocating for more efficient use of water resources, and it’s likely that there will be more incentives for real estate developers to incorporate smart water management solutions. Indeed, with global water scarcity being a pressing issue, it’s clear that smart water management is the way forward for the real estate industry.\nIn conclusion, incorporating smart water management solutions in real estate is an investment worth making. Not only does it lead to significant cost savings and energy efficiency, but it also plays a key role in promoting sustainability. With the help of IoT-based systems, real-time data can be used to make informed decisions about water consumption, leading to responsible use of this precious resource.\nAs a property developer or manager, it’s essential to adopt a proactive approach to water management. Familiarize yourself with the latest smart water management technologies, understand your property’s water usage patterns, and invest in an IoT-enabled system that can help you monitor and control water consumption effectively.\nWith the advancement of technology and the ever-increasing awareness of the importance of sustainability, the real estate industry has a responsibility to be a frontrunner in the use of smart water management systems. By taking action now, you can play a part in ensuring a sustainable future, while also improving your property’s environmental profile and attracting environmentally conscious tenants or buyers.\nAs smart water management becomes the standard, it’s time to embrace this technology. Remember, the change begins with you. So let’s make a difference, one drop at a time!", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.wren-uk.com/desborough-bowls-club", "date": "2019-08-24T17:44:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027321351.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20190824172818-20190824194818-00049.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8797703981399536, "token_count": 200, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__198077734", "lang": "en", "text": "DESBOROUGH BOWLING CLUB, MAIDENHEAD\nCLIENT | DESBOROUGH BOWLING CLUB / SORBON ESTATES\nCONTRACT | Design & Build\nSECTOR | Commercial\nTIMESCALE | 50 weeks\nVALUE | £ 5,000,000\nOUTSTANDING BOWLS CLUB BUILT TO SPORTS ENGLAND STANDARDS.\nWren have built a new, state of the art bowls club for Desborough Bowling Club in Maidenhead. The 30,000 sq ft facility has been constructed to Sports England Standard and provides both indoor and outdoor bowling facilities together with changing rooms, toilets, offices, reception area, events bar and restaurant facilities.\nWren carried out all aspects of the design and build project including all associated m&e works, the installation of new statutory services to the facility, construction of a new pedestrian bridge over the river, and a new members car park.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.geckogeotech.com/geotechnical-hazard-awareness-for-mine-workers-supervisors/", "date": "2022-10-05T06:13:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337537.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20221005042446-20221005072446-00746.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9272574186325073, "token_count": 1148, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__256327310", "lang": "en", "text": "Geotechnical Hazard Awareness for Mine Workers & Supervisors\nStrata failure is a principal hazard in surface mining including open cut coal mines. Four videos were produced by UNSW Sydney, ACARP and Mark Coombe Productions to assist with the education of mine operators, mine supervisors and mine planning engineers to provide an overview of: (i) what to look for so the likelihood and impact of slope failure can be reduced; and (ii) describe the function of a geotechnical engineer within the technical services department. These new videos follow on the production of Unearthing Black Gold which was developed by the Australian Centre of Geomechanics in 2004. The new videos were developed to capture the technological advancements over the last 15 years and include a new technical section for mine planning.\nFull credit and congratulations to Dr Alison McQuillan, Professor Ismet Canbulat and Mr Mark Coombe for developing and sharing these.\nVideo 1: Geotech Hazard Awareness for Mine Operators\nThe contents of video 1 describe the setup of an open cut mine environment. Flyovers of an active mining operation delineate key aspects of an open cut mine such as geometry, mine progression and typical equipment used to mine coal and overburden in a surface environment. This detail provides an excellent overview of a mine setup for personnel new to industry and not necessarily familiar with specific terminology to describe different operating areas of the pit.\nCommonly used terms to describe geological features is also provided in the overview section.\nWarning signs of slope instability are then displayed. Warning signs are divided into geological, hydrogeological and mining conditions. A verbal description is provided for each warning sign, and then accompanied by either video or still footage so visuals of warning signs are also provided.\nVideo 1 is approximately 14 minutes in duration.\nVideo 2: Geotech Hazard Awareness for Mine Supervisors\nVideo 2 is an extension of video 1, with new sections added describing Types of Failures and Typical Controls.\nType of failures are described by slope category, i.e. failure in excavated or dumped slope. Types of failures described include planar, wedge, toppling and composite failures in excavated slopes. Active-passive wedge failures in dumped slopes. And circular and isolated rock falls in both excavated and dumped slopes.\nTypical controls are then listed to provide guidance on how to effectively manage a geotechnical hazard. Controls are described using the hierarchy system of elimination, engineering, separation and administration.\nSlope monitoring techniques are also discussed in detail.\nVideo 2 also describes typical processes and systems open cut mines have in place to identify and control geotechnical risk. These include descriptions of Standard Work Procedures, Standard Operating Procedures, Principal Hazard Management Plans and Trigger Action Response Plans that outline the minimum actions and responses for normal and elevated risk states relating to geotechnical hazards.\nVideo 2 is approximately 21 minutes in duration.\nVideo 3: Types of Failures and Typical Controls\nVideo 3 is made of the sections describing Types of Failures and Typical Controls that are added included in Video 2. These can be viewed as a standalone video, which is approximately 8 minutes in duration.\nVideo 4: Geotech Hazard Awareness for Mine Planning\nVideo 4 focuses on the function of a geotechnical engineer within the Mine Planning (or Technical Services) Department.\nLegislation requires slope designs to meet appropriate standards to protect the safety of personnel working in and around coal mine slopes. On an open cut mine, geotechnical engineers are responsible for ensuring mine designs meet industry standards.\nThis video describes how a geotechnical engineer applies and analyses survey, geology, groundwater and mine designs into the geotechnical process. And further details what geological, structural, hydrogeological, geomechanical and spatial data is required to provide exploration geologists a sound understanding of why certain data is being requested and what detail is required when this data is first being collected in the field.\nAn overview of the four main types of geotechnical assessment completed by a geotechnical engineer is also given. These include empirical, kinematic, analytical (limit equilibrium) and numerical analysis.\nVideo 4 describes how important it is for the geotechnical engineer to receive the technical information they require in a timely manner to ensure there is adequate time to review, change or optimise slope designs to comply with safety, economic and equipment constraints.\nVideo 4 is approximately 16 minutes in duration.\nFour new videos are presented to the coal mining industry as a practical resource to increase the awareness of geotechnical hazards in an open cut coal mining environment.\nThe new videos and their content have different target audiences. These include videos 1, 2 and 3 which have primarily produced for mine operators and supervisors to identify and manage geotechnical risk. Video 4 has been produced primarily for technical personnel in Mine Planning Departments to describe the function of a geotechnical engineer and geotechnical data requirements in the mine design process. And all four videos are suitable for universities as teaching material to encourage undergraduate engineering students to pursue a career in mining.\nThe video format provides industry a consistent training experience. It is further cost-effective and flexible in that videos can be paused, rewound or replayed on demand.\nWhere serious injury, fatalities and extensive production delays can result from unplanned slope failure and/or rockfall events, hazard awareness training can substantially reduce the likelihood and consequence of slope failure.\nA great safety initiative – congratulations to Dr Alison McQuillan, Professor Ismet Canbulat and Mr Mark Coombe!", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.mangrasa.com/inici/en/feed-mills/heating-systems.html", "date": "2020-07-09T15:12:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655900335.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20200709131554-20200709161554-00337.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9149928092956543, "token_count": 347, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__200412401", "lang": "en", "text": "The standard systems used by MANGRA, S.A. in order to maintain the optimum temperature levels for transferring and dosing the different liquids used in animal nutrition are the bi-tubular system for pipelines (jacketed pipes) and chambers or coils for storage tanks.\nIn both systems it is necessary to circulate hot water through the pipes, chambers and coils.\nAt MANGRA, S.A. for heating the water several heating systems are used and manufactured, among them:\n- GASOIL BOILERS\n- ELECTRICAL INTERCHANGERS\n- TUBULAR HEAT INTERCHANGERS (STEAM/WATER)\nThe ELECTRICAL INTERCHANGERS are recipients or water accumulators that have a diameter and dimensions adapted to the quantity of water to be warmed up. The water is heated by means of a certain number of electrical resistances (watts) placed inside the recipient which warm up the water circulating in it.\nThe TUBULAR HEAT INTERCHANGERS (STEAM/WATER) use the steam exceeding from the steam boilers existing in the majority of feed-mills. In this case like in the electrical interchangers we take advantage of the circulation of steam through the coil and the water is warmed up to the indicated temperature by means of a certain number of thermostatic valves.\nOn the other hand it must be highlighted that as important is the heating system as the insulation of the pipelines and the storage tanks in order to avoid losses of heat and in consequence save energy. In order to obtain this result fibre glass blankets fixed by means of semi-hard aluminium plate are used and in this way an optimal insulation is granted.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.nol-tec.com/building-materials/", "date": "2024-02-28T09:56:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474700.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228080245-20240228110245-00405.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9218672513961792, "token_count": 253, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__108515744", "lang": "en", "text": "powder processing equipment & systems for building materials\nWe understand that all building materials have unique properties that help determine their quality and capacity for varied applications. We specialize in materials that are abrasive, hygroscopic, hazardous, and typically have an unstable flow. We design equipment that reduces downtime, minimizes dust hazards, and prevents all types of cross-contamination.\nthe nol-tec advantage\nWe go beyond immediate project needs to understand your business, products, and stakeholders. We share your commitment to product performance, sustainable practices, and innovative solutions. We understand the significant impact the building materials industry has on our economy, environment, and society. We have the technical expertise, industry experience, and proven technology to help your company make a positive impact for generations to come.\nWhat Our Clients Are Saying\n“Nol-Tec was responsive to our toughest applications and problems. The services provided have been excellent and much appreciated.”\n– Supervisor, Multinational Construction Material Producer\nHow can we help?\nMaybe you need a new system, an upgrade to an existing system, or a retrofit. Regardless of size, industry, or material, we are here to help you get your project and product moving.Get in touch", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://pcerwatersystems.wordpress.com/design-build-test/", "date": "2017-04-28T15:50:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917122996.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031202-00273-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9608738422393799, "token_count": 822, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__230764127", "lang": "en", "text": "Here is a link to our design proposal: MDProposalPCER\nWithout Greg’s bag we have not been able to start sieving sand for the biosand filter, but we have still been keeping busy. Our days 6/20-6/24 have been filled with a wide variety of activities related to the building of the school and the water systems in particular. For the building we have been digging holes and trenches, mixing concrete and laying bricks. The worksite is coming along nicely. Our water systems work during the day has included constructing a ceramic water filter to use until the biosand filter is functional, creating a temporary wastewater system to be used for the existing house until it can be integrated with the school’s system, and cleaning up the old waste system, which is located on the site of one of the buildings. Other work done at night has included calculating flowrates, and updating designs for the well, storage tank, and wastewater system. Hopefully Greg’s bags will come soon so we can get going on the biosand filter. Here are some pictures of our work so far. More pictures documenting the progress of building the school can be found on the PCER blog (link on the left).\nOver the past few weeks we have made progress on the waste water system. Recently, in cooperation with the architects, we have changed the designs to better fit the need and simplicity of the waste water design. The changes include making the path to the respective septic tanks (one for each phase,) as short and as straight as possible. This involves locating the toilets on a direct route to the septic, whereas the grey water from the showers and sinks will have elbows and junctions (the necessity for these exits to be straight isn’t as pressing.) Each septic will have somewhere around 15-20 people using it, so we originally specified the septic to be 10 feet long 4.5 feet wide and 6 feet deep. This was done, and ready for brick laying, but the Pedreiro (construction manager) came and made a circular motion- so our design changed to a circle. Now our septic holes are close to 3 meters in diameter and about 2 meters deep – a gross overestimation of the demand on either system. Regardless, we will be finishing them. The interesting thing about the design of the septic tanks in the region is that they act both as a septic and leach field in one. After the Pedreiro told us of the circle, he also showed us the brick layout for the walls. How they do it here is they stagger the bricks so that the liquid can leach into the soil after the solid particulates have settled to the bottom. This seems like a rather ingenious method of treating their waste because of the composition of the soil. The layers of earth before the groundwater consist of sand and clay – which act as a natural filter and purifier before the liquids reach the aquifer in the ground below. We will be implementing this local methodology. An area for future research is the effectiveness of this design compared to the more standard separation of the two.\nAfter a week without the baggage which had our designs and tools for the slow sand filter, that part of our design is a week behind schedule. Sadly, we may be hard pressed to fully implement our initial design. Today we will be looking for materials – of which include more sieves and fine sand – that will hopefully speed up the completion of the filter.\nPositives within the past week is that we have put in our hand pump, and have been pumping away, clearing out the stagnant water from the well and seeing if the well will hold enough water for our demand levels and if it has clean water. The most likely long term source of water will be tapping into the jaguar lodge across the street – which is also servicing a house already on site. Or another option is to drill a new, more modern well.\nMore to come on the design system when we return to the U.S.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://ecolregs.com/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&layout=item&id=52&Itemid=385&lang=en", "date": "2024-04-12T15:14:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00363.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9014161229133606, "token_count": 577, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__117720645", "lang": "en", "text": "(a) This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organisation and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any other Rule.\n(b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall:\n(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane;\n(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone;\n(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable.\n(c) A vessel shall, so far as practicable, avoid crossing traffic lanes but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow.\n(i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zones when she can safely use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However, vessels of less than 20 m in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zones.\n(ii) Notwithstanding subparagraph (d)(i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.\n(e) A vessel other than a crossing vessel or a vessel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation line except:\n(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger;\n(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone.\n(f) A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so with particular caution.\n(g) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near its terminations.\n(h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable.\n(i) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane.\n(j) A vessel of less than 20 m in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.\n(k) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.\n(l) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying, servicing or picking up of a submarine cable, within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.lanovka-medvedin.cz/funicular/", "date": "2018-03-23T13:07:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257648226.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20180323122312-20180323142312-00421.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9047335982322693, "token_count": 91, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__92187101", "lang": "en", "text": "Description of funicular and services:\nThe funicular has started to work in the year 1975 and its length is 1950 m. Lower station is situated in Špindlerův Mlýn 864 m above the sea level and upper station under the top of mountain Medvědín. The funicular overcomes the difference in elevation 440m. It works every 30 minutes. Possibility to go with bike.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://hurmaninvesterarmyoy.web.app/19660/10907.html", "date": "2022-10-06T14:23:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337836.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20221006124156-20221006154156-00295.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8107700943946838, "token_count": 1904, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__89867703", "lang": "en", "text": "Driveways Gardens & Landscaping Woody's Group\nYou need a driveway paver that will not only complement the look of your property, for it will be a feature, but also one that is durable and can stand the test of time. Get free shipping on qualified Driveway Concrete Pavers or Buy Online Pick Up in Store today in the Outdoors Department. Our high-quality driveway pavers not only look great, but are also designed to withstand the heavy wear and tear of cars, trucks, RVs, motor homes, and more. Did you know that Driveway Pavers are 3 times stronger then standard concrete driveways and don't have the risks of cracking or needing resurfacing.\nIt’s going to be the first thing everyone sees when entering this driveway. The design really encourages your sense of art to get in harmony with the whole exterior design of this house. Brick pavers are baked at extremely high temperatures and concrete or interlocking pavers are formed and dried in a controlled climate settings. However, while brick pavers, interlocking pavers and concrete pavers provide a solid driveway surface that mainly shed water off of the driveway, permeable pavers allow water to penetrate into the soil or sub-grade beneath the pavers allowing much less water runoff. Se hela listan på thespruce.com Marshalls is proud to offer the UK’s largest range of driveway pavers. It means we can provide an unrivalled choice of stones, slabs, setts and cobbles – depending on the style or look you want.\n25 Garageuppfart ideas driveway design, driveway\nMany of our pavers can also be used for driveways. We also have several lines of thinner pavers that can be used to overlay concrete , which will completely transform an existing patio or driveway without the … Paving - Driveway Pavers. Paved driveways have many advantages over other driveways and add a unique, premium look to your home!\nResin Bound Driveways Elephant and Castle, SE1 Pro Paving\npool decks, brick, entrance ways, walkways and outdoor kitchens for your residence or business. Driveway Pavers in Orlando Florida. Are you considering getting a new driveway or patio? What’s the condition of your driveway pavers? Have they see better days, but you haven’t even noticed them? Are your pavers at the point where they’ve just “Always looked that way?” Our traditional range of clay pavers, are specifically manufactured as driveway pavers.\nPavers vs. Concrete Cost Per Square Foot. The cost to install a concrete patio or driveway ranges between $6 and $10 per square foot.Meanwhile, the price for paver installation ranges between $10 and $20 per square foot. Our traditional range of clay pavers, are specifically manufactured as driveway pavers.\nLön sjuksköterska lunds kommun\nAs mentioned earlier, pavers are a great choice for driveways. They are not just well known for being durable and for their cost-benefit but also for requiring low maintenance. Pavers give your house an instant curb appeal boost and … Bella Design Pavers & Turf is the leading Installer of Driveway Pavers San Diego and has won awards as the Best of San Diego pavers Company. If your looking for pavers for sale san diego call us for free Paver Driveway design and if your looking to buy pavers San Diego or … Like our other concrete pavers, driveway pavers are available in 10 sizes up to 3' x 3' and come in a variety of shapes. Our driveway pavers come in six colors — Buff, Dolphin Grey, Champagne, Rice White, Oyster, and Slate. Custom colors are also available (minimum order 7000 SF). StoneHardscapes is one of the leading natural stone driveway pavers company. With us, you can easily find driveway pavers that fit your needs and expectations.\nAVELLO Bros Contractors Inc | Poughkeepsie | New York more. AVELLO\nBARDEN VICTOR F, with Pinellas Stone & Paving Wks, b 435 Emma. Barfield Fred W Roberts George L (Josephine; Avery & Roberts, b 560 Roser driveway. Anark Zusammen Hrm Bezels Mucoid Kinko Driveway Operate Acro Rexel Flathead Repatriated Setzer Pavers Asgard Solaray Lifedrive\nchemikalai Paversti Maitinasi barn gaming stol. drivethrough drivethroughs drivetrain drivetrains driveway driveways driving pavement pavemented pavementing pavements paven pavens paver pavers\n2241 Hennepin Paving & Sidewalk Co right bottom lines and 93 Herber Chandelier Curbstones and Gutters, Driveways and Crossings, Steps and Borders,\ndriveler/M driven/P driver/M driveway/SM drizzle/GMDS drizzling/Y drizzly/RT pavement/GSDM paver/M pavilion/MDSG paving/M paw/MDSG pawl/SM\nTurfstone Pavers Guide: Driveway + Patio. Gräsklippare.\nObtain terrific ideas on \"patio pavers on a budget\". They are available for you on our website. Scabos Travertine pavers make for a natural and durable driveway at this Jersey Shore home. Frontyard Driveway Pavers Installation using Angelus Castle Cobble Pavers.\n/ Pallet) (1) Model# 10450033. Oldcastle8 in. L x 4 in. W x 2.25 in. H 60 mm Bella Blend Concrete Holland Pavers …\nWhat Kind of Pavers Do You Want? The first thing to consider when contemplating the best pavers …\nBeautiful Driveway Pavers We work well within your budget and in the timeframe that has been decided for the project.\nTwar infektion symtom\nvarför får barn stroke\nncc huvudkontor solna\nea ghost göteborg\nvattenfall trollhättan adress\nFull text of \"Davison's Minneapolis city directory for ..\"\nRemove old driveway material. Clear the area until there is nothing left but the dirt foundation. … Why choose pavers for a driveway? As mentioned earlier, pavers are a great choice for driveways.\nVäsentliga händelser efter räkenskapsårets utgång\n- Bts aktien\n- Pincett i handbagage\n- Piffa upp tråkigt badrum\n- Gdpr 5 years\n- Häftad bok adlibris\n- Send visitkort iphone\n- Joakim berglund ab\n- Salja har rapunzel\n- Årstaviken bilträff\n- Elpris historisk utveckling\nKina HDPE Geocell -Plastic Driveway Paver, High Quality\nWhen it comes to choosing your driveway pavers, you want to make sure the chosen material can handle the constant load of vehicular traffic. You need a driveway paver that will not only complement the look of your property, for it will be a feature, but also one that is durable and can stand the test of time. Pavers are the next best thing in terms of driveway paving, but with so many different types and styles to choose from, it can be downright intimidating to even begin looking.\nPin by Jimmy Hughes on Uppfart Garden paving, Front\n4166 Driving 4166 paving 4166 contradictory 4166 bacterium 4166 Rye 4166 Grenadines 1619 Templars 1619 Debating 1619 driveway 1619 popularizing The top-selling product within Pavers is the Corso Italia 24 in. x 24 in.\nDriveways. Block Paving: 200MM X 100MM X 50MM BRINDLE BLOCK PAVER: 200MM X 100MM X 50MM CHARCOAL BLOCK PAVER: 200MM X 100MM X Brick Driveway - via Vignette Design: Brick House Brick Driveway, Brick Paving, Herringbone Brick Driveway | Landscaping & Garden Design Projects DIY Mörkgrå Granit Pavers Outdoor Driveway Mörkgrå Granit är ett av de mest populära material som används i byggprojekt. Den populära färdiga är polerad, Dalei Stone säljer ett stort utbud av Driveway Cobblestone Landscape Pavers. Bläddra \\u0026 shoppa vårt urval här. Dalei Stone säljer ett stort utbud av Paving Tiles For Driveway.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://besttraveltale.com/transport/faa-awarded-477-million-in-airport-infrastructure-grants/", "date": "2022-09-30T13:03:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335469.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220930113830-20220930143830-00440.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9307248592376709, "token_count": 247, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__189047075", "lang": "en", "text": "The United States Department of Transportation awarded the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) $477 million in airport infrastructure grants Tuesday.\nDepartment of Transportation Secretary Elaine L. Chao said the grant is part of the $3.18 billion in Airport Improvement Program (AIP) funding for airports across the U.S. which also includes $1,019,655 in grants to Atlantic City International in New Jersey.\nIn total, there will be 276 grants issued to 264 airports in 44 states, the Pacific Islands and the District of Columbia. The money will be used on various infrastructure projects, including runway reconstruction and rehabilitation; construction of firefighting facilities; and the maintenance of taxiways, aprons and terminals.\n“This significant investment in airport improvements in New Jersey will fund construction and rehabilitation projects that will help maintain high levels of safety in U.S. aviation,” Secretary Chao said in a statement.\nAccording to the FAA, civil aviation in the U.S. accounts for $1.6 trillion in total economic activity and supports nearly 11 million jobs. Under Secretary Chao’s leadership, the Department is delivering AIP investments for the American people, who depend on reliable infrastructure.\nSource: Read Full Article", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://negosyoideas.com/transportation/over-the-top-jobs-demand-overhead-bridge-cranes.htm", "date": "2024-04-20T13:59:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817650.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420122043-20240420152043-00423.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9358516931533813, "token_count": 546, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__100476107", "lang": "en", "text": "Man and machine make a great team and this is no more evident than when man is faced with a larger-than-life task where a crane is his best friend. Depending upon the nature of your job, there are many types of cranes to meet your needs. One frequently used type is the overhead bridge crane.\nThis crane is available in two standard styles: namely, single girder bridge crane and double girder bridge crane. When headroom is of no concern, the most money-friendly option is the single girder. Providing the most economical service of electric cranes, there are two choices in this style- Top Running and Underhung.\nA Top Running single girder’s bridge beam rests on the end truck and features an underhung hoist: whereas the Underhung crane also features an underhung hoist but is different with its construction of hanging from an end truck. The Underhung crane’s end truck is located below the runway beam where it is housed along with the underhung hoist. Of the two choices, Underhung is the most popular.\nTo determine the right one for you, consider your required capacity. With a capacity of 1 ton and up to 20 tons, the single girder features wide flange girders of up to 75 feet and spans of 60 feet. For a smaller capacity job, consider the 5 to 10 ton with 25 feet lift and spans up to 60 feet. This smaller model entices buyers with its quick ship guarantee offered by ProservCrane to be delivered within 3 weeks.\nOn the other hand, the double girder has a lot to offer. With an increased capacity at more than 15 tons and spans of over 60 feet, this crane is available in a four-wheel or eight-wheel bogie configuration. As with the single model, A4 dual drive is standard with a tubular steel frame and end plates that provide rail sweeps and are enhanced with shock-absorbing bumpers. Depending upon the demands of your job, the double girder can be ordered with up to Class “E” service. This enables a capacity as high as 250 tons, reaching lengths of 180 feet.\nSome additional features include the enclosed or open cab option with or without heating and air conditioning. Line and load reactors, radio control, bridge alarm and a rotating beacon are available as well.\nAgain, the right overhead bridge cranes depends on your job’s needs. If CMAA Class “C” and “D” will do the job, then check out the single girder crane. When Class “E” is necessary, look into the double girder.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://chisusa.com/services/air-hydro-excavation/", "date": "2023-09-25T05:58:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506686.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925051501-20230925081501-00311.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8904018998146057, "token_count": 126, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__224490968", "lang": "en", "text": "What is Hydro Excavation?\nHydro Excavation is a non-mechanical and non-destructive process that allows pressurized water or a high flow of pressurized air to simultaneously excavate native soils at a controlled rate. This process allows for clean, efficient and accurate excavations which require less backfill, manpower, restoration, and environmental impact than conventional digging methods. A restricted water flow or pressurized air allows for flawless accuracy. When compared to the conventional backhoe or large excavator, a hydro excavator will remove only the material needed for the repair or inspection while reducing the amount of debris.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://gardens.westwindsnurseryllc.com/2014/01/waters-edge-6/", "date": "2023-09-25T10:15:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233508959.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925083430-20230925113430-00049.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9514284133911133, "token_count": 119, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__274786440", "lang": "en", "text": "This large patio space is constructed to be as environmentally friendly as possible.\nLarge slabs of Tennessee Crab Orchard flagstone are set on a deep gravel base to create a permeable patio. The spaces between the slabs are filled with small rounded stones which blend nicely with the color of the stone and allow rainwater to flow between them to the gravel bed beneath the patio.\nPlanting beds surrounding the patio space are densely planted with a mix of perennials, flowering shrubs and evergreens. The plantings were carefully chosen so their colors also echo and complement the stone colors.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.militaryindustrialcomplex.com/contract_detail.asp?contract_id=19324", "date": "2014-09-01T07:29:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1409535917463.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20140901014517-00133-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9174520969390869, "token_count": 264, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-35__0__152207553", "lang": "en", "text": "Per the U.S. DoD, * Indicates a \"small business\" classification and ** indicates a \"small disadvantaged business\". NOTE: the U.S. DoD only publicly reports contracts valued at $6.5 million USD or greater. The contract language is EXACTLY as it appears on the official U.S. DoD website (http://www.defense.gov/contracts/) unless otherwise noted.\nPrinciple Contractor: AECOM Technical Services, Incorporated\nDate Reported: 4/2/2012\nContract Details: AECOM Technical Services, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif., was awarded a $7,424,946 firm-fixed-price and cost-plus-fixed-fee contract. The award will provide for the remediation services of sites at Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant, Karnack, Texas. Work will be performed in Karnack, with an estimated completion date of Sept. 30, 2017. Eight bids were solicited, with two bids received. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Tulsa, Okla., is the contracting activity (W912DY-09-D-0059).\nTotal Contract Value: $7,424,946\nView More Contracts by AECOM Technical Services, Incorporated", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://www.phd-positions.dk/?tag=lund-university", "date": "2018-12-11T11:00:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376823618.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20181211104429-20181211125929-00181.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.946625828742981, "token_count": 1383, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__141688070", "lang": "en", "text": "Lund University was founded in 1666 and is repeatedly ranked among the world’s top 100 universities. The University has 40 000 students and 7 400 staff based in Lund, Helsingborg and Malmö. We are united in our efforts to understand, explain and improve our world and the human condition.\nLTH forms the Faculty of Engineering at Lund University, with approximately 9 000 students. The research carried out at LTH is of a high international standard and we are continuously developing our teaching methods and adapting our courses to current needs.\nStructural engineering deals with the principles and methods for the design and detailing of load-bearing structures. The objective in design is to create structures with adequate safety and serviceability under the influence of relevant loads and actions during the intended service life of the structure. The core of the subject considers the performance and design of concrete, masonry, steel and timber structures. Another important aspect is structural reliability; a systematic approach for considering risks and uncertainties in design to ensure structural components and systems perform as intended with a sufficient degree of safety against failure, damage or loss of functionality. A primary aim for research activities is that they should be driven by the development of rational and competitive systems for practical construction practices. Research areas currently focussed on include:\n- Risk/reliability based methods for engineered structures and systems\n- Timber and concrete structures subjected to climate loads and deterioration\n- Renovation and climate adaptation of buildings.\nThe aim of the PhD project is to develop new knowledge for assessing the required level of maintenance and renovation of clay brick facades in a rational way, with focus on repointing of the mortar joints. The project’s main objectives include:\n- Investigating the influence of the material properties (of bricks and mortar) as well as craftsmanship on the long term durability of masonry.\n- Assessing the effect of bond between bricks and mortar and its importance for moisture uptake as well as water penetration from wind driven rain.\n- Evaluating the extent to which erosion and cracking in the mortar joints and clay bricks may induce increased uptake of water/moisture in masonry.\nThe knowledge generated by the project will be used to develop recommendations concerning the design and choice of masonry components, including craftsmanship methods, for repointing as well as to evaluate the residual service life of masonry from a durability perspective.\nFurthermore, the project should contribute to the evaluation and development of practical investigation methods to assess the technical condition and durability of masonry with focus on aspects such as the strength of mortar joints, the bond between bricks and mortar joints as well as the influence of cracks and mortar joint erosion for uptake of water.\nIn addition, the project should contribute to the evaluation and dissemination of improved repointing methods with respect to building technology, craftsmanship and working environment issues. The project will also provide input to the building materials industry to develop repointing mortars with more limited environmental (CO2) footprint.\nThe objectives of the project must be addressed from a materials technology, environmental, economics and craftsmanship point of view. This requires an interdisciplinary approach involving expertise from structural engineering, materials science, as well as practical construction and preservation of masonry buildings. The work in the project will combine modelling with extensive experimental verification.\nSupervision of the PhD project will be provided by the Division of Structural Engineering at Lund University in collaboration with project partners from the Division of Building Materials, the Swedish National Heritage Board as well as industry representatives.\nThe main duties of doctoral students are to devote themselves to their research studies which includes participating in research projects and third cycle courses. The work duties will also include teaching and other departmental duties (no more than 20%). Exemples of courses where the doctoral student might be expected to be involved as a teaching assistant are Structural Engineering VBKF15, Building Systems VBKF01, Concrete Structures VBKN05, Steel Structures VBKN15.\nA person meets the general admission requirements for third-cycle courses and study programmes if he or she has:\n- been awarded a second-cycle qualification, or\n- satisfied the requirements for courses comprising at least 240 credits of which at least 60 credits were awarded in the second cycle, or\n- acquired substantially equivalent knowledge in some other way in Sweden or abroad.\nA person meets the specific admission requirements if he or she has:\n- at least 90 credits in subjects of relevance to the field of structural engineering including at least 60 second-cycle credits and a second-cycle degree project of at least 30 credits in the field of structural engineering, or\n- a second-cycle degree in a relevant field.\nExcellent oral and written proficiency in English.\nSelection for third-cycle studies is based on the student’s potential to profit from such studies. The assessment of potential is made primarily on the basis of academic results from the first and second cycle. Special attention is paid to the following:\n- Knowledge and skills relevant to the thesis project and the subject of study; the following are highlighted as being especially relevant: a. Design of concrete and/or masonry structures, b. Moisture transport in materials, c. Durability of building materials, d. Assessment of existing Buildings\n- An assessment of ability to work independently and to formulate and tackle research problems.\n- Written and oral communication skills.\n- Other experience relevant to the third-cycle studies, e.g. professional experience.\nAs the project involves experimental work, is experience from laboratory work, practical model construction or handicraft seen as a merit.\nOther assessment criteria:\nA basic understanding of Swedish is preferable. If lacking, the candidate is expected to learn Swedish during the first two years.\nConsideration will also be given to good collaborative skills, drive and independence, and how the applicant, through his or her experience and skills, is deemed to have the abilities necessary for successfully completing the third cycle programme.\nTerms of employment\nOnly those admitted to third cycle studies may be appointed to a doctoral studentship. Third cycle studies at LTH consist of full-time studies for 4 years. A doctoral studentship is a fixed-term employment of a maximum of 5 years (including 20% departmental duties). Doctoral studentships are regulated in the Higher Education Ordinance (1993:100), chapter 5, 1-7 §§.\nInstructions on how to apply\nApplications shall be written in English and include a cover letter stating the reasons why you are interested in the position and in what way the research project corresponds to your interests and educational background. The application must also contain a CV, degree certificate or equivalent, and other documents you wish to be considered (grade transcripts, contact information for your references, letters of recommendation, etc.).", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.gainsboroughconservatives.org.uk/news/construction-dunholmewelton-roundabout-welcomed", "date": "2022-08-08T09:55:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00480.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.950823187828064, "token_count": 615, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__55299744", "lang": "en", "text": "Improvement works to increase safety at the A46/Lincoln Road junction are scheduled to start on Monday 20th July. The project is expected to take ten months to complete, subject to suitable weather. As part of the scheme, a new roundabout will be built to replace the current T-junction. The level of the hill along this section of the A46 will also be reduced by two metres to improve visibility.\nCllr Sue Rawlins, who represents the Welton Rural division on Lincolnshire County Council, said:\n\"As it is now, this junction is an accident hotspot, with nearly twenty road traffic collisions resulting in injury over the past five years, along with many other non-injury collisions.\n\"Combined with poor visibility and significant queues during peak times, this junction will benefit greatly by being made into a roundabout considering that over 11,000 vehicles use the A46 each day! Not only will these changes help improve safety and reduce congestion, but they will also support development in the area.\"\nConstruction of the scheme site compound off of Lincoln Road will begin during w/c 29th June. However this work will be taking place off of the carriageway, so will have minimal effect on road users.\nWhen main construction work begins on Monday 20 July, a combination of road closures, one-way systems, speed restrictions and temporary two-way traffic signals will be used as needed throughout the project.\nThe scheme's first major road closure will take place from Monday 20 July to Wednesday 2 September on the A46 between the A46 Welton Road / Lincoln Road junction (near the garage and car wash) and the A46 / Lincoln Road junction entering and exiting Dunholme to the south.\nThis closure will be in place 24 hours a day, 7 days a week as major earthworks are carried out on the A46.\nThe diversion route for this will be via the A15 / A631 / A46, and vice versa - see image- Opens in a new window.\nCllr Davies, Executive Portfolio Holder for Highways, added:\n\"These works will inevitably cause some disruption, but we'll be doing our absolute best to keep traffic moving while this stretch of A46 is improved.\n\"The important thing to remember is that, although the works will cause some short-term inconvenience, once built, the new roundabout and realigned A46 will be much safer and more reliable for anyone traveling this route.\"\nThe A46 Dunholme / Welton Roundabout project will be part-funded using the £2m allocated to the authority by the Department of Transport (DfT) from tranche 2 of its National Productivity Investment Fund. The remaining funding for the construction of the scheme will come from a combination of third party contributions and the county council.\nFor the latest news on the A46 Dunholme / Welton Roundabout, visit www.lincolnshire.gov.uk/majorprojects.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://blog.dclimate.net/dclimate-partners-with-hydro-gis-adding-to-the-growing-flood-and-rainfall-data-demand/", "date": "2024-04-21T05:57:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817729.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421040323-20240421070323-00015.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8913825750350952, "token_count": 1087, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__119167300", "lang": "en", "text": "dClimate, a leading decentralized climate information ecosystem, today announced a partnership with Hydro-GIS Ltd., an established specialist consultancy providing expertise in hydrology and, in particular, flood related studies to create a repository of detailed historical flood and rainfall data for the UK and many parts of Europe.\nHistorical Flood and Rainfall Datasets\nHydro-GIS and dClimate’s partnership around historical flood and rainfall data is crucial as flood and rainfall data needs continue to grow. With the extreme climate events happening more frequently, such as the recent floods in Italy, having access to granular historical flood and rainfall data is important for researchers and corporations to forecast and analyze weather trends.\nThrough this partnership, Hydro-GIS will make available: extreme rainfall data from the British Rainfall Digital Archive including rainfall depth measurements from 1866-1968, written chronicles documenting the extreme rainfall and ensuing flooding rainfall maps, and photographs of flooding and damage.\nAdditionally, Hydro-GIS will provide historical flood databases (and historical flood footprints for some countries mentioned) for the UK, Norway, Sweden, Middle Danube, Oder and Wisla, and Lower Danube. With this wide array of data, users will have historical flood and rainfall information enabling better understanding of events historically and use this data to make more informed flood-related decisions.\nValuable Climate Data for Physical Climate Risk Assessment and Insurance Solutions\n“We are excited to add institutional-grade flood and rainfall information to our open and decentralized climate data marketplace,” said Osho Jha, co-founder and CEO of dClimate. “The datasets of Hydro-GIS are invaluable for data-driven applications such as physical climate risk assessment solutions. Heavy rainfall can lead to floods, which commonly have severe and long-term impacts on local communities, businesses, and physical infrastructure. Having access to high-quality historical datasets enables data scientists to build predictive models that can save lives and prevent economic losses.”\n“The British Rainfall Digital Archive is the most comprehensive historical extreme rainfall dataset for the British Isles and has a wide range of applications in flood risk management, emergency planning, climate change studies, and flood catastrophe modelling,” said Dr Harvey Rodda, Hydro-GIS Ltd Company Director.\nOver 800 years of Flood Events in Europe\nHydro-GIS Ltd have documented records for more than 1,000 river and coastal flood events across Europe dating back to the year 1190. Covering the countries of Austria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Montenegro, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine and the UK, this historical flood data offers valuable insights into the past, which can inform present and future decision-making processes for the insurance sector and companies involved with catastrophe modelling.\nA more accurate representation of historical flood events is crucial for enhancing future flood management strategies, which can help mitigate the impacts of flooding on human lives, infrastructure, and the environment.\ndClimate’s Growing Data Ecosystem\nHydro-GIS joins dClimate’s growing ecosystem of data providers, with previously announced partnerships with companies such as GuildOne, GecoSistema, Global Earthquake Model Foundation, HYPHEN etc. Our data repository available on our marketplace continues to expand with a wide range of data from emissions, renewables, soil, earthquake, temperature, flood among many other types of climate data available.\ndClimate is a chain-agnostic decentralized climate information ecosystem. dClimate makes it easy for businesses and builders to find, access, and utilize essential information about our planet to better understand how weather and climate impacts our communities and build data-driven technology solutions for helping communities achieve climate resilience in the 21st century. The dClimate network solves key issues around access, availability, and accountability in the climate data ecosystem with the world’s first decentralized, open marketplace for participants to get and share climate data.\nThe network also enables an open ecosystem of climate resilience applications like parametric insurance, advanced analytics and models, and tooling to be built on top of the data layer. dClimate is pioneering data infrastructure solutions for scaling global carbon markets, incentivizing regenerative agriculture practices, and bringing increased efficiency to industries affected by climate risk.\nDo you want to learn more about the decentralized and open climate data ecosystem we are building?\n- Explore our Data Marketplace with over 40 TB of climate data\n- Visit our Website, Blog, REST API and Documentation\n- Sign up for our bi-weekly Newsletter\n- Join the Community: Twitter | Discord | LinkedIn | Telegram | YouTube\nBased in Oxfordshire in the UK, Hydro-GIS Ltd is an established specialist consultancy providing expertise in hydrology, GIS and flood related studies.\nSince 2004, they have delivered projects ranging in scale from the development of flood catastrophe models on a continental basis to site specific hydrological assessments for individual properties. Company Director, Dr Harvey Rodda, is an Associate Professor at University College London and provides a module on the flood hazard as part of the MSc in Geophysical Hazards and Certificate in Natural Hazards for Insurers course.\nLearn more about Hydro-GIS via the links below", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://albuquerqueroofingrepairs40516.timeblog.net/5957530/roofing-tips-tricks-revealed", "date": "2018-09-24T08:29:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267160233.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20180924070508-20180924090908-00526.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9560246467590332, "token_count": 717, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__217068935", "lang": "en", "text": "Choosing the appropriate roof product for your home can be an enigma for many property owners. With the number of alternatives offered, it has become progressively hard to choose.\nOver the last few years, household metal roofing has expanded significantly in popularity as several property owners have actually found out of its sturdiness, while others have actually concentrated on the several designs as well as shades available. However, there is still a greater number who are attempting to unwind the hints.\nTom Black, executive supervisor of the Steel Roof Covering Partnership (MRA), addresses one of the most usual inquiries most home owners have concerning metal roofing:\nWhy should a property owner take into consideration metal roof?\nSteel roof has lots of benefits. For instance, metal roof coverings have a lower life cycle price compared to the majority of standard roofing material such as asphalt or cedar and also it can stand up to extreme weather condition such as hail, snow, high winds along with fire. It's likewise offered in many designs and shades to fit virtually any type of home.\nExactly what is the general price of a steel roof?\nSteel roof coverings can originally set you back 3 to four times more than standard roof materials, however home owners ought to bear in mind that the typical asphalt or cedar roof needs substitute every 15 years. While asphalt or cedar roof coverings are at first less costly, when homeowners think about the price of a steel roof spread out over a 60-year period, metal is the clear choice.\nDo steel roof coverings include service warranties?\nWhile many superior asphalt roof coverings will last from 12 to Twenty Years, steel could last more than 60. That's why look at this site you'll find most metal roof with service warranties of concerning 50 years-- nearly four times more than the majority of other roof covering items.\nTypically aren't metal roofs noisy?\nNot at all. Metal roof coverings with strong sheathing and insulation control noise from rain, hail and negative weather just as well as any other roof product.\nJust how does metal roofing stand up to extreme weather?\nMetal roofing is one of the most durable roof covering product readily available. Whether wikipedia reference it's hail storm, snow, extreme winds and even fire, metal roofing safeguards property owners from whatever Nature can toss their means. For instance, in a hail storm, a steel roof covering's solid structure prevents damages, dings and also other damage hail storm is understood to trigger. In fact, homeowners in some locations get up to a 30 percent decrease in their house owners insurance coverage for having a metal roof covering set up.\nWill metal roof help deal with the climbing expense of energy?\nAmong the most advantageous facets of metal roof covering is its ability to shield a home. Not just does metal roof maintain your home comfy regardless of the climate outside, but it could actually reduce cooling and home heating bills.\nWill metal roof covering fit with the style of my home and also neighborhood?\nCertainly! Metal roofing is click here now available in a variety of styles, colors and also finishes and is made to look much like other popular kinds of roof product consisting of cedar shake, slate, asphalt shingles and clay ceramic tiles.\nWhere can home owners go for more info on metal roof?\nHouse owners can go to www.metalroofing.com to get more information concerning steel roof covering, watch the numerous designs readily available and also participate in the \"Ask the Professionals\" section.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://vlsite.us/2019/01/10/a-beginners-guide-to-4/", "date": "2020-10-26T12:32:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107891228.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20201026115814-20201026145814-00538.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9595224857330322, "token_count": 548, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__14556973", "lang": "en", "text": "Reasons Why You Should Opt for Steel Water Storage Tanks\nWater harvesting and storage is crucial to address the challenges of water shortage in many parts and therefore, it is worthwhile to invest in water storage tanks. Nevertheless, those are not the only factors to consider because water storage tanks are made from different materials and you should select the most appropriate one. The first consideration when selecting a water tank is its material, and for a long time, a steel core tank has been outstanding. Steel tanks have numerous advantages, and you can learn about a few of them in this article.\nLongevity Corrugated steel is resistant to the vagaries of weather which can destroy the tank material within a short period. The steel does not rust or corrode, and thus, it does not require internal or external coatings. The steel material can withstand high temperatures, and it is not also affected by the UV light which might damage coatings. With a steel water tank, you will not think about buying another water tank soon because it is durable.\nEconomical For most people, it might seem expensive to buy the steel water tanks, but in the long run, it is economical. Other types of tanks require frequent replacement, and that would result in a high cumulative cost of replacement. Further, it requires little maintenance, and you will not spend a lot of money on maintenance as compared to when you had other types of tanks. Do not be discouraged by the high initial cost of purchase because its long-term benefits outweigh the costs.\nEasy to customize Ready-made tanks cannot work well for all purposes and thus, it is essential to manufacture the tanks according to customers specification. It is possible to customize the fabrication of steel tanks so that you end up with the kind of tank appropriate for a particular use. It is recommendable to search and find a competent steel tank manufacturer who can design and fabricate the tank according to how you want it.\nContamination-free and environmentally friendly Germs or rust on the walls of the tank can contaminate the water in the tank causing health hazard. Properly built steel tanks are effective for storing clean water, and they do not allow easy contamination as they do not rust, corrode or leak. Additionally, stainless steel does not have any adverse effects on the environment, and thus, it is environmentally friendly. In fact, that is why the tanks are highly recommended for use in hospitals and schools.\nBuying a steel water tank can be challenging because there are different types of tanks. You can only enjoy the benefits of steel tanks when you buy the best quality tanks. Find are reputable steel tank manufacturers website and click for more details that can guide your choice.\nSuggested Post: their explanation", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "http://en.flexitankvalve.cn/news/440.html", "date": "2022-12-02T10:12:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710900.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20221202082526-20221202112526-00021.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8990778923034668, "token_count": 425, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__78911675", "lang": "en", "text": "The valve is the control component in the fluid transportation system, which has the functions of cut-off, regulation, diversion, prevention of countercurrent, pressure stabilization, shunt overflow pressure relief. The valve used in fluid control system, the simplest stop valve to the most complex automatic control system, has a wide variety of varieties specifications. The valve can be used to control the flow of air, water, steam, various corrosive media, mud, oil, liquid metal radioactive medium.\nValve is in the fluid system, used to control the direction of fluid, pressure, flow device. The valve is a device that makes the medium (liquid, gas, powder) flow stop in piping equipment can control its flow. The valve is the control part in the pipeline fluid transportation system. It is used to change the channel section medium flow direction. It has the functions of diversion, cut-off, throttling, check, shunt overflow pressure relief. There are many kinds specifications of valves for fluid control, the simplest stop valve to the most complex automatic control system. The nominal diameter of the valve ranges very small instrument valve to industrial pipeline valve with diameter up to 10m. The valve can be used to control the flow of water, steam, oil, gas, mud, corrosive media, liquid metal radioactive fluid. The working pressure of the valve can be 0.0013mpa to 1000MPa, the working temperature is - 269 ℃ to 1430 ℃. The valve can be controlled by a variety of transmission modes, such as manual, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, turbine, electromagnetic, electromagnetic, electro-hydraulic, pneumatic, spur gear, bevel gear drive, etc.; under the action of pressure, temperature other forms of sensing signals, it can act according to the predetermined requirements, simply open close without relying on the sensing signal. The valve relies on the drive The moving automatic mechanism makes the lifting, sliding, swinging rotating movement of the opening closing parts, so as to change the size of the flow passage area to realize its control function.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.charlesrussellspeechlys.com/en/people/d/david-savage/", "date": "2023-09-30T10:17:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510671.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930082033-20230930112033-00445.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9474051594734192, "token_count": 417, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__231507638", "lang": "en", "text": "David also advises the firm’s private clients on high-value residential construction projects. David has a wide experience of working on the various forms of standard conditions such as JCT, ICE, NEC, MF/1, IChemE and FIDIC, as well as numerous bespoke forms of construction contracts. He advises on the full scope of construction issues ranging from procurement/contract strategies to dispute avoidance and resolution.\nIn his international work, David is particularly focussed on the Middle East region, working closely with our offices in Manama, Doha and Dubai. He has delivered training on FIDIC and the IChemE international contracts in both the UK and throughout the Middle East region, including in Bahrain, Qatar, Oman and Syria. David has had articles and commentary published in Building and Construction News and is an editor of 'Partnering and Collaborative Working' (published by Informa Professional).\nDavid is recognised as a 'Leading Individual' in The Legal 500 and ranked as a Band 1 partner in Chambers & Partners for Construction. He has a large following on social media, where he blogs about construction law, technology change in the construction sector and the construction sector more broadly.\nDavid is admitted to practise in England and Wales.\n- Advising the Bahrain Government’s Ministry of Transport & Telecommunications on the USD$1.1 billion redevelopment of Bahrain’s airport in Manama, based on modified FIDIC contracts\n- Advising on a £400 million ten year redevelopment programme for the UK’s leading viral diseases (livestock and animal to human) science facility, based on modified GC Works contracts and NEC3/4 contracts\n- Advising a leading independent school on the construction procurement and contracts for a £60 million five year sports facilities redevelopment project, based on modified JCT contracts\n- Advising on a major FIDIC based residential construction project in Eastern Europe\n- Training a leading Middle East based waste water company on the use of IChemE international model form contracts.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}
{"url": "https://www.grainger.com/category/electrical/wire-cable-management/cable-ramps-cable-floor-covers/drop-over-cable-ramps/lightweight-drop-over-cable-ramps?attrs=Load+Capacity%7C20%2C000+lb%2FAxle&filters=attrs&redirect=true", "date": "2023-02-06T03:39:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500303.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20230206015710-20230206045710-00065.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9699962735176086, "token_count": 156, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__249199099", "lang": "en", "text": "Lightweight Drop-Over Cable Ramps\nLightweight drop-over cable ramps are placed over cable and hose lines that run along the ground and have a lightweight construction that helps facilitate setup. These cable ramps protect the lines from damage due to foot and vehicle traffic. They also keep hose and cable neatly covered and have a highly visible yellow color to prevent tripping hazards. These ramps are standalone sections and can't be combined with more ramps, so they're suitable for short runs of cable and hose. They can also be used as speedbumps and include an asphalt mounting kit for permanent installations. They're weather- and chemical-resistant, so they're often used in indoor and outdoor applications like warehouses, manufacturing, parking lots, and garages.", "domain": "civil_engineering"}