{"url": "http://leahlarocco.blogspot.com/", "date": "2015-05-22T17:32:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207925917.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113205-00338-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.971045196056366, "token_count": 700, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-22__0__18515918", "lang": "en", "text": "This weekend, my goal was to get the vegetable garden in shape for planting. It is still too early to plant anything (growing season begins April 15th-ish in TN), but preparing the soil is key for the success of a good crop. Over the past couple of weekends I got out there and pulled every single weed, making sure there were no roots left in the soil. This may seem counter intuitive when much of it will be dug up anyway, but I believe starting with a clean slate is the way to go. Robins were scurrying back and forth on the soil near where I was weeding, having the time of their lives, snatching up the worms that came to the surface. Occasionally the bird would abruptly stop, tilt it's head toward the ground, and peck victoriously at a substantially juicy one. I love seeing worms in the garden, a sure sign the soil is in good health. A very exciting development is that the asparagus is starting to peek out of the ground!\nOnce everything was weeded, I went over the beds with a rake to break up the soil and ready it for a good sprinkling of lime. The lime acts as a neutralizer since most vegetable plants prefer growing conditions that tend toward alkaline. After that, I added 25 bags of compost with manure. I've done this every year since I started the garden and I believe it's the way to go. Since the soil here in TN is clay, just adding compost will only aid in texture, but not necessarily nutrients. I'm not a huge fan of synthetic fertilizers and chemicals, so the manure is an excellent natural fertilizer. I also add coffee grounds, egg shells, and other organic matter throughout the season, which is especially beneficial for the tomatoes which need calcium.\nThis year for the first time I am not going to till. Last year I was overwhelmed by the amount of weeds. I absolutely could not keep them under control and I want to see if not tilling will help with weed control since old dormant seeds will not be brought to the surface. Also, this method of growing is supposed to help with water retention.\nEventually, I'll be buying a couple bales of straw to completely cover the soil before planting. This is a really effective way of keeping weeds at bay, retaining moisture, and adding nitrogen to the soil.\nThe flower beds were cleaned of leaves and debris, and the perennial bed is ready to go.\nSpring bulbs are starting to pop up everywhere, which is a cheerful and lovely reminder that after the misery of winter, beauty shall prevail.\nList of tasks accomplished in the month of March:\n- Trimming of flowering trees (purple leaf plums)\n- Pruning of all shrubs like holly, rose of sharon, heavenly bamboo, etc.\n- Prune apple trees\n- Clean all garden beds of dead leaves and debris\n- Trim roses and treat with dormant oil or Bayer before leaves start to sprout\n- Trim lyriope, prune butterfly bushes, and remove dead leaves from daylily plants\n- Move perennials that need to be split or relocated\n- Prepare vegetable garden by weeding, liming, and adding soil amendments\n- Start basil seeds indoors\n- Add mulch around tree bases and touch up areas in the flower beds that need an extra layer\n- Thin out bamboo by cutting new shoots and removing dead ones", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.westcentraldental.ca/gum-disease", "date": "2020-02-21T17:34:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145534.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20200221172509-20200221202509-00474.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9460290670394897, "token_count": 1349, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__49768593", "lang": "en", "text": "Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection of the gums surrounding your teeth. Gum disease is one of the top reasons for tooth loss in adults, and because it is virtually pain-free, many patients do not know they have the disease. During each regular checkup, your dentist will check for signs of periodontal disease by measuring the space between your teeth and gums.\nWhat causes gum disease?\nGum disease is caused by a buildup of plaque (a sticky form of bacteria that forms on the teeth). If the plaque is not removed (by flossing, brushing, and regular dental checkups), it will continue to build up and create toxins that can damage the gums. Periodontal disease forms just below the gum line and creates small pockets that separate the gums from the teeth. Periodontal disease has two stages: gingivitis and periodontitis.\n- Gingivitis — This is the early stage of gum disease, when the gums become red and swollen, and bleed easily. At this stage, the disease is treatable and can usually be eliminated by daily brushing and flossing.\n- Periodontitis — If left untreated, gingivitis will advance into periodontitis, and the gums and bone that support the teeth will become seriously and irreversibly damaged. Gums infected with periodontitis can cause teeth to become loose, fall out, or be removed by a dentist.\nCertain factors can increase a patient's risk of developing periodontal disease, including:\n- Smoking or using chewing tobacco\n- Certain types of medication such as steroids, anti-epilepsy drugs, cancer therapy drugs, calcium channel blockers, and oral contraceptives\n- Bridges that no longer fit properly\n- Crooked teeth\n- Old fillings\nWhile it is possible to have periodontal disease and not know it, some symptoms can include:\n- Gums that bleed easily\n- Red, swollen, tender gums\n- Gums that have pulled away from the teeth\n- Persistent bad breath or bad taste\n- Pus between your teeth and gums\n- Permanent teeth that are loose or separating\n- Any change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite\n- Any change in the fit of partial dentures\nTreating Gum Disease\nTreatments for gum disease can vary depending on the severity of each individual case. Typical treatments include:\n- Non-surgical treatments such as at-home periodontal trays, and scaling and root planing (deep cleaning)\n- Periodontal surgery and laser gum surgery\n- Dental implants\nPreventing Gum Disease\nRegular dental checkups and periodontal examinations are important for maintaining your health and the health of your smile. You don't have to lose teeth to periodontal disease, and by practicing good oral hygiene at home, you can significantly reduce your chances of ever getting gum disease. Remember to brush regularly, clean between your teeth, eat a balanced diet, and schedule regular dental visits to help keep your smile healthy.\nGum Disease and Overall Health\nAdvanced, untreated gum disease degrades the tissues and bone structures surrounding the teeth and very often causes tooth loss. But the effects of gum disease can be felt well beyond the mouth and jaw. Research links gum disease to a variety of systemic conditions that affect overall health, including heart disease, diabetes and osteoporosis. We refer to this as the mouth-body connection.\nIn some cases gum disease can cause problems in other parts of the body, while in other instances conditions seemingly unrelated to the mouth can contribute to the development or advancement of gum disease.\nIt's important to let us and your general dentist know about any illnesses or conditions you are experiencing. An awareness of difficulties outside your mouth can help us treat certain problems related to your teeth and gums. In turn, we may be able to identify diseases affecting other areas of your body based on the symptoms we observe inside your mouth. Following is a list of conditions known to be related to gum disease.\nIf you have diabetes, it is especially important to take good care of your teeth and gums, as gum disease and diabetes can affect each other adversely. Diabetes can disrupt the immune system's ability to fight infection, making diabetics more susceptible to gum disease, which is essentially an infection of the tissue surrounding the teeth. And advanced gum disease can boost the level of blood sugar in the body, further complicating diabetes.\nHeart Disease and Stroke\nThe American Academy of Periodontology cites research indicating that people with gum disease are nearly twice as likely to suffer from coronary artery (heart) disease as those without gum disease. Currently the actual link between the two diseases is not entirely clear, though some scientists believe that bacteria from the mouth travels through the blood stream to affect the arteries in the heart. Other research points to a link between gum disease and stroke, with one study finding higher instances of oral infection in a group of stroke survivors than in a control group.\nIn a normal body, bone growth slows over time, and due to age and other circumstances, bone density decreases. But in people with osteoporosis, bones are weakened to the point that they are fragile enough to fracture easily and frequently. Although we most commonly hear of hip or back fractures, all bones are affected, including the jaw. A jaw with decreased bone density can't support the teeth as well as a healthy jaw, which leaves those suffering from both gum disease and osteoporosis with a heightened risk of tooth loss. If you think you might be at risk for osteoporosis, talk to your doctor about having a bone density test. If this condition is identified early enough, treatment can help.\nResearch indicates that bacteria from the mouth — including those present in someone suffering from gum disease — can be inhaled down into the lungs, leading to respiratory diseases such as pneumonia. Smoking is a primary cause of respiratory diseases and it is also a risk factor in gum disease. Quitting smoking can improve your health in myriad ways. Please get in touch with us or your general dentist if you are looking for help with kicking the habit.\nDuring pregnancy and other phases of increased hormone levels (puberty, menstrual cycle, menopause) the risk of oral health problems is higher than normal, due to increased gum sensitivity. Some studies have linked gum disease to low birth weight and premature labor. If you are planning to become pregnant, be sure to assess your oral health first and begin treatment if you have gingivitis or periodontitis.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://daylescommunitycafe.com/2019/11/shhhhhh-the-trees-are-talking/", "date": "2023-02-02T08:12:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499967.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20230202070522-20230202100522-00330.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9573716521263123, "token_count": 813, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__52048482", "lang": "en", "text": "Robin Wall Kimmerer:\nIn the old times, our elders say, the trees talked to each other. They’d stand in their own council and craft a plan. But scientists decided long ago that plants were deaf and mute, locked in isolation without communication. The possibility of conversation was summarily dismissed. Science pretends to be purely rational, completely neutral, a system of knowledge-making in which the observation is independent of the observer. And yet the conclusion was drawn that plants cannot communicate because they lack the mechanisms that animals use to speak. . . . But pollen has been carried reliably on the wind for eons, communicated by males to receptive females to make . . . nuts. If the wind can be trusted with that fecund responsibility, why not with messages?\nThere is now compelling evidence that our elders were right—the trees are talking to one another. They communicate via pheromones, hormonelike compounds that are wafted on the breeze, laden with meaning. Scientists have identified specific compounds that one tree will release when it is under the stress of insect attack—gypsy moths gorging on its leaves or bark beetles under its skin. The tree sends out a distress call: “Hey, you guys over there? I’m under attack here. You might want to raise the drawbridge and arm yourselves for what is coming your way.” The downwind trees catch the drift, sensing those few molecules of alarm, the whiff of danger. This gives them time to manufacture defensive chemicals. . . . The individual benefits, and so does the entire grove. Trees appear to be talking about mutual defense. . . . There is so much we cannot yet understand with our limited human capacity. Tree conversations are still far above our heads.\nSome studies of mast fruiting have suggested that the mechanism for synchrony comes not through the air, but underground.  The trees in a forest are often interconnected by subterranean networks of mycorrhizae, fungal strands that inhabit tree roots. The mycorrhizal symbiosis enables the fungus to forage for mineral nutrients in the soil and deliver them to the tree in exchange for carbohydrates. The mycorrhizae may form fungal bridges between individual trees, so that all the trees in a forest are connected. These fungal networks appear to redistribute the wealth of carbohydrates from tree to tree. A kind of Robin Hood, they take from the rich and give to the poor so that all the trees arrive at the same carbon surplus at the same time. They weave a web of reciprocity, of giving and taking. In this way, the trees all act as one because the fungi have connected them. Through unity, survival. All flourishing is mutual.\nFr. Richard Rohr, Center for Action & Contemplation:\n‘For too long science and faith fell into the “sin of certainty,” each claiming Truth only for themselves and ignoring the beautifully symbiotic relationship that exists between them. Scientists like Robin Wall Kimmerer are an essential part of the Great Turning, dissolving the artificial binaries that have walled them off from one another. May we all have minds and hearts open enough to integrate the wisdom of our spiritual elders.’\nAre trees social beings? In this international bestseller, forester and author Peter Wohlleben convincingly makes the case that, yes, the forest is a social network. He draws on groundbreaking scientific discoveries to describe how trees are like human families: tree parents live together with their children, communicate with them, support them as they grow, share nutrients with those who are sick or struggling, and even warn each other of impending dangers. Wohlleben also shares his deep love of woods and forests, explaining the amazing processes of life, death, and regeneration he has observed in his woodland.\nAfter learning about the complex life of trees, a walk in the woods will never be the same again.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://arthritis.ca/understand-arthritis/types-of-arthritis/raynaud-s-phenomenon", "date": "2016-09-28T05:06:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738661311.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173741-00213-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9603827595710754, "token_count": 218, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-40__0__172145061", "lang": "en", "text": "Raynaud's PhenomenonView All Arthritis Types\nRaynaud's phenomenon is a condition resulting from poor circulation in the extremities (i.e., fingers and toes). In a person with Raynaud's phenomenon, when his or her skin is exposed to cold or the person becomes emotionally upset, the blood vessels under the skin tighten and the blood flow slows. This is called vasospasm. Hands and feet have fewer large blood vessels and, therefore, when a vasospasm occurs, it is harder for the blood to keep flowing and these areas may turn blue because less oxygen is reaching the skin. The skin will also feel cold because less blood is reaching the skin to keep it warm. While attacks of vasospasm may last from minutes to hours, only rarely do they cause severe tissue damage.\nRaynaud's phenomenon is named after the French doctor Maurice Raynaud, who first described the condition in the mid-1800s. The condition is also known as Raynaud's syndrome or Raynaud's disease.View All Arthritis Types", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.soulspaceyc.com/infrared-saunas", "date": "2018-12-15T13:13:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376826856.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20181215131038-20181215153038-00127.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9190195798873901, "token_count": 349, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__102408123", "lang": "en", "text": "SoulSpace Yoga Community has two Clearlight Far Infrared Saunas available for use.\nWHAT EXACTLY IS INFRARED?\nInfrared rays are one of the types of light that our powerful sun provides. Among other benefits, infrared rays permeate the skin deeply, dissolve harmful substances accumulated in the body, vitalize cells and boost metabolism.\n“Far” infrared — widely considered the most beneficial type of infrared — is the warm energy in humans, animals and plants that is also emitted from sunlight. The intensity of far infrared produced by the human body constantly fluctuates. When the intensity is high, we feel healthy and are able to overcome ailments. When the far infrared begins to decline, we are subject to disease and illness, and tend to age more quickly. When far-infrared waves are applied to water molecules, which comprise 70 percent of our body, these molecules begin to vibrate. This vibration aids in the eventual breakdown of the water molecules, causing encapsulated gases and other potentially toxic materials to be released. Far infrared waves soak into the body for a deep heating action that allows the body’s sweat glands to activate. Sweat glands are one of the main avenues of elimination through the largest organ of the body, our skin.\nAs with any health-related program, please consult your medical doctor to learn if far infrared is an appropriate healing tool for you.\nWHAT IS INCLUDED?\nYour sauna session comes with 1 complimentary, large bath towel. If you would like additional towels, please bring your own, or, you may rent one for $3.00\nCancellation policy: Please cancel within 24 hours or you will be charged the full amount.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.plameca.com/en/product/summum-propol-jarabe-adultos-2/", "date": "2020-07-11T20:22:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655937797.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20200711192914-20200711222914-00552.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.900371253490448, "token_count": 229, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__236440053", "lang": "en", "text": "Contains plant extracts traditionally used for respiratory and immune system wellbeing.\nRespiratory health benefits: - Contains thyme, echinacea, common sundew, hedge mustard and eucalyptus, which have been traditionally used to support respiratory wellbeing. Inmune system benefits: - Contains vitamin C, which contributes to the normal function of the immune system. - Contains echinacea, thyme and common sundew, which have been traditionally used to support the immune system.\n- Take 10 ml two to three times a day. - Population groups at risk: seek professional advice. - Shake before use. - Food supplements are not intended to replace a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. - Do not exceed the recommended daily intake. - Store in a cool dry place. Keep out of young children's reach.\n- Dietary supplement. - Risk population groups: consult your professional. - Food supplements should not be used as a substitute for a varied, balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. - Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. Keep out of reach of young children. - Store in a cool, dry place.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://togohb.com/how-to-make-food-waste-into-animal-feed/", "date": "2024-02-25T12:05:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474595.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225103506-20240225133506-00232.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9350548982620239, "token_count": 536, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__71207787", "lang": "en", "text": "How to Make Food Waste into Animal Feed?\nFood waste can be made into animal feed through biological treatment. The biological treatment process independently developed by our company can reach the harmless discharge standard after treatment.\nThe basic requirements for making food waste into animal feed are to realize disinfection and sterilization, meet the feed hygiene standard, retain nutrition to the greatest extent, improve the feed value of food waste and eliminate or reduce the impact of adverse factors. At present, the domestic food waste feed recycling technology is mainly a biological and physical method. Biological methods use microbial cells to ferment food waste, and use microbial growth, regeneration and metabolism to accumulate useful cells, enzymes and intermediates that are dried to produce proteins. The physical method is to directly dehydrate, dry and disinfect the food residue, and then grind it into feed.\nTreatment of Food Waste into Animal Feed:\n1. biological treatment of feed preparation. The principle is to add cultivated strains to kitchen waste and store them in sealed containers. Strains grow and kill pathogens as feed.\n2. feed made after high-temperature sterilization. Its principle is to kill the virus and grind it into animal feed by using the principle of high-temperature disinfection. A more mature way to treat food waste is to use a comprehensive set of granulation technology, extrusion drying technology and other methods. The concentration of bacteria in extruded feed was much lower than that in other samples.\nHow to make food waste into animal feed?\nAfter years of efforts, our company has carried out system optimization, impurity separation / removal, temperature control homogenization, coagulation separation, solid-liquid / oil-water separation, microbial fermentation, indirect drying and three kinds of waste treatment. We have developed our own process technology and independently developed an equipment suitable for large-scale treatment of kitchen residues to produce composite biological protein raw materials. The sorting system is mechanized, which is more than 8 times faster than manual sorting, and the labor intensity is reduced by more than 80%.\nThe food waste is poured into the pretreatment system of the food waste treatment equipment by the food waste bucket elevator. After the food waste is crushed and pressed, the water content of the food waste is controlled at about 50%. Then the materials are automatically put into the local resource treatment equipment of the food waste. After the materials are added, a special bacterial agent is added. The equipment can operate automatically for 24 hours according to the preset operating parameters. After 24-hour continuous treatment, 90% of the food waste is metabolized into steam and bio heat energy, and 10% of the animal feed is discharged.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://timebillions.com/why-pre-and-post-workout-meals-are-important-2023-guide/", "date": "2023-09-29T20:23:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510528.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20230929190403-20230929220403-00113.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9324703216552734, "token_count": 1955, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__249347201", "lang": "en", "text": "Why Pre and Post-Workout Meals are Important – 2023 Guide\nPre and post-workout meals play a crucial role in optimizing athletic performance, supporting muscle growth, and enhancing recovery. These meals are designed to provide the necessary fuel and nutrients to maximize the benefits of exercise. In this guide, we will discuss in detail why pre and post-workout meals are important, highlighting their key benefits and offering practical recommendations.\nI. Pre-Workout Meals: Fueling Performance\nA. Enhancing Energy Levels:\nPre-workout meals are essential for enhancing energy levels, providing the necessary fuel to sustain physical activity during workouts. Here are a few key points related to enhancing energy levels through pre-workout meals:\nConsuming carbohydrates before a workout is crucial as they serve as the primary source of energy for the body. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver. When you exercise, your body uses these glycogen stores to fuel your workout. Including carbohydrates in your pre-workout meal ensures that you have sufficient glycogen reserves to support your energy needs during exercise.\nIntense physical activity can deplete your glycogen stores. By consuming carbohydrates before a workout, you replenish these stores, allowing you to perform at a higher intensity and for a longer duration. This is particularly important for endurance exercises or high-intensity workouts.\nIt is recommended to consume complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, as they provide a steady release of energy. Avoid high-sugar foods or refined carbohydrates, as they may lead to rapid spikes and crashes in blood sugar levels.\nB. Optimizing Exercise Performance:\nWhile carbohydrates are the primary fuel source, including a moderate amount of protein in your pre-workout meal can have benefits for exercise performance. Protein helps support muscle protein synthesis, which is the process of building and repairing muscle tissue. By consuming protein before a workout, you provide the necessary amino acids to help prevent muscle breakdown and support muscle recovery.\nProper hydration is essential for optimal exercise performance. Dehydration can negatively impact your energy levels, focus, and overall performance. Including fluids as part of your pre-workout meal or hydrating adequately before exercise ensures that you start your workout in a hydrated state.\nKeep in mind that the timing of your pre-workout meal is important. Consuming a meal too close to your workout may cause discomfort or interfere with digestion. Aim to eat a pre-workout meal containing carbohydrates and protein approximately 1 to 3 hours before your exercise session. This timeframe allows for proper digestion and ensures that the nutrients from your meal are readily available as energy during your workout.\nII. Post-Workout Meals: Recovery and Muscle Growth\nA. Muscle Repair and Recovery:\nPost-workout meals play a vital role in muscle repair and recovery after intense physical activity. Here are some key points related to muscle repair and recovery through post-workout meals:\nConsuming an adequate amount of protein after a workout is crucial for muscle repair and recovery. During exercise, muscles undergo stress and small tears occur in muscle fibers. Protein provides the necessary amino acids, which are the building blocks for repairing and rebuilding these damaged muscle fibers. Adequate protein intake post-workout supports muscle protein synthesis, the process by which muscles adapt and grow stronger.\nLeucine is an essential amino acid that plays a significant role in muscle protein synthesis. Including foods that are rich in leucine, such as lean meats, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and plant-based sources like soybeans and lentils, in your post-workout meal can help stimulate muscle protein synthesis and promote efficient muscle recovery.\nB. Glycogen Replenishment:\nDuring exercise, your body uses glycogen stores for energy. Consuming carbohydrates after a workout helps replenish these glycogen stores more rapidly. Adequate glycogen replenishment promotes faster recovery, replenishes energy stores, and prepares your body for subsequent workouts. Including carbohydrates in your post-workout meal is particularly important after endurance exercises or high-intensity workouts.\nConsuming carbohydrates post-workout triggers an insulin response in the body. Insulin helps shuttle nutrients, such as glucose and amino acids, into the muscle cells, promoting muscle repair and growth. This insulin response is more efficient and effective immediately after a workout when the muscles are more insulin-sensitive.\nC. Reduced Muscle Soreness:\nPost-workout meals rich in antioxidants can help reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, and muscle soreness. Intense exercise can lead to the production of free radicals, which can cause cellular damage and contribute to muscle soreness. Including foods high in antioxidants, such as berries, leafy greens, nuts, and seeds, in your post-workout meal can help counteract these effects and support recovery.\nOmega-3 fatty acids:\nOmega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and can aid in reducing post-workout inflammation and muscle soreness. Including sources of omega-3 fatty acids, such as fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), walnuts, chia seeds, and flaxseeds, in your post-workout meal can help promote recovery and alleviate muscle soreness.\nIt is recommended to consume a post-workout meal or snack within 30 to 60 minutes after exercise. This timeframe allows for optimal nutrient uptake and utilization by the muscles. Including a combination of protein and carbohydrates in your post-workout meal is beneficial for muscle repair, glycogen replenishment, and overall recovery.\nIII. Practical Recommendations for Pre and Post-Workout Meals:\nTiming plays a crucial role in optimizing the benefits of pre and post-workout meals. Here are some practical recommendations regarding the timing of these meals:\nAim to consume a meal or snack containing carbohydrates and protein 1 to 3 hours before your workout.\nThis timeframe allows for proper digestion and absorption of nutrients, ensuring that you have sufficient energy during your exercise session.\nIf you have a larger meal, allow for a longer digestion period closer to the 3-hour mark. For smaller snacks, a shorter timeframe of closer to 1 hour may be sufficient.\nExperiment with different timing options to find what works best for your body and allows you to exercise comfortably without experiencing digestive discomfort.\nConsume a post-workout meal or snack within 30 to 60 minutes after completing your exercise session.\nThis window is referred to as the “anabolic window” when the body is primed to absorb nutrients and optimize recovery.\nEating promptly after your workout helps replenish glycogen stores, initiates muscle repair and protein synthesis, and supports overall recovery.\nIf a full meal isn’t feasible immediately after your workout, have a smaller snack with a combination of protein and carbohydrates to kickstart the recovery process. Then, follow up with a complete meal within a couple of hours.\nB. Macronutrient Composition:\nInclude a balanced meal or snack that contains both carbohydrates and a moderate amount of protein.\nCarbohydrates provide the primary source of energy, while protein supports muscle protein synthesis and prevents muscle breakdown.\nOpt for complex carbohydrates such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables for sustained energy release, and avoid high-sugar or refined carbohydrates that can lead to energy crashes.\nExamples of pre-workout meals or snacks include a chicken and quinoa salad, Greek yogurt with fruits, or a peanut butter and banana sandwich on whole-grain bread.\nFocus on a post-workout meal or snack that provides both protein and carbohydrates to maximize recovery and muscle growth.\nProtein is essential for muscle repair, while carbohydrates replenish glycogen stores and support nutrient uptake.\nOpt for lean sources of protein such as chicken, fish, tofu, or legumes, paired with carbohydrates like sweet potatoes, brown rice, or whole-grain bread.\nIncluding a variety of vegetables in your post-workout meal adds essential nutrients and antioxidants to aid in recovery.\nEnsure proper hydration before starting your exercise session.\nDrink water or other hydrating beverages in the hours leading up to your workout.\nStaying hydrated helps maintain fluid balance, supports optimal performance, and prevents dehydration during exercise.\nRehydrate with fluids after your workout to replenish the water and electrolytes lost through sweat.\nWater is generally sufficient for rehydration in most cases, but for intense or prolonged workouts, consider electrolyte-rich beverages or sports drinks.\nMonitor your hydration status and drink enough fluids to quench your thirst and restore hydration levels.\nPre and post-workout meals are crucial for fueling performance, optimizing exercise, supporting muscle growth, and facilitating recovery. By understanding the importance of these meals and implementing practical recommendations, individuals can enhance their athletic endeavors and achieve their fitness goals more effectively. Remember, consulting with a registered dietitian or nutritionist can provide personalized guidance based on specific needs and fitness levels.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://buypropecia-online.site/advancing-breast-ovarian-cancer-research-with-cryo-electron-microscopy.html", "date": "2021-09-17T03:14:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780054023.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20210917024943-20210917054943-00086.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9192936420440674, "token_count": 1211, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__143391801", "lang": "en", "text": "Utilizing superior imaging know-how, Mayo Clinic scientists have offered an unprecedented understanding of the BRCA1-BARD1 protein complicated, which is commonly mutated in sufferers with breast or ovarian most cancers. Their paper, printed in Nature, identifies features of how BRCA1-BARD1 features, supporting future translational analysis, most cancers prevention efforts and drug improvement.\n“BRCA1-BARD1 is essential for DNA restore. It has direct relevance to most cancers as a result of lots of of mutations within the BRCA1 and BARD1 genes have been recognized in most cancers sufferers,” says Georges Mer, Ph.D., a Mayo Clinic structural biologist and biochemist who’s the lead writer of the paper. “However nobody is aware of if these mutations, or variants of unknown significance, are cancer-predisposing or not as a result of we have no idea whether or not the variants are positioned in a area of BRCA1-BARD1 that’s essential for perform. Now as a result of we are able to see how BRCA1-BARD1 works, we’ve a good suggestion of what areas of BRCA1-BARD1 are essential for perform.”\nIn a cell, the complicated of DNA and histone proteins are complexed into what’s referred to as chromatin, and packaged into bundles referred to as nucleosomes. DNA harm response proteins must entry chromatin to restore broken DNA. BRCA1-BARD1 contributes to fixing damaged DNA strands, which helps within the upkeep and survival of cells. However additionally it is a perform that would presumably be blocked or inactivated if this can be a technique a most cancers cell makes use of to outlive chemotherapy.\nCryo-electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy\n“We used two strategies―cryo-electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy―to grasp at near-atomic decision how BRCA1-BARD1 associates with the nucleosome, the repeating unit of chromatin, and the way BRCA1-BARD1 modifies chromatin,” explains Dr. Mer.\nIn cryo-electron microscopy, purified BRCA1-BARD1 sure to nucleosomes, collectively known as macromolecules, are flash-frozen then imaged utilizing an electron microscope. The macromolecules are oriented in varied methods throughout the pattern so a pc program evaluates all of the orientation information to create a 3D construction. Dr. Mer and his group additionally examined BRCA1-BARD1 nucleosome complexes with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which makes use of a powerful magnet to probe the relative positions of atoms inside macromolecules. Utilizing these imaging instruments, the scientists may visualize BRCA1-BARD1 in motion and uncover a brand new perform of the complicated.\n“We confirmed how BRCA1-BARD1 attaches ubiquitin to the nucleosome, however we additionally decided that BRCA1-BARD1 acknowledges ubiquitin already connected to the nucleosome, which serves as a sign for damaged DNA,” says Dr. Mer. “We found an sudden cross-talk by which ubiquitin recognition by BRCA1-BARD1 enhances its ubiquitin attachment exercise, and this helps us higher perceive how BRCA1-BARD1 performs its perform.”\nThe researchers created a video from the cryo-electron microscopy information to indicate the place the protein complicated interacts with the nucleosome.\nFrom discovery science to affected person care\nDr. Mer and his group count on that high-resolution photos of BRCA1-BARD1 may also help information affected person care and future therapy of most cancers in two methods: classifying variants of unknown significance and directing drug improvement with extra accuracy.\n“With these 3D constructions, we should always be capable of convert a number of variants of unknown significance to seemingly cancer-predisposing variants,” says Dr. Mer. “This work can also be anticipated to have an effect on drug improvement in the long run as a result of the 3D constructions of BRCA1-BARD1 in complicated with the nucleosome we generated might assist in the design of small molecules that would, for instance, inactivate BRCA1-BARD1.”\nAlong with Dr. Mer, different authors on the paper are Qi Hu, Ph.D.; Maria Victoria Botuyan, Ph.D.; Debiao Zhao, Ph.D.; Gaofeng Cui, Ph.D.; and Elie Mer. This analysis was funded by the Nationwide Institutes of Well being, Mayo Clinic Most cancers Heart, Mayo Clinic Heart for Biomedical Discovery, and the Ovarian Most cancers Analysis Alliance, and was made doable by means of cryo-electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance instrumentation on the Pacific Northwest Heart for Cryo-EM and Mayo Clinic, respectively.\nAnalysis explains the function of the gene BRCA1 in DNA restore\nQi Hu et al, Mechanisms of BRCA1–BARD1 nucleosome recognition and ubiquitylation, Nature (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03716-8\nAdvancing breast, ovarian most cancers analysis with cryo-electron microscopy (2021, July 28)\nretrieved 28 July 2021\nThis doc is topic to copyright. Other than any honest dealing for the aim of personal research or analysis, no\nhalf could also be reproduced with out the written permission. The content material is offered for info functions solely.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ventionteams.com/blog/how-ai-fuels-modern-medicine", "date": "2023-12-04T02:49:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100523.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204020432-20231204050432-00584.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.943428099155426, "token_count": 1406, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__98812691", "lang": "en", "text": "How AI leverages DNA to fuel modern medicine\nFew areas in science benefit as much from advancements in processing power as genomics. From a computational standpoint, the amount of time and resources needed to fully sequence even a simple organism's DNA is immense, and that's just half the job: for that sequencing to be useful, scientists need to analyze its massive outputs of data and apply a variety of math techniques to properly map their work into practical information.\nBut while brute-force data processing is still of major relevance in the field, those CPU advancements also allow for a smarter approach, and one that the discipline welcomes wholeheartedly: AI-powered DNA sequencing.\nWith the correct AI algorithms, researchers not only enjoy faster processing times but more precise ones. Needless to say, in the last few years, machine learning has enabled this deeply interdisciplinary field to advance by leaps and bounds. And at every turn, a healthcare revolution follows in the wake.\nAI has been used to accomplish a variety of clinical genomics tasks, including variant calling and annotation, variant impact prediction, phenotype-to-genotype mapping, and more. Let's have a look at the main applications of AI in the field, how genomics analysis is impacted by it, and the ways it affects us directly.\nThe major uses of AI in genomics\nDrug discovery & screening\nA drug is, fundamentally, a chemical product that interacts with the body's own chemistry aiming to positively alter it. For that to happen, however, pharmaceuticals need a comprehensive understanding of our biological processes.\nBy vastly expanding our knowledge to the inner workings of human bodies on a molecular scale, a pharmacogenomic AI makes for more efficient drug research and discovery, while also making clinical trials more predictable, and thus, safer.\nPredictive genetic testing & diagnostics\nWhile some diseases like flu or malaria are caused by external factors, many others are in some way hard-coded into our genes. Through genomics, predisposition for those hereditary conditions (for instance, some cancers) can be discovered well before symptoms appear and treated accordingly — and, in the near future, even \"edited out\" of our systems.\nIn cases where the disease isn't preventable or treatable before symptoms arise, a clearer picture of the patient still makes for a more effective diagnosis. Rare syndromes, often genetic, that for decades have eluded doctors become more manageable when correctly identified.\nWhile genetic testing is usually done by specialized healthcare providers, at-home testing has been picking up steam for the past few years. Ancestry tests, for example, can be safely and reliably ordered by mail and executed directly by the consumer.\nThe same principle applies to AI-powered genomics: instead of your genealogy tree, a small sample of your DNA can now provide you with thorough results about your genetic traits, predispositions, and general health.\nPersonalized treatment is perhaps where genomics shines the brightest. Since every genome is unique, mapping an individual's genetic code allows for the ultimate customization in combating illnesses.\nWhen paired with the aforementioned drug discovery, genomics can provide tailor-made treatment for a patient's condition. Cancers can be sequenced, analyzed, and tackled with personalized care fueled by advanced AI technology, thereby drastically improving healing odds.\nAll in all, genomics' possible applications in medicine are as vast as medicine itself. For an in-depth look, we've handpicked some breakthrough methods currently being pioneered by innovative companies, some of which we've had the pleasure to partner with.\nKey players and major innovators\nRecursion Pharma: Drug discovery\nThis American drug manufacturer, boasting over a dozen VC companies as partners, combines AI technology and chemistry research to create frameworks enabling personally crafted drugs.\nBy prioritizing data, their AI technology and drug development coexist in the same hierarchy as two parts of a whole, automating much of the drug screening process and enabling continuous and adaptable machine learning over many iterations.\nEzra: Cancer diagnosis\nThe startup, which raised $18M in its Series A, has a straightforward purpose — to detect cancer as early as possible. It is a known fact that early diagnosis is the best prevention against the disease, and Ezra's solution (and main product) comes as a single session, full-body MRI scan able to detect up to 13 types of cancer.\nBehind the screening, however, is a complex myriad of AI technologies to facilitate the radiologists' work. Their AI technology focuses on imagery, improving the efficiency of diagnosis through machine recognition of visual patterns in tumors.\nGauss Surgical: Blood tests\nGauss Surgical specializes in the prevention of maternal mortality by monitoring blood loss during delivery and postpartum. Traditionally, hemorrhage protocols are checked and followed through human-eye estimations of how much blood has been lost, a system too prone to errors.\nGauss's platform, the AI-powered Triton app, instead reads blood levels in real time by visually recognizing blood properties through an iPhone camera, resulting in a 300% increase in hemorrhage detection.\nPexxi: Tailored contraception\nThe one-size-fits-all approach of contraceptive pills can be maddening for many women, who often end up finding theirs by trial and error, all while dealing with a plethora of — and in some cases, unavoidable — side effects.\nUK-based Pexxi bypasses this by individually analyzing their clients' hormones and genetic background, which can be done via at-home test kits. After recommending the ideal match, the company keeps monitoring how the body reacts to the pill through stress, energy, body mass, skin quality, and mental health levels.\nGenomic Prediction: Predictive genetic testing\nThe world's leading clinical laboratory, Genomic Prediction supports parents seeking in vitro fertilization by testing the embryos' genome to improve the procedure's success rate and reduce the risk of potential diseases.\nVention's partner for over two years, we have developed a robust network of web platforms aimed at enhancing the storage and analysis of their genetic data, alongside solutions to manage requests from and reports to their clients.\nWhat does the future bring?\nIt might take some time before AI-powered genomics become as immediate and personal as insulin monitors, yet it's easy to forget that same sequencing that took the Human Genome Project 13 years and billions of dollars to execute in the 90s can be done nowadays in less than a day and cost a fraction of a smartphone.\nNonetheless, genomics, and the power brought to it by AI development, is an outstanding example of the uncanny progress made possible by technology. From small quality-of-life improvements to treatments — and potential cures — for conditions we’ve struggled with since the dawn of time, the possibilities are as boundless as these machines' capacity to learn.\nAnd that is a reassuring prospect indeed.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.gregory-white.co.uk/livingsymphonies.html", "date": "2024-04-15T12:56:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816977.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415111434-20240415141434-00656.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9426995515823364, "token_count": 387, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__87574936", "lang": "en", "text": "↪ Visit the Living Symphonies website\nis a landscape sound installation that grows in the same way as a forest ecosystem. Portraying the thriving activity of the forest's wildlife, plants and atmospheric conditions, it creates an ever-changing symphony heard amongst the forest itself.\nSince 2014 I have worked directly with composer James Bulley\nand programmer Daniel Jones\non their ongoing artwork Living Symphonies\n, as it has toured across six forests throughout the U.K.\nMy main responsibilities have included: recording sessions with musicians; highly-detailed editing of audio assets; design of generative music systems; spatial mixing across 24 speakers; installation of speakers and audio hardware within the forests; testing and debugging of custom audio software; photo and video documentation; and leading installation volunteers.\n\"Working with ecologists and wildlife experts, the artists develop a detailed map of the flora and fauna that inhabit the forest site. Each species is depicted by a unique set of musical motifs that portray its changing behaviours over the day and night, coming to life as the species awakens, and moving, developing and interacting just as the organism it represents. Dozens of these motifs can be heard at any moment, mapped across the real space of the forest and heard back through a three-dimensional speaker system.\"\n\"Living Symphonies toured four of England's forests in 2014, co-produced by Forestry Commission England and Sound And Music, and with support from Arts Council England. In Summer 2019, Living Symphonies was exhibited in Epping Forest, London as part of the Borough of Culture and National Park City festival. Living Symphonies was exhibited at Compton Verney April–July 2023.\"", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.pacificforest.org/species/chinook-salmon/", "date": "2018-01-17T09:04:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084886860.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20180117082758-20180117102758-00232.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9329274296760559, "token_count": 278, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__155084365", "lang": "en", "text": "Latin Name: Oncorhynchus kisutch\nStatus: Endangered and threatened\nPopulation: Both the Asian and North American sides of the North Pacific Ocean\nDiet: Plankton and insects in freshwater and small fish in the ocean\nWeight: Average weight is 40 pounds (can grow up to 120 pounds)\nLength: 3 feet\nAbout the Chinook Salmon\nLike other salmon species, Chinook salmon return to the rivers and streams of their birth to mate but spend most of their adult life in ocean habitats. They spend between 3 months and two years in freshwater habitats and 2-4 years in marine environments.\nAfter hatching from their eggs, juvenile Chinook salmon have dark bands on their sides, also known as parr marks, that help camouflage them in stream environments. As the salmon mature and prepare to migrate downstream, their skin becomes dark on their backs and light on their underbellies to help them confuse ocean predators.\nChinook salmon are often called “king salmon” because they are the largest species of salmon.\nHow you can help this species\nConservation PROJECTS WITH\nChinook Salmon HABITATS\nThe Pacific Forest Trust is dedicated to preserving natural habitats and forest systems where animals can thrive. Explore some of our conservation projects and easements in and around the Chinook salmon habitat.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://godsfinalcallandwarning.com/herbs", "date": "2024-04-12T12:29:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296815919.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412101354-20240412131354-00156.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9412401914596558, "token_count": 5126, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__131557886", "lang": "en", "text": "Alfalfa contains health building properties. It helps assimilate protein, calcium and other nutrients. It is beneficial for all ailments because of its vitality and nutrient properties. And the contents are also balanced for complete absorption. Alfalfa contains chlorophyll. It is a body cleanser, infection fighter and natural deodorizer. It breaks down poisonous carbon dioxide and it is the richest land source of trace minerals. It is a very good spring tonic, it eliminates retained water, and relieves urinary and bowel problems. It helps in treating recuperative cases of narcotic and alcohol addiction. The enzymes help to neutralize cancer in the system.\nAlfalfa contains a very rich supply of vitamins A, K, and D. It is also high in calcium and contains phosphorus, iron, potassium and eight essential enzymes. It is rich in trace minerals.\nAloe Vera is known as the first aid plant. It cleans, soothes and heals. It also contains antibiotic properties. It shouldn't be taken as a laxative during pregnancy. It contains properties which promotes the removal of dead skin and stimulates the normal growth of living cells, and which can stop pain and reduce the chance of infection and scarring while helping the healing process.\nThis is one plant every household should have. It is one of the easiest plants to grow indoors. It is valuable to burning, itching, minor cuts and first and second degree thermal burns. The fresh juice from the leaves heals wounds by preventing or drawing out infections. Aloe Vera helps to heal internal tissues damaged by radiation exposure, such as x-rays and radiation.\nAloe Vera contains-calcium, potassium, sodium, manganese, magnesium, iron, lecithin, and zinc.\nBee Pollen is high in aspartic acid, an amino acid that is able to stimulate the glands to promote a feeling of physical rejuvenation. It promotes youthful feeling, builds resistance to diseases, helps to boost healing powers and provides the body with energy.\nStudies have found that it has a healing effect where there is pernicious anemia and disturbances of the intestinal system such as colitis, and chronic constipation. Bee Pollen slows down the aging process, for it has helped the emotional well-being of aging people. It also helps the hormonal system. Bee Pollen mixed with honey is used in Russia for treating hypertension, nervous and endocrine system complaints. It normalizes the activity of the intestines (in cases of colitis or chronic constipation), it improves the appetite, and increases fitness for work. Some people could be allergic to Bee Pollen and caution should be used if itching, dizziness, or difficulty in swallowing occurs after taking it. Always start out with small doses.\nBee Pollen contains 35% protein, about half of which is in the form of free amino acids, which are essential to life and can be immediately assimilated by the body. It is high in B-complex vitamins, and also vitamins A, C, D, and E. It is said to contain every substance needed to maintain life. It is called a complete food. Bee Pollen also contains Lecithin.\nBlessed Thistle has a long history as a digestive and general tonic. It is useful for headaches in menopause problems. It is an excellent tonic for stomach and heart, aids circulation and helps all liver problems. It increases mothers' milk, and strengthens the memory by bringing oxygen to the brain. It helps control fevers, helps with cramps and other female problems, and also helps in balancing hormones. The Quinault Indians used the whole plant, steeped to create a birth-control medicine. It also has been used for treating internal cancer\nBlessed Thistle contains the B-complex vitamin, manganese, calcium, iron phosphorus, and potassium.\nCAPSICUM OR CAYENNE\nCapsicum is said to be unequalled for warding off diseases and equalizing blood circulation. It is called a \"Supreme and harmless internal disinfectant.\" It increases the heart action but not the blood pressure. It is said to prevent strokes and heart attacks. It is used for hemorrhaging external and internal.\nCapsicum increases the power of all other herbs, helps in digestion when taken with meals and promotes all the secreting organs. It is a natural stimulant for diarrhea and dysentery,\nThis herb is a very important one when you want quick action for the flu and colds for its stimulating action.\nIt has the ability to rebuild tissue in the stomach and heals stomach and intestinal ulcers. It is known as the purest and best stimulant in the herb kingdom. It is said to be a catalyst, carrying all other herbs quickly to the part of the body where it is most needed, and increases their effectiveness.\nCapsicum is high in Vitamins A, C, iron and calcium. It has Vitamin G, Magnesium, Phosphorus, and Sulphur. It has some B-complex, and is rich in Potassium.\nCascara Sagrada is a bark rich in hormone-like oils which promote peristaltic action in the intestinal canal. It is one of the best herbs to use for chronic constipation and is said to not be habit-forming. It increases the secretions of the stomach, liver, and pancreas and exerts a remarkable action in torpor of the colon in constipation.\nIt has been effective to the gall ducts, and in helping the body rid itself of gallstones.\nCascara is very valuable whenever there are hemorrhoids because of poor bowel function.\nIt helps in painless evacuations and, after extended usage, the bowels will function naturally and regularly from its tonic effects. It also has a stimulating tonic effect to all nerves that it comes in contact with. It is very cleansing to the colon and helps rebuild its functions.\nCascara Sagrada contains B-Complex, calcium, potassium, manganese, traces of tin, lead, strontium and aluminum.\nCatnip has been called nature's \"Alka-Seltzer.\" The Indians used it for infant colic, but it also has a sedative effect on the nervous system. It is useful for many ailments: for all cases of fevers for its actin in inducing sleep and in producing perspiration without increasing heat in the body. In children it is said to speedily overcome convulsions. It is also good for restlessness and colic and as a pain killer, especially for small children and infants. It has been known to help prevent a cold when drinking a warm infusion when you notice the first symptom. It helps in fatigue and improves circulation. It is said to help to prevent miscarriages and premature births. It helps in aches and pain due to flu and upset stomach and diarrhea associated with flu.\nCatnip is high in vitamins A and C, and the B-complex vitamin. It contains magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, sodium, and has a trace of sulphur.\nChaparral has the ability to cleanse deep into the muscles and tissue walls. It is a potent healer to the urethral tract and to lymphatics, tones up the system and rebuilds the tissues. Medical science believes that the process by which chaparral supports the system works by inhibiting the unwanted rapid growth, via the vital respiratory process throughout the whole system. It is a strong antioxidant, anti-tumor agent, pain-killer, and antiseptic. It is one of the best herbal antibiotics. Chaparral has been said to be able to take the residue of LSD out of the system, thereby helping eliminate recurrences.\nChaparral is high in protein, potassium, and sodium. It also contains silicon, tin, aluminum, sulphur, chlorine, and barium.\nDandelion benefits the function of the liver. It has the ability to clear obstructions and stimulates the liver to detoxify poisons. It should be considered a valuable survival food. It contains all the nutritive salts that are required for the body to purify the blood. It promotes a healthy circulation, strengthens weak arteries, cleanses skim blemishes and restores the gastric balance in patients who have suffered from severe vomiting.\nThe juice of the broken stem can be applied to warts and allowed to dry. If used daily for two or three days, it will dry up the warts. It is also useful for corns, acne and blisters.\nA diet of this herb (green) improves the enamel of the teeth.\nDandelion is a natural source of protein. It is rich in vitamin A. It is an excellent source of vitamin B., C, and E. It is rich in potassium, calcium and sodium. It contains some phosphorus and iron, as well as some nickel, cobalt, tin, copper, and zinc.\nEchinacea stimulates the immune response, increasing the body's ability to resist infections, especially the production of white blood cells. It improves lymphatic filtration and drainage, and it helps remove toxins from the blood. It is considered one of the best blood cleansers and is called the King of the Blood Purifiers. It is said to be good for enlargement and weakness of the prostate gland. It is a natural antibiotic. It has been used with Chickweed to help in weight loss.\nIt contains vitamins A, E, and C, iron, iodine, copper, sulphur, and potassium.\nEyebright aids in stimulating the liver to clean the blood and relieve the conditions that effect the clarity of vision and thought. It is useful for inflammations because of its cooling and detoxifying properties. It has antiseptic properties that fight infections of the eyes. It has traditionally been used as a remedy for eye problems, such as failing vision, eye inflammation, conjunctivitis ulcers and even eye strain. Eyebright will strengthen all parts of the eye and provide an elasticity to the nerves and optic devices responsible for sight.\nIt is extremely rich in vitamins A and C. It contains B complex, vitamin D, and some vitamin E. It also contains iron, silicon, a trace of iodine, copper, and zinc.\nGarlic is nature's antibiotic. The properties of garlic have the ability of stimulating cell growth and activity. It has a rejuvenative effect on all body functions. It is a health building and disease preventative herb and dissolves cholesterol in the bloodstream. Garlic stimulates the lymphatic system to throw off waste materials. Garlic stimulates the lymphatic system to throw off waste materials. Garlic opens up the blood vessels and reduces blood pressure in hypertensive patients. It contains antibiotics that are effective against bacteria which may be resistant to other antibiotics. It is called Russian penicillin. Garlic does not destroy the body's normal flora.\nThis herb contains vitamins A and C. It also contains selenium, which is closely related to vitamin E in biological activity. It contains sulphur, calcium, manganese, copper, and a lot of vitamin B1. Garlic also contains some iron and it is high in potassium and zinc.\nIn the Orient Ginseng is called the King of the Herbs. It stimulates the entire body energy to overcome stress, fatigue, and weakness. It is especially stimulating for mental fatigue. It stimulates and improves the brain cells. Ginseng has a very beneficial effect on the heart and circulation. It is used to normalize blood pressure, reduce blood cholesterol and prevent arteriosclerosis. It is used as a preventive tonic in China. It is claimed to slow down the aging process. It is considered a cure all herb. It acts as an antidote to various types of drugs and toxic chemicals, and is said to protect the body against radiation. It is said to improve vision and hearing activity, improve working ability, and help to check irritability to give one more poise and composure.\nGinseng contains vitamins A and E. It also contains thiamine, riboflavin, B12m, niacin, calcium, iron, phosphorus, sodium, silicon, potassium, manganese, magnesium, sulphur, and tin.\nGolden Seal has been recommended as a way of boosting a sluggish glandular system and promoting youthful hormone harmony. The action of the herb goes directly into the bloodstream and helps regulate the liver functions. It has a natural antibiotic ability to stop infection and kill poisons in the body. It should not be used by pregnant women. Golden Seal can be used for many illnesses not listed.\nGolden Seal is valuable for all catarrhal conditions either in the nasal area, bronchial tubes, throat, intestines, stomach and bladder. It has the ability to heal mucous membranes anywhere in the body. It ranks high as one of the best general medicinal aids in the herbal kingdom. When taken with other herbs it increases the tonic properties for whatever ailment is being treated. If a person has low blood sugar, substitute myrrh instead of Goldenseal.\nThis herb contains vitamins A and C. It also contains vitamin B-complex, E, F, calcium, copper, potassium, lots of phosphorus, manganese, iron, zinc and sodium.\nHawthorn is very effective for relieving insomnia. A poultice of leaves (crushed) or fruit has strong drawing powers and has been used in England for centuries in the treatment of embedded thorns, splinters, felons and whitlows. The fruits are used for nervousness and also in preventing miscarriage. It has been known for centuries as a treatment of heart disease. Regular use strengthens the heart muscles. It has been used in preventing arteriosclerosis and in helping conditions like rapid and feeble heart action, heart valve defects, enlarged heart, angina pectoris and difficult breathing owing to ineffective heart action and lack of oxygen in the blood. Some herbalists recommend Hawthorn to use against diseases before actual symptoms are manifest.\nThis herb is high in Vitamins C and B-complex. It contains sodium, silicon, phosphorus, and some iron, zinc, sulphur, nickel, tin, aluminum and beryllium.\nHops is recognized for its remarkable sedative powers. It is known as one of the best nervines in the herb kingdom. It is strong but safe to use. Culpepper says, \"It opens obstructions of the liver and spleen, cleanses the blood, loosens the belly, cleanses the veins from gravel and provokes urine.\" Hops contains appetizing and tonic properties as well as sedative properties and acts as a nervine in overcoming insomnia. It acts as a stimulant to the glands and muscles of the stomach and at the same time calms the hyperexcitability to the gastric nerves. It has a relaxing influence upon the liver and gall duct and is also a laxative to the bowels. Its main uses are to alleviate nervous tension and promote restful sleep.\nHops is rich in the vitamin B-complex. It contains magnesium, zinc, copper, traces of iodine, manganese, iron, sodium, lead, fluorine, and chlorine.\nHyssop is used in lung ailments. It is good for fevers to help produce sweating. Research has found that the mold that produces penicillin grows on hyssop leaves, and therefore helps the healing process. It contains essential hormone oil to build resistance to infectious diseases. Hyssop is usually mixed with other herbs for the best results. The leaves can be applied on wounds to help infections and help aid in healing. It has been used for poor digestion, breast and lung problems, cough from colds and nose and throat infections. It is useful for mucus congestion in the intestines.\nKelp is a good promoter of glandular health. It controls the thyroid and regulates the metabolism which helps digest food. Kelp has the reputation of speeding up the burning of excess calories by controlling the body's metabolism and is helpful in the nourishment of the body with its ability to stimulate metabolism. It contains all of the minerals considered vital to health. It even contains a small amount of lecithin. Kelp has a beneficial effect on many disorders of the body. It is called a sustainer to the nervous system and the brain, helping the brain to function normally. It is essential during pregnancy.\nKelp contains nearly 30 minerals. It is rich iodine, calcium, sulphur and silicon. It also contains phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chlorine, copper, zinc and manganese. It has a small amount of barium, boron, chronium, lithium, nickel, silver, titanium, vanadium, aluminum, strontium, bismuth, chlorine, cobalt, gallium, tin and zirconium. Kelp is rich in B-complex vitamins. It contains vitamin A, C, E and G. It also contains anti-sterility vitamin S, and it has anti-hemorrhage vitamin K.\nMullein is called a natural wonder herb with narcotic properties, without being habit forming or poisonous. Mullein is a great pain killer and helps induce sleep. It has a calming effect on all inflamed and irritated nerves. This is why it works so well in controlling coughs, cramps and spasms. It has the ability to loosen mucus and move it out of the body. It is valuable for all lung problems because it nourishes as well as strengthens. The crushed flowers have been used to remove warts. The tea has been used for dropsy, sinusitis, and swollen joints. The hot tea helps when applied to mumps, tumors, sore throat, and tonsillitis.\nMullein is high in iron, magnesium, potassium and sulphur. It contains A, D, and B-complex.\nParsley should be used as a preventative herb. It is so nutritious that it increases resistance to infections and diseases. The roots or leaves are very good for all liver and spleen problems when jaundice and venereal diseases are present. Fresh juice has helped in conjunctivitis and blepharitis an inflammation of the eyelid. It has a tonic effect on the entire urinary system. It has been used as a cancer preventative. Parsley should not be used during pregnancy, it could bring on labor pains. It will dry up mother's milk after birth.\nParsley is high in vitamin B and potassium. It is said to contain a substance in which cancerous cells cannot multiply. It is rich in iron, chlorophyll, and vitamins A and C. Parsley increases iron content in the blood. It contains some sodium, copper, thiamine and riboflavin. It also contains some silicon, sulphur, calcium and cobalt.\nPsyllium is considered an excellent colon and intestine cleanser. It lubricates as well as heals the intestines and colon. It does not irritate the mucous membranes of the intestines but strengthens the tissues and restores tone. It is said to be very good for auto-intoxication, which can cause many diseases, by cleansing the intestines and removing the toxins.\nRose Hips helps play an important role in treatment where vitamins A, E, and C and Rutin are needed. This herb is very nourishing to the skin. It contains natural fruit sugar. A Swiss herbalist, Father Kunzle, recommends the use of Rose Hips to help expel kidney stones. It helps prevent infections and also helps when infections develop.\nRose Hips is very high in vitamin B-complex and is very rich in vitamins A, E, and Rutin. It also contains vitamin D, and P. It is high in organic iron and calcium. It has some sodium, potassium, sulphur, silica, and niacin.\nRosemary is a strong stimulant especially of the circulatory system and pelvic region. It is considered a proven heart tonic which is not a drastic drug. It is a treatment for high blood pressure. It is used externally for wounds of all kinds including bites and stings. It is excellent for all womens' ailments. It helps regulate menses, and should be thought of when there are pains from the uterus followed by hemorrhage. It is a good tonic for the reproductive organs. Rosemary tea will help relieve hysterical depression and is very good for headaches caused by nerves as it is stimulating to the nervous system. It has been considered to be one of the most powerful remedies to strengthen the nervous system. In colds or flu, Rosemary can be taken in tea when there is restlessness, nervousness, and insomnia. Rosemary, sage, and vervain in equal parts makes an antiseptic drink for fevers. It has been known for preventing premature baldness and being a stimulant for increased activity of \"hair-bulbs.\"\nIt contains vitamins A and C. It is high in calcium. It contains iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and zinc.\nSt. Johnswort is very helpful for obstructions of phelgm in the chest and lungs. It has been known in cases of bronchitis to eliminate all signs of the condition. It is excellent for internal bleeding. The seeds steeped in boiling water expel congealed blood form the stomach caused by bruises, falls, or bursting veins. It is useful in healing wounds, and excellent for dirty, septic wounds and has been used in cases of putrid leg ulcers when nothing else would heal. It helps in depression and mild pain in the stomach, intestines and gall bladder. It is effective in headaches with excitability, hysteria, neuralgia, especially such symptoms occurring at the menopause, such as brain-lag, or heavy feeling in the head, or with throbbing on the top of the head. St Johnswort is useful in swellings, neglected cuts, abscesses, boils and bad insect stings.\nSarsaparilla is a valuable herb used in glandular balance formulas. Its stimulating properties are noted for increasing the metabolic rate.\nIt contains an important male hormone known as testosterone which is an important hair-growing hormone.\nIt also contains progesterone, another valuable hormone which is normally produced by the ovaries in the female.\nIt increases circulation to rheumatic joints. It stimulates breathing ion problems of congestion.\nSarsaparilla contains vitamin B-complex, vitamins A, C and D. It also contains iron, manganese, sodium, silicon, sulphur, copper, zinc, and iodine.\nScullcap is said to be stimulating to the nerves as quinnine without harmful side-effects. It is called a food for the nerves, supporting and strengthening them as it gives immediate relief of all chronic and acute diseases stemming from nervous affections and debility.\nScullcap is said to be one of the herbs used traditionally to cure infertility. It is also said to regulate undue sexual desires. Scullcap mixed with Pennyroyal has been used successfully as a female remedy for cramps and severe pain caused by suppressed menstruation due to colds.\nScullcap is high in calcium, potassium, and magnesium. It also contains vitamins C, E, iron and zinc.\nValerian is a strong nervine and is very helpful for insomnia. It contains an essential oil and alkaloids which combine to produce calming sedative effect. It can be used as a tranquillizer but leaves one feeling refreshed rather than sluggish. It is known as a safe non-narcotic herbal sedative and has been recommended in anxiety states.\nValerian is commonly used with other herbs for nervous tension. It is also useful in pain-relieving remedies for it's relaxing properties for muscle spasms.\nValerian is usually recommended for short-term use. Prolonged or excessive use can mental depression in some people. It is usually not recommended for small children.\nValerian is rich in magnesium, potassium, copper, some lead and zinc.By Louise Tenney", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://petstation.co.uk/fish/3820710", "date": "2020-08-15T03:58:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439740679.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20200815035250-20200815065250-00539.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.878552258014679, "token_count": 163, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__195537693", "lang": "en", "text": "17 Alexandra Centre, Rail Mill Way, Parkgate, Rotherham, South Yorkshire, S62 6JE\nAre you looking to buy new fish for your home? Whether you have an aquarium for tropical fish or a garden pond for coldwater fish, we have an amazing range of species for you to add to your collection.\nYou can visit our pet shop in Rotherham for an excellent selection of tropical fish and cold water fish you can choose from - we have hundreds of species available.\nAquarium Fish - tropical or coldwater\nPond Fish - coldwater fish\nHundreds of beautiful species available\nOur staff are fish experts and can help you with any questions you may have, whether it's what species live well together, what products are most suitable or simply how to get started.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ebrains.eu/news/ebrains-researcher-ingvild-berke-receives-kings-gold-medal/", "date": "2022-11-30T04:04:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710719.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20221130024541-20221130054541-00716.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.923968493938446, "token_count": 250, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__170327823", "lang": "en", "text": "The King's Gold Medal - or Kongens Gullmedalje - is awarded to outstanding young researchers for scientific work assessed at the University of Oslo. Bjerke received the prize for her PhD thesis \"Quantifying cellular parameters across the murine brain: New practices for integrating and analyzing neuroscience data using 3D brain atlases\". The 3D atlases, tools, and workflows demonstrated in the thesis are developed through the Human Brain Project and available via the EBRAINS infrastructure.\n“It is a great honour to receive the King’s Gold Medal for my PhD thesis” says Bjerke. “I see it as a recognition that the work I have done has contributed meaningfully to the field and that standards and workflows for more open procedures are being seen as important.”\nIngvild E. Berke is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Neural Systems at the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo. Her research focuses on the use of neuroinformatics and digital atlasing to monitor normal development in the mouse brain. She is also a data curation scientist in the EBRAINS Data and Knowledge services.\nPhotos © UiO/Jarli&Jordan", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://factsconsortium.wordpress.com/", "date": "2022-08-09T02:06:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00025.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9142661690711975, "token_count": 308, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__161343120", "lang": "en", "text": "The Follow-on African Consortium for Tenofovir Studies (FACTS) is a newly-created South African research consortium established to conduct clinical studies to determine whether tenofovir gel is safe and effective at protecting women from HIV and herpes simplex virus (HSV-2). 2013\nThe FACTS Consortium will be conducting two HIV prevention studies. FACTS 001, which is underway, is a large-scale placebo-controlled study designed to test the safety and effectiveness of vaginal tenofovir gel used before and after sex to protect women against HIV infection and also against HSV-2, a virus that causes genital herpes. The study will enrol a minimum of 2,200 HIV-negative women and is aimed at confirming and expanding the groundbreaking findings of the CAPRISA 004 tenofovir gel trial. FACTS 002 is an adolescent safety study designed to test the safety and acceptability of tenofovir gel in 16 and 17-year-old South African young women.\nIf the FACTS studies confirm that tenofovir gel is effective, these combined data could contribute to the licensure of the first vaginal microbicide product and subsequently provide women with a powerful new women-controlled HIV prevention method.\n“The South African government’s support for FACTS demonstrates a new era of collaboration between researchers and government with the common vision of preventing HIV infections in women.”\n– Professor Helen Rees, Director of the Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.businessfocus.us/business/furthering-an-curiosity-in-marine-biology.html", "date": "2024-02-24T06:54:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474523.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224044749-20240224074749-00779.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9563900232315063, "token_count": 540, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__15682394", "lang": "en", "text": "In case you’ve ever checked out a video of a whale within the wild, you already know that these majestic creatures are one thing particular. Whenever you see a whale or a dolphin swimming by means of their pure atmosphere, you get the sensation that you just’re watching one thing unbelievable and exquisite. You would possibly even have puzzled if learning these wonderful creatures could be one thing that you’d take pleasure in as a profession. If that sounds acquainted to you, marine biology camps could be the proper means so that you can additional your curiosity and see if that is one thing that you just really need to pursue once you determine through which course you need to take your profession. Listed below are a number of of the advantages of such a chance:\nImmersing Your self in Their World One of many greatest components of marine biology is learning aquatic organisms in their very own habitat. As a lot of North America is landlocked, many individuals in each america and Canada develop up with their solely experiences with whales and different aquatic organisms coming both in zoos or in science class. Though each of these experiences are worthwhile components of an schooling, they merely do not examine to really seeing fish, amphibians, and aquatic mammals work together in their very own atmosphere. Animals thrive of their pure habitats, and the possibility to see them up shut is one thing particular. There’s simply nothing like watching a college of dolphins or a humpback whale within the ocean, and making observations about them and their world is a good way to study rather a lot in a brief time frame. Gaining Unforgettable Expertise Whether or not or not you select to pursue marine biology as a profession, an expertise at a camp will likely be one thing that you’ll always remember. Whenever you spend a number of days on a ship with different like-minded folks, you are certain to develop a number of friendships that can final for a few years or perhaps a lifetime. Irrespective of the place your life takes you, you’ll all the time share that have with the buddies you may make on the boat, and you will all the time keep in mind the sensation of attending to study oceanic creatures in a hands-on atmosphere, one thing only a few folks ever get the possibility to do throughout their lifetimes. Whether or not you are trying to spark your curiosity in marine biology or acquire firsthand expertise in one thing that has all the time appealed to you, attending marine biology camps is a good way to realize your objective. In case you’re searching for a really distinctive expertise, it could possibly be a good way to spend your subsequent summer time.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://indigenouspeoplesatlasofcanada.ca/article/sea-ice/", "date": "2023-12-09T14:50:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100912.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209134916-20231209164916-00493.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.957266628742218, "token_count": 1055, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__147145407", "lang": "en", "text": "Sea ice is an integral component of the Arctic and Subarctic coastal environments. It is dynamic and its extent, thickness and distribution varies between seasons and years. It also varies in type and form, which are determined by the different physical and environmental conditions that cause it to form.\nFor Inuit, sea ice is critical infrastructure and is a central part of culture, community and livelihood.\nSea ice types include newly formed ice (weakly frozen ice crystals), nilas ice (less than 10 cm thick), young ice (10-30 cm thick), first-year ice (more than 30 cm thick) and old ice (ice that survived a full season, including melt). Sea ice forms can vary from small pancake ice (less than 3 m) to much larger ice floes (more than 20 m). Sea ice is usually classified as either pack (drift) ice or fast ice. Pack ice is generally made up of floes greater than 20 metres. It is dynamic and moves with currents and winds. Fast ice is attached to the shoreline, shoals or grounded icebergs and is relatively stable. Within sea ice there are areas of open water, called leads or polynyas, which are kept open by currents, tides and winds. These areas of open water are critical to the sea ice and ocean ecosystems.\nSea ice is more than just frozen water. During formation, pockets of brine form within the ice, providing habitat for bacteria and algae. These ecological communities remain relatively dormant during the darkness of winter, but when spring arrives with more available light and warmer temperatures, the ice ecosystem becomes much more active. Bacteria populations increase and the ice algae begin to grow, especially at the bottom of the ice where there is a steady supply of important nutrients. As the ice continues to warm and begins to melt, the brine pockets within the sea ice begin to connect, forming brine channels. This results in structural changes in the ice and in an export of brine, bacteria and algae to the sea water below, providing food and nutrients to the ocean ecosystem.\nFor Inuit, sea ice is critical infrastructure and is a central part of culture, community and livelihood. Ice is an extension of the Land — its existence is imperative for Inuit to travel and access crucial areas, as well as being a platform to the ocean and its resources. Sea ice connects Inuit, allowing for travel between communities and the four Inuit regions that make up Inuit Nunangat. The ice also allows Inuit to access harvesting areas (both on land and water) at different times of the year, depending on the seasonal patterns of the species and the condition of the sea ice. Furthermore, sea ice connects Inuit to historical and culturally significant areas, including cabins, seasonal camps, traplines and harvesting areas.\nThe connection between Inuit and sea ice is inherent, healthy and strong. Inuit have extensive knowledge about the different types and forms of ice, how ice changes in relation to environmental factors and what changes happen during the different seasons of the year. This knowledge has been passed on for generations and is imperative to Inuit use and occupancy of sea ice. Relying on this knowledge allows Inuit to safely access areas of importance, to travel to other communities and to harvest food and resources as needed, even during the times of sea ice formation and breakup. In Inuktut, the importance of ice is highlighted by the dozens of different words that exist to define things such as sea ice form, type, location and age.\nThe cycle of the sea ice formation, breakup and melt greatly affects the weather patterns and climate in the North. Reduced sea ice means more open ocean, more moisture in the air and warmer temperatures. It also means that once predictable seasonal weather patterns are now shifting and becoming unpredictable. Recent changes in the northern climate have led to increasingly dangerous sea ice and snow conditions, causing hunting areas and traditional travel routes to become inaccessible. The relationship between Inuit, environment and health is connected, and any change in the environment directly impacts Inuit health, including mental health, and well-being. Furthermore, the changes to sea ice do not just affect access to crucial areas, but they also affect the ecosystem dynamics of many different species of importance for Inuit, including those animals in the air, on the land and in the water.\nInuit have implemented a variety of community-based monitoring programs to better understand the changing sea ice across the North. These programs are initiatives that provide opportunities for Inuit to measure and observe changes in sea ice and to understand these changes in the context of their communities and region. To better monitor the changes in sea ice in the North over long periods of time, Inuit are collecting baseline data on their surroundings. This ensures local residents are involved in research and monitoring, and that specific areas of concern are being addressed by the people who live there.\nSea ice conditions are rapidly changing throughout the North, and Inuit are using their knowledge, in conjunction with modern technologies, to adapt and continue to use the sea ice as they have for generations.\nfrom Amazon.ca or Chapters.Indigo.ca or contact your favourite bookseller or educational wholesaler", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://findnsave.wausaudailyherald.com/offer/1-Gal-Ready-To-Use-Outdoor-Insect-Killer-R-T/72863652/", "date": "2020-08-10T09:07:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439738653.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20200810072511-20200810102511-00158.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9096384644508362, "token_count": 125, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__25769327", "lang": "en", "text": "Sevin Insect Killer Ready to Use kills over 500 listed insects on vegetables, fruits, flowers, ornamentals, lawns and around the home perimeter. Spray thoroughly on all surfaces of plants to control nuisance pests such as ants, fleas, ticks, spiders, Japanese beetles, aphids, cabbage worms and outdoor roaches. Use throughout the growing season to kill insects with short pre-harvest intervals for edibles. Best of all, it is fast acting and protects for up to 3 months.\n* This offer may contain time-sensitive information and offers. Please check with Home Depot to confirm actual price & availability.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://coffeeforhealthcareheroes.com/retinal-degeneration-a-comprehensive-guide-to-understanding-treating-and-living-with-this-vision-condition", "date": "2024-03-01T14:36:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475311.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301125520-20240301155520-00390.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9186626076698303, "token_count": 1427, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__139529648", "lang": "en", "text": "Retinal degeneration, a condition that affects the delicate tissue at the back of the eye responsible for vision, is a cause of concern for millions of people worldwide. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of retinal degeneration, including its causes, symptoms, and diagnosis. In addition, we will explore the various treatment options available, from promising approaches to current research. Finally, we will delve into the challenges faced by individuals living with retinal degeneration, offering coping strategies, support systems, and lifestyle adjustments. Whether you are seeking information for yourself or a loved one, this article will serve as a valuable resource in navigating the complex world of retinal degeneration.\n1. \"Understanding Retinal Degeneration: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis\"\nRetinal degeneration is a chronic and progressive condition that affects the retina, the light-sensitive tissue located at the back of the eye. This condition can lead to a gradual loss of vision, impacting an individual’s daily life and overall quality of life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of retinal degeneration is crucial for early detection and effective management of the condition.\nThe causes of retinal degeneration can vary depending on the specific type of degenerative disorder. Inherited genetic mutations are often responsible for conditions like retinitis pigmentosa, Stargardt disease, and Leber congenital amaurosis. These genetic mutations affect the structure and function of the retina, leading to its progressive deterioration. Other factors such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and certain medications can also contribute to retinal degeneration.\nSymptoms of retinal degeneration can differ depending on the specific type and stage of the condition. Common signs include blurred or distorted vision, difficulty seeing in low light or at night (night blindness), reduced peripheral vision, and the presence of blind spots or dark areas in the visual field. Some individuals may also experience a gradual loss of central vision, which can significantly impact tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces.\nDiagnosing retinal degeneration typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or a retina specialist. The doctor will evaluate the patient’s medical history, conduct a visual acuity test, and perform various diagnostic procedures. These may include dilated fundus examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography, and electroretinography (ERG). These tests help assess the structure and function of the retina, determine the presence and severity of degeneration, and identify the underlying cause.\nEarly diagnosis of retinal degeneration is crucial for implementing appropriate treatment strategies and managing the condition effectively. While there is currently no known cure for most retinal degenerative disorders, several\n2. \"Exploring Treatment Options for Retinal Degeneration: Promising Approaches and Current Research\"\nRetinal degeneration, a group of disorders characterized by the progressive deterioration of the retina, is a significant cause of vision loss and blindness worldwide. While this condition currently lacks a cure, researchers and healthcare professionals are actively exploring various treatment options to slow down its progression and improve patients’ quality of life.\nOne promising approach in the treatment of retinal degeneration is gene therapy. This innovative technique aims to correct genetic mutations that contribute to the development of retinal diseases. By delivering healthy copies of the defective genes into the affected cells, gene therapy holds the potential to halt or even reverse retinal degeneration. Several clinical trials have shown promising results in restoring vision in patients with specific forms of inherited retinal degeneration, such as Leber congenital amaurosis and retinitis pigmentosa.\nAnother avenue of treatment being explored is stem cell therapy. Stem cells have the remarkable ability to differentiate into various cell types, including retinal cells. Researchers are investigating the potential of transplanting stem cells into the retina to replace damaged or lost cells, thereby restoring visual function. Although this approach is still in the experimental stage, early studies have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in animal models and some clinical trials.\nIn recent years, researchers have also been focusing on developing neuroprotective therapies for retinal degeneration. These treatments aim to protect the remaining retinal cells from further damage and degeneration. Various molecules and compounds, such as growth factors and antioxidants, are being studied for their potential to prevent cell death and promote cell survival in the retina. While neuroprotective therapies have shown promising results in preclinical studies, their effectiveness in humans is yet to be fully established.\nAdditionally, advancements in retinal prosthetics, such as retinal implants and bionic eyes, offer hope for individuals with severe retinal degeneration. These devices work by bypassing the damaged retinal cells and directly stimulating the remaining healthy cells or the optic nerve. Although these technologies are still evolving, they have already shown promising results in restoring partial\n3. \"Living with Retinal Degeneration: Coping Strategies, Support Systems, and Lifestyle Adjustments\"\nLiving with Retinal Degeneration: Coping Strategies, Support Systems, and Lifestyle Adjustments\nBeing diagnosed with retinal degeneration can be a life-altering experience. This progressive condition affects the retina, the light-sensitive tissue located at the back of the eye, leading to a gradual loss of vision. While there may be no cure for retinal degeneration at present, there are various coping strategies, support systems, and lifestyle adjustments that can help individuals adapt and maintain their quality of life.\nOne of the most important aspects of living with retinal degeneration is maintaining a positive mindset. Accepting the diagnosis and understanding its implications is crucial for emotional well-being. Seeking support from loved ones, joining support groups, and connecting with others who share similar experiences can be immensely helpful in coping with the challenges that come with retinal degeneration.\nEducating oneself about the condition is another vital step towards managing retinal degeneration effectively. Understanding the different types of retinal degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), or Stargardt disease, can provide insights into the specific symptoms, progression, and available treatments. This knowledge empowers individuals to actively participate in their care and make informed decisions.\nAdapting to changes in vision is a significant aspect of living with retinal degeneration. Visual aids and assistive technologies can greatly enhance independence and daily functioning. Devices such as magnifiers, telescopic lenses, electronic readers, and text-to-speech software can help individuals with retinal degeneration read, write, and perform various activities. Additionally, making adjustments to the home environment by installing proper lighting, using contrast-enhancing techniques, and minimizing potential hazards can improve safety and navigation.\nAnother crucial aspect of living with retinal degeneration is seeking professional assistance. Regular visits to an ophthalmologist or a low vision specialist are essential for monitoring the progression of the condition, discussing treatment options, and receiving necessary support. Depending on the", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nora-johnson.com/aging", "date": "2024-03-01T08:58:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475203.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301062009-20240301092009-00858.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9131339192390442, "token_count": 558, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__162348543", "lang": "en", "text": "WELLNESS | WOMEN | WHOLENESS\nMetabolism plays a crucial role in healthy aging. Just like a car engine generates both movement and exhaust, our bodies, in the process of creating and using energy, produce free radicals, which can lead to oxidative damage and aging of cells. Antioxidants from fruits and vegetables help combat free radicals, emphasizing the importance of a balanced diet.\nA healthy metabolism at the cellular level provides ample energy to our organ systems, but unhealthy lifestyle choices can lead to a loss of function over time. Science recommends focusing on a nutrient-rich diet, regular exercise, and quality sleep to maintain optimal health and wellness, as these aspects are interconnected and beneficial for various areas of well-being.\nThe dōTERRA® MetaPWR™ system can help you optimize your metabolism, curb cravings, shed excess weight, and have more stamina throughout your day. It can also help to slow biological aging and extend your health-span. dōTERRA® MetaPWR™ is not a single product. It’s an entire SYSTEM designed to help you optimize your metabolic health. These products combined with healthy lifestyle choices, are a powerful key for unlocking your personal wellness.\nMetaPWR™ Metabolic Assist features mulberry leaf extract which has been shown to reduce post-meal blood sugar spikes by 42% when taken with your meal. When you take MetaPWR™ Metabolic Assist before a meal, the mulberry leaf extract helps your body to metabolize what you just ate more slowly.* Of course, MetaPWR Assist is designed to be paired with a healthy, whole-food approach to eating.\nMetaPWR™ Metabolic Blend combines powerful essential oils known to promote a healthy metabolism when ingested.\ndōTERRA® MetaPWR™ Advantage provides nine types of collagen tripeptides from sustainable marine sources, infused with dōTERRA® CPTG® essential oils. We are truly emphasizing the whole-body role of collagen.\nThe key ingredients in MetaPWR™ Advantage give your cells what they need to combat cellular deterioration. The result is slower biological aging; firmer, more elastic skin; improved cognitive function; more lean muscle and connective tissue.\nWhether you want to transform your life or are just looking for a wellness tune-up, the 30-Day Metabolic Support Course can take your wellness to the next level. This course takes you through 30 days of simple, step-by-step lessons and daily challenges focused on nutrition, digestion, movement, and metabolism. The only products you’ll need to complete the challenge are the doTERRA Lifelong Vitality Pack® (LLV) and the MetaPWR Metabolic System.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://prolinnova.net/final-report-on-pilot-ethnovet-project-in-ghana-2019-23/", "date": "2024-02-22T13:45:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473819.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222125841-20240222155841-00868.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9156716465950012, "token_count": 310, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__135043133", "lang": "en", "text": "The Misereor-funded pilot project “Promoting Ethnoveterinary Medicine for Sustainable Animal Husbandry Practices in Northern Ghana” (Ethnovet Project) started in October 2019 and continued until May 2023. It sought to improve the health and productivity of livestock kept by male and female small-scale farmers through increased recognition and use of ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM) as a complementary and integral part of veterinary services in northern Ghana. It looked at both traditional practices and innovations in EVM and involved joint research by farmers and scientists.\nThe project was carried out in four districts in northern Ghana by the Prolinnova–Ghana host organisation ACDEP in partnership with the Animal Research Institute of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, the Veterinary Services Department of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture, the Central Veterinary Laboratory Pong-Tamale, the Center for Plant Medicine Research and the Animal Science Department of the University for Development Studies in Tamale. The Swiss Public and Tropical Health Institute backstopped the local project-implementation team.\nIn this 30-page end-of-project report, the Ethnovet Project coordinator Foster Awuni describes the context, the stakeholders involved, the activities carried out and outputs generated, the challenges addressed, the extent to which project objectives were achieved, and the lessons learnt for a follow-on EVM project. The report draws upon the project monitoring and evaluation system, self-evaluation by project stakeholders and an external evaluation of the project in late 2022.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://suachuamaygiat.com/landmark-success-healthy-birth-achieved-after-groundbreaking-in-utero-heart-repair/", "date": "2024-02-29T01:58:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474775.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229003536-20240229033536-00468.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9097736477851868, "token_count": 494, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__116902192", "lang": "en", "text": "Following the first-ever fetal heart intervention in Vietnam, a healthy baby boy weighing 2.9 kg was joyously delivered at Tu Du Hospital after 37 weeks of pregnancy. The cesarean section performed by BS.CK2 Tran Ngoc Hai, Director of Tu Du Hospital, revealed that the baby cried loudly and did not require respiratory support, exceeding initial expectations.\nOn January 30, the neonatal resuscitation teams of Tu Du Hospital and Children’s Hospital 1 collaborated to assess the baby’s health immediately after birth. Despite expectations of potential respiratory support, the baby cried robustly, demonstrating good health. An ultrasound performed in the operating room confirmed adequate blood flow through the previously narrowed area of the baby’s heart.\nDr. Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong, Deputy Director of Children’s Hospital 1, expressed motivation to continue fetal interventions upon witnessing the emotional moment of the pregnant woman holding her healthy baby during skin-to-skin contact.\nThe baby will undergo evaluations and heart condition assessments at Children’s Hospital 1, with a congenital heart disease treatment plan to follow.\nThis landmark achievement marks one of the first two fetal heart interventions in Vietnam, conducted collaboratively by medical professionals from Children’s Hospital 1 and Tu Du Hospital. The second pregnant woman, more than 31 weeks pregnant, has shown positive development in the fetus and cardiovascular condition without worsening. She has been discharged for regular follow-up examinations.\nWhile fetal intervention presents impressive results, it involves potential risks during and after surgery, such as hemopericardium, slow heart rate leading to cardiac arrest, premature labor, and premature rupture of membranes. Nevertheless, the technique prevents the serious progression of heart issues, leveraging the fetus’s self-repairing stem cells to increase the likelihood of a healthy birth.\nTang Chi Thuong, Director of the Department of Health in Ho Chi Minh City, commended the technique of fetal cardiac catheterization as a daring endeavor, acknowledging the need for precise expertise and coordination between hospitals. This groundbreaking technique has been nominated for the 2023 Vietnam Medical Achievement Award.\nMinister of Health Dao Hong Lan expressed delight in a letter to the medical staff of the two hospitals, emphasizing the complexity and high expertise required for such interventions. She hopes that the success of these interventions will position Vietnam as a reliable destination for fetal congenital heart interventions on the global medical map.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://rarelynx.com/history/iberian-lynx/", "date": "2022-05-23T19:42:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662561747.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220523194013-20220523224013-00749.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9257822632789612, "token_count": 315, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__157717943", "lang": "en", "text": "The Rare Iberian Lynx\nThe exquisite rare Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is the most endangered wild cat species on earth. This critically endangered species once roamed freely among the olive groves and the cork oak forests of Portugal and Spain. If the lynx goes extinct it will be the first feline since the saber tooth tiger to suffer that fate! The latest report is that there are now 309 living in the wild up from 94 reported in 2002. Breeding and conservation efforts are being implemented in Portugal and Spain to revive the Iberian Lynx. Why invest in saving a dying species? For us it is about remembering our own wild nature, and the delicate balance of life. The word lynx comes from the Greek “to shine” due perhaps to their beautiful shining golden eyes. As our unique products are rare, we have chosen this beautiful creature as our emblem.\nArtwork by Roberto Ribeira for Rare Lynx\nThe Lynx Society: Founders of Modern Natural Science\nRare Lynx also pays tribute to the 17th century Academy of Linceans (Lynx-eyed), considered the first founders of modern natural history, Galileo being their most famous member. The Linceans, inspired by the keen eye, stealth, and mysterious nature of the lynx, were devoted to recording their intensive observations of the inner and outer nature of plants, animals and minerals, of the New and Old World, utilizing Galileo’s new instrument, the microscope, through gloriously detailed meticulous drawings.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://alshmal.ephpbb.com/t108-topic", "date": "2017-04-26T17:43:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121528.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00603-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9264127612113953, "token_count": 9238, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__155647075", "lang": "en", "text": "عدد المساهمات : 123\nتاريخ التسجيل : 23/04/2010\nالموقع : http://www.tnb.66ghz.com/vb\n|موضوع: البحث نجليزي عن إنفلونزا الطيور (plue الطيور) ، (طاعون الطيور =Search for Avian influenza (bird plue),(The plague of birds) الأربعاء أكتوبر 20, 2010 4:24 am|| |\nAvian influenza (bird plue),(The plague of birds)\nInfluenza viruses belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae under the rank of the rank of Mononegavirales Myxoviruses\nFamily Orthomyxoviridae contains four genera, including three races of the influenza virus are:\n1 - A influenza virus that affects birds and is transmitted to pigs, horses and some other species of animals and some types of rodents also affect some Aatarath rights and move the injured to the proper (H1N1, H3N2, H2N2)\n2 - B, and influenza virus in humans only and does not cause medical problems only in school-aged children (5-14 years old) and older and causes respiratory symptoms only.\n3 - C influenza virus strains and a weaker humans, pigs, and the symptoms go unnoticed (minor symptoms can not differentiate between them and the symptoms of colds, minor) so little Concern study as well as information available to them.\nDescription of the virus\nCharacterized influenza virus multi-forms and change (highlypieomorphic) is either a spherical or oval with a diameter of 80-120 nm, while other forms of it up to (200 nm) or filamentous long length of up to (2000 nm) and a diameter of up to (80-120 nm), and the different strains of the virus in their tendency to form linear forms.\nA - outer shell of the virus envelope is composed of fatty highlights from the image protrusions (spines) of the Alglicobrotin of two types:\n1 - (HA) haemagglutinin and length of 135 A.\n2 - (NA) neuraminidase and length of 60 A.\nB - inner surface of the envelope protein of the virus.\nSearch the thread (piece) of Alraibusom (RNA) carries a single protein code\nC - cut the genome and the eight pieces or a string of RNA that carry the genetic code of the virus are in the heart of the virus.* Each thread (piece) of the fees (RNA) carrying code one protein.\n* The three major segments (p1, p2, p3) is the internal proteins of the virus and specializes in the process of polymerization (ie converting a string to RNA negative mRNA) in a cell of the family.\n* Alraibusom cut three medium-sized, two of them from Itrakban Alglicobrotin carrying the blades HA & NA, second and third bearing code Alnyukliobrotin NP is part of the Alnyukliukabsid.\n* Object-seventh, the smallest pieces bear the code M protein, one of the major components of the virus for the cover (envelope)\n* Depending on the type Alnyukliobrotin NP and M protein has been divided into three influenza virus types are A, B, C\n* Depending on the type of both Alonteginan HA & NA (Alonteginan two major components in the cover of the virus) strain of the virus was determined by their partition numbers (N2 ... H1, H2 .... & NA).\n* HA antigen contains about 25% of the protein the virus is a virus-cell adhesion and penetration of host cell membrane and then its entry of the virus within the cell.\n* H antigen is divided to 16 under the type (16 subtypes) is (H1, H2, ... H16).\n* N is divided into antigenic type to a 9-under (9 subtypes) is (N1, N2, ... N9)\n* Antibodies produced by the host against the virus antigen H can be equally efficient with the virus, which contains in its cover if attacked host, therefore, of great importance in the production of influenza vaccines.\n* Antibodies produced by the host against the virus N antigen have little effect in slowing or preventing the release of the virus from the host cell (you need very high concentrations of antibodies)\n* Spanish influenza H1N1 and H2N2 Asian flu and Hong Kong H3N3.\nMutation of the virus:\nCharacterized influenza virus ability of big mutation (mutation) in short periods of time and its ability to configure the strains of a new, allowing him to cause infection in the same assembly infected Balaatarp earlier without objection from the immune system and lead to the emergence of strains of a new can finish easily the families were not infected by the mutation and this is what scientists are currently running in fear of the mutated strain of H5N1 to the current striking new strain that could pass easily between humans, triggering a global pandemic such as pandemics that occurred during the last century and killed millions of people.\nMutation of two types:\nThe first is called - (Antigenic drift)\nA mutation of slow onset is through accumulation of point mutations in the gene result in a change of amino acids in a protein the virus, which leads to a change order or complete rupture of Alraibusom and result in a change in the antigen (H1 changed to H2 or N1 to N2 (and thus the virus can escape from the immune system and destroy the host again with the same strain and often mutation occurs in one of the only Alontejinin (H only or N only) and rarely occurs in both.\nThe second is called (antigenic shift)\nA mutation to occur and is fast changing the order of amino acid sequence of the virus also occurs in cells infected with two types of influenza has been observed that the virus occurs in one out of every 10 thousand HIV\nMultiplication of the virus:\nFacilitate the thorns that contain HA virus to enter the host cell (human - animal - birds Baltsagaha set Almiukubrutin Terminal (NANA = sialic acid ((N-acetyl neuraminic) in the host cell and then link to ingest into the host cell by a currency called endocytosis until it reaches the end Andusumaat to the host cell\nTo enter the host cell must be divided into two HA protein by enzymes called proteases Onziman Proteolysis is naturally present in secretions of the cells lining the false and the trachea and lungs and there is no secretion from the cells in any other part of the body and this explains that influenza respiratory disease only\nBut he found too severe strains used another enzyme called (plasmine) to enter the cell, which resides in the secretion of the cells in all tissues of the body as in the case of highly pathogenic strain of H5N1 and other strains of fierce\n* Virus strains were classified in terms of intensity, in three groups according to WHO & OIE organizations are:\n1. Strain of highly pathogenic HPAI: It is caused by death of a number from 16 to 8 chicks aged 4-8 weeks after intravenous injection solution extract of the virus concentration 1 / 10 over a period of 10 days has been found to contain one of the Alantegnin H5 or H7, and some isolates that contain the H10 antigen, including H10N5 & H10N4.\nNote: This strain is included in the list A of the Office International des Epizooties in Paris, which prohibits the importation of birds from countries Alambup them.\n2 - strain of medium virulence MPAI: the MOST widespread and caused death of a number 1-5 chicks of the total 8 chicks aged 4-8 weeks after intravenous injection solution extract of the virus concentration 1 / 10 over a period of 10 days, provided it does not contain any of the Alantejinin H5 or H7, and some of these strains used in the work of the influenza vaccine\n2 - low pathogenic strains LPAI: They do not cause the appearance of symptoms can be observed.\nInfluenza A (avian influenza) in humans\n* Scientists because the first record of infection of human influenza illness in general to the year 155 AD, the date of the first pandemic in 1580 to spread from one continent where Europe to Asia and Africa (Cunha 2004)\n* Join the second infection of human influenza illness in general was in the 18 century, where epidemics have occurred years (1729 to 1730 - 1732-1733.1781 - 1782)\n* Join third human bird flu infection in general was in the 19 century, where epidemics have occurred three years (1830 to 1831.1833 - 1834.1889-1890 \"Russian Flu)\n* So far do not know exactly when she moved strains of influenza A virus from birds to humans for the first time.\n* Scientists confirm now that the years 1918-1919 influenza pandemic that struck more than 200 million people and killed more than 50-100 million people (Barry 2004) has moved from birds to humans (scientists expect if a pandemic occurs from the current H5N1 strain the incidence and mortality ranging from 175 to 350 million people) (ASTHO 2004).\n* Epidemic appears sharply in the fast-spreading human populations (nurseries, schools, universities, hospitals, exhibitions, etc. ...) where the disease occurs during the short period of time of 1-3 weeks and continue to appear for 3-4 weeks where the disease is usually 20-50 % of the risk of infection.\n* Symptoms of infection are more severe and faster prevalent among children (aged 5-14 years) and elderly (over 60-65 years), patients waistcoat or chronic diseases.\n* Emerged influenza infection is endemic during the last century in three large epidemics, namely:\n1. Spanish influenza H1N1 between 1918 and 1919 that affected more than 200 million people and killed more than 50-100 million people (Barry 2004) in all parts of the world.\n2. Asian H2N2 influenza between 1957 and 1958 (that killed nearly a million people).\n3. Hong Kong H3N2 avian influenza between 1968 and 1969 (that killed nearly a million people).\n• In 1997, he was the cause of infection in humans in Hong Kong is the transmission of influenza strain (H5N1) from birds to humans, causing injury and death of 6 members from among the 18 people injured in this strain.\n• In 1999, the infection in humans because of strain (H9N2) in Hong Kong.\n• In March 2003 the infection in humans because of strain (H7N7) in the Netherlands and caused the death of a veterinarian after a visit to a poultry farm infected with bird flu.\n* Since December 2003 I moved strain of avian influenza (H5N1) to humans in Southeast Asia and killed at least 92 people in Vietnam, Thailand and some other countries, continues to be prevalent in many countries (Thailand - Cambodia - Vietnam - Indonesia - China - Korea - Japan - Malaysia - Iraq - France - Germany - Italy - Iran - Belgium - Cyprus - India - Slovenia - Hungary) n The latest of these countries are (Kazakhstan - Turkey - Greece - Hungary - Croatia - Egypt) so far and are less severe.\n• In 2005 the disease has spread in the countries of North Asia and some European countries, including (Russia - Azerbaijan - Turkey - Romania - Greece - United Kingdom)\n* States have become African and European continents susceptible to transmission of avian influenza to it through migratory birds.\nMethods of infection in humans:\n1. Mixing with sick birds.\n2. Eating contaminated food and water Bzark and secretions of infected birds.\n3. Inhalation of polluted air Bzark and secretions of infected birds\nSymptoms of influenza in humans:\n1. Continuous fever.\n3. Rhinitis and the descent of the nasal secretions and sneeze\n4. Dry cough and inflammation of the Az-Zour\n5. Pain in the chest muscles and severe fatigue\n6. Shortness of breath\n7. Severe pneumonia\n8. Gastrointestinal symptoms often appear in children only\nImage severe infection occurs in persons in contact with the infected birds and sponsors and circulation of the massacres and contacts or at Zarkha secretions and faeces, and the symptoms continue for several days\nMethods of prevention and the prevention of transmission of infection:\n1. Good for washing hands with soap and water at intervals, preferably the use of disinfectants in the laundry.\n2. Wear protective clothing before exposure to birds or their secretions and Zarkha\n3. The use of antiseptic mouth rinses and throat\n4. Vitamin C\n5. Immunization and the use of antivirals such as amantadine (Amantadine) and rimantadine (Rimantadine) and Rilaniza (Relanza) and Tamiflu (Tamiflue)\n1. Comfort in bed.\n2. Drink plenty of fluids\n3. Eating painkillers such as paracetamol Shirring\n4. Address, such as aspirin, antipyrine\n5. And the use of antivirals such as amantadine (Amantadine) and rimantadine (Rimantadine) and Rilaniza (Relanza) and Tamiflu (Tamiflue)\n6. Inhalation drug (Zanamivir) leads to the short duration of symptoms and reduce the severity.\nInfluenza A in swine\n* Discovered the injury for the first time in pigs in 1918 was not to isolate and diagnose strain (H1N1) that caused the emergence of this infection only in 1930 in the United States of America.\n* Serological studies confirmed that was in 1988 and 1989 that this strain (H1N1) is still prevalent in pigs in northern and central United States of America (up to 51%)\n* Tested positive for viral isolation and serological presence of the same strain in pigs in many countries of the world, including (France - Japan - England - Bulgaria - Egypt - Thailand - Cambodia).\n* Also proved her Baatarp Hong Kong (H3N2) and can be transmitted to the contacts.\n• In 1992 was isolated bird flu strain H1N7 from pigs in England, and strain study found that 6 pieces of Alraibusom (RNA) are quite similar to those of human influenza HA antigen, while the Apostle and Alraibusom MRNA was very similar to those of equine influenza.\n* Pigs play an important role in the dissemination of influenza viruses because it is the only animal that can be infected with human influenza virus Baatarti and chicken (Kito et al 1994 & Ito et al 1996)\n* Focus the seriousness of swine flu in the likeness of the immune system with its counterpart in humans, which gives the virus an opportunity to adapt it, which facilitates the spread of the epidemic from pigs to humans.\n* Scientists fear the current transmission of the current strain of H5N1 to wild pigs and mixed with other Balaatarat Pigs play a role because the mixing bowl of different strains and then show the existence of new highly pathogenic strain transmitted from pigs to humans easily.\n1. China confirmed 23/08/2004 isolate this strain from a pig in 2002 from samples collected from pigs in 2001 from Fujian Province in southwestern China.\n2. In 2003 were collected 1936 from the number of pigs from the same province and 13 other provinces have been isolated strain of a sample of one of the samples taken from pigs from the same province.\n3. In 2004 were collected 1.1 million sample 4447 sample of pigs from 10 states, including the province of Fujian has not isolate this strain from pigs.\n4. This was confirmed by Chinese scientists that the strain isolated from swine very similar to the H5N1 strain that has been isolated from ducks in China recently and there is no difference between them.\nInfluenza A in horses\n* Been described in horses infected bird flu in the scientific literature since the 17 century, corresponding to its counterparts in humans have not been isolated equine influenza virus only in the 1956.\n* Spread of infection in many countries of the world and is of interest to horse breeders, particularly race horses.\n* Was isolated influenza virus for the first time the horses in Czechoslovakia in 1956 strain H7N7, known as Equi1 was isolated after in 1956 of horses in many European countries and America, and in 1963 was isolated strain H3N8, known as Equi2 horses in Miami, United States of America followed by isolation of horses in many European countries and North America.\n* Appeared mutated strain of the H3N8 strain was isolated from horses in Suffolk, England in 1989 and spread to Asia, where it caused injury to about 80%, and the deaths of nearly 20% of horses in northern China and found that antigens of this strain (A/eq/Jilin/89) as of the strain circulating in ducks on the strain circulating in horses.\nImmunization Balaatartin H7N7 & H3N8 together (not every 3 months in all foals 6 months in horses vaccinated mothers publican additional dose before birth to 4-6 weeks) and proper health care, this is vaccination of horses periodically starting in 1981.\nInfluenza A in the other animals\nRodents play a role in transmission, especially the wedding, and that the discovery of transition strain of H5N1 to domestic cats (the number of 3 cats in the house of Our Lady of THB) and the death of these cats as a result of HIV infection and fauna of the Leopard, one of the largest species of cats are Asian does not exist only in forests in southern East Asia, China and India.\nInfluenza A in birds\n* Birds are infected with all known strains of influenza A have been isolated six species of ten antigen H and nine N types of antigen of influenza\n* More sources to isolate strains of virus are migratory waterfowl and wild particularly ducks, followed by ornamental birds, particularly parrots and birds (especially those coming from Southeast Asia, India and Central and South America) and pet birds in the regions of Hong Kong, China (was isolated over 46 strains of different virus Most of the ducks)\n* Less sources of virus isolation was one of the domestic birds (chickens, ducks and turkeys).\nIbedemiologip disease and ways to spread\nThe birds are the natural stores of the virus for many reasons, including:\n1. Wild birds and water birds, beaches and migratory birds (especially ducks) is characterized by its susceptibility to infection by more than strain of the virus at the same time there is no evidence of serological for antibodies that could be identified and the diagnosis of influenza viruses, and so can be detected infection tests are performed isolation of viral to isolate the virus from these birds test or rt-PCR (a test not available and difficult procedure and you need to material costs and high-tech).\n2. These birds excrete the virus in glaucoma, secretions other for a long time (been isolated the virus from the waters of Lake Inn by wild ducks), which can transfer the virus over large distances (from one continent to another) and that the combination of these birds backyard birds that are raised in backyard plays a major role in the dissemination of infection in other domestic birds.\n3. Open markets, where they accumulate live birds from places, farms and multiple different types of display, sale and remain for long periods - these roses related birds are of flu, especially after exposure to enormous stress during transport and handling make it a favorable opportunity for the virus to attack these birds and bird reproduction and growth within the cells and eventually mutate into strains different also gives him the opportunity to return to the farms through the return of these birds from the market, as well as through the means of transport (cars - cages - utensils and tools) as well as rights.\n4. Of the distinguishing characteristics of this virus that is excreted in respiratory secretions and Blue (characterized by the virus in its ability to multiply in the digestive tract of birds, one of the characteristics of bird flu is not found the property in human influenza or other animals and excreted in high concentrations in blue) and cold regions of the globe (where he remains capable of causing infection in glaucoma for up to 30 days at a temperature of 4 ˚ m for a period of two days at a temperature of 20 ˚ m) this is the emergence of the disease seasonal in some cases.\n5. Virus is transmitted from one farm to another, direct contact and indirect and through the movement of birds and Entries by dust and clothing and all the tools used in the farms and means of transport.\n6. The virus has been isolated from sperm and eggs in the turkey, but there is no scientific evidence confirms move vertically through the egg.\nRoutes of infection in birds:\n1. Contact with infected birds\n2. Eating contaminated food and water Bzark and secretions of infected birds\n3. Inhalation of polluted air Bzark and secretions of infected birds\nStop the emergence and severity of symptoms of influenza virus on many factors, including:\n1. Type strain of the virus (fierce - medium intensity - low intensity)\n2. The type of birds infected\n3. Health status and immunity of the herd\n4. Breeding systems\n5. Environmental conditions surrounding the herd\n6. The presence of secondary infection\n7. Age of the infected herd\n(Is the period between the entry of the virus and onset of the first presentation of the injury), ranging from 3-7 days and less in the event of injury Balaatarp fierce\nThe symptoms of bird flu virus in several photographs, including:\nEvidenced by the presence of the disease through:\n1. The presence of antibodies periodic serological tests\n2. A slight decrease in feed intake and loss of appetite, slight\n3. Minor respiratory symptoms (discharge water from the nose - cough - the speed of breathing)\n4. Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea)\n1. Sudden death without any symptoms of pre-\n2. High body temperature\n3. Loss of mobility and inability to stand\n4. Loss of appetite and severe shortage of feed consumption\n5. A sharp drop in egg production and egg production flabby crust or without crust or distorted\n6. Edema (water swelling) in the head and eyelids, custom Aldalitin and around the claws.\n7. Congestion and the blue color custom Aldalitin and legs, and body parts free of feathers\n8. Nasal secretions of water and mucus, cough and difficulty in breathing, sinusitis and rattle sound\n9. Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea)\n10. Neurological symptoms (idle - the inability to walk or stand - ruffled feathers and roughness)\n11. Symptoms in ducks and turkeys are similar to those of the poultry, but less evident than unity in the chicken\n* Percentages of injury to 100% within 2-10 days of onset of symptoms.\n* Percentages of deaths to 100% in case of injury Balaatarp too severe HPAI during 2-10 days.\n1. Congestion conjunctivitis eye is accompanied in some cases the presence of patches Tnkerzip them.\n2. Edema under the skin zones for head and neck\n3. Accumulation of large amounts of tracheal mucus may be present Onzvp similar to those in disease inflammation of the larynx, trachea, gastric\n4. Onzvp muscle\n5. Splanchnic congestion in\n6. Hemorrhagic spots the size of a pinhead on the outer surface of the sternum\n7. Hemorrhagic spots on the abdominal fat (appears as if it had been sprayed with red dye)\n8. Onzvp on the mucous membrane lining of the stomach, especially when they relate to Proventriculus Balqansp (similar to the patches of haemorrhagic disease, Newcastle disease and other diseases).\n9. Renal congestion and the filling of the ureter and kidney channels urinary uric acid salts sometimes\n10. Peritoneal cavity filled Besvar white eggs result of the explosion, resulting in an acute inflammation of air bags and acute peritonitis (in birds, which remain alive for 7-10 days of the start of infection)\n11. Ovarian atrophy and there may be some haemorrhagic spots and stains on the surface Altnkerzip\n12. Anatomical lesions in ducks and turkeys, and less evident than in poultry\n13. Anatomical lesions of the flu can not be easily distinguishable from its counterpart in the Newcastle disease, which gives the opportunity for influenza virus to spread before reaching the exact diagnosis of the disease.\nField diagnosis (suspected):\nIs based on:\n1. Medical history in terms of a disease in an area close or the presence of migratory birds or wild ducks near the farm or the presence of a lake ... Etc..\n2. Symptoms of the phenomenon on the herd and in particular sudden death and the sharp drop in egg production ... Etc\n3. Anatomical lesions\nIs to isolate the virus strain causing the disease and determine the severity of ferocity.\nSamples must be sent to the lab are:\n1. Swabs of the trachea and anal swabs\n2. Internal organs (trachea - lungs - the spleen - the compound - the brain)\n3. Blood samples for testing Sero to indicate the presence of antibodies in the serum of the disease.\nAnd taking into account that the samples are collected from a large number of birds that show symptoms and birds mixing with them and sent to the lab saved on ice.\nIntended to distinguish between avian flu and similar diseases, such as:\n1. Intestinal fierce strain of Newcastle disease VVND\n2. The acute phase of disease, fowl cholera\n3. Some respiratory diseases such as acute in the image LT & E Coli\nInfluenza viruses were isolated from the Ratites for the first time in 1991\n* Strains were isolated from the ostrich, Alaembo and other bird species which do not fly (H3N2, H4N2, H4N6, H5N2, H5N9, H7N1, H7N2, H9N2, H10N7)\nSearch the strains of influenza virus that was isolated from birds (which do not fly, such as ostriches) strains of medium intensity MPAI\n* Infection in the birds do not fly the symptoms do not occur Nfoqa simple but her role in the transfer of infection to poultry and other birds\n* South Africa announced that the bird flu hit the wild ostriches for the first time in the month of August 2004 and it caused the death or culling of more than 13,000 ostrich in 5 of the largest ostrich farms in the world during that month were identified as H5 strain\n* The virus has been isolated from many types of wild birds in addition to the foregoing, including some types of hawks and other birds of prey\nMethods of prevention and elimination of the disease:\nFor the prevention of infection with avian influenza should know that:\n1. The virus is sensitive to most detergents and disinfectants traded markets\n2. The virus is sensitive to temperature and drought\n3. Virus requires the presence of organic materials damp (was removed alive from the wet blue, 105 days)\n1. Hygienic disposal of infected poultry and Entries by burning or deep burial in a pit of quicklime and covers a layer of quicklime in the hole before backfilling\n2. Raise the temperature of amber over in 1930 for several days, then wash and cleanse well is not used for breeding again until after 3 months of the end of the disease\nFor the prevention of the disease are the following procedures:\nFirst, prevention Bio:\n1. On the farm:\nTo prevent the entry of the virus to the farm taking into account the following:\n* Continue to farm closed on what is in it from home and abroad (Farm closed less vulnerable to the disease has recently been in some European countries to prevent breeding birds outside the barns closed - in courtyards or open spaces - not to be subject to mixing with wild birds or migratory directly or pollution caused by these birds to water or food)\n* Farm workers to wear special clothing, blankets and Bao inside\nPrevent visitors from approaching or entering the farm scale\n• Prevent the entry of personnel management and supervisors of any other farms\n* Change of clothes and clean the various parts of the body after the care of herds and before leaving the farm\n* Visitors who can not be denied entry, such as the owner and the truck drivers transport of fodder and fuel ... Etc. must before entering the farm to wear protective clothing and headgear Pot and a good cleansing\n* Cars and other means of transportation must be disinfected before entering the farm and when you exit\n* Pots and tools used in the farm tools and transport must be kept clean and are disinfected before use and after\n* Hygienic disposal of sick and dead birds\n* Individuals who are dealing with wild birds and pet birds should be prevented from entering within the scope of the farm prior to change clothes and wash and clean thoroughly before entering into the scope of the farm\nMust set warning signs to prevent entry of vehicles in the scope of the farm\n2. Procedures for the sale and circulation of influenza:\n* The use of plastic cages for easy laundered and disinfected\nMaintaining the cleanliness of the scales and floor sales area of pollution glaucoma and feathers and other residues and cleaned and disinfected after the end of the sale\n* Cleaning and disinfection of all pots and cages and transport of poultry prior to entering into the scope of the farm again\nPrevent re-birds came out of the sale have not been sold to the farm again\nSurveillance and control of the disease:\n1. Serological examination routine periodic monitoring the presence of antibodies in the blood and eggs on farms which may be suspected by the presence of infection (early detection of disease - a preventive measure)\n2. The total isolation of herds infected until they are disposed of health, including necessary action to prevent the spread of infection (the responsibility of a breeder in the first place the need for rapid reporting of infection satisfactory ranch so that the Veterinary speed to take the necessary measures to control the disease and prevent spread of the farms nearby, close to the farm affected)\n3. Re-examine the education status quo and not a new education in the same ward only after completely sure of the absence of any viral activity of the farm and surrounding areas.\n4. Follow-up to wild birds and migratory birds and testing Serological routine to monitor the presence of antibodies.\nAlthough he faces many objections, including:\n1. Immunization does not prevent infection Balaatarat other strains of the virus or high pathogenic HPAI\n2. Medium-intensity field strains MPAI hit if the herd could grow unnoticed Serological tests may even mutate into new strains of highly pathogenic HPAI\n3. Immunization does not prevent the secretion of the virus in respiratory secretions or blue of the bird\n4. Immunization can not be of the early detection Balaatarat field where you can not distinguish between antibodies resulting from immunization and antibodies resulting from infection Balaatarp field Serological tests\n5. Vaccinated herds may contribute to the dissemination of infection among non-vaccinated herds (vulnerability to HIV infection less in vaccinated herds and symptoms is less clear, especially in the event of injury Balaatarp field medium intensity MPAI\nHowever, the immunization Balaatarat isolated from herds infected or carriers of many advantages, including:\n1. Prevents or greatly reduces the secretion of the virus (immunized chickens stopped Alljhorn College secretion of the virus in turkeys in the secretion rate was less fortified by 99-99.99% of the excretion in the turkey was not married and in laboratory experiments)\n2. Field results of immunization indicated that will help many control programs and control the disease and prevent its spread\n3. Reduces or prevents the emergence of symptoms of infection\n4. Reduces or prevents decline in egg production\n5. Leads to a reduction of material loss to the poultry industry\nImmunization is currently used in some States in herds exposed to infection (farms surrounding the infected farm, which lies outside the circle to which the infected farm status and 3 km radius and within the circle radius of 10 km around the infected farm).\nBeen vaccinated turkey flocks in the United States of America Balaatarp H1N1, especially in states that spread by pig-raising.\nThe preparation of vaccines suppressive immunization Alaatartin H7, H5 of strains highly pathogenic HPAI experiments are currently under study could be used in vaccination in endemic areas such as East Asia (China announced recently that it has succeeded in producing a vaccine strain of H5N1 and the use of already in the vaccination of poultry by) where it has become necessary to control the current epidemic of influenza.\n1. Closed farms are less prone to infection than open fields and easier to take action to prevent common diseases.\n2. Vital prevention measures should be carried out strictly in all types of poultry activity.\n3. Serological examination of routine action is necessary to monitor any possible epidemics and officials from the speed to take appropriate measures to control the epidemic and control it and prevent its spread if it occurs.\n4. In the case of epidemics in any country can be borne wild birds and migratory birds should follow up on these birds and testing Serological her routine to monitor the presence of antibodies to those diseases.\n5. Immunization Balaatarat isolated from field cases necessary action on the farms surrounding the affected farm, which lies outside the region that are taking action to get rid of herds infected with highly pathogenic HPAI Balaatarat In all farms around the infected farm field Balaatarat medium intensity MPAI\nOrganizations recommended that the three global WHO, OIE & FAO these precautions in affected countries:\n1. Testing on humans should be exposed to include the duck, as it is with the risk of infected poultry and dead.\n2. Rights should take precautions as in the case of exposure to poultry infected with the apparently healthy ducks.\n3. Education should not be allowed home for the ducks.\n4. Sources of drinking man should be the water is not frequented by ducks and stored in a manner to prevent access to the ducks.\n5. Equipped with well-cooked duck meat and duck eggs do not represent a risk to human\n6. Exposure to the most dangerous to humans is during the home slaughtering and processing before cooking.\nThe organizations also pointed to the role played by ducks in the transmission cycle of H5N1 strain and that there is a great need to do research on the phenomenon of non-infection in ducks.\n* Should be the FAO, OIE to develop long-term strategy to control the current strain\n* Must be fundamental changes in poultry farming systems, particularly in rural areas\n* The continuing investigation in animals is the key to control the infection and prevention of this investigation should be strengthened and intensified.\nShould know that:\n1. Trading a healthy poultry prevents or reduces the chance of transmission of influenza between the farmer and also for the human being and that of handling and eating poultry meat and eggs cooked does not transmit the disease.\n2. The virus of avian influenza viruses and most can be eliminated easily by\n* Washing hands with soap and water\n* The use of disinfectants available homes and farms\n* Use of materials such as acid anhydride used in homes for the work of the authorities and other destroys the virus\n* The spraying a dilute solution of iodine 1 cm / L in the wards and around enough to eradicate the virus by imposing presence in the air.\nWhy is the bird flu risk to public health?\nDisease is at present a specific threat geographically linked to direct contact with birds, but the property of these viruses in the formation of false patterns. Through mutation and the possibility of pigs and humans play the role of the mixing bowl and make a dent emergence of new patterns more dangerous than SARS.\nWith respect to the position of Arab Republic of Egypt from the disease, it has been taken the following actions:\nIssuance of ministerial decisions in this regard:\n1. Ministerial Decree No. 1536 of the year 2004 the position of import of poultry and poultry products from Asia and countries affected by bird flu\n2. Ministerial Decree No. 1327 for the year in 2005 to stop the importation of fodder origin poultry\n3. Ministerial Decree No. 1326 of the year in 2005 stopping the importation of chicks and poultry from all countries of the world for 3 months and re-innovation in accordance with the position of the global epidemic\n4. Ministerial Decree No. 1389 for the year in 2005 to prevent the import of birds and feathers Poultry waste used in the manufacture of fodder concentrates\n5. Ministerial Decree No. 168 of 2005 permits the prohibition of hunting and a ban on hunting of birds and migratory Albraio of the Year 2005/2006\n6. Decision of the Prime Minister to prevent hunting of migratory birds.\nHold training courses for veterinarians directorates for training on monitoring and surveillance and the role of migratory birds in the transmission of the disease and immediate actions to be taken in case of suspicion of the disease.\nPreparation of a scientific bulletin on avian influenza for doctors and other simple bulletin on the disease to poultry farmers\nJoint meetings with the responsible authorities such as the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Environment to determine the responsibilities and coordination between these actors.\nAgreement with both:\n* Food and Agriculture Organization for the accession of Egypt to the early warning countries of the Near East\n* American project for the infrastructure to support Egypt's efforts in monitoring procedures, surveillance, prevention and control.\nConvene a meeting of directors of directorates in the governorates of Veterinary Medicine to inform them of the current situation of the disease and the measures taken by the authority and role of the Directorate of Veterinary Medicine in the implementation of these procedures.\nLimited to poultry farms and Arab Republic of Egypt is divided into:\n* High-risk areas (15 counties)\n* Medium-risk areas (8 provinces)\n* Low-risk areas (4 provinces)\nAccording to the population density of migratory birds to those provinces and to establish priorities for surveillance and control\nDevelop and implement a plan of survey Field and laboratory, with the formation of committees to collect samples from migratory birds in the governorates of coastal as well as poultry farms and note any symptoms may appear by The Commissions started their work as of 23/10/2005 and the results of examination of samples that have been withdrawn according to the non-existence of the disease in Egypt until the date of 02/17/2006.\nA meeting between the Commission and representatives of the General Federation of Producers of poultry and poultry disease specialist teachers colleges of veterinary medicine and research institutes and the Institute for vaccine production where it was agreed the following recommendations:\n1. Prevention of breeding birds on the roofs of houses, homes, barns and open around the homes of peasants, chickens and ducks roaming on the canals.\n2. Hygienic disposal of the dead in a scientific manner by the concerned authorities through deep burial\n3. Legislation (Ministerial Decree) to collect the amount of twenty pounds for each ton of maize or soybeans to be imported and placed in a special fund costs of the security program and biosecurity of poultry farms.\n4. Legislation (Ministerial Decree) to compensate the affected farms and veterinary authorities have taken the decision to execute the poultry in the event of an outbreak of bird flu.\n5. Legislation (Ministerial Decree) to prevent the transfer of live poultry between provinces and limited trading in poultry slaughtered only\n6. The speed of the potential for a Research Institute of vaccine production to produce a vaccine against avian flu.\nA. Was formed several specialized committees of the General Authority for Veterinary Services Authority poultry specialists, institutes and universities to determine the actions to be taken to prevent the disease from entering the country as well as actions required in the case of entry and recommended the following:\nDetermine how the reporting of the disease? And actions taken in case of suspicion of injury and reported to the departments of veterinary medicine in the governorates, as the alarm on the veterinary departments of all provinces need to quickly inform the General Authority for Veterinary Services in the case of suspicion of the presence of bird flu (sudden death more than 30% of the herd during the period of time 3 days + virtual symptoms of the disease + anatomical lesions which refers to the suspected presence of disease) in order to be able to take all measures necessary for the diagnosis and control and prevention in the case of God forbid occur (reported to district)\nB. Formed a scientific committee of specialists poultry Authority, colleges and universities to determine the required samples and methods of screening and diagnosis in the case of suspicion of the presence of bird flu.\nT.. Contact was the world reference laboratory for providing the Arab Republic of Egypt Balaatarat work necessary for a vaccine has been coordinated with the Research Institute of serums and vaccines Abbasia to speed processing in the case of vaccine needed to vaccinate poultry.\n7. The General Authority for Veterinary Services (Directorate General of epidemics and diseases of poultry) to monitor the disease locally and internationally with some of the scientific centers (Research Unit of the U.S. Navy \"example 3\" in cooperation with the Ministry of Environment in migratory birds - National Laboratory for control of poultry in collaboration with the Academy of Scientific Research in domestic birds - Some veterinary colleges to universities and research centers on migratory birds and local) that collects samples from migratory birds and domestic birds and the work of the laboratory tests where the results of these tests proved the absence of highly pathogenic strain in the Arab Republic of Egypt.\n8. Body (General Directorate for Epidemiology and Poultry Diseases) following the development of the spread of bird flu virus in all around the world to take the necessary measures to prevent entry into the country immediately, through international organizations, the three OIE, FAO, WHO and international information network and other means of publishing a daily basis.\n9. The General Authority for Veterinary Services to the work program of finding a permanent avian flu in the Arab Republic of Egypt in conjunction with the National Laboratory for control of poultry to prevent the disease from entering the country by migratory birds or any other means tightly control the lessee on the ports so as to ensure the protection of livestock from pests and diseases Expat and non-diversion of the country with the speed to take the necessary measures to prevent the spread of the disease and control in case it occurs\nKingdom of Saudi Arabia\nMinistry of Higher Education\nUniversity of Northern Border\nFaculty of Engineering", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://traveldestinee.com/top-wildlife-destinations-in-asia-for-safari-lovers/", "date": "2024-04-14T22:52:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816904.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414223349-20240415013349-00694.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8758549690246582, "token_count": 1831, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__122757563", "lang": "en", "text": "Briefly introduce the concept of wildlife safaris and their popularity among adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts.\nHighlight the diversity and richness of Asia’s wildlife and the continent’s appeal as a safari destination.\nKaziranga National Park, India\nDescribe the unique ecosystem and wildlife found in Kaziranga National Park.\nHighlight the park’s population of the iconic one-horned rhinoceros.\nDiscuss the opportunities for elephant safaris and birdwatching in the park.\nMention the best time to visit for optimal wildlife sightings.\nRanthambore National Park, India\nDiscuss the historical significance of Ranthambore and its transformation into a wildlife sanctuary.\nFocus on the park’s population of Royal Bengal tigers and their conservation efforts.\nExplain the various safari options, including jeep safaris and canter safaris.\nTalk about the picturesque landscape and the fort within the park.\nYala National Park, Sri Lanka\nHighlight the diverse range of wildlife species found in Yala National Park.\nDiscuss the park’s population of leopards and the chance to spot these elusive creatures.\nDescribe the safari experiences offered, such as jeep safaris and camping.\nDiscuss the park’s proximity to beautiful coastal areas for a complete wildlife and beach vacation.\nTaman Negara National Park, Malaysia\nIntroduce Taman Negara National Park as one of the oldest rainforests in the world.\nDescribe the incredible biodiversity and unique flora and fauna found in the park.\nDiscuss the various activities available, such as jungle trekking, night safaris, and river cruises.\nMention the indigenous culture and the opportunity to learn about local communities.\nChitwan National Park, Nepal\nDiscuss Chitwan National Park’s UNESCO World Heritage status and its importance for conservation.\nDescribe the park’s diverse wildlife, including the endangered Bengal tiger and one-horned rhinoceros.\nTalk about the elephant safaris and canoe rides along the Rapti River.\nHighlight the Tharu culture and the chance to experience their traditional lifestyle.\nKinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Borneo\nDescribe the unique ecosystem of Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, including the mangrove forests and oxbow lakes.\nDiscuss the sanctuary’s population of proboscis monkeys, orangutans, and pygmy elephants.\nExplain the opportunities for river cruises and night safaris to spot wildlife.\nMention the conservation efforts and eco-lodges available for visitors.\nEmbarking on a wildlife safari is an exhilarating experience that allows adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts to immerse themselves in the untamed beauty of the natural world. From the majestic creatures that roam the plains to the vibrant ecosystems that support a wide array of flora and fauna, Asia offers an enticing selection of destinations for safari lovers. This blog will delve into some of the top wildlife destinations in Asia, each offering a unique glimpse into the continent’s rich biodiversity and captivating landscapes.\nKaziranga National Park, India: The Realm of the One-Horned Rhinoceros\nNestled in the northeastern state of Assam, Kaziranga National Park stands as a testament to India’s commitment to wildlife conservation. Boasting a unique ecosystem of tall elephant grass, dense forests, and marshy swamps, the park provides a sanctuary for a remarkable diversity of wildlife. The crown jewel of Kaziranga is undoubtedly the one-horned rhinoceros, with the park hosting the largest population of this iconic species in the world. Visitors can embark on thrilling elephant safaris to get up close to these magnificent creatures while also enjoying the opportunity for birdwatching as Kaziranga is a haven for avian species. To make the most of the wildlife sightings, the best time to visit is from November to April, when the park is accessible and the animals are more active.\nRanthambore National Park, India: In the Footsteps of Royal Bengal Tigers\nRanthambore National Park, situated in the state of Rajasthan, holds a significant place in India’s wildlife conservation efforts. Once a hunting ground for maharajas, it has now transformed into a thriving wildlife sanctuary. The park’s main attraction is its population of Royal Bengal tigers, offering visitors a rare chance to witness these majestic predators in their natural habitat. Safaris in Ranthambore come in the form of exciting jeep safaris or canter safaris, where knowledgeable guides navigate through the park’s rugged terrain, increasing the chances of tiger sightings. Besides the captivating wildlife, Ranthambore is adorned with picturesque landscapes, dotted with ancient ruins, including the iconic Ranthambore Fort that adds a touch of history to the safari experience.\nYala National Park, Sri Lanka: Leopards and Coastal Charms\nLocated on the southeastern coast of Sri Lanka, Yala National Park is a wildlife enthusiast’s paradise. Renowned for its diverse range of wildlife species, Yala offers an unforgettable safari experience. The park is home to the elusive leopard, with Yala having one of the highest densities of leopards in the world. As visitors traverse the park’s untamed wilderness on thrilling jeep safaris, they have the opportunity to spot these graceful cats in their natural habitat. Yala National Park’s allure extends beyond its wildlife wonders, as it is situated near beautiful coastal areas. This makes it a perfect destination for those seeking a blend of wildlife adventure and serene beachside relaxation.\nTaman Negara National Park, Malaysia: Unveiling the Ancient Rainforest\nVenturing into Taman Negara National Park in Malaysia is like stepping back in time. As one of the oldest rainforests in the world, this sprawling wilderness showcases unparalleled biodiversity and a rich tapestry of unique flora and fauna. The park offers a range of activities for visitors, including thrilling jungle trekking trails, enchanting night safaris to observe nocturnal creatures, and mesmerizing river cruises along the meandering waterways. Taman Negara is not only a haven for wildlife enthusiasts but also an opportunity to learn about the indigenous culture of the Orang Asli people who call this ancient rainforest home.\nChitwan National Park, Nepal: Where Conservation Meets Cultural Heritage\nDesignated as a UNESCO World Heritage site, Chitwan National Park in Nepal is a testament to the importance of preserving fragile ecosystems and protecting endangered species. The park’s diverse wildlife includes the Bengal tiger and the one-horned rhinoceros, both of which have faced severe threats to their survival. Visitors to Chitwan can participate in elephant safaris, traversing through dense grasslands and lush forests in search of these remarkable creatures. Additionally, tranquil canoe rides along the Rapti River offer glimpses of aquatic species and the park’s stunning natural beauty. Chitwan National Park also provides an opportunity to immerse oneself in the Tharu culture, an indigenous community known for their harmonious relationship with nature. Experiencing their traditional lifestyle adds a unique cultural dimension to the wildlife adventure.\nKinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Borneo: Exploring the Biodiversity of the Mangrove Ecosystem\nNestled in the heart of Borneo, the Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary captivates visitors with its remarkable and fragile ecosystem. The sanctuary is characterized by dense mangrove forests, winding rivers, and oxbow lakes that serve as vital habitats for an array of wildlife. Visitors have the chance to encounter proboscis monkeys swinging through the treetops, orangutans hanging from branches, and pygmy elephants gracefully moving along the riverbanks. River cruises and night safaris offer immersive experiences to witness these incredible creatures in action. Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary’s commitment to conservation is evident through its various conservation efforts and eco-lodges that provide sustainable accommodation options for visitors.\nAsia’s top wildlife destinations offer an escape into untamed beauty and the chance to witness extraordinary creatures in their natural habitats. From the vast grasslands of Kaziranga to the ancient rainforests of Taman Negara, these destinations provide captivating safari experiences that awaken a sense of wonder and appreciation for the natural world. Whether it’s spotting the elusive one-horned rhinoceros, tracking Royal Bengal tigers, or immersing in the diverse ecosystems of mangroves and rainforests, Asia’s wildlife safaris promise unforgettable adventures. Embark on a journey through these wildlife havens, support their conservation efforts, and create memories that will last a lifetime.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://debennesse.co.uk/menopause-and-your-brain/", "date": "2024-04-13T14:10:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816734.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413114018-20240413144018-00788.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9586519598960876, "token_count": 966, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__88955282", "lang": "en", "text": "Did you know women are more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety and depression than men? They are also more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease – ⅔ of people suffering from this disease are women. Could it be that women live longer and are therefore more likely to go on to develop Alzheimers? Or is it something else?\nThe key thing, according to Lisa Marconi and the women’s brain institute research, is that women’s brains age differently and menopause is the key to understanding why that is.\nRemember that the brain is in constant communication with the rest of the body – part of which is the reproductive system which is crucial to brain ageing due to the hormones – men have more testosterone and women more estrogen, but the main issue is that although testosterone gradually declines as men get older, estrogen takes a precipitous drop in women as they go through menopause.\nHot flushes, night sweats, anxiety, memory lapses, insomnia, depression – all common symptoms associated with menopause – all start in the brain. How is that? The brain and ovaries are part of the neuro-endocrine system – which means there is constant communication between the brain and the ovaries. When the ovaries function starts to decline in menopause, estrogen levels drop – estrodial is a key hormone that facilitates energy production in the brain by pushing the neurons to burn glucose. So while estrogen is high, brain energy is high, when estrogen is low, the neurons slow down and age faster. Studies have shown that this leads to the plaques that are associated with Azheimers disease. Some brain regions are more affected than others.\nThe hypothalamus is in charge of temperature regulation – cue hot flushes and night wears. The brain stem is in charge of your sleep pattern – cue insomnia. The amygdala – responsible for emotion – cue anxiety and depression/ mood swings. The hippocampus which is the memory center of the brain – cue forgetting your children’s names, or even how to do basic tasks.\nPET scans show that the brain energy levels drop around 30% in women once they have gone through menopause – this is independent of age – which will account for so many of the symptoms women go through during menopause. This is really crazy making as your brain is going through a transition and adjustments need to be made – even if we show no cognitive difference to men, how hard it is for us to do those tasks certainly is different! Cue ‘tired all the time’!\nCertain scans also show that the amyloid plaques (associated with Alzheimers) increase with 20% during menopause. This is a risk factor rather than a definitive cause. We need to bear this is mind when women are going through menopause – whether natural or surgical which can often be years earlier. Studies show that removal of the uterus, but more so the ovaries, correlate with a higher risk of dementia in women. Although this is surely upsetting news for women – knowledge is power and there is much that can be done to offset this effect and protect our brains.\nShould we take HRT? Although helpful for many of the symptoms of menopause, it is not currently recommended for dementia prevention, but many studies are under way in this field so hopefully we will see a change in this in years to come.\nLifestyle seems to be the best known way to help protect the brain – what foods we eat, how much sleep we get, how much exercise we get, how much stress we have in our lives all impact our hormone levels and therefore our brain health.\nThe best diet for hormone health seems to be the Mediterranean diet – women on this diet have a much lower risk of cognitive decline, cardiovascular disease, mood disorders, cancer and less hot flashes to boot. It is rich in foods that are rich in phytoestrogens – foods like flax seeds, sesame seeds, dried apricots, legumes, berries and melons – and don’t forget dark chocolate!\nThen avoiding things like stress that can bring cortisol levels up which takes estrogen levels down as they work in balance with each other. So having a mindfulness practice or going for that walk or workout after a stressful day can be really helpful in protecting your brain and boosting your feel good hormones at the same time!\nRemember, we are here to help – if you need some help in managing your menopausal symptoms, we offer individual education, acupuncture and lifestyle advice and support to get you back on track. The women’s health discovery session is aimed at looking at all of you and helping you make a plan that gets you back to thriving at life rather than just surviving!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.mapleentertainment.com/best-treatment-remove-spider-veins-face/", "date": "2020-01-28T15:17:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579251778272.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20200128122813-20200128152813-00025.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9599816799163818, "token_count": 605, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__153659179", "lang": "en", "text": "There are several kinds of treatment available for doing away with spider veins or the thin red lines or the network of blood vessels.\nActually speaking, spider veins are not harmful, per se. However, they can result in aching or burning sensation. There are different kinds of treatment available to treat this condition.\nWhat is sclerotherapy?\nThis is a process by which the physician or surgeon injects a chemical into the veins which scar and closes the veins. With this, the blood then gets re-routed towards other and more healthy veins. Within a duration of a few weeks, the spider veins fade out. However, this treatment may need to be performed more than once. Nonetheless, if done properly, this line procedure is usually successful. No local or general anesthesia is required to be administered for this treatment. There may be a few side effects of the procedure. These are: swelling, itching, and skin color change.\nHow is laser surgery performed?\nLaser surgery is done by thrusting in powerful doses of light into the vein. With time, the vein disappears away. For this, no cuts are required to be made. However, this treatment may not be as effective as sclerotherapy and more so if larger veins are being treated. This also results in some side effects like redness, bruising, itching, swelling and changes in skin color. Blood vessels treated with this procedure may fade out but will not totally disappear. In addition, new spider veins can also come up.\nHow can spider veins form?\nSpider veins, actually speaking, are a minor variant of varicose veins and can be a precursor to them. Exposure to the sun can cause a worsening of this condition. A number of reasons can lead to this condition. These could be heredity; if you working as a nurse, hair stylist or a teacher who needs to stand for a long time while working; during pregnancy, puberty and menopause when there is a fluctuation of hormones; if one is on birth control pills; during postmenopausal hormonal replacement; if one has a history of blood clots, if there is undue pressure in the abdominal area due to tumors, constipation et al. Spider veins can also form if a person has undergone severe trauma of some kind or has had a skin injury or a vein surgery.\nIt is a fact that varicose and spider veins are more commonly found in women than in men. Also, the chances of their occurrence are more with increasing age. In accordance with available data, it is estimated that about 30 to 60 percent of all adults suffer from a condition of either varicose or spider veins. As per data from the US Department of Health and Human Services’ Office on Women’s Health, it is reported that about 55 percent of all women have some type of vein issue or another.\nFor details, contact: Center for Cosmetic Dermatology. Phone: 717-741-5512.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu/Browse/RNAi/sgrna.php", "date": "2017-12-16T17:00:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948588294.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20171216162441-20171216184441-00419.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8293103575706482, "token_count": 462, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__115883083", "lang": "en", "text": "All available TRiP-CRISPR guide RNA lines are listed here. The insertions must be combined with a source of Cas9 to induce gene knockout or overexpression. See the TRiP-CRISPR toolbox for a list of available stocks with both Cas9 and a GAL4 driver.\nThere are two TRiP-CRISPR gRNA stock collections (for specifics, please see the TRiP in vivo CRISPR site):\nTRiP-CRISPR Overexpression (TRiP-OE) - activate expression of the target gene in somatic and/or germline cells by crossing to a line expressing GAL4 and dCas9-VPR\nTRiP-CRISPR KnockOut (TRiP-KO) - generate indels (small insertion or deletion mutations) in somatic and/or germline cells by crossing to a line expressing GAL4 and Cas9\nTRiP-CRISPR lines are generated in either pCFD3 or pCFD4 vectors (Port et al., 2014) which are designed to ubiquitiously express either one or two sgRNAs, respectively. Both vectors contain attB sites for phiC31-recombination, as well as the vermillion selection marker. In pCFD3, a single sgRNA is driven by the snRNA:U6:96Ac (U6:3) promoter and in pCFD4 the sgRNAs are driven by snRNA:U6:96Aa (U6:1) and snRNA:U6:96Ac. Detailed descriptions of these vectors are available at the CRISPR Fly Design site.\nThe TRiP encourages the community to nominate genes for TRiP-OE and TRiP-KO production via the TRiP sgRNA Database. If use of any of the TRiP-CRISPR stocks results in data used in a publication, please cite the TRiP in your publication.\n** If indicated, this insertion targets more than one gene. To see the other targets, either search this page with the stock number or click on the stock number to read the stock report.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://intelligentdesign.org/articles/does-evolution-even-have-a-mechanism/", "date": "2023-12-03T20:01:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100508.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203193127-20231203223127-00516.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9383646249771118, "token_count": 3644, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__119137419", "lang": "en", "text": "Talk delivered at the American Museum of Natural History, 23 April 2002 at a discussion titled “Evolution or Intelligent Design?” The participants included ID proponents William A. Dembski and Michael J. Behe as well as evolutionists Kenneth R. Miller and Robert T. Pennock. Eugenie C. Scott moderated the discussion. An introduction was given by National History Editor, Richard Milner. For coverage of this debate, see Scott Stevens’ article in The Cleveland Plains Dealer.\nEvolutionary biology teaches that all biological complexity is the result of material mechanisms. These include principally the Darwinian mechanism of natural selection and random variation, but also include other mechanisms (symbiosis, gene transfer, genetic drift, the action of regulatory genes in development, self-organizational processes, etc.). These mechanisms are just that: mindless material mechanisms that do what they do irrespective of intelligence. To be sure, mechanisms can be programmed by an intelligence. But any such intelligent programming of evolutionary mechanisms is not properly part of evolutionary biology.\nIntelligent design, by contrast, teaches that biological complexity is not exclusively the result of material mechanisms but also requires intelligence, where the intelligence in question is not reducible to such mechanisms. The central issue, therefore, is not the relatedness of all organisms, or what typically is called common descent. Indeed, intelligent design is perfectly compatible with common descent. Rather, the central issue is how biological complexity emerged and whether intelligence played a pivotal role in its emergence.\nSuppose, therefore, for the sake of argument that intelligence — one irreducible to material mechanisms — actually did play a decisive role in the emergence of life’s complexity and diversity. How could we know it? To answer this question, let’s run a thought experiment. Imagine that Alice is sending Bob encrypted messages over a communication channel and that Eve is eavesdropping. For simplicity let’s assume all the signals are bit strings. How could Eve know that Alice is not merely sending Bob random coin flips but meaningful messages?\nTo answer this question, Eve will require two things: First, the bit strings sent across the communication channel need to be reasonably long — in other words, they need to be complex. If not, chance can readily account for them. Just as there’s no way to reconstruct a piece of music given just one note, so there is no way to preclude chance for a bit string that consists of only a few bits. For instance, there are only eight strings consisting of three bits, and chance readily accounts for any of them.\nThere’s a second requirement for Eve to know that Alice is not sending Bob random gibberish: Eve needs to observe a suitable pattern in the signal Alice sends Bob. Even if the signal is complex, it may exhibit no pattern characteristic of intelligence. Flip a coin enough times, and you’ll observe a complex sequence of coin tosses. But that sequence will exhibit no pattern characteristic of intelligence. For cryptanalysts like Eve, observing a pattern suitable for identifying intelligence amounts to finding a cryptographic key that deciphers the message. Patterns suitable for identifying intelligence I call specifications.\nIn sum, Eve requires both complexity and specification to infer intelligence in the signals Alice is sending to Bob. This combination of complexity and specification, or specified complexity as I call it, is the basis for design inferences across numerous special sciences, including archaeology, cryptography, forensics, and the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). I detail this in my book The Design Inference, a peer-reviewed statistical monograph that appeared with Cambridge University Press in 1998.\nSo, what’s all the fuss about specified complexity? The actual term specified complexity is not original with me. It first occurs in the origin-of-life literature, where Leslie Orgel used it to describe what he regards as the essence of life. That was thirty years ago. More recently, in 1999, surveying the state of origin-of-life research, Paul Davies remarked: “Living organisms are mysterious not for their complexity per se, but for their tightly specified complexity” (The Fifth Miracle, p. 112).\nOrgel and Davies used specified complexity loosely. In my own research I’ve formalized it as a statistical criterion for identifying the effects of intelligence. For identifying the effects of animal, human, and extraterrestrial intelligence the criterion works just fine. Yet when anyone attempts to apply the criterion to biological systems, all hell breaks loose. Let’s consider why.\nEvolutionary biologists claim to have demonstrated that design is superfluous for understanding biological complexity. The only way to actually demonstrate this, however, is to exhibit material mechanisms that account for the various forms of biological complexity out there. Now, if for every instance of biological complexity some mechanism could readily be produced that accounts for it, intelligent design would drop out of scientific discussion. Occam’s razor, by proscribing superfluous causes, would in this instance finish off intelligent design quite nicely.\nBut that hasn’t happened. Why not? The reason is that there are plenty of complex biological systems for which no biologist has a clue how they emerged. I’m not talking about handwaving just-so stories. Biologists have plenty of those. I’m talking about detailed testable accounts of how such systems could have emerged. To see what’s at stake, consider how biologists propose to explain the emergence of the bacterial flagellum, a molecular machine that has become the mascot of the intelligent design movement.\nHoward Berg at Harvard calls the bacterial flagellum the most efficient machine in the universe. The flagellum is a nano-engineered outboard rotary motor on the backs of certain bacteria. It spins at tens of thousands of rpm, can change direction in a quarter turn, and propels a bacterium through its watery environment. According to evolutionary biology it had to emerge via some material mechanism. Fine, but how?\nThe usual story is that the flagellum is composed of parts that previously were targeted for different uses and that natural selection then co-opted to form a flagellum. This seems reasonable until we try to fill in the details. The only well-documented examples that we have of successful co-optation come from human engineering. For instance, an electrical engineer might co-opt components from a microwave oven, a radio, and a computer screen to form a working television. But in that case, we have an intelligent agent who knows all about electrical gadgets and about televisions in particular.\nBut natural selection doesn’t know a thing about bacterial flagella. So how is natural selection going to take extant protein parts and co-opt them to form a flagellum? The problem is that natural selection can only select for pre-existing function. It can, for instance, select for larger finch beaks when the available nuts are harder to open. Here the finch beak is already in place and natural selection merely enhances its present functionality. Natural selection might even adapt a pre-existing structure to a new function; for example, it might start with finch beaks adapted to opening nuts and end with beaks adapted to eating insects.\nBut for co-optation to result in a structure like the bacterial flagellum, we are not talking about enhancing the function of an existing structure or reassigning an existing structure to a different function, but reassigning multiple structures previously targeted for different functions to a novel structure exhibiting a novel function. The bacterial flagellum requires around fifty proteins for its assembly and structure. All these proteins are necessary in the sense that lacking any of them, a working flagellum does not result.\nThe only way for natural selection to form such a structure by co-optation, then, is for natural selection gradually to enfold existing protein parts into evolving structures whose functions co-evolve with the structures. We might, for instance, imagine a five-part mousetrap consisting of a platform, spring, hammer, holding bar, and catch evolving as follows: It starts as a doorstop (thus consisting merely of the platform), then evolves into a tie-clip (by attaching the spring and hammer to the platform), and finally becomes a full mousetrap (by also including the holding bar and catch).\nKen Miller finds such scenarios not only completely plausible but also deeply relevant to biology (in fact, he regularly sports a modified mousetrap cum tie-clip). Intelligent design proponents, by contrast, regard such scenarios as rubbish. Here’s why. First, in such scenarios the hand of human design and intention meddles everywhere. Evolutionary biologists assure us that eventually they will discover just how the evolutionary process can take the right and needed steps without the meddling hand of design.\nBut all such assurances presuppose that intelligence is dispensable in explaining biological complexity. The only evidence we have of successful co-optation, however, comes from engineering and confirms that intelligence is indispensable in explaining complex structures like the mousetrap and by implication the flagellum. Intelligence is known to have the causal power to produce such structures. We’re still waiting for the promised material mechanisms.\nThe other reason design theorists are less than impressed with co-optation concerns an inherent limitation of the Darwinian mechanism. The whole point of the Darwinian selection mechanism is that you can get from anywhere in configuration space to anywhere else provided you can take small steps. How small? Small enough that they are reasonably probable. But what guarantee do you have that a sequence of baby-steps connects any two points in configuration space?\nRichard Dawkins compares the emergence of biological complexity to climbing a mountain — Mount Improbable, as he calls it. According to him, Mount Improbable always has a gradual serpentine path leading to the top that can be traversed in baby-steps. But that’s hardly an empirical claim. Indeed, the claim is entirely gratuitous. It might be a fact about nature that Mount Improbable is sheer on all sides and getting to the top from the bottom via baby-steps is effectively impossible. A gap like that would reside in nature herself and not in our knowledge of nature (it would not, in other words, constitute a god-of-the-gaps).\nThe problem is worse yet. For the Darwinian selection mechanism to connect point A to point B in configuration space, it is not enough that there merely exist a sequence of baby-steps connecting the two. In addition, each baby-step needs in some sense to be “successful.” In biological terms, each step requires an increase in fitness as measured in terms of survival and reproduction. Natural selection, after all, is the motive force behind each baby-step, and selection only selects what is advantageous to the organism. Thus, for the Darwinian mechanism to connect two organisms, there must be a sequence of successful baby-steps connecting the two.\nAgain, it is not enough merely to presuppose this — it must be demonstrated. For instance, it is not enough to point out that some genes for the bacterial flagellum are the same as those for a type III secretory system (a type of pump) and then handwave that one was co-opted from the other. Anybody can arrange complex systems in a series. But such series do nothing to establish whether the end evolved in a Darwinian fashion from the beginning unless the probability of each step in the series can be quantified, the probability at each step turns out to be reasonably large, and each step constitutes an advantage to the organism (in particular, viability of the whole organism must at all times be preserved).\nConvinced that the Darwinian mechanism must be capable of doing such evolutionary design work, evolutionary biologists rarely ask whether such a sequence of successful baby-steps even exists; much less do they attempt to quantify the probabilities involved. I attempt that in chapter 5 of my most recent book No Free Lunch. There I lay out techniques for assessing the probabilistic hurdles that the Darwinian mechanism faces in trying to account for complex biological structures like the bacterial flagellum. The probabilities I calculate — and I try to be conservative — are horrendous and render natural selection entirely implausible as a mechanism for generating the flagellum and structures like it.\nIf I’m right and the probabilities really are horrendous, then the bacterial flagellum exhibits specified complexity. Furthermore, if specified complexity is a reliable marker of intelligent agency, then systems like the bacterial flagellum bespeak intelligent design and are not solely the effect of material mechanisms.\nIt’s here that critics of intelligent design raise the argument-from-ignorance objection. For something to exhibit specified complexity entails that no known material mechanism operating in known ways is able to account for it. But that leaves unknown material mechanisms. It also leaves known material mechanisms operating in unknown ways. Isn’t arguing for design on the basis of specified complexity therefore merely an argument from ignorance?\nTwo comments to this objection: First, the great promise of Darwinian and other naturalistic accounts of evolution was precisely to show how known material mechanisms operating in known ways could produce all of biological complexity. So at the very least, specified complexity is showing that problems claimed to be solved by naturalistic means have not been solved. Second, the argument from ignorance objection could in principle be raised for any design inference that employs specified complexity, including those where humans are implicated in constructing artifacts. An unknown material mechanism might explain the origin of the Mona Lisa in the Louvre, or the Louvre itself, or Stonehenge, or how two students wrote exactly the same essay. But no one is looking for such mechanisms. It would be madness even to try. Intelligent design caused these objects to exist, and we know that because of their specified complexity.\nSpecified complexity, by being defined relative to known material mechanisms operating in known ways, might always be defeated by showing that some relevant mechanism was omitted. That’s always a possibility (though as with the plagiarism example and with many other cases, we don’t take it seriously). As William James put it, there are live possibilities and then again there are bare possibilities. There are many design inferences which, to question or doubt, require invoking a bare possibility. Such bare possibilities, if realized, would defeat specified complexity. But defeat specified complexity in what way? Not by rendering the concept incoherent but by dissolving it.\nIn fact, that is how Darwinists, complexity theorists, and anyone intent on defeating specified complexity as a marker of intelligence usually attempts it, namely, by showing that it dissolves once we have a better understanding of the underlying material mechanisms that render the object in question reasonably probable. By contrast, design theorists argue that specified complexity in biology is real: that any attempt to palliate the complexities or improbabilities by invoking as yet unknown mechanisms or known mechanisms operating in unknown ways is destined to fail. This can in some cases be argued convincingly, as with Michael Behe’s irreducibly complex biochemical machines and with biological structures whose geometry allows complete freedom in possible arrangements of parts.\nConsider, for instance, a configuration space comprising all possible character sequences from a fixed alphabet (such spaces model not only written texts but also polymers like DNA, RNA, and proteins). Configuration spaces like this are perfectly homogeneous, with one character string geometrically interchangeable with the next. The geometry therefore precludes any underlying mechanisms from distinguishing or preferring some character strings over others. Not material mechanisms but external semantic information (in the case of written texts) or functional information (in the case of polymers) is needed to generate specified complexity in these instances. To argue that this semantic or functional information reduces to material mechanisms is like arguing that Scrabble pieces have inherent in them preferential ways they like to be sequenced. They don’t. Michael Polanyi offered such arguments for biological design in the 1960s.\nIn summary, evolutionary biology contends that material mechanisms are capable of accounting for all of biological complexity. Yet for biological systems that exhibit specified complexity, these mechanisms provide no explanation of how they were produced. Moreover, in contexts where the causal history is independently verifiable, specified complexity is reliably correlated with intelligence. At a minimum, biology should therefore allow the possibility of design in cases of biological specified complexity. But that’s not the case.\nEvolutionary biology allows only one line of criticism, namely, to show that a complex specified biological structure could not have evolved via any material mechanism. In other words, so long as some unknown material mechanism might have evolved the structure in question, intelligent design is proscribed. This renders evolutionary theory immune to disconfirmation in principle, because the universe of unknown material mechanisms can never be exhausted. Furthermore, the evolutionist has no burden of evidence. Instead, the burden of evidence is shifted entirely to the evolution skeptic. And what is required of the skeptic? The skeptic must prove nothing less than a universal negative. That is not how science is supposed to work.\nScience is supposed to pursue the full range of possible explanations. Evolutionary biology, by limiting itself to material mechanisms, has settled in advance which biological explanations are true apart from any consideration of empirical evidence. This is arm-chair philosophy. Intelligent design may not be correct. But the only way we could discover that is by admitting design as a real possibility, not ruling it out a priori. Darwin himself agreed. In the Origin of Species he wrote: “A fair result can be obtained only by fully stating and balancing the facts and arguments on both sides of each question.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thechallengernews.com/2021/11/nutrients-and-herbs-to-naturally-help-combat-headaches/", "date": "2021-12-04T11:51:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362969.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20211204094103-20211204124103-00093.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8934221863746643, "token_count": 558, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__104667112", "lang": "en", "text": "There are over 22 types of headaches and everyone gets one from time to time. Nowadays it being a symptom of Covid19 it’s important to be extra aware of them along with other symptoms. If it’s reoccurring and progressively worsens its best to consult your medical professional since outside of the current wave of covid, headaches can be an alarm for brain and neurological issues that could be serious.\nOn the flip side a headache could very well just be a headache caused by stress, tension, anxiety, fatigue, low or high blood sugar, sinusitis, allergies, vitamin deficiencies, constipation, hunger, hormonal imbalances, caffeine consumption, perfumes, alcohol and other irritants.\nHeadache experts do estimate that about 90% of all headaches are tension headaches (caused by muscular tension) and we often grab our go to over the counter headache medicines to temporarily solve the discomfort.\nIt’s important to know that its better to treat the cause of the headache vs the symptom and that long over reliance on asprin and acetaminophen and other painkillers can interfere with your brains’ natural ability to fight headaches.\nHowever adding a regiment of certain nutrients and herbs can potentially help quiet and or eliminate headaches and the deficiencies that are causing them .\nSome of the nutrients include:\nCalcium and Magnesium to relax the muscles.\nCoenzyme Q10 to oxygenate the tissues and detox many dangerous substances that may be causing the headache.\nBromelain helps regulate the inflammatory response.\nVitamin B3 and B Complex together improve circulation aids nervous system and removes excess water from tissues.\nVitamin C aids in defense against harmful pollutants in the body and production of antistress hormones\nVitamin E improves circulation\nHerbs that are helpful include:\nCayenne that thins blood which reduces pain and allows beneficial blood flow.\nChamomile relaxes muscles.\nGinkgo Biloba improves circulation to the brain.\nKava Kava for tension relief.\nScullcap has antispasmodic agents.\nValerian Root a good sedative.\nOf course a good diet, ample water, m,oderate exercise and plenty of sleep is key for best health.\nExperts say foods that contain tyramine can likely cause headache discomforts if you are over consuming them. Some of those foods include alcohol, bananas, cheese, chocolate, cold cuts, onions, pork, smoked foods, peanut butter, chicken, citrus fruits, dairy/sour cream vinegar, wine. Through process of elimination of these foods you may find your headache culprit.\n( supplement regiment found in prescription for Nutritional Healing 4th edition)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://truchargv.com/the-radical-root/", "date": "2024-02-24T23:33:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474569.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224212113-20240225002113-00226.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9594573974609375, "token_count": 643, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__180664640", "lang": "en", "text": "“They tried to bury us, but they didn’t know we were seeds” is a powerful saying because it alludes to the promise of growth, to the potential of life despite the heavy weight piled on. After a period of dormancy, a seed’s growth is triggered by internal and external conditions. Only when the circumstances align are the seeds automated to begin their true act of defiance; to grow. That initial step is taken by the brave first organ to appear during germination; the radicle. Pronounced radical, it pushes through and grows downward into the soil, anchoring the seedling for its next phase of life.\nThe radicle, also known as the primary root, can then grow a network of roots or store food (like potatoes or carrots). Roots (for the most part) are what hold a plant to the dirt, what brace it to the earth. They feed and nurture the blooming and fruiting of plants. Roots themselves are sustenance and can heal through medicinal properties, but they can also be a force of disruption. As Daniel Murphy states, “A tiny seed finds its way into a small crack in the sidewalk. The radical emerges. Before you know it, a plant strong enough to push apart two concrete slabs has grown.”\nMetaphorically, roots can refer to our ancestral history, culture, and traditions. A successful seed can traverse miles- carried by the wind, stuck on roaming creatures, floating in the sea. When seeds find themselves in new environments, “radicals rise up as radicles force themselves downward, rooting in new lives.” Like with flora, many of our ancestors and the individuals migrating now- rooting oneself is a radicle and natural act.\nRooted in the Lower Rio Grande Delta\nThe Valley is the land on which we stand, but it is also the ideological apparatus that has crafted us. Traditions and culture have shaped our ideas of community and informed our interaction with our environment. Dominant forces have divided us, these forces have separated us from our land, but our roots in this area are deep. They have been tended by indigenous/Tejanos, both our ancestors and contemporaries. They look like your tio, your grandma, your siblings, and you.\nWe’ve tilled these soils, harvested its bounty, and cared for our seedlings. Our work has amassed a rich history and knowledge. We’ve connected; through food, language, and love. We’ve shared recipes and remedios, work and its rewards.\nWe move like plants. Our seeds dispersed through the waves, carried by the wind over boundaries and barriers. They spread for miles in all directions. We’ve traveled far and wide for freedom, liberty, and the right to live comfortably. We aspire to labor and continue to tend to our roots. When we connect with these roots, we are able to cultivate cultural and institutional change.\nOur roots aren’t stopped by the river, they’re reinforced and grow strong and dense. Only with water can we bloom, only in water do lotuses flower.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ebresearchfoundation.org/what-is-eb/", "date": "2018-12-19T12:17:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376832259.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20181219110427-20181219132427-00602.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9466349482536316, "token_count": 175, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__241745175", "lang": "en", "text": "A life of constant burning pain\nAn individual with EB lacks a critical protein that binds the layers of skin together. Without this protein, the skin tears apart, blisters and sheers off, leading to severe pain, disfigurement, and constant gaping open wounds. EB affects the body inside and out. Blisters occur all over the body, as well as in the eyes, mouth, esophagus, and other internal organs. Living with EB is like living with third degree burns.\nSufferers can spend hours everyday being bandaged with dressings to protect and medicate their wounds. EB causes severe pain, disfigurement, and in too many cases, an early death from systemic failure, infection or from aggressive forms of skin cancer. And because most people have never heard of EB, a lack of research holds back an end to this devastating condition.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tigervit.com/shop/turmeric/turmeric/", "date": "2022-07-03T08:33:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104215805.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20220703073750-20220703103750-00111.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9625108242034912, "token_count": 306, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__239120847", "lang": "en", "text": "Benefits of Turmeric\nWithin turmeric, there’s a chemical called curcumin, its primary active component, which is the compound that most of its health benefits are attributed to. Curcumin is a natural antioxidant that has anti-inflammatory properties. Studies previously carried out even go so far as to say that, if the right amount is taken, curcumin can have greater anti-inflammatory effects than common medications taken for that purpose, such as aspirin.\nNot only that, but it has been shown to potentially have anti-aging qualities as well as being a candidate for preventing Alzheimer’s disease and even depression. Cancer, heart disease, arthritis and diabetes are just a number of other potential areas where it’s use can be of great consequence.\nTo experience these benefits, however, it wouldn’t be sufficient to simply add turmeric to the occasional meal, but to employ the use of supplements.\nIt’s important to note that though it may be of use to the listed health issues, combining it with medication being taken for those specific issues should be avoided before consulting a doctor.\nFor example, there’s evidence that taking turmeric along with diabetes medication can lead to very low blood sugar levels. Turmeric also restricts your body absorbing iron, so combining it with iron supplements is not advised.\nSo, despite its benefits, turmeric is no different to many other helpful substances. Caution should always be applied before admitting it to your body.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://chocolate-slim-official.site/articles/37", "date": "2021-10-24T15:54:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323586043.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20211024142824-20211024172824-00498.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9299110174179077, "token_count": 3254, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__32590806", "lang": "en", "text": "The harm and benefits of the keto diet, contraindications and possible health consequences\nThe ketogenic diet is currently at its peak, popularized by celebrities such as Kim Kardashian, Megan Fox, Riana and Matthew McConaughey. Before blindly believing in the PR of the next elixir of harmony, you need to figure out whether this method of being in good physical shape is so perfect, and what harm the keto diet can do to the body later.\nIn Search of the Perfect Diet\nUntil now, no such diet for weight loss has been found, in which there is a rapid burning of fat, there is no feeling of hunger, and the state of health is getting better and better every day. Every diet has its flaw, which is why there is someone describing the harm of another invented way to eat in order to lose weight.\nSo the ketogenic diet (in another way it is called a carbohydrate-free) has not only its supporters, but also opponents who are ready, on a scientific basis and the results of experimental research, to tell you why the keto diet is harmful and what to expect if you deprive the body of carbohydrate nutrition.\nKetosis is the basis of the popular diet\nIn a normal diet, carbohydrates are the main source of energy. After entering the body, as a result of several chemical reactions, they are converted into glucose, which is necessary for the functioning of the brain, central nervous system and other organs. The excess of the resulting glucose is placed in the glycogen depot. From there, it is removed as needed between meals. If these reserves are exhausted, then the energy is taken from the stored fats.\nThat is, in the normal state, carbohydrates are used by the body as a source of energy, and fats are stored. In the absence of carbohydrates, ketone bodies derived from fat cells are a backup source of nutrition.\nIn order for the body to enter such a state of metabolism, the amount of carbohydrates supplied with food for 3-4 days should not exceed 20 g per day. During this time, all glycogen stores will be depleted and the breakdown of fats will begin to obtain the necessary energy. That is, a process called ketosis will start.\nThe essence of the ketogenic diet is that the main source of energy in the body - carbohydrates is reduced to a minimum, and the alternative - the breakdown of fats increases. This method of nutrition was originally used to treat patients with epilepsy and diabetes mellitus.\nCurrently, it is often prescribed in complex therapy for cancer patients, patients with Parkenson's or Alzheimer's disease, for the treatment of acne, since an excess of fast carbohydrates is one of the causes of the spread of acne.\nDoctors still consider ketogen to be more useful for health improvement than for weight loss. When carbohydrates are burned, many free radicals are formed that attack and damage cells. When using fats, radicals harmful to the body are released much less.\nWhat is allowed and what is not?\nTo understand the essence of nutrition and to understand for yourself whether the keto diet is harmful to health or not, you need to get to know it better, find out the menu, diet, nutritional rules and contraindications.\nThe menu should be based on the main principle - the exclusion of carbohydrates from the diet. Therefore, you can eat any food you want. Only on one condition: that they do not contain any carbohydrates, whether fast or slow.\nAlso, when drawing up the menu, it is necessary to observe the main rule of any diet for weight loss: the number of incoming calories per day should be less than the amount consumed over the same period.\nIf these two main rules are observed, then you can expect results for weight loss, fats will begin to burn when ketosis occurs. All that remains is to draw up a keto diet menu, which, if possible, will take into account all the pros and cons.\nBased on the basic principle of the ketogenic diet, you should exclude from the diet:\n- all flour products - pasta, confectionery, baked goods;\n- sweets - sweets, jams;\n- any sweet drinks;\n- vegetables with a high starch content - potatoes, corn, legumes;\n- cereals - semolina, oatmeal, rice, and others.\nIt will be hard for those with a sweet tooth. But they must decide for themselves which is more important: the taste of chocolate candy and favorite strawberry jam or the feeling of a slim, beautiful body.\nThe keto diet includes all foods that do not contain carbohydrates, do not raise blood sugar levels, and prevent the body from stopping the fat burning process. This:\n- meat, fish, seafood in any form;\n- fresh and sour milk without fillers or sweeteners;\n- eggs without limits;\n- vegetable oils;\n- green vegetables, lettuce;\n- tomatoes, pumpkin, avocado;\n- some nuts and berries of any kind;\n- coffee, tea without sugar, unsweetened mineral water.\nMilk should be limited in quantity as it contains milk sugar. Saturated fats in meat and dairy products should not exceed 13 g per day. And vegetable oil, avocados and nuts should be present in the diet every day. It is these products that are considered the basis in the famous Mediterranean diet. Considering that 1 medium-sized apple contains 20 g of sugar, you can allow half of the fruit to be eaten for an afternoon snack.\nLooking at the list of what is allowed on the keto diet, you can create a menu. Below is an example of meals for 1 day. Already from it you can understand that the body will not wait for energy help from food.\n- natural yogurt - 100 g;\n- cottage cheese - 100 g;\n- berries - 30 g;\n- olive oil - 20 g;\n- coffee - 200 ml.\n- chicken fillet - 80 g;\n- green beans - 100 g;\n- vegetable oil - 25 g;\n- tomatoes - 60 g;\n- green tea - 200 ml.\n- cheese - 20 g;\n- avocado - 50 g;\n- nuts - 20 g;\n- mineral water - 200 ml.\n- fish - 80 g;\n- cabbage salad - 100 g;\n- olive oil - 25 g.\nBefore bed, you can drink a glass of kefir or natural liquid yogurt. Ketogenic nutrition suppresses the production of the hormone ghrelin, which is responsible for feeling hungry. Therefore, a properly selected menu will allow you to spend time on a diet without an acute feeling of hunger and a constant desire for something to eat.\nWhat rules need to be followed?\nIn order to prevent the dangers of the keto diet from causing great damage to the body, it is recommended to first prepare the body by gradually removing carbohydrates from your diet. First of all, you need to reduce the use of sweet and starchy foods. You should study which foods are fast carbohydrates, completely abandon them, cutting their diet by about 20% every day. In parallel, you should increase the amount of healthy fats.\nAfter getting ready, you can switch to keto. At the beginning of the diet, the composition of the consumed food should be in a certain ratio of fats, proteins and carbohydrates: 60%, 30% and 10% of the daily calorie intake.\nIn order to start the process of breaking down fats, the level of glucose in the blood must drop to minimum values and hold out in this amount for 2 days. This alone will help the body start using fat as an energy source.\nHow is the adaptation of the organism going?\nAt the very beginning of ketogenics, due to a lack of insulin in the blood, unpleasant sensations may appear that not everyone can easily endure. You need to know about them in order to be ready and not afraid. This:\n- bad breath;\n- decreased physical activity.\nThese side effects are called the keto flu. To soften the body's response to dietary changes, it is recommended to drink plenty of water, as well as add potassium, magnesium and sodium supplements to your diet.\nSeveral well-known diets are inherently ketogenic. For example, protein, low carbohydrate, no carbohydrate. In them, the main principle is to reduce the amount of consumed carbohydrates before the onset of ketosis.\nWho is prohibited from the keto diet?\nThe state of ketosis is not entirely natural for the body. It is included in the work as a backup option only when there is no habitual diet, that is, if suddenly there is a hunger. As you know, hunger is not always useful, and for a certain category of people, it is even dangerous, since it does not provide the body with the elements it needs.\nEspecially careful should be those for whom the ketogenic diet has contraindications. And this:\n- pregnant women;\n- people with chronic liver and kidney diseases;\n- having a disorder in the immune system;\n- those who consume alcohol and use anabolic sports supplements.\nIn addition, this type of diet requires a lot of water to avoid toxicosis. And this may be unacceptable for some diseases.\nWhat achievements can you achieve?\nTo understand if the keto diet is worth considering, you need to know about the pros and cons that it can lead to. In addition to losing 5 kg of weight per month and a feeling of lightness throughout the body, the plus is that you can remove the dependence on sweets and make a balanced diet for later life.\nThe benefits of starch-free vegetables will be appreciated. These are: asparagus, broccoli, spinach. These foods are rich in dietary fiber, which is beneficial for the intestines. They are low in calories and can be eaten in large quantities.\nWhy is the keto diet dangerous?\nThe ketogenic diet involves a dramatic change in the way you eat. This means that the body will receive a certain amount of stress and may not react positively. The main harm of the ketone diet may not be due to the lack of carbohydrates. The brain is able to function normally on ketone bodies. The state of the body will be deplorably affected by a diet poor in vitamins and other important elements.\nBefore deciding to switch to this type of diet, you should be aware of the possible consequences. It is on them that opponents of the ketogenic diet focus. Here are the main cons of the keto diet:\n- Being in ketosis causes high levels of methionine, glutamine, asparagine and other amino acids that cancer cells depend on. Consequently, the risk of developing cancer is increased.\n- Increased consumption of animal fats leads to an increase in cholesterol plaques on the walls of blood vessels, the formation of atherosclerosis and problems with the cardiovascular system.\n- The exclusion of fruits and a large number of vegetables from the menu leads to the fact that a prolonged lack of fiber contributes to the appearance of constipation and disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. And the deficiency of essential vitamins and minerals negatively affects the general condition.\n- The body loses the habit of processing carbohydrates and even a small intake of glucose can cause a sharp jump in blood sugar levels. This can trigger diabetes.\n- With prolonged ketone nutrition (more than 1. 5 months), the level of ammonia in the blood rises, and this leads to general intoxication of the body and disruption of hormonal balance.\n- There is an unpleasant odor of acetone from the mouth, body and urine.\n- Weakness, dizziness appear, efficiency decreases, concentration of attention worsens. All this significantly reduces the quality of life both at work and at home.\nScientific studies have shown that, in addition to raising ammonia in the blood, the amount of bad cholesterol increases due to the increased consumption of animal fats. Since the amount of protein in the diet is small, muscular dystrophy gradually sets in, and kidney stones form.\nIt can be concluded that the keto diet is only suitable for completely healthy people without any health problems and confident that they can survive without carbohydrates for 6-8 weeks.\nThe Effects of the Keto Diet\nIn recent years, scientific organizations have conducted many controlled studies on which diet is most beneficial and which is harmful. This was done for the purpose of commercial offer to potential buyers of healthy food products.\nHere's what the data has been collected and published on the health benefits of the keto diet:\n- People who follow a low-carb diet have a shorter life expectancy than those who have unlimited slow carbs in their diet.\n- Those who exclude vegetables and fruits from their diet are 32% more susceptible to various diseases compared to those who consume them in sufficient quantities.\n- A comparison of low-carb versus low-fat diets in overweight people has shown that cutting fat on the menu is more effective than cutting carbs.\n- Also compared the results of the keto diet with the results obtained from a diet high in slow carbohydrates at the same calorie content. A diet high in sugars has resulted in more weight loss than a ketogenic diet in the same amount of time.\nThis conclusion is not in favor of a low-carb keto diet. Apparently, a stressful state activates the body to overcome a negative situation and does not allow one to calmly part with an alternative source of nutrition.\nThe keto diet, especially long-term, is not suitable for people who need to be active or have daily physical activity. These people include athletes. In the absence of the required amount of carbohydrates, the muscles will not be able to perform strength exercises.\nBut athletes are very enthusiastic and motivated people who are used to getting their way. Therefore, they found a suitable solution to get the benefits of the keto diet and reduce the possible harm. They began to use the so-called interval or cyclic diet. She combines ketone and carbohydrate, alternating them day by day. From Monday to Thursday evening, the athlete eats ketone, then fills the body with calories using carbohydrate foods until Sunday. Eats on Sunday by reducing carbohydrates and introducing healthy fats into the diet. This type of diet allows you to burn fat and at the same time build muscle mass, making your muscles bumpy.\nDoctors do not recommend sticking to the keto diet for long. In order not to harm the body, it is recommended to do 1 fasting day a week. On this day, the body can be fed with carbohydrates.\nIs control mandatory?\nBefore starting a keto diet, you need to visit a doctor to decide with him whether this method of eating will bring harm or benefit to the body. To do this, it is necessary to donate blood and urine for a general analysis, biochemistry, for sugar and insulin content. Long-term ketogenic nutrition (more than 2 weeks) is required under medical supervision. And when unpleasant symptoms appear, you need to contact him for advice.\nHow to safely enter ketosis?\nIt has been proven that the state of ketosis, when the body is on carbohydrate starvation and begins to burn its own fat stores, is very beneficial. This state can be achieved without the use of a ketogenic diet. You just need to go on a water hunger strike for 3-4 days.\nAs a result, autophagy occurs in the body, and the cells begin to self-purify, stem cells are activated, and the immune system regenerates. Such short-term fasting must be carried out periodically in order to cleanse the body and its self-healing.\nA long-term keto diet has many disadvantages, the consequences of which are far from being investigated. The mere fact that a carbohydrate-free state is unnatural for the body should make one think before going on such a diet.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.sanidad.ae/product-category/perioaid/", "date": "2018-01-18T03:53:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084887065.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20180118032119-20180118052119-00022.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8317046761512756, "token_count": 185, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__124638166", "lang": "en", "text": "Perio·Aid® is the most indicated oral antiseptic for the treatment and maintenance of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Its exclusive formula combines two antiseptics, Chlorhexidine and Cetylpyridinium Chloride, which work synergistically to ensure maximum efficacy and control over the oral biofilm, also known as bacterial plaque.\nPerio·Aid® offers two lines, specifically formulated to treat each stage of periodontal and peri-implant disease:\nPerio·Aid® Intensive care, CHX 0.12% + CPC 0.05%\nPerio·Aid® Active control, CHX 0.05% + CPC 0.05%\nOf all oral antiseptics on the market, Perio·Aid® has the greatest number of clinical studies that back its efficacy.\nShowing all 5 results", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.theedenprinciple.com/post/the-fig-the-wasp", "date": "2024-04-18T07:37:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817200.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418061950-20240418091950-00649.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9772436618804932, "token_count": 476, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__46743983", "lang": "en", "text": "I have been going through Scripture to read about the various mentions of the fig tree and my what an amazing study it has been so far. The fig tree is mentioned in 54 different passages in the Bible. It is first mentioned in Genesis 3 when Adam and Eve sewed fig leaves together to cover themselves. It goes on being mentioned through Scripture even until Revelation 6:13 when it says “and the stars of the sky fell to the earth, as a fig tree casts its unripe figs when shaken by a great wind.”\nSince God saw fit to place the fig tree in His Word 54 times I started to wonder why. I, probably like most people, know nothing about fig trees or how they are grown. My only thoughts are that it was a kind of fruit. However, I have found out that even in that opinion I am wrong. A fig is actually called an inflorescence which is —a cluster of many flowers and seeds contained inside a bulbous stem. These flowers are encased inside the shell of the fig so how does the fig grow?\nIronically what we consider the fruit only grows because of a death. Most figs are pollinated by a fig wasp which crawls inside of the bud of the fig tree and pollinates the flowers or what we see as the fruit. This wasp more often than not dies after completing this task. As it enters the tightly packed bud it often tears its wings off and later dies after spreading the pollen it has suffered to carry inside the bud. It is because of the wasp’s sacrifice that the fruit can bloom and grow.\nSo why the lesson on figs and wasps? I couldn’t help but see the parallel between the wasp who sacrifices to produce the fig and how we come to salvation because of Jesus’ sacrifice. He pushed into the very heart of darkness so that He could overcome death and sin. He suffered and paid the price for our lives. He then sent the Holy Spirit to help us grow and develop in our relationship with the Father just as the pollen distributed by the wasp helps the figs grow.\nSo as I continue this study about the fig tree I will be grateful that the first lesson He is teaching me is a reminder of all Jesus did to ensure that I could come into relationship with the Father.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://altafocus.com/best-foods-for-covid-recovery-nourish-and-heal-with-these-nutrient-packed-choices/", "date": "2024-02-24T06:17:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474523.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224044749-20240224074749-00362.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9385594129562378, "token_count": 4449, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__78006224", "lang": "en", "text": "Eating a healthy diet filled with plenty of vitamins and minerals is crucial for COVID recovery. Nourishing your body with nutrient-packed foods can support immune health and aid in the healing process. Fresh fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of essential nutrients that can help rebuild your immune system and promote overall wellness.\nHydration is also essential during recovery. Fluids such as broths, fresh juices, and electrolyte solutions can help maintain hydration levels and support the body’s healing process.\nWhen it comes to specific foods for COVID recovery, focus on those that are rich in immune-boosting nutrients. Vitamin C, found in fruits like kiwis, berries, oranges, sweet potatoes, and peppers, can help support your immune system. Protein sources such as lean chicken, turkey, lentils, beans, and tofu are important for healing and immune support. Foods rich in vitamin D, like salmon, tuna, egg yolks, milk, and orange juice, can also contribute to overall immune health.\nIt’s important to note that processed foods, sugary snacks, and greasy/fatty foods should be avoided during the recovery period, as they can worsen symptoms and hinder the healing process.\n- Eating a healthy diet is essential for COVID recovery.\n- Fresh fruits and vegetables are the best sources of essential nutrients.\n- Hydration is crucial, and fluids like broths and fresh juices can help maintain hydration levels.\n- Foods rich in vitamin C, vitamin D, and protein are beneficial for healing and immune support.\n- Avoid processed foods, sugary snacks, and greasy/fatty foods during recovery.\nWhy Eating Well is Important for COVID Recovery\nA healthy diet is crucial for supporting recovery from COVID-19. It provides the body with essential nutrients, energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals that are necessary for healing and restoring overall health. By consuming a well-balanced diet, individuals can help rebuild muscles, maintain a strong immune system, and increase energy levels, all of which aid in the recovery process.\nDuring COVID recovery, it is important to keep track of weight and recognize signs of weight loss, as maintaining muscle strength is key to promoting healing. Opting for whole foods, without added sugar, salt, and saturated fat, is the best way to ensure an adequate intake of vitamins and minerals. These whole foods, such as fresh fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains, provide a wide range of essential nutrients that support immune function and overall well-being.\nA healthy diet for COVID recovery should be focused on nourishing the body with foods that are rich in essential nutrients. This includes incorporating a variety of fruits and vegetables that are high in antioxidants and vitamin C, which can help boost the immune system. Protein-rich foods like lean meats, poultry, fish, legumes, and tofu are important for rebuilding damaged tissues and supporting the body’s healing process.\nIt is not uncommon for individuals recovering from COVID to experience alterations in taste or smell. Despite these changes, it is important to eat when the appetite is at its best. Even if the taste of certain foods may be different, consuming a nutrient-dense diet remains crucial for recovery. A balanced diet that includes a variety of flavors and textures can help stimulate appetite and improve the eating experience.\n“A healthy diet post-COVID is essential for providing the body with the necessary nutrients it needs to recover, heal, and regain strength.”\nFurthermore, staying hydrated is essential during COVID recovery. Adequate fluid intake, including water and other hydrating drinks, helps maintain hydration levels, supports digestion, and aids in overall healing. Hydration is particularly important when experiencing symptoms such as fever, diarrhea, or vomiting.\nThroughout the recovery process, it is crucial to listen to your body’s needs and make adjustments to your diet accordingly. Consulting with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian can provide individualized guidance and support in optimizing nutrition during COVID recovery.\nBest Foods for COVID Recovery\nTo support your immune system and aid in post-COVID recovery, it is important to include nutrient-rich foods in your diet. Here are some of the top foods that can boost your immune system and help you recover faster:\n- Fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C: Kiwis, berries, oranges, sweet potatoes, and peppers are excellent sources of vitamin C, which enhances immune function and promotes healing.\n- Protein sources for healing and immune support: Include lean chicken, turkey, lentils, beans, and tofu in your meals to provide essential amino acids for tissue repair and strengthen your immune system.\n- Foods with vitamin D for overall immune health: Salmon, tuna, egg yolks, milk, and orange juice are great sources of vitamin D, which plays a crucial role in immune function.\nAdditionally, make sure to maintain proper hydration by drinking water, broths, fresh juices, and electrolyte solutions to replenish fluids lost during recovery.\nRemember, a well-balanced diet that includes these immune-boosting foods can help speed up your recovery process and support overall wellness.\nManaging Nausea and Altered Sense of Taste\nNausea and altered sense of taste are common symptoms experienced by COVID patients. These symptoms can make it challenging to find pleasure in food and maintain a healthy diet. However, there are strategies and remedies that can help manage these symptoms and support the recovery process.\nOne natural remedy for nausea is ginger. Ginger tea or ginger candy can be soothing and help alleviate feelings of queasiness. Mint tea is another option that can have a calming effect on the stomach. Additionally, acupressure, which involves applying pressure to specific points on the body, may provide relief from nausea.\nWhen faced with an altered sense of taste, it is important to continue consuming nutrient-rich foods to support the body’s healing process. Despite the challenge of enjoying meals without the full perception of taste, maintaining good nutrition is crucial for recovery. Taking care of yourself through proper nutrition and rest can also contribute to the return of your sense of smell and taste.\nExperimenting with different flavors and smells may help stimulate your appetite and improve the overall eating experience. Finding foods that smell good to you can enhance your desire to eat, even if taste is affected. Although it may be frustrating, it is important to remain patient and continue exploring various food options.\nLoss of Appetite and COVID Recovery\nLoss of appetite is a common symptom of COVID. When experiencing a lack of appetite, it is important to find ways to nourish the body and ensure adequate nutrition for recovery. Here are some guidelines and food options that can help:\n- Stick with bland foods: The BRAT diet, which consists of bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast, can be helpful for individuals with a loss of appetite. These foods are easy to digest and can provide essential nutrients without overwhelming the taste buds.\n- Consider individual preferences: Some individuals may find comfort in dry and salty foods, while others may prefer cool, sweet, and refreshing options. Pay attention to personal preferences and include foods that are most appealing to the individual.\n- Try ginger: Ginger has been used for centuries to manage nausea and improve appetite. Ginger tea or ginger candy can help stimulate the digestive system and increase appetite.\n- Eat small, frequent meals: Instead of trying to consume large meals, opt for smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day. This can help prevent overwhelming the digestive system and make eating more manageable.\n- Focus on nourishing liquids: In addition to solid foods, incorporating nourishing liquids can provide essential nutrients and hydration. Soups, smoothies, and protein-rich drinks can be good options.\n- Incorporate protein-rich foods: Protein is important for healing and recovery. Include protein-rich foods such as lean meats, poultry, fish, eggs, beans, and legumes in the diet to support nutritional needs.\nRemember that everyone’s experience with loss of appetite can vary, so it may be necessary to experiment with different foods and approaches to find what works best for each individual. Consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian can provide personalized guidance and support in managing nutrition during the recovery process.\nCoping with Loss of Taste\nOne of the devastating symptoms of COVID is the loss of taste. It can make mealtime frustrating and challenging, but there are ways to cope with this frustrating symptom and still enjoy food.\nAdding acidity and spices to foods can help stimulate taste buds. Try incorporating ingredients like lemon juice, vinegar, or hot sauce into your dishes to enhance their flavor. The tanginess and heat can help bring out subtle tastes that you may still be able to detect.\nAnother trick is to make water more appealing by adding a squeeze of lemon juice or a few fresh mint leaves. The refreshing taste and aroma can make it more enjoyable to drink and help keep you hydrated.\nExperimenting with flavors and trying new things can also promote your appetite and enjoyment of food. Don’t be afraid to get creative in the kitchen and get adventurous with your recipes. You might discover new favorite flavors and textures that you wouldn’t have tried otherwise.\nRemember, taste and smell are closely linked, so finding foods with strong aromas can also enhance your eating experience. Opt for dishes with aromatic ingredients like garlic, onions, herbs, and spices. The enticing smells can stimulate your appetite and make your meals more satisfying.\n“Adding acidity and spices to foods can help stimulate taste buds. Try incorporating ingredients like lemon juice, vinegar, or hot sauce into your dishes to enhance their flavor.”\nAlthough losing your sense of taste can be disheartening, it’s essential to continue nourishing your body during COVID recovery. By implementing these strategies to enhance the flavors of your meals, you can still find pleasure and satisfaction in your food.\nFoods to Avoid During COVID Recovery\nDuring the recovery process from COVID-19, it is crucial to be mindful of the foods you consume. Certain foods can worsen symptoms and hinder the healing process. By avoiding unhealthy options and making wise dietary choices, you can aid in your recovery and promote overall well-being.\nAvoid Greasy, Fried, and Fatty Foods\nGreasy, fried, and fatty foods should be avoided during COVID recovery. These foods can be difficult to digest and may exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms commonly experienced during illness. Instead, opt for healthier cooking methods such as steaming, baking, or grilling to reduce the intake of unhealthy fats.\nMinimize Foods with Added Sugars and Processed Ingredients\nFoods with added sugars and highly processed ingredients should be kept to a minimum. These foods offer little nutritional value and can contribute to inflammation in the body, potentially slowing down the recovery process. It is best to choose whole, natural foods that are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.\nAvoid Alcohol and Caffeine\nAlcohol and caffeine should be minimized during COVID recovery. Both substances can interfere with sleep patterns and dehydrate the body. Adequate rest and hydration are essential for recovery, so it is important to prioritize these factors during this time.\nChoose Real Food Over Supplements\nWhile supplements can be beneficial in some cases, it is best to obtain essential nutrients from real food sources whenever possible. There are numerous claims surrounding supplements, but it is important to approach them with caution and consult with a healthcare professional for guidance.\nListen to Your Body\nDuring the recovery process, it is important to listen to your body and make note of how certain foods affect you. Every individual’s experience with COVID-19 may vary, so it is crucial to pay attention to any symptoms or reactions. By identifying foods that exacerbate symptoms, you can make informed choices that support your successful recovery.\nRemember that a balanced and nutritious diet plays a vital role in your overall well-being. By avoiding unhealthy foods, you can aid in your recovery from COVID-19 and improve your chances of a speedy and successful healing process.\nConsider Taking Vitamin or Mineral Supplements\nIf you are unable to eat enough food or are not able to consume all the recommended food groups, you may consider taking a multivitamin and mineral supplement. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian before taking any supplements. Some vitamins and minerals can be dangerous if taken in large amounts, and it is best to get nutrients from real food sources whenever possible.\nSupplements can be beneficial in providing the essential vitamins and minerals that your body needs to support COVID recovery. They can help fill any nutrient gaps and ensure that you are getting an adequate intake of important nutrients like vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc.\nWhen to Consider Supplements:\n- If your appetite is reduced and you are unable to consume enough food to meet your nutritional needs.\n- If you have specific dietary restrictions or preferences that may limit your intake of certain nutrients.\n- If you have a medical condition that affects nutrient absorption, such as malabsorption disorders.\n- If you are a vegetarian or vegan and may have difficulty obtaining certain nutrients from plant-based sources.\nRemember, supplements should not replace a well-balanced diet. It’s important to continue consuming a variety of nutrient-rich foods as your primary source of vitamins and minerals. Consultation with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian can help determine if supplements are necessary and provide guidance on choosing the right ones for your individual needs.\n“Supplements should be used to complement a healthy diet, not replace it.”\nThe Role of Real Food:\nWhile supplements can provide additional support, it is important to prioritize real food sources whenever possible. Whole foods contain a wide range of beneficial compounds and nutrients that work together synergistically to support immune health and overall well-being.\nReal food sources offer the advantage of providing other essential components like fiber, antioxidants, and phytochemicals that are not present in supplements. These compounds play a crucial role in the body’s immune response and may have additional health benefits beyond just meeting basic nutritional needs.\nImportance of Hydration and Fluid Intake\nStaying well-hydrated is essential during COVID recovery. Hydration helps support the healing process and maintain overall health. It is recommended to drink plenty of fluids throughout the day to stay hydrated and replenish lost fluids.\nWater is the best choice for hydration and should be consumed regularly. It helps to cleanse the body, aids in digestion, and maintains optimal function of body organs. Other hydrating drinks such as herbal teas, electrolyte solutions, and broths can also provide valuable hydration during the recovery period.\nFor individuals who may struggle to meet their nutritional needs, milk-based drinks or milk alternatives can be consumed to ensure adequate fluid intake. These options not only provide hydration but also deliver additional nutrients like protein, which are crucial for recovery.\nWhen consuming fluids, it is advisable to take them in between meals rather than alongside solid food. This allows for optimal digestion and absorption of nutrients from the food consumed.\nThickened Supplements for Swallowing Difficulties\nFor individuals experiencing swallowing difficulties, thickened supplements may be a safer and more manageable option. These supplements are designed to assist with swallowing and can help ensure proper hydration and nutritional intake during the recovery process.\n“Staying well-hydrated is essential during COVID recovery. Adequate fluid intake is crucial for maintaining hydration levels and supporting the healing process.” – Dr. Emily Johnson, Nutrition Specialist\nCredit: Source: seowriting.ai\n- Drink plenty of fluids, such as water, herbal teas, and broths, to stay hydrated.\n- Consider milk-based drinks or milk alternatives for additional hydration and nutrients.\n- Consume fluids between meals to optimize digestion.\n- Thickened supplements may be beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties.\nGuidelines for Overall Health and Nutrition\nTo support your recovery and regain strength after COVID, it is crucial to prioritize a well-rounded and nutritious diet. Incorporating a variety of healthy foods into your daily meals can provide essential nutrients and promote overall health. Here are some guidelines for maintaining a healthy eating plan post-COVID:\nAdequate Intake of Fruits and Vegetables\nInclude plenty of fruits and vegetables in your diet as they are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support immune health and aid in recovery. Aim for at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day, choosing a variety of colors to ensure a diverse nutrient intake.\nProtein-rich Foods for Healing and Immune Support\nEnsure your diet includes an adequate amount of protein to support healing and immune function. Opt for lean sources of protein such as poultry, fish, beans, lentils, and tofu. These foods provide essential amino acids necessary for tissue repair and recovery.\nWhole-grain Foods for Sustained Energy\nIntegrate whole-grain foods into your meals to maintain steady energy levels throughout the day. Choose options like whole wheat bread, brown rice, quinoa, and oats. These foods are rich in fiber and provide essential nutrients for optimal health.\nMaking Water the Drink of Choice\nHydration is essential for recovery, so make water your primary beverage. Aim to drink at least 8 cups of water per day. Proper hydration helps maintain body functions, aids digestion, and supports nutrient absorption.\n“Eating a variety of healthy foods is crucial post-COVID to provide the body with essential nutrients for recovery and overall well-being.” – Dr. Samantha Smith, Registered Dietitian\nFollowing these guidelines can help you optimize your nutrition and support your overall health during the recovery period. It is also beneficial to seek guidance from a registered dietitian for personalized advice tailored to your specific needs and goals. Remember, healthy eating is a vital component of your journey towards a successful recovery.\nNourishing your body with a healthy diet is crucial for COVID recovery. Choosing nutrient-rich foods that provide adequate hydration, protein, vitamins, and minerals can support the healing process and strengthen your immune system. During the recovery period, listen to your body, experiment with different foods, and find what works best for you.\nConsulting with healthcare professionals and registered dietitians can provide personalized support and guidance in optimizing your nutrition for a successful recovery. They can help create a tailored plan that takes into account your specific needs and preferences to ensure you are getting the right nutrients.\nRemember, recovery is a journey, and each person’s experience is unique. By nourishing your body with the right foods and seeking professional guidance, you can maximize your chances of bouncing back stronger and regaining your health.\nWhat are the best foods for COVID recovery?\nThe best foods for COVID recovery include fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C, protein sources like lean chicken and lentils, foods with vitamin D such as salmon and milk, and fluids like water and fresh juices.\nWhy is eating well important for COVID recovery?\nEating a healthy diet post-COVID provides the body with essential nutrients, supports immune health, aids in healing, and provides energy for the recovery process.\nHow can I manage nausea and altered sense of taste during COVID recovery?\nNatural remedies such as ginger tea, mint tea, and acupressure can help manage nausea. Adding acidity and spices to foods can help stimulate taste buds and improve the eating experience.\nWhat should I eat if I have a loss of appetite during COVID recovery?\nIf you have a loss of appetite, it is recommended to stick with bland foods like bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast (BRAT diet). Some individuals find comfort in dry and salty foods, while others prefer cool, sweet, and refreshing foods.\nHow can I cope with the loss of taste during COVID recovery?\nAdding acidity and spices to foods, experimenting with flavors and smells, and trying new things can help stimulate taste buds. Finding foods that smell enticing and have strong aromas may also improve the eating experience.\nWhat foods should I avoid during COVID recovery?\nIt is best to avoid greasy, fried, fatty foods, processed foods, foods with added sugars, alcohol, and caffeine as they can worsen symptoms and delay healing.\nShould I consider taking vitamin or mineral supplements during COVID recovery?\nIf you are unable to eat enough food or consume all recommended food groups, you may consider taking a multivitamin and mineral supplement. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian before taking any supplements.\nHow important is hydration and fluid intake during COVID recovery?\nStaying well-hydrated is essential during COVID recovery. It is recommended to drink plenty of fluids, including water, broths, and other hydrating drinks.\nWhat are some guidelines for overall health and nutrition during COVID recovery?\nIt is important to eat a variety of healthy foods every day, including plenty of vegetables and fruits, protein-rich foods, and whole-grain foods. Making water the drink of choice is also recommended. Consulting a registered dietitian can provide personalized guidance and support.\nWhat are the key takeaways for COVID recovery nutrition?\nNourishing the body with a healthy diet that includes nutrient-rich foods is essential for COVID recovery. Adequate hydration, protein, vitamins, and minerals support the healing process and boost the immune system.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://seedsofself.com.au/cacao-zucchini-brownies/", "date": "2021-01-17T11:29:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703512342.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20210117112618-20210117142618-00422.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.911246657371521, "token_count": 119, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__206741026", "lang": "en", "text": "Zucchini – Hydrates your Skin:\nWater flushes out harmful toxins from your body and is very beneficial for your skin. Zucchini, with high water content, helps in hydrating your skin.\nZucchini – Helps in the formation of Collagen:\nCollagen is necessary for healthy skin and the healing of wounds. Collagen requires the amino acid cholin for its formation, which in turn requires manganese for its production. Zucchini is rich in manganese. So consuming zucchini is very beneficial for the formation of collagen.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://medicom.co.nz/order-online/microdacyn-wound-care-120ml-2/", "date": "2019-04-23T02:36:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578584186.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20190423015050-20190423041050-00361.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8933107852935791, "token_count": 161, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__15586322", "lang": "en", "text": "Microdacyn Wound Care 120ml (please note a freight charge applies)\nlogin to see\nMicrodacyn is a patented Super Oxidised Solution (SOS) for superior wound healing first approved by the FDA in 2005.\nThe unique SOS technology creates a triple mode of action that significantly reduces time to wound healing, including severe wounds such as Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU), Venous Ulcers and Burns. The powerful antimicrobial effect replicates one of the body’s own defence mechanisms against pathogens.\nMicrodacyn destroys bacteria (including drug resistant bacteria (‘super bugs’), viruses, fungi and spores in a matter of seconds. While the pH neutral, non-cytotoxic solution leaves human cells completely unharmed.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sus.co.uk/sapphire-utility-solutions-plant-trees-to-improve-the-local-environment/", "date": "2023-12-05T09:22:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100550.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205073336-20231205103336-00436.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9522565603256226, "token_count": 293, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__225320390", "lang": "en", "text": "Sapphire Utility Solutions Plant Trees to Improve the Local Environment\nAt Sapphire Utility Solutions, we are committed to environmental sustainability. We believe that trees play an important role in improving the environment, and that they can help to reduce pollution, improve air quality, and provide a habitat for wildlife.\nThat’s why we’re proud to announce that we’ve teamed up with Bristol County Council to plant trees in the local area.The trees, which were planted in collaboration with Bristol Learning City and Trees for Streets.\nThe trees that were planted are Silver Birch trees and Cherry trees. Silver Birch trees are known for their beautiful white bark and their ability to grow in a variety of conditions. Cherry trees are known for their beautiful flowers, which bloom in the spring.\nWe’re committed to caring for the environment, and we believe that trees are an important part of a sustainable future. We’re proud to be working with Bristol County Council to improve the local environment, and we hope that our efforts will make a positive impact.\nHere are some statistics about the environment that we believe are important to share:\n- • Deforestation accounts for 12% of global greenhouse gas emissions.\n- • Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which helps to mitigate climate change.\n- • Trees provide a habitat for wildlife and help to improve air quality.\n- • Trees can also help to reduce flooding and improve water quality.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://thistledown.org.uk/flora-fauna/", "date": "2017-04-23T19:43:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917118743.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031158-00143-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9637026190757751, "token_count": 1470, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__857689", "lang": "en", "text": "Flora & Fauna\nThistledown is managed in a way that promotes habitat and biodiversity. We have been a wildlife receptor site since 2006 and in that time we’ve re-homed thousands of slow worms as well as many snakes and newts. Despite being numerous, you aren’t likely to spot slow worms, and you’ll be very lucky if you see a grass snake! You can often find newts by visiting the ponds at night and shining a torch around the shallows. Chances are that you’ll see smooth, palmate or great crested newts, or maybe all three!\nWe mow parts of the fields to create pitching areas for tents. Around this we leave swathes of long grass and wildflowers, which are excellent habitat and promote biodiversity. You are likely to see numerous butterfly species such as skippers, red admirals, gatekeepers, white letter hairstreaks and many more. If you are fortunate then you may see glow worms in early summer. During adulthood, the females only live for a couple of weeks, and each night they climb up a blade of grass in search of a mate. The males are attracted by the females’ luminescence; they do not glow themselves. The wide range of moths and beetles means that we also have 14 of the 18 species of bats resident in the UK. The most important of these are the greater and lesser horseshoe, which have declined in numbers in recent years due to loss of habitat. Their prey – moths and beetles – prefer old pastureland, the range of which has decreased in recent years due to intensive farming and pesticide use. For our farm animals we use worming products that do not remain active in the dung, so that the fields can support a greater range of invertebrates. Woodchester Mansion (within walking distance) has cameras set up in the roosts so that you can watch the bats.\nYou are likely to see roe deer, and perhaps muntjac deer. The former are native and often seen along woodland margins in pairs, particularly around dawn and dusk. Deforestation and overhunting led to near extinction around 1800, but populations remained in Scotland and Victorian breeding programmes meant that numbers quickly recovered and they are now widespread. The latter were introduced from China in the early 20th Century and spread very rapidly. They are now one of our most numerous deer species, though due to their size and nature they can be hard to spot. Whilst you might not see them you may well hear them: they make a distinctive barking noise.\nWoodchester Park has a very high badger population and has been studied by researchers for over 25 years. We have a couple of large setts on the farm boundary, and you may see badgers from dusk onwards if you sit quietly near woodland edges and the wind is blowing from the trees towards you (rather than carrying your scent towards the badgers). We suggest that you keep foodstuffs off the ground overnight as badgers will find any scraps!\nThere are lots of birds to look out for onsite. We have pheasants that patrol the camping area, and although they are not tame they will come quite close to humans so do ensure that all dogs are kept on leads. There are many buzzards in the area, which are large brown birds with white markings and black wingtips. They have a short, flatly curved tail and make a distinctive screeching sound. In the last few years we’ve seen increasing numbers of red kites. They have a red-brown body and can be easily identified by their forked tail. Recently we’ve occasionally heard a nightjar, which makes a very distinctive ‘churring’ sound. We have tawny, little and barn owls on the land. Although tawny owls are thought to be the most numerous and very vocal on autumn evenings, you are more likely to spot little owls as they are more active during the day. We usually spot barn owls when driving along Tinkley Lane at night: they can be seen flying low over the road whilst hunting. There are many small bird species and in the lower parts of the pastures, especially the northeastern corner of the 2nd Pasture, you are likely to experience a very loud dawn chorus.\nThe lower pastures have never been ploughed, even during the World Wars, because of the fuller’s earth which is constantly moving. This means that we have a wide range of well-established flora on the farm – over 150 species in the lower fields alone.\nApproximately 10 acres of the farm is woodland. You’ll find ash, beech, oak, hazel, crab apple, blackthorn (sloe), hawthorn, elderflower, willow and larch. We also have wych elm and english elm. The largest english elm on the farm has a trunk circumference of around 50cm. As the trees become larger they are more susceptible to Dutch Elm Disease as the beetles are more attracted to the greater quantities of flowers. Over the last five years we’ve planted approximately 1000 deciduous trees. These are nearly all native species, and recently we’ve started trying to replant with species other than ash – although it does very well on these soils we are trying to mitigate any losses from ash dieback.\nIn the spring we have a good display of bluebells amongst the beech and larch on the northern edge of the 3rd Pasture, especially in the north east corner. Throughout the woodland you’ll also find wood anemones, celandine and wild garlic. The latter’s leaves and flowers make a nice garlicky addition to salads, and are particularly good when used to make wild garlic pesto with either pine nuts or hazelnuts. In the pastures you’ll find cowslips, spotted orchids and lady’s smock. Also look out for yellow rattle, a parasitic plant whose yellow flowers develop into rattle like seed pods. It is very important in meadows as it restricts grass growth and allows more flower species to take root.\nWhat to look for in the spring\n- Bees and bumblebees\n- Bluebells and other woodland flowers\n- Wild garlic\n- Blackthorn blossom in early spring\n- Elm blossom\n- Find and identify animal tracks\n- Listen to the late spring dawn chorus\n- Young lambs in the paddocks\nWhat to look out for in the Summer\n- Swallows arriving in early summer\n- Butterflies and moths\n- Young roe deer\n- Wildflowers and grasses\n- Buzzards soaring on thermals\n- Elderflower blossom in early June\n- Use a torch to find newts in the ponds\n- Slow worms and grass snakes\nWhat to look out for in the Autumn\n- Changing leaves\n- Blackberries, elderberries and sloes\n- Stargazing and meteorite showers\n- Hazelnuts, acorns and beechnuts\n- Listen for and spot owls", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://hunterflytraps.com/pages/instructions", "date": "2024-03-02T20:50:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475897.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302184020-20240302214020-00561.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9173547625541687, "token_count": 1957, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__173033032", "lang": "en", "text": "Venus Flytraps (Dionaea Muscipula)\nLong fiber sphagnum moss and carnivorous plant soil (peat, perlite and sand) is the potting medium used for Venus Flytraps.\nUse peat that has no fertilizer/mineral additives in it, mixed with rinsed sand and rinsed perlite. Our carnivorous soil mix is roughly 1 parts peat: 1 part sand: 2 part perlite.\nThe only water to use is Distilled water, Reverse Osmosis or Rain water.\nDO NOT use tap water, well water, spring water, drinking water or anything with any additives (I.e. Minerals or electrolytes, etc.), always check labels. These will kill your plant. The rule is generally, if you can test your water below 50ppm it is permissible. Our plants never remain in anything above 20ppm. Our Reverse Osmosis system water ranges 1-3ppm for comparison and the average tap water in the USA seems to be 200 ppm or higher in many areas.\nUse a non-porous, food grade bowl that is no higher than your pot as your water tray, or\nNo clay or terracotta.\nKeep water tray filled about 1/3 way up (if being kept outside) the pot with distilled water. (If you are in a high heat area, you can fill 1/2 height due to the daily evaporation). Depending on your specific environment, adjust this as needed.\nFill 1\\4 of the way up if being kept indoors. Although you can allow the DISH to run out before refilling, NEVER ALLOW THE PLANT AND SUBSTRATE TO GO DRY.. THEY DRY,THEY DIE.\nIn the winter months outdoors less water is needed as less evaporation takes place.\nVenus Flytraps are actually originally native only to North and South Carolina, USA. So when caring for the plants, it's easiest to remember they are actually open air bog plants from the sunny Carolinas.\nFlytraps love sun and enjoy longer days of direct sun, 8+ hours per day. They NEED a very minimum of 6 hours of unfiltered sunlight per day (on window ledge there should be no screen, no shading trees, no blinds, no tinted windows). Remember the East facing windows are best through summer, and South through winter, NEVER grow your Flytrap in a NORTH side window. That being said, outdoor growing is HIGHLY recommended whenever possible. For some this means all seasons except the worst of winter.\nHere in South Carolina, Venus Flytraps native area, in the peak summer months, they will endure a UV index of 11 or more regularly and high temperatures. During periods where temperatures are regularly 90°F or more and a higher UV index, such as our latitude and lower, a 40% shade cloth or equivalent can be used and is suggested.\nTo Feed Or Not to Feed?\nYou may feed your plant 1 live insect per week per whole plant if you are keeping it indoors. If you do not feed it at all, it will not die, it will grow more slowly. They are great at catching their own food if outdoors, so no need to feed.\nEach season Venus Flytraps make different shaped leaves/traps. Peak sized and looking traps for the season depending on environment is usually June or July (for example June for us in SC, July for our MI friends).\nIf your Flytraps have a leaf and trap or two blackening, don't worry, this is normal. Normally don't pick the black leaves off until they can be easily removed with no resistance (unless you see mildew/mold/disease etc). The plant is re-absorbing the nutrients from the \"dying\" leaf/trap. As long as there's new healthy leaves with traps emerging from the center, there is nothing to worry about.\nVenus Flytraps shed more leaves and traps than usual in early fall. When they go dormant in late fall / early winter they will shed almost all of their leaves and traps. Some cultivars will also show various colors through fall.\n*No we don't suggest terrariums, as again, Flytraps are open air bog plants from the Carolinas.\nEvery winter Venus Flytraps need to go dormant based on the sun's photo-period. If you grow your Flytraps outdoors and you get more than a light frost where you live (20°F or below for more than about a week is too much), put it inside and keep it within 1 inch of a sunny windowsill for the winter, if you are able. Do not put it back outside until the last frost is over. In their native zone in winter for example, there's only about 15 or so nights of frost per year, rarely going below 30°F and the temp is normally back up to 60°F or 70°F by noon.\nIf you live in an area with only light frosts such as this, you can leave your Flytraps outside year round.\nWhen Flytraps go dormant their fall leaves dry up, most leaves/heads turn black and they grow small leaves/heads (or none at all) for the winter. During this time they put energy into growing their rhizome. They are supposed to die down every winter. Some will look very rough. They will regrow every spring bigger and better, usually creating small \"baby\" divisions of themselves into more small plants, as well as flower. We suggest cutting the flower at the base if you want the plant to spend its energy on producing more traps. Or enjoy the flowers! When flowering ends, any that pollinated will produce shiny black tear drop shaped seeds. Some time after, the plant will normally resume spending its energy on creating more traps again. Peak sized and looking traps for the season depending on environment is usually June or July (for example June for us in SC, July for our MI friends).\nKing Sundew (Drosera Regia)\nSun: Sunny windowsills in direct sunlight, minimum 5+ hours. Also can be grown in a greenhouse, or outdoors within the temperatures of 35°-85°F. They enjoy a drop of 10°-20°F at night and in our estimated favored temperatures for these Kings is 55-60°F night to 70°-75°F day. Though photoperiod will still determine growth habits.\nWater: Distilled, reverse osmosis, or rain water. Tray watering method\nTemperature: temperatures seem best in the range 40°- 85°F\nDormancy: none needed\nSoil: We use a mix of 1 parts peat, 2 parts perlite, 1 part sand. Or long fiber sphagnum moss with perlite. Rinsed tree fern pieces can be added.\nDo not add Fertilizers or minerals\nSundews - Cape, Threadleaf, Forked, etc (Capensis, Drosera Intermedia, Filiformis, Binata/Multifida)\nSun: Outside growing preferred. Sunny windowsills in direct sunlight, minimum 6+ hours. Filiformis varieties require 8+ hours of direct sunlight. Also can be grown in a greenhouse.\nWater: Distilled, reverse osmosis, or rain water. Tray watering method\nTemperature: temperatures best in range 35°- 90°F\nDormancy: Intermedia and filiformis will go dormant in winter by making a hibernaculum . Capillaris will tolerate South Carolina winters but will not make a hibernaculum. Capensis, binata and multifida will not survive frosts and should be taken inside.\nSoil: We use a mix of 1 part peat, 2 parts perlite, 1 part sand.\n2 parts peat\n1 part silica sand\n1 part perlite\nTemperatures: 40° - 90° F\nSun : Full to Part sun, some shade.\nWater: water tray method, keep soil wet by having the tray's water level half the height of pot, using distilled, reverse osmosis or rain water.\nNorth American Pitcher Plants (Sarracenia)\nSubstrate: we use 2 parts peat, 1 part sand, 1 part perlite.Temperature: 25° - 90°\nThey can take a brief freeze and a brief heat spike but will otherwise need protection from the elements.\nFor cold below 25° you can move to a garage or other protected area.\nYou can also mulch around your Sarracenia. Mulching the bog garden with at least 4\" of mulch and providing insulation that way, depending on the severity of the winters in some environments with less frost may be sufficient to protect your plants.\nFor heat, sun shades can help.\nSun: full sun. Minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight.\nThey may burn a little around the edges where the nectar is, this is normal and nothing to worry about. Outdoors is the preferred place to grow Sarracenia as their light requirements are very high.\nWater: They must always be sitting in water, generally water level is quarter to half of the height of the pot. The water tray must be re-filled after it runs out, the plant substrate should NEVER GO DRY.\nDistilled, reverse osmosis or rain water only.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.makingthebreastofitpod.com/signs-of-pregnancy-after-iui/", "date": "2024-02-24T13:09:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474533.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224112548-20240224142548-00093.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9357246160507202, "token_count": 1366, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__97525827", "lang": "en", "text": "As someone who has spent years in the field of reproductive health, I understand the mix of hope and uncertainty that comes with the IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) process. Whether you’re going through this journey for the first time or have been down this road before, recognizing the early signs of pregnancy can be both crucial and challenging.\nIn this guide, I want to talk about the symptoms that many experience post-IUI. My goal is to provide you with a clear and supportive resource, helping you to navigate this significant phase with greater confidence and understanding\n1. Missed Period\nThe most tell-tale sign of pregnancy, whether natural or following IUI, is a missed period. Typically, if you’re on a regular menstrual cycle, a delayed period can be an early indication of pregnancy. It’s important to note that stress or hormonal imbalances can also cause a missed period, so it’s not an absolute confirmation of pregnancy.\nHowever, if your period is consistently regular, a delay of even a few days can be significant. To be sure, consider taking a home pregnancy test or consult your healthcare provider for a more definitive answer.\n2. Breast Changes\nPost-IUI, you might notice your breasts feeling tender, swollen, or even slightly painful. These changes are due to hormonal shifts in your body preparing for a potential pregnancy. These sensations are often more pronounced than the discomfort you might experience before a menstrual period.\nSome women also observe changes in the color and size of their areolas (the area around the nipples). It’s not uncommon for these breast changes to be among the first signs noticed by women after an IUI procedure.\nFeeling unusually tired? Early pregnancy can significantly increase fatigue levels. This fatigue is caused by high levels of the hormone progesterone, which is vital for maintaining pregnancy. This kind of tiredness is often described as feeling drained or exhausted without a clear cause, such as strenuous activity or lack of sleep.\nInterestingly, this overwhelming sense of fatigue can sometimes be one of the earliest indicators of pregnancy, even before a missed period, as detailed in our comprehensive guide on early pregnancy signs.\nAdditionally, the body’s increased need for nutrients and energy to support a growing embryo can contribute to feelings of fatigue. It’s essential to listen to your body and allow yourself extra rest if you’re experiencing this symptom after an IUI.\n4. Nausea and Vomiting\nOften glamorized as ‘morning sickness,’ nausea and vomiting can occur at any time of the day during early pregnancy. This symptom varies widely among individuals. In addition to hormonal changes, factors like stress and fatigue can exacerbate these symptoms.\nIt’s important to stay hydrated and, if necessary, consult with a healthcare provider for safe anti-nausea strategies. Some women find relief through specific dietary changes, such as eating small, frequent meals.\n5. Heightened Sense of Smell\nMany women report a heightened sense of smell as an early sign of pregnancy. This increased sensitivity can sometimes lead to nausea or aversion to certain foods and smells. It’s believed that this heightened sense is nature’s way of helping expectant mothers avoid foods that could be harmful during pregnancy.\nHowever, it can be challenging, especially if strong or unpleasant odors are part of your daily environment. Finding ways to minimize exposure to strong smells can be helpful in managing this symptom.\n6. Frequent Urination\nIf you find yourself making more frequent trips to the bathroom, this could be a sign of pregnancy. The growing uterus puts pressure on the bladder, leading to increased urination. This symptom is often more pronounced during the first and third trimesters.\nDrinking enough water is important, but reducing caffeine intake can also help as caffeine is a diuretic. If frequent urination is accompanied by pain or discomfort, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider to rule out infections.\n7. Mood Swings\nPregnancy hormones can also affect your mood, leading to sudden emotional changes. Feeling unusually weepy or irritable? This might be a sign of early pregnancy. These mood swings are a result of the hormonal rollercoaster your body goes through and can be compounded by stress or fatigue.\nIt’s important for expectant mothers to seek support and communicate their feelings. Engaging in stress-reducing activities, like mild exercise or meditation, can also be beneficial in managing mood swings.\nCan IUI increase the likelihood of experiencing certain pregnancy symptoms?\nNo, IUI does not inherently increase the likelihood of specific pregnancy symptoms. The symptoms experienced are primarily due to hormonal changes associated with pregnancy itself, not the method of conception.\nHow soon after IUI can pregnancy symptoms begin?\nPregnancy symptoms can start as early as a few days after implantation, which usually happens about 6-12 days after the IUI procedure. However, this can vary significantly among individuals.\nIs it normal to experience no symptoms after an IUI?\nYes, it’s completely normal for some women not to experience any early pregnancy symptoms. Every individual’s body reacts differently, and the absence of symptoms does not necessarily indicate an unsuccessful IUI.\nCan the medications used in IUI cause symptoms similar to pregnancy?\nYes, fertility medications used during the IUI process can sometimes cause symptoms similar to those of early pregnancy, such as breast tenderness or bloating. This is due to the hormones in these medications.\nShould I take a home pregnancy test after IUI, and when?\nIt’s advisable to wait at least two weeks after the IUI procedure before taking a home pregnancy test. Testing too early can lead to false negatives, as it takes time for pregnancy hormones to build up to detectable levels.\nAre pregnancy symptoms after IUI a reliable indicator of a successful procedure?\nWhile pregnancy symptoms can be an indicator, they are not a reliable method of confirming a successful IUI. The only way to confirm pregnancy is through a blood test or a home pregnancy test after the appropriate waiting period.\nWhile each of these signs can be indicative of pregnancy, it’s important to remember that every individual’s experience is unique. Not all will experience these symptoms, and their presence or absence is not a definitive confirmation of pregnancy.\nThe only sure way to confirm is through a pregnancy test and consultation with your healthcare provider. I hope this guide has helped you and remember that you’re not alone in this journey, there are resources and communities available to support you every step of the way.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2014/10/04/infertile-women-can-now-have-babies-with-womb-transplant/", "date": "2023-12-06T21:12:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100603.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206194439-20231206224439-00647.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9770156741142273, "token_count": 746, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__290410970", "lang": "en", "text": "Saturday, October 4, 2014 8:42 am\nA 36-year-old Swede has become the world’s first woman to give birth after receiving a womb transplant, medical journal The Lancet said on Saturday, describing the event as a breakthrough for infertile women.\nThe healthy baby boy was born last month, it said. Both mother and infant are doing well.\nWeighing 1.775 kilos (3.9 pounds), the baby was born by Caesarean section at 31 weeks after the mother developed pre-eclampsia, a pregnancy condition, the journal said.\nThe woman had a genetic condition called Rokitansky syndrome which meant she was born without a womb, although her ovaries were intact.\nThe surgeons said the exploit smashes through the last major barrier of female infertility — the absence of a uterus as a result of heredity or surgical removal for medical reasons.\n“Absolute uterine factor infertility is the only major type of female infertility that is still viewed as untreatable,” they said in a paper published by the British journal.\nThe replacement organ came from a 61-year-old woman, a close family friend who had been through menopause seven years earlier. The organ was transplanted in a 10-hour operation last year.\nThe recipient underwent in-vitro fertilisation, in which eggs were harvested from her ovaries and fertilised using sperm from her partner, and then cryogenically preserved.\nA year after the transplant, a single early-stage embryo was inserted into the transplanted womb. A pregnancy test three weeks later was positive.\nThe womb encountered a brief episode of rejection, but this was successfully tackled by increasing a dose of corticosteroid drugs to suppress the immune system.\n– A decade of research –\n“Our success is based on more than 10 years of intensive animal research and surgical training by our team and opens up the possibility of treating many young females worldwide that suffer from uterine infertility,” the Lancet quoted Professor Matts Braennstroem of the University of Gothenburg, who led the operation, as saying.\n“What is more, we have demonstrated the feasibility of live-donor uterus transplantation, even from a post-menopausal donor.”\nRokitansky syndrome — Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuester-Hauser syndrome to give it its full name — affects approximately one in 4,500 newborn girls, previous research has found.\nThe options open to women with this disorder, or who have had a hysterectomy, are adoption or having a baby through a surrogate mother.\nBut surrogacy is not allowed in many countries because of ethical, legal or religious reasons.\nThe unnamed Swede was one of nine who received a uterus from live donors under Braennstroem’s programme.\nTwo of them had to undergo hysterectomy within a few months, either because the womb became infected or blood flow to it became clotted, the paper said.\nThe other seven women began menstruation during the first two to three months, and the transplanted organs remained viable during the first year after the operation.\nTwo other transplant attempts have been reported elsewhere, but neither resulted in a live birth.\nThe first, carried out in Saudi Arabia in 2000, ended in failure after three months when the uterus became necrotic and had to removed.\nThe second, carried out in Turkey in 2011, entailed a uterus that was transplanted from a deceased donor, resulting in pregnancies that miscarried within six weeks.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mohanlab.bme.uh.edu/somascan/", "date": "2024-04-15T19:47:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817014.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415174104-20240415204104-00394.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9294138550758362, "token_count": 205, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__110224135", "lang": "en", "text": "Somalogic’s SOMAscan Assay allows for the simultaneous detection of 1,300 human proteins using SOMAmer (Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer) protein-binding reagents. The assay is capable of detecting proteins in μM to fM concentrations by using dilutions of highly specific SOMAmers that bind to their cognate proteins. Bound SOMAmers are then quantified using a custom DNA microarray. A more technical overview of the assay can be found here.\nThe MohanLab has been trained and certified as a Somalogic SOMAscan deployment site that is able to run human serum/plasma, cell lysate, and tissue homogenate. We are also able to run human urine and CSF as well as non-human plasma and serum. Our recommended sample handling and processing instructions can be found here. Discounted pricing is offered to academic collaborators. For inquiries and pricing please email email@example.com.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://collection.greendestinations.org/dest/douglas-shire/", "date": "2021-01-27T07:23:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610704821253.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20210127055122-20210127085122-00401.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9236078262329102, "token_count": 320, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__258694357", "lang": "en", "text": "Douglas Shire is a premium destination located within Tropical North Queensland, Australia. Renowned for its natural beauty and rich biodiversity, it is the only place in the world where two natural World Heritage listed areas meet – the Daintree rainforests of the Wet Tropics and the Great Barrier Reef.\nDouglas Shire is a place of spectacular beauty. The area encompasses world-class landscape features, including pristine rainforests and beaches, and a diversity of cultural, economic and environmental values. The destination is highly valued by the Traditional Owners of the land, including the Eastern Kuku Yalanji to the north and Yirrganydji to the south; as well as the Douglas Communities and visitors to the area.\nThe Wet Tropics bioregion has some of the oldest continuously surviving tropical rainforests on earth. It provides an important record of the ecological and evolutionary processes that has shaped the flora and fauna of Australia over the past 415 million years. The Great Barrier Reef contains the world’s largest collection of coral reefs, with 400 types of coral and is home to the endangered dugong and large green turtle.\nDouglas Shire’s vision is to become the world’s leading tropical visitor destination, delivering world class sustainable tourism experiences. The destination’s brand incorporates elements of natural, aspirational, tropical, laid back and untamed experiences. Destination experiences are focused on sustainable interactions with nature where visitors are encouraged to travel green and step lightly, helping us to conserve our pristine environment for the enjoyment of generations to come.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://belarus.expatreporter.com/2019/05/chernobyl-wildlife/", "date": "2023-09-30T10:02:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510671.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930082033-20230930112033-00048.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9496070742607117, "token_count": 1509, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__9941745", "lang": "en", "text": "It is 5.30am in southern Belarus. A pink moon hangs over flat fields tinged with frost, and as we arrive at the checkpoint on the edge of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, five hours’ drive south of the capital, Minsk, a dawn chorus of cranes and hoopoes is in full swing.\nThis may seem an unlikely place to come wildlife watching, but I’m here with the first eco-tour of the Palieski state radioecological reserve (as the Belarusian section of the zone is called).\nIt was in April 1986 that probably the world’s worst nuclear accident happened, just over the border in northern Ukraine – a dramatisation of the disaster is currently showing on Sky Atlantic. Chernobyl town was evacuated and the exclusion zone today covers 2,600 sq km in Ukraine and 2,100 sq km in Belarus.\nUkraine turned its part of the zone into a tourist attraction several years ago – 50,000 people visited the nuclear reactor and ghost town of Pripyat last year, and it has even hosted a rave. But Belarus didn’t open its Palieski reserve to visitors until last December.\nThe Ukrainian site is now popular for its eerie ghost town and reactor ruins, but on this side of the border it’s all about the wilderness, and our tour will be a nature-watching trip like no other. The reserve claims to be Europe’s largest experiment in rewilding, and the unlikely beneficiaries of nuclear disaster have been the wolves, bison and bears that now roam the depopulated landscape, and the 231 (of the country’s 334) bird species that can also be found here.\nAfter an initial hitch with our paperwork (few things are bureaucracy-free in Belarus, though new relaxed visa requirements mean Brits are now spared a trip to the embassy near Kensington Gardens), we meet our guide Valery Yurko, a spry ornithologist. Our visit is limited to seven hours, and I am keen to see as much as possible.\nWe start in the museum – which has some memorably bad taxidermy – before setting off to try to spot the real things. Elk are the most common mammal here, and it doesn’t take us long to see a young male standing with legs half-buried in a patch of swamp.\nAs we continue along a forest track that was once the main road to the Ukrainian capital Kiev, Yurko says there’s a 50-50 chance we’ll see a wolf. There are around a hundred of these carnivores in the park and as hunting is banned here, the animals are slowly losing their fear of humans.\nWe stop at a Soviet observation tower in the middle of the reserve. The pylon-like structure, 30 metres tall, would be a personal hell for vertigo sufferers, with its bent metal rungs and tiny platform of sun-cracked boards. The climb tests my usually reliable head for heights, but is worth the effort.\nFrom the top we can see the hulking metal sarcophagus covering the blown reactor at Chernobyl, and get a panoramic view over the villages of the exclusion zone, which are now all but swallowed by vegetation.\nThe previous day I’d visited one of the reserve’s abandoned settlements, Droniki. When the village’s 232 inhabitants were evacuated, they didn’t have long to pack, and the floors of the wooden houses are still scattered with shoes, cigarette boxes and children’s jotters dated April 1986. It’s a poignant sight: nature may be benefiting, but that came at great cost for the people evacuated from the zone (nearly 350,000 in total), and the millions who have fallen sick or are considered to be “contaminated” by the accident.\nThe greatest writer on Chernobyl, investigative journalist and Nobel prize-winner Svetlana Alexievich, wrote in her 1997 book, Chernobyl Prayer, that she was “recording the future”. Among Droniki’s crumbling walls and sagging roofs, collapsed fences and barns filled with a mouldering harvest – and in the wider reserve – we see a flash forward to a world without people.\nWe see the familiar creatures of town and farmland dwindling, and animals long since pushed to the wild edges of Europe taking their place: the sparrows, rooks and white storks are giving way to white-tailed eagles, lynx and wolves.\nAnd the radiation? Yurko tells me the level I am exposed to during this visit is less than I’d get on a transatlantic flight – but what about the animals that live and feed here?\nIt is a contested issue among scientists. Some research has found troubling signs of fallout-related disease and mutation, but another study recorded large populations of mammals in the zone. We don’t yet have the full picture, according to Viktar Fenchuk, project manager for the Wilderness Conservation Program in Belarus, and one of the country’s most senior conservationists. The reserve “could be an ecological ‘trap’, where animals move in […] and then develop health problems,” he tells me. “But the evidence so far is that on a population level, the effect of radiation is not visible.”\nOur driver is looking pointedly at his watch. Wolves have eluded us, and we’ve only seen the hoof prints of wild Przewalski’s horses and the distant throbbing sound of a black grouse courtship, known as “lekking” (to see the birds up close, you apparently need to be in position by 4am). But we do spy one of the park’s rarest birds, the greater spotted eagle. These raptors are particularly shy of humans, and the Palieski reserve is the only place in Belarus where their numbers are rising.\nValery Dombrovskiy, a world expert on the species, has silvering hair and the beatific look of someone in love with his work. Joining our group, he explains that these scrubby fields are not the eagles’ typical habitat; they usually favour marshland.\n“But,” he says, “I’m starting to wonder if it’s the other way round, and they adapted to wet areas to avoid people.”\nWe spot an eagle high above the plain, performing a display flight (advertising its ownership of a territory) as we watch through binoculars. It swoops and soars, then, seemingly for sheer joy, tucks its wings into a “stoop” to drop like a falling star into the blue. It’s a final moment of awe: my seven hours are up.\n• The trip was provided by APB-Birdlife Belarus, which runs eco-tours all over the country. A two-day tour to the Chernobyl “accidental wildlife sanctuary”, including two seven-hour visits, guide, meals, transfer from Minsk and accommodation in Chojnicki town, costs £470pp, based on a group of four", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://educationdestinationasia.com/blogs/jis-brunei-senior-student-wins-gold-in-uk-biology-olympiad", "date": "2022-01-21T01:17:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320302715.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220121010736-20220121040736-00421.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.960742175579071, "token_count": 405, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__205865843", "lang": "en", "text": "Thirty Four Year 12 Biology students from Jerudong International School (JIS) recently entered the Intermediate Biology Olympiad held by UK Biology Competitions (UKBC). This organisation works closely with the Royal Society of Biology and the University of Warwick to bring Biology competitions to students all over the world. The competition typically receives around 9,000 participants from over 550 schools worldwide.\nQuestions in the competition were set on topics which students are likely to have covered in their first year of the A Level Biology course. Additional questions required the students to use their problem solving skills and understanding of core principles of Biology in general.\nOut of thirty four students, Mohamed Bassim Isa achieved Gold, 6 students Beverly Liaw, Elmeeza Yasrinal Eddy, Gabriel Chan, Jayden Ang, Josh Lindsay and Patricia Sim achieved Silver and Ye Htet Oo won the Bronze Award. In addition, five of the JIS students were highly commended and nine were commended. Overall, 65% of the JIS senior students who participated were commended or higher.\nTheir Biology teacher, Mrs Adele Major, was delighted to hear this news. Principal, Nicholas Sheehan also commented ‘This is the first time that the Biology Department has entered students for this internationally recognised competition. Biology A Level is a popular subject at Jerudong International School and I am very proud of these remarkable achievements. My congratulations go to all of the students who participated.”\nAbout Jerudong International School\nJerudong International School was started in 1997. It presently has around 1650 international and Bruneian students aged from 2 years to 19 years. Students study a British International Curriculum from ages 2 years to 3 years. From 14 years to 16 years, students study the I/GCSE programmes. Senior students may choose between the A Level programme and the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme for their pre University course. JIS has a thriving boarding house for up to 200 boarders.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.portunderwoodassoc.org/council-information/resource-management-plan/", "date": "2023-12-11T23:13:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679518883.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211210408-20231212000408-00872.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9278942346572876, "token_count": 449, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__36666640", "lang": "en", "text": "The enclosed item is the Council review of Marlborough’s Regional Policy Statement and Resource Management Plans.\nThe following document is the PUA’s response.\nThis can be summarised as\nMarine farms should have discretionary activity status, not controlled activity status as the current lack of knowledge of the Sounds ecosystem precludes establishing activities with the permanence of a controlled status. Also, the area is public domain and used for a range of different reasons.\nA stronger policy was called for in respect of the size of marine farms. In particualr new marine farms and new extensions should be prohibited within 100 metres of the coastline and should not extend beyond 250 meters from the coastline.\nIt was noted that the proposal for an extension of marine farms to 300 meters from the shoreline should not be permitted until independent studies are undertaken to demonstrate that this does not have an adverse impact upon other uses and the environment.\nIt wwas suggested that the mid-bay area of Port Underwood and the entire western coastline of Port Underwood should have a prohibited marine farming status to be consistent with Policy 1.12 of the proposed Marine Farming Policy and other sections of the draft policy statement and management plan. This would add more certainty for all users of Port Underwood and reduce the large amounts of time and money spent by applicants, submitters, and the Council.\nIn addition, the entire western coastline of Port Underwood should have prohibited marine farming status. Retaining a small section with CMZ 2 status as currently proposed would be an inconsistent anomaly.\nIt was suggested that the regional policy statement and resource management plan should include a provision to require environmental studies to be undertaken to:\n- Determine the level of nutrients in the Sounds\n- Determine the level of pollutants in the Sounds\n- Determine the impact on nutrients and pollutants to understand the capacity for further marine farming and its impact upon other uses of the Sounds\n- Determine the change in levels of nutrients and pollutants in the Sounds subsequent to the introduction of new farms or expansion of existing farms.\nWithout these studies there will be little understanding of the cumulative impacts of aquaculture and the objective of the Marlborough regional policy statement cannot be met.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.nbfilterman.com/news/industry-news/what-filtration-technologies-are-ideal-for-desktop-water-dispensers.html", "date": "2024-02-22T07:49:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473735.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222061937-20240222091937-00314.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.892809271812439, "token_count": 511, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__166860293", "lang": "en", "text": "Desktop water dispensers, also known as water coolers, often include filtration systems to improve the quality of the water they dispense. Several filtration technologies are commonly used in these systems. The ideal combination of filtration technologies depends on the specific contaminants present in the water supply. Here are some common filtration technologies used in desktop water dispensers:\nActivated Carbon Filters:\n- Function: Activated carbon filters are effective in removing chlorine, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), bad odors, and some taste impurities.\n- How It Works: The porous structure of activated carbon adsorbs contaminants, trapping them in the carbon filter.\n- Function: Sediment filters are designed to remove larger particles, such as sand, silt, and rust, from the water.\n- How It Works: These filters use physical barriers or mesh to trap and remove solid particles.\nReverse Osmosis (RO) Filters:\n- Function: RO filters are highly effective at removing a wide range of contaminants, including heavy metals, dissolved solids, and some microorganisms.\n- How It Works: Water is forced through a semi-permeable membrane, blocking impurities and allowing only purified water to pass through.\n- Function: Ceramic filters can effectively remove bacteria, protozoa, and sediment from water.\n- How It Works: Water is passed through a porous ceramic material that traps contaminants.\nUV (Ultraviolet) Purification:\n- Function: UV purification systems use ultraviolet light to kill or deactivate bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the water.\n- How It Works: UV light disrupts the DNA of microorganisms, preventing them from reproducing and rendering them harmless.\nIon Exchange Filters:\n- Function: Ion exchange filters are effective in reducing hardness in water by exchanging calcium and magnesium ions for sodium ions.\n- How It Works: Resin beads in the filter attract and exchange ions, reducing the concentration of minerals that contribute to water hardness.\nWhen selecting a desktop water dispenser with filtration, it's essential to consider the specific water quality issues in your area. Water testing can help identify the contaminants present, allowing you to choose a system with the appropriate combination of filtration technologies. Additionally, be aware of the maintenance requirements for each type of filter to ensure optimal performance over time. Regular filter replacement is crucial for maintaining water quality and the effectiveness of the filtration system.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thezinfidel.com/exercise-to-stabilize-blood-sugar-levels/", "date": "2023-09-24T13:54:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506646.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20230924123403-20230924153403-00585.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9136531949043274, "token_count": 1250, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__247708932", "lang": "en", "text": "Regular physical activity is not only essential for maintaining overall health and fitness but also plays a significant role in stabilizing blood sugar levels. For individuals with diabetes or those at risk of developing the condition, exercise can be a powerful tool in managing blood glucose and preventing spikes and crashes. In this blog post, we will explore the science behind how exercise affects blood sugar levels and provide practical tips on incorporating physical activity into your daily routine for optimal blood sugar control.\nUnderstanding Blood Sugar and Exercise\nBlood sugar, or blood glucose, is a measure of the sugar present in your bloodstream and serves as the primary source of energy for your body’s cells. When you consume carbohydrates, they are broken down into glucose and released into the bloodstream, leading to an increase in blood sugar levels. In response to rising blood glucose, the pancreas releases insulin, a hormone that facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells to be used as energy.\nExercise influences blood sugar levels in several ways. During physical activity, muscles require additional energy, leading to increased glucose uptake from the bloodstream. As a result, blood sugar levels decrease during exercise and may remain lower even after the activity is completed. Additionally, exercise can enhance insulin sensitivity, making cells more responsive to insulin and improving overall blood sugar regulation.\nThe Benefits of Exercise for Blood Sugar Control\nEngaging in regular exercise offers numerous benefits for stabilizing blood sugar levels:\n- Improved Insulin Sensitivity: Exercise helps your body use insulin more effectively, reducing insulin resistance and promoting better blood glucose management.\n- Lower Blood Sugar Spikes: Physical activity promotes glucose uptake by muscles, lowering blood sugar levels and reducing the likelihood of sharp spikes after meals.\n- Increased Energy Utilization: Exercise encourages the use of glucose as fuel, which can help prevent excessive sugar buildup in the bloodstream.\n- Weight Management: Regular exercise supports weight loss and maintenance, reducing the risk of obesity-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.\n- Enhanced Cardiovascular Health: Exercise can improve heart health, reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.\nBest Types of Exercise for Blood Sugar Control\nNot all exercises have the same impact on blood sugar levels. Some activities are particularly effective in promoting blood glucose stability. Here are some recommended types of exercise:\n1. Aerobic Exercises\nAerobic exercises, such as brisk walking, jogging, cycling, and swimming, are excellent choices for blood sugar control. These activities increase heart rate and breathing, leading to improved glucose utilization by muscles.\n2. Resistance Training\nStrength or resistance training, involving weightlifting or bodyweight exercises, can enhance muscle mass and boost insulin sensitivity. This can help reduce blood sugar spikes and improve long-term glucose regulation.\n3. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)\nHIIT involves short bursts of intense exercise followed by brief rest periods. It has been shown to be highly effective in reducing blood sugar levels and improving overall fitness.\n4. Flexibility and Balance Exercises\nActivities like yoga and Pilates can be beneficial for managing stress, which can affect blood sugar levels. They also improve flexibility and balance, contributing to overall well-being.\nTips for Incorporating Exercise into Your Routine\nFor individuals aiming to stabilize their blood sugar levels, here are some tips on how to make exercise a regular part of your daily routine:\n1. Set Realistic Goals\nStart with achievable exercise goals that fit your current fitness level and schedule. Gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts as you build strength and endurance.\n2. Find Activities You Enjoy\nChoose exercises that you find enjoyable and fulfilling. When you look forward to your workouts, you’re more likely to stick to your exercise routine in the long term.\n3. Schedule Regular Workouts\nBlock out specific times for exercise on your calendar. Treat these appointments as non-negotiable commitments to prioritize your health.\n4. Stay Consistent\nConsistency is key to reaping the benefits of exercise for blood sugar control. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise per week.\n5. Monitor Blood Sugar Levels\nKeep track of your blood sugar levels before, during, and after exercise. Monitoring your responses to different types of workouts can help you identify what works best for your blood sugar control.\n6. Stay Hydrated\nDrink plenty of water before, during, and after exercise to stay hydrated and support optimal blood sugar management.\n7. Be Mindful of Hypoglycemia\nIf you are on diabetes medication, be cautious of the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) during or after exercise. Carry a fast-acting source of glucose, such as glucose tablets or fruit juice, in case of a sudden drop in blood sugar.\n1. How often should I exercise to stabilize my blood sugar levels?\nAim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise per week, spread across several days for optimal blood sugar control.\n2. Can exercise help prevent or manage type 2 diabetes?\nYes, regular exercise can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and help manage the condition in those already diagnosed.\n3. Are there specific exercises I should avoid if I have diabetes?\nIf you have diabetes, it’s essential to consult your healthcare provider before starting any exercise program. While most exercises are safe, certain activities may carry higher risks for individuals with specific health conditions.\n4. Is it better to exercise before or after meals for blood sugar control?\nExercising after meals may help lower blood sugar levels more effectively, as your body can use the glucose from the meal during physical activity. However, individual responses to exercise may vary, so monitor your blood sugar to determine what works best for you.\n5. Can exercise alone control blood sugar levels, or is diet important too?\nBoth exercise and diet play crucial roles in blood sugar control. A well-balanced diet that includes appropriate carbohydrate intake complements the benefits of regular physical activity for optimal blood sugar management.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://health.lsj.com/TestFactsheet.aspx?id=20", "date": "2014-04-16T19:04:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1397609524644.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20140416005204-00090-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9610936045646667, "token_count": 448, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-15", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-15__0__110657850", "lang": "en", "text": "The tuberculosis (TB) skin test is used to determine if you have ever been exposed to the bacterium that causes TB. The test involves injecting a small amount of TB protein under the skin of your inner forearm. TB is an infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs and can potentially lead to serious complications. The test can be used as part of the diagnosis for the disease.\nThere are many reasons why this test is usually done, including the following:\n- you have been in close contact with a TB-infected person\n- you have traveled to a foreign country that has a high incidence of TB\n- you are a health care worker\n- your employer or school requests that you have this test performed prior to your start date\nRisks and precautions\nThe TB skin test is usually straightforward and safe. However, there are some risks of side effects, including severe redness, swelling, and pain in the arm, particularly in people who have had a positive skin test before. Get immediate medical assistance if you experience any of these side effects.\nIt is important that you understand all the risks of complications and side effects of the test, and what you or your doctor can do to avoid them. Make sure that your doctor is aware of all your concerns.\nBefore the test\nNo preparation is necessary for this test. If you have had TB or a positive TB skin test before, inform your doctor or health care professional. It is also important to tell your doctor if you have or have had any of the following:\n- major viral infection (e.g., HIV, mumps) - this does not include the common cold\n- current or previous TB infection\n- large burns or eczema on the test site\n- a measles vaccination within the last 4 weeks\n- previous adverse reactions to TB tests or vaccinations\nIf you are taking any prescription or over-the-counter (non-prescription) medications, supplements, or herbal products, make sure you inform your doctor or pharmacist. Ask them whether it is necessary for you to stop taking any of these medications and products before the test. It is also important to tell them if you have allergies to certain medications or have certain medical conditions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pts.tmu.edu.tw/3988-2/", "date": "2024-04-23T14:49:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818711.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423130552-20240423160552-00561.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9150431752204895, "token_count": 501, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__30639379", "lang": "en", "text": "Instead of prolonging lifespan, scientists have long been in pursuit of maintaining human healthspan. To keep the ideal quality of life is especially crucial for the elderly since the declined muscle mass and strength caused physical inconvenience. Therefore, maintaining the health of skeletal muscle is of vital importance.\nProfessor Yi-Fan Chen and Professor Yun Yen from Taipei Medical University have recently published their work in npj regenerative medicine. The research article elaborated how Ribonucleotide reductase M2B (Rrm2b) modulates the fate of stem cells in skeletal muscle in response to injury. The homeostasis of skeletal muscle relies on the interplay between the muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and their microenvironment (niche). By genetically modified mouse models, Chen unveiled that specific knockout of Rrm2b in the myofibers (a part of niche), but not in MuSCs, led to the weakness of muscles, including loss of muscle mass and strength. These Rrm2b myofiber-specific knockout mice displayed compromised regenerative capacity of muscle with thinner fiber sizes and weaker functioning. Moreover, the lack of Rrm2b in the myofibers resulted in mitochondrial defects, showing a part of the typical characteristics of mitochondrial myopathy.\nFurthermore, Chen’s team collaborated with Dr. I-Hsuan Lin for RNA-sequencing to identify several myokines released from Rrm2b-deleted myofibers. These myokines, including FGF-21, GDF-15, and Mthfd2, triggered MuSCs differentiation rather than reentry of quiescence to repopulate the stem cell pool. The decreased MuSC pool due to the imbalance between differentiation and self-renewal of MuSCs thus contributed to muscle weakness and impaired regenerative capacity.\nIn conclusion, Chen’s study identified a novel role of Rrm2b in muscle homeostasis. Rrm2b in the myofibers plays a critical role in modulating the stem cell fate of MuSCs by an alternation of the microenvironment (niche), and it provides an opportunity for strategy development to treat muscle disorders. Animals with defective Rrm2b expression can probably serve as a disease model for investigating mitochondrial myopathy in mammals. With these striking research results, promoting muscle health in clinical use can be expected in the coming years.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://drkalu.com/dr-kalus-services/faq-detoxification-and-wellness/", "date": "2017-11-22T14:50:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806609.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20171122141600-20171122161600-00247.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9271981716156006, "token_count": 1853, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__133276127", "lang": "en", "text": "DETOXIFICATION AND WELLNESS\nWhy is detoxification important?\nOur philosophy is that a toxic body is at the root of all discomfort and disease. In our modern society we produce very toxic compounds that find their way into the air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, the soaps and detergents we cleanse our environment with, and the lotion and perfumes we put on our skin to smell good.\nThe body must get rid of these dangerous substances by neutralizing them, putting them into solution and excreting them through the lymph, lungs, skin, kidneys, and bowels. Unfortunately, not all of them get excreted efficiently. Some of the toxins are even circulated back into the bloodstream and others are stored in various body tissues such as fat tissues forming tumors.\nOver the years toxins can build up in the fatty tissues which are concentrated in the brain, breast, reproductive organs and various other organ and tissues leading to a variety of health issues.\nWhat is body detoxification?\nBody Detoxification is as important to your body as taking out the garbage and flushing the toilet is to daily life in your home. Without occasional flushing out toxins with fasting, toxins accumulate causing the proliferation of parasites and waste buildup in your tissues and cells.\nDetoxification is an essential part of maintaining good health because an accumulation of toxins taxes every system of the body, damages tissues, facilitates cell mutation, reduces circulation, lowers immune function and causes many unpleasant symptoms in the body related to fatigue, skin, joints, digestion, sinusitis, headaches, nausea. This internal toxic waste give rise to all types of conditions, high blood pressure, lupus, depression, chronic fatigue, diabetes, heart disease, cancers of all types, and skin conditions.\nDetoxification is the process of clearing out toxins from the body or neutralizing or transforming them. This renders them harmless and reduces the symptoms of toxicity within the body. Everyone should rest and detoxify their bodies from time to time. An increasing exposure to environmental toxins (air, water, radiation, UV, microwave), intake of chemically altered foods, poor habits (caffeine, sugar, nicotine, drugs, alcohol), high pharmaceutical drug intake and imbalanced physiological function (poor digestion, inadequate elimination, congestion, etc.) heightens this need.\nHow can I rid my Body of Toxins and Waste?\nColon hydrotherapy, heat sauna, body wraps all detoxify the body. We have several programs that can detox your body at the cellular level for the best possible cleanse. It is wise to engage in a multifaceted program; i.e., a program that combines the cleansing modalities as well as the fasting and juicing programs. Our Kalulife Enhancement 12-day cleansing program is a cellular cleanse. We put over 2000 people on this program with great success. It works alone or best when combined with the colonics, body wraps and heat sauna. The program consists of four parts:\nPart One: 7-days of fasting: This part can be extended based upon how toxic you are, which is noted by the symptoms you have: headaches, fatigue, depression, arthritis or other diseases or debilitating conditions. Part one can be extended for 5-10 day for maximum results. The fast can be tailored to suit your particular health concerns or needs.\nPart Two: Liver/gallbladder flushing: This is a one night flush to move toxins out of your liver and gall bladder. The formula is sometimes changed to move hard toxins out of the kidneys.\nPart Three: 5-day Raw food diet: This section consists of eating nothing but raw or live foods. A raw foods diet helps rebuild the digestive system and give your body a new start. This section can also be extended for 5 to 10 to give your body time to rest and rejuvenate.\nPart Four: New Healthy Eating Guide: Now you gradually return to normal. However, you will want to prepare your self to continue to follow the principles you will learn from the information in your program folder.\nDr. Kalu has been supervising this fast for a decade helping over two thousand people overcome different health crises. The 12-day cleansing program has given our clients tremendous results. We have seen blood pressure, diabetes and high cholesterol reversed; blood chemistry results get better, skin conditions clear up, etc… Try it and see what it does for you. If you are not interested in a 12-day program or your budget does not allow for the purchase of the items involved, we have other cleansing programs we can tailor to suit your needs.\nHow is a program chosen for me specifically?\nDr. Kalu takes into account your:\nexperience with cleansing.\npast eating habits.\ncurrent health conditions and lifestyle.\npotential strengths and weaknesses.\npast and current patterns of elimination.\ngastrointestinal response to herbal laxatives.\nIt is important that any detoxification program commences with a colonic irrigation to relieve the colon of waste which will facilitate the cleansing process thus lessening the symptoms that usually accompany fasting and cleansing.\nWhat are the benefits of a detoxification program?\nIn today’s society the refined foods we eat lack the bulk and fiber to create the cleansing and peristaltic motion to facilitate the movement of the food through the colon. Refined flour, hardened fats, high intake of sugar, lack of water, caffeine, antibiotics, and stress all contribute to poor health in general.\nUpon the completion of an herbal cleansing program with colonics, you may experience the following physical changes:\n• Improved digestion\n• Less bloating\n• Less flatulence\n• Fewer reactions to foods\n• Clearer skin\n• Less mucous discharge\n• Improved sinus conditions\n• Easier breathing\n• Improved bowel elimination\n•Balanced blood pressure\n•Balanced glucose levels• Improved detoxification mechanism\n• Less headaches, backaches, joint and muscle aches\n• Less body odor\n• Better health\n• Weight loss\nYou may also feel the following:\n• More energetic\n• Clear thinking and improved concentration\n• Sense of lightness\n• Greater control over your mind and body\n• Increased vitality\nHow should I expect to feel on the program?\nHow you respond to the products and the juices will be determined by your uniqueness and your ability to adhere to the program. Many people begin to experience the many benefits of detoxification within a few weeks and show results within a month. Some individuals take longer to notice results. Some may do the cleansing program 2 or more times before they experience the benefits and have no reactions. However, everything you feel or experience depends upon how deeply toxic you are and how much energy your body has to release the toxins.\nHow do I start the program?\nYou make an appointment to come into the office for a consultation. As no two people have exactly the same dietary needs or health problems, the program may be modified to suit your particular needs. However, there are occasions when a program may be designed especially for you.\nHow should I prepare?\nThere is no specific preparation necessary. Here are a few pointers that may help:\nyou will need to have become willing to change,\nyou will want to create the time needed to engage in the process,\nyou will want to read through the entire program\nyou may want to reduce the foods that will cause the most negative effects while\nexiting your system: caffeinated beverages, refined sugars and dairy products.\nWhat can you expect on your first visit with me?\nYou receive a one on one consultation with the ability to ask the questions important to you.\nThe visit begins with:\nIt is an information gathering session, where nothing is off limits; I find a place for everything and everyone. I understand that people are complex beings, affected by their present symptoms, family history, past medical history, current medications, diet, lifestyle, emotional and psychosocial stress. I realize that everything is connected so, we talk about:\nsymptoms you are experiencing;\nmedications you are currently taking;\nsupplements you are currently taking;\nreview of current and past lab tests;\nthe physical problems that you are having;\nyour body and how it is functioning;\nthe many different aspects of health and disease;\nthe amount of stress in your life;\nhow you are sleeping;\nhow you are thinking;\nhow you are exercising\nhow you are working;\nwhat you are eating;\nand what you are drinking.\nThe session ends with:\nThe natural alternative treatments available and when necessary, the conventional treatments available to you. The more information you have about what’s going on and what your different options are, the better decisions you are going to make about how to take care of your health. You will most likely be given recommendations on:\nHealthy Cooking Instruction\nPromoting and maintaining health\nImmune system building\nVegetable & Fruit juicing guidance", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://help-rx.net/what-do-squirrels-eat-and-drink/", "date": "2021-02-25T18:33:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351454.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225182552-20210225212552-00492.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9733332991600037, "token_count": 854, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__31005313", "lang": "en", "text": "The over 200 species of squirrels all over the world are majorly vegetarians and are known to consume a wide variety of nuts, seeds, fruits, and other vegetarian foods. However, some species of flying squirrels have been known to be omnivores. They also eat small birds, small insects, caterpillars, and eggs.\nOverall squirrels eat a wide variety of food depending on what’s available for them, but they prefer nuts and seeds. They can go to any length to get nuts and seeds, so don’t be surprised if you’ll need to get a squirrel-proof bird feeder for your birds.\nSquirrels are sensitive and sensible animals. They know where their food is and are always eager to do everything possible to get to it. When you have birds and provide them with tasty seeds, squirrels are always ready to fight for those seeds. So, you should know that where squirrels are present, you best need squirrel-proof bird feeders to make your grains and seeds safer for your birds.\nSquirrels drink water to get hydrated just like other rodents, and they also take various fruits to get some delicious juice. Once a while, some naughty groups of squirrels take almonds flavored sugary alcohol just to give them the party spirit.\nHere are some important facts about how and what squirrels eat.\nHow do squirrels eat during winter\nSquirrels largely depend on seeds and nuts. Most trees produce their nuts only once a year, usually in the autumn season, which means that squirrels would have to find a way to store food to sustain them for the entire winter.\nSome squirrel store their food in their territory and always defend it, while other bury their nuts in various locations to form scattered hoarding.\nSquirrels have intrinsic skills to determine the nuts’ freshness and weight, whether insects might infest them when they are buried. They try to organize how these nuts are buried so they won’t forget any nut during the winter – all these just to keep their food safe so that they won’t starve during the cold.\nDuring the winter, they always reach where these nuts are kept and judiciously eat and avoid wastage. If there is no food, they search for your grains and seeds that are provided for birds.\nWhat nuts do squirrels eat\nBasically, squirrels are widely known to thrive on nuts. As with their regular diet, the various kinds of nuts squirrels eat largely depend on the season, availability, and what they can get hold of at any moment. Below are some tasty nuts that can make a delicious meal for squirrels.\n- Beech nuts\n- Pine nuts\nDo squirrels eat carrots?\nIf you grow carrots in your backyard and you have squirrels around, you should be concerned because yes! Squirrels eat carrots. Although they prefer nuts and seeds to vegetables, they always will eat what is available.\nIf you have a friendly squirrel that comes from the forest and visits your house from time to time, and you have nothing else at hand but carrots bought from the corner store, you can simply feed her or him carrots as long as the squirrel accepts the food.\nDo squirrels eat bread?\nYes, squirrels eat bred. Bread contains sugar, and it gives a pleasant taste to it. These critters are scavengers. They always hustle hard to get their food, which makes them search for bread in the trash and anywhere around your home. They can even develop the courage to steal your bread.\nWhat are squirrels’ favorite foods?\nAlthough squirrels can adapt to the conditions and food available, just like every other animal, they have some tastier food than others. These foods make them really happy when they have a chance to eat them.\nSquirrels love nuts the most; breaking shells from nuts and eating gives them joy and pleasure. They also fancy eating seeds, fruits, fungi, and grains. Vegetables, roots, bulbs, and bark also form a nice delicacy for squirrels.\nSquirrels love eating all these foods than insects and caterpillars.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://lux.org.uk/work/while-darwin-sleeps/", "date": "2022-06-26T11:44:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103205617.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20220626101442-20220626131442-00423.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9507520198822021, "token_count": 169, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__270925341", "lang": "en", "text": "More than three thousand insects appear in this film each for a single frame. As the colours glow and change across their bodies and wings it is as if the genetic programme of millions of years is taking place in a few minutes. It is a rampant creation that seems to defy the explanations of evolutionists and fundamentalists. It is like a mescalin dream of Charles Darwin’s.\nThe film is inspired by the insect collection of Walter Linsenmaier in the natural history museum of Luzern. As each insect follows the other, frame by frame, they appear to unfurl their antennae, scuttle along, or flap their wings as if trying to escape the pinions which attach them forever in their display cases. Just for a moment the eye is tricked into believing that these dead creatures still live . . .", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://startnetwork.org/resource/covid19-learning-four-disease-outbreak-responses", "date": "2021-10-16T06:31:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323583423.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20211016043926-20211016073926-00243.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9259165525436401, "token_count": 113, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__215875275", "lang": "en", "text": "COVID19 Learning from four disease outbreak responses\n16 April 2020\nAt Start Network we always aim to learn from experience. So, we have endeavoured to analyse the data and information from past Start Fund responses in order to present a set of lessons for COVID-19 projects.\nLooking at disease responses from 2018 and 2019, including project data and information from 12 activated Start Fund alerts and post-project learning exchanges, we have developed a set of lessons on four disease responses. Including Cholera, Dengue Fever, Ebola and Lassa Fever.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://collections.ucsd.edu/pi/index.cfm", "date": "2014-07-24T02:18:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1405997884827.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20140722025804-00006-ip-10-33-131-23.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8345354795455933, "token_count": 515, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-23__0__84186524", "lang": "en", "text": "Overview of the Pelagic Invertebrates Collection\nThe Scripps Pelagic Invertebrates Collection is among the world's preeminent collections of marine zooplankton. It includes over 110,000 whole zooplankton samples containing some 108 specimens. In addition to worldwide geographic coverage, the Collection includes the remarkable CalCOFI zooplankton time series, which has surveyed the California Current since 1949. Zooplankton have been collected with nets, pumps, and specialized collecting devices, over depths ranging from the neustonic layer to the bathypelagic. While most samples are stored in formaldehyde, a growing number are available in ethanol, hence suitable for DNA sequencing. The collection houses the Fleminger Copepod Library, comprising ca. 21,500 sorted copepod specimens as well as reprints and monographs concerning the Copepoda. An additional 8,500 sorted, identified reference specimens are available for other zooplankton and micronekton taxa (e.g., Euphausiacea, Cephalopoda, Sergestidae, Pteropoda, etc.). Most samples are supplemented with physical and chemical data. The Collection includes worldwide holdings with particular strengths in the Pacific, Indo-West Pacific, and Antarctic regions.\nPhoto: SIO Collections\nCollection data for all holdings are accessible on a searchable database. The Pelagic Invertebrates Collection supports scientific research by providing specimens for studies on systematics, evolution, molecular genetics, ecology, population dynamics, climate change and other topics. Specimens are available for examination at SIO and for loan to researchers at recognized institutions (loan policy). The Oceanographic Collections, including the Pelagic Invertebrates Collection, also support graduate courses and research at SIO.\nDr. Mark D. Ohman, Professor and Curator: firstname.lastname@example.org\nMs. Linsey Sala, Collection Manager: email@example.com\nMs. Annie Townsend, Collection Manager emerita: firstname.lastname@example.org\nPelagic Invertebrates Collection\nScripps Institution of Oceanography\nUniversity of California, San Diego 0227\n9500 Gilman Drive\nLa Jolla, CA 92093-0227, U.S.A.\nPhone: 858-534 2071; Fax: 858-534 6500\nVaughan Hall, Rooms 135, 125 Click here for map", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://heartsite.com/html/the_heart_3.html", "date": "2024-04-19T16:21:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817438.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419141145-20240419171145-00514.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9454952478408813, "token_count": 988, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__60241777", "lang": "en", "text": "The image on the right shows a longitudinal (cut from top to bottom) section of the heart while the image on the left shows the plane through whick the section was taken. Oxygenated blood from the lungs is returned to the heart through four pulmonary veins (PV) that empty into the left atrium (LA). When the left atrium is filled completely, the pressure that it creates opens the mitral valve (MV) very much like opening a hatch door by applying pressure against it. The edges of the mitral valve that is made up of two leaflets are kept from flopping back into the left atrium by cords that are known as chordae tendineae (pronounced cord-ee ten-din-ee). This is very much like ropes that holds the sail of a boat in place as wind gushes against it. The other end of the cords are attached to papillary muscles that helps take up the slack as ventricle starts to empty (known as contraction) and decreases in size. The increased pressure within the ventricle as it contracts pops open the aortic valve and blood gushes into the aorta. The aorta serves as a highway or conduit that divides into branches which in turn carries blood to various parts of the body.\nThe body tissues extracts oxygen and nutrients from the blood that is then returned to the right atrium (RA), travels through the tricuspid valve and enters the right ventricle (RV). The process is very similar to that described for the left atrium and left ventricle. Unlike the mitral valve that has two leaflets, the tricuspid valve has three leaflets (thus the name). When the right ventricle (RV) is filled, it begins to contract and empties the blood across the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary artery (PA). The PA carries blood to the lungs where it picks up oxygen. The oxygenated blood then travels via the pulmonary veins and into the left atrium. This round trip comprises the circulation of blood.\nThe pictures below represent a heart that is cut along the horizontal axis. The picture on the left shows the plane along which the heart is cut. That is, the top of the heart, including the right and left atria (atria is plural for atrium), the pulmonary artery and aorta are removed on the picture on the right (below). It shows the heart as you would look down at it from the front. The tricuspid and mitral valves are represented right and left, respectively (you can see the right and left ventricles through the two valves). The aortic and pulmonic valves are shown up and down, respectively, in the bottom half of the picture. The heart size increases and decreases during the filling (DIASTOLE, pronounced die-as-tull-ee) and contraction or emptying (SYSTOLE, pronounced sis-tull-ee) of the heart chambers.\nThe animation on th right shows an animated cross section of th heart, together with valve structures that open and shut to let blood pass through the atria, ventricles and the great vessels. The image on the left shows the plane through which the cross-section of the heart was taken.\nThe video clip below shows another cross section of the heart.\nThe mitral and tricuspid valves open and the aortic and pulmonic valves are shut while the ventricles fill during diastole. In contrast, the mitral and tricuspid valves shut while the aortic and pulmonic valves open during ventricular systole. This sequence ensures that the ventricles are filled to capacity before the aortic and pulmonic valves are opened. At this time, the mitral and tricuspid valves are shut so that blood does not leak back into the the two atria. Yes, the heart is an ingenious device that could have inspired design of the modern day mechanical pump and integrated valves.\nDid you stop and wonder why each side of the heart has two pumping chambers (atrium and ventricle)? Why not just have a ventricle to receive blood and then pump it straight out? The reason is that the atrium serves as a \"booster pump\" that increases the filling of the ventricle. Filling a normal ventricle to capacity translates to more vigorous contraction or emptying. You can compare this to a strong spring, and imagine that the heart muscle is made up of tiny little \"springs\" known as ACTIN and MYOSIN. Within reasonable limits, the more you stretch a spring, the more vigorously will be its contraction or recoil. In medical terms, this is known as \"Frank-Starling's\" law.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.chambersstudent.co.uk/commercial-awareness-memo/the-memo-invasive-species-first-traps-set-for-chinese-mitten-crabs-in-the-uk", "date": "2023-12-08T13:00:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100745.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208112926-20231208142926-00109.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9474663734436035, "token_count": 568, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__299745494", "lang": "en", "text": "Invasive species: First traps set for Chinese mitten crabs in the UK\nEmily Dunham – 23 October 2023\nIf you’re not familiar, the term ‘invasive species’ is used to describe non-native flora and fauna that is artificially introduced to a country, only to wreak havoc on indigenous wildlife. One example you’ll definitely be familiar with (even if it comes as something of a surprise) is the grey squirrel, but you probably won’t be familiar with the Chinese mitten crab – the latest non-native species to make its mark. With furry claws and ability to grow to the size of a dinner plate, you’d be forgiven for thinking that this crab sounds cuddly, but the species can be quite aggressive, and has been listed as an invasive species under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 in the UK since August 2016.\nThe classification isn’t unwarranted either, the crabs disrupt the biodiversity of UK waterways (an ecosystem that is already under immense pressure) and compromise the stability of riverbanks as they burrow into them – how shellfish! The species is native to South East Asia, and was considered to be established in the Thames in 1973. But it has now been seen in waterways across the UK, and even shocked some dog walkers at a park in the Nene Valley in Peterborough!\nNow, a group of scientists have been given special permission by the Environment Agency to test a trap for the crabs at Pode Hole in Lincolnshire. The project, which sees collaboration between the Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust, the Wellings and Deepings Internal Drainage Board and the National History Museum, aims to prevent the crabs migrating to breeding grounds to slow their spread. The site has been chosen because the village lies at the confluence of several drainage channels and has been reported to have a particular problem with the crabs.\nThere are some really complicated rules and regulations that cover this kind of thing, so it’s unlikely to be solved by a snappy decision. The Invasive Alien Species (Enforcement and Permitting) Order 2019 is a key piece of legislation here, and details when permits or licenses are required. The government’s guidelines require permission before you are free to put traps in waterways, and you cannot take live animals away from the riverbank, so must instead humanely kill them where you caught them (though there are some exceptions if you have a permit to keep live animals for research or conservation). The group involved in this project have a license to set their trap, but it does have some conditions placed upon it – the crabs will be frozen to be used for further scientific analysis, and cannot be transported live. Interestingly enough, they plan to use the crabs to research their digestive system!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://gorilla.mak.ac.ug/index.php/themes/biogeography-biodiversity-and-ecosystem-conservation", "date": "2024-04-13T00:02:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816465.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412225756-20240413015756-00609.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9008023142814636, "token_count": 260, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__72422732", "lang": "en", "text": "The consequences of human and physical processes on ecosystem services and products have a strong spatial and temporal context. In this subtheme, we seek for presentations that tackle biogeography, biodiversity and ecosystem conservation. What are the conditions underpinning changes in ecosystems, ecosystem services and products? What interventions have yielded positive results in terms of recovery? How best can we propel ecosystem integrity under changing conditions? What governance and policy frameworks best guarantee the integrity of ecosystems? How can conservation biogeography be propelled in sensitive and fragile landscapes? How can the emergency of data science drive improved conservation of threatened species, landscapes and people?\nA 250-word abstract on the topics of the conference is required for those intending to make presentations. Both oral and poster presentations in the conference will be accepted. In addition, specific proposals for sessions may also be accepted. Abstracts will be submitted online at the submit-abstracts page.\nAbstracts will be reviewed in real-time and feedback on acceptance will be given to the proponents after being subjected to a peer review process. The deadline for abstract submission and notification are as follows;\n- Deadline abstract submission: 31st October 2022\n- Latest Notification of abstract: 7th November 2022", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://naturesregiment.com/collections/frontpage/products/copy-of-healthy-heartbeet-powder", "date": "2022-05-25T01:06:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662577757.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220524233716-20220525023716-00425.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8622393012046814, "token_count": 462, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__86405676", "lang": "en", "text": "Flaxseed w/ Artichoke Powder\nFlax Seed: Contains a natural blend of insoluble and soluble fiber with a low glycemic index. Flaxseed contains essential fatty acids such as ALA Omega 3, and possesses one of the best sources of Lignans (a natural and powerful antioxidant).\nArtichoke: A good source of fiber, vitamins and minerals and high levels of antioxidants. Also may help to maintain healthy liver functions and maintain healthy levels of cholesterol.\nAcai: In the Amazon, Acai is widely consumed as a popular nutritious fruit drink. It is rich in antioxidants and is a natural astringent. Acai is high in fiber and contains Vitamin B1, B2, B3, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Calcium, Potassium, Proteins, and healthy fatty acids Omega 6 and Omega 9.\nNopal-Cactus: Contains and excellent source of high levels of both soluble and insoluble fiber for healthy digestion.*\nApple Fiber: Helps to maintain a healthy intestinal function.* An excellent source of Pectin, a soluble dietary fiber found in apples, works to lower cholesterol by reducing the amount of cholesterol that is absorbed in the intestines.\nOat Bran Fiber: Great source of Phosphorous, Selenium, and Manganese, Iron, Magnesium, Vitamin B1, and a soluble fiber. The consumption of soluble fiber from whole oats may reduce the risk of heart disease and may help lower cholesterol. L-\nLysine: Lysine is one of the essential amino for building proteins. Lysine is essential for proper collagen formation.\nFennel Seed Powder: Rich source of dietary fiber and contains a concentrated source of minerals like copper, iron, calcium, potassium, manganese, selenium, zinc, and magnesium.\nApple Cider Vinegar: Apple Cider vinegar helps maintain healthy blood glucose levels, contains acetic acid which may help to maintain healthy cholesterol levels and used by many for healthy weight management.\n*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://kosofepost.com/2021/03/12/nephrologist-decries-increasing-rate-of-kidney-diseases-in-nigeria/", "date": "2021-07-29T03:04:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046153814.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20210729011903-20210729041903-00612.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9556249976158142, "token_count": 512, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__83404207", "lang": "en", "text": "Medical director wants intervention fund for patients with kidney failure\nA consultant nephrologist, Dr Abdulwasiu Busari, has decried the increasing rate of kidney diseases in Nigeria, saying it is currently about 20 to 25 per cent.\nBusari, who works at the Renal Department, Gbagada General Hospital, Lagos, spoke with the News Agency of Nigeria on Thursday in Lagos, in commemoration of the World Kidney Day celebration.\nThe World Kidney Day is celebrated annually on the second Thursday in March aimed at raising awareness on the importance of kidneys to overall health.\nIt is also aimed at reducing the frequency and impact of kidney disease and associated health problems worldwide.\nThis year’s theme is: “Living Well with Kidney Disease.”\n“Out of every 10 people we see, two or three have Chronic Kidney Disease, and it has been increasing yearly.\n“The situation is now so bad that you see a lot of patients soliciting for financial assistance to meet their medical needs.\n“It is not only adults that are affected with kidney disease, even children have the disease,” he said.\nThe nephrologist attributed the increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease to rise in the risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, abuse of drugs, intake of herbal concoction, obesity among others.\nHe listed other major causes as Chronic Glomerulonephritis, Obstructive Uropathy (prostate enlargement, urethral structure, fibroids, bilateral kidney stones, bladder cancers).\nThey are toxic nephropathy (Herbal concoctions, analgesic abuse, antibiotics abuse, hard drugs), HIV/AIDS, genetic disease (Adult Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease) and autoimmune diseases.\nBusari said that most people diagnosed with chronic kidney disease were not aware that they have kidney disease, thus most present late at the hospital.\n“What is of concern to us as nephrologists is that only one third of these people know that they have kidney disease when they come to the hospital.\n“Most times when they come to the hospitals, they complain about treating recurring malaria and typhoid fever.\n“When we do our investigations through tests, we discover that the patients may have an advanced stage of chronic kidney disease which is often irreversible.\n“That’s when they need dialysis or transplant,” he said.\nYOU MAY ALSO LIKE", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://vegetarian-vacations.com/is-red-3-vegan/", "date": "2024-03-02T13:26:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475825.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302120344-20240302150344-00658.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9522691369056702, "token_count": 2184, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__26276810", "lang": "en", "text": "Red 3, also known as erythrosine, is a pink or red food coloring that is commonly used to dye foods ranging from candies to popsicles to cake decorations. But is this vivid additive actually vegan? With conflicting information circulating, many vegans and vegetarians want a clear answer.\nIf you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer: Red 3 is generally not considered vegan. While the dye can be synthetically produced, most Red 3 used in food products today is derived from animal sources like fish and insects.\nWhat is Red 3 and How is it Made?\nOverview of Red 3 dye\nRed 3, also known as Erythrosine B, is a synthetic food dye commonly used to add a vibrant red color to various food and beverage products. It falls under the category of azo dyes, which are compounds derived from petroleum.\nRed 3 has been approved for use by regulatory bodies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in Europe.\nNatural vs synthetic manufacturing\nRed 3 can be manufactured using both natural and synthetic methods. Natural sources for red dye include cochineal insects and certain plants, such as beetroot. However, the synthetic manufacturing process is more commonly used due to its cost-effectiveness and efficiency.\nMain production methods\nThere are two main production methods for synthetic Red 3 dye: the diazotization-coupling method and the sulfonation method. In the diazotization-coupling method, aromatic compounds are combined with a diazonium salt to produce the desired dye.\nOn the other hand, the sulfonation method involves the reaction of an aromatic compound with sulfuric acid to form the dye.\nIt is important to note that the manufacturing process of Red 3, as well as other food dyes, is closely regulated to ensure safety and purity. Extensive testing and quality control measures are implemented to meet the standards set by regulatory agencies.\nWhile Red 3 is widely used in the food industry, its safety has been a topic of controversy. Some studies have suggested a potential link between Red 3 consumption and adverse health effects, such as allergies and hyperactivity in children.\nHowever, more research is needed to establish a definitive connection.\nAnimal-Derived Sources Used to Make Red 3\nCarmine dye from cochineal insects\nOne of the main sources for Red 3 dye is carmine, which is derived from cochineal insects. These insects are native to South America and are commonly found on cacti. The dye is extracted from the female cochineal insects by crushing them and then boiling them in water.\nThe resulting liquid is then processed to obtain the red dye. This process has been used for centuries and is still widely used today in the food industry.\nFish scales and shellfish\nIn addition to cochineal insects, fish scales and shellfish can also be used to produce Red 3 dye. The scales of certain fish, such as herring, can be processed to extract the dye. Similarly, shellfish like shrimp or lobster can also provide a source for this dye.\nThese animal-derived sources are often used as alternatives to carmine, especially in cases where customers prefer vegan or vegetarian options.\nOther animal-based sources\nWhile cochineal insects, fish scales, and shellfish are the primary animal-derived sources for Red 3 dye, there may be other potential sources as well. However, it is important to note that the use of these alternative sources may vary depending on the specific manufacturer or supplier.\nIt is always recommended to check the product labels or contact the manufacturer directly for more information on the origin of Red 3 dye.\nFor more information on food dyes and their sources, you can visit the FDA website, where you can find detailed information on the approved uses and safety regulations of food dyes.\nVegan Status Among Other Food Dyes\nWhen it comes to determining whether a food dye is vegan or not, it’s important to consider the source of the dye. Red 3, also known as Erythrosine, has been a subject of controversy among vegans due to its origins and uses.\nTo understand its vegan status, it’s helpful to compare it with other food dyes.\nColors approved for vegan products\nThere are several food dyes that are commonly used in vegan products. These dyes are derived from plant-based sources and do not involve any animal products or by-products. Examples of such dyes include:\n- Annatto extract, which is obtained from the seeds of the achiote tree\n- Turmeric, a yellow spice derived from the Curcuma longa plant\n- Spirulina extract, a blue-green pigment derived from blue-green algae\nThese plant-based dyes are often used in a variety of vegan foods, including plant-based meats, dairy alternatives, and confectioneries.\nOther animal-derived food dyes\nIn contrast to the vegan-approved food dyes, there are several food dyes that are derived from animal sources. These dyes are not suitable for vegans due to the involvement of animal products in their production. Examples of animal-derived food dyes include:\n- Cochineal extract, also known as carmine, which is derived from crushed cochineal insects\n- Shellac, a resin secreted by the female lac bug\n- Beetle juice, which is obtained from the Dactylopius coccus insect\nThese animal-derived dyes are commonly used in various food and beverage products, including candies, fruit juices, and cosmetics.\nNatural vegetable-based colors\nWhen it comes to the origins of Red 3, it is not derived from animal sources. Instead, it is a synthetic dye that is made from coal tar. However, this does not necessarily make it vegan-friendly. Some vegans choose to avoid Red 3 due to concerns about its potential health effects and the fact that it is not derived from natural vegetable sources.\nIt’s important to note that the vegan status of Red 3 may vary depending on individual beliefs and dietary choices. If you’re unsure about whether a particular food dye is vegan, it’s always a good idea to check the ingredient list or contact the manufacturer for more information.\nPotential Health and Environmental Impacts\nStudies on toxicity and cancer\nThere have been concerns about the potential health effects of Red 3, a commonly used food dye. Several studies have indicated that Red 3 may have carcinogenic properties and could increase the risk of cancer.\nHowever, it is important to note that the evidence is not conclusive, and more research is needed to fully understand the impact of this food dye on human health.\nHyperactivity in children\nSome studies have also suggested a link between Red 3 and hyperactivity in children. Although the evidence is limited and conflicting, some parents and experts believe that consuming foods containing Red 3 may contribute to increased hyperactivity levels in children.\nIt is essential to consider individual sensitivities and consult with healthcare professionals before making any dietary changes.\nSynthetic dyes and pollution\nAnother aspect of concern regarding Red 3 and other synthetic food dyes is their potential impact on the environment. The manufacturing process of these dyes often involves the use of petrochemicals and other synthetic compounds, which can contribute to pollution and harm ecosystems.\nAdditionally, the disposal of food products containing these dyes can further contribute to environmental pollution.\nIt is worth noting that there are ongoing efforts to develop natural alternatives to synthetic food dyes, which may have fewer environmental impacts. Some companies have started using plant-based alternatives, such as beet juice or spirulina extract, to achieve vibrant colors in food products.\nThese natural alternatives offer a more sustainable and eco-friendly option for food coloring.\nSeeking Vegan-Friendly Foods Free of Red 3\nFor individuals following a vegan lifestyle, it is important to be mindful of the ingredients in the foods they consume. One ingredient that often raises questions is Red 3, a food dye that has been the subject of controversy.\nWhile it is not inherently non-vegan, many vegans choose to avoid it due to its origins and potential health concerns. To help you navigate this issue, here are some tips on finding vegan-friendly foods free of Red 3.\nReading ingredient labels\nThe first step in seeking vegan-friendly foods free of Red 3 is to carefully read the ingredient labels. Red 3, also known as E127 or erythrosine, is commonly used as a food dye to add a vibrant red color to various products, including candies, baked goods, and beverages.\nBy checking the ingredient list, you can determine if a particular product contains Red 3 or any other ingredients that may not align with your vegan values. Look for products that explicitly state they are free from artificial colors or use natural alternatives.\nIf you are concerned about the presence of Red 3 in store-bought foods, one option is to make your own homemade alternatives. This way, you have complete control over the ingredients used. There are numerous natural food dyes that can be created using ingredients like beets, turmeric, spinach, and berries.\nThese homemade alternatives not only provide vibrant colors but also allow you to customize the taste and flavor of your dishes. Plus, it can be a fun and creative activity to experiment with different natural dyes in your recipes.\nPlant-based brands to look for\nTo make your search for vegan-friendly foods easier, there are plant-based brands that prioritize using natural ingredients and avoiding artificial food dyes like Red 3. These brands often have a wide range of products, including snacks, condiments, and beverages, that are free from artificial colors.\nSome well-known plant-based brands that you can explore include Beyond Meat, Gardein, and Field Roast. These companies are committed to providing vegan options without compromising on taste or quality.\nRemember, being vegan is about more than just eliminating animal products from your diet. It also involves making conscious choices about the ingredients you consume. By reading labels, exploring homemade alternatives, and seeking out plant-based brands, you can find vegan-friendly foods that are free of Red 3 and align with your ethical values.\nWhile small amounts of synthetic Red 3 not derived from animal products may be vegan, the majority of this additive comes from non-vegan sources. Concerned vegans and vegetarians should read labels carefully and limit consumption of products containing this controversial dye.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ourbodyshape.com/is-canola-oil-bad-for-you-9-side-effects-of-using-it/", "date": "2023-09-26T20:21:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510219.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926175325-20230926205325-00498.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9489729404449463, "token_count": 1694, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__294024184", "lang": "en", "text": "Canola oil is generally considered safe for consumption and is a popular choice for cooking due to its mild flavor and high smoke point. However, like any oil, it should be consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet.\nWhile some claims suggest that canola oil has negative health effects, it is important to consider the scientific evidence and expert opinions. Here are nine side effects that have been associated with canola oil, although their severity and prevalence may vary:\n- Allergic reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to canola oil, resulting in symptoms such as skin rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Allergies to canola oil, though rare, should be taken seriously.\n- High omega-6 fatty acid content: Canola oil is high in omega-6 fatty acids, which are essential but should be balanced with omega-3 fatty acids. An excessive intake of omega-6 fatty acids relative to omega-3s may promote inflammation in the body, potentially contributing to certain health conditions.\n- Trans fats: While canola oil is low in saturated fats, it may contain small amounts of trans fats, which are unhealthy and should be minimized in the diet. However, the levels of trans fats in commercial canola oil are generally low.\n- Oxidative stress: Canola oil, like other vegetable oils, can undergo oxidation when exposed to heat, light, and air. Oxidized oils may produce harmful free radicals in the body, contributing to oxidative stress. To minimize this, it is advisable to store canola oil properly and avoid reusing it for frying.\n- Impaired lipid profile: Some studies suggest that canola oil may negatively affect cholesterol levels, increasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels while reducing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. However, other research suggests that the impact on lipid profile may be beneficial compared to saturated fats.\n- GMO concerns: Most canola crops are genetically modified, and some individuals may have concerns about the potential health effects of consuming genetically modified organisms (GMOs). However, the consensus among major health organizations is that genetically modified foods, including canola oil, are safe for consumption.\n- Processing methods: The extraction and refining processes used to produce canola oil can involve heat, chemicals, and solvents. While these methods are regulated and generally considered safe, some individuals may prefer less processed oils for their cooking needs.\n- Sensitivity to erucic acid: Canola oil is low in erucic acid, which in high amounts may have adverse effects on heart health. However, commercially available canola oil contains negligible levels of erucic acid, and concerns about its presence are not relevant to most consumers.\n- Individual variations: It’s important to remember that people may react differently to different foods. While canola oil is generally well-tolerated, some individuals may experience digestive discomfort or other side effects when consuming it.\nIt’s worth noting that many of the concerns related to canola oil are based on individual studies or anecdotal evidence, and the overall body of scientific research suggests that canola oil can be part of a healthy diet when consumed in moderation. As always, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian for personalized advice based on your specific health needs.\nCanola oil is derived from the seeds of the canola plant, which is a type of rapeseed. It is known for its relatively low saturated fat content and high monounsaturated fat content, which is considered heart-healthy. The American Heart Association and other health organizations recommend using oils that are low in saturated fats and high in unsaturated fats, such as canola oil, as part of a healthy diet.\nIn addition to the potential side effects mentioned earlier, it’s important to note that the impact of canola oil on health can vary depending on individual factors, such as overall diet, lifestyle, and existing health conditions. The key to a healthy diet is moderation, variety, and balance.\nHere are some tips for using canola oil in a healthy way:\n- Moderation: While canola oil is considered a healthier option compared to oils high in saturated fats, it is still important to consume it in moderation. Like any oil, it is high in calories and can contribute to weight gain if consumed in excess.\n- Variety: It’s beneficial to include a variety of healthy oils in your diet. Alongside canola oil, consider using oils such as olive oil, avocado oil, or coconut oil to diversify your fat intake and benefit from the unique nutritional profiles they offer.\n- Balanced diet: Remember that overall dietary patterns matter more than individual ingredients. Focus on consuming a well-rounded diet that includes a variety of whole foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats, including oils like canola oil.\n- Cooking methods: Canola oil has a high smoke point, making it suitable for various cooking methods, including sautéing, baking, and stir-frying. Avoid heating the oil to its smoke point, as this can lead to the production of harmful compounds. Use lower heat settings whenever possible.\n- Quality and storage: Choose high-quality, cold-pressed canola oil when available, as it undergoes minimal processing. Store canola oil in a cool, dark place to protect it from heat, light, and air, which can contribute to oxidation. Consider purchasing smaller quantities to ensure freshness.\nIt’s important to consult with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian for personalized advice, especially if you have specific health concerns or dietary restrictions. They can provide guidance tailored to your individual needs and help you make informed choices about the oils and foods you consume.\nRemember that maintaining a healthy lifestyle involves a combination of various factors, including regular physical activity, a balanced diet, adequate sleep, stress management, and overall wellness.\n- Nutritional profile: Canola oil contains a good balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which are both essential for our body. While it is higher in omega-6 fatty acids, it still provides a source of omega-3s. Incorporating a variety of foods rich in omega-3s, such as fatty fish, chia seeds, flaxseeds, and walnuts, can help maintain a healthy balance between these two fatty acids.\n- Cardiovascular health: Canola oil’s low saturated fat content and high monounsaturated fat content have been associated with potential cardiovascular benefits. Monounsaturated fats, when used in moderation and as part of a heart-healthy diet, may help lower LDL cholesterol levels, reduce the risk of heart disease, and improve overall heart health.\n- Vitamin E content: Canola oil is a good source of vitamin E, an antioxidant that helps protect our cells from damage caused by free radicals. Vitamin E also plays a role in maintaining healthy skin and eyes, supporting our immune system, and promoting proper cell function.\n- Culinary versatility: Canola oil’s mild flavor and high smoke point make it a versatile cooking oil. It can be used for frying, baking, grilling, and sautéing, as well as in dressings, marinades, and sauces. Its neutral taste allows the flavors of other ingredients to shine through in dishes.\n- Research and safety: Numerous scientific studies have examined the health effects of canola oil, and overall, it has been found to be a safe and beneficial option when consumed as part of a balanced diet. It is important to consider the weight of evidence from reliable sources rather than focusing on isolated studies or anecdotal claims.\nIt’s important to remember that individual responses to different foods can vary, and some people may have specific dietary requirements or sensitivities. If you have concerns or questions about including canola oil in your diet, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian who can provide personalized guidance based on your unique needs and circumstances.\nUltimately, incorporating a variety of healthy fats, including canola oil, in moderation, as part of a diverse and balanced diet, is generally considered a healthy approach to nutrition.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://kharisorganics.com/blogs/news", "date": "2022-01-24T22:17:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320304686.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20220124220008-20220125010008-00013.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9082879424095154, "token_count": 2035, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__42777882", "lang": "en", "text": "1. Acne (Acne vulgaris)\nAcne, the most common skin disorder in the U.S., can be a source of anxiety for every teen. Plus, the incidence of acne is growing in adults, too.\nAcne is caused by blocked hair follicles and oil (sebaceous) glands of the skin, often triggered by hormonal changes. The term acne refers to not only pimples on the face, but blackheads, cysts, and nodules as well. Some people get acne on other parts of their body too, such as the back and chest.\nAcne treatment by a dermatologist is important because acne left unchecked can often lead to permanent scars and dark facial spots. For more moderate or severe acne, these options may be used:\nAdapalene topical (Differin) cream is now available over-the-counter without a prescription.\nIn severe acne cases, oral isotretinoin (Amnesteem, Claravis, other brands and generics) may be used, but comes with serious pregnancy warnings. This drug should not be used by female patients who are or may become pregnant. There is an extremely high risk that severe birth defects will result if pregnancy occurs while taking this drug.\nTretinoin topical (Retin-A, Avita, Altreno, other brands and generics) is also available in creams, gels and lotions. Discuss the use of this drug with your doctor: tretinoin should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly needed and the benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus.\nIn October 2018, sarecycline (Seysara) tablets were FDA-approved for the treatment of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris.\nSee managing and treating acne for other treatment options.\n2. Atopic dermatitis (Eczema)\nAtopic dermatitis is one of the most common forms of eczema seen in children. The exact cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but researchers believe it may involve genetics, the environment, and/or the immune system.\nAtopic dermatitis can appear on the face (especially in infants), hands, feet or in the creases and folds of the skin. Dry, scaly and itchy skin are the norm, and constant scratching may lead to a thickened area. While eczema often occurs in people with allergies, allergies do not cause eczema. Topical steroids are often used to lessen symptoms.\nIn March 2017, the FDA cleared Regeneron’s Dupixent (dupilumab) injection to treat adults with moderate-to-severe eczema who cannot use or have failed topical therapy. Clinical trials of Dupixent in over 2,100 adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis led to clear or almost clear skin as compared to placebo, with a reduction in itching, after 16 weeks of therapy. Dupixent can be used with or without topical corticosteroids.\nOther forms of eczema include contact dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis.\n3. Shingles (Herpes Zoster)\nShingles virus (herpes zoster) results in a red, blistered rash that may wrap around your torso or appear anywhere on your body. A fever, fatigue and headache may occur, too.\nTwo preventive shingles vaccines are approved in the United States:\nZostavax (zoster vaccine live) is available as a subcutaneous injection to prevent shingles and is recommended for use in people 60 years or older.\nShingrix (herpes zoster subunit vaccine) is approved for the prevention of shingles (herpes zoster) in adults aged 50 years and older. Shingrix is a non-live (inactivated), recombinant subunit vaccine given intramuscularly in two doses, with the second dose given 2 to 6 months after the first. Shingrix is now the preferred vaccine over Zostavax due to a higher rate of effectiveness (>90% effective).\nShingles is caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox - the varicella-zoster virus. If you've had chickenpox, you're at risk for shingles as the chickenpox virus lies dormant (not active) in your nervous system for years.\nSeniors and people with an impaired immune system are at highest risk. Shingles can be painful, but early treatment with antivirals like oral valacyclovir (Valtrex) can lessen symptoms.\n4. Hives (Urticaria)\nHives are the familiar welts (raised, red, itchy areas) that can occur on the skin. Common causes of hives include medication, food, and bug bites or stings.\nSeek urgent treatment or call 911 if your hives cover a large area of your body, your throat or facial area is swelling, or they affect your breathing. Hives usually go away in 2 to 4 hours; however, in some people hives may persist for months or years; this is known as chronic urticaria.\nAvoiding the trigger, whatever it may be, is the best tactic to prevent hives. When that is not possible, OTC antihistamines like loratadine (Claritin) or fexofenadine (Allegra) can be used to control itching.\nA drug used to treat allergic asthma, omalizumab (Xolair injection), was approved in 2014 to treat chronic urticaria in those with no response to antihistamines.\nThere's no doubt - it's easier to prevent a sunburn than to treat one.\nSunburns occur when there is too much exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun or sunlamps. The skin turns red, painful, hot to the touch, and may even peel away. It's hard to know how much time is safe in the sun, though, even with sunscreen protection. Repeated sunburns, especially as a child, can boost the risk for skin cancer later in life. Usually sunscreen needs to be reapplied every 2 hours, but you may just need to get out of the soon, too.\nThe first step in treating a sunburn is to seek shade, get inside if possible, and cool the skin down.\nTake a cool bath or shower with a mild soap.\nDrink plenty of fluids and moisturize the skin with a light, oil-free moisturizer or aloe vera while the skin is still damp.\nIn some cases, an OTC topical product with lidocaine might be needed.\nTaking an NSAID, such as ibuprofen, can help with any discomfort or swelling.\nSee a doctor if you have a fever, chills or severe blistering over a large portion of your body. Don't scratch or pop any blisters - this could lead to infection.\n6. Contact Dermatitis\nMost of us have had contact dermatitis - when we touch something that evolves into a skin reaction.\nContact dermatitis is a type of eczema, and may come from plants (poison ivy, sumac, oak), jewelry, latex gloves, and irritants like bleach or soaps.\nTo prevent contact dermatitis, avoid the object when possible.\nTo control symptoms, antihistamines, oral or topical steroids, and colloidal oatmeal baths are often helpful.\nIf your doctor suspects you have contact dermatitis, and the cause is unknown, they may suggest patch testing. In patch testing, allergic substances are applied to your skin. In a few days, your doctor will check for a reaction.\n7. Diaper Rash\nAnyone who has a child knows about the common problem of diaper rash. A wet or soiled diaper left on too long can lead to red bumps and rash in the diaper area, the buttocks, genitals, and skin folds. Urine and stool can break down skin, and chemicals in a disposable diaper can dissolve out and irritate the skin. Candida (yeast) or bacteria can also take advantage of the inflammed, broken, skin and complicate the rash.\nTo help prevent diaper rash, change diapers as needed to keep the area dry and expose the baby's bottom to fresh air when possible.\nYou can use an ointment like Desitin (zinc oxide topical) to form a protective barrier on the baby's bottom. If the rash still persists after 2 to 3 days, consult with your pediatrician.\nRosacea is a chronic swelling of the face, with redness, prominent blood vessels, and pimples.\nRosacea is most common in women over 30, but men can be affected too. Problems with the immune system, vein problems and/or environmental issues can cause the condition.\nDepending upon the symptoms, there are several effective treatments.\nAntibiotics, such as metronidazole cream or oral doxycycline can be used.\nAzelaic acid gel (Finacea), a naturally-occurring saturated dicarboxylic acid, can be used for the inflammed pimples.\nFor more severe cases, your doctor might suggest the acne drug isotretinoin.\nBeta blockers (to reduce flushing), the smallest dose of estrogen possible, or laser or surgical treatments may also reduce redness.\nIn January 2017, the FDA approved Rhofade (oxymetazoline) cream, a topical vasoconstrictor agent applied to the face once a day to shrink vessels and lessen the facial redness of rosacea in adults. Other prescription items include Soolantra (ivermectin) and Mirvaso (brimonidine).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://the-world-today.com/world/item/23460-breakthrough-triumph-fda-greenlights-first-ever-chikungunya-vaccine-paving-the-way-for-health-security", "date": "2024-04-14T08:40:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816875.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414064633-20240414094633-00175.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9245689511299133, "token_count": 653, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__79612412", "lang": "en", "text": "In a groundbreaking move, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for Ixchiq, the inaugural vaccine designed to combat the Chikungunya virus. Developed by Valneva, this milestone approval extends to individuals aged 18 and above who are at risk of exposure to the virus. Chikungunya, transmitted through mosquito bites, shares its carrier with the likes of dengue and Zika, as highlighted by Dr. Marc Siegel, a clinical professor of medicine at NYU Langone Medical Center and a medical contributor at Fox News.\nCharacterizing Chikungunya as an \"emerging global health threat,\" the FDA disclosed a staggering five million reported cases over the past 15 years. Dr. Peter Marks, the director of the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, emphasized the gravity of the virus, stating, \"Infection with Chikungunya virus can lead to severe disease and prolonged health problems, particularly for older adults and individuals with underlying medical conditions.\" The FDA's approval marks a crucial step in addressing this unmet medical need and represents a significant stride in preventing a potentially debilitating disease that currently boasts limited treatment options.\nPrior to obtaining FDA approval, Ixchiq underwent rigorous safety evaluations in clinical trials involving 3,500 adults. Commonly reported side effects among participants included headaches, muscle pain, fatigue, joint pain, nausea, fever, and tenderness at the injection site. While the majority experienced only mild reactions, a small fraction (1.6%) faced adverse effects, leading to hospitalization for two recipients, according to the FDA's release.\nFurther bolstering confidence in Ixchiq, a separate study gauged the vaccine's efficacy based on immune response data from 266 adult participants. Remarkably, almost all participants displayed protective antibody levels, underscoring the potential effectiveness of the newly approved Chikungunya vaccine. This approval marks a crucial milestone in public health, offering hope in the battle against a virus that has posed a significant global threat for over a decade.\nIn conclusion, the FDA's approval of Ixchiq, the first-ever Chikungunya vaccine developed by Valneva, marks a watershed moment in global health. With Chikungunya recognized as an emerging threat, the vaccine's approval addresses a critical gap in medical preparedness. Dr. Peter Marks' assertion that the virus can lead to severe health issues, particularly for vulnerable populations, underscores the significance of this milestone.\nThe comprehensive evaluation process, involving 3,500 adults in safety trials and a separate study affirming the vaccine's efficacy, instills confidence in Ixchiq's potential to combat Chikungunya effectively. Despite some reported side effects, the overall safety profile remains encouraging, offering a crucial preventive measure against a virus that has affected millions over the past 15 years.\nThis approval not only represents a triumph in the scientific community's ongoing battle against infectious diseases but also signifies a tangible advancement in public health. As Ixchiq becomes a reality, there is newfound hope in mitigating the impact of Chikungunya, contributing to a healthier and more resilient global population.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://rektorluk.istinye.edu.tr/en/rector", "date": "2021-09-18T20:24:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780056572.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20210918184640-20210918214640-00418.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9430837035179138, "token_count": 882, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__3719922", "lang": "en", "text": "Prof. Erdal Karaöz\nProf. Erdal Karaöz finished his university education at Dicle University in 1986 , and completed his Doctorate in the Department of Histology and Embryology at Gazi University’s Faculty of Medicine in 1994. He received the titles of Associate Professor and Professor in 1996 and 2002, respectively. Having worked in “Stem Cell, Tissue Engineering and Gene Therapies” since 2000, Prof. Erdal Karaöz carried out studies in “Embryonic Stem Cell and Islet Transplantation” at Harvard University in Boston, USA in 2005. Prof. Erdal Karaöz has 4 published books, 158 published articles (102 of which are international articles), and he is the author of chapters in 11 books ( 7 of which are international). In 2007, he founded “Kocaeli University (KOU) Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Application Center” (KÖGEM) which is Turkey’s first corporate R&D center in its field. During his time at KÖGEM, he organized a total of 23 nationally and internationally recognized courses on “Stem Cell, Tissue Engineering and Endometrium-Embryo Co-Culture”. Within this period, he served as a coordinator, researcher and advisor on many national and international projects, including 30 TUBITAK projects.\nHe worked as the Founding President of the Stem Cell Department at the Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University in 2010, and paved the way for the start of the first Postgraduate Program on “Stem Cell” in Turkey. He retired from this role at his own request on 1 October 2014 and, afterwards, he started to work as the Supervisor of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Production Centers at Liv Hospital, Istanbul. In addition to peer-reviewing for many international scientific journals, Prof. Erdal Karaöz is on the editorial board of some of these journals. He serves as an assistant editor for the “Stem Cell Treatments” section of Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Journal.\nProf. Karaöz served as the founding board chairman of the “The Society of Stem Cell and Cellular Treatments” from 2013-2016. Prof. Karaöz mainly conducts R&D studies on beta-cell replacement applications with embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in the treatment of diabetes, as well as on the immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, neovascularization and fine structure characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells obtained from various tissues and organs. He continues to work as a consultant in the process of establishing many national and international stem cell laboratories. Today, he manages the processes requiring or not requiring ministerial approval to assist people with various diseases to benefit from cellular therapy options with human-transferable cells produced at the GMP (Good Manufacture Practice) Lab of the Regenerative Medicine Center under his directorship within Private Liv Hospital. Prof. Karaöz took part in several Ministry of Health-approved clinical trial and research projects entitled the Allogeneic Umbilical Cord Matrix-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Activity for many diseases such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Spinocerebellar ataxia, Friedreich ataxia, Non-progressive congenital myopathy, spinal injury, Retinitis pigmentosa, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, encephalomalacia secondary to head trauma, cerebral palsy and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) that are impossible to treat with today’s known medical methods.\nProf. Karaöz also maintains his academic works as the founding Vice President and as a lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine at Istinye University founded as per the law dated 01.04.2015 and numbered 6642. As the founder of the Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Application Center at ISU, Prof. Erdal Karaöz carries out his national and international R&D activities at this center while simultaneously conducting the Postgraduate Program of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.sino-report.com/report/medical/spinal-muscular-atrophy.html", "date": "2022-07-04T21:50:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104496688.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220704202455-20220704232455-00180.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9391471743583679, "token_count": 450, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__162050533", "lang": "en", "text": "About this market\nWith the increase in development of new innovative therapies, there is a growing demand for spinal muscular atrophy treatment. The market is witnessing an increase in the development of new innovative therapies for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy. For instance, two innovative new therapies for type 1 spinal muscular atrophy have proven to be highly effective in ongoing clinical trials. The first therapy employed a DNA-loaded virus to replace the missing SMN1 gene with a fresh copy of the gene. The second therapy, which has already been approved by the FDA, is called nusinersen (SPINRAZA). It promotes the production of the nerve protein by SMN2. These two therapies have improved the motor function in babies. AveXis in 2018, entered into a licensing agreement with Genethon for the in vivo gene therapy delivery of AAV9 vector into the CNS for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy. Technavio's analysts have predicted that the spinal muscular atrophy treatment market will register a CAGR of almost 23% by 2023.\nRising number of initiatives being taken by organizations to provide patient care\nSeveral organizations are taking initiatives to provide the best care to patients suffering from spinal muscular atrophy, and some organizations such as Cure SMA are offering care packages and family support staff to newly diagnosed patients.\nLow adoption of spinal muscular atrophy treatment\nOne of the major challenges faced in the market is low adoption of spinal muscular atrophy drug therapy as patients have a higher propensity towards other approaches, such as physiotherapy, nutritional support, respiratory care, and enablement strategies.\nFor the detailed list of factors that will drive and challenge the growth of the spinal muscular atrophy treatment market during the 2019-2023 period, view our report.\nThe market appears to be highly concentrated and with the presence of Biogen, the market is expected to grow less concentrated with the emergence of new players during the forecast period. Factors such as increase in development of new innovative therapies and rising number of initiatives being taken by organizations to provide patient care, will provide considerable growth opportunities to spinal muscular atrophy treatment companies. Biogen is the major company covered in this report.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.burdocktea.net/Burdock-Tea-Benefits/", "date": "2015-03-02T14:58:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-11/segments/1424936462839.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20150226074102-00035-ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9727921485900879, "token_count": 474, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-11", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-11__0__116518470", "lang": "en", "text": "While modern medicine has done countless things to increase our longevity, cure many diseases, and help us be the healthiest that we can, there is no way to overlook the many different benefits that natural herbal remedies can provide. Before modern medicine, natural remedies were relied on almost entirely to treat any medical issue or health problem. From bloating to bleeding, swelling to diarrhea, herbal and natural remedies were used throughout the world. Today, we understand much more about the body and how to treat medical problems, but natural remedies still hold a place in our lives. Burdock tea is one such remedy and offers numerous health benefits to those who use it.\nThe main benefits it can provide are in stomach and digestive issues. It can help aid digestion and keep your intestines clean by flushing them. Those with gastrointestinal problems such as IBS or acid reflux can truly benefit from it, and their problems are lessened in severity by drinking it. Burdock tea can stimulate your appetite as well, and even help to lower blood sugar levels in the body slightly. It has long been relied on as a purifier and detoxification agent, flushing toxins and waste products from not just the intestines but also the kidneys, urinary tract, and liver.\nOther studies have found that it can improve the immune system by boosting your resistance to bacteria and provide antioxidants. The cleansing properties of this tea can help cleanse the bloodstream and promote healthy liver function as well. It has even been shown to improve circulation and reduce certain inflammations in the body, and has been used to combat rheumatism in some cases.\nThere are many more benefits to be found in burdock tea. It can help promote healthy skin, assist those that suffer from diabetes, and it even has studies that back it as an effective preventative tea for certain cancers. With all the benefits that this tea has to offer, it’s no wonder why many herbalists turn to rely on it for helping them to maintain a healthy body and lifestyle. For those that are interested in buying and using burdock tea, it is generally advised to drink two to three cups a day as desired. Burdock tea is considered safe for everyone however it is not advised to drink it if you are pregnant since it can have a chance of inducing contractions which can lead to early childbirth.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://liulo.fm/podcast/doctalk-nafld-prevalence-increasing-in-pediatric-patients-doctalk-podcast-pd6268a039e9033f91e282b2b9", "date": "2022-12-07T17:29:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711200.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20221207153419-20221207183419-00327.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9453966617584229, "token_count": 185, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__156779621", "lang": "en", "text": "Last week, a new investigation confirmed a higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in pediatric patients than previously thought.\nThe data was part of the ongoing observational study called TARGET-NASH, which included participants with NAFLD and/or alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).\nThe study, which included 660 pediatric patients, cited an increase in liver disease following evaluation of alanine aminotransferase.\nNotably, pediatric patients with greater than 250 U/L ATL had an eight-fold greater risk of developing cirrhosis.\nFor this episode of DocTalk, Miriam Vos, MD, MSPH, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, sat down with assistant managing editor Kenny Walter to discuss the data from TARGET-NASH as well as the implications of NAFLD in pediatric patients.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://hownabout.com/cactus-pollination/", "date": "2022-09-29T17:26:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335362.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20220929163117-20220929193117-00032.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9290534853935242, "token_count": 498, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__292200986", "lang": "en", "text": "Cacti have evolved to reproduce in two different ways: asexually, where a portion of the cactus grows and then splits off to form a new yet identical cactus; and sexually, where genetic material from another cactus mixes with the genes of the host cactus, forming a new cactus that is different to both of its parents. Sexual reproduction in cacti occurs via pollination, just like many other plants. Although self-pollination is possible in some species of plant, in most cases it is insects and other creatures that will pollinate the cactus.\nInsects are by far the most common pollinators of cacti, with a large variety of different insects responsible for pollinating different cacti depending on the area the cactus is growing in and the nearby insect population. Some species of cactus have evolved to specialize in feeding specific insects, such as Oxypetalum specializing in hawk moths. Others are pollinated by bees, wasps, butterflies and beetles.\nBirds come closest to insects in terms of their importance to cactus pollination. The bright flowers produced by many cacti serve to attract birds to the plant and approximately 2000 species of bird are capable of feeding from a cactus safely; with hummingbirds being the most common. Like the hawk moth and the species of cactus-feeding vampire bat, the birds able to feed from cacti generally have long tongues that can lick the nectar from long filaments.\nSome cacti, such as the Organ Pipe cactus and the Saguaro, produce large flowers with very strong scents caused by high quantities of both nectar and pollen. These flowers are often funnel-shaped and attract certain species of bat, especially the Glossophagidae genus and vampire bats. Pollen from the cactus catches on the bat as it clings to the flowers while it feeds. The bat then pollenates cacti it moves between during feeding.\nAlthough humanity is a relative newcomer to cactus pollination, gardeners play an important role in breeding new varieties of cactus. Humans brush the pollen from the flowers of one cactus using a cotton bud or other implement and then transfer it manually to the next cactus by brushing the pollen-coated implement on the stigma.\nFor more information on what pollinates cacti, see", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://things-i-have-learnt.com/2017/05/30/oak/", "date": "2023-01-28T15:59:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499646.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20230128153513-20230128183513-00374.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9768701791763306, "token_count": 951, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__241327831", "lang": "en", "text": "Like a mouldering but still proud old man, Britain’s most famous tree species stands head and shoulders above all others in the national consciousness. The Oak is revered for its strength, its stature and its grizzled, gnarled permanence. From the earliest times, the Oak has been associated with the most powerful gods – with Zeus and Odin – its height – often bringing it in range of lightning strikes – brought it a strong connection with fire, as though its branches, reaching to the skies, were in communion with the very gods themselves. We can only wonder today at how the sight of a mighty Oak erupting in flame as a tempest raged about it must have impressed itself upon the imagination of the people who witnessed it – a people still utterly bound to the natural world, their lives inescapably entwined with the elements. When life and death were so easily at the mercy of these extraordinary forces, we can quite see how these great, powerful trees that stretched into the heavens can have taken on a godlike aura of their own.\nOaks are often known in folklore as the King of the Woods and its myths and personae seem unquestionably male, but in many ways the Oak can also be seen as a mother – a giver of life. No other tree of the British Isles supports such an array of living organisms as the Oak, from mosses and lichens, to insects and other invertebrates to the birds and small mammals that feed on them and ultimately to the higher predators that live on them in turn. Every tree is an ecosystem – a whole world in itself – and that can be no truer of any tree than the vast Oak.\nIn the 1st Century AD the great Roman historian Pliny the Elder wrote of a Ritual of Oak and Mistletoe that he reported was happening in Britain. Mistletoe was revered by the Celtic people who inhabited the islands and their druids; and none more so than that which grew on the Oak tree. With great ceremony the druids would climb the tree, cut the mistletoe with a golden sickle, throw it from the branches and catch it in a white cloak. Two white bulls would be sacrificed and an elixir made from the plant, which was believed to cure infertility and to counter the effects of poison. In ancient times, mistletoe was seen as magical because it remains green throughout the winter and its mere appearance – an alien lurking in the branches of its host – must have given it an air of great mystery and power.\nAs a mighty Oak ages, it often enters a “stag-headed” phase, where the highest branches die off and the crown of the tree moves down, the transportation within its vascular network thus becoming easier. As this happens, the circumference of the tree increases and its great girth begins to cause problems for the tree as a whole. The bark can no longer contain its bulk and it eventually splits, exposing the wood within to the elements. Soon, water finds its way in and the tree starts to rot. As the interior breaks down, the outer, living part of the tree then grows roots into itself and consumes the decomposing wood within. The heartwood having long-since died, the tree can sacrifice the strength it gives for its continued life. In the end this process leads to the outer part of the tree splitting into a ring of smaller trees but all still growing from the same old roots. In this way an Oak can live for many hundreds of years.\nNo other tree has been so extensively used in medieval building and in naval construction. The strength for which it was revered became inextricably linked with a vision of a powerful nation protected under its spreading boughs and still today, while protected from over-felling, it is a highly sought-after wood for many purposes, from framing houses, to building furniture and even to warming us as an excellent firewood. In the wheelwright’s workshop, it was used to make the spokes of a wheel, such was its straight, strong grain and its resilience under compression. From common people who were married under the boughs of Oak trees, to the the royals like Elizabeth who received news that she was Queen beneath one and Charles II who hid in one to evade capture as he escaped the country after Worcester, there is no tree that can rival its complete entanglement in the national imagination. This great living godlike plant is a portal both to the heavens and the vastness of the universe and to the tiny worlds of the minute creatures that inhabit its darker recesses. We would do well to retain the reverence our forebears had for this glorious tree.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.jumbowild.com/wildness", "date": "2014-12-18T14:23:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-52/segments/1418802767198.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20141217075247-00156-ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9084302186965942, "token_count": 975, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-52", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-52__0__202371394", "lang": "en", "text": "Scientific information has demonstrated that the Jumbo Resort project will have very substantial negative environmental impacts on the glaciers, the watershed and will eventually impact the internationally recognized Ramsar designated Columbia Wetlands. Threatened and endangered wildlife such as mountain caribou, grizzly bear, mountain goats, wolverine and bull trout will be negatively impacted.\nThe environmental assessment process was extremely flawed and reported by individuals inside the process to have been politically directed and not based on the science provided by the Government’s own biologists.\n“The proposed Jumbo Glacier Resort has the potential for substantial and direct cumulative impacts to the Central Purcell Grizzly Bear population.”\n- BC Ministry of Water Land and Air Protection, 2004\n“...there will be a substantial impact to grizzly bear habitat effectiveness, mortality risk, and most importantly, the fragmentation of grizzly bear distribution…”\n- Matt Austin, Large Carnivore Specialist, Biodiversity Branch, Government of B.C.\n“While the developer claims to be committed to ‘no net impact’ to grizzly bears this could only be achieved by reducing or largely eliminating human activities in surrounding watersheds, including, but not limited to, the Glacier, Howser, Toby, Horsethief, and Brewer/Dutch drainages.”\n- Stefan Himmer, BSc. RPBio\n“My colleagues and I see the southern Purcell mountains as one of the last non–fragmented “fingers” of southern grizzly bear distribution in BC.”\n- Dr. John Boulanger\n“No other land management prescription of the Forest directly results in more stream-water depletion, wetlands impacts, …or permanent habitat loss (than ski areas).\"\n- Cynthia Cody, US Environmental Protection Agency\nBlue listed species such as bull trout, cutthroat trout, wolverine and mountain goats will be adversely impacted.\n- Report to EAO from scientists Chris Beers, Cam Gillies & Rene Franken\n\" Climate Change is the new reality. Glaciers are melting worldwide, and rates of decline have doubled since the 1980’s. Waters are drying up – in the Canadian West, late summer flows are dwindling, threatening communities, farms, and fish. There is no question that climate-related phenomena have become the major environmental concern of this century.\"\n- Dr. David Suzuki\n“Glaciers are critical to local environments and water supplies. It is expected that the remaining glaciers of the Purcells and Rockies will have ablated to the point of disappearing in less than 4 decades.”\n- Dr. Mindy Brugman, Glaciologist\nSnow packs in the Southern Canadian Rockies are expected to drop from 30-50% within 3 decades based on climate change models for the Columbia Basin.\n- University of Washington\nEven the government’s own experts predict severe impact on the grizzly bears of the Purcell Range.\n\"This project is expected to result in direct human-caused mortality of grizzly bears due to actual or potential bear-human conflicts within the Jumbo Creek valley and bears being struck and killed by vehicles on the access road to the project.\"\n“In addition, if human-caused mortalities do occur as a result of the project the provincial government will need to reduce hunting opportunities to offset this impact.\"\n“Offsite mitigation required to achieve the ‘no net impact’ standard will require approvals by the provincial government and possibly legislative changes (e.g. legal restrictions on motorized access).\"\n* * *\n“Perhaps the most fundamental issue to be considered in the evaluation of the potential impact of the project on grizzly bears is the permanence of the proposed development versus the potential permanence of any mitigation program. It is critical that the timeframe over which the mitigation of the project’s impacts is implemented coincides with the lifespan of the project (i.e. indefinite) and that mechanisms are established to ensure the long-term security of this mitigation. This will be a substantial challenge.\"\n\"As a result of this challenge, I recommend that, in the absence of extraordinary measures to ensure the indefinite implementation of mitigation measures, those considering the impacts of this project on grizzly bears should assume that over the long-term mitigative measures will not be implemented to a degree that will achieve the “no net impact” standard. Instead I recommend that it be assumed that there will be a substantial impact to grizzly bear habitat effectiveness, mortality risk and, most importantly, the fragmentation of grizzly bear distribution in the Purcell Mountains over the long-term as a result of the project.”\n- Matt Austin, Large Carnivore Specialist, Ministry of Environment", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.reelweeds.com/index.php?cID=207", "date": "2024-04-19T14:23:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817438.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419141145-20240419171145-00520.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9083924889564514, "token_count": 663, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__74778930", "lang": "en", "text": "Dramatic AquaHabitat Results\nWe are currently out of all 6 foot Reel Weeds. Reel Weeds can easily be spliced together to create longer lengths which is practical for aquahabitat and aquariums.\nIntroducing Reel Weeds in AquaHabitats and AquaCulture arenas provide an environment in which fish feel comfortable living, nesting and reproducing. Numerous stock ponds are now stocked with Reel Weeds to aid in providing structure, refuge and controlled aquatic management.\nUse Reel Weeds in private stock ponds, rearing ponds, backyard ponds or lakes that require much needed nesting and/or protective habitat.\nReel Weeds for AquaHabitat™ are available in 4 foot and 6 foot length packs of 50 and are manufactured with quality and environmental safety in mind. They contain no wire, dye, or any other harmful residuals or bacterial absorbent qualities. Each comes with a clip on bottom for easy attachment.\nEase of Use, Ease of Removal and Longevity\nReel Weeds are a leading solution for AquaHabitat uses because they are easily deployed and can be easily removed after spawning, unlike other fish attractors on the market that are often left in lakes year-round, and do not remain intact for long.\nCase Study: South Dakota Perch Habitat\nWorking to address the unpredictable perch population in a glacial lake, officials from the South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks Department authorized a pilot program initiated by LaDredge Outdoors. In coordination with the South Dakota State University (SDSU), the groups placed 250 Reel Weeds™ structures in five areas throughout the lake.\nWithin 43 hours of deploying 250 Reel Weeds™ structures, 14 perch egg masses appeared. As water temperature increased in April, another 204 egg masses appeared in the next seven days. By the end of the spawning period, researchers found 247 egg masses on Reel Weeds™ structures. Each adult perch egg mass contains approximately 25,000 eggs. The custom design of Reel Weeds creates perfect adherence ability for the egg.\nDr. Dave Willis of the SDSU Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences tracked the progress of the research. “I was not surprised by the yellow perch using them,” he said. “I was surprised by the sheer number of egg masses on the Reel Weeds™.”\nWillis said the biggest benefit of Reel Weeds™ is the product’s ease of use, ease of removal and longevity.\nRead More: Jumbo Perch Reproduction Project [PDF]\nPondBoss.com's \"Reel Weeds - For Real!\" Article on Reel Weeds™ for AquaHabitat\nThis article detailing the success of the Reel Weeds AquaHabitat project is featured on South Dakota State University's website as a resource for the Department of Natural Resource Management division.\nIf you are interested in discussing projects to increase the structure and habitat in your pond or fishery, contact us. We are happy to work with you to answer any questions and/or assist you in designing a Reel Weeds™ habitat project.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://redcedarriver.weebly.com/watershed-facts.html", "date": "2022-12-01T18:06:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710829.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20221201153700-20221201183700-00035.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9476805329322815, "token_count": 492, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__25075181", "lang": "en", "text": "Red Cedar River Watershed Facts\nThe Red Cedar watershed covers approximately 461 square miles. It originates in Livingston County and flows north and then west for approximately fifty miles until it enters the Grand River in Ingham County. It spans from Marion and Howell townships in Livingston County to East Lansing and Mason in Ingham County. It includes the land and cities in between, such as Fowlerville and Williamston, towns to the south such as Dansville, and Meridian Township to the north. It includes parts of Ingham, Livingston, Clinton, Shiawasee, and Eaton Counties.\nThe Red Cedar River Watershed is a diverse landscape of grasslands, wetlands, forests, agricultural, and developed residential, commercial, and industrial land. Historically the area was predominately forested (1). Today, much of the land is engineered to drain water from the soil by way of drain tiles, buried pipes that collect and convey groundwater from the soil to the river. Urban areas are also drained by way of storm sewers. Water drained by both drain tiles and storm sewers are not treated and drain directly into the Red Cedar River or its tributaries.\nSubsequently, as with most urban rivers, pressures on the Red Cedar River include intensive agricultural land use in the headwaters and middle of the watershed and urban development downstream. The size of the urbanized area within the Red Cedar River Watershed is approximately 100 square miles.\nThe Red Cedar River and connecting water bodies can be an asset and highlight of this community. Surveyed residents of the Red Cedar Watershed think the watershed is most important for nature walks, fishing, boating, hunting, and to drain the land (2).\nThe State of Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have declared that areas of the Red Cedar River Watershed are not meeting federally set Water Quality Standards for the bacteria E. coli. Due to the E. coli levels, the water is too frequently unsafe to swim in or use for activities such as boating. The presence of E. coli bacteria indicates fecal contamination of warm blooded animals. Persons in contact with excessive amounts of E. coli may be at risk of contracting Infections or diseases.\nYou can read more about the DEQ’s reporting of this watershed in the TMDL document on the right.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://25.scielo.org/es/ponente/barend-mons/", "date": "2024-04-13T04:54:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816535.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413021024-20240413051024-00563.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9397507905960083, "token_count": 333, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__116741039", "lang": "en", "text": "Barend Mons (born 1957, The Hague) is a molecular biologist by training and a leading FAIR data specialist. The first decade of his scientific career he spent on fundamental research on malaria parasites and later on translational research for malaria vaccines. In the year 2000 he switched to advanced data stewardship and (biological) systems analytics. He is currently a professor in Leiden and most known for innovations in scholarly collaboration, especially nanopublications, knowledge graph based discovery and most recently the FAIR data initiative and GO FAIR. Since 2012 he is Professor in biosemantics in the Department of Human Genetics at the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) and since May 2022 also at the Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR) in The Netherlands. In 2015 Barend was appointed chair of the High Level Expert Group on the European Open Science Cloud. In 2017 Barend started the International Support and Coordination office of the GO FAIR initiative. He is also the elected president of CODATA, the standing committee on research data related issues of the International Science Council. Since 2021, Barend is the Scientific Director of the GO FAIR Foundation. Barend is a member of the Netherlands Academy of Technology and Innovation (ACTI). He is also the European representative in the Board on research Data and Information (BRDI) of the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine in the USA. Barend is a frequent keynote speaker about FAIR and open science around the world, and participates in various scientific advisory boards of international research projects.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thetackshop.com.au/products/jurox-promectin-plus-worming-paste", "date": "2022-07-07T11:05:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104690785.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220707093848-20220707123848-00240.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7234662175178528, "token_count": 579, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__112051005", "lang": "en", "text": "Jurox Promectin Plus Worming Paste\nOr make 4 interest-free payments of $4.98 fortnightly with More Info\nAll Wormer for Horses & Ponies. Anthelmintic for the treatment of internal and external parasites of horses and for alleviation of mineral deficiencies.\nA broad spectrum wormer for the treatment and control of internal parasites in horses.\nTapeworms: Anoplocephala perfoliata, A. magna, and Paranoplocephala mammillana (adult and immature, heads and segments)\nLarge strongyles: Strongylus vulgaris (adults and arterial larval stages), S. edentatus (adults and tissue stages), S. equinus(adults) and Triodontophorus spp. (adults)\nSmall strongyles: including benzimidazole resistant strains (adult and immature) Cyathostomum spp., Cylicocylus spp., Cylicostephanus spp.,Cylicodontophorus spp., and Gyalocephalus spp.\nPinworms: Oxyuris equi (adult and immature)\nAscarids: Parascaris equorum (adult and immature)\nHairworm: Trichostrongylus axei (adult)\nLarge mouthed stomach worm: Habronema muscae (adult)\nNeck threadworm: Onchocerca spp. (microfilariae)\nBots: Gasterophilus spp. (oral and gastric stages)\nLungworm: Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (adult and immature)\nIntestinal threadworm: Strongyloides westeri (adult)\nAlso effectively controls skin lesions caused by Habronema and Draschia spp., and cutaneous larvae (summer sores) and microfilariae of Onchocerca spp. (cutaneous onchocerciasis).\nAbamectin 3.7 mg/g Praziquantel 46.2 mg/g\nDose orally at the recommended rate of 0.2 mg/kg abamectin and 2.5 mg/kg praziquantel. Each weight marking on the syringe plunger will deliver sufficient paste to treat 50 kg bodyweight. The contents of this syringe will treat a total of 600 kg bodyweight.\nAll horses should be included in a regular parasite control program, with particular attention paid to mares, foals and yearlings.\nConsult a veterinarian for a control program to meet your needs.\nMeat Withholding Period (Horses)\nDO NOT USE less than 28 days before slaughter for human consumption.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://beaslightlybetterparent.wordpress.com/", "date": "2019-01-19T11:21:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583662893.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20190119095153-20190119121153-00057.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9604062438011169, "token_count": 2204, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__144583255", "lang": "en", "text": "There are so many different places to get information on health, nutrition, child development, and parenting: the news, magazines, websites, blogs, your pediatrician your mother-in-law. It can be overwhelming to sort out the facts and decided what to do for your children. Good sources at least tell you where they got their information (who is Dr. KnowItAll anyhow?); better sources cite specific studies (are they quality studies?); the best sources are peer-reviewed scientific articles. Unfortunately, these articles can be hard to access, and even harder to understand. It is my hope that this guide will introduce you to the world of research and give you some basic tools so you can go straight to the source, finding the best information for your family.\nSo why bother reading the study instead of the news article? Newspapers are trying to get your attention, so they often take parts of a study and write a catchy headline that can be misleading. Here’s an example: “ A cheese sandwich is all you need for strong decision making”. The actual articles is “Serotonin modulates behavioral reactions to unfairness” and the researchers didn’t even mention cheese. What they did do was give subjects a drink that affected their serotonin levels indirectly through tryptophan, then presented them with a situation where they were treated unfairly and recorded the tendency to take revenge. It so happens that cheese and chocolate contain tryptophan too, but it’s a big jump to go from an artificial tryptophan cocktail to a cheese sandwich, and from a controlled test on unfairness and revenge to “strong decision making”, whatever that means. While it’s not the easiest way to get information, reading the study itself is the most reliable way. (http://www.ted.com/talks/molly_crockett_beware_neuro_bunk.html?quote=1993. http://www.sciencemag.org/content/320/5884/1739.short)\nI would like to present you with some tools to help make accessing the studies easier. First, we will talk about places to find studies to read. Second, we will go through some different types of studies you might find. Next, we will go through some of the roadblocks to understanding you may encounter. Finally, we will take everything we have learned and evaluate studies to make decisions applicable to our lives.\nThe easiest tool for the home investigator like yourself is probably Google Scholar. It is a free search engine that contains scholarly articles, many of which are free to read. Others may only give an abstract or summary, so you can get the gist without any of the details. If you want more details you can purchase the article, but that is quite expensive. Many college and university libraries already subscribe to the most reputable science journals and may offer free services to the public, so check their periodicals section first. I have even heard of large public libraries offering this service as well.\nSo now that you have started looking for papers, let’s talk about some different types of studies you will find. When we are talking about medical studies, such as you will find when you look for information on disease and nutrition, you will find three basic types: in vitro, animal, and clinical. In vitro tests take tissue from people or animals, and test them in a lab to see how they react to different treatments or exposures. Animal tests, you guessed it, are done on animals, and are usually the result of a promising in vitro test done earlier. The advantage to animal tests is that the effect the researchers are testing can be seen in a whole organism not just small groups of isolated cells as in an in vitro test. If the animal tests go well, scientists move on to clinical tests where volunteers are subjected to certain treatment and the results are reported. Clinical tests are the most applicable to our lives, and there is danger in jumping to conclusions from in vitro or animal tests although they are very important steps in the process. Clinical tests may be blind tests, where the subjects don’t know what treatment they are receiving, or double blind, where neither the subjects nor the administrators of the test know.\nOf course, not all studies are strictly biological. Studies of behavior usually fall into three categories: cross-sectional, retrospective, and prospective. Cross-sectional studies are surveys about present factors and conditions that try to find relationships. (For example, how tall are you, and do you have blonde hair? might show that blondes are taller than brunettes) These are fairly easy studies to conduct and a great starting point for research, but it only shows correlations, not causes. A good quality cross-sectional study can still make really good guesses about causes though by doing some fancy statistics to weed out already known causes. Retrospective studies are a better look into causation because they ask people about past behavior and compare it to their current condition. One problem with these is that they rely on people’s memory and honesty. The best, and most time consuming and expensive, studies are prospective because they take a group of people and track them into the future.\nOnce you have an idea what kind of study you are looking at you start reading, and maybe it is getting complicated and overwhelming fast. You do need to have some background knowledge as you attack the literature. Check out my list of recommended books for basic information on subjects in which you are particularly interested. For more specific questions, I have found Wikipedia to be a great resource. While anyone can write a Wikipedia article, the more common articles are quite accurate thanks to that very fact. Mistakes get taken out so quickly because anyone can correct them.\nThe next challenge is probably all the statistics. I want all of you math-phobes to take a big deep breath; it isn’t going to be too bad. Here’s what we are covering today: confidence intervals, distributions, and significant results. There is off course a lot more to learn about statistics, but those three things should get you started.\nFirst: confidence intervals. We can never include 100% of the population in a study, so we take a sample, maybe 300 people. We then try to take what we learned about those 300 people and generalize it to the population in question. A confidence interval tells you how sure we are that our results (the sample) match reality (the population) within a certain range. In the literature it will say something like, +/- 3 grams, 95% confidence interval, meaning that we are 95% sure that we have the “right answer” within 3 grams. The thing to look for with confidence intervals is to look at the extremes. If the bottom of the interval is in the negatives, you might question the results. For example, they may say eating eating a certain food has a positive average effect within a certain interval, but the bottom of that interval is actually a negative effect, so there is a chance that this food is actually bad for you! That’s why we never just look at an average.\nAverages are also misleading when there is a wide distribution of results, meaning that a variable had much more affect on some people than others. You may be familiar with “the bell curve” or a normal distribution. This is where the vast majority of results are right around the average, and the further away from the average, the fewer data points there are. If we graphed it with results along the bottom, and number of people who got those results along the side, it looks like a bell. When studies look like this, they are easy to interpret, but that’s not always how things fall. Always pay attention to the distribution curve when it is provided in a study. If the graph has a long tail to the right, than the average will be pulled to the right, and most people/results will be less than “average”, and visa-versa for a long tail to the left. You may also see two humps, meaning that there were two common results. In that case, the average is probably between the two most common results, even though that is a low point on the graph: perhaps there isn’t a single data point at the average!\nAnother problem with not being about to study a whole population is that when we do find that a variable has an affect on the results we must make sure that we didn’t just get lucky. For example, say we are trying to see if 3-spotted ladybugs like water more than 4-spotted ladybugs so we go to the pond and the forest and collect five lady bugs at each site. We count the spots and find that all the ladybugs at the pond have 3 spots, and only three of the five from the forest had 3 spots. We must ask: what if we just happened to pick up the only 5 three-spotted ladybugs at the pond, and the other 50 bugs we didn’t catch all have 4-spots, and we just happened to find fewer three-spotted ladybugs in the forest even though they are much more common there? If that is the case, then our study would draw the wrong conclusion. This is what they are taking about when they say there is a “significant difference”. It doesn’t mean the difference is large, simply that considering the sample size compared to the population, and considering the difference they did find, they are reasonably sure that it is not just luck, there is a really correlation here. There is a mathematical formula to decide if a result qualifies as “significant”, but it can be a little misleading because the larger the sample, the smaller the difference needs to be before it is “significant” so check that before you base major life changes on the study. If the study included a huge number of people, the “significant” result could be tiny and perhaps not worth turning your life upside down. (Statistics for Engineers and Scientists by William Navidi)\nOkay, so we have gone through how to get your hands on some scholarly papers, and how to make sense of them. Now it’s time to decide what we think. Evaluating the quality of a study is mostly about common sense. Look for anything in the methodology that might introduce bias, such as it not being a double blind study, or perhaps the sample is not representative of the population. Do a search of other papers that reference this one. Have the results been replicated? criticized? or disproven elsewhere? In the end, it is up to you to decide how this research affects you and your family.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.babesphotos.com/blog/2016/10/lily-pads", "date": "2018-07-16T10:21:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676589251.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20180716095945-20180716115945-00100.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8580970764160156, "token_count": 246, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__71450046", "lang": "en", "text": "No matter how you size them up they are BIG!\nLily Pads known as The Giant Water Lily…\nNative of the Amazon but we found them in Waimea, Oahu!\nThe Giant Water Lily lives up to its name!\nJust the facts:\n- Leaves 7 ft. in diameter!\n- Holds up to 300 pounds!\nMore about the flower:\n- Scientific name is Victoria Amazonica.\n- Purple undersurface of leaves is a network of ribs.\n- Air trapped in between ribs allows the leaves to float.\nSeeing is believing!\n- Flowers last only 48 hours.\n- First evening flowers open as white.\n- Flower scent attracts a beetle that deposits pollen in the flower.\n- Flower shuts, trapping the beetle until the next evening.\n- Second evening flower reopens as purplish-red.\n- Beetle flies off to find another white flower.\nAdd Lily Pads to your home décor with a custom print.\nAvailable framed, unframed, museum back or canvas gallery wrap.\nOther images can be seen at www.BabesPhotos.com/scenics\nContact Arlene for details.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://aliasy.org/?p=228", "date": "2022-08-10T02:40:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00428.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8232007622718811, "token_count": 1612, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__25287857", "lang": "en", "text": "(D) Heatmap showing relative distribution of VST-normalized counts (calculated using DEseq2 package) for 60 miRNAs assigned to one of five groups: PV enriched, Gad2 enriched, vGluT2 enriched, neuron enriched, and neuron depleted. LoxP-STOP-LoxP cassette; RFP, red fluorescent protein; NC, negative control; NLS, nuclear localization signal; PC, positive control; P2A, Porcine Teschovirus 2A peptide; RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex; Rpl22, ribosomal protein 22; TgUPRT, uracil phosphoribosyltransferase; V5, V5 epitope tag; WPRE, Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Postranscriptional Response Element; 2A, P2A self-processing peptide.(PNG) pbio.3000374.s001.png (1.8M) GUID:?0122DC51-9E49-4B22-8549-0402C01996BF S2 Fig: Validation of Tagger expression in tissues and cells by multiple methods. (A) Expression of Tagger in different tissues assessed by immunoblot, with anti-FLAG antibody detecting the terminal component of the construct (Ago-Tag protein). Expression was detected in multiple heterozygous (TAG/+) but not WT (+/+) tissues. (B) Expression of Kojic acid Tagger in mouse retina, stained for V5 (Ago-Tag) in light purple. Dark brown tissue to the left is naturally pigmented epithelial cells. (C) FFPE sections from original Ribo-Tag mice (top) and Tagger mice (middle) immunostained for Rpl22 (HA); prefix Omni- refers to the ubiquitous activation of the transgenes; FNF-Tagger (bottom) was used as a control. Overall expression between the two mouse lines was indistinguishable. (D) Immunoblot comparing expression levels of Rpl22-HA protein in Tagger and in the original RiboTag mice; prefix Omni- refers to the ubiquitous activation of the transgenes. (E) Immunofluorescence verification of expression specificity, using antibodies directed to cell type marker proteins (parvalbumin, Gad67, and Satb2 for respectively PV, Gad2, and vGluT2 Taggers. RFP channel is endogenous fluorescence. (F) FACS analysis of natively isolated (unfixed) nuclei sorted using anti-HA antibodies (detecting Ribo-Tag protein). Only the NeuN-positive population was shown. FACS, fluorescence activated cell sorting; FFPE, formalin fixed paraffin embedded; FNF, FRT-NeoR-FRT; Gad2, glutamic acid decarboxylase 2; Gad67, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67; HA, hemagglutinin; NeuN, neuronal nuclei; PV, parvalbumin; RFP, red fluorescent protein; Rpl22, ribosomal protein 22; Satb2, special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2; SSC, side scatter; vGluT2, vesicular glutamate transporter 2; WT, wild-type.(PNG) pbio.3000374.s002.png (9.4M) GUID:?CB7F5D1A-9060-433D-AC87-04B18BB7C147 S3 Fig: In SOX18 vivo two-photon imaging. (A) Fluorescence of RFP-NLS expressing nuclei in the cortex at different depths of an anesthetized mouse. (B) Experimental time line for monitoring RFP-NLS expression using two-photon microscopy: imaging started directly after the cranial window surgery, allowing unilateral access to the somatosensory cortex. Expression of RFP-NLS was monitored immediately before and after a laser lesion for 240 minutes (every 5 minutes for 1 hour, every 10 minutes for 2 hours, and every 20 minutes for 1 hour). (C) Images depicting RFP-NLS expression of the same population of nuclei before, immediately after (0, 5, 10 minutes), and long after (60, 120, 180, 240 minutes) laser lesion (red circle). Images are maximum intensity projections (MIPs) of two z-sections with 3-m z-steps and were acquired at a depth of 180 m. White circle surrounds the region of decreased RFP-NLS expression surrounding the lesion, which increased in diameter during the 240 minutes after lesion. (D) Enlarged excerpt of B (inset at 240 Kojic acid minutes) showing the fate of RFP-expressing nuclei close to the site of lesion. Most of the nuclei kept their fluorescence (white arrow), while just a few nuclei showed a compartmentalization (violet arrow). MIP, maximum intensity projection; RFP-NLS, red fluorescent protein-nuclear Kojic acid localization signal.(TIF) pbio.3000374.s003.tif (2.5M) GUID:?79399655-167F-448A-82BB-4BB66964D8C7 S4 Fig: Optimization of combined Ribo-Tag and Ago-Tag procedures. (A) ICIII, Agilent bioanalyzer small RNA analysis of IP done with anti-HA (I), and anti-V5 (II) and anti-FLAG (III) antibodies. Antibodies directed to Ago-Tag (V5 and FLAG) lead to the retention of miRNAs (marked with arrows). The anti-HA antibody leads to much higher levels of other types of small RNAs included in the ribosomal complexes (small ribosomal RNA, tRNA, residual pre-miRNA species, etc.) but retains no detectable mature miRNAs. IV, Comparison of Ago-Tag IP done with anti-FLAG magnetic agarose (solid line trace) and a combination of anti-FLAG antibody and PGDB (gray filled trace) shows no noticeable difference in performance. (B) Ribo-Tag IP done with increasing stringency of wash buffer. (C) IP western blot of ribosomes and RISC. Rps6 and Ago2 coprecipitating with Rpl22-HA (top blot) and Dicer 1 and endogenous Ago2 coprecipitating with FLAG-V5-Ago2 (bottom blot). Top and bottom blots represent two different membranes loaded with equal amounts of the same samples. Ago2, Argonaute 2; HA, hemagglutinin; IP, immunoprecipitation; miRNA, microRNA; Kojic acid PGDB, Protein G Dynabeads; RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex; Rpl22, large subunit ribosomal protein 22; Rps6, small subunit ribosomal protein 6.(TIF) pbio.3000374.s004.tif (824K) GUID:?3DCE9E9C-2469-4D9F-8A50-92CBB460BBE3 S5 Fig: TU-Tag reproducibility. (A) Comparison of two independent purifications using TU-Tag. Heatmap is of Z-score calculated from TPM values, calculated as follows: Z = (xCmean(input))/SD(row), where SD is standard deviation. The complete set of TPM values related to.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.watertreatment-chemicals.com/chemicals-used-in-drinking-water-treatment/", "date": "2023-12-04T19:54:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100534.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204182901-20231204212901-00420.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9244968295097351, "token_count": 212, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__266452893", "lang": "en", "text": "The goal of disinfection of public water supplies is to eliminate pathogens that cause water-borne diseases. In addition to potential pathogens, raw water may also contain pollutants that may interfere with the disinfection process. These pollutants include inorganic and organic molecules, particles, and other organisms, such as invertebrates.\nDisinfection of drinking water is to prevent the occurrence of intestinal infectious diseases. Commonly used disinfection methods are the addition of liquid chloride, sodium hypochlorite. Chlorination not only helps prevent spread of Escherichia coli infections, it can also destroy bacteria, algae and mold that may grow on the walls of the water storage system.\nPoly aluminium chloride PAC is the common used coagulant in drinking water treatment, which can make flocs form and settle quickly, and the formed flocs are easy to filter.\nThe direct indicator to evaluate the disinfection effect of tap water is the total number of bacteria, the total coliform group, and the indirect indicator is turbidity and residual chlorine.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://cornell.catalog.acalog.com/preview_program.php?catoid=31&poid=15354", "date": "2020-07-10T15:32:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655911092.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20200710144305-20200710174305-00354.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8929668664932251, "token_count": 486, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__40504739", "lang": "en", "text": "In Biological Sciences .\nContact: Phone (603) 862-5346, email@example.com\nConsult the Shoals Marine Laboratory website for current offerings: www.shoalsmarinelaboratory.org.\nThe Shoals Marine Laboratory, a cooperative venture with the University of New Hampshire, is located on Appledore Island in the Gulf of Maine. SML provides academic advising for students interested in the marine sciences and in SML programs: both short-term courses and semester plans. SML provides opportunities to take courses and do independent research in basic biology, marine biology, marine science and sustainability. Appledore Island, home of SML, is noted for its marine and terrestrial biota sustainability program, and place in New England history. SML has a national reputation for excellence and is North America’s largest marine field station focusing on undergraduate education. Students and faculty form a tight-knit community at SML, and can literally and figuratively immerse themselves in their academic explorations. Please refer to the Shoals Marine Laboratory section under Biological Sciences for a list of courses (BIOSM) offered. Students interested in marine biology should visit the Shoals Marine Laboratory website and contact the SM Cornell Academic Coordinator listed on the staff page.\nCornell courses offered at SML are full-time and intense (most courses run for two weeks and award 3 Cornell credits). Courses fulfill Cornell major and concentration requirements (for example: BIOSM 1780 - Evolution and Marine Diversity , BIOSM 1500 - Investigative Marine Biology Laboratory and BIOSM 1610 - Ecology and the Marine Environment ). Students on Appledore Island come from all Cornell majors and colleges, and across the globe. A typical day combines lectures, laboratory and field work (in boats and on the shore). Field trips include investigations of nearby islands or habitats on the mainland, and collecting and research excursions aboard the laboratory’s 47-foot research vessel, John M. Kingsbury, or the 36-foot research vessel, John B. Heiser. Paid research internship opportunities (marine biology, seabirds, marine education, historic garden interpretation and curation, and sustainable engineering) are also available. Field experience and practical hands-on learning in Appledore Island’s intertidal and subtidal zones, and seabird colonies, is an integral part of the SML experience.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://hearthealthonline.healthology.com/infectious-diseases/infectious-diseases-news/article4577.htm", "date": "2014-12-18T11:25:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-52/segments/1418802766267.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20141217075246-00066-ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.958670437335968, "token_count": 305, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-52", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-52__0__78204396", "lang": "en", "text": "Until now, the best tool to determine if a patient had mononucleosis was the Monospot test. This test uses a blood sample to look for antibodies created by the immune system in response to the infecting virus.\nHowever, the Monospot is expensive and not very accurate early in the disease, as antibody levels do not peak until a person has had mononucleosis for over a week. So, a patient with an inconclusive Monospot results will need additional testing. Therefore, a new test which is more accurate in the detection of mononucleosis is welcome news.\nThis test, analyses white blood cells directly via a routine blood sample and seems to be able to more accurately determine if the a patient’s sore throat is the result of mononucleosis.\nIn a study, published in the Archives of Otolaryngology, researchers looked at the white blood cell counts in 220 patients of whom 100 had tonsillitis and 120 had mononucleosis. Those patients with mononucleosis had a higher average number of lymphocytes, a specific type of white blood cell, than those with tonsillitis.\nIn fact, the authors conclude, this test can accurately diagnose mononucleosis 90 percent of the time, better than the Monospot test’s 85 percent effectiveness and at a cheaper price.\n\"The specificity and sensitivity of this test seem to be better than the mononucleosis spot test itself,\" the authors write.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.seidenberg.ch/pages/abtreibung/termination-of-pregnancy/control-of-success.php", "date": "2017-03-31T00:31:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218205046.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322213005-00417-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9295703172683716, "token_count": 390, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__253653899", "lang": "en", "text": "Control of Success\nThe most reliable proof of success of the treatment is the vanishing pregnancy hormone called human chorionic gonadotropine (ß-HCG). We give you a special urinary test to do this important control yourself at home. Please call and tell us the result. Most often no further tests nor ultrasound is needed. So we can close your case as 'One-Stop MTOP' (medical termination of pregnancy).\nOnly if you are still bleeding or if our low sensitivity pregnancy test still reacts positive, you need physicians visit including an ultrasound.\nAlready after one week, in most cases no or only sparse remains are still visible. If this is not longer than one week after the start of the treatment and if you want a long-acting contraception, a Mirena® could be inserted.\nIn rare cases, persisting remains or even an ongoing pregnancy must be removed by surgical means. It is worth to wait with such a curretage for several weeks to see the real neccessity of this operation. In case of an ongoing pregnancy, you should be aware of the possibility of a damage to the embryo through the medicaments Mifegyne® and Cytotec®.\nIf the pregnancy was not visible by ultrasound at the first visit, rare risks of an extrauterine pregnancy must be considered. In such cases we monitor the treatment and control the success by measuring the blood levels of the pregnancy hormone β-HCG every 2 to 3 days.\nThe pregnancy hormone β-HCG disappears completely only after several weeks. Sensitive pregnancy tests have a treshold of 5 units / ml and react sometimes positive to remaining hormones even up to 6 weeks after a termination of pregnancy. We give you for your control at home a low sensitivity pregnancy test with a positive reaction with treshold above 1'000 units / ml. the vanishing pregnancy hormone is more significant than results of a control by ultrasound.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.europages.cz/BIOMED-LABORDIAGNOSTIK-GMBH/DEU245330-00101.html", "date": "2022-01-16T10:29:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320299852.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220116093137-20220116123137-00569.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8915777802467346, "token_count": 161, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__87529204", "lang": "en", "text": "BIOMED Labordiagnostik GmbH is known as a reliable and innovative partner for diagnostics in human medicine. Our core competencies are diagnostic products and instruments for routine and special laboratories for the detection and prevention of diseases. Whether immunology, infectiology, cytology, haematology or safe screening methods – we cover a wide range of test procedures. In close cooperation with customers, suppliers and employees, we develop products that enable us to expand the test spectrum and thus achieve clear test results with optimum product quality and uncompromising quality standards. Our product portfolio includes a wide range of reagents for all common analytical instruments to measure electrolytes, enzymes, substrates, proteins and other parameters on your automated clinical chemistry analyser. Our latex and concentrated reagents are particularly valued.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://immtech.net/html/prodserv.html", "date": "2023-06-08T22:49:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224655143.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20230608204017-20230608234017-00154.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9184755086898804, "token_count": 355, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__199058735", "lang": "en", "text": "206 High St, Suite 2\nPO Box 726\nNew Windsor, MD 21776\nproducts & services\nProducts and Services\nImmTech has extensive experience in the development and manufacture of kits and reagents for use in biodetection assays, including an antigen detection kit for the detection of Influenza A nucleoprotein, and a variety of substrates, buffers, and accessory reagents that can be used to enhance the performance of enzyme immunoassays (photometric as well as chemiluminescent), immunofluorescent assays and immunohistochemical assays.\nImmTech offers a series of high quality reagents and supplies for the ImmunoMagnetic Separation (IMS) of multiple types of microorganisms from complex sample matrices. This technology includes analyte-specific paramagnetic beads (Cryptosporidium, E. coli, Entercocci, and Giardia) and accessory reagents that permit the rapid, sensitive, and specific isolation of the selected target.\nImmTech is the exclusive distributor for FAS-detect ELISA and FAS-detect IHC, products designed to detect and measure Fatty Acid Synthase in human serum and tissues, respectively.\nImmTech has successfully developed innovative new technologies with broad application in the immunodiagnostic industry. These technologies include products developed by ImmTech for commercialization/licensing as well as products developed for clients. ImmTechs broad-based expertise also extends to process evaluation/improvement, scale-up/tech transfer, and the manufacture of kits and components for in vitro diagnostic use.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.refinedaestheticssa.com/services/prp-treatment-platelet-rich-plasma-in-san-antonio-tx/", "date": "2023-02-06T02:52:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500303.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20230206015710-20230206045710-00633.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9472143650054932, "token_count": 165, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__14435669", "lang": "en", "text": "PRP, or Platelet-rich plasma consists of two elements: plasma, or the liquid portion of blood, and platelets, a type of blood cell that plays an important role in healing throughout the body. Platelets are well-known for their clotting abilities, but they also contain growth factors that can trigger cell reproduction and stimulate tissue regeneration or healing in the treated area. Platelet-rich plasma is simply blood that contains more platelets than normal. PRP injections can be effective in treating male pattern baldness, both in preventing hair loss and promoting new hair growth. PRP can also aid in the stimulation of hair growth after hair transplants. Multiple treatments are recommended and are needed to maintain hair growth.\nPRP Treatment Areas", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://harpendenskinclinic.com/kenalog-hay-fever-injections/", "date": "2020-01-19T16:41:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250594662.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20200119151736-20200119175736-00221.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9187291264533997, "token_count": 329, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__157165107", "lang": "en", "text": "Kenalog Hay Fever Injections\nIf you’re one of the 10-15% that suffer from Hay fever, you’ll know how unpleasant the symptoms can be. Hay fever is quite simply the byproduct of an overzealous immune system, reacting to the presence of pollen, albeit harmless to your health, in your body.\nAlthough there is, as yet, no ‘cure’ for hay fever, the symptoms can be greatly suppressed through a variety of treatments. Antihistamines, for example, are available over-the-counter and via prescription. Unfortunately, the symptoms of around 10% of sufferers do not readily respond to these type of treatments. As an alternative, sufferers may consider the use of steroids to help suppress the body’s immune response. This is where the Kenalog injection comes in.\nThe Kenalog injection administers the steroids directly into the muscle, and as it doesn’t travel through the liver or the digestive system you can administer a slightly lower dose than the tablet form. From here they pass into the bloodstream over a period of about three weeks. A single injection can suppress the symptoms of Hay fever for the duration of hay fever season, which compared to taking tablets every day, is massively convenient.\nHay Fever can seriously disrupt the lives of sufferers, but Kenalog injections have helped many of them to suppress and control their symptoms. To find out more, or to book an appointment at the Harpenden Skin Clinic get In touch using our contact form, by clicking here – or give us a call on 01582 822 000", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.chrislmeyers.com/life-goes-on/", "date": "2024-04-23T11:37:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818474.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423095619-20240423125619-00319.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9711477756500244, "token_count": 646, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__138268066", "lang": "en", "text": "Sometimes, in the midst of all the stress, it’s nice to see that life goes on. My new job is good, but has a steep learning curve, which is stressful. And some family situations are adding to the pile. I am struggling to find the writing time I need to finish my next book or to write blog posts. But for the last three weeks, I’ve watched a couple of killdeer fight the ridiculous battle they fight every year to reproduce.\nIt’s one thing to put a nest in a tree, effectively excluding a large set of predators. It’s quite another thing for ground birds to adequately position and protect their nest. And sometimes, their lack of understanding when it comes to human construction produces an interesting situation.\nThis year, they chose a spot near the edge of our gravel driveway — a spot that happens to be our heavily-used turn around spot. For over three weeks, they’ve squawked at and pecked away anything that came near their nest. Being the nice humans we are, we put a wagon in the way so nobody would drive over the eggs. Then we watched as the pair protected their nest and took turns sitting on the eggs.\nKilldeer are interesting birds. Their first line of defense is the fact that they’re difficult to see if you don’t already know where they are. When sitting on the nest, they hunch down and blend into the gravel. You wouldn’t know they were there unless you got too close.\nIf a large predator (like a human) gets too close to the nest, the killdeer have an interesting way of protecting it. They run away from their nest and fake injury so the predator will think they’re easy prey. Once chased, they fly a little farther and repeat the process until the predator is far enough away from the nest to no longer be a threat. I watched this happen with our dog multiple times. It certainly worked on her.\nThey also mercilessly attack other birds that approach. One day, I was concerned when I saw two crows waddling toward the nest. I was about to go outside and shoo them away, when both killdeer appeared out of nowhere and pecked at the crows until they left. Even more interesting, several other non-related birds joined in the attack. (Apparently, it’s not just farmers that don’t like crows)\nThe eggs finally hatched yesterday. One at a time, the baby birds came out of their eggs, then rested for awhile. After awhile, they got up and ran all over the place. Killdeer are up and running within minutes of hatching — one of their special skills. Mom and Dad chased them around and eventually herded them back to the nest. I think I probably gave the poor parents a heart attack when I got close enough to take some pictures and a video.\nAnyway, this post contains a picture and a very short video of these cute little buggers. A reminder to me that no matter what else is happening, life goes on.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.thewellernetwork.com/testicular-cancer/", "date": "2023-06-04T00:03:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224649348.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20230603233121-20230604023121-00073.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9381704926490784, "token_count": 444, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__54407843", "lang": "en", "text": "In New Zealand, testicular cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in young men between the ages of 15 and 44.\nWhile rare, testicular cancer is one of the most survivable and curable forms of cancer, if detected and treated early. Every year, 170 men are diagnosed with Testicular Cancer in New Zealand with around 140 of them under the age of 44.\nKnow the signs of Testicular Cancer\nTesticular cancer can present as a painless lump or an enlargement or hardening of the testicles which is often painless.\nThese are some of the symptoms to be aware of:\n- Any enlargement of a testicle\n- A significant loss of size in one of the testicles\n- A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum\n- A dull ache in the lower abdomen, back or in the groin\n- A sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum\n- Pain or discomfort in a testicle or in the scrotum\n- Enlargement or tenderness of the breasts\nKnow your normal and self check regularly\nMonthly self-testicular exams are important to notice changes in one’s testicles. Self-testicular exams allow you to become familiar with your testicles thus making it easier to notice any changes.\nMost testicular cancers can be found at an early stage, when they're small and haven't spread. If you do notice any lumps or changes from your normal, see a medical professional immediately.\nThe best time to check your testicles is after a bath or a shower.\nKnow your family history\nMen with undescended testes at birth, or who have a family history, like a father or brother who has had testicular cancer, are at an increased risk.\nTesticular cancer is highly treatable and one of the most curable forms of cancer. Self-exams, starting in the adolescent years, are key for the early detection of testicular cancer.\nBall Checking Cards\nThese cards show you how to know what is normal for your balls, so that you can identify what isn't normal.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://badcontrol.net/8-popular-myths-busted/", "date": "2013-05-24T21:33:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705069221/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115109-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9619878530502319, "token_count": 1019, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__115396239", "lang": "en", "text": "Myth: Muscles Turn Into Fat When We Quit Exercising\nThis is impossible simply because muscle and fat are composed of totally different cells. While exercising you do not produce more cells (hyperplasia) but only increase the volume of the existing ones (hypertrophy). When you quit exercising your muscle sells just relax. Muscle mass maintaining requires very small amount of energy, 13 calories per kilogram daily. The persons who exercise have more needs for food so they can maintain and increase their muscles. When they suddenly quit doing exercises their need for food decrease and their muscles stop increasing as well. In other words, it is true that the food they eat after they quit exercising turns into fat because they are not active anymore, but it is not true that the same thing happens with their muscle cells. It will be more like… a magic.\nMyth: Red Liquid in Raw Meat is Blood\nThe truth is that there is almost no blood in the meat we buy, except in the steak and similar meat, but those are very small amounts of blood in them. When you buy chicken or so-called “white meat,” you can never see any blood because it has already been removed during slaughter. Red meat, especially beef, contain quite a bit of water. In combination with a protein called myoglobin, this water ends up comprising most of that red liquid.\nMyth: Ostriches Bury Their Heads in Sand\nContrary to popular belief, not one ostrich bury their heads in the sand. You’ve probably heard that ostriches do such a thing when they are in danger. Well, let’s think logically! With their acute eyesight and hearing, ostriches can sense predators from far away. Since the ostriches can run at over 70 kilometers per hour (43 mph) for up to 30 minutes, it will be very foolish of them to just bury they heads in the sand in order to protect theirself. However, when threatened the ostrich will lay its head to the ground, so that its body will resemble a bush to passing predators. To an observer it may look like the ostriches bury their heads in the sand, but they actually never do that.\nMyth: Shaving Increases Hair Growth\nResearches that have been led since 1920 show that shaving neither increases hair growth nor causes the hair to become thicker or darker. Skin organs that produce hair are follicles and they are located beneath the surface of the skin, which means that there is no possibility you can touch them with your razor. To make it even clearer, let’s think logically again. For example, if shaving really increase the hair growth then why it is not used as a cure for male patterned baldness. All what the men suffering from baldness would have to do is to shave their heads periodically. It just doesn’t happen. If you still are asking yourself “Than why my hairs are thicker and darker than few years ago,” the answer is simple… the aging process.\nMyth: Sushi is Raw Fish\nWrong! Sashimi is thinly sliced raw seafood that is usually served in restaurants along with sushi, but sushi itself is not raw fish! Sushi is vinegared rice that is most often, but not always, paired with raw seafood. For example, the Seattle roll sushi typically consists cucumber, avocado, and raw or smoked salmon.\nMyth: The Sun is Yellow\nYes, it is surprising! Even though it appears yellow in the sky, the color of the sun is actually white. For you computer geeks out there, the exact color of the sun is #fff5f2. The reason the Sun appears yellow on Earth is that our atmosphere scatters light from the Sun – so the apparent color of the sun changes. This same scattering effect is why the sky looks blue during the day instead of black, like during the night.\nMyth: We Use Only 10% of Our Brain\nThis myth has been misattributed to many people, including Albert Einstein. However, there is no scientific data which support this statement. The truth is that every part of the brain has its function. Our brain is active even when we sleep, it is just in a different active state. If 90% of brain is “inactive” or “unused,” then how it is possible that damage to these areas impair performance? There is almost no part of the brain that can be damaged without loss of abilities.\nMyth: Tongue Has Different Taste Zones\nThis myth has begun when Edwin G. Boring, a Harvard psychologist, mistranslated a German paper written by German scientist D.P. Hanig, in 1901. The truth is there isn’t any ‘tongue map.’ Everybody can sense (more or less) every taste everywhere on the tongue where there are taste bud, with slight variations that are random from person to person.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://militaryproduce.com/kiwis", "date": "2024-04-16T05:03:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817043.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416031446-20240416061446-00374.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9809295535087585, "token_count": 150, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__63337215", "lang": "en", "text": "Kiwi fruit was transferred to New Zealand from the Far East, where it became an export fruit that was renamed “Kiwi” in honor of the famous bird native to this country. Kiwi fruit is grown in California today, making it available year-round. Kiwi have a brown, \"fuzzy\" peel with a vibrant green flesh darted with tiny black seeds, which are safe to eat.\nStore at room temperature, uncovered and out of the sun. It is ripe when it yields to gentle pressure.\nKiwi fruit is best enjoyed in its raw form. Slice the fruit in two and scoop out the flesh with a spoon. The fruit may also be peeled and sliced into attractive pieces.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.westerngrass.com/Products.html", "date": "2024-03-03T06:07:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476205.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303043351-20240303073351-00245.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9525899887084961, "token_count": 365, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__125966904", "lang": "en", "text": "St Augustine has an attractive blue-green color and forms a deep, fairly dense turf. It spreads by above ground runners and has broad, flat blades. Often the most popular choice for lawns throughout the southern US, St Augustine can grow in a wide range of soil types. It thrives in heat and does well under drought conditions. St Augustine is moderately good under heavy foot traffic and is somewhat shade tolerant. While it is aggressive, it is easily controlled around borders.\nCentipede is a low, medium textured grass that makes a dense, attractive, weed free turf. It is more shade tolerant than Bermuda but less shade tolerant than St Augustine or Zoysia. Since it produces only surface runners, it is easily controlled around borders, flower beds and walks. Centipede's popularity as a lawn grass stems from its adaptation to low fertility conditions and its low maintenance requirements. It is generally resistant to most insects and diseases.\nBermuda grass is drought resistant, grows on many soils and makes good turf. Because it can withstand heavy traffic, it is a major species used for sports fields, parks, golf courses and lawns. Tifway 419 Hybrid Bermuda has improved disease resistance, greater density, better weed resistance, fewer seed heads and a finer, softer texture with a more favorable color.\nZoysia is extremely drought tolerant. Although it turns straw colored under extreme drought conditions, it has the capacity to respond to subsequent irrigation or rainfall. It conserves moisture more effectively than other species and has a deep root system allowing it to extract water from greater soil depths. Zoysia is nearly as salt tolerant as Bemuda and is among the most wear tolerant turf grasses. It does, however, grow slowly, so recuperation is slow. It is fairly shade tolerant.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sesi-amarok.com/2023/06/16/what-can-cause-uterine-contractions/", "date": "2023-12-01T16:56:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100290.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201151933-20231201181933-00370.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.962209939956665, "token_count": 435, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__117887477", "lang": "en", "text": "Uterine contractions are a natural part of pregnancy, and they are responsible for helping your body get ready for the eventual delivery of your baby. While contractions can be uncomfortable, they are not usually painful, and they typically happen without any warning. However, there are some situations where contractions can be an indication of a more serious problem, and it is important to be aware of them so that you can take appropriate action when necessary.\nOne of the most common causes of uterine contractions is dehydration. When your body is dehydrated, it will often respond by contracting the uterus in an attempt to conserve fluid. This is why it is so important to drink plenty of water throughout your pregnancy, especially during hot weather or if you are participating in strenuous activities.\nAnother common cause of uterine contractions is stress. When you are under stress, your body produces hormones that can cause the uterus to contract. This is why it is important to find ways to manage your stress during pregnancy, such as through exercise, meditation, or other relaxing activities.\nPhysical activity can also trigger uterine contractions, especially if you have been inactive for some time. This is because physical activity can increase the blood flow to the uterus and cause it to contract. However, if you experience frequent or painful contractions during physical activity, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider to make sure that everything is okay.\nMedical conditions such as premature labor, placental abruption, or gestational diabetes can also cause uterine contractions. If you experience frequent or painful contractions, especially before your due date, it is important to seek medical attention right away to ensure the safety of both you and your baby.\nIn summary, uterine contractions are a natural part of pregnancy, but they can be caused by a variety of factors. If you experience frequent or painful contractions, or if you are concerned about your health or the health of your baby, it is important to seek medical attention right away. By staying aware of the factors that can cause uterine contractions, you can help ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy for both you and your baby.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.avideatechnologies.com/press/22", "date": "2023-09-25T07:31:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506686.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925051501-20230925081501-00859.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.902453601360321, "token_count": 1336, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__28641322", "lang": "en", "text": "Avidea’s SNAPvaxTM Tolerance Vaccine Program Boosted by SAB Appointments and Encouraging Preclinical Data\nBALTIMORE, Maryland – Avidea Technologies, Inc. (“Avidea”), a biotechnology company developing ‘precision’ immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmunity, announced today the appointment of Professor Christopher Jewell, a Minta Martin Professor of Engineering at the University of Maryland Fischell Department of Bioengineering, and Dr. Peter Calabresi, Director of the Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Center at Johns Hopkins, to Avidea’s scientific advisory board (SAB).\n“Professor Jewell is an international leader in biomaterials research for immunotherapeutic applications, particularly for treating autoimmune diseases, and Dr. Calabresi is an internationally recognized physician-scientist in the fields of MS and neuroinflammation who has substantial experience treating patients with MS and advancing promising new therapies through clinical testing. Their expertise will be a huge asset to both our basic research and translational efforts in the tolerance space,” said Nick Fullenkamp, Avidea’s CBO.\nAs members of the SAB, Jewell and Calabresi will advise Avidea’s research and clinical development strategy, including Avidea’s efforts to develop a tolerance vaccine for MS, referred to as SVT201. SVT201 is based on Avidea’s vaccine platform technology, SNAPvaxTM, which leverages self-assembly to codeliver multiple antigens and immunomodulators in nanoparticles optimized for priming T cell immunity for various applications, including autoimmunity and cancer treatment (Lynn G, et al. Nature Biotechnology, 2020).\n“The modularity of SNAPvax enables a plug-and-play approach to precisely control the type and specificity of immune response desired,” said Dr. Andrew Ishizuka, Avidea’s CSO. “Avidea’s tolerance vaccine (“SNAPvax TV”) is optimized for priming regulatory T cell (Treg) responses against antigens implicated in autoimmune diseases. Preclinical data show that SNAPvax TV primes Tregs and mitigates disease in a mouse model of MS referred to as EAE.”\n“Most existing treatments for autoimmune diseases are non-specific, broadly immunosuppressive, and often don’t lead to a cure. SNAPvax TV induces Tregs that suppress inflammation and block autoreactive responses in an antigen-specific manner, thereby providing a more targeted, and potentially curative, treatment,” said Dr. Geoffrey Lynn, CEO of Avidea Technologies. “Our SNAPvax TV candidate for MS provides the advantage of targeting all the major myelin antigens. We believe this will lead to broader Treg responses, which may be key for treating MS.”\nAvidea’s founding team and advisors include experts in synthetic vaccines and T cell biology out of the NIH’s Vaccine Research Center. “The appointment of Jewell and Calabresi expands our capabilities in tolerance and reaffirms our commitment to advancing treatments for autoimmunity,” said Lynn. “We are grateful for the opportunity to work with Professor Jewell and Dr. Calabresi and are certain their insights will lead us to developing better therapies for the patients who need them.”\nIn addition to these appointments, the Jewell Lab at UMD was recently awarded a Maryland Industrial Partnerships (MIPS) grant to evaluate the SNAPvax TV technology in preclinical animal models (Avidea/UMD MIPS Award - 5/17/21). This is in addition to Avidea’s ongoing Collaborative Research and Development Agreement (Avidea/NIH CRADA – 2/23/17) with the NIH’s Vaccine Research Center to evaluate SNAPvax in preclinical models.\n“The SAB appointments build upon our existing partnerships with UMD and NIH to significantly expand our capabilities in autoimmunity,” said Lynn. “These relationships are creating a lot of synergy that have already yielded some exciting discoveries we expect will translate to better, more targeted, therapies.”\nAbout Avidea: Avidea is a private biotechnology that is advancing the next generation of safer and more effective T cell immunotherapies for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases. Avidea’s precision immunotherapies are enabled by two polymer-drug conjugate technologies, SNAPvax and SyntholyticTM, which were purpose-built to address the need for improved T cell immunotherapies. The SNAPvax and Syntholytic platforms are enabling a pipeline of immunotherapies that will enter clinical testing in 2022 and 2023. For more information visit www.avideatechnologies.com.\nAbout Christopher Jewell: Prof. Jewell’s research integrates immunology and biomaterials to decipher the interactions between synthetic materials and immune tissues to improve therapeutic vaccines for cancer and autoimmune diseases. He has authored over 100 manuscripts and patents. Prof. Jewell undertook postdoctoral training as a Ragon Institute Fellow with Prof. Darrell Irvine at MIT and as a Visiting Scientist at Harvard with Prof. Dan Barouch in the Division of Vaccine Research. For more information visit: http://jewell.umd.edu.\nAbout Peter Calabresi: Peter A. Calabresi, MD is a Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Ophthalmology at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Director of the Johns Hopkins Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Center. Dr. Calabresi is also Director of the Richard T. Johnson Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections. He earned his undergraduate degree from Yale College and medical degree from Brown University. Dr. Calabresi completed residency training at Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester, NY, and a post-doctoral research fellowship at the National Institutes of Health, Neuroimmunology Branch. For more information visit: http://www.calabresilab.com.\nContact: Geoffrey Lynn, PhD, Avidea’s CEO, is available to comment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hirequotient.com/blog/hiring-medical-technologists", "date": "2023-12-04T08:57:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100527.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204083733-20231204113733-00249.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9450647234916687, "token_count": 2700, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__224306516", "lang": "en", "text": "Revolutionize Your Healthcare Team: Hiring Medical Technologists\nPublished on March 8th, 2023\nMedical technologists (also known as medical laboratory scientists or clinical laboratory scientists) are healthcare professionals who perform laboratory tests on patient specimens, such as blood, urine, and tissue samples, to help diagnose and treat diseases. They use various types of laboratory equipment and techniques to analyze specimens and interpret results. There are quite a few things you should be careful about while hiring medical technologists, in inorder to make a visible difference in your healthcare team. Here’s a detailed read on hiring medical technologists.\nMedical technologists also ensure the accuracy of test results by following strict laboratory protocols and quality control procedures. They may work in hospitals, clinics, research labs, or other healthcare settings, and often collaborate with other healthcare professionals to provide accurate and timely diagnoses. To put it in simple words, hiring medical technologists has a humungous role in revolutionizing your healthcare team.\nBenefits of Hiring Medical Technologists\nMedical technologists play a vital role in the healthcare industry by performing a wide range of laboratory tests and analyses. Their primary responsibilities include:\n- Performing Laboratory Tests: Medical technologists are responsible for performing various laboratory tests, including microbiology, hematology, blood banking, clinical chemistry, and immunology. They use complex laboratory equipment and techniques to analyze patient samples and generate accurate results.\n- Analyzing Results: After performing laboratory tests, medical technologists analyze the results and communicate their findings to physicians and other healthcare professionals. They must be able to interpret test results accurately and make appropriate recommendations for patient care.\n- Maintaining Laboratory Equipment: Medical technologists are responsible for maintaining and calibrating laboratory equipment to ensure that it operates correctly and produces accurate results. They must also troubleshoot equipment problems and perform routine maintenance tasks to ensure that the laboratory operates efficiently.\n- Quality Control: Medical technologists are responsible for performing quality control procedures to ensure that the laboratory equipment and testing procedures are accurate and reliable. They must also comply with regulatory standards and maintain accurate records of all laboratory procedures.\n- Ensuring Safety: Medical technologists must follow strict safety protocols to ensure that laboratory samples are handled safely and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. They must also ensure that the laboratory equipment is functioning correctly and that all safety protocols are followed.\n- Training and Supervision: Medical technologists are responsible for training new staff and students in laboratory procedures and protocols. They may also be responsible for supervising other laboratory personnel, such as medical laboratory technicians and phlebotomists.\n- Research and Development: Medical technologists may also conduct research and development projects to improve laboratory testing procedures and develop new diagnostic tools and techniques.\nMedical technologists play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions. They must be highly skilled, detail-oriented, and able to work under pressure in a fast-paced environment.\nWhy Hire Medical Technologists\nApart from these benefits you just read, here are some results that the medical technologists could bring in order to be the core of your healthcare team. Here’s what they provide:\n- Accurate diagnoses: Medical technologists play a critical role in the diagnostic process, providing accurate and reliable laboratory test results that physicians and other healthcare professionals rely on to make informed decisions about patient care.\n- Efficient workflows: By hiring medical technologists, healthcare organizations can ensure that laboratory tests are performed quickly and efficiently, reducing patient wait times and improving overall workflow efficiency.\n- Expertise in specialized areas: Some medical technologists have specialized knowledge and expertise in particular areas, such as microbiology or immunology, which can be invaluable in diagnosing and treating certain diseases.\n- Compliance with regulations: Medical technologists are often required to comply with various regulatory standards and guidelines, ensuring that healthcare organizations remain in compliance with legal and ethical requirements.\nIn a nutshell, hiring medical technologists can help healthcare organizations provide high-quality patient care while ensuring efficient and accurate laboratory operations.\nSkills to look for while Hiring Medical Technologists\nMedical technologists possess a range of technical and analytical skills, as well as interpersonal and communication skills. Here are some of the key skills required for this role:\n- Laboratory skills: Medical technologists must be proficient in a wide range of laboratory techniques, including microscopy, microbiology, immunology, chemistry, hematology, and molecular biology.\n- Technical skills: Medical technologists must be comfortable using and troubleshooting laboratory equipment, such as centrifuges, microscopes, spectrophotometers, and PCR machines.\n- Analytical skills: Medical technologists must be able to analyze and interpret laboratory test results accurately and effectively, using critical thinking and problem-solving skills to identify potential issues or errors.\n- Attention to detail: Medical technologists must have a keen eye for detail and be able to follow strict laboratory protocols and quality control procedures to ensure accurate and reliable test results.\n- Communication skills: Medical technologists must be able to communicate effectively with physicians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals to provide information about test results and help inform patient care decisions.\n- Time management skills: Medical technologists must be able to manage their time effectively, prioritizing tasks and completing laboratory tests efficiently and accurately.\n- Teamwork skills: Medical technologists often work as part of a team, collaborating with other laboratory professionals and healthcare providers to provide high-quality patient care. Team players rule the world these days. Skills seem to have more value when it comes to a team while building great organizations or providing services.\nGenerally, medical technologists must be highly skilled and detail-oriented professionals with a strong commitment to accuracy, safety, and quality. However, their skills and requirements differ according to the subcategories and the narrowed-down field of expertise.\nCategories of Medical Technologists\nOf course, medical technologists are a broad field of technologists who can be categorized into different types based on their area of expertise. While hiring medical technologists, make sure. Some of the categories of medical technologists are:\n- Medical Laboratory Technologists: Clinical laboratory technologists, also known as medical laboratory technologists (MLTs) or medical laboratory scientists (MLSs), are responsible for performing laboratory tests on various bodily fluids such as blood, urine, and tissue samples. They use various laboratory techniques and instruments to analyze samples and generate results that help physicians diagnose and treat patients. Medical laboratory technicians (MLTs) are responsible for performing routine laboratory tests and procedures under the supervision of a medical technologist or a physician. They prepare specimens, operate laboratory equipment, and perform quality control procedures to ensure that the test results are accurate.\n- Blood Bank Technologists: Blood bank technologists, also known as immunohematology technologists or transfusion medicine technologists, work in blood banks and are responsible for preparing blood components for transfusions. They also perform compatibility testing to ensure that the blood is safe for transfusion.\n- Histotechnologists: Histotechnologists prepare tissue specimens for microscopic examination by a pathologist to help diagnose diseases. They use techniques such as fixation, processing, embedding, sectioning, and staining to prepare the specimens.\n- Cytotechnologists: Cytotechnologists prepare and analyze cellular samples to help diagnose diseases such as cancer. They use techniques such as microscopy, staining, and imaging to examine and analyze the cellular samples.\n- Molecular Biology Technologists: Molecular biology technologists use techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing to analyze genetic material and diagnose genetic disorders. They work in specialized laboratories and are trained in advanced laboratory techniques.\n- Health Information Technologists: Health information technologists (HITs) are responsible for managing, organizing, and analyzing patient health information. They use technology to maintain electronic health records (EHRs), ensure patient data privacy and security, and analyze health data to improve patient outcomes. HITs also work closely with physicians and other healthcare professionals to ensure that patient records are complete, accurate, and up-to-date.\n- Medical Equipment Repair Technologists: These professionals repair and maintain medical equipment, such as diagnostic machines and surgical instruments. They may also install new equipment and train healthcare staff on how to use it.\nThese are some of the categories of medical technologists. Each category has its unique skill set and training requirements, and their contributions are essential to the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions. Make sure you look up on the category well before you hire medical technologists so that you can revolutionize your healthcare team in a jiffy!\nAssessments for Hiring Medical Technologists\nAs you already know, assessments play the most crucial role in hiring. It differs according to different categories of medical technologists. However, the major things to look for remain the same. When assessing candidates for a medical technologist position, it is important to look for the following qualities:\n- Education and Certification: Look for candidates who have a degree in medical technology or a related field. It is also important that they have the necessary certification from a recognized certification agency.).\n- Technical Skills: Candidates should have experience with laboratory equipment, sample preparation, and analytical procedures. They should also be proficient in data analysis and interpretation.\n- Accuracy: The job of a medical technologist requires a high level of accuracy and attention to detail. Candidates should have a track record of being detail-oriented and able to work meticulously.\n- Teamwork: Candidates should be able to work collaboratively with other medical technologists, as well as with doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals.\n- Flexibility: A medical technologist must be able to adapt to changing situations and be flexible in their approach to problem-solving.\n- Ethics: Candidates must adhere to ethical and professional standards, such as patient confidentiality and safety.\nDuring the interview process, consider asking the candidate about their experience with specific laboratory equipment, how they would handle a difficult or unexpected situation, and how they stay up-to-date with developments in the field. You may also consider asking for references from previous employers or professors to gain insight into their work ethic and professionalism. Want to provide hassle-free assessments for your candidates? HireQuotient’s skill assessments library is all set for you with the customized assessments on healthcare and a lot more job categories!\nFacts to consider while Hiring Medical Technologists\nStill looking for your purple squirrels? Here are some interesting facts you should consider before hiring medical technologists:\n- Demand for Medical Technologists: According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of medical technologists is projected to grow 7% from 2020 to 2030, faster than the average for all occupations. The demand for medical technologists is expected to increase due to an aging population and advances in medical technology. This is exactly why they could make revolutionary changes in medical fields in the coming years!\n- Required Education: Medical technologists typically need a bachelor's degree in medical technology or a related field. Some programs may also require completion of an internship or clinical rotation.\n- Certification: Most employers require medical technologists to be certified by a recognized certification agency. Certification requires passing an exam and meeting continuing education requirements.\n- Job Responsibilities: Medical technologists perform a variety of laboratory tests, analyze the results, and communicate their findings to physicians and other healthcare professionals. They may also be responsible for maintaining and calibrating laboratory equipment, ensuring accuracy of results, and training new staff.\n- Salary: According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for medical technologists in the United States was $54,180 as of May 2020. Salaries can vary depending on factors such as location, experience, and industry.\n- Work Environment: Medical technologists typically work in hospitals, clinics, or reference laboratories. They may work in a variety of settings, including hematology, microbiology, immunology, and blood banking.\n- Soft Skills: In addition to technical skills, medical technologists should have strong communication skills, attention to detail, critical thinking abilities, and the ability to work independently and as part of a team.\n- Hiring Process: When hiring medical technologists, consider assessing candidates through an interview process that evaluates their technical knowledge, experience, and soft skills. You may also consider conducting a skills test or requiring candidates to complete a laboratory simulation exercise.\nDo you want to revolutionize your healthcare team without any hurdles? Are you planning on hiring medical tecnologists? Finding your purple squirrels is now made easier through HireQuotient’s talent sourcing platform. Book a demo now to find more details. Explore our skill assessments library for pre-made assessments for multiple jobs, sit back and enjoy your hiring process with us!\nThomas M. A.\nA literature-lover by design and qualification, Thomas loves exploring different aspects of software and writing about the same.\nNever Miss The Updates\nWe cover all recruitment, talent analytics, L&D, DEI, pre-employment, candidate screening, and hiring tools. Join our force & subscribe now!\nStay On Top Of Everything In HR", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sjpaigewrites.wordpress.com/2015/02/06/please-for-the-love-of-god-vaccinate-your-children/", "date": "2018-03-24T17:52:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257650764.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20180324171404-20180324191404-00117.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.968193531036377, "token_count": 876, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__116669356", "lang": "en", "text": "Measles has reared its spotty red head in Palatine, Illinois for the second time in the last month at a KinderCare Learning Center. Five infants under the age of 1 were infected. Under the age of 1 — these tiny humans who can’t walk yet are too young to be vaccinated effectively, even if their parents are planning on vaccinating them according to the recommended schedule.\nLuckily, they still have a shot at protecting their kid; if their baby is 6 months or younger, a doctor can give he or she an injection of human normal immunoglobulin, which will temporarily increase the number of antibodies in their system, providing immediate (yet temporary) protection against measles. If their baby is between 6 months and 12 months old, he or she can get a dose of the MMR vaccine earlier than the routine age of 13 months, given within 3 days exposure to the virus. He or she will still need the MMR shot at 13 months and again at five years old. (I’m no doctor, but I’ve asked doctors and nurses about protection for newborns and infants. This is the information they have told me.)\nWith most of my generation vaccinated against measles, this whole anti-vaccination movement creates an awareness problem; we’ve never seen measles in action and, therefore, underestimate its seriousness. A parent doesn’t know that their child has been exposed to the measles until it’s too late. Most people don’t know how contagious the virus really is; the virus is spread through the air and stays around for about two hours after its sneezed or coughed into a stranger’s face. I don’t think most people will know their kid has measles until the rash appears, as many of the early symptoms look exactly like the flu. It gets worse — measles is contagious before the rash appears. If there is any reason to quarantine your kid from the outside world, this is it.\nAnd this is why places like Disneyland are such a huge problem — right up there with airplanes — or any place where a large group of people gather. One anti-vaccine mega-church in Texas — Eagle Mountain International — experienced such an outbreak in 2013 and offered free vaccinations as a result. Measles is much scarier when it’s actually happening, isn’t it? (Anyone want to throw down some money on making t-shirts that say, “Disneyland: I survived the outbreak. Vaccinate.”)\nMeasles is not without a list of potential complications. One of the most common is a bacterial ear infection. As a kid, I got a few of those every winter, and they were bad. One time my ear wax changed colors; it looked like little gray pieces of chicken. One time my ear was so impacted with wax my doctor had to reach into the ear canal and fish out the wax with a little hoop. It felt like a alien probing around my skull. Now, I have permanent scaring on both of my ear drums. Ear infections are bad enough on their own. Throw measles into the mix? Fuck that. Pneumonia is common as well, and Encephalitis is another awesome complication. For every 1 in 1,000 people it causes inflammation in the brain leading to vomiting, convulsions, and, although rare, coma or death. If you’re pregnant, take special care to avoid measles because it can cause pregnancy loss, pre-term labor or low birth weight. Measles does not make happy and healthy newborn babies.\nIf you know anyone who refuses to vaccinate, tell them this: It is not just about your kid(s); it’s about everyone and their kid(s). Those parents had their choice of protecting their infant from measles taken away from them when you and your loony band of anti-vaxxers decided that junk-science was more accurate and truthful than real science and decades of research. Please talk to your pediatrician about the MMR vaccine. Measles should be taken seriously and anyone who says it’s a “benign childhood illness” is an idiot. Do most kids die from it? No, but there can be complications.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://tns.thenews.com.pk/new-challenge-medicine/", "date": "2019-09-22T17:00:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514575596.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20190922160018-20190922182018-00039.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9561963677406311, "token_count": 1344, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__43982522", "lang": "en", "text": "When we look back at the history of medicine to decide what ‘improvements’ led to an ever increasing life span in humans, three major things stand out. First interestingly enough was the improvement in the management of pregnancy and especially the period around the delivery of the child. This improved ‘maternal and infant’ mortality. The second major development was understanding the importance of micronutrients including vitamins in diet. And third was the discovery of antibiotics. Of these the first two improvements are well established and require only fine tuning but antibiotics are becoming problematic.\nAntibiotics are designed to kill organisms that can kill humans. So in a sense antibiotics and related medicines are a form of offensive warfare against other life forms. These primitive life forms include primarily bacteria but also include viruses and parasites. It is however important to understand that humans are surrounded by bacteria and there are literally billions of bacteria living inside our bodies many of whom are beneficial to our body processes. So, not all bacteria are harmful to humans but some are. The first line of defence against harmful bacteria is the body’s immune system. Antibiotics are needed when the body cannot fight against the bacteria by itself.\nMedical science has developed stronger and better antibiotics to overcome bacterial resistance but the microbes kept developing resistance to even the newer and the more powerful antibiotics. So far science has been able to produce more effective antibiotics but we are reaching a state of diminishing returns. Newer antibiotics besides being more expensive also have detrimental side effects on the human organism itself.\nThere are three factors that have been blamed for this new medical threat. It is quite possible that with the emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria, infections will again become a major source of morbidity and mortality among people in general but especially among the sick and the very old and the very young. The factors are first widespread and often inappropriate use of antibiotics in patients. Second, the routine use of antibiotics in farm animals even in the absence of any infection and third an aging population that is less able to fight against infections and needs to be treated more often.\nConsidering the inappropriate use of antibiotics in humans, estimates of antibiotics that are prescribed unnecessarily are quite large even in the United States (US) where antibiotics are only dispensed with a prescription from a registered physician. Why do physicians prescribe too many antibiotics is an interesting question for which there are many possible answers.\nFirst is the most common one, namely it is easier to be cautious and prescribe an antibiotic for a sore throat or an upset stomach rather than order appropriate cultures (tests) to determine the real nature of the infection and then choose an appropriate antibiotic. These tests can take days to provide the answer while the patients want something done immediately. Doing the ‘right thing’ is often more time consuming and more expensive.\nThe second problem is that the prescription is correct but the patient feels better in a couple of days and decides to stop taking the antibiotics. This allows incomplete eradication of the infection and the surviving bacteria can develop resistance to that antibiotic. Worse, patients keep the unused antibiotics and use it another time if they have the same problem thus increasing the chance of producing resistance. The obvious question the patient asks is if all the bacteria are not dead then why am I better. Well, the body can also kill bacteria and once the number is lower, a healthy body can keep these bacteria in check.\nIn Pakistan, though the problem is often quite different. Physicians do prescribe antibiotics more than they should but they are not the only culprits. Almost all antibiotics are available ‘over the counter’ without a prescription. Patients can walk in and buy these antibiotics based on personal preference, a friend’s advice or on the advice of the pharmacy employee who in all probability has no formal medicine related training. There have been times when standing at a pharmacy counter I have seen people walk in and buy two or three antibiotic pills.\nFeeding small doses of antibiotics to farm animals is very common especially in the US where most of the antibiotics used are fed to healthy animals being bred for human consumption. For whatever reason, these antibiotics fed animals are larger and healthier. Why these animals are larger and healthier is not really known. However this indiscriminate use of antibiotics is responsible for producing resistant bacteria that can transfer to humans and then produce infections that are difficult to control. There is a push to decrease the use of antibiotics in healthy animals.\nAs our populations get older and sicker, they develop weakness of their immune systems that naturally fight infections. These people then become more susceptible to getting infections and therefore need frequent antibiotics. Frequent use of antibiotics tends to produce resistant bacteria. Since many of these sick patients are in hospitals when they are treated these resistant bacteria start living in the hospital environment. Even under the most stringent cleaning techniques some of these bacteria persist and can infect other patients especially those that undergo major operations or need ‘tubes and lines’ reaching into the body. This type of infection acquired while in a hospital is called a nosocomial infection and is becoming a major problem in the hospital setting. These bacteria living in hospital environment are frequently resistant to most antibiotics.\nWhy bacteria develop resistance is a complicated question. The most probable cause is that the bacteria receive sub-lethal doses of antibiotics and survive but at the same time develop a mechanism for withstanding the effects of that antibiotic in the future through genetic mutations. The other fact is that most antibiotics have existed in nature in plants and fungi even before discovery by science and bacteria coming in contact with them developed resistance as an evolutionary defence mechanism. Whatever the reasons for antibiotic resistance, it is fast becoming a major health problem almost all the world over.\nIn a country like Pakistan, the most common reason for the increased development of antibiotic resistance is ‘off prescription’ use of these medicines. Clearly antibiotics should only be taken after being prescribed by a proper healthcare professional. Equally important is that antibiotics like all medicines should be taken as prescribed and for as long as they are prescribed for. In Pakistan another factor is also of importance. That is the unsupervised and often inappropriate production of medicines including antibiotics. It would be interesting to see how many of the antibiotics manufactured and being sold in the market place contain less than the advertised amount of the antibiotic.\nFinally as I mentioned above antibiotics are designed to kill bacteria. Bacteria as living organisms have built in evolutionary mechanisms designed to survive adverse environmental factors including antibiotics. Eventually science will have to develop vaccination like mechanisms to prevent bacterial infections. Preventing infections eventually will be more effective than fighting infections by killing the invading bacteria. This is how we managed to control diseases like small pox and polio.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://restreco.com/consortium-members/", "date": "2023-06-02T11:30:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648635.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20230602104352-20230602134352-00137.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.925749659538269, "token_count": 1945, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__144768764", "lang": "en", "text": "Professor Jim Harris – Consortium Lead Principal Investigator\nJim is a systems ecologist interested in system complexity, function and emergent properties – particularly resilience and how the principles learned from ecology can be applied to the “Five Capitals” of our socio-ecological system. Principally working in soil microbiology, restoration ecology and ecosystem service research focused on microbial ecology in relation to ecosystem processes. He has applied this particularly in the assessment and treatment of degraded systems, restoration ecology, quantitative assessment of ecosystem goods and services, and has pioneered work on catabolic profiling and the thermodynamics of soil microbial communities. This work has advanced our understanding of the effects of environmental and management practices on the soil microbial community, provided better tools for assessing ecosystem status, the effects of land management, soil management and amendment, and importantly restoration and agricultural programmes aimed at enhancing natural capital to achieve net environmental gain whilst securing productive environments. He was the Consortium Lead PI for the NERC Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability Programme – BESS Urban: Fragments, functions and flows and CoI on the BBSRC Projects “Fundamental basis of soil biological resilience” and “Self-organisation of the soil-microbe complex”. He is Science Adviser to the Societé General funded Climate SHAKE program aimed at supporting entrepreneurs in bringing agritech innovation to the market place. His work on defining and assessing soil health via measurement of biological, physical and chemical properties has been widely adopted. He has worked extensively at national and international level in policy development: he has acted as Scientific Adviser to the UK Defra group at IPBES meetings in Colombia, Rome, and Bonn; a Lead Author in the IPBES Report on Land Degradation and Restoration; and past Chair of the International Society for Ecological Restoration.\nDr Mark Pawlett – Co-Investigator\nMark (C.Env) is a Senior Research Fellow of Soil Biology, with a focus on developing innovative strategies for sustainable land management. He is especially interested in the biological interface between the plants and soil, targeting sustainable management solutions to improve soil health (function and nutrient cycling pathways) for improved ecosystem services. Of particular interest is the use of biogas digestaes to manipulate the soil microbiome for improved health, the potential of natural burials to affect soil biodiversity and function, and the use of biostimulants and microbial inoculants for improved soil health. Overseas, Mark has worked at the Engabreen Glacier in Norway, heathland restoration in Netherlands, and Bauxite residue recovery area restoration in Ireland. He is also the Course Director for MSc Environmental Engineering.\nDr Daniel Simms – Co-Investigator\nDaniel is a Lecturer in Remote Sensing at Cranfield University working on the development of new technologies and methodologies for extracting useful patterns of land-cover and land-use from remote sensing data at multiple scales. He is currently leading new research into resource monitoring and measuring landscape scale processes. Of particular interest is how deep learning can help to improve our understanding of the changing state of the Earth’s land-cover.\nDr Alexey Larionov – Co-Investigator\nAlexey currently works as a Lecturer in Bioinformatics at Cranfield University, heavily involved in teaching of postgraduate students. His current interests are in metagenomics and long reads sequencing data analysis. From 2013 to 2021 he worked as a bioinformatician in Cambridge University, setting up lab- and bioinformatics methods to study heritable predisposition to cancer. Before this (2002-2013) he worked in Edinburgh University, studying markers and mechanisms of endocrine resistance in breast cancer.\nUniversity of Stirling\nProfessor Kirsty Park – Principal Investigator\nKirsty is a conservation scientist with a focus on quantifying the effects of environmental change on biological diversity and testing the efficacy of solutions to mitigate anthropogenic impacts. Her research spans multiple habitats and land-uses, with a focus on heavily anthropogenic landscapes (e.g. forestry, agriculture, urban) and across a diverse range of taxa. Since 2013, she has been co-lead of a long-term research programme related to RestREco, the WrEN project (Woodland Creation & Ecological Networks), a collaboration of academics, policy makers and practitioners interested in the restoration of ecologically degraded landscapes. She works with a wide range of policy and practitioner organisations and is a Trustee for the Loch Lomond & Trossachs Countryside Trust.\nDr Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor – Co-Investigator\nElisa is an ecologist and conservation biologist investigating how human activities impact biological communities and ecosystem functioning. Her main areas of expertise include animal ecology, woodland ecology, restoration ecology and spatial ecology. She has a track record investigating the consequences of anthropogenic disturbances (e.g. habitat loss and fragmentation) and the effectiveness of conservation actions (e.g. habitat restoration and implementation of agri-environment schemes) for biodiversity. To address these subjects, she studies a variety of taxa (mainly mammals, birds and invertebrates such as moths), using a combination of field surveying techniques, state-of-the-art sensing technologies, and novel analytical approaches. Her research is strongly applied, with a focus on finding effective ways to restore biodiversity (and associated ecosystem functions and services) in human-modified landscapes. She has a track-record collaborating with academics, policy makers, industry and organisations involved in conservation and environmental management. Elisa is currently a Senior Lecturer at the University of Stirling.\nUK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology\nProfessor James Bullock – Principal Investigator\nJames works on finding solutions to the ecological emergency by understanding how species may respond to climate change, analysing and modelling ecosystem services, assessing how to enhance connectivity in fragmented landscapes, investigating how to make farming sustainable, and, critically, how to restore our damaged and degraded ecosystems. He leads research tackling some of today’s most critical ecological problems, stemming from the need to maintain complex and diverse ecosystems in the face of growing demands for food, water, housing, and transport.\nDr Ben Woodcock – Co-Investigator\nBen’s research interests revolve around reconciling intensive agricultural management with the maintenance and enhancement of native biodiversity and the ecosystem services that they provide. While a lot of his work is of an applied conservation nature, linked to the development of agri-environment schemes (the UK policy mechanism for extensifying agricultural management), he is interested in the fundamental mechanisms that underpinning community ecology in these systems. This work has focused on how restoration, particularly in grassland systems, can be used to establish complex multitrophic systems and how dispersal limitation of both plants and arthropods interact to limit this happening.\nProfessor Rosie Hails – Principal Investigator\nProfessor Rosie Hails MBE FRSB is an ecologist and Nature and Science Director at the National Trust, holding honorary chairs at Exeter and Cranfield Universities. Her role is to develop the Trust’s research portfolio and advise on science evidence relevant to Trust decision making. She leads teams focusing on Nature Conservation, Trees & Woods, Wildlife Management, Land Use, Farming and Public Benefits delivered by Nature. She is a member of Defra’s Science Advisory Council, chairing the Biodiversity Targets Advisory Group, Council member of the RSPB, Chair of the Woodmeadow Trust Steering Group and Trustee of the John Innes Foundation. She is also on a number of advisory boards. Formerly she was the Science Director for Biodiversity & Ecosystem Science at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.\nBen McCarthy – Co-Investigator\nBen is an ecologist and Head of Nature Conservation & Restoration Ecology at the National Trust. Having held senior positions with statutory and non-statutory organisations he now provides national leadership to realise the Trust’s ambition for nature and nature-based climate solutions. He uses his experience over twenty years translating conservation science into practical delivery to restore nature and deliver nature-based climate solutions across England, Wales and N Ireland. Sitting within the National Trust’s Science & Nature Directorate he contributes towards building their evidence and reputation as a leading UK nature conservation organisation.\nProfessor Kevin Watts – Co-Investigator\nKevin is senior landscape ecologist at Forest Research, the research agency of the Forestry Commission. As an applied scientist he is interested in understanding the impact of woodland creation and restoration on the biodiversity, functioning and resilience of wooded landscapes with the aim of informing policy and practice. His work utilises spatial models, tools, indicators and simulations to explore and predict potential impacts. This work is coupled with empirical studies on species movement, landscape genetics and field experiments. Much of his work has been developed through a broad range of collaborative projects, including the WrEN project, and the co-supervision of PhD students, most recently with the Universities of Stirling, Aberdeen, York, Leeds, Reading and Southampton. Kevin is also head of the Land Use and Ecosystem Services (LUES) Science group at Forest Research. The group aims to deliver evidence, methods and tools which support policymakers and practitioners in their understanding of how land use and climate change affects the biodiversity, resilience and ecosystem services of wooded landscapes now and in the future. Kevin is also an Honorary Professor at the University of Stirling and a member of the Woodland Trust Conservation Advisory Group.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.hoodsheritagehogs.com/blog/15404", "date": "2013-12-09T16:11:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163988740/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133308-00014-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9159369468688965, "token_count": 100, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__42730429", "lang": "en", "text": "Know your farmer. Know your food. Here at Hood's Heritage Hogs we believe that our future depends on preserving our food heritage. Every time a breed or variety is lost, valuable genetic diversity disappears forever. Red Wattle Hogs are critically rare numbering less than 2000 animals. It sounds wrong, but to save them we must eat them. If there is no demand for Red Wattle Pork the RW's will disappear. Please help us save the Red Wattles and save our family farm heritage.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hawaiicruises.com/wildlife.cfm", "date": "2024-02-25T04:57:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474581.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225035809-20240225065809-00262.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9318482875823975, "token_count": 455, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__124912246", "lang": "en", "text": "Hawaii's beautiful landscape is home to many unusual species, including carnivorous caterpillars, the largest dragonfly in the U.S. and the exotic silversword plant, which can take decades to bloom. In fact, much of the state's native flora and fauna cannot be found anywhere else in the world.\nTeeming with brightly colored, fragrant flowers, it's no wonder Hawaii is known for its tradition of making leis. Popular flowers used to make these decorative garlands include hibiscus, gardenia, pikake (jasmine), plumeria and orchids.\nWith its woodpeckers, owls, honeycreepers, songbirds and a diverse population of seabirds, Hawaii is a great place for bird-watching. Visit Hawaii Volcanoes National Park to check out the state bird -- the Hawaiian goose, or nene.\nSome of the best scuba diving in the world can be found in the clear, warm waters of the Hawaiian islands. Divers might encounter sharks, dolphins or sea turtles. Three types of sea turtle are native to Hawaii -- green, hawksbill and leatherback. Green sea turtles, called honu, are most commonly sighted by snorkelers and divers. The coral reefs here are home to roughly 450 species of reef fish, almost a third of which are unique to Hawaii.\nAnother distinctive Hawaiian creature is the monk seal, or Ilio-holo-i-ka-uaua, which means \"dog that runs in rough waters.\" Recently named the state mammal, these seals can weigh up to 600 pounds and have been around for millions of years.\nHawaii is a breeding ground for the North Pacific humpback whale. Every winter, from November to May, humpback whales migrate from their feeding grounds in Alaska to breed in the warmer waters off the coast of Hawaii. Maui is a top whale-watching spot from the sea, but day cruises are available from most ports on the islands of Hawaii, or you might even spot whales from the shore.\nFrom the lush greenery on land to the abundant life at sea, one thing is certain: The Aloha State is a nature lover's paradise.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.ezramedical.org/lazy-eye/", "date": "2018-12-16T16:08:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376827769.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20181216143418-20181216165418-00452.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9469718337059021, "token_count": 769, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__123151749", "lang": "en", "text": "Amblyopia (Lazy Eye)\nWhat is amblyopia?\nAmblyopia, commonly known as “lazy eye”, is a condition in which the vision in one or both eyes cannot be corrected even after corrective eyeglasses have been prescribed. In a child with normal visual development, the brain receives information from the right eye and information from the left eye and combines the two to see one clear picture of the world. This is called fusion.\nAmblyopia occurs when the brain is unable to fuse information. As a result the brain suppresses the information from the weaker eye, which leads to further deterioration. Amblyopia can be caused by an unequal alignment of the eyes, an uneven prescription in the two eyes, or by an organic obstruction to the eye.\nGenerally, amblyopia will develop within the first few years of life. Fortunately, however, amblyopia can be treated at any age.\nWhat types of amblyopia can occur?\nThree most common types are:\nAnisometropic Amblyopia (due to a difference in optical power in the two eyes):\nThis is a condition in which the optical correction is very diverse between the two eyes. For example, one eye may be very farsighted while the other is only slightly farsighted, causing the brain to ignore the eye with the blurry images.\nIsometropic Amblyopia (due to a high degree of optical correction in both eyes):\nThis condition is when the optical correction is very high in both eyes. Because the child has not worn glasses, the vision in both eyes will be poor.\nStrabismic Amblyopia (due to misalignment of the two eyes):\nThis is a condition in which one eye is turned in or out. This eye is ignored by the brain, leading to more deterioration of vision in that eye.\nHow common is amblyopia?\nApproximately three percent of children and young adults have amblyopia.\nWhat are the problems and symptoms associated with amblyopia?\nThe main problem associated with amblyopia is poor vision in one or both eyes. The child usually does not complain because the vision in the good eye is unaffected. If the amblyopia is a result of poor optics in one eye, the eyes appear very normal and crossed eyes or other obvious problems are not present. Only a vision screening or professional eye examination can detect this problem. This is one reason we recommend the first professional eye examination at six months of age.\nHow is amblyopia treated?\nIf the problem is due to the optics of the eyes, eyeglasses will be prescribed and, in most cases, need to be worn full-time. In addition, the good eye may need to be patched to force the weaker one to be used. Vision therapy is necessary to improve binocular vision (both eyes working simultaneously). The amount of patching required varies from case to case. Generally, the process takes about six months with the most dramatic improvement occurring in the first three months of patching and therapy.\nIf the basis for the amblyopia is an eye turn, glasses may or may not be necessary but patching and vision therapy are essential. In some cases, a surgical consultation is advised. Follow-up visits are important in order to determine the progress of treatment.\nVision therapy, a successful treatment approach to remedy amblyopia, involves weekly office visits. During treatment, the patient is assigned select activities designed to restore normal flexibility to the eyes. This should lead to improved visual acuity.\nView our Optometry and Vision Therapy sections for more information on common vision problems in children. Also find out more about the optometrists and vision specialists at Ezra Medical Center.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.fgo2u.com/announcements", "date": "2013-05-23T19:47:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703728865/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112848-00053-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9401159286499023, "token_count": 2784, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__53172256", "lang": "en", "text": "Udo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend is a carefully blended mix of the finest Omega 3, 6 and 9 varieties of Essential Fatty Acid sources.This premium-quality product has a pleasant light nutty flavor and is easily mixed with health shakes, protein drinks, or, added as a topping to salads and vegetables!\nWhat are Essential Fats?\nScientists have given essential fats (a.ka. essential fatty acids or EFAs) their name because the body must have them to survive, but cannot synthesize them from any other substance we eat, so a direct food source is required. Hence, the name essential. There are many kinds of fats, but only two kinds of essential fats: omega 3 (n-3 or w3) and omega 6 (n-6 or w6), both of which are unsaturated fats. Each EFA is turned into several derivatives by the body, provided enough n-3 and n-6, in the right ratio, and made with health in mind, are supplied. All other fats, such as omega 9 (monounsaturated), omega 7, and saturated fat, are non-essential because the body can produce them from sugars and starches.\nWhere do Essential Fats come from?\nSources of n-3s are flaxseeds and green leafy vegetables. The n-3 derivatives EPA and DHA are found in high fat, cold water fish such as albacore tuna, sardines, Atlantic halibut and salmon, coho, pink and king salmon, Pacific and Atlantic herring, Atlantic mackerel, and lake trout. Small amounts of EPA and DHA n-3s are also found in oysters and other shellfish.\nN-6 is found in sesame and sunflower seeds and other seeds and nuts. Land animal meats and fish are sources of the n-6 derivative arachidonic acid (AA). The fish listed above are preferred sources of n-3 and n-6 derivatives, because they are the richest sources, and contain both, with more n-3s.\nWhy do we need Essential Fats?\nJust as a member of a large family has many roles, essential fats serve many functions in the complex workings of the human body. Taken in the right amounts and ratios, and taken from the right sources, essential fats help establish and maintain health as follows . . .\nIncrease energy, performance, and stamina. EFAs enhance thermogenesis, help build muscle, prevent muscle break down, and speed recovery from fatigue;\nStrengthen the immune system. EFAs make hormone-like eicosanoids that regulate immune and inflammatory responses. N-3s have anti-inflammatory effects and can slow autoimmune damage;\nLower most risk factors for cardiovascular disease. EFAs (especially n3s) lower abnormally high levels of blood pressure, triglycerides, Lp(a), fibrinogen, tendency to clot formation, and inflammation;\nImprove brain function: mood, intelligence , behavior, and vision. Our brain is over 60% fat. EFAs are important components of the entire nervous system. They are necessary to make the neurotransmitter serotonin. Depression and other brain diseases show decreased levels of n-3;\nAid in weight reduction. EFAs help keep mood and energy up and suppress appetite, thereby aiding in weight loss. More recently, they have been found to block the genes that produce fat in the body (saturated and Trans Fat do not have this same effect) and increase thermogenesis;\nRegulate organs and glands. Liver and kidneys, adrenal and thyroid glands, and the production of male and female hormones need EFAs;\nSpeed recovery and healing. EFAs are necessary for cell growth and division. They form all cell membranes and regulate vital cell activity;\nSupport healthy child development. For nervous system development, a growing fetus needs optimum EFAs from the mother's body. Mothers become depleted of EFAs during pregnancy, and need optimal EFA intake for their health and their children's optimum development;\nImprove digestion. Poorly digested foods tie up the immune system and can cause gut inflammation, leaky gut, and allergies. N-3s improve gut integrity, and decrease inflammation and \"leaky gut\";\nDecrease infection. EFAs have anti-fungal, anti-yeast, and anti-microbial properties, helping to protect against infections;\nKeep bones strong. EFAs aid in the transport of minerals that keep bones and teeth strong, helping to prevent osteoporosis;\nProtect genetic material. EFAs regulate gene expression, and n-3s inhibit tumor growth;\nEase PMS. Studies indicate that n-6 (GLA) intake was voted, by women, among the top three most effective PMS treatments. N-3s may be even more effective;\nProduce beautiful skin, hair, and nails. Some of the first signs of EFA deficiency are dry, flaky skin, dull hair, and brittle nails. N-3s can help skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne. Also, GLA (n-6 derivative) administration is useful for some patients with atopic eczema.\nEssential fats are easily damaged by light, air, heat, metals, water, and\nOf all the essential nutrients, essential fats are by far the most abused because they are perishable, chemically unstable foods. Almost all supermarket oils, including the oils used in processed foods, have been damaged by destructive processing techniques, including refining, bleaching, overheating, and/or partial hydrogenation (a process which produces deadly trans fats).\nBy now, it may be clear that everybody needs essential fats.\nN-3 consumption has decreased to one sixth the level found in our food supply in the 1850s. N-6 consumption has doubled in that time, drastically changing the ratio of n-6 to n-3 in our food supply. This change is reflected in the makeup of our tissue fats and in our health. That means that while both n-3s and n-6s are required by every cell, we get too much n-6 and far too little n-3. For this reason, research shows that n-3s help in more than twice as many degenerative diseases than do n-6s.\nMore recently (the last 20 years), 'low' fat, 'no' fat, and 'fake' fat diets have been depriving people of both essential fats. Deficiency leads to deterioration of every cell, tissue, gland, organ and organ system and, by extension, to symptoms of deficiency that accompany loss of health.\nThe dangers of trans fats:\nIn 1994, a Harvard School of Public Health press release warned the consumers on the dangers of eating trans fatty acids found in some margarines, most commercially baked goods, and deep-frying oils, including oils used in restaurants. On June 23, 1999, they again announced a press release on the most recent trans fat research. It was titled: \"Harvard review of evidence verifies that eating trans fats increases risk of heart disease\". Head author, Alberto Ascherio, revealed that \"...if trans fats were replaced by unsaturated vegetable oils, we would expect to see at least 30,000 fewer persons die prematurely from CHD (coronary heart disease) each year.\" That number was based on the United States alone!\nThe n-3 essential fat alpha-linolenic acid (LNA) is damaged 5 times more quickly than the n-6. This makes it a manufacturer's nightmare, unless great care is taken to protect it during manufacture, storage (and home use too). Unfortunately, fish oils are destroyed 5 times more rapidly than even LNA. This is why fish oils smell and taste fishy (which is rancidity) and why eating fresh fish at the sushi bar to get the health-benefiting EPA and DHA is preferable to capsules of EPA or DHA-rich oils from fish.\nSee the book Fats That Heal Fats That Kill (456p.) for the complete story on fats, oils, and our health.\nWhere do we get Undamaged Essential Fats?\nOils made with health in mind come from organically grown seeds. They are pressed under protection from heat, light, and oxygen; packaged in tightly sealed brown glass bottles; placed in a light-excluding box; and stored in the fridge. Oils made with this care - the highest possible quality - are mostly found in health food stores and naturopathic physician offices, although some department stores and specialty stores are now also servicing their customers.\nWhat is Udo's Oil Blend?\nMade with exceptional care, this Oil Blend was developed for people who want one product that gives them all the good fats they need, without any of the bad fats they should avoid.\nHow should we use Essential Fats?\nUsed in the right amounts and ratios, essential fats confer invaluable health benefits. 1 to 5 Tbsp/day of Udo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend will make skin soft and velvety. For serious conditions, seek advice of a nutritionally trained health care professional.\nUdo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend is compatible with all foods and can be used with cold, warm, and hot (once off the heat source) foods but must not be used for frying, baking, or other high temperature cooking. Favorite uses are in salads, protein shakes, yogurt, juices, soups, on steamed vegetables, rice, and pastas, and with balsamic vinegar for dipping.\nSealed Udo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend bottles can be kept for up to eight months refrigerated and for over two years in the freezer (oil shrinks when frozen so the glass bottles will not break). For freshness, the oil is best used within eight weeks of opening the bottle.\nWhat makes Udo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend unique?\nUdo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend is a certified organic blend of guaranteed GMO-free, unrefined edible oils. This unique blend delivers a reliable source of the n-3 and n-6 essential fatty acids that are essential to life. Based on 15 years of practical experience with fats and oils, this formula is a 2:1:1 ratio of n-3: n-6: n-9, a combination most therapeutic for the n-3-deficient, n-6-rich diets, as well as 'low' and 'no' fat diets, common today. The Oil Blend includes oils from fresh flax, sesame and sunflower seeds, as well as oils from evening primrose, rice germ and oat germ.\nThis blend is rich in GMO-free lecithin, which provides the building materials for healthy cell membranes. The formula used to include medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), which are easy to digest and assimilate, but are not available in an organic form. These were recently replaced by organic coconut oil, which contains MCTs with powerful antimicrobial effects, and powerful antioxidants. The blend also contains the potent antioxidant tocotrienols (from rice). The MCTs in the coconut oil are used directly by our cells as an energy source without increasing fat deposits. Vitamin E and rosemary oil, both potent antioxidants, are added to increase freshness and to act as scavengers of free radical molecules in the body.\nCarefully chosen, the seeds used to make Udo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend are pressed at a temperature of less than 120°F (or 50°C) and, even more important, in the absence of light and oxygen. Nitrogen-flushed, amber glass bottles packaged in a box and found only in the fridge or freezer, protects this Oil Blend from potential damage by heat, light and oxygen, and helps to ensure maximum freshness and stability.\nAlong with the invaluable health benefits blended essential fats confer when taken internally, external application has also proven to be of benefit for nice skin. In the January 2000 issue of the UK fashion magazine, Tatler, alternative health guru, Leslie Kenton, explains \"I cover my face and body religiously with Udo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend.\"\nTo date, Udo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend has won 12 gold medals of Alive Award of Excellence since year 1996.\nUdo's 3.6.9 Oil Blend Ingredients:\n- organic flax seed oil;\n- organic sunflower seed oil;\n- organic sesame seed oil;\n- rice and oat germ oils;\n- rice and oat bran oils;\n- organic coconut oils;\n- organic evening primrose oils;\n- lecithin (guaranteed GMO-free);\nNaturally Occurring \"Minor Ingredients\":\n- 65mg of phytosterols/tablespoon (lower cholesterol and normalize immune function);\n- lignans (beneficial phytoestrogens from flax);\n- carotene; and\n- tocotrienols and other seed specific antioxidants.\n- hundreds of other oil-soluble, health-benefiting phytonutrients\nThe content on this site is meant for informational purposes only, and is not intended for use as official\nhealth consultation or recommendations. Forever Green Organic takes no responsibility for harm that may result from the use, abuse or misuse of information contained on this site.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://soditblog.wordpress.com/2017/05/22/king-of-the-garden/", "date": "2019-06-20T15:06:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627999261.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20190620145650-20190620171650-00090.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9844166040420532, "token_count": 1171, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__104865825", "lang": "en", "text": "When the kids were younger we used to play a game where the objective was to find either the King or Queen of the garden. I would come in from outside and ask them what plant they thought was either the King or Queen of the Garden. Not that complicated but it did get them to go outside and explore what was going on out there! Sometimes one of them would come in all excited and tell me they had found a new King. Strangely it gave me a lot of pleasure that they took an interest, it has been sometime since that happened, however my youngest Suki does still get excited about a discovering a new “event.”\nI think the Hawthorn is the current King of the Garden, you can’t help but notice the frothy white blossom of the Hawthorn all over West cork at the moment, it always flowers this time of year but I think it has been particularly spectacular this year, in fact it is a very good year for all types of tree blossom, the Cherry, Apple and even the Blackthorn has had a great display so far this year. I have a hedge of Blackthorn outside the Conservatory and I have trimmed it to allow the Hawthorn to rise above the hedge line. My wife thought it looked a bit odd and often said we should cut it back to go in line with the rest of the hedge but now it is tall enough to look really well and I am hoping that later in the year the red berries, which attract the small birds will also give a good display. The berries are used as a treatment for cardiovascular problems and have been found useful in treating angina, high blood pressure, congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmia.\nMy current Queen of the Garden is our Chilean Lantern Tree (Crinodendron hookerianum). It hid behind a Blackcurrent hedge for a few years but now rises above reaching about 10 foot. It has wonderful urn like red flowers that dangle and last for a couple of months and later on the seed pods also look attractive.\nThe Tulips have come and gone now but their bold presence captured the prize earlier in the year, I will be lifting some of them soon as the leaves have nearly died back.\nI went to visit my mum last year in Wales and met up with my nephew (also called Owen), he is a professional gardener and we spent quite some time talking plants in a way that would bore the majority of people but I found it a real bonding experience to share such a passion. He suggested that I should grow a Verbascum and showed me a picture of one. I thought it looked rather ugly and not the thought of thing that would interest me but when I visited a local walled garden with my mum later on in our visit I came across two potted Verbascums in a sale for £2 and thought “hell why not!” They made the trip back with me and I stuck them in a rocky bed near the front door. Unfortunately one of them didn’t survive after being trampled by one of my dogs but the other one seems to be on its way. The plant is a native to Greece and can grow to 5 foot with a display of yellow flowers that attracts bees. I love the furry grey covering of the stem. Owen was right this is a very exciting plant and I keep checking each day to see how tall it has got.\nFrom the very big to the very small. I am also very excited by some seeds that are germinating in the kitchen at the moment. They are tiny but they are growing! I have been in love with a plant called Cherry Pie (Heliotrope Marine) since I first discovered it in a public park in Minehead, Somerset. One morning I was walking on my way to the local shop and cut through the park. As I walked past one of the beds I was hit by the most amazing scent. I initially thought it was coming from a nearby bakery as it was just like the smell of a freshly baked Cherry Pie. I must have looked very odd as I walked about sniffing all the flowers and eventually I came across the source, a small fairly innocuous dark green plant with short umbels of purple flowers. Whenever I am looking round garden centres I always hope to come across one of these plants and I have had some success with semi ripe cuttings but I have never managed to grow one from seed, even finding the seed has been a problem. This year I took to the internet, oh what a wonderful thing the cyber world is, I ordered some seed from the UK and tried once again but nothing came up. I took to the internet again and found a forum discussing how difficult it was to get heliotrope seeds to germinate and there were a number of suggestions. A lack of heat seemed to be my main problem, I had them under an upturned fish tank but even in the kitchen it didn’t appear to be warm enough. My wife Kate came up with the solution. Many years ago the kids gave me a pet lizard “Ziggy” for some reason, the lizard is long departed but the equipment was still stored somewhere in the house and there was a heat mat to keep the herpetarium to the correct heat. A piece of cardboard and a plug and within a couple of days tiny green shoots have started sprouting. The kids all think I’m a bit weird getting all excited about these tiny shoots and I probably am but just wait till they get a whiff of that Cherry Pie!\nThe sun is out and I’m inside typing, something is not quite right about that, I need to be somewhere else. See you later.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://anestesiar.org/2022/hypothermia-management-in-a-patient-needing-urgent-surgery/", "date": "2023-10-01T22:51:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510941.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20231001205332-20231001235332-00555.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8937669396400452, "token_count": 4027, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__32397602", "lang": "en", "text": "Vargas Caño J (1), Esnaola Iriarte B (2), Aramburu Uriarte O (2), Telletxea Benguria S (3).\n(1) Resident physician Anaesthesia department, Galdakao-Usansolo University Hospital, Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain\n(2) Specialist Anaesthesia department, Galdakao-Usansolo University Hospital, Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain\n(3) Head of Service Anaesthesia department, Galdakao-Usansolo University Hospital, Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain\nThe optimal target temperature for patients during the perioperative period is about 37ºC.1 Intraoperative hypothermia, defined as the core temperature below 36.0ºC during surgery, is a situation that occurs in both scheduled and urgent interventions, and it is associated with numerous deleterious clinical manifestations and worse outcomes (such as arrhythmias, altered consciousness, increased bleeding or transfusion requirements during surgery). Therefore, patients’ temperature monitoring should always be considered, and strategies should be applied to optimize the most accurate management during all anesthetic phases.\nWhen humans are exposed to a cold environment, different mechanisms are activated. Firstly, vasoconstriction is mediated by adrenergic receptors, and behavioral changes such as using clothing and shelter to keep warm are developed. A cold stress response follows these. As a result, shivering can be present and may be an initial sign of hypothermia. However, shivering cannot be present in children, the elderly, or due to being under the effects of some drugs. Non-shivering thermogenesis is the production of metabolic heat without muscular activity. In contrast, shivering uses increased mechanical work to generate heat as a by-product, increasing muscle oxygen consumption.\nUnder general anesthesia this control system is severely challenged. Behavioral responses are completely abolished, and vasoconstriction and shivering thresholds decrease from 0.4 to 4.0ºC, being hemodynamics response compromised. In addition, these thresholds may be reduced even further in elderly patients.2\nDuring winter a 75-year-old woman with a previous medical history of alcoholism, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and atrial fibrillation without anticoagulation, was found on the floor of her home with a low level of consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS): 12 (E3V4M5)). A generalized body coldness was perceived by touch, although at that moment it was not granted the necessary importance. Upon arrival at the emergency department, she presented a decreased level of consciousness, GCS 10 (E2V3M5), and signs of neurological focality (mydriatic right pupil with reactivity to light, gaze deviation to the right, and left hemiplegia, and hypoesthesia). She also presented mucocutaneous pallor and shivering refractory to insulation with ultrathin reflective foil (URF). An extremely cold extremity was observed in the right lower limb, in addition to poor peripheral perfusion with cyanosis.\nThe first blood test showed: Creatine Phosphokinase levels of 8,626 U/L, thrombocytopenia (92 103/µL), prothrombin time: 51%, and activated partial thromboplastin time: 27 seconds.\nThe stroke code was activated, and a cranial CT scan was performed, showing signs of acute-subacute ischemic stroke established in the deep territory of the right middle cerebral artery. Assessed by the neurology department, it was ruled out thrombectomy and fibrinolysis due to unknown episode onset times. She was diagnosed with severe acute ischemia of the right foot after vascular surgeons’ echo-doppler examination and clinical assessment. Treatment was started with 5000 IU of intravenous sodium heparin, and an urgent thrombectomy was performed on the second and third popliteal and anterior tibial portions with intraoperative arteriography and angioplasty of the anterior tibial artery.\nDue to the suspected hypothermia of the patient, active warming measures were started from the patient’s reception in the operating room, using a fluid warmer at 41ºC and placing a heating blanket up to 43ºC. General anesthesia was decided, and rapid sequence intubation was performed following: 100 mcg of fentanyl, 80 mg of propofol and 80 mg of rocuronium. Maintenance was performed using sevoflurane at 0.6 MAC. Volume-controlled ventilation was performed at 6ml/kg, calculated for an ideal weight.\nThe value of 18 mmHg EtCO2 obtained in the capnography after intubation, and the clinical findings of skin coldness during the physical examination, shivering and decreased level of consciousness before the intervention, led to suspect hypothermia as the first diagnosis, compatible with reduced metabolism. However, it was also compatible with the clinical situation of the stroke and her distal ischemia. That is why it was decided to monitor the temperature with the zero-heat-flux thermometer on the forehead. The initial body temperature was 29.9ºC, so an esophageal probe was placed in the distal third part of the esophagus to corroborate the value, obtaining the same temperature. The EtCO2 remained low during the surgery, but a maximum peak of 31ºC was achieved at the end, with a progressive simultaneous rise in EtCO2 of 22 mmHg.\nThe surgery lasted 105 minutes and the patient remained hemodynamically stable during the procedure, maintaining mean arterial pressure (MAP) >70 mmHg. Arterial blood sample showed: pH 7,14; pCO2: 33 mmHg; pO2 194 mmHg; bicarbonate 11 mmol/L; base excess: -16,6 mmol/L; Lactate 3,5 mmol/L; Sodium: 142 mEq/L; Potassium: 2,3 mEq/L. A 58 mEq of bicarbonate were administered.\nAfter surgery, the patient was transferred intubated to the ICU and connected to mechanical ventilation, with peripheral saturation of 96% and MAP > 65 mmHg. The core temperature gradually increased to 33ºC in the following hours as shown in Figure 1. During the following days, she remained intubated due to a low level of consciousness in the multiple neurological examinations and bad local clinical evolution requiring rising vasopressor support. As a result of the progression of the patient’s deterioration and her general situation, an agreement was reached with the family on the adequacy of the therapeutic effort, dying at dawn on the seventh day after surgery.\nOptimizing the patient’s body temperature undergoing surgery procedures requires some considerations. The knowledge of the risk factors for incidence of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia is essential: ASA grade 2-5 (the higher the grade, the greater the risk); preoperative temperature < 36ºC (and preoperative warming is not possible because of clinical urgency) and environmental cold temperature; undergoing combined general and regional anesthesia; undergoing major or intermediate surgery; at risk of cardiovascular complications; low body mass index; elderly patients (who are at more risk of any of the complications of hypothermia); and more than 30 min duration of surgery.2,3\nLikewise, practical strategies to avoid hypothermia by redistribution should be implemented, avoiding the dissemination of heat flow from the central compartment to the peripheral compartment.4 Prior to surgical intervention, warming up patients leads to an increase in the temperature of the peripheral tissue, thus reducing the intercompartmental temperature gradient. Passive and active warming measures are available to optimize the patient’s normothermia. Passive insulation reduces skin heat loss by 30% with a single layer of insulation, reaching 50% with three layers.5 One resource of passive warming measures is insulation with URF. In its application, the layer is usually placed directly on the skin or clothing. If the reflective side is separated from the body surface, there is a trapped air layer between them where air bubbles are warmed by radiation. Strategies such as the hypothermia wrap can be useful and can be trained by emergency personnel. The air volume trapped and the thickness of their layers, the body coverture, the accumulated humidity in the indoor part of the foil, creases, or defects in the foil can reduce the URF effectivity.6 Active rewarming devices are relevant in maintaining normothermia,5 highlighting the two main groups most commonly used: skin surface warming devices and fluid warming devices (although there are more: ECMO, cavity rewarming, dialysis, continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration…). Active external and internal rewarming devices are garments that provide heat by different systems with comparable efficiency: resistive warming, circulating water warming, and forced air warming7 (the latter being the most widely used and can increase body temperature average up to 0.5-4ºC/hour).8 Active fluid warming devices, though they are not used to increase body temperature, play a role during maintenance, especially in patients with high volume requirements (>1000 mL/h). In the case of our patient, despite the absence of initial temperature measurement, passive isolation began in the emergency department. At the same time, measures of active warming by forced air and fluid heating were applied in the operating room, managing to increase the patient’s temperature > 1ºC during the intraoperative time despite the general anesthesia.\nHypothermia during anesthesia develops a typically triphasic pattern. The first phase is mainly determined by the vasodilation induced by general anesthesia since inhibiting thermoregulation at the central level reduces the vasoconstriction and shivering threshold. Furthermore, most anesthetic agents induce direct peripheral vasodilation, facilitating hypothermia by redistribution. The hypothalamus and the spinal cord are affected by volatile anesthetics primarily in a nonlinear, concentration-dependent manner. Propofol reduces the core temperature in a linear, concentration-dependent way.9 Roth et al. investigated different alternative inductions that caused a lower decrease in core temperature. Administration of 160 µg phenylephrine immediately prior to induction with propofol at 2.2 mg/kg (by antagonizing propofol-induced vasodilation) or inhalation inductions with Sevoflurane (because they did not involve as much vasodilation, with a mean thermal advantage of 0.4-0.5ºC) achieve better results than intravenous inductions with propofol alone. Inductions with propofol can cause a rapid drop in core temperature up to 1.5°C.10 Opioids attenuate thermoregulation concentration-dependently but differ in the incidence of postoperative shivering. Ketamine seems to have the most negligible influence on thermoregulation because it maintains the peripheral vascular tone and therefore limits the magnitude of blood redistribution.9 Muscle relaxants do not pass the blood-brain barrier and therefore have no effect on thermoregulation,9 but their effect may prolong because of several reasons, including changes in the volume of distribution, altered local diffusion receptor affinity, changes in pH at the neuromuscular junction, and the net effect of cooling on the various components of neuromuscular transmission.11 An example is the doubling of the action time of vecuronium when the core temperature decreases by 2ºC.5\nIn the second phase, the hypothermic curve follows a slight decrease in central temperature due to the mechanisms of radiation, conduction, convection, and evaporation exceeding heat production. Active rewarming measures are most effective in this period.4\nIn the third phase, which is generally reached at 34.5ºC, the core temperature does not usually decrease, since the arteriovenous bypass vasoconstriction effectively retains metabolic heat in the central tissues.7 Currently, there are different devices available to measure temperature, but the most important consideration is the site that produces either a direct measurement of core temperature or a direct estimate of core temperature. These sites are pulmonary artery catheter, distal esophagus, urinary bladder, zero heat-flux (deep forehead), sublingual, axilla and rectum.3 Zero-heat-flux thermometers provide a non-invasive method for estimating tissue temperatures.9 During periods of slow temperature changes – which involve the majority of patients undergoing surgery – biases and limits of agreement of the zero-heat-flux method were equal to 0.1±0.5ºC and -0.1±0.4ºC compared with the esophageal probe and the arterial catheter, respectively.12 However, most of the studies using this device are performed considering a stable blood flow. Critical situations such as acute hemorrhage can produce false values and further studies in these situations are required.\nHypothermia leads to potential adverse consequences. The association between hypothermia and surgical site infection is a matter of debate.13 Classically, perioperative hypothermia affects the host’s defense against contamination via at least three mechanisms. First, perioperative hypothermia triggers postoperative vasoconstriction to constrain metabolic heat to the core and speed rewarm.5,11 As a consequence, tissue oxygen partial pressure drops, which is especially important, as oxidative killing by neutrophils mostly relies on molecular oxygen. Second, perioperative hypothermia reduces systemic immune activation, including T-cell-mediated antibody production, and decreases the motility of key cells, including macrophages.5,11 Third, vasoconstriction-induced tissue hypoxia impairs tissue healing and protein metabolism, which are important to prevent wound dehiscence and recontamination.7\nPerioperative hypothermia increases intraoperative bleeding (>16%) and the transfusion requirements (>22%).14 Although platelet counts can be stable or decreased by temperature, perioperative hypothermia affects platelet function because of the reversible impairment of platelet aggregation via reduced release of thromboxane A2. In addition, perioperative hypothermia impairs the function of several enzymes of the coagulation cascade and finally reduces clot formation.11\nShivering is an autonomic thermoregulatory response defined as a rhythmic involuntary muscular activity and can be a physiological response to hypothermia. The goal of postoperative shivering is to produce heat to restore normothermia, but, on average, it increases oxygen consumption by approximately 40%. Consequently, this reaction is associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality.11 Furthermore, this oxygen consumption and hypothermia could cause heart complications. Shivering can be absent in different extremes of life and due to drug interaction, such as pethidine or clonidine.\nAwareness of hypothermia risks during perioperative hypothermia must be vital in all anesthetic procedures. This case reflects the importance of prompt identification of hypothermia. In addition, early-onset measures avoiding clinical deterioration by hypothermia pathophysiology play a crucial role during all the anesthesia phases. Perioperative hypothermia increases patients’ morbidity, hospitality length of stay, blood loss, and transfusion risk; therefore, every anesthesiologist should always consider it.\nThe present investigation has not received specific aid from agencies of the public sector, commercial sector, or non-profit entities.\nConflict of interests\nThe authors declare no conflict of interest.\n1. Zaballos Bustingorri JM, Campos Suárez JM. Hipotermia intraoperatoria no terapéutica: prevención y tratamiento (parte II). Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2003;50(4):197-208 (HTML)\n2. Riley C, Andrzejowski J. Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia. BJA Educ. 2018;18(8):227-233. (PubMed)\n3. Hypothermia: prevention and management in adults having surgery. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); December 2016. (PubMed)\n4. Baptista W, Rando K, Zunini G. Hipotermia perioperatoria. Anest Analg Reanim 2010; 23(2):24-38. (HTML)\n5. Sessler DI. Complications and Treatment of Mild Hypothermia. Anesthesiology 2001; 95(2):531-543. (PubMed)\n6. Kosiński S, Podsiadło P, Darocha T, et al. Prehospital Use of Ultrathin Reflective Foils. Wilderness Environ Med. 2022;33(1):134-139. (HTML)\n7. Sessler DI. Perioperative temperature management. In: Nussmeier AN, Joshi GP, ed. UpToDate, Waltham, MA. 2020. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/perioperative-temperature-management. Accessed November 20, 2021. (HTML)\n8. Paal P, Gordon L, Strapazzon G, et al. Accidental hypothermia-an update: The content of this review is endorsed by the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MEDCOM). Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2016;24(1):111. (PubMed)\n9. Rauch S, Miller C, Bräuer A, Wallner B, Bock M, Paal P. Perioperative Hypothermia-A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16):8749. (PubMed)\n10. Roth JV, Braitman LE, Hunt LH. Induction techniques that reduce redistribution hypothermia: a prospective, randomized, controlled, single blind effectiveness study [published correction appears in BMC Anesthesiol. 2021 Apr 12;21(1):112]. BMC Anesthesiol. 2019;19(1):203. (PMC)\n11. Ruetzler K, Kurz A. Consequences of perioperative hypothermia. Handb Clin Neurol. 2018;157:687-697. (PubMed)\n12. Boisson M, Alaux A, Kerforne T, et al. Intra-operative cutaneous temperature monitoring with zero-heat-flux technique (3M SpotOn) in comparison with oesophageal and arterial temperature: A prospective observational study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018;35(11):825-830. (HTML)\n13. Bu N, Zhao E, Gao Y, et al. Association between perioperative hypothermia and surgical site infection: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(6):e14392. (PMC)\n14. Rajagopalan S, Mascha E, Na J, Sessler DI. The effects of mild perioperative hypothermia on blood loss and transfusion requirement. Anesthesiology. 2008;108(1):71-77. (PubMed)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.usnewsrank.com/business-news/eisai-starts-phase-3-trials-for-second-alzheimers-drug-after-firsts-failure/", "date": "2020-10-27T08:56:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107893845.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20201027082056-20201027112056-00104.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9395829439163208, "token_count": 337, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__168170398", "lang": "en", "text": "Eisai and Biogen were jointly developing three experimental drugs for Alzheimer’s: aducanumab, BAN2401 and elenbecestat, all designed to target the brain-destroying protein beta amyloid.\n“As we have believed aducanumab was the best hope for treating Alzheimer’s, ending its trials is big negative surprise,” said analyst Motoya Kohtani at Nomura Securities.\nBAN2401 has been met with skepticism since the partners reported promising but confusing 18-month results in July. Yet Eisai remains confident in its continued development.\n“We still believe that amyloid beta hypothesis is potentially the right approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease,” an Eisai spokesman told Reuters.\nEisai will conduct phase 3 trials of BAN2401 involving 1,566 patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild Alzheimer’s disease dementia with confirmed amyloid accumulation.\nAlzheimer’s treatments are known as being particularly difficult to develop, as both diagnosis and the recruitment of appropriate trial participants are challenging.\nFrom 1998 through 2017, only four treatments have been approved with another 146 attempts resulting in failure, according to the Adis R&D Insight database.\nAlzheimer’s is the most common form of dementia. In Japan, the government estimates there will be 7 million dementia sufferers in 2025, from 4.6 million in 2012.\nThe post Eisai starts phase 3 trials for second Alzheimer’s drug after first’s failure appeared first on USNewsRank.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sierraleadership.com/2012/02/19/exercise-for-more-brain-power/", "date": "2023-12-04T10:52:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100527.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204083733-20231204113733-00277.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9513429403305054, "token_count": 606, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__61848126", "lang": "en", "text": "I’m currently reading Brain Rules by John Medina. It’s one of a number of popular books on brain science that have striking relevance to leadership, and to modern life. Here are a few ideas that really struck me:\nResearch shows that people perform better cognitively when they exercise on a regular basis. There is a simple biological reason for this: exercise makes it easier for critical resources to get to our brains, and for waste products to be removed. Our brains make very heavy demands for glucose and oxygen that provide the energy needed to perform cognitive tasks, and the disposal service to remove the toxins that brain work creates. While our brains account for only 2% of our body weight, they can use 20% of our available energy. And all these resources travel through just one primary set of roads–blood vessels. Regular exercise improves blood flow to and from our brains, improving the delivery system in and out of our brains for glucose, oxygen, and waste products. Medina uses the metaphor of changing from dirt roads to paved roads–exercise vastly improves the brain’s access to what it needs for peak performance.\nThere’s also an evolutionary explanation of why our brains do better when our bodies are active: we evolved “in motion.” Until only very recently in our history, humans lived our lives mostly outdoors and our survival demanded that we constantly move our bodies. We had to hunt, plant, reap, run away. In other words, the very design of our bodies and brains evolved in a context of high activity. We are meant for that. One statistic Medina sites is that for a significant part of our evolution we were moving on average 12 miles a day. And while our lives have changed enormously in the past century, with many people living sedentary lives, the basic design of our bodies and brains, which evolved over millions and millions of years, hasn’t changed. To get the best from our brains, we need to use our bodies more like our ancestors did.\nThe positive impact of exercise on brain function goes well beyond “thinking.” Exercise helps ward off dementia and Alzheimer’s, it improves mood and decreases depression, and it makes other positive brain changes that impact a vast number of function and quality of life issues.\nBeyond exercise, other self-care issues also have a huge impact on brain function and hence leadership effectiveness. Taking breaks, getting into the sunshine, getting a good night sleep, self-awareness of one’s moment-to-moment thoughts and feelings, and being in the midst of positive relationships–all of these enhance mental function. Viewing this through the lens of leadership and organizational effectiveness, it becomes obvious that we need to change a lot about how we do business. Grueling, long hours with no time for rest and exercise is self-defeating. If the goal is productivity, innovation and success, we have to take more seriously what science is teaching us about the human brain.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://catalog.umd.umich.edu/undergraduate/college-arts-sciences-letters/biochemistry/", "date": "2023-10-05T02:10:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511717.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20231005012006-20231005042006-00734.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8768728375434875, "token_count": 3549, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__229384816", "lang": "en", "text": "This degree program is designed to provide the student with an understanding of the structural and functional relationships between the chemical constituents of cells and their roles in life processes. The requirements include courses in biological sciences and chemistry, and appropriate courses in mathematics and physics. The degree in biochemistry prepares a student for careers in industry, medicine, teaching and research.\nIn addition to the major requirements, students must complete all CASL Degree Requirements.\nPrerequisites to the Major\nA solid background in mathematics is essential to success in any of the scientific disciplines. Incoming students who intend to choose a major in Biochemistry should have completed at least three years of high school mathematics. First year students should plan to enroll in MATH 105, MATH 115 or MATH 116 based on the results of their math placement tests. The CHEM 134 and CHEM 136 or CHEM 144 and CHEM 146 sequence is a prerequisite to many other courses in the Natural Sciences Department; students should complete this sequence as early as possible.\n|BCHM 210||Biochemistry Laboratory Techniques||2|\n& BIOL 140\n|Intro Org and Environ Biology|\nand Intro Molec & Cellular Biology\n|Select one of the following:||8|\n|General Chemistry IA|\nand General Chemistry IIA\n|Gen Chemistry IB|\nand General Chemistry IIB\n& CHEM 226\n& CHEM 227\n|Organic Chemistry I|\nand Organic Chemistry II\nand Organic Chemistry Laboratory\n& MATH 116\nand Calculus II\n|Select one of the following:||8|\n|General Physics I|\nand General Physics II\n|Introductory Physics I|\nand Introductory Physics II\n|Total Credit Hours||42|\n|Biochemistry Laboratory I|\n|Biochemistry Laboratory II|\n|Complex Systems (Biochemistry Capstone)|\n|Physical Chemistry I|\n|Any BCHM upper level courses (excluding BCHM 495, BCHM 498, and BCHM 499)|\n|Select one of the following:|\n|Applied Statistics I|\n|Other Science Elective 1||3|\n|Any upper level BCHM, BIOL, CHEM, MICR, PHYS courses (excluding BIOL 494, BIOL 495, BIOL 498, BIOL 499, BCHM 370, BCHM 495, BCHM 498, BCHM 499, CHEM 495, CHEM 498, CHEM 499, MICR 495, MICR 498, MICR 499, PHYS 495, PHYS 498, PHYS 499).|\n|Total Credit Hours||30-31|\nElective credits needed may vary depending on biochemistry electives credits and statistics credits completed.\n- A maximum of 65 hrs. in BCHM, BIOL, CHEM may count towards the 120 hours for degree.\n- At least 20 of the 30 upper level hours must be elected at UM-Dearborn.\n- A maximum of 6 hrs. of independent study/research in any Dept. of Natural Sciences discipline may count towards the 120 hours required to graduate.\n- BCHM 370 cannot be used in the major.\nHonors Designation in Biochemistry\nThe Biochemistry program seeks to recognize exceptional biochemistry majors who are exemplary in coursework and productive in research.\nHonors in Biochemistry will be earned by meeting all of the following criteria:\n- cumulative GPA of 3.5 or higher in Biochemistry courses\n- cumulative GPA of 3.3 or higher in all university courses\n- completion of a minimum of 6 six credit hours of Independent/Directed Research (BCHM 495/498/ 499), spread over 2 or more years, under the supervision of one principal investigator, who will serve as thesis advisor. This research must have a biochemical (broadly defined) focus.\n- presentation of the research in a public forum (e.g. scientific meeting, College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters (CASL) Research Day, Department of Natural Sciences Poster Day)\n- completion of a thesis-like document that thoroughly describes the background, experimental design, methodology and discussion of data generated in the context of the scientific literature.\n- defense of the research thesis before a committee of four faculty: the thesis advisor, two full time Faculty from the Biochemistry program committee and one external member of the student’s choosing. The defense should be held a minimum of 2 weeks prior to the final-exams week of the semester in which the student is graduating. The committee must be provided with a draft of the thesis one week prior to the defense.\nIn order to be considered for Honors in Biochemistry, a student must complete and submit an honors application to the Biochemistry Program committee Chair via his/her advisor no later than the end of the term prior to graduation.\nMinor or Integrative Studies Concentration Requirements\nA minor or concentration consists of 12 credit hours of upper-level courses in biochemistry (BCHM) from the following:\nRequired: BCHM 370 or BCHM 470 and BCHM 471\nAdditional biochemistry (BCHM) courses: 6-9 credits BCHM to equal 12 credits total.\nIf BCHM 370 is completed, BCHM 470 and BCHM 471 cannot be used in the minor/concentration. If BCHM 470 and BCHM 471 is completed, BCHM 370 cannot be used in the minor/concentration.\nAt least 9 of the 12 credits must be elected at UM-Dearborn.\n- A minimum GPA of 2.0 is required for the minor/concentration. The GPA is based on all coursework required within the minor (excluding prerequisites).\n- A minimum of 9 credits must be completed at UM-Dearborn for a 12 credit minor/concentration.\n- A minimum of 12 credits must be completed at UM-Dearborn for a 15 or more credit minor/concentration.\n- Courses within a minor/concentration cannot be taken as Pass/Fail (P/F)\n- Only 3 credit hours of independent study or internship may be used to fulfill the requirements for a 12 credit hour minor/concentration. Only 6 credit hours of such credit may be used in a 15 or more credit hour minor/concentration.\n- Minors requiring 12 credits may share one course with a major. Minors requiring 15 credits or more may share two courses with a major. This does not apply to concentrations for the Integrative Studies major.\n- Demonstrate an understanding of the underlying laws of Chemistry, Biology and Physics and their applications to organisms.\n- Demonstrate proficient knowledge of the biochemical reactions that sustain life.\n- Demonstrate an understanding of how biochemical reactions are regulated and integrated, and the flux and exchange of energy and matter between organisms and their surroundings.\n- Understand the biochemical foundations for the unity and the diversity of the living organisms.\n- Understand and employ the methods and techniques of biochemical research.\n- Understand how to analyze, interpret and communicate biochemical data.\n- Possess the skills and knowledge to collaborate with researchers in related and interdisciplinary fields.\nBCHM 113 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Culture and Practice 3 Credit Hours\nMedicinal and aromatic plants have been used for thousands of years to treat illness, create aromatic atmospheres, enhance food flavors, and in ritual ceremonies. Recently, use of plants as alternative therapy has increased in medical practices leading to initiatives to regulate and assess their safety and effectiveness. This course is designed for students interested in health-related careers, food, culture and nutrition. The course explores the history, cultural practices, everyday use, and current research on medicinal and aromatic plants. (YR).\nBCHM 210 Biochemistry Laboratory Techniques 2 Credit Hours\nBiochemical Laboratory Techniques in an introduction to the equipment, procedures, and concepts used in the biochemistry laboratory. The class will cover topics such as scientific literature, keeping a laboratory notebook, statistical analysis and computer programs, as they relate to biochemistry. (W,YR)\nCan enroll if Major is Biochemistry\nBCHM 352 Introduction to Toxicology 3 Credit Hours\nAn introduction to the principles of toxicology with an emphasis on environmental toxicology. Major topics include toxic agents, toxicological mechanisms, and use of toxicological reference literature. Discussion of chemical carcinogenesis, genetic toxicology, immunotoxicology, teratology, and toxic responses of the skin, eyes, and nervous system. Three hours lecture. (AY).\nPrerequisite(s): CHEM 225\nBCHM 370 Principles of Biochemistry 3 Credit Hours\nA concise but comprehensive survey of various areas of biochemistry designed for non-biochemistry majors. The course follows the standard approach to the subject including a description of cells, their structure and constituent macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids), enzymology, bioenergetics, intermediary metabolism, and gene regulation. Students cannot take both Biochemistry 370 and 470 or 471 for any combination of concentration, cognate or minor requirement. Three hours lecture. (F).\nBCHM 390 Current Topics in Biochemistry 1 to 3 Credit Hours\nSpecial topics current to the field of biochemistry. Topics and format for the course may vary. See Schedule of Classes for current topic. Permission of instructor. (OC).\nBCHM 404 Mech. Chronic Human Disease 3 Credit Hours\nThis course focuses on the biochemical, molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the progression of chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Techniques in epidemiology, pathology, genetics, molecular biology, and biochemistry are used to understand how relevant physiological processes become pathological. The examination of chronic diseases provides an opportunity to understand biological processes across many scales of life, from extracellular matrix proteins to cells in blood vessel walls to risk factors in patient populations to the pharmacology of treatments. Use of primary literature is emphasized. Three hour lecture.\nCan enroll if Class is Junior or Senior\nBCHM 413 Extraction, purification, and characterization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 3 Credit Hours\nStudents will learn the techniques behind essential oil extraction and the biological uses of medicinal plants. Independent work throughout the semester will allow students to grow, extract, and analyze an oil from a medicinal plant of their choosing. Through working in groups, students will collaboratively produce a final product of diffusing oils, candles, or soaps with aromatherapy uses. Uses and case studies throughout the semester will appeal to the pre-health student interested in learning about holistic medicine while manufacturing techniques and discussions will interest scientists with an industrial career outlook. (W).\nBCHM 430 Bioinorganic Chemistry 3 Credit Hours\nThis course examines the roles that metals play in biological systems, including the chemical principles that make metal ions well-suited for roles in protein structure, in redox catalysis and in acid base chemistry. The physical and experimental techniques that are applied to explore the structure and function of metals systems will be introduced using case studies from the primary scientific literature in the field. BCHM 370 or its equivalent are strongly recommended but not required.\nBCHM 470 Biochemistry I 3 Credit Hours\nLife processes from a chemical viewpoint: structure/function relationships of biomolecules with emphasis on proteins, enzyme kinetics, and mechanisms of action. Three hours lecture. (W).\nBCHM 471 Biochemistry II 3 Credit Hours\nIntermediary metabolism, bioenergetics, energy transformation, metabolic interrelationships, biochemical regulation, highly structured subcellular biochemical systems. Three hours lecture. (W).\nBCHM 472 Biochemistry Laboratory I 1 Credit Hour\nThe techniques of preparative and analytical biochemistry. Preparation and characterization of proteins and nucleic acids. Physical and chemical properties of proteins and nucleic acids. Four hours laboratory. CHEM 344 Recommended. (F).\nBCHM 473 Biochemistry Laboratory II 1 Credit Hour\nThe techniques of preparative and analytical biochemistry. Preparation and characterization of lipids and carbohydrates. Methods in metabolism. Four hours laboratory. (W).\nBCHM 474 Molecular Biology 4 Credit Hours\nThis course will emphasize the molecular biology of eukaryotes, and topics will include genome organization and complexity, chromatin structure and function, gene expression, DNA replication and repair, genetic rearrangements, and the molecular biology of development. The laboratory will emphasize the application of recombinant DNA technology to the study of biological problems. Three hours lecture, four hours laboratory. (W).\nCorequisite(s): BCHM 474L\nBCHM 480 Biochemical Pharmacology 3 Credit Hours\nPharmacology is a study of drugs. In this course, the biochemical and molecular basis of drug action will be emphasized. Different categories of drugs, their use, abuse, and side effects will be presented. Three hours lecture. Permission of instructor. (OC).\nBCHM 485 Nutrition and Metabolism 3 Credit Hours\nFull Course Title: The Biochemistry of Human Nutrition and Metabolism Human Nutrition and Metabolism is an introduction to the relationship between food and nutrients, and their integration in the metabolic pathways. An understanding of the molecular basis of nutrition, related diseases, and overall health will be built on previous knowledge of cell biology and biochemistry. (AY)\nBCHM 490 Topics in Biochemistry 1 to 3 Credit Hours\nA course in special topics that examines research problems of current interest in biochemistry. Topics and format may vary. See current Schedule of Classes. One to three hours seminar. (W).\nBCHM 495 Off-Campus Research in Biochem 1 to 3 Credit Hours\nParticipation in ongoing research at an off-campus laboratory. No more than 6 hours combined from any Natural Science courses numbered 495, 498, and 499 may be credited toward the 120 hours required for a degree. Four to twelve hours laboratory. Permission of concentration advisor. (F,W,S).\nBCHM 496 Complex Systems 3 Credit Hours\nFull Title: Biochemistry Capstone: Complex systems in Biochemistry A complex system is defined as a system featuring a large number of interacting variables whose combined activity is non-linear and whose seemingly random behavior leads to self-organization. Current topics ** are used to explore how complex systems function in biology. All reading material in the class are taken from the scientific literature giving students a chance to become familiar with how biochemists convey ideas and report their findings. Each student will present a paper to the class to demonstrate the ability to communicate concepts of Biochemistry effectively. Students will also learn the process of proposal writing and will have the opportunity to research and write their own proposal and have it peer-reviewed by their classmates. **The topics for this course will change each year, depending on the instructor, and the focus of current advances in Biochemistry/Complex systems. (W,YR)\nCan enroll if Class is Senior\nBCHM 497 Seminar in Biochemistry 1 Credit Hour\nA seminar course that examines research problems of current interest in biochemistry. The course format may include training students to read and present scientific papers, guest lecturers, and lectures by the instructor on a selected topic. One hour seminar. Permission of instructor. (W).\nBCHM 498 Directed Reading in Biochem 1 to 3 Credit Hours\nLibrary research in a specific area of biochemistry performed under the direction of a faculty member. No more than six hours combined from departmental courses numbered 495, 498, and 499 may be credited toward the 120 hours required for a degree. Four to twelve hours readings. Permission of instructor. (F,W,S).\nBCHM 499 Laboratory Research in Biochem 1 to 3 Credit Hours\nDirected laboratory research performed under the supervision of a faculty member. Research training is encouraged. No more than six hours combined from departmental courses numbered 495, 498, and 499 may be credited toward the 120 hours required for graduation. Four to twelve hours laboratory. Permission of instructor. (F,W,S).\n*An asterisk denotes that a course may be taken concurrently.\nFrequency of Offering\nThe following abbreviations are used to denote the frequency of offering: (F) fall term; (W) winter term; (S) summer term; (F, W) fall and winter terms; (YR) once a year; (AY) alternating years; (OC) offered occasionally", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.chlamydia.com/Chlamydia%20Trachomatis/RelatedToArticle/", "date": "2013-05-21T22:23:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700795821/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103955-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9223853945732117, "token_count": 456, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__66355121", "lang": "en", "text": "Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection triggered by a bacterium called \"Chlamydia trachomatis\". This very bacterium not just infects the reproductive organs but could even infect the urinary tract as well as eyes and throat.\nThe bacteria resulting in Chlamydia can be transmitted by way of oral, anal or vaginal sex. An unborn kid might acquire this illness during vaginal birth. In the recent years the count of humans infected from Chlamydia have amplified manifold making it the most extensive sexually spread disease among the teenagers and youngsters.\nIf a woman is struggling with Chlamydia, she is most liable to experience itching in the vagina, vaginal discharge, urination along with burning sensation, painful sex, bleeding between menstrual periods, swelling in the rectum and the lining of the eye, nausea, fever and pain. A man afflicted with this may have penile discharge, urination accompanied with burning sensation, irritation at the opening of the penis, inflammation in the testicles, rectum and lining of the eye.\nChlamydia is also called \"silent epidemic\" because in majority the cases, i.e. 75% in women and 50% in men, Chlamydia will not reveal any indications. This makes its detection not easy.\nSuccessful antibiotics for Chlamydia are commonly accessible. Azithromycin and doxycycline are 2 best and commonly used antibiotics for Chlamydia. Single dose of Azithromycin is used in the cure. Though, if doxycycline is being administered for the cure, then it will have week long dosage schedule.\nThese two antibiotics have proved to be helpful in the most severe persistent cases too. Erythromycin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin and amoxicillin are a few other alternate antibiotics for Chlamydia. Erythromycin and amoxicillin are the 2 antibiotics found safe for expectant females too.\nChlamydia can be prevented by using condoms, not having multiple partners and by abstaining sex with infected persons. Sex education must ideally be given to teenagers and youngsters to get them alert about the sexually transmitted illness, how they are triggered, their prevention, symptoms and the cure available for these.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.prevor.com/en/hf-burns/", "date": "2023-12-01T20:50:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100304.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201183432-20231201213432-00743.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8790116310119629, "token_count": 401, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__169067998", "lang": "en", "text": "Mechanism and specificities of hydrofluoric acid burns (HF burns)\nHow does hydrofluoric acid present a specific hazard ?\nHydrofluoric acid has a dual action\n- a corrosive action due to the acid ions (H+), which can damage the superficial tissues (such as corneal epithelium or epidermis),\n- a toxic action due to the F– ions, which can deeply penetrate thanks to the acid destruction of the superficial layers of the skin or the eye, and can chelate calcium and thus disturb the biological balances, which leads to more or less deep physiological disorders.\nBy definition, fluorides in acidic medium (such as boron trifluoride, for instance) carry the same kind of hazard.\nAdvantages of an active rinsing with the HEXAFLUORINE® solution\nBecause of this specific hazard and in addition to its sweeping effect, an efficient rinsing must quickly and simultaneously\n- stop the further spread of the aggressive agent that has yet penetrated into the tissues\n- remove the chemical thanks to the flow of osmotic pressures\n- absorb all the aggressive potential of the chemical product (H+ et F– )\nThese three properties define the concept of active rinsing.\nFor decontamination to be optimal, the three above criteria must be gathered.\nToday the HEXAFLUORINE® solution is the only solution that contains a molecule meeting such requirements worldwide.\n- Mechanism of the chemical burn and creation of the chemical injury\n- Mechanism and specificities of hydrofluoric acid burns\n- Worsening factors of the chemical burn\n- Summary of the Chemical Burn\n- Rinsing instructions of chemical burns with DIPHOTERINE® and HEXAFLUORINE® solutions\n- Fluoride ions in acidic medium- corrosive and toxic like hydrofluoric acid, a danger to be considered", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://cromartylighthouse.org/", "date": "2024-02-27T01:09:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474669.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226225941-20240227015941-00055.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9433051943778992, "token_count": 415, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__187848223", "lang": "en", "text": "If you’d like learn more about and help with our bottlenose dolphin photo-identification research please register below. You’ll assist the research by grading our bottlenose dolphin pictures for quality using a simple step-by-step guide. Grading ensures only the best pictures are chosen, so we correctly identify each individual dolphin. By crowdsourcing this research, photos can be graded for quality faster and more effectively.\nOur bottlenose dolphin photo-identification project began in 1989 and is the longest running individual based study of bottlenose dolphins in the UK, and one of the longest in the world. We take photographs of the bottlenose dolphins on the east coast of Scotland each summer. Using the natural marks (nicks and tooth rakes) on the dolphins’ dorsal fins we can identify the individuals and keep track of their movements, how many there are, the number of calves they have and lots more about the dolphins’ ecology and biology.\nThese are an example of some of our photos. The first is of #11 Muddy who was born in 1988. Next is her mum #9 Guinness who we still see today! Muddy has had 6 calves, who we all still see, the first when she was 14 years old. Her second calf is #1024 Murky who was born in 2007. In 2015 Murky had her own calf, #1200, who is our second 4th generation calf.\nMost of our work is in the Moray Firth Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and our main research goal is to support conservation and management of the east coast Scotland population. This SAC is one of only three in the UK and we are tasked by Scottish Natural Heritage to monitor and provide regular conservation status updates. To find out more go to www.abdn.ac.uk/lighthouse.\nTo REGISTER please click here and then LOG IN with your e-mail address and password below to get started.\nIf you have already been registered, log in below.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.strathpineflorist.com.au/blog/kokedama-care-guide-/", "date": "2021-01-21T17:34:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703527224.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20210121163356-20210121193356-00057.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8865883946418762, "token_count": 139, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__39343819", "lang": "en", "text": "Kokedama Care Guide\nPublished: Thursday 4 July 2019\nKokedama (in English, literally means \"moss ball\"). They are a ball of soil, covered with moss or fibre, on which an ornamental plant grows.\nTIPS & TRICKS\n- On Watering: submerge into a bucket or sink of water for 1-2 minutes, until the bubbles stop. Remove from water and drain. Put back into hanger. Repeat this once a week.\n- On Maintenance: Remove dead leaves by cutting close to the base of the plant. When the plant out grows its casing, remove basket fibre & string and replant into a pot or garden.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.cn-brush.cn/Do-You-Use-the-Brooms-and-Mops-Correctly-id3263225.html", "date": "2023-02-06T06:32:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500304.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20230206051215-20230206081215-00393.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.952366054058075, "token_count": 983, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__211559105", "lang": "en", "text": "Views: 55 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2019-05-27 Origin: Site\nIn the daily life, especially when we clean the house, we use brooms and mops. Most of us regard brooms and mops as very common daily necessities that can help our homes become cleaner, however they may be also the items which are most easily affected by bacteria.\nHow many brooms are there in your house? Does each room have its own broom, or does the whole family use one? Maybe the broom in our house looks clean, but you know, the amount of dandruff and dust mites hidden in our hair and body actually exceeds your imagination. When we feel that there is dust in the house and we need to clean it with a broom, it seems to make the house cleaner, but what you ignore is that the dust in the room will become thicker because of the the air in the whole room became more turbid during cleaning.\nAs such a common household cleaning item in our life, after we clean the floor with a broom, the whole interior looks neat and orderly. But you will also notice that there is a lot of dust in the air after sweeping the floor with a broom. These dust clouds contain a lot of bacteria, which can easily cause people to breathe poorly and easily cause infection.\nAlthough our human nasal cavity has a certain barrier function to dust and bacteria, the bacteria and microorganisms that can be removed from the nasal cavity are also limited. Generally speaking, the dust and smaller particles larger than 10 microns can be blocked off from the nasal cavity, others tiny dust inhales directly into our respiratory system, which may cause a lot of inflammation in the respiratory tract, or even asthma over time. When these tiny dust invade the body, they deposit in the alveoli of the lungs, gradually causing symptoms such as bronchitis.\nThe mop is much more prone to breeding bacteria. People usually use a broom to remove the floating ashes and then drag the floor of the whole house with a mop. Most of the dust removed by broomsticks is dry dust, and mops are attached to many harmful bacteria, which is hard to remove. After mopping the ground with a mop, many of harmful bacteria attached to the mop are taken with it from outside to our homes. What's more, the mop is moist in most time, which is very helpful for the reproduction and growth of these bacteria.\nCommon bacteria that are easily attached to mops, including E. coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella, etc., which may even be fatal to some children and older people with weak resistance. You may be confused, if the mop used to clean up the house is so dangerous, how should the sanitation of the home be handled? Actually，as long as you use the the brooms and mops in the correct methods, it will be much safer and cleaner.\n1.You should have more than one brooms in our house. It's best to use a broom alone in each room for individual use. This can effectively prevent the spread of bacteria in different rooms.\n2. When sweeping the floor, we can put the old stockings on the broom and clean the floor. Because stockings are prone to static electricity, the hair and dust on the ground can easily stick to the surface of stockings when sweeping the floor. After cleaning the floor, you can throw away the stockings on the broom directly.\n3. Generally speaking, after using the plastic brooms, you can simply rinse them with water, and then leave the broom in the sun for a period of time until it is dry. This process can reduce most of the bacteria attached to the brooms.\n4. Clean brooms thoroughly and regularly. The way to wash a broom is to add some bleaching powder to the water. The ratio is about 1:100.\n5. When mopping the ground, some low concentration bleaching agent or potassium Permanganate can be sprayed on the ground. This will kill most of the bacteria on the ground during the mopping process, and it can effectively prevent most bacteria from sticking to the mop.\n6. After using the mop, wash the mop thoroughly with clean water, and then put it in the sun. The area is exposed to dry conditions in order to effectively prevent bacteria from being contaminated on mops for reproduction.\n7. Don't put used mops in the corner of the bathroom. The environment of the bathroom itself is humid and warm, which is easy to breed bacteria.\nBroomsticks and mops are important daily necessities for household cleaning. Everyone hopes that the family's living environment is cleaner and more comfortable. So don't ignore the cleaning of the cleaning tools.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://au.worldtrendnow.com/the-berberine-revolution-down-under-unveiling-australias-best-berberine-supplement-brands-in-2023/", "date": "2024-04-18T22:55:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817249.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418222029-20240419012029-00855.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9270661473274231, "token_count": 1110, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__175194194", "lang": "en", "text": "- The Health Benefits of Berberine Supplements in Australia\n- You might want to read !\nThe Health Benefits of Berberine Supplements in Australia\nIn recent years, there has been significant growth in the popularity of natural remedies and alternative medicines for maintaining and improving health. One such herbal supplement that has gained attention is berberine. Berberine is a compound found in various plants and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. Its potential health benefits have led to the emergence of numerous supplement brands in Australia, catering to those seeking holistic health and wellness solutions. This report aims to explore the evidence behind the health benefits of berberine, its potential applications in Australia, and provide an analysis of the supplement market.\nThe Health Benefits of Berberine\nBerberine has been extensively studied for its various health properties. Research suggests that berberine may have positive effects on several aspects of health, including:\n1. Blood Sugar Control\nStudies have shown that berberine may help regulate blood sugar levels. It is believed that berberine activates an enzyme called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. By activating this enzyme, berberine can enhance insulin sensitivity and promote the uptake of glucose into cells. This could potentially benefit individuals with diabetes or those at risk of developing the condition.\n2. Cholesterol Management\nBerberine has also been studied for its potential to lower cholesterol levels. Research indicates that berberine can reduce total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. These effects make berberine a promising natural alternative for managing cholesterol, particularly for individuals who cannot tolerate or prefer to avoid statin medications.\n3. Gut Health\nThe gut microbiome plays a crucial role in overall health and well-being. Preliminary studies suggest that berberine may have antimicrobial properties, which can help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria. Additionally, berberine has been shown to reduce inflammation in the gut and improve digestive function. These effects make it a promising supplement for individuals with conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).\n4. Weight Management\nObesity is a significant health concern globally, including in Australia. Berberine has shown potential in aiding weight management by increasing fat breakdown and reducing fat storage. Animal studies have demonstrated that berberine can activate brown adipose tissue, which is responsible for burning calories to generate heat. Human studies have also shown promising results, with berberine supplementation leading to significant weight loss in overweight individuals.\nThe Australian Supplement Market\nThe growing interest in natural remedies and alternative medicines has led to a boom in the Australian supplement market. Numerous brands now offer berberine supplements, catering to those seeking holistic health solutions outside traditional pharmaceuticals. It is essential, however, for consumers to exercise caution and consider the quality and reliability of the brands they choose.\nWhen selecting a berberine supplement, consumers should keep the following factors in mind:\n1. Quality Assurance\nEnsure that the supplement brand adheres to high-quality standards and has obtained necessary certifications. Look for products that are tested for purity, potency, and safety by third-party organizations. This helps guarantee the authenticity and reliability of the supplement.\n2. Transparency in Ingredients\nReview the ingredient list provided by the brand. Ensure that the main active ingredient is berberine and that it is present in an adequate dosage. Avoid brands that use unnecessary fillers, additives, or artificial ingredients.\n3. Reputation and Customer Reviews\nResearch the reputation of the brand and read customer reviews to gain insights into the effectiveness and overall experience of using the berberine supplement. Look for brands with positive reviews and a loyal customer base.\nBerberine supplements offer a natural and holistic approach to health and wellness. With potential benefits in blood sugar control, cholesterol management, gut health, and weight management, berberine has gained attention in the Australian health market. However, it is crucial for consumers to be discerning and choose reputable brands that prioritize quality, transparency, and customer satisfaction. As with any supplement, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating berberine into your regimen, particularly if you have any pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. While berberine‘s potential health benefits are promising, further research is still needed to fully understand its mechanisms and long-term effects.\n<< photo by Jared Rice >>\nThe image is for illustrative purposes only and does not depict the actual situation.\nYou might want to read !\n- The Berberine Breakdown: Unveiling Australia’s Top Berberine Brands for 2023\n- “The Berberine Boom Down Under: Unearthing Australia’s Top Berberine Supplements for 2023”\n- Liverpool’s Klopp vows to treat Europa League with utmost reverence\n- Kristen Bell Opens Up About Her “Surrogate” Daughter Hannah Anderson\n- Vera Wang and daughter stun in uncanny resemblance: The power of shared genes on full display\n- Connecting Hearts: R U OK? Day 2023 Encourages Open Conversations\n- Rethinking Kava: Unearthing the True Potential of this Pacific Panacea", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://startmit-2016.mit.edu/sangeeta-bhatia/", "date": "2023-06-05T17:27:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224652149.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20230605153700-20230605183700-00312.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9449846148490906, "token_count": 591, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__83455360", "lang": "en", "text": "John J. and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT\nDr. Sangeeta N. Bhatia conducts research at the intersection of engineering, medicine, and biology to develop novel platforms for understanding, diagnosing, and treating human disease. Bhatia’s laboratory leverages ‘tiny technologies’ of miniaturization tools used in semiconductor manufacturing to yield inventions with new applications in tissue regeneration, stem cell differentiation, medical diagnostics, and drug delivery. Dr. Bhatia’s findings have produced high-throughput-capable human microlivers, which model human drug metabolism, drug-induced liver disease, and interaction with human pathogens. Her group also develops nanoparticles and nanoporous materials that can be designed to assemble and communicate to diagnose and treat a variety of diseases, including cancer.\nDr. Bhatia directs the Laboratory for Multiscale Regenerative Technologies at MIT. She is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator and the John J. and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT. She is a member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, a senior member of the Broad Institute, and a biomedical engineer at Brigham & Women’s Hospital. Dr. Bhatia is an elected member of the National Academy of Engineering and the American Academy of Arts and Science, and is a fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, the Biomedical Engineering Society, and the American Society for Clinical Investigation. She has been awarded the 2014 Lemelson-MIT Prize, the Heinz Medal for groundbreaking inventions and advocacy for women in STEM fields, the David and Lucile Packard Fellowship given to “the nation’s most promising young professors in science and engineering,” the NSF CAREER Award, the Harvard Medical School Diversity Award, and the Harvard-MIT Thomas McMahon Mentoring Award, among many others.\nDr. Bhatia co-authored the first undergraduate textbook on tissue engineering and has published more than 160 manuscripts that have been cited over 16,000 times. Her work has been profiled broadly such as in Scientific American, the Boston Globe, Popular Science, Forbes, PBS’s NOVA scienceNOW, the Economist, and MSNBC, among many others, and she was recently included in Scientific American’s ‘Worldview 100’ list of the most influential researchers in Biotechnology. She and her 150+ trainees have contributed to more than 40 issued or pending patents and launched 10 biotechnology companies with 70+ products. She is a frequent advisor to governmental organizations, industrial corporations, and think tanks, and advocates for diversity in science and engineering. Dr. Bhatia holds a B.S. from Brown University; M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from MIT; and an M.D. from Harvard Medical School.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.uniquesikhbabynames.com/10-ways-to-keep-your-child-safe-and-healthy-during-the-monsoon.php", "date": "2019-05-26T05:34:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232258849.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20190526045109-20190526071109-00522.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9609000086784363, "token_count": 230, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__126328538", "lang": "en", "text": "The monsoons are among the most eagerly awaited seasons, as they bring much needed respite from the searing heat of the summer. It’s the perfect time to sip on a hot brew coupled with some snacks, and watch the raindrops on their way. However, the monsoon also brings its fair share of hassles, the biggest bother being mosquitoes.\nMosquitoes breed in still water, and soon diseases like dengue, malaria and chikungunya begin to do the rounds. Also to be wary of are diseases like the flu, pneumonia and typhoid, which are communicable via air and water. And infants being the delicate creatures they are, stand at greater risk of contracting these diseases.\nPneumonia and typhoid are potentially deadly for children. So, if you have an infant at home, don’t kick back just yet. Prepare yourself, your home and your child against the worst of the monsoon. We’ve put together a list of 10 things you should do before and around the onset of the monsoons, to keep your infant safe and healthy.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://melbourneorthodonticgroup.com.au/smoking-braces/", "date": "2022-05-28T05:01:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652663012542.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220528031224-20220528061224-00333.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.938058078289032, "token_count": 263, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__182507746", "lang": "en", "text": "No this is not a ‘you’re naughty ruining your lungs’ smoking rant (although you do know you are don’t you?). But besides the link between tobacco and heart disease, stroke, emphysema, and cancer (especially lung and throat cancers), smoking leads to the following oral health consequences:\n- Bad breath – when you have braces, there are just more areas for bacteria and contaminants to loiter. So smoking with braces often leads to more severe odor.\n- Tooth discoloration – smoking stains your teeth – when you have braces it is harder to brush increasing the likelihood of obvious tooth discoloration following the removal of your braces.\n- Inflammation of the salivary gland openings on the roof of the mouth\n- Increased loss of bone within the jaw – which can compromise your treatment time and stabilization.\n- Increased risk of developing gum disease, a leading cause of tooth loss\n- Delayed healing process – making your mouth ulcers (that we all get when we first have braces) more painful and taking longer to heal.\nDo yourself a favour and use your decision to invest in braces an opportunity to quit. There are plenty of resources and support groups out there willing to help.\n(primary source QuitNow & WebMD)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://blogtrove.com/health/medical-reasons-and-symptoms-of-extreme-hair-loss/", "date": "2024-02-23T06:14:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474361.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223053503-20240223083503-00358.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.930019736289978, "token_count": 1083, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__10751340", "lang": "en", "text": "Medical Reasons and Symptoms of Extreme Hair Loss\nHair loss is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. While it is natural to shed some hair every day, excessive hair loss can be distressing and may indicate an underlying medical issue. In this article, we will explore the medical reasons behind extreme hair loss and discuss the accompanying symptoms that can help identify and address the problem effectively.\n- Androgenetic Alopecia: Also known as male or female pattern baldness, is the most common cause of hair loss. It is a hereditary condition where hair follicles become sensitive to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone derived from testosterone. Over time, DHT weakens the hair follicles, causing them to produce shorter, finer hair until they eventually stop producing hair altogether.\n- Telogen Effluvium: Telogen effluvium is a condition characterized by excessive shedding of hair. It is often triggered by a significant physiological or emotional stressor, such as childbirth, surgery, severe illness, or emotional trauma. This stressor disrupts the hair growth cycle, pushing more hair follicles into the telogen (resting) phase, leading to a noticeable increase in hair shedding.\n- Alopecia Areata: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, resulting in sudden hair loss. It can occur in patches on the scalp or even lead to complete hair loss (alopecia totalis) or loss of hair on the entire body (alopecia universalis). The exact cause of alopecia areata is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.\n- Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders disrupt the normal hormonal balance in the body. PCOS, for instance, can cause an excess of androgens (male hormones), leading to hair thinning and loss in a male pattern. Similarly, an underactive or overactive thyroid can disrupt hair growth cycles, resulting in hair loss.\n- Nutritional Deficiencies: Inadequate intake of essential nutrients can significantly impact hair health. Deficiencies in vitamins, minerals (such as iron and zinc), and proteins can weaken hair follicles and lead to increased hair shedding. Poor diet, crash diets, or certain medical conditions that affect nutrient absorption can contribute to these deficiencies.\n- Trichotillomania: Psychological disorder where individuals have an irresistible urge to pull out their hair, resulting in hair loss. It is often associated with stress, anxiety, or other mental health conditions.\n- Scalp Infections: Fungal or bacterial infections of the scalp, such as ringworm (tinea capitis), can cause hair loss. These infections can lead to inflammation, damage to the hair follicles, and subsequent hair loss.\n- Medical Treatments: Some medical treatments like chemotherapy for cancer, radiation therapy, and certain medications (e.g., antidepressants, anticoagulants, beta-blockers) can cause hair loss as a side effect.\n- Skin Disorders: Certain skin conditions like psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis can affect the scalp, leading to inflammation, itching, and hair loss.\nExtreme hair loss can manifest with various symptoms, which may include:\n- Excessive Hair Shedding: You may notice an increased amount of hair falling out during activities such as brushing, showering, or even gentle tugging.\n- Thinning Hair: The overall volume and density of your hair may gradually decrease, resulting in a visibly thinner appearance, especially on the top of the scalp.\n- Receding Hairline: In cases of androgenetic alopecia (male or female pattern baldness), there may be a noticeable receding hairline or the appearance of a widening part in the hair.\n- Bald Patches: With conditions like alopecia areata, hair loss may occur in small, round patches on the scalp or other areas of the body.\n- Itching or Scalp Irritation: Some hair loss conditions may cause itching, irritation, or inflammation of the scalp, leading to discomfort.\n- Changes in Hair Texture: The remaining hair may become brittle, dry, or easily breakable due to the weakening of the hair shafts.\n- Excessive Hair on Pillows or Clothing: If you observe an unusual amount of hair left on pillows, bedding, or clothing, it may indicate significant hair loss.\nThe Final Word\nMen and women are equally conscious about their hair loss and baldness issues. Hair loss was earlier considered a sign of aging, but now the story seems to differ. Nowadays, even youngsters are also facing hair loss at the early age of their 20s. Medications can be beneficial for stopping hair loss or thinning, but the results are questionable when talking about permanency.\nTherefore, if you want a permanent solution, a hair transplant for men and women can be an ideal solution. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional or dermatologist to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. They can provide a proper diagnosis and suggest suitable treatment options based on your specific situation.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.bernell.com/product/2747/Index_H", "date": "2022-08-19T08:15:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573630.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819070211-20220819100211-00753.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9345995783805847, "token_count": 254, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__184079851", "lang": "en", "text": "Item #: TMI90\nThe exophthalmometer is an instrument designed to measure the forward protrusion of the eye. This instrument provides a method of evaluating the recording the progression and regression of the prominence of an eye caused by disorders such as thyroid disease and tumors of the orbit.\nThis instrument consists of a horizontal calibrated bar with movable carriers at each side. Each carrier consists of mirrors inclined at 45 degrees to reflect both the scale reading and the apex of the cornea in profile. Notches on the side carriers are placed on the bony lateral orbital margins of the patient. The patient is then asked to fixated on a point on the examiner's forehead. The apex of the cornea of each eye is superimposed on the millimeter scale reading by the inclined mirrors. The measurement of each eye is recorded by the examiner, alternately viewing with the right and left eye.\nThe distance along the horizontal bar is also recorded as the bases so that the carriers will be set at the same base at subsequent reading's for comparison of the forward protrusion of each eye in relation to the bony orbit. This instrument is more accurate in detecting changes from year to year than the Luedde.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.thecollectivestore.com.au/products/mushroom-m8", "date": "2024-02-28T20:24:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474744.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228175828-20240228205828-00602.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9461913108825684, "token_count": 187, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__163777502", "lang": "en", "text": "Mushroom M8 contains 8 of the world's favourite medicinal mushrooms in a single capsule, hand-picked to support immunity, gut health, hormonal function, and the nervous system.\nThese eight mushrooms were some of the most revered and cherished by the traditional healers the world over, especially the Taoists.\nMushroom M8 is an immunological powerhouse and supports the body to return to harmony through normalising the nervous and hormonal systems as well as regulating the Qi of all major organs.\nThese convenient capsules are the perfect starting point for someone wanting to get started on their path to radiant health, or for the well versed herbalist to maintain their daily dose of medicinal mushrooms.\nMedicinal mushrooms typically work to strengthen the Spleen and Lung channels; this blend also works on the Liver, Kidney, and Heart channels making it a full-power formula to bring overall harmony and vitality to the body.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.annarborrunningcompany.com/products/hotshot", "date": "2022-06-29T19:17:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103642979.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220629180939-20220629210939-00096.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9283720254898071, "token_count": 250, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__86457480", "lang": "en", "text": "If you don't see a particular item, shoe, size, or color on our website that you would like to order, we would love to help you out. Please fill out the following FORM and we will contact you with more info.\nHOTSHOT is a 1.7oz sports shot that boosts your Neuro Muscular Performance and is scientifically proven to prevent and treat muscle cramps. Invented by a Nobel Prize-winning neuroscientist/endurance athlete and a professor of neurobiology at Harvard Medical School, HOTSHOT works by stimulating Transient Receptor Potential channels located in the mouth, throat and esophagus – preventing neurons from misfiring – ultimately stopping muscle cramps where they start. At the nerve. How To Use: Drink HOTSHOT to prevent, treat and recover from exercise-associated muscle cramps. PREVENT: Drink a 1.7oz HOTSHOT ~15 minutes before exercise to prevent muscle cramps. Feel it work from the first kick to the warm afterglow. TREAT: Drink at the first sign of cramping. It starts working in minutes. RECOVER: Drink after activity to prevent post-exercise cramping.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.aes.org/events/135/presenters/?ID=1759", "date": "2017-02-20T13:18:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501170562.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104610-00633-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8576930165290833, "token_count": 108, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-09__0__125116324", "lang": "en", "text": "AES New York 2013 Presenter or Author\nPrimary Affiliation: Cornell University - Ithaca, NY, USA\nPete Marchetto is the Engineering Physicist for the Hardware Engineering Group in the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Bioacoustics Research Program. He is also a graduate student in the Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, working on instrumentation to measure the exposure levels of animals to noise, and to quantify their behavioral responses.\nMore Info: http://about.me/pete.marchetto", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://amblingalongtogether.wordpress.com/2016/04/", "date": "2018-07-23T05:31:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676594954.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20180723051723-20180723071723-00437.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9338623881340027, "token_count": 127, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__235500819", "lang": "en", "text": "The Burgess Bird Book\nBy Thornton W. Burgess\nThis wonderful introduction to the birds of North America is required reading in not only Year 1 of AmblesideOnline, but in many Charlotte Mason and other Classical Studies based curricula.\nThrough the eyes of Peter Rabbit we become acquainted with a variety of birds as they return to Peter’s neighborhood in the spring. In the context of the story about each bird, we hear about its nesting habits, its feeding preferences, and its interactions with other wildlife. We meet Jenny Wren, Scrapper the King-bird, Redwing the Blackbird, and dozens more.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://oklahomapoison.org/prevention/animals", "date": "2023-12-02T14:11:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100427.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202140407-20231202170407-00517.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9206211566925049, "token_count": 1563, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__95598875", "lang": "en", "text": "Oklahoma is home to 44 different kind of snakes, but only a few have venom. Snakes in Oklahoma are most active from April through October.\nThe venomous snakes of Oklahoma include:\n- Western Massasauga Rattlesnake\n- Prairie Rattlesnake\n- Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake\n- Timber Rattlesnake\n- Western Pygmy Rattlesnake\nDownload, print and share our Oklahoma Snake Brochure\nYou have probably heard advice about what to do if bitten by a snake. Unfortunately, not all steps people take to treat a snake bite make the situation better.\n- Sit down and stay calm.\n- Wash the wound with warm soapy water.\n- Remove jewelry or tight clothing.\n- Keep the bitten area still and rise to heart level.\n- Call the Oklahoma Center for Poison & Drug Information.\n- If a snakebite victim is having chest pain, difficulty breathing, face swelling or has lost consciousness call 911 immediately.\n- Cut the bitten area and try to drain the venom.\n- Try to remove the venom by sucking it or using a suction device.\n- Ice the area. Ice may cause additional tissue damage.\n- Apply a tourniquet or tight bandage. It is better for the venom to flow through the body than for stay in one area.\n- Attempt to catch tor kill the snake.\n- Give the victim sedatives or alcohol.\nIf a snakebite victim is having chest pain, difficulty breathing, face swelling or has lost consciousness, call 911 immediately.\nSome spiders can cause illness in some people. Two common spiders that can harm you are the female black widow and the brown recluse. A bite from one of these spiders can cause serious problems in a child, a senior, or a person in poor health. However, these bites rarely cause death.\nThe Black Widow\nThe female black widow is a black, shiny spider. It has a red or orange hourglass shape on its underside. Within 30 minutes to 120 minutes after being bitten by the female, you may feel stomach pain, dizziness, and headache. The bite may cause a sharp, pinprick-like pain. This pain may subside and reappear as a dull, throbbing ache followed by severe muscle pain and cramps. Black widows prefer dark, quiet places like garages, meter boxes or furniture.\nThe brown recluse is a yellowish-tan to dark brown spider. It has a small body and long legs. The brown recluse has a brown violin marking on the top side of its middle section. Habitats include cracks, crevices and dark undisturbed places like attics and closets.\nSigns and Symptoms\n- Mild to severe pain usually develops within two to eight hours. One or two tiny puncture holes may be seen at the site of the bite, surrounded by a white and red \"halo\".\n- Blisters usually appear within 24 hours. An ulcer may be seen within 48 hours. Pain and itching increase.\n- The bite area also feels hot, swollen and warm to the touch.\n- Within 24 to 48 hours, there may be u-like symptoms, joint pain and rash.\n- If you see dark urine within 72 hours after a bite, get medical attention right away.\n- Serious symptoms may occur in children.\n- The tissue dies and sloughs away and an open ulcer may form within one to two weeks.\n- Although rare, serious reactions may cause death. No antidote is currently available. Treatment consists of good first aid care and observing for the above symptoms.\nOklahoma ticks include the Lone Star, American dog and black-legged tick. Ticks are capable of transmitting several diseases, including Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease, STARI (Southern tick-associated rash illness) and tularemia. If you become ill within one week of a recent tick bite or after visiting a tick-infested area, call a physician right away!\n- Wear light-colored clothing so that ticks can be seen more easily. Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants tucked into socks. Wear closed-toe shoes, not sandals.\n- Examine everyone frequently, including pets, for ticks. The longer the tick remains attached, the greater the risk of tick-borne illness.\n- Use an insect repellent on skin and clothing. Follow the directions specified on the container and use the lowest strength for children. Reapply as directed on the label.\nScorpions in Oklahoma can cause a painful sting, but serious, life-threatening symptoms are rare. Swelling is generally limited. The sensation of numbness and tingling may occur but usually stops within 24 hours. A cold pack placed on the sting site is usually quite effective in reducing pain. An additional symptom that can be seen following a scorpion sting is a metallic taste in the mouth. This is not unusual,and does not indicate a problem. General first aid care is usually all the treatment that is required.\nBees, Wasps and Hornets\nFor a bee sting, remove the stinger from the wound as quickly as possible to prevent the injection of additional venom. Bees have barbed stingers, which are left embedded in the skin, usually with the venom sac still attached. After stinging, the bee will die.\n- Remove the stinger by grasping it close to the skin, or scraping across the skin using the edge of a credit card, coin, or other dull object.\n- Do NOT squeeze the venom sac, as that will result in more venom being injected into the skin.\n- After the stinger has been removed, follow with general first aid care for the wound.\nSymptoms usually go away within a few hours. Because their stingers have no barbs, wasps and hornets may sting repeatedly. These stings can easily become infected.\nIf you have trouble breathing or rapid and severe swelling, call 911 immediately. For any other symptoms outside the immediate area of the injury, such as flu-like symptoms.\nInsect bites/stings. Be alert to insects that may bite or sting. After a sting, the site will show redness and swelling. It may be itchy and painful. Be careful around bees, wasps, hornets, and yellow jackets. Some people are allergic to insect stings. To these people, a sting may cause serious problems and even death. Go to a hospital right away if you are stung and have any of these signs: hives, dizziness, breathing trouble, or swelling around eyes and mouth.\n- Be sure to check the label on any insect repellent.\n- Most contain DEET, which can harm children if used improperly or in large amounts.\n- Do not allow children to apply repellent to themselves.\n- When using repellent on a child, put a little on your own hands, then rub them on your child.\n- Avoid the eyes and mouth.\n- Use separate products when there is a need for insect spray and sunscreen.\n- Do not use sunscreen that contains DEET.\n- Repeatedly applying a product with DEET can increase the risk of harmful effects.\n- Always follow the instructions on the label.\n- For most products, after returning indoors, wash treated skin with soap and water.\n- Call the Poison Helpline with your questions.\nBites and stings are common in Oklahoma. Our staff are here 24/7 to take your calls and questions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.argosyfnd.org/Hyman-Newman-Institute-for-Neurology-and-Neurosurgery.html", "date": "2019-11-17T02:05:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496668782.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20191117014405-20191117042405-00389.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9330534338951111, "token_count": 622, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__62157916", "lang": "en", "text": "Hyman-Newman Institute for Neurology and Neurosurgery\nFounded in 1996 by Drs. Fred Epstein and Alejandro Berenstein, the Hyman-Newman Institute for Neurology and Neurosurgery (INN) in New York City soon became one of the foremost medical institutions specializing in the treatment of neurological disorders in adults and children. Initially based at Beth Israel Medical Center, the INN developed a worldwide reputation for excellence in pediatric and endovascular neurosurgery. Now located at Roosevelt Hospital under the direction of Dr. Berenstein, the institute continues its pediatric concentration along with a heightened focus on the treatment of conditions related to the vascular system of the brain, head, face, spine and spinal cord. Over the years, the INN has remained committed to offering a healing and humanistic environment to its patients.\nIn 2007, the Argosy Foundation partnered with the INN, a self-described “institute without walls.” Multiple specialized areas are benefiting from the support, including the Vascular Biology Research Program and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.\nLeading the Way\nRespected for its contributions to research and its multidisciplinary staff, the INN attracts patients from all parts of the United States and around the world. Its doctors are able to treat a variety of medical disorders without open surgery by using x-rays and other imaging techniques to guide small tubes (catheters) and devices through the blood vessels. Because these procedures involve smaller incisions, less pain and shorter hospital stays, they reduce the amount of stress and risk of complication to the patient.\nEstablished in 2001, the INN’s Vascular Biology Research Program continues to take the lead in the development of new treatments for life-threatening vascular diseases. The program operates a laboratory at St. Luke’s Hospital. The knowledge gained at the laboratory is then applied in clinical practice at the INN at Roosevelt Hospital in the treatment of complex vascular anomalies, including arteriovenous malformations, hemangiomas, stroke and cerebral aneurysms.\nThe Human Touch\nThe INN’s philosophy of putting children and their families first is visible throughout the Pediatric ICU at Roosevelt. This unit is dedicated to helping young patients recover from surgery, play, learn, and otherwise resume their normal lives as much as possible. It provides a relaxing atmosphere featuring a beautiful ocean-patterned floor, a nurses’ station decorated like a playful jeep, paintings in each room of animals and flora from across the globe, and a cheerful, soothing color scheme of soft blues, greens and yellows. A small activity playroom, staffed with a Child Life Specialist, helps children escape the rigors of treatment while enjoying arts and crafts, parties and toys.\nWith the help of a forward-thinking attitude and philanthropic partners such as the Argosy Foundation, the Hyman-Newman Institute for Neurology and Neurosurgery will continue to provide the highest quality care in a compassionate, patient-centered environment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://weeklytimes.com.au/killer-shark-caught-by-locals-under-the-gladesville-bridge/", "date": "2018-04-22T22:06:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125945660.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20180422212935-20180422232935-00122.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9550374150276184, "token_count": 159, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__167105726", "lang": "en", "text": "This menacing Shark was caught under the Gladesville Bridge earlier this month.\nLocal fishing enthusiast Patrick McLograna tells the tale:\n“It was a team effort to bring this beast on board battling with it for 1.45 hours,just past Gladesville Bridge. “\n“We’ve since identified it as a Mako shark although we originally thought it might have been a bull shark.\n“A group of us were out fishing for Jew fish to celebrate my father’s 81st birthday.\n“This is normally a deep sea species, so to see one this far down the harbour is very rare indeed!\n“We measured it at over 8ft long and conservatively weighing in around 150kgs.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://albuquerqueherbalism.com/herbalism-series-fall/", "date": "2023-12-09T21:42:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100972.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209202131-20231209232131-00727.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8492913246154785, "token_count": 505, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__242470151", "lang": "en", "text": "Through this semester-long course students will learn how herbs can benefit many acute and chronic conditions including respiratory infections, digestive illness, ear infections, sore throats, auto-immunity, skin conditions, stress, chronic pain, insomnia, mood imbalances, deep immune issues, pathogens and parasites, heart health, lymph flow, urinary infections, and women’s health.\nStudents will learn about herbal actions and get hands-on experience preparing and using herbal remedies to take home including herbal infusions, decoctions, tinctures, infused oils, salves, medicated soaps, liniments, syrups, infused honey, and more.\nThe semester series also includes registration for all four of our in-depth, one day specialty topics:\n- Natural Perfumery (In-Person)\n- Invasive Plant Medicine (Live Online)\n- Herbal History, Plants & Practice in Mexican Curanderismo (Live Online)\n- Herbal Cocktails (In-Person)\nAdditionally, this course includes three field classes:\n- a field trip in the Sandia foothills focusing on plant identification and medicinal uses;\n- a field trip in the Rio Grande Bosque focusing on plant identification, medicinal uses, and land stewardship;\n- a morning of field work doing native medicinal plant restoration and habitat improvement with the Yerba Mansa Project (optional)\nMore extras included: Through this course we will build a booklet of reference handouts from each class that includes a wealth of herbal information, remedy making instructions, recipes, and more.\nThe cost for semester enrollment includes all 4 of the single-day specialty classes, all of your herbal remedy-making supplies, field trips, medicinal plant restoration experience, class handouts, and 34 hours of herbal instruction.\nSemester cost: $655 with all supplies included.\n- 2023 Class Dates:\n- 13 Tuesdays: August 15-November 14 (except Halloween) (6 pm – 8 pm)\n- 4 Saturdays: September 9 (10am – 1pm); September TBA (9am – 12 noon); October 14 (10 am – 1 pm); November 4 (10 am – 1pm)\n- Location: Tuesday sessions take place at The Source, 1111 Carlisle Blvd. SE\n- Space is limited. Registration is required.\nCLASS IS FULL – JOIN US NEXT SEMESTER\nAnna Marija Helt\nAtava Garcia Swiecicki", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.illinoisunites.org/organization/here-are-4-benefits-of-human-growth-hormone", "date": "2018-06-19T22:14:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267863206.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20180619212507-20180619232507-00202.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9554036855697632, "token_count": 627, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__195992730", "lang": "en", "text": "Here Are 4 Benefits Of Human Growth Hormone\nAnyone into sports and fitness has of course come across the term human growth hormone or HGH as it has been a subject of controversy for a while, with the organization in charge of anti-doping in sports raising the red flag on its abuse by athletes. Well, if you are not in this category then you’re probably wondering what is human growth hormone?\nTo answer your question, this is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans therefore it’s very essential for human development. When this hormone is secreted, it will remain active in a person’s bloodstream for a couple of minutes, to allow the liver sufficient time to convert the HGH into growth factors.\nHere are 4 benefits of human growth hormones and why they may be a concern in athletics.\n#1 HGH helps in increasing muscle strength\nIt’s believed that human growth hormone can improve the physical abilities of an individual as it helps in increasing muscular strength thereby improving a person’s physical performance in exercise as well as in sporting activities. When this hormone is increased naturally by the body, it shouldn’t be a problem however if it’s deliberately increased synthetically then this can be equated to doping.\n#2 HGH helps in better healing of fractures\nIt’s believed that human growth hormone is responsible for the regulation of minerals, bone metabolism as well as the healing of fractures. There are medical organizations that use these hormones as part of the speedy healing of patients with bone fractures, especially athletes. For medical application, an athlete will not be penalized for using HGH in the process of speeding their healing. They just need to ensure that the excess hormones are still not in their body when they return back to competitive sports.\n#3 HGH helps in quickening weight loss\nFor people looking to lose weight fast, using growth hormones can contribute to the process as it helps in the acceleration of the breakdown of fats in the body. This can safely apply not only to overweight athletes looking to lose weight fast after being on holiday but also on individuals suffering from obesity. However, this is still a subject of research therefore there is plenty yet to be discovered on the use of HGH with regards to its application in weight loss.\n#4 HGH contributes to stronger bones\nJust as HGH promotes healing of fractures, it also contributes to stronger bones. It’s important to note that when individuals are young and healthy, the body tends to produce sufficient HGH targeted at bone development and strength however as they grow older, the amount of HGH produced by the body decreases. This is the reason why athletes will often be tempted to turn to an organization producing synthetic HGH as they seek to strengthen their bones probably after an injury.\nIt’s important for users of synthetic HGH to be aware that there are side effects to its abuse which could even result in death. Care should be taken to ensure that it’s only used when very necessary.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://girardmeister.com/tag/coronavirus/", "date": "2024-02-24T05:55:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474523.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224044749-20240224074749-00055.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9570042490959167, "token_count": 3568, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__881909", "lang": "en", "text": "I am not a hematologist. Nor an immunologist or a virologist. Just an aspiring amateur writer who has recognized that typos fall into two dominant categories. Regular readers have no doubt spotted more than a few.\nThe first kind of typo comes from stream of consciousness – such as just getting the initial thoughts and sentences tapped in. Misspellings, poor grammar, dreary or ambiguous word choice, double words, lazy punctuation. The long list continues: verb/noun mismatch; change of tense within a paragraph; chronological inconsistencies; using “their” or “your” for “they’re” and “you’re” …\nThese are all forgivable, and relatively painless. Many make it to draft status, when well over 90% can be cleaned up by a few proofreading passes.\nIt’s the second kind of typo that is really painful. These result from late edits. The eleventh-hour flash of brilliance that results in a “catastrophic improvement.” At the final moment, with the cake fully iced, the product is ready for a la mode, and full reader enjoyment!\nBut no! Those last flourishes require just as much proof reading as the original drafts. Yet, it is so easy to skip. I’ve done it many times. Slow learner.\nTo my readers: Thank\nyou. Many of you have gently suggested\nimprovements and corrections to my typos and “facts.” The rest of you have kindly ignored them; or,\nperhaps in your brilliance, merely read what I intended, not what I wrote. Exhibit A: My last\nessay enfolded references to (a) a famous bathroom fixture\ncompany, (b) its founder, (c) the label for a common convenience, and (d) my\nregular tapestry of history, factoids,\nand observations. During some\npost-published proof-reading I found a few major hiccups. It’s better now, but\nonly after some help and a couple of paragraph re-writes.\nNot only are there two kinds of typo; there are two kinds of Type-O. Positive and negative. We’re talking blood here.\nI am O-positive. That’s the most common blood type, nearly 40% of humans have it, despite O’s transmission on a recessive gene. About 85-90% of people in need of transfusion can accept my blood. If I didn’t carry the Rh-positive antigen, 100% could take my blood.\nThrough the magic of genetics and natural anti-bodies, I am quite valuable to blood banks. There is a virus connection here. How appropriate for this time of novel coronavirus, SARS CoV-2 and international tumult.\nMost adult humans have, at some point in their lives, contracted the Cytomegalo Virus (or CMV). As much as 80%. Of those affected, nearly 100% who contract it suffer from only mild symptoms, if any. Except infants. CMV can cause severe long-term damage to new arrivals – especially “preemies” – as their immune systems are just waking up.\nOf the many scores of herpes viruses discovered, only eight are known to regularly affect humans. Once infected, our bodies almost always eventually mount a swift and decisive victory, driving the virus from the battlefield – our homeland: tissues, organs, blood. Better, our well-evolved immune systems retain intermediate and long-term immunity via anti-bodies (of the five main types Immunoglobulin-M and -G antibodies are of the most interest here).\nLike many types of virus, the herpes family is insidious. Even though thoroughly thwarted by a superior foe, they execute a strategic retreat, never quite leaving the body. They “hang out” in nerve cells. Lying dormant for long intervals, they occasionally “wake up” to see if their host – us! – is healthy enough to fight them off for another round of battle. If the response is “yes”, they retreat again to the sanctuary of our nerves, a place a proper immune system has been trained to not attack.\nThis happens over and over again, until we die, as sufferers of HSV 1 and 2 can attest (Herpes Simplex 1 or 2); that is, repeated blistering around the mouth, or even in the mouth. Those episodes of re-occurrence are only mildly annoying when compared to what can happen with the Chicken Pox virus (Vicella Zoster Virus, or VZV); later in life it can manifest as what’s commonly called “Shingles” – with an agonizing and often debilitating rash accompanied by stabbing pains.\nSince CMV is in the Herpes family there is always a likelihood it is in someone’s blood; that is, if they have ever had it in their life. Hence, their blood must never be used for transfusions to infants.\nMy blood always tests negative for CMV anti-bodies, both IgM and IgG. This means it is not lying dormant somewhere and I am a safe donor for infants.\nI donate blood as often as practicable. I am of some use to society. We Type-Os are also delicious to mosquitoes. My wife says that having me around is better than using insect repellant.\nUntil the previous turn of the century, blood types were unknown. The micro-biological processes of transfusions and outcomes were a mystery, so it was practiced sparingly and as a last resort. Sometimes with spectacular success. But more often with horrible, painful, fatal results.\nAt that time Austrian scientist Karl Landsteiner was wondering about this. He hit upon the idea of simply mixing blood from various people together to see what happened. No chemistry. No microscopes. In hindsight, this seems most unsophisticated – even elementary; but no one had done it.\nWhat he found was rather amazing. Some samples got along well together, and most others did not; they made globules: which was the observable effect of one blood trying to obviate the other; or each other. Landsteiner had discovered blood types! For this he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine, decades later, in 1930.\nAt first he identified 3 types: he labeled them A, B and C.\nIn the scaled down world of micro-biology and microbes, red blood cells are like titans. Thin and disk-like, they average about 7 microns in diameter, with a thickness of 2 microns, which “squishes” down to about 1 micron at the center, not unlike Life Saver candies. [From now on, I will give sizes in microns, with no units, for simplicity]. This topography gives the red cell a very large surface area compared to its mass and size, which is useful for its main duty: ferrying oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules around the body and passing them across its surface membrane.\nA CMV virion’s size is about 0.2. The SARS nCoV-2 is probably smaller than that: about 0.1. Bacteria, like staph and strep are bigger, but still smaller than a reddie: size, on average, about 1.\nA and B blood types were found to carry antigens on their surface. Antigens are anything that triggers an “attack” from antibodies. These red blood cell antigens are, surprisingly, sugars of the D-galactose family, size about 0.0005 (or 1/2000th the average thickness of a red blood cell).\nA blood type which has no sugar antigens, C, was re-named O, which basically means zero, or none. A little later it was discovered that some types carry both A and B antigens, so they were naturally named “AB” – pretty rare. These 4 types (A, B, AB and O) comprise 99.9+% of all blood types.\nNow it’s not at all complicated to tell who can take whose blood for a transfusion. Since my O has no sugar antigens, anyone can take my blood. But my body will “see” the A, B, and AB cells as invaders. We Type-Os are picky. Although anyone can take my blood, I can only take Type-O.\nBut wait, not quite so simple. There were still problems.\nRh markers were found a few decades later, around 1940 (also, sort of, by Landstein ) – just in time for most of WW2, resulting in fewer multiple-transfusion complications … and a better understanding of baby-to-mother Rh mismatch for the baby-boom that followed WW2.\nThe Rh markers are proteins (there are actually about 49 of them; the most common is type-D), about size 0.003. About 90% of people have Rh-positive blood.\nFloating nearby in the plasma are anti-bodies. For mammals these are about size 0.1 – quite small. In Rh-negative people, these little workers are always “on the ready” to identify Rh proteins as “bad guys.” And also to identify foreign A and B antigens.\nPeople, especially prospective mothers, with no Rh proteins (i.e. Rh-negative) must be careful with donations and pregnancies. The first time the body encounters the Rh antigen the process or pregnancy is usually OK. But the body is stirred up, and it remembers. The next time it’s “attack.” If a Rh-negative patient gets more than one Rh-positive transfusion — or a Rh-negative mom gets a second Rh-positive baby in utero — it can be bad news.\nReturning to the red blood cell. It is quite large; a workhorse of the vascular system. Yet, one might wonder: why have we evolved so that its surface is laden with thousands of tag-a-longs and stowaways that seem more trouble than their load is worth?\nWell, maybe those labels are a bit harsh. Research suggests that the Rh proteins can provide a sort of osmotic-efficient pathway for the relatively large CO2 molecules (compared to oxygen) to slither through the cell membrane. And it appeared millions of years ago – before anything like a hominoid walked on two legs. \nWe can consider these ancient genetic tweaks as a sort of typo: a minor transcription mistake in typing out genetic text from DNA to RNA and back again to the DNA of a new cell, thus creating a new or different function for such genes.\nSugar antigens, similar to A and B, appear in the blood of all mammals. Again, these evolved in our pre-hominoid ancestors long ago.  Just why this is so, is a bit of a mystery. Perhaps it was for a weird but clever type of “trick play herd immunity.” A virus sees cell coatings as something that can provide an attach point on, or even pathway into, a cell. If a population has a random collection of these sugars and proteins, then a single type of virus pandemic cannot wipe out the entire species.\nHere I like to imagine a sports team cleverly crafted to beat any team at, say, a football match. That team is the Evil Virus. The first games for team EV are easy victories. The next several matches they stampede confidently onto apparently identical pitches, only to be confronted with rules for cricket. Or golf. And then tennis. Then speed skating. Result? Team EV fails. – The species survives; the virus must go off and mutate further or die out.\nAll these rule changes – different cell coatings among individuals among the same species – makes our bodies suspicious of one another. When there’s a transfusion mismatch the coatings are identified as antigens and marked for destruction by those tiny antibodies.\nInterestingly, something similar might be happening with the virus du jour, SARS CoV-2 which causes Covid-19. Early analyses of cases (and deaths) in hard hit areas of Europe suggest that those with Type-A blood are disproportionately susceptible.  How or why this happens is not understood but could give virologists and immunologists an understanding of the virus and our bodies’ machinations. Perhaps the A-type sugar is a sort of 5th column for the virus; or the presence of B-type antibodies somehow distracts, diminishes, or delays the body’s defense.\nI expect there will be a plethora of studies of many sorts regarding this coronavirus, its impact, and our reactions in the months and years to come. Brace yourselves.\nThe improvement and acceptance of blood type science went beyond medicine and into forensics. It helped reduce Charlie Chaplin’s embarrassment, but only a little.\nChaplin, the famous actor-comedian-film maker, was married four times and a well-know philanderer, as well as a misogynist.  A paternity suit against him in the ‘40s resulted in blood testing, and eventually changed family law.\nIn the 1940s a young actress (with whom he was “friendly” – this during his 3rd marriage) claimed he was the father of her child. She sued him for child support. Blood tests on Chaplin, the child and mother showed that he could not possibly be the father.\nChaplin, with recessive Type-O, could not have been the father of a Type-B child whose mother was Type-A. Case dismissed? No. She pressed her allegation, nonetheless.\nAstounding to us in the 21st century, accustomed as we are to such quotidian data as DNA matching, blood tests were not permitted as evidence at the time. Chaplin lost the court case and was compelled to pay child support. Worse: His trysting filled the pages of the days’ print media. His reputation was trashed.\nThe law was changed a few years later. But not in time for Chaplin. He was so disgraced that – combined with other bad press and McCarthy-era distrust – he was even denied re-entry to the United States, in 1952. (He was not a US citizen, although he’d lived there for over 40 years).\nHe resided in self-imposed exile in Switzerland for the rest of his life. He returned to America only once before he died, for a few days in 1972, then aged 83, to receive a Lifetime Achievement Award at the Oscars. On stage, with Jack Lemon, he received a 12-minute standing ovation – the longest in Academy Awards history.\nEven though Type-O is recessive, it has survived. Not surprisingly, its prevalence is about the same for whites and blacks; we are one race, after all.\nRecessive? Well, we Type-Os are sometimes weak, as attested to by Chaplin’s behavior.\nThat’s a wrap, from typos to Type-Os. Thanks for any corrections or suggestions.\nUntil next time, peace to you.\nJoe Girard © 2020\nThanks for reading. As always, you can add yourself to the notification list for when there is newly published material by clicking here. Or emailing email@example.com\nFinal footnote on Chaplin. He was soon married a fourth time. He reportedly approached the young 18-year old Oona O’Neill with the line: you look like my next ex-wife. As he was 38 years her elder (in fact nearly the same age as her father, famous playwright Eugene O’Neill) he was disgraced again. Next ex-wife? Wrong! They stayed married for over 30 years, until his death, producing 8 children. The eldest, Geraldine, starred remarkably with Omar Shariff and Julie Christie in Dr Zhivago: at the tender age of 20 when filmed.\n Who discovered the Rh factor? http://www.rvdoon.com/rh-negative-blood-blood-feud-which-scientist-discovered-the-rh-factor/\n Possible purpose of Rh proteins: https://phys.org/news/2005-05-rh-protein-biological-role.html\n Blood Types over 20 million years ago: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-mystery-of-human-blood-types-86993838/\nCould be as recent as 3.5 million years ago: https://www.livescience.com/33528-why-blood-types-exist-compatible.html\n Chaplin paternity, blood tests and court case: https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/63158/how-charlie-chaplin-changed-paternity-laws-america", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://lindsaycarron.com/portfolio/alaska-wildlife-refuge-project/", "date": "2020-01-18T23:15:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250593994.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20200118221909-20200119005909-00056.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9277465343475342, "token_count": 2668, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__88252342", "lang": "en", "text": "ALASKA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE PROJECT\nArtist in Residence: US Fish and Wildlife Service\nI began working as an artist in residence with US Fish and Wildlife Service in Alaska in 2016. That year I visited the southern portion of Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and the Gwich’in people of Arctic Village. Since that summer, I have returned to complete projects throughout Alaska’s National Wildlife Refuge System – there are 16 Refuges total. I spend time in the wilderness learning about the land and animals and lead community service projects, art workshops, and murals in the Native villages. The resulting artwork is an ode to the way the people have been living in harmony with the wilderness for thousands of years and the interconnection that exists between all life forms in these precious public lands.\nYukon Flats and Togiak National Wildlife Refuges 2018\nThe first expedition of the summer was to Yukon Flats NWR by boat down the Yukon River from Circle to Fort Yukon, then Beaver, then out at the bridge. The week long journey brought us into the lives of the Gwich’in, Yup’ik, and Inupiaq people and in flow with one of the most powerful, wild and fertile rivers in the North. It was from these waters that I tasted the best salmon of my life – Yukon King, or better yet Yukon Gold – it melted on my tongue and delivered nutrients, omegas, and fat for fuel. It was at the connection of the Porcupine River and the Yukon where I met the most amazing woman – Julie Mahler – who had spent 40 years of her life raising her family on a homestead far away from even the most remote village, tucked into the tundra and fed by the river.\nA flight to Anchorage and then to the coast brought me to Dillingham, where I got my first taste of what it’s like to be a village swarmed with commercial fishing. I flew out to Togiak from there, and experienced the constant hum of boat engines as the Yup’ik people of the village picked their set nets for salmon. It was a record year for sockeye salmon in the Bristol Bay area, and everyone was excited and eager. And yet the task comes with risk and danger. All was present in the swirl of Togiak. A helicopter ride thanks to USFWS into the Refuge sent me waist deep in river water flowing thick with spawned out chum salmon and surrounded by feasting bears, gulls, eagles and ravens. I ended my stay in Togiak by painting a mural on the Traditional Council’s storage container, all the while monitoring packs of children with loaded paintbrushes.\nThe artwork produced from these trips belongs to Fish and Wildlife to utilize for education, outreach, and relations. I hope what I share with you seeds a deep love for wilderness, a respect for traditional ways of life, and a desire to take care of the environments we live in with every step we take.\nJulie Mahler, Fort Yukon\nClara Joseph, Beaver\nFinal Commission for US Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks\nFeaturing: Julie Mahler of Ft. Yukon and Clara Joseph of Beaver\nThe Yukon River flows 1,982 miles from Canadian mountain glaciers, across Alaska, and into the Bering Sea. A churning river of chocolate-colored silt, it sprawls across the land in braided tributaries and channels. This is the highway for the life-giving kin of this land – the salmon. The salmon create a vibrant cycle of life that is joined by moose, caribou, wolves, bear, and thousands of migratory birds that flock to the wetland ponds and lakes that pockmark the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge.\nBorn from this wilderness of water and boreal forest are Julie Mahler of Fort Yukon and Clara Joseph of Beaver. Molded by the river’s lessons for decades, these Gwich’in women carry the rhythm of the river under their skin, and their eyes and smiles tell stories of winter freezes, spring break-ups, and summer abundance. The Yukon provides life for the Gwich’in and calls to the wild-at-heart, who come from around the world to canoe, kayak, boat, fish and learn from the tremendous river that prevails across the Yukon Flats.\nLinda Kirby, Togiak\nFinal Commission for US Fish and Wildlife Service, Dillingham\n“Made of This”\nFeaturing: Elsie Abraham, Aubrey Gosuk, and Skylar Wassillie of Togiak\nIt’s salmon season in Togiak Village, and everyone’s on the water. Home to people of Yup’ik Eskimo heritage, it is nestled in Togiak Bay, with Togiak National Wildlife Refuge spilling for 4.7 million acres behind it. In this expansive wilderness, the Ahklun Mountains give way to tundra and willow-edged rivers carrying fleets of spawning salmon inland from the Bering Sea. No fish will go to waste – they feed the mouths of humans, bears, wolves, ravens, eagles and dissolve as nutrients in the soil and water.\nTogiak elder Elsie Abraham knows well this precious balance of her wild home, and takes good care to extend this knowledge to the younger generations like Aubrey Gosuk and Skylar Wassillie, whose joy is palpable as they reel in jack salmon and rainbow trout from Togiak River. Complete with harvests of sour dock, stinkweed, and salmon berries, the natural abundance here fills bellies and hearts. They are made of this. A cycle unbroken.\nArctic and Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuges 2017\nThe summer of 2017 I was invited back up to work with US Fish and Wildlife Service as an artist in residence in their National Wildlife Refuge system in Alaska. In 2016, the residency culminated with a beautiful artwork that described the southern portion of the 19 million acre Arctic Refuge and the Gwich’in people. We were presented a challenge: the Refuge is millions of acres more than I could ever see in one visit and there are two distinct groups of Native people who call it home, the Gwich’in in the South and the Inupiaq Eskimos in the North. So we did another project!\nThe first part of the month of August was spent along the Hula Hula River in the Brooks Range Massif in Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and in Kaktovik, a small village of Inupiaq Eskimos on the Arctic Coast. I then flew across the state of Alaska (which is a third of the size of our country!) and spent the latter half of the month along the Kuskokwim River in Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge visiting village after village of Yup’ik Eskimos. YK Delta NWR boasts the largest population of Native people, and the Yup’ik continue to this day to retain a great portion of their traditional ways of life on the river: fishing for salmon, hunting moose and caribou, and harvesting berries from the tundra.\nThe resulting work below are sketches created in the field, portraits drawn of the people who shared stories with me, and the final two pieces for US Fish and Wildlife Service, owned and used by them for education, environmental efforts, and Native relations. The projects continue to evolve and touch me deeply, and I hope the artwork will continue to inspire for years to come.\nArctic National Wildlife Refuge\nIda Angasan, 72 years old, Kaktovik\nIsaac Akootchook, 96 years old, Kaktovik\nFinal Commission for US Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks\n“The Arctic Miracle of Life: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge”\nFeaturing: Betty Brower and Isaac Akootchook of Kaktovik\nAt the northernmost point of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, rivers split at the Continental Divide and wind through the Brooks Range Massif. Out onto the flat Coastal Plain they flow, depositing nutrients into a teeming Arctic Ocean. Here, mother polar bears den in the winter and caribou birth calves in the spring. Wolves pursue caribou and Dall’s sheep over tundra trails, and bowhead whales carrying ancient threads of the sea nourish a people who call this place home – the Inupiaq Eskimos of Alaska.\nElders like Betty Brower and Isaac Akootchook who thrive here know it to be a land of self-reliance, but also radical interdependence.\nBy recognizing the cycles that push and pull at the North of the planet, we can find roles in supporting this persistent\nArctic Miracle of Life.\nKuskokwim River, Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge\nSophie Sakar, 75 years old, Chuathbaluk\nPatricia Yaska, Chuathbaluk\nSamuel Jackson Sr., 93 years old, Traditional Chief Kwethluk\nPolly Andrews, 32 years old, Anchorage\nFinal Commission for US Fish and Wildlife Service, Bethel\n“Inextricably Intertwined: Kuskokwim River and Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge”\nFeaturing: Samuel Jackson Sr. of Kwethluk and Sophie Sakar of Chuathbaluk\nWinding down the Kuskokwim River towards the delta, the earth flattens, trees disappear, and the expanse of tundra becomes unfathomable. Upriver, 75-year-old Sophie Sakar collects the abundant wild blueberries of the late summer tundra, her backdrop, the Russian Mountains, of the last undulations in the terrain. Those same hands that boil moose in stew, take apart whitefish for akutaq, and fillet salmon for drying, rebuilt her village from the ground up.\nDownriver, Samuel Jackson Sr., speaking only his native tongue, tells harvest stories as his eyes trail flocks of geese overhead. At 93 years old and the traditional chief, his family legacy spans up and down the river. The magic of the wild Kuskokwim is evident as rounding every bend of the river sends waterfowl and osprey into flight, and through its history with its people, the Yup’ik Eskimos of Alaska, who to this day live inextricably intertwined with the river that sustains them.\nArctic National Wildlife Refuge 2016\nI traveled with the US Fish and Wildlife Service as an artist in residence to Arctic Village, a village of 120 Gwich’in people, and into the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. At 19 million acres, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is the largest in the country, and is located entirely above the Arctic Circle. It is a land of strong contrasts, all at once vast and untouched, and still altered by climate change and the continued use of resources. By walking upon this land alongside the people who have existed here for a thousand generations, my ideals were tempered, yet my inspiration soared.\nTraveling to these remote locations and being altered by the land, animals and people is a gift I know only one way to fully repay: with my creations. The final pieces are owned and used by the US Fish and Wildlife Service for education, inspiration, Native relations, and activism. Below you will view my sketchbook entries created in the field, portraits of elders in Arctic Village, and the final piece that includes the portrait of Trimble Gilbert, Gwich’in Elder of Arctic Village.\nDavid Solomon, Arctic Village\nErnest Erick, Venetie\nTrimble Gilbert, Arctic Village\nFinal Commission for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks\n“As Above So Below: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge”\nFeaturing: Trimble Gilbert of Arctic Village\nThrough the layered complexities of the Arctic landscape, the continuity and the connection of all things surface. The Arctic loon calls out from the mouth of the Teedrinjik River, cutting through mighty mountains and sparse spruce forest. The call is met by the swans flying above and the caribou grazing below. Merging with the mountainside, Gwitch’in elder Trimble Gilbert bears a look that is telling of the depth of the People of the Caribou, their understanding of the land’s workings, and wondering what is to come.\nMelting permafrost reveals that a land, even this vast and untouched, is subject to the effects of climate change. Here, in one of the wildest places on our planet, we find context and lessons for life. The importance of wilderness is immeasurable.\nAs above, so below.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://geasbest.com/the-art-of-feline-hunting-a-natural-learning-process/", "date": "2023-10-03T16:53:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511170.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003160453-20231003190453-00371.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9490774273872375, "token_count": 477, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__66609514", "lang": "en", "text": "Have you ever wondered how cats become skilled hunters? Much like many other mammals, cats acquire their hunting prowess through a combination of instinct and learning, primarily from their mothers. This intriguing process involves a mix of observation, play, and innate abilities.\n1. Learning from the Queen: The journey towards becoming a proficient hunter begins with the mother cat, known as the queen. She plays a pivotal role in teaching her kittens the fundamentals of hunting. The queen typically demonstrates hunting techniques through actions like stalking, pouncing, and capturing prey.\n2. Play and Sibling Interaction: As kittens grow and develop, they engage in play sessions with their littermates. These play sessions are instrumental in refining their hunting skills. Through mock battles and playful hunting games with their siblings, kittens learn coordination, stealth, and agility, which are vital for successful hunting.\n3. Observational Learning: Studies have highlighted the importance of observational learning in a kitten’s hunting education. Kittens that have the opportunity to watch their mother in action tend to become more proficient hunters than those who don’t have this privilege. It’s as if they are absorbing valuable lessons through careful observation.\n4. Instinctual Abilities: Remarkably, even kittens who never have the chance to witness their mother hunt can often tap into their innate instincts to figure out hunting techniques on their own. Cats possess a natural predatory instinct that drives them to stalk and capture prey. This instinctual behavior can emerge even in the absence of formal training from their mother.\n5. Putting Skills to Use: Once a cat has acquired hunting skills through these various methods, they may display their hunting behaviors in everyday situations. This might include playfully chasing after toys, attempting to catch a buzzing fly, or, in some cases, bringing real prey home. The prey can range from small creatures like mice and birds to larger game such as rabbits.\nIn essence, the journey of a cat’s hunting education is a fascinating blend of maternal guidance, playful interactions with littermates, observation, and instinctual abilities. While some cats may never have the chance to observe their mother’s hunting prowess, they often possess an inherent talent for stalking and capturing prey. This innate skill, honed through play and experience, underscores the timeless and primal nature of a cat’s hunting instincts.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://stroked.live/2016/10/21/the-company-of-dogs/", "date": "2022-12-05T15:10:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711017.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20221205132617-20221205162617-00089.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9320057034492493, "token_count": 388, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__77122636", "lang": "en", "text": "According to https://www.medicalnewstoday.com — looking at “puppy dog eyes” triggers a 300% increase in a person’s oxytocin levels – the “love hormone” involved in maternal bonding.\nAccording to https://www.Helpguide.org :\n- Dogs in particular can reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, ease loneliness, encourage exercise and playfulness, and even improve your cardiovascular health.\n- One study even found that when people with borderline hypertension adopted dogs from a shelter, their blood pressure declined significantly within five months.\n- People with dogs have lower blood pressure in stressful situations than those without pets.\n- More than any other animal, dogs have evolved to become acutely attuned to humans and our behavior and emotions.\n- While dogs are able to understand many of the words we use, they’re even better at interpreting our tone of voice, body language, and gestures.\n- And like any good human friend, a loyal dog will look into your eyes to gauge your emotional state and try to understand what you’re thinking and feeling.\n- Stroking, hugging, or otherwise touching a loving animal can rapidly calm and soothe us when we’re stressed or anxious.\n- Playing with a dog or cat can elevate levels of serotonin and dopamine, which calm and relax.\n- One of the reasons for these therapeutic effects is that dogs (and cats) fulfill the basic human need to touch.\n- Taking a dog for a walk, hike, or run are fun and rewarding ways to fit healthy daily exercise into your schedule.\n- Studies have shown that dog owners are far more likely to meet their daily exercise requirements\n- And exercising every day is great for the animal as well. It will deepen the connection between you, eradicate most behavior problems in dogs, and keep your pet fit and healthy.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.a1mountainrealty.com/tick-prevention-and-removal/", "date": "2024-02-24T05:29:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474523.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224044749-20240224074749-00775.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9338300228118896, "token_count": 457, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__165022497", "lang": "en", "text": "While partaking in High Country activities, such as hiking to a waterfall or overlook or fishing on the banks of one of the area’s stocked trout streams, the chances of picking up a tick are highest in the warm summer months. Because ticks carry diseases such as Lyme Disease and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, it is important to prevent tick bites.\nTick prevention comes in several forms. A bug spray containing DEET will deter ticks from attaching to you. Other options include treating your clothes with a spray on insect repellant, which lasts through about six washes. Tick repellant clothing which protects wearers from ticks is another good option. This clothing provides protection from ticks which lasts through 70 washings.\nWhen prevention isn’t possible, quick removal of the tick is essential. The longer a tick is attached, the greater chance that a disease will be transmitted. The only method which should be used for tick removal is the use of tweezers. Any other method, including squeezing the tick, putting alcohol on it, or holding a hot match to the tick will only increase the chances of spreading disease from the tick to your body.\nTo remove a tick, use a pair of tweezers and pinch the tick as close as possible to your skin. Pull in the opposite direction from which the tick is embedded.\nOnce the tick is removed, be sure to wash the bite area and your hands well with soap and water or alcohol to reduce the chance of infection. Place the tick in a plastic bag and write on it the date the tick was removed. In the event you begin experiencing symptoms related to a tick bite, the tick can be tested to determine whether or not it carried disease.\nBe sure to call your doctor if you are unable to remove the tick, or if the ticks head remains in your skin after removal. It is time to call the doctor if you feel weak or very sick, have a headache or fever 2 to 14 days after the bite, a rash develops 2 to 14 days after the bite, or if the bite looks infected.\nFor more information on tick bite prevention or removal, visit the website for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at http://www.cdc.gov/ticks/", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://steezehub.com/diabetes-pt-3-laboratory-investigations-in-diabetes/11770/", "date": "2024-02-28T18:53:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474744.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228175828-20240228205828-00489.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9326019883155823, "token_count": 731, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__62886857", "lang": "en", "text": "Diabetes presents with very high glucose levels in blood. It is essential that every individual does a regular check on the blood glucose levels.\nThe more routine laboratory investigations for diagnosis of diabetes are fasting blood glucose (FBG), random blood glucose (RBG) and urine glucose tests. The less routine investigations include 2-hour post prandial (2-hr PPG) and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). Glycated Hemoglobin (HB A1C) test is relegated for the management of diabetes.\nThe FBG test is the most common method used in diagnosis. It measures the amount of glucose in the blood after fasting for 8-12 hours. After the fast: Normal blood glucose level should be between 3.6-5.9mmol/L; Blood glucose level of 6.0-6.9mmol/L is referred to as border line and individuals with such levels stand the chance of developing diabetes in the future; Blood glucose level greater than 7.0mmol/L is deemed hyperglycemia (above normal glucose level) and could be as a result of diabetes. The same idea is employed in the RBG test, except that fasting is not a prerequisite of this test. The reference ranges for the RBG are therefore different (a little higher) than those of the FBG. When the blood glucose reaches a threshold (usually above 11mmol/L), it starts appearing in urine. This is when the urine glucose test is employed in telling if one is diabetic.\nThe 2-hr PPG and OGTT tests are based on the same principle; how glucose is responded to and regulated by an individual’s system. If they are to be done, they are commenced right after a routine FBG which gives a base line. For the 2-hr PPG, the individual is given a carbohydrate laden meal and blood samples taken every 30minutes for blood glucose measurement for 2 hours. For the OGTT, the individual is given glucose solution (usually 70g of glucose in 300mls of water) and blood samples taken every 1hour for blood glucose measurement for 3 hours. The OGTT test has replaced the 2-hr PPG since it is more sensitive and controlled. A curve is drawn from a graph of glucose level against time and compared to the normal for inferences to be made.\nThe HB A1C test is used in monitoring the blood glucose levels over 3-4months. HB A1C is basically hemoglobin with bound glucose. In diabetics, the high level of blood glucose induces the binding of some of the glucose to hemoglobin. The life span of red blood cells is 120days. When a diabetic with high HB A1C starts a management regimen, the regimen is deemed effective if after 3-4months (approximation of 120days), the HB A1C comes down to reduced or normal levels. This is because in 3-4months, new red cells would have replaced the old ones and being exposed to the low levels of blood glucose due to the regimen, there wouldn’t be inducement for binding. However, if the regimen is ineffective, the HB A1C level remains high after 3-4months because the new red cells would still be exposed to high levels of blood glucose, and binding of glucose to hemoglobin would be induced.\nKnow your blood glucose level. Kindly contact +233540666781\nThis article was written by Joseph Ofori and reviewed by Arnold Agyapong Prempeh, both professional Medical Laboratory Scientists.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.offshoretollers.com/thetoller/toller-health/", "date": "2023-09-25T03:25:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506676.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925015430-20230925045430-00074.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9131165146827698, "token_count": 801, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__277512207", "lang": "en", "text": "Tollers are generally healthy. However, like almost all dog breeds, they have specific potential genetic disorders. Luckily Toller breeders have several DNA tests available that allow us to avoid producing them. When you are searching for your next Toller please ensure the breeder is testing the Sire/Dam for the following:\n- Hip Dysplasia – an abnormal formation of the hip socket that can lead to severe arthritis and lameness.\n- Cardiac – A check for any malformation of the heart or great vessels.\n- Eyes (CAER) – A check for any inherited eye disease.\n- Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) – an inherited disease causing defects in the formation of the eye.\n- Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) – a group of diseases that cause the retina of the eye to degenerate slowly over time.\n- Juvenile Addison’s Disease (JADD) – a rare, early onset, chronic endocrine disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient steroid hormones.\n- Cleft Palate (CP1) – a birth defect whereby a hole in the roof of the mouth develops while the puppy is in utero.\n- Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) – A debilitating disease that causes gradual paralysis\n- Degenerative Encephalopathy (DE) – a new neurodegenerative disease\nTHE DYSPLASTIC HIP JOINT\nHip Dysplasia is a terrible genetic disease because of the various degrees of arthritis (also called degenerative joint disease, arthrosis, osteoarthrosis) it can eventually produce, leading to pain and debilitation.\nThe very first step in the development of arthritis is articular cartilage (the type of cartilage lining the joint) damage due to the inherited bad biomechanics of an abnormally developed hip joint. Traumatic articular fracture through the joint surface is another way cartilage is damaged. With cartilage damage, lots of degradative enzymes are released into the joint. These enzymes degrade and decrease the synthesis of important constituent molecules that form hyaline cartilage called proteoglycans. This causes the cartilage to lose its thickness and elasticity, which are important in absorbing mechanical loads placed across the joint during movement. Eventually, more debris and enzymes spill into the joint fluid and destroy molecules called glycosaminoglycan and hyaluronate which are important precursors that form the cartilage proteoglycans. The joint’s lubrication and ability to block inflammatory cells are lost and the debris-tainted joint fluid loses its ability to properly nourish the cartilage through impairment of nutrient-waste exchange across the joint cartilage cells. The damage then spreads to the synovial membrane lining the joint capsule and more degradative enzymes and inflammatory cells stream into the joint. Full thickness loss of cartilage allows the synovial fluid to contact nerve endings in the subchondral bone, resulting in pain. In an attempt to stabilize the joint to decrease the pain, the animal’s body produces new bone at the edges of the joint surface, joint capsule, ligament and muscle attachments (bone spurs). The joint capsule also eventually thickens and the joint’s range of motion decreases.\nNo one can predict when or even if a dysplastic dog will start showing clinical signs of lameness due to pain. There are multiple environmental factors such as caloric intake, level of exercise, and weather that can affect the severity of clinical signs and phenotypic expression (radiographic changes). There is no rhyme or reason to the severity of radiographic changes correlated with the clinical findings. There are a number of dysplastic dogs with severe arthritis that run, jump, and play as if nothing is wrong and some dogs with barely any arthritic radiographic changes that are severely lame.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://coropurehoney.co.nz/about/", "date": "2021-03-01T20:26:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178362899.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20210301182445-20210301212445-00103.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9381811618804932, "token_count": 482, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__19620549", "lang": "en", "text": "Coromandel Pure Honey is a small boutique family owned business located at Eagle’s Nest, which is nestled in the hills of Pauanui, located on the pristine Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand.\nWe are very passionate about the environment and the plight of the honeybee and in turn the future we leave for our next generations.\nThe beautiful gardens of Eagle’s Nest are rich with native manuka, pohutukawa, puriri and other native trees, along with a stunning range of native and exotic flowering plants fueling the production of stunning manuka and mutifloral honey that has a unique taste.\nCoromandel Pure honey is sold in its most natural state. Keeping the honey raw and unpasteurised, the honey is filtered through only mesh strainers and straight into the jar in a hygienic and certified honey kitchen. Samples are taken and tested not only for the manuka concentrations but also to ensure there are no toxins that are harmful to humans.\nCoromandel Pure Honey sells honey and pure beeswax food wraps to organic shops and information centres throughout towns on the Coromandel Peninsula. All products can also be purchased online.\nCoromandel Pure Honey also hosts prestige hands-on beekeeping and honey tasting tours through the beautiful Eagle’s Nest gardens. The bee tour starts with a short lesson about the importance of bees and their lifecycle, before guests put on their own beekeeper’s suits, before walking through the native bush on a purpose-built shell path linking beehive sites together high up on a mountainside in Pauanui. With European honey bees and Bumble bees coming to and from their own handcrafted wooden homes, you can witness queen bees in action and learn about the role they play in their hives, the rearing of new honey bees, and mature foragers coming to and from their hives with rich pollen and nectar sources. Learn about the different stages of how honey is created after the nectar is brought back to the hive by the bees and how they turn it into delicious honey.\nTo top it all off at the end, take off your bee suit and sit on our stunning deck with breathtaking views overlooking the ocean and the Coromandel Peninsula coast, whilst enjoying a delicious morning or afternoon tea, including a Raw Honey tasting experience!!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.c5-online.com/blog/what-constitutes-a-human-embryo-cjeu-to-revisit-controversial-issue/", "date": "2024-04-20T09:49:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817576.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420091126-20240420121126-00063.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9535698294639587, "token_count": 1050, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__35226389", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr Beatriz San Martín Field Fisher Waterhouse LLP On 17 April the UK High Court made a reference to the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”), requesting that the term “human embryos” in Article 6(2) of the Directive 98/44/EC, commonly referred to as the Biotech Directive, be clarified. The referral focuses on whether artificially stimulated ova that are incapable of developing to term should nevertheless be classified as human embryos. Background International Stem Cell Corporation (ISC) applied to patent a new method for activating an oocyte in the absence of sperm through parthenogenesis, the initiation of embryonic cell development without fertilisation, using a variety of chemical and electrical techniques. The technique is viewed as a vital method for producing human embryonic stem cells for research purposes. An ovum activated in such a way is known as a parthenote and contains half the amount of genetic material found in fertilised cells; they contain a set of maternally derived chromosomes but cannot develop to full term due to the absence of paternal chromosomes. Development can occur to different stages after activation but typically parthenotes only reach the blastocyst stage, about five days after activation and develop no further. In contrast to fertilised cells, parthenotes are not considered as totipotent, in that they do not have the capacity to produce a complete human being. They are instead considered as pluripotent being only capable of differentiating into embryonic tissues, such as those for the lungs, bones or nervous system, but not extra-embryonic tissues, such as the placenta. The case The case was an appeal by ISC to the High Court following the decision of the UK IPO to refuse two UK patent applications in the name of ISC, both relating to stem cell research. The refusal was made on the basis that paragraph 3(d) of schedule A2 of the Patents Act 1977 (implementing the Biotech Directive) specifically excludes from patentability ‘uses of human embryos for industrial and commercial purposes’. The CJEU considered parthenogenesis before in Brüstle where, in the context of the Biotech Directive, a wide interpretation was given to what constitutes a “human embryo”. The Court concluded that (emphasis added): “That classification [of a ‘human embryo’] must also apply to … a non-fertilised human ovum whose division and further development have been stimulated by parthenogenesis. Although those organisms have not, strictly speaking, been the object of fertilisation, due to the effect of the technique used to obtain them they are, as is apparent from the written observations presented to the Court, capable of commencing the process of development of a human being just as an embryo created by fertilisation of an ovum can do so.” On addressing this point, ISC said that the only sensible way of interpreting Brüstle was to question what is meant by ‘capable of commencing the process of development of a human being’. According to ISC, clarification is needed on whether an organism must: (a) be capable of commencing the process of development which leads to a human being; or (b) be capable of commencing the process of development even if that process is incapable of leading to a human being. ISC argued that the test adopted by the CJEU was directed at the first alternative because a parthenote is not totipotent and therefore whilst it can commence the process of development it can never actually lead to the full development of a human being, therefore it should not fall within the patent exclusion for a ‘human embryo’. The High Court ruled that the issue was not ‘acte clair’ and has referred the matter to the CJEU for determination. In expressing his own view, Henry Carr QC, sitting as Chancery judge, said he felt that parthenotes were not the same as fertilised ova at any stage and that if the process of development was incapable of leading to a human being, then it should not be excluded from patentability. This author agrees entirely with this position. Comment Capturing commercial value from stem cell research would be far easier under a narrower definition of what constitutes a ‘human embryo’ in terms of patentability. Despite stem cells having the potential to revolutionise the treatment of human conditions, including cancer, heart disease, and spinal injuries, the current caution from the pharma industry and reluctance from venture capital houses mean that research is underfunded and yet to reach its full potential. The field is laden with controversy but the law has to strike a balance between encouraging investment in biotechnology and the need to respect the principles safeguarding the integrity of the person. In considering the Biotech Directive and the potential for stem cell technologies to transform medicine, the Court emphasised that excluding processes which are incapable of leading to a human being would not strike a balance at all and was “more akin to a total exclusion from patent protection of the fruits of stem cell research, to the detriment of European industry and public health”.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://jjsbelgium.com/time-to-meet-new-friends/?lang=en", "date": "2022-06-25T01:37:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103033925.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220625004242-20220625034242-00696.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9487062692642212, "token_count": 668, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__10018561", "lang": "en", "text": "Time to meet new friends!\nTime to meet our new friends. Just like us, they love bamboo. They like to eat bamboo! Not the thick fully grown sticks that we use in our clothing, but the soft leaves, young green twigs and shoots.\nPandas spend most of the day eating. In the Chinese mountains it is usually very cold. To stay warm, pandas need a lot of energy. So they have to eat a lot, up to 40 kilos of bamboo per day. To achieve this, the pandas need to eat fourteen hours a day.\nResearch has shown that pandas do not actually digest their favorite foods at all, barely 17% are digested.\nDid you know that the panda is very slow because it puts a lot of energy into chewing the tough bamboo and detoxing its meal?\nBamboo, especially the new shoots, contain a highly toxic substance, called bamboo-kun. This is an antimicrobial agent that gives the plant a natural resistance to pests, bacteria and fungi.\nThis is responsible for the great properties of our clothing: Antibacterial and anti-allergic. Bamboo clothing is well tolerated by the skin and you stay fresh longer on hot days.\nThe panda that eats the bamboo is less happy with this, it causes him trouble with digestion.\nBut the panda is completely adapted to this. Evolutionary, he has armed himself against the poison and has learned to tolerate it well.\nPandas are solitary animals. That means that they live alone, and not in pairs or in a group. Pandas only come together during mating season.\nIs bamboo cultivation good or bad for the panda population?\nDon’t worry, we will keep away from the natural habitat of the panda. We do not cut the bamboo from the natural habitat of the panda, this is protected area. Pandas eat Bashania faniana bamboo, this is the most common species in the mountain regions of China where the panda lives.\nFor the production of our fabrics and clothing choose Moso Bamboo. Moso or Groove bamboo is extremely suitable for processing into textiles and as a substitute for wood.\nMore bamboo cultivation has a positive effect on the environment. It offers an alternative source for the wood, construction sector and textile industry. This way deforestation is prevented.\nDid you know:\n• The scientific name for the panda is Ailuropoda Melanoleuca. Melanoleuca means black and white in Latin and that is exactly the color of the fur of the Panda.\n• The Chinese name of the panda is 大熊猫 (dà xióng māo). That literally means big bear cat.\n• The name panda as we know it comes from the Nepalese word Poonya, which means bamboo eater.\n• A giant panda has 6 fingers: 5 normal fingers and an extra finger that helps hold the bamboo.\n• A panda is busy chewing bamboo 14 hours a day, because bamboo is very tough and difficult to digest.\n• At birth, a panda weighs approximately 150 grams (= the weight of a kiwi). He is 900 times lighter than his mother.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.wallis.co.il/pelvic-floor-therapy-for-men/", "date": "2022-01-18T22:52:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320301063.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220118213028-20220119003028-00553.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9639055132865906, "token_count": 259, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__30883016", "lang": "en", "text": "Although Pelvic Floor Therapy is usually associated as a women’s health issue. Pelvic Floor dysfunction is often found in pregnant women and after giving birth.\nHowever many men also suffer from symptoms which are associated with Pelvic floor dysfunction and many of us guys are not even aware that there is even a problem with these muscles.\nPelvic floor muscles are a group of supportive muscles stretching from the tailbone at the back of the spine ant attach to the pubic bones at the front.\n1) These muscles support the pelvic organs, bladder, and bowel, so that they don’t fall down and drop from the pelvic area.\n2) Pelvic floor muscles also control the sphincters which include the anus and the urethra.\n3) They are also important in erectile function during sex.\nPhysiotherapy evaluation and treatment by a pelvic floor therapist can strengthen or release the particular muscles around the pelvic floor. As a therapist specializing in the field of Men’s health it is of utmost importance to educate men of all ages about their bodies.\nKnowledge and understanding about the reasons for the symptoms in the Pelvic floor together with treatment can greatly improve quality of life for men who has problems with bladder or erectile function.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.materials.kit.edu/138.php", "date": "2021-01-17T21:15:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703513194.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20210117205246-20210117235246-00293.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8878993988037109, "token_count": 229, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__114931325", "lang": "en", "text": "BioInterfaces in Technology and Medicine (BIFTM)\nInnovative approaches for controlling living systems provide a paradigmatic solution to major societal problems. Existing strategies frequently lack the specificity and efficacy demanded by modern medicine and biotechnology. More worrying, for certain applications, even after decades of research there are still no reasonable strategies to control living systems. Thus, the overarching challenge of the programme BioInterfaces in Technology and Medicine (BIFTM) is to develop new key technologies to control living systems.\nPlease find further information on the BIFTM homepage.\nScience and Technology of Nanosystems (STN)\nThe Helmholtz Research Programme STN takes on the challenge of controlling and shaping materials from the atomic and molecular up to the macroscopic scale to explore their entire potential of novel functionalities.\nSTN is dedicated towards research and development of\n- quantum phenomena and molecular building blocks\n- new and novel functional materials\n- new optical and photonic systems\nOur activities span the entire range from fundamental science to high performance technologies and integrated systems.\nPlease find further information on the STN homepage.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://academia.cat/Portal/academia/Tauler-d-anuncis/Detall-Anunci/_cj6sYlZH3kbuh3K8_wUaXm6E5qFwbV3VH71Rmd44YNc", "date": "2017-05-23T01:25:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463607245.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170523005639-20170523025639-00073.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8611276745796204, "token_count": 274, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-22__0__71771263", "lang": "en", "text": "|Postdoctoral research fellow position at the Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD|\nWe have an opening for a post-doctoral fellow to carry out research in the field of primary immune deficiency and immune dysregulation disorders. The position is available immediately and the position is offered for an initial term of 2 years, with the possibility of additional years based on accomplishments.\nThe candidate must have received a Ph.D. or equivalent degree in Biological Science (cell biology/life science/immunology/molecular biology) and have experience handling human samples, primary cell culture, flow cytometry, and molecular biology tools (e.g., cloning, transfection, PCR, sequencing, western blotting, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, etc.). The candidate must have a strong background, and a strong interest, in human immunology and molecular biology.\nInformation about NIH postdoctoral fellows’ stipends could be found at https://researchtraining.nih.gov/\nTo apply, please send inquires containing a cover letter, CV with a description of previous research, list of publications and contact information for 3 references to Sergio D. Rosenzweig, MD, PhD, Chief Immunology Service, DLM, CC, NIH (firstname.lastname@example.org)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.dangomola.com/blog", "date": "2017-10-24T09:28:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187828356.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20171024090757-20171024110757-00206.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9658387303352356, "token_count": 5310, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__284375554", "lang": "en", "text": "The end of summer brings on many changes in the White-tailed Deer, especially the male, also called a buck. As their antlers grow during the summer, bucks live alone or join bachelor groups. Female deer (doe) and their babies (fawns) remain a family unit for up to a year or until the doe gives birth the next spring. In late summer, the does and fawns are plentiful in the fields at dusk.\nThis doe was crossing a field of Queen Anne's Lace to get to her fawns waiting at the edge.\nAs the deer begin to shed their summer coat and their brown-gray winter coat grows, the velvet on the buck begins to die and get rubbed off. That is when things start to happen.\nThe winter coat of this albino deer will remain white but the velvet begins to be shed as expected. If you look closely, you can see blood on his left ear where the velvet has begun to come off.\nMany people would argue that this is a leucistic deer and not an albino deer. Let's explore the differences.\nAlbinism is caused when they have little or no melanin in their bodies. The hair is white because it lacks pigment and the skin appears to be pink because the flowing blood shows through the deer's pale skin. They generally have pink eyes but they sometimes have pale blue eyes. Albinism negatively affects their eyesight as well.\nLeucism is a condition in which there is partial loss of pigmentation resulting in white, pale, or patchy fur. Patchy fur is referred to as Pie-bald. Leucism does not affect the eyes or nose so the eyes remain brown and the nose remains black.\nBecause of the pink skin that is very noticeable on the ears and nose and the pale blue eyes, it's hard to deny he is an albino.\nDuring this time of year, the food source begins to change and testosterone begins to build. As the bucks shed their velvet, the bachelor groups begin to disband. All the deer you enjoyed watching the past few months are no longer easy to find. As fall approaches, the fields of soy bean plants and other plants the deer love begin to yellow and acorns begin to drop. Their feeding patterns change from the fields to oak trees growing throughout the forest. The dense forest will give them more cover as they feed on their favorite fall harvest.\nThe life span of an albino deer is shorter than a normal colored deer. One reason is that they cannot hide as well and predators can find them easier. In the photo below, the albino has completed his shed but the small buck next to him is still in the process of rubbing it off.\nAs velvet sheds, they do not tolerate humans as much and they move more cautiously. A short three weeks ago you could pull off to the side of the road in your car to watch big deer munching on Soy Bean leaves. Now, they are simply not the same deer.\nAll of the photographs in this blog were made in very low light. Camera shutter speeds were slowed and ISO (sensitivity level of the camera's sensor) was set much higher than I normally set it. Results were not always the best as I recorded many blurry ears and tails swishing at the flies and blurry lower jaws as they chewed the soy bean leaves. I am happy to get what I got and I am equally thrilled to be able to share these beautiful animals with you.\nThe photo below is an example of everything I said above. I found this lone buck one evening exiting the woods were I was set up in a blind. He was heading toward a huge oak tree where the acorns were already hitting the ground. His coat is in transition between his summer and winter coat and his remaining velvet is barely hanging on.\nSeeing an albino deer is a rarity so I made four or five visits to the area he was known to feed. There were several other deer in the area and a few really big bucks. The really big bucks didn't get that way by being friendly. I don't have any photos because they didn't take too kindly to me lifting a Canon (600mm lens) through the window of my vehicle.\nI think the white-tailed Deer is one of the most beautiful animals roaming the earth. Although the antlered deer are what we're watching for as the mating season gets closer, I still spend time photographing the females and their little ones too. This next photo is a doe and her two fawns. Although the spots have faded as their winter coat comes in, they are still noticeably smaller than mom.\nThis little guy still has some spots remaining.\nI love photographing animal behavior. Unfortunately, I don't have time to do enough of it. Animal Behavior photography, in my opinion, is photography of wildlife in their natural setting without interrupting their activities and hopefully, discrete enough that they don't know you are there. Let's face it, you may be able to be hidden for a short time but animals have keen senses and discover anything that is different. At that point, our best hope is that you are hidden well enough that you don't pose a threat.\nPhotographing from a vehicle is a perfect example. Deer see a lot of vehicles drive by and never look up from their feeding. That makes vehicles a good blind as long as you remain in it.\nI feel so fortunate when I am lucky enough to witness interaction between wildlife and their babies or even the show of affection like these two fawns grooming each other.\nHere are a few more shots of the bucks feeding in the soy bean field.\nI couldn't take my eyes, or my lens, off the two fawns in the back of the field.\nThe grooming continued. Doesn't it look like they are giving each other a hug?\nDid you know that a deer's vision is better at night than it is during the day? Also, the colors green, orange, and red appear as shades of gray to the deer. I don't know that I would like that!\nSeptember is a time of pre-rut where testosterone builds in the males and hormones escalate in the females. Many bucks begin to \"feel each other out\" by sparring. Sparring is not an all-out dominance fight but more of an action of pushing each other around.\nIt was getting very dark when I made this photograph. Most of my photos were blurry but I managed to save a couple like the one below.\nWhen it gets too dark for photos I switch to video until it gets too dark. This video contains clips of bucks sparring along the woodland edge. There were several cars or trucks that drove by during these clips and a few stopped to watch. Unfortunately, most people leave their car running so my microphone picks that up. Hopefully, you can ignore the annoying background noise.\nI hope you enjoyed these pre-rut photographs and video. Watch for a November photo blog documenting my White-tailed Deer rut season.\nThanks for looking,\nAccording to the calendar, autumn has arrived. If you’ve walked outside of your northeast home lately, you’ve noticed it still feels like August. With temperatures in the 80’s, we humans make the appropriate adjustments to enjoy the prolonged “summer”. Wildlife and nature, on the other hand, keeps doing what it does in October.\nGoldenrod is in bloom, Pokeweed berries are ripening, many wildflowers turned to seed, the sweet and bitter fruits and nuts are ripening into nutrition to be eaten and cached by wildlife, and finally, the deep greens of our summer foliage has begun to turn into yellow and red hues across our landscape.\nI have been consumed with Elk, White-tailed Deer, and fall songbird migration photography lately but in the process, there are always special moments and sights to capture in my camera. This photo blog is a compilation of photos and a short video displaying wildlife and nature seen during my time “in the field” the last couple months.\nI hope you enjoy these late summer photographs such as this Gray Catbird perched in the, yet-to-ripen, Pokeweed plant.\nThe setting sun is like a spotlight on the thin ears of the Cottontail Rabbit.\nWhen we bought this property 20 years ago, I was happy to find it is in the middle of several Eastern Black Walnut trees. Yes, they are messy but I don't have to pick up the fallen fruit. My yard is a popular place in the fall when all the neighborhood Gray Squirrels come to gather nuts. I put down lime on certain parts of my lawn to reduce the acidity from the husks the squirrels leave behind. Keeping the trees is the least I can do to help them through the winter.\nThis bird nesting box has been empty for several months now but this Tufted Titmouse had to check if anyone was home.\nElena and I were in Benezette for a long weekend to photograph the Elk rut. It happened to be during a hot and dry stretch of weather. It affected photography of the rut because the heat would force the elk into the woods earlier in the morning and keep them in there longer in the evening. It wasn't a great weekend for elk photography but I did grab a few interesting shots of other topics.\nHere is a Cedar Waxwing perched on a Pokeweed plant.\nIf you've ever been to Benezette, or any mountainous area for that matter, you will realize that the morning usually greets you with heavy fog. Of course, fog leaves behind dew.\nWhen the sun finally emerged this one morning in Benezette, we were greeted by several hundred dew drenched spider webs glistening in the fields.\nBelow is a photograph of a Banded Garden Spider and an interesting tidbit I found about web construction from the Department of Entomology at Penn State University.\n\"A behavioral study of web construction determined that the majority of Argiope trifasciata orient their webs along an east-to-west axis. The spiders hang head-down in the center of the web with their abdomens facing south. Since the underside (venter) of the spider is mostly black, the orientation of both web and spider is believed to maximize solar radiation for heat gain—an important consideration for spiders that are active late in the year.\"\nWaiting for elk to emerge in the evening can be a snoozefest if you let it happen. Instead, I watched several Monarch butterflies visiting the flowering Goldenrod that dappled the landscape. The journey in front of this butterfly is amazing when you think about it. The monarch is this large-winged insect that weighs 1/2 gram or less and seems to be at the mercy of whichever way the wind is blowing. The journey it is on will take him to the final destination of Mexico or southern California where it is warm year round.\nOn one of my more productive elk visits to Benezette I got to spend the day with my good friend Tom Dorsey, who lives in that region of the state. After spending a very good morning with the elk, Tom took me on a tour of many of the back roads through the mountains and Elk State Forest. Once Tom drove us out of the area I am familiar with, I had no idea where I was. By the way, I keep mentioning elk with no photos. The elk photos will be in an upcoming blog about my experiences during the 2017 elk rut.\nClose to the end of my tour, Tom took me to a place called Shaggers Inn Pond. It is tucked away in the forest of Clearfield County. We spent about an hour there watching the birds including a Bald Eagle all the way down in size to fall songbirds chirping in the bushes. Shaggers Inn PondClearfield County, PA\nBack in western Pennsylvania, wildlife photography opportunities continue. One day, I spotted a few Wild Turkey and several of their poults (babies). The field grasses were too high to photograph the poults so here is one of the adults.\nOne day, while photographing birds in my back yard, I saw this Gray Squirrel sitting in the fork of a tree gnawing the husk from the fruit of one of my Eastern Black Walnut trees.\nI have a trail cam that I move around my backyard to see how my bird feeders get emptied over night and see what might be coming in to get a drink or bath at the fish pond. All summer, I've had two Raccoons visit now and then. So far, my fish have been safe. One morning, I noticed one of the Raccoons in a large, hollow maple tree that was here long before we were. It was very early in the morning and I think he was ready for a day of napping.\nHe found a spot to relax.\nI'd like to share a short video of clips made in my backyard. I love to watch the American Goldfinsh pulling seeds from the dried Echinacea flower. Also in the video is the Gray Squirrel peeling the husk from a walnut you saw earlier in this blog. And, of course, I have to share video of the Raccoon in the tree.\nOne evening my friend, Jake Dingel, and I went out looking for White-tailed Deer. We were hoping to find them in the process of shedding their velvet. On our way past a marsh, we spotted a Green Heron perched on a stump in the water. We stopped and photographed the bird.\nThe heron caught me off guard when he lunged to make a catch and I didn't get any photos worth sharing. This photo was after he returned to the stump with a small frog.\nI wish I had my macro lens instead of only the 600mm when I saw this Praying Mantis. It could be a little sharper but it is still worth sharing.\nOne Saturday morning, after reports of a rare Sabine's Gull being seen at a lake about an hour away in Clarion County, Elena and I decided to go see the bird. Unfortunately, the day before was the last time it was seen as it continued on its migration.\nDuring our wait at the lake, we spotted several fall warblers that I will share in an upcoming photo blog. We also got to watch this Osprey dive into the water and retrieve a fish. Unfortunately, the wind was blowing into our face and since birds land, take off, and fish into the wind, its back was toward us the whole time. The only photos I have to share are after the catch, like the one below.\nThat's all for now. I hope you enjoyed this series of photos. Soon I will be sharing photos of White-tailed Deer and the American Elk herd in Pennsylvania. I hope you check back soon.\nThanks for looking,\nAugust brings about another kind of migration to the northeast region of the United States. Shorebirds begin to make their yearly trek toward their winter homes. The Lake Erie shore attracts many of these shorebirds and one particular beach in northern Ohio is one of them. Not only does the beach at Conneaut, Ohio have the Lake Erie shoreline, there is also a large sand bar containing a mud flat (when it’s not flooded) and a photography friendly marshland.\nThe sand bar is a two hour drive for me so I don’t go very often, especially since most of the birds have lost their colorful breeding plumage. However, it is a good place to see a nice variety of birds.\nIn this photo blog, I’m going to show you a very difficult bird to find, our smallest heron, the Least Bittern. Then, I’ll share a few photos of a bird that has managed to avoid my camera lens until this year, the American Avocet. Then I’ll share a video containing clips of the Least Bittern, American Avocet, and more.\nThe Least Bittern is very well camouflaged, making it one of the most difficult North American marsh birds to spot.\nThe least bitten measures between 11 and 14 inches in length with its neck outstretched. When in a relaxed position, I’m guessing they are half of that.\nThe Least Bittern uses its long neck to search for and catch prey without leaving the perch. If you look closely, you can see the target on the Spatterdock leaf, a dragonfly.\nThe Least Bittern eats mostly small fish (such as minnows, sunfishes, and perch) and large insects (dragonflies and others); also crayfish, leeches, frogs, tadpoles, small snakes, and other items.\nIn this photo, this female bittern just caught a dragonfly nymph. (A dragonfly’s life span is about one year with very little of that time being spent as an adult dragonfly. A dragonfly nymph is the middle, and longest, stage between the egg and adulthood. During the nymph stage, they spend their time underwater so, unless you witness a Least Bittern catch one for a snack, you seldom see them.)\nBittern can feed in water that is too deep for them to walk in because of their habit of straddling reeds.\nAs I mentioned earlier, the Least Bittern is our smallest heron measuring between 11 and 14.2 inches in length. Even with a wingspan of 16 - 18 inches, it only weighs between 1.8 – 3.6 ounces.\nThe Least Bittern has adapted for life in dense marshes. As I previously mentioned, rather than wading in the water like larger herons, they move about the marsh clinging onto cattails and reeds with their long toes. It slips its thin body through even the most thickest marshes.\nBecause of its preferred habitat, it often goes unseen except when it flies. Perhaps the only way you will know one is nearby is because you hear its cooing and clucking call notes. However, sometimes you can find them in the open such as these bitterns I found hunting on the Spatterdock.\nUntil this day I’ve never seen an American Avocet. I was really happy to see at least one come to my shore today. At 16.9 to 18.5 inches in length, they are a lot larger than I thought they were.\nProbably the most distinguishing mark of an American Avocet is their long, upturned bill. I would love to see one of these beautiful birds in the spring when they are in breeding plumage. In the photo below you can still see the fading rust color of its neck.\nThis avocet stayed at the edge of the shoreline, however, they do prefer shallow water and large mudflats.\nTheir diet consists mostly of small crustaceans and insects, also some seeds. They feed by walking through the water with the tips of their bills in the water and slightly open. They filter food items from below the water surface.\nDuring migration, the birds need to eat and sleep during their stopovers. This avocet was preening for a little while and its eyes were beginning to close in the warm sun.\nWe had an interesting visitor one morning. As I and a small group of photographers and birders waited for the Least Bittern to venture into the open, this immature Great Blue Heron walked up on us and wasn't afraid at all.\nAs I promised, here is a short video of some of the birds that can be found in a marsh.\nI hope you enjoyed this little compilation of photos from Conneaut, OH. There's always an adventure waiting around the next turn.\nSee you there,\nI hope you have enjoyed the recent short blog posts highlighting some of the rare or seldom seem warblers in the western Pennsylvania region. It was a great, but tiring, spring season. Juggling work and home life, I managed to get out to photograph warblers on weekend mornings and evenings and a few vacation days here and there during the month of May.\nI realize many readers have never seen some of these birds and that is a benefit of what I do. If you are able, I hope these photos encourage you to get out in nature and enjoy yourself. There is no happier moment than when you are out in nature, worries and concerns set aside, watching these little beauties decorate your world from the ground to the tree tops.\nSadly, many of these birds you are about to see are falling victim to human \"progress\". Urban development, among other things, are causing habitat loss in their breeding grounds. Breeding habitat is very specific for our songbirds. They can't simply go to the next standing tree or shrub! Steps of conservation are being taken but will it be enough? We, as shepherds of this land, need to be more concerned with the results of our actions in regards to wildlife.\nI hope you enjoy the photos of the 28 species of warbler I photographed this spring. I thought I had 29 species until I found out about the reclassification of the Yellow-breasted Chat. I included him in the end of this blog for ol times sake.\nMaybe these photos will encourage you to make plans to learn more about these little beauties and become more active in their future.\n|American RedstartMale||American RedstartMale|\n|Black-and-white WarblerMale||Black-and-white Warbler|\nBlack-throated Blue Warbler\n|Black-throated Blue WarblerMale|\nBlack-throated Green Warbler\n|Black-throated Green WarblerMale||Black-throated Green WarblerMale|\n|Blackburnian WarblerMale||Blackburnian WarblerMale|\n|Blue-winged WarblerMale||Blue-winged WarblerMale|\n|Canada WarblerMale||Canada WarblerMale|\nCape May Warbler\n|Cape May WarblerMale|\n|Cerulean Warbler||Cerulean Warbler|\n|Chestnut-sided WarblerMale||Chestnut-sided WarblerMale|\n|Common YellowthroatMale||Common Yellowthroat|\n|Golden-winged WarblerMale||Golden-winged WarblerMale|\n|Hooded Warbler||Hooded Warbler|\n|Kentucky Warbler||Kentucky WarblerMale|\n|Louisiana Waterthrush||Louisiana Waterthrush|\n|Magnolia WarblerMale||Magnolia WarblerMale|\n|Mourning WarblerMale||Mourning WarblerMale|\n|Northern Parula||Northern Parula|\n|Pine WarblerMale||Pine WarblerMale|\n|Prairie WarblerMale||Prairie WarblerMale|\n|Prothonotary WarblerMale||Prothonotary Warbler|\n|Worm-eating Warbler||Worm-eating Warbler|\n|Yellow WarblerMale||Yellow WarblerFemale|\n|Yellow-rumped WarblerMale||Yellow-rumped Warbler|\n|Yellow-throated Warbler||Yellow-throated Warbler|\n|Yellow-breasted ChatMale (Black Lores)||Yellow-breasted ChatMale (Black Lores)|\nThanks for looking,\nThe Yellow-breasted Chat is the largest of our warblers. At least it was our largest warbler. After writing the original version of this blog I found out the warbler classification of the Yellow-breasted Chat is in jeopardy because of several changes being proposed by the the American Ornithological Society's North and Middle American Classification Committee. Here is a partial quote from the proposal. \"The Yellow-breasted Chat is no longer part of the wood-warbler family, Parulidae, and gets its own family Icteriidae, not be confused with the blackbird family Icteridae.\" Well, the change is official and if you care to read about it, you can here.\nRegardless of its classification, the Yellow-breasted Chat is a pretty cool bird. If you hope to see one, you better look in the spring while the male is singing for a mate or protecting his territory because they are fairly quiet the rest of the summer.\n|YellowBreastedChatRangeMap||Yellow-breasted ChatMale (Black Lores)|\nOne of the fun moments of bird photography is when the bird sits on a branch for an extended period of time and preens. The preening session usually ends with a total body fluff-up like this male is doing in the next photograph. Notice the black coloration in the region between the eye and the nostrils? That area is called the lores. A male chat has black lores and the female has gray lores. Yellow-breasted ChatMale (Black Lores)\nAlthough the Yellow-breasted Chat's population has declined in parts of the southwest, their population is mostly stable. As more eastern forests are being cleared to create brushy habitat, their population has been increasing. Keep in mind when I refer to \"forests being cleared\" I don't mean for urban development. That doesn't help their population at all. Clearing forests is a good thing when old growth is logged out creating habitat for many birds that prefer new-growth areas.\nThanks for looking,", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://uepcertified.com/egg-farm-sustainability/", "date": "2017-06-23T05:00:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320003.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20170623045423-20170623065423-00253.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9310171604156494, "token_count": 272, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-26__0__160911001", "lang": "en", "text": "As demands placed on agriculture to meet the world’s growing population become ever greater, sustainability is much more than a buzzword. Today’s egg farms use water and arable cropland more efficiently, while using less fuel, compared to farms 50 years ago. Quite simply, they do far more with considerably less.\nEvery aspect of the egg production process, from cultivating feed to raising the laying hens, has led to a reduced environmental footprint.\nDue to increased feed efficiency, advancements in hen housing and manure management, egg farms now use less water and energy on a daily basis and release less polluting emissions.\nA study by the Egg Industry Center demonstrates how the egg community has reduced its environmental footprint over the last 50 years through improved hen feed, better disease control and lower death loss, advancements in hen housing and subsequent reduction of natural resource use. Researchers conducted a life cycle assessment, comparing 1960 and 2010 U.S. egg production to evaluate environmental impacts encompassing every aspect from cultivating feeds to raising the laying hens.\nHens housed in cages under the UEP Certified program use 15 to 25 percent less feed per egg than hens in cage-free or free-range environments. These UEP Certified farms also have smaller carbon footprints due to lower feed usage, more efficient use of natural resources and less land usage.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://therapy.epnet.com/nat/GetContent.asp?siteid=EBSCO&chunkiid=38390", "date": "2019-09-21T07:12:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514574286.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20190921063658-20190921085658-00064.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8335509896278381, "token_count": 7081, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__56196890", "lang": "en", "text": "• Generalized Seizures; Partial Complex Seizures; Seizure Disorder; Temporal Lobe Epilepsy\nPrincipal Proposed Natural Treatments\n• Ketogenic Diet; Nutritional Support\nOther Proposed Natural Treatments\n• Acupuncture; Electromagnetic Therapy (rTMS); Fish Oil; Food Allergen Identification and Avoidance; Manganese; Melatonin; Nigella sativa; Taurine; Traditional Chinese Herbal Remedies (Saiko-Keishi-To and Sho-Saiko-To) ; Yoga\nHerbs and Supplements to Avoid\n• 5-HTP; 2-Dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE); Ginkgo; Glutamine; Hyssop; Ipriflavone; Japanese Star Anise; Nicotinamide; White Willow\nEpilepsy is a disorder of the brain that causes recurrent episodes called seizures. A seizure is sometimes described as an electrical storm in the brain leading to abnormal movements, sensations, and states of consciousness. In reality, however, it is more orderly than a storm. During a seizure, nerves function in an abnormally synchronized manner, a kind of lockstep that can continue for seconds or minutes. The results range from mild changes in awareness to violent convulsions.\nIsolated seizures can occur for many reasons. The term epilepsy is applied when a person has recurrent seizures with no known treatable cause. If the seizure occurs in a localized part of the brain, it is called a partial seizure . If it affects much of brain, it is called a generalized seizure .\nThe most common forms of generalized seizures are absence seizures (petit mal) and tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal). Petit mal seizures involve a brief lapse of consciousness that occurs suddenly and lasts for a brief time before disappearing; there are usually no symptoms afterward. A grand mal seizure involves: loss of consciousness, convulsions of the body, tongue biting, and often urination. A state of confusion follows the seizure.\nPartial seizures come in three main varieties. They can be simple (involving just an arm, for example) or complex (involving more complicated movements and loss of consciousness). Finally, some may turn into generalized seizures. There are several medications used to treat epilepsy, generally with considerable success. Most of these drugs can cause significant side effects, though. Fortunately, some of these side effects may be partially correctable through nutrient supplementation (see the Nutritional Support section).\nPrincipal Proposed Natural Treatments\nThere are no well-established herbs or supplements for the treatment of epilepsy. However, a number of supplements may be useful for treating nutritional deficiencies caused by anticonvulsant drugs. Besides herbs and supplements, the ketogenic diet might be helpful for controlling seizures in children.\nNote : Epilepsy is far too serious a condition for self-treatment. For this reason, none of the treatments listed below should be used without the advice and supervision of a doctor.\nBefore drug treatments for epilepsy were invented, scientists noticed that fasting tends to reduce seizure frequency. Subsequent investigation pinned down a metabolic state called ketosis as the causative factor. Ketosis occurs during fasting and also while consuming a diet high in fat and very low in carbohydrates (the ketogenic diet).\nWhen effective anticonvulsant drugs were developed, the ketogenic diet fell into disfavor, but in recent years medical interest has returned. Today, the diet is seeing increased use in the treatment of people who do not respond fully to standard medications. Most studies have involved children because they tend to be more agreeable than adults to the diet.\nEvidence suggests that the ketogenic diet may almost completely stop seizures in about half of all children with epilepsy and reduce seizure frequency less dramatically in another third. 1-6 Unfortunately, the ketogenic diet can cause side effects, such as fatigue, nausea, reduced immunity, mental confusion, dehydration, constipation, and increased tendency to bruise. 2,3,7-13 Major side effects seen occasionally with certain forms of the ketogenic diet include kidney stones, gallstones, impaired liver function, severe hypoproteinemia (dangerously low levels of protein in the blood), and kidney injury. 14 Vitamin and mineral deficiency may also occur with some ketogenic diets, but the use of a multivitamin/multimineral supplement can easily prevent this. 15\nMany drugs can impair the body’s ability to absorb or metabolize certain nutrients; however, anticonvulsants are particular offenders. Meaningful evidence indicates that common anticonvulsants interfere with the body’s handling of folate , biotin , calcium , vitamin D , and vitamin K . In addition, one anticonvulsant, valproic acid, affects the nutrient-like substance carnitine . For these reasons, it is often recommended that people using anticonvulsants take supplements that provide these nutrients.\nHowever, there’s a potential catch to correcting such “nutrient depletions.” In some cases, taking the nutrient can impair the absorption or alter the metabolism of anticonvulsant drugs. In other cases, it is possible that nutrient depletion is part of how the anticonvulsant operates! For this reason, physician supervision is essential when taking any supplements.\nFolate (also known as folic acid) is a B vitamin that plays an important role in many vital aspects of health. Unfortunately, most drugs used for preventing seizures can reduce levels of folate in the body. 16-21 In turn, low serum folate levels can cause elevated levels of homocysteine, possibly increasing the risk of heart disease. 22\nLow folate levels are also linked to increased risk of a variety of birth defects. Because anticonvulsant drugs deplete folate, babies born to women taking anticonvulsants are at increased risk for such birth defects.\nHowever, the case for taking extra folate is complicated by the fact that high folate levels may speed up the normal breakdown of phenytoin 19,21 and possibly other anticonvulsants. This could lead to breakthrough seizures. For this reason, folate supplementation during anticonvulsant therapy should always be supervised by a physician.\nNumerous anticonvulsants can reduce body levels of the essential vitamin biotin , probably by interfering with its absorption. 23,24 Valproic acid may affect biotin to a lesser extent than other anticonvulsants.\nIt is not clear whether this biotin deficiency actually causes any problems. Nonetheless, it is not good to be short on any essential nutrient, and for this reason biotin supplementation has been recommended during long-term anticonvulsant therapy. Keep in mind, though, that the action of anticonvulsant drugs may be at least partly related to their effect on biotin levels. For this reason, physician supervision is strongly advised before adding biotin to an anticonvulsant regimen.\nMany anticonvulsant drugs increase the risk of osteoporosis and other bone disorders. 25,26 This is believed to be due in part to the fact that they impair calcium metabolism (see also the sections on vitamin D and vitamin K below). Effects on calcium may also increase the tendency toward seizures by lowering blood levels of calcium. 26\nCalcium supplementation may thus be beneficial for people taking anticonvulsant drugs. However, some studies indicate that antacids containing calcium carbonate interfere with the absorption of phenytoin and perhaps other anticonvulsants. 27,28 For this reason, calcium supplements and anticonvulsant drugs should be taken several hours apart.\nPhenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and primidone speed up the normal breakdown of vitamin K into inactive byproducts, thus depriving the body of active vitamin K. Use of these anticonvulsants by pregnant mothers can lead to vitamin K deficiencies in their unborn babies, resulting in bleeding disorders or facial-bone abnormalities in the newborns. 33,34 For this reason, mothers who take these anticonvulsants may need vitamin K supplementation during pregnancy.\nIn other circumstances, anticonvulsants seldom deplete vitamin K enough to cause bleeding problems. However, vitamin K deficiency may contribute to anticonvulsant-induced osteoporosis.\nValproic acid (Depakene) and possibly other anticonvulsants may reduce the body’s levels of the substance carnitine . 35-44 For this reason it has been suggested that people using these drugs should take supplemental carnitine. However, there is no evidence as yet that taking carnitine will provide any noticeable benefit; the one study that did attempt to evaluate this possibility failed to discern any meaningful effect. 45\nOther Proposed Treatments for Epilepsy\nHerbs and Supplements\nThe traditional Chinese herbal remedies known by the Japanese names saiko-keishi-to and sho-saiko-to have also been suggested for epilepsy, but the supporting evidence for their use remains highly preliminary. 46-48 Both of these combination treatments consist of bupleurum, peony root, pinellia root, cassia bark, ginger root , jujube fruit, Asian ginseng root , Asian skullcap root, and licorice root , but the proportions vary.\nA double-blind study performed in Iran reportedly found that use of an extract of the seed of the Nigella sativa plant helped control seizures in children. 80\nOther supplements sometimes suggested for epilepsy (but with no meaningful supporting evidence) include vitamin B 1 , vitamin B 6 , beta-carotene , and glycine . Herbs traditionally regarded as “nervines” or nerve-relaxants are also sometimes proposed, such as the following:\nHowever, there is no meaningful evidence that they can help, and some of these herbs present significant safety concerns.\nNote : Most herbs used for epilepsy are sedatives, as are many anticonvulsant drugs. Combination treatment could lead to dangerous over-sedation. People with epilepsy should, therefore, seek medical supervision before using any herbs or supplements.\nA special form of electromagnetic therapy called rTMS has shown promise for epilepsy. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 24 participants with epilepsy localized to a specific part of the brain and not fully responsive to drug treatment were given twice daily treatment with rTMS or sham rTMS for a week. 54 The results showed a mild reduction in seizures among the participants given real rTMS. However, the benefits rapidly disappeared when treatment was stopped.\nAcupuncture has been proposed for the treatment of epilepsy, but at this time there is no convincing evidence for its effectiveness. A single-blind, controlled trial of individualized acupuncture for 34 people with severe epilepsy found no benefit. 56 And, in a comprehensive review involving 10 Chinese trials and 1 Norwegian trial, acupuncture was largely found to be ineffective. 82\nYoga has also been studied as a potential treatment. A review of 2 randomized trials involving 50 people found mixed results, though. 83 One trial comparing real yoga to sham yoga or no treatment found that real yoga did reduce the frequency and duration of seizures. But, another trial did not support the use of yoga. The researchers emphasized the need for more studies.\nHerbs and Supplements to Avoid in Epilepsy\nNumerous herbs and supplements have been associated with unexpected or unexpectedly severe seizures. 67 In most cases, however, the evidence linking any particular natural product to increased seizure activity remains circumstantial. Some of the more worrisome potential “pro-seizure” agents are discussed here. In addition, we discuss herbs and supplements that may interact with medications used for seizures. See also the discussion of folate and biotin above.\nGinkgo seeds contain a seizure-promoting substance called 4-methoxypyridoxine (MPN). 57 Although ginkgo seeds are seldom used today, seizures have also been reported with the use of the more normal form of the herb: ginkgo leaf extract. 58,59,73 One possible explanation is that ginkgo-leaf products may have been contaminated ginkgo seeds. Another possibility has been proposed as well: ginkgo may affect the brain in ways similar to tacrine, a drug also used to improve memory and which has been associated with seizures. Finally, it has been suggested that ginkgo might impair the effectiveness of dilantin and depakote. Regardless of the explanation, people with epilepsy should probably avoid ginkgo.\nMany anti-epilepsy drugs work by blocking the effects of a substance called glutamate; for this reason, high dosages of the closely-related amino acid glutamine could conceivably overwhelm these drugs and pose a risk to people with epilepsy.\nManufacturers of the supplement DMAE warn that it might increase seizure risk.\nTea made from the herb hyssop is thought to be safe, but hyssop essential oil, like most essential oils , is toxic in excessive doses. Some of the constituents of hyssop oil are thought to increase risk of seizures. 74,75 For this reason, hyssop essential oil should not be used by people with epilepsy.\nJapanese star-anise contains substances that can trigger seizure activity. 76-78\nGrapefruit juice slows the body's normal breakdown of several drugs, including the anticonvulsant carbamazepine , allowing it to build up to potentially dangerous levels in the blood; this effect can last for 3 days or more following the last glass of juice. 62\nThe herb white willow , also known as willow bark, is used to treat pain and fever. White willow contains a substance closely related to aspirin known as salicin. Aspirin is known to increase phenytoin levels and toxicity during long-term use of both drugs. 64 This raises the concern that white willow might have similar effects on phenytoin, though this has not been proven.\n1. Prasad AN, Stafstrom CF, Holmes GL. Alternative epilepsy therapies: the ketogenic diet, immunoglobulins, and steroids. Epilepsia. 1996;37:S81-S95.\n2. Vining EPG, Freemen JM, Ballaban-Gil K, et al. A multicenter study of the efficacy of the ketogenic diet. Arch Neurol. 1998;55:1433-1437.\n3. Freeman JM, Vining EP, Pillas DJ, et al. The efficacy of the ketogenic diet-1998: a prospective evaluation of intervention in 150 children. Pediatrics. 1998;102:1358-1363.\n4. Neelam GK, Koehler AN, McGhee B, et al. The ketogenic diet in refractory epilepsy: the experience of Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh. Clinical Pediatrics. 2000;39:153-159.\n5. Mak SC, Chi CS, Wan CJ. Clinical experience of ketogenic diet on children with refractory epilepsy. Acta Paediatr Taiwan. 1999;40:97-100.\n6. Lefevre F, Aronson N. Ketogenic diet for the treatment of refractory epilepsy in children: a systematic review of efficacy. Pediatrics. 2000;105:E46.\n7. Wing RR, Vazquez JA, Ryan CM. Cognitive effects of ketogenic weight-reducing diets. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1995;19:811-816.\n8. Woody RC, Steele RW, Knapple WL, et al. Impaired neutrophil function in children with seizures treated with the ketogenic diet. J Pediatr. 1989;115:427-430.\n9. Hassan AM, Keene DL, Whiting SE, et al. Ketogenic diet in the treatment of refractory epilepsy in childhood. Pediatr Neurol. 1999;21:548-552.\n10. Herzberg GZ, Fivush BA, Kinsman SL, et al. Urolithiasis associated with the ketogenic diet. J Pediatr. 1990;117:743-745.\n11. Swink TD, Vining EP, Freeman JM. The ketogenic diet: 1997. Adv Pediatr. 1997;44:297-329.\n12. Bloom WL, Azar GJ. Similarities of carbohydrate deficiency and fasting: weight loss, electrolyte excretion, and fatigue. Arch Intern Med. 1963;112:333-337.\n13. Berry-Kravis E, Booth G, Taylor A, et al. Bruising and the ketogenic diet: evidence for diet-induced changes in platelet function. Ann Neurol. 2001;49:98-103.\n14. Ballaban-Gil K, Callahan C, O'Dell C, et al. Complications of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia. 1998;39:744-748.\n15. Berkowitz VJ. A view on high-protein, low-carb diets [Letter response]. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000;100:1300,1302-1303.\n16. Kishi T, Fujita N, Eguchi T, et al. Mechanism for reduction of serum folate by antiepileptic drugs during prolonged therapy. J Neurol Sci. 1997;145:109-112.\n17. Reynolds EH. Mental effects of anticonvulsants, and folic acid metabolism. Brain. 1968;91:197-214.\n18. Hendel J, Dam M, Gram L, et al. The effects of carbamazepine and valproate on folate metabolism. Acta Neurol Scand. 1984;69:226-231.\n19. Berg MJ, Stumbo PJ, Chenard CA, et al. Folic acid improves phenytoin pharmacokinetics. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995;95:352-356.\n20. Lewis DP, Van Dyke DC, Willhite LA, et al. Phenytoin-folic acid interaction. Ann Pharmacother. 1995;29:726-735.\n21. Lewis DP, Van Dyke DC, Stumbo PJ, et al. Drug and environmental factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Part I: Antiepileptic drugs, contraceptives, smoking, and folate. Ann Pharmacother. 1998;32:802-817.\n22. Arenz A, Klein M, Fiehe K. Occurrence of neurotoxic 4'-O-methylpyridoxine in Ginkgo biloba leaves, ginkgo medications and Japanese ginkgo food. Planta Med. 1996;62:548-551.\n23. Said HM, Redha R, Nylander W. Biotin transport in the human intestine: inhibition by anticonvulsant drugs. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989;49:127-131.\n24. Krause KH, Bonjour JP, Berlit P, et al. Biotin status of epileptics. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1985;447:297-313.\n25. Wahl TO, Gobuty AH, Lukert BP. Long-term anticonvulsant therapy and intestinal calcium absorption. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981;30:506-512.\n26. Weinstein RS, Bryce GF, Sappington LJ, et al. Decreased serum ionized calcium and normal vitamin D metabolite levels with anticonvulsant drug treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1984;58:1003-1009.\n27. Carter BL, Garnett WR, Pellock JM, et al. Effect of antacids on phenytoin bioavailability. Ther Drug Monit. 1981;3:333-340.\n28. McElnay JC, Uprichard G, Collier PS. The effect of activated dimethicone and a proprietary antacid preparation containing this agent on the absorption of phenytoin. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;13:501-505.\n29. Hahn TJ, Hendin BA, Scharp CR, et al. Effect of chronic anticonvulsant therapy on serum 25-hydroxycalciferol levels in adults. N Engl J Med. 1972;287:900-904.\n30. Jubiz W, Haussler MR, McCain TA, et al. Plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in patients receiving anticonvulsant drugs. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1977;44:617-621.\n31. Brodie MJ, Boobis AR, Dollery CT, et al. Rifampicin and vitamin D metabolism. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1980;27:810-814.\n32. Williams C, Netzloff M, Folkerts L, et al. Vitamin D metabolism and anticonvulsant therapy: effect of sunshine on incidence of osteomalacia. South Med J. 1984;77:834-836,842.\n33. Cornelissen M, Steegers-Theunissen R, Kollee L, et al. Increased incidence of neonatal vitamin K deficiency resulting from maternal anticonvulsant therapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;168:923-928.\n34. Cornelissen M, Steegers-Theunissen R, Kollee L, et al. Supplementation of vitamin K in pregnant women receiving anticonvulsant therapy prevents neonatal vitamin K deficiency. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;168:884-888.\n35. Hug C, McGraw CA, Bates SR, et al. Reduction of serum carnitine concentrations during anticonvulsant therapy with phenobarbital, valproic acid, phenytoin, and carbamazepine in children. J Pediatr. 1991;119:799-802.\n36. Chung S, Choi J, Hyun T, et al. Alterations in the carnitine metabolism in epileptic children treated with valproic acid. J Korean Med Sci. 1997;12:553-558.\n37. Melegh B, Trombitas K. Valproate treatment induces lipid globule accumulation with ultrastructual abnormalities of mitochondria in skeletal muscle. Neuropediatrics. 1997;28:257-261.\n38. Zelnik N, Fridkis I, Gruener N. Reduced carnitine and antiepileptic drugs: cause relationship or co-existence? Acta Paediatr. 1995;84:93-95.\n39. Coulter DL. Carnitine deficiency in epilepsy: risk factors and treatment. J Child Neurol. 1995;10(suppl 2):S32-S39.\n40. Melegh B, Pap M, Morava E, et al. Carnitine-dependent changes of metabolic fuel consumption during long-term treatment with valproic acid. J Pediatr. 1994;125:317-321.\n41. De Vivo DC, Bohan TP, Coulter DL, et al. L-carnitine supplementation in childhood epilepsy: current perspectives. Epilepsia. 1998;13:1216-1225.\n42. Matsuda I, Ohtani Y. Carnitine status in Reye and Reye-like syndromes. Pediatr Neurol. 1986;2:90-94.\n43. Camina MF, Rozas I, Gomez M, et al. Short-term effects of administration of anticonvulsant drugs on free carnitine and acylcarnitine in mouse serum and tissues. Br J Pharmacol. 1991;103:1179-1183.\n44. Rodriguez-Segade S, de la Pena CA, Tutor JC, et al. Carnitine deficiency associated with anticonvulsant therapy. Clin Chim Acta. 1989;181:175-181.\n45. Freeman JM, Vining EP, Cost S, et al. Does carnitine administration improve the symptoms attributed to anticonvulsant medications?: a double-blinded, crossover study. Pediatrics. 1994;93(6 pt 1):893-895.\n46. Yarnell EY, Abascal K. An herbal formula for treating intractable epilepsy: a review of the literature. Alt Compl Ther. 2000;6:203-206.\n47. Narita Y, Satowa H, Kokubu T, et al. Treatment of epileptic patients with the Chinese herbal medicine “saiko-keishi-to” (SK). IRCS Med Sci. 1982;10:88-89.\n48. Nagakubo S, Niwa S, Kumagai N, et al. Effects of TJ-960 on Sternberg’s paradigm results in epileptic patients. Jpn J Psych Neur. 1993;47:609-619.\n49. Durelli L, Mutani R. The current status of taurine in epilepsy. Clin Neuropharmacol. 1983;6:37-48.\n50. Marchesi GF, Quattrini A, Scarpino O, et al. Therapeutic effects of taurine in epilepsy: a clinical and polyphysiographic study [in Italian; English abstract]. Riv Patol Nerv Ment. 1975;96:166-184.\n51. Fukuyama Y, Ochiai Y. Therapeutic trial by taurine for intractable childhood epilepsies. Brain Dev. 1982;4:63-69\n52. Fauteck JD, Schmidt H, Lerchl A, et al. Melatonin in epilepsy: First results of replacement therapy and first clinical results. Biol Signals Recept. 1999;8:105-110.\n53. Akram M, Sullivan C, Mack G, et al. What is the clinical significance of reduced manganese and zinc levels in treated epileptic patients? Med J Aust. 1989;151:113.\n54. Theodore WH, Hunter K, Chen R, et al. Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of seizures: A controlled study. Neurology. 2002;59:560-562.\n55. Egger J, Carter CM, Soothill JF, et al. Oligoantigenic diet treatment of children with epilepsy and migraine. J Pediatr. 1989;114:51-58.\n56. Stavem K, Kloster R, Rossberg E, et al. Acupuncture in intractable epilepsy: lack of effect on health-related quality of life. Seizure. 2000;9:422-426.\n57. Kajiyama Y, Fujii K, Takeuchi H, et al. Ginkgo seed poisoning. Pediatrics. 2002;109:325-327.\n58. Granger AS. Ginkgo biloba precipitating epileptic seizures. Age Ageing. 2001;30:523-525.\n59. Gregory PJ. Seizure associated with Ginkgo biloba? [letter]. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:344.\n60. Coleman M. Myoclonus in the young after 5-hydroxytryptophan [letter]. N Engl J Med. 1977;296:820.\n61. Hagan JJ, Hatcher JP, Slade PD. The role of 5-HT1D and 5-HT1A receptors in mediating 5-hydroxytryptophan induced myoclonic jerks in guinea pigs. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995;294:743-751.\n62. Tatro D. A to Z Drug Facts. 2nd ed. [book on CD-ROM]. St. Louis, MO: Facts and Comparisons; 2000.\n63. Monostory K, Vereczkey L, Levai F, et al. Ipriflavone as an inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 1998;123:605-610.\n64. Inoue F, Walsh RJ. Folate supplements and phenytoin-salicylate interaction. Neurology. 1983;33:115-116.\n65. Bourgeois BF, Dodson WE, Ferrendelli JA. Interactions between primidone, carbamazepine, and nicotinamide. Neurology. 1982;32:1122-1126.\n66. Vaddadi KS. The use of gamma-linolenic acid and linoleic acid to differentiate between temporal lobe epilepsy and schizophrenia. Prostaglandins Med. 1981;6:375-379.\n67. Tyagi A, Delanty N. Herbal remedies, dietary supplements, and seizures. Epilepsia . 2003;44:228-235.\n68. Yuen AW, Sander JW, Fluegel D, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with chronic epilepsy: A randomized trial. Epilepsy Behav . 2005 Jul 7 [Epub ahead of print].\n69. Gupta M, Aneja S, Kohli K. Add-on melatonin improves quality of life in epileptic children on valproate monotherapy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Epilepsy Behav . 2004;5:316-321.\n70. Gupta M, Aneja S, Kohli K, et al. Add-on melatonin improves sleep behavior in children with epilepsy: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Child Neurol . 2005;20:112-115.\n71. Gupta M, Gupta YK, Agarwal S, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of melatonin add-on therapy in epileptic children on valproate monotherapy: effect on glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004;58:542-547.\n72. Gupta M, Gupta YK, Agarwal S, et al. Effects of Add-on Melatonin Administration on Antioxidant Enzymes in Children with Epilepsy Taking Carbamazepine Monotherapy: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Epilepsia . 2004;45:1636-1639.\n73. Kupiec T, Raj V. Fatal seizures due to potential herb-drug interactions with Ginkgo biloba. J Anal Toxicol . 2006;29:755-758.\n74. Hold KM, Sirisoma NS, Sparks SE, et al. Metabolism and mode of action of cis- and trans-3-pinanones (the active ingredients of hyssop oil). Xenobiotica . 2002;32:251-265.\n75. Millet Y, Tognetti P, Lavaire-Perlovisi M, et al. [Experimental study of the toxic convulsant properties of commercial preparations of essences of sage and hyssop]. Rev Electroencephalogr Neurophysiol Clin . 1979;9:12-18.\n76. Vandenberghe N, Pittion-Vouyouvitch S, Flesch F, Wagner M, et al. [An inaugural generalized tonic-clonic convulsive crisis following ingestion of Japanese star anise] Presse Med . 2003;32:27-28.\n77. Nakamura T, Okuyama E, Yamazaki M. Neurotropic components from star anise (Illicium verum Hook. fil.) Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1996;44:1908-1914. Erratum in: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1996 ;44:2344.\n78. Okuyama E, Nakamura T, Yamazaki M. Convulsants from star anise (Illicium verum Hook.F.). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1993;41:1670-1671.\n79. Mikati MA, Dib L, Yamout B, et al. Two randomized vitamin D trials in ambulatory patients on anticonvulsants: Impact on bone. Neurology . 2006;67:2005-2014.\n80. Akhondian J, Parsa A, Rakhshande H. The effect of Nigella sativa L. (black cumin seed) on intractable pediatric seizures. Med Sci Monit. 2007;13:CR555-559.\n81. Bromfield E, Dworetzky B, Hurwitz S, et al. A randomized trial of polyunsaturated fatty acids for refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;12:187-190.\n82. Cheuk DK, Wong V. Acupuncture for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;CD005062.\n83. Ramaratnam S, Sridharan K. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(3):CD001524.\nLast reviewed July 2012 by EBSCO CAM Review Board\nPlease be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.\nCopyright (C) 2011 EBSCO Publishing. All rights reserved.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://infectonews.wordpress.com/2016/07/31/strategies-for-targeting-residual-hiv-infection/", "date": "2017-04-25T18:33:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917120844.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031200-00025-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8783209323883057, "token_count": 264, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__133543038", "lang": "en", "text": "Strategies for targeting residual HIV infection\nCurrent Opinion In HIV and AIDS July 2016 V.11 N.4 P.359–361\nChomont, Nicolas; Perreau, Matthieu\naCentre de Recherche du CHUM\nbDepartment of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada\ncDivision of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland\nSeven years ago, Hutter et al. reported the unique case of a 40-year-old HIV-infected man who was cured of HIV infection following an allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Timothy Ray Brown, also known as the ‘Berlin Patient’ is until today the only person from whom HIV has been eradicated. This extraordinary and largely unexpected success fostered HIV cure research by opening novel therapeutic possibilities that could potentially surpass combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). Indeed, although ART has dramatically reduced the death rate from AIDS and improved the quality of life of many HIV-infected individuals, the possible long-term toxicity associated with ART, stigma and cost all contribute to the necessity of finding a cure….\nPDF (CLIC in PDF)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.oxfordstudent.com/2014/02/20/natural-history-back-for-good/", "date": "2020-06-01T09:24:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347415315.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20200601071242-20200601101242-00387.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9715256094932556, "token_count": 392, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__106646938", "lang": "en", "text": "The Oxford University Museum of Natural History reopened on Saturday after 14 months of complex renovation.\nThe occasion was marked with a ‘Dawn ’til Dusk’ event that saw the museum open its doors at seven a.m. and welcome over 5,000 guests over the course of the day.\nThe day’s program of events included live bands, bug handling, and a talk from museum director Professor Paul Smith.\nSmith told the Oxford Student: “This has been a long, dark year with the museum closed to visitors…it will be very nice to see the doors opened again today and to have the sound of visitors filling the space once more.”\nRenovation was undertaken on the Grade I listed building to fix water leakages in the glass-tiled roof, which were causing damage to some of the museum’s specimens.\nConservator Bethany Palumbo claimed she was “shocked” the first time she realised the harm caused to exhibits: “We found watermarks on the whales which was crazy. We also had a collection of buckets for emergencies,” she said. Other specimens were becoming faded due to exposure from UV light.\nThe restoration project, which is believed to have cost in the region of £2 million, involved more than 8,500 glass tiles being individually removed, cleaned and resealed. Where tiles required replacement, specialist heritage architects were involved to ensure they matched the style of the Victorian originals.\nThe closure also facilitated extensive conservation work on some of the museum’s specimens. The collection of whale skeletons were cleaned for the first time in 100 years.\nThe museum houses the University’s scientific collections of zoological and geological specimens. Amongst its most famous exhibits are a number of dinosaur skeletons discovered in the local area, and the world’s only Dodo specimen complete with intact skin.\nNatural History back for good", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.2rbetter.org/archives/2010-06-11%20-%20Alkaline%20Antioxidant%20Water%20Gets%20Results", "date": "2022-07-01T19:47:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103945490.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220701185955-20220701215955-00647.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.940324068069458, "token_count": 1602, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__267803748", "lang": "en", "text": "ALKALINE ANTIOXIDANT WATER GETS RESULTS\nDOCTOR EXPLAINS HOW WATER WORKS - 2010-06-11\nRaymond Dent, N.D., has practiced Naturopathic Medicine for 27 years. He graduated as a member of the first class at the John Bastyr College of Naturopathic Medicine, at Seattle, Washington (now Bastyr University), in 1982 after completing pre-med studies at Cal State Northridge, Brigham Young University, and Pierce College.\nHe has practiced in Manhattan, Maine, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Washington State. He has been associated with several medical doctors who practice alternative medicine including doctors Jonathan V. Wright, Thomas A. Dorman, and Ira Rabin.\nMy interest in the properties and benefits of water as it relates to alkaline content, bio-efficiencies, and ionization began while I was working with a company at Paradise, Idaho. The company owned natural springs arising at the base of the Saw-Tooth Mountain in Idaho. This particular spring water emerges with an alkalinity of about 9.7 in conjunction with very low dissolved solids.\nIt has abundant free electron activity and a negative oxidation reduction potential (ORP) reading, similar to alkaline antioxidant water produced technologically. Working with the research and quality control division of that company laid the foundation for my subsequent work involving alkaline antioxidant water.\nWater is a very powerful tool for improving and maintaining health. Alkaline antioxidant water is unlike any other water because it is more than just “water.” It's a health drink. Daily use of alkaline antioxidant water may be the best form of natural health maintenance and improvement you can adopt.\nStructured alkaline antioxidant water contains greater concentrations of ionized H20 molecules which have been restructured through electromagnetic means in a way that creates a greater probability of physiologically desirable “cluster” sizes. This causes more free electrons to be available in the water as well as greater hydration potential. The “free” electrons can act as antioxidants while the six sided or “hexagonal” water molecule clusters enhance the proper hydration of our cells. All of this results in many patients feeling a generalized sense of well-being and improved health when they drink alkaline antioxidant water. These 6-sided clusters found in ionized, structured, alkaline water appear to allow for the fastest internal rehydration possible.\nAlkaline antioxidant water is produced through means that favor the development of 6-sided water molecules resulting in what we call hexagonal water. Hexagonal water is water which has undergone hydrogen bonding which favors its peculiar structure and energy state. In water such as regular tap water or water from municipal water sources, you can get structures involving up to 12, 13, 16 or greater number of water molecules. Such water does not promote optimal health in the same way that hexagonally structured water does.\nAlkaline antioxidant water can increase the general efficiency of all systems of the body. There are many benefits to this. One of the benefits I appreciate most is that alkaline antioxidant water is many times more hydrating and better tasting that tap water. That's one of the greatest things I have identified because people will drink more water. It's smooth, refreshing, and satisfying.\nThe percentage of hexagonal units found in water, as well as their stability, appears to depend on a number of factors, including toxin levels, mineral content, motion, and energetic influences that water is exposed to. For example chlorine, fluoride, and many pollutants typically found in municipal water sources decrease the ability of water to form significant numbers of hexagonal units. Tap water typically has a very low percentage of these structures. By switching from tap water to alkaline antioxidant water, one may greatly improve the functioning of the body by supplying it with truly rejuvenating, clean, healthy water.\nThe hexagonal water affects health by improving the body's ability to use the water effectively. With alkaline antioxidant water, the water is also purified. Substances commonly added to municipal water, such as chlorine, are removed from alkaline antioxidant water before the water is consumed. The alkaline antioxidant water processor removes many harmful toxins from drinking water for good.\nWater is a very dynamic substance. When we take the water through the ionization process, we cause changes that occur in a fraction of a second. We create an energetic effect which causes the water to be structured in a way that improves the body's ability to use the water optimally and maximize the benefits of the water.\nYou get better interaction from vital enzymes, vitamins, structural, and antioxidant molecules because all of these substances operate in a water environment. The better the quality of the water, the better it is for the body.\nThe effects of this may be seen in many ways including improved sleep, enhanced sense of well-being, better exercise endurance, improved elimination of cellular wastes, clearer thinking, increased overall hydration, less discomfort, better skin health, and enhanced overall health.\nPeople are able to produce alkaline antioxidant water in the comfort of their own homes. Some of the processors used to produce alkaline antioxidant water offer a filtration system that is 50 percent better than what is used in hospital or compounding pharmacies today.\nAlkaline antioxidant water is nature's best. It's the kind of water you find flowing freely from many of the world's best natural springs.\nModern lifestyle, diets, and pollution promote acidic metabolism in the typical individual. Having a mild and harmless alkaline influence in the form of water can go a long way in buffering and protecting one's health against the harmful chronic effects of an acidic metabolism. Alkaline antioxidant water can help you resist disease and slow the aging process. In the body, alkaline water helps to buffer a chronic state of acid stress.\nThis improves the body's ability to maintain good health and proper overall functioning. Therefore we would expect to observe the helpful benefits of increased ionization and alkalinity in a combination which would include the effects of antioxidants, the micro clustering of the water, the alkalinity of the water, and the improved taste and texture of the water.\nPeople often ask me if there is any instance in which the alkaline antioxidant water would be less than beneficial. Individuals with cervical spinal stenosis should not drink alkaline antioxidant water.\nIf you are a normal individual, I sincerely do not think you could drink too much properly produced alkaline antioxidant water. You should start out with alkalinity at near neutral levels then gradually increase the alkalinity as your body demonstrates tolerance to the alkaline antioxidant water. I have been watching peoples' reactions to alkaline antioxidant water for months and I have not seen anyone have a problem except two patients with cervical stenosis.\nIf a person starts out slowly and follows the basic guidelines, as well as consults one's physician if he or she is on any type of medication, I believe the water will offer very good and beneficial results. I advise most people to drink about six glasses per day. I believe the proper use of alkaline antioxidant water is the single most important thing that one can do for his or her health.\nDr. Raymond Dent states - “Alkaline antioxidant water can help you resist disease and slow the aging process.” - and also, “Alkaline antioxidant water is nature's best. It's the kind of water you find flowing freely from many of the world's best natural springs.”\nI have been partaking of this water for a little over a month, and can testify to 4 areas of distinct improvement in my health. As many of you know, I turn 87 next month, and need excellent health to finish an assignment in the production of an Interlinear Greek New Testament. Jim Watt", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.vivahealthpharmacy.com/comprehensive-guide-to-cold-sores/", "date": "2024-04-23T08:49:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818468.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423064231-20240423094231-00048.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8944522142410278, "token_count": 830, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__52415904", "lang": "en", "text": "Welcome to the Viva Health Pharmacy blog! We’re here to provide you with reliable information about various health topics. In this post, we’ll delve into the world of cold sores—what they are, how they can manifest in different areas, their connection to COVID-19, effective remedies, and the best cold sore medicines. At Viva Health, we understand the discomfort and inconvenience cold sores can cause, and we’re committed to helping you find the best solutions.\nUnderstanding Cold Sores:\nCold sores, also known as fever blisters, are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). They typically appear as small, fluid-filled blisters on or around the lips but can also occur inside the mouth, on the tongue, and even on the nose. Cold sores are highly contagious and can be triggered by factors like stress, weakened immune systems, and exposure to sunlight.\nSome Variations of Cold Sores:\n- Cold Sores on the Lips: The most common location for cold sores. They start as tingling or itching sensations before developing into clusters of blisters.\n- Intraoral Cold Sores: These occur inside the mouth, including the gums and the roof of the mouth. They can be painful and might be mistaken for canker sores.\n- Cold Sores on the Tongue: Cold sores on the tongue can be uncomfortable, causing difficulty in eating and speaking.\n- Cold Sores on the Nose: Although less common, cold sores can also develop on or around the nostrils, causing discomfort and pain.\nCold Sores and COVID-19: Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, you might be wondering about the relationship between cold sores and the virus. While cold sores are caused by HSV, COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, both conditions can weaken the immune system, potentially making individuals more susceptible to various infections. It’s important to follow health guidelines to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and manage cold sores effectively.\nHow to Get Rid of Cold Sores Fast:\n- Keep the Area Clean: Gently cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water to prevent secondary infections.\n- Over-the-Counter (OTC) Creams: OTC creams containing antiviral ingredients like docosanol can help shorten the healing time and alleviate symptoms.\n- Topical Antiviral Ointments: Prescription ointments containing antiviral agents like acyclovir or penciclovir can speed up healing if applied at the first sign of a cold sore.\n- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage the discomfort associated with cold sores.\nBest Cold Sore Medicines:\n- Abreva: An FDA-approved OTC cream containing docosanol, which can help reduce healing time and alleviate symptoms.\n- Valtrex: A prescription antiviral medication that can be effective in treating cold sores when taken as directed by a healthcare professional.\n- Zovirax Cream: This cream contains acyclovir and can be applied directly to cold sores to help speed up healing.\nCold sores can be both physically uncomfortable and socially distressing. At Viva Health Pharmacy, we’re dedicated to providing you with the information you need to understand cold sores and their variations. Remember that prevention is key, and maintaining a healthy immune system can go a long way in minimizing cold sore outbreaks. If you’re experiencing persistent or severe cold sores, don’t hesitate to consult a healthcare professional. Stay informed, stay healthy, and count on Viva Health for all your wellness needs.\nDISCLAIMER: This blog post is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with your pharmacist or a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment of any health condition.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://ihuman.shanghaitech.edu.cn/index.php/Index/details/catid/41/id/43.html", "date": "2022-08-08T14:14:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570827.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808122331-20220808152331-00165.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9156160354614258, "token_count": 275, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__117240667", "lang": "en", "text": "June 8, 2018 - The iHuman research paper “Crystal Structure of the Human Cannabinoid Receptor CB1” has been selected as the “Best of Cell 2017”, which celebrates editors’ and readers’ favorites of ground-breaking research published in Cell.\nIn this Cell paper, the team of scientists led by the iHuman Institute of ShanghaiTech University determined and analyzed the high-resolution structure of human cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), which is the most highly expressed G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the human central nervous system and is the target of one of the longest used herbs in human history. In this study, the scientists presented the 2.8 ? crystal structure of human CB1 in complex with AM6538, a stabilizing antagonist with a long half-life and is potentially useful in the treatment of addiction disorders. The structure of the CB1-AM6538 complex reveals key features of the receptor and critical interactions for antagonist binding. In combination with functional studies and molecular modeling, the structure provides insight into the binding mode of naturally occurring CB1 ligands, such as THC, and synthetic cannabinoids.\nThis work will enhance our understanding of the molecular basis for the physiological functions of CB1 and provides new opportunities for the design of next-generation CB1-targeting pharmaceuticals.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://dotzourfamily.com/?p=2793", "date": "2018-02-20T23:35:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891813109.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20180220224819-20180221004819-00317.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9724876880645752, "token_count": 1060, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__189112707", "lang": "en", "text": "An update for the raspberry this week\nHere’s the update I got today: Your baby isn’t much bigger now than last week in actual size — another quarter inch at most — but that’s almost double what he was last week. He’s now\nthe size of a raspberry. If you had a window into your womb, you’d notice his eyelids forming, the tip of his nose developing, and his distinct, slightly webbed fingers and toes.\nYour baby still appears to have a small tail (actually, it’s an extension of his tailbone), which will disappear in the next few weeks. But that’s the only thing getting smaller. Now almost half an inch long — roughly the size of a raspberry — he\nhas elbow joints and distinct, slightly webbed fingers and toes. In his oversized head, both hemispheres of his brain are developing. His teeth and the inside of his mouth are forming, and his ears continue to develop. Eyelid folds partially cover his tiny peepers, which already have some color, and the tip of\nthat nose you’ll be tweaking someday is emerging. His skin is paper-thin and his veins are clearly visible.\nYour little one also has an appendix and a pancreas, which will eventually produce the hormone insulin to aid in digestion. His liver is busy producing red blood cells, and a loop of your baby’s growing intestines is bulging into his umbilical cord,\nwhich now has distinct blood vessels to carry oxygen and nutrients to and from his tiny body. You can’t feel his gyrations yet, but your baby is like a little jumping bean, moving in fits and starts around his watery home.\nthe raspberry is a grape!\nNine Weeks! (we think…)\nYour new resident is nearly an inch long — barely the size of a grape — and weighs just a fraction of an ounce, but he’s poised for rapid weight gain now that his basic physical structure is in place. He’s also starting to look more and more human. His embryonic “tail” is now completely gone and his body parts — including organs, muscles, and nerves — are kicking into gear.\nHis eyelids are fused shut and won’t open until 27 weeks. He has earlobes, and by week’s end, the inner workings of his ears will be complete. His upper lip is fully formed, too, and his mouth, nose, and nostrils are more distinct. The tips of his\nfingers are slightly enlarged where his touch pads are developing. All major joints — his shoulders, elbows, wrists, knees, and ankles — are working, enabling your baby to move his limbs. As for his heart, it has divided into four chambers now, and the valves have started to develop. External sex organs are there, but won’t be distinguishable as male or female for another few weeks.\nThought you might enjoy seeing my weekly update on the the baby. It’s my friday morning treat:) Well, that and a peppermint steamer and an almond scone. Have a great day! Althea\nIt’s a kumquat!\n10 weeks (estimated)… Our ultrasound is on Dec. 21, so hopefully we’ll have a better date (and a photo!) after that.\nYour baby’s started growing tiny fingernails and toenails and can now kick and swallow — pretty impressive for someone the size of a walnut. Within the next few weeks, your featherweight baby will more than double in size, from just over an inch to nearly 3 inches. At your next prenatal appointment, you may be able to hear her heart beating with a stethoscope-like instrument called a Doppler.\nYour baby is no longer an embryo! Though she’s barely the size of a kumquat — just an inch or so long, crown to bottom — and weighs less than a quarter of an ounce, she now has completed the most critical portion of her development. This is the beginning of the so-called fetal period, a time when the tissues and organs in her body rapidly grow and mature. Her vital organs — the liver, kidney, intestines, brain, and lungs — are now in place and starting to function (although they’ll continue to develop throughout your pregnancy). Her liver continues to make blood cells, and the yolk sac, which previously supplied these cells, is no longer needed and begins to disappear.\nDuring the next three weeks, your baby’s length will more than double to nearly 3 inches. Her head is proportionately smaller now than it was a few weeks ago, but it’s still almost half the length of her entire body. Her forehead temporarily bulges with her developing brain and sits high on her head; it will later recede to give her a more human appearance. Each day, more minute details — including tiny fingernails, toenails, and peach-fuzz hair.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.ladental.org/whats-new/224-paper-on-sleep-disordered-breathing", "date": "2018-05-21T03:52:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794863923.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20180521023747-20180521043747-00071.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.902559220790863, "token_count": 402, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__156450568", "lang": "en", "text": "The Relationship Between Pediatric Sleep Disordered Breathing and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder\nDr. Buddy Donaldson\nDual Trained Specialist in Pediatric Dentisty and Orthodontics\nBoard Certified in Orthodontics\nADA, LDA, and Acadiana District Dental Association Member\nThe physiologic role of oxygen for overall health is often underappreciated and underrated. The lack of or difficulty in receiving the proper amount of oxygen creates negative consequences as the human body does not physiologically respond positively to increased respiratory effort. If the roadblocks, bottlenecks, and chokepoints of labored breathing are removed or altered, it will result in improved daily functioning. The signs, symptoms, and phenotypic expressions of pediatric sleep disordered breathing (PSDB) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) are similar. It is the aim of this literature review to increase awareness of the connection between PSDB and AD/HD, and discuss available treatment options to reduce the effects of these two disorders.\nPediatric Sleep Disordered Breathing (PSDB)\nThe nasal airway begins at the nares and extends to the superior end of the trachea. (1) The oral airway begins at the lips and extends to the superior end of the trachea. When the flow of air is encumbered, it creates increased resistance, which results in a number of medical conditions. In the pediatric population, a condition known as PSDB may develop.\nPSDB is a broad term that encompasses multiple conditions that fully or partially attempt to define it. Some of these include obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which involves, snoring, hypopneas, apneas; upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS); and respiratory effort related arousals (RERAS); and respiratory disturbance index (RDI). There are other names associated with PSDB, depending on the author’s nomenclature system.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://f2pcbd.com/shop/deep-relief-roll-on/", "date": "2021-03-08T02:46:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178381803.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20210308021603-20210308051603-00457.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9390750527381897, "token_count": 650, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__78686978", "lang": "en", "text": "If you are seeking aid for constant, chronic suffering, it is time to consider a CBD oil roll-on for pain relief. F2P’s Deep Relief Roll-On combines the sweet, spicy scents of cinnamon and camphor. With a full-spectrum hemp extract and dozens of essential oils, it helps soothe and relax painful muscles without the medicinal smell of other roll-on pain relievers.\nWhether you are an athlete, suffering from arthritis, or would like to take a break from tight, tense muscles, this product is a game changer. Many customers toss the roll-on in their athletic bag, purse, or medicine cabinet for on-demand relief.\nWhat is CBD?\nCBD is a cannabinoid that is found in many plants. However, it is most often associated with cannabis. Unlike THC―the cannabinoid that gets activated when inhaling cannabis smoke or ingesting cannabis-laced treats, CBD does not cause any psychoactive effects. This is because of how the two compounds interact with the endocannabinoid system of the human body.\nTHC affects the brain’s receptors and helps produce dopamine and other neurochemicals that help induce feelings of pleasure. Whereas, CBD is not psychoactive and is seen by many scientists as more complex than THC.\nCBD can help regulate pain as well as reduce inflammation in the brain and nervous system. CBD oil, which is used in our roll-on products, is merely the result of extracting CBD from cannabis. There are many extraction methods, but they all typically end in oil of various viscosities.\nMany customers have found the benefits of CBD oil to be wide-ranging with its use having an impact on everything from pain to insomnia. CBD can prevent the body from absorbing a chemical compound called anandamide, which helps to regulate pain. By keeping anandamide in the bloodstream, CBD aids in reducing the feelings of pain.\nCBD’s ability to reduce inflammation can also provide relief to those who have insomnia and help boost some immune-system responses. Specifically, CBD oil reduces the suffering caused by any number of health issues, including:\n- Arthritis pain\n- Chronic pain\n- Drug withdrawal\n- Multiple sclerosis\n- Smoking cessation\n- Type 1 diabetes\nHow to Use\nFor muscle relief, either pre-workout or post-workout, remove the cap and apply the F2P CBD roll-on to the affected muscles or joints.\nFor those who have arthritis, apply the roll-on directly to pain spots.\nFor those dealing with lingering pain from a surgical procedure, apply directly to where the pain is worst.\nAfter application, gently massage the oil into your skin as the heat from your hands aids the absorption process.\nTry CBD Roll-on For Pain Relief\nAt F2P Industries, our Deep Relief Roll-On comes in 2 fl. oz. jar and contains 200 mg of full-spectrum hemp extract. In addition to this high-quality CBD oil, we also include dozens of essential oils to help the healing process and keep the product smelling good, too. Browse our online inventory to order your CBD roll-on today!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://keystonekeynote.com/2519/forum/the-world-today/behind-the-biontech-pfizer-and-moderna-vaccines/?print=true", "date": "2022-12-01T01:06:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710777.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20221130225142-20221201015142-00798.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.922943115234375, "token_count": 1383, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__132134539", "lang": "en", "text": "Prior to the pandemic, the fastest vaccine to be developed was the 1967 mumps vaccine, taking a grand total of four years. Flashforward to November 2020 — BioNTech and Pfizer shattered records with their announcement of the first vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus(14), developed in less than a year. Shortly after, Moderna announced their development of the vaccine. The speed at which these biotechnology companies developed their vaccines can be traced to the use of novel cutting-edge mRNA technology.\nThe mRNA vaccine takes use of one specific part of the SARS-CoV-2 virus: the spike protein, allowing the virus to enter the cells of the host organism. When injected into the body on its own, the spike protein is harmless. However, the organism’s host cells will recognize the spike protein as a foreign threat and immediately launch an immune response, teaching the body how to fight the virus as a whole.\nWithin the spike protein, the vaccine uses the genetic information encoded in its mRNA, delivered through a lipid nanoparticle. The lipid nanoparticle is a phospholipid bilayer(1) that wraps around the mRNA to act as a vehicle or transport mechanism for the virus into the host cell. Acting as a vesicle, the lipid nanoparticle fuses with the cell of the host organism, pushing the mRNA into the host cell. The mRNA uses the host cell’s ribosomes(2), located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum(3), to help assemble proteins through the process of translation. The newly produced proteins then express themselves upon the cell membrane as either the MHC-I protein(4) or the MHC-II(5) protein. The MHC-I protein is found on all nucleated cells of the body, however, the MHC-II protein is solely found on antigen-presenting cells: the B-cells(11), macrophages, and dendritic cells. When expressed on the host cell, the proteins attract immune cells such as the TH Cell (T-Helper Cell)(6), which has a membrane protein that interacts with TCR(7), a viral antigen, and the CD4 protein(6), which interacts with the MHC-II Complex. Once the interactions occur, the T-Cell becomes activated and it starts to release cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, and IL-5(8). These interleukins (IL) signal the B-cell to proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells which develop and change due to released cytokines. The plasma cells then start to make antibodies that are directed against the spike protein on the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Once the antibody binds to the spike protein of the virus, the virus is either neutralized, or its destruction is enhanced. In addition, interactions between the MHC-I complex, the T-C Cell (Cytotoxic Cell)(9), and the CD-8 protein(10) release cytokines that destroy host cells if infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the future, while releasing cytokines that amplify the immune response of the B-cell’s(11) proliferation(12) to plasma cells(13).\nFinding a vaccine was a turning point for the pandemic, but the pandemic might also be a turning point for vaccines. The vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna employ groundbreaking methods to elicit an immune response. While these vaccines will make a large impact on the battle against COVID-19, their real impact is only just beginning. A vaccine that employs mRNA technology to send specific instructions to host cells opens up a whole new world of vaccine technologies and disease treatments. In the future, scientists and researchers alike hope to develop this technology to use against maladies such as cancer and HIV.\n1 phospholipid bilayer: a continuous two layer barrier that surrounds all cells. It acts as a gate that allows certain molecules to enter into a cell, while barring others.\n2 ribosomes: the protein-producing organelle of the cell, found either in the cell’s cytoplasm or rough endoplasmic reticulum.\n3 rough endoplasmic reticulum: located near the cell’s nucleus, houses the ribosomes which produce proteins.\n4 MHC-I protein: one of two classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and are found on the cell surface of all nucleated cells in the bodies of vertebrates.\n5 MHC-II protein: one of two classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and are found on the cell surface of all antigen-presenting cells; important in initiating immune responses.\n6 TH-Cell (T-Helper Cell): also known as CD4+ cells, are a type of T-cell that play an important role in the immune system, particularly in the adaptive immune system as they are required for almost all adaptive immune responses.\n7 TCR (T-Cell Receptor): a protein complex found on the surface of T cells that are responsible for recognizing antigens bound to MHC molecules.\n8 IL-2 (Interleukin-2), IL-4 (Interleukin-4), IL-5 (Interleukin-5): types of cytokine signaling molecules in the immune system.\n9 T-C Cell (Cytotoxic Cell): a type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that kills damaged cells — cancer cells, cells infected with viruses, etc.\n10CD-8 protein: protein (binded to a carbohydrate) that is a co-repector for the T-Cell Receptor (TCR); plays a role in T-cell signaling and aiding with cytotoxic T-cell-antigen interactions.\n11 B-Cell: a type of white blood cell that secretes antibodies useful for initiating immune responses.\n12 proliferation: to increase in number rapidly.\n13 plasma cells: white blood cells that originate in the bone marrow and secrete antibodies useful for initiating immune responses.\n14 SARS-CoV-2 virus: also known as Coronavirus or COVID-19", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://floridaanimalcare.com/diagnostictesting.html", "date": "2017-10-19T21:35:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187823478.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20171019212946-20171019232946-00755.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9135607481002808, "token_count": 606, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__166474912", "lang": "en", "text": "Florida Animal Care has the capability of performing a wide range of diagnostic tests in our hospital. This not only assists our Veterinarians in determining the cause of your pet's illness; it also gives us a wellness baseline of what your healthy pet's normal blood values are.\nOur extensive in-house laboratory allows us to have results of many different blood tests in a short period of time. We are equipped to run a Complete Blood Count, which gives us red and white blood cell counts to look for things such as underlying infection or anemia. Our Chemistry machine evaluates kidney and liver function as well as electrolytes. We can also run a Urinalysis, test Pancreatic function, and test for Heartworm Disease, Tick-borne diseases, and Intestinal Parasites. For more in-depth, extensive testing we use an outside laboratory and often have results in less than 24 hours.\nRadiographs, or X-rays, help our veterinarians evaluate musculoskeletal, cardiovascular (cardiopulmonary), gastrointestinal, reproductive and urinary systems. Our on-site equipment allows us to provide the images that assist in diagnosis and treatment in a timely manner. We utilize state of the art digital radiography (x-ray) equipment, which provides quicker, clearer and faster images than film x-ray. Like a digital photo, a digital radiograph can be manipulated after it is taken, allowing our team to highlight the image in ways that are not possible with traditional film x-ray. Digital Radiography is environmentally friendly because there are no chemicals to contaminate water systems and it decreases radiation exposure to your pet as images can be manipulated via a computer as opposed to having to take additional x-rays. We are also have the ability to use telemedicine in order to have consults with board certified radiologists.\nDigital dental radiography allows us to visualize the internal anatomy of your pet's teeth along with the roots and surrounding bone. This allows us to diagnose bone loss or hidden disease that may be present in the tooth roots and jawbone areas that may not have been visible during our thorough oral exam prior to the dental procedure.\nUltrasound is a non-invasive, state-of-the-art technology that uses sound waves to painlessly examine specific internal organs, primarily the heart and abdominal organs. As the sound waves travel into the body they return three dimensional images (length, width and depth) of certain internal organs allowing for depth dimension of the organ and good visualization of the edges of the organ. Ultrasound returns results in real time. Pregnancy exams utilizing ultrasound technology are also available.\nApplination tonometry allows us to measure intraocular pressure. This helps is diagnose glaucoma and other eye conditions.\nBlood pressure values produce a tremendous amount of useful information to the veterinarian. Florida Animal Care has both Doppler and oscillometric blood pressure measurement devices.\nWe accept Cash, Check, Visa, Master Card and Discover.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.socialmagazine.us/avoiding-a-low-salt-diet/", "date": "2024-04-15T03:02:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816939.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415014252-20240415044252-00774.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9607394337654114, "token_count": 932, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__93424850", "lang": "en", "text": "Salt, or sodium chloride, is essential for life. In fact, no mineral is more essential to human survival than sodium because it allows nerves to send and receive electrical impulses, helps your muscles stay strong, and keeps your cells and brain functioning. However, sodium chloride (salt) is a nutrient that the body cannot produce, and therefore it must be eaten.\nThe average American eats about 3,400 mg per day of sodium, according to The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. You may have heard that this is too much, but according to new research, it may actually be on the low side of the healthy range. A 2014 study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, tested sodium consumption in more than 100,000 people in 17 countries. The study found that the healthy range for sodium consumption was between 3,000 and 6,000 mg per day. Eating more than 7,000 mg per day of sodium increases your risk of death or cardiovascular incidents, but not as much as eating less than 3,000 mg per day. The low salt diet was significantly more harmful than the high salt diet.\nSalt has many health benefits.\nThe other component of salt, chloride, is also essential to survival and good health. It preserves acid-base balance in the body, aids potassium absorption, improves the ability of the blood to move harmful carbon dioxide from tissues out to the lungs and, most importantly, it supplies the crucial stomach acids required to break down and digest all the foods we eat.\nBecause the level of salt consumption is so stable, it is an ideal medium to use for fortifying other essential nutrients such as iodine. Iodized salt first produced in the U.S. in 1924 is now used by 75 percent of the world’s population to protect against mental retardation due to Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD). Iodine is an essential element in healthy human life, enabling the function of thyroid glands to produce needed hormones for proper metabolism. When children in the womb don’t get enough iodine from their mother, fetal brain development may be impaired. During pregnancy, iodine deficiency can cause a child to develop learning disabilities and mental retardation as well as developmental problems affecting his speech, hearing and growth.\nSalt is also a vital component of hydration. After exercise, it is critical to replace both water and salt lost through perspiration during exercise. That is why all athletes make sure they are consuming sufficient salt during and after a workout. Expectant mothers and seniors, in particular, need to guard against under-consumption of salt. Higher-salt diets have also been used successfully to combat chronic fatigue syndrome. Asthma sufferers, particularly in Eastern Europe, are often treated by having the person spend time in salt mines or salt caves. This is because the unique microclimate, containing ultrafine salt particles helps clear the lungs.\nLow salt diet myths\nLow salt diets can be especially harmful for the elderly. In older people, mild hyponatremia (low sodium concentration) is the most common form of electrolyte imbalance in the blood. Indeed, several recent medical papers found a direct relationship between hyponatremia and unsteadiness, falls, bone fractures and attention deficits. Elderly people on low salt diets often experience lack of thirst which leads to dehydration and they experience loss of appetite that leads to a host of health problems.\nFalls are one of the most serious problems for the elderly and about a third of people older than 65 fall at least once every year. Fall-related injuries in the elderly are associated with numerous psychological and physical consequences and are a leading cause of bone breakage and hip fractures, which can lead to complications and permanent disability or death. More than 5 percent of all hospitalizations in people older than 65 years are due to fall-related injuries. Sadly, the research shows that in assisted living facilities where almost all residents are given low-salt diets, the rate of falls and fractures are three times as great as in the normal home environment.\nSalt and life expectancy\nIt is well documented that the Japanese and the Swiss enjoy some of the longest life expectancy rates of anyone in the world. It is less known however, that they also have among the highest rates of salt consumption. A review of peer-reviewed medical research around the world indicates that if people were to actually consume the low levels of salt recommended in the U.S. Dietary Guidelines, they would put their health at risk. Fortunately, most Americans — including the elderly — when left to their own choice consume salt within the healthy range.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://whitedragonteas.co.uk/products/bai-mao-hou-%E7%99%BD%E6%AF%9B%E7%8C%B4", "date": "2022-07-06T15:35:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104675818.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220706151618-20220706181618-00596.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9336060881614685, "token_count": 215, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__122934483", "lang": "en", "text": "In the tea gardens in the WuYi Mountains, towards the end of March at the beginning of the new season's tea growth, the top two leaves and bud are picked from the tea bushes.\nThe tea leaves still have the 'hairy white down' on them and when steamed and dried they become a truly superb green tea, known as White Monkey Paw (白毛猴). This tea gained it's name as the dry leaf appearance is said to resemble the paw of a white haired monkey.\nOrigin: WuYi Mountains, Fujian Province, China\nElevation: Grown 2500 - 5000 ft above sea level.\nTea Variety: Camellia Sinensis var. Sinensis\nCultivar: Fuding Da Hao (福鼎大毫)\nBrewing Temperature: 60 - 85°C\nCaffeine Content: Approx. 20mg per cup\nAmount: 5g of tea leaves to 100ml of water\nSold in quantities of 100g", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nbs-uat.dynamics365portals.us/", "date": "2022-08-19T15:05:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00688.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8619755506515503, "token_count": 257, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__105948158", "lang": "en", "text": "You’re offline. This is a read only version of the page.\nWelcome to the NSQAP Participant Portal\nNewborn Screening identifies conditions that can affect a child's long-term health or survival. CDC's Newborn Screening and Molecular Biology Branch manages the Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP) to enhance and maintain the quality and accuracy of newborn screening results. The program provides training, consultation, guidelines, and dried blood spot proficiency testing and quality control materials to state public health laboratories and other laboratories responsible for newborn screening in the U.S. and many other countries.\nA2LA Accredited PT Provider\nCDC's Newborn Screening and Molecular Biology Braanch(NSMBB) has been granted ISO/IEC 17043 accrediation by the American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA). Please consult A2LA Certification #4190.01 for a listof accrediated NSMBB proficiency testing programs.\nIf you are interested in participating in this program, complete the Participant Request Form. Products and shipping are free for participating laboratories. Laboratories are responsible for the cost of required documentation, import fees, taxes, and other costs. Participants must report data for each product requested.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://globalmedssolution.com/product/iboga/", "date": "2021-04-21T08:48:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039526421.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20210421065303-20210421095303-00392.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.951647937297821, "token_count": 491, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__100826421", "lang": "en", "text": "OVERVIEW of Iboga\nTabernanthe iboga or simply iboga is a perennial rainforest shrub and psychedelic, native to western Central Africa. Iboga stimulates the central nervous system when taken in small doses and induces hallucinations in larger doses.\nIbogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive indole alkaloid found in plants in the Apocynaceae family such as Tabernanthe iboga, Voacanga africana and Tabernaemontana undulata. In the the iboga plant (Tabernanthe iboga), the highest concentration of ibogaine is found in the root bark. Lower concentrations of ibogaine are found in the rest of the plant along with other indole alkaloids in the same family.\nThese plants are used for medicinal and ritual purposes in African spiritual traditions of the Bwiti tribe in the Congo basin of Africa. It was first promoted in the West as having anti-addictive properties in 1962 by Howard Lotsof, a heroin addict himself. In France it was marketed as Lambarène and used as a stimulant. Additionally, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) studied the effects of ibogaine in the 1950s.\nToday, it is illegal in the United States as is considered a Schedule I drug. However, it’s available to varying degrees in many other countries, including Canada and Mexico, as well as several European countries. It’s primarily used in treating addiction for opiates and other highly-addictive drugs, though it is also becoming more common as a tool for personal and spiritual development. Recreational use of ibogaine is nearly non-existent.\nIbogaine simultaneously interacts with several neurotransmitter systems. Its highest affinity is for the sigma-2 receptor, while it has a moderate affinity for opioid receptors and moderate-to-low affinity for serotonin receptors.\nIt is metabolized by the body into noribogaine, which acts to increase the availability of serotonin in the brain.\nInteractions with other drugs\nIbogaine is metabolized in part by the awkwardly named enzyme cytochrome P4502D6. This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of a whole host of other medications and chemicals in the body, so it’s important to know which of these substances will interact with ibogaine prior to use.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.briannamariefoundation.com/2015/12/2015-john-hopkins-3-d-printer-grant-award/", "date": "2019-12-07T11:26:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540499389.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20191207105754-20191207133754-00387.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9412345886230469, "token_count": 281, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-51__0__55680250", "lang": "en", "text": "We are pleased to be a part of clinical trials for a new method of treating babies with spina bifida via fetal surgeries that will seek FDA approval to be used in the US. Spina bifida is a birth defect in which an area of the spinal column doesn’t form properly, leaving a section of the spinal cord and spinal nerves exposed through an opening in the back. One of the most common surgeries to correct this involves a surgery (laparotomy) where there is incision across the mother’s abdomen, the uterus is opened and a pediatric neurosurgeon returns the spinal cord to the spinal canal, and closes the surrounding tissue and skin over the defect to protect the spinal cord from exposure to the amniotic fluid. The uterus and the abdominal incision are then closed. Anytime the uterus is opened there is a significant risk to the mother and baby.The object of this study is to find a way to perform a similar surgery via fetoscopy (surgery that is minimally invasive where there are small incisions made and the fetus is not removed from the uterus) and different materials used as a safer option for mothers and babies. Working with Dr. Ruben Quintero and a world renowned lab we are funding the toxicity testing required to gain FDA approval to move onto the next phase of this trial. Results should be available in late 2016.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://breelynwilkymd.com/2018/06/07/asco-2018-updates-for-sarcomas/", "date": "2023-02-03T22:31:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500076.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20230203221113-20230204011113-00869.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9650759696960449, "token_count": 3563, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__83822803", "lang": "en", "text": "Just having returned from a particularly exhilarating annual ASCO meeting, I wanted to quickly share some of the most exciting results from the sarcoma sessions with all of you. Overall, this year revealed exciting advances in treatment of desmoid tumors, as well as PVNS. Additionally, we learned some important information about oral chemotherapy drugs including regorafenib (Stivarga) for osteosarcomas and liposarcomas, and got some great updates regarding immunotherapy for sarcomas. So grab a coffee or another favorite beverage, and I’ll walk you through the most important findings.\nRemember – progression means tumor growth greater than 20%, partial responses means tumor shrinkage greater than 30%, and stable disease means anything in between those two. Median progression-free survival means that for each patient, you measure how long it took for each patient to progress, and then take the number in the middle (like an average but slightly different). For example – if you have 5 patients:\nPatient 1: progressed in 3 weeks\nPatient 2: progressed in 6 weeks\nPatient 3: progressed in 9 weeks\nPatient 4: progressed in 5 weeks\nPatient 5: progressed in 2 weeks\nthe progression free survivals then are 2, 3, 5, 6, 9 weeks – so the median would be 5 weeks.\nPlacebo means a sugar pill.\nTo remind you, desmoid tumors are NOT cancer, but still aggressive tumors that cause pain, deformities, and interfere in quality of life for our patients. These tumors can be treated with a wide variety of drugs, including anti-inflammatories and anti-hormonal treatments, all the way up to intensive chemotherapies. We sometimes use oral chemotherapy drugs, including sorafenib (Nexavar), but no therapies are officially approved for desmoid tumors. In this year’s ASCO, the results of two clinical trials were presented that showed very promising results for two different oral chemotherapy drugs.\nThe first study was presented by Dr. Mrinal Gounder from Memorial Sloan Kettering. He reported the results of the Alliance trial where patients with desmoids were assigned to either sorafenib or placebo. Patient who received placebo were allowed to cross over to sorafenib if they progressed. Overall, 33% of patients who received sorafenib had desmoid shrinkage of greater than 30%. However what’s interesting is that in patients who had the placebo, 20% had shrinkage in their desmoids greater than 30%. This means that some patients will have their tumors shrink with no treatment – which is why we often recommend watching and waiting with no treatment for patients with desmoids that are not causing symptoms or are in places that are dangerous if they continue to grow. Now these measurements used size-based criteria, which is always unreliable in desmoids, as many desmoids will die and become inactive but not shrink very much. So they are still analyzing the patients using other methods to better capture benefit, so we’ll have to wait for that information.\nBecause of this, a better way to look at desmoids is using median progression-free survival – it took 11.3 months for half of the patients on placebo to progress – and in the sorafenib arm, only about 20% of patients had progressed by 36 months of follow up. So what this means is that so far it looks like the sorafenib is working very well in most patients to keep them from progressing, and with longer time in follow up we will understand better about how well the drug works.\nThe picture below may explain this better – these are survival curves, which show the percent of patients that are progression-free over time – the orange line shows the sorafenib patients and the blue line is the placebo patients. Sorafenib so far appears to be much much better!\nThe next trial that was presented was called DesmoPaz, from our friends in the French Sarcoma Group. In this study desmoid patients were assigned to either pazopanib, another oral chemo drug that we use for other types of sarcoma, or chemotherapy with methotrexate and vinblastine. The treatment lasted for one year whichever treatment the patients received, and then they were followed. In the patients who received pazopanib, 37% of patients had partial responses, compared to 25% of the chemotherapy patients. most of the remaining patients in the pazopanib group had benefit, with stabilization or shrinkage less than 30%, which again is important because of the size-based measurements that are not reliable for desmoids. The pazopanib at the full dose caused a lot of side effects, however even in sarcomas we usually reduce the dose for most patients, and many patients in this study also had the doses reduced. So again, pazopanib is another treatment option for stubborn desmoids that need to be treated.\nPVNS (or tenosynovial giant cell tumor)\nPVNS (pigmented villonodular synovitis) is another weird disease that is not cancer, but again there is overgrowth of the lining of joints, called synovium, due to a genetic mutation in a protein called CSF1. These patients develop bad arthritis in their joints, including knees, shoulders, and hips, and sometimes large bulky masses outside of the joints. When surgery can’t be done to remove the tumors they cause a tremendous amount of pain and function problems, and often can affect young people leading to early joint replacement surgeries. No approved treatments exist for PVNS although we sometimes use an oral chemo drug, imatinib (Gleevec) for patients when surgery is not possible.\nSo this study, ENLIVEN, was presented by Dr. William Tap from Memorial Sloan Kettering, and was a large trial run at many centers. Patients who were not candidates for surgery for PVNS were enrolled and assigned to either pexidartinib, an oral chemo pill that directly inhibits CSF1, or placebo. Patients assigned to placebo were allowed to cross over to get pexidartinib if their PVNS progressed. In patients who received pexidartinib, 39% of patients had tumors shrink more than 30%, including 9 out of 61 patients who had their tumors disappear completely! The rest of the patients had shrinkages less than 30%, with only ONE PATIENT who had their disease grow! In the placebo patients, there were NO patients who had more than 30% shrinkage. They also measured pain and range of motion of the joints which showed significant improvements as well. The only problem with this drug was that there were a small number of patients who had liver damage as a result of the drug, usually this went away with stopping the drug or dropping the dose, however this was the reason why the study was stopped early. This drug will be submitted for review at the FDA and I hope that it will be approved for our patients with PVNS. Stay tuned!\nRegorafenib for osteosarcomas and liposarcomas\nFirst, the REGOBONE study by French Sarcoma Group, presented by Dr. Duffaud. This is a large study investigating the oral blood-vessel blocking chemo drug regorafenib (Stivarga) for patients with four different types of bone sarcomas, including osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and chordomas. The results looked at 36 osteosarcoma patients who had progressed on standard chemotherapy, and then received either regorafenib or placebo. Patients assigned to placebo were allowed to cross over and receive regorafenib if they had growth of their tumors. Patients who received the sugar pill had progression (growth) of their disease at a median of 4.1 weeks – but those that got regorafenib had a median progression of 16.4 weeks!!! This is really important because to date, there are really very few effective treatments for osteosarcoma if regular chemotherapy doesn’t cure patients. So I will definitely consider regorafenib moving forward for my patients. It is not approved but we may be able to get insurance to cover it with these results, or through patient assistance programs.\nOn the other hand, we also saw the updated results for SARC024 study of liposarcoma patients who received regorafenib or placebo – unfortunately there were no responses (tumor shrinkages) and the progression-free survival for regorafenib patients was no different than receiving placebo. Not good for liposarcomas.\nAnlotinib for soft tissue sarcomas (including leiomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma)\nPhase III study from China, presented by Dr. Chi. This study enrolled 233 patients with a large number of different soft tissue sarcomas to either anlotinib, an oral chemo drug that blocks blood vessel growth, or placebo. The median progression-free survival was 6.27 months for patients receiving anlotinib compared to 1.47 months for patients receiving placebo. In particular, the drug performed very well for leiomyosarcomas and synovial sarcomas, with median progression-free survivals of close to 6 months. Additionally, they included a whopping 56 patients with alveolar soft part sarcoma (a super rare sarcoma type), and these patients did EXTREMELY well with anlotinib, with median progression-free survival of 18.2 months with anlotinib compared to just 3 months on placebo.\nThese results are particularly exciting because a clinical trial of anlotinib is going on now in the United States for these three types of sarcomas – Leiomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and ASPS – so this drug is available for patients here and hopefully the results will be just as good.\nUpdates in immunotherapy\nThere were several studies looking at immunotherapy, so I’ll just mention the ones that I think were most exciting.\nEngineered T cells for myxoid/round cell liposarcoma – apologies for omitting this in the initial post! For background, myxoid/round cell liposarcoma has a protein on the surface known as NY-ESO-1 in about 90% of patients. We can engineer T cells (our parent immune cells) to be specific for this protein, and then give them to patients along with chemotherapy, in hopes of boosting our immune response against these tumors. Sandra D’Angelo from Memorial Sloan Kettering presented the results from an ongoing study where patients with myxoid liposarcoma had their own T cells harvested from the blood, engineered for NY-ESO-1 and then given back. Out of 8 patients treated, 4 patients had partial responses, and 3 had stable disease! The 8th patient is not yet evaluable for response. These are very exciting results!!!\nThis trial is still accruing – link to study and sites here:\nPembrolizumab plus TVEC – this was a small study of 20 patients treated at Memorial Sloan Kettering. These patients had several different types of sarcomas with soft tissue nodules that could be injected. The tumors were injected with TVEC, which is a genetically modified virus that can kill tumor cells, and boost the immune system reaction within the tumor site, hopefully leading to the immune system being able to recognize and kill tumor cells floating around in the bloodstream or in other sites as well. These patients also received pembrolizumab, the immune boosting drug that blocks don’t-eat-me signals found on tumor cells or immune cells within tumors. 35% of the patients had tumor shrinkage of greater than 30%, with an additional 35% of patients having stable disease. The patients who benefitted included angiosarcomas on the skin, epithelioid sarcoma, and undifferentiated sarcomas. Now these sarcoma subtypes also can respond to pembrolizumab or related drugs alone, so we don’t know whether the virus added anything additionally, but it’s still very exciting to see.\nAxitinib plus pembrolizumab – I presented the results of our study combing the blood vessel blocking drug axitinib with the immune booster pembrolizumab. Out of 33 patients, 25% had their tumors shrink more than 30%. We enrolled 11 patients with ASPS on the study, and out of those patients, 54.5% had partial response, with another 18% of those had stable disease, with the responses lasting almost 2 years in the patients who have been on study the longest! We also had tumor shrinkages in two non-ASPS patients with leiomyosarcoma and epithelioid sarcoma which is very exciting. Overall, about 40% of the non-ASPS patients at least had stable disease or partial response which is encouraging. We will be expanding the study and enrolling more patients with ASPS so hopefully we will see if these results continue.\nSunitinib plus nivolumab – The IMMUNOSARC study is similar, combining the blood vessel blocker sunitinib with another immune boosting drug nivolumab, and the results from their first 14 patients. Excitingly, 42.8% of these patients have had tumor shrinkage, including patients with ASPS, clear cell sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and angiosarcoma. This combination was a little more toxic with drops in the immune cells that led to sepsis so the dose of sunitinib had to be dropped. More patients will be enrolled so will be exciting to see later results.\nGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)\nReally we had a lot of nice posters looking at recent research in GIST. There were updates for several trials, but the one that I think was most exciting is below:\nCurrent results of PLX9486 plus pexidartinib or sunitinib – As a reminder, most GIST grow because of mistakes (mutations) in the genetic code for KIT. When patients are first diagnosed, the most common place for the mutation to occur is exon 11 (like a mile marker along the highway.) These patients often respond to treatment with the KIT-blocker, imatinib, but over time most patients develop resistance to the drug, because their GIST develops NEW mistakes in other exons, like 13, 14, 17, and 18. This trial was designed to combine drugs together that would block these other resistance mutations. Dr. Andrew Wagner presented a poster looking at the results of this ongoing trial. The data presented looked at responses in patients treated with either 1) PLX9486 alone, 2) PLX9486 + pexidartinib, or 3) PLX9486 + sunitinib (Sutent). For patients treated with PLX9486 alone or PLX9486 + pexidartinib, the median progression-free survival was about 6 months, with over 60% of patients having at least stable disease on any of these therapies. There were only a few patients reported who had received the combination of PLX9486 + sunitinib, so we will have to wait a bit longer to see that data although it looked promising as well at this early time.\nAnd one more tidbit:\nSelinexor for liposarcoma\nSelinexor is a relatively new drug, that blocks a protein called exportin-1 whose job it is to shuttle proteins around tumor cells. The SEAL trial, presented by poster by Dr Gounder and colleagues was a Phase II trial of dedifferentiated liposarcoma patients treated with selinexor or placebo. The results of this study showed that patients on selinexor had about 5.5 months of medial progression-free survival with some clear evidence of tumor benefit, although like other sarcomas, size-based measuring is problematic. Lots of nausea but usually mild. So this trial is continuing but looks promising. The trial is continuing with a Phase III portion available for patients.\nIt’s impossible to summarize all of the incredible information that was presented at ASCO, but I think these were the most critical studies to report to you. I’m sure I’ve forgotten something critical but will be sure to post updates if I receive feedback!\nOf course, after all the meetings we had to make sure that our oncologists, nurses, and hard-working research staff had time to recover and celebrate, so here’s a picture from the annual Sylvester Miami Nights celebration. Amazing times! Looking forward to ASCO 2019.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://clearclinic.com/new-research-in-fight-against-acne/", "date": "2024-04-17T22:05:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817181.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417204934-20240417234934-00387.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.938306987285614, "token_count": 217, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__74986365", "lang": "en", "text": "There’s new research in the treatment of acne vulgaris (commonly referred to as plain old acne). Researchers at UCLA found a virus called a bacteriaphage (also know as phage) that kills the P. acnes bacteria that lead to acne breakouts. P. acnes is the bacteria responsible for causing acne, it lives in the skin’s pores and thrives amongst dead skin cells and sebum oil. Phages act as an antidote to the P. acnes bacteria and actually kill the P. acne\nAntibiotics, in combination with other therapies, such as blue light therapy and Isolaz acne therapy, are the most trusted way to effectively clear the skin. In the future, there might be a way to treat and cure acne with topical creams containing phage virus. But for now, we recommend what is proven to fight and treat acne now, that includes a skin care regimen prescribed to you by a Clear Clinic dermatologist, along with laser and light treatments, chemical peels and a healthy diet low in sugar.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cover9ja.com/before-ketogenic-stop-read/", "date": "2020-01-23T06:34:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250608295.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20200123041345-20200123070345-00049.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9620115756988525, "token_count": 534, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__206563652", "lang": "en", "text": "Ketogenic diet has been widely embraced by weight watchers considering the number of reviews from different online platforms. But if you’re reading this piece and still don’t know what Ketogenic diet means, I would spare a few paragraphs elucidating you on what it entails.\nThe Ketogenic diet is a low-carbs, high-fat, and protein diet. This involves reducing to the barest minimum intake of carbs while substituting it with fat. It is however regarded as ketosis (medical term) which is the process of putting the body in a metabolic state.\nMost body cells would rather use blood sugar, which is generated from carbohydrate to maintain energy level in the body. However, in the absence of blood sugar from carbohydrate and other source, the body starts to breakdown reserved fat into molecules known as ketone bodies. In essence, majority of the cells in the body will make use of the ketone bodies as source of energy till we start consuming carbohydrate again.\nWeight loss happens to be the primary reason most people subscribe to the ketogenic diet. Although, there are other health benefits of ketogenic diet which includes, improved blood sugar control and balanced cholesterol level.\nThere has been various debates from nutritionist, nurses, weight-watchers, dietitians and doctors if ketogenic diet is healthy. Some have also argued with the dietary advice of one-size-fits-all (if you want to watch your weight, go for Ketogenic diet). Researchers have expressed concerns based on their findings that the low-carb, high-fat diet as helpful to man is problematic.\nThe bold question lingers, is ketogenic diet healthy?\nThe general public are already keeping up on this tab without proper research or consulting their primary care physician. Adequate or substantial studies has not been carried out to validate all the claims thus far. Ketogenic diet is rich in fats and proteins which includes, eggs, meat, cheese, sausage, fish, nuts, butter, and oil. Red meat, fatty and processed meat are well known unhealthy food. Consuming these foods in large quantities poses health dangers.\nPeople living with diabetes need to consider the risk factor of consuming large quantities of egg and cheese which significantly increase the risk of heart disease. Also, patients with kidney issues need to be careful with ketogenic diet as it could intensify their condition.\nKindly share this article as it would help folks who already placed their dietary lifestyle based on people who had success with ketogenic diet. Because it is good for them doesn’t mean it is good for you.– Charles Chidiebere", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.jefflundgren.com/post/paradox-of-the-sympathetic-nervous-system-and-sex", "date": "2024-04-23T09:01:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818468.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423064231-20240423094231-00563.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9322655200958252, "token_count": 564, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__195668181", "lang": "en", "text": "The human body is a marvel of biological engineering, including the intricacies of sexual response. A key player in this process is the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which consists of two branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. These systems, while seemingly opposed, work in tandem to modulate sexual experience, but not without a fascinating paradox.\nThe Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System\nThe sympathetic nervous system, often associated with the \"fight or flight\" response, plays a surprising role in sexual desire. Its activation, contrary to what one might expect, can promote sexual desire. This is because sexual desire, at its onset, forms physiological curiosity as a motivator. The sympathetic system prepares the body for action, which, in this context, translates to the initiation of sexual desire.\nFor sexual activity to progress from desire to arousal and fulfillment, there's a need for a shift—a transition from the energy-driven sympathetic activation to a more relaxed state governed by the parasympathetic nervous system.\nThe Parasympathetic Nervous System and Its Role in Arousal\nThe parasympathetic nervous system is famously known for \"rest and digest\" functions. In the context of sexual activity, it translates to relaxation, which is essential for arousal and subsequent sexual performance. This shift facilitates increased blood flow, which is crucial for arousal and, for men and women, sexual activity.\nThe paradox lies in the shift between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. While the sympathetic system triggers desire, its prolonged dominance can hinder the relaxation necessary for arousal, which is regulated by the parasympathetic system. Therefore, striking a balance between these two systems is crucial for a satisfying and healthy sexual experience.\nNavigating the Paradox\nUnderstanding this paradox helps people navigate sexual health. Techniques like deep breathing, mindfulness, and relaxation exercises can help activate the parasympathetic response when this doesn't occur organically. Additionally, being cognizant of one's mental state before and during sexual activity can help in managing the balance between these two systems.\nThe Complications of PTSD\nThis balance, however, can be particularly challenging for individuals with PTSD. PTSD often involves a heightened sympathetic response, making it difficult for the body to shift into the relaxed state necessary for arousal. This can lead to frustration and a sense of disconnection during sexual activities. Therapy and specialized treatment focusing on managing PTSD symptoms and training the body to activate the parasympathetic response can be instrumental in overcoming these challenges.\nThe sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems play vital yet paradoxical roles in sexual health. While the former ignites desire, the latter facilitates arousal and completion. Understanding and managing this balance is helpful, especially for individuals with conditions like PTSD.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cbfv.sbfv.org.br/welcome/", "date": "2024-04-16T03:53:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817043.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416031446-20240416061446-00522.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.93740314245224, "token_count": 584, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__138537185", "lang": "en", "text": "Welcome to the XIX Brazilian Congress of Plant Physiology – Plant Physiology at the FRONTIERS: from optimal to stress conditions!\nThe XIX Brazilian Congress of Plant Physiology (in portuguese, Congresso Brasileiro de Fisiologia Vegetal – CBFV 2024) will be held at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State – Brazil from October 07th to 11th 2024, in the Academic-Cultural Space Fernando Sabino – UFV.\nThe purpose of the biennial Congress (CBFV 2024) is to provide a unique international forum for junior and senior academic researchers, professors, post and undergraduate students, and professionals who specialize in different fields of Plant Physiology, and others interested in the area.\nThis exciting Congress will facilitate the exchange of research results and ideas, bringing up-to-date and emerging concepts to the forefront. By offering about 25 presentations from worldwide recognized scientists coupled with two poster sessions and two round tables, this event will illustrate the dynamism and excellence of research in a field that is a major challenge for plant biology and agronomy, in the context of climate change.\nFollowing an initiative made by different plant physiologists from different regions of Brazil and supported by the Brazilian Society of Plant Physiology (https://www.sbfv.org.br/), this face-to-face meeting has occurred since 1987. It also allows direct and close interaction between researchers and students, a differentiating factor that must exist in such events.\nIt will be an excellent opportunity for both researchers and postgraduate and undergraduate students to update their current knowledge while simultaneously interacting with scientists who are producing knowledge and modifying the vision and concepts in the area. Despite being a national event, the CBFV 2024 has an international reach and is therefore held entirely in English.\nThe CBFV will feature 25 lectures by renowned plant physiology researchers from Brazil and abroad, invited due to their excellent work on innovative and disruptive topics. This five-day meeting will consist of 6 thematic conference sections, in addition to two poster sessions, awards, and social activities at the opening and closing of our event.\nTo allow timely registration and reduce the impact of the cost of participating in the event, we inform you that all registrations made until June 30, 2024, can be paid at reduced fees (especially for members supporting the Brazilian Society of Plant Physiology).\nWe count on your membership and participation to maintain this event as a high point for meeting and discussion of the plant physiology community in Brazil.\nOn behalf of the members of the Local Organizing Committee and the Brazilian Society of Plant Physiology we warmly invite you to Brazilian Congress of Plant Physiology 2024.\nWe look forward to seeing you all in person in Viçosa – MG, Brazil!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.evolutionvision.org/sperm-counting-chamber-5107983.html", "date": "2024-04-22T03:33:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818072.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422020223-20240422050223-00650.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9296958446502686, "token_count": 128, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__86481875", "lang": "en", "text": "The Shukratara-Sperm Counting Chamber is extensively utilized in sperm banks and other labs for counting the number of sperms from the undiluted semen specimen. The sperm count is required for procedures like andrology and IVF. It shows the accurate count of sperms without making any manual efforts. The depth of the Sperm Counting Chamber helps to eliminate blurring and allows free movement of sperms. It has the facility of self-controlled test to provide exact number. Further, the device is easy to use and can be re-used for several years by cleaning it after use.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://amyoes.com/2016/11/27/visbiome/", "date": "2019-08-18T20:22:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027313996.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20190818185421-20190818211421-00276.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9453123211860657, "token_count": 795, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__155648478", "lang": "en", "text": "I have been given [this product] as part of a product review through the Chronic Illness Bloggers network. Although the product was a gift, all opinions in this review remain my own and I was in no way influenced by the company.\nI’ve just had a chance to try a great new productive. And thankfully, it’s effective for an especially important purpose – to keep my insides healthy 🙂\nWhat is Visbiome™?\nEveryone knows that probiotics are important. Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts that are good for your health, especially your digestive system. We usually think of bacteria as something that causes diseases. But your body is full of bacteria, both good and bad. Probiotics are often called “good” or “helpful” bacteria because they help keep your gut healthy.\nI’m just tried a great product to help keep my gut healthy. I may have written a show called Gutless & Grateful, but keeping my insides healthy is extremely important for this body!!! Visbiome™ is a high potency probiotic medical food, containing 8 strains of live bacteria in concentrations of 450 billion bacteria per packet and 112.5 billion per capsule. That’s a lot of science talk, but basically it is a probiotic medical food to help you manage manage IBS, ulcerative colitis, pouchitis, and hepatic encephalopathy. This is medical FOOD, not a drug, so it’s natural and exactly what your body craves. Visbiome is a non-drug therapy that addresses distinct nutritional requirements, to promote microbial balance, in people with IBS, ulcerative colitis, pouchitis, and hepatic encephalopathy that a diet alone can’t manage. This medical food was exactly what I needed to start feeling better, with all of my GI issues.\nSo, these probiotics are actually live microorganisms that are extremely therapeutic for your body. They protect against harmful bacteria. I didn’t realize how important that was. Taking Visbiome made me feel so much better! The more I learned the more I realized that taking Visbiome could protect against:\n- Irritable bowel syndrome\n- Atopic Dermatitis\n- Allergic Rhinitis\n- And even a cold!\nHere’s why it worked for me…and why I feel good using it:\nWhat is the most important thing to know about Visbiome? It’s a a high potency probiotic medical food, containing 8 strains of live bacteria in concentrations of 450 billion bacteria per packet and 112.5 billion per capsule. Visbiomet intended for the dietary management of the IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), ulcerative colitis, of an ileal pouch and of IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) All it takes it going to Whole Foods to see all of the probiotics on the market, but what’s so special about Visbiome is that it contains the De Simone Formulation. While other probiotics claim their ability to perform, Visbiome-Probiotic is one of the most widely studied probiotics with over 60 published human clinical studies. Visbiome is being used in more than 20 trials worldwide. This is not a new product, which always makes me feel better.\nIt wasn’t long before I started feeling much more energized, healthy and vital. I’ve read for a long time that everyone should be taking probiotics, but Visbiome was the first probiotics I’ve taken where I could actually feel results. There is no “one” right probiotic for every person…but let me just say that I’ve tried MANY probiotics, and I can’t recommend Visbiome enough – for anyone and everyone!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pro.stoptb.org/news/stop-tb-partnership-pays-tribute-to-prof-don-enarson", "date": "2022-12-04T06:11:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710962.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20221204040114-20221204070114-00013.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9777311086654663, "token_count": 237, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__245988026", "lang": "en", "text": "The Stop TB Partnership is deeply saddened to learn about the passing of Prof. Don Enarson. He was an internationally known figure and one of Canada's foremost experts in tuberculosis (TB) control. His outstanding contribution to lung health and the fervent fight against TB is undisputable.\nProf. Enarson, who died last week, served as The Union's Director of Scientific Activities from 1991 to 2009. One of the most distinguished researchers and consultants in the field of lung health over the past several decades, Prof Enarson continued to serve as Adjunct Professor, the Department of Medicine at the University of Alberta.\nHe was well-known for his big heart and many selfless acts and, as a result, was much loved by all those who knew him. He will be remembered, among many other things, for his research on the epidemiological basis of TB and the public health approach to TB prevention and care; advocacy for, and implementation of, the epidemiological approach to disease control; and the mentoring of a generation of lung health experts and leaders around the world.\nOur thoughts go to his family and friends around the world with whom we share this profound loss.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.canids.org/PUBLICAT/AWDACTPL/1intro.htm", "date": "2013-12-07T01:22:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163052949/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131732-00035-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9230340123176575, "token_count": 4106, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__71971276", "lang": "en", "text": "The IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group's\nAfrican Wild Dog Status Survey and Action Plan (1997)\nLater chapters describe the current distribution and status of Africa's remaining wild dog population, and the threats faced by these populations, before recommending measures for their conservation.\nThere can be no doubt that African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) have declined over the last century, and this decline has accelerated in the last 30 years. They were once distributed through much of sub-Saharan Africa, apart from rainforest areas and deserts (Fanshawe et al. 1991; Monod 1928; Schaller 1972). Now, however, they have been extirpated from most of their range - they are extinct in most countries in West and Central Africa, and in the East and the South they are confined to a few areas where human population density remains low (Chapter 3). Today, Africa's wild dog population numbers between 3,000 and 5,500. Most populations outside - and sometimes inside - protected areas may still be declining. Wild dogs are rare compared with other high-profile species in Africa: there are about the same number of wild dogs as there are black rhinos (Diceros bicornis, ~3,000 remaining, Cumming et al. 1990), fewer wild dogs than cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus, 9-12,000 remaining, Nowell & Jackson 1996), and far fewer wild dogs than African elephants (Loxodonta africana, 100-130,000 remaining, Said et al. 1995).\nThe ultimate cause of wild dogs' decline has been a combination of persecution and habitat loss. Like other large predators, wild dogs do kill livestock under some circumstances, and have therefore been shot, snared and poisoned in most livestock areas (Chapter3). Worse still, they have been persecuted in the name of animal welfare and conservation. Wild dogs kill their prey by tearing it to pieces or disembowelling it (Kuhme 1965), and this earned them a reputation as cruel and bloodthirsty killers. Game managers' attitudes to them are exemplified by Bere's (1955) observation that they\n\"...hunt in packs, killing wantonly far more than they need for food, and by methods of the utmost cruelty... When the Uganda national parks were established it was considered necessary, as it had often been elsewhere, to shoot wild dogs in order to give the antelope opportunity to develop their optimum numbers. Fortunately only a few of these creatures have had to be destroyed and their number in the parks does not seem to be particularly large...\".\nThis last remark of Bere's points to a crucial aspect of wild dog ecology: they always live at very low densities, and are rare even where they live in large well-protected habitats with abundant prey (Chapter 4). This makes them unusually susceptible to habitat fragmentation. Growing human populations have caused wild dog habitat to become discontinuous, as large tracts of land have been taken over for livestock grazing and cultivation. As more people have colonized the land, wild dogs have been persecuted and their prey have been depleted. Wild dog populations have, therefore, become increasingly isolated in fragments of habitat with few human inhabitants. Since wild dogs live at such low densities, even the largest of these fragments could support only small populations, which are vulnerable to extinction (Soulé 1987). Worse still, wild dogs were persecuted inside national parks and game reserves, which represented some of the best remaining habitat. This combination of habitat fragmentation, persecution and prey loss explains wild dogs' dramatic decline across most of Africa. As a result of this process, today wild dogs persist only in countries with relatively low human population densities (Chapter 3).\nAlthough wild dog numbers have declined markedly, it is not too late to prevent their extinction. Viable populations remain in several countries in East and southern Africa and, with adequate protection, there is no reason why these populations should not persist. However, to conserve wild dogs we must understand the factors that have led their numbers to fall across Africa in the past, and determine the threats that might cause further decline or extinction in the future. If we can use this knowledge to halt wild dogs' decline, then we can prevent their extinction without the \"emergency\" measures that have been necessary for some other endangered carnivores (Caughley 1994; Clark 1994; May 1986; Phillips 1995).\nGiven wild dogs' current circumstances, this Action Plan has the following aims:\nThe Action Plan is structured to meet these aims. The remainder of this chapter concerns aspects of wild dogs' natural history that are crucial for understanding the threats they face, and the management options that are possible. Chapter 2 deals with genetic factors important in wild dog conservation, especially their taxonomy and the identification of sub-species. Chapter 3 describes the current status and distribution of wild dog populations across Africa. Chapter 4 outlines the threats faced by wild dogs, and Chapter 5 uses demographic modelling to assess the probability that any of these threats might contribute to the extinction of remaining populations. Chapter 6 draws upon this information to propose measures for the conservation of free-ranging wild dog populations, and Chapter 7 discusses the rôle that captive wild dogs might play in this effort. Chapter 8 describes the additional research that is needed to allow us to refine our strategies for wild dog management. Chapter 9 summarizes the recommendations of Chapters 7 and 8 to propose actions for wild dog conservation in each range state.\nThe Action Plan also has four appendices. Some of the tactics that we discuss for wild dog conservation involve vaccination against infectious diseases, and immobilization for radio-collaring. Such procedures have been the subject of considerable controversy and we have, therefore, included a full discussion of this issue in Appendix 1. Appendix 2 provides details of some techniques used in current research projects on wild dogs, which may be of use to people directly involved with the management of wild dog populations. Appendix 3 is a list of contributors to this Action Plan, and Appendix 4 gives a detailed bibliography of publications concerning wild dogs.\nMany of the problems faced by wild dogs stem from basic features of their natural history. Here we discuss aspects of wild dog biology which are important in understanding the reasons for their decline, and in devising plans for their conservation.\nWild dogs mostly hunt medium-sized antelope; their principal prey in several parts of Africa are summarized in Table1.1. They will chase larger species, such as eland and buffalo, but rarely kill such prey (Creel & Creel 1995; Ginsberg 1992). Wild dogs also take small prey such as hares, lizards and even eggs (Creel & Creel 1995; Ginsberg 1992), but these probably make a fairly small contribution to their diet.\nWild dogs do take livestock in some areas, but this is a fairly rare occurrence. In and around the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, wild dogs ignored livestock (Fanshawe 1989; Fuller & Kat 1990), and in one case in Zimbabwe they ran through a paddock of calves to chase a kudu in the neighbouring paddock (Rasmussen 1996). The only study of wild dog depredation on livestock found that the dogs took far fewer cattle than the farmers believed (Rasmussen 1996). Nevertheless wild dogs can occasionally become a severe problem for livestock, especially smaller stock such as sheep and goats (Chapter4).\n|Table 1.1 Principal prey taken by wild dogs in various study sites across Africa. The proportions of prey taken in Serengeti were calculated from data presented in Fanshawe & FitzGibbon (1993); all other data were presented by wild dog atending the IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group's Workshop on the Conservation & Recovery of the African wild dog, held in Arusha, Tanzania, in 1992. Data from Hwange provided by J.R.G., data from Kruger provided by M.G.L. Mills, data from Masai Mara provided by P.Kat, data from Moremi provided by J.W.McNutt, data from Namibia provided by L.Scheepers, data from Selous provided by S.Creel, data from Zambia provided by F. Munyenyembe.|\n|Study site||Preferred prey|\n|Hwange National Park, Zmbabwe||impala (60%)||kudu (30%)||reedbuck (2%)|\n|Kruger National Park, South Africa||impala (52%)||kudu (12%)||reedbuck (15%)|\n|Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya||Thompson's gazelle (67%)||impala (17%)||wildebeest (8%)|\n|Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana||impala (85%)||kudu||lechwe|\n|Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania||impala (69%)||wildebeest (11%)||reedbuck (3%), warthog (3%)|\n|Serengeti National Park, Tanzania||Thompson's gazelle (57%)||wildebeest (40%)||Grant's gazelle, zebra|\nWild dogs are intensely social animals, spending almost all of their time in close association with one other. Packs may be as small as a pair, or number as many as 27 adults and yearlings (M.G.L. Mills, pers. comm., R.Burrows 1993, Fuller et al. 1992a) - average pack compositions for various study sites are summarized in Table1.2. Packs are formed when small same-sex sub-groups - usually siblings - leave their natal groups and join up with other sub-groups of the opposite sex. Thus, in newly-formed packs the females are closely related to one another, but not to the males, and the males are closely related to one another, but not to the females (Burrows 1995; Frame et al. 1979; Fuller et al. 1992a). Young born into such packs may remain there, or disperse as yearlings or young adults to form new packs.\n|Table 1.2 Pack compositions of wild dogs in various study sites across Africa. Data for Hwange, Kruger, Masai Mara, Moremi and Serengeti are from Fuller et al. (1992a), and data from Selous are from Creel & Creel (1995).|\n|Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe||5 packs||7.8||3.2||5.4|\n|Kruger National Park, South Africa||8 packs||4.8||2.1||5.8|\n|Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya||6 packs||4.2||4.0||8.8|\n|Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana||8 packs||4.3||2.5||8.3|\n|Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania||6 packs||7.7||4.3||6.3|\n|Serengeti National Park, Tanzania||7 packs||6.6||6.0||11.2|\nMembers of wild dog packs hunt cooperatively. By hunting together, they can capture prey much larger than themselves which would not otherwise be accessible to them. Wild dogs weigh 20-25kg, but their prey average around 50kg, and may be as large as 200kg (Creel & Creel 1995; Malcolm & van Lawick 1975).\nWild dog hunts are almost always preceded by a ?social rally' which is believed to coordinate the pack in preparation for hunting (Estes & Goddard 1967; Kuhme 1965). Once prey sight the dogs, they may flee, or stand and defend themselves alone or as a herd (Creel & Creel 1995; Kuhme 1965). During chases, wild dogs may run at speeds of up to 60km/h, and are specially adapted to deal with the heat stress that this involves (Taylor et al. 1971). During such chases, wild dogs are spaced around the running prey so that a member of the pack can intercept the quarry as it turns. After this dog has made the first grab, other pack members cooperate to drag the quarry to a halt (Creel & Creel 1995; Estes & Goddard 1967; Kuhme 1965).\nOnce the quarry has been brought to bay, one or a few dogs may distract it from the front, while others attack from behind and begin to disembowel it (Kuhme 1965). Alternatively, one pack member may restrain the head of the prey by biting its nose, and holding on while the others make the kill (Creel & Creel 1995; Malcolm & van Lawick 1975). When hunting ungulate calves, some members of a wild dog pack may distract the mother while the remainder attack her calf.\nAs a result of such cooperative hunting, each pack member has a higher foraging success (measured as kg killed per km chased) than it would if it hunted alone (Creel & Creel 1995). Larger packs are also better able to defend their kills against scavenging hyaenas (Fanshawe & FitzGibbon 1993).\nIn most wild dog packs, a single dominant female is the mother of all the pups, although two or even three females may breed on some occasions (Fuller et al. 1992a). However, all pack members are involved in caring for the pups (Frame et al. 1979; Malcolm & Marten 1982; van Heerden & Kuhn 1985). Such additional care is vital if pups are to survive: packs rarely manage to raise any pups if they contain fewer than four members (S.R. Creel pers. comm.).\nThe pups are born in a den, where they remain for the first three months of life. The mother is confined to the den during early lactation, and relies on other pack members to feed her at this time. Wild dogs deliver food to the mother by regurgitation; later on, they regurgitate to the pups as well (Malcolm & Marten 1982). Some pack members also ?babysit' the pups, and chase predators away from the den (Malcolm & Marten 1982).\nPerhaps because so many helpers are available to assist with pup care (Creel & Creel 1991), wild dogs' litters are enormous: litters number 10-11 pups on average and occasionally contain as many as 21 pups (Fuller et al. 1992a). Pup mortality may be high, however. There is some evidence to suggest that more pups survive in packs where there are more helpers to assist with their care, but this is certainly not always the case (S.R. Creel pers. comm., Burrows 1995; Fuller et al. 1992a; Malcolm & Marten 1982).\nAs well as a dominant, breeding female, each pack also has a dominant male (Frame et al. 1979; Malcolm & Marten 1982). Both mating behaviour and genetic analysis indicate that the dominant male fathers most (but not all) of the pups (D.Girman pers. comm., Malcolm & Marten 1982). However, dominant males are usually no more assiduous in caring for the pups than are other males in the pack (Malcolm & Marten 1982).\nSince wild dog females cannot breed without assistance, in most cases the pack, rather than the individual, should be considered the basic unit within the population.\nWild dogs have enormous home ranges (Table1.3), much larger than would be expected on the basis of their body size (Gittleman & Harvey 1982). Packs are confined to relatively small areas when they are feeding young pups at a den, but outside the denning period they are truly nomadic. For example, in Serengeti home ranges were 50-260km² during denning, but 1,500-2,000km² at other times (Burrows 1995), and a pack in Kruger ranged over 80km² when denning, but 885km² after denning (Gorman et al. 1992).\n|Table 1.3 Home ranges of wild dogs in various study sites across Africa. Data for Aitong are from Fuller & Kat (1990), data from Hwange, Kruger, Moremi and Serengeti are from Fuller et al. (1992a), and data from Selous are from Creel & Creel (1995).|\n|Study site||Sample||Home range size|\n|Aitong, near Masai Mara, Kenya||1 pack||659 km²|\n|Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe||4 packs||423 km² (range 260-633 km²|\n|Kruger National Park, South Africa||20 packs||553 km² (ran ge 150-1,110 km²)|\n|Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana||9 packs||617 km² (range 375-1,050 km²)|\n|Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania||6 packs||438 km² (range 620-2,460 km²)|\n|Serengeti National Park, Tanzania||5 packs||1,318 km² (range 620-2,460 km²)|\nThe home ranges of different wild dog packs may overlap considerably, but they rarely enter one anothers' core areas and so their ranges are, to some extent, exclusive (Fuller et al. 1992a). As a result, wild dogs' large home ranges translate into very low population densities (Table1.4). The reasons why wild dogs live at such low densities are not clear, but several studies indicate that their numbers are rarely limited by the availability of ungulate prey (Creel & Creel 1996; Fuller et al. 1992a; Mills & Biggs 1993). This issue is discussed in detail in Chapter 4.\n|Table 1.4 Population densities of wild dogs in various study sites across Africa. Data for Aitong are from Fuller & Kat (1990), data for Hluhluwe, Hwange, Selous and Serengeti are from Creel & Creel (1996), and data for Kruger are from Mills & Biggs (1993).|\n|Study site||Population density (adults/100 km²)|\n|Aitong, near Masai Mara, Kenya||2..6-4.6|\n|Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Park, South Africa||3.3|\n|Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe||1.5|\n|Kruger National Park, South Africa||2.0|\n|Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania||4|\n|Serengeti National Park, Tanzania|\nEven wild dog packs which inhabit protected areas may travel extensively outside the reserve borders - where they encounter human activity and threats such as roads, snares and livestock farmers likely to persecute them (Chapter 4). Wild dogs dispersing away from their natal packs range even more widely - they have been followed for hundreds of kilometres (Fuller et al. 1992b) and single wild dogs, or single-sex groups, are occasionally reported from countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda, where there has been no resident wild dog population for some years (Chapter3).\nIn this chapter, we have outlined the background to the problems faced by wild dogs today, and given brief details of their natural history. An important conclusion is that the pack, rather than the individual, should be considered the basic unit of wild dog populations.\nThe next chapter will discuss wild dog taxonomy and other aspects of wild dog genetics important in their conservation.\nReturn to Wild Dog Action Plan Table of Contents, AWD Species Account, CSG Publications or CSG Home Page.\n© 1997 International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.ci.auburn.in.us/blog/wpc-provides-important-community-service/", "date": "2018-08-19T07:51:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221214713.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20180819070943-20180819090943-00679.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9580460786819458, "token_count": 881, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-34__0__109634937", "lang": "en", "text": "When Dave Lochner started working at the City of Auburn’s Water Pollution Control (WPC) Department two days after graduating from high school, he had no idea that he was embarking on what would become a lifelong career as a civil servant.\nLochner joined the WPC Department in 1972 as a plant operator. From the beginning, he learned all facets of wastewater treatment and operations.\n“I learned everything to do with the wastewater plant—from fixing pumps to conducting lab tests. I understood it all so I could plug in anywhere I was needed,” he shares.\nLochner served in that role for 10 years before becoming WPC superintendent—a role he’s held for 35 years now. What has kept him there is the importance of what the WPC Department does on a daily basis.\nThe Importance of Cleaning Wastewater\nLochner says most people don’t give much thought to what happens to the wastewater from their home and community. Yet, it affects us long after disappearing down the drain—and if it’s not properly cleaned, the impact can be detrimental.\nWastewater is water used by homes, businesses and industries. The WPC Department treats it before it is released back to the environment. During the treatment process—which takes approximately 38 hours to complete—pollutants in the water are reduced to a level that nature can handle. This ensures there is clean water for the plants and animals that live in water, as well as those who enjoy recreational activities on the water.\nIf wastewater is not properly cleaned, it can carry disease. Since we live, work and play near water in Auburn, harmful bacteria must be removed to make water safe. That’s why WPC operations are non-stop, with equipment running 24/7, every day of the year.\nComplex, Necessary Operations\nAuburn’s WPC operations have grown quite a bit since Lochner started there. In 1972, WPC pumped 1.7 million gallons a day. Today, the department—which now has two treatment plants—pumps 4.5 million gallons a day. It can pump up to 9 million gallons a day, if needed. A team of 15 people, including plant operations, maintenance, lab, collections and biosolid (sludge removal for resale as soil imminent), make it all happen.\nThe WPC Department also conducts important lab work. The lab staff—a repeated recipient of the Laboratory Excellence award from the Indiana Water Pollution Control Association—tests about 30,000 wastewater samples per year.\nDevotion to Process Evident\nWastewater has the potential to affect public health, economic development, recreation, and other aspects of everyday life. This makes the WPC Department a vital part of Auburn’s city services. The work Lochner and his team performs daily ensures the health and well-being of Auburn.\n“Wastewater treatment is complicated and laborious, but it’s a necessity,” says Lochner. “This team is dedicated to their work and providing the community with this important service.”\nThe Wastewater Treatment Process\nOn a daily basis, the WPC Department performs preliminary, primary, secondary and disinfection treatments. The whole process consists of six phases:\n- Preliminary treatment reduces the size of large solids in the influent flow, which protects the remainder of the plant units from damage due to jamming.\n- Primary clarifiers receive raw sewage and waste activated sludge. These tanks allow necessary solids to settle to the bottom of the tank, thereby allowing the clearer wastewater to flow to the next phase of treatment.\n- Activated sludge treatment is provided in ten aeration tanks.\n- Secondary treatment occurs in eleven final clarifiers. These units are sludge collecting units, similar to the process during primary treatment.\n- The wastewater is chlorinated for proper disinfection in order to reduce the pathogens to a permissible level.\n- During the final phase of tertiary and post-aeration treatment, the flow is directed to two 1.7 MG terminal ponds. These ponds polish the secondary effluent through various physical and biological processes before the wastewater is post-aerated and discharged into Cedar Creek.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://gregg784.com/2018/07/18/plant-life/", "date": "2023-06-09T17:18:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224656788.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20230609164851-20230609194851-00666.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9385177493095398, "token_count": 3311, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__171864491", "lang": "en", "text": "Roots are those underground portions of a plant that store food, absorb water and minerals from the soil, and anchor the plant in the earth.\nRoots account for more than 80 per cent of plants’ biomass in ecosystems such as tundra and short grass prairies. In many plants, roots are longer and spread wider than the shoots. The extensive root systems of plants are effective collectors of water and minerals necessary for the life of the plant.\nRoot Cap and Quiescent Center\nThe root’s structure facilitates each of its functions. Tips of roots are covered by a thimble-shaped root cap. At the base of the root, the cap is a meristem that produces cells that form the cap.\nThe meristem pushes cells forward into the cap, which protects the tip of the growing root as it forces its way through the soil. As these cells move through the cap, they differentiate into rows of columella cells. Columella cells contain plastids that sediment, in response to gravity, to the lower side of the cell. This sedimentation is how roots perceive gravity.\nSurrounding the outside of the root cap are peripheral cells. Peripheral cells produce and secrete large amounts of a slimy, water-soluble substance called mucigel. Mucigel has several important functions.\nIt protects roots from desiccation and contains compounds that diffuse into the soil and inhibit the growth of other roots. Mucigel also lubricates roots as they force their way between soil particles. Soil particles cling to mucigel, thus increasing the root’s contact with the soil, which helps roots absorb water.\nJust behind the root cap is the quiescent centre, which is made up of five hundred to one thousand seemingly inactive cells. Cells of the quiescent centre divide only about once every twenty days, while those of the adjacent meristem divide as often as twice per day.\nCells of the quiescent centre become active when the tip of the root is damaged. When this occurs, the quiescent cells divide rapidly to form cells to repair the damaged root tip. The quiescent centre also organizes the patterns of primary growth in roots.\nThe subapical region of roots consists of three zones: the zone of cellular division, the zone of cellular elongation, and the zone of cellular maturation.\nThese regions of the root intergrade and are not sharply defined. The zone of cellular division surrounds the quiescent centre and is a dome-shaped meristem 0.5 to 1.5 millimetres behind the root tip.\nThus, the meristem of a root is subterminal and is made of small, multisided cells. Meristematic cells divide between one and two times per day. In some plants, the meristem produces almost twenty thousand new cells per day. The rate of these divisions is influenced by hormones such as ethylene.\nThe zone of cellular elongation is 4 to 15 millimetres behind the root tip. Cells in this zone elongate rapidly by filling their vacuoles with water. As a result, the elongating zone is easily distinguished from the root cap and zone of cellular division by its long, vacuolate cells.\nCellular elongation in the elongating zone pushes the root cap and apical meristem through the soil as fast as 2 to 4 centimetres per day. Cellular elongation is typically inhibited by the hormone auxin and stimulated by low concentrations of ethylene.\nCells behind the elongating zone do not elongate. Elongation begins the process of cellular differentiation, or specialization. Differentiation is completed in the zone of cellular maturation, which is 1 to 5 centimetres behind the root tip. The maturation zone is distinguished by the presence of numerous root hairs—as many as forty thousand per square centimetre.\nRoot hairs increase the surface area of the root by a factor of several thousand and are usually less than 1 millimetre long. They live only a few days and form only in the mature, elongating region of the root. Because root hairs are fragile extensions of epidermal cells, they usually break off when plants are transplanted.\nAll mature tissues of roots from behind the zone of cellular maturation. The root is surrounded by an epidermis, which is usually only one cell thick. Epidermal cells usually lack a cuticle. The epidermis covers all of the root except the root cap and typically has no openings.\nImmediately inside the epidermis is the cortex. The cortex occupies most of a root’s volume and consists of three concentric layers: the hypodermis, storage parenchyma cells, and the endodermis. The hypodermis is a waxy, protective layer that slows outward movement of water. Thus, the hypodermis helps roots retain water and nutrients that have been absorbed.\nMost of the cortex consists of thin-walled parenchyma cells that store carbohydrates. These cells are separated by large intercellular spaces occupying as much as 30 per cent of the root’s volume. The innermost layer of the cortex is the endodermis.\nUnlike other cortical cells, endodermal cells are packed tightly together and lack intercellular spaces. Their radial and transverse walls, furthermore, are impregnated with a Casparian strip of lignin and suberin.\nIf endodermal cells are compared to bricks in a brick wall, then the Casparian strip is analogous to the mortar surrounding each brick. The Casparian strip prevents inward movement of water and nutrients through the cell wall and intercellular spaces. The endodermis functions somewhat like a valve that regulates the movement of nutrients.\nCollectively, the tissues inside the cortex are called the stele, which consists of the pericycle, vascular tissues, and sometimes a pith. The pericycle is the outermost layer of the stele and is a meristematic layer of cells one to several cells thick; it produces secondary, or lateral, roots.\nInside the pericycle is the root’s vascular tissue, which consists of xylem and phloem. Vascular tissues transport water, minerals, and sugars throughout the plant and differentiate in response to auxin, a plant hormone, coming from the shoot.\nRoots of most dicotyledons (dicots) and gymnosperms have a lobed, solid core of primary xylem in the centre of the root. Roots of monocots and a few dicots have a ring of vascular tissue that surrounds a pith.\nBundles of primary phloem differentiate between lobes of xylem. In dicots and gymnosperms, a vascular cambium later forms between the xylem and phloem and produces secondary growth that thickens the root.\nTypes of Root Systems\n|Types of root systems|\nDifferent kinds of plants often have different kinds of root systems. Most gymnosperms and dicots have a taproot system consisting of a large primary root and smaller branch roots. In plants such as the carrot, fleshy taproots store large amounts of carbohydrates. Not all taproots store food.\nLong taproots of plants such as poison ivy and mesquite are modified for reaching water deep in the ground rather than storing food. Many plants have very long taproots. Engineers digging a mine in the southeastern United States uncovered the taproot of a mesquite tree more than 50 meters down.\nMost monocots such as corn and other grasses have a fibrous root system that consists of an extensive mass of similarly sized roots. Most of these roots are adventitious roots, which form on organs other than roots themselves.\nFibrous roots of some plants are edible—for example, sweet potatoes are fleshy parts of fibrous root systems of Ipomoea (morning glory) plants. Plants with fibrous root systems reduce erosion because their root systems are extensive and cling tightly to soil particles.\nAdventitious roots are common in ferns, club mosses, and horsetails. In plants such as tree ferns, adventitious roots form in stems, grow down through the cortex, and finally emerge at the base of the stem.\nAdventitious roots are a primary means of asexual reproduction in many plants. For example, prairie grasses and forests of quaking aspen trees are often derived from a single individual propagated by adventitious roots.\nHumans use adventitious roots to propagate plants such as raspberries, apples, and brussels sprouts. Formation of adventitious roots is controlled by hormones such as auxin, which is often an ingredient in “rooting” compounds sold commercially.\nThe structure of a root relates directly to its four primary functions: absorption, anchorage, conduction, and storage. For example, most water and nutrients are absorbed by root hairs in the zone of maturation of the root.\nThe water thereafter moves through the root either inside cells or in spaces between cells. Water seeping between cells finally encounters the endodermis, which is the primary barrier to absorption.\nThe Casparian strip in the endodermis ensures that water and nutrients enter the stele via the plasmodesmata (narrow strands of cytoplasm that connect the cytoplasms of adjacent cells). Most nutrients are absorbed and accumulate in the apical 0.3 to 0.5 meter of the root.\nFew nutrients are absorbed past a few centimetres beyond the root tip because these parts of the root lack root hairs and have a waxy endodermis.\nThese non-absorptive regions of roots anchor plants and may later produce branch roots. Water and dissolved nutrients absorbed by roots move to the shoot in xylem. Roots receive nutrients from the shoot via the phloem. These nutrients either are used for growth or are stored in cortical cells for future use.\nRoots of many plants are modified for special functions. For example, roots of plants such as beets, radishes, dandelions, and cassava store large amounts of starch. Sweet potato roots store carbohydrates as sugars. Roots of other plants are used for asexual reproduction.\nRoots of cherry, apple, and teak possess adventitious buds that form shoots called suckers. When separated from the parent plant, suckers become new individuals. Adventitious buds are a common means of propagating many other plants.\nFor example, most groups of creosote bushes are clones derived from a single plant. Some of these clones are more than twelve thousand years old—meaning that the first seed germinated approximately four thousand years before humans began writing.\nThe roots of many plants minimize competition for water and nutrients by growing in different parts of the soil. For example, mesquite trees growing in deserts often have tap roots more than 20 meters long that obtain water from the underground water table.\nNearby cacti, however, survive in the same environment by producing a shallow root system that spreads as far as 30 meters. Cactus roots do not reach the water table; rather, they quickly absorb water after the infrequent and often heavy rains that occur in the desert.\nRoots can protect the plant from other organisms. Most root defences against soil pathogens are chemical rather than structural. Roots often secrete noxious chemicals that inhibit the growth of pathogens and other organisms, including other plants, in some cases.\nProp roots are aerial roots that grow into the soil. They are common in plants such as corn and banyan trees. Banyan trees produce thousands of prop roots that grow down from horizontally oriented stems and form pillar-like supports.\nThe growth and distribution of roots are controlled by several environmental factors. For example, the short days and cooler temperatures of winter typically cause roots to become inactive.\nMicrobes living in the soil also affect how roots grow. Most microbes in soil live within 10 micrometres of the root and secrete compounds that significantly affect growth and distribution of roots. These compounds can affect the anatomy, morphology, a number of root hairs, and branching patterns of root systems.\nMicrobes also affect how plants absorb and transport minerals from the soil. Plants growing in sterile soil absorb fewer minerals than those growing in soil containing microbes. Beneficial fungi called mycorrhizae live in and on roots of almost all plants in a form of mutualism, meaning that both the plant and the fungus benefit from the association.\nThe mycorrhizae absorb nutrients from the environment, while the host plant provides the fungus with carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, and other organic substances. Plants with mycorrhizae tolerate drought and other types of stress better than uninfected plants.\nRoots of legumes such as beans are often infected with Rhizobium (from rhiza, the Greek word for “root”), a genus of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Swellings in response to these infections are called nodules. Bacteria receive carbohydrates and other substances from the host, while the host plants receive large amounts of usable nitrogen from the bacteria.\nMany organisms compete with roots to collect nutrients and water in the soil. For example, 1 gram of fertile soil contains approximately 109bacteria, 106 actinomycetes (a group of fungi-like bacteria), 105 fungi, and 103 algae.\nPlants have evolved several different strategies for competing with these organisms. One is to produce an extensive root system consisting of many roots that permeate the soil. Most roots grow in the upper 3 meters of soil, however, where nutrients are most abundant.\nThe narrow zone of soil surrounding a root and subject to its influence is called the rhizosphere. Roots modify the rhizosphere by secreting organic matter, compressing the soil, and absorbing nutrients. As a result of these effects, the rhizosphere is significantly different from bulk soil. It usually contains large amounts of energy-rich molecules. These molecules are eaten by fungi and bacteria.\nRoots tend to grow best in moist, loosely packed soil. Roots of many plants grow two to four times faster in loose, sandy soil than in tightly packed clay. The slow growth of roots in poorly aerated soil is probably caused by the accumulation of ethylene, a plant hormone that slows root growth.\nRoots of plants that grow in wet areas are usually small and modified for gas exchange. They possess small amounts of xylem, lack root hairs, and contain large intercellular spaces, thereby improving ventilation.\nRoots of aquatic plants are also modified for gas exchange. For example, the black mangrove produces specialized roots called pneumatophores, which grow up into the air, where they function like snorkels through which oxygen diffuses to submerged roots.\nEpiphytes, including some bromeliads and orchids, are plants that grow on other plants but are not parasites. Adaptations among these “air plants” include a thickened root epidermis which protects the cortex and retards water loss.\nThe “flower pot plant” (Dischidia rafflesiana) grows a “pot” that collects water and debris; the plant’s aerial roots grow into the pot, where they can absorb the minerals collected there.\nRoots of plants that grow in dry areas are often extensive and modified for rapid transport of water. They contain large amounts of xylem, which allows them to move water rapidly to the shoot after rainfall.\nPlants such as witchweed and broomrape use their roots to parasitize other plants. Witchweed is a red-flowered plant that infects grains such as corn and sorghum; it is the second leading cause of cereal famine in Africa.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://origin-www.midwestliving.com/garden/ideas/how-to-attract-butterflies-to-your-garden/", "date": "2023-09-25T12:58:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233508977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925115505-20230925145505-00337.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8713629841804504, "token_count": 683, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__134248837", "lang": "en", "text": "How to Attract Butterflies to Your Garden\nEarn your wings\nAt the height of summer, Nina and Ron Koziol’s 1-acre garden near Chicago is the O’Hare Airport of butterflies. Majestic monarchs taxi on runways of zinnias, Pentas, milkweed and asters. Super-size swallowtails circle fragrant purple butterfly bush blossoms. Smaller fliers like tortoiseshells, commas, sulphurs, checkerspots and crescents make repeated touch-and-go landings amid beds, borders and containers.\nTo attract all the air traffic, Nina relies on blue and violet blooms—natural magnets for pollinators like butterflies that feed on flower nectar. Because most perennials bloom for only a month or so, she plants annuals in beds and pots to ensure color all summer. She also grows species-specific plants for female butterflies to lay their eggs on. The leaves provide food for the larvae that hatch and form chrysalides before morphing into butterflies. Nina says, “Part of the joy of creating a butterfly garden is knowing that we’re helping future populations to thrive.”\nClick ahead to learn more about Nina's and Ron's tips for growing a butterfly-friendly garden. Pictured: A great spangled fritillary fills up on nectar from tall verbena in Nina and Ron's suburban Chicago garden.\nUp-size a bed\nButterflies zero in on large beds. This one includes ‘Northwind’ switchgrass, fountain grass and annual flowers.\nGrow big blooms\nMany butterflies live only a week or two, so help them make the most of their days. Plants with large, single daisy-type blossoms, such as black-eyed Susans and Mexican sunflowers, let butterflies gather nectar in one spot, which saves them time and energy. Pictured: Cosmos.\nBack up perennials with potted annuals like red fountain grass, salvia, ‘Stripe Me Pink’ boat lily and ‘Blackie’ sweet potato vine.\nCreate a butterfly nursery by growing favorite food plants for young larvae. Dill (pictured), fennel and parsley are good host plants for caterpillars that will become eastern black swallowtails.\nOffer free refills\nA hummingbird stops by for sugar water. Butterflies need liquid, too, so provide a shallow dish of wet sand where they can get salt and nutrients not found in nectar.\nKeep an eye out for butterflies-to-be. Chrysalides hide on outdoor structures, pots and chairs. And be prudent with pesticides. Many products kill all kinds of caterpillars, destructive or not. (Pictured: Monarch on tropical milkweed.)\nButterfly gardens attract the birds and bees, too. 'Fireworks' rough goldenrod and tall grasses surround a bluebird house.\nEnjoy the show\nSet aside a special spot in your backyard where you can sit and watch the butterflies come and go. This patio seating area gives close-up views of the aerial action.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://dickinson.hykucommons.org/concern/etds/cd2930e9-3f19-42d1-aa1f-8f1c237e5529?locale=fr", "date": "2022-10-03T15:10:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337421.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20221003133425-20221003163425-00306.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.851177453994751, "token_count": 692, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__50895990", "lang": "en", "text": "Cover Crops in a Changing Climate: Can Mixtures Reduce Water Stress? Publique Deposited\nContenu téléchargeableTélécharger le PDF\nClimate change models predict more extreme rain events and drought to occur in different areas of the mid-latitude region. Farmers and researchers have been looking for solutions to reduce negative impacts of these precipitation changes. Cover cropping is a promising practice as it minimizes erosion in extreme rain events and conserves water in drought years if used as mulch for the following crop. To adapt to climate change and achieve production goals at the same time, growing multispecies of cover crops is a potential approach as different species provide complementary ecosystem services. Despite a large volume of research on how cover crops support agriculture in a changing climate, understanding is limited of how climate change influences the growth of cover crops. I investigated the early development of two common cover crop species – crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) – in response to water stress, and evaluated if a cover crop mixture is capable of ameliorating water stress. I hypothesized that rye and crimson clover grown in the mixture would have a better performance than those grown in monocultures. To examine the influence of water stress and diversity on plant growth, a one-month experiment was conducted, where the two factors were fully crossed in randomized blocks. To determine plant growth, I recorded survival and growth rate throughout the experiment; at the conclusion of the experiment, I collected total biomass and generated root traits using RhizoVision Explorer program. I found that water stress negatively influenced the growth of cover crops, and the impacts varied among species: crimson clover showed to be susceptible to drought, and rye performed poorly under waterlogging. In the face of these stresses, growing in mixtures showed potential to ameliorate water stress via sampling effect and niche complementarity.\nMLA citation style. 2022. https://dickinson.hykucommons.org/concern/etds/cd2930e9-3f19-42d1-aa1f-8f1c237e5529?locale=fr Cover Crops In a Changing Climate: Can Mixtures Reduce Water Stress?.\nAPA citation style(2022). Cover Crops in a Changing Climate: Can Mixtures Reduce Water Stress?. https://dickinson.hykucommons.org/concern/etds/cd2930e9-3f19-42d1-aa1f-8f1c237e5529?locale=fr\nChicago citation styleCover Crops In a Changing Climate: Can Mixtures Reduce Water Stress?. 2022. https://dickinson.hykucommons.org/concern/etds/cd2930e9-3f19-42d1-aa1f-8f1c237e5529?locale=fr\nNote: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.\n|La vignette||Titre||Date d'envoi||Visibilité||Actions|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.operonbiotech.com/protected-world-hemophilia-day/", "date": "2023-12-09T18:27:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100942.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209170619-20231209200619-00334.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9269734025001526, "token_count": 1058, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__44468420", "lang": "en", "text": "In people with bleeding disorders, the blood clotting process doesn’t work properly. As a result, people with bleeding disorders can bleed for longer than normal, and some may experience spontaneous bleeding into joints, muscles, or other parts of their bodies.\nHemophilia is a bleeding disorder that affects approximately 1 in 10,000 people. People with hemophilia do not have enough clotting factor VIII or IX in their blood. As a result, they can bleed for longer than normal.\nThe most common bleeding disorder is von Willebrand disease (VWD). It is generally less severe than other bleeding disorders. Many people with VWD may not know that they have the disorder because their bleeding symptoms are very mild.\nRare clotting factor deficiencies are disorders in which one of several clotting factors is missing or not working properly. Less is known about these disorders because they are diagnosed so rarely. In fact, many have only been discovered in the last 40 years.\nFinally, inherited platelet disorders are conditions in which platelets don’t work the way they should, resulting in a tendency to bleed or bruise.\nWhat is hemophilia?\nHemophilia is a bleeding problem. People with hemophilia do not bleed any faster than normal, but they can bleed for a longer time. Their blood does not have enough clotting factor. Clotting factor is a protein in blood that controls bleeding.\nHemophilia is quite rare. About 1 in 10,000 people are born with it.\nTypes of hemophilia\nThe most common type of hemophilia is called hemophilia A. This means the person does not have enough clotting factor VIII (factor eight).\nHemophilia B is less common. A person with hemophilia B does not have enough factor IX (factor nine). The result is the same for people with hemophilia A and B; that is, they bleed for a longer time than normal.\nHow do you get hemophilia?\nPeople are born with hemophilia. They cannot catch it from someone like a cold.\nHemophilia is usually inherited, meaning that it is passed on through a parent’s genes. Genes carry messages about the way the body’s cells will develop as a baby grows into an adult. They determine a person’s hair and eye colour, for example.\nSometimes hemophilia can occur when there is no family history of it. This is called sporadichemophilia. About 30% of people with hemophilia did not get it through their parent’s genes. It was caused by a change in the person’s own genes.\nIn rare cases, a person can develop hemophilia later in life. The majority of cases involve middle-aged or elderly people, or young women who have recently given birth or are in the later stages of pregnancy. This condition often resolves with appropriate treatment.\nSeverity of hemophilia\nThe severity describes how serious a problem is. The level of severity depends on the amount of clotting factor that is missing from a person’s blood.\nPercentage of normal factor activity in blood\nNumber of international units (IU) per millilitre (ml) of whole blood\nless than 1%\nless than 0.01 IU\nSymptoms and diagnosis\nThe signs of hemophilia A and B are the same:\nBleeding into muscles and joints\nSpontaneous bleeding (sudden bleeding inside the body for no clear reason)\nProlonged bleeding after getting a cut, removing a tooth, or having surgery.\nBleeding for a long time after an accident, especially after an injury to the head.\nThe Q2 Plus Meter from MicroPoint Technologies allows the doctor to perform a simple APTT test with a finger prick.The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)is used as a general screening test for the detection of coagulation abnormalities in the intrinsic pathway. The APTTis sensitive to deficiencies or abnormalities of factors VIII,IX,XI,XII,X and II,prekallikrein,high molecular weight kininogen(HMWK),and fibrinogen. If the patient is suffering from Hemophilia disorder the APTT results are higher than normal thus helping the Health Care Provider with instant information with APTT screening results. The abnormal results however can further be confirmed by performing a Lab investigation specific for any deficiency including Factor VIII or IX.\nThe q2 Plus is available for Professional Point of Care Testing for screening of Hemophilia (Baseline APTT Test Result) with instant results. The q2 Plus docks with e-Station for easy data uploading and hard copy printouts. The devise is also equipped with inbuilt barcode scanning for Patient ID or Test Barcode info capture.\nThis product is exclusively marketed by Operon Biotech & Health Care headquarted At Bangalore in India.\nFor further information or for any queries please contact 819-715-5556,984-508-8171,990-014-9100", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bickfordparkanimalhospital.wordpress.com/2012/11/19/kennel-cough-and-your-dog/", "date": "2020-05-31T04:17:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347410745.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20200531023023-20200531053023-00025.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9548799991607666, "token_count": 606, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__114336642", "lang": "en", "text": "With the onset of colder temperatures, the prevalence and transmission of infection and disease increases. This is not only true for humans (have you gotten your flu shot yet?) but for dogs as well. Kennel cough has gotten its name for being contracted mostly kennels and dog runs, where dogs are kept in high numbers and closed quarters. This is also why if you ever have, or ever will consider boarding your dog in a kennel, most reputable dog boarding companies will make this an absolute requirement (in addition to being up-to-date on all core vaccines such as DHPP and rabies) before taking them on. Just around the corner from us at Bickford Park, kennel cough has been making its way around. In this blog post you’ll learn about the origin of the kennel cough, what to look for if your dog has it, what and where to avoid, and how to best prevent your dog from this infection.\nKennel cough is an upper respiratory infection, that can originate from a variety of sources, such as the canine distemper and canine adenosine virus or more commonly from the Bordetella bacteria. Luckily, if your dog is current on their vaccination schedule (don’t hesitate to call your vet clinic and confirm this!), the DHPP vaccine protects your dog from the viral strain of kennel cough. This is why most kennel coughs originate from the bacteria Bordetella, because DHPP does not protect against this.\nSo how can your dog contract kennel cough? It is a highly contagious disease that is transmitted through sneezing or coughing, as well as coming into contact with contaminated surfaces. Even after dogs stop showing symptoms of kennel cough (more on that later), the virus/bacteria can still be actively infective to other dogs.\nThe symptoms you should be on the lookout for in your dog (and other dogs, so as to avoid any contact with them) include a hacking cough, retching, sneezing, snorting, gagging and occasionally vomiting. These symptoms take about two days to appear once contaminated and can persist for up to 20 days. Kennel cough is not to be taken lightly! However rare, kennel cough can progress into a lower respiratory infection and, on occasion, can be fatal.\nWhile vaccination against kennel cough (the DHPP vaccine, which is a core vaccine, and the Bordetella injectable or intranasal vaccine) can reduce the chance of your dog contracting this infection, like the human flu shot, it is not a foolproof plan; dogs can still contract strains of kennel cough different from the one they have been vaccinated against. The most critical component of maintaining animal health in veterinary medicine is practicing preventative medicine and husbandry; this includes taking all precautions and erring on the side of caution. Ask your vet if the Bordetella vaccination is right for your dog!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://chip-led.com/the-best-grow-light/", "date": "2024-03-02T17:46:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475833.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302152131-20240302182131-00323.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9309227466583252, "token_count": 1120, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__47233570", "lang": "en", "text": "In 2016, Koray proposed five major elements of plant lights, and in 2019, the element of intelligent control was added. The following article is for reference.\nnot a single one can be omitted\nWhat is a good grow light? There are six elements you need to know.\nIt has a definite good effect on plants.\n- High-efficiency and energy-saving\nHigh-efficiency PPE and higher photosynthetic light quantum density PPFD at the same power\n- Safe and reliable\nIn line with the safety requirements of various countries in the world\n- Long life\nUsing long-life components, can withstand scrutiny and truly achieve long life\n- Friendly to the human body\nSometimes it is necessary to work in a plant growth environment, so human perception is also very important. No harm to the human body, no stroboscopic eye protection\n- Intelligent control\nIntelligent control of illumination and spectrum\nThe most important include two points, a good spectrum, suitable or higher, and uniform lighting PPFD:\nSpectrum: Light recipes for plants, each grow light manufacturer, claims its spectrum is the most effective. The difference in planting effect between a good spectrum and a not-so-good spectrum (at least 660nm of extreme red light) is less than 10%. There is no most effective spectrum, the spectrum is good or bad, depending on what you need.\nIf you grow vegetables with a good taste, then you can add some UV purple light. If you need a shift in the flowering cycle, you may need to add some far-red FR730. A good spectrum should be adjustable, which should contain multiple adjustable channels, UV channel, blue and white light channel, red light channel, and far-red light channel. In this way, we can adjust the spectrum reasonably according to the variety of plants and different stages of plant cultivation. Of course, adjusting the spectrum is a little bit difficult.\nOnly the spectrum that can be adjusted can be an effective spectrum\nPPFD: In fact, PPFD is the most important data in the plant lamp. It is more important than the spectrum. Only the right PPFD can have a good harvest. Generally, indoor planting is related to light, that is, insufficient light, which can be insufficient power. With higher PPFD, the light can be reduced by dimming, while low-light products can no longer increase the illumination.\nGenerally speaking, the average PPFD of leafy vegetables needs 250umol/m2/s, and the tomato seedling stage needs 150umol/m2/s. The vegetative growth period requires 400-600umol/m2/s, and the flowering and blooming harvest periods require 600-1200umol/m2/s light. We can add additional carbon dioxide during the growing period and flowering period of tomatoes. The growth stages of cucumbers and peppers are basically the same as those of tomatoes. Adding carbon dioxide can also increase production.\nLighting uniformity: It can also be said that the higher the uniformity of PPFD, the better. The uniformity is related to the hanging height. The higher the hanging height, the more uniform the light will be. But the light loss will also increase with it.\n2. High efficiency and energy saving\nThe effect of LED plant lights should reach 2.7umol/J, but almost all plant lights claim to be above 2.7umol/J, which requires us to analyze and identify them well. Generally, the plant lights of big brands will be more reliable. If it is not a brand, we need to know the brand of the LED lamp beads used (preferably with a specific model) and the number of lamp beads, which can also help identify the credibility of the light effect. Generally speaking, using the same lamp bead model, the more the number of lamp beads, the higher the efficiency.\n3. Safe and reliable\nSafety should be the priority, and lamps and lanterns should meet the safety requirements of various countries in the world. In addition to meeting safety requirements, it also needs to be reliable. Guaranteeing long-term work requires the strong reliability of plant lights. Lamps also heat up, and temperature rise is also an important indicator. If the temperature is too high, it will seriously affect the life of the plant lamp. Heat dissipation capacity is also an important indicator of plant lights.\n4. Long life\nAs mentioned above, a low-temperature rise is a way to ensure long life. Use great quality components, especially the power supply, which is relatively easy to damage. You can try to use LED grow lights with brand power supplies. The lamp beads can also use international brands, such as products using Osram, Cree, Samsung, and other brand lamp beads.\n5. Luminous and comfortable\nIt has nothing to do with plants, but the planting environment may also be the environment for our temporary works. Here, light that is friendly to the human body is also needed. Under this kind of light, we can also see the growth of plants clearly and detect diseases and insect pests in time. As for plant growing areas with UV lamps, we need to turn off the UV lamps before entering the plant growing area.\n6. Intelligent control\nIntelligent control of lighting and spectrum. According to the different growth stages of different plants and different planting requirements to control the lighting time, light gradient conversion, spectral gradient conversion, etc.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ecfnh.org/event/2022-fall-forum/", "date": "2022-08-08T06:39:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00077.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.935326337814331, "token_count": 378, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__49207452", "lang": "en", "text": "2022 Fall Forum\nOctober 14 @ 7:00 PM – 8:30 PM\n“THE STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE BIRDS”\nDr. Pamela Hunt – Senior Biologist for Avian Conservation\nWhich birds are doing well, which are not..and how we can help\n7:00 p.m. – 8:30 p.m.\n(doors open at 6:30)\nGrantham Town Hall\n300 Rt. 10S, Grantham NH 03753\n(this hybrid event will also be available online. Please check back in mid-September to register for the online option.)\nPam Hunt has been interested in birds since the tender age of 12, when an uncle took her to Brigantine National Wildlife Refuge in NJ. She went on to earn a B.S. in biology from Cornell University, M.A. in zoology from the University of Montana, and a Ph.D. from Dartmouth College in 1995. Pam came to NH Audubon in 2000 after five years as adjunct faculty at Colby-Sawyer College in New London. In her current position as Avian Conservation Biologist, she works closely with NH Fish and Game to coordinate and prioritize bird research and monitoring in the state, and also authored NH’s “State of the Birds” report. Specific areas of interest include habitat use by early successional birds (particularly whip-poor-wills), conservation of aerial insectivores (e.g., swifts and swallows), and the effects of events outside the breeding season on long-distance migrants. Pam also coordinated the “NH Dragonfly Survey,” a five-year project that mapped distributions of these insects throughout the state, and remains active in the dragonfly field.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://imperfectgravey56.jimdo.com/2015/03/20/achilles-tendon/", "date": "2017-11-21T13:48:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806388.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20171121132158-20171121152158-00764.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9457970857620239, "token_count": 1093, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__123671975", "lang": "en", "text": "Achilles tendon rupture is an injury that affects the back of your lower leg. It most commonly occurs in people playing recreational sports. The Achilles tendon is a strong fibrous cord that connects the muscles in the back of your calf to your heel bone. If you overstretch your Achilles tendon, it can tear (rupture). The tendon can rupture completely or just partially. If you have an Achilles tendon rupture, you might feel a pop or snap, followed by an immediate sharp pain in the back of your ankle and lower leg that usually affects your ability to walk properly. Surgery is often the best treatment option to repair an Achilles tendon rupture. For many people, however, nonsurgical treatment works just as well.\nCauses of and contributors to Achilles tendon rupture include trauma (caused by injury, usually an acceleration injury such as pushing off or jumping up). Preceding tendon problems. Chronic Achilles tendonitis (can lead to small tears within the tendon, increasingly weakening it). Certain drug therapies/treatments. Drugs that have been linked to Achilles tendon rupture include. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics - after nearly 900 reports of tendon ruptures, tendonitis and other tendon disorders (most associated with the Achilles tendon) linked to Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) alone were collected in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)s database, at least one public-interest group petitioned the FDA to recommend that a \"Black Box Warning\" be added to Cipro's packaging. Some researchers speculate this class of antibiotics is toxic to tendon fibers, and that in some cases may reduce their blood supply. Patients should at least be more aware of the potential for ruptures so that they can be switched to other antibiotics at the onset of early warning signals such as tendon pain.\nTypically patients present with sudden onset of pain and swelling in the achilles region, often accompanied by a audible snap during forceful dorsiflexion of the foot. A classic example is that of an unfit 'weekend warrior' playing squash. If complete a defect may be felt and the patient will have only minimal plantar flexion against resistance.\nA physician usually can make this diagnosis with a good physical examination and history. X-rays usually are not taken. A simple test of squeezing the calf muscles while lying on your stomach should indicate if the tendon is still connected (the foot should point). This test isolates the connection between the calf muscle and tendon and eliminates other tendons that may still allow weak movement. A word of caution, Achilles tendon rupture is often misdiagnosed as a strain or minor tendon injury. Swelling and the continuing ability to weakly point your toes can confuse the diagnosis. Ultrasound and MRI are tests that can assist in difficult diagnosis. Depending on the degree of injury, these tests can also assist in determining which treatment may be best.\nNon Surgical Treatment\nAchilles tendon ruptures can be treated non-operatively or operatively. Both of these treatment approaches have advantages and disadvantages. In general, younger patients with no medical problems may tend to do better with operative treatment, whereas patients with significant medical problems or older age may be best served with non-operative treatment. However, the decision of how the Achilles tendon rupture is treated should be based on each individual patient after the advantages and disadvantages of both treatment options are reviewed. It is important to realize that while Achilles tendon ruptures can be treated either non-operatively or operatively, they must be treated. A neglected Achilles tendon rupture (i.e. one where the tendon ends are not kept opposed) will lead to marked problems of the leg in walking, which may eventually lead to other limb and joint problems. Furthermore, late reconstruction of non-treated Achilles tendon rupture is significantly more complex than timely treatment.\nOperative treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures involves opening the skin and identifying the torn tendon. This is then sutured together to create a stable construct. This can be performed through a standard Achilles tendon repair technique or through a mini-incision technique (to read about the different types of techniques, look under Procedure in Achilles Tendon Repair). By suturing the torn tendon ends together, they maintain continuity and can be mobilized more quickly. However, it is critical to understand that the return to normal activities must wait until adequate healing of the tendon has occurred. The potential advantages of an open repair of the Achilles tendon include, faster recovery, this means that patients will lose less strength. Early Range of Motion. They are able to move the ankle earlier so it is easier to regain motion. Lower Re-rupture Rate. The re-rupture rate may be significantly lower in operatively treated patients (2-5%) compared to patients treated non-operatively (8-15%). The main disadvantage of an open repair of the Achilles tendon rupture is the potential for a wound-healing problem which could lead to a deep infection that is difficult to eradicate, or a painful scar.\nTo help reduce your chance of getting Achilles tendon rupture, take the following steps. Do warm-up exercises before an activity and cool down exercises after an activity. Wear proper footwear. Maintain a healthy weight. Rest if you feel pain during an activity. Change your routine. Switch between high-impact activities and low-impact activities. Strengthen your calf muscle with exercises.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sepik.in/product/osvas-gold-capsules/", "date": "2024-03-01T14:23:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475311.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301125520-20240301155520-00137.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9332281947135925, "token_count": 260, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__150897880", "lang": "en", "text": "Rosuvastatin Aspirin Clopidogrel capsules are a combination medication used to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke in people who have a history of heart disease or who are at risk for developing heart disease.\nRosuvastatin is a medication from the class of statins, which works by lowering cholesterol levels in the blood. Aspirin and clopidogrel are both antiplatelet medications, which work by preventing blood clots from forming.\nThe combination of these medications helps to prevent blood clots and reduce inflammation, which can help reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.\nThe dosage and frequency of this medication will depend on the individual’s age, weight, and medical history. It is important to follow the instructions of a healthcare professional when taking this medication, and to report any side effects or adverse reactions.\nCommon side effects of this medication may include stomach upset, headache, and dizziness. More serious side effects may include bleeding or bruising, and it is important to seek medical attention if these occur.\nAs with all medications, it is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking before starting this medication, as it can interact with certain medications, including blood thinners, and increase the risk of bleeding.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.keizernursery.com/Online.php?Page=ProductDetails&Details=1149", "date": "2018-12-11T00:08:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376823516.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20181210233803-20181211015303-00527.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8612203598022461, "token_count": 182, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__76769937", "lang": "en", "text": "| Product Details – Everything you need to know about our products |\n|Creeping Wire Vine|\nCreeping Wire Vine (Muehlenbeckia axillaris)\nA low creeping evergreen groundcover, this forms a spreading mat of wiry stems, clothed in tiny rounded leaves with a glossy green finish. Fall and winter colour is an attractive bronze green. Insignificant green flowers become black-seeded white berries in late summer. Great for large areas and stabilizing slopes. Vigorous habit. Space at 4 to 6 plants per square yard. Plants may be mown once a year in the spring to encourage thicker growth. Good in combination with spring flowering bulbs. Tolerates fairly high foot traffic and dry conditions, once established. Zone 6-9.\nYou can find this item under Perennials and Ground Cover.\nSubject to availability. Prices may vary.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.stjames.ie/consultants/orfalinina/", "date": "2022-08-11T11:12:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00622.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9317752718925476, "token_count": 327, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__202740607", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr Nina Orfali joined the team at St James’s Hospital as a consultant haematologist in 2020.\nDr Orfali is a medical graduate of NUI Galway. After completing her internal medicine training between Galway University Hospital and the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, she branched into laboratory research, spending three years in laboratories at the Cork Cancer Research Centre and Weill Cornell University in New York. Dr Orfali was awarded a PhD from UCC for her work on the role of autophagy in leukaemic cell differentiation.\nDr Orfali trained as a haematology specialist here in Ireland and then returned to Cornell University in New York to undertake further specialist training in stem cell transplantation for two years. She returned to Dublin in 2020 to take up her position on the Adult Bone Marrow Transplant team.\nMB BCh BAO MRCPI FRCPath PhD\nMalignant myeloid disease including; acute myeloid leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative disorders. Stem cell transplantation and long-term survivorship post-transplant.\nDr Orfali’s research focuses on finding strategies to reduce relapse and strengthen the immune system after donor stem cell transplantation. She is also interested in the significance and prognostic impact of gene mutations in myeloid disease. She has published in these areas and maintains working collaborations with researchers at Cornell University in New York.\nSt James's Hospital", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.trooperpharma.com/actflume/", "date": "2020-09-26T21:31:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400245109.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20200926200523-20200926230523-00531.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8715798854827881, "token_count": 504, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__208383425", "lang": "en", "text": "Each 100 gm contains: Flumequine 10 gm.\nFlumequine is an anti-infective for the synthesis of quinolone, Which has a broader spectrum of activity than the parent compounds and are well distributed to tissues. They are bactericidal by inhibiting microbial DNA gyrase and are active against a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella sp. ,and also against some Gram-positive micro-organisms and Mycoplasma spp. They are not active against obligate anaerobes. Flumequine is not particularly effective against streptococcal and enterococcal infections. For this reason, they tend to spare the normal gut flora of animals under treatment.\nThere is concern about the increasing resistance of certain bacteria to flumequine. These include some zoonotic organisms such as Salmonella spp., campylobacter spp. And E. coll. The resistance is often due to chromosomal mutations either in the Gyr A gene or in proteins in the bacterial cell membrane, which allow the drug to enter the bacterial cell. Resistance within a population of bacteria becomes evident whenever antibacterial drugs are heavily used due to selection pressure.\nIt is used for treatment of:\n-Digestive intentions caused by Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp.\n-Respiratory infections caused by Pasteurella multocida and haemolytica Manheimia.\nDOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION\nRoute of administration:\nOrally via drinking water\nFor whole product:\n3 gm Actflume / 50 kg b. wt in drinking water . morning and evening for 5 days.\nWARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS\n-The use of quinolones should be based on susceptibility testing whenever possible and take into accent official and local policies on antibiotic use\n-Do not use in case of hypersensitivity to quinolones.\n– Do not combine with trimethoprim or sulfonamides.\nMeat and offal: 2 days.\nStore at temperature not exceeding 30c, in dry place.\nUse after opening for 28 days when storage at temperature not exceeding 30c in dry place and use immediately after reconstitution\nD B K for pharmaceutical industries (D B K pharma) for Lavie pharma.\nSale agent: Trooper pharma", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://breatheapp.co/exploring-the-impact-of-high-thca-hemp-flowers-on-stress-and-anxiety/", "date": "2024-04-21T18:09:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817790.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421163736-20240421193736-00053.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9303234219551086, "token_count": 699, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__186379719", "lang": "en", "text": "In the realm of natural remedies for stress and anxiety, a budding contender has emerged: high THCA hemp flower. As the world searches for alternative solutions to combat the daily stresses of modern life, the science behind these flowers offers promising insights into their potential to promote serenity and well-being.\nUnderstanding THCA: The Precursor to THC\nTHCA, or tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, is a naturally occurring compound found in raw cannabis plants. Unlike THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), THCA is non-psychoactive, meaning it does not produce the intoxicating effects commonly associated with marijuana consumption. Instead, THCA must undergo a process called decarboxylation, typically through heat or aging, to convert into THC. This conversion occurs when cannabis is smoked, vaporized, or cooked, activating the compound’s psychoactive properties. Understanding the role of THCA as the precursor to THC is essential for exploring its therapeutic potential and effects on the body.\nThe Entourage Effect: Amplifying Serenity\nThe entourage effect refers to the synergistic interaction between different compounds found in cannabis, including cannabinoids like THC and CBD, as well as terpenes and other phytochemicals. Research suggests that these compounds work together to enhance the therapeutic effects of cannabis, amplifying its potential benefits for various conditions such as pain relief, inflammation reduction, and anxiety management. By harnessing the entourage effect, individuals can experience a more comprehensive and holistic approach to wellness through the use of THCA-rich cannabis products.\nBalancing the Endocannabinoid System\nThe endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including mood, memory, appetite, and pain sensation. Cannabinoids like THCA interact with the ECS by binding to cannabinoid receptors located throughout the body, influencing the release of neurotransmitters and signaling molecules. By modulating the activity of the ECS, THCA may help restore balance and promote homeostasis within the body, potentially offering therapeutic relief for a wide range of conditions.\nNature’s Pharmacy: Harnessing the Power of Terpenes\nTerpenes are aromatic compounds found in many plants, including cannabis, that contribute to their distinctive flavors and aromas. In addition to their sensory qualities, terpenes also possess unique therapeutic properties that complement the effects of cannabinoids like THCA. For example, limonene may have anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects, while myrcene may promote relaxation and sedation. By incorporating terpenes into THCA-rich cannabis products, individuals can benefit from the synergistic interplay between these natural compounds, enhancing the overall therapeutic experience.\nFinding Peace: Practical Applications and Considerations\nAs interest in THCA-rich cannabis products continues to grow, it’s essential to consider practical applications and potential considerations when incorporating them into your wellness routine. Whether you’re using THCA for pain management, anxiety relief, or general wellness, it’s important to start with low doses and gradually increase as needed to find the optimal therapeutic effect. Additionally, consulting with a healthcare professional or knowledgeable cannabis provider can help ensure safe and effective use, especially if you’re new to cannabis or have underlying medical conditions. By approaching THCA with mindfulness and intention, individuals can unlock its full potential as a natural remedy for promoting health and well-being.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mimimatelot.blogspot.com/2013/", "date": "2020-05-29T20:18:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347406365.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20200529183529-20200529213529-00377.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.944683849811554, "token_count": 189, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__133030616", "lang": "en", "text": "Pōhutukawa is a native tree with the nickname of New Zealand Christmas Tree because it flowers like this around Christmas time.\nphoto © Jenny Mespel\nMetrosideros excelsa (pōhutukawa, New Zealand pohutukawa, New Zealand Christmas tree) is a coastal evergreen tree in the myrtle family that produces a brilliant display of red flowers made up of a mass of stamens. The pōhutukawa is one of 12 Metrosideros species endemic to New Zealand. Renowned for its vibrant colour and its ability to survive even perched on rocky, precarious cliffs, it has found an important place in New Zealand culture for its strength and beauty and is regarded as a chiefly tree (rākau rangatira) by Māori. The blossom of the tree is called kahika.\nHave a great day: merry Christmas!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.familypestcontrol.com/pest-library/skunks/", "date": "2021-12-03T03:42:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362589.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20211203030522-20211203060522-00363.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.96970534324646, "token_count": 754, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__41447057", "lang": "en", "text": "What Do Skunks Look Like?\nSkunks are large rodents, most closely related to badgers. As adults, they usually grow to be about the same size as the average house cat but can be differentiated by their distinctive color patterns. Skunks are usually covered in black fur, with two white stripes leading from the top of their heads to the end of their long, bushy tails. Their fur is usually shorter along the body and grows longer as it reaches their tail.\nAre Skunks Dangerous?\nBites from skunks are relatively uncommon, as their first line of defense is to spray. Being sprayed by a skunk can be intensely irritating, as the stench is strong and difficult to remove. Their spray contains sulfur compounds, that if inhaled or comes in contact with the eye, can cause discomfort. Skunks are known to exhibit aggressive defensive behavior as a last resort when grabbed. It is not advised to try and move live skunks on your own. It is best to contact a wildlife professional for the job.\nSkunks can carry the rabies virus, making them a serious health concern. Rabies is only transmitted through saliva or bite wounds. You can tell if skunks are rabid by their behavior, which will be erratic. Skunks are usually night scavengers, but if you see them during the day wandering or stumbling in plain sight, precautions should be taken to avoid the animals. They are commonly more aggressive and vocal when they are infected with the rabies virus. This is a situation that needs to be reported and dealt with by professionals. Do not attempt to intercept or trap animals that you suspect may have rabies. Keep all pets such as cats and dogs contained away from the suspected pests until professional help arrives.\nHow Do I Tell If Skunks Are the Problem?\nThere are a few different ways you can tell if skunks have recently visited your property:\n- Smell. Skunks have a distinct and potent odor that is sprayed as defensive measure against predators, and to mark territory. It is commonly referred to as a rotten-egg-like smell that can linger for days.\n- Recently dug-up dirt piles. Favorite food items for skunks are grubs and beetles. Skunks find them by digging into the ground. They are also known to dig up and eat small plants and to chew leaves, as well as raid berry bushes. If you begin to see a small grouping of three to four-inch holes appearing across your lawn, you may suspect that you have skunks visiting your property at night.\n- Burrows. Look for burrows dug near food sources or under foundations of buildings.\nHow Do I Get Rid of My Skunk Problem?\nAs skunks are large rodents, capable of defensive behavior such as spraying, it is recommended that homeowners do not attempt to remove these animals on their own. Our licensed professionals are available for emergency calls for this purpose. At Family, we practice eco-friendly and humane methods of wildlife control and removal.\nFamily Pest’s Skunk Prevention Tips\nHere are some tips for preventing skunks on your property:\n- Make sure that all garbage is securely locked inside a bin. Skunks are scavengers that relish finding easy food sources. For this reason, pet food should be brought inside at night in order to not attract skunks and other foraging pests to your home.\n- The use of a motion sensor light may help deter these creatures, as they prefer to forage unseen in the low light of the night.\nFor more prevention tips, please reach out to us at Family for a personalized consultation to discuss the best measures that can be taken to protect your property.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://turistachef.com/12-week-testosterone-and-winstrol-cycle/", "date": "2024-04-23T06:59:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818468.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423064231-20240423094231-00571.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9299002289772034, "token_count": 3467, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__188668167", "lang": "en", "text": "Winstrol and Testosterone are two of the most widely used compounds in the evolving field of bodybuilding and fitness, and we can tell you why. These substances, when used strategically in a carefully planned cycle, can help individuals achieve remarkable and massive gains in muscle mass, strength, and overall physical and bodybuilding performance. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of a 12-week Testosterone and Winstrol cycle, exploring the benefits, risks, and considerations that should be taken into account for those looking to take their fitness to the next level.\nThe combination of Testosterone and Winstrol is a prime choice among athletes and bodybuilders due to their synergistic effects. While Testosterone provides the foundation for muscle growth, Winstrol enhances the process by promoting lean muscle development and reducing water retention. However, it is essential to note that using these compounds together requires a thorough understanding of their mechanisms, dosages, and potential side effects. In the following sections, we will provide valuable insights into crafting an effective and safe 12-week cycle, helping you make informed decisions on your path to achieving your fitness goals.\n12 Week Testosterone and Winstrol Cycle: Why This Stack is Popular Among Bodybuilders\nThe popularity of the 12-week Testosterone and Winstrol cycle can be attributed to the unique benefits that each compound brings to the table. Testosterone, a naturally occurring hormone in the body, plays a fundamental role in muscle growth and overall well-being. When supplemented exogenously in a cycle, it can significantly increase protein synthesis, leading to muscle hypertrophy and improved strength. Bodybuilders favor Testosterone as it forms the backbone of many cycles, providing the necessary foundation for achieving their desired physique.\nOn the other hand, Winstrol, also known as Stanozolol, is an anabolic steroid renowned for its ability to enhance performance by promoting lean muscle mass while simultaneously reducing body fat. Winstrol’s unique property lies in its ability to increase nitrogen retention in the muscles, a crucial factor in muscle protein synthesis. This results in not only increased muscle density but also improved vascularity and a more defined physique. For bodybuilders seeking that chiseled and aesthetic appearance, Winstrol is often considered a must-have in their arsenal.\nAnother reason behind the popularity of this stack is the complementary nature of Testosterone and Winstrol. Testosterone, being the primary male sex hormone, ensures that users maintain healthy sexual function and overall vitality during the cycle, which can be negatively impacted by the use of certain steroids alone. Winstrol, on the other hand, helps mitigate some of the water retention that can occur with Testosterone, allowing bodybuilders to achieve a more dry and defined look. This synergy between the two compounds makes them a formidable combination for those looking to achieve exceptional results in terms of muscle gain and aesthetics.\nHowever, it’s essential to recognize that while the 12-week Testosterone and Winstrol cycle offers numerous benefits, it also carries potential risks and side effects. These risks include hormone imbalances, liver strain, cardiovascular issues, and the risk of dependency or abuse. To maximize the benefits while minimizing these risks, it is imperative to follow a well-structured and disciplined approach, including appropriate dosages, regular monitoring, and post-cycle therapy (PCT) to help restore natural hormone levels after the cycle ends.\nWinstrol and Testosterone Cycle: Things to Remember Before Stacking Them\nBefore starting your own 12-week Testosterone and Winstrol cycle, there are essential considerations that individuals should keep in mind. Understanding these factors will help ensure a safer and more effective experience during the cycle.\n- Research and Education: Knowledge is your greatest asset when it comes to any performance-enhancing cycle. Thoroughly research the properties, dosages, and potential side effects of both Testosterone and Winstrol.\n- Personal Health Assessment: Before starting any cycle, it is imperative to assess your overall health. Underlying medical conditions, especially those affecting the liver, kidney, cardiovascular system, or hormonal balance, can be exacerbated by the use of these compounds.\n- Dosage and Timing: Determining the right dosages and timing for Testosterone and Winstrol is crucial. Dosages should be tailored to your experience level, body weight, and goals. Typically, Testosterone is used as a base, with Winstrol added at specific points in the cycle. Never exceed recommended dosages as it can lead to severe health complications.\n- Monitoring and Side Effects: Regular monitoring of your progress and health is essential. Keep a close eye on potential side effects, including changes in blood pressure, cholesterol levels, liver function, and hormone balance. If any adverse effects occur, adjustments to the cycle or discontinuation may be necessary.\n- Post-Cycle Therapy (PCT): Planning for a proper PCT is as important as the cycle itself. PCT helps restore your body’s natural hormone production, preventing the crash in testosterone levels that can follow the cessation of anabolic steroid use. Have a PCT strategy in place before starting the cycle.\nBy taking these factors into account, individuals can approach their Testosterone and Winstrol cycle with a more informed and responsible mindset. Remember that these substances should not be taken lightly, and prioritizing safety and health is paramount throughout the entire process.\nTestosterone and Winstrol Cycle: What to Expect Once You Start the Cycle\nStarting a Testosterone and Winstrol cycle can be an exciting yet challenging endeavor, and understanding what to expect during the process is crucial for a successful outcome. Here are some key aspects to anticipate as you start your cycle:\n- Initial Gains: In the first few weeks of the cycle, you may experience rapid gains in strength and muscle mass. Testosterone, as the foundation of the stack, begins to exert its anabolic effects, increasing protein synthesis and nitrogen retention. These initial results can be quite motivating, but it’s essential to remember that much of this early progress may be due to water retention.\n- Enhanced Vascularity: Winstrol’s unique ability to reduce water retention can become more evident as the cycle progresses. This leads to a more vascular and defined appearance, with muscle striations becoming more visible. This is often a desired effect for bodybuilders seeking a lean and sculpted look.\n- Improved Stamina: Both Testosterone and Winstrol can enhance endurance and stamina, which can be beneficial for more extended and intense workouts. You may find yourself able to push through more reps and sets, leading to further gains in muscle size and strength.\n- Potential Side Effects: It’s crucial to remain vigilant for any potential side effects that may arise during the cycle. These can include acne, hair loss, changes in libido, mood swings, and fluctuations in blood pressure and cholesterol levels. If any adverse effects become bothersome or severe, consider adjusting your dosages or seeking medical advice.\n- Post-Cycle Changes: Once the 12-week cycle concludes, you’ll need to transition into post-cycle therapy (PCT) to help restore your body’s natural hormone production. During this phase, you might experience a temporary decrease in energy, mood, and overall well-being as your body adjusts to the absence of exogenous hormones.\nUnderstanding what to expect during a Testosterone and Winstrol cycle allows you to prepare mentally and physically for the journey ahead. It’s essential to maintain a balanced perspective, setting realistic goals and expectations. Remember that consistency, proper nutrition, and adequate rest are vital components of achieving and maintaining the gains you make during the cycle.\nTestosterone Enanthate and Winstrol Cycle: What this Stack Can Do\nWhen it comes to combining Testosterone Enanthate and Winstrol in a 12-week cycle, bodybuilders and fitness enthusiasts can anticipate a powerful synergy that can yield remarkable results. Testosterone Enanthate, a long-acting ester of Testosterone, forms the backbone of this stack, providing a steady release of the hormone into the body over an extended period. Winstrol, or Stanozolol, complements this base by enhancing the anabolic effects while reducing retained water levels, resulting in a leaner and more defined physique.\nOne of the primary benefits of this stack is the potential for substantial muscle growth. Testosterone Enanthate, as a potent anabolic hormone, stimulates protein synthesis and nitrogen retention, promoting muscle hypertrophy and increased strength. When combined with Winstrol, which has a reputation for providing a harder and more vascular appearance, the results can be particularly impressive.\nFurthermore, users of this combination can expect enhanced endurance and stamina, which can be advantageous during intense training sessions. The reduction in water retention caused by Winstrol contributes to a leaner and more sculpted look, making it a popular choice for individuals seeking to improve their aesthetics.\nHowever, it’s essential to emphasize that this stack, like any anabolic steroid cycle, comes with potential risks and side effects. Users should be vigilant for any signs of adverse effects, including changes in blood pressure, cholesterol levels, liver function, mood swings, and hormonal imbalances. Maintaining a responsible approach to dosages, regular monitoring, and incorporating a well-planned post-cycle therapy (PCT) regimen are essential to maximize the benefits while minimizing the potential drawbacks of this cycle.\nWinstrol and Testosterone Propionate Cycle: What this Stack Can Do\nThe combination of Winstrol (Stanozolol) and Testosterone Propionate in a 12-week cycle offers bodybuilders and athletes a dynamic blend of benefits that cater to specific fitness goals. Testosterone Propionate, known for its rapid action due to its short half-life, pairs well with Winstrol to create a cycle that delivers unique advantages.\nOne of the key benefits of this stack is the potential for enhanced muscle definition and a harder appearance. Testosterone Propionate, being a fast-acting form of Testosterone, provides a quick boost in anabolic activity, promoting muscle protein synthesis and nitrogen retention. When coupled with Winstrol’s capacity to reduce water retention and improve vascularity, users often experience a more sculpted, chiseled look.\nAdditionally, this stack can lead to notable increases in strength and endurance. Testosterone’s influence on muscle growth and recovery, coupled with Winstrol’s ability to enhance red blood cell production, results in improved stamina during workouts and an overall boost in performance. This can be particularly advantageous for those looking to push their physical limits in the gym.\nDespite these benefits, it’s vital to acknowledge the potential risks associated with this cycle, which include side effects such as acne, hair loss, mood swings, changes in libido, and potential cardiovascular issues. As with any steroid cycle, responsible usage, careful monitoring, and a well-structured post-cycle therapy (PCT) plan are essential to mitigate these risks and optimize the positive outcomes of the Winstrol and Testosterone Propionate stack.\nTestosterone Cypionate and Winstrol Cycle: What this Stack Can Do\nCombining Testosterone Cypionate with Winstrol in a 12-week cycle creates a potent synergy that can cater to various fitness goals. Testosterone Cypionate, known for its longer-lasting effects due to its extended half-life, and Winstrol, renowned for its ability to enhance muscle definition, offer a compelling combination for those seeking specific outcomes.\nOne of the primary advantages of this stack is the potential for significant muscle growth and strength gains. Testosterone Cypionate serves as a robust anabolic foundation, stimulating protein synthesis and nitrogen retention, which are essential for muscle hypertrophy and increased power. When paired with Winstrol’s ability to reduce water retention and promote a more chiseled physique, users can expect to see notable improvements in muscle size and definition.\nAdditionally, endurance and stamina are often enhanced in individuals using this combination. Testosterone’s role in muscle recovery, coupled with Winstrol’s ability to improve red blood cell production, leads to increased stamina during workouts and improved overall physical performance. This can be particularly beneficial for athletes and bodybuilders aiming to excel in their training sessions.\nHowever, it’s crucial to be aware of potential side effects associated with this cycle, including acne, hair loss, mood swings, changes in libido, cardiovascular issues, and hormonal imbalances. As with any steroid cycle, responsible dosing, vigilant monitoring, and a well-structured post-cycle therapy (PCT) plan are essential to minimize these risks and maximize the positive outcomes of the Testosterone Cypionate and Winstrol stack.\nWinstrol and Testosterone Cycle for Women: Is It A Good Choice for Female Bodybuilders?\nThe use of a Winstrol and Testosterone cycle among female bodybuilders is a topic that requires careful consideration and caution. While these compounds can offer benefits, they are typically not recommended for women due to the potential for virilization, which includes the development of masculine traits.\nTestosterone, even in small amounts, is a male sex hormone that can lead to unwanted side effects in women. When used in a cycle, it can cause voice deepening, facial hair growth, clitoral enlargement, and disruptions in menstrual cycles. These effects, known as virilization, are irreversible, and they can have a profound impact on a woman’s physical appearance and overall well-being.\nWinstrol, although milder in terms of androgenic effects compared to some other steroids, still carries a risk of virilization when used by women. While some female athletes have used Winstrol successfully in very low doses for short durations, it remains a risky choice.\nFor female bodybuilders or athletes seeking performance enhancement, alternative options with lower androgenic properties and a reduced risk of virilization should be explored. In general, female bodybuilders are encouraged to steer clear of Testosterone and Winstrol cycles to avoid the potential and irreversible side effects of virilization.\nOther Steroids to Stack with Winstrol and Testosterone for More Results\nWhile the combination of Winstrol and Testosterone can yield significant results for many individuals, some may opt to explore additional steroid compounds to further enhance their performance and physique. The choice of additional steroids to stack with Winstrol and Testosterone depends on specific goals, experience level, and tolerance to potential side effects.\nFor those seeking increased muscle mass and strength, the inclusion of compounds like Deca-Durabolin (Nandrolone Decanoate) or Anavar (Oxandrolone) can be considered. Deca-Durabolin is known for its excellent muscle-building properties and joint support, while Anavar is a milder steroid with less potential for water retention and androgenic side effects.\nAthletes aiming for leaner and more defined physiques may explore combinations with Masteron (Drostanolone) or Trenbolone. Masteron is valued for its hardening and drying effects on the body, while Trenbolone is renowned for its remarkable fat-burning and muscle-preserving abilities.\nHowever, it’s crucial to emphasize that adding more compounds to a cycle also increases the complexity and potential for side effects. Users must be well-informed about the properties and risks associated with each steroid, adjust dosages carefully, and consider additional measures such as liver support and cardiovascular health monitoring.\nFurthermore, post-cycle therapy (PCT) remains crucial when stacking multiple steroids to help restore natural hormone production and mitigate the risk of hormonal imbalances.\nIn bodybuilding and fitness, the strategic use of steroids like Winstrol and Testosterone has become a common practice to achieve remarkable gains in muscle mass, strength, and aesthetics. These cycles can offer substantial benefits, but they also come with significant potential risks and side effects. It is crucial for individuals considering such cycles to approach them with caution, responsibility, and a deep understanding of the compounds involved.\nWhile the synergy between Testosterone and Winstrol can lead to impressive results, the choice to embark on such a cycle should not be taken lightly. A comprehensive assessment of one’s health, careful dosing, vigilant monitoring of side effects, and a well-structured post-cycle therapy (PCT) plan are essential components for minimizing risks and maximizing the positive outcomes. Additionally, the consideration of alternative steroids and combinations should be done with prudence and under the guidance of experienced individuals who can provide informed advice tailored to individual goals and health profiles. Ultimately, the pursuit of fitness and performance enhancement should prioritize safety, health, and long-term well-being above all else.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://morquio.ca/?paged=1&portfolioID=4940&termID", "date": "2021-12-08T15:28:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363515.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20211208144647-20211208174647-00322.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9178797006607056, "token_count": 848, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__86082198", "lang": "en", "text": "Three children all suffer from genetic enzyme deficiency that could lead to early death CBC News Posted: Sep 15, 2015 5:30 AM CT Last Updated: Sep 15, 2015 6:43 AM CT A family in Saskatoon is waiting and hoping for the solution to a triple heartbreak. Three of the five children suffer from a crippling genetic disease that could kill\nGenetic Condition Caused By Enzyme Deficiency\nMissing or deficient enzyme (GALNS) causes cellular waste from the cells to store in the bones, tissues, organs, and muscles. This disease is characterized as a lysosomal storage disorder.\nLysosomal Storage Leads To Progressive Symptoms\nVirtually all bones, muscles, organs, and tissues in the body are affected by GALNS deficiency, leading to progressive, multi-systemic and debilitating symptoms.\nFirst Ever Treatment Now Available\nThe FDA, the European Commission, and Health Canada have all approved the first ever treatment for Morquio A Syndrome. Developed by Biomarin Pharmaceuticals, this enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) delivers a synthetic version of the GALNS enzyme into the bloodstream.\nHeart and Airway Disease\nPeople suffering from Morquio A Syndrome can develop respiratory failure, severe sleep apnea, and upper airway collapse. Affected individuals may also develop numerous and recurrent respiratory infections and a thickening of the heart valves.\nPeople with Morquio A Syndrome may have a wide range of skeletal symptoms. These can include shortened stature, spinal cord compression, bone deformities, chest protrusion, kyphosis, and scoliosis.\nUsually common in the second decade of life, hearing loss can be progressive and severe.\nEye and Vision Issues\nSome people with Morquio A Syndrome may develop severe corneal clouding and a debilitating decease in vision.\nFrequent Hospital Visits\nPeople with Morquio A Syndrome have frequent hospital stays for surgical procedures and to manage the symptoms of the disease.\nPatients battling Morquio A Syndrome often visit numerous specialists to help manage their disease. These can include, but aren’t limited to, MPS Genetics Specialists, Neurologists, Ophthalmologists, Orthopaedic Specialists, Cardiologists, ENTs, Pulmonologists, and Rheumatologists.\nIn almost all cases of Morquio A Syndrome, patients need multiple surgical procedures. These may include skeletal corrections, corneal transplants, heart valve replacements, spinal cord decompression, and other procedures.\nStudies have shown that endurance of affected individuals is impacted greatly due to the progression of the disease. Endurance has an impact on all facets of life. Recent clinical trials have shown a significant increase in endurance for all patients receiving enzyme replacement therapy.\nNew Hope for Morquio A Patients and Their Families\nIn 2014, the first ever treatment for Morquio A Syndrome was approved in the US, European Union, and Canada. Vimizim, created by Biomarin Pharmaceuticals, is a synthetic version of the GALNS enzyme that patients are lacking in their blood. This enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) was fast-tracked through the approval process in both the US and Canada because of the tremendous unmet need the treatment provided patients.\nClinical trial results were very promising, with patients seeing a sizeable increase in endurance, an excellent indicator for how well the treatment works. Endurance measures how well a patient’s body is performing. From heart to bones to pulmonary function, increased endurance indicates that those systems are working better.Jump To Biomarin’s Vimizim Information Page\nChildren Diagnosed With Ultra-Rare Condition; Treatment Already Being Funded In Ontario and Quebec (Sept. 14, 2015) The Saskatchewan Ministry of Health is currently considering an application for exceptional funding of a life-sustaining treatment required by three siblings from Saskatoon. 8 year-old Sara Amir, along with her siblings Khadija, 10 and Muhammad, 12 have been diagnosed with Morquio Syndrome, and all", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.mortongroveil.org/mosquitos-test-positive-for-west-nile-virus-in-morton-grove/", "date": "2018-04-27T00:54:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125948738.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20180427002118-20180427022118-00317.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9398345351219177, "token_count": 345, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__98507085", "lang": "en", "text": "The Village has been informed by the North Shore Mosquito Abatement District (NSMAD) that West Nile Virus positive mosquitoes have been found in traps set out in Morton Grove.\nA batch of mosquitoes, collected on June 2, 2017, from a NSMAD trap in Morton Grove, tested positive for West Nile Virus (WNV) in their lab on June 6.\nWNV positive batches of mosquitoes have also been found in NSMAD traps located in Evanston and Skokie.\nWhile the risk of being infected with WNV is low at this time of year, the NSMAD recommends that residents take personal protection measures to minimize mosquito bites including: using insect repellent, wearing loose fitting clothing and avoiding peak mosquito feeding times during the hours around dawn and dusk. Residents are urged to examine their property and eliminate any items that can hold water, particularly smaller items that may be easily overlooked.\nFor additional information regarding what to look for around your home to discourage mosquitos, visit http://www.nsmad.com/fight-the-bite/around-your-home-2/. Information regarding mosquito repellents can be found at http://www.nsmad.com/fight-the-bite/repellent/. Remember, if it can hold water, it can breed mosquitoes.\nResidents should follow the advice at this address if they find a dead bird: http://www.mortongroveil.org/how-to-handle-a-dead-bird/.\nIf residents would rather call the North Shore Mosquito Abatement District with their questions, they can be reached at 847 446-9434.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://fieldguidetofishes.com/", "date": "2013-05-23T08:28:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703035278/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111715-00076-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9098684191703796, "token_count": 170, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__116830990", "lang": "en", "text": "Written by Fish Lovers for Fish Lovers…\nWe are proud to announce the publication of\nA Field Guide to Coastal Fishes from Maine to Texas\nby Val Kells and Kent Carpenter.\nComprehensive and compact, this 448-page guide includes 1,079 full color illustrations and descriptions of over 1,006 marine and brackish water species.\nThis is the first field guide of its kind to be entirely illustrated in full color. Illustrations are large, and meticulously researched. Descriptions are concise, accurate and provide information about features, habitat and biology. It is accurate and up-to-date, using the most recently accepted taxonomy and nomenclature.\nScientists, fishermen, students, naturalists, divers, and fish enthusiasts alike will find this book essential, informative, and very easy to use.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.emilyplatzer.com/2014/03/31/hamming-time.html", "date": "2020-02-21T19:17:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145534.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20200221172509-20200221202509-00143.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8649015426635742, "token_count": 861, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__123171046", "lang": "en", "text": "So in my previous post I mentioned Exercism. This website consists of a series of coding challenges in several different coding languages. My chosen track is Ruby, of course. Again, the list of exercises in this track is at GitHub.\nI have worked through several of the exercises thus far. One whose very premise made me happy was the Hamming exercise… put in two lengths of DNA and calculate their Hamming distance. In one of my previous incarnations, I worked in a lab tossing plasmids into sweet innocent bacterial strains… slave labour to manufacture proteins. Anyway, I knew exactly what this exercise was trying to measure.\nFollowing is the README, or basic instructions of the exercise:\nWrite a program that can calculate the Hamming difference between two DNA strands.\nA mutation is simply a mistake that occurs during the creation or copying of a nucleic acid, in particular DNA. Because nucleic acids are vital to cellular functions, mutations tend to cause a ripple effect throughout the cell. Although mutations are technically mistakes, a very rare mutation may equip the cell with a beneficial attribute. In fact, the macro effects of evolution are attributable by the accumulated result of beneficial microscopic mutations over many generations.\nThe simplest and most common type of nucleic acid mutation is a point mutation, which replaces one base with another at a single nucleotide.\nBy counting the number of differences between two homologous DNA strands taken from different genomes with a common ancestor, we get a measure of the minimum number of point mutations that could have occurred on the evolutionary path between the two strands.\nThis is called the ‘Hamming distance’\nMy first iteration of this exercise is as follows:\nclass Hamming def self.compute(dna_strand_1, dna_strand_2) dna_strand_1_array = dna_strand_1.split(//) dna_strand_2_array = dna_strand_2.split(//) length_shortest_strand = dna_strand_1.length length_shortest_strand = dna_strand_2.length if dna_strand_2.length < dna_strand_1.length i=0 hamming_distance = 0 while i < length_shortest_strand if dna_strand_1_array[i] != dna_strand_2_array[i] hamming_distance = hamming_distance+1 end i+=1 end hamming_distance end end\nIn my second iteration, I realized that there is no need to split the DNA strand into an array due to the each_char method. In addition, iterating to the end of strand 1 and ensuring that we were comparing to an existing base pair in strand 2, the length_shortest_strand variable could be eliminated.\nclass Hamming def self.compute(dna_strand_1, dna_strand_2) i = 0 hamming_distance = 0 dna_strand_1.each_char do |x| hamming_distance += 1 if dna_strand_2.byteslice(i) != x && dna_strand_2.byteslice(i) != nil i += 1 end hamming_distance end end\nMy last iteration utilized the with_index method to eliminate the iterator variable. I also assigned the individual base pairs that were being compared to the variable base_pair_a and base_pair_b for more readability.\nclass Hamming def self.compute(dna_strand_a, dna_strand_b) hamming_distance = 0 dna_strand_a.each_char.with_index do |base_pair_a, i| base_pair_b = dna_strand_b[i] hamming_distance += 1 if base_pair_b != base_pair_a && base_pair_b != nil end hamming_distance end end\nThis was a fun exercise!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cocanatural.com/en/coca-tea-or-mate-de-coca/?wishlist-action&lang=en", "date": "2021-09-20T05:12:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057018.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20210920040604-20210920070604-00271.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9572784304618835, "token_count": 1058, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__98973860", "lang": "en", "text": "Coca tea (known in Peru as mate de coca) , is an herbal tea made from the leaves of the coca plant.\n|Holy coca leaf infusion|\n|Coca tea (known in Peru as mate de coca) , is an herbal tea made from the leaves of the coca plant. The coca leaf is cut and put in a tea bag and is used as a normal tisane: by dipping a coca tea bag in hot water. Mate de coca is a very popular tisane in Peru where it is consumed as a digestive tea and even to treat altitude sickness. (that’s why it is so popular among the mountaineers who climb the Andes).\nTraditional medical uses of coca are foremost as a stimulant to overcome fatigue, hunger, and thirst. It is considered particularly effective against altitude sickness. It also is used as an anaesthetic to alleviate the pain of headache and sores, etc. Before stronger anaesthetics were available, coca leaves were also used for broken bones, childbirth, and during trephining operations on the skull.\n|Is coca tea a drug?|\n|Even tough the leaves of the coca plant contain several alkaloids including cocaine, it does not mean that coca leaf is equivalent to cocaine because to produce cocaine from the leaves it isneeded several kilos of leaves and some chemical products and processes to extract a few grams of cocaine which is not the case when consuming the leaves naturally and directly as a tea.\nThe tiny quantities of alkaloid that are naturally present in coca leavesprovide only a slight energising sensation and are not addicting at all. In Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, indigenous people chew coca leaves for energy to work all day long without eating.\nCoca tea is sold in Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador in the supermarkets besides the other kinds of teas, there is even no limitation of age to purchase coca tea. It is seen as another kind of tea in these countries and it is starting to be seen as so in the rest of the countries.\n|The Coca plant|\nCoca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca, spelled koka in Quechua and Aymara, resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of 2–3 m (7–10 ft). The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, and taper at the extremities. A marked characteristic of the leaf is an areolated portion bounded by two longitudinal curved lines, one line on each side of the midrib, and more conspicuous on the under face of the leaf.\nCoca leaves have been used for centuries as a stimulant. Pre-Incan Indians used the leaves to relieve altitude sickness (hypoxia), hunger and fatigue. Coca is traditionally cultivated in the lower altitudes of the eastern slopes of the Andes, or the highlands depending on the species grown. Since ancient times, its leaves have been an important trade commodity between the lowlands where it is grown and the higher altitudes where it is widely consumed by the Andean peoples of Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Bolivia.\nTraces of coca have been found in mummies dating to 3000 years ago. Extensive archeological evidence for the chewing of coca leaves dates back at least to the sixth century A.D. Moche period, and the subsequent Inca period, based on mummies found with a supply of coca leaves, pottery depicting the characteristic cheek bulge of a coca chewer, spatulas for extracting alkali and figured bags for coca leaves and lime made from precious metals, and gold representations of coca in special gardens of the Inca in Cuzco. Coca chewing may originally have been limited to the eastern Andes before its introduction to the Incas.\n|COCA TEA INFUSIONS|\n|Coca tea – Frequently asked questions|\n|1. Is it legal to import coca tea?\nCoca tea is completely legal in Peru and in all South America, there you can buy it in every supermarket along with other kinds of teas. As it is made from coca leaves, it sometimes is seen as a part of the drug group but customs know that this is a normal tea that has nothing to do with cocaine so it is in a fuzzy zone of classification.\n2. Where to buy coca tea in the USA?\nYou won´t find coca tea in any store in the USA or in other country apart from South America because its import is forbidden; so the only possibility is to purchase for personal use from our Peruvian partenrs webstore clicking the next link: buy coca tea\n3. What happens if the customs stops my order?\nIt is very rare that the customs service stops the entrance but if that´s the case, the package will come back to our office and we will refund your payment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.robotichipandkneereplacementla.com/synovitis-scar-tissue/", "date": "2023-10-02T13:43:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511000.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002132844-20231002162844-00572.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9113472104072571, "token_count": 429, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__112793600", "lang": "en", "text": "The knee is one of the synovial joints in the body. The joint is encapsulated by a synovial membrane that releases synovial fluid to lubricate the knee joint. Certain knee injuries or conditions can cause the synovial membrane to become inflamed, resulting in synovitis. Knee synovitis is a secondary condition – synovitis treatment often involves treating the underlying cause as well as synovitis symptoms. At Robotic Hip and Knee Replacement LA, we offer synovitis treatment, including knee scar tissue removal surgery, at our clinic in Los Angeles.\nCauses and Symptoms of Knee Synovitis\nThere are many different possible causes of an inflamed knee synovial membrane. Gout and rheumatoid arthritis are autoimmune disorders that can cause synovitis in the knees and other synovial joints. A knee injury or disease, like cancer, can cause synovitis, or the disease can occur on its own. Knee synovitis can also be a complication of knee replacement surgery. The synovial lining can produce excess scar tissue that is pinched between the implant components, resulting in inflammation and pain. Symptoms of knee synovitis include:\n- Redness and warmth around the knee\n- Swelling in the knee joint\n- Stiffness in the knee joint, often worse in the morning\nKnee synovitis treatment depends on the cause of the synovial membrane or lining inflammation. Injury or arthritis complications that cause synovitis may respond well to ice, rest and anti-inflammatory medications. For complications from a knee replacement surgery, knee arthroscopy may be required to remove the inflamed knee scar tissue to relieve pain and improve knee function.\nIf you are experiencing knee synovitis symptoms, contact us at Robotic Hip and Knee Replacement LA to book your appointment or use the online appointment form on our contact page. We can schedule an exam and consultation with our knee specialist, Dr. Farzin Kabaei, at our orthopedic clinic in Beverly Hills.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://crossroadsnaturopathic.com/naturopathic/holistic-approach-to-fertility.php", "date": "2019-08-20T23:14:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315681.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20190820221802-20190821003802-00016.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9463900327682495, "token_count": 707, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__117557702", "lang": "en", "text": "Naturopathic | Holistic Approach to Fertility\nMany couples struggle with fertility now more than ever before. The good news is that more people are becoming aware of the treatment options to assist in making a healthy pregnancy a reality. The practitioners at Crossroads focus on treating each part of the menstrual cycle to enhance fertility. A combination of diet, exercise, herbs and acupuncture can be effective.\nDuring the Menstrual Cycle\nAcupuncture and Chinese herbs have an amazing effect on clearing the uterine lining, which is important for implantation during ovulation. This can be especially relevant in a woman who has fibroids, polyps, endometriosis or very clotty periods.\nAfter the Period - the Follicular Phase\nIn many cases, women who have waited to start a family can have difficulty with preparing for ovulation in the follicular phase of the cycle. In Chinese Medicine, this is often described as Kidney Yin or Essence (jing) deficiency. In Western Medicine, these women often have elevated FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) levels, have been told that their AMH (anti-mullerian hormone) levels would make it difficult to conceive naturally, are hypothyroid or having irregular ovulations. Holistic treatments such as acupuncture, Chinese herbs, diet & certain supplements treat Kidney Yin and Essence deficiency. The goal is to enhance follicle development, produce a healthy endometrial lining and effective ovulations to increase female fertility and the likelihood of conception & implantation around ovulation.\nOvulation is an exciting time for couples and practitioners. Much of fertility has to do with timing and knowing when the right time is to \"try.\" Practitioners teach women how to recognize the signs of ovulation. Some challenges that we often see in this phase are a physical blockage preventing the egg from it's descent to meet the sperm or a sluggish conversion of Yin to Yang energy-allowing the ripened follicle to be released. There are ways to remedy the above situations using both western medical technology, as well as Chinese herbs, acupuncture and naturopathic medicine.\nAfter Ovulation - the Luteal Phase\nIn some cases, there is Kidney Yang and/or Kidney Qi deficiency. This is common in younger women who are very thin, overweight women, those who are always cold, women diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), or women with luteal phase defect (a short luteal phase of less than 14 days). From a hormone perspective, this can be reflective of lower progesterone output in the woman resulting in an insufficient uterine lining to support pregnancy after conception.\nThe good news is that there are many different approaches to remedy Kidney Yang and/or Kidney Qi deficiency through diet, lifestyle, herbs, supplements and acupuncture. After treatment, many women who have miscarried in the past go on to have healthy full term pregnancies and babies.\nTwenty percent of fertility cases we see are related to male fertility-issues with sperm concentration, sperm motility or sperm morphology. Acupuncture, herbs, and natural supplements can support male fertility, alongside some diet and lifestyle recommendations.\nWe have much to offer couples struggling with fertility or who just need a little guidance. We also offer pregnancy support, labor preparation support and post-partum and lactation support.\nPlease contact us at Crossroads Naturopathic Clinic 604.568.6899 to book your appointment today.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://blog.magicgini.com/how-to-prevent-and-treat-obesity-in-dogs/", "date": "2024-02-23T14:34:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474412.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223121413-20240223151413-00533.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.945641279220581, "token_count": 1890, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__196057394", "lang": "en", "text": "Table of Contents\nCanine obesity is a growing concern that can significantly impact the health and well-being of our furry friends. As responsible pet owners, it is essential to understand the causes of obesity in dogs, recognize the signs of overweight, and take proactive steps to prevent and treat this condition. In this article, we will explore various aspects of canine obesity and provide practical tips to help you keep your dog in optimal shape.\nUnderstanding Canine Obesity\nCanine obesity occurs when a dog's body accumulates excess fat, leading to an unhealthy body weight. This condition can affect dogs of all breeds, ages, and sizes. Understanding the causes and potential health risks associated with obesity is crucial in combating this issue.\nObesity in dogs is a growing concern in today's society. With the rise of sedentary lifestyles and an abundance of food options, it's no wonder that our furry friends are also falling victim to this epidemic. However, it's important to delve deeper into the causes of obesity in dogs to fully comprehend the extent of this problem.\nThe Causes of Obesity in Dogs\nSeveral factors contribute to obesity in dogs, including overfeeding, a sedentary lifestyle, genetic predisposition, and certain medical conditions. Feeding dogs excessive amounts of food or constantly providing treats can result in excessive calorie intake, leading to weight gain over time. It's important for dog owners to be mindful of portion sizes and to provide a balanced diet to prevent overfeeding.\nMoreover, a sedentary lifestyle can also contribute to weight gain in dogs. Just like humans, dogs need regular physical exercise to maintain a healthy weight. Without adequate exercise, dogs are unable to burn off excess calories, leading to weight gain. It's essential for dog owners to prioritize daily exercise routines, such as walks, playtime, or even agility training, to keep their furry companions fit and active.\nIn some cases, genetics can play a role in a dog's predisposition to obesity. Certain breeds are more prone to weight gain, such as Labrador Retrievers, Beagles, and Cocker Spaniels. Understanding a dog's breed and potential genetic predispositions can help owners take proactive measures to prevent obesity.\nAdditionally, certain medical conditions can contribute to weight gain in dogs. Hormonal imbalances, such as hypothyroidism, can slow down a dog's metabolism, making it easier for them to gain weight. It's important for dog owners to consult with a veterinarian if they suspect any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to their dog's obesity.\nThe Health Risks Associated with Canine Obesity\nObesity can have severe health consequences for dogs. Overweight dogs are at a higher risk of developing various conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, respiratory issues, arthritis, and even certain types of cancer. The excess weight puts additional strain on their joints and organs, leading to long-term health complications.\nDiabetes is a common health issue in obese dogs. The excess fat in their bodies can interfere with insulin production and regulation, leading to insulin resistance and diabetes. This chronic condition requires careful management and can significantly impact a dog's quality of life.\nHeart disease is another serious health risk associated with obesity in dogs. The excess weight puts a strain on the heart, leading to increased blood pressure and the potential development of heart conditions. Regular exercise and a healthy diet are essential in maintaining a healthy heart for our furry friends.\nRespiratory issues are also more prevalent in obese dogs. The excess weight can put pressure on their lungs, making it harder for them to breathe properly. This can lead to respiratory distress and a decreased ability to engage in physical activities.\nFurthermore, obesity can worsen existing medical conditions in dogs. For example, dogs with arthritis already experience joint pain and inflammation. The added weight from obesity can exacerbate these symptoms, making it even more challenging for dogs to move comfortably. This can greatly impact their overall quality of life and mobility.\nLastly, studies have shown a correlation between obesity and certain types of cancer in dogs. The excess fat cells in their bodies can promote the growth of cancerous cells, increasing the risk of developing cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the chances of cancer and improve a dog's overall well-being.\nIn conclusion, understanding the causes and health risks associated with canine obesity is crucial in addressing this issue. By being aware of the factors that contribute to obesity and the potential health consequences, dog owners can take proactive measures to prevent and manage obesity in their furry companions. A healthy diet, regular exercise, and veterinary guidance are key in ensuring that our dogs lead long, happy, and healthy lives.\nRecognizing Obesity in Your Dog\nSpotting the signs of obesity in your dog is vital for timely intervention. While it may seem challenging to determine if your dog is overweight, there are several key indicators to look out for.\nSigns Your Dog May Be Overweight\nOne of the most noticeable signs of canine obesity is difficulty feeling your dog's ribs and spine under the layer of fat. Additionally, an overweight dog may have a visibly rounder or bloated appearance, have difficulty breathing, or tire quickly during exercise. If you suspect your dog is overweight, it is crucial to consult with your vet for an accurate assessment.\nConsulting with Your Vet About Your Dog's Weight\nYour veterinarian is an invaluable resource in helping you determine and address your dog's weight issue. They can perform a thorough examination, assess your dog's body condition score, and provide personalized recommendations for managing your dog's weight. Working closely with your vet will help you develop a tailored plan to address your dog's specific needs.\nPreventing Obesity in Dogs\nPreventing obesity is always easier than treating it. By implementing a proper diet and exercise routine, you can significantly reduce the chances of your dog becoming overweight. Let's explore some preventive measures you can take.\nThe Role of Diet in Preventing Canine Obesity\nA well-balanced and portion-controlled diet plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy weight for your dog. Consult with your veterinarian to determine the appropriate daily caloric intake for your dog based on their age, breed, and activity level. Ensure that you are feeding your dog a high-quality diet that meets their nutritional needs without excessive calories.\nThe Importance of Regular Exercise for Dogs\nRegular exercise is essential for keeping your dog physically fit and mentally stimulated. Engaging in activities such as daily walks, playtime, and interactive games not only helps burn calories but also strengthens the bond between you and your furry companion. Aim for at least 30 minutes to an hour of exercise each day, but adjust based on your dog's individual needs and limitations.\nTreating Obesity in Dogs\nIf your dog is already obese, it's essential to take proactive steps to help them shed the excess weight and improve their overall health. Consulting with your veterinarian and following a structured weight loss plan are vital in achieving success.\nCreating a Weight Loss Plan for Your Dog\nYour vet can develop a customized weight loss plan for your dog, including a targeted calorie intake, portion sizes, and feeding schedule. This plan may involve gradually reducing the amount of food and treats your dog consumes and incorporating regular weigh-ins to monitor progress effectively. It is important to follow the plan consistently and make adjustments as necessary under your vet's guidance.\nMonitoring Your Dog's Progress\nRegular monitoring is crucial in assessing your dog's weight loss journey. Keep a record of your dog's weight and body condition score, and track any changes in their overall health and behavior. Celebrate milestones along the way and stay motivated to continue making progress. Remember, weight loss should be gradual and sustainable to minimize any negative impact on your dog's well-being.\nMaintaining a Healthy Weight for Your Dog\nOnce your dog has achieved their target weight, maintaining a healthy lifestyle becomes paramount. By implementing some long-term strategies and knowing when to seek professional help, you can help your dog sustain their weight loss and overall well-being.\nLong-Term Strategies for Keeping Your Dog Healthy\nContinue to follow a consistent feeding schedule and portion control measures to prevent future weight gain. Incorporate regular exercise into your dog's routine and provide mental stimulation through training and interactive toys. Additionally, regular check-ups with your vet will help identify any potential weight-related issues and allow for timely intervention if needed.\nWhen to Seek Professional Help for Your Dog's Weight\nIf you encounter challenges in maintaining your dog's weight or suspect any underlying medical conditions, it is essential to seek professional help promptly. Your veterinarian can provide guidance, perform necessary tests, and assist you in managing any complex weight-related issues effectively.\nIn conclusion, preventing and treating obesity in dogs is crucial to their overall health and well-being. By understanding the causes of obesity, recognizing the signs of overweight, employing preventive measures, and following a structured weight loss plan if necessary, you can help your dog live a long, healthy, and active life. Regular veterinary care and ongoing monitoring are vital components in ensuring the success of your dog's weight management journey. Remember, your furry friend relies on you for their health, so be proactive, supportive, and committed to their well-being.\nThe Gini Editorial Newsletter\nJoin the newsletter to receive the latest updates in your inbox.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.edgefitness.co.nz/2016/04/10-reasons-why-you-should-be-doing-resistance-training/", "date": "2024-04-17T14:36:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817158.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417142102-20240417172102-00676.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9456814527511597, "token_count": 858, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__101622606", "lang": "en", "text": "- You will gain lean muscle while losing body fat at the same time. Adding less than 1kg of muscle will burn up to 100 calories more a day while doing absolutely nothing! Your metabolism stays elevated for an entire hour after resistance training burning calories where as with cardio the minute you stop is the minute you stop burning calories. Doing cardio alone will burn body fat but unfortunately it will also burn muscle which is the reason why resistance training should play a major part in your weekly exercise programme.\n- You will decrease your risk of osteoporosis. This is especially important if your female. Scientifically proven that resistance training can improve your bone density by 13% in just 6 months with an appropriate programme.\n- Done correctly resistance training will improve your posture. Whether you sit behind a desk all day or just aging in general sooner or later your shoulders are going to get rounder and rounder moving forward. There’s only one way to prevent this from happening and that’s by building muscle in your upper back muscles. Choosing specific exercises in the form of resistance training will pull your shoulders back to keep your posture perfect.\n- Resistance training reduces blood pressure and improves heart function. Resistance training significantly improves heart function. It has been shown in study after study that resistance training will decrease blood pressure. I have seen it first hand with a client who had not being doing resistance training BUT had been walking 40min a day at a fast pace with high blood pressure. Only once she began resistance training did her blood pressure drop to where it should be. Resistance training also enhances artery function by reducing inflammation increasing better blood flow.\n- Resistance training helps prevent and improve diabetes. It’s no secret now that resistance training has a very positive effect on blood sugar function and insulin. As you know resistance training done correctly will build muscle which increases your lean tissues receptivity to insulin which increases your muscles demand for glucose transporting it from the blood stream. This helps prevent diabetes, while at the same time keeping your bodyfat lower.\n- Resistance training has positive effects on hormones in both males and females. Testosterone is elevated in males after resistance training where as females who do resistance training have lower estrogen levels which means lower body fat and also lessens the chances of breast cancer.\n- Resistance training will prevent you from losing muscle tissue as you age. Scientifically proven, adults who do NOT do resistance training will lose between 2.5-3kgs of muscle every decade. As this occurs your metabolism slows down causing you to start storing more body fat. Although endurance exercise improves our cardiovascular fitness it does not prevent the loss of muscle tissue as we age. From the age of 25 our hormone levels begin to drop off hence the loss of muscle tissue if you are not doing resistance training.\n- Resistance training will reduce arthritic pain. I have seen this first hand with a client who had been on medication for painful arthritis of the spine. After 4 months of resistance training she was able to stop all medication and was pain free. Every Christmas she would go away on holiday for 3 weeks and the pain would begin to return, upon resumption of resistance training she would once again be pain free.\n- Physically you will be a lot stronger doing resistance training than not doing it. Whether it’s lifting around the work place or doing general chores around the home what once felt heavy won’t anymore. Lifting children whether your a parent or grandparent won’t cause you to break your back because your abs legs and upper body will be so much stronger. Expect your strength to increase by 30-50% in the first 6 months if you are doing resistance training correctly.\n- Resistance training helps depression. An American university study found just 10 weeks of resistance training reduced clinical depression more successfully than standard counselling.\nLike anything there is a right and a wrong way to do things and resistance training is no different. There a certain systems that should be followed. The body will adapt so in order to keep improving your training must also advance in different ways for continued success. With 20 years of resistance training experience I’m equipped to help you achieve all of your goals.\ncontact me at either:\n027 4156 711", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://theholtshappenings.blogspot.com/2011/01/muir-woods.html", "date": "2020-01-21T18:33:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250604849.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20200121162615-20200121191615-00497.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9643740653991699, "token_count": 287, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__95105312", "lang": "en", "text": "Once we saw the sights in San Francisco we headed about 30 minutes outside the city in search of the famous California redwood trees.\nOn the way we stopped for the most delicious feast at this little restaurant...\nA charming little coffe shop with the amazing breakfast. If any of you are headed to the San Fransisco area, you have to dine here.\nAfter the much needed nourishment we made it to Muir Woods .\nMuch to my surprise, we did not see the huge trees I was envisioning. I was expecting the giant redwoods- you know the massive trees with trunks you can drive through in a car. Little did I know that I would learn something on this trip. There are 2 species of \"redwoods.\" There are the \"big trees\" or giant sequoia redwoods. There are also coastal redwoods which are the tallest living things on our planet. Some of them are 360 feet tall - this is what we saw in Muir Woods.\nOne day soon I hope to visit Sequoia National Park to see the largest trees in the world, specifically General Sherman - the circumference of its trunk is over 100 feet. For now, I'll settle for some of the tallest...\nInteresting fact: Return of the Jedi was filmed here.\nIt is truely an enchanting area.\nAfter visiting the redwood trees we went to Muir Beach", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cosvertours.com/tours/000004/Holbox", "date": "2020-07-08T07:25:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655896905.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20200708062424-20200708092424-00536.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9165338277816772, "token_count": 313, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__105318194", "lang": "en", "text": "Holbox is a beautiful and picturesque Caribbean island located in the north of the Yucatan Peninsula, in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo.\nIt forms part of the Yum Balam Nature Reserve, and is separated from the mainland by the Yalahau Lagoon, where many flamingos and pelicans inhabit.\nThe island is located between the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, with waters full of marine flora and fauna, including sea turtles. Among the highlights of visiting the island are the tranquil village of Holbox and Punta Coco Beach.\nDepartures Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.\n- Swim in the Cenote Yalahau and visit the Mirador.\n- Visit la Isla de Pasión (The Island of Passion), walk in the water to observe the diversity of migratory birds, some of those in danger of extinction and the famous nest of the Osprey.\n- An exilerating trip in a golf cart around Isla Holbox, where you can learn a little of the local culture and admire the artistic murals of the island as they pass slowly by!\n- Time to relax on the beach in front of the restaurant where you can take advantage of the numerous hammocks and lounge chairs.\n- Air-conditioned Transportation.\n- Visiting 3 islands by boat.\n- Snacks (fruit, cookies, juice and water)\n- Dinner - Fish filet or Chicken.\n- Drinks during dinner.\nTour Options ~", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://shop.milkweedmarket.org/", "date": "2024-04-21T01:00:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817699.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421005612-20240421035612-00329.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9496462345123291, "token_count": 589, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__7283814", "lang": "en", "text": "Welcome to Monarch Watch's Milkweed Market!\nMonarch butterfly overwintering counts hit all-time lows in recent years and the widespread planting of herbicide tolerant crops, intensive farming, and the ethanol mandate have led to a rapid loss of habitat for monarchs and other pollinators. These important insects need our help. By planting milkweeds (the host plants for monarch caterpillars) and nectar plants for adult monarchs and pollinators, you can help maintain the monarch migration and sustain the insects whose pollination services maintain our ecosystems.\nThe Milkweed Market is open for Spring 2024 preorders!\nImportant Ordering Information:\nAbout Our Milkweed Flats:\n- Shipping & handling fees are included in the price of the flats of milkweed plugs.\n- When you submit your order, your credit card will be charged, and you will receive an email confirming your milkweed request has been received.\n- We typically ship milkweed to Texas and Oklahoma in April and other regions after 1 May. You will only be able to order milkweed that is available to ship to your ZIP code.\n- Availability is ultimately based on our seed supply and propagation success. If we are unable to fulfill your milkweed order, we will send an email confirming the cancellation and issue a refund to your credit card.\n- As the milkweeds near shipping readiness, we review orders with our nurseries to ensure we can fulfill all orders. Once confirmed, you will receive an email indicating your order has been approved for shipping.\n- You will receive a tracking number and other shipment details via email when your milkweed flat(s) ship.\n- By placing an order, you agree to accept plants that are not showy, but have viable roots that, with proper care, will grow to become critical monarch habitat. See below for additional information.\n- These native plants are grown in wholesale restoration nurseries, not retail nurseries. Unlike plants grown for showiness at a retail nursery, these are grown for habitat restoration and are often trimmed of leaves prior to shipment to conserve water. This does not harm the plants. Most plants will arrive with green leaves; however, some may lack leaves due to recent trimming or dormancy.\n- The roots are the most important part of these hardy natives. Do not discard plants that have come out of their flat during shipping! They are still viable even if the stems and leaves are broken and they will still establish from the well-developed roots. We are not responsible for damage to plants during shipping.\n- These milkweed plugs are too young to be a suitable source of milkweed for monarch rearing kits. They are native, perennial plants that must be planted and allowed to mature before harvesting leaves for rearing. Once established, these milkweeds will provide significant monarch habitat as the food source for monarch caterpillars for years to come.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://ascentofhumanity.blogspot.com/2008/07/fleas.html", "date": "2017-04-24T17:04:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119642.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00519-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9576438665390015, "token_count": 766, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__219096014", "lang": "en", "text": "Yesterday I discovered that my kittens have fleas. Not a huge number, but I'm told these critters tend to multiply. So my first step, besides vacuuming daily so they don't spread to the house, was to improve their diet. A healthy animal should be able to handle parasites. Parasites, like most diseases, are a symptom and not a cause of ill health.\nWait. Did your eyes kind of swim past that last sentence without realizing how outrageous it is? I just contradicted the fundamental tenet of modern medicine, which is that germs cause disease. This belief is not an isolated peculiarity of the medical system, but is embedded in deeper paradigms of science and civilization. It fits in with the mentality of control too. If you can identify the pathogen, then the cure is to eliminate the pathogen. That is what we do with antibiotics, or with a flea collar. If a field has weeds, spray an herbicide. If a crop has insects, spray an insecticide. If the world has evil, eliminate the bad guys. If you have negative thoughts, kill those too. The germ theory of disease leads naturally to a mentality of war. We hear quite often the phrase \"The battle against AIDS,\" or cancer or bacteria.\nIf we see germs as primarily a symptom and not a cause of ill health, then eliminating them is at best a temporary or secondary priority. The primary question becomes: Why are there germs here? Why are there fleas? That reason may not be a single, definable cause, but a constellation of causes, a holistic state of being.\nEastern North America is experiencing a catastrophic outbreak of Lyme disease, spread mostly by deer ticks. A control-based solution would be a vaccine against Lyme, or a way to kill the spirochete or kill the ticks. Looking symptomatically though, we see the tick infestation as a sign of something deeper. When I was kid you could trudge through the high grass all day and not get a tick. Today I get them sometimes from a short hike on a suburban park path. The proliferation of ticks is probably a symptom of sick deer, and that is a symptom of a sick forest. Just as candida overruns a human body depleted of its internal ecology, so do certain species overrun other depleted ecosystems. The forests in the East have been clearcut at least three times in the past 150 years, and their once numerous species reduced to a handful.\nWe are nearing the end of the Age of Separation, the age of control. There is no magic spray that is going to make the forests healthy again. It is the regime of control itself that we will abandon to recover health. We will end the state of war, against germs, against self, against nature. And against fleas. I am grateful to the fleas for alerting me that my kittens are not healthy. I had been lazy, feeding them Kitten Chow instead of the raw meat, liver, egg yolks, kelp powder, etc. I'd been feeding them. (Does anyone have any holistic cat food tips?)\nAny time I have a physical symptom of ill health, I am also grateful to that. It shows me there is something to pay attention to. We can suppress symptoms, but if the underlying imbalance remains they'll come back, perhaps in some other form. The same is true of \"negativity\" in my mind. Don't go to war against yourself: not your anger, not your fear, not your laziness or any other negative quality. Each points to something. To what? There are no universal guidelines. My next Reality Sandwich essay will discuss how to work with pain and negativity though, in some depth.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://andcoffee.com.bn/products/books-2021-12-20", "date": "2024-02-27T13:22:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474676.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227121318-20240227151318-00581.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9413813352584839, "token_count": 233, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__23401807", "lang": "en", "text": "Every human body carries a secret cargo: a huge population of microorganisms living in the mouth, on the skin, in the gut. They help digest our food. They make essential vitamins. They break down toxins and metabolise drugs. They exert an invisible influence on our hormones, our immune systems, perhaps even our brains.\nThis is the human microbiome - a living, shifting system of previously unimagined importance and complexity.\nIn this first book-length account of this new realm of human biology, award-winning science writer Jon Turney explores the microbiome in detail, charting its birth and development, investigating how it works, and assessing its many implications for our health, including its potential to shed new light on conditions such as bowel diseases, cancer, allergies and asthma. He considers the potential impacts of our modern disinfectant and antibiotic obsessions, and ponders a future of designer microbiomes and mood-altering probiotics.\nThis book will make you think again about your relationship with your body, your habits - even your sense of who and what you are - as it reveals what it means to be a 21st century superorganism.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.fruittreesandmore.com/", "date": "2023-12-06T21:17:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100603.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206194439-20231206224439-00580.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8960066437721252, "token_count": 649, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__137017662", "lang": "en", "text": "Bob and Verna Duncan\n724 Wain Road, North Saanich, BC, Canada, V8L 5N8 (near Sidney/Victoria)\nRemay: floating row cover (aka frost protection). Recommend double or triple layers for maximum effectiveness.\nThermostats: – weatherproof enclosure; pre-wired, 8 ft cord with piggyback plug. Use with standard 110/120 volt outlet. Temperature range 30°F – 110°F. Can be set at or just above 0°C (32°F) to turn Christmas lights on when the temperature drops to freezing.\nOur nursery specializes in Citrus, Figs, Warm Temperate, and Mediterranean / Sub-tropical fruit trees.\nPlease contact us for varieties and availability. Pre-orders and deposits are encouraged.\nCitrus trees – lemons, limes, hardy citrus (Yuzu, Sudachi), mandarin oranges, navel oranges, cocktail grapefruit (mandalo), kaffir limes, kumquats, sour oranges, blood oranges, finger limes.\nFig trees – many common and especially unusual varieties – some of which we are introducing to North America. Photos and descriptions of the primary fig varieties we carry can be seen here.\nWarm-temperate & Mediterranean / Sub-tropical fruit trees - chilean guava, feijoa (pineapple guava), goji, kiwi, loquats, medlar, mulberries, olives, pawpaws, persimmons, pomegranates, tea.\nVisit our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWLqGxPE4BbcASnpImGuFZA.\nThe videos are also listed here:\nWe are a couple who have long been fascinated with the idea of growing as great a diversity of temperate, citrus and Mediterranean fruit trees as the local climate will sustain and developing the cultural techniques necessary to successfully grow these fruits. In pursuing this dream, we have grown and tested over 500 different varieties of tree fruits in our home orchard.\nBob had a career as a Botanist and Entomologist; Verna has a background in teaching and in business. We have been growing fruit trees for over 50 years on southern Vancouver Island.\nWe want our customers to succeed in their planting endeavours. We can provide expert advice based on first-hand experience in growing temperate, citrus and Mediterranean fruit trees. We provide personalized service, custom orders, and advice on siting, pollination and training systems.\nOur demonstration orchard features several hundred varieties of temperate, citrus and subtropical fruit trees and shows different training systems possible.\nWe are also pioneers in growing citrus fruit trees and Mediterranean fruit trees as in-ground plantings under our climatic conditions and can show customers growing techniques we have developed to succeed with these fruits.\nWe have also had the privilege of giving presentations in: Canada, Greece, Israel, New Zealand, Portugal, Spain, Turkey and USA.\nA list of presentations and tours can be seen here.\n(Revised 4 December 2023)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bactronixsouthjersey.com/", "date": "2023-05-28T09:03:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224643663.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528083025-20230528113025-00351.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9444904327392578, "token_count": 248, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__292060749", "lang": "en", "text": "What sets Bactronix apart from other companies?\nAt Bactronix, we provide you with the most trusted and reliable mold inspection, mold remediation and disinfection services because our team formulates and tests the solutions we use. Our Bactronizing Process is an antimicrobial treatment program that incorporates testing and reports to reduce and control the presence of harmful microbes and unpleasant odors where you live, work, and play. Our research and development initiative has designed new nanotechnology protocols that address major microbial concerns in many markets, including the “Sick Home Syndrome” experienced in residences due to culprits that often remain hidden, such as mold, viruses, fungi, algae, bacteria, and VOCs (volatile organic compounds). We also treat the “Superbug Syndrome” found in healthcare, commercial, and institutional environments. Our products and services are grounded in an eco-responsible platform that is 100% safe for people, plants, and pets.\nBy developing an environmentally responsible approach to the effective testing, treatment, and removal of mold, bacteria viruses, and other harmful organisms, the professionals at Bactronix can help you maintain commercial and residential facilities that are healthy, and sanitary.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mckinleyresources.com/product/taurine/", "date": "2022-07-06T07:06:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104668059.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220706060502-20220706090502-00614.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9344836473464966, "token_count": 170, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__202203936", "lang": "en", "text": "INCI Name: Taurine\nCAS Numbers: 107-35-7\nTaurine, or 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is an organic acid widely distributed in animal tissues. Taurine is one of the various chemical constituents of bile and this organic acid is synthesized in the pancreas. Taurine is an organic, carbon based compound which has acidic properties. It is a naturally occurring organic acid belonging to the sulfonic acid group of organic compounds that contain sulfur.\nCosmetic compositions containing Taurine have been introduced, possibly due to its antifibrotic properties. It has been shown to prevent the damaging effects of TGFB1 to hair follicles. It also helps to maintain skin hydration.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://wendyjeri.blogspot.com/2015/10/health-worker-nonchalance-about-ebola.html", "date": "2018-07-22T07:08:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676593051.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20180722061341-20180722081341-00276.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9581558704376221, "token_count": 829, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__80686152", "lang": "en", "text": "|The Ebola virus|\nFirst off, how does Ebola spread?\nEbola is \"filovirus\" (so named because it has a uniquely filamentous appearance) that, once introduced into the body, can attach to and invade numerous types of human cells. Getting into the human body occurs from the injection of infected blood (such as a inadvertent needle stick from a person with Ebola) or hand-borne \"self-inoculation\" of a patient's body fluids into the mucus membranes. That's typically the mouth, nose or eyes.\n\"Self-inoculation\" of a virus by rubbing the eyes or touching the nose/mouth has been a long-known means of spreading infection. Because humans unconsciously touch their facial mucous membranes frequently during the course of a day, eye goggles and facemasks are not only a barrier to airborne virus (such as regular cold viruses), but also act as a reminder to keep your fingers away from your face and eyes (which is more important with the Ebola virus, which is not airborne).\nAfter the inoculation and during the initial stages of invasion and replication, there aren't enough viral particles to pose a significant person-to-person transmission risk. It's only when the infection becomes overwhelming (which is heralded by a fever) that the virus makes its appearance in body fluids, including blood, tears, saliva, sweat, diarrhea and vomit. Healthcare workers cannot avoid handling the sick patient or their bedclothes, and that's when accidental needle sticks and unconscious touching of their face - i.e. mucus membranes - leads to transmission of the virus to a new victim.\nWhat are healthcare workers' attitudes about infections?\nGetting health care workers to pay attention to the inadvertent spread of infection in the course of patient care has been a topic of research for decades. It's not like they don't know how viruses move from person to person. Rather, failure to act on that knowledge is a result of poor adherence, insufficient resources, staffing problems, lack of culture change, no impetus to change, and issues related to staff and patient education. Even with intense education, attitudes may shift by a only a few percentage points. It's not uncommon for up to a quarter of health care workers to not follow basic infection control protocols after a teaching intervention.\nHow well do health care workers educate lay-persons?\nEven when patients are in contact isolation for other reasons, healthcare workers do a bad job of dealing with the concerns of family members or educating their patients about its importance. And it doesn't help that nurse \"burnout\" can be an independent risk factor for the inadvertent transmission of infection to patients.\nWhile reports like this portray the importance of public education, it's fair to say that the gap between the \"stay calm\" Ebola expertise of organizations like the CDC and the growing alarm of the lay public is significant.\nThe Population Health Blog's take?\nHealthcare providers have cared for patients with other serious infectious diseases, and their attitudes to dealing with Ebola are not new. While the PHB is unaware of the details of how the two nurses described above contracted the disease, it was just a matter of time until someone got infected.\nIf more primary Ebola cases occur in the U.S., we can expect more healthcare workers to contract the disease. A nonchalance toward infectious disease has been a part of the medical landscape for decades. While the risks associated with Ebola are higher (a purported mortality rate as high as 70%), this is another virus bumping into decades-long patterns of imperfect human behaviors.\nWhile the public is extremely concerned about the specter of Ebola, expert infectious disease talking-heads are well-acquainted with the above data. They are not surprised that nurses are coming down with Ebola. Unfortunately, that unsurprised expertise combined with a legacy of poor lay-public education is coming across as incompetence. That's especially true when clinical judgment about a fever leads to a plane-load of passengers being exposed to a sick patient's body fluids. The public deserves better.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://vissingagro.com/farrowing", "date": "2019-10-16T06:48:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986666467.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20191016063833-20191016091333-00533.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9551392793655396, "token_count": 172, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__10743969", "lang": "en", "text": "Farrowing stable is the part of the pig production, where sows and guilts are going to farrow piglets. The stable is designed with individual pens. The farrowing pens provide a safe environment for both the sow and the piglets during farrowing. The sow will stand in between two wings that can be folded out to give the sow more room after farrowing.\nDuring the farrowing phase, the wings are placed closer to the sow, where the wings prevent the sow from laying down on the piglets. The sow moves to the farrowing pen 5 days up to the estimated time of birth and moves again when the piglets are weaned, which is often about 4 weeks after farrowing.\nDuring weaning, the piglets are moved to the Finisher stable, while the sow moves back to the Mating stable.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://aiohfl.org/specialized-treatments-therapies-all-in-one-healthcare-jacksonville-fl-904-371-7744", "date": "2024-04-17T11:17:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817153.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417110701-20240417140701-00348.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8976223468780518, "token_count": 486, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__43059205", "lang": "en", "text": "Our Specialized Treatments and Therapies\nElectrocardiogram (EKG) services are essential for assessing the electrical activity of the heart and detecting any abnormalities. Our trained healthcare professionals perform EKG tests to help diagnose heart conditions such as arrhythmias, heart attacks, and other cardiovascular issues. With state-of-the-art equipment and expert interpretation, we ensure accurate results and prompt treatment recommendations.\nX-ray diagnostics play a crucial role in diagnosing various medical conditions by producing detailed images of the internal structures of the body. At All In One HealthCare, we offer comprehensive X-ray services to help identify fractures, bone abnormalities, and other musculoskeletal injuries. Our advanced imaging technology and skilled radiology team ensure high-quality images and accurate diagnoses to guide effective treatment plans.\nCupping therapy is a traditional healing practice that involves placing cups on the skin to create suction and promote blood flow. At our clinic, we offer both wet and dry cupping therapy options to address a variety of health concerns, including pain relief, muscle tension, and stress reduction. Our experienced practitioners customize each session to meet your specific needs and preferences, providing a safe and effective therapeutic experience.\nVitamin B12 Injections\nVitamin B12 injections are commonly used to treat deficiencies of this essential nutrient, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and neurological problems. Our healthcare providers administer vitamin B12 injections safely and efficiently, helping to restore optimal levels of this important vitamin and improve overall health and well-being.\nFlu Vaccine Administration\nInfluenza (flu) vaccines are critical for preventing the spread of seasonal flu viruses and reducing the risk of flu-related complications. At All In One HealthCare, we offer flu vaccine administration to protect individuals of all ages against the flu. Our vaccination services are convenient, affordable, and administered by trained healthcare professionals to ensure maximum effectiveness and safety.\nBlood Work Analysis\nBlood work analysis plays a key role in diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of medical conditions, including diabetes, cholesterol disorders, and thyroid problems. Our clinic provides comprehensive blood work analysis services, including blood tests, lab screenings, and diagnostic assessments. Our experienced medical team interprets your blood work results accurately and provides personalized recommendations for treatment and preventive care.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://goteamnltri.com/blogs/news/the-importance-of-protein-for-endurance-athletes", "date": "2024-02-25T17:17:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474641.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225171204-20240225201204-00399.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9598342180252075, "token_count": 751, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__90928757", "lang": "en", "text": "Protein is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in the repair and growth of muscle tissue. As an endurance athlete, it is important to consume enough protein to support your training and recovery. While it is possible to meet your protein needs through a well-rounded diet, protein supplements can be a convenient and effective way to increase your protein intake.\nIt is a common misconception that protein supplements are only for bodybuilders or those looking to gain muscle mass. While protein supplements can certainly be useful for muscle building, they are also important for endurance athletes. Endurance sports, such as running, cycling, and swimming, can be catabolic, meaning they break down muscle tissue. Consuming enough protein can help to repair and rebuild this muscle tissue, allowing you to recover from your workouts and perform at your best.\nProtein supplements can be especially useful for endurance athletes, as they can help to repair and rebuild muscle tissue damaged during long and strenuous workouts. In addition, protein supplements can help to reduce muscle soreness and improve recovery time. This can be particularly beneficial for athletes who are training for long-distance events or who have a high training volume. In addition to supporting muscle repair and recovery, protein can also help to maintain muscle mass during periods of heavy training. This is especially important for endurance athletes, as a loss of muscle mass can lead to a decrease in strength and endurance.\nThere are a variety of protein supplements available, including whey protein, casein protein, and soy protein. Whey protein is a complete protein that is quickly absorbed by the body, making it a great choice for post-workout recovery. Casein protein is a slower-digesting protein that can be beneficial for sustained energy and muscle building. Soy protein is a plant-based protein that can be a good option for vegans. Vegan protein supplements are a great option for endurance athletes who follow a vegan diet. Some popular vegan protein sources include pea protein, hemp protein, and brown rice protein. These plant-based proteins are complete proteins, meaning they contain all of the essential amino acids your body needs. Vegan protein supplements can be a convenient way to increase your protein intake while following a plant-based diet.\nWhen choosing a protein supplement, there are a few things to consider. First, it is important to choose a high-quality product that is made from pure and natural ingredients. Look for a product that is free from artificial sweeteners, colors, and flavors. It is also a good idea to consider the source of the protein. If you are lactose intolerant or have a milk allergy, you may want to choose a plant-based protein such as pea protein or hemp protein. If you have a soy allergy, you may want to avoid soy protein. In addition to the source of the protein, you should also consider the amount of protein per serving. Endurance athletes may need more protein than sedentary individuals, so look for a product that contains at least 20 grams of protein per serving. You should also consider the other ingredients in the product, such as added sugars, fats, and carbohydrates. Finally, consider the taste and mixability of the protein supplement. Some products may have a chalky or grainy texture, or a strong artificial flavor. Look for a product that mixes easily and has a pleasant taste. You may want to try a few different products to find one that works best for you.\nIn conclusion, protein supplements can be a useful tool for endurance athletes looking to support their training and recovery. While it is important to get a majority of your nutrients from whole foods, protein supplements can be a convenient and effective way to increase your protein intake. Vegan protein supplements are also a great option for athletes", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://boston.bubblelife.com/community/rickyhfields_1/library/359313981/key/356787304/Reyou_Longevity_has_launched_its_Australian-Made_Anti-Ageing_Plant_Stem_Cells_Skincare_Range", "date": "2024-03-04T04:57:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476413.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304033910-20240304063910-00376.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9525468945503235, "token_count": 826, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__39182237", "lang": "en", "text": "Australian anti-ageing company, Reyou Longevity®, has launched its flagship products on Indiegogo. According to the director, James Thai, the company will be releasing the Anti-ageing Plant Stem Cell Serum and Moisturizer with an exclusive launched special 45% off RRP. The company, whose mission is to set a new standard in anti-ageing skincare products, seeks to empower its customers to go through the ageing process gracefully.\nReyou Longevity® is raising funds to allow manufacturing of their first small batch through itsIndiegogo campaign. “We have turned to the amazing community on Indiegogo to enable us to produce the first batch of the Stem Cell Serum and Moisturizer quickly and efficiently while maintaining the highest quality standards,” said the company director, also explaining why they have opted to raise funds through the crowdfunding platform. The company believes that through the crowdfunding campaign they will source the best quality, premium ingredients from local Australian suppliers and meet the purchase requirements.\nWhile describing the two products, Reyou Longevity® company director described how they are harnessing the power of Plant Stem Cells and creating a powerful skincare range, using Australian native flora infused with premium naturally-sourced active ingredients and giving customers products that can help them defy the signs of ageing the natural way.\nAs a company that believes beauty does not come with an expiry date, Reyou Longevity® abides by their founding principles providing its customers with effective and safe products. The company maintains the highest standards of quality by using premium quality ingredients that are one hundred percent natural, safe, and completely free from toxins and preservatives. Apart from their commitment to providing their customers with safe products, they are also passionate about keeping the environment clean.\nThe company spokesperson explained that stem cells play an important role in ageing research, adding that they contain regenerative capacity that helps the body to build the necessary blocks. He also added that dermatologists are turning to stem cells to fight wrinkles and improve the skin’s appearance mainly because it contains essential amino acids and peptides, which act as skincare powerhouse ingredients for helping the skin to rejuvenate.\nWhile revealing that the company has a zero-tolerance policy for animal testing, the company spokesperson mentioned that their products are made through alternative ways that are cruelty-free. “We found an alternative way to reap the powerful benefits of stem cells without hurting anyone or anything!” said the company spokesperson, adding that they have harnessed the power of stem cells in plants and created a range of premium cruelty-free skincare products that are made to defy any signs of ageing.\n\"We've put in so much effort in our premium formulations and cannot wait to launch our range and share the power of plant stem cells with the world,\" said James. He believes that ageing should not feel detrimental. In fact, ageing should inspire confidence as maturity and life experience is a formula for a well-balanced life.\nWhile outlining the benefits of the Anti-Ageing Stem Cell Serum, the company spokesperson clarified that the product is suitable for all skin types and genders. The Anti-Ageing Stem Cell Serum prepares the skin to absorb nutrient-rich antioxidants and peptides, maximizing on skin hydration, which in turn stimulates collagen synthesis and enhances cellular metabolism. Other benefits include the assistance in rehabilitation and purification of the skin through aiding the elimination of toxins and cellular wastes. It also helps in the production of collagen and the reduction of wrinkles.\nTheir flagship range is now available for pre-order with an exclusive 45% off RRP and expected to ship to customers early in December 2020.\nAbout Reyou Longevity®\nReyou Longevity® is an Australian anti-ageing company based on the foundation that beauty doesn’t come with an expiration date. Its mission is to set a new standard in anti-ageing skincare products to empower everyone to go through the ageing process gracefully.\nMedia contact info", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.cardamom.org/how-global-warming-could-cause-animals-to-shrink/", "date": "2013-05-21T12:18:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699977678/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102617-00076-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.893058717250824, "token_count": 190, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__172496548", "lang": "en", "text": "Almost all cold-blooded organisms are affected by a phenomenon known as the ‘temperature-size rule’, which describes how individuals of the same species reach a smaller adult size when reared at warmer temperatures. But until now, scientists have not fully understood how these size changes take place.\nWriting in the journal The American Naturalist, Dr Andrew Hirst and colleagues from Queen Mary’s School of Biological and Chemical Sciences explore this unusual shrinking effect in more detail, and show conclusively how it occurs.\nFunded by the Natural Environment Research Council, the study was carried out using data on marine planktonic copepods. These tiny crustaceans are the main animal plankton in the world’s oceans and are important grazers of smaller plankton and a food source for larger fish, birds and marine mammals.\nRead the full article here:\nHow Global Warming Could Cause Animals to Shrink", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://oldsite.pvpc.org/PVPC/activities/landuse_wfield_river.shtml", "date": "2019-05-19T08:35:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232254731.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20190519081519-20190519103519-00254.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9254938364028931, "token_count": 345, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__86919503", "lang": "en", "text": "The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission, in partnership with Westfield State College’s Westfield River Environmental Center (WREC), is conducting a water quality monitoring project for the Westfield River.\nSupported by a $29,004 water quality grant from the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, the project will establish a long-term monitoring program through the purchase of testing equipment, the development of a corps of volunteers to help with monitoring, and a full season of sampling and analysis from April to November of 2009.\nThough the Westfield River basin is a tremendous asset and resource for the region—with 850 miles of rivers, streams, and brooks, and 4,200 acres of lakes and ponds in Hampshire, Hampden, and Berkshire counties—data about contamination and water quality have been collected only sporadically. The current monitoring program will examine physical, chemical, and biological parameters within the river and several tributaries on a regular basis.\nMonitoring for physical and chemical data is being conducted at 21 sites and monitoring for bacterial data is being conducted at 12 sites throughout the basin. The monitoring sites stretch from the Town of Windsor, through Huntington and Russell, to West Springfield.\nData will provide a more complete picture of the river’s health and understanding about sources of contamination. This information will be useful not only to recreational users who have direct contact with the waters, but to local cities and towns, the Westfield River Watershed Association, the Westfield River Wild and Scenic Advisory group, and other stakeholders. Up-to-date monitoring results will be posted on WREC’s web page at http://envcenter.wsc.ma.edu/water-quality-monitoring.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.heatsupply.nl/en/7-reasons-to-eat-more-spicy-food-like-hot-sauce-peppers/", "date": "2024-02-23T03:11:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474360.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223021632-20240223051632-00014.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9606462121009827, "token_count": 537, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__113156765", "lang": "en", "text": "7 reasons to eat more spicy food like hot sauce & peppers\nI don’t think you need any extra reasons to eat more hot sauce, because it’s the stuff of dreams. Still, it’s not only the flavour and burn which makes it so great. It’s also very healthy to eat spicy foods like hot sauce and/or peppers. These are 7 of them.\nThe New York Times wrote in 2015 about a study that proved that spicy food is linked to a longer life. Researchers at the American Harvard analyzed a Chinese study in which no less than 485,000 Chinese were followed for seven years. People who used chili peppers (and other spices) to flavour their food were 10% less likely to die prematurely. People who ate spicy food no less than 6 to 7 times per week, that percentage was even 14%. The link between spicy food and a longer life is even stronger than between alcohol and aging and is most likely caused by the substance capsaicin that is abundant in peppers.\nHarvard researchers who analyzed the Chinese study also found that spicy food has the following health benefits:\n- less chance of cancer\n- lower risk of cardiovascular disease due to cholestoral-lowering character\n- less chance of respiratory diseases\nCapsaicin is said to be especially effective against tumours. Researchers saw in mice that the capsaicin destroyed about 80% of the cancer cells in mice and reduced the tumors to one fifth of their size.\nThe substance capsaicin, which makes peppers so incredibly healthy, inhibits inflammation and even fights it.\nHelps to fight headaches\nThe miracle ingredient capsaicin has an analgesic (pain-killing) effect. Especially in combination with caffeine, it is a weapon that can be used against headaches and emerging migraines.\nAccording to research, capsaicin helps your body burn more calories, increases metabolism by 5% and can increase fat burning by as much as 16%. This is due to the thermogenic effect which puts your metabolism in fat-burning mode.\nLowers blood pressure\nPeppers contain vitamins A and C that strengthen your blood vessels. The capsaicin ensures that your blood flows more easily through your body. The two combined create healthy heart and blood vessels and stable blood pressure. With a bad cholesterol level, the pepper / capsaicin can also help very well.\nSerotonin is a feel-good hormone that is fueled by spicy food. Are you in a bit of a slump? Time to eat a Carolina Reaper! Or just a good dose of hot sauce of course. That will do the trick as well.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://newportrichey.townsites.org/discover-the-natural-beauty-of-floridas-gulf-coast-on-a-half-day-private-guided-eco-tour/", "date": "2023-12-03T15:09:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100508.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203125921-20231203155921-00355.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8994963765144348, "token_count": 932, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__183732781", "lang": "en", "text": "Experience the unrivaled beauty and bountiful wildlife of Florida’s Gulf Coast with Tampa Bay Eco Adventures’ “Half-Day Private Guided Nature of Florida’s Gulf Coast Eco-Tour.” Journey with experienced naturalist guides as they lead you through an educational, up-close exploration of the dynamic environment unique to this region, with incredible opportunities for wildlife spotting along the way.\nTampa Bay Eco Adventures’ “Half-Day Private Guided Nature of Florida’s Gulf Coast Eco-Tour” is a premier opportunity to uncover the pristine wilderness of the Gulf Coast. With its captivating beaches, vibrant wetlands, and abundant marine life, the region offers a wealth of natural beauty for visitors to explore. TripAdvisor highly recommends this tour, which provides an up-close experience of the area’s wonders.\nExperienced naturalist guides lead the tour, offering insights into the intricate balance of nature that exists in this region, as well as the importance of mangroves in maintaining the health of coastal environments. Visitors will marvel at the remarkable adaptations of mangrove trees that enable them to thrive in challenging conditions.\nFrom wading birds to playful dolphins, they’ll have the opportunity to witness a stunning array of coastal wildlife in their natural habitats, as well as learn about the behaviors of these animals.\nThe Half-Day Private Guided Nature of Florida’s Gulf Coast Eco-Tour offers a truly unique experience, providing an educational and interactive journey through the region’s natural history. Not only do their knowledgeable guides offer insight into the ecological intricacies of the area, but they also focus on sustainable tourism and environmental conservation, helping to preserve this precious landscape for future generations to enjoy.\nParticipants are encouraged to wear comfortable clothing, bring sun protection, and have their cameras ready to capture the awe-inspiring moments. Booking and logistics can be taken care of through Tampa Bay Eco Adventures, a reputable tour operator known for its commitment to quality and authenticity.\nAs one of Florida’s most outstanding tours, this Half-Day Private Guided Nature Eco-Tour offers a unique opportunity to the explore the beautiful Gulf Coast. With the expertise of knowledgeable guides and a fascinating overview of its abundant wildlife, this tour gives visitors an unrivaled and intimate look into this breathtaking region. Not only can they marvel at the incredible wildlife on display, but they can also learn about the critical role that mangrove trees play in maintaining the area’s natural balance. No one could deny Tampa Bay Eco Adventures’ ‘Half-Day Private Guided Nature Of Florida’s Gulf Coast Eco-Tour’ is sure to be an unforgettable highlight of anyone’s Gulf Coast adventure.\nIn conclusion, Tampa Bay Eco Adventures’ “Half-Day Private Guided Nature of Florida’s Gulf Coast Eco-Tour” offers an extraordinary opportunity for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers to immerse themselves in the unparalleled beauty and diverse wildlife of the Gulf Coast. With experienced naturalist guides leading the way, participants can delve into the intricacies of the region’s ecosystems and gain a deep understanding of the delicate balance that sustains its natural wonders.\nThis premier eco-tour not only promises captivating encounters with coastal wildlife, from elegant wading birds to playful dolphins, but also highlights the significance of mangroves in preserving the health of the coastal environment. The tour’s emphasis on sustainability and environmental conservation underscores the commitment of Tampa Bay Eco Adventures to ensuring the long-term preservation of this pristine landscape.\nAs participants explore the captivating beaches, vibrant wetlands, and thriving marine life, they’ll have the chance to capture awe-inspiring moments with their cameras and create lasting memories of this unique experience. The tour’s reputation, backed by TripAdvisor recommendations, speaks to its exceptional quality and authenticity as a must-do activity for anyone exploring Florida’s Gulf Coast.\nIn essence, Tampa Bay Eco Adventures’ “Half-Day Private Guided Nature of Florida’s Gulf Coast Eco-Tour” is a gateway to discovering the true essence of this remarkable region. By offering an educational, interactive, and sustainable journey, it not only enriches the understanding of the Gulf Coast’s natural history but also ensures that its beauty and biodiversity endure for generations to come. This tour undoubtedly stands as a memorable highlight and an essential adventure for anyone seeking to connect with the captivating nature of Florida’s Gulf Coast.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://hannahvonhuebbenet.com/video/documentary/der-ausbruch", "date": "2024-04-19T00:01:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817249.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418222029-20240419012029-00830.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9214080572128296, "token_count": 245, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__129034894", "lang": "en", "text": "Germany | 2022\ndirected by: Michael Wech\nproduced by: Broadview TV GmbH\nmusic: Hannah von Hübbenet & Ed Davenport\nThe coronavirus disease claimed millions of lives and temporarily brought the world to a standstill. Was the pandemic preventable?\nThe film \"The Outbreak\" goes in search of clues. Where did the virus come from?\nWho discovered it first?\nWho first shared the information with scientists outside China?\nWho were the scientists who tried mightily to make up for lost time after the virus was discovered?\nThe film vividly explains the consequences of exponential spread of a disease when time is lost at the beginning. It explores the question of what role the WHO played.\nAt the end, the question is: Was COVID-19 only the beginning of a chain of pandemics coming from the animal kingdom? And can the vacuum between scientific \"preparedness\" and governmental \"leadership\" be addressed quickly enough to find a better response to next global health crises? (text: Broadview TV GmbH)\nThe music for the film is released by arch.berlin and can be found HERE", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://lowcarb-glutenfree.com/recipe-protein-collagen-cheesecake-chocolate-low-carb-gluten-free-low-calorie/", "date": "2023-02-05T20:13:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500288.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20230205193202-20230205223202-00436.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8991997241973877, "token_count": 684, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__201755263", "lang": "en", "text": "This heavenly juicy and fluffy cheesecake without a base has as much protein as a protein shake and delivers a whole 10 g of collagen hydrolysate per piece (8 pieces per cake).\nWe’ve optimized the recipe for you so that you don’t even have to separate the eggs – the cake is stirred together in minutes and still becomes light and airy!\nBy using quark, eggs, additional egg white powder and collagen hydrolysate, you can make a delicious “multi-component protein” cake: milk protein, egg protein and collagen protein. With just 162 kcal per piece and 23 g of protein, this cake will keep you full for a long time and also helps to cover your daily collagen requirements.\nWhat is collagen important for?\nOver 30% of the protein in the human body consists of collagen, making it the largest proportion of all body proteins. Collagen is an important organic component of the skin and connective tissue of bones, fascia, teeth, organs, cartilage, tendons and ligaments. In order to maintain health, regenerate and build up this tissue, we need a sufficient and regular supply of the proteins and amino acids required for the body’s own collagen synthesis through food.\nIn young people, collagen is produced in large quantities and damaged structures are quickly replaced. With advancing age, however, these processes become significantly slower and the body’s collagen scaffolding becomes weaker – the skin loses its elasticity, the connective tissue weakens and joint cartilage decomposes.\nThe recipe can be modified at will – refined with Nuketo, with various types of fruit, flavours or optionally with a base made from our almond paste. Here you can also find the recipe variation for a classic lemon or vanilla cheesecake --> CLICK\nRecipe Protein Collagen Cheesecake CHOCOLATE low carb gluten free low calorie\n- 500 g low fat curd cheese (\"Quark\")\n- 4 eggs medium or large\n- 100 ml milk\n- vanilla pulp\n- 7 g Dr. Almond Low Carb Sweetener Cristalline\n- 50 g Dr. Almond CHOCOLATE Pudding Powder\n- 80 g Dr. Almond Collagen Hydrolysate PREMIUM\n- 15 g Dr. Almond EGG WHITE PROTEIN POWDER\n- 5 g Dr. Almond Low Carb Baking Powder\n- 15 g Dr. Almond PREMIUM Cocoa powder\n- 1 pinch salt\n- 10 g butter melted\n- baking tray round 24,6 cm\n- Mix curd, eggs, flavour and milk.\n- Mix the pudding powder, collagen, sweetness, Cocoa, egg white powder, salt and baking powder and stir into the curd mixture by the spoonful. Finally, add the melted butter and continue stirring for approx. 2 minutes on the highest setting.\n- Pour the mixture into a lightly greased form and bake in the oven at 160 degrees convection oven for about 40 minutes. After baking, let it cool down in the oven with the oven door slightly open.\n- Enjoy hot or cold.\nFor a 26 cm springform pan, 1.5 times the amount also fits very well, then the cake is slightly higher. This extends the baking time by 10-15 minutes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://gsw.edu/Academics/Schools-and-Departments/College-of-Art-and-Science/Departments/Department-of-Biology/index", "date": "2014-07-25T21:55:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1405997894799.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20140722025814-00150-ip-10-33-131-23.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.952681839466095, "token_count": 132, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-23__0__107259773", "lang": "en", "text": "The study of biology at Georgia Southwestern State University is intended to provide the student with a broad base in biological science rather than specialized expertise in one narrow discipline. It is possible to direct one's study toward an interest in some area such as botany, zoology, environment, or physiology. Study of biology not only provides the student with basic knowledge but also teaches scientific methodology that aids the thinking process of any professional activity. The insights developed through this study successfully prepare the student to enter many fields of employment in addition to traditional biology. The appreciation of the life sciences in general and the application of the usefulness of such study are the main objectives of this Department.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.breathewellbeing.in/blog/11-health-benefits-of-ragi/", "date": "2024-04-19T10:08:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817382.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419074959-20240419104959-00335.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9192080497741699, "token_count": 5223, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__120999214", "lang": "en", "text": "Last updated on October 1st, 2023\nRagi is becoming a popular choice, replacing many bowls of cereal, due to Ragi’s health benefits. It is a nutrient-dense coarse cereal that helps to control sugar levels, reduce weight, and promotes bone, heart, skin, and hair health. In addition, it also provides several health benefits to the liver, digestive system, and depression conditions.\nWhat is Ragi?\nRagi or finger millet, botanically known as Eleusine coracana, is grown in Africa and India. It is a major crop in South India, with Karnataka accounting for more than half of the total yield. Ragi Sangati or Ragi mudde is one of the staples and popular foods of Karnataka. Finger Millet comes from the Gramineae family and its seeds are purple, red, or brown in color. This crop can withstand extreme weather conditions and can be cultivated in different geographical areas. It is rich in fiber, carbs, fat, proteins, calcium, and other nutrients like vitamins and minerals. Although it is not a staple grain due to other prime gains like wheat, barley, rice or oats, etc. However lately it is being used in a healthy diet because of Ragi’s nutritional value.\nAlso Read: Indian Diet Chart For Diabetic Patients\nNutritional Value of Ragi\nRagi is a rich source of fiber, carbs, protein, fat, and other micronutrients. It is also high in antioxidants that help in reducing the risks of various chronic conditions like hypertension, diabetes, heart problem, digestive conditions (IBS), and bone diseases. It is a superfood, the best breakfast option, and also its Vitamin content promotes immunity and skin/hair health.\nThis table represents several nutrients and their amounts present in 100 g of Ragi:\n|Nutritional Value of Ragi\n|Nutrients (in 100 grams of Ragi)\nApart from these major nutrients, it is also high in antioxidants like thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, Vitamin C, folic acid, etc. It is also a good source of amino acids like isoleucine, tryptophan, valine, methionine, and threonine. Overall Ragi is abundant in a variety of nutrients that are essential for good health.\nGlycemic Index and Glycemic Load of Ragi\nMany people get confused because raw Ragi has a 71 glycemic index which is on the high side but when cooked, it falls into the low to medium glycemic index category with 55 GI. It is also a good cereal alternative for diabetics as it is high in fibre, minerals, and amino acids. Fibre-rich food slows digestion, and it releases glucose slowly into the bloodstream hence keeping blood sugar levels in check.\nAlso Read: Metformin 500 Uses For Diabetes.\nHealth Benefits of Ragi\nRagi, as previously stated, is a superfood among grains. It is the only grain that is gluten-free and can help with a variety of digestive and allergic conditions. Furthermore, because this is a very small grain that cannot be refined or processed, its nutrients remain in their natural state. Refining any grain increases its sugar content and Ragi, unrefined and unprocessed grain, has low sugar content. The health benefits of Ragi are:\n1. Good for Diabetes\nLooking at its nutritional profile, one might wonder how this high-carb millet can be beneficial to diabetics. Ragi is the wonder grain for diabetics because of its nutritional value. It is rich in dietary fibers, polyphenols, phytates, tannins, amino acids, and other minerals that keep sugar levels in control. A high-fiber diet slows the absorption of glucose in the body. This is a good breakfast option for a diabetic-friendly diet. It also reduces cholesterol levels in the body. It also reduces the oxidative stress and inflammation that is diabetes complications or triggers it.\nAlso Read: Glucomet 50 For Type 2 Diabetes\n2. Good for Heart Health\nRagi millet is a sodium and cholesterol-free grain which makes it one of the best foods for people with heart conditions. It is also rich in antioxidants like niacin, thiamine, etc. that help in reducing plaque from arteries and provide smooth blood flow. Also, it prevents the accumulation of bad cholesterol (LDL) and promotes good cholesterol (HDL). Therefore, these properties of ragi keep the heart healthy and reduce the risks of heart conditions. It also lowers high blood pressure or hypertension which is the key cause of various heart problems.\nAlso Read: C-Peptide Test Fasting Normal Range\n3. Helps in Weight Loss\nDo you wonder how Ragi is so helpful in weight loss? Ragi is a fibrous grain that keeps you full for a longer time. It curbs your appetite thus keeping you away from unnecessary munching. It is also high in many nutrients that support a maintained weight. Ragi also contains tryptophans that are linked to weight loss.\n4. Promotes Digestive Health\nA fiber-rich diet is all you need for regular bowel movements. Ragi facilitates bowel movement and fecal passage. It alleviates IBS symptoms and effects (irritable bowel syndrome). Ragi also helps the intestines to digest food easily. It also prevents the development of colon cancer.\nAlso Read: Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes\n5. Good for Bone Health\nDid you know that no other cereals or grains contain as much calcium as Ragi? 100 grams of Ragi contains 26% of calcium which is important for bone health. It lowers the chances of developing osteoporosis and bone density loss. This calcium aids to strengthen bone density. Although consumption depends on age factor. In middle-aged or older people this excess calcium can cause kidney and gastrointestinal conditions. Therefore young individuals can eat Ragi daily but elder ones should keep an eye on the quantity.\n6. Good in Pregnancy and Lactation\nLactating mothers should consume ragi every day. The best way is to eat sprouted Ragi. It is rich in iron and calcium which increases milk production and helps in lactation. It also increases hemoglobin and eventually supports breast milk production. Thus it is good for both the child and mother’s health.\nAlso Read: What Causes High Triglycerides?\n7. Good for the Nervous System\nAmino acid tryptophan in Ragi helps to keep the nervous system healthy and activates neurotransmitters like serotonin in the brain. It has a calming property that helps in preventing and easing anxiety, insomnia, sleep, and depression and elevates mood. It relaxes the brain and gives you the feeling of calmness.\n8. Increases Hemoglobin and Prevents Anemia\nRagi is full of iron content that helps with iron deficiency. Iron deficiency reduces the hemoglobin causing conditions like anemia. It causes fatigue, tiredness, low body function, reduced immunity, and triggers other health conditions. Consumption of Ragi every day elevates the iron levels in the body and gives you energy.\nAlso Read: Madhunashini Vati For Diabetes\n9. Good for Liver Health\nAs we all know, this millet is a treasure of various powerful antioxidants that fights off free radicals in the body. It removes these toxins from the liver and gallbladder and improves their health. It also prevents fatty liver conditions by removing fat accumulation.\n10. Good for Skin\nRagi has rejuvenating and beautifying properties that promote skin health. It is a good source of amino acids like Methionine and Lysine and antioxidants like Vitamin C that are filled with anti-aging and skin-vitalizing properties.\n- Ragi has anti-aging components like flavonoids and phenolic acid. It keeps wrinkles and fine lines at bay.\n- It also encourages collagen formation which is essential for firm and smooth skin.\n- It is also a good source of Vitamin E which is considered an essential nutrient for good, hydrated, and glowing skin. Vitamin E is also used in many cosmetic and beauty products for good skin health.\n- Ragi is also used to treat pigmentation and suntan.\n- It also treats acne, boils, pimples, scars, blemishes, etc. Plant compounds like tannins help in preventing and treating these skin conditions.\n- It also treats skin infections.\n11. Good for Hairs\n- Ragi has several nutrients that promote good hair health and prevent various hair-related problems like hair fall, gray hair, dandruff, etc.\n- As Ragi’s nutritional value explains, it is a high-protein food. Hair is pure protein and lack of keratin protein in the body leads to hair fall. Eating Ragi can prevent such hair falls and provide an ample amount of protein to the body.\n- Amino acids Methionine and Lysine also provide nourishment to the hair follicles and prevent hair loss. It also aids in early graying.\n- Ragi is abundant in antioxidants that help in reducing the risk of gray hair or untimely graying. It provides pigmentation to the hair and keeps them healthy.\n- Ragi also has antimicrobial properties that help to remove dandruff from the scalp. It is a rich source of carotenoids that promotes a healthy scalp and is responsible for Ragi’s anti-dandruff properties.\n- Magnesium also makes hair strong and prevents hair loss.\nAlso Read: Sabja Seeds For Diabetes\nWay to Consume Ragi\nRagi is a small millet that has a plethora of health benefits. This is the healthiest breakfast option to serve your body. There are multiple ways of including it in your daily diet. This nutritious superfood promotes heart, digestive, skin, bone, and liver health. You can prepare multiple delicious recipes from Ragi like dosa, idli, paratha, uttapam, upma, ragi roti, etc. If you like sweet food then you can also make Ragi halwa or barfi.\nThis is one of the popular Ragi. To make this dish, you’ll need:\n- Ragi Flour or Ragi atta – 1 cup\n- Wheat or Rice Flour – ½ cup\n- Suji or Rava – ½ cup\n- Curd – ¼ cup\n- Green Chillies\n- Mix all the ingredients and make a batter out of it\n- Now heat a tawa and grease it with oil\n- Then pour this mixture onto it\n- Cook it on medium flame\n- Cook both sides by flipping\n- Serve hot and tasty dosa\nRagi Porridge or Ragi Malt\nIt is one of the healthiest breakfast recipes and is very easy to cook. To prepare sweet porridge, you will need:\n- Ragi Flour or raagi aata – 4 tablespoon\n- Water – 1.5 cup\n- Jaggery – as per taste\n- Milk – optional\n- Take 4 tablespoons of ragi flour in the pan and add water to it\n- Mix it well until no lumps remain\n- Now boil it on the stove\n- When it boils, add jaggery or gud to the mixture\n- Keep stirring until it cooks\n- Remove it from the stove and you can add milk to it if you want.\n- To make it salty, instead of adding jaggery, add salt after removing it from the stove. You can add buttermilk to it. It gives you a cooling effect in the summer and will keep you calm.\nSide-Effects of Ragi\nAlthough Ragi is safe to consume, people with kidney conditions can have side effects of Ragi. It is high in calcium content that can increase the formation of kidney stones and can increase oxalic acid in the body. Furthermore, people with indigestion, gas, or constipation conditions should also avoid Ragi as it takes a lot of time to digest. It is high in protein which can cause discomfort and indigestion. Also, ragi is disadvantageous for babies as it takes a lot of time to digest due to their high protein content. It is heavy food for babies so avoid it as baby food.\nAlso Read: Reverse Your Diabetes Permanently\nRagi for Diabetes\nRagi belongs to the millet family, and millets are considered good for diabetes. Ragi for diabetes patients is a better grain option compared to wheat and white rice. The high fiber content present in ragi for diabetes patients reduces and manages their blood sugar by delaying the absorption of carbs. A 2002 study published by the National Center for Biotechnology Information studied the consumption of finger millet or ragi in non-insulin-dependent diabetics. The study found that ragi-based diets considerably lessened plasma glucose levels. Eating ragi for diabetes patients resulted in lower glycemic response.\nStudies have also found ragi millet has phenolic compounds that assist in regulating postprandial blood sugar and hyperglycemia. These phenolic compounds and peptides also release alpha-amylase inhibitors managing post-meal glucose rise. Another 4-week study conducted on diabetic rats showed consuming ragi for diabetes helps by releasing antioxidants and wound healing.\nAdding 20% ragi millet based food to the diet for 6 weeks resulted in the reduction of the release of albumin and creatinine in urine in diabetic rats. Albumin is the protein present in our blood. Creatine, on the other hand, is a byproduct of absorbed protein. Many diabetes patients face this complication. However, these effects are yet to be tested in human trials. But the findings are indeed positive.\nRead More: Is Cauliflower Good for Diabetic Patients?\nRagi Benefits for Diabetes Patients\nConsuming ragi for diabetes patients can have several benefits. Some of them are:\nMedium Glycemic Index\nThe glycemic index of ragi is in the low to medium range. This means it can help regulate sugar levels and prevent abrupt spikes.\nHigh in Fiber\nRagi benefits for diabetes include its rich dietary fiber content. Fiber calms down the absorption rate of sugar and enhances blood sugar control.\nRead More: Is Fish Good for Diabetes?\nRich in Nutrients\nRagi atta for diabetes patients is a nutritious source of vital nutrients like calcium, iron, and antioxidants. These are beneficial for overall health, especially for those with diabetes.\nRagi flour benefits for diabetics include its naturally gluten-free composition. This makes it a suitable grain option for diabetics with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease.\nRead More: Are Peas Good for Diabetes?\nRagi for diabetes is beneficial because of its high fiber content. It can help you feel full and satisfied, potentially preventing overeating. This aids in weight management for overweight diabetic patients.\nRagi millet for diabetes may help improve heart health by reducing cholesterol levels due to its fiber content.\nRead More: Is Dragon Fruit Good For Diabetics?\nRagi grain takes longer to digest, which can help maintain steady energy levels. It prevents sudden blood sugar spikes and crashes.\nThe fiber in ragi for diabetes patients can support healthy digestion, which is important for overall well-being, including diabetes management.\nRemember to consult with your doctor before making crucial dietary modifications. And include ragi rationally in your daily diet.\nRead More: Are Peanuts Good for Diabetics?\nRagi Flour Recipes for Diabetics\nThere are many ragi flour benefits for diabetes patients. So here are some delicious ragi recipes for diabetic patients:\nRagi porridge is another simple and nutritious ragi flour recipes. Mix ragi flour with water or milk, add a pinch of salt, and cook until it thickens. Sweeten with a sugar substitute or a small amount of honey if desired.\nRead More: Top 6 Dry Fruits For Diabetics.\nIn ragi recipes for diabetic patients, ragi roti comes at the top. Replace a portion of wheat flour with ragi flour when making rotis. This will add a nutty flavour and extra fiber to your meal.\nPrepare ragi millet upma by sautéing ragi rava with vegetables and spices. It’s a filling and healthy breakfast option.\nRead More: Are Sugar-Free Biscuits Safe for Diabetics?\nRagi Idli or Ragi Dosa\nBlend ragi flour benefits with urad dal and ferment to make idli or dosa batter. Ragi idli and ragi dosa are low glycemic index alternatives to traditional rice-based idlis or dosas. These South Indian ragi flour recipes for diabetics can be good breakfast options.\nCombine ragi with moong dal, vegetables, and spices to make a nutritious and savory khichdi. This recipe of ragi atta for diabetes can be a good full-course meal.\nRead More: Is Cranberry Juice Good for Diabetics?\nThis is among the good ragi flour recipes that can satisfy your sugar tooth. Make ragi ladoos using ragi flour, chopped nuts, and a sugar sweetener like stevia. This recipe of ragi for diabetes patients can be a snacking option, but only in measured amounts.\nMake hearty ragi recipes for diabetic patients to satisfy their evening cravings. Ragi soup can be made by blending cooked ragi with vegetables and spices.\nRead More: Is Apricot Good for Diabetics?\nRagi Vegetable Paratha\nCombine ragi flour for diabetes patients with whole wheat flour and veggies to make ragi vegetable parathas. However, remember to stuff them with non-starchy veggies for optimum nutrition.\nBake ragi cookies using ragi flour, oats, and a sugar substitute for a healthy treat.\nRemember to monitor quantities and consult with a dietitian to ensure that these recipes align with your specific dietary needs. Additionally, it’s essential to choose natural sugar substitutes like stevia, erythritol, etc., in place of regular sugar when sweetening these dishes.\nRead More: Is Jamun Good For Diabetes?\nSide Effects of Ragi for Diabetes Patients\nRagi for diabetes patients is generally considered safe and beneficial when consumed in moderation. However, as with any food, there can be potential side effects of ragi to keep in mind.\nRagi flour for diabetes patients may cause digestive discomfort for some. Some may experience bloating or gastric issues when consuming ragi powder due to its high fiber content. To minimize this, start with small portions and gradually increase your intake to allow your digestive system to adjust.\nRead More: 16 Best Fruits Juice For Diabetes.\nWhile ragi flour’s glycemic index is lower than some other grains, it still contains carbs. Diabetes patients should be mindful of portion sizes and control their sugar levels.\nAlthough rare, ragi for diabetes patients can be allergic to some. If you experience any allergic reactions, such as itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.\nRead More: Is Mushroom Good for Diabetes Patients?\nSome may say ragi is not good for diabetes as it’s known to interact with some diabetes medications. However, if you’re taking medications to manage your blood sugar, consult with your doctor to ensure your diet does not interfere with the medicines.\nWhile ragi for diabetes patients is nutritious, it’s essential to maintain a balanced diet. Over-reliance on any single food, including ragi, may lead to nutritional imbalances.\nRead More: How Intermittent Fasting Helps in Diabetes?\nDiabetes management often affects portion control. Pay attention to the portion sizes of ragi dishes to manage your carbohydrate intake effectively.\nIn some cases, ragi’s slow-digesting nature might lower blood sugar levels too much if not consumed in appropriate portions. So, eating ragi for diabetes patients requires consumption in measured amounts.\nRagi or Finger Millet is one of the healthiest grains to consume as it is gluten-free and high in fiber, protein, and calcium. It is also a good source of various antioxidants and amino acids that prevents various chronic diseases from developing. This is a good option for breakfast. It promotes heart health, good digestion, bone health, skin and hair health, lactation, reduces blood sugar levels, improves liver health, and helps in nervous system-related conditions like anxiety, insomnia, depression, etc. Its optimum quantity provides essential nutrients to the body and keeps your body cool.\nRagi millet for diabetes patients can be a beneficial addition to their diet plan. The low ragi flour glycemic index, gluten-free composition, abundance of dietary fiber, etc., helps to regulate blood sugar and reduce the risk of spikes. Additionally, ragi benefits for diabetes include essential nutrients like calcium, iron, and antioxidants, contributing to overall health.\nAlso Read: Glycemic Index of Cloves\nWhen should I eat Ragi?\nRagi is best consumed in the morning. Ragi is full of nutrients with high protein content. Protein takes a lot of time to break down and be absorbed by the body. Eating Ragi at the night can be adverse. Instead of eating in the morning, it gives it ample time to digest easily and is used by the body. However, it also has a relaxing impact and helps in insomnia, having a small amount before 3-4 hours of bed can induce sleep and relax your mind. But overall it is best to include it as a Breakfast meal.\nWho should avoid eating Ragi?\nAlthough Ragi is safe to consume, people with kidney conditions can have side effects of Ragi. It is high in calcium content that can increase the formation of kidney stones and can increase oxalic acid in the body. Also, people with indigestion, gas, or constipation conditions should also avoid Ragi as it takes a lot of time to digest. It is high in protein which can cause discomfort and indigestion. Also, ragi is disadvantageous for babies as it takes a lot of time to digest due to their high protein content. It is heavy food for babies so avoid it as baby food.\nIs Ragi good food for diabetes?\nLooking at its nutritional chart, one may wonder how this high-carb millet can be good for diabetics. Ragi is the wonder grain for diabetics because of its nutritional value. It is rich in dietary fibers, polyphenols, phytates, tannins, amino acids, and other minerals that keep sugar levels in control. Type 2 diabetes is a condition where insulin sensitivity of the body decreases and increases sugar levels in the body. The food we eat breaks down into glucose and is absorbed by the body which spikes blood sugar. But High fiber diet like Ragi slows the absorption of glucose in the body and breaks food slowly. This is a good breakfast option for a diabetic-friendly diet. It also reduces cholesterol levels in the body. It also reduces the oxidative stress and inflammation that is diabetes complications or triggers it.\nIs it ok to eat Ragi daily?\nRagi or finger millet is a nutrient-dense food and is also known as a superfood. It is a healthy breakfast option that meets a lot of daily requirements of different nutrients. It is high-fiber, high-protein, and packed with vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, polyphenols, and amino acids. These nutrients help to build a healthy body and aid all organs of the body. Regular consumption also reduces the sugar levels in the body, prevents diabetes, and reduces high blood pressure and cholesterol. Therefore reduces the risk of various heart diseases.\nThis site provides educational content; however, it is not a substitute for professional medical guidance. Readers should consult their healthcare professional for personalised guidance. We work hard to provide accurate and helpful information. Your well-being is important to us, and we value your feedback. To learn more, visit our editorial policy page for details on our content guidelines and the content creation process.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.xterminate.co.uk/ants", "date": "2019-04-18T14:28:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578517682.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20190418141430-20190418163430-00289.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9485903382301331, "token_count": 460, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__23723381", "lang": "en", "text": "Ant behaviour helps us put together a successful and trusted method of removing an ant infestation. Ants operate in colonies and their colony size can range from relatively small colonies with one queen through to millions of ants across large swathes of land. Ants have become highly sophisticated through millions of years of evolution with different members of the colony able to transform and adjust their role within the colony according to their age. Ants will always follow the same path once it has been established, placing pest control measures on this path leads to a much higher success rate.\nThe queen is not neccessaily a matriarch in the traditional sense, she poses little control over the other ants, however, she constantly produces eggs building the stregth of the colony.\nWith that in mind, if an ant infestation is causing you problems in a kitchen, bathroom or patio area the quickest way to eliminate the infestation is to kill the queen ant.\nMaxforce ant bait stations are a popular way of dealing with an ant problem either in the house or outside. Simply place the bait stations near to the nest and on the ant runs, and open the little sliders to make the insecticide accessible to the ant colony. The bait stations contain Imidacloprid which is a neurotoxin that affects the central nervous system of the ants in question. The systemic action causes a blockage in the neuronal pathway leading to the death of the ant.\nBait stations are commonly used in kitchens where you may not want to risk the contamination of food stuffs with a powder.\nAnt Powder is perhaps the most popular and traditional way of removing ants. Place the powder on areas the ants have been seen, alongside skirting areas, on their runs and on nearby areas. Residex P Dusting Powder contains 0.5% Permethrin that similarly to the above also affects the neuronal pathways of the ants leading to their death.\nFor areas such as conservatories and areas where the look of a room is important, we would recommend the use of Protector C ant spray. Once dry the spray on a carpet or hard surface will provide an unseen barrier protecting that area for up to three months, without causing damage and enables you to allow pets back into the room once the area is dry.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://beyondtheoddsfitness.wordpress.com/2015/08/05/micronutrients-the-importance-of-testing-for-deficiencies/", "date": "2018-09-21T03:39:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267156780.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20180921033529-20180921053929-00218.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.95042484998703, "token_count": 363, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__56918131", "lang": "en", "text": "Our dietary makeup breaks down from our caloric total to the macro nutrients that made it, which is fats, proteins and carbohydrates.\nWithin these we find the micro nutrients, or more commonly known as vitamins and minerals. The quality of food you buy will effect the quality and quantity of your micro nutrient content. Depending on your dietary variety, geographic location, and various environmental and lifestyle choices, it’s likely many of us will have deficiencies in one or more micro nutrient, and it’s important to get a clinical diagnosis before trying to address these issues.\nMinerals, especially, can be dangerous in excessive doses as well as in depleted quantities. They also exist in antagonistic relations with one another. For example, Zinc and Copper compete, and taking one may decrease the amount of the other.\nThis is why it’s important to know if you’re deficient in one or both before taking either supplement. Taking zinc with a copper deficiency could deplete your copper to dangerous levels.\nSome micro nutrients come in a variety of sources, and some are safer to take in high doses than others. Vitamin A sourced from plant-bases like beta-carotenoids are safer than those from preformed meat-based sources. It’s very difficult to take too much from a plant-based source.\nLikewise the reaction your body has, and the bio availability of sources differs. The oxide form of many minerals found in cheap drug store multivitamins will not be as easy to absorb as citrate or other forms acidic forms. This is why the calcium found in milk may not be as useful as calcium citrate in a supplement form.\nContact your doctor for blood and urine testing if you believe you are deficient in one or more micro nutrients.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://vetmedpathways.com/pathways/", "date": "2024-04-14T13:29:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816879.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414130604-20240414160604-00762.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9484869837760925, "token_count": 1960, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__86906745", "lang": "en", "text": "Veterinary medicine is a well-respected profession because veterinarians make significant contributions to improving the health and wellbeing of the animals and people they serve. Veterinarians practice medicine that alleviates suffering, contributes to groundbreaking medical advancements, protects the environment, and makes the world a better, healthier place.\nVeterinarians and Their Stories\nVeterinary medicine is about putting your knowledge and compassion into practice. Preventing disease and healing animals is at the heart of what professionals in veterinary medicine do. But they also do so much more.\nThe Story of a Small Animal Veterinarian Dr. Vernard L. Hodges\nMeet Dr. Vernard L. Hodges, a small animal veterinarian with a deep love for all creatures. Growing up on a farm in rural Georgia, he nurtured and cared for goats, cows, dogs, turtles, and many other pets. After exploring fish biology and aquatic science, his true passion for veterinary medicine was ignited, leading him to graduate with a DVM from Tuskegee University School of Veterinary Medicine. Today, Dr. Hodges continues to spread his love and dedication to animals, raising Koi on his fish farm and caring for his three dogs and son.\nMeet Dr. Vernard L. Hodges, a compassionate small animal veterinarian with a profound love for all creatures. Growing up on a farm in rural Peach County, Georgia, he developed a special bond with the goats, cows, dogs, cats, turtles, and numerous other pets that filled his childhood. Spending countless hours nurturing and caring for them, Dr. Hodges knew from an early age that his life’s calling was to help and heal animals. After graduating from Peach County High School in 1988 and earning a degree in Fish Biology from Fort Valley State University in 1993, he set out on a journey to explore his passion for aquatic science and marine biology. Driven by his fascination for underwater life, he spent a summer working for the Agency for International Development in Nepal and India, developing an Aquaculture program to provide inexpensive protein to village residents through fish farming. Additionally, he participated in an Aquatic Internship at the University of Mississippi, hoping to follow in the footsteps of the renowned explorer Jacques Cousteau.\nHowever, the true calling of Veterinary Medicine beckoned, and Dr. Hodges followed his heart to Tuskegee University School of Veterinary Medicine, where he graduated with a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) degree in 1997. Embracing his lifelong passion, he dedicated his career to becoming a skilled small animal veterinarian. Today, Dr. Hodges continues to spread his love and dedication to animals, raising Koi on his fish farm in Peach County and providing expert care to pets in his practice. Alongside his son and three beloved dogs, he embodies the spirit of a true animal advocate, striving to make a positive impact on the lives of animals and their owners alike. With his wealth of experience and genuine affection for all creatures, Dr. Vernard L. Hodges is a remarkable veterinarian who touches hearts and changes lives with his commitment to the well-being of animals in his community.\nThe Story of a Avian Veterinarian Dr. Sharman Hoppes\nDiscover Dr. Sharman Hoppes, a dedicated avian veterinarian specializing in the health and well-being of birds. As a Diplomate of the American Board of Veterinary Practitioners in Avian Practice, she has become a leading expert in avian medicine and care. With her passion for feathered friends and years of experience, Dr. Hoppes continues to make a significant impact in the field of avian veterinary medicine.\nMeet Dr. Sharman Hoppes, a compassionate avian veterinarian who devotes her expertise to the health and happiness of our feathered friends. As a Diplomate of the American Board of Veterinary Practitioners in Avian Practice, she is a top expert in avian medicine and care. With years of experience and a deep love for birds, Dr. Hoppes has become a trusted name in the field of avian veterinary medicine.\nIn her veterinary practice, Dr. Hoppes cares for a wide variety of birds, from colorful parrots to playful cockatiels and majestic raptors. She knows all about the unique needs and behaviors of different bird species, ensuring they receive the best possible care. Dr. Hoppes uses her knowledge and skills to diagnose and treat illnesses, provide preventive care, and even perform surgeries when needed. She also educates bird owners on how to keep their feathered companions healthy and happy, sharing her passion and knowledge to create a brighter future for avian health. Dr. Sharman Hoppes’s dedication to birds and her contributions to avian medicine make her a true advocate for these beautiful creatures, enriching the lives of both birds and their loving owners.\nThe Story of a Laboratory Veterinarian Dr. Martin J. Fettman\nDiscover Dr. Martin J. Fettman, a brilliant research veterinarian with a passion for advancing scientific knowledge. With years of experience and expertise in veterinary research, he has contributed significantly to the understanding of animal health and medicine. Dr. Fettman’s dedication to research has led to groundbreaking discoveries that continue to improve the lives of animals worldwide.\nMeet Dr. Martin J. Fettman, a brilliant research veterinarian who is passionate about exploring the mysteries of animal health and medicine. With his years of experience and expertise in veterinary research, he has become a trusted leader in the field. Dr. Fettman’s tireless dedication to advancing scientific knowledge has led to groundbreaking discoveries that have had a positive impact on the well-being of animals worldwide.\nIn his research work, Dr. Fettman collaborates with other scientists and veterinarians to study various aspects of animal health. Whether it’s investigating new treatments for diseases, studying the effects of nutrition on animal well-being, or exploring ways to improve animal care, he uses his vast knowledge and skills to contribute valuable insights to the veterinary community. Dr. Fettman’s commitment to research and his passion for improving animal lives continue to drive him in his pursuit of innovative solutions and groundbreaking discoveries. Through his contributions to the field of veterinary research, Dr. Martin J. Fettman is making a lasting impact on the health and happiness of animals everywhere.\nThe Story of an Equine Veterinarian Dr. Cynthia Patterson\nDiscover Dr. Cynthia Patterson, a compassionate equine veterinarian who dedicates her expertise to the care and well-being of horses. With a strong love for these majestic animals, she has become a trusted expert in equine medicine and provides essential medical attention to keep horses healthy and happy. Dr. Patterson’s commitment to equine health and her years of experience make her a valued resource for horse owners, ensuring that their beloved companions receive the best care possible.\nMeet Dr. Cynthia Patterson, a caring and experienced equine veterinarian, devoted to the health and happiness of horses. With a deep love for these majestic animals, she has become a trusted expert in equine medicine, providing essential care to keep horses thriving. Dr. Patterson’s journey as an equine veterinarian began with her fascination for horses from a young age, and she followed her passion by studying hard and gaining hands-on experience with these incredible creatures.\nIn her veterinary practice, Dr. Patterson works closely with horse owners to provide top-notch medical attention to their beloved companions. Whether it’s routine check-ups, treating injuries, or ensuring proper nutrition, she approaches every case with compassion and expertise. Dr. Patterson’s dedication to equine health extends beyond her practice, as she actively shares her knowledge with fellow veterinarians and horse enthusiasts. Through her contributions to the field of equine veterinary medicine, Dr. Cynthia Patterson continues to make a positive impact on the lives of horses and the people who cherish them.\nThe Story of a Large Animal Veterinarian Dr. Robert Callan\nDiscover Dr. Robert Callan, a dedicated large animal veterinarian whose passion lies in caring for big animals. With years of experience and expertise in large animal medicine, he is a trusted expert in the field. Dr. Callan’s commitment to the health and well-being of farm animals makes him a valuable resource for farmers and ranchers, ensuring that their livestock receive the best care possible.\nMeet Dr. Robert Callan, a caring and experienced large animal veterinarian, specializing in the health and well-being of big animals. With a wealth of knowledge and expertise in the field of large animal medicine, he is a trusted expert who has dedicated his career to ensuring the welfare of farm animals. Dr. Callan’s passion for animals began at a young age, and he pursued his dream of becoming a veterinarian by studying hard and gaining hands-on experience working with a variety of large animals.\nIn his veterinary practice, Dr. Callan works closely with farmers and ranchers to provide top-notch medical care to their livestock. Whether it’s treating sick animals, performing routine check-ups, or providing preventive care, he approaches every case with compassion and skill. Dr. Callan’s dedication to the well-being of large animals extends beyond his practice, as he actively shares his knowledge with other veterinarians and students, ensuring that future generations of large animal veterinarians are equipped to provide excellent care to farm animals. His contributions to the field and unwavering commitment to large animal health make Dr. Robert Callan an exceptional and valuable asset to the veterinary community.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://ccas-web.org/superconductivity/nmr/", "date": "2017-02-21T16:27:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501170794.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104610-00282-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9151049256324768, "token_count": 821, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-09__0__162646460", "lang": "en", "text": "NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) is a critical tool for genomics, drug discovery, biotechnology and materials science. Low Temperature Superconductor (LTS) materials enable the stable and homogeneous magnets required for precision NMR spectroscopy. Continued advances in superconducting materials have been repeatedly used to advance the performance of NMR systems, and thus benefit a wide range of science and technology applications.\nNMR is considered the most versatile spectroscopic tool in science today. In a 2003 report to the National Academies of Science, Robert Tycko of NIH stated that “NMR is one of the most important techniques in modern science, with applications in physics, chemistry, materials science, biology and medicine.” The discovery of NMR as an analytical technique and further refinements earned the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics as well as the 1991 and 2002 Nobel prizes in Chemistry. The methods of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, which are based on NMR, earned the 2003 Nobel Prize in Medicine.\nNMR techniques have provided a fundamental tool for the study of materials in chemistry and physics laboratories for more than 40 years. Using modern methods of NMR spectroscopy, an incredible range of science and technology is addressed on a daily basis.\nSome examples in materials science include the study of the chemistry of the fungal degradation of wood (a crucial recycling element in the global carbon cycle), the determination of the chemical structure of extraterrestrial matter in meteorites and the effects of various trace element additions on melt chemistry and matter flow in a variety of materials. In the life sciences, new methods use NMR as a diagnostic tool to identify people at greatest risk for developing heart disease by analyzing the size and concentration of lipoproteins, the small spheres that carry cholesterol around the body and deposit it in various locations. More importantly, by evaluating specific medications using NMR technology, physicians are better able to select cholesterol medications that will have optimal results for a patient depending on his or her lipoprotein size and concentration.\nProteins serve vital functions for sustaining life - from absorbing the oxygen we breathe, to digesting the food we eat, to producing the electrochemical signals that enable us to think. The structure and function of proteins remain at the frontier of life science. A typical protein is a chain of hundreds of amino acids combined in any of tens of thousands of patterns. While scientists have long been able to determine the sequences of many protein chains, the challenge is in the way this chain folds into a unique structure. It is this structure that determines the protein’s biochemical functions and properties; determining the structure is key to understanding the way it works. Knowing these structures has allowed drug companies to revolutionize drug-making processes, enabling them to develop drugs that specifically target certain proteins. In fact, finding the structure of a protein is such an achievement that many Nobel prizes have been given to those who have solved them. NMR has provided a powerful tool for protein structure determination and drug discovery.\nThe heart of the NMR spectrometer is a superconducting magnet. High field values and high homogeneity and stability of the magnetic field are essential to achieve the resolution and precision required for protein structure determination and other NMR analysis. With each advance made over the past 25 years in superconducting materials, first with niobium-titanium, then with niobium-tin conductors and now with a variety of materials suitable for ultra-high field applications, ever-higher field NMR spectrometers have been built and used to analyze increasingly complex molecules.\nA recent report from the National Academies of Science on future opportunities in high magnetic field science states that present limitations on widely available superconducting materials will limit future NMR machines to the 1000 MHz (1 GHz) level. This report further recommends expanded development efforts aimed at higher field superconductors to enable further advances in NMR and other applications of high fields and points out enormous potential benefits of continued support for R&D in superconducting materials/magnets.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://murraygrantbronzes.com/creative-process/", "date": "2024-04-17T02:44:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817128.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417013540-20240417043540-00475.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9497730731964111, "token_count": 528, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__77531269", "lang": "en", "text": "The Creative Process:\nMurray’s upbringing surrounded by East African wildlife and working in habitat conservation has afforded him a unique understanding of animal behaviour and ecology. His life in Africa allows him to explore incredible regions on foot, by land cruiser, with his mobile studio and these rich experiences resonate throughout his work. In the finish of each piece, a depth of knowledge, empathy and passion for the beautiful animals he sculpts is evidenced.\nHis technique combines the old and the new. He uses anatomical study, field sketching and the latest technologies to achieve the finest detail in his works of art. Projects are painstaking and involve months of research in remote and often difficult to reach areas of Africa and beyond. His subjects are often specific individuals of rare or endangered species and this means he is consistently testing his knowledge, equipment and artistic skill to the limit.\nThe creative process is one of complete immersion and always begins with hours of field sketching, photography and behavioral, ecological and anatomical study. Each piece requires a unique approach; some require hidden camera work and months of immersive research. Examples of longer term projects are his 2 year research project into the critically endangered Kenyan Mountain Bongo, tracking a huge mountain leopard in a remote high altitude habitat and sculpting the Mountain Nyala of the Ethiopian Highlands. Many projects involve gathering unique data that can be used in conservation work, including mapping of species and crucial habitats.\nResearch and Wildlife Monitoring:\nMurray has access to some of Africa’s best wildlife areas and collaborates widely with the local wildlife authorities to use his research materials in crucial wildlife monitoring and protections programmes.\nUsing some of the most cutting edge motion sensor cameras, Murray now has archives of research photography on several important species. These images are used by those working in wildlife surveillance to positively identify individuals and territories.\nMurray’s work is cast by Europe’s most cutting-edge Foundry, Pangolin Editions in UK, who are world class specialists in the lost wax process.\nFor more information on how Murray’s bronzes are made, see HERE – www.pangolin-editions.com\nMurray is passionate about his wildlife photography and relies a great deal on the information he collects through his camera work for movement, muscle, skin and other nuanced aspects of the subjects he sculpts.\nDuring his time in the bush he has been able to capture and witness countless unusual and significant wildlife sequences, which he records with still photography and video. Occasionally he produces limited edition prints for sale.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://renprors.com/about-kidney-disease/", "date": "2024-04-16T07:30:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817073.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416062523-20240416092523-00231.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9691739678382874, "token_count": 208, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__30548442", "lang": "en", "text": "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) or chronic renal disease, is a condition that occurs when your kidneys don’t work as well as they should to filter waste, toxins and excess fluid from your body. Kidney disease progresses in stages—defined by a blood test (eGFR) to determine how well your kidneys are working to clean your blood—and may eventually lead to kidney failure. The goal of treating CKD is to manage your health at every stage, which can help slow progression and keep your kidneys functioning as long as possible. Treatment options for kidney failure include dialysis or a kidney transplant.\nKidney disease is hard to detect early because most symptoms of kidney disease don’t show up until later stages. CKD symptoms may include fatigue, changes in urination, itching or swelling of the hands or feet.\nThere are some factors that put you at a higher risk for CKD, including family history, health conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, ethnicity or overuse of medications.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kwestskinbodyspirit.com/led-light-therapy/", "date": "2021-05-08T12:24:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243988882.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20210508121446-20210508151446-00152.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9194447994232178, "token_count": 849, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__78573632", "lang": "en", "text": "Single Session | $50\nPackage (up to 9 treatments) | $265\nEnjoy a relaxing session in the full-body LED light bed to rejuvenate the body and mind. Light therapy is known to energize, detoxify and activate the body’s natural healing powers by initiating cell turnover and DNA repair to reverse signs of aging and promote well-being.\nLED light bed therapy is a regenerative approach to anti-aging. Unlike tanning beds, with LED light there is no thermal damage to the skin, and the non-invasive treatment promotes cell creation and turnover. Our LED light therapy bed penetrates the skin and kick starts the body’s natural internal processes. Collagen production is activated and strong circulation is promoted.\nUsers of the light therapy bed spend 15-20 minutes in the warm, relaxing bed per treatment and see results immediately afterward. When used consistently, however, the cumulative results of 6 to 10 treatments are even more powerful, combining to create healthier, younger-looking skin.\nWhat Is an LED Light Therapy Bed?\nLED light therapy beds are not to be confused with tanning beds. The structures may look similar, they may both emit light, but the technology and results are diametrically opposite.\nThe UV radiation of a tanning bed is skin-damaging. The rays may create the skin tone you want to achieve, but they will also have a harsh effect on your skin while aging, as it shrinks your cells and reduces cellular regeneration.\nAn LED light therapy bed, however, is a regenerative approach to anti-aging. The word “therapy” is accurately applied here. There is no thermal damage to the skin, and the non-invasive treatment promotes cell creation and turnover.\nHow the LED Light Therapy Bed Works\nThe high-energy beams of an LED light therapy bed penetrate the skin and kickstart the body’s natural internal processes. As inflammation is the primary cause of illness and disease, the LED light therapy bed works by penetrating deep into the body to activate cell turnover and reduce this inflammation. Simultaneously, collagen production is increased and strong circulation is promoted.\nOver time, the LED lights penetrate the skin at about 4″ on each side, working on your skin, muscles and organs. The reactions your skin has to the lights can fight bacteria that causes acne, reduce wrinkles, tighten skin, reduce inflammation, and plump skin; your muscles and organs have an increase in neural stimuli which boosts your energy and mental clarity.\nEach client’s unique set of conditions will vary the effectiveness of the LED light therapy. Age, current skin condition, lifestyle, and diet all play a role. Your aesthetician will advise you on the best courses of treatment to give you the skin results you want.\nGentle and calming to the skin, research suggests that there are many benefits to spending time in an LED light therapy bed:\n- Diminish fine lines\n- Ward off acne\n- Reduce scarring\n- Heal wounds\n- Regenerate muscle\n- Delay the signs of aging\n- Minimize cellulite\n- Fade stretch marks\n- Smooth skin\n- Even skin tone\nLight therapy clients love the very act of spending time in a soothing light therapy bed. There is no discomfort or pain, no downtime, no scarring. In fact, this treatment sets the body’s inherent pain-relieving processes in motion.\nIs LED Light Therapy Right for You?\nWhen our body’s tissues absorb light, it is turned into energy; stimulating the body’s organic ability to regenerate cells and build new proteins in the skin. The texture and color of skin is improved. The anti-inflammatory effects of the light work to reduce physical and mental ailments.\nPlus, the warmth and relaxation benefits of lying in a light therapy bed cannot be overstated. Walking out of your aesthetician’s office looking younger and feeling refreshed and rejuvenated is nothing short of a gift.\nResearch suggests you can reverse the aging process, renew your skin, and revel in the relaxation of LED light therapy. Contact us to schedule your consultation.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.orkel.com/news/forage-quality/", "date": "2020-05-27T16:19:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347394756.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20200527141855-20200527171855-00535.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9461897015571594, "token_count": 765, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__161332046", "lang": "en", "text": "It's all about the forage quality\nIt's all about the forage quality\nProduce more milk with less forage\nIn a world where resources are more and more limited and we are all concerned about sustainability, efficiency and high quality in animal forage is a must. Orkel brings an efficient solution to achieve this, allowing producers to conserve better and make more with less!\nAccording to FAO report 2017, currently systems are likely capable of producing enough food for a population projected to reach more than 9 billion by mid-century. But to do so, in an inclusive and sustainable manner, major transformations are required.\nThe climate change affects livestock production in multiple ways, both directly and indirectly. The most important impacts are experienced in animal productivity, yields of forages and feed crops, animal health and biodiversity. Food losses and waste also hold back the transition to environmentally sustainable food systems. Approximately ⅓ of all food produced in our planet end up as loss and waste according to the ONU Report 2018, representing around $1 trillion in losses!\nWe can not continue to produce food in the same way we have done so far. This is a fact, and changes are urgently needed. The losses during production, transport and storage have to be dramatically minimized. At Orkel are constantly developing solutions to increase animal welfare and health, minimize losses and enhance efficiency.\nAnimals that are fed with Orkel bales tend to need less forage, due to the better conservation and therefore higher nutritional and energy. This reflects also in less methane emissions and eventually a better environment.\nImprovements in animal and human health is environmental friendly. A good example is some of the big and small european farms. They make the most out of a small area by baling the forage, because land is valuable. You can store the round bales in stacks anywhere, the plastic wrapping protects them from the weather. Silo and bulk storage takes up space that could be used for crops, compared with the round bales that will be fed over winter and be gone by spring.\nFeeding high quality silage\n- Cattle will need less silage due to high nutritional content, which leads you to feed more cattle and save costs.\n- The cattle produce more milk.\n- When the cattle eat high quality forage, and therefore needs less forage overall - the methane emissions are reduced.\n- Better animal health leads to better milk quality.\n- Less spoilage - silage from round bales are fresh and more apetizing. The leftovers are reduced.\nA good example is also forage producers in South America. In a way to enhance production efficiently, TMR is distributed for the different needs of the cattle. Feeding the animals different forage mixes based on their needs cause them to produce more milk with less forage and avoid spillage.\nIt is important to remember that it takes a lot of efforts to produce more milk and increase the milk quality, and it is crucial to keep feeding the cattle in a constant and balanced manner to avoid big variations in the production.\nConserve and organize your forage better with Orkel round bales and achieve savings in storage and transport costs. Orkel balers are known for high density bales, which leads to less film usage and fewer bales. High density bales with Orkel compactors is the efficient solution for both agriculture and industry.\nMeet us in South Africa\nJanuary 9th 2020 we will be present in South Africa to have a demo of the Dens-X compactor together with our customer Kameeldriftvoere Pty, Ltd.\nLocation: Cullinan, Gauteng\nContact us for more information: email@example.com", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.charlottestreetpartners.com/daily-briefing-fridays-are-for-optimism/", "date": "2022-10-02T04:20:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337244.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20221002021540-20221002051540-00613.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9603566527366638, "token_count": 693, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__209711236", "lang": "en", "text": "Necessity is the mother of invention, but don’t take my word for it – or Plato’s for that matter. Instead, take the word of CNN’s chief international anchor, Christiane Amanpour.\nEarlier this week, on the award-winning global affairs programme, Amanpour, she revealed that Cuba is on the verge of a Covid-19 vaccine breakthrough. News of a lung cancer vaccine out of Cuba has been circulating for the last five years and, happily, it turns out that Cuban immunologists have been able to engineer its technology to apply to coronavirus. The novel Cuban Covid-19 vaccine works similarly to its lung cancer vaccine cousin: it targets the viral growth factor and latches it onto a very unique protein a mix that is then inoculated.\nThis breakthrough comes despite Cuba’s aged medical infrastructure, its weak foreign investment and years of lacklustre economic performance, as Amanpour points out. However, her guest, Candace Johnson, chief executive of Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Centre, is quick to remark: “Cuba was sort of forced into this because […] they didn’t have access to the drugs that you might get in western countries [so] they developed the technologies to vaccinate their own people”.\nWhere there is need, there is a way. Necessity is an incredible motivator of ingenuity and invention.\nAnd the race to develop a vaccine over the past 12 months has been an emblem of Plato’s proverb: global immunologists were still uncertain of the structure and behaviour of the Covid virus when they were developing a vaccine. This is remarkable, given what we conventionally know about inoculation and how it has worked for decades. Needing a solution, despite many unknowns, forced scientists to redirect the scope of the vaccine not to the pathogen itself but to the human immune system’s response. That’s where genius lies: mRNA technology used to make the Moderna vaccineteaches cells how to make a viral protein to trigger an immune response, without having to inoculate the pathogen.\nAnd what if this complex, yet generic design had the power to tackle viruses such as HIV? Michael Barbaro, host of The New York Times podcast The Daily, recently sat down with Megan Twohey, a Times investigative reporter, to ask: “can Bill Gates vaccinate the world?” Her answer? Yes – and the foundation’s vaccine department already knows which horse to bet on: Covax. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation was one of the early investors in mRNA vaccine technology and it’s now being reported that its attention – and sizable investments – are being redirected to HIV. In fact, Moderna recently revealed to its investors that it will be conducting early-stage research for an HIV vaccine, given the success of its Covid-19 vaccine.\nSo, while the past year has been a uniquely difficult one for so many, it has also enabled great strides in medical research and innovation – progress that would have been unthinkable under normal circumstances. We have unlocked doors and made discoveries which may go on to save lives in the future, be they from HIV or an unknown virus still waiting to be discovered. And we have done it at a pace unmatched in human history.\nThat, I pose, is something to feel optimistic about.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.daniellerayne.com/aftermath", "date": "2019-10-18T17:06:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986684226.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20191018154409-20191018181909-00553.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9176818132400513, "token_count": 173, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__40329321", "lang": "en", "text": "Griffith Park had a fire Nov. 9th while Woolsey and Campfire wildfires burned. These are photos of the 300+ acres burned around Condor Trail and near the LA Zoo taken in the weeks post-fire.\nScrubjay sitting in charred branches of a tree\nTrail marker scorched on fire-ravaged tree.\nYellow Rumped Warbler\nYellow Rumped Warbler sitting in charred remains of tree.\nCloser version of Scrubjay sitting in charred branches of a tree\nBirds getting a drink from drips of hydrant water\nAcorn Woodpecker in burnt remains of a tree (landscape crop)\nAcorn Woodpecker in burnt remains of a tree (portrait crop)\nAll images are property of Danielle Rayne. So enjoy them but please don't use them without permission.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.blog.meansofseeing.com/2011/01/15/papyrus-update/", "date": "2019-01-17T22:06:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583659340.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20190117204652-20190117230652-00525.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9644800424575806, "token_count": 770, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__58563452", "lang": "en", "text": "In an earlier post this summer, I showed a few pics of 5 new papyrus plants I had acquired, with encouragement from my friend Kent Russell. In September, I moved them indoors ( a bit early, but I went travelling, I knew I wouldn’t be around to tend them outdoors). I have them in our 12′ tall south-facing windows, and they’re growing like crazy. Along with the great growth have come a couple of pest problems.\nThe Cyperus papyrus has exploded upwards to over 9′ tall. The previously needle-like leaves of earlier growths have been replaced by trifurcated strap-like fronds on the best stems. The weaker/older stems have been compromised by spider mites, which the newer growth is vigorously resisting. These mites showed up first on my Cyperus isocladus and soon spread to the neighboring Cyperus involucratus. I was able to keep up on the C. isocladus by scrupulously pinching and wping the mites from the leaves, but once it got into the hair-fine foliage of the C. involucratus I was forced to go another route.\nI first introduced a vial of predatory mites into these plants. I’m not sure of the results of this; they couldn’t have hurt, but I didn’t wait for the predators to show domination before moving onto another avenue of attack. I began, (and continue) to twice-daily spray the plants with a fine misting of dilute colloidal cinnamon with a drop of Physan 20. This, I believe, is what has really done the trick.\nThe other pest in the pots has been those annoyingly ever-present fungus gnats. The solution has not been a difficult one, but in future I’ll attack it more vigorously and more thoroughly. The trick has been a combination of the aforementioned spray, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis pellets in the pots and waterings, and yellow sticky-card traps. This attack has completely evicted the gnats from the papyrus. Unfortunately, the gnats have moved on to other plants around the house. From this, I’d recommend that anyone using BITS to control fungus gnats should go ahead and treat ALL the plants in their home, not just the obviously-infested ones.\nA little later in the fall, friends dropped off three pots of Cyperus alternifolius. These are winter refugees from a summer pond, but had outgrown their previous owner’s capacity to winter them indoors. I cut all the drying summer growth completely back, and in less than a month have seen it all replaced with bright and vigorous indoor growth. Having come in from a pond, these three pots are ugly, unwieldy, and fully root-bound. Both these and the other plants have been placed into tubs in the window, half-filled with (very lightly) fertilized water.\nThe “other” papyrus, the Cyperus albostriatus has proven to dislike the growing conditions favored by the larger plants. While it certainly doesn’t like to be dry, neither does it like to be swamped. I have potted it into a nice 8″ clay picklepot with a more conventional watering scheme and am experimenting with differing placement around the house to see what it really prefers.\nIt’s been fun having them inside during the winter! The tall stems and firework-like heads are a great exotic contrast to the snowy scene beyond the windowpane. I can hardly wait to get them back outside for the summer where they belong and see how they really do!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thesleepchecklist.co.uk/mattress/how-to-clean-a-mattress/remove-dust-mites/", "date": "2023-12-08T08:33:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100739.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208081124-20231208111124-00325.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8381792902946472, "token_count": 2075, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__245444441", "lang": "en", "text": "Have you realised, to your dismay, that you have dust mites on your mattress?\nIf you’re wondering how to remove dust mites from your mattress and suffer from allergic reactions like sneezing, then know you’re not alone.\nAn estimated 65 to 130 million people worldwide are allergic to house dust mites, considered the most common trigger of year-round allergies and asthma.\nUnlike bed bugs or lice that can be visually noticed, dust mites are microscopic in size, so you can’t see them with your own eyes.\nThis blog will give you a deeper understanding of dust mites, how they survive, what makes us allergic, and how to get rid of dust mites, especially on your mattress.\nIf you need to tackle multiple stains and odours, check out our how to wash a mattress all-in-one guide.\nWhat are dust mites?\nDust mites can only be seen under a microscope, measuring only 300 to 400 microns.\nUnlike lice and bed bugs, they are not parasites and only feed on dead skin flakes from humans and animals. With people shedding skin cells at an average rate of 500 million cells every day, dust mites will never starve with human presence.\nDust mites can thrive for up to three months in favourable conditions, temperatures of 20 to 25 ℃ and humidity levels of 70 to 80%.\nSince their bodies are 75% water by weight, they survive by absorbing moisture from the water vapour in the air.\nWhere Do Dust Mites Live?\nRelative humidity in your bedroom is critical for dust mite survival.\nConsidering the environmental conditions where dust mites thrive, dust mites are found in areas where dead skin cells accumulate and in warm, humid places like:\n- Upholstered furniture\n- Stuffed toys\nHow to get rid of dust mites from your mattress naturally?\nNow that we know how what the ideal environment is for dust mites to thrive, that is, temperatures of 20 to 25 ℃ and humidity levels of 70 to 80%, let’s wrap up what kills dust mites:\n- Extreme hot and cold temperatures\n- Humidity below 70%\n- Lack of moisture\nHere are the following ways to get rid of dust mites from your mattress.\nRegularly wash Your beddings\nIf you’re wondering what laundry detergent kills dust mites, the answer is that most can do the job.\nWhat matters most is the water temperature used in washing.\nIn a study, dust mites were killed by 55 ℃ or greater water temperatures. Dust mites aren’t the only living organism that could live on your mattress, so bookmark how to clean lice from a mattress just in case your little ones get them.\nRegular washing of beddings, at least once a week, will help remove dead skin cells accumulated during the week. This removes a vital food source, so the remaining dust mites won’t have anything to feed on.\nUsing baking soda and vacuum\nBaking soda is a powerful ingredient in mattress cleaning. Baking soda is the go-to for most mattress cleaning endavours, from cleaning wine stains from a mattress to cigarette smells and more.\nBut how does baking soda kill dust mites?\nBaking soda is a hygroscopic substance that will absorb moisture from the air or any surface it is applied.\nThis makes baking soda a natural dehumidifier. When used on a mattress, it will remove the moisture in the mattress surface, making it unfavourable for dust mites to survive.\nTo do this method,\n- Sprinkle baking soda all over the surface of your mattress.\n- Let it sit for at least 4 hours to let it absorb any moisture.\n- Remove the baking soda using a vacuum.\nVacuuming will also remove the dead skin cells, dust mites, dead dust mites, and dust mite droppings on the mattress surface. We recommend using a vacuum with HEPA filter, like this one from Dyson, to get rid of dust mites.\nHEPA is an acronym for “high-efficiency particulate air”. A type of air filter can theoretically remove at least 99.97% of dust, pollen, mould, bacteria, and any airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns.\nRemember that dust mites are as small as 300 microns, and droppings are as small as 20 microns? This means that they will be filtered using HEPA.\nReducing bedroom humidity\nAs mentioned, relative humidity is a critical factor for dust mites and other creatures like fleas to thrive.\nAccording to a study, relative humidity should be reduced to less than 50% to kill dust mites, which should be a good sleeping humidity level.\nThis humidity level can be achieved using dehumidifiers or an air conditioner in the bedroom. The difference between the two is their cooling function, but both work in reducing moisture in the air.\n- Use an air conditioner if you live in a hot weather area where you need cooling.\n- Use a dehumidifier if you live in a cool-weather area where you don’t need cooling.\nWhy Are Dust Mites Bad?\nAccording to American Lung Association, people are not allergic to dust mites themselves but to the proteins in dust mites’ faeces, urine, and decaying bodies?\nThese particles are so small that they can be airborne, ranging from 20 to 50 microns. It is estimated that house dust mites can produce 20 faecal droppings per day.\nSo if you have a million dust mites in your bed, that’s 20 million droppings!\nDust Mite Allergy Symptoms\nFor people sensitised to dust mites allergens, they can experience symptoms like:\n- runny or stuffy nose\n- feeling weak and tired\n- itchy and watery eyes\n- swollen eyelids\n- shortness of breath\nSuppose you’re experiencing one or multiple symptoms, especially in bed. It might signify that your mattress has dust mites and you’re allergic to them.\nDoes Lysol kill dust mites?\nYes, Lysol kills dust mites. They claim that, too, as Lysol contains chemicals like benzalkonium chloride that is toxic to dust mites. But remember, dust mites are not the cause of allergies but rather the droppings and dead bodies.\nYou might have effectively killed dust mites with Lysol but did not completely eliminate the allergens. To do this properly:\n- Spray Lysol all over your mattress to remove all the dust mites.\n- Allow it to dry.\n- Vacuum the area to remove the dead dust mites and droppings.\nDust Mites Prevention Tips\nDust mites allergens can be eliminated on a mattress by\n- Washing beddings weekly using high temperature\n- Removing mattress moisture using baking soda\n- Removing dust mites, dust mite droppings, and dead dust mites using a vacuum\n- Reducing bedroom humidity using air conditioning or dehumidifier\nAside from the steps above, here are some other precautions you can do to prevent dust mites from pestering your mattress in the first place:\n- If it can’t be removed from the bedroom, regularly wash stuffed toys in hot water.\n- Use synthetic pillows instead of traditional feathered ones so they can regularly be washed on high heat.\n- Avoid using carpets in bedrooms which can be a trap to dust.\n- Opt for blinds in bedrooms instead of curtains which can also trap dust.\n- Use a damp mop or rag to remove dust on floors and furniture to capture dust.\n- Keep your mattress and pillows in dustproof, machine washable covers.\n- Respiratory allergy caused by house dust mites: What do we really know? (2014). Retrieved from The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology:\n- Dust Mite Allergy . (n.d.). Retrieved from Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America:\n- Dust Mites and Cockroaches . (n.d.). Retrieved from National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences:\n- The skinny on how shed skin reduces indoor air pollution . (2011, May 9). Retrieved from American Chemical Society:\n- Fox, M. (n.d.). The Biology of House Dust Mites and Dust Mite Allergies . Retrieved from Airmid Health Group: https://airmidhealthgroup.com/the-biology-of-house-dust-mites-and-dust-mite-allergies.html\n- Dust and Dust Mites . (n.d.). Retrieved from Lung Association:\n- Dust mite allergies: Overview . (2020, April 23). Retrieved from National Center for Biotechnology Information:\n- McDonald, L. G., & Tovey, E. (1992, October). The role of water temperature and laundry procedures in reducing house dust mite populations and allergen content of bedding. Retrieved from National Center for Biotechnology Information:\n- Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) . (n.d.). Retrieved from United States Environmental Protection Agency:\n- Lappharat, S., Taneepanichskul, N., Reutrakul, S., & Chirakalwasan, N. (2018, April 15). Effects of Bedroom Environmental Conditions on the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea . Retrieved from National Center for Biotechnology Information:\n- Ong, K.-H., Lewis, R. D., Dixit, A., MacDonald, M., Yang, M., & Qian, Z. (2014). Inactivation of dust mites, dust mite allergen, and mold from carpet . Retrieved from National Center for Biotechnology Information:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://research.rmutt.ac.th/2011/06/06/column-photobioreactor-to-algal-cultivation-for-biofuel-production/", "date": "2023-03-28T00:25:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948708.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20230327220742-20230328010742-00281.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9332793354988098, "token_count": 204, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__151715291", "lang": "en", "text": "By Sirikhae Pongswat and Sutthawan Suphan\nAward KIWIE Award : Korea International Women’s Invention Exposition 2010 (KIWIE 2010)\nAlgae are the autotrophic organism that can contain a high lipid, rapid growth and require small area for growing. Therefore, algae are the very interesting organism to apply for biofuel production. One of the problem issue is about the complicated of cultivation system, so the column photobioreactor for algal cultivation was developed in this research. It can control many conditions for algal cultivation such as light, nutrients, oxygen and decrease scum formation including easy to harvest the products. Therefore, the algae that cultured with this column photobioreactor will have rapid growth rate and high lipid content. This method have a high potential to be used for algal cultivation for biofuel production with high biomass production and reduce cost, it is very interesting method for production alternative energy while lacking of energy in the present day.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ajc.school/infrastructure/laboratories/biology-laboratory.html", "date": "2024-02-22T23:24:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473871.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222225655-20240223015655-00541.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9434820413589478, "token_count": 1200, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__180329657", "lang": "en", "text": "Biology plays an important role in the understanding of complex forms of life involving humans, animals and plants. Understanding these intricate details of life helps humans understand how to care for themselves, animals and plants in the proper manner. Biology helps individuals understand the interaction between humanity and the world. It also develops interests in the lives of living organisms in an effort to preserve them.\nThrough studying biology, pathologists understand the human body, the functions of various organs, how diseases affect the body and ways to effectively control diseases. Veterinarians have to study biology to appreciate the functions of animals, including marine animals and creatures that live on land. Environmentalists rely on the study of biology to learn how man’s actions affect his surroundings and the ecosystems of other living beings.\nStudying biology is the foundation of all characteristics of life on Earth. Apart from creating solutions to the challenges many living organisms face, it paves the way for inventions and discoveries that improve the quality of life. Without studying biology, humans would probably never realize how important maintaining a healthy ecology is for themselves, animals and plant life. Additionally, studying biology enables the use of forensics to trace and arrest errant members of the society. It also allows agriculturalists to rear unique breeds of plants and animals.\nWhy Biology is important to study for high school?\n- It helps us get a better understanding about the world in its natural processes.\n- It is the study of how lives evolves, survives and changes, thereby answering the fundamental questions about life.\n- It gives knowledge about the interaction of cells with organs and organisms, environment and ecosystem.\n- It teaches how various organs and system works on human body and how everything is connected in our body.\n- It is an important subject for medical point of view which includes identifying disease and its cure. Hence, paving way for scientific investigations.\n- Knowledge of Biology helps making a better environment to live in.\n- The vast study of Biology has contributed improvement in agriculture.\nOften students find Biology as a boring subject; however, it is scoring subject if you adopt the systematic learning approach. The students who aim to make career in life sciences and medicine then they should seriously think about studying this subject right from high school grade.\nBiology Lab Safety Rules:\nThe following biology lab safety rules are a sample of the most basic rules that should be followed when in a biology lab. Most labs have the safety rules posted in a visible place and your instructor will most likely go over them with you before you begin working.\n1. Be Prepared\nBefore you enter a biology lab, you should be prepared for and knowledgeable about any lab exercises that are to be performed. That means you should read your lab manual to know exactly what you will be doing.\nReview your biology notes and relevant sections in your biology textbook before your lab begins. Make sure you understand all procedures and purposes, as this will help you understand the lab activities you will perform. It will also help you get your thoughts organized for when you have to write your lab report.\n2. Be Neat\nWhen working in a biology lab, make sure you keep your area neat and organized. If you happen to spill something, ask for assistance when cleaning it up. Also, remember to clean your work area and wash your hands when you are finished.\n3. Be Careful\nAn important biology lab safety rule is to be careful. You may be working with glass or sharp objects, so you don't want to handle them carelessly.\n4. Wear Proper Clothing\nAccidents do happen in a biology lab. Some chemicals have the potential to damage clothing. With that in mind, you want to make sure that the clothing you wear is something you could do without if it becomes damaged. As a precaution, wearing an apron or lab coat is a good idea.\nYou will also want to wear proper shoes that can protect your feet in case something gets broken. Sandals or any type of open-toed shoes are not recommended.\n5. Be Cautious With Chemicals\nThe best way to remain safe when dealing with chemicals is to assume that any chemical you handle is dangerous. Be sure you understand what type of chemicals you are using and how they should be properly handled.\nIf any chemical comes in contact with your skin, wash immediately with water and inform your lab instructor. Wear protective eyewear when handling chemicals, which brings us to the next rule.\n6. Wear Safety Goggles\nSafety goggles may not be the most fashion-forward accessory and can fit awkwardly on your face, but they should always be worn when you are working with chemicals or any type of heating apparatus.\n7. Locate Safety Equipment\nBe sure you know where to find all safety equipment in the biology lab. This includes such items as the fire extinguisher, first aid kit, broken glass receptacles, and chemical waste containers. Also be sure you know where all the emergency exits are located and which exit route to take in case of an emergency.\n8. Biology Lab Don'ts\nThere are several things in a biology lab that you must always avoid—here are a few major laboratory don'ts.\n- eat or drink in the lab\n- taste any chemicals or substances you are working with\n- use your mouth for pipetting substances\n- handle broken glass with bare hands\n- pour chemicals down the drain without permission\n- operate lab equipment without permission\n- perform your own experiments unless given permission\n- leave any heated materials unattended\n- place flammable substances near heat\n- engage in childish antics such as horseplay or pranks\n9. Have a Good Experience\nBiology lab is an important aspect of any general biology or AP biology course. In order to have a good lab experience, make sure that you follow these biology lab safety rules and any instructions given to you by your lab instructor.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.ubuy.bs/category/health-household/diet-sports-nutrition/sports-nutrition/testosterone-boosters-6973724011", "date": "2024-02-26T22:04:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474663.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226194006-20240226224006-00275.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9045870900154114, "token_count": 989, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__110463312", "lang": "en", "text": "The ultimate unique product selection is on its way\nExplore A Wide Range of Testosterone Boosters in The Bahamas\nTestosterone boosters are supplements that are designed to increase the production of testosterone in the body. Testosterone is a hormone that plays a crucial role in muscle growth, energy levels, and overall well-being. These boosters are commonly used by athletes and bodybuilders to enhance performance and build lean muscle mass.\nBenefits of Testosterone Boosters\nThere are several benefits of using testosterone boosters:\nIncreased Muscle Mass: Testosterone is closely linked to muscle growth. Boosting your testosterone levels can help increase muscle mass and strength.\nImproved Athletic Performance: Testosterone is known to enhance athletic performance by improving stamina, endurance, and recovery.\nIncreased Energy Levels: Testosterone boosters can provide a natural energy boost, helping you stay more active and focused throughout the day.\nEnhanced Libido: Testosterone plays a key role in sexual health and libido. Taking testosterone boosters may help improve your sex drive and performance.\nImproved Mood: Low testosterone levels are often associated with mood swings, irritability, and depression. Boosting testosterone can help improve mood and overall well-being.\nHow Do Testosterone Boosters Work?\nTestosterone boosters work by increasing the production of testosterone or by preventing its conversion into estrogen. The ingredients in these supplements may vary, but common ones include D-aspartic acid, fenugreek extract, zinc, vitamin D, and Tribulus terrestris.nnD-aspartic acid stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone, which then signals the testes to produce more testosterone. Fenugreek extract has been shown to increase testosterone levels and improve strength. Zinc is an essential mineral for testosterone production, and vitamin D helps regulate testosterone levels. Tribulus terrestris is a plant extract commonly used in testosterone boosters for its potential to enhance libido.\nChoosing the Right Testosterone Booster\nWhen selecting a testosterone booster, it's important to consider the following factors:\nIngredients: Look for testosterone boosters that contain scientifically-backed ingredients such as D-aspartic acid, fenugreek extract, and zinc.\nReputation: Research the brand and read reviews to ensure you're purchasing a reputable product.\nSafety: Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking medication.\nQuality: Choose testosterone boosters from trusted manufacturers that follow strict quality control standards.\nDosage and Instructions: Follow the recommended dosage instructions provided by the manufacturer to ensure optimal results.\nFrequently Asked Questions About Testosterone Boosters\nDo testosterone boosters have any side effects?\nWhile testosterone boosters are generally safe when used as directed, some individuals may experience side effects such as acne, hair loss, increased aggression, or changes in mood. It's important to monitor your body's response and discontinue use if any adverse effects occur.\nCan testosterone boosters help with muscle growth?\nYes, testosterone boosters can help with muscle growth by increasing testosterone levels, which in turn enhances protein synthesis and promotes muscle hypertrophy. Combined with proper diet and exercise, testosterone boosters can be an effective tool for muscle development.\nAre there natural ways to boost testosterone levels?\nYes, there are natural ways to boost testosterone levels. Some lifestyle changes and habits that may help include maintaining a healthy weight, getting regular exercise, managing stress levels, getting enough sleep, and ensuring adequate intake of essential nutrients like zinc and vitamin D.\nAre testosterone boosters only for bodybuilders?\nNo, testosterone boosters are not only for bodybuilders. While they are commonly used by athletes and bodybuilders to enhance performance and muscle growth, individuals with low testosterone levels or those looking to improve their overall well-being and vitality may also benefit from testosterone boosters.\nCan testosterone boosters improve mood and mental clarity?\nYes, testosterone boosters can improve mood and mental clarity. Testosterone plays a vital role in cognitive function and overall brain health. By optimizing testosterone levels, individuals may experience improved mood, focus, and mental sharpness.\nAre there any age restrictions for using testosterone boosters?\nThere are no strict age restrictions for using testosterone boosters. However, it is recommended that individuals under the age of 18 or those with underlying health conditions consult with a healthcare professional before starting any testosterone booster.\nHow should testosterone boosters be taken for optimal results?\nTo achieve optimal results, it's important to follow the recommended dosage instructions provided by the manufacturer. It's also beneficial to combine testosterone boosters with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and a healthy lifestyle.\nCan testosterone boosters improve sexual performance?\nYes, testosterone boosters can potentially improve sexual performance by boosting libido and enhancing erectile function. However, it's important to note that individual results may vary, and other factors such as overall health and relationship dynamics play a role as well.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://geekbarista.wordpress.com/2017/01/15/mysterious-non-protein-coding-rnas-play-important-roles-in-gene-expression-2/", "date": "2018-12-14T07:45:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376825495.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20181214070839-20181214092339-00374.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9327000975608826, "token_count": 402, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__13697974", "lang": "en", "text": "In cells, DNA is transcribed into RNAs that provide the molecular recipe for cells to make proteins. Most of the genome is transcribed into RNA, but only a small proportion of RNAs are actually from the protein-coding regions of the genome.\n“Why are the non-coding regions transcribed at all? Their function has been mysterious,” said Shelley Berger, PhD, a professor of Cell and Developmental Biology and director of the Penn Epigenetics Institute in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.\nBerger and Daniel Bose, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in her lab, study the regulation of gene expression from enhancers, non–coding regions of the genome more distant from protein-coding regions. Enhancers boost the rate of gene expression from nearby protein-coding genes so a cell can pump out more of a needed protein molecule. A mysterious subset of non-coding RNAs called enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are transcribed from enhancer sequences. While these are important for boosting gene expression, how they achieve this has been completely unknown.\nShedding new light on these elusive eRNAs, they showed that CBP, an enzyme that activates transcription from enhancers, binds directly to eRNAs. This simple act controls patterns of gene expression in organisms by regulating acetylation, a chemical mark that directs DNA tightly packed in the nucleus of cells to loosen to promote transcription. Their findings are published this week in Cell.\n“The cells in our bodies share the same genes and DNA sequences, and differ only in how these genes are expressed,” Bose said. “Enhancers and eRNAs are critical for this process. Our work shows an exciting new way that eRNAs produce these different patterns of gene expression. We asked if eRNAs work directly with CBP, and found that they do.”\nSource: University of Pennsylvania", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://blog.gerstein.info/2014/05/thoughts-on-wapners-philadelphia.html", "date": "2017-04-25T04:38:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917120101.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031200-00358-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9609510898590088, "token_count": 646, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__263446226", "lang": "en", "text": "I found Jessica Wapner's book the Philadelphia Chromosome a great read. It certainly makes a suitable volume for teaching people about how basic science gets connected to real medical problems, turning into drugs and many complexities along the way. The book starts off, most importantly, with the science, explaining how the key mutation in CML is identified as a fusion involving a tyrosine kinase, the BCR-ABL fusion. It talks about how the idea of oncogenes was developed from the early 1900s, these being aberrant versions of normal genes (proto-oncogenes) in the genome that are disrupted. (For instance, those associated with RSV are disrupted by a virus.) There is a broader discussion of how many of these disrupted genes are kinases, particularly tyrosine kinases, which are involved in many important pathways in the cell.\nThen there is a long discussion about chromosomes and translocation and how people realized that the aberrant karyotype in CML actually results from a particular chromosomal translocation and how this effects the location encoding the BCR and ABL genes, connecting up two lines of research. There is much discussion of the historical figures involved including the Nobel Prize winners Bishop, Varmus and Baltimore and many of their protégés.\nAfter the aberrant tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL was identified, Wapner goes through the long story of how a drug company (Novartis) actually sets about to create a compound to deal with this and how arduous that is. She leads us through the phase I, phase II and phase III trials of the drug, initially called STI-571. She describes how it had to just demonstrate efficacy relative to the conventional treatment for CML (Interferon), how it did so well and how it was fast tracked into patients, there being so much demand. Initially the drug company was a little reluctant because of the small market for CML, preferring to go forward with tyrosine-kinase targets associated with more common diseases such as breast cancer.\nFinally, Wapner talks about some of the interesting corollaries of a successful drug trial, including: the development of resistance in cancers (based on particular mutations in Abl and how the companies have developed alternate tyrosine kinase inhibitors to combat these), how there has been lots of interesting downstream science to understand BCR-Abl in more detail, such as a crystal structure of the kinase, and how economically Novartis actually ended up doing much better from this \"niche disease\" than expected, since CML patients are living much longer than their initially supposed few months.\nOverall I found this a very good read that really puts science in context and I would recommend it highly for introductory classes that want to associate a lively story and names of particular people with abstract scientific ideas.\nMy tags: \"Gettysburg Tryptophan Philadelphia\" and http://linkstream2.gerstein.info/tag/philadelphia0mg\nThe Philadelphia Chromosome: A Mutant Gene and the Quest to Cure Cancer at the Genetic Level\nby Jessica Wapner", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.vitajuwel.co.za/pages/about", "date": "2022-08-18T05:48:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00762.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9568068981170654, "token_count": 398, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__163677139", "lang": "en", "text": "In case you already knew about the beneficial effects of gemstones on water, you probably put the gems directly in the water. This way, you also experienced that your gems had to be thoroughly scrubbed on a regular basis and due to that process became dull over the time.\nAs the gems in the VitaJuwel are sealed inside the vial, they don't have to be cleaned and stay bright and shiny over the years.\nYou probably also heard of the dangers of choosing stones that release toxic substances into the water or using crystals impregnated with artificial resins.\nVitaJuwel relieves you of these worries. The gems inside the vial - though already carefully selected - don't come in contact with the water. A pollution of the water by the gems is impossible.\nAlthough the gems don't come in direct physical contact with the water, the vial maintains their power of vitalizing the surrounding water, acting like a natural prism for the crystal's radiant energy. This effect can be tasted by sensual water lovers and has been proven by lab analysis.\nVitaJuwel is the most hygienic and efficient method to prepare and enjoy fresh gemwater!\nThe scientific survey by Institute Hagalis, an international research laboratory for the quality analyses of edibles, water etc. provides proof of VitaJuwel effectiveness through scientific analyses.\nA neutral sample with tap water from Ueberlingen at Lake Constance, Germany and a sample of the same water after being treated with VitaJuwel.\nWithin this test, two samples were examined:\nResults of the scientific survey\nThe treatment with VitaJuwel resulted in very clear quality improvements in both biological as well as technical regard. Compared to the neutral sample or to other comparable tap waters a significant quality increase was measured.\nFor this reason, the sample is reaching a quality level otherwise only found in natural spring water.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://ifp.nyu.edu/2018/open-access-journal-articles/s12889-018-5131-4/", "date": "2018-07-23T17:32:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676599291.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20180723164955-20180723184955-00581.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9445943236351013, "token_count": 450, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__25075432", "lang": "en", "text": "The population-based incidence of sarcoma and its histological subtypes in Germany is unknown. Up-to-date information on a disease with an incidence comparable to other cancer entities is of high public health relevance. The aim of this study was to determine this incidence and to detect significant changes in incidence trends using data from German epidemiological cancer registries.\nPooled data from the German Centre for Cancer Registry Data with a primary diagnosis occurring in 2013 were used. To date, this is the latest data on cancer incidence available for Germany. All German cancer registries with sufficient completeness were included (10 out of 11), covering a population of 70.0 million people, representing 87% of the German population. All malignant sarcomas according to the RARECARE Project and the WHO classification 2002 were considered for analysis and, above all, gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) of uncertain behaviour. Sensitivity analysis was performed excluding certain histologies.\nThe analysis included 3404 cases in men and 3442 cases in women diagnosed in 2013. The age adjusted sarcoma incidence (European standard) was 7.4 (men) and 6.6 (women) per 100,000 inhabitants. About 70% of sarcomas were soft tissue sarcomas, about 22% GIST, and about 9% bone sarcomas. The most common histological subtypes besides GIST were fibrosarcomas (14%) and liposarcomas (12%) in men and complex mixed and stromal neoplasms (22%), non-uterine leiomysarcomas (10%) and fibrosarcomas (9%) in women. Considering the trend for the years of diagnosis 2004 to 2013, there was a significant increase in incidence for GIST while the incidence of soft tissue sarcomas (only men) as well as of bone sarcoma stayed constant over time. As to soft tissue sarcoma in women, the incidence stayed constant up to the year 2009 and significantly decreased afterwards.\nThis study is the first detailed analysis of a German-wide population-based sarcoma incidence showing results comparable to the incidence detected in the RARECARE Project.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://robotic-surgery.med.nyu.edu/for-patients/our-departments/gynecology/procedures/radical-hysterectomy", "date": "2015-01-29T14:18:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-06/segments/1422115855094.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20150124161055-00176-ip-10-180-212-252.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9308053255081177, "token_count": 1164, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-06__0__132002239", "lang": "en", "text": "Early-stage cervical cancer is treatable either by radiation therapy or surgical removal of the cancer. The standard surgical treatment for this condition is radical hysterectomy, which entails the removal of the uterus, cervix, bilateral parametria (connective tissue in the pelvis), upper vagina, and a portion of the uterosacral ligament—combined with a pelvic lymphadenectomy (complete removal of the pelvic lymph nodes). In cases where the patient wants to preserve the option to have a child in the future, a radical trachelectomy, in which all the aforementioned organs are surgically removed except for the uterus, may be an option. This can only be decided after careful discussion with the patient’s gynecologic oncologist, however.\nRobotic surgery is particularly well-suited to both of these procedures, thanks to its excellent visualization of the operating field and the fact that it enhances the ability of surgeons to perform the meticulous dissections required in these surgeries.\nOnce five ports have been placed in the patient’s abdomen using quarter-inch incisions, the surgeon begins by dissecting the spaces inside the pelvis to define the operating field. Next, the bladder is moved away from the uterus, cervix and upper vagina, and the uterine artery is tied off and cut at its origin from the internal iliac (or hypogastric) artery. The ureter is then completely dissected away from its surrounding tissue, allowing for a resection of the entire parametrial tissue, after which the rectovaginal space is opened by incising the peritoneum and the uterosacral ligaments are resected. Finally the upper vagina is excised and the uterus, cervix, both parametria, the uretral sacral ligaments and upper vagina are all removed en bloc (together) through the vagina, after which the remaining vagina is sutured shut.\nIn the case of a radical trachelectomy, the procedure is performed in much the same fashion, except that an incision is made at the cervico-uterine junction and at the level of the vagina, and the cervix is then excised at the junction where it meets the uterus in order to preserve the top and body of the uterus. The vagina is then sutured to the lower uterine segment.\nA pelvic lymphadenectomy (total removal of the pelvic lymph nodes) is a critical part of these procedures, both from a standpoint of staging and cancer control. This step can be performed either before or after a radical hysterectomy. It is always performed prior to a radical trachelectomy, however, since the uterine-sparing approach may be abandoned mid-procedure if the lymph nodes appear to be suspicious for cancer. First, the peritoneum overlying the external iliac artery is incised, and all visible lymphatic tissue is then surgically removed from the upper and lower pelvis. Careful dissection is performed to preserve the genitofemoral nerve, which is important for sensation.\nIt simplifies an inherently difficult procedure. This highly complex operation is made significantly easier by the fact that the da Vinci surgical system’s 3-D, high-definition image allows the surgeon to easily visualize all aspects of the operating field and precisely dissect fine tissues such as the ureters and major blood vessels.\nLess blood loss during surgery. Robotic radical hysterectomy/trachelectomy is associated with less intra-operative blood loss compared to open or traditional laparoscopic surgery—reducing the need for blood transfusion.\nSuperior visualization of the operating site. The magnified 3-D, high-definition image provided by the da Vinci Si surgical system enables excellent visualization of the ureters, blood vessels, and other organs during surgery.\nLess scarring. When radical hysterectomy/trachelectomy is performed robotically, the quarter-inch incisions result in significantly less scarring than with an open procedure.\nLess post-operative pain. The smaller incisions used in robotic radical hysterectomy/trachelectomy also result in less post-operative pain than the large abdominal incision employed in open surgery. In addition, there may be less manipulation of the incision sites when using the da Vinci Si surgical system compared to laparoscopic surgery. This may also contribute to decreased post-operative pain—something that is the subject of an ongoing prospective investigation by the gynecologic surgeons at NYU Langone’s Robotic Surgery Center.\nFaster recovery and shorter hospital stay. Most patients undergoing robotic radical hysterectomy are able to resume normal activities within 2 to 3 weeks, compared to 6 to 8 weeks for open surgery.\nFewer post-operative complications. Compared to open surgery, minimally-invasive hysterectomy procedures, including robotic radical hysterectomy/trachelectomy, are associated with reduced risk of complications, including infection of the incision sites.\nOur gynecologic oncology surgeons, Dr. Bhavana Pothuri and Dr. John Curtin, are among the most highly-skilled laparoscopic and robotic surgeons in the New York area, and have spent many years perfecting minimally-invasive surgical techniques for the treatment of gynecologic cancers. Over the past several years, they have built on their extensive experience with laparoscopy to expand into the robotic realm. During this time they have performed a number of radical hysterectomies for the treatment of early-stage cervical cancer.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://synthroidmedication.net/", "date": "2021-05-06T09:35:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243988753.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210506083716-20210506113716-00237.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9339914917945862, "token_count": 1108, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__201573849", "lang": "en", "text": "The thyroid gland is one of the organs releasing a life-important thyroid hormone. The American Thyroid Association claims that 20 million Americans suffer from thyroid disease. A significant percentage of these are people with the underactive thyroid gland. Their disease is called hypothyroidism. Synthroid, the drug we are going to speak about today, is aimed at supporting healthy levels of this crucial human hormone in those individuals whose thyroid fails to fulfill its function properly.\nThanks to Synthroid, people with hypothyroidism can get rid of almost permanent tiredness, improve the condition of their skin, normalize the work of the heart, and improve their general health condition overall.\nSynthroid is a thyroid hormone developed synthetically in the chemical laboratories. It is identical in structure and effects induced by the natural hormone released by the thyroid gland. The active ingredient of the medication is levothyroxine sodium. It totally replaces or helps to achieve healthy levels of thyroid hormone in people whose organ is malfunctioning or was removed surgically.\nThe drug is not intended to treat temporary hypothyroidism caused by thyroiditis (gland inflammation). Though Synthroid can be applied in complex treatment of cancerous processes in the thyroid, the drug is not appropriate for the therapy of non-cancerous tumors. Besides, Synthroid is not intended to treat thyroid gland enlargement when it is not accompanied by changes in the normal levels of iodine.\nThyroid dysfunction cannot be cured. The only way to support the patient’s health is a life-long hormone replacement therapy. Therefore, Synthroid should be taken for life. As for the frequency of intake, the medication is recommended to be taken once daily. Food can affect the absorption of levothyroxine, thus it should be taken on an empty stomach about 30 – 60 minutes before a meal.\nThe dose of the medication needed varies for different patients. It may take several attempts to choose the exact dose of Synthroid that will be enough to maintain the patient’s health condition and not cause any unwanted symptoms.\nThe dosing regimen for each patient is determined, taking into account his/her weight, age, overall health condition, results of the thyroid hormone levels tests, and your response to the therapy. Depending on different factors, the dose of the drug may need to be changed. To such situations belong the pregnancy of the patient, development of some new general health problems, worsening of the function of the gland, changes in weight, etc.\nBecause Synthroid is actually a thyroid hormone, which is normally produced within the human body, it doesn’t impose any serious side effects. The only problem one can face is hair loss. It is usually a temporary condition characteristic of the initial stages of therapy with Synthroid. Yet if it lasts for too long of the hair loss gets more intensive, contact your healthcare provider. However, the described scenario is possible when your daily dose of levothyroxine is set correctly.\nIn case your healthcare provider prescribes you an excessively high dose of the hormone, you may experience hyperthyroidism symptoms. They can range from light to severe. It depends on the level of an excess of thyroid hormone. The health problems you may have are listed below:\nChanges in the heartbeat;\nPain in the bones;\nSwelling of the feet or hands;\nWhenever you experience these reactions, stop taking Synthroid and go to the doctors to get immediate medical help.\nThyroid gland problems can affect the ability of women to conceive. When getting therapy with Synthroid, the infertility problem can disappear. The use of this medication during pregnancy is allowed. Moreover, you have to inform your doctor about your condition, as your dose of Synthroid may need to be increased. Don’t stop taking the drug abruptly. It can provoke a miscarriage.\nIntake of the medication by breastfeeding mothers possesses no danger to the nursing baby. Still, the dose needs to be discussed with a medical specialist.\nNormally, the thyroid hormone gets from the thyroid gland right into the bloodstream. Therefore, neither food nor drinks we consume play a significant role in our thyroid hormone amounts. However, when taking a synthetic hormone, which gets into the organism via the gastric tract, the impact of food on the speed and the levels of its absorption does play a role. For this reason, people taking Synthroid should avoid concomitant intake of this medication with the following products:\nCalcium or iron supplements.\nIt’s crucial to select the right dose of the medication to get the most benefit from it. To help your doctor set the right dosing regimen, you need to tell him/her about all the major health conditions you suffer and provide a list of medications and herbal products you take as some of them may also influence the dose of the Synthroid needed. Don’t forget to inform your attending doctor if you have:\nAdrenal gland dysfunction;\nHeart disease, including irregular heart rhythm.\nThe possibility that you have one of the listed health issues along with low thyroid function is very high. The reason is that hypothyroidism can cause rapid weight gain and obesity. The latter is a risk factor for three of the mentioned diseases.\nDiabetics taking Synthroid should regularly check their blood sugar levels. Any symptoms of elevated blood glucose levels are a reason to call your doctor.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.appcontech.com/brand/intro.asp?bid=GHGLE", "date": "2021-12-02T15:39:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362230.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20211202145130-20211202175130-00311.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7783608436584473, "token_count": 669, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__181217835", "lang": "en", "text": "Abbiotec is a company focused on developing and commercializing next generation antibodies and reagents for the life science research community. Our proprietary technologies allow us to select, design, and produce antibodies, lysates, and various reagents with a high degree of skill and efficiency so researchers can better focus their energies on their experimental designs and ideas.\nAbbiotec is a different type of reagent company for a new century of demanding and exciting research projects and ideas. Our tools enable the study of human biology and disease at the cellular and molecular levels, with cross applications in diagnostic assays that we hope may eventually lead to promising therapeutics.\nAbbiotec will also offer various complementary kits and solutions in the areas of genomics, proteomics, cell and tissue culture, and areas important for studies in functional genomics, signaling pathways, immunology, cancer, and brain disorders.\nAt Abbiotec, we believe that a strong relationship with our research community is the surest way to show our dedication and pride in our work and to allow for the maximum of success and satisfaction to our customers.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.wearegayfriendly.com/listings/rogerwilliamsparkzoo/", "date": "2024-04-24T19:56:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819847.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424174709-20240424204709-00199.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9067280888557434, "token_count": 305, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__35335230", "lang": "en", "text": "Roger Williams Park Zoo\nKnown for its award-winning conservation and environmental stewardship, Roger Williams Park Zoo in Providence, RI empowers guests to join together to conserve wildlife and wild places. A visit to the Zoo means a visit with animals like zebras, elephants, and giraffes in the Fabric of Africa, or marveling at amazing wildlife from North America like bison, eagles, and the critically endangered red wolf.\nThe animals, including red panda, snow leopard, and moon bears on the Marco Polo Trail are exactly what that intrepid explorer would have witnessed on his travels.\nA visit to Faces of the Rainforest brings patrons on an immersive journey to the depths of the jungle and the opportunity to see a free-flight aviary, giant otter waterslide, captivating primates, delightful sloths, engaging reptiles, and interesting amphibians.\nFor something slightly out of the ordinary, visit our new Explore and Soar area offering the exhilarating Soaring Eagle Zip ride, a train excursion through the woodlands, and virtual reality experiences that are out of this world and under the sea.\nRoger Williams Park Zoo is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, certified by American Humane, and home to numerous endangered species. The Zoo is open all year. For more information visit rwpzoo.org.\nLearn more about Roger Williams Park Zoo & Carousel Village by visiting: http://www.rwpzoo.org.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.beyondms.net/alternative-treatments-for-ms/diet/", "date": "2019-03-20T23:31:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912202474.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20190320230554-20190321012554-00085.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9570010304450989, "token_count": 446, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__59603886", "lang": "en", "text": "Naturopathic physicians have long held that most of the chronic degenerative diseases of our modern era are diet-related.\nThe naturopathic physician is highly trained in clinical nutrition and possesses the knowledge of the therapeutic nutritional effects of different foods, vitamins and minerals in the treatment of disease. To this end the physician may choose to test the patient’s blood for genetic factors which determine the type of diet best suited for the patient. Also, allergy testing is often recommended to determine what agent is contributing to the illness.\nThe higher incidences of Multiple Sclerosis parallel increased rates of cancer, heart disease and arthritis, as well as other chronic degenerative diseases. All of these coincide with the introduction of high fat, high refined sugar and processed food diets which have become the standard diet of most North Americans.\nThere has been a considerable body of research which bears this out, most notably that of Francis Pottenger, M.D., Weston Price, DDS and Roy Swank, M.D.\nOne of the cornerstones of treatment for Multiple Sclerosis is dietary. Roy Swank M.D. and his colleagues have shown that diets low in fats cause the illness to go into remission and the symptoms to diminish.\nFurther, in following patients over a period of 35 years, he has shown that those who follow this diet have lower disease progression rates than those who do not. Most significantly, it has been shown that many patients are able to lead normal lives with just dietary manipulation alone.\nThe MS patient begins to experience changes in the disease process within 4 to 6 weeks of starting the diet, often sooner. The longer the person continues with the diet the more improvement occurs. Even persons with severe manifestations of the illness receive some benefit.\nInevitably, at some time in the process, the person will go off the dietary recommendations to see if in fact it is really helping, or whether they are just going through a period of remission. In every case symptoms begin to return within a short period of time and will resolve when the patient begins to follow the proper diet again.\nThe Swank Diet has also been found to be of benefit for other chronic degenerative illnesses as well.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://hillsdistrictorchids.com/history/", "date": "2023-03-21T01:05:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296943589.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20230321002050-20230321032050-00374.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9563155174255371, "token_count": 577, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__131964848", "lang": "en", "text": "Hills District Orchids is open to the public four times a year, on our seasonal Open Days. Visiting at other times (for country, interstate and overseas visitors) is by appointment only, arranged in advance.\nHills District Orchids was originally registered as a partnership in 1978 between Graeme and Lynette Banks. The nursery was first located at Winston Hills, but moved to the current address on half an acre at Northmead in 1980. Later their son David, who started growing plants at the age of five, became part of the business and subsequently took over its ownership and operation in 1996.\nNorthmead is located in the Hills District of north-western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia and is roughly 30km from the coast. Temperatures at Northmead have fluctuated from lows of -3ºC in winter to 47 ºC on rare occasions in summer – a variance of 50ºC! We experience numerous frosts during winter, however these do not last long as the weather generally warms up quickly and is aided by breezes due to the location on top of a ridge that Windsor Road runs along through this section of the route.\nA wide array of orchids and other interesting plants are grown, with emphasis on species and hybrids that grow “out of doors” in Western Sydney without the need for artificial heating or cooling. Our plants are tough!\nThe nursery specialises in species orchids – including the genera Bulbophyllum, Coelogyne, Dendrobium, Dendrochilum, Dockrillia, Epigeneium, Eria, Maxillaria, Paphiopedilum, Pholidota, Sarcochilus and Stanhopea and plus a very comprehensive collection of varieties and cultivars of “softcane” Dendrobium hybrids. Graeme Banks, who has been growing orchids for over 50 years, continues his fine complex Paphiopedilum breeding, with selected plants released (in bloom) at our Winter Open Day.\nOver the past two decades David has been involved with the absorbing hobby of growing and breeding horticulturally superior colour forms of Clivia miniata. Seedlings from his breeding are often available for sale. We also have an extensive collection of carnivorous plants (especially Nepenthes species and hybrids) as well as bromeliads (the genera Billbergia, Neoregelia and Tillandsia being favourites), and a comprehensive assortment of the South African succulent genus Haworthia. There is a further array of other rare, desirable and collectable plants.\nIn late 2023, look out for a major opus on Species Orchids of the World.\nVisit and “like” our Facebook page!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://cwd-forestry.com/special_products.htm", "date": "2017-10-19T16:12:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187823350.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20171019160040-20171019180040-00363.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9483312368392944, "token_count": 466, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__293142951", "lang": "en", "text": "Timber is not the only\nuseful product that grows in forests.\nThings like berries, mushrooms, and greenery are also forest\nproducts. These products are often referred to as “special forest\nproducts”. Some landowners\nhave a large enough quantity of these products to make some additional\nincome. However, even\nlandowners who don’t wish to get into selling special forest products\ncan benefit from growing them. They\ncan be harvested for personal use, or to give as gifts to friends and\nChances are, you already\nhave some of these products on your property.\nBerry-producing plants like salal, Oregon-grape, salmonberry,\nthimbleberry, evergreen huckleberry and red huckleberry are very common in\nwestern Washington and Oregon. Although\nyou probably won’t find these as tasty for fresh eating as the kinds of\nberries found in the store, some make very good jams.\nVarious species of edible mushrooms are also common in Pacific\nNorthwest forests. You can\neven make maple syrup from bigleaf maple (although it takes a lot more sap\nthan sugar maple).\nIf the things you want\nare already on the property, you may not need to do anything, or you might\nbe able to increase the quantity by thinning\ntrees to allow more light to the understory plants.\nIf you are interested in growing species that aren’t already\ngrowing there, most of the species you would be interested in are\navailable from native plant nurseries, and can be planted.\nIn the case of mushrooms, you can buy wood plugs containing\nmushroom spawn to inoculate freshly dead wood.\nMany landowners have a ready supply of small hardwood trees that\ncan be cut a few at a time for this purpose.\nIf you are interested in\nenhancing the amount of special forest products on your property, let us\nknow. We can take a look with you to evaluate the opportunities.\nYou might enjoy some of the special forest products videos posted by our friend Kevin Zobrist of WSU extension on his YouTube channel. He has videos on making autumn wreaths, salal berry jam, and shiitake mushroom logs.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://flowerytrail.com/oncotarget-revolutionary-approach-in-promoting-research/", "date": "2017-11-24T22:05:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934808972.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20171124214510-20171124234510-00165.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9471249580383301, "token_count": 515, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__18072737", "lang": "en", "text": "Oncotarget published a study by the University of Rochester Medical Center, which was funded by the National Institutes of Health. Contrary to public perception, the study points out e-cigs cause the same negative effects as the common cigarettes. The effects are in the form of damaged gums and teeth. To understand how e-cigs operate, you need to know their composition. These cigarettes contain a cartridge, battery, and heating device. The cartridge holds a nicotine-composed liquid and flavorings. During operation, the battery heats the liquid to produce vapor, which the user inhales.\nOncotarget is an open access peer-reviewed journal that focuses on how different cancers develop. It maximizes the impact of research through discerning peer-review. It is published by Impact Journals weekly and has been in publication since the year 2010. Its chief editors are Andrei V. Gudkov and Mikhail V. Blagosklonny and an editorial board. The journal’s popularity keeps rising due to its constructive, punctual and multiple peer-reviews which raise the impact of the research. Four board members of Oncotarget have received the Breakthrough Prize since 2013. Oncotarget focuses on the information on the basic formation of various cancers. At the same time, the platform tries to collect details on new ways of identifying the best targets for therapy and matching them with appropriate treatment protocols in cancer patients. Learn more about Oncotarget at Research Gate.\nIt is worth recognizing Irfan Rahman who led the above study, which was the first of its kind. Rahman is a Ph.D. holder. At the same time, he teaches Environmental Medicine as a professor at the UR School of Medicine and Dentistry. E-cigarettes are considered the healthier substitute for conventional cigarettes. The study found that vapors in the E-cigarettes when burned cause cells to release inflammatory proteins which increase stress in the cells that cause damage that could lead to various oral diseases. The study also found that the chemical flavorings in the cigarettes can be damaging to cells in the mouth. To establish such results, the study used 3-D non-smoker human gum tissue. Check Oncotarget journal at scimagojr.com\nThis study was preceded by a study on the damaging effects of e-cigarettes vapors and flavorings on lung cells and another study on pollution effects. Professor Rahman pointed out there was a need for more research. For a proper understanding of the health effects involved, the studies should be comparative in the long-term.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://theglowclinic.ie/sleep/muscle-relaxation-and-magnesium/", "date": "2024-03-03T23:23:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476399.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303210414-20240304000414-00540.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9428310394287109, "token_count": 621, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__54005334", "lang": "en", "text": "My muscles are currently burning, and it took me longer to get out of bed yesterday morning than I’d care to admit to – not surprising, considering over the past few days I tried crossfit for the first time, and ran a 4 mile mini marathon (plus the mile I had to run to the starting line due to a terrible combination of my embarrassingly bad sense of direction, with some poor timing). DOMS, or delayed onset muscle soreness is a familiar feeling (if not name, that’s what that gradually worsening pain 1-2days after exercise is called) for anyone who’s started a new fitness regime or pushed themselves in a new physical endeavour. And while yoga, stretching or foam-rolling can all help, there’s also a supplement that can encourage muscle relaxation – and bring some other benefits as well.\nTriathletes, and all these other impressive serial exercisers, frequently profess the virtues of epsom salt baths…which are essentially magnesium. This mineral is commonly deficient, but excellent for promoting muscle relaxation and sleep – both of which obviously enough support tired muscles. But it’s not only this delayed onset muscle soreness that it can help, it can also:\n- reduce teeth grinding or clenching (bruxism) and sometimes the associated neck pain, due to it’s action on the main muscles involved\n- aid sleep – this study shows improvements in sleep time, sleep efficiency and an increase in melatonin levels in the body after 8 weeks of magnesium supplementation\n- reduce stress – lower serum cortisol (the stress hormone) levels have also been noted, which can be further helped with some lifestyle changes\nGetting enough magnesium can be a bit tricky, as not only do you have to have a diet quite high in magnesium to begin with (something fruit and veg grown in increasingly mineral-depleted soil may be lacking), but additionally, you need sufficient levels of vitamins B6 and D, and selenium for your body to absorb it. Oh, and excess fat, caffeine and stress hinder this process.\nYeah so not quite as easy to get sufficient magnesium by mistake, especially if you’re stressed and living on caffeine. But, taking a supplement in a form that is easily digested and absorbed by your body, at a separate time to your cup of jo, can make it a bit more straightforward. I find 150-300mg magnesium citrate (from a reputable brand like Solgar, Viridians or most types stocked in health food stores) taken in the evening, separate to food, works well for me and most of my patients. Most magnesium tablets are giant bullets, so the powdered form can be easier to take, or you can add it to a smoothie.\n*** However, please note that magnesium can increase the effects of other muscle relaxant drugs (like Botox or Valium), so if you are on any medications, please check with your doctor before adding this supplement to your daily routine. ***\nHave you ever tried magnesium supplementation?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ooofarms.com/product_detail/dongar-oni-peas-vatana", "date": "2022-06-28T18:21:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103573995.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220628173131-20220628203131-00742.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7891977429389954, "token_count": 597, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__177615112", "lang": "en", "text": "Ooo Farms Produce\nDONGAR ONI PEAS / VATANA\nHIGH LEVELS OF ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS\nNUTRIENT DENSE SOURCE OF PROTEIN\nडोंगर ओनि वताना\nडोंगर ओणी वाटाणा\nડોંગર ઓનિ વટાણા\nடோங்கர் ஓனி பட்டாணி\nదొంగ ఓని బఠానీలు\nഡോങ്കർ ഓണി പീസ്\nಡೊಂಗರ್ ಓಣಿ ಅವರೆಕಾಳು\nਡੋਂਗਰ ਓਨੀ ਮਟਰ\nডংগার ওনি মটর\n- One of the oldest domesticated crops, cultivated for about 7000 years.\n- Cultivated and native peas are believed to have originated within the Mediterranean region that includes southern Europe and Northern Africa\n- Oni Peas are known so in the tribal areas of India; but outside of India it is known as field pea, dun pea, Kapucijner pea or Autrian winter pea.\n- They are an inexpensive source of high quality protein for humans and livestock dietary needs.\n- Field peas have high levels of essential amino acids, especially lysine and tryptophane.\n- Field pea flour is valued as a good vegetable protein source.\n- They are also an important ingredient in Japanes cuisine, used in An Paste - a high-protein sweet filling used in or on cookies, crackers and pastries.\n- This variety is slightly more starchy than regular peas.\nPlease login to provide your feedback.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://floragreatlakes.info/html/rfspecies/dendrophthoe.html", "date": "2018-10-19T00:04:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583512161.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20181018235424-20181019020924-00297.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.794619619846344, "token_count": 349, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__24087452", "lang": "en", "text": "Dendrophthoe vitellina —Orange Mistletoe—LORANTHACEAE\nHabitat— Occurs in Subtropical, Littoral and Dry Rainforest; also Sclerophyll forest on a wide range of hosts but frequently on species of Myrtaceae.\nDistribution—Victoria, widespread in coastal districts and inland to Manilla in the Nandewar Range in New South Wales and Queensland..\nDescription— Plant spreading to pendent, glabrous except young shoots and inflorescence brown-tomentose; external runners usually present, especially on myrtaceous hosts, rarely absent.\nBlack Head, Booti Hill, Brown's Creek Bicentennial Gardens, Cape Hawke, Cellito, Coocumbac Island, Crowdy Bay National Park, Forster/Tuncurry Streets, Karloo Street Reserve, Little Street, Queen Elizabeth Park Taree, Wallingat National Park and Zamia Place Reserve.\nLeaves.—Displaced—opposite or alternate, narrow—lanceolate to elliptic, 4 to 16 cm long, 6 to 30 mm wide, apex rounded, base attenuate, isobilateral, leathery, venation distinct or obscure except for prominent midrib; petiole 3 to 20 mm long.\nInflorescence—Axis 5 to 50 mm long, with 5 to 20 flowers; pedicels 1.5 to 4 mm long; bracts 1.5 mm long. Corolla 25 to 50 mm long, yellow to red.\nFlowering.—Spring to Summer\nFruit—Ovoid, 10 to 15 mm long, yellow to red.\nRipe.—Autumn to Winter", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.taylortechnologies.com/ChemistryTopicsCM.ASP?ContentID=76", "date": "2017-04-26T19:24:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121644.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00291-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.885632336139679, "token_count": 831, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__32260231", "lang": "en", "text": "STRIKE FIRST AGAINST ALGAE\nHigh temperatures, a sunny day,\nand plenty of company—factors that make for a great pool party—also can\nenergize a group of nasty intruders: algae.\nWithout any apparent warning,\nalgae spores can turn sparkling pool water into a green murky mess. Pool\nsurfaces can develop a slippery coating, potentially dangerous as well as\nunsightly. Powdery yellow-brown deposits of mustard algae may appear on the\nwalls or bottom of the vessel. Or, tar-like patches of black algae may appear on\nstairs, in corners, or in other nooks where water circulation is problematic.\nWhy? Could have been the wind\nand rain from the night before that dumped these opportunistic invaders into\nthe pool, or a pressure wash of the deck. Days of hot sun and a heavy bather\nload might have warmed the water and depleted the sanitizer, making conditions\nright for an algae bloom. Phosphates in the run-off from nearby landscaping may\nhave fueled their growth.\nWhatever the reason, action is\nneeded. The plan of attack often involves the same chemicals that can prevent\nvisible signs of algae. Used proactively, those chemicals are termed\nalgaestats. The difference between an algaestat and an algaecide can be as\nsimple as the strength of the treatment chemical.\nIt’s much easier to be\nproactive against algae, compared to fighting an outbreak. Keeping a\nsufficiently high level of sanitizer like chlorine is one way to take\npreventive action. However, should the chlorine level drop because a heavy\nbather load creates a competing demand for disinfectant, bacteria can develop.\nThey will also compete for available sanitizer, allowing algae to gain the\nOptimal levels of pH, total\nalkalinity, and calcium hardness (the essentials of balanced water) help\nprevent algae, too. Scale or corrosion, signs of water that’s not balanced,\ncreates rough surfaces that are conducive for algae attachment.\nTaylor offers an array of test\nkits for checking these water-quality parameters, plus the treatment chemicals\nassociated with a well-maintained pool or spa, such as chlorine, cyanuric acid\n(chlorine stabilizer), bromine, biguanide, salt, and monopersulfate shock.\nAdditionally, Taylor makes kits\nfor testing quat and polyquat algaecides; orthophosphate; and low-level\ncopper—your “algae arsenal.”\nQuaternary ammonium compounds, or “quats,”\ndestroy algae by disrupting their cellular membranes. Quats work particularly\nwell against green algae. They are the least expensive, best-selling pool\nproduct. Because quats tend to foam, they’re unsuitable for spas.\nK-1582 tests for higher levels\nof quats and polyquats.\nhave a much longer molecular structure than quats, can affect all algae types\nand are nonfoaming. They suffocate algae by adhering electrostatically to their\nouter membrane, just as metal filings cling to a magnet.\nCheck quat and polyquat levels\nwith K-1582 when higher\nalgaecide concentrations are used, K‑9065 for\nproducts also disrupt algae cell metabolism, making them an effective\nalgaecide. Chelated copper solutions prevent the copper from staining surfaces,\nwhich can happen with copper salts. Use K‑1738 to help\nmaintain the appropriate copper concentration.\nCopper/silver ionization systems produce trace levels of the two metals to kill algae.\nReportedly, copper works well against mustard algae and silver is potent\nagainst black algae. Only the copper ion needs monitoring; when copper readings\nare good, the silver level will be fine, too. Use K-1730.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://allforscience.org/units/heredity-and-life-cycles/daily-activities/day-20-presentation-day/", "date": "2022-10-06T23:49:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337889.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20221006222634-20221007012634-00489.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9296448826789856, "token_count": 2342, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__244628758", "lang": "en", "text": "Day 20 – Presentation Day\nReading Strategy:Presentation Day\nScience Concept:Life Cycle of a Butterfly\nReading TEKS:2.13 E & G\nScience TEKS:2.2(A, D, E, F), 2.10(C)\nFigure 19:Reading/ Comprehension Skills F\nELPS:Speaking K-12, 19 TAC 74.4(c)(4)D\nMaterials for Reading Mini Lesson:See “Materials for Inquiry Circle Groups.”\nMaterials for Inquiry Circle Groups:\nInquiry Circle Group Menu of Choices page; materials to support group projects will vary based on choice.\nMaterials for Science Whole Group Lesson:\nSee section for details.\nButterfly — Group of insects that have four broad wings, narrow body and fly mainly in the daytime.\nCaterpillar — Larva of a butterfly.\nCycle — A series of events regularly repeated in the same order.\nLarva/larvae — Wingless, often worm-like form of a newly hatched insect (larva is singular, larvae is plural).\nLife cycle — Series of change undergone by an organism over its lifespan.\nMetamorphosis — In an insect or amphibian, the transformation from an immature form to an adult form in two or more distinct stages.\nScience and Literacy Connection:Your students have embodied the role of scientists through speaking, reading, thinking, and writing like a scientist. Now it is time to share and celebrate all they have discovered!\nSee “Inquiry Circle” section.\nStudents have worked in inquiry circle groups to research various organisms. During this time, students have practiced becoming a scientist by speaking, reading, and writing like one. Inquiry circle groups will work together to create a product to share at the scientific symposium.\nTIME: 30–45 minutes\n- Say something like, “Now that everyone has written a synthesis statement about their organism, we will create a product to share what we know in a scientific symposium.”\n- Say something like, “Groups will work together to pick one product to create. Remember, your product must show what you know about your organism’s physical traits as adults and offspring.”\n- Pass out the choice sheet (see PDF), and review the options. For technology-based products, be sure the app is available in your school district and that you are familiar with it.\n- Facilitate groups (if needed) to come to a consensus about which product to create.\n- Including today, there are three days scheduled to work on the culminating product.\n- Groups will present their products on the last day of the unit.\nStudents apply new knowledge about the life cycle of a painted lady butterfly to create a final diagram.\nTIME: 30 minutes\nWhat does the life cycle for the painted lady butterfly look like?\nThe painted lady butterfly life cycle is especially interesting. It goes through a process called complete metamorphosis. Painted lady butterflies begin as eggs, transform into larvae, dissolve into mush inside chrysalises, and emerge as adult butterflies that reproduce through mating and the laying of new eggs. The Painted lady butterflies for the classroom arrived from the supplier as already hatched larva. After three to four weeks of physical changes, the adult butterflies emerged from chrysalises. If males and females are present, the cycle begins anew with mating and egg laying.\nIn this activity, students will create a life cycle diagram for the Painted Lady using the notes and observations they have collected in their notebooks. They should begin this activity after the emergence of the adult butterflies.\n- Copy of Life Cycle 3-page set (see PDF)\n- Colored markers, pencils, or crayons\n- Glue stick\n- Hand lens\n- Petri dishes (optional)\nGive students time to observe their organisms (whether they are in the larva, pupa, or adult stage), take measurements of the larvae (if applicable), and record their observations in their science notebooks. Facilitate group discussions by asking questions like, “What did you notice?” “What has changed since the last time you observed your organisms?”\n- Write the word “metamorphosis” on the board. Ask for ideas about what this word means. Write all responses on the board. If prompts are needed, circle “morph.” Ask if anyone has read about or seen an action figure “morph.” What happens? (it changes shape or becomes something else)\n- After a discussion about their ideas, ask “How we can use “metamorphosis” to describe the changes you have seen in your organisms?”\n- Tell the class that today they will summarize and communicate their findings about the different stages in the life of the butterflies (metamorphosis). Allow time for sharing what they have learned.\n- After discussion, ask the groups to work together to organize a chart or diagram that shows how the butterfly has changed over time. Encourage them to draw and label their work. Circulate among the groups to listen to their discussions and offer prompts as needed. It is important at this stage of the lesson for them to construct their own ideas!\n- When all groups have completed their work, ask them to share their diagrams/charts with the class. Accept all representations.\n- Bring the group back to the idea of the butterfly’s life cycle. Explain that a cycle is a series of events that happen over and over again. (Ex: night/day). How does the butterfly complete a life cycle? (it goes through the changes you have described in your diagrams) Then what happens?\n- Explain that scientists often use a circle to organize the information in a “cycle”. Draw a large circle on the board. Begin at the top of the circle and add a smaller circle on the top (like the blank painted lady life cycle diagram). Ask the students “what happens first in the butterfly’s life cycle?”. Write the word “eggs.”\n- Tell them that although they did not see it, the life cycle began with the eggs laid by a butterfly. Show them a picture of actual painted lady butterfly egg (look up “painted lady butterfly egg” on the internet to see pictures) and talk about their actual size (pinhead size).\n- Proceed in a clockwise direction and add another circle, ask “what happens here?” (write the word larva). Proceed around the circle asking for their words to complete the cycle.\n- When the cycle is finished, tell the class that they will now create their own life cycle diagrams for their notebooks. Give each student a copy of the “painted lady Life Cycle blank” student page.\n- Have them draw scientific illustrations of the four life stages inside the four smaller circles and label the stages.\n- When their illustrations are complete, hand out the “Life Cycle Descriptions” page. Read over the text in each box with the class. Ask students to think about where in their diagrams these words might fit. When they have decided where they should go, cut and glue the boxes next to the life cycle stage that it describes.\n- End the lesson by showing the class the “Completed Painted Lady Life Cycle” image. Celebrate all they have learned as they compare diagrams! Make sure that they add their diagrams to their science notebooks. (By the time this unit ends, all the butterflies should have emerged.)\n- Allow students to observe the recently emerged adult butterflies. What are they doing? How do they look when flying? How do they look when not moving (wings will be folded up)?\n- How many wings do they have? Are the tops of the wings the same color as the bottom of the wings? What do the heads look like? How do the butterflies feed? It will likely require more than one observation session to answer all of these questions.\n- Have students illustrate the adult butterflies in their notebooks. Illustrating will be challenging because of the movements of the butterflies. Ask students for ideas on how to improve their observations. (Since adult butterflies have a short life span, butterfly scientists often base their illustrations on adults that have died).\n- When the adult painted lady butterflies die, protect them by placing them in petri dishes or other containers that are clear. Some of the butterflies will have their wings folded while others may be spread out. If you have the time, mounting instructions are available on line at: https://bughunter.tamu.edu/collecting-and-preserving-butterflies/\n- Listen for the accurate use of new vocabulary and concept understanding as students describe the different parts of the life cycle of the butterfly.\nReading TEKS:2.13 E & G. Inquiry and research: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts. The student engages in both short-term and sustained recursive inquiry processes for a variety of purposes. The student is expected to: (E) demonstrate understanding of information gathered; (G) use an appropriate mode of delivery, whether written, oral, or multimodal, to present results.\nFigure 19:Reading/Comprehension Skills F. Students use a flexible range of metacognitive reading skills in both assigned and independent reading to understand an author’s message. Students will continue to apply earlier standards with greater depth in increasingly more complex texts as they become self-directed, critical readers. The student is expected to (F) make connections to own experiences, to ideas in other texts, and to the larger community and discuss textual evidence.\nELPS:Student Expectations for Speaking K-12, 19 TAC 74.4(c)(4). The student is expected to: (D) speak using grade-level content area vocabulary in context to internalize new English words and build academic language proficiency; (E) share information in cooperative learning interactions.\n2.2 Scientific investigation and reasoning. The student develops abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry in classroom and outdoor investigations. The student is expected to: (A) ask questions about organisms, objects, and events during observations and investigations; (D) record and organize data using pictures, numbers, and words; (E) communicate observations and justify explanations using student-generated data from simple descriptive investigations; and (F) compare results of investigations with what students and scientists know about the world.\n2.10 Organisms and environments. The student knows that organisms resemble their parents and have structures and processes that help them survive within their environments. The student is expected to: (C) investigate and record some of the unique stages that insects such as grasshoppers and butterflies undergo during their life cycle.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://strawberry.expert/", "date": "2024-04-14T04:20:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816864.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414033458-20240414063458-00166.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9611522555351257, "token_count": 198, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__8252640", "lang": "en", "text": "Our juicy strawberries are harvested from very early morning and put to the cold store to stay fresh and tasty. Great, tried varieties is our key to success.\nIn our farm, we highly value natural pollination with bumblebees to the fruits, improving their quality and quantity. Green solutions are more and more appreciated by customers.\nZero herbicides policy!\nWe use only natural biological control against most diseases and pests. Ask your current suppliers about it, very likely they are not able to cope with such rules.\nOur farm is granted by a GLOBALGAP Certificate which guarantees safe food production, including by minimizing the use of fertilizers and plant protection products.\nTo assure high standards our farm is under continuous surveillance of Main Inspectorate of Plant Health and Seed Inspection.\nOur entire production is grown exclusively in the greenhouses, so we have 100% control over the quality. We are truly proud of our strawberries.\nDo you have questions? Contact us now!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://infinitesmilesga.com/dental-services/periodontal-disease/", "date": "2023-09-21T09:11:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233505362.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20230921073711-20230921103711-00286.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9264296889305115, "token_count": 4898, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__56627498", "lang": "en", "text": "The term “periodontal”means “around the tooth.” Periodontal disease (also known as periodontitis and gum disease) is a common inflammatory condition which affects the supporting and surrounding soft tissues of the tooth; also the jawbone itself when in its most advanced stages.\nPeriodontal disease is most often preceded by gingivitis which is a bacterial infection of the gum tissue. A bacterial infection affects the gums when the toxins contained in plaque begin to irritate and inflame the gum tissues. Once this bacterial infection colonizes in the gum pockets between the teeth, it becomes much more difficult to remove and treat. Periodontal disease is a progressive condition that eventually leads to the destruction of the connective tissue and jawbone. If left untreated, it can lead to shifting teeth, loose teeth and eventually tooth loss.\nPeriodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss among adults in the developed world and should always be promptly treated.\nTypes of Periodontal Disease\nWhen left untreated, gingivitis (mild gum inflammation) can spread to below the gum line. When the gums become irritated by the toxins contained in plaque, a chronic inflammatory response causes the body to break down and destroy its own bone and soft tissue. There may be little or no symptoms as periodontal disease causes the teeth to separate from the infected gum tissue. Deepening pockets between the gums and teeth are generally indicative that soft tissue and bone is being destroyed by periodontal disease.\nHere are some of the most common types of periodontal disease:\nChronic periodontitis – Inflammation within supporting tissues cause deep pockets and gum recession. It may appear the teeth are lengthening, but in actuality, the gums (gingiva) are receding. This is the most common form of periodontal disease and is characterized by progressive loss of attachment, interspersed with periods of rapid progression.\nAggressive periodontitis – This form of gum disease occurs in an otherwise clinically healthy individual. It is characterized by rapid loss of gum attachment, chronic bone destruction and familial aggregation.\nNecrotizing periodontitis – This form of periodontal disease most often occurs in individuals suffering from systemic conditions such as HIV, immunosuppression and malnutrition. Necrosis (tissue death) occurs in the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and gingival tissues.\nPeriodontitis caused by systemic disease – This form of gum disease often begins at an early age. Medical condition such as respiratory disease, diabetes and heart disease are common cofactors.\nTreatment for Periodontal Disease\nThere are many surgical and nonsurgical treatments the periodontist may choose to perform, depending upon the exact condition of the teeth, gums and jawbone. A complete periodontal exam of the mouth will be done before any treatment is performed or recommended.\nHere are some of the more common treatments for periodontal disease:\nScaling and root planing – In order to preserve the health of the gum tissue, the bacteria and calculus (tartar) which initially caused the infection, must be removed. The gum pockets will be cleaned and treated with antibiotics as necessary to help alleviate the infection. A prescription mouthwash may be incorporated into daily cleaning routines.\nTissue regeneration – When the bone and gum tissues have been destroyed, regrowth can be actively encouraged using grafting procedures. A membrane may be inserted into the affected areas to assist in the regeneration process.\nPocket elimination surgery – Pocket elimination surgery (also known as flap surgery) is a surgical treatment which can be performed to reduce the pocket size between the teeth and gums. Surgery on the jawbone is another option which serves to eliminate indentations in the bone which foster the colonization of bacteria.\nDental implants – When teeth have been lost due to periodontal disease, the aesthetics and functionality of the mouth can be restored by implanting prosthetic teeth into the jawbone. Tissue regeneration procedures may be required prior to the placement of a dental implant in order to strengthen the bone.\nAsk your dentist if you have questions or concerns about periodontal disease, periodontal treatment, or dental implants.\nPeriodontal disease is diagnosed by your dentist or dental hygienist during a periodontal examination. This type of exam should always be part of your regular dental check-up.\nA periodontal probe (small dental instrument) is gently used to measure the sulcus (pocket or space) between the tooth and the gums. The depth of a healthy sulcus measures three millimeters or less and does not bleed. The periodontal probe helps indicate if pockets are deeper than three millimeters. As periodontal disease progresses, the pockets usually get deeper.\nYour dentist or hygienist will use pocket depths, amount of bleeding, inflammation, tooth mobility, etc., to make a diagnosis that will fall into a category below:\nGingivitis is the first stage of periodontal disease. Plaque and its toxin by-products irritate the gums, making them tender, inflamed, and likely to bleed.\nPlaque hardens into calculus (tartar). As calculus and plaque continue to build up, the gums begin to recede from the teeth. Deeper pockets form between the gums and teeth and become filled with bacteria and pus. The gums become very irritated, inflamed, and bleed easily. Slight to moderate bone loss may be present.\nThe teeth lose more support as the gums, bone, and periodontal ligament continue to be destroyed. Unless treated, the affected teeth will become very loose and may be lost. Generalized moderate to severe bone loss may be present.\nPeriodontal treatment methods depend upon the type and severity of the disease. Your dentist and dental hygienist will evaluate for periodontal disease and recommend the appropriate treatment.\nPeriodontal disease progresses as the sulcus (pocket or space) between the tooth and gums gets filled with bacteria, plaque, and tartar, causing irritation to the surrounding tissues. When these irritants remain in the pocket space, they can cause damage to the gums and eventually, the bone that supports the teeth!\nIf the disease is caught in the early stages of gingivitis, and no damage has been done, one to two regular cleanings will be recommended. You will also be given instructions on improving your daily oral hygiene habits and having regular dental cleanings.\nIf the disease has progressed to more advanced stages, a special periodontal cleaning called scaling and root planing (deep cleaning) will be recommended. It is usually done one quadrant of the mouth at a time while the area is numb. In this procedure, tartar, plaque, and toxins are removed from above and below the gum line (scaling) and rough spots on root surfaces are made smooth (planing). This procedure helps gum tissue to heal and pockets to shrink. Medications, special medicated mouth rinses, and an electric tooth brush may be recommended to help control infection and healing.\nIf the pockets do not heal after scaling and root planing, periodontal surgery may be needed to reduce pocket depths, making teeth easier to clean. Your dentist may also recommend that you see a Periodontist (specialist of the gums and supporting bone).\nThe objective of scaling & root planning is to remove etiologic agents which cause inflammation to the gingival (gum) tissue and surrounding bone. Common etiologic agents removed by this conventional periodontal therapy include dental plaque and tartar (calculus).\nThese non-surgical procedures which completely cleanse the periodontium, work very effectively for individuals suffering from gingivitis (mild gum inflammation) and moderate/severe periodontal disease.\nReasons for scaling and root planing\nScaling and root planning can be used both as a preventative measure and as a stand-alone treatment. These procedures are performed as a preventative measure for a periodontitis sufferer.\nHere are some reasons why these dental procedures may be necessary:\nDisease prevention – The oral bacteria which cause periodontal infections can travel via the bloodstream to other parts of the body. Research has shown that lung infections and heart disease have been linked to periodontal bacteria. Scaling and root planing remove bacteria and halts periodontal disease from progressing, thus preventing the bacteria from traveling to other parts of the body.\nTooth protection – When gum pockets exceed 3mm in depth, there is a greater risk of periodontal disease. As pockets deepen, they tend to house more colonies of dangerous bacteria. Eventually, a chronic inflammatory response by the body begins to destroy gingival and bone tissue which may lead to tooth loss. Periodontal disease is the number one cause of tooth loss in the developed world.\nAesthetic effects – Scaling and root planing help remove tartar and plaque from the teeth and below the gumline. As an added bonus, if superficial stains are present on the teeth, they will be removed in the process of the scaling and root planning procedure.\nBetter breath – One of the most common signs of periodontal disease is halitosis (bad breath). Food particles and bacteria can cause a persistent bad odor in the oral cavity which is alleviated with cleaning procedures such as scaling and root planing.\nWhat do scaling and root planing treatments involve?\nScaling and root planing treatments are only performed after a thorough examination of the mouth. The dentist will take X-rays, conduct visual examinations and make a diagnosis before recommending or beginning these procedures.\nDepending on the current condition of the gums, the amount of calculus (tartar) present, the depth of the pockets and the progression of the periodontitis, local anesthetic may be used.\nScaling – This procedure is usually performed with special dental instruments and may include an ultrasonic scaling tool. The scaling tool removes calculus and plaque from the surface of the crown and root surfaces. In many cases, the scaling tool includes an irrigation process that can also be used to deliver an antimicrobial agent below the gums that can help reduce oral bacteria.\nRoot Planing – This procedure is a specific treatment which serves to remove cementum and surface dentin that is embedded with unwanted microorganisms, toxins and tartar. The root of the tooth is literally smoothed in order to promote good healing. Having clean, smooth root surfaces helps bacteria from easily colonizing in future.\nFollowing these deep cleaning procedures, the gum pockets may be treated with antibiotics. This will soothe irritation and help the gum tissues to heal quickly.\nDuring the next appointment, the dentist or hygienist will thoroughly examine the gums again to see how well the pockets have healed. If the gum pockets still measure more than 3mm in depth, additional and more intensive treatments may be recommended.\nIf you have any concerns or questions about scaling and root planing, or periodontal disease, please ask your dentist.\nt only takes twenty four hours for plaque that is not removed from your teeth to turn into calculus (tartar)! Daily home cleaning helps control plaque and tartar formation, but those hard to reach areas will always need special attention.\nOnce your periodontal treatment has been completed, your dentist and dental hygienist will recommend that you have regular maintenance cleanings (periodontal cleanings), usually four times a year. At these cleaning appointments, the pocket depths will be carefully checked to ensure that they are healthy. Plaque and calculus that is difficult for you to remove on a daily basis will be removed from above and below the gum line.\nIn addition to your periodontal cleaning and evaluation, your appointment will usually include:\nExamination of diagnostic x-rays (radiographs): Essential for detection of decay, tumors, cysts, and bone loss.X-rays also help determine tooth and root positions.\nOral cancer screening: Check the face, neck, lips, tongue, throat, cheek tissues, and gums for any signs of oral cancer.\nOral hygiene recommendations: Review and recommend oral hygiene aids as needed. (Electric toothbrushes, special periodontal brushes, fluorides, rinses, etc.)\nGood oral hygiene practices and periodontal cleanings are essential in maintaining dental health and keeping periodontal disease under control!\nResearch studies have shown that there is a strong association between periodontal disease and other chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, pregnancy complications and respiratory disease.\nPeriodontal disease is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gum tissue, periodontal infection below the gum line and a presence of disease-causing bacteria in the oral region. Halting the progression of periodontal disease and maintaining excellent standards of oral hygiene will not only reduce the risk of gum disease and bone loss, but also reduce the chances of developing other serious illnesses.\nCommon cofactors associated with periodontal disease:\nA research study has shown that individuals with pre-existing diabetic conditions are more likely to either have, or be more susceptible to periodontal disease. Periodontal disease can increase blood sugar levels which makes controlling the amount of glucose in the blood difficult. This factor alone can increase the risk of serious diabetic complications. Conversely, diabetes thickens blood vessels and therefore makes it harder for the mouth to rid itself of excess sugar. Excess sugar in the mouth creates a breeding ground for the types of oral bacteria that cause gum disease.\nThere are several theories which explain the link between heart disease and periodontitis. One such theory is that the oral bacteria strains which exacerbate periodontal disease attach themselves to the coronary arteries when they enter the bloodstream. This in turn contributes to both blood clot formation and the narrowing of the coronary arteries, possibly leading to a heart attack.\nA second possibility is that the inflammation caused by periodontal disease causes a significant plaque build up. This can swell the arteries and worsen pre-existing heart conditions. An article published by the American Academy of Periodontology suggests that patients whose bodies react to periodontal bacteria have an increased risk of developing heart disease.\nWomen in general are at increased risk of developing periodontal disease because of hormone fluctuations that occur during puberty, pregnancy and menopause. Research suggests that pregnant women suffering from periodontal disease are more at risk of preeclampsia and delivering underweight, premature babies.\nPeriodontitis increases levels of prostaglandin, which is one of the labor-inducing chemicals. Elevated levels prostaglandin may trigger premature labor, and increase the chances of delivering an underweight baby. Periodontal disease also elevates C-reactive proteins (which have previously been linked to heart disease). Heightened levels of these proteins can amplify the inflammatory response of the body and increase the chances of preeclampsia and low birth weight babies.\nOral bacterium linked with gum disease has been shown to possibly cause or worsen conditions such as emphysema, pneumonia and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Oral bacteria can be drawn into the lower respiratory tract during the course of normal inhalation and colonize; causing bacterial infections. Studies have shown that the repeated infections which characterize COPD may be linked with periodontitis.\nIn addition to the bacterial risk, inflammation in gum tissue can lead to severe inflammation in the lining of the lungs, which aggravates pneumonia. Individuals who suffer from chronic or persistent respiratory issues generally have low immunity. This means that bacteria can readily colonize beneath the gum line unchallenged by body’s immune system.\nIf you have questions or concerns about periodontal disease and the mouth-body connection, please ask your dentist. We care about your overall health and your smile!\nPeriodontal disease, heart disease and stroke may seem to be unlikely bedfellows, but researchers have found that gum disease sufferers are nearly twice as likely to also suffer from coronary heart disease. In addition, research studies have discovered that oral infection is indeed a risk factor for stroke. People diagnosed with acute cerebrovascular ischemia were more likely to also be experiencing some degree of periodontal disease.\nPeriodontal disease is a progressive condition in which the gingival tissue surrounding the teeth is infected by the colonization of bacteria. Bacteria found in plaque colonize first above, then below the g gumline causing the tissue to pull away from the teeth. If periodontal disease is left untreated, deep pockets form between the gums and the teeth and the tissue of the underlying jawbone is also destroyed. The destruction of bone tissue causes the teeth to shift, wobble or completely detach from the bone.\nCoronary heart disease occurs when the walls of the coronary arteries become progressively thicker due to the buildup of fatty proteins. The heart then suffers from a lack of oxygen and must labor significantly harder to pump blood to the rest of the body. Coronary heart disease sufferers sometimes experience blood clots which obstruct normal blood flow and reduce the amount of vital nutrients and oxygen the heart needs to function properly. This phenomenon often leads to heart attacks.\nReasons for the Connection\nThere is little doubt that the presence of periodontal disease can exacerbate existing heart conditions. The periodontist and cardiologist generally work as a team in order to treat individuals experiencing both conditions.\nThere are several theories which may explain the link between heart disease, stroke and periodontal disease, which include the following:\nOral bacteria affect the heart – There are many different strains of periodontal bacteria. Researchers assert that some of these strains of bacteria enter the bloodstream and attach to the fatty plaques in the heart blood vessels (coronary arteries). This attachment then contributes to clot formation causing grave danger to the individual.\nInflammation – Periodontal disease causes severe inflammation in the gum tissue which elevates the white blood cell count and also the high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Research studies have shown that elevated levels of C-reactive proteins have been linked to heart disease.\nInfectious susceptibility – Individuals who experience particularly high levels of oral bacteria may have weaker immune systems and an inadequate host inflammatory response. These factors may induce specific vascular effects which have previously been shown to contribute in the onset of certain forms of heart disease.\nDiagnosis and Treatment\nSince periodontal disease appears to be a risk factor for both heart attack and stroke, it is extremely important to seek immediate treatment. Initially, the periodontist will conduct thorough examinations to assess the exact condition of the teeth, gums and jawbone. X-rays can be helpful in determining whether bone loss is prevalent in the upper and lower jaw.\nThe dentist is able to conduct deep cleaning treatments such as scaling and root planing to remove hardened calculus (tartar) deposits from the gum pockets. An antibiotic may be prescribed to ensure that the bacterium is completely destroyed and the periodontal infection does not spread. In most cases, periodontal disease can be prevented with regular cleanings and proper home care.\nIf you have questions or concerns about periodontal disease and its relation to heart disease and stroke, please ask your dentist.\nIt is well documented that people who suffer from diabetes are more susceptible to developing infections than non-diabetes sufferers. It is not widely known that t periodontal disease is often considered the sixth complication of diabetes; particularly when the diabetes is not under proper control.\nPeriodontal disease (often called periodontitis and gum disease) is a progressive condition that often leads to tooth loss if treatment is not promptly sought. Periodontal disease begins with a bacterial infection in the gingival tissue which surrounds the teeth. As the bacteria colonize, the gum pockets become deeper, the gums recede as tissue is destroyed and the periodontitis eventually attacks the underlying bone tissue.\nDiabetes is characterized by too much glucose (or sugar) in the blood. Type II diabetics are unable to regulate insulin levels which means excess glucose stays in the blood. Type I diabetics do not produce any insulin at all. Diabetes is a serious condition which can lead to heart disease and stroke.\nReasons for the Connection\nExperts suggest the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease can worsen both conditions if either condition is not properly controlled.\nHere are ways in which diabetes and periodontal disease are linked:\nIncreased blood sugar – Moderate and severe periodontal disease elevates sugar levels in the body, increasing the amount of time the body has to function with high blood sugar. This is why diabetics with periodontitis have difficulty keeping control of their blood sugar. In addition, the higher sugar levels found in the mouth of diabetics provide food for the very bacteria that worsen periodontal infections.\nBlood vessel thickening – The thickening of the blood vessels is one of the other major concerns for diabetes sufferers. The blood vessels normally serve a vital function for tissues by delivering nutrients and removing waste products. With diabetes, the blood vessels become too thick for these exchanges to occur. This means that harmful waste is left in the mouth and can weaken the resistance of gum tissue, which can lead to infection and gum disease.\nSmoking – Tobacco use does a great deal of damage in the oral region. Not only does tobacco use slow the healing process, it also vastly increases the chances of an individual developing periodontal disease. For diabetics who smoke, the risk is exponentially greater. In fact, diabetic smokers aged 45 and over are twenty times more likely to develop periodontal disease.\nPoor oral hygiene – It is essential for diabetics to maintain excellent levels of oral health. When daily brushing and flossing does not occur, the harmful oral bacteria can ingest the excess sugar between the teeth and colonize more freely below the gum line. This exacerbates the metabolic problems that diabetes sufferers experience.\nDiagnosis and Treatment\nIt is of paramount importance for people suffering from any type of diabetes to see the dentist at least twice yearly for checkups and professional cleanings. Studies have shown that simple non-surgical periodontal treatments can lower the HbA1c (hemoglobin molecule blood test) count by as much as 20% in a six month period.\nThe dentist will use medical history, family history and dental X-rays to assess the risk factors for periodontal disease and determine the exact condition of the gums, teeth and underlying jawbone. If necessary the dentist will work in conjunction with other doctors to ensure that both the diabetes and the gum disease are being managed and controlled as effectively as possible.\nNon-surgical procedures performed by the dentist and dental hygienist include deep scaling, where calculus (tartar) will be removed from the teeth above and below the gumline, and root planing, where the root of the tooth is smoothed down to eliminate any remaining bacteria. Antibiotics may be applied to the gum pockets to promote healing.\nBefore and after periodontal treatment, the dentist and hygienist will recommend proper home care and oral maintenance as well as prescribing prescription mouthwashes which serve to deter further bacteria colonization.\nIf you have questions or concerns about diabetes or periodontal disease, please ask your dentist.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://indianscience.in/positive-impact-of-a-plant-based-diet-on-heart-health/", "date": "2024-03-01T11:12:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475238.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301093751-20240301123751-00181.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9091668128967285, "token_count": 684, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__138149557", "lang": "en", "text": "In the quest for optimal health and well-being, the importance of dietary choices cannot be overstated. One dietary approach that has gained widespread recognition for its positive impact on heart health is the plant-based diet. As individuals increasingly seek ways to nurture their cardiovascular well-being, embracing a plant-based lifestyle has emerged as a powerful tool. Let’s explore how adopting a plant-based diet can contribute to a healthier heart.\n- Lowering Cholesterol Levels:\nOne of the key factors influencing heart health is cholesterol, specifically low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as “bad” cholesterol. A plant-based diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes has been shown to significantly reduce LDL cholesterol levels. Plant-based foods are naturally low in saturated fats, the primary dietary contributor to elevated cholesterol. Additionally, certain plant compounds, such as sterols and stanols, actively work to inhibit cholesterol absorption, further supporting cardiovascular health.\n- Reducing Blood Pressure:\nHypertension, or high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for heart disease. Plant-based diets are inherently lower in sodium and higher in potassium, magnesium, and fiber, all of which contribute to blood pressure regulation. The abundance of potassium in fruits and vegetables helps balance sodium levels in the body, promoting healthy blood pressure. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory properties of plant-based foods contribute to overall vascular health, reducing the risk of hypertension-related complications.\n- Enhancing Weight Management:\nMaintaining a healthy weight is crucial for heart health, and a plant-based diet can be a valuable ally in achieving and sustaining weight loss. Plant-based foods are typically lower in calories and higher in fiber, promoting satiety and reducing the likelihood of overeating. Studies have shown that individuals adhering to a plant-based diet often have lower body mass indexes (BMIs) and a reduced risk of obesity, which is closely linked to cardiovascular issues.\n- Antioxidant Protection:\nThe colorful array of fruits and vegetables found in a plant-based diet is a rich source of antioxidants. Antioxidants combat oxidative stress in the body, reducing inflammation and protecting the delicate endothelial lining of blood vessels. By neutralizing free radicals, antioxidants contribute to a lower risk of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.\n- Improving Blood Sugar Control:\nA plant-based diet can be particularly beneficial for individuals with diabetes or those at risk of developing the condition. By emphasizing complex carbohydrates, fiber, and low-glycemic foods, plant-based eating supports stable blood sugar levels. This is crucial in preventing insulin resistance and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes, a condition closely associated with heart disease.\nIn conclusion, the positive impact of a plant-based diet on heart health cannot be overstated. By focusing on whole, nutrient-dense foods, individuals can proactively manage cholesterol levels, blood pressure, weight, and blood sugar, all of which contribute to a healthier cardiovascular system. Embracing a plant-based lifestyle is not just a dietary choice; it’s a holistic approach to well-being that nourishes the heart and fosters overall health. As the evidence continues to mount, it’s clear that the path to a healthier heart may very well be paved with plants.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://futuremedicineonline.com/detail_news.php?id=438", "date": "2022-12-01T16:53:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710829.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20221201153700-20221201183700-00198.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9212334156036377, "token_count": 757, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__141375596", "lang": "en", "text": "World Hepatitis Day, observed on July 28 every year, aims to raise global awareness of a group of infectious diseases known as Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E and encourage prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Hepatitis affects millions of people worldwide, killing close to 1.4 million every year. It is time we were aware of this silent killer\nBy FM Bureau\nWorld Hepatitis Day is one of eight official global public health campaigns marked by the World Health Organization (WHO), along with World Health Day, World Blood Donor Day, World Immunisation Week, World Tuberculosis Day, World No Tobacco Day, World Malaria Day and World AIDS Day.\nApproximately 500 million people worldwide are living with either hepatitis B or hepatitis C. If left untreated and unmanaged, hepatitis B or C can lead to advanced liver scarring (cirrhosis) and other complications, including liver cancer or liver failure. While many people worry more about contracting AIDS than hepatitis, the reality is that every year 1.5 million people worldwide die from either hepatitis B or C faster than they would from HIV/AIDS.\nHepatitis groups, patients and advocates worldwide take part in events on 28 July to mark the occasion. Notably in 2012, a Guinness World Record was created when 12,588 people from 20 countries did the Three Wise Monkeys actions on World Hepatitis Day to signify the willful ignorance of the disease.\nRaising awareness of the different forms of hepatitis and how they are transmitted; Strengthening prevention, screening and control of viral hepatitis and its related diseases; Increasing hepatitis B vaccine coverage and integration into national immunisation programmes; and Coordinating a global response to hepatitis.\nEach year focuses on a specific theme. The list of themes is as follows:\n2013: More must be done to stop this silent killer.\n2012: It’s closer than you think.\n2011: Hepatitis affects everyone, everywhere. Know it. Confront it.\nThe hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted between people through contact with the blood or other body fluids (i.e. saliva, semen and vaginal fluid) of an infected person. Most common routes of transmission for hepatitis B or C viruses are the following:\nIn the case of hepatitis B, infection can also occur through having unprotected sex with an infected person. If you think you could have been at risk from either hepatitis B or C, it is important to get tested.\nHepatitis B Treatment\nAcute hepatitis B: it is not usually necessary to treat a new hepatitis B infection in the first six months. Nine out of ten new infections clear up on their own, with or without treatment. In this early stage of disease, treatment makes very little difference to the chances of a cure. Antiviral drugs may only be necessary and helpful in rare cases, if the acute infection causes very aggressive liver inflammation.You can treat chronic hepatitis B with peg-interferon or with pills, which are called nucleoside or nucleotide analogues.This treatment may have side effects, such as fatigue, flu-like symptoms, depression, skin and hair problems and changes in blood chemistry, amongst others. Treatment continues for 24 to 48 weeks and while not all hepatitis B patients respond well to interferon, certain types of hepatitis B infection do. For example, patients with genotype A, HBeAg positive, with elevated liver enzymes but NO cirrhosis can often successfully reduce their viral infection to a milder state. Your doctor needs to monitor your interferon treatment closely. Interferon treatment should not be used if you already have cirrhosis of the liver\nShare this Post:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://livingjoyfullywithwhatis.blogspot.com/2009/04/reds-have-arrived.html", "date": "2020-05-28T00:49:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347396300.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20200527235451-20200528025451-00319.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9543430805206299, "token_count": 415, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__148430559", "lang": "en", "text": "Spring is here and the reds have arrived!\nThe red trillium plants are growing in the woodlands.\nThe maple sap is running (and dripping) and the red maple trees are showing a red glow at the tips of their branches.\nThe cardinals are happily singing in the trees.\nIn the sunny spots, the crocus are blooming in whites, yellows, purples and stripes; the anenome are fully opened; the daffodils, hyacinths, and tulips are beginning to blossom; the forsythia and mucronolatum azalea have just opened; the wood poppy and bleeding heart are showing many buds; the magnolia and peach trees are covered with buds.\nIn the shady places, the plants and flowers are beginning to appear. I can see the tips of many Jack-in-the-Pulpit plants starting to peep out of the ground. Today I counted 116 red trillium buds and 23 white trillium buds, with more plants that have yet to uncurl their leaves; also 14 dog-tooth violets; 4 flowering shoots of 'Dutchman's Breeches' which haven't bloomed for 2 years; 7 bloodroot flowers; 25 columbine plants, and a similar number of cardinal flower plants.\nNow about that bloodroot. I wrote last year (on my 3rd blog entry in May 2008) about the sudden disappearance of the bloodroot from my garden. And in the area where it disappeared, where there were over 50 plants just 2 years ago, there are still NO SIGNS of the plant at all. And yet, across the yard near my trillium there have always been a few bloodroot plants (including last year), and this year there are 7 beautiful white, daisy-like flowers.\nThe sky has been blue all week, the grasses are greening, and the reds have arrived. It is a symphony of color, all to celebrate the arrival of spring.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://webdev.sjsu.edu/static/policies/animal.html", "date": "2017-09-23T11:10:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818689624.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170923104407-20170923124407-00045.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8477445244789124, "token_count": 174, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__65804066", "lang": "en", "text": "Graduate Degree - Thesis and Dissertation - Animal Research Guidelines\nIf the thesis or dissertation includes use of animals, the use must be approved by the SJSU Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). Information concerning animal care and use is available from the IACUC Coordinator and online at http://www.sjsu.edu/research/iacuc/index.html. Animal research approval from SJSU must be obtained prior to data collection even if the work is done in conjunction with another institution from which approval has been granted. Federal law prohibits retroactive approval of animal research. The permission letter, obtained with IACUC approval, must be submitted along with the thesis or dissertation whether as an appendix or as a separate document. Failure to submit the necessary documentation can result in a delay or denial of the thesis or dissertation by Graduate Studies.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.motorhomeiceland.com/post/iceland-mosquitoes", "date": "2023-11-30T14:58:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100227.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130130218-20231130160218-00284.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.968964159488678, "token_count": 1427, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__199998679", "lang": "en", "text": "Mosquitoes in Iceland: Are There Any?\nIceland is undoubtedly one of the most amazing countries in the world. The fantastic nature, culture, and history make the small island so unique. Somebody who has already had the chance to visit our country might say that Iceland has everything. This is mostly true. There is no other country which offers such a variety of attractions. You will find here powerful waterfalls, one of the largest glaciers in Europe, active volcanoes. This is also one of the few countries where you will enjoy the Northern Lights show. As I have mentioned, however, Iceland has mostly everything. There is something that you will not find here. Many of you are inquiring about it while planning your trip. This is why we have decided to answer the question: does Iceland have mosquitos?\nWhy do mosquitoes exist?\nThere are about 3.5 thousand species of mosquitoes in the world. The larvae develop in the aquatic environment. Adults fly in the evenings in large swarms or wet meadows near lakes and ponds. This is where most of them are cumulated although nowadays they appear even in the cities.\nUsually, a mosquito bite does not have any harmful effect on our health. It ends up with slight swelling and itching of the skin. In tropical countries, mosquitoes can be a deadly threat, though. Through your blood, they spread many diseases like malaria, yellow fever, or Zika virus. Why do we need the mosquitoes then?\nThe mosquitoes are indeed necessary and make an essential part of our ecosystem. Their disappearance might cause a real catastrophe, and there are two main reasons why that could happen. The most important is that the mosquitoes are food for other species like swifts, swallows, bats, frogs, and toads. Their larvae are food for fishes. Those species would also start to disappear if there were no mosquitoes.\nThe other reason is that the male mosquitoes feed on the flower’s nectar. Thanks to that, they pollinate them, similar to bees or bumblebees. Imagine that we got rid of the mosquitoes; some plants would not bear fruits because their flowers would not be pollinated.\nAn ecosystem disruption could have catastrophic consequences. So even though mosquitoes are very inconvenient, we should simply try to discourage them from coming closer to us. For that, you will find many repellents. Otherwise, you can always move to a mosquito-free country, like Iceland.\nDoes Iceland have mosquitoes?\nIceland is said to be the only country that is mosquito-free and it has no ticks either. There are two theories about why Iceland has no mosquitoes. The most probable one is that the weather conditions are not favorable for mosquitoes. Even though the mosquitoes can handle low temperatures as those of the Arctic winter, they are not able to adjust themselves to Icelandic weather. There are three main freezes throughout the year, making it impossible for mosquitoes to breed in any lake in Iceland. Before they mature to be able to reproduce, the cold comes again, freezing the waters they need to emerge from.\nTo breed, mosquitoes need certain conditions. They can reproduce in a hot and humid environment, but at the same time, they can manage in a cold climate. Icelandic climate, however, is too unstable for them, and these insects cannot survive.\nAnother theory is that the water and soil in Iceland contain some chemical composition that is not favorable for mosquitoes. Global warming, however, is continually causing climate changes. This might also have an impact on mosquitoes’ appearance in Iceland. The average air temperature is growing, and new species of insects have appeared in Iceland. Those have not thrived there before. In that scenario, the mosquitoes might soon be able to breed in Iceland too.\nThe Icelandic Institute of Natural History allows seeing a mosquito in Iceland. It is captured in a jar, and until the climate changes drastically, it is nowhere else to be seen in Iceland.\nMosquitoes and flies in Lake Myvatn\nIt is not entirely true that Iceland has no bugs and no insects at all. One species is quite symbolic for Iceland. The whole lake was named after them, and those are midges. The midge might sometimes be mistaken with mosquitoes or flies. Midges are small flying insects, very tiny, and very Icelandic. One of the most famous attractions in Iceland was named after midges - The Lake Myvatn. It means the lake of midges. The lake is located in an active volcanic area in the North of Iceland.\nIn Iceland there are two most common types: Chironomidae, known as lake midges, and Simuliidae, called black fly. The first type, lake midges, does not bite either sting, so do not worry about it. The only harm they do is that they are incredibly annoying. They resemble mosquitoes, and this is why many tourists are convinced they saw mosquitoes in Myvatn.\nThe second type, which is black flies, are more dangerous to you. They bite and drink the blood of humans and animals. They cause dozens of small bites, which is hard to deal with.\nYou can only expect them in summer in specific locations, usually near the lakes where they breed.\nHow to protect yourself against mosquitoes?\nYou will find many different products offering protection against mosquitoes. Not all of them are so effective as they are advertised. There are also some natural ways of protecting yourself against mosquito bites. The essential oils, especially lemongrass, clove, and eucalyptus, are an effective weapon. They can be used in scented candles or to rinse the curtains. This way the insects will be deterred from entering the apartment.\nHowever, if you are traveling, you will need something more practical, which can be taken with you anywhere you go. The best way to fight mosquitoes is to use products that contain DEET. It is an insecticide that protects best against mosquito bites and also other insects like ticks. You will find hundreds of products, including DEET but with a different concentration of it and forms of applications. The higher the percentage of DEET is, the more potent, and at the same time, the more effective the product is.\nYou might not be able to find mosquito repellents in Iceland, neither in the pharmacies or the supermarkets. Those are not an issue in Iceland, so you do not need protection against it. What you can prepare yourself for are the midges. Especially if you plan a trip to Lake Myvatn or a horse riding tour, you might need some right, useful product to spray. Those products are in high demand, especially in summer, and sometimes get sold out very quickly. The most commonly used is the Moustidose Deet with 30% DEET. In case you have already experienced the bites and your skin itches, try to apply the topical corticosteroid Mildison. The allergy medicine will also help and will reduce the irritation.\nMotorhome Iceland, 2021.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kellychiroga.com/PeripheralNeuropathy", "date": "2023-12-01T20:31:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100304.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201183432-20231201213432-00470.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9326868057250977, "token_count": 808, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__202927459", "lang": "en", "text": "Visit our Location\n10164 Ford Ave Suite B\nRichmond Hill, GA 31324\nGive us a Call\nDr. Tim Kelly, DC, BCN is Board Certified in Neuropathy and is a highly sought after expert in the field of neuropathy.\nWhat is Peripheral Neuropathy?\nPeripheral neuropathy refers to the conditions that result when nerves that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord from and to the rest of the body are damaged or diseased. The peripheral nerves make up an intricate network that connects the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, skin, and internal organs. This is a progressive disorder that only gets worse over time.\nNeuropathy causes tingling or numbness, especially in the hands and feet. It affects more than 20 million Americans and is caused by damage to single or multiple nerves. There are different types of peripheral neuropathy, but the most common is in those with diabetes.\nPeripheral neuropathy may develop at any phase of the diabetes journey, even sometimes as a pre-diabetic or while taking medications. Knowing what some of the causes are and being able to describe your symptoms to your health care team can help you manage neuropathy. Symptoms are often ignored by both patients and health care professionals. If you have symptoms of neuropathy, it is important to discuss this with our health care team as soon as possible.\nSymptoms of Neuropathy\nPeripheral neuropathy can affect the nerves that tell you the position of your hands or feet, let your sense hot or cold, or that senses pain. You can experience a tingling, burning, or numbness in certain areas of the body, commonly the hands or feet. These sensations can range from mild to painful and are almost always greatest at night.\nCommon signs and symptoms include:\nIt’s not easy to deal with neuropathy since there are no medications that can cure or stop the progression of this disorder. If you notice symptoms, talk to our health care team immediately.\nFactors that Increase the Risk of Neuropathy\nNeuropathy is most commonly due to diabetes, but various drugs can also cause it such as statins to lower cholesterol. Neuropathy may occur from cancer or the treatment received.\nLife factors that may increase the chances of developing neuropathy:\nMedications that may increase the risk of neuropathy:\nTreatments for Neuropathy\nThe peripheral nerves have a great ability to heal. Even though it may take months, recovery can occur. However, in some situations, symptoms of neuropathy may lessen, but not completely go away.\nTreatments for peripheral neuropathy depend on the cause. For instance:\nRecovery may be helped by:\nHow Neuropathy Affects Your Life\nPain from neuropathy can greatly affect your daily activities and quality of life. Symptoms of neuropathy can range from mild to severe. Each patient’s experience will be different. However, with appropriate treatment, the effects of neuropathy can be limited or eliminated.\nIf you have neuropathy, you may have:\nPatients with temperature sensitivity should avoid extreme temperatures and use protective clothing as needed. If there is numbness or an inability to feel pain, it is important to pay careful attention to the skin on the hands and feet because there could be an undetected wound or a break in the skin.\nNo matter whether your condition was caused by a sport, work accident or otherwise, we welcome the chance to serve you.\nAt Kelly Chiropractic, our goal is to provide the highest quality of multidisciplinary health care. We pride ourselves on delivering timely, professional, effective, and efficient services to our patients.\nMon - 9am-12pm 3pm-6pm\nTue - Appointment Only\nWed - 9am-12pm 3pm-6pm\nThur - Appointment Only\nFri - 9am-12pm 3pm-6pm", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.matrixrcl.co.uk/symptoms-treatment-athletes-foot/", "date": "2018-10-18T19:04:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583511897.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20181018173140-20181018194640-00030.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9626621603965759, "token_count": 673, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__184840651", "lang": "en", "text": "Symptoms and Treatment of Athlete’s Foot\nAthlete’s foot is a very common fungal infection of the foot. It usually first appears between the toes and is most commonly found in people whose feet sweat heavily. The infection can affect one or both feet, and can extend to the arms. This condition is caused by a fungus as wet socks, shoes and humidity create favorable conditions for the fungus to grow and cause an infection. Athlete’s foot is closely associated with other fungal infections such as eczema and has a tendency to repeat and return on a regular basis. Therefore, if you notice a rash on the feet that doesn’t withdraw within a few weeks, it is suggested to seek medical assistance.\nSymptoms of Athlete’s Foot\nAthlete’s foot usually causes a flaking red rash that starts between the toes. Itching is often worst right after you take off your shoes and socks. Some types of this condition are accompanied by blisters and ulcers. Furthermore, the skin becomes chronically dry which can extend along the entire foot. This is a very common condition that is not dangerous. It occurs as a result of wearing closed footwear in combination with excessive sweating of the feet. As it is contagious, you can become infected after using public swimming pools or saunas. It manifests itself in the form or redness accompanied by itching and cracking of the skin between toes. Often, the infection can be spread to the nails. In this case, the nail thickens, odor appears and the surface of the nail can become covered with white spots.\nHow to Treat Athlete’s Foot?\nIt is best to start treatment as soon as you notice the first symptoms. There is a number of natural remedies available along with over-the-counter medicines.\nSage is very effective in reducing sweating and acts as a cure for athlete’s foot. It can be used in a foot bath or ingested as tea or spice. A steam bath with sage is known to reduce perspiration.\nYou can use tea tree oil in your bath and even massage a few drops of the oil directly onto the affected area. Tea tree oil has anti-fungal properties that will boost the destruction of the fungus and prevent it from spreading.\nBy spreading a bit of baking soda or corn starch into your socks before putting shoes on, you create moisture control as baking soda is likely to soak up moisture and absorb the foot smell.\nGarlic is a powerful tool for the treatment of fungi and bacteria. It is a natural antiseptic that strengthens your immune system and therefore, helps to fight the infection. The best way to use garlic is to put it in a sock that you wear overnight over the affected area.\nTo treat athlete’s foot, it is recommended to use antifungal products in the form of creams and liquids. Sometimes the treatment includes the use of capsules. Before applying the antifungal product, wash your feet with a nonabrasive cleaning agent and blot them dry with a towel. Wear cotton socks and change them frequently, at least twice a day. You can also use talc or an antiperspirant spray. Also, do not share your shoes and personal hygiene supplies.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.bestbraforbackfat.net/how-to-get-rid-of-gophers-and-moles/", "date": "2024-04-12T14:17:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00783.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.921701967716217, "token_count": 2370, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__31083890", "lang": "en", "text": "When faced with the presence of gophers and moles in your yard, it's essential to tackle the issue promptly and effectively. These underground pests can wreak havoc on your lawn and garden, causing frustration for many homeowners.\nFortunately, there are various methods and strategies that can help in controlling and eliminating them. From identifying the signs of their presence to implementing natural repellents or employing trapping techniques, the path to a gopher and mole-free environment requires persistence and a well-thought-out plan.\nStay tuned to discover the most efficient ways to combat these troublesome critters and reclaim your outdoor space.\n- Use natural repellents like castor oil or plant deterrents for eco-friendly control.\n- Employ trapping techniques in active tunnels to effectively reduce gopher and mole populations.\n- Implement poison-free methods such as sonic devices and wire mesh barriers for prevention.\n- Consider professional pest removal services for thorough extermination of gophers and moles.\nIdentifying the Pest Signs\nIdentifying the signs of gophers and moles requires a keen eye for subtle disturbances in your yard or garden.\nGophers are known for creating crescent-shaped mounds of soil, typically with a plugged hole, as they push dirt to the surface while digging their tunnels. These mounds are usually larger and more horseshoe-shaped compared to molehills.\nMoles, on the other hand, create volcano-shaped mounds with a visible entrance, as they dig closer to the surface in search of insects to feed on. Additionally, moles create surface tunnels that you may notice as raised ridges in your lawn.\nIn gardens, both gophers and moles can cause damage to plants by disrupting roots and potentially exposing them to disease. Look for wilting or dying plants, as well as upturned soil around the base of plants, which may indicate gopher activity. Moles, due to their tunneling behavior, can disturb the root systems of plants, causing them to wilt or die as well.\nUnderstanding Their Behavior\nUnderstanding the behavior of gophers and moles is essential for effectively managing their presence in your yard or garden.\nGophers are solitary creatures that create extensive tunnel systems for foraging and nesting. They are active year-round and can cause significant damage to plants by consuming roots and pulling them underground. Gophers are known to be territorial, and once one is eliminated, another may move in to take its place.\nOn the other hand, moles are also solitary animals that create tunnels primarily in search of earthworms and insects, their main food sources. Moles are more active during the night and prefer moist areas with soft soil. Their tunnels can disrupt plant roots and create unsightly ridges in lawns.\nUnderstanding these creatures' habits, preferences, and behaviors can help in implementing effective control strategies tailored to each pest species. By being mindful of their behavior patterns, you can better protect your outdoor space from gophers and moles.\nNatural Repellents and Deterrents\nWhen dealing with gophers and moles in your yard or garden, utilizing natural repellents and deterrents can be an effective strategy to discourage these pests from causing damage. There are several natural options available to repel gophers and moles without resorting to harmful chemicals. Planting certain plants like daffodils, marigolds, or castor beans can act as deterrents due to their strong smells, which these pests find unpleasant.\nAnother effective natural repellent is using a castor oil-based mixture. This mixture can be sprayed in affected areas to create an unpleasant environment for gophers and moles, driving them away. Additionally, installing vibrating or solar-powered sonic stakes can help disrupt their underground communication and drive them out of the area.\nFurthermore, some gardeners have found success with natural predators like owls, snakes, or domesticated pets like cats that can help keep gopher and mole populations in check. By incorporating these natural repellents and deterrents into your pest control strategy, you can effectively manage gopher and mole infestations in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.\nImplementing trapping techniques is a practical and effective method for controlling gopher and mole populations in your yard or garden. Traps designed specifically for gophers and moles are commercially available and can be purchased online or at garden centers. When setting traps, it is essential to locate active tunnels by observing fresh mounds of dirt, which indicate recent activity. Place the trap in the main tunnel or runway, ensuring it is set properly to increase the chances of success.\nThere are various types of traps available, including snap traps, live traps, and harpoon traps. Snap traps are designed to kill the gophers or moles upon activation, while live traps allow for the capture of the pests unharmed, enabling you to release them elsewhere. Harpoon traps are another effective option, as they impale the pests when triggered.\nRegularly checking and resetting traps is crucial for maintaining control over gopher and mole populations. Trapping can be a humane and environmentally friendly method of pest control when done correctly.\nPoison-Free Extermination Methods\nExploring non-toxic extermination methods is essential for effectively managing gopher and mole populations in a safe and environmentally conscious manner.\nOne method is using castor oil-based repellents. These solutions can be sprayed on the surface of the soil to create an unpleasant environment for gophers and moles, encouraging them to relocate.\nAnother approach is to plant deterrent plants like daffodils, marigolds, or castor bean plants around the garden. These plants emit odors or toxins that these burrowing pests find unappealing, acting as a natural barrier.\nIncorporating vibrating or sonic devices into the garden can also disturb gophers and moles, prompting them to leave the area. These devices emit vibrations or sounds that irritate the animals, driving them away.\nPhysical barriers such as wire mesh or hardware cloth buried at least a foot deep can prevent gophers and moles from tunneling into specific areas.\nImplementing these poison-free methods can help control gopher and mole populations effectively without harming the environment or other wildlife.\nProfessional Pest Control Services\nProfessional pest control services offer expert extermination methods that are designed to efficiently eliminate gophers and moles from your property.\nWith certified pest removal technicians at the helm, you can trust that the job will be done thoroughly and effectively.\nThese professionals bring a wealth of experience and knowledge to tackle even the most stubborn infestations.\nExpert Extermination Methods\nUtilizing the expertise and specialized tools of professional pest control services is essential for effectively eradicating gophers and moles from your property.\nPest control experts employ a range of expert extermination methods tailored to the specific needs of your infestation. These professionals often utilize traps, baits, and in some cases, chemical treatments to eliminate gophers and moles from your premises.\nAdditionally, professionals can conduct thorough inspections to identify the extent of the infestation and implement a comprehensive eradication plan. By entrusting the eradication process to experienced pest control services, you can ensure a more efficient and successful removal of these unwanted pests from your property, providing you with long-lasting relief from gopher and mole infestations.\nCertified Pest Removal\nEngaging certified pest removal services is a strategic decision for addressing gopher and mole infestations with precision and expertise. Professional pest control services bring a wealth of experience and specialized knowledge to effectively deal with these burrowing pests.\nCertified technicians utilize a range of advanced methods such as trapping, baiting, and fumigation tailored to the specific needs of each infestation. By conducting thorough inspections and employing targeted strategies, certified pest removal services can efficiently eliminate gophers and moles from your property while minimizing environmental impact.\nMoreover, these experts can offer valuable advice on preventing future infestations, ensuring long-term protection for your lawn and garden. When facing persistent gopher and mole problems, entrusting the job to certified pest removal professionals can provide lasting relief and peace of mind.\nPreventing Future Infestations\nTo prevent future infestations of gophers and moles, implementing effective exclusion methods is essential. Start by inspecting your property for any potential entry points, such as gaps under fences or around utility pipes. Seal these openings with hardware cloth or underground fencing to prevent gophers and moles from burrowing into your yard. Additionally, consider installing barriers like underground wire mesh baskets around garden beds to deter these pests from damaging your plants.\nMaintaining a clean and tidy yard can also help prevent gophers and moles from taking up residence. Remove excess vegetation, piles of debris, and dense ground covers where these pests can hide and nest. Properly dispose of yard waste to eliminate potential food sources for gophers and moles.\nRegularly inspect your lawn for signs of gopher and mole activity, such as mounds of soil or surface tunnels. By addressing any new infestations promptly, you can prevent these pests from establishing larger populations on your property. Implementing a combination of exclusion methods and vigilant monitoring can help keep gophers and moles at bay and maintain a pest-free yard.\nFrequently Asked Questions\nCan Gophers and Moles Cause Damage to Underground Utility Lines?\nGophers and moles can indeed cause damage to underground utility lines. Their burrowing activities can lead to disruptions in gas, water, and electrical lines, posing safety hazards and requiring professional intervention to mitigate risks.\nDo Gophers and Moles Carry Any Diseases That Can Be Transmitted to Humans or Pets?\nGophers and moles do not typically carry diseases that can be transmitted to humans or pets. However, their burrowing activities can potentially damage underground utility lines, structures, and vegetation, leading to potential hazards and economic losses.\nAre There Any Plants or Flowers That Can Naturally Repel Gophers and Moles From the Garden?\nCertain plants and flowers are believed to naturally repel gophers and moles due to their strong scents or toxic properties. Examples include castor bean plants, daffodils, marigolds, and alliums. However, effectiveness may vary, and additional methods might be necessary for full control.\nCan Gophers and Moles Attract Other Pests or Wildlife to the Yard?\nGophers and moles can indirectly attract predators like foxes and owls due to their presence in yards. These predators are drawn to feast on these burrowing mammals. Proper pest control measures can help mitigate any potential wildlife interactions in a yard.\nHow Long Does It Typically Take to Completely Get Rid of a Gopher or Mole Infestation Using Trapping Techniques or Natural Repellents?\nEliminating a gopher or mole infestation through trapping techniques or natural repellents usually takes patience and persistence. Factors such as the size of the infestation, effectiveness of chosen methods, and environmental conditions can impact the duration of eradication efforts.\nIn conclusion, effectively getting rid of gophers and moles requires a combination of:\n- Identifying the pest signs\n- Understanding their behavior\n- Using natural repellents and deterrents\n- Employing trapping techniques\n- Utilizing poison-free extermination methods\n- Considering professional pest control services.\nBy implementing these methods and taking preventative measures, you can successfully eliminate these pests from your property and prevent future infestations.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://pestcontrollasvegasnv.com/tag/pesticide-resistance/", "date": "2017-04-23T15:49:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917118713.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031158-00187-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9657819271087646, "token_count": 567, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__174952827", "lang": "en", "text": "What happens if you have a bed-bug infestation? Bed bugs in a home can bring about a number of health conditions, including allergies, skin rashes and even psychological effects. If bitten, you may experience symptoms on your skin such as itching and redness. Bed bugs feed on blood, usually that of animals, but they will move on to humans if it is the only blood available. Bed lice are attracted by carbon dioxide, warmth and certain chemicals and tend to live longer in colder temperatures.\nHow Do They Spread?\nYour house can become infected with bed bugs for various reasons. They can be carried on other people’s clothes, luggage or infested pets. If a nearby house or flat is infested, the bed bugs can move through walls or false ceilings. Some animals, such as bats and birds, can also bring them into buildings. The source of infestations also includes eggs which may have been laid in the seams of clothing.\nHow Can I Detect Them?\nBed bugs are usually nocturnal so it can be difficult to spot them. They tend to nest in dark areas and often lay thousands of eggs in the seams of fabrics. Signs that you may have a bed-bug infestation include bites on the body, droppings similar in appearance to sand, spots of blood on bed sheets and patches of skin which they have shed (this is actually an exoskeleton which is moulted). Bed bugs have a characteristic smell of rotten raspberries. The most accurate way to find the exact location of an infestation is with a bed-bug-detection dog, which speeds up the process considerably\nWhy Are Infestations So Frequent?\nBetween the 1930s and 1980s, the rate of outbreaks fell dramatically. However, since the 1980s infestations have seen a sharp increase. It has been suggested that this is because of resistance to pesticides and an increase in international travel, which helps the insects spread. There are several different species of bed bug around the world, but it is the common bed bug which is most adapted to human environments.\nHow Can They Be Eradicated?\nIt is a good idea to call in a professional who is used to tackling bed-bug outbreaks. When it comes to pest control services Dublin residents have a range of companies to choose from. They tend to approach the issue with several different approaches at a time, using both pesticide and non-pesticide methods. The most effective seems to be a combination of heating and drying the affected area.\nAmy Jones is a writer and blogger who is interested in various aspects and problems of living in the modern world. She wrote this article on behalf of Total Pest Control Services Dublin.\nJanuary 9, 2013 at 5:02 pm Comments (0)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.davidmoore.org.uk/Book_files/Fung_Morph.htm", "date": "2022-06-25T14:31:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103035636.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220625125944-20220625155944-00029.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9055748581886292, "token_count": 2805, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__225630140", "lang": "en", "text": "by David Moore\nPublished in by Cambridge University Press, New York Office (xiv + 469 pages); 1998 in hardback ISBN 0 521 55295 8) and in paperback in 2002 ISBN0 521 52857 7\nSTILL THE ONLY TEXT AVAILABLE THAT DEALS WITH THE DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FUNGI\nFungal Morphogenesis brings together for the first time the full scope of fungal developmental biology. The book provides a coherent account which will be the basis for research in the future. The treatment also releases fungal morphogenesis from the confines of mycology, showing how and why this eukaryotic Kingdom deserves to be in the mainstream of developmental research. The author's view is quite simply that if you are ignorant of fungal morphogenesis then your understanding of developmental biology is incomplete.\nThe book is aimed at all biologists. Throughout, the author blends together physiological, biochemical, structural and molecular descriptions within an evolutionary framework, combining the older literature with the most recent. A comprehensive description of fungi is not attempted, though sufficient information is provided about fungal biology to give the general reader a rounded view of the mycological context within which fungal morphogenesis is played out, without obscuring the broader biological significance.\nJargon is avoided, technical terms demystified and a reader with knowledge of basic biology should not need to bring any other knowledge with him/her, nor need to refer elsewhere, in order to appreciate fungal morphogenesis.\nThe first chapter is an overview of the evolutionary origins of fungi and the central role they played (and still play) in the evolution of life on Earth. The second chapter introduces hyphal growth, the essence of the fungal life style, and identifies features which are crucial aspects of morphogenesis. Chapter 3 summarises fungal primary and secondary metabolism, necessary here because adaptation of primary metabolism and exploitation of secondary metabolism are both critical to fungal morphogenesis. In chapter 4 the impact of physiology on morphogenesis is discussed, with the genetic components of differentiation and morphogenetic change being dealt with in chapter 5. The development of form and structure is the main theme of a lengthy chapter 6, and the ideas developed here are brought together and summarised in the final chapter 7.\n1. Fungi: a place in time and space; 1.1. Fungal lifestyle; 1.2. The essential nature of fungi; 1. 3. Evolutionary origins; 1.4. Evidence from fossils; 1.5. Origin of development; 1.6. Evolution within Kingdom Fungi; 1.7. Horizontal transfer of genetic information; 1.8. Comparing and combining\n2. Hyphal growth; 2.1. Fungal cells; 2.2. Hyphal tip extension; 2.3. Septation; 2.4. Branching; 2.5. Growth kinetics; 2.6. Dynamic boundaries\n3. Metabolism and biochemistry of hyphal systems; 3.1. Nutrients in nature; 3.2. Extracellular polymer-degrading enzymes; 3.3. Production, location, regulation and use of degradative enzymes; 3.4. The menu of basic nutrients; 3.5. The wall and membrane as barriers; 3.6. The flow of solutes; 3.7. Transport strategy; 3.8. Water relations; 3.9. Intermediary metabolism; 3.10. Carbon metabolism; 3.11. Fat catabolism; 3.12. Nitrogen metabolism; 3.13. Secondary metabolism\n4. Physiological factors favoring morphogenesis; 4.1. Nutrition; 4.2. Adaptations of metabolism; 4.3. Environmental variables\n5. The genetic component of hyphal differentiation; 5.1. Nuclear divisions; 5.2. Sexuality in fungi; 5.3. Shape and form in yeasts and hyphae; 5.4. Sexual reproductive structures; 5.5. Overview\n6. Development of form; 6.1. Initiation of structures; 6.2. Cell differentiation; 6.3. Tissue domains; 6.4. Strategies of basidiomycete fruiting; 6.5. Commitment, regeneration and senescence; 6.6. Degeneration, senescence and death\n7. The keys to form and structure; 7.1. The nature of morphogenetic control; 7.2. Fungal morphogenesis\nISBN: 0521552958; Binding: Hardback; Size: 236 x 159 mm; Pages: 486; Figures: 96 line diagrams, 22 half-tones, 23 tables and ISBN: 05215528577; in softcover with the same dimensions and content.\nFungal Morphogenesis was well received on publication (indeed, it appeared in the Top-ten Best Sellers list in the Professional Titles, Biology category produced by Yankee Book Peddlers for the 4th quarter of 1998). You can read some quotations from published reviews immediately below.\nYOU CAN ORDER the book from Amazon and from Cambridge University Press in hardback, paperback or e-book formats.\nQuotations from REVIEWS\n\"Fungal Morphogenesis is Volume 35 in the prestigious Cambridge University Press series on Developmental and Cell Biology, joining books on topics as diverse as kidney organogenesis and the development of fern gametophytes. Moore's intention is stated in the Preface: \"I believe the fungi are too important to remain in an intellectual ghetto in some faintly plant-like place which most people visit rarely, and then with unease.\" He wants the scientific world to appreciate the unique attributes of fungi and at several points emphasizes that fungi are not plants... Fungal morphogenesis is addressed as a direct manifestation of biological diversity (i.e. fungal development as a topic in its own right) and within the context of broader biological significance (i.e., fungal development as a model for understanding molecular control of morphogenetic events). …. Living embedded in their food, and often responding to nutritional deprivation by sporulation, fungi are elastic in their morphological development. Moreover, their component cells, even differentiated ones, readily revert to vegetative growth. Moore makes the point that this does not mean that fungal development is less sophisticated than that found in animals and plants, but rather that the fungal life cycle is \"supremely adaptable to challenging conditions.\" ... Experimental observations, in which specific cases are studied under particular conditions, must be weighed and synthesized in order to make generalizations. Moore admits \"It is necessary to take the risk of being wrong in order to get some view of the overall picture,\" and does an admirable job of making provocative but not reckless hypotheses that can be tested in the laboratory. One particularly appealing aspect of the books is the author's familiarity with, and ready usage of, the zoological literature. Fungal morphogenesis is placed within the wider literature on animal pattern formation. Much can be learned from the embryology literature. Moore's erudition also informs his coverage of secondary metabolism. It is often stated that bacteria, fungi and plants are the main producers of these natural products. Moore points out that the supposed deficit of metabolite production by animals may be a matter of semantics. Animals produce toxins, hormones and other low molecular weight metabolites that can be viewed as secondary metabolites labeled with a different name.\n... my opinion is highly positive. Moore is well read. He writes well and thinks broadly. He has the rare ability to describe both the forest and the trees. Since morphogenesis is the study of the whole process by which the organization and pattern of an organism is established, a book on fungal morphogenesis must integrate biochemical, structural, genetic and molecular mycological research. Moore's synthesis is a tour de force. It is rare to find a single author work that covers such a wide breadth of topics with such a pleasing combination of knowledge and eloquence. Tucked between the title page and the table of contents, Moore prints a John Lennon lyric: \"Living is easy with eyes closed! Misunderstanding all you see\" (Strawberry Fields, 1966). Mycologists and other biologists who delve into Fungal Morphogenesis will come away with a restless scientific unease over the extent of our ignorance and misunderstanding. This is Moore's intent. The final chapter of this fine monograph includes an apology \"This will involve extensive generalizations and potentially outrageous extrapolations\" and a challenge: \"Do the research to prove me wrong.\" All developmental mycologists should own a desk copy of Fungal Morphogenesis and all science librarians should be alerted to order a copy for their collections.\" Joan Bennett (Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans) in Inoculum: Supplement to Mycologia Volume 52(1), Februrary 2001, and Newsletter of the Mycological Society of America.\n\"A landmark treatise on fungi and a principal source of collected information for some time to come on all aspects of developmental biology\". D. L. Richter (Michigan Technological University, USA) in CHOICE (publication of the Association of College & Research Libraries of the American Library Association), April, 1999.\n\"The book offers a deep and thorough description of issues concerning fungal developmental biology…What deserves special attention is the problem approach to the presentation of hypha tip development, branching, growth kinetics, cell differentiation, tissue domains, fructification strategies amongst Basidiomycetes, as well as regeneration, degeneration, aging and death. Also topics related to fungi enzymes, cell-wall and cell-membrane functions in metabolite transport, secondary metabolism, metabolism adaptations and molecular aspects of conidiation have been discussed in a very inspiring way. However, [the] book's biggest merit is the synthesis of an immense amount of biochemical, physiological, molecular and structural data and the presentation of an original morphoregulation hypothesis for fungi. The book should be considered essential for all mycologists, particularly those studying morphogenesis amongst fungi. This is mainly due to the fact that it indicates problems, which remain to be solved. The book addresses different issues from numerous areas. However, the author is a good teacher and, therefore, his work can be understood by a medium-advanced biologist. It should be recommended to all those interested in cell and developmental biology, as well as to microbiologists and geneticists.\" A. Borowska in Acta Mycologica, 1999, volume 34 (part2), p. 169.\n\"The greatest value of this book is that it brings the fungi within the mainstream of current developmental biology. ... the author often gives very personal opinions on controversial matters which makes for interesting reading.\" J. G. H. Wessels (Department of Biology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands), Mycologist, November 1999.\n\"In his latest book, David Moore, longtime editor of the journal Mycological Research, offers a provocative picture of the fundamental mechanisms by which hyphae extend and collaborate to form mushrooms. A book of this caliber has been needed for many years, and ... Moore has closed the gap between Sir John Burnett’s 1976 masterpiece, Fundamentals of Mycology, and the last quarter-century of experimental inquiry. ... Indeed, Moore has convinced me that were it not for the clinical and agricultural significance of invasive hyphal growth, fruit body morphogenesis would have long assumed primacy among the professional obsessions of experimental mycologists. ... there is much in this innovative text to inform all mycologists and other eukaryote microbiologists.\" Nicholas P. Money (Miami University, Oxford, Ohio ASM (American Society for Microbiology) News, Volume 65, Number 10, 1999, pp. 711 - 712.\n\"David Moore authoritatively blends together physiological, biochemical, molecular and structural descriptions within an evolutionary framework to provide a comprehensive account of fungal developmental biology in Fungal Morphogenesis. ... The book will be useful equally as a text and a reference book to students, teachers and researchers who are interested in fundamentals of fungal biology.\" Ajay Singh (Petrozyme Technologies Inc., Guelph, Ontario, Canada) Canadian Society of Microbiology Newsletter, Summer 1999, volume 46, no. 3, p. 11-12.\n\"Fungal Morphogenesis is a comprehensive book, covering most aspects of an exciting and important field. It is a daunting task to describe development over an entire kingdom, yet Moore manages to incorporate data from all classes of fungi into an overall synthesis of fungal development. He describes all of the current models of fungal morphogenesis and most of the relevant research. The extensive reference list includes the most pertinent fungal research over the past forty years\" Laura Robertson & Hiten Madhani (Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA ) in Trends in Cell Biology, September 1999, volume 9, p. 374.\n\"Fungal Morphogenesis is a rare example of a single author book that covers a large and developing area. The author is an established authority on the developmental biology of mushrooms of higher fungi ... Material is brought together from a range of sources and approaches to provide a useful overview of the present status of the field as a whole and to highlight hot topics for the future\" Neil Gow (University of Aberdeen, UK) in Trends in Microbiology (1999) volume 7, page 92.\nBack to top\nClose the window to return to the previous page", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://heidiallan.co.za/the-silent-threat-unveiling-the-impact-of-middle-ear-infections-in-childrens-well-being/", "date": "2024-03-04T18:13:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476464.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304165127-20240304195127-00747.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9191622138023376, "token_count": 1149, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__155148102", "lang": "en", "text": "Middle ear infections, or otitis media, are common childhood ailments that can significantly affect children’s health and well-being. Understanding the impact of middle ear infections is crucial for parents and caregivers to recognise the signs, seek appropriate medical attention, and prevent potential complications. This article will explore the effects of middle ear infections in children, highlighting the immediate and long-term consequences.\nThe Immediate Effects of Middle Ear Infections\nMiddle ear infections can cause various immediate effects in children, often leading to discomfort and disruption in their daily lives. The following are some of the primary effects:\nEar Pain and Discomfort\nMiddle ear infections can cause intense ear pain, making it challenging for children to focus, sleep, and engage in normal activities. The pain may be sharp, throbbing, or persistent and can significantly impact a child’s quality of life.\nThe infection and inflammation in the middle ear can affect the movement of the eardrum and the tiny bones responsible for transmitting sound vibrations. As a result, children may experience temporary hearing loss or reduced hearing ability, leading to difficulties in understanding speech, following instructions, and participating in conversations.\nEar pain and discomfort can disrupt a child’s sleep patterns, leading to restless nights and fatigue. Lack of proper sleep can further impact a child’s mood, behaviour, and cognitive function, affecting their overall well-being and academic performance.\nThe Long-Term Effects of Middle Ear Infections\nIf left untreated or recurring frequently, middle ear infections can have long-term consequences on children’s health and development. It is essential to address these infections promptly to prevent the following potential effects:\nChronic or recurrent middle ear infections can lead to persistent fluid buildup in the middle ear, resulting in a condition known as otitis media with effusion (OME). OME can cause mild to moderate hearing loss, hindering a child’s ability to develop speech and language skills and impacting their social interactions and academic progress.\nSpeech and Language Delays\nHearing loss caused by middle ear infections can significantly affect a child’s speech and language development. Impaired hearing during critical stages of language acquisition can result in delays in speech production, vocabulary expansion, and language comprehension. Early intervention and treatment are crucial to minimise the long-term effects on communication skills.\nThe impact of middle ear infections on a child’s hearing and overall well-being can also lead to developmental delays in other areas. Children may experience delays in cognitive development, motor skills, and social-emotional growth, affecting their overall progress and quality of life.\nChildren with chronic ear infections may experience frustration, isolation, and low self-esteem due to difficulties in communication and social interactions. The constant presence of pain and discomfort can also affect their emotional well-being, leading to changes in behaviour, decreased participation in activities, and challenges in forming relationships.\nMiddle ear infections can have immediate and long-term effects on children’s health and development. Immediate effects include ear pain, hearing impairment, and sleep disturbances. If left untreated or recurring frequently, middle ear infections can lead to long-term consequences such as hearing loss, speech and language delays, developmental delays, and psychosocial impact. Recognising the signs of middle ear infections, seeking timely medical attention, and following appropriate treatment strategies are essential in minimising the effects and ensuring the well-being of children.\nWhat are the potential long-term effects of untreated middle ear infections in children?\nUntreated middle ear infections in children can have several long-term effects. Some of the potential consequences include:\nPersistent or recurrent middle ear infections can lead to temporary or permanent hearing loss, affecting a child’s speech and language development.\nSpeech and Language Delays\nHearing loss caused by middle ear infections can result in delays in speech production, vocabulary expansion, and language comprehension.\nMiddle ear infections can impact a child’s cognitive development, motor skills, and social-emotional growth, potentially leading to developmental delays.\nChildren with chronic ear infections may experience frustration, isolation, and low self-esteem due to communication difficulties, impacting their emotional well-being and social interactions.\nHow are Middle Ear Infections Treated in Children?\nTreating middle ear infections in children typically involves a combination of medical interventions and supportive care. Here are the common approaches:\n- Antibiotics: If the infection is bacterial, antibiotics are prescribed to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection. It is essential to complete the entire course of antibiotics as the healthcare provider prescribes.\n- Pain relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be recommended to alleviate ear pain and discomfort. However, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before giving any medication to children.\n- Ear drops: In some cases, antibiotic ear drops may be prescribed to target the infection and directly reduce inflammation in the ear.\n- Observation: In certain instances, especially for mild cases or viral infections, the healthcare provider may recommend a wait-and-watch approach with regular monitoring to see if the infection resolves independently.\n- Surgical intervention: In severe or recurrent cases where other treatment methods have not been effective, surgical procedures such as inserting ear tubes (tympanostomy tubes) may be considered to improve fluid drainage and prevent future infections.\nIt is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan tailored to the child’s specific needs. They can guide the best course of action based on the severity and recurrence of the middle ear infections.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://evelynbach.blogspot.com/2016/05/the-point-walter-project.html", "date": "2019-03-23T15:20:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912202872.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20190323141433-20190323163433-00267.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9636027216911316, "token_count": 512, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__110932255", "lang": "en", "text": "I also have a strange urge to document things. Travels, dreams, everyday life, the progress of gardens, sightings of birds, lizards, flowering eucalypts, shells, feathers, artefacts. Mostly, though, my efforts at documentation have been unsustained and/or unsystematic. More like random jottings in search of a notebook, first pages of journals abandoned in the fluster of life or great ideas that were never executed.\nMy most recent documentary project is to draw the sandbar at Point Walter.\nThe brief I have given myself is quite simple. Whenever I go to Point Walter and walk out along the sandbar, I draw something that catches my eye. If it's a small thing, I bring it home with me. If it is big, I draw it in situ. I try to record the things I notice: what birds are here today? What's the weather like? A lot more jellyfish than usual...\nSo here are a few pages:\nFragments of shells and pottery washed up on the sandbar.\nLooking south from the sandbar.\nSwans out on the sandbar, in the shallow water. They are not at all afraid, turning themselves into all kinds of pretzel as they sleep or preen.\nOne day, I found numerous crab body parts washed up. When I tried to find an online field guide to make an identification, 99% of the information listed under the heading 'Crabs of the Swan River Estuary' was about how to cook them. What has happened to natural history?\nAnother day I found this fan folded up and stuck vertically into the mud in shallow water.\nThe Uchiha Sasuke figurine was 100 metres further on.\nJellyfish. I had to draw them on the run as they floated in the water. On the surface, leaves of one of the common river plants are also floating along.\nCrested terns, with rainclouds. Some raindrops on the page, too.\nThe view north on a cloudy day, and some pied oyster catchers.\nThe project continues. Lately the tides have been too high to walk out far. There is also a sign up, and a fence, barring entry to the little tufted island at the end of the sandbar so that birds can safely do their nesting. I want to go there. I want to draw every species of plant on that little bump at the end of the spit.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mcccdf.academicworks.com/opportunities/17047", "date": "2021-12-08T03:07:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363437.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20211208022710-20211208052710-00424.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.922834575176239, "token_count": 193, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__129615498", "lang": "en", "text": "Psomagen Next Generation Scholarship\nPsomagen Inc. is a leading bioscience firm committed to advanced human genomic sequencing. The corporation provides next-generation sequencing services utilized by researchers from many prestigious institutions and advanced clinical sequencing services to U.S. patients and hospitals.\nPsomagen’s Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is the future of DNA research, and the applications for this technology have the potential for enhancing individualized patient care. NGS applications include:\n- Identifying rare genetic mutations and variations\n- Deeper analysis of targeted DNA regions\n- Advanced analysis of gene expression\n- Discovery of cancer-causing genetic mutations\n- Faster sequencing\nPsomagen is committed to supporting students in their educational path. With this in mind, Psomagen is pleased to announce the launch of a scholarship essay contest — the Psomagen Next Generation Scholarship. The essay winner selected will be awarded $2,000 towards their studies.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://wine.singleton.io/posts/sourdough/", "date": "2024-02-25T06:06:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474581.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225035809-20240225065809-00774.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9424680471420288, "token_count": 1036, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__15024809", "lang": "en", "text": "The first stage of wine fermentation involves yeast metabolizing in the must which results in the conversion of sugars to ethanol. There are many wild yeasts which can facilitate fermentation but the most common one is Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is also used in bread making (and the brewing of beer). I think this is pretty cool - the same little micro-organisms that work their magic on our wine are also the magic behind my favorite food - bread. It seemed like a fun experiment to try making a sourdough starter from the exact same yeast fermenting our wine.\nIt’s pretty easy to make a sourdough starter - you combine flour and water, leave in the open air for a while to (hopefully) pick up some nice local wild microorganisms (including yeast) and then start “feeding” daily. Feeding means discarding half the starter and topping up with fresh flour and water. After a day or so the yeast start multiplying. The yeast metabolize the sugars in the flour to produce carbon dioxide (and ethanol) and the whole mixture puffs itself up with CO2 bubbles, the yeast eventually consumes all the sugar from the fresh flour and needs feeding again. I joke with my kids that we have to keep feeding my microscopic pets and they fart out the CO2 bubbles. You have to feed the starter for about a week to establish a stable culture where the yeast has outcompeted any other microbes in the medium.\nYou can make bread with yeast alone but a sourdough starter usually also contains lactic acid bacteria [LAB]. (e.g. Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis, love that name!) These little microbes convert sugars to lactic acid, acetic acid and CO2 which produce some of the complex sour flavors we associate with sourdough. The super cool thing is that LAB and yeast coexist in a kind of symbiotic way in the starter. They work to make their home inhospitable to other microorganisms but very friendly for each other. Yeast produces ethanol which kills off most other stuff, but LAB like it. And LAB produce acids which, as we know given that our wine is pretty acidic too, the yeast are happy with. Yeast also produce amylase as they reproduce. I have “amylase convert starch to maltose” scarred into my long term memory from high school biology class. Guess what flour is? Lots of starch! And what do LAB eat? You guessed it - maltose! 🦠❤️🦠.\nLet’s get to it!\nHarvesting the yeast\nSeveral sourdough references recommend using grape juice to help get a regular starter going, so I was pretty optimistic that this was going to work. Immediately after punching down my wine (the 2021 Cabernet Sauvignon vintage) at the height of its fermentation I grabbed about 50ml of juice. At this stage of the wine fermentation there will be tons of yeast in every drop of must and the acidity and sugar in the juice should help give our sourdough starter a big kick start.\nMixing the first starter\n- 100g bread flour (wholemeal recommended)\n- 100g water\n- ~30g juice from fermenting must\nI thoroughly mixed the flour, water and yeasty grape juice together and left the container open to the air for about an hour, hoping to pick up some L. sanfranciscensis.\nAfter an hour or so, I closed up the jar and left it in a warmish spot in my kitchen for the rest of the day. As you can see the initial starter looks a bit weird. It’s all purple! But before long, and much faster than simply using the flour + water + patience method, I noticed a throng of little CO2 bubbles in the starter.\nIt worked! Now a bit of patience and persistence was required. I fed the maturing starter once a day by pouring half away (leaving 100g of “yesterday’s” starter) and topping up with 50ml water and 50g flour.\nAfter a week of feeding, the starter is finally ready to bake with. It had a very fragrant smell by this stage. Definitely different to my regular sourdough starters. So the big question was: “Will the bread be any good?”\nBaking a loaf, the moment of truth\nThere was only one way to find out! I followed my regular sourdough recipe using 150g of the wine yeast starter to seed the production sourdough. And… It baked really well - the starter did a nice job of leavening the dough. Here’s the finished product:\nAnd the taste? It’s different to my regular sourdough - a little less sour and a little more fragrant. But it’s good! My family’s verdict: “Can you make us more tomorrow?”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://publist.ist.ac.at/ist/groups/34-Benkova_Group/works", "date": "2017-03-23T12:13:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218186895.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212946-00157-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9091252088546753, "token_count": 459, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__144393600", "lang": "en", "text": "Plant hormones are important signaling molecules that control many developmental processes, including cell division, differentiation, organogenesis. In contrast to their animal counterparts, plant hormones can regulate a multitude of apparently unrelated physiological processes, their roles often overlap and they mutually modulate their effects. This indicates the important role of synergistic and antagonistic interactions between different plant hormones. However, the molecular basis of hormonal interactions is still largely unknown. The physiologically best characterized interaction is between auxin and cytokinin. These two plant hormones exhibit synergistic interaction to promote cell division in cell culture, but antagonistic interaction to regulate lateral root development or lateral bud outgrowth. The main aim of our studies is to reveal the molecular components and mechanisms balancing the output of auxin and cytokinin pathways in order to regulate plant organogenesis. We use lateral root organogenesis in Arabidopsis as an ideally suited model system for these questions, because it encompasses fundamental aspects of plant development, such as dedifferentiation, re-entry into the cell cycle, coordinated cell divisions and differentiation, and is in antagonistic manner regulated by auxin and cytokinin. Recently, we have shown that cytokinin modulation of polar auxin transport represents an important mode of auxin-cytokinin interaction. We further investigate underlying molecular mechanisms with focus on (i) transcriptional and (ii) postranscriptional control of auxin efflux carriers by cytokinin. We identified novel cytokinin response elements in promoters of AtPIN1 and AtPIN7 auxin efflux carriers and using yeast one hybrid we aim to determine cytokinin controlled upstream regulatory pathway. Beside transcriptional regulation, our recent data document impact of cytokinin on cellular trafficking of AtPIN1 protein and its stability. Investigation of cytokinin interaction with cellular endocytotic machinery applying chemical and forward genetic approaches will be our key strategies in the future to determine components of this regulatory pathway. To identify novel components of auxin-cytokinin interaction we have applied two main research strategies, transcriptome profiling and a forward genetic screen. Genes recovered from both transcriptome profiling and a forward genetic screen represent candidates for novel cross-talk components that will help us to reveal mechanisms integrating auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://la-cuisiniere.co.uk/2024/03/13/enhancing-your-garden-with-red-robin/", "date": "2024-04-18T10:09:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817206.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418093630-20240418123630-00445.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9237241148948669, "token_count": 414, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__116748508", "lang": "en", "text": "The ‘Red Robin‘ plant, scientifically known as Photinia fraseri, is a vibrant addition to any garden, celebrated for its bright red foliage that matures to a rich, dark green. This dynamic color change offers a striking visual interest throughout the seasons, making Red Robin a popular choice for gardeners looking to add a splash of color to their outdoor spaces. Ideal for hedges, screens, or as a standalone feature, this versatile plant provides both privacy and aesthetic appeal.\nOptimal conditions for growth\nFor those looking to cultivate Red Robin in their garden, selecting the right location is crucial. This plant thrives in well-drained soil and prefers a position that receives full sun to partial shade. Adequate sunlight is essential for the development of the signature red leaves, whereas too much shade can result in a lackluster display. Additionally, Red Robin is relatively hardy but benefits from protection against harsh winter winds.\nPlanting and maintenance tips\nWhen planting Red Robin, spacing is important to consider, especially if creating a hedge. Plants should be spaced about 2 to 3 feet apart to allow for ample growth and air circulation. After planting, regular watering helps establish the plant, particularly in dry conditions. However, once established, Red Robin is drought-resistant and requires minimal maintenance.\nPruning for health and vibrancy\nPruning plays a significant role in the care of Red Robin, encouraging the growth of new, brightly colored leaves. Pruning should be done in the spring, just as the new growth begins, to shape the plant and maintain its density. This not only enhances the plant’s appearance but also promotes a healthier, more vigorous specimen.\nRed Robin’s ability to provide year-round interest with minimal effort makes it a valued addition to any garden. Its striking color transition from red to green, combined with its versatility as a hedge or ornamental plant, offers endless landscaping possibilities. With proper care and placement, Red Robin can transform any garden into a vibrant, living canvas.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.abubakaringim.com/publications.html", "date": "2023-12-09T22:13:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100972.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209202131-20231209232131-00295.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6965426802635193, "token_count": 2467, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__7564094", "lang": "en", "text": "Ringim, A. S., Knoche, S., & Ritchie, K. (17-21 April 2023). Sika deer hunters' opinions and preferences for hunting regulations in Maryland. Presented at the 28th Annual Undergraduate and Graduate Research Symposium, Morgan State University, Maryland, United States.\nRingim, A. S. and Lucky, A. O. (17-21 July 2022). Dragonflies and damselflies of Nigeria, OdonataMAP report, 2010 - 2022. Presented at the North American Congress for Conservation Biology (NACCB) conference, Reno, Nevada, United States.\nRingim, A. S., Knoche, S., & Ritchie, K. (2-5 April 2022). Human dimensions of Sika deer management on Maryland’s Lower Eastern Shore. Presented at the 77th Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference, Long Branch, New Jersey, United States.\nMuhammad, S. I., Hanson, H., Ringim, A. S., Muhammad, I. L. & Onoja, J. (1- 2 December 2021). Waterbird population estimates in Hadejia-Nguru wetlands: analysis of a five-year monitoring program. Presented at West African wetland conference, Centre for African Wetlands, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.\nRingim, A. S. (2–3 October 2021). LepiMAP – progress report on the atlas of the butterflies and moths of Nigeria, 2010 – 2021. Presented at 38th Annual Lepidopterists Society of Africa (Lepsoc) conference, Nestlé Centre, Walter Sisulu Botanical Gardens, South Africa.\nAbdullahi, H. A. & Ringim, A. S. (27-29 October 2020). A preliminary study on the habitat ecology and breeding population of two sympatric herons in Audu Bako Zoological Garden, Kano State. Presented at 7th Biodiversity Conservation conference, Nigeria Chapter of Society for Conservation Biology, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.\nRingim, A. S., Ottosson, U., Ivande, S. T., Tende, T., Muhammad, S. I., Awoyemi, A., Apeverga, P. T., Hanson, H., Kevin, E., & Abubakar, H. M. (16–19 September 2019). Bird diversity and birdwatching tourism: implications for wildlife conservation and economic diversification. Presented at the 3rd Annual conference of the Wildlife Society of Nigeria (WISON), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.\nRingim, A. S., Ivande, S. T., Muhammad, S. I., Apeverga, P. T., Lawan, N., & Isa, S. M. (8–12 July 2019). Rapid Biodiversity Assessment of Birds for Monitoring Species Richness in Important Bird Areas. Presented at 1st International Conference of the Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management, University of Lagos, Nigeria.\nRingim, A. S. & Abubakar, Y. (7–11 April 2019). Impact of urbanisation on biodiversity using birds as indicator species. Presented at 6th Nigeria Tropical Biology Association (NTBA), Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria.\nRingim, A. S. & Aliyu, D. (6–12 May 2018). Bird species richness, relative abundance, and conservation statuses in protected and unprotected areas of the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands. Presented at 6th Nigerian Chapter of Society for Conservation Biology Conference, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.\nRingim, A. S. (8–10 November 2017). Diversity and density of avifauna in different protection areas: the case study of Hadejia-Nguru wetlands. Presented at 12th Annual Conference of Zoological Society of Nigeria, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.\nRingim, A. S. & Ndangalasi, H. J. (2–6 July 2017). Vascular plant species composition and diversity in Hadejia-Nguru wetlands. Presented at 25th Annual Conference of Botanical Society of Nigeria, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto State, Nigeria.\nSalami, K. D, Nurudeen, T. A. and Ringim, A. S. (23–24 January 2018). Status of forest ecosystem and its conservation in Nigeria. Presented at World Environmental Conservation Conference, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State.\nAbubakar, M. M., Kutama, A. S., Sulaiman, I. M. & Ringim, A. S. (23-24 January 2017). Impact of climate change on the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands. Presented at the International Conference on Environment and Natural Science, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.\nRingim, A. S. (20–24 June 2016). Diversity and foraging guilds: focus on the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands avifaunal community. Presented at 4th NTBA/NSCB Joint Biodiversity Conference, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.\nRingim, A. S. & Muhammad, S. I. (30 March – 1 April 2016). A new paradigm for planning and conservation of Nigeria’s biodiversity hotspot: the Niger Delta. Presented at Science for Sustainable Development, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.\nRingim, A. S., Abubakar, M. M., Sulaiman, I. M., & Tasi’u, T. (10–11 August 2015). Wetlands resource use, conflict, management and conservation: review of the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands, northeast, Nigeria. Presented at the Postgraduate International Conference, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.\nAbubakar, H. M., Ringim, A. S. & Ottosson, U. First documented leucism in African thrush Turdus pelios. Malimbus (In press N119).\nRingim, A. S.,Muhammad, S. I., Bako, L.A., Abubakar, H. M., Isa, S. M., Nelly, D.J., Bajoga, A. B., Bunu, A. S., Adam, H. A., Jalo, I. M., Eveso, J. O., Mathew, E. D., Dan Malam, B. A., Mador, U., Paul, J. I., Aminu, I., Lawal, A., Izang, J. I., Abu, P. N. (2022). How citizen scientists are rapidly generating big distribution data: lessons from the Arewa Atlas Team, Nigerian Bird Atlas Project, Ostrich, DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2022.2058105\nMuhammad, S. I., Harry, H. J., Ringim, A. S., Lawan, M. I. & Onoja, J. (2022). Waterbird Population Estimates in Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands: Analysis of a Five-Year Monitoring Program. Wetlands, 42:12.\nRingim, A. S., Mohammed, H. A. & Tende, T. (2021). Trade and belief-based use of Marabou Stork Leptoptilos crumenifer in Nigeria, West Africa. SIS Conservation, 3.\nAkindele, E.O., Ekwemuka, M.C., Apeverga, P., Amusa, T.O., Olajuyigbe, S., Coker, O.M., Olaleru, F., Fasona, M., Usen, E.N., Ringim, A.S., Adedoja, O.A., Nsude, C.C., Ota, C.A., Oluowa, F.E., Onatunji, A., Adedapo, A., Kolawolo-Daniels, A. (2021). Assessing awareness on biodiversity conservation among Nigerians: the Aichi Biodiversity Target 1. Biodiversity and Conservation, 30(7), 1947-1970.\nAbubakar, H. M. & Ringim, A. S. (2020). Red-pate Cisticola Cisticola ruficeps in Potiskum, northeast Nigeria. Malimbus, 42, 24-26.\nRingim, A. S. BirdPix – report on the photographic atlas of the birds of Nigeria, 2012–2019 (2020). Biodiversity Observations, 11(4), 1-10.\nRingim, A. S., Ibrahim, J. I., Ottosson, U., Ivande, S. T., Tende, T., & Ezekiel, S. P. (2020). An extension to the known range of the Grey-backed Fiscal Lanius excubitoroides in Nigeria. Malimbus, 42, 31-32.\nRingim, A. S. (2019). A leucistic Long-tailed Glossy Starling Lamprotornis caudatus. Malimbus, 41, 60-61.\nRingim, A. S., Abu, P., Ottosson, U., Ivande, S. T., Tende, T., Abubakar, H. M., Okwhofase, J., Ezekiel, S. P. & Muhammad, S. I (2020). Range extension and breeding of the House Sparrow Passer domesticus in Nigeria. Malimbus, 41, 63-65.\nRingim, A. S. & Shafi’u, A. (2019). Composition and diversity of birds: a comparative study between two wetlands. FUTY Journal of the Environment, 13(1): 75-83.\nRingim, A. S. & Aliyu, D. (2018). Bird species richness, relative abundance and conservation status in protected and unprotected areas of the Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands. The Zoologist, 16: 12-20.\nRingim, A. S., Magige, F. J. & John J. R. M. (2018). Diversity and density of avifauna in areas with different protection status: a case study in Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands, North-eastern Nigeria. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental of Sciences, 44(2): 117-125.\nRingim, A. S. & Dogara, M. M. (2017). A survey of avifauna and vegetation communities in Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands, Nigeria. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 10(2), 1-10.\nRingim, A. S., Magige, F. J. & John J. R. M. (2017). A comparative study of species diversity of migrant birds between protected and unprotected areas of the Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands, Nigeria. Tanzania Journal of Science, 43(1), 110-122.\nRingim, A. S. & H. Jr. Harry (2017). Is the bird population in the Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands under threat? West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 25(2), 57-77.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://prescottanimal.com/pet-dental-care/", "date": "2022-10-02T13:02:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337322.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20221002115028-20221002145028-00421.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9721046090126038, "token_count": 341, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__277546689", "lang": "en", "text": "Every Month is Pet Dental Month\nMany owners are diligent about their pet’s dental care during February, National Pet Dental Month, but dental care extends beyond one month. Dental disease is the most common medical problem seen among dogs and cats. People understand the importance of dental care and routinely have their teeth cleaned. With our pets, dental care is a less common practice. Studies by the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) reveal that nearly two-thirds of pet owners do not provide the dental care recommended by veterinarians. At Prescott Animal Hospital, it is our goal to educate our community on the importance of routine dental care, before it is a serious problem and oral surgery is required. We understand that pet owners are often surprised about the cost of recommended veterinary services and dental care is no exception. We do not want owners to chose care for their pet based strictly on price; we want them to chose based on the value and quality of care their pet is receiving. Our recommendations include what we feel is in the best health and safety interest of the patient. We believe each patient is unique and we treat each patient based on their individual needs. Periodontal disease (dental disease) is the destruction of bone, gum tissue and structures that hold the teeth in place. This disease is caused by bacterial infection that spreads underneath the gum line. Significant damage is already done by the time there are obvious signs of periodontal disease, such as bad breath, painful and loose teeth. Dogs and cats in the advanced stages of periodontal disease often require oral surgery to extract many teeth. This disease can also affect the overall health of your pet, including heart, liver and kidneys.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.himachalholiday.com/wildlife-himachal", "date": "2017-04-30T18:32:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917125841.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031205-00595-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9335770606994629, "token_count": 2647, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__175538673", "lang": "en", "text": "Wildlife in Himachal Pradesh enchants you into a glorious holiday tour with promises of enigmatic jungle secrets and Himalayan glory.\nWildlife like Brown Bears, Gorals, Snow Leopards, Serows, Ibex and Bharals greet you on tours to Himachal wildlife sanctuaries and national parks. Himachal Pradesh has some of the well-known wildlife sanctuaries that give you an opportunity to spot tigers or leopards watch different species of birds or even do hunting in some areas. For the purpose of hunting, tourists are required to take prior permission from the forest department and concerned state government. It would be an altogether different experience while looking out for your favorite animal in the lap of lush green valleys.\nSome of the important wildlife national parks in Himachal Pradesh that feature in the tourism 'must visit' list are:\nTHE GREAT HIMALAYAN NATIONAL PARK\nThe Great Himalayan National Park consists of the upper catchment areas of the Tirthan, Sainj and Jiwa rivers, which flow westwards and feed the Beas River. Though large scale felling in easily accessible areas were carried out during the second World War, the area is one of the least disturbed in the state. It therefore consists of relatively good forests and meadows, which support an extremely diverse wild life population. This includes the largest remaining population of Himalayan Tahr in Himachal Pradesh. The park is also one of the only two places of India, where anything more than a remnant population of Western Tragopan is known to survive. Total area occupied by the The Great Himalayan National Park is 62,000 hectares. Part of the present area ( 8,396 hectares ) was declared sanctuary ( Tirthan ) on 17th June 1976. On 1st March 1984, it was declared a national park. Besides the Tirthan sanctuary which is the part of Nationa Park, it is also boarded by Pin Valley National Park on the North-East, Kanawar sanctuary on the North-West and Rupi Bhaba sanctuary to the east. all these together constitute Himachal Pradesh's largest protected wild life region.\nSimbalbara sanctuary is located in Paonta Valley of Sirmour District. This area bears beautiful dense Sal forests with grassy glades. This is probably the most picturesque area of Shiwaliks. There is a perennial stream in the area. Simbalbara Forest Rest House is connected by a fair weather road from Puruwala and provides a beautiful view of the valley. Goral, Sambhar and Chittal can be easily seen here. There are walking trails in the quiet adjoining forests.Winter is the best season to visit this sanctuary.\nChail Sanctuary is situated in one of the districts of Shimla, the Chail Sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh is the best retreat for the wildlife buffs and nature lovers. Declared as a wildlife sanctuary in the year 1976, Chail Sanctuary shrouded in Deodar and Oak Forests is the store house of a rich variety of flora and fauna.Explore the sprawling acres of greenery and dense woodlands of Chail Sanctuary still unspoilt by the crowds and pollution. Nestled amidst the green valleys with the snow clad peaks in the background, Chail Sanctuary remains the ideal destination for the wildlife lovers.The Chail Sanctuary has a rich variety of flora and fauna. From the rare orchids to the endangered species you can find them here.\nOne can see the glimpse of animals and birds like Sambar, Goral, Common Langur, Leopard, Rhesus Macaque, Himalayan Black Bear, Red Deer, Silver-White Oak, Barking Deer, Indian Hare, Yellow Throated Marten, Indian Porcupine, Common Giant and Kashmiri Flying Squirrel and Pheasants. The Chir Pheasants breeding and rehabilitation Programme was introduced here.The major tourist attractions of the Chail Sanctuary are the barking deers and Kalijin. Explore the beautiful forests and for the adventure freaks the trekking options are also available in this wildlife sanctuary of Himachal Pradesh. Trekking from Chail to Gaura and Chail to Jhajja is quite common amongst the trekkers.\nIt was first notified as a sanctuary on 26th February 1954. This small heavily disturbed sanctuary reportedly harbours population of the endangered Musk Deer, as well as of several species of pheasants. It includes part of the catchment of the Kais Nala, an important tributary of the Beas River.\nChurdhar Sanctuary or Churdhar peak, with an elevation of 3647 metres above sea level is located in Sirmour and Shimla District (Temple of Shrigul Devta in Chaupal(Shimla) and top in Sirmour) of Himachal Pradesh and is the highest peak in outer Himalayas. It is like a oasis of Alpine area of temperate forests. Best time to visit is during summers and early winters. The view from Churdhar peak is un-paralled. Monals are common in the forest areas. Trekking can be done from Nohra, Sarain and Pulbahal.\nIn Churdhar Sanctuary you can get a glimpse of the colorful Monals, Barking Deer, Himalayan Black Bear, Musk Deer, Leopards, Common Langur and Leopards. For all you adventure freaks out there, Churdhar Sanctuary offers you trekking options even. So take a tour amidst the forests of Churdhar Sanctuary as you explore the Himalayan Wildlife. One of the newest sanctuaries, Churdhar Sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh is still an unexplored and a lesser known destination. So if you are planning a vacation to a unique destination nestled amidst the hills then this is the perfect place.\nThe Renuka Sanctuary named after the town of Manali, is a major tourist junction for nature lovers. The Renuka sanctuary is located in Sirmour district in Himachal Pradesh. The total area of the sanctuary is about 402.80 hectares and is comprised of the Renuka Reserve Forest and has been declared as Abhayaranya. Also, an area of roughly about 300 hectare outside the sanctuary has been declared as a buffer belt. The vegetation inside the sanctuary comprises mainlyof Anogeissus, Lucinea, Terminalia, Khair, Shisham, Carrie, Cordia and a number of climbers in moist depressions.\nThe fauna includes Leopard, Samber, Spotted Deer, Barking deer, Jackal, Hare, Jungle cat, Plam Civet, Porcupine, Blue jay, Black Partridge, Drongos, Hill Crow, Scarlet Minivet, Bulbul, Common Coots, Greenm Pigeons. The Renukaji Zoo is the oldest zoo in Himachal Pradesh, and was initially started during 1957 with rescued, stray and deserted wild animals from the forests. The first animal brought here was a male spotted deer named Moti. To accommodate the increasing number of animals, the concept of an open park was conceived and the park was established in 1983. At present the Lion Safari, zoo, Aviary and Sanctuary is under control of the administrative control of Shimla Wildlife Division.\nThe Daranghati Sanctuary is the home to a number of species like Himalayan Black Bear, Brown Bear, Himalayan Serow, Palm Civet, Barking Deer, Musk Deer, Flying Fox, Goral, Himalayan yellow throated Marten, Indian Hare, Stripped Hyena, Himalayan Ibex, Leopard, Blue Sheep, Common giant flying Squirrel and Himalayan Weasel. For all you adventure freaks and wildlife buffs, explore the unspoilt greenery of Daranghati Sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh amidst the snow clad peaks and Alpine Forests. There are a number of bridle paths and intersected roadways in the forest and you can get the help of forest officials for a smooth journey amidst the dense woodlands.\nTirthan, the high altitude sanctuary is quite rich in floral and faunal species. The northern part of the sanctuary now has been included in the Great Himalayan National Park.\nMajathal Sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh is one of the most ideal destinations for the wildlife buffs. From trekkers to leisure tourists Majathal Sanctuary allures tourists from all over. Located atop the rugged Himalayan terrains in Himachal Pradesh, this is the home of the rare species like Goral and Cheer Pheasants. One can get a glimpse of the Goral and Cheer Pheasants in their natural habitat. Far away in the rugged Himalayas, this sanctuary provides the wildlife lovers with a serene retreat. There are arrangements for tent accommodation for the tourists.\nThe Majathal Sanctuary has the highest concentration of Gorals and you can see them in their natural habitat. A kind of mountain goat, the Gorals have curved horns. They are only seen in hilly areas and Majathal Sanctuary is where you can get to see Gorals in their natural habitat. There is also an abundance of Cheer Pheasants in Majathal Wildlife Sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh. They are considered to be one of the endangered species.\nKanawar sanctuary is located in Parbati valley of Kullu district. There is a Rest House at Kasol. R.O. wildlife Kasol provides information and help to visitors. Uphill walk along Garahan Nala from Kasol through dense majestic Deodar and Fir forests is enjoyable. This sanctuary has large population of Himalayan Thar in Himalayas.\nManali Sanctuary is located at a distance of about 2 km from Manali main town. It is the catchment area of the Manalsu khad. A path from Manali log huts and Dhungri temple passes through dense Deodar, Kail, Horse chestnut, Walnut and Maple forests to the sanctuary. Musk deer, Monal and Brown bear, Leopard and Snow leopard are some of the sport seen here. Herds of Ibex are also seen roaming in the glacier zone in summers. The sanctuary spreads over about 3,180 hectares. The following area was declared a sanctuary on 26th February 1954, under the Punjab Birds and Wild Animals Protection Act, 1933.\nMAHARANA PRATAP SAGAR SANCTUARY\nMaharana Pratap Sagar Sanctuary, located in the beautiful Himalayas is one of the lake sanctuaries of Himachal Pradesh. Every year, thousands of avian species from far off Siberia and other countries make the Maharana Pratap Sagar Sanctuary their nesting grounds.Nestled amidst the dense Alpine Forests with snow clad peaks on the backdrop. Explore the sprawling actress of greenery and also get a glimpse of the migratory ducks from Siberian region. Especially in the swamp area between Shahnahar Barrage and Pongdam the birds flock from all over. The sanctuary is fascinating as it is set amidst green valleys and the snowy Dhauladhar Range of the Himalayas in the background.\nThe rich variety of Himalayan flora and fauna will attract you to the Ransar Island amidst the Lake in Maharana Pratap Sagar Sanctuary. This island is the home of the Black Buck and Cheetals and you can also get to see Surkhab, Cranes, Pintails and other variety of water birds in this area.Maharana Pratap Sagar Sanctuary which grew around a lake is a reservoir. During 1983 this was declared a wildlife sanctuary. There is a rich variety of avian species in this park which amounts to 220 species in total.However it is also the home of barking deers, wild boars and leopards.\nPIN VALLEY NATIONAL PARK\nPin Valley National Park is a national park located in Spiti region of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The park is located in the cold desert area of the Spiti valley, in the Lahul and Spiti district within the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It was declared a park in 1987.\nDeclared a National Park in 1987, Pin Valley is located in the cold desert region of the Spiti valley. With its snow laden unexplored higher reaches and slopes, the Park forms a natural habitat for a number of endangered animals including the Snow Leopard and Siberian Ibex. Spreading south of Dhankar Gompa near the Tibetan border, the park marks the border between the formerly separate districts of Lahaul and Spiti. The elevation of the park ranges from about 3,500 metres (11,500 ft) near Ka Dogri to more than 6,000 metres (20,000 ft) at its highest point.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://rauantiques.com/blogs/canvases-carats-and-curiosities/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-conch-pearls-natures-hidden-gems", "date": "2024-04-19T19:08:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817442.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419172411-20240419202411-00464.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9419425129890442, "token_count": 1382, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__141721886", "lang": "en", "text": "Pearls are a fantastic option for anyone looking for elegant, classic jewelry. However, these versatile organic gemstones offer options far beyond the lustrous white hue one might typically think of. From metallic-tinted Tahitian pearls to warm, golden South Sea pearls, the different types of pearls\nOne of the rarest kinds of pearl in the world is the Conch pearl, which has unique origins and is treasured for its pink pearls. Read on for a glimpse of what makes the natural Conch pearl so unique.\nWhat are Conch Pearls?\nConch pearls are different from the traditional pearl variety\nin a few ways. The most notable is where these rare gems form. While most other pearls grow inside the lips of oysters, conch pearls grow on a completely different creature known as the Queen conch mollusc.\nYou may already be familiar with the look of a conch shell, but the creature who lives inside will surprise you! These sea snails can live up to 30 years, and grow over a foot long.\nQueen Conch. 2014. Source.\nConch pearls are calcareous concretions, and lack a nacreous layer, which is what gives oyster pearls their iridescence. Instead of having a nacreous layer, conch pearls have a wavy, flame-like structure with a smooth surface. The color of a natural conch pearl can range from white to pink, also occurring in brown and orange tones. Their variety of colors and gem-quality conch pearls complement many different jewelry styles.\nHow are Conch Pearls Made?\nMost pearls grown today are cultured, meaning humans encourage the growth of pearls in oysters through various means, including planting small beads of material inside oysters and providing safe environments for the pearls to mature. This cultured pearl process is tedious and large pearls can take years, or even decades to form.\nHowever, the process of finding natural pearls is far more difficult. Traditionally, divers needed to\nsearch the ocean for oysters, a task of growing difficulty due to diminishing oyster beds. On top of this already tedious process, finding a conch pearl is all the more difficult.\nA cultured conch pearl does not exist; they can only form naturally, making them difficult to source even under the best conditions. Although scientists have attempted to produce conch pearls in laboratories, their experiments have yet to produce pearls suitable for the commercial market.\nA queen conch, or strombus gigas, can be found in the warm, tropical waters throughout the Caribbean, where it lives in beds of seagrass. When a small irritant gets stuck within a Queen conch, a pearl may form, although this process is still considered very rare and mysterious. Because of the curved conch shell, it’s much less likely that an irritant would enter the shell in comparison to other mollusks, which explains why this rare pearl variety is so hard to find.\nThe irritant could be any small item, but is often a piece of shell. Layers of fibrous crystals will cover the irritant, forming a conch pearl. The shape of the irritant and placement within the shell of the Queen conch mollusk can affect the size and shape of the pearl that forms, with few being perfectly rounded.\nMyths and Stories Behind the Queen Conch Pearl\nConch pearls and shells have been treasured for centuries. Collectors of antique jewelry\nmay come across conch pearls in Victorian, Art Nouveau and Art Deco jewelry\npieces. Conch shells are often believed to hold mystic powers, and have been incorporated into religious ceremonies by many different groups, including the Incas.\nTibetan Silver Shankah With Dragon. Late 19th/Early 20th Century. M.S. Rau.\nThis Tibetan “shankah” is a musical instrument made from a conch shell, and is used for ritual worship in Buddhism and Hinduism. This silver-adorned shell can be played like a trumpet, and was created using a conch shell from a species native to the Indian Ocean. Within Hindu mythology, the conch shell is associated with the god Vishnu, and the sound produced from a conch shell can bring good fortune. While some shankah are collected as antiques, they are also still used in religious ceremonies today.\nWhy are Conch Pearls so Rare?\nConch pearls are incredibly rare due to how they form and the rarity of the Queen conch itself. Fishermen harvest Queen conches for meat, and pearls are only a secondary product. Pearls are only found when the conch meat\nis removed from the shell. There are many possible uses for conch meat, including chowders and fritters.\nOverfishing has caused significant harm to the populations of Queen conches, and their fishing is limited in most countries today, further restricting the discovery of any new conch pearls.\nIn September of 2022, NOAA proposed a rule to list the queen conch as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. While Queen conches used to live abundantly off the coast of Florida, today they are rarely found and are now illegal to catch in the United States.\nEven when fishermen are allowed to harvest a Queen conch in the wild, only one in every 10,000 conches will have a pearl inside. Within this one in 10,000 chance, even fewer pearls are truly gem quality and suitable for use in conch pearl jewelry.\nConch pearls can range in color and size, with bright pink, near-round or oval specimens being the most valuable. These naturally forming pearls tend to be relatively small due to the constraints of their shells, and rarely exceed 10 carats.\nConch Pearl & Diamond Necklace. M.S. Rau.\nThis conch pearl necklace demonstrates the most desirable hue for these rare colored gems\n. Their warm blush tone comes from the color on the inside of the Queen conch’s lip, where the pearls form.\nAlthough the Queen conch pearl is increasingly difficult to find, you can still find these white and pink pearl gems to ad\nd to your collection. Those looking for a unique type of pearl jewelry will enjoy the rarity and mysterious nature of the conch pearl.\nIf you’re intrigued by rare pearls and want to learn more, M.S. Rau’s pearl's collectors guide\nexplains the many types of pearls available to jewelry enthusiasts.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://lrcsystems.medium.com/on-the-hunt-for-giant-microbes-along-the-california-coast-ea4fb34654ff", "date": "2024-04-21T21:30:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817819.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421194551-20240421224551-00099.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9707018136978149, "token_count": 2367, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__168342834", "lang": "en", "text": "This is a short story of how my wife, my daughter and I, armed with two microscopes, took an RV and went hunting for giant microbes along the California coast.\nBefore we get there, let me introduce myself and give you some context. My name is Jean-Marie Volland, I am a French marine biologist from Guadeloupe island, a French overseas region in the southern Caribbean Sea. I arrived in California three years ago to join an amazing network of scientists who are interested in big biological questions such as: What is the origin of life? How did simple microscopic cells evolve to large and complex organisms? Do we know all forms of life or can we still discover new lineages? These are really important questions that are not going to get definitive answers for anytime soon, but we have to start somewhere…\nSimple life versus complex life\nLife as we see it with our human eyes everyday is mostly our pets, our plants, our fellow human friends and family. Add to this, insects, birds, fish, corals, reptiles, snails, worms, and pretty much anything you can find in a zoo or an aquarium and you will have about nothing percent of the entire biodiversity that exists on Earth.\nIn fact, all these organisms, big enough to be seen with the naked eye, belong to a very small branch of the tree of life we call the Eukaryotes. The most widespread forms of life by far — 99.9% of species — and also the most ancient, belong to two other groups: bacteria and archaea. They are microscopic and relatively simple cells that are virtually everywhere. They are in and on our bodies, in the soil, in the air, and in ponds, lakes and oceans. There is also a big difference between Bacteria and Archaea, and the Eukaryotes that appear to fill our landscapes: that is, the presence of a more complex basic unit of life, i.e., a more complex cell (there are other differences as well, but we won’t go into those details here). Compared to bacterial and archaeal cells, the complex eukaryotic cell safely keeps its DNA — the genetic blueprint for life — in a protected place called the nucleus. It doesn’t matter how small or how large Eukaryotes are, or if they swim or fly or run, they are all made of complex cells.\nThis is where it gets even more interesting. We know that complex cells emerged about 1.8 billion years ago when two simple bacterial and archaeal cells decided to cooperate and establish a permanent association. This association, what we call a “symbiosis”, created a new more complex eukaryotic cell. To raise the stakes, these complex eukaryotic cells somehow also managed to join together to form highly differentiated structures that we see in eukaryotes but are absent in bacteria, such as bones and hearts and livers. This is the fascinating story of evolution: how did all this happen? How did complex life emerge out of simple life forms?\nWhat exactly happened 1.8 billion years ago and why it happened only once is the million-dollar question that we are just beginning to answer.\nWhy the giant bacteria?\nI know what you’re thinking, this is all great but what does it have to do with the giant microbes from California? Well, here is the connection. Since we cannot go back in time 1.8 billion years ago to study the first eukaryotic cell, maybe we can try to find something that looks a little bit like it in today’s world. What we are after are modern symbiotic associations between simple life forms such as bacteria so we can observe the process as it may have happened billions of years ago.\nOne place we may find relevant examples of symbiosis is in environments that still resemble primordial Earth, environments that are similar to what happened billions of years ago. These environments are very different than what you and I are comfortable with, they can be hot, acidic and full of strange gases. It is in these environments we can find bacteria that do odd things and grow to giant proportions- such as using the energy contained in chemicals like hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a nasty chemical, and is in fact very toxic to humans, so much so that evolution made us very good at detecting its distinct smell of rotten eggs to prevent us from poisoning ourselves with it. But for some bacteria it is food, and it allows them to thrive and become giants. Bacteria are normally about 0.002 mm long but some of them that grow on hydrogen sulfide can develop into large filaments of several centimeters. These giant bacteria are big enough to host other regular size bacteria and establish a symbiosis with them — this is what we are looking for.\nTo find these little giants, I normally would have organized a sampling trip with my colleagues. We would have shared a car, booked hotels, and maybe met with a scientist or two at marine biology stations close to sampling sites. But with the Covid-19 pandemic, I had to come up with an alternative. Sharing a car, staying in hotels, or meeting other scientists in labs was not recommended anymore. On top of that, schools and daycare were closed and like everyone else we had our child at home with us while still working full time. So, we improvised. We decided to take the trip together, my wife (who is also a scientist), my five-year-old daughter and me. Since we couldn’t go to a host lab, we opted to bring the lab with us to the field. We rented a RV which we made into a lab on wheels by bringing sampling and dissecting tools as well as a light and a stereoscopic microscope equipped with a camera. We went grocery shopping, packed a few clothes, wet suits, masks and snorkels, and here we are loading everything in the RV, ready to start a 4 day socially distanced scientific expedition as family.\nA family scientific expedition\nIn the late afternoon, we left the San Francisco bay area and drove a few hours south. We spent our first night in the middle of pumpjacks and fields near Bakersfield. The next morning, we drove down to beautiful Santa Monica, looking for a sampling spot around Venice Beach. I snorkeled around for about two hours while my wife and daughter went for a stroll along the Venice Canals. I did not find anything interesting and the only surprising encounter underwater was an electric scooter covered in algae. At the end of the day, we met my friend Fabian and his family in Venice and had a socially-distanced dinner together. I’ve known Fabian since high school in Guadeloupe; he is also a scientist and he too immigrated to California a few year ago. I had told him about the trip and he decided to join me for the dive planned the next morning.\nThe next day, day three of our endeavor, we set out to sample the marine environment at White Point Beach in San Pedro, Los Angeles. We geared up, and with the help of our dive instructor, we first swam at the surface around the rugged coastline for about 20 minutes before diving about 30 feet down to the seafloor. The seafloor was composed of mudstone which had been folded by tectonic movement now forming parallel lines. Cracks in the rock allow ground water to flow through in a series of vents. After about 15 minutes we found what we were looking for — hydrothermal vents. In these vents, the water is very hot (about 85 degrees or more) and very rich in hydrogen sulfide. We later found that you could smell the sulfur even at the surface!\nThe seafloor was mostly covered in algae and the occasional large starfish, sea cucumber and anemones, but the vents displayed completely different communities of organisms. And we found what we were looking for, white hair-like filaments swaying in the current, the giant white sulfur eating bacteria that could hold answers to our questions. We sampled the white bacteria for another 30 minutes, finally surfacing above the vent before swimming back to the shore. I took the precious samples back in the RV where we had set up two microscopes.\nMy wife and I spent the next five hours dissecting and sorting the different large sulfur bacteria that I had collected. Our daughter, very interested in these giant microbes, helped us sort them out at the microscope from time to time (between watching cartoons of course). When both your parents are microbiologists, you learn how to hold a Pasteur pipette and look through the eyepieces of a microscope quite early.\nAfter a long day we packed our things and drove further south. That night we slept at a rest area, and managed to reach San Diego in the morning. After a hearty breakfast (and more cartoons), we drove to Carlsbad for a last sampling session in the Batiquitos Lagoon. There are no vents here, but the muddy sediment produces hydrogen sulfide in a relatively quiet body of seawater. Here I found some other large sulfur bacteria growing on sunken wood or seashell debris.\nAfter lunch in the RV and some more work at the microscope, we moved to La Jolla Shores and decided to relax a bit and enjoy the beach together. After equipping our daughter with her first small mask and snorkel, I took her with me in the water. She was so excited, she screamed in her snorkel when she saw small groups of fish passing in front of her. After half an hour in the water she was freezing but happy. She did not want to leave, and repeatedly told me through chattering teeth, “I’m not even cold!” I took her back to her mom and decided to go snorkeling one last time. Right after re-entering the water, I saw a leopard shark passing right in front of me — a befitting end to wind up this unusual family trip.\nBack in the lab…\nWe are now back in the East Bay up in Northern California. The sampling trip was a success — we collected thousands of the giant bacteria we were interested in and we have started analyzing them. One surprise was to find these large bacterial filaments growing not only on rocks but also on living sea snails, covering their shell like a white fur. We will sequence their genome and look at them more closely with laser and electron microscopes to see if we can detect symbiotic associations with other microbes.\nSo while one trip ended, we have just started on this interesting journey of scientific discovery. We may or may not find examples of symbiosis, at least the kind we are looking for, but what continues to amaze me is the incredible beauty and diversity that we have here on Earth. Something that we take for granted, and even one day may disappear because we failed to notice the damage we were causing to the environment. Still, I am an optimist. Today as a society we are all trying our best to rectify such damage — it might take time but we will get there. Meanwhile we will continue our search for the origins of life in the beautiful waters of California, and when we can travel, the southern Caribbean Sea.\nSee video from this journey uploaded to YouTube and stay tuned for the next episode!\nJean-Marie Volland is a scientist specializing in Microbiology and Microscopy at LRC Systems", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.covinapetgrooming.com/flea-tick-care.html", "date": "2015-07-31T17:23:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-32/segments/1438042988310.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20150728002308-00281-ip-10-236-191-2.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.941771388053894, "token_count": 1346, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-32", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-32__0__23764851", "lang": "en", "text": "Flea control is a vital part of pet ownership. You, your family and your pets can be affected by these tiny, blood-sucking pests.\nFleas can make your dog itch and cause considerable discomfort. Because fleas are so tiny, you might not even see them. But an unseen flea can begin feeding on your dog within seconds. And within 24 hours of its first blood meal, a flea can begin laying eggs at a rate of 40 to 50 per day, resulting in an infestation. That's why it's critical to kill fleas quickly, before they can lay eggs.\nAdult fleas are reddish-brown insects with bodies that are compressed, or flattened, from side to side. While visible to the naked eye, they are so small you could line up about eight adult fleas, end-to-end, in one inch. Because fleas are so small, they can be difficult to detect, much less eliminate from your home.\nFleas are wingless, but possess incredible jumping ability. This enables them to jump easily from ground level to “ambush” a pet.\nFleas feed on blood, and female fleas consume about 15 times their body weight each day. Incompletely digested blood is excreted from the flea and dries to form what is commonly referred to as “flea dirt.” This serves as food for developing flea larvae and is one way veterinarians and pet owners can identify an infestation.\nFlea Bath: Our tri-herbal flea shampoo combines three well known herbs in a unique formula to eliminate fleas and ticks in a safe and gentle way.\nFlea Prevention: Kills all stages of fleas, ticks and chewing lice before they lay eggs. Fipronil is released to the skin and coat resulting in a long residual activity. Frontline lasts up to three months on fleas and up to one month on ticks per dose.\nAdvantage® II breaks the flea life cycle at multiple stages. One treatment with Advantage® II kills fleas within 12 hours, before they have time to lay their eggs. Additionally, fleas, flea eggs and flea larvae in the dog’s environment are killed following contact with an Advantage® II treated pet. And a single application of Advantage® II keeps your dog protected for one month.\nWhy worry about fleas?\nFleas can pose a serious problem for your dog's health.\nNot only can fleas make your dog miserable, but depending on his age and overall physical condition, fleas can pose a serious threat to his health.\n- Fleas can cause severe discomfort for dogs, including scratching, chewing, biting and restlessness.\n- Fleas are the source of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD), the most common veterinary dermatological condition.\n- Severe flea infestations can cause anemia, especially in puppies or debilitated adult dogs.\n- Ingested fleas also can transmit tapeworm infection to dogs.\nFleas also raise human public health concerns.\nYour dog isn't the only household resident that can suffer from flea bites. Flea infestations in homes and areas around a home often result in humans being bitten by newly-emerging fleas. You, too, are at risk for health issues, some of which can be serious:\n- Allergic reaction: Usually in the form of small, raised lesions, called papules, that can be red to purple in color. Severity will vary, depending on the severity of the allergy to the flea bite.\n- Tapeworm: Tapeworm (Dipylidium caninum) is generally spread through infected fleas found on both cats and dogs. Ingestion of infected fleas by children can result in tapeworm infection.\n- Typhus: A group of infectious diseases usually resulting in a sustained high fever (typhus fever), headache, delirium and sometimes red rashes. Two kinds are most commonly contracted from flea bites:\n- Flea Typhus. A type of typhus caused by Rickettsia felis, a bacteria first identified in cat fleas.\n- Murine typhus. Another bacterial form of typhus transmitted most commonly by rodent fleas but also by fleas found on dogs.\n- Plague: Rodent fleas that can be acquired by dogs and cats in some areas might be vectors for (carriers of) bubonic plague, Yersinia pestis. These fleas might leave the host to bite humans.\nEveryone knows fleas aren't fun. However, here are some flea facts that will amaze you!\n- Flea fossils date back to the Lower Cretaceous period, meaning fleas have been around for about 100 million years. At that time, fleas may have infested a Tyrannosaurus Rex or Triceratops!\n- Fleas can jump up to 150 times their own length. To put that into perspective, if a human competed in the Olympic long jump with that ability, that athlete would certainly win the gold medal with a gravity-defying 1,000 foot long jump. So they can easily jump onto your pet from the ground, or from another pet.\n- On average, a flea's lifespan is two to three months. However, pre-emerged fleas (those not living on a pet) can survive undisturbed and without a blood meal for more than 100 days.\n- The female flea can lay 2,000 eggs in her lifetime. That means that if all 53 million dogs in the United States each hosted a population of 60 fleas, the U.S. would house more than six trillion flea eggs. Laid end-to-end, those eggs would stretch around the world more than 76 times! It's important to kill fleas before they get a chance to lay eggs. Advantage® II kills fleas within 12 hours. Because it also contains pyriproxyfen, Advantage® II kills all life stages of fleas.\n- The female flea consumes 15 times her own body weight in blood daily.\n- The largest recorded flea is the North American Hystrichopsylla schefferi. Found in beavers, it can measure 12mm in length - almost 1/2-inch!\n- A flea can bite 400 times a day. That's a rate of 4,000 bites a day if your pet has just 10 fleas. YIKES.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.carnisenusa.org/index.php?module=subproyectos&submod=2&lang=uk&tipus=intro", "date": "2014-04-18T18:10:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1397609535095.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20140416005215-00549-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8565558195114136, "token_count": 1778, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-15", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-15__0__192437279", "lang": "en", "text": "Producción y caracterización de los productos que serán objeto de estudia en este subproyecto.Acción 2\nEfecto de los agentes nitrificantes sobre la estabilidad oxidativa y componentes bioactivos.Aciión 3\nEfecto de los nitritos añadidos sobre el color de los productos cárnicos crudos curados.Acción 4\nEfecto del descenso del nitrito y nitrato añadidos sobre el nivel de N-nitrosaminas.Acción 5\nIdentificación y cuantificación de compuestos volátiles componentes del aroma de productos cárnicos.\nEfecto del nivel de nitratos i nitritos en la microbiota típica de los embutidos y estudio de la posible presencia de patógenos.\nRepercusión de la disminución de los niveles de nitratos y nitritos en la calidad sensorial de los productos cárnicos crudos curados\nEstudio del ratio de penetración de sales nitrificadas.Acción 9\nProposals to improve the abiotic safety of raw-cured meat products\nNitrates and nitrites have been traditionally added to meat products for various purposes such as inhibiting spoilage and potentially pathogenic microorganisms, providing the stable, bright red-pink colour that characterizes cured meat, and contributing to the achievement of its characteristic aroma and flavour. Meat conservation methods in Food Technology are based on decreasing pH and aw together with the addition of nitrate and nitrite.\nResidual nitrite can favour the production of nitrosamines (Pegg & Shahidi, 2000), which implies a direct effect of the nitrifier agents on the abiotic safety of meat products. Nitrite reacts with some meat components and total nitrite content decreases throughout the stages of processing, conservation, preparation and consumption. The transformations that nitrites and/or nitrates undergo during the preparation of a whole piece of meat, such as dry-cured ham, are complex and depend on the diffusion rate from the surface to the inner part of the ham, which is the more critical zone (Arnau et al., 1995; Arnau et al., 2003). Increasing the knowledge on the reduction of nitrite levels (rate and extension) is of great interest both for product stability (colour, lipid oxidation, etc.) and consumers’ health.\n1. Antimicrobial activity of nitrite\nNitrite is very important for microbial safety of cured products because inhibits the growth of Clostridium botulinum and Salmonella spp.. Microbial safety and stability of raw-cured meat products is improved by the combination of nitrite with other hurdles added during the manufacturing process such as the redox potential, starter cultures activity, pH and aw (Leistner, 1992). However, the addition of nitrite (and nitrate, which is reduced to nitrite), along with the use of sodium chloride are critical in the first stages of the maturating process (Leistner, 1995).\nReducing nitrate and/or nitrite levels in meat products may lead to changes in the growth of technological flora (lactic acid bacteria and cocci gram+ catalase+) due to more abundant and competitive microbiota; the growth of pathogenic microorganisms that are inhibited by nitrites and the development of other microorganisms.\n2. Nitrate and nitrite effect on the sensory attributes\nAroma is a sensory attribute strongly linked to quality in cured meat products because it conveys the condition of the product and triggers acceptance or rejection by consumers. An appealing colour is very important for the purchase decision, i.e. in cured ham. The use of nitrate and nitrite has great impact on cured meat characteristic colour due to nitrosyl myoglobin pigment formation (Pegg & Shahidi, 1997). However, its influence on aroma has not yet been established because the aroma development is very complex due to the great number of reactions involved (Ordoñez et al., 1999; Toldrá & Flores, 1998). Nitrates and nitrites affect lipolysis and the degradation of amino acids to aromatic compounds (Olesen et al., 2004; Stahnke, 1995).\nReducing the amount of nitrifying agents can change cured meat product aroma, flavour, colour and even texture, leading to low sensory quality products (Wirth, 1993; Lücke, 1998), which could affect consumers’ acceptability. In non-nitrified long maturated hams, e.g. the Parma ham, a pink stable colour can be obtained (Wakamatsu et al., 2004a,b; Parolari et al., 2005). However, their sensory characteristics differ from the ones typical of the Serrano ham (Dirinck et al., 1997). Excessive oxidation (unwanted) has sometimes been observed under the external bones in Spanish hams and shoulders due to a defective nitrification combined with a microaerophile environment (Arnau, not published results).\n3. Nitrate and nitrite effect on the abiotic safety\nThe use of nitrites and nitrates is controversial given its potential risk of producing significant amounts of N-nitroso compounds: nitrosamines and nitrosamides, which have proven carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects (Hecht, 1997; Martínez et al., 2000a,b). Nitrosamines are the most relevant group and are formed from the reaction of compounds derived from nitrites, such as nitrous acid, with secondary amines mostly (Belitz and Grosch, 1997). Given the presence of amines in meat and the addition of nitrites and nitrates during its manufacturing process, this reaction is common in cured meat products. Different amino acids such as proline, hydroxiproline, sarcosine, glycine, alanine, proline, ornithine act as precursors of nitrosamines. Thermal treatments favour the formation of nitrosamines from such precursors, depending on the selected time and cooking temperature (Cassens, 1997; Antón & Lisazo, 2003).\nOn the one hand, the use of nitrates and nitrites has an anti-oxidant effect on meat products. Their reduction could increase the product oxidation level, affecting food nutritional and sensorial qualities, as well as safety, given the increase of radicals and compounds derived from oxidation of both lipids and proteins. On the other, nitrite reduction may contribute to a drop in the formation of nitrosamines and other N-nitroso compounds.\n4. Current dilemma regarding nitrates and nitrites\nThe amount of nitrates and nitrites allowed in the current European legislation for meat products was considered excessive given the risk of nitrosamine formation. Reducing or avoiding their use in the food industry was regarded as a possibility, and as a consequence, the Directive was reconsidered. A study from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, 2003) on nitrate and nitrite safety on meat products concluded that:\ni) there is no simple and direct relationship between the ingoing and the residual amounts of nitrites and nitrates.ii) nitrite contributes to microbial safety, however, there is no clear evidence of how the residual amount of nitrite contributes to prevent the growth of Clostridium botulinum.iii) the following new levels were proposed to provide a protective effect against microbial hazards: 50-100 ppm for most products and 50-150 ppm for low salt content and prolonged shelf-life products. It was also proposed that the current “indicative ingoing amount” of nitrite and nitrate should be “maximum ingoing amount”.\nConsequently, the permitted nitrate and nitrite levels have been changed in the new European Directive (2006/52/CE). This will affect cured products, especially Spanish typical products such as cured ham and fermented sausages. The Spanish meat industry should be prepared to face these changes and future modifications in the legislation and be able to continue producing top quality and safe products.\nGranja Camps i Armet s/n, 17121 Monells (Girona)\nT. 972 630 052 · T. 972 630 980", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://hs-biology-ib11.ism-online.org/2014/02/20/option-e-neurobiology-behaviour/", "date": "2018-08-21T09:47:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221218101.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20180821092915-20180821112915-00391.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8869067430496216, "token_count": 231, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-34__0__17742802", "lang": "en", "text": "Here is the syllabus guide for this topic. Option E – syllabus guide\nThe first section is all about stimulus and response, so we’ll recap a bit of the nervous system, particularly the stuff on reflex arcs. We’ll then move on to explain how animal responses can be affected by natural selection. You need to investigate two examples of this. You can use the blackcap bird (Sylvia atricapilla) as one, and any other of your choosing.\nMoving on to perception of stimuli, we’ll study both the eye and the ear. You need to be able to label a diagram like this one: Eye diagram We’ll then do a dissection so you can identify the parts properly.\nYou will also have to:\n- annotate a diagram of the retina to show cell types and direction of light movement\n- compare rods and cones\n- explain the processing of visual stimuli (edge enhancement and contralateral processing)\nWe’ll then move on to the ear, and you will need to be able to label a diagram and explain how sound is perceived.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bffr.ru/method-of-radioactive-dating-16993.html", "date": "2021-05-09T17:15:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243989006.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20210509153220-20210509183220-00089.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.92909836769104, "token_count": 305, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__118765939", "lang": "en", "text": "Method of radioactive dating\nSecond, it is possible to determine the numerical age for fossils or earth materials.\nNumerical ages estimate the date of a geological event and can sometimes reveal quite precisely when a fossil species existed in time.\nFor example, based on the primate fossil record, scientists know that living primates evolved from fossil primates and that this evolutionary history took tens of millions of years.\nBy comparing fossils of different primate species, scientists can examine how features changed and how primates evolved through time.\n\" First, the relative age of a fossil can be determined.\nRelative dating puts geologic events in chronological order without requiring that a specific numerical age be assigned to each event.\nThis is the principle of original horizontality: layers of strata are deposited horizontally or nearly horizontally (Figure 2).\nThus, any deformations of strata (Figures 2 and 3) must have occurred after the rock was deposited.\nAccordingly, the oldest rocks in a sequence are at the bottom and the youngest rocks are at the top.\nThe layers of rock at the base of the canyon were deposited first, and are thus older than the layers of rock exposed at the top (principle of superposition).\nIn the Grand Canyon, the layers of strata are nearly horizontal.\nLayers that cut across other layers are younger than the layers they cut through (principle of cross-cutting relationships).\nThe principle of superposition builds on the principle of original horizontality.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://libcal.uky.edu/event/4096355", "date": "2019-01-16T05:26:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583656897.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20190116052151-20190116074151-00301.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9143082499504089, "token_count": 254, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__70366016", "lang": "en", "text": "Lilacs - Gardener's Toolbox Class - Fayette County\nFayette County Extension Service\n1140 Harry Sykes Way\nOld fashioned lilacs are some of the most beloved, fragrant and spectacularly showy shrubs…..for about two weeks. Unfortunately, that leaves us with a large nondescript plant for another 50 weeks each year. Newer varieties feature smaller flowers on compact plants that bloom for most of the summer. We will cover all types of lilacs from small dwarf varieties to 40 foot trees. We will address failure to bloom and disease prevention. Take home small plants of an improved variety to plant at home. Cost: $10.00.\nSign up early for classes to avoid being turned away because class is full. ALL classes, including the “Free” ones are “PRE-REGISTRATION” only. If you need to cancel, you must do so 2 weeks prior to the class time to receive a refund or credit for a different class. If handouts and/or plants are not picked up 3 days after class, items will be donated. Click on the link below for registration form.\n- Tuesday, April 17, 2018\n- 6:30pm - 7:30pm", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://enjoyvitalitywellness.com/healthy-wave-%26-lenyo-mats", "date": "2023-12-03T07:05:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100489.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203062445-20231203092445-00087.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9112594723701477, "token_count": 771, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__74649160", "lang": "en", "text": "***Our Encinitas EESystem is now OPEN! Schedule below or call (760) 815-1845\nHealthy Wave™ Mats are a complete 5-therapy wellness solution. They harness key therapies including far infrared heat, PEMF therapy (pulsed electromagnetic field therapy), red light therapy, negative ions, and natural crystal healing energy. These therapies work synergistically together to provide a relaxing and therapeutic experience.\nLenyo's Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field Mats are the elite technology in the field of PEMF, supporting cellular wellness and natural healing.\nEnjoy sessions at Vitality or from the comfort of your own home (options for rent or purchase).\nDuring each session, extremely low-intensity PEMF signals safely stimulate cells and create gentle, electro-magnetic field changes that fine-tune the body’s self-regulation and healing process. It is the body’s natural self-healing signals that deal with any difficulties or dysfunctions affecting cells, tissues, organs and body systems.\nPEMF frequencies deliver targeted electro-magnetic signals to the cells using very specific communication channels. As these signals pass through and “speak” to the cells, they trigger the body to restore communication breakdowns in those specific channels. Once the communication paths are cleared, the body can then efficiently regulate and process the electrical and chemical exchanges associated with those channels. The body can once again be in it’s ‘natural state’ of well-being and balance.\nMany of the biggest challenges we experience with our health have to do with factors that are not readily apparent. Factors such as the constant exposure to wifi signals, the habit of carrying cell phones with us everywhere we go, using computers for long hours at work, and not getting healthy frequencies from the earth because of man-made surfaces that block them. These factors disrupt the cellular communication pathways in our bodies, causing a wide variety of chronic problems. In today’s world, many of these factors can’t be avoided, but that doesn’t mean there isn’t a solution. Welcome to Lenyo!\nPEMF/Bio-Regulation Wellness is a non-invasive, holistic approach to health and well-being that uses advanced electromagnetic pulse therapy technology and the body’s own internal communication system to help restore balance, increase energy, accelerate healing and maintain overall wellness.\nOf the numerous wellness systems available, we have chosen the “LENYO Lux Plus”, with 136 therapeutic wellness programs to choose from. Each of the programs have an additional 30 – 85 sub-programs built in that target specific “cellular communication channels”, enhancing the effectiveness of the therapy by leveraging synergistically working tissues and addressing a majority of the body’s most common imbalances and conditions.\nBelow is a concise list of PEMF (Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field Therapy) and magnetism studies published in peer-reviewed scientific publications. However, there are over 2,000 studies done with this technology, many of which were double-blind, placebo-controlled studies and most of them show a greater percentage of benefits versus the control group. This list demonstrates the potential of PEMFs but it is not a complete list of potential benefits.\nFor specific areas of interest, you can search www.pubmed.com. PubMed is a free database accessing primarily the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics. The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) maintains the database.\nThe following list has been alphabetized for connivence. Each PDF can be downloaded and printed out.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.etihadaviationgroup.com/en-ae/home-corporate/newsroom/2018/Apr/etihad-cargo/Etihad-Cargo-and-IFHC-transport-vulnerable-and-endangered-birds-to-their-natural-habitats.html", "date": "2020-05-29T18:59:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347406365.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20200529183529-20200529213529-00203.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9392969012260437, "token_count": 760, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__59709508", "lang": "en", "text": "Etihad Cargo and IFHC transport vulnerable and endangered birds to their natural habitats\n- Abu Dhabi partnership sees thousands of Houbara bustards transported in last three years\nEtihad Cargo and the International Fund for Houbara Conservation (IFHC), one of the world’s leading conservation programmes, have recently transported a shipment of more than 100 vulnerable Houbara bustards for release into their natural habitats. In the past three years, the partnership between the two organisations has led to the successful relocation and integration into the wild of more than 3,000 Houbara across the world.\nThe venture, which is part of the Sheikh Khalifa Houbara Reintroduction Programme, began in 2014, when the two organisations signed a partnership agreement. In 2017 alone, more than 2,000 birds were transported safely to countries in Asia and North Africa, which have more hospitable environments, thereby increasing the birds’ long-term survival.\nThe Houbara are bred in centres in Abu Dhabi managed by IFHC and then released into their natural habitat in countries across the world. IFHC has developed protocols based on ground breaking ecology on the breeding and release of the Houbara, and every release site is studied to ensure the birds have the optimal chance of survival.\nJustin Carr, Vice President of Etihad Cargo, said, “Our motto is ‘From Abu Dhabi to the world’ and it is literally the case with our partnership with IFHC. It is an honour to be able to safely transport the Houbara to countries where they can thrive, and play a small part in Abu Dhabi’s project of restoring this iconic species in the wild. Etihad Cargo has a strong record of safely transporting animals around the world – be it returning vulnerable or endangered species to their natural habitat or reuniting pets with their families.”\nCommenting on the partnership, Mohammed Saleh Al Baidani, Director-General of IFHC, said: “The range of the Houbara stretches from Morocco to Mongolia, so it is critical that we are able to move the birds from Abu Dhabi to countries across the species’ range safely and securely. Etihad Cargo has proved itself in terms of destinations and security, and together we are helping restore the iconic Houbara to countries where it has been in historic decline. It is another example of how Abu Dhabi is leading the way, both in conservation and commerce.”\nAbu Dhabi’s Houbara programme was initiated over 40 years ago by the late Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the Founding Father of the UAE, to restore sustainable wild populations of the species to the areas of the world where they were under threat of extinction. In that time, it has developed into the world’s leading Houbara conservation programme. Etihad Cargo receives the Houbara at the Live Animals facility at Abu Dhabi International Airport. The climate in the aircraft hold is adjusted to the ideal level to ensure the birds’ comfort during the flight. As is standard when transporting live animals, the Houbara are the last to be loaded onto the aircraft and the first to be offloaded.\nIn 2016, Etihad Airways signed the Buckingham Palace Declaration, as a demonstration of support for the prevention of trade in illegal wildlife. The UAE is signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and the airline provides the necessary support to help ensure that wildlife controlled under CITES is not carried unless the necessary paperwork is in order. While the transport of Houbara is usually prohibited under CITES, permission is granted on this occasion in support of an official conservation programme.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.equestrianlifemagazine.co.uk/the-laminitis-revolution-unmissable-viewing-for-owners-struggling-with-laminitis/", "date": "2020-05-26T00:41:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347390437.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20200525223929-20200526013929-00364.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9153525233268738, "token_count": 703, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__27447075", "lang": "en", "text": "One of the country’s leading experts in laminitis, the veterinary surgeon David Rendle from the Liphook Equine Hospital in Hampshire, is presenting a live online broadcast on how the veterinary profession’s understanding of this debilitating and devastating disease has been completely revolutionised over the past five years. As a result of new research, owners battling with laminitis have a real opportunity to shape a positive future for their horse, avoiding further painful episodes.\n“Historically laminitis has been viewed as solely a nutritional problem, frequently occurring as a result of horses grazing lush pasture,” explains David. “However, recent studies indicate that 90% of horses develop laminitis due to an underlying hormonal disease such as Equine Cushing’s Disease or Equine Metabolic Syndrome, and the ingestion of sugars, for example in lush pasture, may just be a trigger factor for laminitis in horses with these diseases.”\nThe online broadcast characterises Equine Cushing’s Disease and Equine Metabolic Syndrome and offers practical tips and advice on the diagnosis, treatment and management required to help prevent laminitis in horses with these conditions. Central to this is the importance of testing all horses and ponies with laminitis for these hormonal diseases so that veterinary surgeons are fully informed about how to treat and manage the horse in the future.\n“Unless the underlying cause of the laminitis is addressed, horses will continue to be at risk of painful recurrent episodes which is a significant welfare issue to the horse and extremely frustrating for owners. As our knowledge of the two hormonal diseases responsible for the majority of cases of laminitis improves, veterinary surgeons can offer their clients more comprehensive advice on treatment options to prevent laminitis. For many owners who have struggled with this condition, this is an absolute relief and revelation,” continues David Rendle.\nTaking place at 8.00pm on Wednesday 10 April, the online broadcast is part of the nationwide ‘Talk About Laminitis’ disease awareness initiative, supported by the British Horse Society, World Horse Welfare and Redwings. The broadcast is an absolute must for owners of laminitis prone horses looking to help prevent further suffering or irreversible damage to feet. The programme will run for one hour including an interactive Q&A session when you will be able to email in questions for David Rendle to answer live. To register to view the online programme, visit www.talkaboutlaminitis.co.uk.\nFree laboratory fees\nDuring the ‘Talk About Laminitis’ campaign, which runs from April until the end of June, Boehringer Ingelheim is offering free laboratory fees for the blood test used to detect Cushing’s disease. The initiative is aimed at raising the awareness of the underlying hormonal causes of laminitis, and is supported by Redwings, The British Horse Society and World Horse Welfare.\nTo participate in the free testing scheme, talk to your vet or visit www.talkaboutlaminitis.co.uk to download your free blood test voucher*. If your horse tests positive for Cushing’s, the disease can then be treated and managed appropriately. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical if the crippling changes seen in the feet caused by laminitis are to be avoided.\nFor further information, please contact your veterinary surgeon or visit www.talkaboutlaminitis.co.uk .", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://realfoodrn.com/devastating-effects-adrenal-fatigue/", "date": "2023-05-29T06:51:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644683.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529042138-20230529072138-00604.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9244559407234192, "token_count": 1443, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__120402431", "lang": "en", "text": "The adrenal glands are responsible for producing major hormones that help the body reproduce and adapt to stress. The adrenal glands produce over 50 hormones that are absolutely essential to your health and vitality. When the adrenals get overworked, it creates adrenal fatigue which can be devastating to the body.\nThe adrenal glands are no bigger than a walnut and weigh less than a grape, yet they produce some of the most important compounds in the body. Of the many different hormones secreted by the adrenals, you have steroid hormones such as adrenalin, cortisol, aldosterone, estrogen and testosterone.\nStress hormones are more critical than sex hormones:\nThe adrenal glands help regulate the body’s ability to adapt to stress, and they also produce hormones that regulate reproduction. The caveat is that adapting to stress overrides reproduction. Adapting to stress is critical for immediate survival, and that is the first priority. Once our physiology understands that we are not under an environmental threat, it will focus its energy on reproductive hormones.\nThe major stress hormones are cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones help increase energy, increase blood sugar levels and speed up circulation and respiration to help the body survive through fight or flight.\nThe major sex hormones produced by the adrenals are estrogen, progesterone and testosterone. These are all critical for growth, metabolism, strength, endurance, mental drive, menstrual function and reproductive ability.\nThe master compound that is used by the body to produce cortisol and progesterone is called pregnenolone. Pregnenolone can create cortisol, progesterone or DHEA. DHEA is used by the body to produce testosterone and estrogen. When the body is under chronic stress, there is a high demand to produce cortisol, which reduces the amount of progesterone and DHEA that is produced.\nWhat stresses out the adrenal glands?\nThe adrenal glands are meant to adapt the body to stressors. Our body is meant to grow stronger through daily stressors. We should have a natural stress, rest and adaptation cycle that allows the body to effectively acclimate to environmental stimuli. However, when these stressors override our ability to adapt effectively, the body becomes weaker and chronic stress becomes hardwired into our system. This can lead to adrenal fatigue.\nThe adrenal glands are overstressed by a number of different chronic lifestyle factors including the following:\n- Blood sugar imbalances\n- Gut inflammation\n- Food intolerances\n- Nutritional deficiencies\n- Infections (bacterial, fungal or viral)\n- Environmental toxins (pesticides, heavy metals, pollutants, etc.)\n- Physical trauma\n- Bad posture and ligament damage in the spine and joints\n- Constant mental and emotional stress\nStages of adrenal fatigue:\nThe first stage of adrenal activity is called the alarm reaction, which is when the system becomes hyperactive in order to increase cortisol levels to adapt to the demands of stress. This is a healthy survival-based response that everyone encounters throughout a typical day.\nThe second phase is the resistance stage, where the body adapts to prolonged stress. During this phase, the body steals pregnenolone from cholesterol to make more cortisol. This phenomenon is called “pregnenolone steal.”\nUnder normal circumstances, the pregnenolone helps make sex hormones such as progesterone and testosterone. When pregnenolone steal takes place, it leads to hormonal imbalances. Over time, this can cause very serious hormonal problems such as PMS, infertility, male menopause and polycystic ovary syndrome.\nThe third and final phase of adrenal fatigue is the exhaustion phase. This is when the adrenals are so exhausted that they are unable to adapt to stress. All the necessary cofactors to produce cortisol are depleted, so cortisol levels drop. The pregnenolone steal effect stops at this point. The body is unable to produce adequate energy, and fatigue, accelerated aging and breakdown of the body’s protective barriers (skin, blood-brain barrier and gut barrier) are the hallmarks of this particular physiological state.\nBy Dr. David Jockers, source link: Natural News\nCLICK HERE to Pin this post\n6 Replies to “The Devastating Effects of Adrenal Fatigue”\nThank you for writing this. Do you know how to naturally boost progesterone? Thanks!\nYou might try reading this book, it is an amazing book that really deals with everything hormones: https://amzn.to/1axUL1Y\nThank you for your post. I actually was reading about this topic earlier in the week. How does a person know if she is suffering from adrenal fatigue? Would I go to the doctor and ask for my hormone levels to be checked?\n@Shauna- First you will have to find a doctor who believes adrenal fatigue is real. Most mainstream docs think it is a bunch of baloney simply because they didn’t learn about it in school. You will need to google the words bio-identical hormones and then the name of your town. Doctors who prescribe bioidentical hormones have stepped out of their traditional medical training and have done additional research/study on treating ailments with as natural treatments as possible. They recognize the very real symptoms of adrenal fatigue.\nThe very best way to test your adrenals is with a 24 hour saliva test, where you will spit into vials at four separate times during the 24 hours. A blood test would only give you one reading of your cortisol levels, but to diagnose fatigue in the adrenals, a doctor wants to see what your adrenals are doing all day long. Especially first thing in the morning when your cortisol should be the highest (to give you energy to start the day) and lowest at nite so you’ll fall asleep. Unfortunately, many adrenal patients are the exact opposite and have their lowest cortisol in the morning and their highest at nite. A 24 hour saliva test will verify this.\nI’d be happy to help you if you’d like or if you have any questions. Drop me an email (put adrenal fatigue in the subject line so I know not to delete it). My address is: sdhm565 at a o l dot com. Best wishes to you!\nI have been suffering from this for over a year and my doctors look at me like I am crazy and keep referring me to different doctors. One doctor actually told me I just need counseling. I am a single mom of two and work full-time and I feel I am in the exhaustion stage! Please help with any further ideas or recommendations! I feel some days I can’t even get out of bed.\nI believe you! Adrenal fatigue is very real. Keep your head up Mama. Also, pick up this book https://amzn.to/1u1uqgA", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://barder.com/bird-flu-scare-mongering-now-perhaps-later-no/", "date": "2023-12-01T16:43:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100290.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201151933-20231201181933-00358.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.964746356010437, "token_count": 2201, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__28680335", "lang": "en", "text": "Bird flu — scare-mongering? Now perhaps: later, no.\nThere’s unnecessary confusion in the media, especially in television current affairs and newspaper review discussions, over bird flu (rather pompously referred to by some as ‘avian’ flu). The confusion sometimes amounts almost to obfuscation. I’m no expert (as this piece will probably make all too clear), but there seem to be two quite separate dangers, one limited and the other almost unlimited, but both too often rolled by commentators into one, thus exaggerating the first and under-stating the second.\nThe first is the danger that some humans may catch bird flu from contact with an infected bird or its droppings. This would certainly be serious for those catching the disease, for poultry farmers in the affected area(s), and, in the worst case scenario, for consumers of chicken and eggs and other poultry meat, namely almost all of us. But since in our kind of society relatively few people live in such close proximity to potentially infected birds as to be vulnerable to catching the infection from them, and since so far the evidence suggests that very few infected birds — perhaps just one — have so far reached our shores, not many people in Britain could expect to be exposed to major risk, and even if a bird-to-human infection does break out, it ought not to be impossibly difficult to contain it both geographically and in its consequences. There should be, and it seems that there is, advance planning going on to deal with this kind of situation, and it ought not to be exaggerated in order to sell newspapers or television advertising time.\nThe second danger is altogether different. Most scientists with specialised knowledge of these matters tell us that sooner or later (although it’s impossible to predict when) the virus, once caught by a human or humans from a bird (as has happened in several countries in Asia and elsewhere), will mutate into a new virus capable of transferring infection from one human to another: a pandemic. Past experience shows that such a virus, once mutated in this way, will be exceptionally virulent and easily caught, that it will be fatal in a high proportion of cases, that hundreds of thousands of people in Britain alone may die of it within a quite short space of time, and that it will not be possible to produce a single vaccine which would give effective protection against it until the virus has mutated and the first infected people have been identified. Even then, it will be up to four to six months before the vaccine can be developed, mass-produced, and distributed to the most vulnerable groups — by which time very large numbers of people will already have died from it. This is not a current danger, because so far as we know the virus has not yet mutated. It might be many years before the mutation occurs, or it might occur next week. The greater the number of people infected from birds, the likelier it is that the virus will mutate relatively quickly into a version that passes from human to human.\nThe media reaction to the second danger, the pandemic, has generally been first to confuse it with the first danger and then either to pooh-pooh it as scare-mongering, or to dismiss it with a shrug as something that might well be ghastly if it happens, but about which there’s nothing to be done, so that there’s no point in worrying about it. Both reactions seem wrong-headed. If and when the pandemic occurs, it may be difficult to over-state its implications and the numbers and categories of people likely to be affected. Moreover, action can be taken, and is being taken, to minimise the impact of the pandemic by ensuring in advance that drug companies are ready at very short notice to develop the relevant vaccine and to put it very rapidly into mass production for distribution to people most at risk (whether in the UK or overseas), and eventually for a high proportion of the UK population. There is an enormous amount of clear and vital information on the excellent Department of Health Pandemic Flu website, ranging from short summaries of the situation, prospects and measures being taken, in leaflet form, \"Pandemic Flu: Key facts\" (pdf) to an encyclopaedic \"Pandemic Contingency Plan\" with a wealth of scientific, legal, social and medical detail about what is likely to happen and what can (and will have to) be done to minimise the casualties, including wide-ranging restrictions on ordinary social and other activities.\nOne major piece of essential preparation is collaboration with drug companies to minimise the lead time between the start of the pandemic and the availability of a specific vaccine to inhibit its spread and reduce its impact, initially on most vulnerable health and other workers, then on other groups found to be most vulnerable. In the words of the Contingency Plan:\nOnce WHO has recommended that production of a pandemic vaccine proceeds, manufacturers will need to switch from seasonal influenza vaccine production. We are working closely with other countries, the World Health Organization, the European Commission and manufacturers to ensure that a vaccine can be developed as quickly as possible once a pandemic flu strain emerges and to put arrangements in place to ensure production of vaccine for the UK population. … Even with advance work to improve our preparedness for vaccine production, the lead time before a new vaccine becomes available in quantity is likely to be at least 4-6 months. There may be no vaccine initially and then availability will depend on production rates. At the same time, international demand for vaccine will be high. Vaccine will have to be distributed equitably and administered to pre-determined priority groups first, according to nationally agreed recommendations. The Department of Health (England) will lead on purchasing and supplying a pandemic vaccine on behalf of the whole UK, liaising with the devolved administration Health Departments.\nAlready contracts are being drawn up and negotiated with drug companies to ensure that some vaccines and antiviral agents will be available before the pandemic even though their effectiveness will be uncertain until the pandemic virus is isolated and identified:\nThe Department of Health recently announced its intention to purchase 2 million doses of H5N1 vaccine. The vaccine will be suitable for research purposes, and could be offered to frontline healthcare workers if the risk of a pandemic increases. Production capacity: The capacity for vaccine production will depend upon many factors. The overall world-wide manufacturing capacity is based on the demand for annual routine influenza vaccines. This varies considerably between countries. National immunisation policies are based on selective immunisation of identified risk groups. The UK achieves high coverage in the main risk group (those aged 65 and over) and delivers nearly 13 million doses of trivalent influenza vaccine each year (i.e. about 20-25% of the total population).\nBut even with all possible preparatory work, the death toll from the pandemic is likely, on past form, to be extremely severe and perhaps catastrophic, with an immense impact for many years on the survivors world-wide:\nThe mortality worldwide in 1918-19 has been estimated to be upward of 20-40 million. In some areas this reduced life expectancy by around 10 years. In England and Wales, 200,000 excess deaths [i.e. deaths in excess of what would normally be expected] occurred of which 150,000 were ascribed to influenza – just over 3,000 deaths from influenza per million population were recorded in 1918 and 1,170 per million in 1919. In 1957, which was on the whole a milder illness, the global death toll was estimated to be around 2 million. An excess 30,000 deaths occurred in England and Wales of which 6,716 were ascribed to influenza itself. Estimates ranged from 1.3 to 3.5 deaths/1,000 cases. An estimate from 29 general practices was 2.3 deaths per 1,000 cases attended. Two thirds of the deaths were in people aged over 55 years.\nThe evidence so far seems to confirm that everything that can be done is being done. Some of the Contingency Plan’s warnings convey a kind of gallows humour:\nServices such as death registration and funeral directors will have an increased work load.\nDifficult and controversial decisions will have to be made once the pandemic begins, probably initially in a developing country where many people have been infected by birds and where there is little or no capacity for producing or distributing vaccines, even when the new human-to-human virus has been isolated and identified. Effective vaccination of even a fraction of, for example, nearly 130 million Nigerians would be a huge task requiring energetic international action and funding; and the issue of priority as between the provision of scarce vaccines to millions of immediately vulnerable Nigerians and to countries such as the UK which would start to experience the pandemic only later would be intensely difficult to resolve.\nMeanwhile it makes sense to assume the worst and to start to familiarise ourselves with the measures of personal hygiene and social control that will become necessary. That Department of Health website is a very good place to start. But don’t listen to those glib commentators in the press and on television and radio who say that it’s all scaremongering. This is sooner or later going to be a very serious crisis, and possibly a huge catastrophe.\nPandemic: \"Of a disease: Prevalent over the whole of a country or continent, or over the whole world. Distinguished from epidemic, which may connote limitation to a smaller area.\" OED, second ed.\nUpdate: Since writing the piece above, I have read the front-page story in today’s London Sunday Times under the banner headline: Schools will shut in 100,000 flu death fear, credited to the keyboard of the newspaper’s Political Editor, who doesn’t seem to have consulted the Department of Health website, extensively quoted above but not in the Sunday Times, before writing it. Why Mr Cracknell should have singled out the possible closure of schools from among the numerous measures contemplated in the event of a pandemic in order to minimise the spread of the infection is inexplicable, at any rate by me; the DoH Contingency Plan clearly spells out the pros and (weighty) cons of closing schools and rightly concludes that such decisions would have to be taken at the time in the light of circumstances. The same Sunday Times article also seems to confuse antiviral drugs with vaccines. The story seems designed to arouse fear rather than to provide information; or, if not designed with that purpose in mind, likely to have that effect. And on the front page!\nBrian (who belongs to at least three of the most vulnerable groups and is already trying to bag a place in the vaccine queue)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.thestorkconception.co.uk/clinical-data/", "date": "2019-07-17T17:15:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195525355.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20190717161703-20190717183703-00419.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8559272885322571, "token_count": 203, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__92462677", "lang": "en", "text": "The Stork delivers a 3 times higher concentration of sperm score value to the cervix compared to the concentration of sperm at cervix with natural intercourse.*\nGet a higher concentration of sperm closer to the cervix.\nOur post coital study demonstrates on average a 3.23 higher value of sperm concentration at the cervix compared to the value of sperm concentration with natural intercourse, for 85% of study participants.\nDr. Michael J. Pelekanos, Vice Chairman, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Forbes Regional Hospital in Monroeville, PA.\nStudy was performed over a 10-month time period (November 2014-August 2015).\nThis Postcoital Sperm Assessment Study is peer-reviewed and published in the Surgical Technology International, Issue XXII, December 2015.\n* “Postcoital Sperm Assessment Comparative Study.” Michael. J. Pelekanos, MD. Surgical Technology International, XXVII, December 2015.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nerve20.com/hormone-therapy/", "date": "2023-09-25T04:12:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506676.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925015430-20230925045430-00155.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.831703782081604, "token_count": 417, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__69631381", "lang": "en", "text": "Improve Vitality with Advanced Hormone Therapy Treatments\nHormone imbalance can occur at any age, and when your hormones are out of balance, the body takes a hit. At Nerve 2.0, we know you want to continue living your best life, and we offer hormone balancing treatments shown to improve vitality for both women and men. So, if you’re suffering from fatigue, loss of memory, muscle loss or weakness, joint pain, etc., we should talk.\nWhen you choose Nerve 2.0 to achieve hormonal balance, you’ll receive a customized plan specifically crafted for your body. Julie Taylor Zafuto, DNP-C, FNP-C, has trained with top hormone experts who recommend the EvexiPEL method, a pellet system considered a natural alternative to synthetic hormones.\nWho Can Benefit From Hormone Therapy?\nWhile each patient’s individual hormone balance is unique, if you’re experiencing some of the symptoms below, you may be an ideal candidate for hormonal therapy.\nWomen’s Symptoms of Hormone Imbalance\n- Inability to focus and remember things.\n- Mood swings, anxiety, and depression.\n- Stubborn belly fat, weight gain, bloating, and food cravings.\n- Muscle loss and weakness.\n- Cold hands and feet.\n- Saggy, dry, aging skin.\n- Loss of libido, difficulty achieving arousal and orgasm.\n- Infrequent menstrual cycles – or lack of menstrual cycle – prior to menopause.\nMen’s Symptoms of Hormone Imbalance\n- A decline in general well-being.\n- Feeling burned out and past your prime.\n- Loss of muscle strength.\n- Muscle aches, joint pain, and longer recovery time from injuries.\n- Frequent illnesses.\n- Excessive sweating.\n- Loss of libido and inability to achieve or maintain an erection.\n- Fewer morning erections.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://adventureco.com.au/blogs/news/sustainable-wildlife-encounters", "date": "2024-04-24T12:57:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819273.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424112049-20240424142049-00141.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8887893557548523, "token_count": 1091, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__27911636", "lang": "en", "text": "As we tread through Australia's breathtaking landscapes, embracing the thrill of hiking and camping, our hearts often seek to forge a deeper connection with the wild souls that share our enchanting wilderness - the unique and captivating creatures that call our trails and campsites home. Yet, as passionate stewards of the environment, we are called upon to cultivate a sense of responsibility and respect for these denizens of the untamed wild, striving to foster a harmonious balance between our love for exploration and our commitment to wildlife conservation.\nIn this blog series, Adventureco invites you to embark on a journey of discovery, as we delve into the world of sustainable wildlife encounters in hiking and camping adventures. Together, we will uncover the importance of respecting and protecting our environment while interacting with Australia's captivating wildlife, providing practical tips and guidelines for safe, ethical, and fulfilling encounters in the great outdoors.\nFrom embracing the ethics of wildlife observation and adopting eco-friendly camping practices to supporting wildlife conservation efforts and aligning your adventures with conscious consumer choices, Adventureco will guide you on this path of wild harmony, as we explore the delicate co-existence of man and nature in Australia's inspiring wilderness.\nThe Ethics of Wildlife Encounters: Balancing the Desire of Adventure with Environmental Sensitivity\nWild Boundaries: Understanding the Principles Guiding Sustainable Wildlife Encounters\nOur yearning for thrilling adventures and memorable wildlife experiences must be guided by an unwavering commitment to the wellbeing and conservation of Australia's unique species. Consider the following ethical principles as you plan your hiking and camping escapades:\n- Respect Wildlife Space: Maintain a safe and appropriate distance from animals, allowing them to roam undisturbed in their natural habitat.\n- Observe Without Intervention: Contemplate the beauty and wonder of wildlife without interfering in their lives – let nature take its course, unobstructed.\n- Leave No Trace: Practice eco-conscious camping, minimising waste, conserving resources, and ensuring no harm comes to the environment or its inhabitants.\nGuidelines for Safe and Respectful Wildlife Observations During Hiking and Camping Trips\nNature's Code: Practical Tips for Enriching and Responsible Wildlife Encounters\nAdopting the following guidelines for your hiking and camping adventures will help you build meaningful connections with Australia's wildlife while honouring their right to thrive in a protected environment.\n- Educate Yourself: Before setting off on your adventure, familiarise yourself with the wildlife species native to the area and learn how to identify their tracks, sounds, and behaviours.\n- Practice Patience: Deep, lasting connections with nature are often built on patience and persistence; give animals the time and space they need, and you may be rewarded with a truly special encounter.\n- Follow Park Rules and Regulations: Adhere to any guidelines imposed by national parks or nature reserves, as these are often designed to protect both the wildlife living there and the visitors exploring them.\nThe Impact of Eco-Friendly Camping Practices on Wildlife Conservation\nCamping Responsibly: Embracing a Nature-Conscious Approach to Outdoor Adventures\nOur camping practices significantly impact the well-being of the environment and its wildlife. Explore these eco-conscious strategies for your next adventure:\n- Choose Sustainable Gear: Select hiking and camping equipment crafted from eco-friendly materials and sourced from responsible, environmentally-conscious brands.\n- Use Non-toxic Products: Opt for biodegradable soaps and personal care items, and avoid bug sprays containing harmful chemicals that could negatively impact the environment and its inhabitants.\n- Minimise Light and Noise Pollution: Dim your campsite lighting at night to reduce disruption to nocturnal wildlife, and keep noise levels low to avoid startling or distressing animals in the vicinity.\nSupporting Wildlife Conservation Efforts: Aligning Your Adventures with Conscious Consumer Choices\nNature's Guardians: Uniting Adventure and Conservation Through Mindful Choices\nWe have a collective responsibility to support wildlife conservation and align our hiking and camping adventures with eco-conscious consumer choices.\n- Shop Responsibly: Purchase products from sustainable brands that implement ethical sourcing, eco-friendly materials, and transparent manufacturing processes.\n- Give Back to Conservation: Allocate a portion of your budget to support wildlife conservation organisations, volunteer in their initiatives, or donate to relevant campaigns.\n- Share Your Experience and Inspire Others: Inspire fellow travellers by sharing your encounters with Australia's unique wildlife and the steps you took to ensure these experiences were sustainable and issue-driven.\nThe Wild Symphony: Crafting a Harmonious Future of Sustainable Wildlife Encounters in Australia's Enchanting Wilderness\nEmbarking on a journey towards sustainable wildlife encounters in hiking and camping adventures is an ode to our love for nature and our unwavering devotion to protecting its creatures. As we learn to balance our thirst for exploration with a deep sense of respect for Australia's unique wildlife, we pave the path towards a more compassionate and responsible future, where our wild inhabitants can continue to flourish in harmony with mankind.\nTogether with Adventureco, let us embrace this transformative vision of eco-conscious encounters, as we forge ahead in pursuit of wild thrills and awe-inspiring outdoor experiences. By honouring the delicate balance between humans and nature, we create a lasting legacy of wildlife conservation, safeguarding Australia's iconic natural wonders and enchanting landscapes for generations of adventurers to come.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://coastal-aesthetics.com/our-services/botox-dysport-xeomin/", "date": "2021-10-21T23:21:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585449.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20211021230549-20211022020549-00125.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9294788241386414, "token_count": 182, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__3832630", "lang": "en", "text": "Botox, Dysport, and Xeomin are examples of neurotoxin or Botulinum toxin A that are injected into muscles and relax the muscles. From a cosmetic standpoint, the result is either to smooth facial lines caused by the muscle creasing the skin (11’s, forehead, crows feet), decrease muscle bulk (masseters or mentalis) or to decrease the strength of muscles that cause pulling of facial structures or skin (gummy smile or neck bands). Botox has even been studied for depression with results that exceeded the expectations of researchers.\nBotox has been studied and is now being used to treat many medical conditions. The list includes but is not limited to: migraines; overactive bladder; blepharospasm (eye twitching); hyperhidrosis (excess sweating); muscle contractures (torticollis, cerebral palsy; stroke).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.marinaweightloss.com/gastric-bypass/", "date": "2023-09-21T21:26:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506045.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20230921210007-20230922000007-00395.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9401860237121582, "token_count": 907, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__94467731", "lang": "en", "text": "Gastroplication is an operation in which the stomach is sutured in a vertical direction. In particular, on the stomach from the side of the large curvature from the esophageal-gastric junction to the antral section, tightening sutures are applied. As a result of the operation, the lumen of the stomach along its entire length is maximally narrowed. This allows you to limit the intake of food at a time and reduce the number of calories consumed.\nGastroplication is a restrictive intervention to reduce the volume of the stomach to limit the intake of food. This type of intervention also includes surgery to install a bandage on the stomach and sleeve gastroplasty. These operations differ in the way they are performed and have some specific features. However, the principle of operation is the same for everyone.\nThe difference between gastroplication and sleeve gastrectomy lies in the technique of performing the operation. To perform sleeve gastroplasty, an incision of the stomach is made in the vertical direction and part of it is removed. There is an even more significant difference between gastroplication and banding. When banding, no incisions of the organs are made, except for the intersection of the vessels. A ring is placed on the stomach, narrowing its lumen. At the same time, the diameter of the ring can be changed at any time after its installation.\nWeight loss when using gastroplication occurs within a period of one to two years. After that, the body’s metabolism is optimized and the body weight ceases to decrease.\nIt should be noted that gastroplasty is a new method in medical practice, which has not yet been fully studied. The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) recommends that gastroplasty be considered as a subject of scientific research.\nIn total, only a few thousand such operations have been carried out in the world. Therefore, the data on the method of gastroplasty is still not enough to speak with complete confidence about its pros and cons. Meanwhile, various sources claim to reduce weight by 10-80% using this method.\nPatients who are planning to undergo gastroplasty should understand that the method used is not fully understood. They should be informed that the results and consequences of the operation cannot be determined with the necessary accuracy. In addition, patients should be aware that they are taking part in a scientific study.\nResults of gastroplasty\nIndications for gastroplication\nThe indication for the procedure is a body mass index value of more than 35 units.\nThe operation can also be performed on a patient with a BMI of less than 35. In this case, the indication is the presence of a disease caused by excess weight (diabetes mellitus, varicose veins, diseases of the joints of the legs, high blood pressure), as well as a hereditary predisposition to the accumulation of excess weight or diabetes.\nAnother group of patients who are recommended for gastroplication is those who can not adhere to the new rules in the diet or can not regularly come to medical control (as in the case of gastric banding, when it is necessary to visit a specialist twice a month).\nIt should be noted that according to statistics, gastroplication gives higher results in patients with a BMI of up to 40 units.\nContraindications to gastroplication\nThe age of the patient is under 18 years and over 60 years.\nSerious diseases of the cardiovascular system, lungs.\nDiseases of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum: severe esophagitis, esophageal varicose veins, gastritis, duodenitis, gastric ulcer and (or) duodenal ulcer. In the presence of these diseases, their conservative treatment is carried out first of all. Only after the chronic diseases go into a state of persistent remission, it will be possible to perform gastroplication.\nPortal hypertension and / or cirrhosis of the liver.\nAlcoholism, drug addiction.\nIf the patient is prescribed a constant intake of steroid hormonal drugs.\nA chronic infection in the body.\nAutoimmune diseases of the connective tissue (rheumatism, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.examw.com/catti/kycj/moniti/656993/", "date": "2023-12-09T02:29:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100781.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209004202-20231209034202-00573.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7521182298660278, "token_count": 647, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__42324648", "lang": "en", "text": "Millions of people who have had Covid-19 still face a higher risk of neurological and psychiatric conditions, including brain fog, dementia and psychosis, two years after their illness, compared with those who have had other respiratory infections, according to the single largest study of its kind.\nThey also face an increased risk of anxiety and depression, the research suggests, but this subsides within two months of having Covid-19. Over two years the risk is no more likely than after other respiratory infections. The findings are published in the Lancet Psychiatry journal.\nAlmost 600m Covid-19 cases have been recorded worldwide since the start of the pandemic, and there has been growing evidence that people who survive the disease face increased risks of neurological and psychiatric conditions.\nPrevious studies have found that people face higher risks of several neurological and mental health conditions in the first six months after infection. Until now, however, there has been no large-scale data examining the risks over a longer time period. The new study, by the University of Oxford and the National Institute for Health and Care Research Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, analysed 1.28m Covid-19 cases over two years.\nDr Max Taquet, who led the analyses at the University of Oxford, said: “The findings shed new light on the longer-term mental and brain health consequences for people following Covid-19 infection.”\nThe study found that in adults the risk of depression or anxiety increased after Covid-19 but returned to the same as with other respiratory infections within about two months.\nHowever, the risk of some other neurological and mental health conditions remained higher after Covid-19 than for other respiratory infections at the end of the two-year follow-up.\nAdults aged 64 and under who had Covid-19 had a higher risk of brain fog (640 cases per 10,000 people) compared with those who had other respiratory infections (550 cases per 10,000 people).\nIn those aged 65 and over who had Covid-19, there was a higher occurrence of brain fog (1,540 cases per 10,000 people), dementia (450 cases per 10,000 people) and psychotic disorders (85 cases per 10,000 people) compared with those who previously had a different respiratory infection (1,230 cases per 10,000 for brain fog, 330 cases per 10,000 for dementia and 60 cases per 10,000 for psychotic disorder).\nLike adults, children recovering from Covid-19 were more likely to be diagnosed with some conditions, including seizures and psychotic disorders.\nMore neurological and psychiatric disorders were seen during the Delta variant wave than with the prior Alpha variant. The Omicron wave was linked with similar neurological and psychiatric risks as Delta.\nProf Paul Harrison, who led the study at the University of Oxford, said: “It is good news that the excess of depression and anxiety diagnoses after Covid-19 is short-lived, and that it is not observed in children. However, it is worrying that some other disorders, such as dementia and seizures, continue to be more likely diagnosed after Covid-19, even two years later.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://uyirorganic.online/blogs/news/how-things-will-change-the-way-you-approach-essential-fatty-acids-1", "date": "2023-09-26T08:05:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510179.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926075508-20230926105508-00818.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9431191682815552, "token_count": 1027, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__198128382", "lang": "en", "text": "Essential fatty acids’ benefits, foods, and deficiencies are elucidated in this article. All body functions rely on fatty acids for proper operation, and essential fatty acids can only be obtained through diet. Today's culture places a high value on a healthy diet and a slimmer waistline. Remember, just because you lose weight doesn't mean you're eating better. Many people think that cutting out fat from one's diet is the only way to slim down. Due to the fact that specific types of lipids are essential to a healthy body, this might be dangerous. Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) are the name given to these important fats, and as your body can't generate them on its own, they must come from your food. Linoleic Acid (LA), aka omega-6 and Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA), aka omega-3, are the two major EFAs for human beings. It aids in monitoring blood clotting: Omega-6 fatty acids increase the production of blood clots, whereas Omega-3 oil decreases blood clot formation. A healthy ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids is preferred. It helps to keep the thyroid and adrenal glands working properly.\nSources of Essential fatty acids\nEssential fatty acids are abundant in some diets. Flaxseed oil, soybean oil, walnut oil, tofu, walnuts, canola oil, mustard oil, flaxseeds, and chia seeds are all plant sources of omega-3s also known as ALAs.\nDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are omega-3 fatty acids found in animals. Fish oil, sardines, swordfish, salmon, anchovies, herring, sea bass, mackerel, and tuna are all good sources of DHA. EPA sources include sablefish, trout, shad, salmon, herring, menhaden, wolffish, and halibut.\nSunflower oil, soybean oil, Brazil nuts, walnuts, chia seeds, maize oil, almonds, canola oil, safflower oil, and hazelnuts are all good sources of omega-6s, also known as LAs. Omega-3 essential fatty acid supplements are widely used, such as cod liver oil, krill oil, and fish oil. Algal oil, a plant-based omega-3 supplement derived from algae, is a good option for people who don't consume fish. Essential fatty acids’ benefits entail the development of strong cell membranes. It is necessary for cholesterol transfer and breakdown.\nBenefits of Essential fatty acids\nExperts recommend that Omega-6 FAs make up between 3% and 5% of total calories, whereas Omega-3 FAs make up between.5% and 1% of total calories. This equates to around 12 g of Omega-6 plus 3 g of Omega-3 in a 2000-calorie diet. Essential fatty acids’ benefits comprise the control of liver function, blood pressure, and immunological and inflammatory responses, among other aspects. Maintaining healthy skin and fostering appropriate eye and cognitive development in infants and children are other critical functions of fat. Seafood's nutritional content is especially important during pregnancy, early childhood, and early adolescence. According to research, people who ingest omega-3s daily are less prone to depression. Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may benefit from omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. The supplement helps children focus and calm their agitated, impulsive, and aggressive tendencies. For persons with metabolic syndrome, omega-3 fatty acids can offer a wide range of advantages. Insulin resistance can be reduced, inflammation can be diminished, and numerous cardiovascular risk factors can be improved with their use.\nDeficiency of Essential fatty acids\nEssential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) is uncommon, particularly among those who eat a diverse diet. EFAD can be caused by a variety of diseases that alter absorption or metabolism. A dry, scaly rash, slowed growth, poor wound healing, and hair loss are all symptoms of EFAD. Essential fatty acids’ benefits include how well the nervous system and brain grow and work. It is vital for maintaining healthy skin and hair, as well as hormone production. A doctor will undertake a medical examination to see if an individual has EFAD and check for dried, scaly skin symptoms. They may also inquire about wound repair, development, and infection vulnerability. Physicians may do medical tests to assess liver and kidney efficiency as well as monitor essential fatty acid levels. If someone is diagnosed with EFAD, their doctor may advise them to consume a diet high in vegetable oils, nut butter, and oily seafood. They could also recommend an injectable liquid emulsion made up of soybean oil and some other fatty acid substances. Because a vegetarian diet is inherently low in fat, EFA-rich foods should be mindfully consumed as a part of your healthy lifestyle.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.silverspoonsnutrition.co/single-post/2016/06/10/Fighting-Chronic-Inflammation", "date": "2020-11-28T10:21:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141195417.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20201128095617-20201128125617-00703.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9173811674118042, "token_count": 661, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__176079561", "lang": "en", "text": "“Chronic Inflammation” has been a buzz term for the past several years. This type of inflammation is often the villain behind obesity, type II diabetes, heart disease and even Alzheimer’s. However, inflammation isn’t all bad. It’s quite a paradox, actually.\nA certain amount of inflammation is needed to fight an injury or infection within the body, but at the same time, the body often doesn’t know when to pull the troops back. The result? A chronically inflamed state.\nLiving in a state of chronic inflammation negatively affects our gut health, which is vital to keeping us well and balanced. In fact, according to Ayurvedic medicine (Indian philosophy of medicine) the measure of one’s health can be based solely on their digestive health. And, as a practitioner of integrative functional nutrition- I have to agree!\nNo matter how “healthy” one’s diet or lifestyle may be- we all suffer from inflammation on some level. It can come from stress, lifestyle, smoking, too much exercise, our environment and, of course, diet. We can’t always control the external contributors to inflammation but we can control what we eat and try our best to manage stress. Below are some recommendations on how to reduce inflammation in your body.\nStress management! I can’t stress this enough (pun intended). Stress is inevitable, but how we react to stress is the deciding factor in whether or not we send our bodies into a tailspin. Find ways to de-stress and use what works for you. I have mentioned meditation and breathing can help counteract inflammation. Check out this former blog post, highlighting ways to create a meaningful morning practice which can help set your day up for success.\nYour diet is also a biggie (obviously). The foods we eat can contribute to inflammation.\nKeep your diet rich in the following:\nWhole Foods (avoid the processed junk)\nFruits and Vegetables (must be the largest part of your intake)\nPhytonutrients (have I mention fruits and vegetables before?)\nFiber (SO great for your gut health)\nGut health is extremely important. We need to be kind to the inner microflora. Our gut is responsible for regulating our immune system and can be the largest cause of inflammation in the body. When we neglect our inner microbiota (i.e. not feeding enough plant fiber) our weight, digestive habits and our immune system can go haywire.\nTo grow a healthy inner garden, use the food listed above and don’t forget to implement your stress management techniques. Additionally, any of the recipes you will find here on Silver Spoons Nutrition will help your inner microflora. Treat your gut well and it will reciprocate!\nStay tuned to the SSN blog for more info on gut health and how to avoid or cope with “leaky gut” syndrome.\nWe want to hear from you! What do you do to fight inflammation? We could all use a little bit of help and we learn best from each other. Share with #SilverSpoonsNutrition on Facebook, Instagram and/or Twitter!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://longislandconservancy.org/2023/10/16/native-wildflower-garden/", "date": "2024-03-04T18:38:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476464.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304165127-20240304195127-00305.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9611066579818726, "token_count": 744, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__195819092", "lang": "en", "text": "On Monday, October 9th, on Indigenous Planting Day (formerly Columbus Day), The Long Island Conservancy planted a native wildflower garden at The Meadow Croft Estate in Sayville – Bayport. On Indigenous Planting Day, students and parents will have a day out together in nature, to plant in the fall for the following spring. It is a day to volunteer, to give the plants a head start, to put our gardens to bed.\nThe Long Island Conservancy brought a team of seven and $2500 in native plants for “The Roosevelt Wildflower Garden.”\nThe plants chosen for our native wildflower garden were predominately ecotypes — not only native, but native to Long Island in particular.\nMuch thanks goes to Long Island Natives, Long Island’s premiere wholesale grower of native plants, for supporting this native wildflower garden project. It is fair to say that supplying the landscaping industry with native plants in volume and with quality, they have done more to ‘rewild’ Long Island than any other company.\nWe were joined by several volunteers from SUNY Farmingdale. With them, we were able to finish the planting in three hours. Securing the garden from the deer took a bit longer. No sooner than we had finished planting than a family of deer came peeking around in broad daylight, no doubt drawn by the smell of the native plants.\nUp went the fence, and so far there have been no breaches.\nPreviously, The Long Island Conservancy planted a column of eleven Red Maples along the western entrance to the estate, the goal being to take up water and to shade out invasive phragmites as they grow.\nOur stewardship of The Meadow Croft Estate is ongoing. We are committed to establishing an American Chestnut orchard as we work to return this all but extinct, but magnificent tree, as part of a breeding program instituted by SUNY School of Environmental Science and Forestry. See We Will Restore The American Chestnut.\nWe are dedicated to teaching visitors to The Meadow Croft Estate about our native plants and why they are important for local wildlife. We will be adding QR codes for each native wildflower so we can start to relearn what was common knowledge just a hundred years ago — the names of everything. Once we start to know what we are looking at again, we have a chance at saving it.\nOn the other hand, once we get over our “plant blindness,” and recognize how our parks and public spaces are being overrun by invasive plants — and The Meadow Croft Estate has it’s share — we can begin to remove them at scale. Read about our Dirty Dozen Campaign against invasive plants here.\nFor a brilliant write up of the effort to restore this tree, and the potential implications of that, especially for indigenous peoples, I highly recommend this post from Grist: The American Chestnut is Coming Back: Who is it for?\nFinally, I would be remiss if I didn’t mention what an absolute jewel The John Roosevelt is being carved into, thanks to the passionate restoration work at The Meadow Croft Estate, led by Mary Bailey of The Bayport-Bluepoint Heritage Association. She has long been an advocate of restoring the grounds as well as the interiors of the estate.\nTours of The Meadow Croft Estate continue on Weekends 2-4 through October. Their Christmas showing in early December is not to be missed. Then there’s Loughlin’s Vineyard, 16 acres carved out of the estate for the former caretaker, and is open on weekends as well.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.pearlandcardiovascular.com/articles/general/958448-echocardiography", "date": "2024-04-23T22:54:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818835.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423223805-20240424013805-00409.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.892371654510498, "token_count": 1124, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__60362521", "lang": "en", "text": "Echocardiography, a non-invasive imaging technique, has revolutionized the field of cardiology by providing detailed insights into the structure and function of the heart. In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the fundamentals of echocardiography, its various types, applications, and its invaluable role in cardiovascular diagnosis and management.\nEchocardiography, often called an \"echo,\" employs sound waves to create detailed images of the heart's chambers, valves, and surrounding structures. It is a pivotal diagnostic tool that allows healthcare providers to assess cardiac function, identify abnormalities, and guide treatment decisions.\nTypes of Echocardiography: Tailoring Imaging to Clinical Needs\n- Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE): The most common type, TTE involves placing the transducer on the chest to obtain images through the chest wall. It provides a comprehensive view of the heart's structure and function.\n- Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE): A specialized probe is passed through the esophagus in TEE, providing a closer and more precise view of the heart. This method is often employed for more detailed assessments and during specific procedures.\n- Doppler Echocardiography: Doppler technology measures the direction and speed of blood flow within the heart and blood vessels. It is beneficial in evaluating conditions such as valvular regurgitation or stenosis.\n- Stress Echocardiography: This involves conducting an echocardiogram before and after inducing stress on the heart, either through exercise or medications. It helps assess the heart's response to increased demand.\nApplications of Echocardiography\n- Structural Assessment: Echocardiography provides detailed images of the heart's chambers, valves, and supporting structures, aiding in detecting abnormalities such as valve disorders, congenital heart defects, and structural anomalies.\n- Functional Evaluation: By assessing the heart's pumping function, echocardiography helps diagnose conditions like heart failure cardiomyopathies and identifies areas of impaired contractility.\n- Valvular Insights: Echocardiography is instrumental in evaluating the structure and function of heart valves, detecting conditions such as regurgitation or stenosis, and guiding decisions about the need for intervention or surgery.\n- Detection of Blood Clots: Especially in the case of conditions like atrial fibrillation, where blood clots can form in the heart, echocardiography aids in identifying and assessing the risk of clot formation.\n- Guidance during Procedures: TEE is often utilized during specific cardiac procedures, such as transcatheter valve replacements or atrial septal defect closures, providing real-time guidance for optimal placement.\nThe Echocardiography Procedure\nEchocardiography is generally a painless and non-invasive procedure. During a standard TTE, the patient lies on their left side, and a small amount of gel is applied to the chest. The transducer is then moved across the chest to capture images, and the entire procedure typically takes about 30-60 minutes. TEE involves a specialized probe, and while it may be slightly more uncomfortable, it is usually well-tolerated.\nInterpreting Echocardiographic Findings\nInterpreting echocardiographic images requires specialized skills and expertise. Cardiologists analyze the size and thickness of heart chambers, the movement of heart valves, the efficiency of blood ejection, and other subtle details. Echocardiography allows for identifying conditions at their early stages, enabling timely intervention and management.\nAdvancements in Echocardiography Technology\n- 3D Echocardiography: Traditional echocardiography provides two-dimensional images, while 3D echocardiography adds depth. This technology enhances visualization, particularly for complex cardiac structures, and aids surgical planning.\n- Strain Imaging: This advanced technique measures the deformation or strain of heart muscle during contraction and relaxation. It provides quantitative data about myocardial function, offering insights into myocardial infarction or cardiomyopathies.\nEchocardiography in Special Populations\nEchocardiography is not confined to adults but is crucial in pediatrics. Pediatric cardiologists use echocardiography to assess congenital heart defects, evaluate cardiac function in children with various diseases, and monitor the effectiveness of treatments. The non-invasive nature of echocardiography is particularly advantageous in the delicate realm of pediatric care.\nChallenges and Considerations: Navigating Diagnostic Limitations\nWhile echocardiography is a powerful diagnostic tool, it does have limitations. Obesity, chronic lung disease, and certain chest deformities can affect image quality. Additionally, echocardiography may not provide detailed views of specific structures, necessitating complementary imaging modalities when required.\nEchocardiography stands as a cornerstone in cardiovascular diagnostics, offering a window into the intricate workings of the heart. Its versatility, non-invasive nature, and ability to provide real-time insights make it an invaluable tool for healthcare providers. From detecting structural anomalies to guiding intricate cardiac procedures, echocardiography empowers cardiovascular care, providing more accurate diagnoses and tailored treatment strategies. As technology advances, the future promises even more refined and detailed cardiac imaging, further elevating the standard of cardiovascular medicine.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.gentrydentistry.com/technology/velscope-vx", "date": "2019-09-16T17:12:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514572879.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20190916155946-20190916181946-00073.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9128478765487671, "token_count": 483, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__102278366", "lang": "en", "text": "Enhanced Oral Assessment System\nThe VELscope Vx, the latest model release of VELscope technology, uses natural tissue fluorescence to improve the way practitioners examine the oral mucosa and screen for tissue abnormalities by enhancing the visualization of pre-cancers, cancer and other disease processes.\nThe World's #1 Adjunctive Examination Device\nTraditional oral mucosal examination tools rely on reflected light to visualize the oral cavity. VELscope Vx uses tissue fluorescence rather than reflectance. Natural tissue fluorescence is caused by \"fluorophores\" that, when excited by light of an appropriate wavelength (e.g. blue), will emit their own light at a longer wavelength (e.g. green). The resulting fluorescence may reveal information about cellular, structural, and/or metabolic activity changes that are often directly related to disease processes occurring inside the tissue. The VELscope Vx system is a powerful device for the enhanced visualization of mucosal abnormalities such as oral cancer and premalignant dysplasia. Unlike other adjunctive devices used by dentists, the VELscope Vx system does not require any dyes or prolonged testing procedures. In fact, VELscope Vx examinations can be performed in the dentist's office during routine hygiene exams (and under normal lighting conditions) in about two minutes.\nVELscope® Vx Advantages\n- Provides visual information that is bright and easy to observe within the typical lighting conditions in a dental operatory\n- Helps see things which may be hard to visualize otherwise i.e. offers an imaging modality which is sensitive to tissue changes\n- Allows for enhanced photo documentation - bright tissue response allows easily acquired digital images\n- Clinically proven for the enhanced visualization of mucosal abnormalities, and for use by specialists in helping establish lesion margins for surgical excision\n- A very important tool in the fight against oral cancer\nIndications for use\nVELscope Vx is intended to be used by a dentist or health-care provider as an adjunct to traditional oral examination by incandescent light to enhance the visualization of oral mucosal abnormalities that may not be apparent or visible to the unassisted eye. VELscope Vx is further intended to be used by an oral surgeon to help identify diseased tissue around a clinically apparent lesion and thus aid in determining the appropriate margin for surgical excision.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://finandflycharters.com/cape-canaveral-fishing-charters/", "date": "2018-11-15T02:14:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039742338.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20181115013218-20181115035218-00168.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9474380612373352, "token_count": 948, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__38566249", "lang": "en", "text": "Cape Canaveral is a city in Brevard County, Florida, from which American astronauts explored the space and conquered the moon. But aside from being the center of the nation’s human space program, Cape Canaveral also offers beautiful sandy beaches and world-class fishing.\nThe rich waters are full of redfish, mahi mahi, tuna, wahoo, kingfish, sharks, and more.\nWhether you’re a novice or an experienced angler your guide, the expert team at Fin and Fly fishing charters has all the knowledge and tackle you’ll need to battle down these monstrous fish that lurk in the waters along the Space Coast of Florida from Cape Canaveral to Cocoa Beach.\nContact us today to experience world-class fishing in Cape Canaveral and Cocoa Beach.Book Your Trip Today\n|Our Fishing Charters Include:|\n|Experienced, fully licensed professional captains|\n|New, comfortable boats|\n|Top of the line fishing tackle|\n|Cooler with ice|\nKingfish or king mackerel is a medium-sized fish with an entire body covered in tiny, hardly visible scales. It has olive color on the back, fading to silver with a rosy opalescent on the sides, gradually fainting to white on the belly. Kingfish favor squid, menhaden or other sardine-like fish. A Gulf of Mexico migratory group of kingfish ranges from the Texas coast in summer to the middle-east coast of Florida from November through March.\nCobia has a spindle-shaped dark brown body with a broad flattened head. Two darker brown horizontal bands on the flanks make it distinguishable among other species. Reaching in length up to 78 in. and weighing up to 172 lbs., cobia resembles a shark. It mainly feeds on crabs, squid and smaller fish. This very curious fish is not afraid of coming close to boats.\nDazzling body colors, broad golden flank and iridescent blue pectoral fin is what makes this fish look like no other. On average the mahi-mahi can grow up to 29 lbs, and swim as fast as 57.5 mph. This well-known carnivore feeds on flying fish, crabs, squid and other fish. The mahi-mahi is mostly found in the surface water and is in great demand for sport fishing.\nSailfish are mainly gray and blue in color. But the colorful dorsal fin also known as a sail is what this fish is mostly known for. One of the fastest water creatures, sailfish can swim at a speed of 47 mph. Forage fish and squid are sailfish’s favorite food.\nThe Red Drum, also known as the Redfish or Channel Bass, has a reddish overall coloration and one or more dark spots at the base of the tail. It feeds at the bottom on crustaceans and mollusks. It also takes small fish, especially mullet.\nSnappers are active carnivores, feeding mainly on crustaceans such as shrimp, crayfish, and crabs. Some, however, are plankton-eaters. Snappers are of light red color, with more intense pigment on the back. These fish can reach up to 39 in. in length and weigh 60 to 80 lbs. The oldest reported snapper is over 100 years old.\nThe tarpon is a large thick-bodied fish generally silver in color other than its back, which can range from a dark green to grey. It has a large scoop shaped mouth and the last ray of its dorsal fin is greatly elongated. Its scales are large and thick like a coat of armor. The inside of their mouth is like a heavy grit of sandpaper that will wear threw your leader or tippet.\nThe wahoo’s elongated body is covered with small scales. Its sides are silvery, with a pattern of irregular vertical blue lines, while the back is a gradual blue. Its mouth is large with razor sharp teeth. The wahoo can weigh up to 183 lbs., and reach a length of up to 8 ft 2 in. A very good fighter on light to medium tackle, a wahoo is a highly valuable sport fishing catch.\nWe are 5 star rated on Tripadvisor, Google and Facebook, and provide full service guided charters and professional quality boats and equipment.\nBook your Fishing Charter today to make your fishing dreams a reality!\nCaptain Nate took us out for a 1/2 day trip. He was great! We caught some huge rays, and a goliath grouper. Very fun!!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://itsasherthing.co.za/2022/12/13/why-it-is-essential-to-take-kiko-vitals-new-synbiotic-product/", "date": "2023-12-04T13:28:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100529.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204115419-20231204145419-00851.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.908341109752655, "token_count": 745, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__292642501", "lang": "en", "text": "For those unfamiliar, probiotics are beneficial, transient bacteria that interact with our cells and existing bacteria through our colon to, directly and indirectly, deliver benefits; prebiotics is compounds bio-transformed by bacteria into metabolites. They’re probiotics’ food source, so they can function optimally. When we consume prebiotics and probiotics together, the combination is called a synbiotic.\nKiko Vitals Prebiotic + Probiotic includes strains of bacteria that have been clinically proven to not only ease digestion and increase folate production but also to contribute to cardiovascular health and improve skin health. One of these strains is Lactobacillus, which is pivotal in the overall functioning of the microbial species. It produces many substances that influence the environment by producing lactic acid, which other microbes can thrive on.\nWHY YOU SHOULD TAKE KIKO VITAL’S SYNBIOTIC.\nFun fact: you are only half human; 50% of you are microbial! This diverse microbiome (of 38 trillion microorganisms) performs an array of critical functions like digesting food, managing inflammation, and synthesizing key vitamins, metabolites and neurotransmitters.\nOther important roles of this product include:\n- It helps maintain a balanced ecosystem with a functional epithelial gut barrier.\n- Supporting the growth of each other (and naturally occurring beneficial microorganisms) by digesting harmful/toxic compounds and creating beneficial compounds (such as amino acids, enzymes, vitamins, etc.)\n- Boosts overall immunity as well as outcompeting and killing invasive pathogens (harmful microorganisms)\n- Producing beneficial neurotransmitters, proteins, metabolites, etc\n- It combats brain-related and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression, Parkinson’s’ Disease, Alzheimer’s, Dementia, etc.\n- It alleviates symptoms associated with diabetes, IBS/IBD, organ dysfunction, Cholesterol, high blood pressure, Crohn’s, etc.\n- Aids in reducing bloating and constipation, as well as weight loss\n- Mood, attention and energy boosting.\n- Reduce the risk of cancer through immune stimulation\nWHAT DIFFERENTIATES KIKO VITALS FROM OTHER OPTIONS?\n- Kiko Vitals has a strong commitment to sustainability. Not only is their packaging stunning, but each component is also designed to protect your Daily Synbiotic and be gentler on our Earth.\n- Their products are Vegan, Gluten-Free and GMO-Free.\n- Their packaging is 100% recyclable and doesn’t harm our oceans.\n- Their product has a 20 Billion spore strength, which is much higher than most similar products on the market.\n- Their product is freeze-dried, which means the probiotic is activated once delivered to the colon. In contrast, liquid forms that need to be refrigerated often die between shipping, courier and being left outside of the fridge in stores etc.\n- Kiko Vitals Prebiotic + Probiotic has high-grade single caps\n- They have multi-strain probiotics, which target all biomes within the system.\nThere is immense power in the synergy between prebiotics and probiotics. Together they make the ultimate powerhouse pair, and Kiko Vitals has succeeded in bringing these together so we can support the multiple and magical microbiomes within us.\nThe Kiko Vitals Prebiotic + Probiotic retails for R429-00\nShop the new Prebiotic + Probiotic on the Kiko Vitals Online Store.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tvmcapitalhealthcare.com/portfolio/amili/", "date": "2024-02-23T07:43:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474361.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223053503-20240223083503-00578.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8765078186988831, "token_count": 267, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__144586255", "lang": "en", "text": "|June 2022- Read the Deal Announcement\n|Southeast Asia: Singapore\nThe global human microbiome market will witness a robust CAGR of 31.08%, valued at $115.42 million in 2021, expected to appreciate and reach $1318.72 million by 2030, confirms Strategic Market Research.\nCore assets are used to power AMILI’s four commercial engines:\n- Diagnostics and Therapeutics: AMILI works closely with academic institutions and biotech companies to identify novel biomarkers, elucidate mechanistic pathways and formulate products to modify the gut microbiome and treating disease.\n- Fecal Microbiota Transplants (“FMT”): Collection, analysis and storage of FMT preparations used by patients, hospitals and research institutes across the region.\n- Personalised Wellness: The direct-to-consumer arm of AMILI, branded as BIO & ME, which include sales of gut health testing services and personalised supplements.\n- Consumer: Partnerships with Consumer Food Companies to assist them in product validation, measurement and developments. Providing them with insights to the impact of various ingredients, recipes and foods on the human microbiome, particularly as it pertains to the Asian consumer.\nImpact linked to UN SDGs\nFuture Growth Prospects", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://blinkmonitor.com/2019/05/marine-fishes-of-arctic-canada/", "date": "2021-05-17T04:43:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991557.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20210517023244-20210517053244-00187.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9261784553527832, "token_count": 737, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__131573012", "lang": "en", "text": "Coad, Brian W. and Reist, James B. (Edited and authored) with contributions by Peter Rask Møller, Claude B. Renaud, Noel R. Alfonso, Karen Dunmall, Michael Power, Chantelle D. Sawatzky, Fikret Berkes, J. Brian Dempson, Les N. Harris, and Heidi K. Swanson. 2018. Marine Fishes of Arctic Canada. Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa and University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Buffalo, London. xiv + 618 + pp., 521 figures, 219 maps, 182 colour figures.\nThis large format book will tell you everything you want to know about Arctic fishes. Up until now, information on Arctic fishes was relatively difficult to find because the Arctic is remote and scientific studies on fishes were more likely to be done closer to home. Museum of Nature researchers have been changing that and documenting new species in the north. Here is their announcement of the book.\nA few years ago while the book was being written, a blog post (link to nature.ca) gave us some background.\nNow you can read the book at OPL. Their description and summary of the book:\n“Because of its wide geographic scope and harsh conditions, Canada’s Arctic presents many challenges for researchers and biologists. In this book, scientists from the Canadian Museum of Nature and Fisheries and Oceans Canada present a guide to the marine fishes found in Arctic Canadian waters and featuring up-to-date research on 222 species. Each of the 58 families is described in a general account followed by species accounts comprising common name, taxonomy, physical description and identification, habitat data, biology, distribution, commercial importance, and traditional knowledge. Many of the species are known only to scientists and come from the deeper waters of the Davis Strait while others have been important food sources for Indigenous peoples for millennia. A wide-ranging general introduction looks at the history of research, fish habitats, climate, fisheries, fish structure, and the collection and preservation of fishes while an essay on traditional ecological knowledge provides an important perspective. Exquisite black-and-white drawings of each species complement colour photos and illustrations. Finally, new range maps showing distributions across Arctic Canada were created for this volume. The book will be a welcome reference work for Northern residents, biologists and ecologists, environmental groups, and resource extraction companies operating in the North, as well as commercial and amateur fishers in Canada and in other circumpolar countries.”\nA review by Betty Galbraith, Washington State University:\n“Marine Fishes of Arctic Canada is a beautiful book. It is the first encyclopedia dedicated exclusively to the Arctic fishes of Canada and contains 222 species organized by 58 families. Each family of fishes is introduced with an overarching description of the biology, life cycle, behavior, and specific habitat. This family section is followed by accounts of each species within the family, including common name, taxonomy, physical description, biology, life history, distribution, commercial and cultural importance, and a short bibliography of sources. Each species also has a map of its range and beautiful line drawings. An introduction to the subject covers the history of research, fish habitats, climate, environment, and more. The book also contains a glossary of terms and a bibliography. Coad (emer., Canadian Museum of Nature) and Reist (Fisheries and Oceans Canada) both bring considerable expertise to this subject, having written several articles and bibliographies on Arctic fishes. A must-have book. Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readers.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://bostonwishesh.com/lifestyle/healthy-living/78905-how-disrupted-sleep-causes-memory-thinking-problems.html", "date": "2024-04-22T18:05:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818337.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422175900-20240422205900-00818.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9645982980728149, "token_count": 481, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__181181230", "lang": "en", "text": "(Image source from: Freepik.com)\nAccording to a recent study published in the American Academy of Neurology's medical journal, Neurology, disrupted sleep in one's 30s and 40s can lead to memory and cognitive difficulties a decade later. The research, conducted by the University of California, San Francisco, focused on the duration and quality of sleep of participants.\nDuring the study, 526 individuals with an average age of 40 were followed for 11 years. Participants wore a wrist activity monitor for three consecutive days on two separate occasions to determine their sleep averages. The findings revealed that the participants had an average of six hours of sleep.\nThe study also evaluated sleep quality by asking participants to record their bedtimes and wake times in a sleep diary and complete a sleep quality survey. A score of zero to 21 was given on the survey, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. Out of the participants, 46 percent reported poor sleep, indicated by a score greater than five.\nIn addition to sleep duration and quality, researchers examined sleep fragmentation, which refers to repetitive short interruptions of sleep. This was measured by analyzing the percentage of time spent moving and not moving for one minute or less during sleep. On average, participants had a sleep fragmentation rate of 19 percent.\nBased on sleep fragmentation scores, researchers divided the participants into three groups. It was discovered that out of the 175 individuals with the most disrupted sleep, 44 had poor cognitive performance after ten years. In contrast, only 10 out of the 176 individuals with the least disrupted sleep experienced cognitive difficulties. Even after adjusting for age, gender, race, and education, those with the most disrupted sleep had more than twice the odds of displaying poor cognitive performance compared to those with the least disrupted sleep.\nThese findings emphasize the importance of understanding the relationship between sleep and cognition earlier in life. As signs of diseases like Alzheimer's start appearing in the brain several decades before symptoms manifest, researchers believe that comprehending sleep problems as a risk factor for such diseases is crucial. The study indicates that the quality, rather than the quantity, of sleep plays a significant role in maintaining cognitive health during middle age.\nIn conclusion, the study highlights the potential long-term consequences of disrupted sleep in one's 30s and 40s. It serves as a reminder of the importance of promoting healthy sleep habits to maintain cognitive function as individuals age.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thrombosis.providencehealthcare.org/patients-family", "date": "2024-03-03T18:41:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476397.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303174631-20240303204631-00340.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9378435015678406, "token_count": 241, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__52263464", "lang": "en", "text": "Patients & Family\nVenous thromboembolism, or VTE, refers to blood clots in the venous circulation. VTE includes both deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.\nDeep vein thrombosis, or DVT, occurs when a blood clot is formed in the veins of the lower extremity. The most common symptoms are swelling, pain, feeling of heaviness and redness of the leg.\nPulmonary embolism, or PE, occurs when a piece of the DVT breaks off and travels to the lung along the veins. The most common symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, lightheadedness and possibly coughing up blood.\nVTE can be caused by surgeries, broken bones, prolong immobilization, hormone uses and cancer. Other uncommon causes are inherited clotting tendencies and abnormal compression of the veins. Sometime a particular cause cannot be identified.\nPatients with VTE should be seen by a physician urgently and started on treatment as soon as possible.\nFor additional information, see the links below or visit the Thrombosis Canada website for more detail on the different topics of VTE.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://winksfromgod.org/bt-facts%3A-each-day-in-may", "date": "2020-02-20T01:00:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875144498.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20200220005045-20200220035045-00041.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9318932890892029, "token_count": 1996, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__7900880", "lang": "en", "text": "An estimated 700,000 Americans are living with a tumor\nAn estimated 86,970 people will receive a primary brain tumor diagnosis in 2019\nThe average survival rate for all malignant brain tumor patients is only 35%\nAn estimated 16,830 people will die from malignant brain tumors (brain cancer) in 2019\nBrain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most prevalent form of pediatric cancer in kids under 19\nPediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death among children and adolescents ages 0-19, surpassing leukemia.\nMore than any other cancer, brain tumors can have lasting and life-altering physical, cognitive, and psychological impacts on a patient’s life.\nEven benign brain tumors can be deadly if they interfere with portions of the brain responsible for vital bodily functions.\nThere are more than 130 different types of brain tumors, many with their own multitude of subtypes.\nDespite the amount of brain tumors, and their devastating prognosis, there have only been four (4) FDA approved drugs – and one device – to treat brain tumors in the past 30 years.\nBetween 1998 and 2014, there were 78 investigational brain tumor drugs that entered the clinical trial evaluation process. 75 failed. That is a 25:1 failure ratio in developing new brain tumor treatments over the past two decades.\nBrain tumors have the highest per-patient initial cost of care for any cancer group, with an annualized mean net costs of care in 2010 US dollars at well over $100,000.\nDoctors group brain tumors by grade. The grade of a tumor refers to the way the cells look under a microscope:\nCells from low-grade tumors (grades I and II) look more normal and generally grow more slowly than cells from high-grade tumors (grades III and IV).\nOver time, a low-grade tumor may become a high-grade tumor. However, the change to a high-grade tumor happens more often among adults than children.\nThe median age at diagnosis for all primary brain tumors is 60 years\nThe cause of brain cancer is usually unknown. Most people diagnosed with a primary brain tumor do not have any known risk factors. However, certain risk factors and genetic conditions have been shown to increase a person’s chances of developing one, including:\nThe 5-year survival rate tells you what percent of people live at least 5 years after the tumor is found. Percent means how many out of 100. The 5-year survival rate for people with a cancerous brain or CNS tumor is approximately 34% for men and 36% for women. However, survival rates vary widely and depend on several factors, including the type of brain or spinal cord tumor.\nOverall, the chance that a person will develop a malignant tumor of the brain or spinal cord in his or her lifetime is less than 1%.\nOn May 9, 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) published an official reclassification of Tumor Types of the Central Nervous System, which has moved the greater neuro-oncology field toward a more precise and accurate system of brain tumor classification. Based on information from expert neuropathologists and neuro-oncologists, the result of the updated WHO classifications, which integrate molecular information with histology, is that doctors will be better able to more accurately diagnose, make prognoses, plan treatment, and predict therapeutic response for patients. A more precise diagnosis and treatment plan is a win for patients.\nThe most prevalent brain tumor types in adults:\nThe most prevalent brain tumor types in children (0-14):\nGlioblastoma multiforme—also known as GBM—is the most lethal form of brain cancer in adults. This devastating brain cancer spreads into other parts of the brain very quickly and is usually not surgically curable. Typically, radiation and chemotherapy are given with the hopes of delaying tumor progression.\nMedulloblastoma is a cancerous tumor—also called cerebellar primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)—that starts in the region of the brain at the base of the skull, called the posterior fossa. These tumors tend to spread to other parts of the brain and to the spinal cord.\nSurvival rates in children with medulloblastoma depend on the patient’s age and how much the tumor spreads.\nDiffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are the most common brainstem tumors in children, representing approximately 75-80% of all pediatric brainstem tumors. The tumor is found in a part of the brainstem called the pons. The pons is responsible for a number of important bodily functions, like breathing, sleeping, bladder control, and balance. Because these functions are vital to survival, the pressure from the growing tumor is very dangerous.\nA primary brain tumor originates in the central nervous system, while metastatic brain tumors spread to the brain from other parts of the body. Meningiomas account for about 27 percent of primary brain tumors, making them the most common of that type.\nA meningioma develops from the meninges, the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Most meningiomas (90 percent) are categorized as benign tumors, with the remaining 10 percent being atypical or malignant. However, the word benign can be misleading in this case, as when benign tumors grow and constrict and affect the brain, they can cause disability and even be life threatening.\nThe symptoms of a brain tumor depend on tumor size, type, and location. Symptoms may be caused when a tumor presses on a nerve or harms a part of the brain. Also, they may be caused when a tumor blocks the fluid that flows through and around the brain, or when the brain swells because of the buildup of fluid. These are the most common symptoms of brain tumors:\nMost often, these symptoms are not due to a brain tumor.\nSophisticated imaging techniques can pinpoint brain tumors. Diagnostic tools include computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Other MRI sequences can help the surgeon plan the resection of the tumor based on the location of the normal nerve pathways of the brain. Intraoperative MRI also is used during surgery to guide tissue biopsies and tumor removal. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is used to examine the tumor's chemical profile and determine the nature of the lesions seen on the MRI. Positron emission tomography (PET scan) can help detect recurring brain tumors.\nSometimes the only way to make a definitive diagnosis of a brain tumor is through a biopsy. The neurosurgeon performs the biopsy and the pathologist makes the final diagnosis, determining whether the tumor appears benign or malignant, and grading it accordingly.\nBrain Tumor Treatment\nBrain tumors (whether primary or metastatic, benign or malignant) usually are treated with surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy — alone or in various combinations. While it is true that radiation and chemotherapy are used more often for malignant, residual or recurrent tumors, decisions as to what treatment to use are made on a case-by-case basis and depend on a number of factors. There are risks and side effects associated with each type of therapy.\nBrain Tumor Surgery\nIt is generally accepted that complete or nearly complete surgical removal of a brain tumor is beneficial for a patient. The neurosurgeon's challenge is to remove as much tumor as possible, without injuring brain tissue important to the patient's neurological function (such as the ability to speak, walk, etc.). Traditionally, neurosurgeons open the skull through a craniotomy to insure they can access the tumor and remove as much of it as possible. A drain (EVD) may be left in the brain fluid cavities at the time of surgery to drain the normal brain fluid as the brain recovers from the surgery.\nAnother procedure that is commonly performed, sometimes before a craniotomy, is called a stereotactic biopsy. This smaller operation allows doctors to obtain tissue in order to make an accurate diagnosis.\nRadiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells and abnormal brain cells and to shrink tumors. Radiation therapy may be an option if the tumor cannot be treated effectively through surgery.\nAmerican Association of Neurological Surgeons\nChemotherapy generally is considered to be effective for specific pediatric tumors, lymphomasand some oligodendrogliomas. While it has been proven that chemotherapy improves overall survival in patients with the most malignant primary brain tumors, it does so in only in about 20 percent of all patients, and physicians cannot readily predict which patients will benefit before treatment. As such, some physicians choose not to use chemotherapy because of the potential side effects (lung scarring, suppression of the immune system, nausea, etc.).\nChemotherapy works by inflicting cell damage that is better repaired by normal tissue than tumor tissue. Resistance to chemotherapy might involve survival of tumor tissue that cannot respond to the drug, or the inability of the drug to pass from the bloodstream into the brain. A special barrier exists between the bloodstream and the brain tissue called the blood-brain barrier. Some investigators have tried to improve the effect of chemotherapy by disrupting this barrier or by injecting the drug into the tumor or brain.\nCoping and Support\nA diagnosis of a brain tumor can be overwhelming and frightening. It can make you feel like you have little control over your health. But you can take steps to cope with the shock and grief that may come after your diagnosis. Consider trying to:\nAsk your doctor about support groups in your area. Or check your phone book, library or a cancer organization, such as the National Cancer Institute or the American Cancer Society.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.informationweek.in/informationweek/news-analysis/178398/infosys-elan-pharmaceuticals-apply-creation-model-transform-discovery-research", "date": "2015-03-30T19:59:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131299877.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172139-00203-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8554539084434509, "token_count": 294, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-14__0__130470571", "lang": "en", "text": "Infosys Technologies recently announced that it will design and implement the Research Informatics System (RISe) at Elan Pharmaceuticals, a biotechnology company, to accelerate discovery research using a co-creation engagement model that leverages Infosys’ existing intellectual property in this field.\nAjay Shah, Director – Research Informatics, Elan Pharmaceuticals, said, “With Infosys’ solution and engagement model, Elan will be able to lower costs for scientific operation and facilitate innovation.”\nAs Elan’s informatics system, RISe will leverage Infosys’ Scientific Innovation Solution for knowledge collaboration. Infosys Technologies says the new system will reduce the time spent on registering and experimenting with bio-entities, increase collaboration, and reduce the chances of downstream failure.\nThe co-creation engagement model enables Infosys to retain ownership of co-developed IP as part of the implementation. Relevant components of this reference implementation can be reused or repurposed by Infosys to deliver faster business benefits at other Life Sciences organizations.\n“Elan’s vision to create a scalable research informatics system for scientists to collaborate better, dovetails perfectly with our investments in solutions that improve scientific innovation and our efforts to streamline discovery research,” said R Arun Kumar, head of Infosys’ Global Life Sciences Practice, Infosys Technologies.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://en.labolazar.com/mines", "date": "2024-02-29T06:13:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474784.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229035411-20240229065411-00291.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.95073002576828, "token_count": 250, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__200596669", "lang": "en", "text": "Microbial communities in abandoned and flooded mines\nMines have been and are a source of wealth for provinces like Quebec. However, when a mine ceases to operate, groundwater submerges the tunnels dug by man little by little. Mines closed during the 20th century are not subject to regulations and are often left as is. Microorganisms living in the groundwater that submerges the mine galleries, are a source of populations able to adapt to the new artificial aquatic environment that the mine has become.\nWe are therefore interested in the diversity and functions of microbial populations that live and have adapted in the water that submerged two old iron (Forsyth) and mica (Blackburn) mines in Quebec. We areinterested not only in the study of Bacteria and Archaea, but also in the study of eukaryotic microbes and viruses. This study is also carried out around the anthropological theme of the consequences of natural habitat destruction by humans.\nProject led by Elise Lhoste\nCollaboration: PTO Exploration (team of technical divers, leader Kevin Brown)\nProf. Benoit Barbeau (UQAM)\nProf. Alison Derry (UQAM)\nProf. David Jaclin (University of Ottawa)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://89wood.com/page/meterial_dtls/8", "date": "2020-09-29T14:15:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600401643509.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20200929123413-20200929153413-00210.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9021991491317749, "token_count": 135, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__116888216", "lang": "en", "text": "AFRICAN TEAK is a common name for plants like Pterocarpus angolensis,Baikiaea plurijuga, Milicia excelsa, Pericopsis elata. Among the African countries the timber from Pterocarpus angolensis species is best sourced from Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC). The timber from this species finds a wide range of uses because of its distinctive nature. It is resistant to termite and borer. It is durable and has a pleasing spicy fragrance. The wood from these species polishes well and has an attractive brownish-yellow colour to make it good for making quality furniture.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://quadriv.wordpress.com/2011/10/06/the-language-of-birds/", "date": "2018-07-21T21:25:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676592778.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20180721203722-20180721223722-00307.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9760355949401855, "token_count": 548, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__173904222", "lang": "en", "text": "In Hergé’s Red Rackham’s Treasure, Tintin and Captain Haddock follow a lead to an uninhabited island where they come across a population of parrots with the unnerving ability to squawk Haddockian insults. Tintin hypothesises that an earlier generation of parrots were taught to speak by Captain Haddock’s ancestor who visited the island hundreds of years earlier and the skill was passed on to subsequent generations through a type of avian cultural transmission.\nThe story may sound a little far-fetched but Martyn Robinson from the Australian Museum has found evidence of a similar process occurring in cockatoos, a species well known for their ability to copy human speech. The most likely scenario is that pet cockatoos have escaped or been released from captivity and taken up residence with a group of wild birds. The exotic sounds of human speech may be more appealing to female cockatoos and have been adopted by the rest of the group.\nNaturalist Alexander von Humboldt was exploring the Orinoco River in 1800 when he visited a Maipure village. The inhabitants kept a pet parrot that spoke a different language from their owners. They claimed that the parrot had belonged to members of the Ature tribe and spoke their language. The Ature had died out some years earlier and Humboldt realised that the parrot was the last speaker of the language. He recorded forty words which remain the only record of the Ature tongue.\nLyrebirds are superb mimics; an individual may have a repertoire of dozens of other bird calls. They are also able to convincingly recreate sounds of human activity such as chainsaws, car alarms and cameras. These appear to be passed down to subsequent generations since lyrebirds alive today are still heard to make the sounds of older style camera shutters, axes and saws which have not been heard in the lyrebirds’ habitat for many years.\nThe lyrebirds of Tasmania, introduced to the island in the 1930s, retained the call of the Eastern Whipbird, a species not present on the island, until at least the 1960s and possibly into the 1980s, although with decreasing fidelity.\nIn 1969, a park ranger in the New England National Park heard a lyrebird reproducing the sound of a flute. The bird was singing fragments of two songs popular in the 1930s, The Keel Row and Mosquito’s Dance. A farmer in the area who had kept a pet lyrebird forty years earlier was known to play a flute. Flute sounds still exist in the repertoire of some of the lyrebirds in the area.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://thegrahnhomestead.blogspot.com/2011/01/hairsome-have-it-some-dont.html", "date": "2018-07-19T11:03:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590866.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20180719105750-20180719125750-00560.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9675846695899963, "token_count": 645, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__11536134", "lang": "en", "text": "I've been growing my hair out for the past 3 years. This was an interesting article in a newsletter I just got. Since I make shampoo I'm always looking for ways to enhance it.\nHow to grow long hair and keep it healthy\nThere are around 100,000 strands of hair on the average person’s head. Hair grows at a rate of approximately a half an inch per month.\nThere is no magic food or ingredient that might help hair grow in an instant. If you have short hair and you are growing it long: be patient! Even so there are ways to enhance your hair growing cycle. Vitamins and minerals, for instance, can help boost your health and keep your hair healthy. Since your hair often reflects your overall health, exercise and taking care of your general well-being will help maximize your hair growing potential.\nTips on how to make your hair grow more healthily:\nWatch what you eat: Food that can enhance hair growth include: dark green vegetables, carrots, seafood, dairy foods, cabbage, yogurt, a balanced source of iron such as in liver, poultry, whole grains, egg and fish, bananas as a source of potassium and don’t forget to drink plenty water to wash chemicals and toxins out of your body.\nExercise and Relaxation: Exercise helps improve the circulation which is vital for hair growth. Massaging the scalp with a few drops of Vitamin E oil can also help strengthen fragile or damaged hair.\nCut out smoking, caffeine and alcohol: People who don’t eat healthily but drink excessively are at risk of hair loss. Alcohol affects the liver which is critical for managing the body’s metabolism. Smoking too, has been found to possibly accelerate hair loss.\nHerbs that might help hair grow:\nThere are some herbs that have been found to enhance hair condition. These include Gingko which helps with the circulation which is essential for hair growth; Birch Oil which is thought to help slow down hair loss, Rosemary helps the hair grow shinier and Chamomile can help calm an itchy scalp which could cause hair loss.\nTake care of your hair: Minimize anything that might encourage split ends such as hair-dryers, tongs and heating appliances, hair sprays etc. Find a conditioner that suits the condition of your hair and use it regularly. Get your hair trimmed every six to eight weeks to prevent split ends.\nLife and Hair Loss:\nAt times in life, due to health and circumstances, hair can be seen to go through phases and hair loss may for instance be experienced in women after giving birth, people with diabetes or with thyroid health disease. Stress can also cause hair loss.\nHow to Add Volume to Hair:\nThere are many products on the market that promise to add volume to hair: again experiment and choose the best one for you. Whether your hair is short, medium or long a good cut can do a lot to give hair movement and fullness.\nNo matter how long it takes for your hair to grow, the more effort you put into keeping your hair in good condition, will help keep your hair more manageable as it grows.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://balconybeef.com/nutrition", "date": "2024-02-25T20:53:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474643.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225203035-20240225233035-00144.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9356405735015869, "token_count": 107, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__152361456", "lang": "en", "text": "Piedmontese cattle are missing the myostatin gene which works in traditional cattle to inhibit their overall muscle mass and are often described as \"double muscled\". Because they develop extra muscle, they develop very little fat. The beef remains tender and juicy without the heavy marbling of traditional cattle breeds.\nPiedmontese are not genetically modified for this unique double muscling, the absence of the myostatin gene is a natural evolution of the breed.\nCopyright © 2023 Balcony Beef - All Rights Reserved.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://birthaims.com.au/blocked-milk-ducts/", "date": "2021-10-28T14:45:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323588341.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20211028131628-20211028161628-00450.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9240079522132874, "token_count": 2437, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__216872516", "lang": "en", "text": "Blocked Milk Ducts, blebs and mastitis – what, why and how?\n“What are blocked milk ducts?” I hear you say! Or, perhaps you’re here because you’re currently breastfeeding and have found a lump, pain or redness in your breast. It can feel really overwhelming and daunting knowing what to do to manage pain and/or breast lumps when breastfeeding! Hopefully by the end of this article you’ll have plenty of ideas of things to try.\nMilk ducts are essentially tiny tubes running from our alveoli (milk producing, tiny balloon-like structures) to and through our nipples. Sometimes, milk ducts clog, causing the milk behind the blockage to build up. This milk build up can result in a lump, pain, engorgement (firmness) and redness, and if not treated, mastitis. So, why does this happen?\nBlocked Milk Ducts, blebs and mastitis – The causes…\nThere are a variety of reasons milk ducts can get blocked, including (and possibly not limited to!):\n- Latch and positioning not quite right – A well positioned baby will drain the breast, ‘flushing’ the milk ducts.\n- Large gaps between feeds – These can result in engorgement and eventually blocked milk ducts.\n- Pressure on or damage to the breasts – For some women, wearing a singlet or crop is enough pressure to cause blockages! A change in bra or clothing, sleeping on your tummy or damage to the breast can lead to blockages too.\n- Damage to the nipple – Any cracks, grazes, scabs, bites and/or infections can prevent the milk flowing from the nipple.\n- Difficulties getting a let down and/or stress – The let down is when breastmilk flows to your baby. Some mums experience a tingling or full feeling to their breasts, will feel really thirsty or have to take a big, deep breath. Others only notice the let down based on a change in baby’s sucking pattern (from suck-suck to the rhythmic suck-swallow) or milk flowing into a pump. Distracted babies and tense or stressed mums can inhibit the let down. You can stimulate this using warmth before and during the feed, gentle massage, focusing on baby (or photos of bub), taking big breaths, or focusing on letting the milk flow. More let downs = more chances to clear a blockage!\nOther potential causes less often recognised\n- Diet – Avoid eating lots of processed, fatty or sugary foods to help reduce inflammation in the body (and breasts).\n- Run down mum – Some women notice being run down or not getting enough rest (laughable with a baby!) predisposes them to blockages.\n- Vasospasm – Vasospasm is the sudden contraction of blood vessels. When it happens in our breasts it can restrict the flow of milk from the nipple causing (you guessed it!) a blockage. Using warmth before, during and after feeds, ensuring you’re in a warm space and away from a breeze/air conditioner can help reduce vasospasm.\nTreatment of blocked milk ducts\nPhysical treatment options\nThere are lots of different options that work for different women, but the top 4 tend to be most commonly suggested:\n- Feed, feed, feed – The more you feed/pump and get a let down (see tips above), the better to clear the duct.\n- Warmth – Warmth on the breast before and during a feed or pumping can help!\n- Massage (GENTLY) – Massage reduces breast pain. However, I suggest always go gently if you massage at all, and do so with the palm rather than fingertips.\n- Position changes – Rotate baby so their chin is where the lump sits to help ‘massage’ the blockage out. However, rotating position at all, even if bub’s chin isn’t on the lump, potentially drains the breast slightly differently.\n- Reduce the pressure – Any pressure on the breast from a top, crop bra or otherwise can inhibit drainage from the breast. I suggest sitting in your dressing gown and feed, feed, feed. Likewise, try not to sleep on your tummy or in positions with pressure on your breasts.\n- Dangle feeding – As in the image on the left above, dangle feeding, using gravity, can help clear those milk ducts!\n- Check baby’s latch (or your pump setup) – If bub isn’t latching well, or your pump isn’t quite right for you, this influences drainage. Give the ABA or an IBCLC a call, or contact me!\n- Vibration and/or therapeutic ultrasound – ‘Vibrating’ the blockage (electric toothbrush, vibrator etc) can help break apart clogs. Therapeutic ultrasound apparently does this whilst also dilating milk ducts. Many women’s health physios offer therapeutic ultrasound.\n- Five Step Systematic Therapy (FSST) – A therapy for treating blocked ducts involving laser therapy, pumping, massage, magnesium sulfate and education.\nOther options (these are sometimes a little harder to arrange!)…\n- Rest – Rest not just yourself (yes, go to bed!) but also your breasts! Constantly feeding and pumping can cause swelling, bruising and/or localised oedema in your breast tissue. So feed frequently and well, but give yourself breaks in between feeds to recover too.\n- Eat well – Cut out the crap to reduce inflammation (I know it’s hard on no sleep!). Processed foods, dairy, sugar and gluten (and others) increase inflammation in the body.\n- Acupuncture – In dairy cattle, acupuncture reduces the incidence of mastitis (and can increase milk supply). Low level research supports the same effect in women.\n- Cabbage leaves! Or cold compresses – After the feed, using cold cabbage leaves or compresses helps reduce inflammation, pain and hardness of the breasts.\n- Drink lots of water – Staying well hydrated is important, especially if you end up with a temperature or fever! So drink lots of water, often, to support your body.\n- Myofascial release – This is one that isn’t often suggested, but can be SO amazing! I encourage you to give it a go! By releasing fascia restrictions the milk ducts are free to flow. For a discussion of these techniques from an Osteopath, check out this link!\nSupplements and other things that might help…\nThe research is limited in this area. If there is a highlighted, linked item it’s because there is some research to support it. I include all methods I know of as anecdotes can be helpful too! Sometimes anecdotes are just responses that we dont yet have data to back up; worth keeping in your arsenal, ready.\n- Lecithin – Many IBCLCs and women note that lecithin reduces the ‘stickiness’ of milk, helping it flow freely. There is no research to support it to my knowledge.\n- Probiotics – This is a review on the research behind probiotic use for mastitis; we need more research. However, some studies report a correlation between probiotic use and reduction or prevention of mastitis. If you’re going down this route Lactobacillus fermentum and L. salivarius are the bacteria you need.\n- Magnesium, calcium and Nifedipine – Magnesium, calcium and Nifedipine reduce the incidence of vasospasm, a causative factor for blockages (see above). There is no research on magnesium use for women without vasospasm, so it’s unknown whether it would help.\n- Vitamin B6, Fish Oil and Nifedipine – These are again supplements or medications that can reduce the incidence of vasospasm, a causative factor for blockages.\n- Ibuprofin – Ibuprofin reduces inflammation in the body (and breast tissue), reducing pressure on milk ducts. This can allow the milk to flow more easily.\n- Magnesium sulfate soak – Magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) soaks supposedly reduce inflammation and get the milk flowing. Some research supports its use.\n- Homeopathics – Many women swear by Belladonna, Phytolacca and Poke Root for relieving mastitis. I suggest speaking with a homeopath/herbalist directly.\nWhat about recurring blocked milk ducts!?\nRecurring blockages, regardless of the type, are painful and so upsetting! If you can’t find the cause and you’ve tried the ideas above, seek additional help. Please reach out to an International Board Certified Lactation Consultant for help or contact me for a lactation consult!\nMastitis? What is it? What do I do?\nMastitis is breast inflammation, not infection, though it can sometimes occur due to an infective agent (typically the bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus). The key difference between mastitis and a blocked milk duct is the systemic signs of illness, including:\n- Headache or body aches\n- Feeling ill\n- Shivers/lack of temperature control\nMastitis caused by a blocked milk duct is treatable as described above, without antibiotics. However, if you find you’re struggling to treat the blockage and/or you’ve had systemic illness signs for 24 hours without improvement, it’s worth following up. Many GPs will prescribe antibiotics for mastitis. While sometimes useful, clearing the blockage is still necessary. The reason GPs are cautious and prescribe antibiotics is to avoid mastitis developing into a breast abscess. These are uncommon, but it’s worth being aware that they do occur sometimes, particularly when mastitis isn’t treated appropriately. Some GPs are really knowledgeable about breastfeeding and will give fantastic advice, but this isn’t the common experience. Please reach out to an International Board Certified Lactation Consultant for help or contact me for a lactation consult if you need.\nWhat happens after I clear the blockage?\nJust keep on feeding! Some women will notice a huge increase in milk supply and engorgement following blocked duct treatment. If this is the case for you, progressively cut back feeds/pumping until it is just as much as your baby needs. You can use cold cabbage leaves as noted above to help curb the milk supply and reduce any engorgement/inflammation too. I typically suggest listening to your breasts and pumping whenever you feel engorgement or lumpiness to the breasts.\nReach out for help!\nIf you need any help at all, please let me know! I have been assisting mums through issues, like blocked milk ducts for years, and will soon qualify as an IBCLC (I may already be one depending on when you read this!). Furthermore, I have personal experience with navigating the hurdles of recurring blocked milk ducts and mastitis. I’m here for you!\nWould you like to stay up to date with Birth Aims? Subscribe below!\nWho am I?\nHello, I’m Aimee! I support women and their families through pregnancy, birth, postpartum and breastfeeding. I am a qualified and experienced Doula and breastfeeding counsellor, providing support in the Blue Mountains and surrounds. I’d love to meet you for an obligation free catch up! Contact me here.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://twilightfenix.livejournal.com/449136.html", "date": "2020-01-18T18:31:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250593295.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20200118164132-20200118192132-00557.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.963821530342102, "token_count": 1318, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__229168524", "lang": "en", "text": "Can Coffee Protect Against Common Cancers?\nTwo New Studies Show Coffee Guards Against Liver and\nTwo separate studies, reported in the Feb. 16 issue of The Journal of the National Cancer Institute, examined the impact of coffee drinking on cancer risk.\nIs Decaffeinated Coffee Really Best?\nIn the Harvard study, researchers examined data from two large, ongoing health trials involving 134,000 people. The participants were questioned about their coffee, tea, and caffeine consumption at different time periods over the course of 15 years.\nResearcher Karin B. Michels, ScD, and colleagues found no association between consumption of caffeinated coffee or tea and colorectal cancer risk. But people who regularly drank two or more cups of decaffeinated coffee a day had about half the rate of rectal cancer as people who never drank decaffeinated coffee.\nMichels tells WebMD that she initially thought the apparent protection could be explained by the fact that the decaffeinated coffee drinkers tended to have healthier lifestyles than the people who drank caffeinated coffee. But tea drinkers in the study also tended to have healthier habits, but had the same cancer risk as people who drank caffeinated coffee.\nEven though she says now she believes that decaffeinated coffee may have unique cancer-fighting benefits, the researcher is not yet recommending that people switch from high-test to low.\n\"I would definitely like to see more studies that focus on decaffeinated coffee,\" she says.\nCoffee and Liver Cancer\nThe second study, reported by researchers from\nThe researchers reported that people who drank coffee every day or almost daily had about half the liver cancer risk as those who never drank coffee. The more coffee people drank the lower their risk. And the protective benefits appeared to extend to those with chronic hepatitis C and B infections. They are at very high risk for developing liver cancer.\nThe study did not distinguish between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption, because few Japanese people drink decaffeinated coffee.\nNutritional epidemiologist Nancy Potischman, PhD, tells WebMD that the fact that liver cancer is common in\nShe also found it compelling that the more coffee people drank the more they seemed to be protected from liver cancer.\n\"That is a good indication of a real effect and not just something that is seen by chance,\" she says. \"As an epidemiologist I always want to see more evidence, but these findings are very compelling.\"\nFor a nation fueled by Starbucks, studies suggesting that coffee drinkers may be at decreased risk for several major diseases, including Parkinson's and diabetes, is welcome news.\nWebMD even recently reported on two studies from The Journal of the National Cancer Institute showing that coffee may significantly lower the risk of colon and liver cancers.\nBut there is also evidence that coffee may increase the risk of heart disease for some, and a new study from\nResearchers from the\nThe findings are reported in the June 1 issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.\nThe researchers had already linked coffee drinking to increased indicators of inflammation, one of the key mechanisms to the development of heart disease. And they have also reported that combining coffee with cigarette smoking seems to be much worse for the heart than smoking alone.\n\"The evidence regarding coffee is far less conclusive than it is for smoking,\" study researcher\nPrevious studies evaluating coffee's role in promoting high blood pressure and heart disease have been conflicting. Though some suggest a strong link, others have found no link at all or even a health benefit to coffee drinking.\nThe latest research by Vlachopoulos and colleagues included 228 healthy adults whose average age was 41. The researchers used food-frequency questionnaires to determine how much coffee each study participant drank. They took into account whether participants drank instant coffee, brewed coffee, Greek-type coffee, cappuccino, or filtered coffee. They analyzed the data to account for each cup of coffee containing 80 milligrams of caffeine.\nThey also measured blood vessel wall abnormalities -- wall stiffness, the inability to expand and contract and a sign of unhealthy blood vessels.\nCompared with people who did not drink coffee, people who drank two or more cups of coffee a day showed more abnormalities in blood vessel function. Blood vessel stiffness is an indictor of heart disease risk. The association remained strong even after taking into account other heart disease risk factors like smoking, obesity, and age.\nBut nutrition researcher Alice Lichtenstein, DSc, says the lifestyle differences between the coffee drinkers and non-coffee drinkers were so great that it would be difficult for the researchers to take these into account.\nLichtenstein is a senior scientist and director of the Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory at\nIn the study, people who drank two or more cups of coffee a day were almost nine times more likely than non-coffee drinkers to smoke cigarettes. They were also 2.5 times as likely to be obese. In general, people who drank no coffee also tended to be younger than those who drank coffee.\nAge, cigarette smoking and obesity are three risk factors for heart disease. \"It is more likely that heart disease risk is determined by a number of dietary and lifestyle components together, rather than individual foods,\" she tells WebMD.\nModeration Is Key\nLichtenstein agrees that as a whole, the research on coffee and health remains inconclusive. She adds that java junkies can probably relax if they drink coffee in moderation and reserve the cream and sugar-laden specialty coffees for special occasions.\nWhile coffee itself has no calories, the \"tall\" version of, say, a double-mocha latte with whipped cream can contain more calories, fat, and sugar than a typical fast-food meal.\nVlachopoulos says it is increasingly clear that coffee consumption is an important risk factor for heart disease when combined with smoking.\n\"The message to smokers would be to stop, and if they can't stop they shouldn't drink coffee,\" he says.\nSOURCES: Charalambos, V. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, June 2005; vol 81: pp 1307-1312. Charalambos Vlachopoulos, MD, department of cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece. Alice Lichtenstein, DSc, senior scientist, director, Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory,\n*looks at her 5th cup of coffee and sighs* Damn .. I need to cut back ..", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sjssheffieldaesthetics.co.uk/unveiling-luna-the-polynucleotide-skin-booster-revolutionising-skincare/", "date": "2024-04-17T01:46:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817128.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417013540-20240417043540-00622.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8909158110618591, "token_count": 598, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__164430099", "lang": "en", "text": "In the dynamic world of skincare, advancements and innovations continually emerge, promising rejuvenated, youthful skin. Among these breakthroughs stands LUNA, a Polynucleotide (PN) skin booster, poised to revolutionize the way we approach skin rejuvenation and regeneration.\nImagine a skincare solution that taps into the body’s natural healing mechanisms to stimulate collagen production, improve skin elasticity, and reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines. LUNA does precisely that, harnessing the power of Polynucleotide technology to deliver remarkable results.\nBut what exactly is Polynucleotide technology, and how does it work?\nPolynucleotides, or PN, are chains of nucleotides found in DNA and RNA, the building blocks of life. In skincare, PN derived from salmon DNA are utilized for their remarkable regenerative properties. These molecules have the ability to penetrate deep into the skin, where they stimulate cellular repair and renewal processes.\nLUNA utilizes PN technology in a concentrated serum form. Upon application, the PN molecules penetrate the skin’s layers, triggering a cascade of biological responses that promote collagen synthesis, enhance tissue repair, and improve overall skin health.\nOne of the key benefits of LUNA is its ability to address multiple skincare concerns simultaneously. Whether you’re battling signs of aging, sun damage, or environmental stressors, LUNA offers a comprehensive solution for skin rejuvenation. By promoting collagen production and enhancing skin elasticity, LUNA helps to minimize the appearance of dark circle’s ,wrinkles and fine lines, resulting in smoother, firmer skin.\nFurthermore, LUNA’s regenerative properties make it an excellent choice for improving skin texture and tone. Whether you’re dealing with rough patches, uneven pigmentation, or dullness, LUNA can help restore your skin’s natural radiance and vitality.\nAnother noteworthy aspect of LUNA is its compatibility with various skincare treatments and procedures. Whether used alone or in conjunction with other skincare modalities such as microneedling , LUNA can enhance and prolong the results of these treatments, leading to more dramatic improvements in skin texture and appearance.\nIn a world inundated with skincare products promising miraculous results, LUNA stands out as a scientifically backed, clinically proven solution for skin rejuvenation. By harnessing the power of Polynucleotide technology, LUNA offers a holistic approach to skincare that addresses the root causes of aging and damage, resulting in radiant, youthful skin.\nAs we continue to unlock the secrets of nature’s healing powers, innovations like LUNA pave the way for a new era of skincare—one that is grounded in science, yet inspired by the wonders of the natural world. So why wait? Experience the transformative power of LUNA and rediscover the beauty of your skin.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://crocodileworld.blogspot.com/2011/11/different-types-of-crocodiles.html", "date": "2018-06-22T09:27:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864387.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20180622084714-20180622104714-00515.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.933110773563385, "token_count": 677, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__116262838", "lang": "en", "text": "Large scaly-skinned reptile with a long, low body and short legs. Crocodiles can grow up to 7 m/23 ft in length, and have long, powerful tails that propel them when swimming. They are found near swamps, lakes, and rivers in Asia, Africa, Australia, and Central America. They are fierce hunters and active mainly at night. Young crocodiles eat worms and insects, but as they mature they add frogs and small fish to their diet. Adult crocodiles will attack animals the size of antelopes and, occasionally, people. They can live up to 100 years and are related to the alligator and the smaller cayman.\nThere are 15 species of crocodile, all of them endangered, found in tropical parts of Africa, Asia, Australia, and Central America. The largest is the saltwater (indopacific) crocodile Crocodylus porosus, which can grow to 7 m/23 ft or more, and is found in eastern India, Australia, and the western Pacific, in both freshwater and saltwater habitats. The Nile crocodile C. niloticus is found in Africa and reaches 6 m/20 ft. The American crocodile C. acutus, about 4.6 m/15 ft long, is found from southern Florida to Ecuador. The gavial, or gharial, Gavialis gangeticus is sometimes placed in a family of its own. It is an Indian species that grows to 6.5 m/21 ft or more, and has a very long narrow snout specialized for capturing and eating fish. The Cuban crocodile C. rhombifer has a short snout, grows up to 3.5 m/11.5 ft, and lives in freshwater swamps in Cuba. Morelet's crocodile C. moreletti is found in Central America, where it is overhunted, and grows up to 3.5 m/11.5 ft. Johnston's crocodile C. johnstoni is an Australian crocodile that feeds mainly on fish and reaches up to 3 m/9.75 ft in length. The Siamese crocodile C. siamensis is found in the wild in Cambodia and Laos. These populations consist of only a few hundred crocodile, making the Siamese one of the most endangered crocodile species. The Philippine crocodile C. mindorensis is found in the Philippine Islands and grows to just under 3 m/9.75 ft. C. palustris is an Indian crocodile resembling the Nile crocodile but smaller, reaching up to 4 m/13 ft. The Orinoco crocodile C. intermedius grows up to 6 m/19.5 ft. Tomistoma schlegelli is found in rivers in India and Indochina and grows up to 4 m/13 ft. The African slender-snouted crocodile C. cataphractus grows up to 4 m/13 ft and is found in western and central Africa. Osteolaemus tetraspis, the dwarf crocodile, reaches only 2 m/6.6 ft in length and is found in the tropical forests of west and central Africa. The New Guinea crocodile C. novaguineae reaches 7 m/23 ft in length.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://siliconbeachtx.com/marijuana-detox/", "date": "2023-12-01T03:47:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100264.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201021234-20231201051234-00090.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9503007531166077, "token_count": 744, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__91295132", "lang": "en", "text": "Marijuana is one of the most commonly used drug in the world. There is a growing gap between the latest scientific studies about marijuana and the myths surrounding it. Some people think that as it is legalized in some places, then it must be safe. But your body does not distinguish between a legalized drug and an illicit drug. It only feels the effect that the drug creates after you have used it. Marijuana comes from the hemp plant, and the drug-containing part is found mostly in the flowers, or bud. There are over 400 chemicals contained in marijuana. The chemical that causes intoxication or the “high” in users is called THC (abbreviation for tetrahydrocannabinol). THC creates the mind-altering effects, which characterizes marijuana as a “drug.” Intoxicating literally means “poisoning by putting a toxic substance inside your body”. Any substance that intoxicates causes changes in body and mind. It can create addiction and/or dependency, making the person want to use this drug even if it harmful to them. It may be that you have heard someone say that because marijuana is a plant, it is “natural”, therefore, harmless. However, this information happens to be inaccurate. Also, burning dried leaves and flower buds and inhaling the smoke is not “natural” and as in the case of smoking cigarettes, can be harmful to the body. After marijuana usage, THC – the primary psychoactive drug ingredient – can remain in the body for up to several months. The duration that THC (or its metabolites – chemical compounds produced to eliminate the drug from the body) can stay in the system varies according to the person and depends on numerous health and lifestyle factors.\n- Metabolism– Metabolism plays an important role in determining the rate of metabolism and expulsion of THC from the system. All have a different rate of metabolism, which is determined by height, weight, sex, physical activity level, and genetics.\n- Body fat– THC builds up in the fat cells. This means that after use, it becomes more densely concentrated in fatty organs – such as the brain, ovaries, and testes. THC metabolites can be detected in body fat for up to one month after ingestion and exercise releases the THC into the blood stream.\n- Frequency of use– The frequency with which you use marijuana helps determine the extent of your detectable period. Because THC and metabolites remain in the body even after their effects have passed, frequent use will cause levels of these chemicals to accumulate, eventually remaining at a high rate. Thus, addicted users will often test positive for longer than those who smoke occasionally if they both stop using marijuana at the same time.\n- Potency– The potency of marijuana also affects how long the drug remains in the body. Strong marijuana – that is, marijuana with a high level of THC – will remain in the body longer than one of lower quality.\n- Exercises and lifestyle– The frequency of exercise is known to affect ones’ THC level – although little is known precisely “how” such exercises affect that level.\nThe detoxification symptoms from marijuana vary from each person and they can cause serious discomfort. The most common withdrawal symptoms for a chronic user are insomnia, depression, and feeling of anger. Other symptoms include decrease in sex drive, anxiety, headaches, nausea, restlessness, cravings for marijuana, and poor appetite. Using and abusing this drug can cause serious problems just like any other drug and should be dealt with the same way as any other addiction. For more info on drug and alcohol treatment be sure to contact us with any inquiries.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://testrxplus.home.blog/ingredients/", "date": "2021-09-21T16:23:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057225.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20210921161350-20210921191350-00535.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9105492830276489, "token_count": 713, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__60986299", "lang": "en", "text": "TestRX Ingredients, What’s in TestRX\nZMA (Zinc Monomethionine Aspartate, Magnesium Aspartate, Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)\nZMA is a major muscle booster. A 2000 study found it increased HGH and testosterone, both of which help muscle growth and athletic performance, in NCAA football players after just seven weeks. ZMA might also help your immune system and energy levels. We’ve barely scratched the surface on this exciting combination.\nFenugreek Seed Extract (50% Saponins) – 300 Mg Per Serving\nFenugreek may help you bust fat. It’s an Indian herb that’s rich in a compound called 4-hydroxyisoleucine. A 2010 study found it helped male volunteers lower their body fat and boost their testosterone and bioavailability. Your libido might like it, too. In a 2011 study, they discovered that fenugreek boosted arousal and libido in guys without erectile dysfunction.\nVitamin D3 – 1,140 IU Per Serving\nA 2011 study of 165 volunteers found vitamin D3 boosted total bioactive and free testosterone by almost 25% when supplemented for a year. “The Sunshine Vitamin” supports a variety of essential functions from calcium absorption to boosting testosterone, with the latter being important for muscle development.\nViyamin K2 (MK4) – 20 MCG Per Serving\nVitamin K is a group of compounds, of which K2 is especially important. Vitamin K2 appears to help reduce bone loss, stabilize testosterone levels, and may help the cardiovascular system, as well, all of which helps in the weight room.\nVitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCL) – 5 Mg Per Serving\nA 1984 study suggests Vitamin B6 influences testosterone and other steroid hormones, most likely by recycling receptors from the nucleus to cytosol after initial translocation. The English version is that it seems to tell the testes to make more testosterone. Vitamin B6 may also influence estrogen levels, which contributes to the complex dance of your hormones and wellness.\nMagnesium (Magnesium Aspartate) – 200 Mg Per Serving\nThe next time you’re tempted to put back an energy drink, try magnesium instead. A 1998 study revealed that this second most common electrolyte in the body helped triathletes significantly reduce their time to swim, run and bike long distances, with no rest in between. It’s also linked to higher testosterone and physical strength.\nZinc (Zinc Monomethionine) – 10 Mg Per Serving\nZinc may help preserve your testosterone. A 2006 study found exhausted wrestlers who supplemented with zinc preserved their testosterone and athletic performance. It may help your virility, too. In a 1981 study of men with low testosterone, they took zinc and recovered their sexual performance.\nD-Aspartic Acid – 2300 Mg Per Serving\nD Aspartic Acid (D-AA) is a powerful testosterone booster. It helps testosterone synthesis, primarily in the central brain, where it stimulates luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (HGH), which tells the testes to make more testosterone. That’s supported by a 2009 study, which found D-AA boosted testosterone in 20 out of 23 guys by up to 43% after just 12 days.\nYou May Also Want To Read:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cpdsingapore.com/product/plant-parts-and-functions/", "date": "2023-12-11T09:51:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679103810.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211080606-20231211110606-00112.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9319981932640076, "token_count": 386, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__261834648", "lang": "en", "text": "This pack contains 22 flashcards. You will receive a PDF digital file for download after purchase.\nPlants play an important role in our daily lives and it’s essential for children to learn about them at an early age. From the food we eat to the air we breathe, plants have a significant impact on our well-being. As a parent or teacher, you can make learning about plants both fun and interactive for kids by using flashcards.\nFlashcards are a simple yet effective tool that helps children learn and retain information in a fun and engaging way. By using flashcards, you can make learning about plant parts and functions an interactive and enjoyable experience for kids. With colorful illustrations and clear labeling, flashcards help kids identify different parts of plants, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, and understand their functions.\nThe use of flashcards is a great way to encourage kids to take an active role in learning about plants. As kids flip through the cards, they can test their knowledge by matching the part with its function or identifying the different parts of a plant. This interactive approach makes learning about plants an enjoyable and memorable experience for kids.\nIn addition, flashcards are a convenient tool for busy parents and teachers. They can easily be stored and taken on-the-go, making it easy to squeeze in some plant learning anytime, anywhere. Whether it’s at home, in the park, or on a trip, flashcards provide a simple and portable way to learn about plants.\nIn conclusion, flashcards are a fun and interactive way to teach kids about plant parts and functions. With colorful illustrations and clear labeling, they help kids understand the important role that plants play in our daily lives and encourage an active learning experience. So, why not get a set of flashcards today and start your child on a journey of learning about the fascinating world of plants!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://virati.icu/article/gluconeogenesis-toskana-diaet", "date": "2023-05-29T11:17:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644855.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529105815-20230529135815-00522.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8856844305992126, "token_count": 10666, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__257696774", "lang": "en", "text": "Glukoneogeneseit is a pathway leading to the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate and other non-carbohydrate precursors, even in non-photosynthetic organisms.\nIt is found in all microorganisms, fungi, plants and animals and the reactions are essentially the same, leading to the synthesis of one molecule of glucose from two molecules of pyruvate. That's essentially how it isGlycolysisvice versa, which instead goes from glucose to pyruvate and shares seven enzymes with it.\nGlukogenolysediffers greatly from gluconeogenesis: it does not lead toonce againProduction of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors as shown by their general response:\nGlycogen or (glucose)Norte→ n Glucose molecules\nThe following discussion focuses on the gluconeogenesis that occurs in higher animals and particularly in the mammalian liver.\n- Why is gluconeogenesis important?\n- Where does gluconeogenesis take place?\n- Irreversible stages of gluconeogenesis\n- From pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate\n- Phosphoenolpyruvate precursors: pyruvate or alanine\n- Phosphoenolpyruvate precursor: lactate\n- From fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate\n- From glucose-6-phosphate to glucose\n- Gluconeogenesis: energetically expensive\n- From pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate\n- Coordinated regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis.\n- Regulation der Gluconeogenese\n- PFK-1, FBPase-1 and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate\n- PEP carboxiquinasa\n- Regulation der Gluconeogenese\n- Precursors of gluconeogenesis\n- glucogenic amino acids\n- Ketogenic Amino Acids\nWhy is gluconeogenesis important?\nGluconeogenesis is an essential metabolic pathway for at least two reasons.\n- Ensures the maintenance of a reasonableblood sugar levelsif the liverGlycogenis almost sold out and nocarbohydratesYou will be taken.\n- It is important to keep blood glucose within the normal range of 3.3 to 5.5 mmol/L (60 and 99 mg/dL) because many cells and tissues are highly or completely dependent on glucose for their ATP -to meet needs; Examples are red blood cells, neurons, skeletal muscles working in oxygen-poor conditions, renal medulla, testes, eye lens and cornea, and embryonic tissues. For example, the brain's glucose requirement is about 120 g/day, which corresponds to:\nmore than 50% of the whole body stores the monosaccharide, about 210 g, of which 190 g is stored in the liver andMuscle glycogen, and 20 g are found freely in body fluids;\nabout 75% of the daily requirement for glucose, about 160 g.\nDuring fasting, between meals, or overnight, blood glucose levels remain in the normal range due to hepatic glycogenolysis and the release offatty acidsof adipose tissue and ketone bodies by the liver.fatty acidsand ketone bodies are preferentially utilized by skeletal muscle, thereby sparing glucose for glucose-dependent cells and tissues, primarily red blood cells and neurons. After about 18 hours of fasting or during intense and prolonged physical activityGlycogenReserves are exhausted and may no longer be sufficient. At this point, gluconeogenesis becomes important when carbohydrates are not ingested.\nAnd the importance of gluconeogenesis is underscored by the fact that unconsciousness occurs at blood glucose levels below 2 mmol/L.\n- Excretion of pyruvate would result in loss of ability to produce ATP through aerobic respiration, i.e. more than 10 molecules of ATP for every molecule of oxidized pyruvate.\nWhere does gluconeogenesis take place?\nIn higher animals, gluconeogenesis occurs in the liver, renal cortex, and epithelial cells of the small intestine, i. H. the enterocytes.\nQuantitatively, the liver is the main site of gluconeogenesis, accounting for about 90% of synthesized glucose, followed by the renal cortex with about 10%. The liver's fundamental role is based on its size; In fact, based on wet weight, the renal cortex produces more glucose than the liver.\nIn the renal cortex, gluconeogenesis occurs in the cells of the proximal tubule, the part of the nephron that immediately follows the glomerulus. Much of the glucose produced in the kidney is utilized by the renal medulla, while the kidney's role in maintaining blood sugar levels becomes more important during prolonged fasting and liver failure. However, it must be emphasized that the kidneys, unlike the liver, do not have any significant glycogen stores and only contribute to maintaining blood sugar homeostasis through gluconeogenesis and not through glycogenolysis.\nPart of the gluconeogenetic pathway also occurs in skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and the brain, albeit to a very small extent. In adults, the muscle weighs about 18 times that of the liver; so yoursonce againGlucose synthesis can be of quantitative importance. However, the release of glucose into the circulation does not occur because, unlike the liver, renal cortex, and enterocytes, these tissues lack glucose-6-phosphatase (EC 188.8.131.52), an enzyme that catalyzes the final step in glucose circulation. (See below). .\nTherefore, the production of glucose-6-phosphate, including glycogenolysis, does not contribute to the maintenance of blood sugar levels and only helps to replenish glycogen stores, which are small in the brain and mainly limited to astrocytes. For these tissues, particularly skeletal muscle due to its large mass, the contribution to blood glucose homeostasis arises only from the small amount of glucose released in the reaction catalyzed by enzymatic debranching (EC 184.108.40.206) of glycogenolysis .\nIn terms of cellular localization, most of the reactions take place in the cytosol, some in the mitochondria, and the final step) within the endoplasmic reticulum cisternae.\nIrreversible stages of gluconeogenesis\nAs stated above, gluconeogenesis is essentially reverse glycolysis. And of the ten reactions that make up gluconeogenesis, seven are shared with glycolysis; These reactions have a ΔG close to zero and are therefore easily reversible. However, under intracellular conditions, the total ΔG for glycolysis is about -63 kJ/mol (-15 kcal/mol) and for gluconeogenesis about -16 kJ/mol (-3.83 kcal/mol). are irreversible.\nThe irreversibility of the glycolysis pathway is due to three highly exergonic reactions that cannot be used in gluconeogenesis, listed below.\n- The phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate catalyzed by hexokinase (EC 220.127.116.11) or glucokinase (EC 18.104.22.168).\nΔG = -33,4 kJ/mol (-8 kcal/mol)\nΔG°' = -16,7 kJ/mol (-4 kcal/mol)\n- Phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate catalyzed by phosphofructokinase-1 or PFK-1 (EC 22.214.171.124)\nΔG = -22,2 kJ/mol (-5,3 kcal/mol)\nΔG°' = -14,2 kJ/mol (-3,4 kcal/mol)\n- The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate or PEP to pyruvate catalyzed by pyruvate kinase (EC 126.96.36.199)\nΔG = -16,7 kJ/mol (-4,0 kcal/mol)\nΔG°' = -31,4 kJ/mol (-7,5 kcal/mol)\nIn gluconeogenesis, these three steps are bypassed by enzymes that catalyze irreversible steps towards glucose synthesis: this ensures the irreversibility of the metabolic pathway.\nThese reactions are discussed below.\nFrom pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate\nThe first step in gluconeogenesis that bypasses an irreversible step in glycolysis, i. H. the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate kinase is the conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate.\nPhosphoenolpyruvate is synthesized by two reactions catalyzed by enzymes in this order:\n- Pyruvatcarboxylase (EC 188.8.131.52);\n- Phosphoenolpyruvat-Carboxykinase oder PEP-Carboxykinase (EC 184.108.40.206).\nPyruvat → Oxalacetat → Phosphoenolpyruvat\nPyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate using ATP. The enzyme requires the presence of magnesium or manganese ions.\nPyruvate + HCO3–+ ATP → Oxalacetat + ADP + PEU\nDiscovered by Merton Utter in 1960, the enzyme is a mitochondrial protein composed of four identical subunits, each with catalytic activity. The subunits contain a biotin prosthetic group covalently attached through an amide bond to the ε-amino group of a lysine residue, which acts as a carrier for activated CO.2during the reaction. An allosteric binding site for acetyl-CoA is also present on each subunit.\nIt should be noted that the pyruvate carboxylase catalyzed reaction leading to the production of oxaloacetate also provides intermediates for the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle.\nPhosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is present in approximately equal amounts in the mitochondria and cytosol of hepatocytes. Isoenzymes are encoded by separate nuclear genes.\nThe enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation and phosphorylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate in a reaction in which GTP acts as a high-energy phosphate donor. PEP carboxykinase requires the presence of magnesium and manganese ions. The reaction is reversible under normal cell conditions.\nOxalacetat + GTP ⇄ PEP + CO2+ BIP\nThis reaction produces CO2the same molecule that is added to pyruvate in the pyruvate carboxylase catalyzed reaction is removed. The carboxylation-decarboxylation sequence is used to activate pyruvate since decarboxylation of oxaloacetate facilitates the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate, making it thermodynamically viable.\nMore generally, the carboxylation-decarboxylation sequence strongly promotes endergonic reactions and also occurs in the citric acid cycle wherevia pentose phosphate, also called the hexose monophosphate pathway, and in the synthesis of fatty acids.\nPEP carboxykinase levels are very low before birth, while their activity increases many-fold a few hours after birth. Because of this, gluconeogenesis is activated after birth.\nThe sum of the reactions catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is:\nPyruvat + ATP + GTP + HCO3–→ PEP + ADP + PIB + PEU+CO2\nΔG°' of the reaction is equal to 0.9 kJ/mol (0.2 kcal/mol), while the standard free energy change associated with the formation of pyruvate from phosphoenolpyruvate by the kinase inversion of the pyruvate reaction is +31.4 kJ /mol (7.5 kcal/mol). Wart).\nAlthough ΔG°' of the two steps leading to the formation of PEP from pyruvate is slightly positive, the actual free energy change (ΔG) calculated from the intracellular concentrations of the intermediates is strongly negative, -25 kJ/mol ( - 6 kcal/mol). This is due to the rapid consumption of phosphoenolpyruvate in other reactions, keeping its concentration at very low levels. Therefore, the synthesis of PEP from pyruvate is irreversible under cellular conditions.\nIt is important to note that the metabolic pathway for the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate depends on the precursor: pyruvate or alanine or lactate.\nPhosphoenolpyruvate precursors: pyruvate or alanine\nThe shunt responses described below are predominant when the glucogenic precursor is alanine or pyruvate.\nPyruvate carboxylase is a mitochondrial enzyme, therefore pyruvate must be transported from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix. This is mediated by transporters located in the inner mitochondrial membrane called MPC1 and MPC2. ThisProteinWhen associated, they form a hetero-oligomer that facilitates the transport of pyruvate.\nPyruvate can also be produced from alanine in the mitochondrial matrix by transamination in the reaction catalyzed by alanine aminotransferase (EC 220.127.116.11), while the amino group is then converted to urea via the urea cycle.\nSince the enzymes involved in the final stages of gluconeogenesis, with the exception of glucose-6-phosphatase, are cytosolic, oxaloacetate produced in the mitochondrial matrix is transported to the cytosol. However, there are no oxaloacetate transporters in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The passage to the cytosol occurs as a result of its reduction to malate, which, on the contrary, can pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane. The reaction is catalyzed by mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (EC 18.104.22.168), an enzyme also involved in the citric acid cycle where the reaction occurs in reverse. In the reaction, NADH is oxidized to NAD.+.\nOxalacetat + NADH + H+⇄ Malate + NAD+\nAlthough the ΔG°' of the reaction is highly positive, under physiological conditions the ΔG is close to zero and the reaction is easily reversible.\nMalate crosses the inner mitochondrial membrane via a component of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the malate-α-ketoglutamate transporter. Once in the cytosol, malate is reoxidized to oxaloacetate in the reaction catalyzed by cytosolic malate dehydrogenase. In this NAD reaction+reduces NADH.\nMalate + NAD+→ Oxalacetat + NADH + H+\nNote: The malate-aspartate shuttle is the most active shuttle for transporting reducing NADH equivalents from the cytosol to the mitochondria. It is found in the mitochondria of the liver, kidneys and heart.\nThe reaction allows for the transport of mitochondrial reducing equivalents in the form of NADH into the cytosol. This transfer is necessary for gluconeogenesis because in the cytosol NADH, oxidized in the reaction catalyzed by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 22.214.171.124), occurs in very low concentrations with a [NADH]/[NAD+] ratio equals 8×10-4, about 100,000 times smaller than that observed in mitochondria.\nFinally, oxaloacetate is converted to phosphoenolpyruvate in the reaction catalyzed by PEP carboxykinase.\nPhosphoenolpyruvate precursor: lactate\nLactate is one of the most important gluconeogenic precursors. It is made for example by:\n- red blood cells, which depend entirely on anaerobic glycolysis for ATP production;\n- Skeletal muscle during intense physical activity, d. H. under oxygen starved conditions when the rate of glycolysis exceeds the rate of the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.\nIf lactate is the gluconeogenic precursor, PEP synthesis occurs via a different pathway than previously seen. In the cytosol of NAD hepatocytes+the concentration is high and lactate is oxidized to pyruvate in the reaction catalyzed by the hepatic isoenzyme lactate dehydrogenase (EC 126.96.36.199). In the NAD reaction+reduces NADH.\nLactate + NAD+→ Pyruvate + NADH + H+\nProduction of cytosolic NADH obviates the need for export of reducing equivalents from mitochondria.\nPyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix to be converted to oxaloacetate in the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase. In mitochondria, oxaloacetate is converted to phosphoenolpyruvate in the reaction catalyzed by mitochondrial pyruvate carboxylase. Phosphoenolpyruvate leaves the mitochondria via an anion transporter located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and, once in the cytosol, continues on the pathway of gluconeogenesis.\nNote: The synthesis of glucose from lactate can be considered part of theChoriclusthat occurs in the liver.\nFrom fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate\nThe second step in gluconeogenesis, bypassing an irreversible step in the glycolysis pathway, ie the reaction catalyzed by PFK-1, is the dephosphorylation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.\nThis reaction, catalyzed by fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase or FBPasi-1 (EC 188.8.131.52), a Mg2+Dependent enzyme located in cytosol leads to hydrolysis of C-1-phosphate from fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, without ATP production.\nFructose-1,6-bisphosphat + H2O → Fructose-6-Phosphate + PEU\nThe ΔG°' of the reaction is -16.3 kJ/mol (-3.9 kcal/mol), so it is an irreversible reaction.\nFrom glucose-6-phosphate to glucose\nThe third step in gluconeogenesis, which bypasses an irreversible step in the glycolysis pathway, ie the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase or glucokinase, is the dephosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose.\nThis reaction is catalyzed by the catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase, a protein complex found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of hepatocytes, enterocytes and renal proximal tubular cells. The glucose-6-phosphatase complex consists of a glucose-6-phosphate catalytic subunit and a glucose-6-phosphate transporter called glucose-6-phosphate translocase or T1.\nThe catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase has its active site on the luminal side of the organelle. That is, the enzyme catalyzes the release of glucose not into the cytosol but into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.\nGlucose-6-phosphate is localized both from gluconeogenesis arising in the reaction catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphate isomerase or phosphoglucose isomerase (EC 184.108.40.206) and from glycogenolysis arising in that catalyzed by phosphoglucomutase Reaction (EC 220.127.116.11) arises. . . . in the cytosol and must enter the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum to be dephosphorylated. Its transport is mediated by glucose-6-phosphate translocase.\nThe catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase, a Mg2+As an enzyme-dependent enzyme, it catalyzes the final step in both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. And like the reaction catalyzed by fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, this reaction results in the hydrolysis of a phosphate ester.\nGlucose-6-Phosphat + H2O → Glucose + PEU\nIt should also be noted that due to the orientation of the active site, the cell separates this enzymatic activity from the cytosol, preventing the glycolysis taking place in the cytosol from being terminated by the enzymatic action on glucose-6-phosphate.\nThe ΔG°' of the reaction is -13.8 kJ/mol (-3.3 kcal/mol), so it is an irreversible reaction. Conversely, if the reaction were instead catalyzed by hexokinase/glucokinase, transfer of a phosphate group from glucose-6-phosphate to ADP would be required. Such a reaction would have a ΔG of +33.4 kJ/mol (+8 kcal/mol) and would therefore be strongly endergonic. Similar considerations can be made for the FBPase-1 catalyzed reaction.\nglucose and PEUThe group appears to be transported to the cytosol by different transporters termed T2 and T3, the latter being an anion transporter.\nFinally, glucose leaves the hepatocytes via the GLUT2 membrane transporter, enters the bloodstream, and is transported to the tissues that need it. In contrast, under physiological conditions, as mentioned above, the glucose produced by the kidney is mainly used by the renal medulla.\nGluconeogenesis: energetically expensive\nAs with glycolysis, much of the energy consumed is consumed in the irreversible phases of the process.\nSix high-energy phosphate bonds are consumed: two by GTP and four by ATP. In addition, two molecules of NADH are required for the reduction of two molecules of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate in the reaction catalyzed by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The oxidation of NADH causes the lack of production of 5 ATP molecules, which are synthesized when the electrons of the reduced coenzyme are used in oxidative phosphorylation.\nFurthermore, these energetic considerations show that gluconeogenesis is not simply reverse glycolysis, in which case it would require the consumption of two molecules of ATP, as shown by the general glycolysis equation.\nGlukose + 2 ADP + 2 PEU+ 2 NAD+→ 2 Pyruvato + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H++ 2 hours2Ö\nHere is the general equation for gluconeogenesis:\n2 Pyruvate + 4 ATP + 2 GTP + 2 NADH++ 2 hours++ 4 hours2O → Glukose + 4 ADP + 2 BIP + 6 PEU+ 2 NAD+\nAt least in the liver, the ATP needed for gluconeogenesis comes primarily from the oxidation of fatty acids or the carbon skeletons of amino acids, depending on the \"fuel\" available.\nCoordinated regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis.\nIf glycolysis and gluconeogenesis were active simultaneously at high rates in the same cell, the only products would be ATP consumption and heat production, particularly in the irreversible steps of both pathways, and nothing else.\nFor example, considering PFK-1 and FBPasi-1:\nATP + Fructose-6-phosphate → ADP + Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate\nFructose-1,6-bisphosphat + H2O → Fructose-6-Phosphate + PEU\nThe sum of the two reactions is:\nATP + H2O → ADP + PEU+ heat\nTwo reactions occurring simultaneously in opposite directions result in a waste cycle or substrate cycle. These seemingly pointless cycles allow for the regulation of opposing metabolic pathways. In fact, different enzymes are involved in a substrate cycle, at least two whose activity can be regulated separately. Such regulation would not be possible if a single enzyme acts in both directions. The activity of the enzymes involved is modulated by:\n- allosteric mechanisms;\n- covalent modifications such as phosphorylation and dephosphorylation;\n- Changes in the concentration of the enzymes involved due to changes in their synthesis/degradation ratio.\nAllosteric mechanisms are very fast and immediately reversible, occurring within milliseconds. The others, triggered by signals from outside the cell, such as hormones such as insulin, glucagon, or epinephrine, occur on a time scale of seconds or minutes, and hours with changes in enzyme concentration.\nThis allows coordinated regulation of the two pathways and ensures that when pyruvate enters gluconeogenesis, the flow of glucose through the glycolytic pathway is slowed and vice versa.\nRegulation der Gluconeogenese\nThe regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis involves the unique enzymes of each pathway, not the common ones.\nWhile the main checkpoints of glycolysis are the reactions catalyzed by PFK-1 and pyruvate kinase, the main checkpoints of gluconeogenesis are the reactions catalyzed by fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and pyruvate carboxylase.\nThe other two enzymes unique to gluconeogenesis, glucose-6-phosphatase and PEP-carboxykinase, are regulated at the transcriptional level.\nIn mitochondria, pyruvate can be converted into:\n- Acetyl-CoA, in reactions catalyzed byPyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, reaction linking glycolysis to the Krebs cycle;\n- Oxaloacetate, in the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase to continue the gluconeogenesis pathway.\nThe metabolic fate of pyruvate depends on the availability of acetyl-CoA, ie the availability of fatty acids in the mitochondria.\nWhen fatty acids are available, their β-oxidation leads to the production of acetyl-CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle and leads to the production of GTP and NADH. When the cell's energy needs are met, oxidative phosphorylation decreases, [NADH]/[NAD+] increases, NADH inhibits the citric acid cycle, and acetyl-CoA accumulates in the mitochondrial matrix. Acetyl-CoA is a positive allosteric effector of pyruvate carboxylase and a negative allosteric effector of pyruvate kinase. In addition, it inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex both through feedback inhibition and through phosphorylation through activation of a specific kinase.\nThis means that when the cell is subjected to a high energy load, the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate decreases, while the conversion of pyruvate to glucose is stimulated. Therefore, acetyl-CoA is a molecule that indicates that no further oxidation of glucose is required for energy production and that glucogenic precursors can be used for glucose synthesis and storage.\nOn the other hand, when acetyl-CoA levels fall, the activity of pyruvate kinase and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex increases, and with it the flux of metabolites through the citric acid cycle. This supplies energy to the cell.\nIn summary, when the cell is under high energy load, pyruvate carboxylase is active since the first checkpoint of gluconeogenesis determines the fate of pyruvate in the mitochondria.\nThe second important control point in gluconeogenesis is the reaction catalyzed by fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. The enzyme is allosterically inhibited by AMP. When AMP levels are high and consequently ATP levels are low, gluconeogenesis decreases. This means that, as seen above, FBPase-1 is active when the cell's energy load is high enough to support itonce againGlukosesynthese.\nIn contrast, PFK-1, the corresponding glycolytic enzyme, is allosterically activated by AMP and ADP and allosterically inhibited by ATP and citrate, the latter as a result of the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. For this reason:\n- when AMP levels are high, gluconeogenesis decreases and glycolysis accelerates;\n- When ATP levels are high, or when acetyl-CoA or citrate are present in sufficient concentrations, gluconeogenesis is promoted while glycolysis is slowed.\nElevated levels of citrate indicate that citric acid cycle activity may be decreasing; In this way, pyruvate can be used in the synthesis of glucose.\nPFK-1, FBPase-1 and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate\nThe liver plays a key role in maintaining blood sugar homeostasis: this requires regulatory mechanisms that coordinate the consumption and production of glucose. Two hormones are mainly involved: glucagon and insulin. They act intracellularly through fructose-2,6-bisphosphate or F2,6BP, an allosteric effector of PFK-1 and FBPase-1. This molecule is structurally related to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate but is not an intermediate in glycolysis or gluconeogenesis.\nIt was discovered in 1980 by Emile Van Schaftingen and Henri-Gery Hers as a potent activator of PFK-1. The following year, the same researchers showed that it is also a potent FBPase-1 inhibitor.\nWhen fructose-2,6-bisphosphate binds to the allosteric site of PFK-1, it decreases the enzyme's affinity for ATP and citrate, allosteric inhibitors, while increasing the enzyme's affinity for fructose-6-phosphate, its substrate PFK- 1 is practically inactive in the absence of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and in the presence of physiological concentrations of ATP, fructose-6-phosphate, and the allosteric effectors AMP, ATP, and citrate. On the other hand, the presence of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate activates PFK-1 and thus stimulates glycolysis in hepatocytes. At the same time, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate delays gluconeogenesis by inhibiting fructose-1,6-bisphosphate even in the absence of AMP. However, the effects of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and AMP on FBPase-1 activity are synergistic.\nThe concentration of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is regulated by the relative rates of synthesis and breakdown. It is synthesized from fructose-6-phosphate in the reaction catalyzed by phosphofructokinase-2 or PFK-2 (EC 18.104.22.168) and to fructose-6-phosphate in the reaction catalyzed by fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase or FBPasi-2 hydrolyzed (EC 22.214.171.124). These two enzyme activities reside in a single bifunctional enzyme or tandem enzyme. In the liver, the balance of these two enzyme activities is regulated by insulin and glucagon, as described below.\nIt's released into the system when blood sugar levels drop, signaling the liver to increase and decrease the use of glucose for its own needsonce againSynthesis of glucose and its release from glycogen stores.\nAfter binding to specific membrane receptors, glucagon stimulates hepatic adenylate cyclase (EC 126.96.36.199) to synthesize 3',5'-cyclic AMP or cAMP, which activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase or protein kinase A or PKA (EC188.8.131.52). ). The kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of a specific serine residue (Ser32) of PFK-2/FBPase-2. As a result of phosphorylation, phosphatase activity increases while kinase activity decreases. This reduction due to the increase in KMetrofructose-6-phosphate causes a decrease in fructose-2,6-bisphosphate levels, which in turn inhibits glycolysis and stimulates gluconeogenesis. Therefore, in response to glucagon, the liver produces more glucose, allowing the organ to counteract the drop in blood sugar levels.\nNote: Like adrenaline, glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis by also increasing the availability of substrates such as glycerol and amino acids.\nAfter binding to specific membrane receptors, insulin activates a protein phosphatase, phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A or PP2A, which catalyzes the removal of the phosphate group from PFK-2/FBPase-2, thereby increasing PFK-2 activity and decreasing PFK-2 activity. 2nd -2 activity. (At the same time, insulin also stimulates a cAMP phosphodiesterase, which hydrolyzes cAMP to AMP.) This increases the level of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, which in turn inhibits gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis.\nIn addition, fructose-6-phosphate allosterically inhibits FBPase-2 and activates PFK-2. It should be noted that the activities of PFK-2 and FBPase-2 are inhibited by their reaction products. However, the main effectors are the level of fructose-6-phosphate and the phosphorylation state of the enzyme.\nIn contrast to pyruvate carboxylase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, the catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase is not subject to allosteric or covalent regulation. Its activity is modulated at the transcriptional level. Low blood sugar and glucagon, that is, factors that lead to increased glucose production, and glucocorticoids stimulate their synthesis, which, on the contrary, is inhibited by insulin.\nAlso the k.Metrofor glucose-6-phosphate is significantly larger than the range of physiological concentrations for glucose-6-phosphate itself. Therefore, it is said that the activity of the enzyme depends almost linearly on the concentration of the substrate, ie the enzyme is controlled by the substrate level.\nThe enzyme is mainly regulated at the level of synthesis and degradation. For example, high levels of glucagon or fasting increase protein production, stabilize your mRNA, and increase your transcription rate. Elevated levels of glucose or insulin in the blood have adverse effects.\nXylulose-5-phosphate, a product of the pentose phosphate pathway, is a recently discovered regulatory molecule. Stimulates glycolysis and inhibits gluconeogenesis by controlling fructose-2,6-bisphosphate levels in the liver.\nIf the blood sugar level rises, e.g. After a carbohydrate-rich meal, activation of the glycolysis and hexose monophosphate pathways in the liver occurs. The xylulose-5-phosphate produced activates protein phosphatase 2A which, as indicated above, dephosphorylates PFK-2/FBPase-2, inhibits FBPase-2 and stimulates PFK-2. This leads to an increase in the concentration of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and then to the inhibition of gluconeogenesis and stimulation of glycolysis, resulting in increased production of acetyl-CoA, the main substrate forLipidSynthesis. At the same time, there is increased flux through the hexose monophosphate shunt, resulting in the production of NADPH, a source of electrons forLipidSynthesis. Finally, PP2A also dephosphorylates carbohydrate-sensitive element-binding protein, or ChREBP, a transcription factor that activates expression of liver genes for lipid synthesis. Therefore, in response to an increase in blood sugar levels, lipid synthesis is stimulated.\nTherefore, it is clear that xylulose-5-phosphate is an important regulator of carbohydrate and fat metabolism.\nPrecursors of gluconeogenesis\nBesides the already mentioned pyruvate, the main gluconeogenic precursors are lactate, glycerol, most amino acids and in general any compound that can be converted intoPyruvateo Oxalacetat.\nGlycerin is released throughLipolysisin adipose tissue. With the exception of propionyl-CoA, it is the only usable part of the lipid moleculeonce againGlucose synthesis in animals.\nGlycerol enters gluconeogenesis or glycolysis, depending on the cellular energy load, as dihydroxyacetone phosphate, or DHAP, which is synthesized in two steps.\nIn the first step, glycerol is phosphorylated to glycerol-3-phosphate in the reaction catalyzed by glycerol kinase (EC 184.108.40.206) using an ATP.\nGlycerin + ATP → Glycerin-3-phosphat + ADP + PEU\nThe enzyme is absent from adipocytes but is present in the liver; This means that glycerol must reach the liver to be further metabolized.\nGlycerol-3-phosphate is then oxidized to dihydroxyacetone phosphate in a reaction catalyzed by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 220.127.116.11). In this NAD reaction+reduces NADH.\nGlycerin-3-phosphat + NAD+⇄ Diidroxiacetona fosfato + NADH + H+\nDuring prolonged fasting, glycerol is the main gluconeogenic precursor, accounting for about 20% of glucose production.\nglucogenic amino acids\nPyruvate and oxaloacetate are the gateways for glucogenic amino acids, i.e. those whose carbon skeleton or parts of it can be usedonce againGlukosesynthese.\nAmino acids result from the catabolism ofProtein, both from food and from endogenous proteins such as those from skeletal muscle in the fasted state or during intense and prolonged exercise.\nThe catabolic processes of each of the twenty amino acids that make up proteins converge to form seven major products: acetyl-CoA, acetoacetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, fumarate, oxaloacetate, and pyruvate.\nExcept acetyl-CoA, acetoacetyl-CoA, the other five molecules can be used for gluconeogenesis. This means that gluconeogenic amino acids can also be defined as those whose carbon skeleton or parts thereof can be converted into one or more of the above-mentioned molecules.\nEntry points for gluconeogenic amino acids are shown below.\n- Pyruvate: Alanine, Cysteine, Glycine, Serine, Threonine and Tryptophan.\n- Oxaloacetate: aspartate and asparagine.\n- α-Ketoglutarate: Glutamate, Arginine, Glutamine, Histidine und Proline.\n- Succinyl-CoA: Isoleucin, Methionin, Threonin und Valin.\n- Fumarate: phenylalanine and tyrosine.\nCitric acid cycle intermediates, α-ketoglutarate, succinyl-CoA and fumarate enter the gluconeogenic pathway after conversion to oxaloacetate.\nThe use of the carbon skeletons of amino acids requires the removal of the amino group. Alanine and glutamate, key molecules in the transport of amino groups from extrahepatic tissues to the liver, are the major glucogenic amino acids in mammals. Alanine is the main gluconeogenic substrate in the liver; This amino acid is transported through the muscle liver and other peripheral tissuesGlucose-Alanine Cycle.\nKetogenic Amino Acids\nAcetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA cannot be used for gluconeogenesis and are precursors to fatty acids and ketone bodies. The stoichiometry of the citric acid cycle makes it clear why they can't get used to itonce againGlukosesynthese.\nAcetyl-CoA condenses in the citrate synthase-catalyzed reaction with oxaloacetate to form citrate, a 6-carbon molecule instead of 4 like oxaloacetate. However, although the two carbon atoms of acetyl-CoA become part of the oxaloacetate molecule, two carbon atoms are oxidized and eliminated as CO.2, in reactions catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 18.104.22.168) and the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Therefore, acetyl-CoA creates no net carbon gain for the citric acid cycle.\nFurthermore, the reaction leading to the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate and catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which is the bridge between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, is irreversible and there is no other pathway, acetyl-CoA to convert in pyruvate.\nPyruvate + NAD++ CoASH → Acetyl-CoA + NADH + H++C02\nFor this reason, amino acids whose breakdown produces acetyl-CoA and/or acetoacetyl-CoA are called ketogenic.\nOnly leucine and lysine are uniquely ketogenic.\nNote: Plants, yeast and many bacteria can use acetyl-CoAonce againGlucose synthesis as they possess the glyoxylate cycle. This cycle shares four reactions with the citric acid cycle, two unique enzymes, isocitrate lyase (EC22.214.171.124) and malate synthase (EC 126.96.36.199), but lacks the decarboxylation reactions. Therefore, organisms possessing this pathway can utilize fatty acids for gluconeogenesis.\nFive amino acids, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, threonine, and tryptophan, are glucogenic and ketogenic because part of their carbon structure can be used for gluconeogenesis while the other gives rise to ketone bodies.\nPropionate, a three-carbon fatty acid, is a gluconeogenic precursor because, like propionyl-CoA, the active molecule, it can be converted to succinyl-CoA.\nThe various sources of propionate are discussed below.\n- It can arise from the β-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids such as margaric acid, asaturated fatty acidwith 17 carbon atoms. These fatty acids are rare compared to monochain fatty acids, but they are present in the fatty acid in significant amountsLipidossome marine organisms, ruminants and plants. In the final step of the β-oxidation sequence, the substrate is a five-carbon fatty acid. This means that once oxidized and split into two fragments, it produces acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA.\n- Another source is the oxidation of branched chain fatty acids, where alkyl branches have an odd number of carbon atoms. An example is phytanic acid, which is produced in ruminants by the oxidation of phytol, a breakdown product of chlorophyll.\n- In ruminants, propionate is also made from glucose. Glucose is released as cellulose is broken down by bacterial cellulase (EC 188.8.131.52) in the rumen, one of the four chambers that make up the stomach of these animals. These microorganisms then ferment to convert glucose into propionate, which after absorption can be used for gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, or for energy.\nIn ruminants, where gluconeogenesis tends to be a continuous process, propionate is the main gluconeogenic precursor.\n- Propionate can also arise from the breakdown of valine, leucine, and isoleucine (see above).\nThe oxidation of propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA involves three reactions that occur in the liver and other tissues.\nIn the first reaction, propionyl-CoA is carboxylated to D-methylmalonyl-CoA in the reaction catalyzed by propionyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 184.108.40.206), an enzyme that requires biotin. This reaction consumes one ATP.\nPropionyl-CoA + HCO3–+ ATP → D-Methylmalonyl-CoA+ ADP + PEU\nIn the subsequent reaction, catalyzed by methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase (EC 220.127.116.11), D-methylmalonyl-CoA epimerizes to its L-stereoisomer.\nD-Methylmalonyl-CoA ⇄ L-Methylmalonyl-CoA\nFinally, L-methylmalonyl-CoA undergoes intramolecular rearrangement to succinyl-CoA in the reaction catalyzed by methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (EC 18.104.22.168). This enzyme requires 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin or coenzyme B12, a derivative of cobalamin or vitamin B12, as a coenzyme.\nL-Methylmalonyl-CoA ⇄ Succinyl-CoA\n- Bender DA Introduction to nutrition and metabolism. 3. Edition. Taylor and Francisco, 2004\n- Garrett R. H., Grisham C. M. Biochemie. 4. Auflage. Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 2010\n- Kabashima T, Kawaguchi T, Wadzinski BE, Uyeda K. Xylulose-5-phosphate mediates glucose-induced lipogenesis by xylulose-5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase in rat liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:5107-5112. make:10.1073/pnas.0730817100\n- Kuriyama H. and all. Coordinated regulation of lipid-specific and liver-specific glycerol channels, lipid aquaporin and aquaporin 9. Diabetes 2002;51(10):2915-2921. make:10.2337/diabetes.51.10.2915\n- McCommis KS and Finck B.N. Mitochondrial pyruvate transport: a historical perspective and future lines of research. Biochem J. 2015;466(3):443-454. dependency:10.1042/BJ20141171\n- Nelson D.L., M.M. Cox M.M. Lehninger. principles of biochemistry. 6th edition. WH Freeman and Company, 2012\n- Rosenthal M.D., Glew R.H. Medicinal Biochemistry: The Human Metabolism in Health and Disease. John Wiley J. & Sons, Inc., publication, 2009\n- Soty M, Chilloux J, Delalande F, Zitoun C, Bertile F, Mithieux G, and Gautier-Stein A. Post-translational regulation of the glucose-6-phosphatase complex by cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a critical determinant of endogenous glucose production and is controlled by the glucose-6-phosphate transporter. J Proteome Res 2016;15(4):1342-1349. make:10.1021/acs.jproteoma.6b00110\n- Stipanuk M.H., Caudill M.A. Biochemical, physiological and molecular aspects of human nutrition. 3. Edition. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012\n- Van Schaftingen E. and Hers H-G. Inhibition of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981;78(5):2861-2863. make:10.1073/pnas.78.5.2861\n- Van Schaftingen E, Jett MF, Hue L and Hers HG. Control of hepatic 6-phosphofructokinase by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and other effectors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981;78(6):3483-3486. make:10.1073/pnas.78.6.3483", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://adeward.co.uk/the-reptilian-brain/", "date": "2018-09-24T15:47:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267160568.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20180924145620-20180924170020-00045.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9444689750671387, "token_count": 589, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__44434490", "lang": "en", "text": "Neuro Marketing Part One\nHave you ever wondered why you notice some adverts and not others?\nThe reptilian brain is thought to be the oldest evolutionary area and sits in the centre surrounded by the Limbic System and Neocortex. Our basic instinctive systems are stored in the reptilian brain. It passes messages to the limbic part of the brain, stating if it is hungry, cold, hot, thirsty, in pain, happy, sad, if it should be aggressive, submissive, or sexually aroused. The limbic brain controls messages in and out of the reptilian brain so that we are protected from the reptilian instincts. The limbic brain is responsible for pleasure, and pain.\nWhy might this information be useful to people working in the copywriting or marketing industries?\nKnowing how people react to things and how to make a connection with them will give you a better chance of influencing their decisions, or thoughts. Connecting with a person’s reptilian brain can be done through making them angry, aggressive, or sexually aroused. If you think about the advertisements that are promoted by large marketing companies, they often use images that connect with the reptilian brain. Sexually alluring female and male models, promises of improving your ability to attract a sexual mate, pictures of food designed to trigger your need for tasty food.\nThe reptilian brain is responsive to images, one reason for this is that the optic nerve connects right into this area of the brain. This does not mean that the reptilian brain only responds to images, written words can create an image in the mind that is just as strong as visual stimulation.\nMany marketers use target the reptilian brain as it is easy to fool and it connects with our primal desires. Look at the image below, do you see a spiral or circles?\nYour reptilian brain is telling you that you’re seeing a spiral, but the reality is that you are looking at several circles.\nSo, as a content writer, or marketer, here are a few things you should know about the reptilian brain :\n- Your reptilian brain is self-centred, it’s all about YOU!\n- It’s always on, if you want to get something noticed then use images or words that connect with the reptilian brain. Sex, food, aggression, fear…\n- It controls your routines and habits\n- It connects with the emotional brain\n- Instinct and arousal are linked to the reptilian brain\n- Desire and need are often stronger motivating factors than logic\nIf you want to produce content that converts and influences your audience then try to connect with their reptilian brain. You might be pleasantly surprised how influential it can be.\nFurther information on neuromarketing will be added to the blog very soon, so keep checking back, or add your name to the subscription list.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.cfbi.com/Events/organisation/microcaps/", "date": "2022-05-18T01:09:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662520936.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220517225809-20220518015809-00084.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9193355441093445, "token_count": 108, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__176382703", "lang": "en", "text": "We enable laboratory precision at high volume throughput\nMaking sure that drugs are released in the affected part of the body and at a specific rate is a huge challenge, because the size of the capsules that deliver these active ingredients is uncontrollable. At Microcaps we developed a patented technology that enables the size control of these microcapsules with Swiss precision, hence they all behave exactly the same. This means we can directly tailor and predict the release profile of a drug. Our solution is also highly relevant for fragrances, flavors and probiotics.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://climax.city/2012/07/", "date": "2023-06-09T11:04:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224656675.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20230609100535-20230609130535-00354.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9631201028823853, "token_count": 413, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__180311251", "lang": "en", "text": "Not so long ago a friend of mine, Paul Bower came across a second hand copy of a book by Desmond Morris called the Human Zoo. Written in 1969 it is a book that reflect’s his generations misgivings about cities. The central premise of the book is that the human animal evolved to live in hunter-gatherer groups of around 60 people. This extended family group would need around 20 square miles to support its needs. Today the same area could accommodate a city of 6 million people crammed together in a way that human are unable to cope with. This, he argues, is not natural and it is hardly surprising that some people in cities act a little strangely. Indeed Morris equates this strange behaviour to the compulsive traits exhibited by many animals when they are confined in zoos; mental health disorders, sexual perversion, violence etc… Hence in Morris’s eyes the modern city is the human zoo.\nHowever the books conclusion is not entirely negative. Morris suggests that the remarkable aspect of city living is that most of us don’t exhibit this compulsive behaviour. We have moved from living with 59 neighbours to 5,999,999 in the blick of an evolutionary eye and have coped extremely well. As he says; “The least experienced zoo director would never contemplate cramming and cramping a group of animals to the extent that man has crammed and cramped himself into his modern cities and towns. By all the rules the human zoo should be a screaming madhouse… cynics may argue that this is indeed the case, but plainly it is not. …aberrant behaviour is startling, not for its existence but for its rarity”.\nIndeed Morris goes on to argue that the secret to human success as a species is that we actually thrive on these conditions: “Just as colonies of nesting seabirds are reproductively aroused by massing in dense breeding communities, so the human animal is intellectually aroused by massing in dense urban communities. They are breeding colonies of human ideas.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://centerofsurgeons.com/gynecomastia/", "date": "2023-10-01T02:35:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510734.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20231001005750-20231001035750-00731.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9367639422416687, "token_count": 1303, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__50672468", "lang": "en", "text": "The breast structure in men is slightly different from that of women.\nWhile the breast tissue is larger in women, the situation is different in men. In some cases, there can be complaints in the breast area of men for various reasons. Gynecomastia is one of these complaints.\nWhat is gynecomastia?\nGynecomastia is the name given to the enlargement and swelling of breast tissue compared to normal in men. Along with these symptoms, a lump under the nipple, nipple discharge, pain and sensitivity to pressure in the breasts can be seen.\nThe cause of gynecomastia is most likely hormonal. Both men and women have estrogen and testosterone hormones, but while the testosterone ratio in men is high, estrogen secretion in women is high. Gynecomastia occurs when the testosterone-estrogen balance in men is disturbed and estrogen is excreted above normal levels. Hormones are not the only cause of gynecomastia. Obesity, incorrect eating habits, kidney failure and liver disease, hyperthyroidism, tumors in the testicles or adrenal glands, drug and alcohol consumption can also cause gynecomastia. Gynecomastia can be observed in cases of extreme hunger, as testosterone decreases and estrogen remains constant. And some of the drugs used trigger this situation.\nGynecomastia is not a cancer. It is benign and is a breast enlargement. While it is not harmful to health, men with gynecomastia may feel embarrassed and uncomfortable. Gynecomastia that does not disappear on its own or with medication can be treated with gynecomastia surgery because of its psychological effects.\nHow is a gynecomastia operation performed?\nIf the person is diagnosed with gynecomastia or if the person suspects this situation, he or she contacts health care institutions and if the doctor considers it appropriate, surgery can be performed.\n- The breast tissue of the anesthetized patient is first examined endoscopically.\n- Gynecomastia can only occur in the form of swelling of the granular tissue, i.e. in the form of hard breast tissue, both granular and fatty, and only an increase in fatty tissue.\n- In gynecomastia, excess tissue is removed with surgical procedures, which are caused by an increase in the amount of granular tissue. If it is accompanied by fatty tissue, the procedure is performed with liposuction. If only the fatty tissue has increased, liposuction is sufficient.\n- If granular tissue is to be removed, the breast is opened in the middle, skin and tissue are removed, the nipple is reduced and closed.\n- Excess tissue is removed according to the method considered appropriate by the surgeon, the incised areas are sutured and the surgery is finished.\nWhy gynecomastia surgery?\n- It allows the removal of gynecomastia with the clearest and most accurate results.\n- If the person suffers from gynecomastia for a long period of time, it does not regress by itself. Therefore, a surgical procedure is necessary to treat gynecomastia.\n- A very thin and small surgical scar may remain on the chest, but it is not aesthetically disturbing. If the person later does bodybuilding, it is not even visible, as it is right at the border of their pectoral muscles.\n- – The feelings of embarrassment that men feel due to the growth of their breasts and the person’s aesthetic concerns and feeling of discomfort are eliminated.\n- – No long healing period is necessary.\nWho is a gynecomastia operation suitable for?\n- For the treatment of gynecomastia that occurs in one or both breasts.\n- Since it can occur in infancy and old age, adolescence is the most common period in gynecomastia. It is the case when the baby has gynecomastia in the womb due to the estrogens of the mother. In male babies with developed breasts, this situation goes away by itself within 3 weeks at the latest.\n- Adolescence is a time when the hormones in the body are very different. It is observed because of the high hormone activity and it passes 6 to 24 months after entering puberty.\n- Since gynecomastia in infancy and adolescence passes after a certain period of time, no immediate surgery is required. An operation can be performed in case of gynecomastia that occurs at an advanced age and has existed for a long time.\n- Since a non-progressive gynecomastia can be controlled with medication or hormone therapy, no surgery is necessary.\n- A gynecomastia operation can be performed after the age of 17. Nevertheless, it is advisable to wait until the age of 18.\nAfter a gynecomastia operation\n- Gynecomastia corsets are used for a while after the operation according to the doctor’s recommendations. This corset is always worn for at least 3 weeks. Until an average of the 6th week, the use of a corset is important for healing if you move during the day or if heavy exercises are to be performed.\n- If a liposuction operation is performed, the person can return almost completely to their daily life after 3 weeks.\n- If a surgical procedure is performed, the person can be discharged on the same day. Stays in hospital for 1 day if necessary.\n- Lying on the stomach should be avoided for 1 week.\n- Edema and swelling can be observed in the surrounding area. At the end of a week these symptoms disappear. Some creams can be applied to the area on the doctor’s recommendation. Medications prescribed by the doctor are used for pain and the pain is controlled.\n- During the first 3 days, the person should rest, not move shoulders and arms as much as possible and not take a shower. After 3 days a warm and short shower can be taken. After this time, depending on the state of health, the person is able to do light exercises and return to their daily life.\n- Activities like sauna, Turkish bath, solarium and steam bath must be avoided for up to 6 weeks.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.temeculalandscaping.net/tree-injections/", "date": "2017-08-20T20:53:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886106990.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20170820204359-20170820224359-00500.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9542320966720581, "token_count": 384, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-34__0__147435420", "lang": "en", "text": "Tree InjectionsBy Weldon Stanford | August 31, 2016 | services\nTree injection is exactly what it sounds like, a shot for your tree. Pesticides have received a lot of negative attention over the years but still remain a necessity for the health and sometimes life of your plants. Tree injections are the environmentally safe way to treat your trees while protecting your home, business and the planet.\nTrunk injections are given using a special tool, often resembling a large syringe, which is inserted in the bottom 18 inches of the trunk at entry points around 6 inches apart. This is an extremely unobtrusive method as the injection only penetrates up to 1 5/8 inch. If your tree is approximately 20 inches in diameter, it will need around a 3-ounce injection that will sustain it for nearly two years! Not only can tree injections deliver pesticides for prevention, the injection can be given amid a full infestation and often save the tree. There are also fertilizer injections that can help trees which are struggling by putting the necessary nutrients directly into their vascular flow. Today’s soil, yards and properties are not as nutrient dense due to our constant maintenance and removal of twigs, leaves and decaying plants which feed the soil. Land with sod actually leeches most of the nutrients from the existing soil to feed the new grass. For this reason, fertilizer injections have become key in the survival of many older trees.\nAs for injections for prevention or elimination of harmful insects, the method is the least invasive available and uses the lowest amount of pesticides for treatment. When injected into the tree, the chemicals are sealed inside and do not risk exposure to other plants or animals. There have also been numerous studies showing that pesticide injections are safe for food bearing trees as most of the chemicals divert to the foliage. This will become the more environmentally approved method of guarding mass food crops from pesticides in the near future.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://axsome.com/axs-pipeline/about-axs-05/", "date": "2019-08-18T20:09:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027313996.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20190818185421-20190818211421-00446.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9402726292610168, "token_count": 489, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__67090379", "lang": "en", "text": "A New Therapeutic Approach\nHow It Works\nThe components of AXS-05, DM and bupropion, each target different CNS receptor systems. Combining the distinct and independent mechanisms of action of these two compounds may be useful in the treatment of CNS disorders. However DM is rapidly metabolized in humans. As a result, it is difficult to attain potential therapeutic blood levels of DM when it is dosed as a single agent. In addition to its activity at CNS receptors, the bupropion component of AXS 05 serves as a novel drug delivery method to inhibit DM metabolism and thereby increase its blood concentrations.\nAXS-05 is currently in a Phase 3 trial for the treatment of treatment resistant depression (TRD), a Phase 2/3 trial for the treatment of agitation associated with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and a Phase 2 trial for the cessation of smoking.\nAn Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) conducted an interim analysis of the Phase 3 STRIDE-1 trial of AXS-05 in TRD in April 2018 and recommended that the study continue to full enrollment as well as indicating that AXS-05 appeared safe and well-tolerated.\nTreatment Resistant Depression (TRD)\nPatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) are defined as having TRD if they have failed two or more antidepressant therapies. There are approximately 3 million estimated patients with TRD in the United States.\nMore about TRD\nAgitation in Patient’s with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)\nAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that manifests initially as forgetfulness advancing to severe cognitive impairment and memory loss. It is a common form of dementia and afflicts an estimated 5 million individuals in the United States, a number that is anticipated to increase to approximately 14 million by 2050. In addition to cognitive decline, individuals diagnosed with AD typically experience behavioral and psychological symptoms including agitation which is reported in approximately 45% of patients. Agitation is characterized by emotional distress, aggressive behaviors, disruptive irritability, and disinhibition.\nMore about AD\nThe modulation of DM allows it to reach therapeutic plasma levels allowing DM to act on targeted CNS receptor systems. Combining the distinct and independent mechanisms of action of these two compounds with AXS-05 may be useful in the treatment of a variety of CNS disorders.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://aventunazahara.com/portfolio/whale-watching/?lang=en", "date": "2021-10-15T20:39:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323583083.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20211015192439-20211015222439-00000.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8620238900184631, "token_count": 239, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__282217476", "lang": "en", "text": "Marine life is amazing and it captivates ourselves with all its mysteries. Live unique sensations by seeing the most majestic cetaceans of the Mediterranean sea and the Atlantic Ocean. A 95% chance to spot some kind of cetacean! if not, you can come again for free!\nThe fabulous marine life\nCome and discover the wonderful marine life of the Strait of Gibraltar. Whales, dolphins, killer whales ... you will experience unique sensations watching these majestic marine animals between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean from our boats.\nDepartures are scheduled from the end of February to the beginning of November conditioned to the weather and will be made from the port of Tarifa (40 Km from Zahara de los Atunes)\nWe offer additional discounts for groups of more than 6 people.\n|july and august||rest of months|\n|adults||35 euros||30 euros|\n|children (4 to 14 years old)||22 euros||20 euros|\n|babies (1 to 3 years old)||10 euros||5 euros|\n|babies (0 to 1 years old)||Free||Free|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://advance-physicaltherapy.com/postural-restoration/", "date": "2024-04-22T10:31:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818105.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422082202-20240422112202-00021.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9208605885505676, "token_count": 1324, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__175377538", "lang": "en", "text": "Introduction to Postural Restoration\nPostural Restoration evolved as a study of human biomechanics. This approach to healing is holistic and integrative. Clinically proven and scientifically based, Postural Restoration provides tools to evaluate underlying cause of pain, dysfunction and slow recovery from trauma. Treatment using Postural Restoration therapeutic activities has produced dramatic relief from chronic as well as acute conditions. These therapeutic activities reposition the musculoskeletal system, correct movement imbalance, restore normal tonicity to muscles and strengthen efficient, balanced, functional activity. Postural Restoration empowers you to maintain your optimal health and vitality in daily life and sports, and helps you avoid injury.\nPostural Restoration recognized that humans are, by design, asymmetrical. Asymmetry facilitates our movement. Organ placement contributes to asymmetry. In the lower trunk the large, heavy liver is situated on the right while a smaller, lighter spleen is in a similar location on the left. Our right lung has three lobes, the left has only two, to accommodate the heart in our left upper trunk. The right diaphragm is larger and better positioned for respiration than the left diaphragm. Muscle attachments of the diaphragm to the ribs are thicker on the right. The right and left hemispheres of our brain govern different functions.\nThe majority of people worldwide are right handed. Our man made environment accommodates, even facilitates, right hand reach activity. The muscles that make up our right dominant movement patterns are used much more frequently and become much stronger than the same muscles of the non-dominant pattern. Even if you are left-handed you must live in a right-handed world.\nConsequently, we all have the tendency to stand on our right leg and reach with our right arm. This reaching results in upper trunk rotation to the left. Consider how you open a door, reach for your cup, or brush your teeth. Often, people who are left-handed for fine motor activity use the right hand for power functions such as throwing. This dominant patterning is most useful! We don’t have to pause to consider which hand we will use to open the door. The pattern facilitates automatic activity, making life a bit simpler. Athletes thrive by strengthening powerful asymmetrical patterns. The downside of asymmetry is that our lifestyle – often sedentary and or filled with repetitive motion – reinforces our pattern so much that we can no longer move out of it. We lose the ability to balance our movement for example: to shift into our left hip and reach with the left hand. Although we walk with both legs, our center of gravity stays over the right hip. Although we have two lungs, we rely more heavily on the right. This one sided imbalance in activities that require alternate, reciprocal movement – such as walking, breathing and chewing – often results in abnormal stress, unequal wear and tear, dysfunction and pain.\nAs 3 dimensional beings, we function in 3 planes of motion: front to back – like taking a bow, side to side like climbing a ladder and in rotation as with twisting to see what’s behind us. Most healthy human movements take place in all three planes.\nAs asymmetric 3 dimensional beings, the spine orients to the right and we stand on the right leg. The upper trunk rotates back to the left in order to face straight ahead. In so doing right side bending occurs bringing the right ribs a bit closer to the right pelvis and the left ribs a bit further way from the left pelvis. In this position the right trunk muscles shorten and tighten, the left stretch and lengthen. The left abdominals thereby lose their optimal ability to anchor the left lower ribs and the left pelvic crest. The left pelvis rolls forward and inward, the left ribcage elevates and flares. In the front to back plane of motion there is excessive tightness of the back and overstretch of the abdominal regions. In the side-to-side plane of motion, structures on the right are generally too close together and structures on the left are generally too far apart. Finally, with these movement planes diminished, we have difficulty moving in a healthy way in the third plane of rotation at all. Each of these movement disorders can lead to unhealthy stress, chronic injury and pain.\nIn this 3 dimensional, asymmetric configuration the respiratory diaphragm (our primary muscle for inhalation) becomes poorly positioned for healthy breathing. Without efficient function of our primary, low energy breathing system, the diaphragm, we rely more heavily on our auxiliary, back up system- especially the helper muscles of the neck to get enough air into our body. Usually reserved for higher oxygen demand – as when we are running a marathon – the neck muscles become overactive, unable to relax. This activity triggers the sympathetic nervous system – our fight or flight, high alert system. In a constant state of stress, we are restless, unable to relax, unable to sleep deeply. I this vulnerable state, it does not take much to push us over the edge – whether physical, environmental, emotional or mental stress.\nHow Postural Restoration Can Help\nThe Postural Restoration therapist initiates a process of rehabilitation that begins with repositioning. Repositioning therapeutic activities are carefully constructed exercises to restore neutral alignment to the musculoskeletal system.\nResults can be immediate or may take several sessions to achieve. Repositioning exercises incorporate breathing techniques to restore normal, efficient respiration. Repositioning exercises also teach the person how to feel the activation of corrective postural muscles.\nOnce neutral alignment is achieved, it must be maintained and integrated into the movement patterns we use in daily life activities. A personalized exercise program is designed to progress strengthening from lying to sitting to standing and finally back into upright movement in a more balanced way.\nOften, the aches and pains and movement limitations previously experienced were the result of an imbalanced asymmetrical pattern. These pains drop away as more balanced, more efficient and less stressful muscle activity is restored. In some cases, true pathology may have developed, such as joint breakdown, muscle tears and adhesions and ligament strains. These will become evident and appropriate treatment can be more accurately determined and applied.\nPostural Restoration techniques create a more balanced/less stressed physical foundation for life activities, sports activities and for rehabilitation following trauma or surgery. These techniques empower you to self maintain your optimum function and to enjoy an active life.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://homeschool-musings.blogspot.com/2011/04/butterfly-release.html", "date": "2014-04-24T18:27:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1398223206647.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20140423032006-00347-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.991033136844635, "token_count": 188, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-15", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-15__0__15604620", "lang": "en", "text": "Our butterflies emerged from their chrysalids on Sunday. We missed witnessing the first few emerge, but were there to see the fourth one. Everyone gathered around to watch the butterfly crawl out and then crawl across the habitat. It didn't take very long before his wings had inflated.\nYou can see the newly emerged butterfly in the upper left corner of the photo below. Its wings are not yet inflated. You can also see the empty chrysalids.\nToday, we released our butterflies in the front yard.\nThey obviously weren't bothered by their captivity. This we learned from their reluctance to leave the habitat. We had to bump the habitat a few times to get them to flutter around and find their way out.\nOne of the butterflies had a wing that had a deformity. We thought it might not be able to fly, but after a few minutes it flew off to go live its short butterfly life.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://kougatourism.com/nature-toursim/", "date": "2024-02-21T04:28:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473370.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221034447-20240221064447-00146.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8299635648727417, "token_count": 220, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__76652064", "lang": "en", "text": "Nature Tourism in Kouga: Embrace the Beauty of the Wild\nWelcome to Kouga, a nature lover’s haven just 80km from the bustling city of Gqeberha (formerly Port Elizabeth). Nestled in the adventure province, Kouga unfolds as a sanctuary of natural wonders, inviting you to explore, discover, and experience the rich tapestry of its landscapes.\nVenture into pristine Nature Reserves like Cape St Francis, Jeffreys Bay, or the nearby Van Stadens Wild Flower Reserve, each a testament to the extraordinary plant and animal life that graces the Cape Floral Kingdom.\nTraverse the winding rivers of Kouga, a water wonderland offering kayaking, scenic trails, and picturesque spots like the St Francis Bay Canals. Bird enthusiasts will find solace in the diverse habitats while wildlife reserves showcase the marine marvels of dolphins, Humpback and Southern Right Whales.\nEmbark on a journey through Kouga’s untouched beauty, where every reserve, river, and wildlife encounter promises an adventure of a lifetime.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.eastivanhoetravel.com.au/zoo-without-fences/", "date": "2023-12-01T16:22:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100290.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201151933-20231201181933-00659.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8596448302268982, "token_count": 177, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__86624822", "lang": "en", "text": "Best known to be a ‘Zoo without Fences’, wildlife encounters are pretty much a given. Kangaroos, sea lions, koalas, echidnas, wallabies, goannas, and marine mammals are plentiful, along with many species of bird. If you are after wildlife, then Kangaroo Island will never disappoint.\n- 3 nights at Grosvenor Hotel Adelaide ★★★★ in a Standard Room\n- 3 nights at Mercure Kangaroo Island Lodge ★★★★ in a Superior Queen Poolview Room\n- Morning pelican feeding sessions\n- Self-guided nocturnal walk to spot wildlife and self-guided nature trails\n- WiFi and parking\n- Return ferry transfer from Cape Jervis to Penneshaw^ for car and passenger\n- 4 days inclusive AVIS car hire in a Kia Rio or similar+", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://aruralrube.blogspot.com/2008/07/and-then-there-was-one.html", "date": "2018-05-23T14:53:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794865679.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20180523141759-20180523161759-00545.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9778977632522583, "token_count": 406, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__31317092", "lang": "en", "text": "Karma cooked the goose.\nSomething got our male goose last night. I just realized that the gander was pacing the fence line all alone and when I went a-lookin', I found me a pile of feathers. No blood, no body or its parts; just nice white feathers.\nWe're not entirely sure what it is, but are starting to suspect a small coyote. We've been losing hens in the same way. I'd been thinking it might have been the eagles or the big hawks that have been around, but I think that the predator must be attacking on the ground, rather than in the air, because the male goose would have been more likely to stand up to the predator and attempt to protect both geese, thereby losing its life. With the water levels low right now, the fencing over the streams isn't good. Even the sheep have been sneaking through.\nA coyote kills and plucks, and then takes the rest of the animal back to the den. This is consistent with what we are seeing.\nI guess that enough time has passed since this goose attacked my child, because I'm feeling bad. I've been enjoying looking out at the pond and seeing the two of them sunning themselves. The male goose LOVED the water, and although he hadn't actually gone swimming, he would jump in and out of the sheep's water tub, splashing and flapping and then running like a lunatic around the field.\nAlso, as is the case in any death, I feel particularly sad for those who are left behind. Watching the gander right now is breaking my heart. I don't know how much we personify this experience for them, though, or what she is capable of thinking and feeling. But... the poor thing.\nTo sum it up.... when I called B.Rube at work to tell him, he ended our conversation with \"That's Life on the Farm.\" Yep, I guess it is.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.phillipstricker.com.au/prostate-cancer/diagnostic-tests/cystoscopy/", "date": "2023-12-04T19:44:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100534.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204182901-20231204212901-00743.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9187771677970886, "token_count": 337, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__66367534", "lang": "en", "text": "Cystoscopy is an endoscopic procedure where a tube is inserted into the urethra through the opening at the end of the penis. It allows me to visually examine the complete length of the urethra and the bladder for polyps, strictures, abnormal growths and other problems.\nWhy is the test is performed?\n- To diagnose and evaluate disorders of the urinary tract\n- To identify cancers of the bladder or urethra\n- To determine the cause of pain in the urinary tract.\nHow does the test work?\nThere are two types of cystoscopes:\n- Rigid cystoscope\n- Flexible cystoscope\nIn both methods, the actual test is carried out very similarly, with the exception of the positioning. With the rigid cystoscope, you lie on your back with your knees up and apart. The penis and surrounding area is cleaned and local anesthetic jelly is placed into the urethra. The scope is then inserted through the urethra into the bladder. The flexible cystoscope does not require you to lie on your back with your knees up and apart for insertion. The choice of which scope to use depends on the purpose of the exam.\nDuring the procedure, water is inserted through the cystoscope and into your bladder. When the bladder is full of water, it stretches. This allows a view of the entire bladder wall.\nIf any tissue appears abnormal, a biopsy can be taken through the cystoscope for analysis.\nThe entire procedure, including preparation, generally takes about 15 to 20 minutes. The examination portion of the procedure is generally less than five minutes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://careers-luriechildrens.icims.com/jobs/13934/post-doc-associate-translational-leukemia-research-%28dr.-loretta-li%29/job", "date": "2021-06-14T20:35:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487613453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20210614201339-20210614231339-00359.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9034939408302307, "token_count": 246, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__168823478", "lang": "en", "text": "Seeking a highly motivated postdoctoral fellow to join Dr. Loretta Li’s laboratory at Lurie Children’s Hospital / Northwestern University. We are a newly established translational leukemia research laboratory that uses a variety of biochemical, molecular, and cell biology approaches to identify new therapeutic targets, develop preclinical models of disease, and test novel therapeutics both in vitro and in vivo using mouse models. The successful candidate will be a team player capable of handling multiple tasks and adaptable to a fast-paced research environment.\nDr. Loretta Li Faculty Profile: https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/doctors/li-loretta-s/\nThe postdoctoral fellow will carry out an independent research project under the supervision of the principal investigator, Dr. Loretta Li. The successful candidate will be responsible for the following:\n1. A level of knowledge normally acquired through the completion of a Ph.D. or M.D.\n2. Possess an excellent command of the English language; medical and scientific terminology is required.\n3. Organizational skills: Ability to establish priorities and react promptly to a large variety of requests and needs, sometimes in stressful situations.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.mindsmith.co.in/post/inside-the-brain-of-a-person-with-movement-disorder", "date": "2023-09-21T09:20:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233505362.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20230921073711-20230921103711-00574.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9556835889816284, "token_count": 375, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__33652668", "lang": "en", "text": "Movement disorders can be a challenging condition to live with, affecting people of all ages. These disorders can affect your ability to move your body in a smooth and coordinated way, leading to symptoms such as tremors, stiffness, and difficulty walking. It's important to understand that movement disorders are not a personal weakness or character flaw - they are a medical condition that affects the way your brain controls movement.\nIn people with movement disorders, there are several changes that occur in the brain that can lead to symptoms such as tremors and stiffness. One of the key areas of the brain involved in movement disorders is the basal ganglia, which is responsible for controlling movement and coordinating muscle activity. In individuals with movement disorders, there may be a dysfunction in the basal ganglia, leading to abnormal movements and difficulty controlling muscle activity.\nAnother area of the brain that can be affected in people with movement disorders is the cerebellum, which is responsible for regulating balance and coordination. In individuals with movement disorders, there may be a malfunction in the cerebellum, leading to problems with balance and coordination.\nIt's important to remember that movement disorders can have a significant impact on your life, but there are many resources available to help you manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life. Treatment for movement disorders typically involves a combination of medication and physical therapy. Medications such as levodopa and dopamine agonists can help improve motor function, while physical therapy can help you maintain mobility and reduce the risk of falls.\nLiving with a movement disorder can be challenging, but it's important to remember that you are not alone. There are many support groups and organizations that can provide you with resources and support on your journey to managing your condition. With the right treatment and support, you can learn to manage your symptoms and live a fulfilling life, no matter what challenges you may face.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://answers.loreal.com/animaltesting/en/does-loreal-test-on-animals/", "date": "2013-12-13T22:22:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386165000886/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204135000-00089-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9634325504302979, "token_count": 193, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__1346013", "lang": "en", "text": "Does L’Oréal test on animals?\nL’Oréal was able to end all animal testing for products as early as 1989, without making its products any less safe. This is thanks to its research & development of alternative methods to testing, particularly in the use of reconstructed skin models.\nHowever, for some of its new ingredients, there’s still a small gap between what the replacement tests can help us predict about the ingredient and what we need to know to ensure its full safety, for example when predicting the ingredient’s potential for skin allergy. For these reasons, the Group still needs to resort to some animal testing, which today represents less than 1% of its safety assessments.\nL’Oréal’s ambition is to replace the need for any animal testing, and the Group has already contributed to most of the replacement methods accepted today in the cosmetics industry, and continue to develop new ones.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://akmediatech.com/about-covid-19/", "date": "2021-08-03T04:30:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154420.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20210803030201-20210803060201-00675.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9308909773826599, "token_count": 1157, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__157598249", "lang": "en", "text": "STAY HOME. SAVE LIVES.\nKEEP a Safe Distance\nWASH Hand Often\nCOVER your cough\nAbout Coronavirus Disease 2019\nCoronaviruses are a large family of viruses that get their name from the halo of spiked proteins on their outer surface resembling a crown “the Corona” under a microscope. The new coronavirus is called SARS-CoV-2 which stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. As a new virus, it means that previously no one in the world has been infected with it, and therefore, no one has antibodies to it. Because no one has an antibody everyone is at risk of catching, becoming ill, and spreading the virus. SARS-CoV-2(novel Coronavirus (Covid-19)) causes a disease called COVID-19, a severe respiratory illness. Covid-19 can be deadly, particularly for older people and those with underlying health conditions. It is passed from human to human.\nThe viruses spread through droplets in the air after coughing or sneezing, which people nearby can take in through their nose, mouth, or eyes. The viruses also spread by touching a contaminated surface. It is discovered that different types of materials have different persistence, mostly for from 2 hours up to 9 days. Also, it persists better at 50% compared to 30% relative humidity at room temperature. Lungs inside your body, the virus travels quickly to the back of your nasal passages and to the mucus membranes in the back of your throat. The virus attaches to a receptor called ACE-2 or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 on a respiratory cell in your body. The viruses’ genetic material enters your cell to produce copies of themselves, which go on to affect more cells.\nThe time between the initial infection and the first symptom appearing varies widely but is five days on average. Symptoms often start in the back of the throat, with a dry cough, sore throat along with fever. Symptoms become more severe as the infection starts making its way to your lower respiratory tract. Here, it can cause more respiratory problems like bronchitis and pneumonia. When the virus reaches your lung it causes inflammation in the air sacs in your lungs which are called alveoli, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.\nIn pneumonia there is swelling, decreased airflow, and alveoli start to be filled with fluid causing shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing. Some people need a ventilator to help a breath. Less oxygen in your blood deprives other major organs of oxygen including the liver, kidney, and brain. Acute respiratory distress caused by widespread swelling in the lungs stops the body from getting the oxygen it needs to survive. This respiratory distress can lead to organ failure and death.\nCovid-19 can be deadly, the vast majority around 80% of cases are mild to moderate and people recover within a week or two.\nSince the lockdowns have been transformed to unlock as a protocol to resume the economic activity of our country. With the availability of many services risk of spreading of Covid-19 has been increased. As it is said that prevention is better than cure, thus we must be careful and focus more on the prevention of this virus. To prevent the spread of Covid-19 here are a few points to follow while returning to the workplace or being at home:\n- Put distance between yourself and others.\n- Avoid close contact with sick people.\n- Adopt flexible working hours.\n- Avoid crowded public transport if possible go by bike or walk.\n- If possible, discuss with your supervisor if you can work from home.\n- Wear a mask when taking public transport.\n- Cover coughs and sneezes with a disposable tissue or the inside of your elbow.\n- Check body temperature when entering office buildings.\n- Avoid crowded lifts as far as possible.\n- At work or at home, if you can use the stairs instead of elevators.\n- Avoid using your hands to touch common objects like elevator buttons, door handles, or staircase railings.\n- Find no-contact ways to greet your colleagues and express affection to your friends and family.\n- Avoid holding or joining large-scale meetings.\n- Create distance-based meetings either through videoconferencing or by maintaining at least 1-meter space between people in the same room.\n- Reduce face-to-face contact with co-workers.\n- Arrange flexible meal hours.\n- Avoid meal gatherings.\n- Maintain good environmental hygiene at the workplace and wash hands frequently.\n- After commuting t and from and throughout the day, clean your hands frequently and thoroughly.\n- Avoid touching your eyes, mouth, and nose.\n- After work, avoid crowed places or unnecessary activities.\n- Ensure before leaving the house that all belongings are sanitized properly.\n- If you feel unwell or even have a mild cough, don’t go to work, stay at home and avoid direct contact with anyone and seek prompt medical advice.\n- Clean and disinfect tables, door handles, and other frequently touched surfaces.\n- If possible keep the windows open and ventilate your workplace regularly.\n- Remember to seek ways to stay active and positive.\n- Stay healthy and let’s all prevent the spread of COVID-19!\nMasks & Respirators\nN95 masks & respirators\n3-Ply and 2-Ply Masks\nLatex Medical Examination Disposable\nInstant Hand Sanitizer", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.viveremontese.it/american-water-spaniel/", "date": "2021-01-22T21:37:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703531429.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20210122210653-20210123000653-00771.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9727790951728821, "token_count": 102, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__237316960", "lang": "en", "text": "It is an active, muscular, medium-sized dog of solid constitution. It appears full of strength, but not without distinction. It has sufficient substance and bone to bring good muscle, but it does not have to look heavy. His skull is broad and solid, with a marked stop; the snout is quite elongated and square in shape, with perfect teeth and developed nostrils. The eyes are hazel or brown; the ears are wide and long; the tail is medium long and slightly curved.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://oralsurgeoncapetown.co.za/wisdom-teeth-removal", "date": "2022-08-14T17:42:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00508.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9539526700973511, "token_count": 362, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__6795085", "lang": "en", "text": "Wisdom Teeth Removal\nWisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last teeth in the jaws to develop. Typically, they develop in your late teens or early twenties. Wisdom teeth either come through the gums, called erupting, or they are blocked, which is called impaction. Impaction can vary in severity, from gum tissue blockage to complete bone coverage.\nIn most cases, we find that there is not enough room in the mouth for wisdom teeth to function properly and be easily cleaned, and extraction is recommended.\nImpacted Wisdom Teeth\nWhen wisdom teeth are impacted, problems with the jaw and adjacent teeth can develop. An impacted wisdom tooth can cause gum tissue infections, decay on the second molar, and possible crowding of other teeth. Serious problems can develop with infections spreading to the throat and neck, or cysts or tumors that can destroy jawbone to the point of fracture.\nEvaluation and Removal\nDr. Greeff will evaluate your jaw structure and wisdom teeth status with regular oral exams and x-rays. In many cases, routine x-rays are not enough for a full evaluation of the wisdom teeth, jaw and surrounding structures. A panoramic x-ray is typically done, which allows for a complete assessment of the jaw and teeth.\nWhen current or potential issues with the wisdom teeth are identified, early removal is recommended. Removing wisdom teeth at an earlier age can be easier, as the jawbone is less dense. In addition, if the teeth are removed before the root develops, it involves a less invasive procedure. Removal recommendations can be as early as age 12, or may be delayed until patients are in their later teens. Patients older than 30 typically have higher complication rates and lengthened healing time.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://nutrigreen.net/index.html", "date": "2023-09-27T04:54:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510259.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927035329-20230927065329-00411.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9150422811508179, "token_count": 136, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__171659893", "lang": "en", "text": "As lawns age or sustain heavy use from play, sports activities, pets, vehicle traffic and parking, soil compaction can result. Compaction greatly reduces the pore space within the soil that would normally hold air. Roots require oxygen to grow and absorb nutrients and water. Campaction has a negative impact on nutrient uptake and water infiltration, in addition to being a physical barrier to root growth. This results in poor top growth and lawn deterioration. Core aeration can benefit your lawn by:\n- Increasing water, nutrient and oxygen movement into the soil.\n- Enhancing infiltration of rainfall or irrigation.\n- Improving rooting and plant resiliance.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.testtogoapp.com/scientific-evidence", "date": "2021-12-08T09:03:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363465.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20211208083545-20211208113545-00548.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9259556531906128, "token_count": 766, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__152571020", "lang": "en", "text": "A stated earlier, the presence of a Test lLine, no matter how faint, indicates the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antigen and thus a positive COVID-19 test result. But how able are rapid antigen tests to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antigen?\nThe Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine evaluated the limit of detection of the Excalibur Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test. In other words, to see how little antigen or live virus the test can detect.\nSARS-CoV-2 N protein antigen was diluted from 500 pg/ml, representing a high level of antigen, through decreasing amounts down to 0 pg/ml, or no virus antigen present. Each dilution was applied to Excalibur Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test cards and read by two observers, each blinded to the results of the other. A third observer was available to adjudicate discrepant tests.\nThe Excalibur test had 100% detection down to a level of 75 pg/ml, dropping to 30% at 50 pg/ml. Positive test results were seen down to 30 pg/ml.\nSimilar tests were carried out using live virus diluted down in stages from 10,000 plaque-forming units (PFUs)/ml to zero. Plaque forming units is a measure of the number of infectious virus particles per unit volume. The Excalibur test was able to detect 100% of replicates down to a level of 250 PFU/ml, dropping to 50% at 125 PFU/ml.\nThe Excalibur Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test had a limit of detection of 250 PFU/ml, which exceeds the World Health Organisation recommendation of 500 PFU/ml.\nThere have been over 150 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide with new variants of the virus arising all the time. The most significant of these for the UK is the B.1.1.7 variant causing over 95% of new infections as of April 2021. It is therefore important to know if there is any reduction in sensitivity of currently available rapid antigen tests when exposed to the B.1.1.7 variant.\nResearchers at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine have determined the limit of detection of several currently available rapid antigen tests1.\nA clinically isolated SARS-CoV-2 strain from the B.1.1.7 lineage was serially diluted from 1,000,000 PFU/ml to 100 PFU/ml. Each dilution was tested in triplicate and applied to Excalibur Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test cards and read by two observers, each blinded to the results of the other. A third observer was available to adjudicate discrepant tests. The limit of detection was defined as the lowest dilution at which all three replicates were deemed to be positive.\nThe Excalibur Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test had a limit of detection of ≤ 500 PFU/ml, meeting or exceeding the British Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) acceptable criteria.\nSimilar tests performed using the B.1 2020 strain taken from previously published work show the Excalibur Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test to have a limit of detection of 250 PFU/ml.\nThis study demonstrates equivalent performance with SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 as with the original dominant strain from the beginning of the pandemic.\nReference: 1. Kontogianni K, Cubas-Atienzar AI, Wooding D et al. Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine 2021. Unpublished.\nFor further information click here.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.e-geos.it/en/love-planet-earth/2024/", "date": "2024-03-01T09:50:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475238.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301093751-20240301123751-00777.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8630923628807068, "token_count": 541, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__190204118", "lang": "en", "text": "PROTECTING LIFE ON EARTH\nOur commitment to defending endangered animal species\nStories of hope, resilience, and the wonders of the natural world. Through a captivating collection of spectacular images, we shine a spotlight on endangered animal species that are, slowly but surely, on the path to recovery. This remarkable achievement is made possible by the protected havens meticulously monitored by the COSMO-SkyMed satellites, illustrating the power of conservation efforts and the enduring spirit of nature.\nThe International Union for Conservation of Nature has become the global organisation and authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it. In collaboration with the Italian IUCN Committee, the National network of members of the IUCN, we explore the journey of these extraordinary creatures, which, despite the persistent risk, represent the possibility of a brighter future.\nThe LOVE PLANET EARTH 2024 calendar, with its breathtaking imagery, serves as a powerful testament to the vital mission of COSMO-SkyMed in safeguarding these precious natural areas. Through these captivating visuals, it underlines our deep commitment to the preservation of Earth’s incredible biodiversity. It signifies our collective dedication to fostering a sustainable future, where the wonders of the natural world continue to thrive, offering hope, resilience, and inspiration to all living beings.\nOn the top: Vaquitas were last assessed for the IUCN Red List of ThreatenedSpecies in 2022. Phocoena sinusis listed as Critically Endangered. The total population is thought to be approximately 10 specimens, so clearly the number of mature individuals is far fewer than 250; this species is still declining and all mature individuals are in one population.\n|Established in 1964, the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) is the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of fungi, animal and plant species. The IUCN Red List is a critical indicator of the health of the world’s biodiversity. It is a powerful tool to inform and catalyse action for biodiversity conservation and policy change, critical to protecting the natural resources we need to survive. The IUCN Red List Categories are meant to be a system for easily classifying species at risk of global extinction.\nIt assesses and evaluates species and divides them into nine categories:\nNot Evaluated (NE), Data Deficient (DD), Least Concern (LC), Near Threatened (NT), Vulnerable (VU), Endangered (EN),Critically Endangered (CR), Extinct in the Wild (EW) and Extinct (EX).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.azaleacitydental.com/blog/category/Oral+Health", "date": "2019-10-20T11:31:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986707990.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20191020105426-20191020132926-00445.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9567768573760986, "token_count": 211, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__26421158", "lang": "en", "text": "You probably know that your mouth is home to one of the largest populations of bacteria in your body. While they’re an independent bunch, you can dramatically influence their effect on your health. It starts with understanding how the key bacterial players operate and your role in altering their destructive tendencies.\nYour teeth and the surrounding jaw muscles present a powerhouse capable of crushing even the hardest foods to pieces. But sometimes we use our teeth in ways that push them to the limit and lead to unnecessary problems and treatment. Learn about one habit that may accelerate the breakdown of your teeth and how to read the symptoms your teeth share with you.\nWhen you wake up in the morning, no one expects your breath to smell very good. With a few good hygiene habits, your breath is usually ready for the day. But if you’re struggling with bad breath, or you suspect it might be a problem, we have a few tips to kick this social issue to the curb. Learn more here about the real causes and how to keep your breath fresh every day.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.openbareruimte.nl/en/visitor/exhibitors/details/748/eurofins-agro", "date": "2019-11-14T21:22:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496668539.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20191114205415-20191114233415-00347.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9143345355987549, "token_count": 443, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__121306860", "lang": "en", "text": "Healthy turf: basis for higher sporting performances\nOn turf of higher quality athletes perform better. An optimal management of your sports fields requires insight into all aspects that influence the health of the grass: soil, plant and water. Analyzing the soil, plant and water provide indispensable information. Knowledge aboutthe top layer, the health of the turf and the quality of the irrigation water influences the outcome of your maintenance plan and avoids unexpected maintenance costs afterwards.\nThe top layer forms the basis of every playing field. Every fieldmanager recognizes the importance of an optimal soil structure. However, this is easier said than done. After all, a good structure is determined by the optimal balance between a large number of factors: air, water, food, organic matter and soil life.\nFertilization Monitor Sport is a complete analysis that provides insight into the most important soil-aspects: the nutrients, pH, CEC, the organic matter content, soil texture, pF-curve et cetera. De Fertilization Monitor Sport is a thorough analysis with which you can further optimize your maintenance plan.\nA healthy soil protects plants from diseases. But plants can also become ill in healthy soils. If you detect fungi or diseases in the grass you want to know what the cause is. Only then a proper treatment is possible and you can limit the risk of spreading. However, cause and consequence of certain symptoms are sometimes difficult to distinguish. Apart from fungi and bacteria other stress factors like nematodes can also affect the plant health.\nDNA Multiscan provides insight into the presence of pathogens in turf even before giving visual damage. The DNA Multiscan is a unique DNA technique that quickly and reliably demonstrates the presence of fungi in the turf. This allows you to detect the presence of fungi at an early stage and to take the right measures in time.\nNematodes analyse provides information about more than 25 relevant nematode species.\nIrrigation in the dry summer months is of great importance to prevent dehydration. In practice however irrigation water can cause many growth problems in the turf if the water contains too high levels of iron (Fe), sodium carbonate and other forms of salt!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://anewenglanderslife.wordpress.com/2015/05/29/nesting-turtles/", "date": "2018-07-16T16:08:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676589404.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20180716154548-20180716174548-00637.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9814528226852417, "token_count": 138, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__76599613", "lang": "en", "text": "I walk the dog early every morning before work, which means we see a lot of wildlife. Mostly we come across deer, turkeys, porcupines, squirrels and birds, but on Thursday morning, we came across seven turtles, which means it is nesting time!\nThey mostly nest in sandy soil in the sunshine, which means the sand pit that we walk by is ideal for them.\nAlthough the dog was really well behaved and listened to me and left the turtles alone, I think we will be avoiding that trail for the next little while to let the turtles do their thing in peace.\nBe careful driving too as many turtles are crossing roads to get to nesting ground!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.risktreeservice.com/buck-moth-spraying.html", "date": "2023-06-03T00:37:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648911.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20230603000901-20230603030901-00484.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9595163464546204, "token_count": 315, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__201913079", "lang": "en", "text": "Buck Moth Spraying Registration Form\nOur prices are $190 first tree and $90 each additional.\nThe buck moth is a common insect found in oak trees, stretching in the United States from peninsular Florida to New England, and as far west as Texas and Kansas. The larvae typically emerge in a single generation in the spring.The larvae are covered in hollow spines that are attached to a poison sac. The poison can cause symptoms ranging from stinging, itching and burning sensations to nausea. The larvae feed on various oaks including scrub oak, live oak, blackjack oak, white oak, and dwarf chinquapin oak.\nEggs are typically laid in spiral clusters on oak twigs. Mature larvae enter the soil or leaf litter to pupate in late July and emerge between October and the following February as moths to mate and lay eggs. In Louisiana where use of live oaks as street trees is extensive, the caterpillars can become a significant nuisance for humans. With proper treatment the risk of this nuisance can be reduced. Trees can not be sprayed until caterpillars have hatched.\nPlease fill out the form below and return to us to register for our buckmoth spraying services. The first tree to be treated is $190 with each additional tree treated at the same time is $90. Treatments will be scheduled first contact first scheduled. We will call to schedule so that animals can be put away and other precautions needed can be addressed. Don't take the RISK of being stung register today!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://meketetigray.uk/2021/03/22/expert-reaction-to-press-release-from-astrazeneca-announcing-interim-data-on-safety-and-efficacy-from-the-us-trial-of-the-oxford-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine/", "date": "2021-06-18T06:42:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487635724.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20210618043356-20210618073356-00343.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9613499045372009, "token_count": 1105, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__97560390", "lang": "en", "text": "(Source: Science Media Centre) –\nAstraZeneca has published a press release announcing that the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine US Phase III trial met primary efficacy endpoint in preventing COVID-19 at interim analysis.\nDr Andrew Garrett, Executive VP, Scientific Operations, ICON Clinical Research, said:\n“This is clearly stated as an AstraZeneca-led trial, and it more closely follows the large phase III vaccine trials reported by other sponsors. In this respect it is a solid 30,000 plus participant study with a placebo control, and a simple 4 week dosing interval, such that interpretation is more straightforward than previous Oxford/AZ vaccine trials. It has a good age mix with more than 6,000 participants aged >65 years and also wide ethnic representation. Interim efficacy is clearly stated as being 79% against symptomatic COVID-19 and 100% effective against severe disease. Detailed numbers are not provided at this time and the lower confidence limit is not stated. Importantly the trial provides further support for efficacy in the elderly (80%) where previous clinical trial data, other than immunological data, had been lacking. The study randomized two subjects to receive vaccine for every subject that received placebo providing a large safety database of 20,000 plus participants who received active vaccine. As described, this has been used to investigate the potential association of the vaccine with thrombotic events and specifically cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, of which there were no cases detected. Overall it was reported that there was no increased risk of thrombosis. These data are therefore timely in further addressing any safety concerns that could undermine vaccine uptake.\n“The trial is directed at generating data to support emergency use in the US but also provides valuable data to other countries – both confirming efficacy using a 4-week dosing interval and re-enforcing vaccine safety.”\nProf Stephen Evans, Professor of Pharmacoepidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, said:\n“These results are not surprising given what we know now. The US regulatory authorities are reluctant, even in a pandemic, to rely totally on data obtained outside the US, so this trial was done to provide convincing evidence of efficacy and safety in a sufficiently large number of US patients. The benefits of these results will mainly be for the rest of the world where confidence in the AZ vaccine has been eroded, largely by political and media comment. Once that happens, reporting of adverse effects becomes very biased and confidence can spiral downwards. The rest of the world that will rely on this low-cost vaccine may be able to procced with vaccinating their populations.\n“Vaccine development and rollout should be an international collaboration rather than nationalistic fervour whether in favour of, or against, a particular vaccine. Assessment should be based on science alone.\n“It is important also to realise that the “headline” efficacy numbers are valid for comparison between the groups in a trial, but great care is needed in comparisons between trials. The way that events are assessed and counted as well as the context of a trial means that exact values for any between trial comparison are uncertain, not only because of statistical uncertainty, but also because of these other factors.\n“It is clear this vaccine has very good efficacy (remember that 60% was, prior to any trials being started, regarded as a good target), and that this efficacy does not show a notable decline at older ages. This was expected and the speculation that it was ineffective (or “quasi-ineffective”) at older ages was totally unjustified.\n“This is good news for the global community and one hopes that any political statements around this good news are avoided.”\nUniversity of Oxford press release: https://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/news/usa-chile-and-peru-interim-trial-data-show-oxford-astrazeneca-vaccine-is-safe-and-highly-effective\nAll our previous output on this subject can be seen at this weblink:www.sciencemediacentre.org/tag/covid-19\nDr Andrew Garrett: “I am employed by ICON which is a Contract Research Organization. ICON provides pharmaceutical services to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. ICON conducts clinical trials on behalf of Sponsors, including vaccine trials. I am a member of the UK Statistical Authority’s (UKSA) Research Accreditation Panel. I have received one dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine as part of the UK vaccination program.”\nProf Stephen Evans: “No conflicts of interest. I am funded (one day per week) by LSHTM. They get funding from various companies, including Astra Zeneca and GSK but I am not funded by them, I have no involvement in obtaining funding from them and I am not an investigator on any grants obtained from them. I am the statistician to the ‘meta-Data Safety and Monitoring Board’ for CEPI. I am paid for my attendance at those meetings and will be paid expenses for travel if that occurs. I am a participant in the Oxford/Astra Zeneca trial, and on 13th January 2021 learnt I had received the active vaccine.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://artliv.shop/in-search-for-the-best-coffee-in-stockholm/", "date": "2023-12-03T00:15:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100476.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202235258-20231203025258-00427.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9772886037826538, "token_count": 344, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__10457052", "lang": "en", "text": "Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the Coffea plant. The genus Coffea is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean. The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.\n“Even bad coffee is better than no coffee at all.”\nCoffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content. Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.). It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is a popular alternative.\nClinical studies indicate that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption lowers the risk of some diseases, although there is generally poor quality of such studies.\nThe earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking appears in Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines. It was here in Arabia that coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a similar way to how it is now prepared.\nCoffee seeds were first exported from East Africa to Yemen, as the coffea arabica plant is thought to have been indigenous to the former. Yemeni traders took coffee back to their homeland and began to cultivate the seed. By the 16th century, it had reached Persia, Turkey, and North Africa. From there, it spread to Europe and the rest of the world.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.advancedvisionsolutions.com/eyes-are-windows-to-your-health-2019/", "date": "2024-04-14T12:06:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816879.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414095752-20240414125752-00403.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9244636297225952, "token_count": 1158, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__35579528", "lang": "en", "text": "Your eyes aren't just the windows to your soul — they can also reveal valuable information about your general health beyond whether you need glasses, including: diabetes, heart disease, and even cancer. It is not unusual for people to come in for an eye exam just to check their eyesight and then have certain health issues or predispositions picked up by the optometrist.\nEye Exams and Your Health\nEye examinations can help doctors detect general health conditions early enough to intervene. Advanced screenings enable eye doctors to better predict cardiovascular incidents like stroke, and possibly detect signs of mental changes such as Alzheimer's. Read below to learn how eye exams can unveil a whole lot more than just eye health.\nBrain Cancer & Stroke\nBecause of the similarities between the blood vessels in the eye and brain, an eye doctor can occasionally detect an issue taking place in the brain by examining the blood vessels in the eyes. If swelling or shadows in the eye is observed, it may indicate a serious condition in the brain, like a tumor, or clots that might result in a stroke.\nDiabetes can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina at the back of the eye, resulting in Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). If an optometrist detects leaky blood vessels in the eye, the patient would be advised to see a doctor to help control their blood sugar. Changes are gradual, and they start before visual symptoms are noticed. The earlier diabetic eye disease is managed, the better the chances are of preserving eyesight.\nHigh blood pressure, characterized by having too much pressure in the blood vessels, can be detected during an eye exam, sometimes even before it's diagnosed by your regular doctor. The damaged blood vessels lead to swelling, hemorrhages, and leaking — all of which can be observed in the eyes. According to the CDC, hypertension \"the silent killer\" affects nearly 1 in 3 adults, and up to a whopping 20% of those don't even know they have it. So early detection at an eye doctor's evaluation can be truly life-saving.\nEye exams can also detect a buildup of cholesterol. High cholesterol is among the easiest conditions to spot during a complete eye exam, as the cholesterol deposits manifest on the front of the eye, appearing as a thin, gray rim around the cornea. It can also be detected in the retina by assessing artery and vein patterns.\nThese deposits may indicate the current or future development of Retinal Blood Vessel Occlusion, a condition where blockages restrict blood flow to the back of the eye, causing temporary or permanent vision loss.\nIn some cases, heart conditions associated with a buildup of plaque in the carotid artery in the heart can also lead to deposits that clog the ocular arteries in the eye. If an optometrist detects such changes to the vascular structure at the back of the eye, he or she will typically recommend going to a specialist.\nMultiple Sclerosis (MS)\nSudden vision loss may be attributed to Multiple Sclerosis (MS). While the optometrist can recognize signs indicating the presence of MS, such as the color and appearance of the optic nerve, such cases will be referred for further testing to confirm the diagnosis.\nThyroid disease can make itself apparent through the eyes in several ways. The thyroid gland controls the hormones that regulate tear production so some thyroid disorders can cause dry eye disease. Additionally, overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) can make the extraocular muscles enlarge and stiffen, causing bulging eyes — an indicator of Graves' disease.\nSystemic conditions that are associated with inflammation in the body can have an inflammatory effect on the eyes. Uveitis, for example, causes eye inflammation, redness, and blurred vision, and tends to occur in people with lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and other autoimmune diseases.\nBreast cancer, leukemia, and other metastatic cancers are occasionally discovered during an eye evaluation. In addition to brain cancer mentioned above, melanoma and basal cell carcinoma (skin cancer) can be detected, and eye doctors can also diagnose lymphoma and other eye tumors. Eye exams save lives.\nWhat the Future Holds\nRecent studies show that a non-invasive and precise imaging device called Octa (optical coherence tomography angiography) can signal the presence of eye changes associated with Alzheimer's disease. Because the retina is in many ways an extension of the brain, the altered blood vessels at the back of the eye offer a glimpse into the changes taking place within the brain.\nParkinson's Disease can often be misdiagnosed as its early symptoms are characteristic of other conditions. Research has shown that subtle eye tremors, an early Parkinson's marker, could be detectable using advanced eye exam technology. One day soon, practitioners may send patients to an eye doctor to test for this and other diseases.\nYour Eye Doctor's Appointment Could Change Your Life\nSo the next time you visit Dr. Angela Koplos at Advanced Vision Solutions in El Paso, remember that a comprehensive eye exam can do more than determine your eyeglasses or contacts prescription. Dr. Angela Koplos can evaluate your eyes for existing or potential health issues, and communicate them to your primary care physician for the best possible care. By knowing that you're at risk for a certain disease, you can take precautions early on and manage the condition as needed. After all, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.gmoguide.org/label-law-cover-crispr", "date": "2019-11-14T19:55:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496668534.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20191114182304-20191114210304-00308.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9538010358810425, "token_count": 287, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__205545327", "lang": "en", "text": "If you haven’t had the chance to check out the recent ammendment to the 1947 Agriculture act, here is a pdf: mandatory-labeling-bill. Recently, a version of a mushroom that was developed using the CRISPR technology was designated non-GMO. The recent amendment would appear to counter that decision however. The wording appears to include ALL genetically altered foods in it’s description of bioengineered foods:\n‘‘(A) that contains genetic material that has been modified through in vitro recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) techniques; and ‘‘(B) for which the modification could not otherwise be obtained through conventional breeding or found in nature.\nCRISPR technology does not introduce foreign DNA into an organism. What it does is trigger mutations that exist within the genome already, essentially genetic what-ifs. This would satisfy item (B) in the above quote of the amendment, but NOT item (A) since it does use in-vitro recombinant techniques. However, the law also sets a timeline of 2 years for the Secretary of Agriculture to come up with a standard for disclosure concerning bioengineered foods, the amount of bioengineered material that must be present, etc. I think it’s fairly clear that CRISPR will be part of that list, but there may be some leeway.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://foxydiet.com/gain-weight/", "date": "2020-09-27T03:22:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400250241.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20200927023329-20200927053329-00439.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9516526460647583, "token_count": 793, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__233546284", "lang": "en", "text": "Learn why some people gain more weight than others\nWhile there are certain fixed factors that make some people put on weight faster than others, other factors can be changed to help lose weight.\nYou’ve probably noticed that some people eat more than others and don’t gain weight, or that they eat the same amount but don’t put on weight as fast or as much as others.\nToday, we want to tell you about the reasons behind these common phenomena.\nGenetics is one of the causes of this problem, because our genetics determine several crucial aspects that affect our lives.\nOur genetics also play a role in determining how easy or difficult it is for our body to gain weight.\n- This is now a proven fact, because human genome experts have managed to separate out the genes that are responsible for the distribution and accumulation of fat.\n- The FTO gene (associated with fat mass and obesity) is found in 82% of men, meaning that they have a greater tendency to put on weight however little they eat.\nWhile genetics is fundamental, our diet is equally important.\nThis is because the diet we follow is also essential in determining why we lose or gain weight.\nIt’s true that some of the genes related to gaining weight cause a predisposition for craving unhealthy foods.\nThis is why it’s necessary to be disciplined and acquire healthy habits that enable you to distinguish the effects of this gene.\nBear in mind that once you start to follow a healthier and fresher diet, you will feel much better.\nSo it will be your own body that will ask you to eat more healthily once it gets used to this.\nGive it a try!\nOf course, the amount of exercise we do is another key factor when it comes to maintaining a healthy weight.\nThis is because, apart from our diet, another aspect that is fundamental in determining whether some people gain more or fewer kilos is the physical exercise they do.\nHowever, you should bear in mind that doing certain kinds of sports alone will not help you lose weight, but it can determine how much you gain.\nYou should also keep in mind that the quantity of exercise needed by each person is different.\nWhile some individuals need to do two hours of cycling to burn 200 calories, half an hour is enough to consume the same amount for others.\nDon’t reward yourself with gastronomic treats for having done a specific amount of exercise, because this does no good for your health, either.\nFor example, it’s not advisable to eat more than usual as compensation for having done enough exercise.\nThe only thing we’ll achieve by doing this is that our effort will have been in vain.\nPlus, it can even end up making us gain weight.\n4- Stress and lack of sleep\nBoth stress and lack of sleep can be an impediment to staying in shape.\nThese two factors can have a direct impact on our weight and make us pack on the pounds.\nOften, when we’re under the effects of stress we tend to choose unhealthy foods because we like them more and they make us feel better.\nHowever, this is precisely what we should be avoiding so we don’t adopt unhealthy lifestyle habits.\n5- Loss of intestinal biodiversity\nAccording to various studies, alterations in the intestinal flora are associated with diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes.\nThe composition and diversity of intestinal flora are linked to weight gain, not only because of the quantity of bacteria lost but also due to the bacteria that are no longer produced.\nThis can happen as a result of an inappropriate diet or excessive use of antibiotics.\nChanges in the intestinal flora can cause people to generate up to 150 calories more each day, despite eating the same amount.\nThis quantity can definitely end up causing an increased tendency to gain weight.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://newspings.blogspot.com/2011_04_07_archive.html", "date": "2018-05-25T10:53:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794867085.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20180525102302-20180525122302-00206.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9387460350990295, "token_count": 145, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__64671996", "lang": "en", "text": "Thursday, April 7, 2011\nEven \"microwave-safe\" products release the toxin bisphenol-A (BPA) when heated. BPA has been shown to cause neurological and developmental damage in laboratory animals. It is found in hard clear plastic, the linings of metal food cans, trays for frozen food, microwaveable soup containers and plastic baby-food packaging. Researchers are especially concerned about how the chemical affects fetuses and newborns, whose systems are not fully developed. Manufacturers have begun to remove BPA from their products. In the meantime, do not microwave or heat food in any type of plastic container.\nPosted by P.J.D publishing at 10:51 AM", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://primrosepathfarm.net/why-finnsheep-%3F", "date": "2023-12-04T16:46:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100531.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204151108-20231204181108-00646.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9741843342781067, "token_count": 287, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__24098279", "lang": "en", "text": "For all the latest news, FOLLOW us on Facebook at Primrose Path Farm.\nWe started with sheep in 2015. After trying a few different breeds, we settled on Finnsheep. We chose Finnsheep because we were looking for a breed with excellent wool, prolific breeders, a smaller breed, and an easy keeper.\nFinnsheep wool comes in a variety of colors from solids, white, brown, black, gray and fawn, to piebald which is spotted and badger which is its own pattern. Finnsheep wool has long staple 3\"-6\" and is praised by hand spinners.\nThis breed is known to be prolific breeders. Most ewes produce twins up to quads within a single pregnancy. They have been known to have as many as 7 or 8, but that is rare.\nFinnsheep are one of the smaller breeds of sheep. Breed standard is rams 170-240 lbs and ewes 130-180 lbs. We prefer to breed our stock on the smaller side.\nA wonderful characteristic of Finnsheep is they are easy keepers and friendly. Because of their docile nature and smaller size, they are easier to handle. They do not have horns which can get caught on things and their tails are naturally docked. Finnsheep are friendly and regularly enjoy a scratch on the back or under the chin.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.momentumlife.co.nz/Stories/how-health-improves-when-you-quit-smoking", "date": "2020-09-24T16:07:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400219221.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20200924132241-20200924162241-00449.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9577310085296631, "token_count": 713, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__137897731", "lang": "en", "text": "You probably already know that smoking is an unhealthy habit. It can affect a person’s entire body, contributing to some serious health risks, including high blood pressure, stroke and heart disease.\nThe good news is that quitting smoking could help turn your poor health around. In fact, the benefits of quitting may start even sooner than you think! Within just 24 hours, the body starts to repair some of the damage caused by smoking, with even bigger health improvements following in the weeks and years to come.\nIn the first 24 hours…\nAfter 20 minutes without a cigarette, your blood pressure may start to lower. The heart rate also returns to normal and circulation may start to improve.\nAfter 8 hours, your risk of heart attack starts to fall. This risk should continue to decrease the longer you stay smoke-free.\nAfter 12 hours, the body rids itself of the excess carbon monoxide inhaled through smoking. As your carbon monoxide level returns to normal, the body’s oxygen levels may start to increase.\nIn the first week…\nOne day after quitting smoking, your risk of heart disease caused by smoking-induced high blood pressure may begin to drop. As your oxygen levels continue to rise, you may find that exercise and other physical activities are easier than they were before.\nAfter 2 days, you may notice a heightened sense of smell and better taste as these damaged nerves begin to heal.\nIn the first year…\nAfter 1 month, your lung function may begin to increase. You might notice that you cough less often and may no longer feel short of breath.\nIn the first 3 months of quitting smoking, blood circulation continues to improve. This helps your organs, including the skin, function better. Healthy skin helps the body fight off bacteria and infection.\nAfter 9 months, the lungs may have healed significantly. Cilia—hair-like structures inside the lungs—that were damaged by smoking are likely working better. You may experience fewer lung infections as a result.\nIn the first decade…\nAfter 1 year, your risk for coronary heart disease should decrease by half! This risk may continue to drop the longer you stay smoke-free.\nAfter 5 years, arteries and blood vessels that were narrowed by smoking begin to widen. This means the blood is less likely to clot, lowering your risk of stroke.\nFurther into the future…\nTen years after quitting smoking, the risk of developing lung cancer is cut in half compared to someone who still smokes. The risk of developing mouth, throat or pancreatic cancer is also significantly reduced by this point.\nAfter 15 years, your likelihood of developing heart disease and pancreatic cancer may be about the same as a non-smoker. The risk of having a heart attack could also be the same as a person who has never smoked.\nAfter 20 years, the risk of dying from smoking-related causes, including lung disease and cancer, may even drop to the same level as someone who has never smoked in their life!\nA healthier tomorrow\nQuitting smoking may be one of the best changes you could make for your health. If you’d like to quit, but are having trouble, there are resources available to help. Talk to your doctor, or visit the Heart Foundation NZ website to get started!\nDisclaimer: The information provided in this article is of general nature, and does not take into account your personal situation. You should consider whether the information is appropriate to your needs or seek professional advice, where necessary.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pcaskin.co.uk/collections/discolouration/products/pigment-gel-pro", "date": "2023-12-03T21:05:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100508.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203193127-20231203223127-00306.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8584051728248596, "token_count": 704, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__179144073", "lang": "en", "text": "Pigment Gel Pro\nExperience a visibly dramatic reduction in the appearance of stubborn hyperpigmentation for all Fitzpatricks and skin types. This advanced, dermatologically tested corrective helps fade the size and intensity of dark spots while helping protect against the appearance of new dark spots. Its industry-leading, proprietary SynerPro Complex, uses multiple modes of action to effectively target stubborn forms of UV and hormonally induced hyperpigmentation, such as photodamage and melasma. The result is skin that appears more even and bright with continued use.\n- Delivers a visibly dramatic reduction in the appearance of stubborn hyperpigmentation.\n- Improvements in hyperpigmentation seen in as early as 4 weeks.\n- Helps fade the size and intensity of dark spots while helping protect against the appearance of new dark spots.\n- Effective against UV and hormonally induced hyperpigmentation, such as photodamage and melasma.\n- Effective for all Fitzpatrick phototypes and skin types.\nHOW TO APPLY: After cleansing and toning, smooth onto the face, neck, and décolleté or affected areas. Use twice daily for maximum benefits. Follow with the appropriate PCA SKIN® treatment serums, and broad spectrum SPF product in the daytime and moisturiser in the evening.\nOUR PROPRIETARY COMPLEX\nSynerPro Complex - a proprietary technology to deliver a dramatic reduction in the appearance of stubborn hyperpigmentation. This synergistic blend of ingredients helps fade current discoloration while protecting against the appearance of new dark spots for brighter, more even-looking skin.\nKEY INGREDIENTS IN SYNERPRO COMPLEX\n- Hexylresorcinol - a phenolic lipid that modulates the melanogenesis pathway via tyrosinase and peroxidase inhibition; stimulation of the antioxidant glutathione, as well as the reduced transfer of melanosomes from the melanocytes to the keratinocytes.\n- Purified Licorice Root Extract - a highly purified form of licorice containing 95% glabridin, which is responsible for inhibiting hyperpigmentation. It reduces tyrosinase expression, tyrosinase activity, and melanocyte proliferation and migration while inhibiting melanin synthesis in melanocytes. It also inhibits an enzyme released after UV exposure or during inflammation to decrease tyrosinase expression and melanosome transfer.\n- Tranexamic Acid - a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine that helps inhibit melanin synthesis through plasminogen/plasmin pathways.\n- 4-Butylresorcinol - a potent inhibitor of tyrosinase and peroxidase that leads to a reduction in melanin production.\n- Full Ingredients- Water, Alcohol, Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Water, Butylene Glycol, Niacinamide, Lactic Acid, Gluconolactone, Sodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate, Tranexamic Acid, Bisabolol, Hexylresorcinol, Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid, Propyl Gallate, Pentylene Glycol, 4-Butylresorcinol, Glabridin, Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract, Rosa Damascena Flower Oil, Rosa Damascena Flower Water.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://naturaldirections.com/the-non-gmo-project/", "date": "2020-01-21T05:38:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250601615.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20200121044233-20200121073233-00182.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.947611927986145, "token_count": 158, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__52586800", "lang": "en", "text": "Has Natural Directions® Joined the Non-GMO Project?\nYes! At Natural Directions®, we understand that our customers want to know as much as possible about the products they purchase.\nWe encourage you to learn more about the Non-GMO Project by visiting their website. You’ll learn about genetically engineered seeds and their potential impact on crops, food production, farming and our environment.\nNatural Directions® enrolled in the Non-GMO Project in April, 2013. As we work through the verification process, our website will be updated to reflect the status of our products, and our packaging will feature the highly recognizable Non-GMO Project icon as products complete the verification process.\nBelow is a list of our current products that are Non-GMO Project Verified:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://gm.itam.ws/1591-alta-seed-plant-cuttings-and-maintain.html", "date": "2021-09-23T23:30:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057479.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20210923225758-20210924015758-00212.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9029680490493774, "token_count": 1855, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__165249193", "lang": "en", "text": "Altéa flower, Altéa plant\nYou are probably looking for the althea\nBeautiful flowers in coroles, to create, embellish or flower a hedge. Altea is a very branched shrub that produces large white flowers with a carmine heart (Diana) and still color ... The flowers of Altea appear in early summer until early fall. It is a shrub which, if in the best conditions, is extremely floriferous.\nAltea is a \"flexible\" plant ... It can be pruned into a tree or bush, or grown in beds.\nPerennial - Shrub - easy plant in the garden.\n• Cycle: Perennial\n• Foliage: Lapsed\n• Hardiness: Very hardy plant\n• Family: Malvaceae\n• Harbor : Shrubby habit\n• Exhibition: Sun and partial shade\n• Ground : All soil but rather cool, rich in humus and drained\n• Sowing: Spring after seed stratification\n• Plantation: Autumn in priority and Spring\n• Flowering: May to July\n• Fruiting: –\n• Rooting: Roots\n• Cultivation area: Zone 5 (see rusticity cards: France or Quebec)\n• Origin: Asia, Korea, India (unclear origin)\n• Honey plant: Yes\n• Edible plant: –\nSpecial features of the altéa plant:\n• Easy to grow\n• Rapid growth\n• Great hardiness\n• Cut foliage\n• Althea is a hardy and very hardy shrub. It resists years and extreme cold (-20 to -25 °).\n• The more sun the Althea receives, the more flowering it is.\n• The Althea is a little difficult. This Hibiscus syriacus can be used anywhere in the garden as long as it gets some sun anyway, partial shade exposure is fine for it but not shade.\n• The shrub can be planted in a container. Apart from pruning and watering in the event of a long period of drought, there is nothing to do except to enjoy it.\nBenefits to the garden\nAlthéa is a plant for all garden enthusiasts: possibilities of pruning, shrub, hedge, tree, flowering time, 3 months from August to October. Althea is also fertile in bloom.\nDescription of Alta flower\nAlthea, or Tree Mallow, produces a lot of ramifications, so a lot of branches that produce flowers. Althea can be grown in a tree, this work is rather limited to seasoned home gardeners, but if you like it in this form, you will find it in this form in the garden center. The tree can then be pruned into a ball, for example.\nMethod of multiplication of altéa\n• Sowing is possible but the simplest method remains the practice of cuttings.\nHow to sow the altéa?\nThe seedlings of the altéa are more complex for 2 reasons, first you have to find the seeds, then the seeds before being sown should be stratified. Stratification is a natural operation which aims to restore the seed to its fertile capacity. In general, the seeds that are to be stratified have an envelope, stratification destroys the envelope. The seed in contact with the earth can then begin its germination process.\nCollect the seeds:\nThe Altéa or Tree Mallow produces small fruits which when opened, release the seeds. The ideal is to place a small bag with a rubber band around several fruits in order to collect enough seeds before they fall to the ground.\nStratify the seeds, 3-step stratification:\nStart layering at the very beginning of the year.\n• Soak the seeds in twice their volume of cold water 5 ° C MAX for 2 days.\n• Then, in a waterproof and transparent “tupperware” type box, place them in successive layers in damp sand, a bed of sand, seeds and so on. close the waterproof cover.\n• Place the box at an average temperature of 20 to 25 ° C.\n• Open the lid weekly, for 6 to 8 Weeks.\nLaminate the alta seeds, outdoors:\n• From autumn, in a terracotta pot, place the seeds in successive layers in a soil-sand mixture.\n• Place the pot outside in the shelter of a wall. The pot will have to receive the rain which will make it possible to moisten the earth but no more.\n• The seeds will spend fall and winter under natural conditions and degrade.\n• The following spring they should be able to germinate while sowing.\n• Prepare buckets filled with seed soil.\n• Place one seed per bucket pushed in at 3 times its size.\n• Keep moist until rising.\n• Then water on dry soil.\n• Wait until autumn to replant in the ground.\nWhen to cut the altea?\n• In spring, in April or May.\nHow to cut:\n• Select a young spring shoot, on a supporting branch, of about 20 cm. It should not bear any sign of disease or parasite.\n• Cut it in a \"T\", keeping the whole small branch as well as a small section 4 cm from the supporting branch.\n• Remove the leaves from the cut on half of the branch.\n• Prepare a bucket half full of soil for planting.\n• Place the cutting.\n• Fill with potting soil, tamping down well.\n• Water well.\n• Place everything under the frame if you have one ...\n• Otherwise use a clean freezer type bag.\n• Use it as a bell that covers the plant.\n• Close tightly with a rubber band on the pot.\n• Open once a week to check that the soil is still moist and to allow the plant to breathe fresh air.\n• You can transplant in the fall or the following spring.\nA word from the gardener:\n• For more success, Find some hormone powder for cuttings and sprinkle it on the cut ends of the branch before placing it in the ground in the cup.\n• What is this type of cutting called ? A “crossette” cutting due to the “T” butt.\n• Before making the cutting, clean /disinfect all the tools, pruning shears, scissors ...\nWhen to plant an altea?\n• For planting in the ground, from the end of October to April.\n• For an already large shrub, it is quite possible to plant in the spring.\nHow to plant the altea?\n• Dig a hole 40 to 50 cm deep and in diameter.\n• Loosen the soil well. Remove stones and weed roots ...\n• Add a horn-based fertilizer about 100 g to the bottom of the hole, ie a nice handful, which must be mixed with the soil.\n• Fill the hole halfway with a mixture of soil, planting soil and composted manure (Fumelite) or compost from the garden.\n• Trim the ends of the roots of the shrub to cool them and stimulate new growth.\n• Position the althea graft point at ground level or slightly buried in cold climates.\n• Fill the hole with soil and possibly additional planting compost.\n• Press down firmly on the foot to compact the shrub at its base, forming a bowl.\nA word from the amateur gardener:\nImportant: watering must be abundant, a good ten liters of water. This is what will ensure good cohesion between the roots and the soil, and which will allow a better recovery.\n• For plants that are already a bit large, prune Altera twigs (20 to 30cm) above a bud placed towards the outside of the antler.\nAltéa Blanc China, Altéa bleue Marina, see also Marsh Hibiscus parent of the Altéa\nYou can plant weigelias, buddleias, and why not a purple hazel tree.\nWith or without a garden ...\nIn the garden, in hedge, shrub, tree, in group or isolated, Althéa finds its place!\nAnd without a garden? The Altea will work well in a large pot or container.\nPhoto by Killer Cereal picked on wikimedia.org under Creative Commons 2.0\nShrub pruning: technique, period\nThe size of shrubs has an important role in the development, flowering or just the balance of your subject.\nFar from being difficult, it will even become a pleasure for you when you begin to master some simple and essential gestures to perform it.\nA real makeover for plants, pruning is always beneficial and allows them to grow back in a magnificent way.\nThere are 2 categories of shrubs: evergreen and deciduous", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.sengenics.com/protein/applications/", "date": "2017-07-26T10:27:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549426133.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20170726102230-20170726122230-00417.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9172796010971069, "token_count": 1220, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-30__0__121606643", "lang": "en", "text": "Given the unique features of the Sengenics Immunome technology, it can be used in many ways. Although this technology has significant potential, some of the ways we can apply them include:\nDiscovery of autoantibody-based therapeutics\nAutoantibodies are produced by the immune system in many pathogenic processes, and have been implicated as important biomarkers in cancer, auto-immune disease and cancer immunotherapy adverse drug reactions. Its appearance may precede disease symptoms by many years and due to the inherent amplification of the immune system, they are readily detectable. Their unique potential for pre-symptomatic and early diagnosis of disease makes autoantibodies exceptionally effective tools for biomarker discovery, and determining and analysing off-target cross-reactivity.\nSengenics’ Immunome protein array platform can help you discover processes and pathways that are affected by the autoantibodies easily, and is uniquely positioned to determine the autoantibody’s interaction with isoforms of the same protein in terms of linear AND conformational epitopes. Given that antibodies with high affinity & specificity can also be identified using Immunome, it can also assist in disease prediction and prognosis, which translates to more effective antibody-based therapeutics once combined with novel bioinformatics methods and algorithms. This results in an increase of the probability of earlier diagnosis, improved disease prediction and stratification of patients.\nStratification of human response to drugs based on autoantibodies\n- ADR Cancer Immunotherapy/Checkpoint Inhibitors\nAdverse Drug Reactions in cancer immunotherapy\nImmunotherapies have been changing the outlook for many cancer patients. Inhibition of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and programmed death 1 (PD1) immune checkpoints has been proven to activate the immune system. Either individually or in combination, administration of CTLA4 and PD1 inhibitors have shown promising results for the treatment of melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer.\nHowever, as cancers are complex and diverse, what works well against one type of cancer might have little effect against another, and what works for some patients might not work for everyone. Due to this, despite its benefit, immunotherapies have been associated with immune-related adverse events (irAE), including autoimmunity. Therefore, profiling immunotherapy-related immuno-toxicity in cancer patients could serve as a tool to better predict the correct dosage and combination, as well as patient’s response to treatment. This could help lessen the effect of irAE in immunotherapies.\nThe unique surface technology that underpins the Immunome protein array platform makes it ideal for various medical and therapeutic proteomics applications, including cancer biomarker and neoantigen profiling, monitoring of patient response to therapy, protein-protein interaction mapping, modulation of protein function by PTMs and mutations, and quantification of drug selectivity.\nDiscovery of autoantibody biomarkers for diagnostics\n- Diagnosis of various infectious diseases\nSengenics’ Immunome protein array platform can be customized to include viral/bacterial/parasitic antigens that can be used against human samples in order to diagnose infections.\n- Biomarker discovery\nThis includes testing of various biological samples in an attempt to find biomarkers. Simultaneous and rapid analysis of thousands of proteins in a high-throughput manner is made possible using this protein microarray technology. The identification of multiple biomarkers can result in the development of clinical tests with improved sensitivity and specificity.\nFunctional assays for any protein and any interacting biomolecule\n- Conventional receptor binding assay\nReceptor binding assays using the Immunome protein array platform can be used in discovery and mechanism studies. With the enhanced precision that Immunome offers, one can produce results that are more biologically valid and relevant, reducing the time needed to discover new pathways and mechanisms in human diseases.\n- Receptor binding disruption assay\nAdditionally, the receptor binding assays described above can also be combined with monoclonal antibodies (MAB) to ascertain the effectiveness of these compounds on the ability of the pathogen to bind to the receptor. With the enhanced precision that the Immunome protein array platform offers, the results are more biologically valid and relevant. Thus, reducing the time needed to discover new pathways and mechanisms in human diseases.\nCharacterisation of protein interactions with any other biomolecule\n- Protein-X interactions\nProtein-X studies can potentially allow us to elucidate the roles of various different proteins in the context of protein-protein interactions, as well as its role in various different types of cellular processes.\nExamples of Protein-X interactions include:\n- Kinase inhibition assays\n- Identification of off-target interactions\n- Identification of their mechanisms of action\n- Discovery of novel protein connections\n- Predicting new interactome models\n- Mapping protein pathways\n- Quantification of DNA binding efficiency of proteins\n- Study of DNA repair mechanisms\n- Anti-viral activity research\n- Predictive Toxicology\nAdverse drug reactions is an issue for pharma, patients and hospitals because of the potential for injury, disability and loss of life. However, the Sengenics Immunome platform allows you to accurately identify and examine interactions between proteins, biomarkers, and affected pathways. This allows you to anticipate the types of adverse effects that could manifest in patients, differentiate low-value and high value drug candidates, and plan your research cycle accordingly.\nAn example use case for the Immunome protein array platform in relation to Predictive Toxicology is the Iressa case study. More information on this study can be found over here.\n- Protein Production\nUsing this technology, we are also able to produce any protein at milligram-level quantity, using any expression system. To find out more about this service, please go to the Services page.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://en.ykdc.com/news/216.html", "date": "2021-09-23T23:11:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057479.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20210923225758-20210924015758-00679.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9307860732078552, "token_count": 405, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__175516574", "lang": "en", "text": "Yingkou xiong yue dacheng gardening tools co., LTD\nFruit tree pruning includes winter pruning and summer pruning.\n1. Pruning is mainly to prune elongated branches, drooping branches, dorsal branches, over-dense branches, disease and insect branches and weak twigs. Pruning can control the amount of fruit and improve the quality of fruit trees.\n2. Pruning is for fruit tree shaping, pear tree is three main branches evacuation stratified, peach is three main branches open, pomegranate is natural round head.\n3. Summer pruning is from June to August. As long as you feel dense, you can prune a part of the branches from the branches to get light, but don't prune the fruiting branches, otherwise you won't eat the fruits.\n4. Winter pruning is mainly short pruning, that is, cutting a part of the branches from the top, 1/3 or 1/2, in order to promote the growth of fruit trees, reduce the results, but also pruning part of the fruiting branches, because there is a causal relationship between the fruit tree results, more fruit will be smaller.\nAfter planting, the tree tray should be repaired immediately so that it can be watered and watered thoroughly on the same day. After a week, water the soil according to its moisture content to ensure that the soil is not short of water. After planting large size seedlings, in order to prevent the tree body from tilting after watering, triangular support with sticks should be carried out in time. This method is particularly important for evergreen trees and windy places. After planting pruned flowers and shrubs, dry and dead branches should be cut off in time, damaged and bruised branches should be truncated, and perennial branches should be retracted properly to promote the germination of new branches. After planting hedgerows, they should be trimmed to make them neat and beautiful.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://atelierdeyessita.wordpress.com/2019/11/04/ateles/", "date": "2021-06-21T23:06:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488504838.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20210621212241-20210622002241-00534.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8677719235420227, "token_count": 426, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__183236575", "lang": "en", "text": "El pequeño mono me mira… ¡Quisiera decirme algo que se le olvida!\n“Ateles” encourages the wise use of nature, and empowers a new generation of conservationists!!\nWe focused on the research and conservation of Mexican Spider Monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) to create “Ateles”, an academic project consisting of six episodes to talk about the animal in its world.\n“Ateles” is a project to dialogue about how human actions affect the natural ecosystems, and gathers the voices of local children and environmental educators to inspire positive actions.\nDiscover what children say about monkey’s conservation!! This short video represented Mexico during the Conservation Symposium in 2018 at the Chester Zoo, where Dr. Luisa Rebecchini presented our collaborative work.\n“Ateles” embraces the positive conservationism movement and includes three academic reports, created with the participation of the National Geographic explorers, Filippo Aureli and Denise Spaan, along with members of the Liverpool John Moores University, Universidad Veracruzana and the NGO ConMonoMaya.\n“Ateles” is part of the third season of “Beyond Science”, a season devoted to social complex phenomena. Its production was authorised by the Mexican Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources, and released for national broadcasting in RTV and Canal Once.\nThe creativity behind\nThe name of “Ateles” is derived from the genus Ateles of the spider monkeys, found in the tropical forests of southern Mexico.\nIts visual design incorpores bright green colours from the jungle, in contrast with soft sand coloured visual elements, that make the perfect balance to enjoy the view, and stay present along the narrative.\nWe collaborated with Colectivo Hojarasca to create outstanding images of the monkeys and the natural reserves of the Yucatan Peninsula.\nWatch “Ateles” here:\nMusic: The Wizardry Project.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hwalibrary.com/cgi-bin/get/hwa.cgi?action=getspectopics&InfoID=1532786006&InfoType=ST&byGraphicList=byGraphic&page=4&return=spectopics", "date": "2024-04-18T01:47:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817184.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417235906-20240418025906-00158.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9645584225654602, "token_count": 10835, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__200366315", "lang": "en", "text": "Did giant draft horses and sleek Thoroughbreds evolve from rabbit-sized ancestors? Neat diagrams in science textbooks say yes. But research the details and you find a horse of a different color! Increasingly, scientists are questioning what has been the greatest array of \"evidence\" ever assembled in favor of evolution.\nSOME YEARS ago a noted scientist rose to challenge the commonly accepted evolutionary family tree of the horse. The occasion was an august British science association meeting. The scientist was Professor T. S. Westoll, Durham University geologist. Professor Westoll told a meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in Edinburgh that nearly everyone had taken the early classical evolutionary tree for granted . The idea that one may trace the beginning of the horse family from the small, dog-sized eohippus to our present-day horse was all wrong, he announced . He did not, mind you, denounce the evolutionary theory. But he did contest major parts of the evolutionary horse family tree in favor of his version. But why? The family tree of the horse is supposed to be the most convincing example of evolution in action!\nDid the Horse Evolve?\nThe saga of supposed horse evolution is found in countless texts in general science. Teachers pointing to neat, scientific-appearing diagrams tell their students, \"Here is a simple, easy-to-understand proof that the modern-day horse evolved from a small, doglike ancestor.\" One individual challenged us to take on this \"proof\" of evolution and attempt to refute it. In this reader's own words: \"I noticed that you perpetually pick on the areas of the evolutionary scheme that are weak. Weak spots do not make a thing wrong. Weak spots indicate a lack of time for drawing evidences. Why don't you pick on some of the well-proven parts of evolution. The evolution of the horse, for example. Every good encyclopedia in the world has that in it. Would they print false information in research books?\" This letter illustrates again how much FAITH people have in science. It seemed unbelievable to this person that any untruths could appear in \"research books.\" But research books are not the words of divinity, but the notions of men. And they have contained, in the past, everything from the Piltdown Man hoax to the supposition that mice leapt into being spontaneously from piles of rotten rags. Unfortunately, there are very few scientists who agree among themselves, and there exist almost as many ideas in the evolutionary patchwork of guesses as there are individual scientists to postulate them. But let's get to the point — and not horse around about it.\nThe All-Important Fossil Record\nLook in any textbook on geology or paleontology. You find each contains some statement as: \"The most direct sort of evidence on the truth of evolution must, after all, be provided by the fossil record\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, pp. 220, 221). Here, then, is where evolutionists stand and fight. And they have chosen the horse as their most mighty weapon! The question is: Will the idea of horse evolution stand up under the cold, hard light of close scrutiny? For over one hundred years, paleontologists have been amassing fossils, trying to patch together a genealogy for the horse. It all really began about 1859 when Charles Darwin published his book, The Origin of Species. Paleontologists rushed to the fields searching for fossils. With bones of many animals in hand, they began to construct various sequences purporting to show how a particular animal might have evolved from some other form. Their greatest \"success\" came in putting together sequences of bones to make up the evolution of the horse story. By 1900 the tale was complete. Only minor details have been filled in since then.\nA Classroom Tool\nThis supposed horse sequence is still the best tool evolutionists have to convince others that evolution is a fact. Simpson candidly tells us: \"The beautiful series of ancient and modern horses displayed in many museums are still the simplest way to convince any open-minded person that evolution is a fact. You can see it with your own eyes.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, p. xxxiii.) You are confidently informed that fossils of an animal called eohippus (e-o-hi p'-us) gradually changed his teeth, lost three toes and grew in stature to become the horse of today. The average high school or college student is told without hesitation that this is an incontrovertible fact. He is not encouraged to research for himself to find whether the supposed evolution, in fact, did occur. What dozens of paleontologists have put together over a span of one hundred years surely could not be wrong. Or could it?\nCan Scientists Be Wrong?\nIs it possible then, that the paleontological facts which have been unearthed with spade, shovel and scratcher — were wrongly interpreted? In this article we challenge the interpretation of the facts, not the facts themselves. We quote the admissions of the scientists themselves. Every quote in every article is from a leading scientist respected by his colleagues. Our articles are merely a commentary on their admissions of where the theory is unproven. And, when you amass all the information, shockingly you find — the theory of evolution is unproved everywhere! In most cases, the scientists themselves do not realize the significance of the admissions they make. With this in mind, let's delve into the horse story and see what the paleontologists do admit.\nUnder Grave Suspicion?\nReading through a book on mammals by a well-known scientist, one is shocked to read that some scientists doubt the neat picture of the horse story. \"The origin of the horse was until recently thought to be better known than that of any other mammal; this was based on a series of complete fossil skeletons of dozens of different extinct creatures, starting with simple animals of the size and shape of small dogs with five fingers and four toes, and ending with the modern Thoroughbred. \"However, this pleasantly neat evolutionary picture of orderly progression in tooth structure, loss of toes, increase in size, and wrist and ankle elongation has now unfortunately come under grave suspicion. \"So many side-branches have been brought to light, so many intermediary forms are completely lacking that we can now only say that the classic description is no more than a guide to the probable steps by which the modern horse evolved.\" (Mammals of the World, Ivan T. Sanderson, p. 222.) What is this? The simplistic idea of horse evolution under grave suspicion? Too many intermediary or transitional forms completely lacking? Too many \"side-branches\"? Only a \"guide\" to the probable steps? George G. Simpson, well-known paleontologist, reveals other problems with the horse history chart so blithely reproduced in the average textbook.\nHis admission is shocking: \"Earlier students usually pointed to the evolution of the horse as a typical example of orthogenesis [straight-line, constant evolution] and the best proof of that theory. It is now seen that this was a serious mistake, a mistake caused\nWAS THIS A HORSE? — Artist's concept of eohippus — claimed to be a horse ancestor. Notice what appears to be horse-like head. See article for admissions by paleontologists that skeletal remains demonstrate eohippus was not a \"hippus\" — did not have a horse-like head. (See PDF for Pictures)\nin part by inadequate evidence and in still larger part by superficial and erroneous methods of study. \"Some students of evolution who were not really well acquainted with the whole picture of horse evolution simply picked out parts of it that seemed to fit an orthogenetic interpretation, and their false conclusions were accepted and endlessly repeated by others who knew still less about these subjects... There was, for instance, no constant and overall increase in size... The feet did not steadily change from four toes to three and then to one... And so it goes for all the changes that have occurred in the history of the family; not one of them shows the constant, guided change in a single direction that is demanded by the theory of orthogenesis.\" (Horus) George Gaylord Simpson, pp. 270, 271.) Scientists picked out parts that made the theory appear right? False conclusions accepted and repeated by others? No steady changes in one direction?\nIf the theory of evolution is so logical, so capable of explaining everything — how did such mistakes occur? Simpson admits there is no proof that the toes steadily changed from four to three (what happened to two?) to one. Paleontologists have no neatly linked transitional creatures. If evolution were a fact, one should see a neat progression — with all intermediate steps logically following each other. But one simply doesn't — not even among the supposed star proof of evolution — our maligned horse. Simpson is not the only paleontologist who discusses this problem. Another well-known scientist frankly tells us: \"The horses are often cited as an outstanding example of 'straight-line evolution' or of 'orthogenesis,' and it is frequently maintained that these animals evolved with little deviation, along a straight-line path from the little Eocene Hyracotherium or eohippus to the modern horse, Equus.... \"When all fossils are taken into account the history of horses in North America is seen to be anything but a simple progression along a single line of development.\" (Evolution of the Vertebrates, Edwin S. Colbert, pp. 360, 361.) When you take all the fossils into account, there is, in fact, no evidence of evolution. Paleontologists — in spite of denials — still take the bones that seem to fit their theory. Of course, many questions can be raised. If a five-toed ancestor is \"primitive\" and a one-toed horse is \"progressive\" — where does man fit? Man has five toes on each foot, not one. Is man to be considered \"primitive\"? Evolutionists don't usually consider such \"problems.\" Some scientists were candid enough to face the problems. They did not, of course, renounce evolution — but they at least had the candor to admit there were problems.\nTo Count or Not To Count\nRegarding the supposed reduction of toes, one of the proofs given of horse evolution, Simpson admitted: \"Regarding the feet, the old idea of a steady, uninterrupted reduction in number of toes is, as has lately become clear, not only over-simplified but also ESSENTIALLY FALSE... simply counting the toes gives hardly any idea of what was really going on in regard to the functioning foot in the living animals.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, p. 256.) But \"counting the toes\" is crucial to the idea of horse evolution. The concept of toe reduction and tooth changes are the two major proofs cited for horse evolution. If these are not true, the theory has little by which to defend itself.\nA Pony Tale\nLet's take the supposed genealogy of the horse step by step. Let's scrutinize each step and see if indeed evolution has occurred. The story of how the horse genealogy was built up is an intriguing one. It goes back to the year 1838. Before this time there were no known bones of such an animal called eohippus. But in that year a discovery of bones was made which took its place at the beginning of the supposed genealogy of the horse. In 1838, William Colchester, an English brickmaster, was digging in the clay banks of the river Deben. He dug so deep that his shovel hit sand. In a shovel full of sand he noticed what looked like an old tooth. In the next year another Englishman, William Richardson, was rummaging around a place called Studd Hill on the coast of Kent. He found a large part of an ancient skull — with most of the teeth well preserved. These have been called the first \"horse\" fossils discovered. But did they really look like horses? Let's take them at face value — without interpretation. Here is one plain admission. \"No one even suspected at that time these were ancestral horses. How could they? The specimens found by Colchester and Richardson had almost no special resemblance to the living horse. \"The teeth, instead of the great, ridged, grinding prisms of our present horse, were small, low, and cusped, really more like monkey teeth than horse teeth. The little skull... looked [as its first describer, Richard Owen, remarked] rather like 'that of the Hare or other timid Rodentia.' \"From the evidence then available, it would have been most unscientific to jump to the conclusion that this queer little beast was a sort of a horse. Owen named it Hyracotherium [Hie-ra-co-thee'-ri-um]. (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, p. 114.)\nCalling a Hare a Horse\nAha! Then eohippus is not a hippus (horse)! Its bones look like a hare or one of the scientific family of Rodentia (such as squirrels, beavers, and porcupines). Perhaps like a modern hyrax, or even the Biblical \"coney,\" sometimes confused with a rabbit. Simpson admits it would have been unscientific to claim this beast was a horse. Then what possible reason would you have for calling it a horse? It didn't look like a horse — different teeth, different skull, different body, different feet! George Gaylord Simpson explains why paleontologists later called this UNhorselike fossil a horse. \"Owen compared the small Eocene mammal with the hyraxes... which, indeed, it resembles more than it does the recent horses... When, much later, similar fossils were found in the Eocene of North America, the principle of evolution had been well established. \"Professor Marsh [eminent 19th century paleontologist] was therefore able to recognize that these fossils were horse ancestors, and he coined for them the apt and euphonious name Eohippus, 'dawn horse,' referring also to the fact that they occur in the Eocene, 'dawn of the recent,' epoch.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, pp. 147, 148, 149.) Instead of taking the bones at face value, as Owen did, Marsh interpreted the bones according to the theory of evolution. He forced the facts to fit the theory. As Simpson admitted in an article appearing some years ago in the magazine Natural History, \"The description of Owen would not seem amiss if our mental image of Hyracotherium were not so colored by later knowledge [?] that it was ancestral to the horse.\" (\"Resurrection of the Dawn Horse,\" George Gaylord Simpson, Natural History. November, 1940.) Any paleontologist wanting to preserve his professional status would never have considered Hyracotherium or Eohippus a horse in 1839. They all called it exactly what it was. \"When in 1839 part of a skull was found... in London days, even the most eminent paleontologists of the day little suspected that the 'Eohippus' belonged to the horse family... in fact Sir Richard Owen named its genus Hyracotherium... when he compared it with conies (hyrax), pigs and rodents.\" (Time, Life and Man, R. A. Stirton, p. 465.)\nEohippus After Evolution\nEven as late as 1872 — some 13 years after Darwin published his ideas on evolution — we find the American evolutionary paleontologist, E. D. Cope, still thinking eohippus fossils were what they looked like, not what an evolutionist arbitrarily claimed them to be. Cope found a fragment of a lower jaw and one tooth at Evanstown, Wyoming in 1872. \"Cope was no more able to deduce its horse relationships from this fragment than Owen could from similar fragments found 10 Suffolk... Cope also at first confused some of the teeth of dawn-horses [which they are not] and those of monkey-like animals.\" (\"Resurrection of the Dawn Horse,\" George Gaylord Simpson, Natural History, November, 1940.) Then why were these innocent, rabbit-like bones dumped into the horse family? Let Professor Simpson answer: \"The theory of evolution was soon [after 1859] accepted by practically all scientists. \"With the firm establishment of this theory, students of fossils, that is, paleontologists, naturally began to look around to see whether they could not,\nA FAMILY AFFAIR — Top photo shows skeleton of modern horse alongside reconstruction of its supposed ancestor, eohippus. Paleontologists admit there is no reason to connect eohippus with the horse family — as even the above comparison indicates. Below, four-toed eohippus compared with one-toed horse. Both are distinct mammals with no relationship to each other except in name. (See PDF for Pictures)\nby comparing ancient animals of different ages, find the ancestors of living animals.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, p. 115.)\nWhat Was Eohippus?\nIt's time we cut through the confusion. Let's understand what eohippus was not and what he WAS. The work, in fact, has already been done for us. Scientists simply haven't understood the import of what they say. Note the following which dearly tells us what eohippus was: \"The first discovery, made in Europe, was called Hyracotherium [same as eohippus] because of a superficial resemblance to the Old World cony, or HYRAX... some species were 10 inches high at the shoulder, weighed 8 or 9 pounds, and compared with an alley cat in build. Others were 20 inches high and weighed about four times as much. All had arched, flexible backs and high hindquarters, which gave the beasts an almost rabbitlike appearance.\" (The Fossil Book, Carroll Lane Fenton and Mildred Adams Fenton, p. 417.) There is your answer! The bones called \"eohippus\" are similar to those of an Old World hyrax, often confused with the coney. Although to make a positive assertion today that eohippus was a type of hyrax would be looked upon as foolish. But to call eohippus a \"horse\" is absolutely ridiculous. It has no connection with the horse family. Its looks prove it was not an ancestor of the horse.\nNo Need for Eohippus to Evolve\nBesides, why should \"eohippus\" evolve? He was a creature perfectly made to fit in his own environmental niche. A leading paleontologist admits this to be true: \"Eohippus was NOT an imperfect model that needed to have the teeth, feet and other parts rebuilt to make it into Equus. Eohippus was a going concern on its own, a well-adapted animal that got along very well in its own world and following its own habits.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, p. 230.) If eohippus got along well in the world, why did he have to evolve? If you claim he DID evolve, why are there little creatures alive today which so closely resemble eohippus? Evolution cannot answer. This forest-dwelling browser's brain didn't even resemble a horse's brain. One authority admits: \"Another MOST UNHORSELIKE characteristic of Hyracotherium was its brain.\" (Introduction to Evolution, Paul Amos Moody, p. 203.) But in spite of no obvious relationship, evolutionists tried to make eohippus look like a horse. They were determined to have their own way. This little bit of hanky-panky IS commented on by Simpson: \"Proportions [for eohippus] are so different from Equus that the head of eohippus, WHEN CORRECTLY RESTORED, does not look like a small horse's head. The snout does taper slightly and suggest the beginning of a muzzle, but at this stage the development is so slight that we should not notice it particularly if we did not know what was to come later. The brain was small and its structure was so primitive that it suggests the most primitive mammal brains, or even the brain of a reptile, more than it does that of the living horse.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, pp. 152, 153.) The head DID NOT look like a small horse's head. But scientists, desperately wanting evolution to be true, drew eohippus' head to look like a horse's head! What kind of science is this?\nDone in the Name of Science\nWhy scientists did this is clear. Assuming that \"what was to come later\" was evolution, evolutionists imagined that eohippus fulfilled their analogy. Hence, he was the \"primitive\" ancestor of the horse! A small example of how scientists tried to make rabbit-like eohippus look like a horse was not discovered until 1956. \"The scapula [shoulder blade] of Hyracotherium has usually been restored to resemble that of later horses... In the collection of the California Institute of Technology are a partial skull and nearly complete post-cranial skeleton from the Gray Bull beds of the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming. \"Both scapulae [shoulder blades] are virtually complete and are to my knowledge the only ones in existence with the blade intact. I have examined casts of both scapulae. They are far more doglike than horse-like.., the areas of muscle insertion on the medial side of the scapula are as nearly as can be determined from the cast, ALMOST EXACTLY as they are in Canis,\" (American Hyracotherium, David B, Kitts, 1956, p. 21.) So artists were guilty of stylizing their drawings to force eohippus to fit into the evolutionary theory, What we have are tacit admissions by evolutionists that the neat artists' concepts you see in your science textbooks are NOT ACCURATE. Scientist Theodosius Dobzhansky states without hesitation: \"Many textbooks and popular accounts of biology represent the evolution of the horse family as starting with eohippus and progressing in a direct line towards the modern horse, Equus... according to Simpson, this over-simplification really amounts to a FALSIFICATION\" (Theodosius Dobzhansky, evolution, Genetics, and Man, p. 302). Did you grasp that? Here an eminent scientist quotes another eminent scientist. He tells us that what teachers and college science students read about this subject in their science textbooks is an \"over-simplification\" — \"a falsification\"! Well, it looks like poor eohippus has been rather widely misrepresented. If the animal were alive and could think) he would literally turn over in his grave.\nEohippus and the Hyrax\nWhen you carefully examine the record IN DETAIL some startling parallels between eohippus and the hyrax become evident: One writer says this of eohippus: \"The grinding teeth [of eohippus], which had low crowns, were fit only for eating SOFT LEAVES AND PULPY FRUITS. the front feet had four toes, each with a hoof; the hind feet possessed only three\" (C. L. Fenton, The Fossil Book, p. 418). Then compare this with a description of the modern hyrax, which some have confused with the cud-chewing coney of the Bible: \"A small group of plantigrade-Herbivorous ungulates with HOOFS... FOUR TOES ON THE ANTERIOR [FRONT] limbs and three toes on the posterior [hind] limbs!\" (L. A. Adams, Introduction to the Vertebrates, p. 44.) How clear from the characteristics given! The \"horse ancestor\" was not a horse at all. It was an animal very similar to the hyrax. Both were herbivorous — feeding on plants, soft leaves and pulpy fruits! Notice also that both eohippus and the modern hyrax had four toes on their front limbs — and three on the hind limbs! There are many other likenesses that prove the fossils to be of the same family as the hyrax and not the horse! \"In size these animals [hyrax and coney] may be compared roughly to rabbits and hares, and they have rodent-like habits of hunching up their backs\" (Encyclopaedia Britannica. 11th edition, vol. 14, art. \"Hyracoidean). Both the modern hyrax and the eohippus fossil are \"rabbit-like.\" Both hunch up their backs — another obvious similarity.\nBoth Had Dog-Like Pads\nHyraxes, like conies, are rock-dwelling animals (see Psalm 104:18; Prov. 30:26). They have pad-like feet to insure a stable under-footing in such rugged country. \"The hyracoidea [hyrax family], a group of small, hoofed mammals, including the Biblical coney... climb easily, clinging even to almost vertical surfaces with the PADS ON THEIR FEET\" (Encyclopedia Americana, art. \"Hyracoidea\"). \"The feet are completely distinctive, being four toes on the front feet, three on the hind... a single pad makes up the bottom of each foot\" (Edwin Colbert, Evolution of the Vertebrates, p. 403). Now compare the modern hyrax — described above — with the assumed ancestor of the horse. You will find the same characteristics present in eohippus: Most of the weight was carried by DOGLIKE PADS on the sales of the feet, not by the hoofs\" (C. L. Fenton, The Fossil Book, p. 418). Of course, scientists cannot absolutely tell from the skeletons whether the foot had one single pad like the hyrax or one for each toe like the dog. Again, from another author. the same fact is admitted: \"Though there were little hoofs... most of the weight was borne on CUSHIONED PADS back of the hoof\" (R. A. Stirton, Time, Life and Man, p. 468). That does it! Eohippus is a fossil type similar to the living hyrax — not the horse. In other words, modern evolutionists gave a wrong name to hyrax — like fossils they found in certain rock strata. They should never have been called \"eohippus.\"\nThe rock-solid evidence for the evolution of the horse has crumbled at its foundations. Our \"fearless charger\" suddenly becomes a frightened \"rabbit.\" But let's not stop here. Eohippus is no real \"hippus\" or horse. But what about the next stage in \"horsey\" evolution -the three-toed creatures, such as Mesohippus? Let's have a look at Mesohippus Merychippus and others. Are they really horses of different color? A three-toed horse called Merychippus supposedly began his evolutionary history somewhere roughly 20 million years ago, his remains today being found in what are called Miocene strata. This and other three-toed horses, claims evolution, evolved into the present-day one-toed horse in the Pliocene, perhaps eight million years ago. If they had to evolve, these three-toed horses should have become extinct. Therefore, no three-toed horses should have been around for the last few millions of years. Otherwise, where is the need for evolution? If a three-toed horse managed to survive all these millions of years, there was no need for him to evolve. Now look at the facts —\nThree-Toed Horses in Modern Times\nThree-toed horses known in modern times? Shocking as it may seem, it is nonetheless true! This amazing fact is found buried In a 1922 Guide to the Specimens of the Horse Family! Department of Zoology, British Museum of Natural History, pp. 10, 11. It discusses the foot bones of three Shire horses. One was called Blaisdon Conqueror, another Prince William. The third was unnamed. Of Prince William, this Guide said he \"MAY BE SAID TO BE A VERITABLE THREE-TOED HORSE.\" The second horse also displayed this three-toed characteristic. Said the Guide, \"The cannon-bones of 'Blaisdon Conqueror' also display an EQUALLY large development of the splint bones.\" In fact ALL THREE of the horses were three-toed. The Guide continued: \"There is the remarkable fact that three skeletons of Shire horses exhibit more or Jess strongly developed rudiments of the lateral toes of the extinct three-toed Hipparion. \"The obvious inference is that this IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE BREED! \"In a certain sense, therefore, a considerable number of existing horses are really three-toed animals.\" Why haven't these facts been publicized? Why haven't they been given their true meaning and importance?\nUnraveling the Truth\nThese Shires were an example of what may be called \"living fossils\" — animals supposedly extinct but turning up unexpectedly to embarrass evolutionists! This information is available in England for leading paleontologists to see, to evaluate and understand. It has been cited before — but the significance of these facts probably has never before been published. American paleontologists also had similar facts available to see. In fact, the Yale Peabody Museum — which has the world's second-best collection of fossil \"horses\" — also has evidence of modern multitoed horses. \"The Yale collection contains specimens representing three examples of the occurrence of extra toes in the modern horse... although they are abnormal in the development of one lateral digit only... as we know of no two-toed fossil horses.\" (The Evolution of the Hone family, Richard Swann Lull, p. 9.) Right here is rather an embarrassing problem. Can evolution really ask a person to believe that horses \"jumped\" from three toes to one — with no intermediate fossils? Certainly, one would\nARGENTINE LILLIPUTIAN HORSES — Are these an evolutionary link in horse evolution? Or just a variety within the species? (See PDF for Pictures)\nwant some strong proof before accepting such an idea. The author then goes on to another shocking example of multi toed horses. \"Pliny the Elder, a naturalist, in A.D. 79, tells us in his Natural History: 'It is said also, that Caesar the dictator had a horse which would allow no one to mount him but himself, and that its fore-feet were like those of a man.' Unquestionably this description is some~ what highly colored, but a multi toed horse without doubt forms the basis for the legend.\" (Ibid. p. 9.) Here is proof against the theory of evolution. But the facts are glossed over. Why? Because there is no room for such facts within the framework of evolution. Since it is assumed that the horse evolved, such vital facts became unimportant curiosities.\nThree Toed or One Toed?\nEven the \"three-toed — one-toed\" idea is simply not the whole story. Modern horses are not strictly \"one toed.\" There are small digits on either side of the big toe. \"Horses are said to be... single-toed, but the term is not strictly accurate\" (A History of Land Mammals, William B. Scott, page 294). Then put this statement with one about Merychippus, the supposed three-toed ancestor of the supposed one-toed horse: \"Merychippus... is three-toed... digits two and four vary somewhat in development in the different species, though never reaching the ground, so that the feet are functionally one-toed.\" (Richard Swann Lull, pp. 22, 23.) Are you confused? So are the paleontologists!\nAny Reason for Side Toes?\nMany paleontologists have puzzled over the function of these side toes. Some have claimed they had no function. One eminent paleontologist disagreed. His disagreement focuses on a vital problem of evolutionary theory. \"In Merychippus the side toes were still present and fully formed and each still ended in a well-developed hoof. In the resting position, however, the side hooves did not quite reach the ground, so that their function, if any, is rather puzzling. \"It has been commonly supposed that they had no function at this time.... \"Although this is stated or implied in almost every previous summary of horse evolution, it almost certainly is not true... I think that this may be another case where we have gone astray because we have thought of extinct horses as skeletons standing stiffly in museum cases, and not as the mechanical frameworks of living animals.... \"When a spring-footed horse is galloping and lands on the middle toe, this toe is bent upward far beyond its normal resting pose. At the point of extreme flexion, the short side toes of Merychippus and its later three-toed descendants would touch the ground. May they not, then, have had an essential function to act as buffers to stop the bending of the middle toe at this point and to lessen the danger of spraining the elastic ligaments by stretching them too far?\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, pp. 260, 261.)\nA Problem of Lameness\nLameness is distressingly frequent in certain breeds of supposedly improved domestic horses, and this is almost always caused by injury to the spring mechanism of the feet. The speed mechanism of modern horses can bear little more weight. A veterinary authority laments: \"Quarter horses and Thoroughbreds often have feet that are too small to bear the weight of the animal. This is brought about by selective breeding, and although it gives the horse a pleasing appearance, it subjects the foot to greater concussion because the shock is distributed over a smaller area.\" (Lameness in Horses, O. R. Adams, pp. 27, 28.) Then a larger hoof with three toes would allow a horse to bear more weight. In fact, a three-toed horse would in certain cases perhaps be a more efficient animal. What is the point? Evolution demands \"improvement.\" But for its purpose a three-toed horse is equally as good as a one-toed horse. No room for evolution here.\nWhat About Size Increase?\nNeat diagrams of horse evolution imply that the horse evolved from a dog-sized ancestor to its present size. But a quick look at our animal world shows this is not really a proof at all. A simple listing of horse species immediately makes clear how much the living forms vary in size. There's a lot of difference between a 2200-pound Shire, a sleek Thoroughbred, a diminutive Shetland pony. But the differences do not stop here. Several breeders have claimed success in making horses so small that they look like good-sized dogs. A man in West Virginia says he raises ponies that are no larger than 32 inches high. The littlest, Sugar-dumpling, stands 20 inches low and weighs 35 pounds. He resembles a shaggy dog and is treated as a house pet. An Englishman from Southall is said to raise portable household donkeys. For two decades this man has been breeding donkeys down to size. When full-grown his specimens compare in size with St. Bernard dogs. Another miniature strain being produced is the Argentine lilliputian horse. This breed is also about the size of the St. Bernard — weighing about 200 pounds and measuring 30 inches high. One can see these lilliputian horses by going to the Regina Winery in Southern California where they are bred from imports.\nA Wrong-Sized Horse\nIt should be quite clear that the analogy of size increase means nothing. Are we to say dog-sized lilliputian horses evolved INTO massive Clydesdales? Of course, not! They are BOTH with us today. We should apply that same type of reasoning to the fossil record. A difference in size does not connote evolution. Even here the fossil record speaks quite eloquently on the matter. It concerns fossils of Archaeohippus, a horse too small for its supposed place in the array of horse evolution. Speaking of these fossils, paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson says, \"This reversal of the usual but by no means constant, tendency for the horses to increase in size is of extraordinary interest.\" (Horses, p. 171.) Why \"extraordinary interest?\" Because it upsets a major concept of horse evolution. It proves untenable the idea that increase in size is a proof of horse evolution.\nHow About Tooth Size\nNext to toe reduction, the strongest claim for horse evolution is supposed to be a change in tooth size. Certain horses were supposed to have low-crowned teeth, others high-crowned. Eohippus — the so-called dawn horse — had low-crowned teeth. In last month's installment, we saw that eohippus is not a horse. Then there was Mesohippus, probably an extinct animal UNRELATED to the horse. He too, had low-crowned teeth. Before going further, let's understand one point. Classification experts say there are only six living genera of odd-toed mammals — which include the horses. But from fossil bones, paleontologists reconstruct one hundred and fifty-two genera of odd-toed mammals. What's the significance of this? Simply that the horse kind may have had many more representatives in the past. There would be no evolution here; only much greater varieties within a single type. The same with differences in tooth structure. Even scientists admit, \"...Species of horse with high-crowned cheek teeth lived alongside less specialized... browsing forms.\" (An Introduction to the Mammalian Dentition, T. Wingate Todd, p. 227.) Whether all fossils dubbed \"horses\" are or are not horses is beside the point. Paleontologists find bones of claimed ancestors and descendants In strata they label by the same name I What is the conclusion? These were all animals — whether\nSupposed evolution of horse feet. Neat charts in science texts place side views of forefeet of, from left to right, eohippus = Hyrocotherium, Mesohippus, Merychippus and Equus. Drawn to scale. As articles show, implied analogies are not proof of a point. (See PDF for Pictures)\nhorses or not — living at the SAME TIME. Where is evolution here? It is at this very point of further supposed tooth and toe changes in the fossil record that paleontologists are most confused. In seeking to find \"where\" tooth and toe changes occurred, they find a fossil record that makes no sense in terms of evolution — but one that does make sense once we divorce ourselves from this theory.\nA Horse Out of Place\nWhat happens if bones which appear to be of the same animal are found in both \"younger\" and \"older\" strata? The paleontologists simply give the bones a different name! Or if the supposed ancestor and descendant are found together, the fossils are called \"problematic\" or labeled \"parallel evolution,\" \"conservative characteristics\" or some such similar scientific-sounding phrase. Or the strata are renamed. Otherwise, if the significance of the fact that the same animals are found in strata called by different names (and given different ages) were admitted — it would immediately disrupt the evolutionary theory. Stratigraphy would then have no meaning in terms of evolution. It would be clear that life in certain strata had simply perished together! It just happened that in one region more of a particular creature died than in another. Sometimes the overwhelming evidence is so glaring that evolutionists themselves recognize the theory must be revised. It never is discarded! Such was the case with the lauded five-toed ancestor of the horse.\nA Five-Toed Stud Needed\nScientists had dubbed some bones by the lofty title of Phenacodus and christened him the ancestor of eohippus. Textbooks repeated this idea. But soon it was discovered that Phenacodus could not be the ancestor of eohippus. Paleontologist Alfred S. Romer tells us: \"This interesting form (Phenacodus) was once believed by some to be the actual ancestor of many of the hoofed mammals. This cannot be the case, for it is a bit too late in time [it was contemporary of eohippus] and was also somewhat too large to fit into the early ancestral stages of most later times.\" (The Vertebrate Story, Alfred S. Romer, pp. 255-256.) What is meant by contemporary? Simply, the bones of Phenacodus were discovered in the same kind of strata as eohippus-type animals. This simply wouldn't do for evolution. Otherwise, the five-toed ancestor that supposedly evolved into a four-toed one was living alongside its descendant.\nDumping Your Ancestors\nActually, the trouble with Phenacodus was not only his place in the rocks. His size was wrong and so were other characteristics. Evolutionists finally had to dump him from his base position in the supposed evolution of the horse. But for at least a generation science students were fed this concept. \"Phenacodus primaevus... found by Professor Cope, was hailed by him as the 'five-toed horse,' and an illustration of it has appeared in many textbooks under that label. It is far too large and in some respects too specialized to be in the equine series and moreover is contemporary with eohippus.\" (The Evolution of the Horse Family, Richard Swann Lull, 1931, pp. 5, 6.) Of course, if you had lived shortly after Cope's pronouncement you would have been committing intellectual suicide to question whether in fact Phenacodus had evolved into eohippus. Perhaps, as a reputable scientist, one may have been able to challenge Phenacodus. But to go on and challenge evolution? Never.\nMesohippus — A Connecting Link?\nWe have yet to discuss the three-toed animal with the low-crowned teeth, Mesohippus. Evolution claims he links eohippus with a later form called Merychippus. In 1875, O. C. Marsh proposed a new genus to be called Mesohippus. This was to be another rung in the horse genealogy. Fossils of this animal had been found back in 1850. Joseph Leidy, well known 19th century paleontologist, had looked over the bones and described them. He called the fossils Palaeotherium Bairdii — referring it to an extinct species of animals. In other words, as far as he was concerned the bones did not resemble any living mammal. But Marsh, with horse evolution on his mind, renamed it Mesohippus bairdii — and dubbed it as evolving from eohippus.\nNo Intermediate Species\nBut just how close is Mesohippus to eohippus? The paleontologists admit there is a wide gap between the bones of these two animals. Paleontologist R A. Stirton frankly says: \"The immediate ancestry of Mesohippus is not definitely known\" (Phylogeny of North American Equidae, R. A. Stirton, p. 169.) Here a leading paleontologist says the \"immediate ancestor of Mesohippus is not definitely known.\" There is a sudden appearance of so-called three-toed horses. If evolution were indeed a fact, we should expect to find intermediate development. But we find no such steps. And to say the Oligocene Mesohippus is \"widely separated\" from the Eocene eohippus is to understate the problem. In fact, there is no relation between them. Here is the proof.\nA Brainless Horse?\nScientist Tilly Edinger, in his monumental book, Evolution of the Horse Brain, came to the conclusion that there are \"conspicuous differences between the brains of eohippus and Mesohippus\" (p. 135). Simpson writes of the brain of Mesohippus, \"The brain case had become swollen, and its internal cast shows a remarkable transformation 111 comparison with Eocene forms.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, p. 164.) Actually, \"transformation\" is not the right word. Rather the brain of Mesohippus is remarkably different from that of eohippus. Where is evolution here? Where are all the intermediate forms? There are none; there never were any. Mesohippus simply did not evolve from eohippus. And did Mesohippus really look like a horse? No, not at all. \"Mesohippus is about the size of a large dog, such as a pointer or a greyhound, and has the more slender proportions of the latter, but these animals already... looked like miniature horses... horse-like as they seem, almost every detail of structure, from the incisor teeth to the hinder hoofs is notably different from the corresponding part of Equus.\" (A History of Land\nHow DIFFERENT ARE THEY? Photographs show bones dubbed Miohippus (left) and Mesohippus (right). Evolutionists sometimes implied that one evolved from the other. However, experts have been forced to conclude that there really isn't too much difference between the two. They are simply closely related varieties of the some type of animal. Often, even paleontologists cannot tell the difference between bones dubbed by these two names. Another example where evolutionary theory obscures the true facts. (See PDF for Pictures)\nMammals in the Western Hemisphere, William Berryman Scott, pp. 410, 411.) How can Mesohippus look like a horse — when in almost every detail he appears different from a horse? This becomes an insult to intelligence. Then compare this paradox! Large numbers of bones which look like horses are found in South America. Some of the foot bones appear to be \"more\" one-toed than the present one-toed horse. But they are called \"false horses.\" These animals looked like horses; took the place of horses. But say evolutionists they are NOT horses. Why? They are found in strata much too \"early.\" If evolution had to admit there were horses long before horses were supposed to evolve, it would strike a death blow to the theory.\nWhat Happened to Mesohippus?\nEvolutionists would tell you that Mesohippus gradually died out over millions of years. But that is not what the fossil record reveals! A shocking quote dearly shows that a sudden catastrophe wiped out Mesohippus. \"In 1922, an Amherst party ran upon a bed where a layer about a foot and a half in thickness was exposed along about one hundred feet of a ravine. \"This layer of day and sand was filled with fragments of bones and jaws of rhinoceros and horse, and it is safe to say there were twenty-five jaws of Mesohippus in every cubic foot of the layer. \"All were broken and mixed up. \"Very seldom was a long bone complete, and at the same time they were not broken to bits nor weathered, each fragment being cleanly broken and every tooth perfect. It looked like... their bones had been tramped into the mud and broken before the whole was buried.\" (The Evolution of the Horse, Frederick B. Loomis, p. 104.) These bones were buried by sediment-filled waters. The encasing material is sand and clay. The Mesohippus bones were not weathered — proof of immediate burial. The jumbled and tangled mess of Mesohippus bones also clearly shows this sudden burial was violent! But evolutionists simply do not understand such facts in their true light. These proofs from the fossil record are usually passed off as rubbish piles of \"early man\" or watering holes where large numbers of mammals died. But the facts often tell a different story. They tell of burial; sudden burial; VIOLENT burial! True horses suffered the same type of destruction as Mesohippus.\nWhy Become Extinct?\nFew realize that the horse, an Old World animal — has been given a North American genealogy! That is, the supposed evolution of the horse is built up from fossils discovered in North America. However, from the time of the great catastrophe until 1519, it is generally agreed there were no living modern horses on the American continent. They had become extinct in North America. In February, 1519, horses were brought to the New World by Hernando Cortes. The early Indian horses of the Southwest were supposedly acquired from missions and traders at a later period. The sudden \"great dying\" of horses in North America is one of the great unsolved problems of paleontology. Especially since conditions in our West were such that the few horses which escaped from the Spanish explorers increased phenomenally in numbers! One leading scientist puzzled over this, saying: \"The extinction of the horse over the whole of North America and South America, where they had roamed in vast herds during the Pleistocene, is one of the most mysterious episodes of animal history.... \"There has been no lack of speculation and a dozen possible explanations have been suggested, but all of these lack evidence and none is really satisfactory... this seems at present one of the situations in which we must be humble and honest and admit that we simply do not know the answer. \"It must be remembered too that extinction of the horses in the New World is only part of a larger problem. Many other animals became extinct here at about the same time.\" (Horses, George Gaylord Simpson, pp. 198, 200.) In other words, catastrophe of unprecedented proportions had to wipe the horse off the face of North America. Otherwise, we are left with no logical explanation.\nThe Conclusion of the Matter\nWhat you have read in these two installments is only the tip of the information iceberg, thoroughly proving the horse did not evolve. Yet, many leading scientists believe it did evolve. Why? If you have cancer and the doctor tells you that you have one chance in a hundred of surviving, you would not be very happy. Suppose he said you had one chance in a million of living to a ripe old age. Not much \"probability\" of living out your three score and ten. Julian Huxley gives us such odds for a horse to evolve. \"A thousand to the millionth power, when written out, becomes the figure 1 with three million noughts after it: and that would take three large volumes of about five hundred pages each, just to print! \"... one with three million noughts after it is the measure of the unlikeliness of a horse — the odds against it happening at all. No one would bet on anything so improbable happening; and yet it has happened.\" (Evolution in Action, Julian Huxley, p. 42.) You would not bet on that kind of odds if it were YOUR life. No — it has not happened! The only possible proof of evolution, the fossil record, speaks eloquently against such an idea. Everywhere, the fossil record cries out, \"The horse did not evolve!\" The facts have been presented. Whether you accept or reject them is your decision. If you reject them, you will be missing out on the deep meaning of how this universe, this earth and life upon it came to be. You will miss out on understanding why you are here and what your purpose in life really is.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://acrossborders.oeaw.ac.at/tag/amara-west/", "date": "2023-11-30T11:01:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100184.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130094531-20231130124531-00594.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9305639863014221, "token_count": 1505, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__146668198", "lang": "en", "text": "In the last months, a total number of 492 faunal remains were identified and analyzed from the New Kingdom town of Sai Island. The identification and analysis of species was carried out on Sai Island during the field season 2014 and it was continued in Vienna (Austria) at the Museum of Natural History (1st Zoological Department, Archaeozoology) and at the Department of Palaeontology (University of Vienna). My sincere thanks go therefore to the Sudanese Authorities (NCAM and especially our inspector Huda Magzoub) and also to Dr. Erich Pucher and Dr. Karl Kunst for their constant support here in Vienna!\nThe bone deposits derive from SAV1 North within the New Kingdom town of Sai, from three levels numbered from 5 to 3, datable to the 18th Dynasty (see Budka and Doyen 2013). Human intervention related to butchery techniques has been detected on the faunal remains from all levels investigated.\nDiagram 1: Distribution of mammals and birds from Sai Island, SAV1 North according to the Number of Identified Specimens (NISP) for levels 3-5. The prevalent species are mainly sheep/goats and cattle, but with some differences from level 5 to 3.\nThe faunal composition demonstrates the prevalence of domesticated mammal species at SAV1 North (Diagram 1). However, the very limited number of bones available from good archaeological contexts (levels 5-3) has to be stressed ‒ the material did not allow statistical processing and all results are of a tentative character based on a restricted corpus of faunal remains. Yet, I do believe that there is rich potential in the study of the animal bones from the New Kingdom town area of Sai, especially with the new stratified material from recent excavations as in SAV1 West, still waiting for analysis. Today, I would like to present some first data concerning one of the interesting species among the attested mammals: the pig (Sus scrofa f. domestica).\nPigs are recorded at a relatively higher percentage, after sheep/goat, at level 5, but a reduction follows at level 4. The profile changes at level 3, where the number of the bones is again increasing.\nPigs correspond to 8 bones from level 5, 10 from level 4 and 55 from level 3. As it is illustrated in Diagram 1, they are found at a relatively high percentage at level 5. Evidence from level 4 demonstrates that cattle and caprine prevail, whereas pigs are found in a smaller number. Pigs remain just the third prevalent species at level 3, although the total number of bones is higher.\nFor level 5 and the small number of bones, the skeletal part distribution is not well understood. A small amount of vertebrae, humerus and dentes are noted for this level. Dentes, tarsals and pelvis have mainly survived from level 4. More remains have been recovered from level 3. Mandibles prevail (14.5%) followed by humerus (10.9%), costae (9%), radius (7.2%) and pelvis (7.2%). Smaller bones (carpals, tarsals, and phalanges) lack completely.\nThe analysis of the age profile shows that the vast majority of the material coming from level 3 belongs to individuals between 1 and 2.5 years. Some of them are younger than 1 year and only in one case up to 3.5 years. The dental examination confirms the young age for the majority of the animals (16 months). Level 4 presents mainly individuals younger than 2-3 years and in one case older than 3.5 years. From level 5 only one individual is recorded, which seem to be younger than 1 year.\nThe butchery marks recorded on pigs are mainly related to disarticulation and portioning.\nMandibula of a pig from Level 4.\nProximal part of a humerus from Level 4.\nTo conclude, pigs recovered at SAV1 North were slaughtered at the optimum age for meat consumption. The very rare cases of older pigs could be related with the needs of reproduction. It is noteworthy that as far as we know pigs in Nubia are mainly connected with Egyptian presence. For instance, the pyramid tomb G301 at Cemetery D of Amara West (19th Dynasty) brought to light a neonate piglet from the western chamber (Binder et al. 2011, 53). On the other hand, pigs have not been found at Kerma in the town or cemeteries (see the studies by L. Chaix, e.g. 1988 and the extensive list of publications available at http://kerma.ch/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=79#animal).\nIn New Kingdom Egypt, pig is among the most numerous species killed for meat and a preference for young animals is traceable in settlements (see e.g. at Amarna, Kemp 2012, 219-220).\nIt can be very tentatively suggested that the presence of pigs in the earliest level 5 at SAV1 North corresponds to the analysis of the ceramics from the same contexts: The material is New Kingdom in date and Egyptian in character, supporting the assessment that a Pharaonic settlement was founded on the island very early in the 18th Dynasty (cf. Budka 2011; Budka and Doyen 2013).\nFor now, only some preliminary tendencies for the faunal material from the New Kingdom town of Sai have been outlined. The low amount of the material studied so far has to be taken in consideration, implying that the results might significantly change during the next campaigns. However, the case study of the pig remains from SAV1 North illustrates that the study of the faunal remains from Sai will significantly contribute to the interpretation of the character of the site during the 18th Dynasty.\nBinder et al. 2011 = M. Binder, N. Spencer & M. Millet, Cemetery D at Amara West: the Ramesside period and its aftermath, British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan 16, 2011, 47–99.\nBudka 2011 = J. Budka, The early New Kingdom at Sai Island: Preliminary results based on the pottery analysis (4th Season 2010), Sudan & Nubia 15, 23–33.\nBudka and Doyen 2013 = J. Budka & F. Doyen, Living in New Kingdom towns in Upper Nubia – New evidence from recent excavations on Sai Island, Ägypten & Levante 22/23, 2012/2013, 167–208.\nChaix 1988 = L. Chaix, Cinquième note sur la faune de Kerma (Soudan). Campagnes 1987 et 1988. In C. Bonnet et al., Les fouilles archéologiques de Kerma (Soudan), Genava, n.s. 36, 1988, 27–29. http://kerma.ch/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=247\nKemp 2012 = B. Kemp, The City of Akhenaten and Nefertiti. Amarna and its people, Cairo 2012.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://zenhabitats.ca/pages/your-beardie-old", "date": "2024-04-19T05:57:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817289.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419043820-20240419073820-00525.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9426320791244507, "token_count": 1153, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__159541770", "lang": "en", "text": "Beardies - Old\nZENformation: Getting a Beardie?\nAnimal Care Manager Kasey lists the beardie as one of her five favorite reptiles.\nThe Wonderful Beardie\n“They are wonderful pets for a family,” says Kasey. “They are easy to care for and have a very chilled out persona. There are always exceptions in personalities.”\nKasey points out other characteristics of most beardies that make them great pets:\n- they are easily habituated to handling\n- take to tong feeding regularly\n- they love to interact with their people\nShe stresses the importance of learning the correct way to interact with the beardie. “You need to know how to approach and handle beardies and any animal in your care.\nAccidents can happen and animal interactions should always be supervised for the safety of the animal and the child,” she explains.\nFirst things first, a Home\nThe size of your enclosure, the environment you create, and accessories you include are extremely important for your beardie. Roughly 85% of illness in exotic animals is from poor husbandry.\n“If your beardie is a baby, you should section your enclosure using cardboard or create a temporary habitat in a smaller enclosure until they mature,” she says. “The reason to do this is because it can be difficult for young beardies to catch their food in an enclosure that is too large for them.”\nBeardies are endemic to the deserts of Australia, so you should mimic that environment as best as possible. To do this, your beardie needs:\n- Proper temperatures: There should be three separate zones within their enclosure, a cool side (75-80°F), a warm side (90-95°F) and a place to bask (95-100°F). You should have two thermometers to ensure the temperatures are in the correct range. An infrared surface thermometer can be used to monitor the temperature as well.\n- Season-specific lighting: Your light cycle, including UVB/UVA, should vary with the change in seasons. Beardies need 14-16 hours of daylight in the summer and 10-12 hours in the winter.\n- Healthy humidity: Beardies like their humidity on the lower side, about 20-40% and that can be measured using a hygrometer.\n- a large basking ledge\n- a cave to hide\n- a piece of driftwood to climb on\n- a hammock for lounging\n- a shallow food bowl\n- artificial or safe plants to transform the enclosure’s appearance\nFeeding Your Beardie\nBeardies, says Kasey, are amazing because their diet can be created using a wide variety of ingredients.\n“In the wild they are omnivores and will typically eat an assortment of vertebrates and invertebrates, as well a large range of plant material,” she says.\nBeardies have different diet needs based on their age.\n- Juvenile beardies: Their diet should consist of 80% protein and 20% fresh produce. Once they reach around 12 months of age you will want to start increasing the amount of produce given and decrease the amount of protein.\n- Mature beardies: Around 18 months of age they should be eating 80% produce and 20% protein.\nKasey recommends these commercially available high-protein sources:\n- Dubia Roaches\n- Super Worms\n- Silk Worms\nShe cautions, “You should never feed insects that you have caught outside, and all insects should be gut loaded. This means the insect should be fed a diet packed with calcium and nutrients to fill their gastrointestinal tract.”\nAs for plant sources, Kasey says you can feed them produce you have in the house. “I use produce I have bought for myself for the week, focusing more on fresh veggies and leafy greens with a little fruit as a treat,” she says.\nVitamins and minerals also need to be provided, including:\n- powdered Calcium/D3 to sprinkle on over the produce 2-3 times a week\n- a multivitamin once a week\nShe also says it’s important to have a good relationship with reptile specialist. “Bring your new pet to an exotics veterinarian within a week and establish a good relationship with routine wellness visits.”\nCool Beardie Facts\n- They get their name from the spines that protrude off their throat that resemble a man’s beard. The “beard” will puff out and possibly turn black when they are threatened or excited.\n- They come in a wide variety of colors, which make it really cool to pick out your new companion. The most common colors are tan, yellow, olive, and red with loads of variations in patterns.\n- A full-grown beardie will be about 16”-24” long.\n- Their tail is about the length of their body (snout to vent).\n- They are a stocky and flat bodied with distinct spines on their throats, sides of head and sides of body.\n- Their typical lifespan is 10-15 years.\nZen Habitats offers a variety of enclosures and accessories to suit your reptile, no matter the species. We would love to help you select the right enclosure setup for you and your pet! Email email@example.com or call (978) 763-3035.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://darlenericker.ca/what-can-massage-do.html", "date": "2023-11-30T20:27:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100232.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130193829-20231130223829-00430.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8860750794410706, "token_count": 319, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__213750573", "lang": "en", "text": "What can Massage do?\n1. Massage is relaxing\nIt can soothe depression and anxiety because it reduces levels of cortisol, the stress hormone. It can lift your spirits, lower blood pressure, and elevate neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine which are involved in depression.\n2. Massage can decrease pain\nInjury and/or vigorous exercise cause tiny tears in muscle tissue, leading to inflammation, discomfort and pain. Massage therapy works differently from anti-inflammatory drugs which decrease inflammation and pain, but may slow natural healing. If you are continually supressing inflammation with drugs, the body may not heal itself adequately. Massage therapy can both reduce inflammation and enhance recovery at the cellular level. Massage can reduce stiffness and pain; give better range of motion for those with osteoarthritis.\n3. Improves Sleep\nStudies point to massage's effect on delta brain waves, connected to healthy, rejuvenating sleep.\n4. Boosts Immunity\nMassage therapy is linked to a better functioning immune system due to its effect on lymphatic circulation. Massage can reduce stress, and keep you healthier.\n5. Reduces Headaches\nRegular massage therapy can decrease pain for people with tension headaches and migraines.\nMassage therapy increases blood flow, encourages the lymph system to move toxins, dead cells, bacteria and viruses out of your body.\n7. Eases Cancer Treatment\nMassage therapy is beneficial for people living with cancer or other serious illnesses. Massage can reduce pain, nausea, fatigue, anxiety and depression associated with serious illness.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.adoctorsguideto.com/toxins-can-you-get-rid-of-them/", "date": "2021-08-03T21:16:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154471.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20210803191307-20210803221307-00139.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.969632089138031, "token_count": 846, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__127921941", "lang": "en", "text": "In my last post I reviewed where we get exposed to toxins and why it is important to reduce one’s exposure to them as much as possible. There is a connection between toxin exposure as a fetus and to lower IQ levels in children. These toxins are the chemicals found in food, cleaning agents, paint and other household items including skin care products that contain preservatives, perfumes and formaldehyde. One of these categories are products that are “phthalates”. They are known as endocrine disruptors –the endocrine disruptors are linked to infertility, lower sperm counts, and endometriosis, and may be associated with contributing to preterm birth, among other problems relating to the menstrual cycle. These chemicals are used in plastics (most of our food is wrapped or contained in some form of plastic), and perfumes; so it is best to avoid exposure, especially during pregnancy to limit the food that is contained in plastic and not microwaving food in plastid containers, avoiding clothes dryer sheets that are scented. In fact, most (70%) of perfumes , especially synthetic perfumes, contain phthalates. Also, check the number on the plastic container, those with 3, 6, and 7 should be avoided.\nSo how else can you eliminate toxins other than not eating, drinking, breathing, or bathing? If you did all or those you would be dead, so there has to be some other way. The truth of the matter is that all fruits and veggies should be washed well before eating them; secondly, use stainless steel cookware or iron skillets rather than the non-stick pots and pans; thirdly, filter your water with a good filter, and this goes for ALL the water used for cooking and drinking. Buying water in plastic bottles is actually loaded not only with BPA, but also there are microscopic plastic pieces that are in the water too.\nIn this process to eliminate toxins, you have to help your liver do its job. Everything that you eat, drink or put on your skin ends up going through your liver at some point in time. So you have to make sure that it is functioning optimally. Certain things can make the liver sluggish. Drugs can affect the liver–especially too much acetaminophen, and too much alcohol damage the liver, so it is important to keep these at a minimum. Also foods that are high in sugar make the liver work harder and that includes many fruit juices that are predominantly sugar. Fresh fruits low in fructose are better, dried fruits tend to be higher in fructose, too. One fruit that helps to detox is lemon. Squeeze the juice of a fresh lemon or lime into a glass of water and drink that instead of some other concentrated sugar drink such as a carbonated beverage. The artificial sweeteners are also bad for your liver. Another way to help the liver is to cut down on the amount of red meat, as it is harder to digest. Fast food is especially hard on the liver because of the salt content, calorie content and trans fats. There are foods that can detoxify the body, broccoli is one of them, in addition to the other cruciferous veggies.\nAs part of the detoxification process it is important to stay well hydrated, to eliminate toxins through the kidney, but the process should be done slowly, as toxins that are stored can contribute to headache, joint pain, malaise, and fatigue if they are released too quickly. Often minerals that the body needs may be eliminated as well in the process, so taking a really good multi-vitamin such as “Maximum Vitality” during the process is essential. Products such as Pectasol (made from modified citrus pectin) help to eliminate environmental toxins and heavy metals from the system. During this time of detoxification, it is essential to have a “cleaner diet”, more whole, unprocessed foods, and less processed high sugar items.\nDon’t forget that a part of the detox process is getting sufficient exercise and stress management. Stress has been found to be a toxic component to many people’s lives.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hkhalili.com/services-7", "date": "2024-04-18T16:20:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817222.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418160034-20240418190034-00303.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.927471399307251, "token_count": 362, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__163949156", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Hamed Khalili, MD, MPH received a Clinical Research Investigator-Initiated Award from the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation for his project \"Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among US Black Women\" with Dr. Adjoa Anyane-Yeboa. This study will 1) expand our understanding of the burden of IBD and critical lifestyle and social factors associated with the disease among Black women, a critical knowledge gap in the field; 2) increase awareness of IBD among providers and Black individuals through dissemination of our work; 3) build the necessary infrastructure for developing a novel disease model for studying IBD among Black individuals incorporating lifestyle (e.g diet and physical activity), biological (e.g. genetics and microbiome) and contextual (e.g. neighborhood SES and social stressors) factors\nDr. Daniel DiGiacomo, MD, MPH was selected for the MGH ECOR Fund for Medical Discovery Population Healthcare Sciences Research Fellowship Award to study the non-infectious gastrointestinal complications of predominant antibody deficiency using nationwide data from Sweden. He has also recently obtained funding through Pfizer to provide educational outreach on diagnosing and managing primary immunodeficiency in underserved populations.\nDr. Emily Lopes, MD, MPH was awarded one of four 2022 Junior Faculty Development Grants from the American College of Gastroenterology for her project, \"Prevention of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Unaffected First‐Degree Relatives,\" which aims to understand if adherence to certain dietary and lifestyle factors can help prevent the development of IBD in high-risk individuals such as those who have a family member with IBD.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.macblack.co.nz/blog/shag-roosts-whanganui-chronicle/", "date": "2022-08-19T01:48:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00323.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9560964703559875, "token_count": 775, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__107485174", "lang": "en", "text": "The following article appeared in the Whanganui Chronicle on the 13th of April, 2021. Link to the full article here.\nIn mid-March, two large timber structures were erected at Tapuarau Lagoon in the Waitotara Conservation Area, just inland from the mouth of the Waitotara River.\nConstructed from heavy, 3m long, old wharf piles, and connected by joists of eucalyptus, they were built by MacBlack Timber in Whanganui, then taken to Tapuarau in kitset form and reassembled.\nGiven the weight of the timber and having to work in waist-deep water over a muddy bottom, erecting these structures was a challenge for those involved: Richard Thompson and three of his team from MacBlack Timber; Josh Penn from Ridgeline Forest and Farm Ltd; and Tony Woodill of Hawken Contracting, who transported the materials to the site.\nWhat are these structures and why were they being erected?\nThey are bird roosts, set up primarily for the shags that forage at Tapuarau. Shags feed underwater on fish and large aquatic invertebrates. Despite having water-repellent flight feathers, the birds' body feathers become wet and need drying out after each foraging session. This is why one often sees these birds sitting out of the water with wings spread.\nIdeal foraging habitat for shags is therefore one where there is both adequate food and somewhere to rest and dry out afterwards. But why shag roosts and why at Tapuarau? To answer these questions, let us step back a bit.\nAt the end of February 2021, Tilt Renewables' 980-hectare Waipipi Wind Farm started producing electricity.\nA project of this magnitude is not without environmental impacts. One of these was the loss of three farm ponds at the site, which were filled in to lessen the area's attractiveness to waterbirds, thereby reducing the risk of bird strikes.\nTo mitigate the loss of these ponds and its impacts on the birds that use them, Tilt Renewables consented to various mitigation measures, including enhancing habitat quality at a nearby wetland.\nIn consultation with the Department of Conservation and Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi, Tilt Renewables agreed to improve waterbird habitat at Tapuarau, 10 km ESE of Waipipi, and monitor the outcomes.\nThis area, comprising a series of small dune lakes, adjoining wetlands and grasslands, sustains some noteworthy bird species. These include the critically endangered Australasian bittern, New Zealand dabchick, three shag species—one of the groups affected by the loss of the ponds at Waipipi—the increasingly rare grey duck, various other waterfowl, and North Island fernbird. The area also supports several regionally rare or uncommon plant species.\nTilt Renewables' Ecological Monitoring and Management Plan proposes several conservation actions at Tapuarau. One of these was to erect two shag roosts, as the area lacked safe resting places for these birds. This has now been done.\nAnother is to control non-native predators in the area, such as feral cats, stoats and rats, which will help protect the birds at Tapuarau and further enhance the area's attractiveness to them. That part is currently being prepared.\nThe outcomes of these measures are being monitored to assess their effectiveness. To date, they look positive. Two instances of shags already using the roosts have been noted; more will surely follow.\nPeter Frost is an ecologist contracted to monitor the impacts of the roosts and other measures on waterbirds at Tapuarau.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://melanomaknowmore.com/prevention-and-risk-factors/", "date": "2021-06-13T20:17:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487610841.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20210613192529-20210613222529-00384.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9270488619804382, "token_count": 867, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__98391373", "lang": "en", "text": "Exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays appears to be the most important environmental factor involved in the development of skin cancer, including melanoma. It is also the one factor that is most easily controlled. When used consistently, sun-protective practices can prevent skin cancer. UV rays from artificial sources of light, such as tanning beds and sunlamps, are as dangerous if not more so, as those from the sun and should also be avoided. There is no “safe” tan. Although both tanning and burning can increase a person’s risk for skin cancer, most Americans do not consistently protect themselves from UV rays.\nMelanoma is an extremely preventable cancer when taking the following precautions:\n- Protect your skin.\n- Avoid sunburns.\n- Limit sun exposure, especially between the hours of 11 a.m.- 4 p.m. when the sun is the strongest\n- Wear protective clothing – such as long sleeves and hats – when exposed to sunlight\n- Use at least a SPF 30 sunscreen – applying 30 minutes before going out and 1-2 hours thereafter.\n- Look for a sunscreen that protects against both types of ultraviolet radiation in the sun’s rays-UVA and UVB.\n- Use a higher SPF when you are at higher elevations.\n- Avoid sunbathing and tanning salons. Studies suggest that your risk of melanoma increases by 75% if you start using artificial tanning before you are 30 years old.\n- Examine your skin regularly, and have your doctor check your skin during all other health exams, or at least once a year or visit one of Melanoma Know More’s free monthly skin cancer screening clinics.\n- Use sunscreen as a part of your daily moisturizing ritual.\n- Set a good example for your children by protecting your skin from too much sun.\nThose with a family history, i.e. first degree relative, have 2-3 times the risk of developing a melanoma and with more than one first degree relative with melanoma, the incidence is even higher.\nMoles and Having an Atypical (Dysplastic) Nevi\nThe number and size of moles increases the risk of developing melanoma. Also, atypical or dysplastic moles (nevi) are a common genetic disorder. People with these nevus’s usually have several large moles with more than one color and they typically develop in childhood and increase in size and number through adolescence. If you have these moles and have a genetic predisposition to melanoma, you are at an especially high risk for developing melanoma and should be followed regularly by a dermatologist. Also, encourage your family members to get their skin checked.\nBeing Born with a Mole(s)\nSome infants are born with a mole called a nevomelanocytic congenital nevus or having neurocutaneous melanosis puts a person at increased risk for developing melanoma. Larger moles increase the risk of developing melanoma.\nParents should consult with their Pediatrician and/or Pediatric Dermatologist to determine the appropriate medical plan when dealing with these moles.\nDeveloping one melanoma increases the risk of developing another melanoma.\nCaucasians are 20% more likely than African Americans to develop melanoma because they do not produce as much pigment to protect them from UV exposure. Fair-skinned, red-haired, blue/green-eyed people have a higher incidence of melanoma.\nBeing a White Male Over Age 50\nPeople of any race and age can get melanoma, white men are at particularly higher risk. Melanomas on white men are most often found on the back. Also pay close attention to moles on the scalp, since melanomas on the scalp have a higher mortality rate than elsewhere, because they are usually diagnosed at a more advanced stage.\nUltraviolet (UV) Light Exposure\nFrequent and intense exposure either from sun or artificial indoor tanning beds is a major risk factor for developing melanoma. The more blistering sunburns, particularly before 18 years of age, increases the risk of developing melanoma.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.bottomshelfbooks.com/2007/02/panda-bear-panda-bear-what-do-you-see.html", "date": "2023-12-08T00:06:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100705.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20231207221604-20231208011604-00609.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.937839686870575, "token_count": 146, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__137671805", "lang": "en", "text": "20 February 2007\nPanda Bear, Panda Bear, What Do You See?\nAuthor: Bill Martin Jr.\nIllustrator: Eric Carle\nThis is the third installment of the series, following the Brown Bear, Brown Bear and Polar Bear, Polar Bear books. This one distinguishes itself from the other two in that it features all animals on the endangered species list.\nNote: One of the things that made the first two books so successful and fun to read with kids was making the animal noises. However, you may need to do some background research here because this book is a little more challenging. Be prepared to dust off your water buffalo impersonation. And what the heck does a green sea turtle sound like?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.herstory-online.com/single-post/2018/08/16/dr-frances-oldham-kelsey", "date": "2023-12-11T05:48:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679103558.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211045204-20231211075204-00469.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9801483750343323, "token_count": 832, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__243294759", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Frances Oldham Kelsey\nDr. Frances Oldham Kelsey -- the pharmacologist whose bold stance against inadequate drug testing saved countless newborns from the perils of thalidomide, a drug which caused severe birth defects in over 10,000 infants -- was born on this day in 1914. On her first month on the job at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1960, the Canadian-born scientist resisted pressure from thalidomide's manufacturer to quickly approve the drug, which was already being widely prescribed in Europe as a sedative for pregnant women experiencing morning sickness. As a result of Dr. Kelsey's insistence on further safety testing, the drug was never approved in the United States, saving an untold number of children from its devastating effects. When Dr. Kelsey started working at the FDA, she was part of a new generation of scientists who wanted to ensure that drugs were proven safe and effective before being marketed to the public. At the time, the FDA did not have the authority to enforce these requirements and pharmaceutical companies often engaged in minimal safety testing. It was even a common practice for companies to send new or experimental drugs to doctors for them to try out on their patients. When Dr. Kelsey received the application from the Richardson-Merrell Company for approval of thalidomide, the company expected a fast approval since the drug was already in use in numerous countries including Germany, the UK, Canada, and Australia. Distrustful of the information provided by the company and, as she later explained, feeling that its representatives were \"at no time being wholly frank with me\" about the drug's safety, Dr. Kelsey told the company further tests were needed. Over several months, the company continued to submit their application and Dr. Kelsey continued to reject it citing the need for additional tests. Throughout this period, the company complained to her supervisors, contacted her repeatedly, and, as written in a 1962 Washington Post story, she \"[lived] the while with insinuations that she was a bureaucratic nitpicker, unreasonable – even, she said, stupid.\" Dr. Kelsey's determined stance was vindicated eight months after the company's initial filing when evidence from Europe showed that thalidomide was the cause of severe birth defects. In Germany alone, between 5,000 and 7,000 children were born without limbs or with flipper-like limbs, of which only 40% survived, and numerous cases emerged in other countries. In the US, fewer than 100 babies were born with thalidomide-related birth defects; the drug was never licensed in the US due to Dr. Kelsey's efforts however a small number of pregnant women were exposed to it through samples provided to doctors from the drug company. After news of the thalidomide disaster broke, there was huge public outcry for better drug testing and the U.S. Congress unanimously passed the Kefauver Harris Amendment in 1962 to strengthen drug regulations and gave the FDA enforcement authority. Dr. Kelsey was selected to help write the rules governing clinical trials -- rules that have since been adopted throughout the industrialized world -- and then oversee their enforcement as the chief of the Division of New Drugs. On August 7, 1962, Dr. Kelsey became the second woman ever to receive the country's highest civilian honor when President John F. Kennedy awarded her the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service. Dr. Kelsey's far-reaching impact on science and drug testing was described by Harvard historian Daniel Carpenter as follows: \"She had a huge effect on the science that we all take for granted today... She and the F.D.A. had a huge role in determining the terms and sequence of what is now modern clinical science.\" In 2005, Dr. Kelsey retired from the FDA at the age of 90 after 45 years of service and they established the Dr. Frances O. Kelsey Award to \"celebrate courage and scientific decision-making\" in her honor. This determined scientist, whose courageous actions helped save the lives of countless people, passed away in 2015 at the age of 101.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://gleasonbrookwinery.com/?page_id=74", "date": "2023-02-08T11:13:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500758.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20230208092053-20230208122053-00285.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9314897656440735, "token_count": 253, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__193939931", "lang": "en", "text": "Wetlands and grapes don’t mix – the saying is that grapes don’t like wet feet. At Gleason Brook Winery, we have an irrigation pond adjacent to a large wetland that sits well below the bench where the grapes are grown. Most of the time, grapes don’t t need irrigation – they send out deep roots. But newly planted vines may require some irrigation in their first two or three years if there is an extended period of low or no rainfall.\nMost farm ponds are pretty sad from an ecological perspective. Excess nutrients and pesticides drain in from adjacent fields, limiting the types of flora and fauna that can exist there. At our winery, we don’t use pesticides, and fertilizer use is strictly controlled. As a result, the pond is teeming with life, including several species of frogs, fish, turtles, salamanders, and one species of water snake. Ducks and geese nest here in the spring, and great blue herons frequently try their luck at getting a free meal from the abundant frog population. Mink have also been observed working the edge of the pond. The pictures show some of the pond’s abundant wildlife.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://chubimon.com/2023/08/18/enhancing-animal-welfare-in-livestock-farming-best-practices-and-strategies/", "date": "2023-09-30T23:13:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510730.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930213821-20231001003821-00388.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9152150750160217, "token_count": 2649, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__234319134", "lang": "en", "text": "The welfare of animals in livestock farming is a critical concern that impacts not only the quality of the produce but also the overall sustainability of the industry. Animal welfare encompasses various aspects, including the health, physiological well-being, and ethical treatment of animals. It has gained significant attention due to increasing consumer awareness and demand for ethically sourced products. This article sheds light on the importance of animal welfare in livestock farming and discusses the best practices and strategies for enhancing it. Furthermore, it explores the challenges faced in implementing these practices and how technology can aid in overcoming these hurdles and revolutionizing animal welfare in livestock farms.\nBest Practices For Animal Welfare In Livestock Farming\nIn enhancing animal welfare in livestock farming, the development and implementation of comprehensive policies and standards are paramount. These include guidelines that promote humane farming practices, ensuring animals are not only free from pain and disease but also from stress and discomfort. To guarantee adherence to these practices, rigorous oversight systems are necessary. Clear expectations need to be set, and stringent monitoring mechanisms need to be established with punitive measures for non-compliance.\nAdditionally, investing in research and education to propagate these humane farming standards is vital. Research provides evidence-based approaches to improving animal welfare, while education equips farmers with the necessary knowledge and skills to implement these standards effectively. Only with a comprehensive, informed approach can we truly enhance the welfare of animals in livestock farming.\nEstablishing Guidelines for Humane Treatment Establishing guidelines for humane treatment is an essential first step in enhancing animal welfare in livestock farming. These guidelines should focus on providing a safe, comfortable environment for animals, minimizing their stress, and ensuring that their nutritional and health needs are met. Regulations should be developed against practices that cause unnecessary harm or discomfort to animals. These might include guidelines on the proper handling of animals, housing conditions, feeding procedures, and veterinary care protocols.\nImplementation of these guidelines requires a commitment from all stakeholders in the livestock farming industry, from farmers to veterinarians, to transportation and slaughter facilities. It’s important that these guidelines are not merely recommendations but are enforced with regular inspections and penalties for non-compliance. Enforcing these humane treatment guidelines not only ensures the well-being of the animals but also contributes significantly to the overall quality of products derived from them.\nMonitoring and Reducing Stress in Animals A crucial aspect of enhancing animal welfare in livestock farming involves continuous monitoring and proactive measures to mitigate stress in animals. Stress in livestock can manifest due to various factors, including environmental conditions, overcrowding, improper handling, and an inadequate nutritional supply. These stressors not only affect the animals’ overall well-being but can also negatively impact their productivity and predispose them to illness.\nIncorporating stress-reducing strategies is, therefore, critical. This could involve creating comfortable living conditions, ensuring proper handling and transportation, providing satisfactory nutrition, and implementing measures to prevent disease outbreaks. Advances in technology can also be harnessed, with stress-monitoring devices and digital platforms helping farmers identify signs of stress early and take corrective actions promptly. By reducing stress, livestock farmers can significantly improve animal welfare, enhance production efficiency, and ensure sustainable farming operations.\nEnsuring Adequate Nutrition and Veterinary Care Ensuring adequate nutrition and veterinary care is a critical aspect of enhancing animal welfare in livestock farming. Nutrition plays a pivotal role in animal health, productivity, and overall well-being. It is crucial to provide livestock with a balanced diet that meets their specific nutritional requirements, which can vary based on their age, breed, and stage of life. Furthermore, the provision of clean water at all times is a non-negotiable aspect of animal welfare.\nIn addition to nutrition, regular veterinary care is paramount to maintaining the health of livestock and preventing disease outbreaks. This includes routine check-ups, vaccinations, and immediate treatment of any health issues that arise. Farmers should also be educated on basic animal health care practices and signs of common livestock diseases to enable early detection and treatment. By prioritizing adequate nutrition and veterinary care, livestock farmers can significantly improve the welfare and productivity of their animals.\nStrategies For Improving Animal Welfare In Livestock Farming\nAdopting a proactive approach toward improving animal welfare in livestock farming necessitates strategic collaboration and resource allocation. Farmers’ partnerships with animal welfare organizations can provide essential resources, including expertise in humane animal husbandry and veterinary care. Leveraging public-private partnerships can further augment these resources by combining the efficiency of the private sector with the regulatory oversight of public agencies.\nA strategic focus on high-impact programs can enable the livestock farming sector to make significant strides toward improved animal welfare. The use of government incentives to encourage the adoption of humane farming practices can be a powerful tool in this endeavor. By identifying and implementing best practices for animal welfare, and reducing crowding and stress on livestock farms, we can ensure a more sustainable and humane industry. The ultimate goal should always remain the health and well-being of the animals in our care.\nIdentifying Best Practices for Animal Welfare In the quest to enhance animal welfare in livestock farming, identifying and implementing best practices stand as paramount measures. These practices revolve around integral aspects of animal health and well-being, such as nutrition, housing conditions, veterinary care, handling, and stress management. It is crucial to undertake comprehensive research and consultations with experienced veterinarians, animal behaviorists, and other industry experts to unearth effective methodologies for animal care specific to each species.\nMoreover, these best practices should be adaptable and flexible to accommodate the ever-evolving discoveries in veterinary science and animal welfare research. They should promote humane treatment, encouraging farmers to avoid unnecessary discomfort or stress for the animals. By consistently identifying and refining these best practices, livestock farmers can play a pivotal role in bolstering animal welfare, ultimately contributing to enhanced farm productivity and sustainability.\nImplementing Humane Farming Practices Implementing humane farming practices is a crucial step toward improving animal welfare standards on livestock farms. This can be achieved in a myriad of ways, with one of the most common being the provision of adequate space for livestock. By reducing overcrowding, animals can move freely, engage in natural behaviors, and live in a less stressful environment. Additionally, the adoption of natural living conditions such as pasture-based systems not only promotes animal welfare but also results in better product quality, thus benefiting both the animals and the farmers.\nFurthermore, humane farming practices encompass the proper handling and transportation of animals. By training staff on low-stress handling techniques, the risk of injury and stress on animals is substantially reduced. Similarly, implementing well-planned transportation strategies can help minimize stress and the potential for injury during transit. Overall, humane farming practices not only improve the welfare of the animals but also contribute to the success of the farm, creating a win-win situation for both livestock and farmers.\nReducing Crowding and Stress in Livestock Farms One of the vital strategies for enhancing animal welfare in livestock farming is the reduction of crowding and stress. Overcrowding in livestock farming often leads to increased stress levels among the animals, resulting in detrimental effects on their overall health and productivity. High stress levels can lower the animals’ immune responses, making them more vulnerable to diseases and negatively impacting their growth and reproduction rates.\nTherefore, farmers should prioritize creating spacious and comfortable environments for their livestock. Implementing practices such as rotational grazing, where animals are regularly moved to fresh pastures, can help prevent overgrazing and maintain a healthy environment. Similarly, providing ample space in barns and shelters, ensuring adequate ventilation, and regularly cleaning the living areas are vital for reducing stress and promoting animal welfare. By reducing crowding and stress, livestock farmers can significantly improve animal health, welfare, and productivity.\nTechnology And Animal Welfare In Livestock Farming\nThe advent of technology has brought about significant improvements in animal welfare within the context of livestock farming. For instance, the automation of several farming practices has reduced the physical stress on animals by providing a consistent and reliable care system that ensures their comfort, safety, and health. This includes tasks such as feeding, milking, and cleaning livestock pens, which are carried out with a high degree of precision and regularity.\nThe innovation of animal tracking systems, on the other hand, has revolutionized the way farmers monitor the health and well-being of their livestock. These systems provide real-time data on an animal’s location, behavior, and physiological state, thereby enabling early detection of health issues and prompt veterinary care. Moreover, the application of AI in livestock farming has the potential to further enhance animal welfare by predicting disease outbreaks, improving breeding methods, and optimizing feed regimes. Such advancements underscore the positive impact of technology on animal welfare and the growing importance of its integration into livestock farming.\nAutomating Livestock Farming to Improve Animal Welfare Automation in livestock farming stands as a significant game-changer in enhancing animal welfare. The integration of technology in livestock farming has ushered in an era of precision farming, which not only increases efficiency and productivity but also greatly improves the living conditions of the animals. Automated systems for feeding, milking, and environmental control are reducing the stress on animals by providing consistency and meeting their individual needs more effectively.\nAdvanced robotics have taken over tasks that were previously done manually, minimizing the risk of human error and ensuring a high standard of care. Automated health monitoring systems can detect signs of disease or distress early, allowing for prompt treatment and reducing suffering. By automating livestock farming, we are paving the way toward a more humane and sustainable future in animal agriculture.\nThe Benefits of Using Technology in Livestock Farming When we consider the vast potential of technology in the realm of livestock farming, it is clear that its integration offers profound benefits for animal welfare. First and foremost, technology can significantly aid in monitoring animal health, thus allowing for early detection of any signs of disease or distress. With the use of advanced devices and applications, farmers can track key health indicators like heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, and activity levels in real time. This contributes to a more proactive approach to veterinary care, significantly reducing the risk of illness spreading within the herd and improving overall animal well-being.\nMoreover, technology helps reduce stress among animals in livestock farming. Automated feeding and milking systems, for instance, can deliver consistent and regular care, minimizing the need for invasive human intervention. In addition, innovations in tracking systems can provide data to optimize living conditions, such as adjusting temperature, lighting, and spacing in animal enclosures. As a result, technology not only boosts productivity in livestock farming but also plays a critical role in ensuring the humane treatment of animals, enhancing their overall quality of life.\nHow AI Can Revolutionize Animal Welfare on Farms The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds the potential to transform the landscape of animal welfare in livestock farming. AI can be utilized to create sophisticated systems for real-time monitoring and assessment of livestock health conditions. This helps farmers identify and address health issues promptly, ensuring animals receive appropriate veterinary care at the right time.\nAdvanced AI-based technologies can also facilitate stress detection in livestock, aiding in the identification of environmental or health-related stress factors. By continuously monitoring behavioral patterns in real-time, AI can help mitigate animal stress levels by alerting farmers to make necessary changes in livestock management. Therefore, AI proves instrumental in promoting a humane approach to livestock farming, thereby significantly enhancing animal welfare.\nIn conclusion, the enhancement of animal welfare within livestock farming is a multi-faceted and complex task. It requires the development and implementation of humane practices, thorough monitoring systems, ongoing education and research, and optimal utilization of available technologies. Together, these strategies can address the challenges and maximize the benefits of good animal welfare in terms of health, productivity, and business sustainability.\nThe role of technology, in particular, is undeniably significant. Automatic systems, tracking software, and data-driven health monitoring can transform the way animals are cared for in farming environments. Such technologies not only improve efficiency but also enable the detection and mitigation of stress, disease, and other welfare issues more effectively. We, therefore, encourage all stakeholders in livestock farming to take these insights to heart and prioritize animal welfare as a key component of their operations.\n- Real Estate6 months ago\nHow to Invest in Real Estate: The Ultimate Beginner’s Guide to Getting Started\n- Insurance3 months ago\nInsurance: Types, Importance, and Choosing the Best Coverage\n- Insurance3 months ago\nThe Evolution of the Insurance Industry: From Origins to Modern Times\n- Insurance6 months ago\nInside the Insurance Industry – Third Edition\n- Insurance3 months ago\nInsuring Properties and Vehicles: Understanding the Basics\n- Real Estate3 months ago\nMarketing Real Estate in America: Strategies for Success\n- Insurance6 months ago\nThe Perfect Insurance Agency: Simple Changes to Ensure Success by Eddie Price\n- Real Estate3 months ago\nThe Evolution of Real Estate: From Humble Beginnings to a Thriving Industry", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://balmainosteopaths.com.au/osteopathy/", "date": "2020-02-18T17:06:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875143784.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20200218150621-20200218180621-00155.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9398747682571411, "token_count": 219, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__36745949", "lang": "en", "text": "Osteopathy is a system of healthcare grounded in human anatomy and physiology.\nIt is bound by the principles of natural science, of how the body functions and its interaction with its environment. It is the science, philosophy and principles that define Osteopathy, rather than any particular form of diagnosis or treatment.\nThe science and principles of osteopathy are applied to a wide variety of musculoskeletal issues. As the osteopath takes the case history, examines, diagnoses and treats the patient, they are using the principles of osteopathy to develop an understanding of the person and their problem. They consider the nature of the condition, how it relates to its surrounding structures, what the vitality of the body system is like, and how the person’s body is functioning as a whole. All of these factors have a bearing on the diagnosis, treatment and recovery.\nIt is the philosophy and principles of osteopathy that render it unique and different to comparable modes of physical therapy, such as chiropractic and physiotherapy.\nThe following principles guide the practice of Osteopathy.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.reflexionsdental.ca/dental-exam--cleanings", "date": "2023-12-08T23:09:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100779.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208212357-20231209002357-00199.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9450309872627258, "token_count": 660, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__175756715", "lang": "en", "text": "Oral cancer screening\nOur team will check for any signs of oral cancer on the face, neck, lips, tongue, throat, tissues, and gums. If any signs of oral cancer are present, we may use the VELscope to assist with our examination. The VELscope is a handheld device that emits a harmless, bright blue light that is used to inspect the mouth and tongue. The device is sensitive to abnormal tissue changes, and the distinctive blue-spectrum light causes the soft tissue of the mouth to naturally fluoresce. Healthy tissues fluoresce in distinct patterns that may be visibly disrupted when tissue undergoes an abnormal change, which can occur in the oral mucosa for a multitude of reasons, such as oral cancer.\nGum disease evaluation\nA thorough examination of the surrounding tissues of the teeth is performed to check for any signs of periodontal disease. The gums are carefully measured below the gumline next to the tooth to determine if they are healthy or if periodontal disease is present and needs to be treated.\nExamination of existing restorations\nWe also inspect any existing fillings, crowns, etc. to check for any signs of wear or damage. Over the years, your existing fillings and crowns can break down and may need restoration or replacement to function well.\nExamination of tooth decay\nAll surfaces of the teeth are checked for signs of decay. Digital x-rays are used to check the surfaces not visible in the mouth. If any tooth decay is present, our team will provide a treatment plan tailored to your individual needs with all your options to restore your teeth back to a healthy functioning dentition.\nX-rays are essential for the detection of decay, tumours, cysts, and bone loss. They also help us determine the position of the tooth as well as the roots. Digital x-rays use smallest dosage of radiation possible. They are recommended every other year to check for routine maintenance, if there has been trauma to a tooth, or if there is a concern that cannot be diagnosed with a visual exam.\nCalculus is hardened plaque that has been left on the tooth for some time and is now firmly attached to the tooth surface. It can only be removed with proper dental instruments. Removal of calculus formed above the gum line is called scaling, and the removal of calculus formed below the gum line is called root planing.\nPlaque is a sticky, almost invisible film that forms as a colony of living bacteria, food debris, and saliva over time. The bacteria are toxic and can break down the enamel and cause the formation of cavities as well as inflammation of the gums, which is the beginning of periodontal diseases.\nA special polishing cup and paste are used to remove stain and plaque that is not otherwise removed from the teeth during home care or with professional scaling.\nA Fluoride varnish treatment is brushed on each tooth. This high-intensity fluoride is taken up by the freshly polished surface of the enamel and helps to strengthen it. The varnish forms a coating on the tooth surface within seconds, so no more waiting half an hour before eating or drinking, with the exception of hot beverages that may melt it off.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://purativity.com/original_ouinton/", "date": "2017-04-26T09:51:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121267.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00199-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8634950518608093, "token_count": 939, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__219757671", "lang": "en", "text": "You have no items in your shopping cart.\nORGINAL QUINTON ISOTONIC & HYPERTONIC\nConsumers can purchase Original Quinton products from:\nPractitioner can purchase Original Quinton products from:\nVisit Laboratoire Quinton’s Main Site:\nCellular life began and evolved in the sea for nearly 3-billion years. In the late 1800’s, revolutionary biologist Rene Quinton was inspired to prove that the extracellular fluid and blood plasma of animals and humans was inherited from seawater. Years of research culminated in his famous treatise, L’eau de Mer Milieu Organique*, that changed our understanding of physiology forever.\n*Seawater, the organic medium\nSeawater – What is it?\nSeawater is the most complex fluid on planet Earth, containing a biochemical record of every aspect of evolution from enzymes to RNA and DNA. It served as life’s biological terrain, supporting homeostasis throughout the development of all five Kingdoms of Life. Most importantly, the Primordial Ocean provided the complete spectrum of mineral and trace elements of the Periodic Table that nourished all cellular life.\nToday, modern terrestrial life is deficient in the complex nutrients once provided by the sea to support a healthy and balanced extracellular matrix. Rene Quinton recognized that seawater could be one of the most important nutrients for achieving homeostasis. He and his researchers located the ideal location for harvesting the purest, most biologically active seawater – a plankton bloom.\nPlankton blooms are huge assemblages of both phytoplankton and zooplankton that interact in a process known as Biocenosis, generating a complex and nutrient-rich biochemical diversity.\nModern Preparation of Original Quinton Seawater\nToday, after 118 years, Laboratoires Quinton continues to harvest, process and package seawater under the proprietary protocols developed by Rene Quinton. Far from coastal areas in the pristine open Atlantic Ocean, a precise location within the plankton bloom is determined for harvesting seawater from a depth of 30 meters into sterile containers. The containers are chilled to 4o C and transported to the Laboratoires Quinton, an EU certified pharmaceutical facility. To produce a raw bioactive mineral and trace element supplement of this quality requires:\n- A month-long detailed QC evaluation of each seawater batch\n- Minimal processing and no direct human contact\n- Pharmaceutical clean-room conditions\n- Cold micro-filtration (never heated or energy sterilized)\n- Robotic packaging in sterile glass ampoules\n- Extensive chemical and microbiological QC testing of the finished product\nOral Original Quinton Isotonic™ - “Restoring the Terrain”\nRene Quinton and his researchers discovered that when they diluted seawater to match the osmotic concentration (0.9%) of the blood, it was quickly absorbed and replenished the composition of the extracellular fluid. The result was enhanced cellular nutrition required for homeostasis.\nOriginal Quinton Isotonic™ has 0.9% bioavailable minerals and trace elements of the Periodic Table, which uniquely supports restoration of the biological terrain.\nOral Original Quinton Hypertonic™ - “Optimum Mineralization”\nQuinton Hypertonic™ is pure seawater harvested from a protected plankton bloom, following the strict protocols developed by Rene Quinton.\nOriginal Quinton Hypertonic™ has 3.3% bioavailable minerals and trace elements of the Periodic Table, which support optimal mineralization and alkalization.\nIf you are on a low sodium diet, Original Quinton™ does not recommend the use of Quinton Hypertonic™. One ampoule of Quinton Hypertonic™ contains 108 mg of sodium, approximately the same amount in an average size apple.\nQuinton seawater exclusive properties:\n- The ONLY nutritional seawater harvested from pure Biocenosis zones within plankton blooms.\n- The ONLY nutritional seawater prepared in a dedicated GMP facility with EU certification and FDA registration.\n- The ONLY nutritional seawater that is refrigerated during transportation and all processing.\n- The ONLY nutritional seawater that is raw, unheated, dual-microfiltered, un-concentrated and packaged in glass ampoules.\n- The ONLY nutritional seawater source of organo-complexed bioavailable minerals, trace elements and bioactive marine cofactors – 78 laboratory-verified elements.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://blog.paramountequity.com/2013/06/pest-free-this-summer/", "date": "2020-07-03T20:36:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655882934.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20200703184459-20200703214459-00094.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.957488477230072, "token_count": 613, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__101568859", "lang": "en", "text": "Want to prevent moles and pests from taking over your yard and home this summer? When it comes to pest control, you need to be vigilant. Be on the lookout for the earliest signs of pests and prevent their invasion through biological or chemical control.\nAlthough the cold season is finally over, many homeowners have to contend with the problem of rodents, insects, moles, caterpillars, snails and slugs that can quickly destroy the plants in the yard. These pests hide beneath leaves, under stones and in other places.\nPests cannot only damage the plants in the yard, but also the entire home. You need to act fast to contain or prevent them from destroying your plants. Here are eight ways through which you can keep your yard pest free this summer:\n1. Control moisture level. Excess moisture provides good breeding conditions for some pests. Seal all roof, gutter and plumbing leaks and do not overwater your plants or lawn. Make sure your yard and home stay as dry as possible.\n2. Seal off any cracks on walls near your yard. Weather stripping around doors is also a good way to keep pests away.\n3. Get rid of plants that attract insects and rodents to your yard. Examples of these plants include oleander, fig trees and bamboo. You should also trim the lawn and bushes near your home.\n4. Use mole traps to catch moles. Insert the trap in the run (preferably in between hills) and place it in a dark area.\n5. Add coffee grounds to your yard. Apart from adding nitrogen to soil and increasing acidity in plants, coffee helps to keep away some pests. Cats and slugs for example hate coffee. Coffee has also proved to be an effective olfactory based repellant for deer.\n6. Use organic sprays to repel insects. Some of the ingredients found in organic sprays include garlic cloves and hot pepper. Some sprays have a combination of both ingredients and repel all kinds of pests including bugs.\n7. While slugs are the most annoying small pests, rabbits and deer are competing for this position among the big pests. Rabbits can bring down an entire yard of plants in a matter of days. Fencing your yard all round is a great way to keep big pests away during summer.\n8. Apply Bloodmeal. Blood meal is dried and flaked blood, a byproduct of meat packaging. Animals, especially deer and rabbits, do not like the smell of Bloodmeal. Besides keeping rodents away, Bloodmeal is also a good addition to your yard because of its high nitrogen content. Sprinkle the powder on the garden beds and around the plants, not on top of the leaves.\nThe above are some of the ways through which you can keep pests away from your yard. In some cases, you will need to apply pesticide to get rid of the pests completely. If you must use pesticide, then ensure it is not very toxic to the extent that it will kill your plants.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.painandwellnessinstitute.com/medical-procedures/intercostal-nerves-block-and-rfa/", "date": "2023-12-07T04:33:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100632.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20231207022257-20231207052257-00430.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9150415658950806, "token_count": 595, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__274022054", "lang": "en", "text": "Intercostal nerve block is a procedure used to treat pain in the chest and upper abdomen areas. An intercostal nerve block is a block of nerves that lie underneath the lower edge of each rib.\nThe intercostal nerve is found between ribs throughout the thoracic region. Injecting anesthetics, steroids, or other medications inhibits the transmission of pain signals and reduces inflammation of these nerves. This procedure may also be used to diagnose pain and identify the route of the pain signal. Conditions treated with the intercostal nerve block include:\n- Neuropathic pain in the chest associated with herpes zoster or shingles.\n- Chronic pain after mastectomy.\n- Rib fracture pain.\n- Pain related to the formation of scar tissue after surgery.\n- Somatic pain, secondary to metastatic cancer to the ribs.\nFluoroscope guidance using X-ray helps the doctor determine the correct placement of the needle. Once correct placement is verified, the nerve block injection is administered. A successful block is marked by pain relief. During the procedure, one nerve site may be blocked, or the injection may be performed at different sites along the nerve.\nIntercostal nerve block is a short outpatient procedure that is capable of relieving pain in the muscles, bones, and skin in the chest and upper abdomen. Patients suffering from difficult-to-treat neuropathic or metastatic bone cancer pain may find an intercostal nerve block reduces their pain or relieves it completely. If the procedure is successful, the patient is a candidate for repeat injections to treat recurring pain.\nThe use of fluoroscopy in identifying proper needle placement greatly reduces the risk of pneumothorax and damage to surrounding tissues.\nThe first nerve block functions as a test as well as a possible treatment for pain. If the block results in pain relief, the physician can identify the role of the intercostal nerve in the patient’s condition. After a successful block, pain relief varies from patient to patient. Those being treated for acute pain tend to respond better to the nerve block than chronic pain sufferers. The anesthetic provides immediate pain relief that lasts a few hours. It takes longer for the steroid component to reduce inflammation and relieve pain. The steroid takes effect in about three to five days and can continue to provide pain relief for weeks or months. Patients who respond positively to treatment may receive repeat injections over time to prolong pain relief. Once the role of the intercostal nerve is identified, a permanent ablation may be performed to provide long-term pain relief.\nThe procedure is relatively low risk. Less than 1% of patients experience pneumothorax. This minimally-invasive treatment for pain that is often resistant to other medical interventions is easy for the patient to tolerate with minimal discomfort. If effective, the block allows patients to be more physically active in activities of daily living and improves quality of life.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.premieroralsurgeryct.com/dental-services/how-to-know-if-youre-a-right-candidate-for-the-bone-grafting-procedure/", "date": "2023-02-09T13:01:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499966.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20230209112510-20230209142510-00344.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.915461540222168, "token_count": 667, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__286274069", "lang": "en", "text": "Bone grafting is an operational procedure where the doctor uses the transplanted bone to repair and rebuild the diseased or damaged bones. Bone graft is a choice to fix the bones almost anywhere in your body. For instance, jawbone recession or loss is a severe dental condition contributing to tooth loss and a sunken facial appearance. Thus, your dentist may recommend bone grafting to enhance the amount of bone in your jawline to offer additional support or replace the hollowness. Thus, in this treatment, the bone is taken from one part of your body to surgically fuse it to the existing bone in the jaw.\nHere are a few conditions that make you an eligible candidate for the bone-grafting procedure:\nThe majority of the patients who require bone grafting have lost jawbone tissue due to missing teeth. When a patient chews or bites food, the teeth roots stimulate the alveolar bone, making the body respond by sending blood flow and nutrients to the jawbone. However, if the roots of your tooth are missing, then the jawbone will no longer receive the nutrition or stimulation, leading to reabsorption or breaking down. This causes the remaining teeth to become loose, further distorting the facial aesthetics of your face.\nThus, patients who require dental implants and adequate volume to support the dental implants require a bone grafting procedure.\nA knocked-out tooth or a blow to the face can lead to the deterioration of the jawbone. Thus, if you are suffering from any oral injury due to an accident or assault, your dental surgeon may recommend bone grafting surgery to help you fix and restore the strength of your jawbone. This will further help you achieve the natural aesthetics of your face.\nCyst removal or tumor\nIf your surgeon is performing oral surgery to remove the cysts or tumors, he may need to remove a portion of the jawbone. In such a situation, they may conduct a reconstructive bone graft to restore the appearance and strength of your jawbone. Therefore, when thinking of bone grafting treatment, it is advisable to consult a well-experienced dentist or a maxillofacial surgeon in town.\nIn cases where the periodontitis is left unaddressed, the bacterial infection is prone to reach the jawbone, resulting in gradual deterioration. Gum disease is one of the typical causes of tooth loss that further damages the jawbone. So, if you are suffering from any gum disease, your dentist may recommend bone graft treatment as a comprehensive treatment plan.\nTherefore, consider looking for a reputed dentist in town who offers several advanced and effective bone graft techniques. It can include sinus lift, block grafts, particulate grafts, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs).\nNeed a facial or dental trauma surgeon? We are here to help! At Premier Oral Surgery, we offer complete solutions associated with oral and maxillofacial surgery services. Our professionals hold extensive specialization in multiple oral surgeries, such as bone grafts, cone beam CT scan, implant placement, and removal of wisdom or impacted teeth. Call us at 203-939-9390 or at firstname.lastname@example.org to know more!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://wshannon.netlify.app/", "date": "2023-11-30T18:14:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100229.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130161920-20231130191920-00149.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9042125344276428, "token_count": 262, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__172029888", "lang": "en", "text": "I am a graduate of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine: Medical Scientist Training/MD-PhD Program and I am currently a first year resident in the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Specialty Training and Advanced Research (STAR) Program and dermatology residency.\nMy interests include: precision dermatology, preventive medicine, public health, data science, machine learning, and digital health.\nI have performed research in computational medicine as part of the Hopkins Individualized Health Initiative to improve disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment through data science and predictive analytics. With support from the NIH F30 Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award, I completed my PhD in biomedical engineering with a focus on machine learning for clinical risk prediction, under the mentorship of Dr. Scott Zeger, the John C. Malone Professor of Biostatistics and Medicine.\nBefore starting my training as a physician scientist at Hopkins, I completed my undergraduate studies in bioengineering and biomedical research at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). At UCLA, I also performed tissue engineering research in Dr. Benjamin Wu’s lab as a Howard Hughes Undergraduate Research Program Scholar and Goldwater Scholar.\nContact information: swongvibulsin at mednet dot ucla dot edu", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.mycotwin.eu/mycotoxin-platform-of-turkey", "date": "2024-04-13T04:19:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816535.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413021024-20240413051024-00809.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9240160584449768, "token_count": 204, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__69265656", "lang": "en", "text": "The Platform aims to increase scientific knowledge and experience in Turkey concerning mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi by a co-creation methodology through membership networking, scientific meetings, working groups, seminars, discussions, technical trainings and publications. Active participation of food chemists and technologists, plant pathologists, mycologists, nutritionists, food producers, retailers, associations and policy makers are expected in the platform.\nThe Platform will promote research on mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi thereby leading to prevention and reduction in exposure to mycotoxins, enhanced food safety in Turkey. This well-structured multi-disciplinary research group, which deals with all known aspects of mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi issues, will be able to provide the most adequate strategies and solutions for the different stakeholders. And the updates of the progress and the news about the improvements in the area will be announced in the web page of the project and also through the newsletters.\nRegistration to the MycoTWIN activities", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thedailyadventuresofme.com/home/sea-turtles-around-cancun-mexico", "date": "2023-11-29T03:08:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100047.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129010302-20231129040302-00568.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9555569887161255, "token_count": 1301, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__287438851", "lang": "en", "text": "My family has been traveling annually to the area around Cancun, Mexico, for the past twenty years. There are many wonderful things about visiting this area of the world, and you can find a list of my favorites here. One of our favorites has been being exposed to and safely interacting with magnificent sea turtles. These beauties quickly became one of my favorite sea animals with their grace and peaceful nature.\nTable of Contents\nWhen Can I See Sea Turtles Mate?\nMay through July is the mating season, and you can book tours to glimpse this during diving tours around Isla Mujeres. The Carey Dive Center runs turtle mating dives.\nHow Can I See an Adult Sea Turtle Onshore in Cancun?\nFemale sea turtles come onshore to eastern Mexican beaches from May through September. All seven species of sea turtles are in danger of extinction because of poaching, habit destruction, death by the rubbish in our oceans, and inadvertent capture in fishing nets. Sea turtles spend most of their lives in the ocean, only being on shore at their birth and laying eggs. Being on the sand can be one of the most dangerous periods of the turtles’ lives as they are exposed to predators and poachers. Naturally, only one or two eggs out of one thousand will become adult sea turtles.\nThey are spectacular creatures to see walking along the sand, but it is ILLEGAL to disrupt them in any way. If you want to see them, pick a nice quiet spot, preferably on a moonlit night, and chill. Stay far away (at least 10 meters) when you see a turtle, and do not smoke or use any flash photography. Watch this miracle from a respectful distance, staying very quiet. If you disrupt the mother, she may abandon what she is doing. Then she may return to the ocean and dump the eggs where they will have no chance of survival. When encountering a nest, let the security guards know so they can protect it.\nGuided turtle walks are offered by Centro Ecological Akemal and are a great way to gain knowledge while observing these creatures.\nWhere Can I See Baby Sea Turtles?\nFour of the seven species of sea turtles live and make nests off the coast of eastern Mexico. You can find green turtles (which they call tortuga blanca), loggerhead turtles, and hawksbill turtles, as well as the occasional leatherback.\nThe hotels around Cancun, marine biologists, and conservation groups work to protect these animals by increasing the chances of eggs making it back into the water as baby sea turtles. Consequently, when they find a nest, they dig up the eggs and move them to a protected place to guard them against poachers or animals who would like to eat them. They dig a hole the same size and depth as the original nest at the nursery. Then they post a sign with the species, date, time of nesting, and the number of eggs.\nDepending on the species and sand temperature, it generally takes 45-60 days for the eggs to hatch. If the hatchlings have to make their way to the water over a considerable distance in the daylight, they would be easy prey to predators, especially birds, such as frigates. The hatchlings are brought inside to a safe place. They are later released into the ocean at night, preferably with a full moon, high tide, and no predatory birds around.\nThere are three ways that you may be involved in the hatchling release:\nIf you are staying at a hotel participating in turtle conservation, they may allow guests to watch the release. We have often stayed at the Royal Uno Hotel in Cancun, so I know that turtles nest here, and the hotel protects the nest. At this resort, the security guards organize the program, so they are the best to ask about it.\nSome other hotels that participate: CasaMagna Marriott Cancun Resort, Royal Islander Hotel Cancun, Royal Sands All-Inclusive Resort Cancun, and Grand Residences in Puerto Morelos. Call or email other hotels and ask if they also participate in this program.\nYou can visit the Isla Mujeres Tortugranga (turtle farm), where, for minimal cost, you can see all stages of sea turtles and be part of a release.\nWhere Can I Swim with Adult Turtles?\nAkumal is a shallow bay full of grasses that the turtles love to eat. It is both a great turtle hang-out and an easy snorkel. I have returned about ten times to Akemal and have seen numerous turtles each time. I consider it an ideal place to visit and high on the list of My Best Adventures Yet. You can also have a great lunch, and relax on the beach between swimming straight from the shore to snorkel with the turtles.\nThe easiest way to do this is to book a snorkeling tour.\nThere is parking at the entrance to the resort and a collectivo stop (group taxi from Playa del Carmen) from which you can walk in. It gets harder and harder to get in as time goes by, and you may need a driver to pay your way through the gates. I have a list of drivers in my Yucatan post. You can dive right from the shore if you bring your own equipment. You can also visit Akemal as part of several tours which visit Tulum. Off the beach, where you see all the boats, are numerous turtles, and they are there year-round!\nOne of my favorite things I have ever done in my life is snorkeling with sea turtles in this area. If you do, please respect these magnificent creatures by watching them, not interacting with them. Wear biodegradable sunscreen or a swim shirt to keep from polluting their habitat.\nCheck out my YouTube video of swimming with the turtles at Akumal above.\nWhat a peaceful, blissful experience!\nIf you are as crazy about these majestic animals as I am, I hope that this article has inspired you to respect them, help to work to conserve them, and respectfully visit them in their natural environment. Another place you can swim with sea turtles is in Barbados! You can read about that on Ginger of the Go.\nWhat is your best experience with an animal in the wild? Please share it in the comment section.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://essidsolutions.com/product/r-bioinformatics-cookbook/", "date": "2023-09-24T03:52:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506559.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20230924023050-20230924053050-00455.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8837547898292542, "token_count": 267, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__307707920", "lang": "en", "text": "R Bioinformatics Cookbook\nHandling biological data effectively requires an in-depth knowledge of machine learning techniques and computational skills, along with an understanding of how to use tools such as edgeR and DESeq. With the R Bioinformatics Cookbook, you’ll explore all this and more, tackling common and not-so-common challenges in the bioinformatics domain using real-world examples.\nThis book will use a recipe-based approach to show you how to perform practical research and analysis in computational biology with R. You will learn how to effectively analyze your data with the latest tools in Bioconductor, ggplot, and tidyverse. The book will guide you through the essential tools in Bioconductor to help you understand and carry out protocols in RNAseq, phylogenetics, genomics, and sequence analysis. As you progress, you will get up to speed with how machine learning techniques can be used in the bioinformatics domain. You will gradually develop key computational skills such as creating reusable workflows in R Markdown and packages for code reuse.\nBy the end of this book, you’ll have gained a solid understanding of the most important and widely used techniques in bioinformatic analysis and the tools you need to work with real biological data.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://nanox.mk/en/?page_id=935", "date": "2022-08-12T11:04:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00026.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9272576570510864, "token_count": 390, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__62080522", "lang": "en", "text": "PM is an abbreviation of Particulate Matter (substance in form of particles). It is tiny particles of solid matter or liquid in gas state.\nPM particles may be :\n- Natural - the result of volcanoes, sandstorms, forest and steppe fires, etc. or\n- Created by human activity (anthropogenic) - combustion of fossil fuels in vehicles, power plants and various industrial processes.\nPM 10 particles have a size less than 10 μm (micrometers ) in diameter. MP 2.5 particles have a size less than 2.5 μm in diameter. For comparison, a grain of sand is the size of about 90 μm in diameter.\nThe measurement of the presence of PM particles in the environment is micrograms in a cubic meter. According World Health Organization, the permissible limit for PM 10 particles during a period of 24 hours is 50 micrograms/m3 while for the PM 2.5 is 25 micrograms/m3. During the winter period it is happening in certain parts of Skopje to have the presence of PM particles up to 20 times more than the permitted amount.\nWhen the air is polluted, we take in a large number of PM particles with single inhalation. The bigger particles adhere to the respiratory tract and rarely reach the lungs. They are usually eliminated by rinsing and coughing.\nThe tiny particles are much more dangerous. They reach the lungs, and those smaller than 2.5 microns go directly into the bloodstream and are thus transported throughout the body.\nAccording to medical science, breathing polluted air can cause stroke, heart disease, lung cancer and other diseases. These diseases, which are a consequence of the air pollution, significantly increase the mortality rate in Macedonia in winter time. Unofficial information (official does not exist) indicates that as a result of air pollution there are up to 1200 deaths per year in Macedonia.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://harbour.man.ac.uk/mmcustom/narratives/display.php?irn=606&QueryPage=/mmcustom/narratives/index.php", "date": "2020-06-02T02:09:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347422065.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20200602002343-20200602032343-00221.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9770994782447815, "token_count": 191, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__58604643", "lang": "en", "text": "|Where do the museum's birds come from?|\nBritish museum collections largely grew up from the early 19th century onwards, coinciding with the time of exploration. Trade with the British Empire (including America and much of Canada at that time, India, parts of Africa, Australia and New Zealand amongst others) meant that large previously unexplored (by British) areas were opened up for the first time. Specimens were sent back to Britain to be studied by experts, who worked out which species they belong to, and the distribution of different species. Many of these birds would have been shot specially, but many were picked up in markets.\nIf you have any comments, or would like to contribute your own information to this narrative, please use our feedback form.\nThe copyright in these data and images is property of The Manchester Museum, The University of Manchester. Data and images are supplied for personal and research use only.\nTerms and Conditions", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://dinosaurs2.neocities.org/newhtml5.html", "date": "2020-02-17T04:58:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875141653.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20200217030027-20200217060027-00089.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9653998613357544, "token_count": 283, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__171083999", "lang": "en", "text": "Often compared to an army tank or bus, Ankylosaurus was a heavily armored dinosaur with a large club-like protrusion at the end of its tail. Ankylosaurus means \"fused lizard\" in Greek, and it was given that name because bones in its skull and other parts of its body were fused, making the dinosaur extremely rugged. Ankylosaurus lived in the late Cretaceous Period, about 65.5 million to 66.8 million years ago, and roamed the Western United States and Alberta, Canada.While this herbivorous dinosaur was a massive animal, a re-examination of its fossils in 2004 by armored dinosaur expert Kenneth Carpenter downsized it a bit. The largest Ankylosaurus specimen ever found was 20.5 feet (6.25 meters) long, 5.6 feet (1.7 m) tall at the hips and 4.9 feet (1.5 m) wide, according to the study, published in the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. It likely weighed up to 4 tons (3.6 metric tons).\nHerbivore (plant-eater) - Ankylosaurus had to eat a huge amount of low-lying plant material to sustain itself so its gut must have been very large. It probably had a fermentation compartment to aid in the digestion of the tough plant material, producing prodigious amounts of gas!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sailingmanuelantonio.com/costa-rica.html", "date": "2024-02-29T19:34:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474852.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229170737-20240229200737-00740.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9222669005393982, "token_count": 740, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__208942049", "lang": "en", "text": "A paradise for amazing nature focused sailing tours\nCosta Rica is located in the neotropics. With a particularly high biodiversity, many endemic species, genera and families of plants and animals, and diverse ecosystems, Costa Rica is considered one of the world’s megadiverse countries. The Pacific mountain slopes , together with Colombia’s Chocó, contain the greatest biodiversity on earth. In addition, with a land area of about 51,100 square kilometers and an area of 589,000 square kilometers of territorial waters, the country belongs to the biodiversity hotspot Mesoamerica due to its great vulnerability.\nThe two coasts and the mountainous regions have a variety of different microclimates, which are one of the reasons for the abundance of different ecosystems in the country. The state’s recorded 500,000 species are four percent of the world’s accepted species. 300,000 of the 500,000 total species are insects.\nClimate protection, nature conservation and forest protection are considered an important part of the state’s environmental policy and are consistently implemented. Whereas loggers cleared about 80 % of the rainforest in the 1970s and 1980s, today more than 50 % of the country is covered by forest again. To protect the forest, the country successfully relies on ecotourism, from which both locals and environmentally conscious travelers benefit. For example, some 1.5 million tourists spend nearly $1.5 billion annually visiting the country’s rainforests and other ecological destinations. The Camino de Costa Rica hiking trail runs once across the country from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast. It was created to support ecotourism and at the same time the rural population.\nAbout 27% of Costa Rica‘s land is protected. In 2012, there were 160 protected areas such as biological reserves, national parks and nature reserves.\nThere are 26 national parks scattered throughout the country with very different characteristic features. In the 1969 Forest Conservation Act, Santa Rosa in the northwest of the country on the Pacific coast was established as the first national park. At the same time, a national park administration was created, but initially it had neither sufficient financial resources nor personnel to effectively protect the park from farmers and new settlers. Thanks to the private initiative Rainforest of the Austrians, the situation has since improved considerably.\nThe uninhabited Cocos Island (Isla del Coco), which belongs to C.R., lies 500 kilometers off the coast in the Pacific Ocean and may only be entered with special permission. Like the national parks of La Amistad and Guanacaste, it has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nIn front of Puerto Viejo (Puerto Viejo de Talamanca) is the National Park Cahuita with birds, snakes, lizards and butterflies. In the treetops you can find mantled howler monkeys. On the coastal stretch toward Manzanillo, dense forest prevails in most sections. Plants, sea and animals are protected in the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge. Moving along the route are toucans, sloths and herds of monkeys with powerful prehensile tails that feed on leaves. Also common in this part of Costa Rica are white-shouldered capuchin monkeys. The rare red-backed squirrel monkeys, on the other hand, can now only be seen in the southwestern region of Costa Rica, for example in Manuel Antonio and Corcovado National Parks. The fourth species of monkey in Costa Rica, the Geoffroy’s spider monkey, prefers dense forest areas and feeds on insects and small fruits.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://conferencepartners.com/project/hupo-2017/", "date": "2023-05-31T15:11:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646937.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20230531150014-20230531180014-00325.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9439184665679932, "token_count": 1011, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__272617423", "lang": "en", "text": "HUPO 2017 took place from 17th – 21st September in the Convention Centre Dublin, welcoming over 1,350 delegates from around the globe, including former Vice President of the United States Joe Biden. The Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) is an international scientific organization representing and promoting proteomics through international cooperation and collaborations by fostering the development of new technologies, techniques and training. HUPO was initially launched on February 9, 2001. On that date, a global advisory council was officially formed that included leading global experts in the field of proteomics from the academic, government, and commercial sectors. Over the next 12 months, the council, in consultation with industry, identified major proteomics issues and initiatives that needed to be addressed by HUPO.\nThe Objectives of HUPO 2017\n- Provide an important opportunity to consolidate and record the key achievements of proteomics to date\n- Embrace a forward-looking perspective to deliver an inflection point – a key milestone event – in the evolution of proteomics. One that will be a lasting legacy for the field.\n- Engage new constituencies with the field of proteomics to support new scientific and new business opportunities.\n- Elicit a quantum change in global engagement of the field with the public\nThe vision for HUPO2017 Congress on “Integrated Proteomics for Healthcare Systems” was to create a meeting that would bring together world leaders with a new generation of scientists to promote HUPO’s capabilities for advancing our knowledge of the Human Proteome and the impact this will have on our understanding of health, disease and ageing. The Congress celebrated past achievements and presented new disruptive advances in proteomics. This was achieved with a balanced scientific programme that took into account previous milestone developments in proteomics, the current state of the art as well as newly arising areas and opportunities.\nThis five day conference consisted of a broad and complex scientific programme including Seminars, Workshops, Debates on the latest Science and Technology developments, Sponsored Symposia, a Meet The Experts for PhD students & young researchers to further develop their careers, and an Exhibition to showcase the best of European public and private research.\nThe programme included sessions covering each of the twelve current HUPO Initiatives and the Biology/Disease driven Human Proteome Project (HPP). In recognition of the increasing role of proteomics and complementary ‘omics technologies in personalised medicine there was a special focus on the application of proteomics to disease diagnosis, therapeutic protein production (and characterisation) and drug development as well as the analysis and integration of proteomic data. The presence of world-leading major international pharmaceutical biopharmaceutical and information technology companies in Ireland provided a wonderful opportunity for cross discipline information exchange and personal networking.\nThe CCD provided a superb environment in which to present, discuss and advance proteomic research. The world class scientific programme consolidated existing knowledge while at the same time increasing awareness of leading edge and forward looking advances in the field.\nKEY PROGRAMME THEMES\n- Cellular Proteomics\n- Drug and Biopharmaceutical Proteomics\n- Systems, Bioinformatics and Omics Data Integration\n- Disease & Clinical Proteomics\n- Precision & Personalised Proteomics\n- HPP (B/D-HPP & C-HPP)\nHUPO2017 has left a lasting legacy on the city. Delegates received a positive experience of Dublin and the HUPO2017 organisers received excellent feedback from all stakeholders involved in the conference. 1351 attendees from over 61 countries witnessed 223 oral presentations and took part in an incredible total of 668 programme presentations and were able to network and chat with 35 exhibitors.\nOn top of this there were 10 innovation presentations and 18 meet the expert sessions. Attendees also had the opportunity to participate in a bio-informatics hub, an innovation stage, a quiz bowl and a treasure hunt.\nFinally, possibly one of the most exciting additions to HUPO2017 was the HUPO2017 Global Leadership Gala Dinner on Saturday 16th September. The event was catalysed in part, by the Cancer Moonshot initiative. The organizers were delighted that the 47th Vice President of the United States of America Joseph R. Biden Jr. delivered a keynote address at the dinner on the theme of “International Cooperation in the Fight Against Cancer.” The evening dinner event was held in the Royal College of Physicians in Dublin and brought together the world’s leading proteomic and proteogenomic researchers including those working on cancer research in the company of government, academia and industry leaders. The event focused on both raising awareness of HUPO and its activities, and advances in proteomics and their impact on human health, as well as the ICPC which currently comprises 11 countries and seeks to encourage more institutions to join this global partnership.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://caloriescalculate.com/calories/", "date": "2021-04-11T09:49:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038061820.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20210411085610-20210411115610-00445.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.934566080570221, "token_count": 1709, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__48055799", "lang": "en", "text": "Calories is a unit of measuring thermal energy defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree centigrade. (Between 5 and 14 ° C and 5 and 15 ° C) under regular atmospheric pressure (1 atmospheric pressure or an equivalent of 101.325 kPa). It is a unit to measure the thermal energy needed and created by the body in order to carry out its work normally, by burning food. A person needs the energy to carry out his basic functions of life, and this energy is primarily from food and oxygen that we breathe. The food differs in the amount of energy it produces on what it contains from the three basic elements in the food, namely: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats\n- Calculate the daily intake of calories\n- Calculating burned calories\n- Calculate the ideal body weight\n- BMI Calculator\nThe word “calorie” means in English (1 cal) and this is not completely correct because that calorie is what is sometimes called a “small calorie”; In the field of nutrition when talking about calorie, we usually mean “big calories”; It is in English (1 kcal) 1 kcal; That’s 1,000 small calorie.\nIn the field of nutrition, where the list of contents is written on the canned or bag (let it be a bag of rice, sugar or lentils), both formulas are sometimes used, and in most cases it means a large price (1 kcal).\nSources of calories\nThese sources produce thermal energy in varying proportions:\nCarbohydrates: produce 400 calories (100 grams) per 100 grams. In English, one kilogram of calories is one thousand calorie.\nFat: produces about 900 calories per 100 grams; That is 900 kilocalorie per 100 grams.\nProteins: produce 400 (large) calorie per 100 grams; That is, 400 kcal / 100 g protein.\nThat is why it is necessary to distinguish between the price and the large price which is 1000 calories (small).\nCalories are found in vegetables and fruits in small amounts relative to carbohydrates; While we find in carbohydrates 400 large calorie / 100 grams, they are for vegetables between 20 – 40 large calories / 100 grams. Eating salad from fresh vegetables before eating, for example, helps reduce carbohydrate, fat and meat intake, so people feel full and have eaten adequate quantities of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vegetables, so they do not lead to weight gain that we do not want.\nFor eating vegetables and fruits, nutritionists advise that they contain all colors as possible: such as yellow or red carrots, red tomatoes, red bell peppers, yellow bell peppers, green radishes, green cucumbers. Fruits: strawberries, red apples, yellow apricots, yellow guava, blueberries, red grapes and their equivalents, bearing in mind that a week does not pass without eating three or four types of this assortment. The body’s organs perform their functions and improve their immunity against epidemics and diseases. The purpose of persevering in eating those healthy foods rich in vitamins and minerals (calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, iodine, etc.) is for the body to obtain its needs and not lack any element, so that it remains healthy and healthy.\nThe body needs a specific amount of calories daily, and it increases according to the person’s activity, the size of his body, and age. Children and young adults in the process of developing need large amounts of calories. There must be a balance between the calories we take from food and the calories we burn so that our weight does not increase because the body stores the extra calories it needs in the form of fats to use later if it is forced to do so in the event of a decrease in calories taken by eating. If we eat too much, the amount of fats increases. If we reduce food, the body uses fat to produce energy and burn it, so our fat decreases.\nThe body consumes calories from food in all its vital activities such as breathing and digestion and the work of all devices such as the heart, kidneys, liver, as well as thinking.\nThe body also consumes calories during its physical activity, such as walking, running, climbing the ladder, carrying weight, and sports.\nDefinition of calories\nThe energy needed to increase the temperature of a given block of water by 1 ° C depends on the temperature. Therefore, in the table below we find different (but close) values that were measured at different temperatures. Such as at 0 ° C, at 15 ° C, or at 20 ° C. The most common definition, and in particular the price used for food, is the measured price at 15 ° C.\nThe calorie conversion factor for joules is:\n1 calorie (small) = 18 and 4 joules.\nThere are two calories names:\nSmall calorie, which is the calorie per gram of water, and symbolized by cal. It is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 ° C, which is approximately 2 and 4 joules.\nThe large calorie, or calorie per kilogram of water, which is known as the calorie of food, symbolized by the symbol Cal or kcal.\nThis is the amount of heat needed to raise 1 kg of water by 1 ° C. It is thus 1000 times more than the small calorie, and accordingly the amount of the large calorie is 2 and 4 kilojoules\nCalories and energy balance\nEnergy balance We mean by here is the amount of energy entering the body in the form of calories from different foods, and the amount of energy that comes out of it “consumed” through various daily and vital activities.\nAnd this balance is the secret of losing or increasing weight if we know how to control it in order to reverse the equation in favor of what we want to achieve. It is as follows:\n1_ If the equation is as follows: the energy entering the body = the energy consumed or leaving the body, then this means maintaining a constant weight.\n2_ The following equation: The energy entering the body> of the energy consumed, then this means extra calorie in the body, which may mean converting and storing it in the form of fats in the body, and thus increasing the weight if this system is adopted as a way of life.\n3_ If the equation is as follows: the energy entering the body <of the energy consumed, here we get the results of weight loss and loss of accumulated fat in the body, and this is what most certainly hope for!\nCalories in different foods\nKnowing the caloric intake in foods eaten daily is very important for maintaining a healthy weight and making sure that we do not start more than necessary.\nIt is possible to determine the amount of calorie in packed and processed foods via the food label, which shows the amount of energy under the name “calories”, and by using a unit of calorimetry or calories.\nTo find out more about the food label and how to read it, just enter the following article: Food labels are a way for us to feed healthy.\nAs for the calorie contained in different foodstuffs, this is specified in the menus and their alternatives according to the food rations of the different groups. For example: a grain of medium-sized fruits such as a small apple, which is equal to one food ration of fruit rations, it provides us with approximately 60 calories, while A portion of starches such as bread, which is equal to 30 grams, provides us with approximately 80 calories and so on.\nTo find out more about the food rations and their quantities, here is the guide for determining the amount of rations: The guide for determining the amount of food and rations.\nThe amount of calories a person consumes by performing a specific physical activity varies depending on a group of factors, including size, age, intensity and type of activity. The more you perform the activity with more power and effort, the more calories you burn.\nFor example, brisk walking consumes more calorie than walking at a moderate pace. We should not forget to mention that the human body consumes more calories to carry out the necessary metabolism, and its various vital functions are respiration, digestion, brain functions, and others.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://rousselotusonline.com/art/2021/12/31/art_31256_806460.html", "date": "2022-01-23T19:18:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320304309.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220123172206-20220123202206-00306.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9231541156768799, "token_count": 952, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__25016465", "lang": "en", "text": "Yuxing Peng Zizhong Li Tao Sun Feixia Zhang Qi Wu Mengya Du Tingting Sheng\nThe long-term effects of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation on soil water use and economic returns have not been evaluated and optimized in the corn belt of northeast China (CBNC). Crop modeling based on long-term weather data and short-term field data helps evaluate agricultural practices’ long-term effect. The Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) was calibrated and validated based on the data sets on soil water storage (SWS), aboveground biomass (biomass), and yield under continuous corn (CC), five years of alfalfa (5A), and three years of alfalfa followed by two years of corn (3A2C) cropping systems from 2014 to 2018 at Quanyangou-Lishu in Jilin province, China. The APSIM could simulate well SWS, evapotranspiration (ET), and annual biomass of alfalfa (5A) with normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 9.6%, 5.0% and 13.2%, respectively. This model was also confirmed to simulate well the SWS, ET, yield, and biomass of corn (CC) with the NRMSE of 9.6%, 3.4%, 6.5% and 9.8%, respectively and that of alfalfa-corn rotation (3A2C) with the NRMSE of 8.4%, 4.5%, 8.7% and 12.2%, respectively. The validated APSIM was used to optimize the alfalfa-corn rotation systems by simulating water use and economic returns under five scenarios, including CC, 3A2C, four years of alfalfa followed by two years of corn (4A2C), five years of alfalfa followed by two years of corn (5A2C) and five years of alfalfa followed by five years of alfalfa (5A5A) based on the weather data from 1984 to 2018 (35 years) at Quanyangou-Lishu (black soil with losing mollic epipedon, relatively warm and moist climate, in Jilin province, the center of CBNC), Fujia-Lishu (aeolian sandy soil, relatively warm and moist climate, in Jilin province), Chaoyang (cinnamon soil, warm and dry climate, in Liaoning province, the south of CBNC) and Hailun (black soil with moderately thick mollic epipedon, cold and wet climate, in Heilongjiang province, the north of CBNC). Dry soil layers were only found in 250–400 cm soil layer in 18-yr 5A5A or 20-yr 5A2C treatment at Chaoyang and in 350–450 cm soil layer in 20-yr 5A5A or 26-yr 5A2C treatment at Quanyangou-Lishu. At four sites, the highest and lowest mean annual biomass water use efficiency (WUEB) could be found in CC (30.91–38.93 kg ha−1 mm−1) and in 5A5A (20.53–26.31 kg ha−1 mm−1), respectively. The alfalfa-corn rotation treatments had similar WUEB ranged from 22.91 to 30.17 kg ha−1 mm−1. The NR of alfalfa-corn rotation treatments at four sites were 38–169% higher than that of CC and 6–35% lower than that of 5A5A. Alfalfa-corn rotation treatments improved the stability of NR at Fujia-Lishu and Chaoyang by the CV of 40–75% and 65–95%, compared to that of CC treatment by the CV of 79% and 101%, respectively. Among alfalfa-corn rotation treatments, the 5A2C had higher and more stable NR than 4A2C and 3A2C. Therefore, we suggested 5A2C at Fujia-Lishu and Hailun and 4A2C at Quanyangou-Lishu and Chaoyang to achieve dry soil layer’s prevention, relatively high WUEB and high and stable NR.\nAPSIM; Alfalfa-corn rotation; Water use; Economic returns; Corn belt of northeast China", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.slrctsurgery.com/Thoracic20aortic20aneurysms.htm", "date": "2019-04-23T18:23:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578610036.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20190423174820-20190423200820-00518.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9238918423652649, "token_count": 2447, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__48231142", "lang": "en", "text": "An aortic aneurysm is an enlargement of a weakened area of the aorta. Aneurysms which involve the ascending aorta, aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta are termed \"thoracic aortic aneurysms.\" Aneurysms in these regions are prone to rupture once they reach a certain size (see below). Fifty percent of patients who experience a rupture of a thoracic aortic aneurysm die before reaching the hospital. Furthermore, surgical repair of a ruptured thoracic aneurysm carries a 25-50% mortality as opposed to a 5-8% mortality when such aneurysms are treated electively.\nAscending Aortic Aneurysm Descending Thoracic Aneurysm\nAbdominal Aortic Aneurysm Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm\nAneurysms are also prone to dissection, or a tearing of the wall of the aorta. When this occurs in the ascending aorta or aortic arch it represents a life threatening emergency which is typically treated with emergency surgery. When a dissection involves the descending thoracic or abdominal aorta, treatment rarely includes surgery. Control of the blood pressure and adequate pain control typically results in healing of the injury. However, dissections of the descending and abdominal aorta do weaken the wall of the aorta and are prone to aneurysmal formation. Close follow-up with an aneurysm specialist is recommended.\nMost thoracic aneurysms are asymptomatic and are typically detected when imaging studies (chest x-rays, CT scans, MRI, etc) are being obtained for unrelated reasons. When aortic aneurysms reach larger sizes the symptoms are typically based on the location of the aneurysm.\nAscending aortic aneurysms frequently cause dilatation and leakage of the aortic valve. This can result in shortness of breath or even heart failure should the leakage be severe. Ascending aortic aneurysms can also result in a dull pain underneath the breastbone or radiating to the upper back.\nAortic arch aneurysms can also produce upper chest and back pain. However, when large, these aneurysms can compress both the esophagus and the airway resulting in difficulty swallowing and hoarseness.\nDescending thoracic aneurysms are mostly asymptomatic, but can occasionally cause back pain. In contrast, abdominal and thoracoabdominal aneurysms may cause a pulsating feeling in the upper abdomen. Abdominal and back pain may also be present if the aneurysm increases in size.\nWhereas, most of the symptoms of stable thoracic aneurysms are vague and non-specific, rupture or dissection of these aneurysms produces dramatic symptoms. A ripping sensation within the chest accompanied by severe pain in the back between the shoulder blades is the most typical complaint during thoracic aortic dissection or rupture. Dizziness, difficulty walking and speaking can all accompany this acute event. Patients with known aortic aneurysms experiencing such symptoms need to contact their physician or surgeon immediately and go to the nearest emergency room.\nIdiopathic cystic medial degeneration\nThe most common cause of ascending aortic aneurysms is a condition known as idiopathic cystic medial degeneration. The elastic fibers which make up the outer wall of the aorta normally break down as we age, making the aorta more prone to dilation. In some patients this process is accelerated resulting in early aneurysm formation. We presently do not know the exact mechanisms involved in this process (hence the term idiopathic). Cystic medial degeneration can also be the cause of aortic arch and descending thoracic aneurysms. It rarely is the cause of thoracoabdominal or abdominal aortic aneurysms.\nAtherosclerosis is the term used to describe hardening of the arteries. Smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol are the primary causes of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis typically results in blockages of arteries that deliver blood to the heart (coronary arteries), the legs (femoral arteries), or the brain (carotid arteries). The damage caused to the aortic wall by atherosclerosis can result in aneurysm formation.\nMarfan syndrome is a genetic condition which is transmitted from parent to child that affects the connective tissues throughout the body. The defect is in the gene that makes fibrillin, a major elastic fiber protein found in the wall of the aorta. Nearly all patients with Marfan syndrome develop aneurysms of the ascending aorta and subsequent leakage of the aortic valve. These aneurysms are prone to rupture at smaller sizes when compared to aneurysms of other etiologies. The risk of aortic dissection is likewise significantly increased in Marfan syndrome. Patients with Marfan syndrome may also develop leakage of the mitral valve. Connective tissue abnormalities throughout the rest of the body can result in slender, tapering fingers, long arms and legs, curvature of the spine and eye problems.\nCertain families without specific genetic disorders may exhibit a strong history of aortic aneurysm formation. If a sibling or parent has been diagnosed with an aortic aneurysm, there may be an increased risk of aortic aneurysm formation in the patient.\nAneurysms Associated with Aortic Dissection\nAn aortic dissection results when the inner layer of the aorta separates from the middle layer of the aorta (see above). When this occurs within the ascending aorta it is frequently fatal unless emergency surgery is performed. However, in the descending aorta, an aortic dissection can typically be treated with medications. Nonetheless, the dissection weakens the aortic wall and the aorta is then prone to aneurysm formation. Chronic dissections need to be managed like all other aneurysms and surgery is indicated once a certain size is reached.\nAneurysms Associated with Bicuspid Aortic Valve\nA bicuspid aortic valve is one which contains 2 leaflets instead of the usual three. Such valves are prone to both leakage and stenosis. A bicuspid aortic valve is composed of abnormal connective tissue. This same abnormal tissue also composes the ascending aorta making it susceptible to aneurysm formation. Patients with bicuspid aortic valves frequently have aneurysms of the ascending aorta and surgery on the aortic valve should involve replacement of the aorta should there be any aortic dilation.\nInfection of the aortic wall (bacterial, syphilis, etc.) can rarely result in an aneurysm known as a \"mycotic aneurysm.\" Inflammatory aortic aneurysms are a special type of aneurysm associated with a vigorous fibrotic and inflammatory response and require special surgical interventions. Takayasu's arteritis is an autoimmune inflammatory response which is typically found in Japanese patients and results in aneurysms of the ascending aorta and aortic arch.\nSuggestions of a thoracic aneurysm can frequently be inferred from routine chest X-rays. However, thoracic aneurysms are most reliably diagnosed with a CT scan or MRI. Frequently, the diagnosis is made when one of these imaging studies is performed for symptoms unrelated to the aneurysm. Echocardiography is important for the evaluation of the aortic valve and also can be used to evaluate the size of the ascending aorta.\nOnce an aneurysm is diagnosed, strict control of the blood pressure and avoidance of smoking are two interventions which may prevent growth. At present there are no medications which can either shrink the aneurysm or prevent its growth.\nOnce a thoracic aneurysm is diagnosed, routine, scheduled follow-up is necessary by an aortic specialist. Aneurysm size needs to be followed closely and surgery is warranted if there is rapid growth over a short period of time or if a critical size is reached. Follow-up typically includes CT scans or MRI's every 6-12 months.\nThe ascending aorta grows at a rate of 0.10 cm per year and the descending aorta at a rate of 0.20 cm per year. Should an aneurysm increase in size by 0.4cm in any one year then surgery should be performed.\nDecisions regarding surgery can be made if the risk of death, dissection or rupture is known for any particular aneurysm size. This risk can then be compared to the risk of surgery. At St. Luke's-Roosevelt Aneurysm Center the operative mortality of ascending aortic aneurysm surgery is 2.3%. The mortality for aortic arch surgery increases to 5-8% and the mortality for descending thoracic aneurysm surgery is 5.5%. Below is listed the yearly risk of complications based on aortic aneurysm size.\nGiven these statistics it is recommended that asymptomatic ascending aortic aneurysms be resected at a size of 5.0-5.5 cm. If severe aortic insufficiency is present in the setting of a bicuspid valve, the ascending aorta should be resected when it is 4.5 cm in diameter. Descending thoracic and aortic arch aneurysms typically are resected when they exceed 6.0 cm in diameter. A patient with Marfan's syndrome typically warrants earlier intervention. Symptomatic aneurysms should be resected regardless of size.\nSurgery to repair an ascending aortic or arch aneurysm involves removing the aneurysmal portion of the aorta and replacing it with an artificial Dacron tube. If the aortic valve is damaged it also need to be replaced or repaired. Replacement options include mechanical and tissue valves (see valve surgery link).\nThis type of surgery traditionally has been performed by dividing the breastbone. At the St. Luke's-Roosevelt Aneurysm Center, minimally invasive surgical techniques are now routinely being applied to ascending and arch aneurysm resection. Instead of dividing the breastbone, the upper part of the sternum is only partially divided. This allows for less blood loss and quicker recovery.\nDescending Thoracic Aneurysms\nThe traditional approach to descending thoracic aneurysms is through an incision made in the side and between the ribs. The diseased portion of the aorta is removed and replaced with a Dacron graft. However, techniques of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair are now applicable to some descending thoracic aneurysms. In this procedure two small incisions are made in both groins and a graft is placed inside the aneurysm in order to exclude it from the circulation. These devices are presently only available in the\nBelow is the angiogram of a complicated patient treated with endovascular surgery for a descending thoracic aneurysm.\n|For a referral to the St. Luke's- Roosevelt Aneurysm Center call 212-523-2717.|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.planeturine.com/why-vinegar-is-not-the-most-effective-way-to-remove-pet-stains/", "date": "2023-10-02T18:59:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511002.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002164819-20231002194819-00775.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9657422304153442, "token_count": 276, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__123537317", "lang": "en", "text": "Pets are adorable and become members of the family. At the same time, however, they need special attention. Pet stains are one of the unpleasant problems that pet owners must deal with and they know very well how difficult it is to remove them completely.\nVinegar is a very popular ingredient in homemade solutions that people use to clean pet stains. But is it really good?\nVinegar has multiple beneficial uses when it comes to pets. It improves the digestion of dogs and cats, by lowering the pH and stimulating good bacterial cultures, keeps insects away from the animal’s fur and can be used to clean the pet’s ears, as it rebalances the skin’s pH and kills mycoses.\nBut when it comes to using it to clean pet stains, caution is recommended. It is true that the acetic acid lowers and may even neutralize the ammonia from the animal urine, also breaking down bacteria that can exist in pet waste. However, considering that it is acidic in nature, vinegar also holds many of the same properties as pet urine. Besides, its scent can actually draw the animals back to the same place again, which is something you want to avoid.\nSo if you want to remove cat urine from carpet, you should replace vinegar with an enzymatic solution from Planet Urine for cleaning pet stains.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://celluloseether.com/hydroxypropyl-methyl-cellulose-in-eye-drops/", "date": "2024-03-01T10:49:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475238.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301093751-20240301123751-00067.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9102886915206909, "token_count": 347, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__67503529", "lang": "en", "text": "Application of Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose in Eye Drops\nHydroxyPropyl Methyl Cellulose solution with the maximum viscosity and clarity is very important for its application in eye drops.\nEye-drop preparations generally use many excipients, such as adjusting the pH value within the range of 5.0 to 9.0, adjusting the osmotic pressure in the isotonic range and adding antimicrobial agents to prevent microbial contamination. Some drugs even need to add solubilizers and stabilizers.\nThe pH value of 1% HydroxyPropyl Methyl Cellulose solution is 4-8 and the viscosity is stable in the pH range of 3.0 -11.0. In addition, it has optimum compatibility with the electrolyte, so suitable for use in the eye drops as thickening agents. The use at a concentration of 0.45% to 1.0% can extend the contact time with the eye, increase drug absorption, and improve bioavailability.\nHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose often acts as the suspending agent in suspension eye drops. It can increase the viscosity of the solvent, reduce the density difference between particles and the dispersion medium, and increase the hydrophilicity of particles. By the effect of gravity, suspended particles will naturally settle on standing, and the sedimentation rate is in accordance with Stokes law. The sedimentation rate is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the dispersion medium, but proportional to reducing the density difference between particles and the dispersion medium. In addition, HydroxyPropyl Methyl Cellulose can act as the gel matrix in gel-type eye ointments.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.shallow-waters.co.uk/", "date": "2014-10-25T16:43:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-42/segments/1414119648706.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20141024030048-00207-ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9076131582260132, "token_count": 172, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-42", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-42__0__6641858", "lang": "en", "text": "Shallow Waters is a marine conservation social enterprise working toward a community led coral reef management programme on the beautiful Koh Sdach island located off Cambodia’s south west coast.\nWe offer marine conservation programmes and research internships to international volunteers and students in order to fund and execute our project in the long term. We are working alongside resident fisherman, academics from the Royal University of Phnom Penh, local and international NGO’s, and the Cambodian Fisheries Administration, to develop a marine resource management programme for the Koh Sdach archipelago.\nOur research is being funded in part by The Rufford Small Grant Foundation, a charity that provide start-up grants for nature conservation projects in developing countries. Shallow Waters is supported by Anglia Ruskin University and is alumni of the Accelerate programme at the Cambridge Judge Business School.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.chermsidefamilydental.com.au/dental-erosion-tooth-wear/", "date": "2020-07-16T17:13:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657172545.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20200716153247-20200716183247-00530.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9294178485870361, "token_count": 1000, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__158469591", "lang": "en", "text": "Have you been told by your dentist that your teeth are at risk of erosion or that you’ve been grinding your teeth? Below may be useful information about the various causes of tooth wear.\nWhat is tooth wear?\n- Tooth wear is the irreversible loss of tooth structure. The resulting structural loss is unsightly, impairs the function of teeth and is often painful. The damage can also be difficult and costly to repair.\n- There are three types of tooth wear: abrasion, attrition and dental erosion. These can sometimes occur in combination and can be difficult to determine the sole type of wear.\n- Abrasion: physical wear of the teeth caused by something other than tooth to tooth contact, e.g. overzealous tooth brushing, repeated use of a toothpick, or a habit of holding/using something between the teeth (nail biting, holding hair pins or sewing pins)\n- Attrition: loss of tooth structure due to tooth to tooth contact, such as tooth grinding.\n- Abfraction: loss of tooth structure due to overloaded force on the teeth, from grinding and clenching.\n- Dental erosion: dissolving of tooth structure due to the repeated presence of acids in the mouth.\nWhat does dental erosion look like? The first signs of dental erosion include:\n- Teeth appearing yellow: due to darker coloured tooth structure showing through the thinning enamel.\n- Teeth appearing glazed and smooth – due to the tooth surface being worn away.\n- Teeth appearing to be shorter.\n- Fillings sitting higher than the surrounding tooth surface.\n- Chewing surfaces of the teeth showing smooth, concave craters.\n- Sensitive teeth.\nWhat causes dental erosion?\n- The cause of dental erosion is acid attack.\n- Many drinks including soft drinks, energy drinks, sports drinks, alcohol and fruit juices contain acids. Most of these drinks also have a high sugar content which contributes to tooth decay.\n- A diet high in acidic food and drinks can cause tooth wear. The lower the pH of a product, the more acidic it is. Any food or drink with a pH lower than 5.0 may cause tooth wear and tooth sensitivity.\nThe pH of some common foods and drinks\nMilk pH 6.9\nFlavoured milk pH 6.7\nTap water pH 6.0\nCheddar cheese pH 5.9\nCoffee pH 5.0\nBeer pH 4.5\nOrange juice pH 3.5\nApple juice pH 3.4\nGrapefruit pH 3.3\nPickles pH 3.2\nSports energy drinks pH 3.0\nCommon soft drinks and carbonated water pH 2.5-2.7\nRed wine pH 2.5\nLemon juice pH 2.2\nVinegar pH 2.0\nOther factors that contribute to tooth erosion:\n- A dry mouth – which increases the risk of damage from an acid attack\n- Stomach acid coming in contact with the teeth due to chronic regurgitation, reflux or vomiting (e.g. bulimia, morning sickness, peptic ulcer)\nWhat should I do to minimise the risk of dental erosion?\n- Eat a well-balanced diet, and reduce the amount of acidic and sugary foods and drinks. Try to limit snacking.\n- Eat foods that act as a buffer by neutralising saliva pH more quickly (e.g. dairy products contain a protein called casein which protects teeth from acid).\n- Avoid holding or ‘swishing’ acidic drinks around the mouth as this minimises exposure of the drink to the teeth.\n- Chew sugar free gum to stimulate saliva flow and wash acids away.\n- Drink plenty of water frequently throughout the day, especially if exercising. Fluoridated water is ideal.\n- Avoid caffeinated beverages, as caffeine causes dehydration.\n- Do not brush immediately after eating or drinking acidic or sugary foods or drinks, as the tooth enamel will be softened and could be ‘brushed off’.\nWhat should I do to minimise the risk of the other causes of dental wear?\n- To reduce your risk of abrasion, abfraction and attrition ensure that you are brushing your teeth gently twice a day with a soft toothbrush, and flossing daily.\n- Tooth clenching and grinding are common and are associated with stress, nicotine, caffeine, health conditions particularly snoring and sleep apnoea, and stimulatory-drugs particularly narcotics.\n- Stress-management and relaxation can be beneficial, and you may benefit from a protective guard for the teeth made by your dentist, to be worn at night\nIf you think your teeth are affected by any of the above concerns, please give us a call for a consult with one of our dentists.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://stealthywoman.com/", "date": "2019-10-15T10:55:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986658566.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20191015104838-20191015132338-00048.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9405025839805603, "token_count": 204, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__176787697", "lang": "en", "text": "The first Smart Fem-Tech HealthWear designed for modern living\nJoin us on our mission to promote long term wellness by creating unique healthwear femtech products designed by and for real women.\nStay tuned to learn about our first healthwear product tackling the global silent epidemic of Vitamin D deficiency, one billion people are diagnosed globally with a higher prevalence in women.\nVitamin D deficiency causes health problems including: infertility; preeclampsia; low birth weights; rickets in children; osteoporosis. The deficiency has also been attributed to cardiovascular disease, multiple sclerosis and cancers.\nVitamin D is the only vitamin that can be naturally made by the human body via safe adequate sunlight exposure on skin.\nOur vision is to prevent vitamin D deficiency, by creating a digital solution that encourages women to gain safe sun exposure, building a wellness community which empowers women to take back control of their natural vitamin D production, thus improving their health and wellbeing, and reducing the effects of Vitamin D related disease.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.fatburners.co.uk/prime-male-review-is-this-the-ultimate-testosterone-booster/", "date": "2024-02-27T12:33:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474676.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227121318-20240227151318-00080.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9216288924217224, "token_count": 1064, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__74596555", "lang": "en", "text": "At some point in a man’s life, he may start to feel a decline in his energy levels, sex drive, and overall vitality.\nThis can be due to a decrease in testosterone levels. This hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining masculine health.\nFortunately, there are ways to increase testosterone levels, and one of them is using testosterone boosters such as Prime Male.\nIn this review, we will delve into the details of Prime Male, a popular testosterone booster in the market.\nWe will discuss its ingredients, benefits, and potential side effects to help you determine whether Prime Male is the right supplement.\nWhat is Prime Male?\nPrime Male is a testosterone booster designed for men who are experiencing the symptoms of low testosterone levels.\nIt is made by Propura Ltd, a company that specializes in producing natural supplements to improve health and well-being.\nPrime Male claims to increase testosterone levels, boost energy, and enhance libido.\nIt also promotes muscle growth, reduces body fat, and improves cognitive function.\nPrime Male contains a blend of natural ingredients known to boost testosterone levels. Let’s take a closer look at each element and its potential benefits.\nD-Aspartic Acid: D-Aspartic Acid is an amino acid that helps regulate testosterone synthesis in the body. According to a study, it can increase testosterone levels by up to 42% in just 12 days.\nBioPerine: BioPerine is a black pepper extract that enhances the absorption of other ingredients in the supplement. This can increase the effectiveness of Prime Male.\nBoron: Boron is a mineral essential for bone health and muscle growth. It can also increase free testosterone levels in the body.\nKorean Red Ginseng: Korean Red Ginseng is an adaptogenic herb that can improve energy levels, reduce stress, and enhance cognitive function.\nLuteolin: Luteolin is a flavonoid that can reduce estrogen levels. This can increase testosterone levels by preventing the conversion of testosterone to estrogen.\nMagnesium: Magnesium is a mineral that is essential for muscle and nerve function. It can also increase free testosterone levels in the body.\nMucuna Pruriens: Mucuna pruriens is a plant containing L-DOPA, a dopamine precursor. It can improve mood, reduce stress, and enhance libido.\nNettle Root: Nettle Root is a plant that can bind to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). This protein binds to testosterone and reduces its availability in the body. By reducing SHBG levels, nettle roots can increase free testosterone levels.\nVitamin B6 – Vitamin B6 is a vitamin that is essential for energy metabolism. It can also increase testosterone levels by stimulating the androgen receptors in the body.\nVitamin D3 – Vitamin D3 is a vitamin that is essential for bone health and immune function. According to a study, it can also increase testosterone levels by up to 25%.\nZinc: Zinc is a mineral that is essential for immune function and protein synthesis. It can also increase testosterone levels by inhibiting the conversion of testosterone to estrogen.\nPrime Male claims to offer the following benefits:\n- Increase testosterone levels\n- Boost energy and stamina\n- Enhance libido and sexual performance\n- Promote muscle growth and reduce body fat\n- Improve cognitive function and mood\n- Reduce the risk of age-related diseases such as osteoporosis and heart disease\nPotential Side Effects\nWhile Prime Male is made from natural ingredients, it may still cause side effects in some people. Some potential side effects include:\n- Upset stomach\nIt is important to note that these side effects are rare and typically mild.\nHowever, you may experience any severe or persistent side effects.\nIn that case, it is recommended that you stop taking the supplement and consult a healthcare professional.\nHow to Take Prime Male\nThe recommended dosage of Prime Male is four capsules per day, preferably with a meal.\nHowever, it would help if you also cycled the supplement, taking it for four weeks and then taking a two-week break before starting again.\nThis is to prevent your body from becoming resistant to the supplement.\nIt is essential to follow the dosage instructions carefully and not exceed the recommended dosage.\nExceeding the recommended dosage may increase the risk of side effects.\nOverall, Prime Male is a good testosterone booster with a blend of natural ingredients known to increase testosterone levels.\nIt offers a range of benefits, including increased energy and stamina, enhanced libido, and improved cognitive function.\nWhile some potential side effects may be associated with the supplement, these are rare and typically mild.\nHowever, as with any supplement, it is recommended that you consult a healthcare professional before taking Prime Male, particularly if you have any underlying medical conditions.\nSuppose you are looking for a natural and effective way to increase your testosterone levels and improve your overall health and well-being.\nIn that case, Prime Male may be worth considering. With its potent blend of natural ingredients, it is the boost that you need.\nFor those looking to boost their testosterone levels, we reviewed a selection of testosterone boosters, including:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.blacktokyo.com/2009/02/18/syphilis-cases-up-in-japan/", "date": "2019-07-16T22:36:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195524972.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20190716221441-20190717003111-00006.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9593948721885681, "token_count": 384, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__211849916", "lang": "en", "text": "There has been a surge in the number of syphilis cases in recent years, according to the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, including the number of congenital syphilis sufferers.\nThe incidence of syphilis dropped after World War II, thanks to advances in antibiotics. However, that trend started to reverse itself from 2003, rising from 509 cases to 600 in 2006, 737 in 2007 and 823 in 2008; nearly 100 additional cases per year. Groups with the highest increases were men aged 35-39, and women aged 20-24. In the latter group, the number of cases tripled between 2003 and 2007. The number of cases of congenital syphilis, in which the disease is passed from mother to unborn child, stood at 10 in 2006, and 7 by the end of July 2008. There have also been cases of the father infecting the mother during pregnancy. Congenital syphilis has a 40 percent mortality rate during pregnancy and the first week, and director of the institute’s Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, Yuki Tada, said: “Pregnant women have to be tested during their checkups, and if diagnosed the disease must be treated properly.” Syphilis is caused by a bacterium called Treponema pallidum, and usually spread through sexual intercourse. “The cause is probably the trend for more sexual partners. Sales of condoms are down, and the increase in syphilis infection would seem to correlate with this,” said Koji Saida, of the Saida Maternity Clinic in Osaka.\nSyphilis, caused by the bacteria treponema pallidum, is transmitted mainly through sexual intercourse and can be treated with antibiotics.\nAfter an incubation period of two to five weeks, a lump may form in the genitalia. Going untreated for 10 to 25 years can lead to brain and heart disease.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://web.structplantbio.org/research-interests/", "date": "2019-05-22T13:29:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232256812.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20190522123236-20190522145236-00476.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9047358632087708, "token_count": 2809, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__1737022", "lang": "en", "text": "Plant membrane signal transduction\nCells are surrounded by a lipid bilayer, the plasma-membrane. Embedded in this membrane are receptor proteins that serve as the cell’s eyes and ears, helping a cell to communicate with the outside world and with other cells. All receptor proteins have to accomplish three basic tasks in the communication process; the specific recognition of an outside signal , the transport of the signal across the membrane, and the initiation of a response to that signal in the cell’s interior. These steps are collectively known as trans-membrane signaling.\nDifferent cells use different receptor proteins to mediate trans-membrane signaling. The key players in bacteria are sensor histidine kinases (see below). Major membrane signaling receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine or serine/threonine kinases. These receptor families have been systematically studied both in cells and in isolation. Much less is known however about trans-membrane signaling in plants. While plants and animals are both highly evolved multicellular organisms and share many biosynthetic and signaling pathways, membrane signaling in plants is remarkably distinct from the animal world.\nPlants do neither contain G-protein coupled receptors nor canonical tyrosine receptor kinases, but instead rely on sensor histidine kinases (which they probably adopted from bacteria) and on a family of plant-unique receptor kinases (they are commonly referred to as receptor-like kinases, but we know now that many family members are indeed both kinases AND receptors).\nLeucine-rich repeat receptor kinases\nSeveral hundred of these receptor kinases exist in the small genome of the model plant Arabidopsis, and the majority of them shares a common architecture: a N-terminal extracellular ligand binding domain composed of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), a single membrane spanning helix, and a cytoplasmic kinase domain. LRR receptor kinases have diverse functions in plants, and for example regulate plant growth, development and the interaction with the environment. Their corresponding ligands range from small molecules to peptides and entire proteins. Forward genetic screens in Arabidopsis have identified cellular functions for a few dozen of these receptors, and receptor-ligand pairs have been described in a handful of cases. However, we do not understand how these receptors bind their ligands, or how they transduce the signal across the membrane to activate their cytoplasmic kinase domains.\nThe architecture of plant LRR receptor kinases is reminiscent of animal Toll-like innate immunity receptors (TLRs). In TLR signaling, ligands glue the horseshoe-shaped domains of two neighboring receptors together to initiate the cellular response; a process called ligand-induced homodimersation (Figure 1). It was thus reasonable to assume that the extracellular ligand binding domain of plant LRR receptor kinases would also form a TLR-like horseshoe structure that binds its ligand along a dimer interface (Figure 1). Surprisingly, this assumption turned out to be incorrect (see below).\nSteroid hormone sensing by the plant receptor kinase BRI1\nSteroid hormones are regulators of body shape and size in higher organisms. Animal steroid receptors reside in the nucleus ( nuclear hormone receptors ), but in plants the membrane LRR receptor kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) acts as a direct receptor for brassinosteroids . To understand how BRI1 can recognize its steroid ligand at the plasma membrane, we determined the crystal structure of the entire extracellular ligand binding domain of BRI1 (a 120 kDa glycoprotein) in the pre- and absence of brassinolide, the most potent brassinosteroid in Arabidopsis.\nInstead of having the expected horseshoe structure, the leucine-rich repeats in BRI1 form a beautiful superhelix composed of 25 LRRs, completing slightly more than one full turn (Figure 2). The sequence pattern that causes BRI1 to twist into a superhelix is also found in other plant receptor kinases, suggesting that these receptors may also contain twisted or superhelical ligand binding domains.\nIn contrast to previously described LRR proteins, BRI1 is able to recognize a small hydrophobic ligand. A unique adaptation to this challenge is the insertion of a small folded island domain into the regular repeat structure (Figure 3).\nThis island domain is largely disordered in the unliganded receptor structure. Steroid binding induces a conformational rearrangement and fixing of the island domain. We speculated back in 2011 (Hothorn et al., Nature, 2011) that the steroid ligand and the now fully ordered island domain together may represent a docking platform for a shape-complementary helper protein that would allow the receptor to become activated. Candidates for such helper proteins were the small somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (SERKs), which had been implicated in brassinosteroid signalling (Li et al., Cell, 2002, Nam & Li, Cell, 2002). We thus set out to study, whether SERK proteins are the envisioned shape-complementary helpers required to activate BRI1 signal transduction.\nPlant steroid receptor activation by somatic embryogenesis co-receptor kinases\nIn our lab at the Friedrich-Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, postdoctoral fellow Julia Santiago and lab manager Chrisitine Henzler managed to express the isolated LRR ectodomains of BRI1 and of the putative co-receptor kinase SERK1 in insect cells.\nWhile these domains do not physically interact in the absence of the steroid hormone, they form very tight heterodimers in the presence of even minute amounts of brassinolide, the most potent brassinosteroid in Arabidopsis (Santiago, Henzler and Hothorn, Science, 2013).\nA crystal structure of the BRI1-brassinolide-SERK1 complex revealed that the hormone acts as a molecular glue, which promotes association of the LRR domains of receptor and co-receptor (Figure 4)\nThe hormone binding pocket is formed by residues from both the receptor and from the co-receptor, and thus both proteins are required for high-affinity sensing of the steroid molecule.\nImportantly, the steroid-promoted association of the BRI1 and SERK1 LRR domains brings their C-termini (which connect to the trans-membrane helices and to the cytoplasmic kinase domains) in close proximity. We thus assume that steroid binding at the cell surface to BRI1 and SERK1 allows their kinase domains in the cytoplasm to interact. The movie below depicts how the extracellular BRI1 LRR domain (in blue) binds brassinolide (in yellow) using its island domain (in magenta). Brassinolide binding allows BRI1 to interact with the LRR domain of the co-receptor kinase SERK1 (in orange). The green spheres at the end of the animation depict the location of known missense alleles in BRI1 and BAK1, which affect brassinosteroid signaling (movie by Kelvin Lau, generated using the program Chimera).\nThe kinase domains of receptor and co-receptor can interact and transphosphorylate each other\nWe have recently begun to dissect the cytoplasmic side of signaling (Bojar et al., Plant J, 2014). Undergraduate researcher Daniel Bojar found that the kinase domain of BRI1 is structurally related to the Pelle/IRAK family of kinases in animals, which rationalizes why BRI1 is a dual specificity kinase. The auto-phosphorylation pattern of BRI1 is very complex (Figure 5) and we could find BRI1 homodimers as well as heterodimers with SERK kinase domains. Our interpretation is that BRI1, SERKs and other plant LRR kinases may form homodimers trough their kinase domains as a basal or resting state, and may heterodimerise with a co-receptor kinase domain for activation (Fig. 6). Importantly, trans-phosphorylation between BRI1 and SERKs has been demonstrated in vivo (Wang et al., Dev Cell, 2008). We mapped one interaction side of BRI1 with SERKs to the C-lobe of the BRI1 kinase domain and thus an asymmetric arrangement in the heterodimer is possible, with one kinase acting as the enzyme and the partner acting as substrate. Interestingly, the BRI1 inhibitor protein BKI1 also binds to the C-lobe of BRI1 and acts by inhibiting formation of the BRI1-SERK kinase heteromer (Jaillais et al., Genes Dev, 2011).\nShedding of floral organs requires the receptor kinase HAESA, the peptide hormone IDA and the co-receptor kinase SERK1\nHave you ever wondered how trees in the fall know when to let go? These abscission processes (shedding of old or no longer required organs) are controlled by the plant receptor kinase HAESA and its cognate peptide hormone ligand IDA. Together with our collaborators Melinka Butenko and Mari Wildhagen from the University of Oslo, Norway, postdoctoral fellows Julia Santiago and Benjamin Brandt could demonstrate that HAESA directly senses the IDA peptide, specifically an active 12mer peptide carrying a central hydroxyproline residue (a post-translational modification common to many plant peptide hormones) (Figure 7). However, HAESA by itself cannot bind IDA with high affinity. It requires a co-receptor kinase, which like in the case of BRI1 (see above), completes the ligand binding pocket. The HAESA co-receptor turned out to be SERK1, the receptor kinase which also BRI1 requires for receptor activation (Santiago et al., eLife, 2016). The movie shows the LRR domain of HAESA (in blue) interacting with the active peptide hormone IDA (in yellow). The co-receptor kinase SERK1 (in orange) binds next, specifically interacting with the IDA C-terminus. The zoom in highlights the C-terminal 3 amino-acids in IDA as well as the central hydroxyproline, which anchors the peptide to the receptor. (movie by Kelvin Lau, using the program Chimera).\nThe receptor activation mechanism described here for the steroid receptor BRI1 and and the peptide hormone receptor HAESA is conserved among many plant receptor kinases. A detailed description of these different receptor systems can be found in our review by Hohmann, Lau & Hothorn, Annual Reviews of Plant Biology, 2017.\nSensor histidine kinase hormone receptors in plants\nPlants do not only rely on receptor kinases to mediate transmembrane signaling, but also on sensor histidine kinases . These receptor proteins are normally found in prokaryotic genomes and can be considered the key players in bacterial membrane signal transduction.\nArabidopsis contains several sensor histidine kinase proteins, including a putative osmosensor, a family of hormone receptors that recognize the gaseous plant hormone ethylene , and a set of three cytokinin receptors. Cytokinins are classic phytohormones derived from adenine . Cytokinins control diverse processes in plant growth and development, and are essential to maintain plant stem cell populations. Cytokinin receptors are eukaryotic sensor histidine kinases. These receptors bind the hormone with their extracellular sensor domain and initiate a classical two-component phosphorelay in the cytoplasm. By solving the crystal structure of the plant cytokinin receptor we found, that despite being divergent in sequence, plant and bacterial histidine kinases are very similar (Figure 8) (Hothorn et al., Nature Chem Biol, 2011).\nCytokinin receptors can sense chemcially diverse hormone ligands\nCytokinin receptors can not only respond to a diverse set of naturally occurring adenine-type cytokinins, but also bind synthetic urea-type compounds. These molecules are so diverse in chemical structure that it is hard to imagine how the receptor gets the job done. We thus crystallized the extracellular sensor domain of the Arabidopsis cytokinin receptor AHK4 in complex with many different natural and synthetic cytokinins, and compared them side-by-side. Fig. 8 shows that the receptor contains a binding pocket that can accommodate very different ligands, by simply checking a few critical contacts on one hand, and by providing a simple size-selectivity filter on the other hand. In this way, AHK4 can interact with diverse adenine-type ligands (Figure 9).\nAlthough synthetic urea-type cytokinins look very different from the naturally occurring hormones, we found that they do mimic the critical contacts, basically hijacking the binding site (Figure 10). Synthetic cytokinins are important growth regulators, herbicides and defoliants in agriculture. Thus, on the more practical side, the different AHK4 structures suggest how to design new cytokinins rationally, with potential application in basic research and in the field.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://dnpproject.help/nrs-455-pathophysiology/", "date": "2024-04-18T16:48:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817222.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418160034-20240418190034-00178.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8912744522094727, "token_count": 3069, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__167057156", "lang": "en", "text": "Nurses are the cornerstone of patient care, serving as advocates, educators, and comforters at the bedside. But to truly excel in this role, a deep understanding of the human body’s intricate dance between health and disease is essential. This is where NRS-455 Pathophysiology steps in, offering a comprehensive exploration of the underlying mechanisms of disease processes across the lifespan.\nBuilding upon the foundation laid in NRS-455 Pathophysiology, this course delves into the fascinating realm of pathophysiology, equipping nurses with the knowledge to not only recognize the signs and symptoms of illness, but also to understand the “why” behind them. This deeper understanding empowers nurses to become more effective partners in patient care, promoting disease prevention, management, and ultimately, a path towards improved well-being.\nUnveiling the Multifaceted Nature of Disease with NRS-455 Pathophysiology\nNRS-455 Pathophysiology goes beyond simply memorizing disease names and symptoms. It emphasizes a holistic approach, recognizing the various dimensions that contribute to an individual’s health and illness experience.\n- Biological dimension: This core aspect focuses on the cellular and physiological changes that occur within the body during disease. Understanding the interplay between organs, tissues, and cells is crucial for comprehending how diseases manifest and progress.\n- Environmental dimension: Our surroundings significantly impact our health. This course explores the role of environmental factors such as pollution, toxins, and lifestyle choices in disease development.\n- Social dimension: Social determinants of health, like socioeconomic status, access to healthcare, and social support systems, play a critical role in individual and community health outcomes. NRS-455 emphasizes the importance of being mindful of these social influences on disease susceptibility and management.\n- Psychological dimension: The mind-body connection is undeniable. This course explores how psychological factors like stress, anxiety, and depression can influence disease processes and vice versa.\n- Spiritual dimension: Recognizing the importance of spirituality in individual well-being, NRS-455 acknowledges the potential role of spiritual beliefs and practices in coping with illness and finding meaning in the face of adversity.\nNavigating the Landscape of Disease\nBy examining various disease categories, NRS-455 provides a practical framework for understanding specific disease processes. This includes:\n- Cardiovascular diseases: Exploring the mechanisms behind heart attacks, strokes, and other heart-related conditions.\n- Respiratory diseases: Understanding the pathophysiology of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory ailments.\n- Gastrointestinal diseases: Delving into the causes and consequences of conditions like peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and various digestive disorders.\n- Neurological diseases: Demystifying the pathophysiology behind conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and various neurological disorders that affect movement, sensation, and cognition.\n- Endocrine diseases: Exploring the role of hormones and the disruption of their balance in various endocrine disorders like diabetes and thyroid dysfunction.\n- Oncology: Understanding the mechanisms behind cancer development, progression, and treatment approaches.\nIntegrating Knowledge for Effective Nursing Practice\nNRS-455 Pathophysiology goes beyond theoretical knowledge by emphasizing its practical application in nursing practice. Through case studies and scenario-based learning, students have the opportunity to apply their understanding of pathophysiology to real-world situations. This fosters critical thinking skills, allowing them to analyze patient symptoms, identify potential underlying pathophysiological processes, and make informed decisions about appropriate interventions.\nFurthermore, the course integrates nutritional and pharmacological concepts into the understanding of disease processes. Nurses learn how specific nutrients can impact health and disease, and how various medications work to target specific pathophysiological mechanisms. This integrated knowledge equips nurses to provide comprehensive patient care, addressing not only the symptoms but also the underlying causes of illness.\nEmpowering Nurses to Make a Difference\nBy delving into the complexities of human pathophysiology, NRS-455 Pathophysiology equips nurses with the knowledge and skills to become more effective partners in patient care. This understanding empowers them to:\nAdvocate for patients\nBy comprehending the “why” behind symptoms, nurses can advocate more effectively for their patients, ensuring they receive appropriate diagnostic tests, treatment plans, and educational resources.\nPromote health and disease prevention\nRecognizing the multidimensional factors that contribute to disease, nurses can play a crucial role in promoting healthy lifestyle choices and preventive measures within the communities they serve.\nProvide compassionate and holistic care\nUnderstanding the various dimensions of illness allows nurses to provide care that goes beyond the physical, addressing the emotional, social, and spiritual needs of their patients.\nNRS-455, therefore, is not just a course in memorizing the intricate details of human illness. It’s a journey of equipping nurses with the knowledge, critical thinking skills, and empathy needed to make a real difference.\nNRS-455 Pathophysiology Questions and Answers\nHey there, future pathophysiology pro! So, you’ve got this NRS-455 Pathophysiology exam on the horizon, and it’s waving at you like a friendly challenge. Don’t break a sweat – we’re here to break down the intricacies into bite-sized pieces. Let’s take a stroll through the basics, exploring the core topics that will have you acing that exam with a smile.\nUnderstanding the Questions\nBefore we dive into the specifics, let’s chat about the kinds of questions waiting for you. Picture it like a menu with multiple choices – you’ve got the classic multiple-choice questions where you pick the best dish (answer). Then there’s the true/false section, where you decide if a statement is a tasty truth or a little fib. Lastly, there’s the matching game – a friendly pairing of terms and their sidekicks. We’ve got a mix of these to make your prep journey interesting.\nExploring NRS-455 Pathophysiology Module Topics\nNow, let’s open the door to the avenues you’ll be venturing into during your exam. Think of it as a friendly exploration, but instead of wild creatures, we’ve got muscle hypertrophy, types of necrosis, tissue types, and active transport systems. Ready to make friends with these topics?\nMuscle hypertrophy is like the superhero transformation of our muscles – they flex and bulk up, becoming stronger and more powerful. Think of it as muscles hitting the gym and gaining muscle mass. However, it’s not always a celebration. Sometimes, muscles hypertrophy due to overuse, injury, or underlying health conditions, and that’s when it becomes a concern. Understanding the mechanics of muscle hypertrophy involves exploring how muscle fibers grow in response to stress, like lifting weights. It’s a balancing act between the right kind of stress and recovery.\nImagine your muscles as a team preparing for a big event. If they train well, they become stronger, but if they’re overworked or injured, it’s not a party anymore. So, muscle hypertrophy is a complex dance of stress, recovery, and understanding when too much of a good thing can turn not-so-good.\nTypes of Necrosis\nCells, like characters in a story, bid farewell in various ways. Necrosis, or cell death, isn’t a single, uniform process. It’s more like a collection of narratives, each with its own plot twist. Picture it as cells expressing their goodbyes in different languages, and these languages tell us a lot about what’s happening in the cellular neighborhood.\nIn the world of pathophysiology, understanding these types of necrosis is akin to decoding cell emotions. For example, coagulative necrosis involves cells becoming firm and opaque, like a well-cooked egg, while liquefactive necrosis results in cells turning into a liquid goo. Each type of necrosis provides clues about the underlying causes, whether it’s due to lack of blood supply, infections, or toxins. So, exploring necrosis is like reading the cellular diary to understand the drama unfolding within.\nOur body is indeed a superhero team, and the tissues are the unsung heroes with unique superpowers. Each tissue has a specific role, contributing to the overall harmony within our body. Whether it’s the sturdy and protective nature of connective tissues or the rapid communication skills of nervous tissues, each tissue plays a vital part.\nUnderstanding tissue types in the context of pathophysiology is like getting to know the characters in a superhero squad. Connective tissues are the bodyguards, epithelial tissues form the protective shield, and muscle tissues are the powerhouse. The MVPs, or most valuable players, in our body are these tissues, working together to maintain balance and functionality.\nActive Transport Systems\nNow, imagine tiny molecules inside our cells, not following the typical traffic rules but defying them – that’s the magic of active transport. It’s a cellular phenomenon where molecules move against the natural flow, requiring energy to navigate through cell membranes. This process is like molecules taking a special express lane inside cells.\nIn pathophysiology, unveiling the secrets of active transport involves understanding the molecular vehicles and energy sources powering this unique traffic system. It’s a bit like watching a microscopic action movie within our cells, where molecules actively choose their path. This phenomenon is surprisingly cool because it challenges the conventional view of how things move inside cells, adding an extra layer of complexity to the cellular narrative.\nNRS-455 Pathophysiology Essay Topics\nNRS-455 Pathophysiology investigates into the fascinating yet complex world of pathophysiology, the study of underlying mechanisms behind diseases. Writing an essay in this course allows you to showcase your understanding and critical thinking skills. Here are some potential essay topics to consider:\n- The Impact of the Environment on Disease Processes: Explore how factors like pollution, diet, and lifestyle choices can contribute to various diseases. Discuss specific examples and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved.\n- The Interplay Between Different Body Systems in Disease: Analyze how dysfunction in one system can cascade and affect other body systems. Use a specific disease example to illustrate this complex interaction.\n- The Role of Age in Disease Susceptibility: Discuss how aging can impact the body’s ability to fight disease and the specific pathophysiological changes associated with age-related illnesses.\n- The Ethical Considerations in Utilizing New Pathophysiological Technologies: Explore the emerging technologies used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases from a pathophysiological perspective. Discuss the ethical considerations surrounding such advancements and potential challenges.\nSpecific Disease Processes\n- Understanding the Pathophysiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Investigate into the cellular and physiological changes that occur in COPD, exploring the role of inflammation, airflow obstruction, and gas exchange issues. Discuss the impact of these changes on patients and potential therapeutic approaches.\n- Dissecting the Pathophysiology of Heart Failure: Analyze the various causes and pathophysiological mechanisms leading to heart failure. Discuss different types of heart failure and how they manifest at the cellular and organ level.\n- Exploring the Complexities of Diabetes Mellitus: Unveil the pathophysiology of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, focusing on the role of insulin deficiency and resistance. Discuss the impact of these changes on blood sugar regulation and potential complications.\n- Demystifying Cancer: A Journey Through Cellular Abnormalities: Explore the pathophysiology of cancer, highlighting the role of uncontrolled cell growth, mutations, and the evasion of cell death mechanisms. Discuss different types of cancer and their underlying pathophysiological processes.\nFrequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about NRS-455 Pathophysiology\n1. What is NRS-455 all about?\nNRS-455 is a course designed for nursing students (specifically MSN students based on the context) that delves into the “why” behind different diseases. It goes beyond memorizing symptoms and focuses on understanding the underlying mechanisms (pathophysiology) of various illnesses across the lifespan.\n2. What kind of diseases will we learn about?\nThe course explores a wide range of disease categories, including:\n- Cardiovascular diseases (heart problems)\n- Respiratory diseases (breathing problems)\n- Gastrointestinal diseases (digestive issues)\n- Neurological diseases (affecting the nervous system)\n- Endocrine diseases (hormonal imbalances)\n- Oncology (cancer)\nThis is not an exhaustive list, and the specific diseases covered may vary depending on the program.\n3. What makes NRS-455 different from other nursing courses?\nNRS-455 takes a holistic approach, meaning it looks beyond the physical aspect of diseases and considers:\n- Environmental factors: How surroundings like pollution and lifestyle choices can influence health.\n- Social factors: How social determinants like socioeconomic status and access to healthcare impact illness.\n- Psychological factors: The connection between emotions like stress and anxiety with disease.\n- Spiritual factors: Recognizing the potential role of spirituality in coping with illness.\nThis comprehensive approach equips you with a deeper understanding of the various aspects that contribute to a person’s health and illness experience.\n4. How will learning about pathophysiology help me as a nurse?\nUnderstanding the mechanisms behind diseases allows you to:\n- Be a better advocate for your patients: Knowing the “why” behind symptoms helps you ensure they receive the right care and explain things clearly.\n- Promote health and disease prevention: You’ll be able to educate patients and communities on how to adopt healthy habits to stay well.\n- Provide more compassionate care: By understanding the various aspects of illness, you can offer more holistic care that addresses not just the physical but also the emotional, social, and spiritual needs of your patients.\n5. What can I expect from the course format?\nThe course format may vary depending on the program, but it typically involves:\n- Lectures explaining the core concepts of pathophysiology.\n- Case studies and scenarios allowing you to apply your knowledge to real-world situations.\n- Discussions and group activities to foster critical thinking and collaboration.\n- Exams and assignments to assess your understanding of the material.\n6. Is this course difficult?\nNRS-455 can be challenging, but it’s also very rewarding. The key is to be proactive, stay organized, and utilize available resources like textbooks, online materials, and your professor or teaching assistants for help.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tst.als.net/the-ride/", "date": "2019-08-26T08:21:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027331228.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20190826064622-20190826090622-00026.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9257630705833435, "token_count": 444, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__205143796", "lang": "en", "text": "The ALS Therapy Development Institute (ALS TDI) Tri-State Trek\nraises funds for ALS research and spreads awareness of the work\nALS TDI is doing to find an effective treatment and cure for a horrific\ndisease. The Trek began in 2003, when 16 cyclists pedaled from\nBoston to New York and raised $30,000 for ALS research. The\nevent has since grown to a 270-mile course with over 450\nparticipants and has raised over $7 million.\nYear after year, riders return and new faces join the fight. We hope\nyour 2018 summer plans include the Tri-State Trek\nand look forward to seeing you in June!\nAt their own pace, riders cycle a 270-mile marked course with rest stops every 15-20 miles. Starting at Boston College, Chestnut Hill,\nparticipants overnight in college dormitories all weekend, and finish with a victory ride down Greenwich Avenue and\npicnic on the banks of the Long Island Sound. We transport all gear and provide all meals, snacks, water, and sports\nPaticipants can ride, crew, or volunteer at the three-day, fully supported event.\nTo view all ride options, click here.\nAbout the ALS Therapy Development Institute\nThe ALS Therapy Development Institute and our scientists actively discover and develop treatments for ALS. We are\nthe world's first and largest nonprofit biotech focused 100 percent on ALS research. Led by people with ALS and drug\ndevelopment experts, we understand the urgent need to slow and stop this disease. Learn more at www.als.net.\nEvery 90 minutes, someone is diagnosed with ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease or Motor Neuron Disease\n(MND). It is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that causes muscle weakness, difficulty breathing and\nswallowing, and paralysis while leaving the senses intact. ALS attacks certain cells in the brain and spinal cord needed\nto keep muscles moving. Most people survive two to five years after their diagnosis, with an estimated 30,000 people\nin the US and 450,000 worldwide living with the disease. Currently, there is no effective treatment nor cure.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.mech.hku.hk/old-academic-staff/lin-y", "date": "2023-10-02T11:33:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510994.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002100910-20231002130910-00260.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.90323406457901, "token_count": 153, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__256755891", "lang": "en", "text": "+(852) 3917 7955\nDr. Yuan Lin received the BS and MS degrees in Engineering Mechanics from Tsinghua University in 1999 and 2001, respectively. He later obtained a MS degree in Applied Mathematics and a Ph.D. degree in Solid Mechanics in 2008 from Brown University. Dr. Lin’s research interests include cellular and molecular biomechanics, tissue development and morphogenesis, and mechanics of biological materials. His works have been published in places like Science Advances, Nature Communications, PRL and PNAS.\nCellular and molecular biomechanics\nCell adhesion and migration\nMechanics of biological materials", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://thefriendlyfarmer.blogspot.com/2007/10/friendly-farmers-chicks.html", "date": "2018-07-22T14:40:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676593302.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20180722135607-20180722155607-00401.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9437427520751953, "token_count": 134, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__56804369", "lang": "en", "text": "The main new enterprise on the farm is 'pasture poultry', basically the concept is raising chickens on a grass and grain diet. This leads to better tasting chicken as 30% of their diet consist of grass. Plus the chickens live to the older age of 10 weeks, which allows the birds to mature and reach a larger size. Finally the birds live outside 24 hours a day in a pen that allows them to make the most of natures natural elements, growing fit, strong and healthy. The pen is moved every morning, and the chickens walk on to fresh grass for the day. In this way they avail of fresh grass sprouts and naturally fertilize the ground.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://therapy48631.affiliatblogger.com/14939347/genital-herpes-cure-11-best-natural-home-remedies-for-genital-herpes", "date": "2018-11-19T03:28:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039745015.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20181119023120-20181119045120-00205.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9432254433631897, "token_count": 5588, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__52783917", "lang": "en", "text": "You can find other organic remedies for herpes treatment that work extremely well. We suggest you use those in conjunction with your olive oil extract to totally ruin this undesirable parasite for good\nNatural Herpes Cure Colloidal Silver:\nColloidal silver functions in an identical method to olive oil extract. The positively charged beams in silver flocked into the protein structure surrounding the virus so it can't replicate. In addition, in the event the particles in the colloidal silver are small (less than 6 nanometers), they can permeate the virus and also attach themselves to the genetic material contained inside. This also prevents the herpes virus from being able to replicate even further and essentially\"starves\" it. Thus by doing this, the viral disease is rapidly contained and quarantined.\nThe truth is, by mixing colloidal silver using olive leaf extract, oregano oil and BHT (view following two cures), you truly have the most powerful herpes destroyer combo which exists on this planet! In reality, you will be hard pressed to locate a stronger and astonishingly effective treatment for preventing the herpes virus anywhere. We promise it!\nBased on Homeopath and colloidal silver pro, Dr Robert Scott Bell, to receive your daily dose of colloidal silver, you must take a supplement that includes silver at a form of at least 10 parts per million (particles at 6 nanometers or less). We know of just 1 colloidal silver manufacturer in the marketplace that not only fits the criteria, but really goes far further to provide the strongest colloidal silver supplement you will ever encounter (contaminants at 0.8 nanometers). It is called Sovereign Silver.\n\"I found out that colloidal silver kills viruses, bacteria and fungus - I'd rosemary and took a tsp of colloidal silver (autonomous silver) 5 times every day for 3 weeks and it's gone. I discovered that the brand of silver is very important. I have been re-checked and I am negative for herpes. I was amazed to find this disease can be cured.\"\nFor dosages, take one teaspoon (5 tsp ) of colloidal silver (grip under tongue for 30 seconds then consume ) 5 times per day for 3 weeks. Next, take 1 teaspoon twice daily for a further 9 months. Also remember to never use a metal teaspoon when measuring out your dosage since the compounds from the spoon react negatively with the silver particles. Use a BPA free plastic spoon or measuring cup instead.\nIn addition to choosing the colloidal silver , it is possible to also apply colloidal silver topically on almost any lesions for some additional speedy healing and help.\nCarvacrol is especially significant and the higher the levels of the compound the better. Like we mentioned, when blended with olive leaf extract, colloidal silver and BHT, eucalyptus oil is unbeatable. However, and this is essential, you need to make certain you purchase the right sort of oregano oil and utilize it correctly (falls under the tongueadded to water and applied to the base of the backbone ). The lavender oil MUST be the\"super strength\" 100 percent pure Mediterranean petroleum. Nothing else will get the job done! This is among those brands we recommend, however, it's pricey New Age Super Strength Oregano Oil (make sure you follow each crucial thing they list on how best to use the oil).\nThis brand is much more reasonably priced and really contains some of the highest degrees of carvacol and thymol we have come across thus far (up to 92% carvacrol! ) ) You will still should read through this informative article though on exactly how to use the oil efficiently, both internally and externally, to destroy the virus Steps How to use this Oregano Oil.\nFurthermore, please make sure you take the time to read through this ENTIRE article and follow the information\"to-the-letter\" so that you can get the most from the strong herpes Therapy\nOrganic Herpes Heal 4 BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene):\nConsidering that around half of serious (viral) diseases are related to or due to lipid-coated viruses, that this is a powerful finding. When a virus can't infect and invade a cell, it can't rise and replicate and will gradually die.\nBHT is also terrific for reducing and completely stopping all of herpes outbreaks.13 If you get started detoxing your system and utilizing powerful substances like the olive leaf extract, colloidal silver and peppermint oil, it is very common for outbreaks to occur - especially at first. The virus has been lying dormant and has been woken up. It's not content! So when it leaves the infected area it may, and usually does, go on a rampage at your expense. The body begins to fight back, that further exacerbates the problem. However, BHT promptly destroys the viral epidemic and creates rapid healing\nHow to Get the Most From BHT\nSo BHT supplementation is definitely another crucial link in your\"herpes treatment\" arsenal. And the good thing about BHT is it's not costly and is easily obtainable. There are a couple of precautions though and a specific means to start taking BHT so that your body is able to adapt to it. Firstly, you MUST unite BHT with the herb St. John's Wort. St. John's Wort comprises a chemical called hypericin, and also the theory (yes, it is only a concept at this point ) is that hypericin has the capacity to maneuver down the ganglia nerve, so when it's coupled with BHT it functions as a carrier to find the BHT into the region where the herpes virus likes to hide (hypericin is also a powerful antidepressant also ).\nWe recommend the capsules. High Power BHT Capsules. They're easier to take and you also know the specific amount you are taking every time. Once again, remain with this number for 3-4 days before increasing to 750 mg. Following another 3-4 days increase to the highest recommended long term dosage of 1000 mg's per day. Stay on this for 6 weeks prior to falling back to 500 mg's a day for the following 6 weeks. You may then take 250 mg's of BHT every day following this period for so long as you desire.\nAnd needless to say, ensure you always choose the St. John's Wort with the BHT and coconut oil for optimum assimilation and advantage.\nNotice: Don't consume alcohol whilst carrying BHT as the BHT will intensify the effects of the alcohol. BHT may also thin the blood (if you haven't taken it previously ), which explains the reason why you should stick to the directions and gradually build up the dose. This blood thinning is not harmful to your health though and usually only occurs for the first 2-3 times while the body is acclimatising to it. Naturally, if you're taking anticoagulant drugs, have liver problems, or blood clotting disorders such as hemophilia, you should check with your healthcare professional first prior to taking BHT, simply to be on the secure side.\nThe herpes simplex virus absolutely interrupts the amino acid L-Lysine. Vitamin C and C have also been proven to help keep the herpes virus away, together with giving the immune system a substantial boost. Taking these three in supplemental form is essential since you may need high dosages. 1000 mg of a premium quality lysine supplement three times a day is needed to find the virus in check, along with 5000 mg of two-staged time release vitamin C and 5000 milligrams of ascorbic acid daily (yes, that's a total of 10,000 mg's of vitamin C each day!) Colloidal zinc or chelated zinc (50 mg's per day) can also be recommended for optimal outcomes. Once the virus is under control, fall down into a maintenance dose of involving 500-1000 mg's per day of the lysine for 3 weeks prior to dropping it thoroughly. Continue to eat a lot of lysine rich foods such as natural free range eggs and organic fruits and vegetables though, along with carrying a wheat grass or chlorella supplement each day to raise your pH level (which also can help kill the virus) and also to eliminate heavy metals in your system (which the virus likes to link itself to). The calcium and vitamin C needs to be taken in the maximum dosages listed above to your FULL 12 months.\nNatural Herpes Heal 6 Elderberry:\nYet another extraordinary home remedy for herpes. Elderberry includes some very powerful antioxidant flavonoids which are proven to increase the immune system very quickly. In addition, it possesses some superb anti viral properties and has been shown in studies to really block the replication of four strains of the herpes simplex virus, including two strains that are immune to the most frequent herpes pharmaceutical medication acyclovir (Zovirax).8 Additionally, elderberry is among the finest natural remedies for colds and flu you're ever going to come encounter. You can readily purchase elderberry online or from any great health food merchant.\nNatural Herpes Heal 7 Herbs and Reishi Mushrooms:?\nTribulus Terrestris, Astragalus, Cat's claw, galangal, lapacho and Cissus Quadrangularis are anti-viral in nature and will help tremendously. Reishi mushrooms, ginger, turmeric, black pepper, cinnamon, cilantro (coriander), and the strongest of them all, garlic, are also anti-viral and give the immune system a strong boost. Cayenne pepper, peppermint and chamomile are 3 herbs which have actually been proven to combat the herpes virus so make certain to use them on your cooking as much as possible (along with a great deal of garlic and cilantro).\nBear in mind, to successfully kill the herpes simplex virus that you need to detox your entire body, increase your pH level, and also boost your immune system to the absolute maximum! This is essential. Each of these spices and herbs along with mushrooms help do this so it's vital to utilize them and consume them at high quantities daily. You can read more on some of the best natural ways to enhance your immunity here\nIt's such a strong anti-viral and disease fighting food which it's still considered the number one cure of choice by many natural healers and alternative healers.\nAnd a recent analysis has finally been able to validate the benefits of natural honey for treating herpes\nAt the first part of the analysis, researchers treated 8 patients with genital herpes and 8 patients with oral herpes with Acyclovir when a breakout occurred. In the next part of the study, they treated all 16 patients with honey rather than Acyclovir as soon as there was a second breakout and revealed that the healing time was 43% greater for labial sores and 59% improved for genital sores. They found the length and extent of each attack, together with the length of pain and healing time were much shorter with all the honey compared to Acyclovir.\nWith no side effects!\nA second study randomized 90 people with genital herpes also needed them utilize among three treatments during an outbreak a ?propolis ointment? (a different bee/honey product), topical Zovirax, or a placebo ointment. They discovered that the individuals from the propolis group experienced a quicker healing time due to their lesions and were far more likely to have completely healed sores daily 10 of their treatment in comparison with people using Zovirax or even the placebo.6\nHow to Get the Most From this Honey Remedy\nThere are two strategies to effectively use honey. Primarily as an external treatment When an outbreak occurs simply smear the honey (using just a tiny coconut oil) over the affected region after urination and depart for as long as you can. The second way is a lot simpler You simply eat it!\nHoney is not simply anti-viral, it also contains nitric oxide metabolites. New research indicates that increasing nitric oxide levels in bodily fluids may help retard and even prevent viral replication. This is obviously, welcome information for herpes victims. For the best outcome, 1-2 tablespoons of honey should be eaten every day.\nManuka honey is by far the most superior of all honeys. The pollen comes from the blossoms of this potent medicinal plant known as the Manuka bush, located in Australia and New Zealand. Manuka honey has been proven to kill over 250 bacterial strains and treat the herpes simplex virus. This truly is the only honey you should utilize. It's much more powerful than normal honey, but with this said, if you only have access to organic honey or honey then go ahead and use these. Natural honey is still a better choice than using nothing in any respect. Anything you do though, don't utilize processed honey (commercial honey marketed in supermarkets) as this can really cause your symptoms worse! 7\nApple cider vinegar is also yet another excellent all-natural remedy and cure for HSV1 and HSV2. In addition, it contains some very potent anti-viral and infection-destroying attributes and is really among the greatest detoxifiers and thick metal removers in life! As an extra benefit, ACV helps to increase your own body pH level and enhance your immune system. Used topically, it also helps to ease lesion pain and discomfort quite considerably.\nTo get the most out of the ACV remedy, combine 2 tbsp of apple cider vinegar containing the\"mother\" apple along with a teaspoon of Manuka honey in a glass of warm filtered water and beverage down. Try this 3 times a day on an empty stomach (very first thing in the morning when you alert is especially significant ). If you find you can not manage the flavor of the liquid ACV, proceed with the capsules rather.\nFor external relief and also to heal lesions faster, mix a batch comprised of one cup ACV to a single gallon of water. Soak with a wash cloth then apply as a cold compress. Leave the affected area for about 20 minutes. Repeat this process 2-3 times per day until all lesions are healed and gone.\nNatural Herpes Heal 10 Topical Home Remedies That Genital herpes - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic Offer Great (and Quick ) Relief:\nBenzoyl peroxide (HP): This will certainly be your initial\"visit\" remedy whenever you've got an outbreak. Since herpes is really a parasite, and you also need to alkalize the body to destroy the virus, hydrogen peroxide is certainly a worthy (and cheap) addition to your daily treatment protocol. If you have a breakout, then simply toss some 12% hydrogen peroxide using sterile filtered water (3 parts HP into 11 parts water for 3% solution) and apply directly to any lesions using a cotton ball. Do this 2-3 times a day and observe those sores fade faster than you have ever seen before. If you have a cold sore (HSV1), lightly prick the sore with a sterilized needle then use the HP using a cotton ball. Hold for 10 or more minutes. Be conscious that the hydrogen peroxide may also bubble a bit in the start - that is normal. Ensure that you use the 12% level and simmer directed above therefore it doesn't burn.\nFor internal use, follow exactly the HP protocol summarized on page 74 of this terrific book The One-Minute Heal: The Secret to Recovery Virtually All ailments. As soon as you get to the maintenance dose, then continue to choose this amount for so long as you need (at least until your 12 weeks is up). Along with this, take a capful of 12 percent food grade hydrogen peroxide and also combine with filtered or distilled water at a ratio of 3 parts HP into 11 parts water (becomes 3% solution) and bleach this daily after cleaning your teeth - do not consume the mixture, however, spit out after. Parasites and bacteria breed and live in the mouth. Carrying out the HP gargle daily kills those unwanted insects, and then, enhances the assimilation and effectiveness of the foods and nutritional supplements you are going to be consuming quite appreciably. Hydrogen peroxide also prevents toxins and heavy metals from the body at a fast rate through the aforementioned techniques. Make sure to ONLY use water peroxide (such as these types ) for internal usage and make sure you dilute accordingly. Whatever you do however, do not pass up using this potent cure!\nBe aware: 35% food grade hydrogen peroxide (as per the books recommendation) is now becoming more and more tough to acquire. This may be easily overcome, but by simply purchasing the 12 percent alternative and tripling the amount (12x3=36%) or buying the 8 percent option and quadrupling the amount (8x4=32%) to provide you the 35% grade.\nDMSO: DMSO works a treat on all types of herpes outbreaks, whether they're genital, cold tender or shingle associated. As soon as you feel that tingling sensation coming on, apply a tiny quantity of DMSO into the affected location. Do this 3 times a day for 3-4 days and either the outbreak won't occur at all, or it'll be quite moderate and short lived. Along with this, use a tiny amount into the bottom of the backbone, and when it is temperature blisters (HSV1) that you have, also apply a small amount to the back of the neck (spine) and a tiny amount to the temples (trigeminal ganglia) where the virus resides after dormant. The wonderful thing about DMSO is even if you have a full blown breakout, then it will still do the job. Purchase the 70% DMSO solution in either liquid, cream or gel form. In case you decide to go with the 99.9% pharmaceutical grade, make sure you water it down to some 70 percent solution before employing so it will not burn.\nBesides this, you are able to mix the DMSO cream using the eucalyptus oil (3-4 drops) and coconut oil if applying topically to the bottom of the backbone (see 3 heal ). DMSO helps penetrate the oregano oil deep into the ganglia nerve. Attempt to find the 70 percent DMSO cream with added aloe vera if you can as this helps to prevent your skin drying out. HSV1 sufferers can also employ a small quantity of the oregano oil/DMSO/coconut oil mix to the back of the throat and temples 3 times per week for additional benefit.14\nTea tree oil: Tea tree oil is a virtual\"cure all\" topical treatment. And it works really nicely on herpes sores. Simply use one drop from the eye dropper that comes with the jar and then rub softly on the contaminated place.\nLemon balm: This herb comprises rosmarinic, caffeic and ferulic acid, and the chemicals that give this herb its potent anti-viral properties. In addition, it works very well in skin lesions caused by the herpes virus. Purchase the lemon vera liquid drops and use 3-4 times every day.\nEssential oils: Essential oils such as lavender and peppermint oil may also be utilised as a topical therapy. However, we recommend you try these just in the event you don't receive any advantage from your lemon product or tee tree oil as these are most likely the least capable of the three to most people.\nAloe vera: This wonderful plant can help with almost any ailment or skin condition you could possibly encounter. It's no side effects and won't irritate or inflame skin whatsoever. Use the aloe vera creams or gels to supply some soothing relief to a herpes sores.\nMyrrh: Myrrh comprises potent anti-fungal, antibacterial, antibacterial and antiseptic properties and can be a more potent immune booster. The ancient Egyptians are believed to have utilized this plant to cure herpes over 5000 decades ago (yes, herpes was around back then). You can use myrrh essential oil as a topical cure for herpes lesions (also it works a treat with this), but also where it really comes into its own is when it is taken internally. Myrrh extract resin (such as this) doesn't just significantly improve the human body's immune response, it arouses the immune system to attack the virus if it attempts to break out and then go on a rampage at your expense. If you are going to utilize myrrh, be sure to follow the instructions listed on the face of the bottle.\nSome meals will definitely impair the healing process while others will help to speed it up. The primary\"no \" is caffeine and any foods which contain it. Caffeine impairs the recovery process like nothing else. Foods you have to prevent include black, green tea and chocolate. However, we do strongly recommend you drink Matcha green tea every day because of its powerful wellness and therapeutic benefits. In this case, the pros definitely outweigh any cons!\nThe other foods and ingredients you want to avoid are all refined sugars and processed foods (such as processed milk ), along with GMO's and hybrid foods.15 These man-altered catastrophe foods do nothing for your entire body and so are laced with additives and toxic chemicals that inhibit the effectiveness of the remedies we've only discussed. Tap water also needs to be avoided because of it's high heavy metal and pesticide material (and tap water can contain parasites and other unwanted pathogens) so be certain to simply drink sterile filtered waterand needless to say, no alcohol! You will most likely feel lethargic and tired against the virus so why would you eat foods and drink fluids which are only going to make you tired and lethargic anyhow? Nuts (not seeds) are also on the list of foods to avoid because they seem to exacerbate the virus due to their elevated levels of arginine.\nThe foods you need to be ingesting more of would be the fundamentals organic fruits (especially avocados and soybeans ), herbs (especially cilantro), vegetables, legumes (soft boiled), fish (wild salmon, mackerel and lettuce ), and omega 3 fatty acid seeds such as flax seeds, hemp and chia seeds. Furthermore, coconuts contain some quite powerful anti-viral and disease fighting properties (specifically, an viral destroying substance called monolaurin), along with essential fatty acids, so ensure you consume lots of coconut oil, coconut oil, and also take a top quality monolaurin supplement daily.\nGreen foods such as wheat grass and also the blue-green algae chlorella and spirulina chelate (remove toxins and heavy metals) in the body and so are high in organic iron (your immune system is based on iron to fight the virus) so try and include one or both of them to a morning smoothie each and every day, together with Atlantic dulse seaweed (some other very powerful thick metal remover) and the anti inflammatory fruits, pomegranate and maqui berries (you can buy them in powdered form). Furthermore, have a fantastic quality probiotic nutritional supplement and consume lots of cultured foods like sauerkraut, kimchi and organic yogurt also for a healthy intestine and healthier digestion (this website has lots of useful recipes you may use).\nFinally, be sure that you eat plenty of organic onions and garlic! Yes, this might appear a bit\"out there\" but lots of herpes sufferers are having excellent results from drinking their own home-made onion and garlic broth. This makes sense like garlic and onions contain a number of the most powerful anti-viral and immune boosting compounds yet discovered. Along with also a 1992 study from Brigham Young University actually discovered that garlic managed to kill 90% of the herpes simplex virus within 30 minutes of applying it to a laboratory dish! So there you move?\nFor more information on the onion and garlic remedy and how to make the broth, you can click this website Onion Family (Onions, Garlic, Celery, Thyme) for Treating Herpes Only be aware that garlic and onions really do narrow the blood vessels, so if you happen to be on any blood thinning medications, you'll have to leave this one out.\nSo that the bottom line with all this is\"clean eating\" is the secret. Heavy metals, synthetic additives and toxic chemicals (pesticides, etc) will kill the benefits of this protocol over anything else!! So be sure you go organic and go raw. Obtain a Nutribullet or something similar and use this to juice and pulp your meals. Cooking foods destroys valuable nutrients and live enzymes so attempt to prevent this practice. Eating organic, raw foods is certainly among the secrets to the success of this protocol.\nOrganic Herpes Heal 12 You Have To Stay Calm:\nYou will have no doubt decided that the times you're worried and up-tight will be the times when you receive an epidemic. The same is true for eczema and psoriasis sufferers. The reason for this is stress lowers the immune system (crucify's it really). A reduced immune system means your body can't fight infection, illness or any parasitic virus. Hence the result is a breakdown within the body or a real worsening of any health issue. Fortunately, olive oil extract, olive oil, colloidal silver, vitamin C, zinc as well as the herbs mentioned previously, together with appropriate eating, will all help keep your immune system at tiptop state. But make it work more challenging than it must? You have to learn to keep tension and anxiety to a minimum. Doing a few yoga, tai-chi or meditation daily will definitely help. Exercise is also a great\"de-stressor\". We suggest that you click on our\"natural cures for anxiety\" link for more advice about how best to keep your stress levels in check.\nA Final Note On Using Natural Remedies and Home Remedies to Eliminate the Herpes Simplex Virus\nWe believe you've got everything here to cure and eliminate the herpes simplex virus for good and return to living a normal life. Contrary to what you might be thinking at the moment, the herpes virus is hardly something you were cursed together and you will have to take to a grave. Don't believe the healthcare professions\"expert opinions\" about herpes, even when they inform you there is no cure. We're sick of reading this rubbish (though we do agree that using their injectable treatments there is no cure, but using natural remedies for herpes there surely is!)\nSo use every one the recommendations suggested here (besides the topical remedies, which are optional) and resource make sure you stay with them to-the-letter FOR A PERIOD OF 12 MONTHS (yes you may need this period of time). In the event you do, we guarantee you will be pleasantly surprized from the outcomes and down the trail you'll even wonder why you were so concerned about contracting the herpes simplex virus in the first location!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.dribrahimhelmymd.com/contents/patient-info/faqs/atrial-fibrillation2", "date": "2023-09-24T06:38:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506623.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20230924055210-20230924085210-00748.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9294204711914062, "token_count": 223, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__221848821", "lang": "en", "text": "Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm condition. This type of heartbeat is characterized by an extremely rapid rhythm, which can reduce the heart’s efficiency to pump blood out to the body. As a result, blood clots can form in the heart chambers, potentially reaching the brain and causing a stroke or heart failure.\nAF is typically due to an existing heart condition. Other causes of atrial fibrillation include high blood pressure, heart attack and coronary artery disease. Dizziness, feeling out of breath, tiredness, a feeling that the heart is racing or fluttering, uneven heart beating and chest pain are all common symptoms. Atrial fibrillation is common in older adults and may not present obvious symptoms. Seeing a doctor at the first onset of AF symptoms is important to avoid serious complications. Goals of treatment include restoring rhythm as close to normal as possible and preventing the formation of blood clots. Stop by one of our Los Angeles area offices or schedule an appointment today to learn how Dr. Helmy can help treat or diagnose your arrhythmia.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://52swine.com/news_show/0D913D2488C04C3B", "date": "2019-11-22T02:37:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496671106.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20191122014756-20191122042756-00462.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6787786483764648, "token_count": 606, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__160619513", "lang": "en", "text": "The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) said it is taking additional steps to keep African swine fever (ASF) from entering the U.S.\nAlthough ASF does not affect humans, it is highly contagious and deadly among pigs, cannot be cured and has no vaccine. ASF has been spreading throughout pig farms and wild boar in China and parts of Europe since last summer, and has resulted in the death or culling of hundreds of thousands of pigs. It recently was detected for the first time in Vietnam.\nThe USDA is taking the following steps to intensify the prevention of ASF’s entry into the United States:\n· Work with Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) to train and add 60 additional beagle teams for a total of 179 teams working at key U.S. commercial, sea and air ports\n· Coordinate with CBP on the further expansion of arrival screenings at key U.S. commercial sea and air ports – including checking cargo for illegal pork/pork products and ensuring travelers who pose an ASF risk receive secondary agricultural inspection\n· Increase inspections and enforcement of garbage feeding facilities to ensure fed garbage is cooked properly to prevent potential disease spread\n· Heighten producer awareness and encourage self-evaluations of on-farm biosecurity procedures\n· Work to develop accurate and reliable testing procedures to screen for the virus in grains, feeds and additives, and swine oral fluid samples\n· Work closely with officials in Canada and Mexico on a North American coordinated approach to ASF defense, response and trade maintenance\n· Continue high-level coordination with the U.S. pork industry leadership to assure unified efforts to combat ASF introduction\n“We understand the grave concerns about the ASF situation overseas,” said USDA Undersecretary for Marketing and Regulatory Programs Greg Ibach. “We are committed to working with the swine industry, our producers, other government agencies, and neighboring countries to take these additional steps.”\nNew research out of Kansas State University has confirmed that animal feed contaminated with ASF virus can sicken swine, prompting scientists and industry leaders to call for caution among feed producers and importers.\nAccording to a press release from the National Pork Board, “one new practice designed to reduce disease transmission risk involves knowing exactly how long certain feed ingredients have been securely stored before allowing their use on pig farms.”\nIt is possible for swine disease viruses to survive in shipments of certain feed ingredients during shipping to U.S. ports and even to inland points of feed manufacture.\n“A holding time of 78 days after the date of manufacture and bagging or sealing to prevent additional contamination (“born on date”) for amino acids, minerals or vitamins will degrade 99.99 percent of viral contamination. The holding time extends to 286 days for soybean meal to allow for similar viral degradation, once shipped to prevent additional contamination,” the press release said.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.thewalkersabroad.com/http/wwwthewalkersabroadcom/tag/Alabama", "date": "2019-10-20T11:58:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986707990.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20191020105426-20191020132926-00210.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.97605299949646, "token_count": 434, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__25683322", "lang": "en", "text": "On our drive back from Alabama, we decided to avoid the aggravation that is called Atlanta and instead drive through Tennessee. We both prefer the scenery and calmer traffic and while the radio choices left much to be desired, it gave us the opportunity to stop in Chattanooga and visit the aquarium there. The husband and I love visiting aquariums and the reviews were quite positive so we decided to give it a shot.\nIt was spectacular.\nWe saw not only vast numbers of saltwater fish, but there was an separate entire building dedicated to freshwater fish. This exhibit touched on freshwater sources in Tennessee to lakes in Africa to the streams of China. Each plaque had details on the fish and creatures living in the exhibit and gave information on the environment from which they originated. We saw hundreds of fish, turtles, and frogs of course, but I also saw some of the weirdest sea creatures I’ve ever seen.\nThe very top of the freshwater fish building housed snakes (in cages!) and four, playful otters all in an open, airy room with plenty of natural light, trees, and a waterfall that ran into a massive fish tank full of Tennessee, freshwater fish. The freshwater fish building was very well designed and allowed hundreds of people in the building and spread them out so people didn’t cluster in front of one particular fish tanks. The traffic was constantly moving, which gave everyone the chance to see every exhibit.\nThe saltwater building contained a massive tank for sharks, rays, sea turtles, schools of fish, and a whole exhibit dedicated to jellyfish and similar creatures. There was a large room for butterflies, filled with brightly colored flowers and warm, humid air. There was a dive show, which caused my palms to sweat because of the close proximity of the divers and the sharks in the large fish tank.\nThis was a beautiful aquarium, and easily one of the best ones I’ve ever been to. Highly recommend it!\n*The aquarium knows nothing about me and I was not compensated for this post. All opinions and pictures are my own. I just liked this aquarium and needed to share the fun!*", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://news.sanantonioonline.us/press-releases/qualtex-laboratories-implements-new-zika-testing-guidance-from-u-s-food-and-drug-administration-196195", "date": "2019-09-17T08:44:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573065.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20190917081137-20190917103137-00192.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9297249913215637, "token_count": 757, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__191210867", "lang": "en", "text": "Loading, Please Wait...\nSan Antonio, Aug. 22, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- QualTex Laboratories is up and running with new guidance for testing blood donations for the Zika virus, just weeks after the Food and Drug Administration issued revised recommendations for blood centers.\nIn July, the FDA distributed a Guidance for Industry permitting the use of “minipool” testing for Zika, in which samples from a small group of donors are combined and tested for the presence of Zika virus antibodies. Since Zika testing began in 2016, all donations had been required to be tested individually.\nThe new minipool Zika method began at QualTex Laboratories facilities in San Antonio and Norcross, Georgia, on Aug. 16. QualTex performs blood testing for the South Texas Blood & Tissue Center (STBTC), as well as blood and plasma centers throughout the United States.\n“Our partnership with Roche gave us a more-rapid implementation of the minipool Zika testing,” said Ward Carter, chief operating officer of QualTex Laboratories, which along with STBTC is a subsidiary of BioBridge Global. “We had prepared for this change and wanted to be an early adopter of the minipool methodology.”\nQualTex was one of the first testing centers in the United States to make the Zika test available, working with the pharmaceutical giant Roche on development of the assay in 2016. The FDA recommended testing all blood and blood products for the presence of the Zika virus in July 2016.\nThe change will result in lower costs for blood centers, Carter noted, since running in a minipool format has a lower overall cost than the individual method.\nThe FDA’s revised recommendations noted that if there is a positive test for the Zika virus, or if the Centers for Disease Control or other health agencies determine there is a high risk for Zika virus transmission in a certain area, then all donations will need to be tested individually.\nPositive tests have been rare since the FDA released its initial guidelines in2016. QualTex has not had a confirmed positive test, and a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine showed the nation’s largest blood collection organization had just eight positive tests out of more than 4 million donations in the first 15 months of Zika testing.\nAbout QualTex Laboratories: QualTex Laboratories is a nonprofit affiliate of BioBridge Global that provides state-of-the-art biologic testing services on whole blood, plasma and human cells, tissue, and cellular- and tissue-based products (HCT/P) for its global biotechnology and biopharmaceutical customers. It is one of the nation’s largest nonprofit testing laboratories and has locations in Texas and Georgia. Visit us at qualtexlabs.org.\nAbout BioBridge Global: BioBridge Global (BBG) is a San Antonio, Texas-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation supporting regenerative medicine with diverse products and services, through its operating subsidiaries – the South Texas Blood & Tissue Center, QualTex Laboratories and GenCure – and supported by the community through The Blood & Tissue Center Foundation. BBG provides products and services in blood resource management, cellular therapy, donated umbilical cord blood and human tissue, as well as testing of blood, plasma and tissue products for clients both domestically and abroad. BBG is committed to saving and enhancing lives through the healing power of human cells. It fulfills part of this mission by supporting groundbreaking research, addressing unmet clinical needs and enabling the development and commercialization of novel biotechnology products.\nMary Uhlig BioBridge Global 210-731-5519 email@example.com", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://greatfence.com/2021/05/10/how-to-make-your-garden-bee-friendly/", "date": "2023-09-26T18:32:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510219.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926175325-20230926205325-00457.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9475808143615723, "token_count": 644, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__169874744", "lang": "en", "text": "How to Make Your Garden Bee-Friendly\nBees are one of the most important parts of our ecosystem. They pollinate all sorts of different plants, from the food we eat to the flowers we cultivate to make our homes beautiful. Here are some tips for choosing the right plants and fencing for your garden to help you to make the most bee-friendly garden possible and do your part to help the planet.\nChoose the Right Plants\nWe all know that bees are attracted to brightly colored flowers, but did you know there are some plants that are true bee-attracting superstars? Bees are particularly fond of plants with purple flowers, such as lavender, aster and lilac. Lavender is a particular favorite that comes with the benefit of smelling amazing and looking lovely.\nIf you choose the plants in your garden based on their practical use, don’t worry. There are a number of herbs that are also great for attracting bees to your garden. One herb that’s a favorite of cooks, gardeners and bees is basil. If you’re at all fond of cooking Italian food, fresh basil offers an easy way to make your dishes taste amazing. Chives, rosemary and sage are other kitchen staples that will both attract bees to your garden and give you a fresh supply of organic herbs.\nHome Your Plants in Creative Places\nUnlike flowers and bushes that need to be planted in the ground, climbing plants can live in a wide range of places. If you have an aluminum fence in your garden, you’ll be happy to know that aluminum fences can make a fantastic home for a wide range of climbing plants. In addition to looking good and keeping your home secure, you can use aluminum fences to display a wide range of vines and climbing plants like Carmel creeper and wisteria. That way, you’ll be making your home beautiful in a way that suits your tastes while doing your part to help the local wildlife.\nTake up Beekeeping\nPerhaps you already have a garden full of bee-friendly plants and a garden fence that’s home to lots of bee-friendly vines and climbers, but you want to do even more to help keep your local ecosystem healthy. In that case, you might consider taking up beekeeping as a hobby. Beekeeping is a fantastic hobby that allows you to collect high-quality, organic honey each season while doing your part to help your local ecosystem.\nIf you have children or dogs, you might want to consider fencing off the area around your beehive with small wooden or aluminum fences. The bees will still be able to fly into or out of the hive to collect the pollen they need, and any curious children or pets won’t get too close and end up being stung.\nAs you can see, it’s easy to turn your garden into a paradise for bees. You can plant shrubs in the ground or give climbers a home on your fence. You can grow herbs for your kitchen or flowers to brighten your yard. All these things are great for helping your local ecosystem while giving you a garden in which you can really enjoy spending time.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://truoinews.com/crispr-technology-market-share-growth-trends-2023-2031/", "date": "2023-09-30T15:33:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510697.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930145921-20230930175921-00254.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8864911198616028, "token_count": 1783, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__227500294", "lang": "en", "text": "The ‘Global CRISPR Technology Market Share, Size, Report and Forecast 2023-2031’ by Expert Market Research gives an extensive outlook of the global CRISPR technology market, assessing the market on the basis of its segments like type, cas type, application, end-user, and major regions.\nThe report studies the latest updates in the market, along with their impact across the market. It also analyses the market demand, together with its price and demand indicators. The report also tracks the market on the bases of SWOT and Porter’s Five Forces Models.\nThe key highlights of the report include:\nMarket Overview (2016-2031)\n- Historical Market Size (2022): USD 1.8 Billion\n- Forecast CAGR (2023-2031): 23.1%\n- Forecast Market Size (2031): USD 11.9 Billion\nCRISPR technology, also known as CRISPR-Cas9, is a tool used for editing the genetic code of living organisms. It has been widely adopted in various regions around the world and is being used for a wide range of applications, including basic research, agriculture, and medicine.\nGet a Free Sample Report with Table of Contents@ https://www.expertmarketresearch.com/reports/crispr-technology-market/requestsample\nNorth America is the leading region for CRISPR technology. In the United States, CRISPR technology is being used for a wide range of applications, including basic research, agriculture, and medicine. The United States is home to many leading CRISPR companies and research institutions, such as Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics, and the Broad Institute. Additionally, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use of CRISPR in clinical trials for treating genetic disorders.\nThe European Union, on the other hand, has invested heavily in CRISPR research, with the European Commission funding a number of projects aimed at developing new CRISPR applications. Additionally, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has approved the use of CRISPR in clinical trials for treating genetic disorders.\nIn the Asia Pacific region, China has invested heavily in CRISPR research, with many leading Chinese scientists and institutions working on new CRISPR applications. China has also approved the use of CRISPR in clinical trials for treating genetic disorders.\nCRISPR Technology Industry Definition and Major Segments\nCRISPR technology is a powerful genetic engineering tool which enables scientists to make precise alterations to the DNA of living organisms. The process includes the use an enzyme called Cas9, which acts like a pair of molecular scissors, to cut specific sequences of DNA. Once the DNA is cut, scientists can then add, delete, or replace specific genes or sequences to change the characteristics of the organism. CRISPR technology has a wide range of applications, including gene therapy, disease treatment, and crop improvement.\nRead Full Report with Table of Contents@ https://www.expertmarketresearch.com/reports/crispr-technology-market\nMarket Breakup by Type\n- Cas9 and gRNA\n- Design Tools\n- Plasmid and Vectors\n- Other Delivery System Products\nMarket Breakup by Cas Type\n- Cas3 in Type I Systems\n- Cas9 in Type II Systems\n- Cas10 in Type III Systems\nMarket Breakup by Application\n- Genome Engineering\n- Disease Models\n- Functional Genomics\nMarket Breakup by End User\n- Academic Research Organisations\n- Biopharmaceutical Companies\n- Agriculture Biotechnology Companies\n- Contract Research Organisations (CROs)\nMarket Breakup by Region\n- North America\n- Asia Pacific\n- Latin America\n- Middle East and Africa\nCRISPR Technology Market Trends\nThe CRISPR technology market is driven by a number of factors, including the increasing demand for precision medicine, the growing awareness of the potential applications of CRISPR technology, and the increasing availability of funding for research and development. The advancements in the technology itself, such as the development of new delivery methods, have also contributed to the growth of the market.\nAnother driver of the CRISPR technology market is the growing awareness of the potential applications of CRISPR technology. Researchers and scientists have begun to explore the use of CRISPR technology for a wide range of applications, including agriculture, biotechnology, and environmental conservation. This has led to a growing interest in the technology, which has contributed to the growth of the market.\nThe increasing availability of funding for research and development has also driven the growth of the CRISPR technology market. Governments, private organizations, and venture capitalists are investing heavily in the development of new CRISPR technologies and applications, which has led to a surge in research and development activities. This has in turn led to the development of new products and services, which has contributed to the growth of the market.\nKey Market Players\nThe key players in the market are:\n- Horizon Discovery Group plc\n- Sangamo Therapeutics\n- GenScript Biotech\n- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc.\n- Precision Biosciences\n- Beam Therapeutics Inc.\n- Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.\n- Intellia Therapeutics\n- CRISPR Therapeutics AG\n- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated\n- New England Biolabs\n- Agilent Technologies, Inc.\n- Merck KGaA\nThe report covers the market shares, capacities, plant turnarounds, expansions, investments and mergers and acquisitions, among other latest developments of these market players.\nRead More Reports:\nLocation Analytics Market: https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/location-analytics-market-size-share-price-trends-growth-analysis-report-and-forecast-2021-2026-2023-01-16?mod=search_headline\nsilicon photonics market: https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/silicon-photonics-market-size-share-trends-growth-forecast-report-2023-2028-2023-02-17?mod=search_headline\nCommerce Cloud Market: https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/commerce-cloud-market-share-size-price-industry-growth-trends-analysis-forecast-2021-2026-2023-01-16?mod=search_headline\nLoyalty Management Market: https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/loyalty-management-market-size-share-growth-industry-statistics-report-and-forecast-2021-2026-2023-01-17?mod=search_headline\nMedical Education Market: https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/medical-education-market-size-share-growth-industry-analysis-report-and-forecast-2022-2027-2023-01-11?mod=search_headline\nExpert Market Research (EMR) is leading market research company with clients across the globe. Through comprehensive data collection and skillful analysis and interpretation of data, the company offers its clients extensive, latest, and actionable market intelligence which enables them to make informed and intelligent decisions and strengthen their position in the market. The clientele ranges from Fortune 1000 companies to small and medium scale enterprises.\nEMR customises syndicated reports according to clients’ requirements and expectations. The company is active across over 15 prominent industry domains, including food and beverages, chemicals and materials, technology and media, consumer goods, packaging, agriculture, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, among others.\nOver 3000 EMR consultants and more than 100 analysts work very hard to ensure that clients get only the most updated, relevant, accurate and actionable industry intelligence so that they may formulate informed, effective and intelligent business strategies and ensure their leadership in the market.\nCompany Name: Claight Corporation\nContact Person: Steven Luke, Corporate Sales Specialist – U.S.A.\nToll Free Number: +1-415-325-5166 | +44-702-402-5790\nAddress: 30 North Gould Street, Sheridan, WY 82801, USA", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://spectrum.integration-5ojmyuq-gyna2hesb7ooa.us-3.magentosite.cloud/high-purity-water", "date": "2021-03-04T19:46:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178369512.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20210304174506-20210304204506-00295.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8823431134223938, "token_count": 261, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__189891020", "lang": "en", "text": "Water, Molecular Biology Grade, USP, Sterile, Purified, DNase-, RNase- and Protease–Free\nItem # 46-000\nWater, Molecular Biology Grade, USP, Sterile, Purified, DNase-, RNase- and Protease–free grade water is ideal for a wide variety of routine tasks requiring a high degree of sterility. It is great for the preparation of reagents, rinsing glassware and plasticware, and other molecular biology applications where Rnase-, Dnase-, and Protease-free water is required. No toxic agents, including diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC), are used in the preparation of Corning's molecular biology grade water, eliminating possible interferences with enzymatic reactions.\nIt is perfect for critical molecular biology processes where low endotoxin and the absence of nuclease and protease activity is a must, including: buffer preparation, DNA/RNA purification, DNA sequencing and libraries, recombinant DNA, cloning, gene mapping, Northern blots, Southern blots, and Western Blots, etc.\nA complete Certificate of Analysis is available for each production lot, along with full formulation information. Sizes are available from 100 mL to 1 L.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://en.hnzlyy.com/dep/mo/tmd2/a_100062.html", "date": "2018-11-12T17:54:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039741016.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20181112172845-20181112194845-00341.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9436980485916138, "token_count": 628, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__122965475", "lang": "en", "text": "- Clinical Center\n- Medical Oncology\n- Gynecologic Oncology\n- Traditional Chinese Medicine/Integrative Oncology\n- Radiation Oncology\n- Medical Laboratory\nAdd: 283 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China\nPatients’ Joint Efforts in Clinical Studies, Better and Newer Treatments\nGreat achievements have been made in recent 10 years concerning the treatments of a variety of tumors including lung cancer. Thanks to the clinical research, some terminal lung cancer patients extend their lives from previous 1 year or so to nearly 3 years. In the course of clinical research, some new or good medicine, new drugs or new therapeutic schedules will be recommended to the clinical and benefit patients. What is the clinical research?\nGenerally speaking, the clinical research is mainly divided into two categories, including the clinical research of new drugs and the research initiated by clinical researchers, the clinical research of new drugs is mainly referred to the processes of drugs from laboratory to clinical application, which can be generally divided into three phases: phrase I , II and III. After three consecutive phrases of clinical trials, the safety and effectiveness of a drug are tested. While the research that the researchers initiated are mostly studies of clinical practice, including new indications and the assessment of new treatments and so on. Whatever type the research belongs to, a common principle must be sticked to: test management specification (GCP), it can effectively guarantee the scientificity of a test as well as the interests and safety of the participants.\nDoctors and patients with lung cancer shared the same goal of finding a safe and effective treatment. In recent years, selective treatment on the bases of pathological types and genetic types, hasobviously improved the effectiveness of lung cancer, the development of the international and domestic multicenter clinical trials contribute to this encouraging changes. Patients participate in clinical research, they not only receive synchronous treatment the same as those patients abroad, but also get more rigorous medical observation. Potential patients who meet the reqirements of clinical trials can receive treatments partial or complete free of charge. On the one hand, it helps some patients out of difficulty in medical services and expensive cost of treatment, on the other hand, it also provide them with anticancer drugs which has not yet listed, and new treatment schemes. Thus lives of a large number of patients will be saved as well as a reduction of financial burden. Since the patients who took part in the clinical study experienced the scientificity and normative of clinical trials, they are always ready to accept continuing on other clinical trials.\nIn recent years, our department has actively participated in a number of multicenter clinical researches home and abroad, such as CTONG0806, CTONG1104 and so on. Some patients who took part in theprogramme benefited from it. Clinical research is the important means to promote the development of human health career. We welcome and encourage our patients can actively take part in the clinical research, for your recovery, for our work.\nThoracic Medicine Department 2 Tan Lei", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://inveltys.myalcon.com/ecp/ampplify/", "date": "2024-04-18T08:01:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817200.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418061950-20240418091950-00613.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8917512893676758, "token_count": 381, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__13254611", "lang": "en", "text": "Use of corticosteroids may result in posterior subcapsular cataract formation.\nUse of steroids after cataract surgery may delay healing and increase the incidence of bleb formation. In those diseases causing thinning of the cornea or sclera, perforations have been known to occur with the use of topical steroids. The initial prescription and renewal of the medication order should be made by a physician only after examination of the patient with the aid of magnification such as slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining.\nProlonged use of corticosteroids may suppress the host response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infections. In acute purulent conditions, steroids may mask infection or enhance existing infection.\nUse of a corticosteroid medication in the treatment of patients with a history of herpes simplex requires great caution. Use of ocular steroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral infections of the eye (including herpes simplex).\nFungal infections of the cornea are particularly prone to develop coincidentally with long-term local steroid application. Fungus invasion must be considered in any persistent corneal ulceration where a steroid has been used or is in use.\nIn clinical trials, the most common adverse drug reactions were eye pain (1%) and posterior capsular opacification (1%). These reactions may have been the consequence of the surgical procedure.\nINVELTYS® is contraindicated in most viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva including epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, and varicella, and also in mycobacterial infection of the eye and fungal diseases of ocular structures.\nPlease see full Prescribing Information for INVELTYS®.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mondayeveningclub.blogspot.com/2021/01/darwins-theory-hard-to-swallow-then-and.html", "date": "2023-12-05T05:40:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100545.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205041842-20231205071842-00583.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9784414768218994, "token_count": 4332, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__26317735", "lang": "en", "text": "Presented to the Club by Roger Linscott, about 1981\nA century and a half ago, in the year 1831, a young divinity student of 22 set sail from England on a voyage to South America. Twenty-eight years later, after prolonged study and soul-searching, he wrote a book based upon his observations there. The world – certainly the world of science – has never been the same since.\nThe young man, of course, was Charles Darwin, and the book was The Origin of the Species. When he embarked on his historic voyage, he had already abandoned a proposed career in medicine, after fleeing in horror from a surgical theater in which an operation was being performed on an unanesthetized child, and was a rather reluctant candidate for the clergy, a career deemed suitable for the younger son of an English gentleman. An indifferent student, Darwin was an ardent hunter and horseman, a collector of beetles, mollusks and shells, and an amateur botanist and geologist. When the captain of the surveying ship H.M.S. Beagle, himself only three years older than Darwin, offered passage to any young man who would volunteer to go without pay as a naturalist, Darwin eagerly seized the opportunity to escape from Cambridge. Five years later, he returned to an inherited fortune, an estate in the English countryside, and a lifetime of independent study that radically changed mankind’s view of life and of our place in the living world.\nTo understand the extraordinary genius of Darwin’s theory of evolution, it is useful to look briefly at the intellectual climate in which it was formulated. Aristotle, the world’s first great biologist, believed that all living things could be arranged in a hierarchy – a ladder of nature in which the simplest creatures had a humble position on the bottommost rung, mankind occupied the top, and all other organisms had their proper places in between. Until the end of the century, most biologists believed in such a natural hierarchy; but whereas Aristotle thought that living organisms had always existed, the later biologists believed, in harmony with the teachings of the Old Testament, that all living things were the product of a divine creation. They believed, moreover, that most were created for the service or pleasure of mankind. Indeed, it was pointed out, even the lengths of day and night were planned to coincide with the human need for sleep.\nThat each type of living thing came into existence in its present form — specially and specifically created – was a compelling idea. How else could one explain the astonishing extent to which every organism was adapted to its environment and to its role in nature? It was not only the authority of the church but also, so it seemed, the evidence before one’s own eyes, that gave such strength to the concept of special creation.\nActually, it was geologists, more than biologists, who paved the way for overturning this concept. During the latter part of the 18th century, there was a revival of interest in fossils, which previously had been collected only as curiosities, regarded as stones that somehow looked like shells. The English surveyor William Smith, born 50 years before Darwin, was among the first to study the distribution of fossils scientifically. Whenever his work took him down into a mine or along canals, he carefully noted the order of the different layers of rock and collected the fossils from each layer. He eventually established that each stratum, no matter where he came across it in England, contained characteristic kinds of fossils.\nSmith did not interpret his findings, but the implication that the present surface of the earth had been formed layer by layer over a very long period of time was unavoidable. This was a brand-new idea. Christian theologians, by counting the successive generations since Adam (as recorded in the Bible) had calculated the maximum age of the earth at about 6,000 years, and no one had ever thought in terms of a longer period. Yet the world described by William Smith was clearly a very ancient one. A revolution in geology was beginning; earth science was becoming the study of time and change, rather than a mere cataloging of types of rocks. As a consequence, the history of the earth became inseparable from the history of living organisms, as revealed in the fossil record.\nAlthough the way to evolutionary theory was being prepared by the revolution in geology, the time was not yet ripe for a parallel revolution in biology. The dominating force in European science in the early 19th century was Baron George Cuvier, a French aristocrat who was the founder of vertebrate paleontology, or the scientific study of the fossil record. An expert in anatomy and zoology, he applied his special knowledge of the way in which animals are constructed to the study of fossil animals, and was able to make brilliant deductions about the form of an entire animal from a few fragments of bone. We think of paleontology and evolution as so closely connected that it is surprising to learn that Cuvier was a staunch and powerful opponent of evolutionary theories. He recognized the fact that many species that once existed no longer did – but he explained their extinction by postulating a series of catastrophes. After each catastrophe, the most recent of which he declared to be Noah’s Flood, new species filled the vacancies. Louis Agassiz, the great Harvard scholar and America’s leading 19th century biologist, was a similarly devout opponent of evolution. He contended that the fossil record revealed 50 to 80 total extinctions of life and an equal number of separate creations.\nBut the person who most directly influenced Darwin was Charles Lyell, a geologist who was twelve years his senior and whose books Darwin took with him on the Beagle. On the basis of his own observations, Lyell opposed the theory of catastrophes as an explanation for the creation of new species. He believed that the slow, steady and cumulative effect of natural forces had produced continuous change in the course of the earth’s history; and since this process is demonstrably slow, its results being barely visible in a single lifetime, it must have been going on for a very long time. Lyell was not an evolutionist. But what Darwin’s theory needed was the concept of vast amount of time – and it was time that Lyell gave him. The discovery that the earth was very ancient was the snowball that started the whole avalanche.\nThis, then, was the intellectual climate in which Charles Darwin set sail from England in 1831. As the Beagle moved down the Atlantic coast of South America, through the Straits of Magellan and up the Pacific coast, Darwin traveled the interior. He explored the rich fossil beds of South America, with the theories of Lyell fresh in his mind, and collected specimens of the many new kinds of plant and animal life he encountered. He was impressed most strongly by the constantly changing varieties of organisms he saw. The birds and animals on the west coast were very different from those on the east coast, and even as he moved slowly up the west coast, one species would give way to another.\nMost interesting of all to Darwin were the animals and plants that inhabited the small, barren group of islands known as the Galapagos, off the coast of Ecuador. The islands had been named by the Spanish after their most striking inhabitants, the giant tortoises, some of which weight 220 pounds or more. Each of the islands has its own type of tortoise, and sailors who took these tortoises on board and kept them as a convenient source of fresh meat on their sea voyages could readily tell which island any particular tortoise had come from. Then there were groups of finchlike birds, thirteen species in all, that differed from one another in the sizes and shapes of their bodies and beaks, and particularly in the type of food they ate. In fact, though clearly finches, they had many features seen in completely different types of birds on the mainland.\nFrom his knowledge of geology, Darwin knew that these islands, clearly of volcanic origin, were much younger than the mainland. Yet the plants and animals of the islands were different from those of the mainland, and in fact, the plants and animals of different islands of the archipelago differed from one another. Were the living things on each island the product of a separate special creation, Darwin wondered – or was it possible that from an original paucity of birds in the archipelago, one species had been taken and modified for different ends? This problem “continued to haunt him.”\nDarwin was a voracious reader. Not long after his return to England, he came across a short but much talked-about sociological treatise by the Reverend Thomas Malthus, which first appeared in 1798. In this book, Malthus warned, as economists have warned frequently since, that the human population was increasing so rapidly that it would soon be impossible to feed all the earth’s inhabitants. Darwin saw that Malthus’s conclusion – that food supply and other factors hold populations in check – is true for all species, not just the human species. For example, Darwin calculated that a single breeding pair of elephants – which are among the slowest breeders of all animals – would, if all their progeny lived and reproduced the normal number of offspring over a normal life pan, produce a standing population of 19 million elephants in 750 years. Yet the average number of elephants remained the same over the years. So, although this single breeding pair could have, in time, produced 19 million elephants, it did, in fact, produce only two. But why these particular two? The process by which the two survivors are, so to speak, “chosen,” Darwin called natural selection.\nNatural selection, according to Darwin, was a process analogous to the type of selection exercised by breeders of horses, cattle or dogs. In the case of artificial selection, we humans chose individual specimens of plants of animals for breeding on the basis of characteristics that seem to us desirable. In the case of natural selection, the environment takes the place of human choice. As individuals with certain hereditary characteristics survive and reproduce, and individuals with other hereditary characteristics are eliminated, the population will slowly change. If some horses were faster than others, for example, those would be more likely to survive, and their progeny, in turn, might be faster, and so on.\nAccording to Darwin’s theory, these variations among individuals of a species, which occur in every natural population, are wholly a matter of chance. They are not produced by the environment, not by a creative force, not by the unconscious striving of the organism. In themselves, they have no goal or direction, It is the operation of natural selection over a series of generations that gives direction to evolution. A variation that gives an animal a slight advantage makes that animal more likely to leave surviving offspring. Thus, a giraffe, say, with a slightly longer neck has an advantage in feeding, and so is likely to leave more offspring than a giraffe with a shorter neck. If the longer neck is an inherited trait, some of these offspring will also have long necks, and if the long-necked animals in this generation have an advantage, the next generation will include more long-necked animals – and so on, until, finally the population of short-necked giraffes will have become a population of longer-necked ones, thought there will still be variations.\nThe extraordinary thing about Darwin’s formulation was not so much his espousal of evolution — which was an idea that had at least crossed other scientific minds before his – but rather, the crucial role he gave to chance variation as the great triggering mechanism of the evolutionary process – the thread that links together all the diverse phenomena of the living world. Species arise, he said, when differences between individuals within a group are gradually converted into differences between groups as the groups become separated in space and time.\nIt was a truly revolutionary concert that, in one fell swoop, brought biology out of the Middle Ages – out of the realm of theology and into the realm of science.\nIt also profoundly influenced our way of thinking about ourselves. With the possible exception of the storm that raged about Copernicus and Galileo, no revolution of scientific thought has had as much effect on human thought as this one. The major reason is, of course, that evolution is in flat contradiction to the lateral, fundamentalist interpretation of the Bible. The new astronomy had made it clear that the earth is not the center of the universe or even our own solar system. With Darwin, the new biology required acceptance of the proposition that, like all other organisms, we too are not created for any special purpose or as part of any universal design but instead rose in the course of the earth’s long history from earlier and more primitive forms.\nThe heretical dimensions of this proposition may explain why almost three decades elapsed between Darwin’s voyage on the Beagle and his publication of the Origin of the Species.\nTwo years after his return to England, he read the essay by Malthus, and in 1842 he wrote a preliminary sketch of his theory, which he revised in a 230-page manuscript in 1844. There is little doubt that he realized the magnitude of his accomplishment. On completing the revision, he wrote a formal letter to his wife requesting her, in the event of his death, to publish it – but then, with the manuscript and letter in safe-keeping, he turned to other work, including a four-volume treatise on the natural history of barnacles. For more than twenty years after his return from his voyage, Darwin mentioned his ideas on evolution only in his private notebooks and in letters to a few scientific colleagues.\nIn 1850, urged on by his friends Charles Lyell and botanist Joseph Hooker, Darwin set to work slowly preparing a manuscript for publication. In 1858, some ten chapters later, he received a bombshell in the form of a letter from another English naturalist, Alfred Russell Wallace, who was working in the Malay Peninsula and had corresponded with Darwin on several previous occasions. Wallace presented a theory of evolution that almost exactly paralleled Darwin’s own. Tossing in bed one night with a fever, Wallace had had a sudden flash of insight. “I saw at once,” he recollected, “that the ever-present variability of all living things would furnish the material from which, by the mere weeding out of those less adapted to the actual conditions, the fittest alone would continue the race.” Within two days, Wallace’s 20-page manuscript was completed and in the mail.\nWhen Darwin received Wallace’s letter, he turned to his friends for advice, and Lyell and Hooker, taking matters into their own hands, presented the theory of Darwin and Wallace at a scientific meeting just one month later. Their presentation received little attention at the time, but for Darwin the floodgates were opened. He finished his long treatise in another few months, and the book was finally published. The first printing of 1,250 copies sold out the same day.\nWhy Darwin’s long delay? His own writings, voluminous thought they were, shed little light on this question. But perhaps his background does. When Darwin embarked on the Beagle, he was a devout Christian who did not doubt the literal truth of the Bible and did not believe in evolution any more than did the other English scientists he had met and whose books he had read. When he achieved his Malthusian insight a few years later, he was still in his 20s. He held no professional position, but he had acquired the admiration of his colleagues for his work aboard the Beagle. He was not about to compromise a promising career by promulgating a heresy that he might be unable to prove to their satisfaction. Perhaps more important, his wife, to whom he was deeply devoted, was extremely religious. In short, it seems reasonable to suppose that Darwin, as has been the case with others, found the implications of his theory difficult to confront.\nNor it is any wonder that he shrank from those implications for so long. Once the earth and its living inhabitants are seen as products of historical change, the theological philosophy embodied in the great chain of being ceases to make sense; the fullness of the world becomes not an eternal manifestation of God’s bountiful creativity but an illusion. For most of the world’s history, the vast majority of species on earth today did not exist and considerably less than one per cent of those that did exist do so today. If evolution has occurred, and if it has proceeded from the entirely natural causes Darwin envisioned, then the adaptations of organisms to their environment, the intricate construction of the bird’s wing and the orchid’s flower are evidence not of divine design but of the struggle for existence.\nMoreover, and this may be the deepest implication of all, Darwin brought to biology, as his predecessors had brought to astronomy and geology, what has been termed the sufficiency of efficient causes. No longer was there any reason to look for final causes and goals. To the questions “What purpose does this species serve? Why did God make tapeworms?” the answer is, “To no purpose.” Tapeworms were not put here to serve a purpose, nor were plants, not plants, nor people. They came into existence not by design but by the action of utterly impersonal natural laws.\nThis was an exceedingly hard pill for most people to swallow – and it still is. The fact that the earth is not the center of the universe, though once considered heresy, is now accepted by the vast majority of mankind. The fact that man is descended of apes is not. Almost uniquely among the great scientific formulations of history, Darwinian theory remains a subject of bitter controversy more than a century after his death – not among biologists, who accept it with virtual unanimity, but among ordinary people who cannot bring themselves to face the possibility of a world that operates without a grand, divinely guided design.\nIndeed, the hullabaloo over Darwinism is currently more intense – at least in the United States – than it has been since the 1920s when Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan battled the issue in Dayton, Tennessee, at the celebrated Scopes trial. Leading the attack today are the so-called Creationists, who are mostly spokesmen for fundamentalist religious groups – but their popular support is wide and deep. In a recent Gallup Poll of cross-section Americans, nearly half of the respondents agreed with the statement: “God created men pretty much in his present form at one time within the past 10,000 years.” Thirty-eight per cent of the respondents agreed with an alternative statement: “Man has developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God guided this process, including man’s creation.” A mere nine per cent accepted a third choice – that man had developed from less advanced forms of life without diving intervention. Another public poll, published in Christian Century several years ago, similarly reported that approximately half the adults in America continue to believe that “God created Adam and Eve to start the human race.”\nArmed with this kind of public support, the Creationists in recent years have been zeroing in on the public school system, particularly in the South and Southwest – not with the demand that the teaching of evolution be banned (which was the issue in the Scopes trial) but with the seemingly less dogmatic demand that Creationist doctrines should be given equal time with Darwinian theory in all science classrooms. They have been remarkably successful in this endeavor. In Dallas, Atlanta, and Chicago, not to mention countless smaller cities, school committees have yielded to the equal-time pressure. And perhaps more disturbing, national textbook publishers – whose profits depend on producing books that will be marketable in every part of the nation – have been soft-pedaling Darwinism in their biology texts or specifically including Creationism as an alternative and co-equal doctrine.\n“Where will we be,” asks Stephen Jay Gould, the eminent Harvard biologist, “if any pressure group can win, by legislative fiat, the ordered inclusion of its favorite doctrine into school curricula?” It’s a good question. One is reminded of Lyndon Johnson’s story about the earnest young pedagogue who, in the depths of depression, applied for an opening as a science teacher in a backwater town in Texas. Confronting the local school board at his interview, he was asked by the grim-visaged chairman: “Do you teach that the earth is flat or that the earth is round?” The young man looked from face to face without seeing a hint of enlightenment. “Well,” he said, “I can teach it either way.”\nThe notion that one can teach the great unifying theory of modern biology “either way” is no less absurd.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thegoodfitness.shop/blogs/news/better-skin-without-wearing-any-makeup", "date": "2023-12-08T16:47:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100762.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208144732-20231208174732-00745.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9112212657928467, "token_count": 649, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__49225250", "lang": "en", "text": "BETTER SKIN WITHOUT WEARING ANY MAKEUP\nBetter Skin Naturally!\nHere Are 3 Easy Ways To Improve Your Skin Health:\n- Eat more anti-inflammatory foods: Acne, psoriasis, and rosacea are all triggered by inflammation. One of the best ways to battle these skin conditions is to reduce hypo allergenic foods (like wheat and dairy) and add in anti inflammatory, healing foods (like bone broth, omega 3s, celery ,blueberries, and my fav, salmon!)\n- Hydrate! Our skin is the largest organ in our body and is comprised of protein, fat and water. Make sure to drink at least 2.5 litres of water per day and use a natural moisturizers void of perfumes and harsh chemicals.\n- Exercise: Our skin helps regulate temperature and helps us remove toxins from our body through sweating. Hit the gym and sweat it out! Exercise will also help better your sleep, which is another cause of bad skin.\nGood skin starts within! Nourishment and a good diet are critical to skin health.Include more of these micronutrients!\n- Lutein: Known as the “eye vitamin”, this antioxidant helps protect our skin and eyes. It is found in bright, colourful foods like carrots, sweet potatoes and kale. It also acts as an anti inflammatory.\n- Beta Carotene: Also found in colourful foods like sweet potatoes, carrots, and tomatoes! Beta carotene gets converted into Vitamin A. This antioxidant helps out skin better protect itself from sunlight and our environment.\n- Vitamin C: A powerful antioxidant that helps produce collagen!\n- Monounsaturated fats: are natural moisturizers that also act as anti inflammatories. (as found in olive oil and avocados)\n- Phytochemicals: are powerful micronutrients found in plants\n- Antioxidants: as found in berries, black currants, dark chocolate and more\n- Selenium: as found in Brazilian nuts and tomatoes. Helps fight against cancer and cell damage.\n- Vitamin E: as found in nuts and seeds. Vitamin E supports cell growth and repair\n- Zinc: Another big one for skin! Zinc helps repair skin damage and is a critical micronutrient for the sebaceous glands in our skin. Zinc is found in fish, poultry, nuts and seeds.\n- Omega 3s: Acts as an anti inflammatory and can fight acne and psoriasis. Omega 3 rich foods include free run eggs, avocados, rapeseed oil and olive oil. You could also opt to supplement with an Omega 3 supplement.\nBetter Skin Naturally: 20 Must Have Foods\nEat more whole foods! I recommend reducing the amount of processed and refined foods and replace them with healthy, whole foods. Here is a list of 20 foods to include in your diet. Many of these foods are antioxidant rich and act as inflammatories.\n- Green tea\n- Dark chocolate (my fave!)\n- Chia Seeds\n- Free Run Eggs\n- Coffee Extract\n- Collard Greens\n- Orange peel\n- Sweet Potatoes", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.kennelvet.com/methigel-urinary-acidifier-4-25-oz.html", "date": "2014-11-28T10:49:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-49/segments/1416931010149.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20141125155650-00217-ip-10-235-23-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8201311826705933, "token_count": 211, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-49__0__127552190", "lang": "en", "text": "Kennelvet is a family owned and operated resource for dog and cat owners, breeders, groomers and other pet professionals for over 40 years.\nMethigel Urinary Acidifier 4.25 oz\nMethigel is a supplemental source of methionine to aid in lowering urine pH. Combined with the proper diet, methigel helps maintain a healthy, natural urinary tract. Used to treat bladder infection. Also aids in the control of urine odors.\nThe usual dose in cats at least 1 year in age is 1/2 -1 teaspoonful twice a day. The usual dose in dogs is 1 teaspoonful twice a day. To stimulate taste interest, place a small amount of Methigel on the animalís nose or directly into the mouth.\n- Size: 4.25 oz paste\n-Used to treat bladder infection\n-Aid in lowering urine pH\n-Maintain a healthy, natural urinary tract\n-For use on dogs, cats\nFor questions about our products, email CustomerService@KennelVet.com", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://poudrelibraries.evanced.info/signup/eventdetails?eventid=42772&lib=0", "date": "2021-02-25T23:17:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178355937.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225211435-20210226001435-00237.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9090141654014587, "token_count": 124, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__68051172", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Melisa Diaz will be talking about how geochemistry intersects with the presence of life forms in the Antarctic. Ice-free areas within the Transantarctic Mountains in Antarctica are believed to contain some of the oldest exposed soil environments on Earth. This presentation will discuss how glacier movement has impacted organisms, nutrients, and life itself. This event is a zoom presentation; registered participants will receive a zoom invite by email.\nResearchers, historians, and adventurers present this series of talks about the exciting world of Antarctic science and extreme expeditions. Each month features a new topic about life and science at the South Pole.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.bellevousmedispa.com/pigmentation", "date": "2018-06-23T09:43:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864957.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20180623093631-20180623113631-00368.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8857262134552002, "token_count": 151, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__279389", "lang": "en", "text": "Belle Vous offers several treatments to manage pigmentation issues, including laser and prescription topical medications.\nPigmentation means coloring. Skin pigmentation disorders affect the color of your skin. Your skin gets its color from a pigment called melanin. Special cells in the skin make melanin. When these cells become damaged or unhealthy, it affects melanin production. Some pigmentation disorders affect just patches of skin. Others affect your entire body.\nWhether from birth or acquired, Belle Vous offers several procedures to treat pigmentation concerns. Conditions include birth marks, freckles, melasma, sun damage, age spots, and scarring. Treatment options may include:\nSchedule a consult to find out which treatment option is best for you.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://au100225974.fm.alibaba.com/product/216250231-0/Aeration_Cooling_Towers.html", "date": "2018-05-24T00:03:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794865863.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20180523235059-20180524015059-00265.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9214365482330322, "token_count": 234, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__123352969", "lang": "en", "text": "The ELL-GRO aeration cooling tower was designed by Des Boxsell to effectively cool the nutrient solution\nThe ELL-GRO aeration cooling tower was designed by Des Boxsell to effectively cool the nutrient solution that feeds the hydroponic channel. Nutrient solutions with an ambient temperature of 30 degrees C and higher essentially \"cook\" the roots and drastically reduce the oxygenation process needed for aerobic and probiotic organisms to do their work in controlling root disease. The cooling tower can reduce the nutrient temperature by as much as 6 to 7 degrees C against the ambient air temperature. This can make a huge difference in conditions not otherwise practicable. The cooling tower system is totally sealed, eliminating any evaporation and splash over nutrient loss.Benefits include -Greater oxygen absorption in the nutrient solutionReduction in the use and cost of needed probioticExtraction of heavier than air gases in nutrient solutionsEnhanced action of aerobic and probiotic organisms through effective nutrient solution aerationGrowers can expect to not only save production costs but also generate additional revenue as a result of installing an aeration cooling tower...a worthwhile investment in the ongoing protection of your crop.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.thecommongroundnetwork.com/blog/diabetic-care/innovative-wearable-devices-transforming-diabetes-management/", "date": "2024-03-01T17:18:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475422.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301161412-20240301191412-00750.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9391008019447327, "token_count": 742, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__136289089", "lang": "en", "text": "Diabetes is a chronic illness that affects millions of people worldwide. One of the key challenges faced by those living with diabetes is managing their blood sugar levels. Traditionally, individuals had to rely on frequent finger pricks to measure their glucose levels. However, thanks to advancements in technology, innovative wearable devices are now revolutionizing diabetes management.\nWearable devices, such as continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and insulin pumps, have become indispensable tools for many diabetes patients. These devices offer real-time data and personalized insights that enable individuals to better understand and manage their condition. They have the potential to transform the lives of those affected by diabetes by simplifying daily tasks and improving health outcomes.\nContinuous glucose monitors have gained popularity in recent years. These small, wearable devices continuously track glucose levels throughout the day, eliminating the need for constant finger pricks. A small sensor placed under the skin measures glucose levels and transmits data to a smartphone or receiver. This allows individuals to monitor their glucose levels in real-time and make informed decisions about their diet, exercise, and insulin management. CGMs also offer alerts for high or low blood sugar levels to help prevent dangerous complications.\nInsulin pumps are another game-changing technology transforming diabetes management. These devices deliver insulin continuously through a small tube inserted under the skin. Insulin pumps provide a convenient and accurate way to administer insulin while also allowing for greater flexibility in meal planning and physical activities. Some pumps even have built-in CGMs, further enhancing the user’s ability to control their blood sugar levels.\nIn addition to these two main wearable devices, there are also other innovative wearables emerging in the market. Smart insulin pens, for example, digitally record insulin doses and transmit the data to a smartphone app. This eliminates the need for manual record-keeping and helps individuals track their insulin usage more accurately. Some companies are also developing wearable patches that can measure glucose levels through sweat or interstitial fluid, providing a more non-invasive alternative to traditional blood glucose monitoring.\nThe data collected by these wearable devices can be easily shared with healthcare professionals, providing valuable insights for treatment optimization. These technologies not only empower individuals to take control of their diabetes management but also facilitate more collaborative partnerships between patients and healthcare providers.\nMoreover, wearable devices have the potential to improve early detection and prevention of diabetes-related complications. By monitoring glucose levels in real-time and providing timely notifications, these devices can help individuals identify patterns and make proactive adjustments to their treatment plans. This can ultimately reduce the risk of long-term complications, such as blindness, kidney disease, or nerve damage.\nThe rapid pace of technological advancements in the field of diabetes management is truly impressive. Wearable devices are transforming the lives of individuals living with diabetes, making their day-to-day routine easier and more manageable. These devices not only offer convenience and accuracy but also provide a greater sense of security and peace of mind for both patients and their loved ones.\nAs wearable technology continues to evolve, we can expect even more innovative solutions for diabetes management in the future. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms into wearable devices holds great promise for personalized and predictive diabetes care. Additionally, the advancements in data analytics and cloud connectivity will further enhance the ability to monitor and manage diabetes remotely.\nIn conclusion, innovative wearable devices are revolutionizing the way diabetes is managed. These devices provide real-time data, personalized insights, and greater convenience for individuals living with diabetes. From continuous glucose monitors to insulin pumps, these wearables offer a range of features that simplify daily tasks while improving overall health outcomes. As technology continues to advance, the possibilities for transforming diabetes management are limitless.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://seedoflifeacupuncture.com/blog/2016/10/26/how-to-keep-your-lymphatic-system-healthy", "date": "2019-09-21T03:02:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514574182.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20190921022342-20190921044342-00500.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.949491024017334, "token_count": 1141, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__116693539", "lang": "en", "text": "The lymphatic system plays a vital role in the well-being and health of your body. It transports a clear fluid called lymph that helps to drain all those yucky unwanted toxins from the body. Lymph is similar to blood, but instead of red blood cells, it carries white blood cells that play a huge part in the immune system and keeping your body healthy. While the circulatory system relies on the heart to pump blood throughout the body, the lymphatic system relies on gravity and regular movement to keep it flowing smoothly and efficiently. When your lymphatic system is happy, you will be happy. Here are five ways to keep your lymphatic system flowing happily and freely:\n1. Jump on a rebounder or mini trampoline\nSince the lymphatic system does not have a pump system of its own, it needs regular exercise to promote energy flow and proper circulation in the body. Jumping on a rebounder or mini trampoline is great for getting the lymphatic system moving and flowing properly. This type of rigorous exercise is reported to increase lymph flow by 15 to 30 times. The up and down vertical movement is much more beneficial for your lymphatic system than horizontal movement as done in running. It is also much easier on your bones and joints.\n2. Dry skin brushing\nThe skin is the largest organ on your body. It plays a very important role in the detoxification of wastes and toxins. Dry brushing your skin daily stimulates the lymphatic system and helps in the process of cleansing and purifying your body. Use a natural soft-bristled brush and use long strokes always working towards the heart. You can also use circular motions. Spend as much time as you would like, anywhere from 2 to 20 minutes. It is best to shower afterwards to wash off the dead skin cells.\n3. Clean up your diet\nEat a diet high in green leafy vegetables and herbs. These foods are high in chlorophyl which can cleanse and purify the blood which in turn will cleanse your lymph system. You can also buy liquid chlorophyll that is extracted from alfalfa plants; you can add this to some sparkling water or kombucha and drink daily. Eat healthy fats from nuts, seeds, coconut oil, olive oil, avocados, and ghee. They will nourish your lymph system. Garlic, ginger, and turmeric are great to supplement into your diet as they promote circulation and reduce inflammation in the body.\nOne great way to cleanse and alkalize your body is to squeeze the juice of 1 lemon into warm water in the morning and drink 30 minutes before breakfast. This will stimulate your digestion and alkalize your body. The lymphatic system works best in an alkaline environment. If your body is too acidic, then you are more prone to excess weight, chronic pain, and many other health issues. Did you know that cancer cannot survive in an alkaline environment?\nIn keeping your lymphatic system healthy, there are certain foods that you want to avoid. Stay away from anything with preservatives or additives, especially MSG. These can cause water build-up and excess swelling in the body. Also, staying away from dairy can be very beneficial as it causes the body to produce a lot of phlegm. Avoid unnaturally white foods such as refined sugar and white flour. Instead choose healthy options such as whole grains or seeds (wheat berries, millet, quinoa, & brown/black rice), and natural sweeteners (raw local honey, coconut sugar, & grade B maple syrup).\n4. Emotional Release\nWhen we feel emotions that are difficult or make us feel uneasy our bodies tend to find some place in the body to store that emotion so we don't have to feel it. In the moment we can find ease because we do not have to feel the pain, but the problem with this is that the emotional energy is still there and can cause the circulation in our bodies to slow down. It is very good to feel emotions fully when they arise, without any judgment so that they can be released when the body is done with them. Emotions are natural and they will come and go like the ebb and flow of the ocean's tide. The next time you feel a strong emotion, try to quiet your mind, and look within to where you feel it in your physical body. Place your hands over that part of your body and take deep breaths until you feel the tension start to release. Or if movement feels better than stillness, put on your favorite song and dance it out.\nIn Chinese Medicine the Spleen is closely related to the lymphatic system. In the Western world we do not tend to think much of the Spleen, but in Eastern culture it is of great importance. When we overwork or make bad dietary choices we end up damaging the Spleen and therefore stagnating the proper flow of the lymphatic system. One good way to reverse this or prevent it is to get regular Acupuncture treatments. This strengthens the immune system, and promotes proper circulation of energy in the body. If your lymphatic system is causing symptoms such as fatigue, swollen lymph glands, fibrocystic breasts, catching colds easily, or digestive issues, then getting on a good regular treatment plan with an individualized herbal formula can be very beneficial at restoring balance in the body. If you are feeling healthy and well, a good preventative medicine is to get an Acupuncture treatment at the change of the seasons, as this is when the energy of the atmosphere is changing and we are more prone to getting sick.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.krauseelkfarm.com/tours.php", "date": "2023-12-02T18:59:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100448.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202172159-20231202202159-00071.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.96040278673172, "token_count": 388, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__288379730", "lang": "en", "text": "Planning a family trip or group outing? This year, don’t forget to look at the Krause Elk Farm as an option. We have hosted various groups which include class field trips, nursing home outings, church groups and boy/girl scouts to name a few.\nHere at the farm, we often do tours and informative talks regarding the Elk and their habitat. For instance, did you know that bulls weigh in between 700 to 900 pounds? Or did you know that Elk are actually classified within the deer family? It’s true, along with the Moose, Caribou, Mule deer, and White-tailed deer.\nTo further demonstrate their size, bull elk can grow to be up to five feet tall at the shoulder and over eight feet long from nose to tail. Now, the cows (female elk), will only grow to weigh in at around 500 pounds. And will measure up at roughly four and-a-half feet tall at the shoulder and six and-a-half feet long from nose to tail. Pictures alone, just simply do not do these magnificent animals justice.\nSurely you have noticed the size of an elk’s antlers before. But did you know that they grow a new set every year? In fact, when they are growing, they are covered in a fuzzy skin called Velvet. By late summer, these new antlers harden and the velvet peels away. For a mature bull, these antlers can weight up to forty pounds!\nTruly an experience to see! With the high prices of gas and travel, we are conveniently located within an hours drive from many locations within the region. Some including; Downtown St. Louis Missouri, Ste Genevieve MO, Belleville IL, and Pickneyville IL.\nKrause Elk Farm\n8311 St. Leo's Rd.\nEvansville, IL 62242", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.thecbdcenter.co.uk/lvwell-cbd--raw--soft-gel-capsules-1000mg-full-spectrum-containing-260mg-cbd-361-p.asp", "date": "2021-10-18T22:35:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585215.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20211018221501-20211019011501-00589.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6867796182632446, "token_count": 266, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__124986053", "lang": "en", "text": "Each capsule contains 10mg of active full spectrum extract, 100 capsules per box.\nUsing supercritical Co2 extraction process preserving a high amount of the natural plant’s properties.\nThe cannabinoids in our full spectrum extracts activate the cannabinoid receptors in the endocannabinoid system inside the human body.\nHigh CBD (Cannabidiol) content,each capsule contains approx 4.7%\nHigh in CBDA (Cannabidiolic Acid) each capsule contains approx 6.3%.\nCBC (Cannabichromene) each capsule contains approx 0.5%\nCBDV (Cannabidivarin) each capsule contains approx 0.2%\n- Full spectrum CBD\n- Terpene rich\n- Co2 extract\n- Lab tested\n- 100% Cannabis Sativa L\n- 100% Natural Ingredients\n- Free from heavy metals, Pesticides & micro-organisms\n- Contains less than 0.01% THC\nCannabinoids, flavonoids, terpenes, waxes, triglycerides, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants & essential fatty acids.\nAnalgesic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, anxiolytic, neuroprotective, anti-oxidant, and anti-psychotic activity.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://artemix-biotech.com/", "date": "2024-04-20T23:53:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817688.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420214757-20240421004757-00201.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8800354599952698, "token_count": 412, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__130420682", "lang": "en", "text": "The solution to tackle the hemodialysis site blockage\nChronic kidney disease is a serious and growing health problem affecting millions of patients worldwide.\nToday 4.5M patients worldwide suffering of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) require hemodialysis to replace their kidney function.\nHemodialysis is a long and very restrictive life-saving procedure performed 3 times a week.\nTo connect the patient to the machine, the best and safest approach is to create a vascular access\nVascular access is the connection between an artery and a vein realized by a surgeon as a arteriovenous fistula (AVF). This is the patient’s lifeline\nIn the first 6 months after surgery, more than 50% of these AVFs will suffer failure resulting in the blockage of the AVF.\nAt ArtemiX Biotech, we address this treatment gap.\nArtemiX provides a new generation, patented, long-acting gel administered directly on the AVF after the surgery, helping the AVF to mature (heal) and preventing the blockage of blood flow through the vein.\n- Unique Mode of Action\nOnce in place, the gel releases on the long term the active drug, inhibiting all stages of disease.\n- Compliance with human biology\n- Very Simple to apply\nRight after the arterio-venous surgery, the gel is very easily applied around the vessel by the surgeon without any added surgical procedure.\nArtemix Biotech is an early clinical stage spin-off company of the University Hospital of Lausanne and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Geneva.\nOur products are still under development and not available on the market.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.platod.fr/en/la-transfusion-de-plaquettes/", "date": "2021-05-12T14:37:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243990929.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20210512131604-20210512161604-00013.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9257009029388428, "token_count": 159, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__78663079", "lang": "en", "text": "Hematopoietic stem cells are formed in the bone marrow. All blood cells originate from them. Platelets are produced by megakaryocytes entering blood vessels.\nTherefore, blood flow is essential for the formation of FUNCTIONAL platelets.\nPlatelets are key players in hemostasis and thrombosis; bleeding accompanies low numbers of circulating platelets. The first response to an injury of a blood vessel is platelet adhesion to it, followed by platelet activation in response to agents produced at vascular lesions. Then platelets release numerous activators that amplify activation of other platelets and contribute to platelet aggregation and thrombus stability.\nOnce platelets are isolated from other blood components, they are unstable and lose rapidly their functional properties.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://farmschoolllc.com/tag/health-benefit/", "date": "2023-05-29T09:04:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644817.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529074001-20230529104001-00033.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9588286280632019, "token_count": 382, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__150702604", "lang": "en", "text": "Author: Kayla Phaneuf\nWhile most Americans have cow milk in their fridge, goat milk is actually the most consumed type of milk in the world! (WebMD) Goats are more accessible and easier to manage for people in other countries compared to cows. How do they compare in terms of health benefits? Is cow milk better for you or is goat milk actually healthier?\nGoat milk contains more protein, fat, calories, and less cholesterol than cow’s milk. While goat milk could be a better benefit to those with high cholesterol, cow’s milk might be a better option for those looking to reduce their calorie intake. Both types of milk are also heavier in different vitamins; for instance, goat milk has more calcium, while cow’s milk has more B12 (PureWow).\nLactose and Digestibility\nMilk alternatives are on the rise and many who have lactose issues are turning to almond, coconut, soy, and oat milk. While they can fill the hole in a diet as a tasty substitute, they do not provide the same nutrients or health benefits as an animal’s milk might. Goat milk could be the solution to those who have some trouble digesting lactose. It contains 12% less lactose per cup than cow’s milk (Healthline).\nWhich is Better?\nIn conclusion, neither milk is particularly more healthy than the other, but each provides its own form of nutrition in its own way. Depending on the type of nutrients one is specifically looking for their milk consumption to provide, researching the properties of each milk type could be a great benefit to one’s diet and overall health. Sometimes varying the types of milk used in your meals can be beneficial, and it never hurts to try something new!\nHeader photo provided by Kaleb Tapp, Unsplash", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://suple.us/en/products/zma-rx-90-caps-161.html", "date": "2024-04-14T07:49:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816875.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414064633-20240414094633-00340.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9337189197540283, "token_count": 1043, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__14047245", "lang": "en", "text": "Zma + Rx 90 caps\n- Revange Nutrition Zma + Rx 90 caps\nZMA is a synergistically active system of 3 active ingredients: zinc, magnesium and vitamin B6. This is a seemingly very interesting combination that is only apparently a supplement that simply supplements magnesium and zinc in our diet. However, thanks to the use of a patented formula, supplementation with these minerals takes on a whole new dimension. The phenomenon of ZMA is based on the use of the most technologically advanced forms of zinc and magnesium in strictly defined proportions. The original ZMA formula, exactly like REVANGE, is based on the so-called amino acid chelates of zinc and magnesium. Chelated minerals are characterized by extremely high bioavailability and biological activity. The absolute bioavailability was obtained thanks to the protection of amino acid minerals. Thanks to this treatment, zinc and magnesium are based on the adverse effects of the gastrointestinal tract environment, they do not adversely interact with other compounds. They can therefore be absorbed into the bloodstream and then distributed throughout the body in an unchanged form - exerting biological activity in the target tissues.\nThe role of zinc and magnesium:\nZMA is a formula that, using a wide range of action of magnesium, zinc and vitamin B6, was designed to liberate and intensify all natural processes aimed at improving the regeneration of the body.\nMinerals, in particular zinc and magnesium, are extremely important and often ignored as part of the diet of athletes. Hardly anyone realizes that their proper intake in a straight line determines the proper course of metabolic processes. They take part in all processes of tissue growth and regeneration. Without an adequate amount of minerals, the body's balance is strongly disturbed, which is manifested by fatigue, lack of sufficiently high activity and, consequently, the lack of appropriate training effects. Minerals are an indispensable element conditioning proper secretion of many important enzymes and hormones of our body. If there are no minerals in our body, it will probably be reflected in the hormonal and enzymatic imbalance. Homeostasis of the system; physiologically correct state of harmony, faces a strong threat.\nMagnesium and zinc are particularly susceptible to leaching in the face of a large load on the body with stress, physical and mental strain. Their deficiency is a very frequent phenomenon, not only in physically active people and athletes. In the face of their deficiencies or imbalances in relation to other compounds, the processes of regeneration, dysregulation of the nervous system, tiredness, weakness of immunity, deterioration of training effects, decrease of physical and mental capacity, disturbance of circadian rhythms, sleep disorders, muscle cramps, inhibition of growth occur. strength and muscle mass, dysregulation of hormonal balance (improper action and secretion of growth factors, enzymes and hormones contributing to the processing of nutrients, which results in a decrease in muscle mass and / or an increase in the amount of adipose tissue).\nFor the most part, we do not have the ability to \"store\" the excess mineral. Everything you supply is used for current needs, and excess must be removed from the body. There is not much opportunity to run reserves at the time of deficit. That's why you should know that if you care about health, the proper functioning of the body, then you should take care of the proper consumption of minerals. If you do not want anything to stand in the way of your sporting success, use ZMA regularly from REVANGE Nutrition!\nWhat are the additional benefits of using ZMA +?\nThe effect on the synthesis and functioning of the endocrine system is this aspect of the action of ZMA, which should be particularly interesting for athletes using doping agents - steroids and pro hormones. The use of ZMA during the cycle allows to some extent to minimize some of the unfavorable aspects of these measures. Due to some antiestrogenic properties, ZMA allows you to maintain proper skin condition, reduces oily skin and tendency to breakouts. A minimal limitation of the subcutaneous water retention may also be noticeable. Strengthening is also the body's resistance, which is particularly weak during the use of steroids. ZMA has permanently entered the repertoire of funds used to help restore the natural hormonal balance after the end of doping. It is one of the measures supporting the standard procedure of \"unblocking\" - although it can not be replaced in any case - contributes to improving its operation, increasing libido and maintaining the effects of the cycle.\nAnother very interesting aspect of the operation is control over the proper functioning of the nervous system. ZMA supervises the preservation of the proper circadian rhythm. Use in the evening helps in relaxing, restoring proper muscle tone. The organism is thus much easier to enter into a state of deep and relaxing sleep, during which regeneration and relaxation proceed faster and more efficiently. People using ZMA often report the effect of relaxation and easier waking up even with a relatively short sleep time. The effect of restoring proper muscle tone is also extremely important during training. It allows not only for long and effective work, but also prevents pathological and painful contractions.\n2 capsules 30 minutes before bedtime.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.readyman.com/blogs/news/77270659-super-charged-composting", "date": "2018-10-16T13:06:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583510749.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20181016113811-20181016135311-00398.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9241529107093811, "token_count": 785, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__113452814", "lang": "en", "text": "Posted on November 16 2015\nComposting Episode 3 (Last one. We promise)\nby Chad Wade\nIf you haven’t gathered, we love compost. It’s one of the best, cheapest preps you can have. It costs nothing and it would provide one helluva advantage in a grid-down world.\nYet, compost isn’t equal to perfect fertilizer. When you compost, you unlock the nitrogen in your “brown” (woody compost) and that’s good. But, nitrogen isn’t the only thing your plants crave.\nFor starters, you should accelerate the process through natural means. “Macro” organisms should be encouraged. We like adding worms to our compost piles to ramp up the breakdown of matter. Red Wigglers work the top layer and Nightcrawlers dig deeper. If your compost is on or in the ground, you probably already have some worms, beetles and flies.\nAlways add either compost boosters or local topsoil or both. This gets the organic process well-started by introducing enough of the right bacteria.\nNext, you should start considering the mineral content of your soil and your compost. Primarily, your plants need nitrogen. But, they need other minerals and elements to unlock their ability to up-take nitrogen. Common deficiencies include nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous.\nOne of the most common deficiencies is calcium. For a plant to fully access nitrogen, it needs calcium. If your leaves are browning around the edges, or if your tomatoes are getting “blossom end rot,” then you probably need more calcium in your soil. Big, heavy-producing plants like pumpkins, zukes, squash or tomatoes hammer the soil, especially if you’re square-foot gardening. They will wipe out the calcium in an area, a lot of times, half-way through the season. Eggshells have tons of calcium, but it takes many years for the eggshell to break down enough to do your plants any good. Rather, add calcium (ground limestone) to your compost in mineral form or apply it directly to your garden in a liquid medium such as Turboganic’s Turbo-cal.\nAnother common deficiency is iron. If your plants are looking pale except for the veins, or if they have stippled leaves, you could have an iron deficiency that is leading to a nitrogen deficiency. Add iron to your compost as chelated iron powder and just let it become part of your fertilizer, especially if your area is short on iron.\nAnother soil issue is pH or acidity/alkalinity. If you live on the eastern side of the country or the Northwest, you could well have acidic soil. Desert areas can have alkali soils. Plants are usually OK with a little excessive pH, but if you’re having trouble growing, send some soil into a lab to find out what your soil lacks. Then add that both to your garden and your compost.\nBy having your soil tested, or by testing it yourself through several years of gardening, you should learn what kind of fertilizer your soil needs and build that into your compost NOW while minerals and additives are available. They’re not expensive, but they would be after the SHTF.\nThe best way to test is to send a sample of your soil into a soil lab such as the one a University of Connecticut. Another way is to use a home-tester kit. This will give you a pH, though not necessarily an accurate pH. The soil lab test should give you pH plus all other deficiencies.\nIf you’re going to babysit a compost pile, make it a good one!\nSoil Test Lab: http://www.soiltest.uconn.edu/sampling.php", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://newmexico.agclassroom.org/teacher/matrix/lessonplan.cfm?lpid=490", "date": "2020-07-08T00:55:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655896169.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20200708000016-20200708030016-00091.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9040228128433228, "token_count": 3076, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__11938935", "lang": "en", "text": "Agricultural Literacy Curriculum Matrix\nSearch Lesson Plans & Companion Resources\nApple Genetics: A Tasty Phenomena\n6 - 8\nUsing the context of apples, students will apply their knowledge of heredity and genetics to distinguish between sexual and asexual reproduction as they explain how new varieties of apples are developed and then propagated to meet consumer demand for a tasty, uniform, consistent product.\n- Apple Genetics PowerPoint\n- Apple Genetics worksheet, 1 per student\n- Per group of students:\n- 1 Paper Plate\n- 1 Whole Braeburn Apple\n- 1 Whole Royal Gala Apple\n- 1 Whole Jazz Apple\n- 1 Knife (or apple slicer to cut apple)\nEssential Files (maps, charts, pictures, or documents)\nheredity: the passing of traits from parents to offspring\nprobability: a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur\nPunnet Square: a diagram used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment\ntrait: a characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes\nphenotype: an organism's physical appearance or visible trait\ngenotype: an organism's genetic makeup or allele combinations\nrecessive allele: an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present (written as lower case letter)\ndominant allele: an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present (written as uppercase letter)\nallele: a variant of a gene\ngene: a section of DNA that codes for a certain trait\nheterozygous: having 2 different alleles for a trait.\nhomozygous: having two identical alleles for a trait.\nDid you know? (Ag Facts)\n- Apples are a member of the rose family.1\n- More than 2,500 varieties of apples are grown in the United States, but only the crabapple is native to North America.1\n- The average person eats 65 apples per year.1\n- Apples are 25% air, which is why they float in water.1\nBackground Agricultural Connections\nInterest Approach – Engagement\nThis lesson has been adapted for online instruction and can be found on the 6-8th grade eLearning site.\n- Ask students to think about their favorite apple. Ask them why that variety is their favorite. Ask them why they think a green Granny Smith apple is so tart/sour? This should lead to a discussion about various apple traits such as sweetness, tartness, flavors, crunchiness, color, etc.\n- Tell students that there are thousands of varieties of apples grown in the United States. Most of the varieties will not be familiar to them because they are only found in orchards grown for research, the development of new apple varieties, or hobby orchards. Challenge students to try to list the top 10 apple varieties in the United States. These varieties are more likely to be familiar to your students in addition to other local varieties.\n- Ask students if they know how these different apple varieties became available.\n- Ask your students to use their understanding of heredity and genetics to explain how apple varieties could be developed. Use student responses to transition to Activity 1.\nThis lesson investigates the phenomenon of apple taste along with other observed apple characteristics. Natural phenomena are observable events that occur in the universe that we can use our science knowledge to explain or predict.\nPhenomenon-Based Episode: What makes apple varieties different?\nDisciplinary Core Ideas: Growth and Development of Organisms\nNational Agricultural Literacy Outcome Theme: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math\n|Question||Science and Engineering Practices||Student Engagement in Practices||Explanation|\n||Students carry out investigations to compare the Braeburn, Royal Gala, and Jazz apples. Students ask and refine questions that lead to descriptions and explanations about the different traits found in apples such as color, taste, texture, and size.||The traits found in apple varieties are determined by their genetic makeup, or genotype. Heritable traits are passed from parent to offspring.|\n||Students use science to ask and refine questions that lead to explanations about the process of selectively breeding apples to produce new apple varieties with desirable traits.||Apple breeders cross pollinate the flowers of specific apple varieties (sexual propagation) and then plant the seeds to obtain a tree and apples genetically different than the parent trees. It takes hundreds or even thousands of crosses, to find the desirable result.|\n||Students can use science to explain that forms of asexual propagation produce genetically identical offspring.||In contrast to apple breeders, apple farmers use grafting to produce new apple trees. This form of asexual plant propagation allows the genetics of each variety of apple to be exact clones, therefore producing a consistent crop of apples for consumers.|\nActivity 1: Apple Genetics - Making them Different (Episode Questions 1 and 2)\n- Give each student one copy of the Apple Genetics worksheet. Divide the class into small groups of students (2-4).\n- Give each group of students the following supplies:\n- 1 paper plate (this will be the cutting board as well as an area to keep the apples)\n- 1 Braeburn Apple\n- 1 Royal Gala Apple (Note: DO NOT hand out the Jazz apple yet).\n- 1 knife (or pre-slice apples)\n- Have students draw a line down the center of their paper plate and label each side with \"Gala\" or \"Braeburn.\" The apples will look similar, so it will be important to avoid confusing the two apples.\n- Have students complete \"Part 1\" and \"Part 2\" of the worksheet and then stop.\n- Project the Apple Genetics PowerPoint for students to see. Using slide 2, hold a brief class discussion about the traits they have observed in the apples so far. Draw on the student's prior knowledge of heredity and genetics to conclude that each trait is an expression of its genotype.\n- Use slide 3 of the PowerPoint to review vocabulary if needed. Make sure students are familiar with the terms.\n- Have students complete \"Part 3\" of the worksheet to review the possible genotypes of the Gala and Braeburn apples. These genotypes can be found on the worksheet and slide 4-5 of the PowerPoint.\n- Once students have finished their Punnet squares, give each group of students a Jazz apple. Students will follow the same procedure and complete \"Part 4\" and \"Part 5\" of the worksheet.\n- Facilitate a class discussion about the 3 varieties of apple (slide 6). Reveal to the students that the Jazz apple is a cross between the Gala and Braeburn apple. Using slide 7, share a few more facts about the Jazz Apple.\n- Talk about the concept of crossbreeding and how it is used to produce better quality organisms (slide 8).\n- Explain that the Honeycrisp apple (slide 9) was also developed by crossbreeding, and is a competitor of the Jazz apple.\n- Summarize with students by connecting what they know about genetics with what they have learned about apples:\n- Genes determine genetic traits found in apples such as color, taste, and texture.\n- To develop a new, improved variety of apple, apple breeders cross pollinate apple varieties. This form of sexual reproduction results in an offspring (seed) that is genetically different from the parent trees.\n- Scientists use a knowledge of genetics and heredity to cross breed apples and produce new varieties of apples. The Jazz and Honeycrisp apples are examples.\nThree Dimensional Learning Proficiency: Crosscutting Concepts\nStudents engage in scientific investigation as they investigate and build models and theories about the natural world.\nStability and Change: For both designed and natural systems, conditions that affect stability and factors that control rates of change are critical elements to consider and understand.\nActivity 2: Apple Genetics - Keeping Them the Same (Episode Question 3)\n- Ask students if they have ever eaten Jelly Belly jelly beans. Have they ever eaten or heard of the Jelly Belly jelly beans that have \"bad\" flavors like toothpaste, stinkbug, or stinky socks? (Perhaps in the game Beanboozled.) While this may be a fun game or practical joke, have a discussion with your students about what they (as consumers) want in their food. Conclude that every time they purchase milk, meat, bread, vegetables... or an apple, they want it to taste consistently the same without surprises.\n- Students have just learned how new varieties of apples are created. Ask, \"How do apple farmers all across the nation grow specific varieties of apple that all taste and look the same? For example, how does a Granny Smith always taste like a Granny Smith and a Gala always taste like a Gala?\" Does a [Granny Smith] grown in one region of the country taste the same as a [Granny Smith] grown in another region of the country?\n- To discover the answer, show Apple - How Does it Grow?\n- From the video, students should recognize grafting as the answer to the question. Apple farmers do not grow trees from seed, they use a technique called grafting (slide 10).\n- Ask students, \"What is the genetic similarity of two trees grafted from the same source?\" (They are genetically identical clones. Therefore, every apple tree grafted from the same source will produce apples with the same genetic makeup.)\n- Summarize with students by connecting what they know about genetics with what they have just learned about apples:\n- Grafting, a form of asexual propagation is used by apple farmers to produce the apples we eat. It produces apples consistent to consumer expectations for each variety of apple by eliminating the genetic variability of sexual propagation methods.\nConcept Elaboration and Evaluation:\nAfter completing these activities, have students create a Venn Diagram to list both the similarities and differences found in sexual and asexual propagation methods. Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of each.\nPhenomena Episode Extensions:\nEffective phenomena-based instruction continues to evolve as students learn. New questions should arise throughout the learning process. The following questions may arise providing opportunity for other episodes in this storyline:\n- Why can other fruits and vegetables be propagated with sexual reproduction (seeds) and produce a consistent crop, but apples cannot?\n- What makes an apple (such as the Honeycrisp) crunchy?\n- How was the Opal apple selectively bred to not brown after it is cut?\n- How was the Arctic® apple genetically engineered to be non-browning?\nWe welcome your feedback! Please take a minute to tell us how to make this lesson better or to give us a few gold stars!\nShow the 4-minute video clip, Have We Engineered The Perfect Apple? to see the science behind the taste of the Honeycrisp apple.\nListen to the NPR podcast \"The Miracle Apple.\"\nIf cut apples are in the room at the end of the lesson, ask students if they see any browning occurring. Discuss what causes this. Teach students about Arctic apples, a genetically modified apple which does not brown. Compare and contrast to the Opal apple, an apple variety selectively bred to be non-browning.\nSuggested Companion Resources\n- America's Heartland: Maine-ly Apples (Multimedia)\n- Have We Engineered the Perfect Apple? video (Multimedia)\n- How CRISPR Lets You Edit DNA (Multimedia)\n- How Mendel's Pea Plants Helped Us Understand Genetics (Multimedia)\n- Genetic Science Learning Center (Website)\n- Phenomenon (Website)\nAgricultural Literacy Outcomes\nScience, Technology, Engineering & Math\n- Describe how biological processes influence and are leveraged in agricultural production and processing (e.g., photosynthesis, fermentation, cell division, heredity/genetics, nitrogen fixation) (T4.6-8.b)\n- Provide examples of science and technology used in agricultural systems (e.g., GPS, artificial insemination, biotechnology, soil testing, ethanol production, etc.); explain how they meet our basic needs, and detail their social, economic, and environmental impacts (T4.6-8.i)\nEducation Content Standards\nBiotechnology Systems Career Pathway\nBS.03.04Apply biotechnology principles, techniques and processes to enhance plant and animal care and production (e.g., selective breeding, pharmaceuticals, biodiversity, etc.).\nMS-LS4 Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity\nMS-LS4-4Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.\nMS-LS4-5Gather and synthesize information about technologies that have changed the way humans influence the inheritance of desired traits in organisms.\nMS-PS1: Matter and Its Interactions\nMS-PS1-2Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.\nCommon Core Connections\nReading: Anchor Standards\nCCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.7Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.\nMathematics: Practice Standards\nCCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP2Reason abstractly and quantitatively. Students make sense of quantities and their relationships in problem situations. They bring two complementary abilities to bear on problems involving quantitative relationships: the ability to decontextualize—to abstract a given situation and represent it symbolically and manipulate the representing symbols as if they have a life of their own, without necessarily attending to their referents—and the ability to contextualize, to pause as needed during the manipulation process in order to probe into the referents for the symbols involved. Quantitative reasoning entails habits of creating a coherent representation of the problem at hand; considering the units involved; attending to the meaning of quantities, not just how to compute them; and knowing and flexibly using different properties of operations and objects.\nCCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP4Model with mathematics. Students can apply the mathematics they know to solve problems arising in everyday life, society, and the workplace. Students who can apply what they know are comfortable making assumptions and approximations to simplify a complicated situation, realizing that these may need revision later. They are able to identify important quantities in a practical situation and map their relationships using such tools as diagrams, two-way tables, graphs, flowcharts and formulas. They can analyze those relationships mathematically to draw conclusions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://crosscreekclinic.com/puppy-plans/contacts-1/", "date": "2023-10-01T17:37:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510924.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20231001173415-20231001203415-00622.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9823713302612305, "token_count": 170, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__90830635", "lang": "en", "text": "Puppies are born with some immunity from their mothers to common viruses (Distemper, Parvo, Hepatitis, Parainfluenza, and Rabies) that can be deadly. Unfortunately, this borrowed immunity which helps the puppy fight off the viruses, only lasts a few months of their lives. To protect the pups, it is important to administer vaccines so they create their own immunity, preferably before the immunity they acquire from their mothers, through nursing, wears off. Some vaccines require repeated dosing. For puppies, the vaccines are often repeated every three weeks, starting as early as six weeks old and concluding at 16 (or older) weeks of age. The rabies vaccine is the exception and is given only once, often at 16 weeks of age. All vaccines are periodically boosted throughout their lifetime to keep their immunity strong.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.wefishcanada.ca/fresh-water-fish-species/", "date": "2023-02-01T16:40:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499946.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230201144459-20230201174459-00437.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9339839220046997, "token_count": 8193, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__223884794", "lang": "en", "text": "2 / TROUT AND CHAR 2\nTrout and char are fish that have elongated bodies and that swim in clear, cool and well-oxygenated waters of Ontario and Quebec. They can cross-breed at times. This hybridization is common in lakes where many species are present. Trout and char have an adipose fin like other salmonidae (fin between the dorsal fin and tail).\nThe cross between lake trout and brook trout for example produces a hybrid called “splake” or “wendigo”. The lower fins on the brook trout have a white border which can also be found on the splake. The colors of this trout/char can range from pale to vivid during the breeding season. The tail is almost square (squaretails in English). This species is fertile unlike most hybrids. These fish prefer warmer waters than where lake trout are found.\nBoth trout and char are present in Quebec and Ontario and both have a significant value in terms of sports fishing, commercial and recreational fishing. They can be found in the Ontario great lakes. Their flesh is excellent and their colour varies from white/pink to orange/red depending on their diet and depending on the different species. The flesh of lake trout is generally paler than that of the other species.\nFemale trout and char are generally larger than their male counterparts (sexual dimorphism) but the colors of the male fish are generally more pronounced than those of female fish.\n2.1 / RAINBOW TROUT\nScientific Name: Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmonidea Family\nCommon Names: Stealhead (anadromous rainbow trout), rainbow trout\nCanadian Record: 40.68 lbs.\nOntario Record: 40.68 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 13 lbs.\nPreferred Temperature: (min and max): 11 to 26 degrees C/52 to 79 degrees F\nOptimal Temperature: 16 degrees C/61 degree F\nHabitat: Rainbow trout frequent many diverse habitats. Indeed, this species has been introduced in many different habitats around the world. In rivers, they will be found in areas that have moderate current and a rocky, gravelly bottom. They can also be found in rivers that have falls, rapids and deep pools of water. In lakes, rainbow trout can be found at different depths (Great Lakes). Adults that live in lakes however must have access to streams or rivers in order to spawn and survive.\nReproduction: Breeding takes place during spring time from mid-April to late June, when the water temperature is around 10-15 degrees C (50-60 degree F). Sexual maturity is reached at adulthood, between ages 3 to 5 years. They can breed during the day as well as at night. Adults living in lakes will return to the rivers to spawn. The preferred or ideal spawning beds for rainbow trout are in rapids upstream from a deep pool of water and these would have a gravel bed. The female builds its nest by laying on its side and sweeping the bottom of the river with its tail. She will lay her eggs in it.\nAfter spawning and fertilization, the female will cover the eggs to protect them from predators. Hatching will occur a few weeks later (4 to 7 weeks) and the fry will begin to feed on zooplankton at around 2 weeks old. Adult rainbow trout return to their lake or river of origin at the end of the breeding season. Anadromous trout (Steelhead) may at times travel to the rivers a few months prior to breeding season and can remain there for a few months post-breeding season. The life expectancy of a rainbow trout will vary depending on its habitat, food availability and geographic location and can range between a few years to a decade.\nDiet: The rainbow trout usually feeds on insects, mollusks, crustaceans, invertebrates, worms, leeches, fish eggs or small fish, etc…\nFishing Techniques: Casting, trolling, jig, fly.\n2.2 / BROWN TROUT\nScientific Name: Salmo Trutta, Salmonidae Family\nCommon Names: Brown, sea trout (anadromous), Fario or Brown trout (river)\nCanadian Record: 34.38 lbs.\nOntario Record: 34.38 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 16.5 lbs.\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 13 to 24 degrees C/55 to 75 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 18 degrees C/64 degrees F\nHabitat: The brown trout is native to Europe and was introduced in Canada in 1890 in the province of Quebec. It is presently found mainly in Ontario and the Great Lakes. This species prefers clear waters, cold and well oxygenated lakes and rivers. Anadromous brown trout is called sea trout. This species tolerates higher temperatures than other types of trout and char.\nReproduction: The breeding season extends from late fall to early winter, from mid-October to late December, depending on its geographical location and on the water temperature ( 7 to 9 degrees C/44 to 48 degrees F). Spawning areas are generally located in shallow lakes and rivers where the bed is covered with pebbles and gravel. The female will move the gravel or pebbles to a shallow nest in which she will deposit her eggs.\nThe male will fertilize the eggs with its milt and the female will cover the nest with pebbles. The protected eggs will hatch and emerge from the gravel in the spring after exhausting their vitelline reserve. Crossing the brown trout with brook trout provides a hybrid called “tiger trout”. The longevity of the brown trout is relatively short, generally about 8 years.\nDiet: Brown trout feed primarily on insects, crustaceans, mollusks, invertebrates, small fish, salamanders, frogs, worms, fish eggs, etc…\nFishing Techniques: Trolling, casting, jig, fly.\n2.3 / BROOK TROUT\nScientific Name: Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmonidae Family\nCommon Names: Brook trout, speckled trout, red trout, sea trout (anadromous)\nCanadian Record: 17.75 lbs.\nOntario Record: 14.5 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 11.6 lbs.\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 5 to 20 degrees C/42 to 68 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 14 degrees C/57 degrees F\nHabitat: The brook trout frequent cool, clear waters such as well oxygenated streams, lakes and rivers. They usually live in bodies of water where the temperature is below 20 degrees C (68 degrees F). The brook trout is a native species that can be found in many lakes in Ontario and Quebec. The habitat of brook trout during the spawning period is similar to that of brown trout and it is not uncommon to see the two species in the same bodies of water, although they compete directly against each other.\nReproduction: The brook trout will normally spawn during the day sometime between September and November in the most southern areas. However, it may spawn as early as August in northern Canada. This particular brook trout prefers a cooler temperature of about 10 degrees C (50 degrees F) in order to spawn.\nSpawning grounds are generally in shallow streams and rivers where adults swim upstream during the breeding period. The bottom is generally a gravel bed.\nThe female digs a nest in which she will lay her eggs during the day. She covers the eggs with gravel to protect them from predators until they hatch. Eggs that are not buried are subject to being snatched by predators as adults do not protect the nest or fry.\nThe eggs hatch in late winter, from 50 to 100 days after spawning. The fry remain in the gravel until they are able to swim and feed themselves. Until then, they will feed on their vitelline reserve and will emerge from the gravel nest the following spring.\nDiet: The brook trout feed primarily on small fish, larvae, insects, worms, leeches, crustaceans, molluscs, salamanders, small vertebrates, etc…Their diet is relatively varied depending on food availability. The growth of brook trout tends to be generally slower than other trout or char.\nFishing Techniques: Trolling, casting, jig, fly.\n2.4 / LAKE TROUT\nScientific Name: Salvelinus namaycush, Family Salmonidae\nCommon Names: Canadian Char, lake trout, grey trout, touladi\nCanadian Record: 72.25 lbs.\nOntario Record: 63.12 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 57.5 lbs.\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 3 to 11 degrees C/37 to 52 degrees F\nOptimum temperature: 7 degrees C/45 degrees F\nHabitat: Lake trout, like all trout and char, prefer lakes and rivers that have cold and clear waters and that are well oxygenated. They can live in shallow waters that have tundra bottoms or in deep pools in lakes and rivers, all depending on their geographical location. Lake trout are native to this area as are brook trout. You will find them in Quebec and in Ontario.\nLake trout are particularly fond of rocky or sandy habitats. Depending on the water temperature and the season, they can be comfortable in any layer of the same body of water. As ice melts, it can be fished near the surface of the water or within three meters of the surface (less than 10 feet). The warmer water temperatures can force them to descend as far as 30 meters (100 feet) during the summer.\nReproduction: Trout breed at night and during the fall season, from September to November depending on its latitude location. Spawning areas are usually shallow, ranging from 30 centimeters to 10 meters deep (1 foot to 30 feet). They prefer rocky, stony and gravelly surfaces to reproduce.\nSexual maturity is reached at around six or seven years in the south but up to twelve or thirteen years in the north. Lake trout lay their eggs between stones and pebbles lining the bottom of the water without making a nest. Eggs will remain here until they hatch and the fry will emerge the following spring. Adults do not protect the eggs or the fry.\nYoung trout migrate to deeper waters in order to protect themselves from predators. They will spend the first years of their lives feeding on plankton. The Canadian Char or lake trout can live up to 30 or 40 years depending on its geographical location.\nDiet: Their diet varies depending on size, the water in which they live in and the food that is available. The fry feed mainly on zooplankton, larvae, adult insects, small crustaceans, leeches and small fish (Cisco Lake, smelt, whitefish, and suckers, etc…). The lake trout is a formidable predator who does not hesitate to climb a few meters in order to capture its prey, while at other times they will sulk at every offering.\nFishing techniques: Trolling, casting, jigging, drop shot, fly.\n3 / PERCIDAE 3\nGeneral Description: The percidae species is highly coveted in both Ontario and Québec. The walleye is a fish of great commercial, recreational and sports value. The flaky white flesh of this type of fish is extremely tasty and very popular in Canada.\nFish from this family feed throughout the year and can be caught during the summer months or while ice fishing in winter. The walleye (or also called yellow pickerel) is a species that has a herd mentality and these fish are lucifugous. Their eyes are sensitive to light and it is for this reason that they prefer turbid waters (tea-coloured) or deep pools of clear water. Eating habits also vary with the light. This species is generally most active at dawn and at dusk, as well as when it is overcast, cloudy and windy.\nThe two species (walleye and sauger) often frequent the same habitat at the same time. The hybridization of the two species is also common. The longevity of the sauger is shorter than the walleye. The sauger will rarely live beyond 13 years while the walleye can live up to 26 years.\nFinally, walleye grow faster than a sauger. Females of both species are generally larger than the males.\n3.1 / WALLEYE\nScientific Name: Sander vitreus, Percidae Family\nCommon Names: Yellow Pickerel, Walleye\nCanadian Record: 22.25 lbs.\nOntario Record: 22.25 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 20 lbs.\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 5 to 27 degrees C/41 to 81 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 18 degrees C/65 degrees F\nHabitat: Walleye can be found in temperate waters of Quebec and Ontario. They particularly enjoy rocky, stony, sandy and grassy bottoms of lakes and rivers. Their eyes are sensitive to bright sunlight and they will therefore seek shelter to protect themselves. For example, they will not hesitate to swim down into deep pools in lakes and rivers where the light is not as bright. It is not uncommon to find this species at depths of 20 to 30 meters in very clear waters of the St. Lawrence River (60 to 90 feet).\nIn turbid waters, this walleye will often swim in shallow waters and will be more active during the day. The walleye is generally more active at dawn, dusk or before and during a storm.\nReproduction: Walleye spawn in the spring or early summer depending on the temperature of the water and its geographic location. The walleye usually spawns before the sauger. Males reach sexual maturity before the females.\nAdults migrate in large numbers to bodies of water that have rocky, stony, gravelly or sandy bottoms to reproduce. Falls, dams, gravel shoals with current are favorite spots for the reproduction of these species. Spawning areas are normally shallow.\nFemales lay the eggs at night and the males deposit their milt nearby in order to fertilize them. The eggs will fall into the rock or pebble cracks and are thereby protected from predators. Hatching occurs after 12 to 18 days and the fry quickly disperse 10 to 15 days later. They will remain in the upper layer of open water near the banks so as to avoid predators.\nDiet: The walleye feed primarily on invertebrates at a young age and small fish, insects, worms, leeches, etc…until they reach adulthood. They usually hunt in schools although larger specimens may travel alone. Walleye hunt preferably in the morning and evening, but can feed all day in turbid waters.\nFishing Techniques: Trolling, casting, jig, drop shot, fly.\n3.2 / SAUGER\nScientific Name: Stizostedion canadense, Percidae Family\nCanadian Record: 7.75 lbs.\nOntario Record: 4.40 lbs.\nQuebec Record: (Not available)\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 5 to 27 degree C/41 to 81 degree F\nOptimal temperature: 16 degrees C/61 degrees F\nHabitat: Sauger fish frequent the same kind of habitat as the walleye. Their eyes, however, are even more sensitive to light. We therefore find them at greater water depths.\nReproduction: The sauger spawn during spring usually in May and June when the water reaches temperatures ranging from 8 to 11 degrees C (46-52 F). Males reach sexual maturity before females.\nSpawning areas are usually near a shallow bank. The female lays her eggs at night on a bed of gravel to protect the eggs from predators. Parents do not protect the eggs or the fry.\nDiet: The Sauger feeds mainly on small fish, aquatic insect larvae, leeches and crayfish. They usually hunt in schools and often find themselves in the company of the walleye.\nFishing Techniques: Trolling, casting, jigging, drop shot.\n3.3 / PERCH\nScientific Name: Perca Flavescens, Percidae Family\nCommon Names: Perch, Yellow Perch\nCanadian Record: 2.97 lbs.\nOntario Record: 2.42 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 2.5 lbs. (unregistered)\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 14 to 24 degrees C/58 to 75 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 20 degrees C/68 degrees F\nHabitat: The yellow perch is a fish that lives in temperate waters of lakes and rivers that have medium to dense vegetation. They particularly like the clear waters with muddy, sandy and gravelly bottoms. Perch is present in Ontario and Quebec. It is very popular on the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes and is now subject to regulation in order to protect the species. This species, like the walleye, is gregarious and lives within a school of fish. The same habitat can therefore accommodate several dozens or hundreds of fish.\nReproduction: Perch usually spawn in the spring from mid-April to late May, depending on its geographical location. Perch ready to spawn move towards shallow areas of lakes and rivers to lay the eggs during the night or early morning. The bottom is generally made up of gravel sand and interspersed with vegetation roots, brush and submerged trees.\nA female can lay eggs in the shape of long strings. These can reach up to 2 meters in length. The eggs will stick to the vegetation until the fry hatches 8 to 10 days later. The fry remain inactive for a period of 5 days and feed from their vitelline reserve. Fry often remains together until adulthood.\nDiet: Perch feed primarily on zooplankton early in life and change their diet to include larger prey during growth. Small fish, crayfish and other invertebrates, larvae, insects, worms, eggs … will form an integral part of its diet. Perch feed actively throughout the year and can be caught during the summer or when ice fishing in the winter.\nFishing Techniques: Casting, bobber, jigging, drop shot\n4 / ESOCIDAE 4\nGeneral Description: The pike and muskellunge both belong to the family of esocidae. The hybridization of these two species is possible. The female esocidae is usually larger (sexual dimorphism) and lives longer than the male. Muskellunge grow generally faster than pike. They can also live more than 30 years whereas the pike’s longevity rarely exceeds 25 years.\nThe Esocidae fish are a solitary and sedentary species that attack their prey by surprise. Their bodies are slender and unsuited for lengthy pursuits. The attacks are usually abrupt, short and direct.\nThe Esocidae fish are very combative and are overwhelmingly popular amongst anglers and sportsmen. Muskellunge are also subject to strict regulations in Ontario and in Quebec. The flaky white fish of the esocidae is very popular but the recent trend favors returning these back to the water after a catch. Each fish filet has a row of bones in the shape of a Y which can be easily removed when cleaning the fish.\n4.1 / MUSKELLUNGE\nScientific Name: Esox masquinongy, Family Esocidae\nCommon Names: freshwater shark, muskellunge\nCanadian Record: 65 lbs.\nOntario Record: 65 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 54 lbs.\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 10 to 26 degrees C/50 to 80 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 19 degrees C/66 degrees F\nHabitat: You will find muskellunge in shallow waters that are rich in vegetation in the rivers and lakes of Ontario and Quebec (pond weed, water lilies, rushes, etc.). They often inhabit the same areas as the pike do. However, large muskies generally prefer warmer waters than large pike.\nReproduction: The muskellunge spawn during the day, usually after the pike, in late spring and early summer when the water temperature varies between 9.5 and 15 degrees C (50 to 60 degrees F). In the shallow grassy banks of the spawning beds, you can find a female with one or two males.\nThe female is usually larger than the male. Eggs are deposited randomly on the vegetation and adults do not provide any protection for the fry. Hatching occurs 1 to 2 weeks after spawning.\nDiet: Like the pike, muskellunge prefer larger sized prey. They feed mainly on fish but may, on occasion, feed on small vertebrates, amphibians, crayfish, rodents, young waterfowl…\nFishing techniques: Trolling, casting, jigging, fly\n4.2 / NORTHERN PIKE\nScientific name: Esox Lucius, Esocidae Family\nCommon Names: Northern pike, pike, freshwater shark\nCanadian Record: 45.9 lbs.\nOntario Record: 42.12 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 45.9 lbs.\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 5 to 30 degrees C/41 to 86 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 21 degrees C/70 degrees F\nHabitat: Pike prefer shallow lakes, rivers and streams that have dense vegetation and that have temperate water. Their geographic location covers both the province of Quebec and Ontario.\nThe adult pike stays close to the spawning beds and it is common to find several specimens in the same habitat. The larger pike prefer temperatures between 10 and 12.5 degrees C (50 to 55 degrees F) and it is not uncommon to catch one at a depth of more than 10 meters deep during the summer.\nReproduction: Spawning begins in the spring or when the ice melts in Quebec and Ontario. Water temperature is then between 5 and 7.5 degrees C (40 to 45 F). They will choose banks that are densely populated with vegetation or bays in various lakes and rivers.\nThe female lays her eggs in the vegetation. Eggs will stick to the vegetation until the birth of the fry, from 12 to 14 days later. The fry will remain idle for 6 – 10 days living on their reserves. Fry stay in the shallow waters of the spawning ground for several weeks and will not be protected by their parents. The fry will feed on zooplankton, insects and eventually small fish when they reach 5 cm in size. Pike can live up to 25 years in northern waters.\nDiet: The pike is an opportunistic species that easily captures any kind of prey. Small fish, crayfish, small vertebrates, amphibians, rodents, etc…are part of their diet. Cannibalism is not uncommon in the pike species. Like the Muskellunge, adult pike prefer larger prey.\nThis fish will stay on the lookout near the edge of weeds, tree trunks or stumps, lilies and will attack its prey by surprise. They prefer to hunt alone and are rather territorial. It is not uncommon to catch several pike in the same spot if the habitat is ideal. Pike grow generally very quickly as they can reach a length of 30 cm in the first year and 50 cm in the second.\nFishing Techniques: Trolling, casting, jigging, fly, drop shot.\n5 / CENTRARCHIDAE 5\nGeneral Description: Centrarchidae have six species of fish, namely bass, crappie, sunfish and bluegill. The largemouth and smallmouth bass are two species of bass that can be found in freshwaters of Ontario and Quebec. The geographic locations for both species of bass are generally the same in Canada. However, the smallmouth bass is found more abundantly further north than its counterpart largemouth bass that live in warmer waters of Quebec and Ontario. Both species often frequent the same waters, but different habitats.\nThe body of a bass is stocky and strong. The body of the smallmouth is generally striped while that of the largemouth bass has a dark lateral band. The largemouth bass has a more greenish appearance whereas the smallmouth appears mostly brown. The mouth of the largemouth bass extends backward beyond the eye of the fish. Another distinction between the two is that the two dorsal fins are connected on the smallmouth bass while these are almost completely separated on the largemouth bass. Both species can reach similar sizes at adulthood in Ontario and Quebec.\nBass is a combative fish that will not hesitate to jump out of the water and shake its mouth wide open in order to free itself. The bass is an important species for both commercial, recreational and sports fishing. The flesh of the bass is of high quality, it has a white and flaky appearance and texture. The flesh of the smallmouth bass is generally less oily and preferred by many.\nCrappies, sunfish and bluegill are the smallest carnivorous fish of the centrarchidae family. They are especially popular with young anglers in Ontario and Quebec. These species usually measure 15 to 25 inches at adulthood. Crappies, sunfish and bluegills are active throughout the year and can also be caught during the winter (ice fishing). The flesh of the fish is mild and delicious and is particularly appreciated by fishermen in the spring when fishing season has not yet opened for other game fish species.\n5.1 / SMALLMOUTH BASS\nScientific Name: Micropterus Dolomieu, Centrarchidae Family\nCommon Names: Smallmouth, black bass\nCanadian Record: 9.84 lbs.\nOntario Record: 9.84 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 8.8 lbs.\nPreferred temperature (min and max): 10 to 26 degrees C/50 to 79 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 20 degrees C/68 degrees F\nHabitat: The smallmouth bass prefers a habitat that is more rocky and sandy than its counterpart the largemouth bass, which prefers waters with dense vegetation. This bass likes pebbled bottoms that are able to hide its favorite food, crayfish. On the St. Lawrence River, the smallmouth bass is particularly fond of shallow waters covered with zebra mussels and that are heavily populated by gobies.\nThe smallmouth bass is more sensitive to heat than the largemouth and will not hesitate to reach depths of 10 meters or more (30 feet of more) to reach its comfort zone.\nReproduction: The smallmouth bass spawn late in the spring and early summer as do largemouth bass. The spawning beds can be busy from late May to early July depending on the water temperature. Females mature after the males.\nThe male prepares a nest at a depth ranging from a few dozen centimeters to 6 meters (2 to 20 feet) on a sandy and gravelly bottom. The female lays her eggs in a nest that is vigorously guarded by the male. The male will remain on or near the nest until the fry hatch a few days later (4 to 10 days). The female may also breed with several males by making several nests.\nAfter hatching, the fry measure 5.6 to 5.9 mm in length and feed on plankton at the beginning of their lives. The fry leave the nest a few days later (app. 1 week) but they still remain guarded by the male for several days.\nDiet: Smallmouth bass generally feed on smaller prey than do largemouth bass. Its diet consists mainly of crayfish, small fish, small frogs, small rodents, worms, leeches, insects, etc…\nThis bass will not hesitate to jump out of the water to capture prey on the surface, especially at dawn and dusk. It will also use all depths of the water to hunt for food, looking for forage fish that are suspended and crayfish under rocks. During winter, smallmouth bass stay close to the bottom and are not active.\nFishing techniques: Casting, trolling, jigging, drop shot, Texas rig fishing or “Carolina rig fishing”, fly.\n5.2 / LARGEMOUTH BASS\nScientific Name: Micropterus salmoides, Centrarchidae Family\nCommon Names: Black Bass, Green Bass, largemouth bass\nCanadian record: 10.48 lbs.\nOntario record: 10.43 lbs.\nQuebec Record: 6.9 lbs.\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 13 to 29 degrees C/55 to 84 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 22 degrees C/72 degrees F\nHabitat: Largemouth bass usually swim within the upper warmer waters of lakes and rivers and shallow bays. They can usually be found at depths of less than six or seven meters (20 feet) even during the summer. This bass will normally stay in areas that have dense vegetation (water lilies, submerged trees, stumps, submerged roots, cattails and other dense vegetation). The largemouth will not hesitate, however, to venture out and follow the schools of bait fish in open water.\nReproduction: The largemouth bass spawn in late spring and early summer when the water temperature varies between 17 and 20 degrees C (63 to 68 F). Males reach sexual maturity before females.\nSpawning areas are generally located in shallow bays that range in depth from a few dozen centimeters to more than one meter (1 to 4 ft.). The month of June is generally the most active time for spawning in Ontario and Quebec.\nThe female lays her eggs in a nest that the male has carefully prepared on a sandy, muddy and gravelly bottom or within vegetation. The size of the nest is variable and generally resembles a large plate at the bottom of the water ranging in size from 60 centimeters to one meter in diameter (2-3 feet). The female lays her eggs in the nest that will be fertilized by the male. Females may mate with more than one male and may make more than one nest. The male will protect the nest with fervor by circulating the water over the eggs until they hatch a few days later (3 to 5 days).\nThe male will be quick to attack any intruder who approaches the nest, including fishermen’s’ lures. Bass season is in fact closed during the breeding season for this very reason. The fry measuring 3 millimeters will remain near the male during the first week, benefitting from its protection. They also do not hesitate to take refuge in the mouth of the male in case of danger. The fry leave the nest about ten days later, but will remain for a month near the male.\nDiet: The diet of bass varies with its size and its growth. The fry feed on plankton and later on small insects and larvae during the growth period. During adulthood, bass feed primarily on crayfish, minnows, small frogs, small rodents, salamanders, worms, leeches, insects, etc…\nThe bass are able to feed with good eyesight and will not hesitate to pick up prey on the surface or on the bottom. It normally hunts near the edge of the body of water or near vegetation, but may also follow schools of bait fish that are farther offshore. The larger specimens may, however, be more solitary. It is possible to catch a few large specimens in an ideal habitat. The largemouth bass are less active during the winter months and will make fat reserves during the fall.\nFishing Techniques: Casting, trolling, jigging, drop shot, Texas rig fishing, Carolina Rig fishing, fly.\n5.3 / BLACK CRAPPIE\nScientific Name: Pomoxis nigromaculatus, Centrarchidae Family\nCommon Names: Calico, black crappie\nCanadian Record: (Not Available)\nOntario Record: 3.78 lbs.\nQuebec Record: (Not Available)\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 13 to 27 degrees C/55 to 80 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 21 to 24 degrees C/70 to 75 degrees F\nHabitat: The black crappie is found in lakes and rivers with medium to dense vegetation, in Ontario and Quebec. It prefers clear waters but it can also be found elsewhere if the water is not too turbid. This species is gregarious and it is not uncommon to find schools of dozens or hundreds of fish.\nReproduction: The crappie species spawn in late spring and early summer (May to July depending on its geographic location) when the water varies between 17 and 18.5 degrees C (62 to 65 F). Spawning areas are usually shallow and located on sandy, gravelly or muddy bottoms.\nThe male builds a nest in a colony in which the female will lay her eggs. The hatching will occur 3 to 5 days thereafter. The female may mate with more than one male and make more than one nest. The male will guard the nest and the fry after hatching occurs. Black crappie can live up to ten years.\nDiet: They feed mainly on plankton and larvae until they reach 15 cm in length. They consume small fish, larvae, insects, worms and eggs when they have reached adulthood.\nFishing techniques: casting, bobber, drop shot, small jigs, small tubes.\n5.4 / ROCK BASS\nScientific Name: Ambloplites rupestris, Centrarchidae\nCommon Names: Red eye bluegill, rock bass\nCanadian Record: 3 lbs.\nOntario Record: 3 lbs.\nQuebec Record: (not available)\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 13 to 27 degrees C/55 to 80 degrees F\nOptimal temperature: 20 to 23 degrees C/69 to 74 degrees F\nHabitat: Rock bass are found mostly in clear water lakes and rivers that have a rocky, gravelly or pebbled bottom and which have medium to dense vegetation, in Ontario and Quebec. Rock bass is also a gregarious species and can often be found in the company of other bass or sunfish.\nReproduction: Rock bass spawn in the spring or in early summer (June and July) when the water temperature is around 20 degrees C (68F). The male builds a nest shaped like a saucer in shallow waters on a sandy or pebbled bottom. The female will lay her eggs and many different fish can lay eggs in the same nest.\nThe male will guard the nest after the eggs are fertilized. The hatching will occur 3 to 4 days later. The male will also protect the fry after hatching. Rock bass can live up to 10 years.\nDiet: The rock bass feed primarily on small fish, crayfish, grubs, insects, worms, eggs, etc…\nFishing techniques: casting, bobber, small jigs, drop shot, small tubes.\n5.5 / PUMPKINSEED\nScientific Name: Lepomis gibbosus. Centrarchidae Family\nCommon Names: Sunfish, pumpkinseed\nCanadian Record: 1 lb.\nOntario Record: 1 lb.\nQuebec Record: (not available)\nPreferred temperatures (min and max): 10 to 27 degrees C/55 to 80 degrees F\nHabitat: This sunfish also prefers clear waters that have dense vegetation. You can find them in both Ontario and Quebec. This species is gregarious and is often found in small schools of fish. They prefer, however, cooler water than other sunfish species.\nReproduction: This sunfish breeds in the spring and early summer (June-August). Spawning beds are generally found in shallow water on a sandy, gravelly or muddy bottom near aquatic vegetation.\nThe male builds a nest in which the female will lay her eggs. Hatching will occur three days later. Males will protect the eggs and then the fry after hatching. Many individual fish may spawn in the same nest repeatedly.\nDiet: The sunfish feed primarily on small fish, small crustaceans, larvae, insects, eggs, etc.\nFishing techniques: casting, bobber, small jigs, drop shot, small tubes.\n5.6 / BLUEGILL\nScientific Name: Lepomis macrochirus, Centrarchiae Family\nCommon Names: Bluegill\nCanadian Record: (not available)\nOntario Record: 1.83 lbs.\nQuebec Record: (not available)\nPreferred temperatures: (min and max) 13 to 27 degrees C/55 to 80 degrees F\nHabitat: Common bluegill generally prefers clear waters and dense vegetation, but at times can be found in slightly brackish waters. Bluegill is the most abundant of all panfish in Canada and is present in Ontario and Quebec lakes and rivers.\nThis species is also gregarious and is often found in small schools of individuals. It will gather in colonies in shallow waters during the winter.\nReproduction: The bluegill breed in the springtime and early summer (June-August). Spawning grounds are generally located in shallow water with a gravelly, sandy or muddy bottom.\nThe male will build a nest in which the female will lay eggs. The same nest may be used for the coupling of several males and females. The hatching occurs within 3 to 5 days. Males will protect the eggs and fry.\nDiet: The bluegill feed primarily on small fish, small crustaceans, larvae, insects, eggs…when they reach adult age.\nFishing Techniques: Casting, small Jigs, bobber, drop shot, small tubes.\n1 Salmonidae: For further information about this species and the specific regulations that affect them in Ontario and Quebec, consult the following sites: Ministry of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ministry of Natural Resources of Ontario, Le Ministère des forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs.\n2 Trout and Char: For further information about this species and the specific regulations that affect them in Ontario and Quebec, consult the following sites: Ministry of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ministry of Natural Resources of Ontario, Le Ministère des forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs.\n3 Percidae: For further information about this species and the specific regulations that affect them in Ontario and Quebec, consult the following sites: Ministry of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ministry of Natural Resources of Ontario, Le Ministère des forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs.\n4 Esocidae: For further information about this species and the specific regulations that affect them in Ontario and Quebec, consult the following sites: Ministry of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ministry of Natural Resources of Ontario, Le Ministère des forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs.\n5 Centrarchidae: For further information about this species and the specific regulations that affect them in Ontario and Quebec, consult the following sites: Ministry of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ministry of Natural Resources of Ontario, Le Ministère des forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.vasttherapeutics.com/nitric-oxide.html", "date": "2021-05-15T07:27:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991378.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20210515070344-20210515100344-00142.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9479056596755981, "token_count": 208, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__126140247", "lang": "en", "text": "Nitric oxide is an endogenously produced free radical released by cells as part of the innate immune response to pathogens. Nitric oxide is a unique alternative to antibiotics because it has unparalleled broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity compared to existing drugs. Furthermore, nitric oxide kills bacteria via multiple mechanisms, including nitrosative and oxidative stresses that damage DNA, lipid membranes, proteins, and iron-sulfur clusters.\nVast is developing nitric oxide “donor rich” compounds that can be deployed on demand through our proprietary inhaled formulations to target a broad range of severe respiratory infections.\nThe Vast nitric oxide technology holds the potential to become the ultimate therapeutic for treating pathogenic infections.\nThe company has broad, worldwide patent rights including an exclusive license to four issued patents and pending patent applications as well as its own pending patent applications. The issued patents cover multiple nitric oxide-releasing compounds and their pharmaceutical formulations. In addition, the pending patent applications cover additional nitric oxide related materials and uses.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.drbronner.de/cms-en/about/our-earth/regenerative-organic-agriculture/", "date": "2021-06-24T00:29:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488544264.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210623225535-20210624015535-00319.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9015915393829346, "token_count": 463, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__149170084", "lang": "en", "text": "Regenerative Organic Agriculture:\nOur path to climate positivity\nWe at Dr. Bronner’s produce natural cosmetics from regeneratively grown and Fair Trade as well as organic certified raw materials. In this way, we make a positive contribution within our value chain for our earth & the climate as well as for smallholder farmers & their communities.\nIntensive conventional agriculture causes almost one quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions, making it one of the main drivers of climate change. We know that it can be done differently, and that the agricultural system can be transformed from a problem into a solution. That’s why we have set out to grow our raw materials according to principles of regenerative organic agriculture, thereby improving the health of soils and plants.\nHealthy soils enable higher yields for smallholder farmers without requiring the use of agrochemicals, in addition to permanently absorbing excess carbon (CO2) from the atmosphere.\nOur journey to a humane and sustainable value chain began in 2005 with the shift to certified organic and Fair Trade raw materials. We want to know exactly by whom and under what conditions they are grown. That’s why we produce our most important agricultural raw materials in close cooperation with smallholder farmers around the world, either in our own production or with partner projects.\nIn 2010, we began to grow our most important raw materials additionally according to the principles of regenerative organic farming:\n1. SOIL HEALTH\n- Use of compost & mulching helps build humus and eliminates the need for synthetic fertilizers & pesticides\n- Cover crops sequester CO2 in the soil, turn nitrogen into soil fertilizer, and reduce erosion & weeds\n- Mixed forests with field & tree plants increase biodiversity\n- Minimal tillage protects soil life (e. g. roots, fungi) and prevents evaporation of water & release of carbon\n2. SOCIAL FAIRNESS\n- Fair prices & living wages strengthen economic stability of smallholder farmers and their communities\n- Safe working conditions and long-term business relationships facilitate collaboration based on trust\n3. ANIMAL WELFARE\n- Holistic grazing: animals return nutrient-rich manure to soil & systematically rotate to allow pastures to recover\n- No factory farming to allow natural behaviors to occur", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://iics.fudan.edu.cn/5c/0b/c33344a482315/page.htm", "date": "2024-04-17T08:03:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817146.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417075330-20240417105330-00041.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7669830322265625, "token_count": 741, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__154367501", "lang": "en", "text": "题目：The fundamental benefits of multiplexity in ecological networks\n摘要：A tipping point presents perhaps the single most significant threat to an ecological system as it can lead to abrupt species extinction on a massive scale. Climate changes leading to the species decay parameter drifts can drive various ecological systems towards a tipping point. We investigate the tipping-point dynamics in multi-layer ecological networks supported by mutualism. We unveil a natural mechanism by which the occurrence of tipping points can be delayed by multiplexity that broadly describes the diversity of the species abundances, the complexity of the interspecific relationships, and the topology of linkages in ecological networks. For a double-layer system of pollinators and plants, coupling between the network layers occurs when there is dispersal of pollinator species. Multiplexity emerges as the dispersing species establish their presence in the destination layer and have a simultaneous presence in both. We demonstrate that the new mutualistic links induced by the dispersing species with the residence species have fundamental benefits to the wellbeing of the ecosystem in delaying the tipping point and facilitating species recovery. Articulating and implementing control mechanisms to induce multiplexity can thus help sustain certain types of ecosystems that are in danger of extinction as the result of environmental changes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://friendsofvalledeoro.org/event/field-murals-and-poetry-at-valle-de-oro-national-wildlife-refuge/", "date": "2020-07-16T04:52:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657181335.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20200716021527-20200716051527-00460.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8941680788993835, "token_count": 364, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__152882520", "lang": "en", "text": "- This event has passed.\nField Murals and Poetry at Valle de Oro National Wildlife Refuge – Saturday, October 19th\nOctober 19, 2019 @ 2:00 pm - 4:00 pm\nField Murals and Poetry at the Refuge\nSaturday October 19th\n2:00 – 4:00 pm\nValle de Oro National Wildlife Refuge\n7851 2nd St. SW, Albuquerque, NM 87105\nVisit the Facebook Event for More Information.\nJoin artists Francesca Searer, Nani Chacon, Erin De Rosa, Jessica Chao, and Helen Greenfeather English for a tour of Valle de Oro Wildlife Refuge Field Murals, followed by a poetry walk through the Bosque with Albuquerque Poet Laureate Michelle Otero and Amaris Ketchum, who has done a poetic inventory analogous to a “scientific inventory” of the Rio Grande’s biodiversity.\nThe field murals are a collaborative art project sponsored by the Bernalillo County Public Art Program. Each of the murals represent different ecosystems/habitats being developed throughout the Refuge, showcasing the future of the land through artistic interpretations of the flora and fauna that will consider these sites home. The tour departs the Refuge parking lot at 2pm to caravan through the fields and then participants can park by the Bosque for the poetry walk to the river.\n516 ARTS and partners present Species in Peril Along the Rio Grande, an exhibition and series of regional public programs responding to the global biological crisis described in the new UN Report that officially state that nature’s dangerous decline is “unprecedented,” and species extinction rates are accelerating at\nan alarming pace.\nFor more information about the exhibition and events happening throughout the region, Click HERE", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.buycustomassignment.com/9-does-the-environment-have-an-influence-on-the-phenotype/", "date": "2017-09-26T21:44:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818696696.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20170926212817-20170926232817-00023.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9494100213050842, "token_count": 239, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__125210675", "lang": "en", "text": "A phenotype may be altered (compared to the original situation conditioned by its genotype) by nongenetic means. Examples: some hormones may cease to be secreted due to diseases, whereas the genes that determine their secretion remain intact; a person can go to a hairdresser and change the color of his/her hair; plastic surgery can be performed to alter the facial features of an individual; colored contact lenses may be worn; and a plant can grow beyond its genetically conditioned size through the application of phytohormones.\nThe effect of environmental influences on phenotypes can be observed in monozygotic twins who have grown up in different places. Generally, these twins present very distinct phenotypical features due to the environmental and cultural differences of the places where they lived and due to their different individual experiences in life.\n(Biologically programmed phenotypical changes, such as nonpathological changes in skin color caused by sunlight exposure, tanning, or the variation of the color of some flowers depending on the pH of the soil cannot be considered independent from the genotype. In reality, these changes are planned by the genotype as natural adaptations to environmental changes.)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://personalbestgb.com/from-rainforests-to-your-table-unveiling-the-journey-of-malaysias-finest-honey/", "date": "2023-12-04T08:49:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100527.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204083733-20231204113733-00134.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9052364826202393, "token_count": 787, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__97923514", "lang": "en", "text": "Welcome to the enchanting world of Malaysia’s finest honey, where nature’s golden nectar takes you on a journey from the lush rainforests right to your table. Brace yourself for an extraordinary adventure as we unveil the secrets behind this delectable treat and delve into the remarkable process that goes into its creation.\nImagine standing amidst towering trees, with sunlight filtering through a canopy of leaves and the sweet melody of buzzing bees filling the air. It is in these untouched rainforests that some of the world’s most exquisite honey is born. These magical habitats provide an ideal environment for bees to thrive and produce honey like no other.\nJoin us as we explore how these majestic rainforests play a vital role in crafting high-quality honey, and discover why Malaysia Honey has become renowned for its exceptional beekeeping practices. Buckle up, because this journey promises to be nothing short of fascinating!\nThe Importance of Rainforests in Producing High-Quality Honey\nNestled within Malaysia’s rich and biodiverse rainforests lies the secret to producing high-quality honey. These pristine ecosystems offer a treasure trove of floral diversity, providing bees with an abundant source of nectar from a wide variety of flowers.\nThe intricate web of life in these rainforests ensures that bees have access to a constant supply of nectar throughout the year. From vibrant orchids to exotic durian blossoms, each flower imparts its unique flavor profile into the honey, resulting in a symphony of tastes that tantalize our taste buds.\nMoreover, the untouched nature of these rainforests means that no pesticides or chemicals interfere with the natural process. Bees can gather nectar freely without exposure to harmful substances, allowing for pure and unadulterated honey production.\nBeyond their role as providers for bees, rainforests also contribute significantly to maintaining global biodiversity. By supporting healthy bee populations, these ecosystems facilitate pollination and seed dispersal for countless plant species. In essence, they are key players in sustaining not only honey production but also overall ecosystem resilience.\nAs we indulge in Malaysia’s finest honey, let us take a moment to appreciate the crucial role played by rainforests – guardians of nature’s delicate balance – ensuring that every spoonful is imbued with unparalleled taste and quality.\nThe Process of Harvesting and Extracting Honey in Malaysia\nThe process of harvesting and extracting honey in Malaysia is a meticulous one, carried out with great care to ensure the highest quality product reaches your table. It all begins with the skilled beekeepers venturing into the rainforests, where they set up hives in strategic locations amidst an abundance of nectar-rich flowers.\nOnce the bees have diligently collected their precious cargo, it’s time for the extraction process to begin. The beekeepers carefully remove frames filled with honeycombs from the hives without disturbing or harming the bees. These frames are then transported back to processing facilities.\nAt the processing facilities, each frame is uncapped using a special knife or scraper. This allows access to the sweet golden liquid within. Once uncapped, frames are placed in centrifugal extractors that use centrifugal force to spin out every last drop of honey from comb cells.\nAfter extraction, raw honey is typically filtered through mesh screens or sieves to remove any impurities such as wax particles and bee debris while retaining its natural nutrients and enzymes. It’s poured into jars or bottles ready for packaging and distribution.\nBy following this careful process from hive to bottle, Malaysian honey producers ensure that you receive nothing but pure, unadulterated goodness on your table – straight from our lush rainforests! So next time you savor a spoonful of Malaysian honey, remember its incredible journey and appreciate nature’s gift unfolding right before your eyes!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://uncoveringcosmetics.weebly.com/what-to-avoid.html", "date": "2020-02-28T22:33:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875147647.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20200228200903-20200228230903-00226.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9544667601585388, "token_count": 667, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__60383106", "lang": "en", "text": "What to Avoid?\nWhat you put on your body is just as important as what you put in it. Your skin is the largest organ in your body, and it absorbs everything including toxins. If you are concerned about not eating unhealthy foods like trans fat, then you'll definitely want to know which synthetic ingredients you should watch out for in the products you use.\n- Methyl, Propyl, Butyl and Ethyl Parabens: Used as a preservative to inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life. Unfortunately, it can cause allergic reactions and skin rashes. Preliminary research found parabens in human breast cancer tumors.\n- Diethanolamine (DEA), Triethanolamine (TEA): These are used as foaming agents, but can cause allergic reactions, eye irritation, and dryness of the hair and skin. DEA and TEA are toxic if absorbed into the body over a long period of time, and are associated with cancer in lab animals.\n- Diazolidinyl Urea, Imidazolidinyl Urea: Often used as preservatives, the American Academy of Dermatology has found these chemicals to be a primary cause of contact dermatitis (irritation caused by foreign substance). Both these chemicals release formaldehyde, which can be toxic.\n- Sodium Lauryl/Laureth Sulfate: This is a cheap, harsh detergent used in many shampoos for its ability to cleanse and foam. Often derived from petroleum, it causes eye irritation, dry scalp, skin rashes and other allergic reactions. Be on the lookout for pseudo-natural products that list this ingredient with the phrase \"comes from coconuts\" - it's still bad for you.\n- Petrolatum: Also known as petroleum jelly, this is a mineral oil derivative that can clog your pores. This in turn disrupts your body's natural ability to moisturize its own skin, leading to dryness and chapping. Manufacturers use it because it's really inexpensive.\n- Propylene Glycol: Ideally this is a vegetable glycerin mixed with grain alcohol, both of which are natural, but it's usually made from synthetic chemicals. It has been known to cause hives and eczema. Beware of related chemicals labeled PEG and PPG.\n- PVP/VA Copolymer: A petroleum-derived chemical that's used in hair styling products and some cosmetics. Considered toxic since if inhaled, it can damage the lungs.\n- Stearalkonium Chloride: This toxic chemical was designed by the fabric industry for use as a fabric softener. Companies use it in hair conditioners and lotions because it's much cheaper than natural conditioning ingredients such as proteins.\n- Synthetic Colors: Labeled as FD&C or D&C and followed by a number, these make products look pretty but can be carcinogenic.\n- Synthetic Fragrances: Labeled simply as \"fragrance,\" there's no way to tell what chemicals are actually in the product. People can get headaches, dizziness, rashes, and respiratory problems from them. People may also experience hyper-pigmentation, which means this chemical may cause brown spots to form on your skin.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://premiertours.com/when-travel-great-migration/", "date": "2024-04-22T12:18:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818293.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422113340-20240422143340-00898.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9488986730575562, "token_count": 709, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__176049375", "lang": "en", "text": "Beholding the wildlife Great Migration is renowned as one of most visually stunning adventures you could ever add to your travel bucket list. Specifically, the Great Migration of hundreds of thousands of wildebeest, antelope, gazelle, and zebra begins in Tanzania’s Serengeti and steadily follows a path to the southwestern border of Kenya.\nDetermining when to travel to East Africa to view the Great Migration hinges on a number of factors since different times of the year are marked by pronounced variations in scenery and game. Ultimately, it all depends on what you’re hoping to gain from this once in a lifetime experience.\nHere is a chronological overview of the path of the migration to help you pinpoint when to travel:\n- January – February- New year, new wildlife! Wildebeest are inclined to congregate in the southern portion of the Serengeti in February where they give birth to thousands of baby calves. The Ngorongoro Crater region is ideal for the 2-3 week span of calving season since the soil and grass here is rich in potassium, calcium, and phosphorus from volcanic eruptions two million years ago.\n- March – The end of February and the entire month of March is known to have extensive levels of predatory activity in the Ngorongoro region. The newly born calves are easy targets for carnivorous animals like lions, thereby signaling an internal alarm clock within the wildebeest species that it’s time for a change of scenery.\n- April – May- While there are myriad sights to behold during these months, it would likely behoove you to wait until June and July to fully immerse yourself in this natural wonderland. April is when the Serengeti begins to noticeably dry up and when most of the grass disappears. Hence, the herds head west along the path of the Grumeti River.\n- June – July- This is arguably the BEST time of the year to really see the good stuff! June and July is when the herds pick up the pace towards the Masai Mara since this reserve gets rain from the nearby Lake Victoria. This is also the time of year when the herds face the challenging obstacle of crossing over the Grumeti River. Wildebeest and zebra drink several gallons every day from this water source. Travelers will be able to view all the excitement playing out around the Grumeti and beyond, so consider planning a game drive along the river to view the action at close proximity.\n- August – September – August is likely the best month to catch a river crossing. By August, the wildlife has trekked to the Masai Mara region where it’s time to cross over the Mara River. If you’re keen on witnessing the crossings, take note that patience is required for this waiting game. Consider taking a hot air balloon over the Masai Mara for a bird’s eye view of the crossing.\n- October – The first portion of October is a picturesque time of year in the pool-table flat Masai Mara grasslands. In the beginning of the month, the wildlife is still grazing. Late October is when the herds begin trekking back down to the northern Serengeti where short grass is abundant.\n- November – December – At long last, the wildlife reaches the Seronera area where they will stay until going back to the Ngorongoro region for calving season once again.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ezips.rivm.nl/en/node/521", "date": "2023-12-02T03:05:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100309.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202010506-20231202040506-00521.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8039782643318176, "token_count": 208, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__23965652", "lang": "en", "text": "Of an initial list appended with more recently recognised zoonotic pathogens, 86 pathogens remained on our list, which were identified as most relevant for the Dutch situation (Van der Giessen et al., 2004, Van der Giessen et al, 2010). Basic information (taxonomy, animal reservoir, transmission routes, global distribution e.d.) of each of the 86 emerging zoonotic pathogens is assembled in the information system of EZIPs. When new zoonotic pathogens are identified in future, these can easily be added to this dynamic database.\nLiterature and data sources\nGiessen JWB Van der, Isken LD, Tiemersma EW. Zoonoses in Europe: a risk to public health. RIVM report 330200002/2004. 2004.\nGiessen JWB Van der, Van de Giessen AW, Braks, MAH. Emerging zoonoses: Early warning and surveillance in the Netherlands. RIVM report 330214002/2010 RIVM, 2010.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://trase.earth/insights/biodiversity", "date": "2024-02-27T07:58:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474671.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227053544-20240227083544-00519.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9457724094390869, "token_count": 550, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__14149929", "lang": "en", "text": "Some of the most exciting breakthroughs in sustainability science come through combining existing data sets to produce rich new information resources.\nIn one recent example, meat consumption patterns around the world were linked back to the impacts on specific wild species and habitats due to agricultural expansion in the Cerrado, a biodiverse savannah in Brazil.\nThe data were combined in two stages. First, landscape-level Trase data on Brazilian soy supply chains were linked with a model of biodiversity losses between 2000 and 2010, to estimate the impacts of soy expansion on different animal and plant species.\nThe combination of Trase data and high-resolution species data made it possible to capture the highly diverse impacts on species from countries’ and traders’ specific sourcing patterns. This is critical for understanding impacts on (and ways to help) Cerrado-dependent species such as Kaempfer’s woodpecker (Celeus obrieni), which occurs in just a small area and is in a precarious situation.\nThe results showed, for example, that around 45% of the impacts on endemic species’ ranges were associated with production of soy going to the domestic market (a sizeable share of which is used to produce chicken and pork. Another 22% of the impacts were associated with exports to China, and 15% to exports to the European Union. Two thirds of the impacts occurred in Goiás state and Distrito Federal.\nThis new data set was then linked to a global economic model to follow the soy’s journey from Brazilian ports to the country and sector of final consumption (regular Trase data only map commodity flows to the first country of import). As globally traded soy is nearly all used as livestock feed, this included consumption in the form of meat and dairy products.\nWhen it comes to which soy-fed meat products have the greatest impact, beef consumption accounts for about 13% of soy’s impacts, and other meats (e.g. port and chicken) for about 14%. However, in some major European markets like Germany, the UK, Italy and the Netherlands, consumption of non-beef meat products fed on Cerrado soy accounted for around 30% of the impacts, compared to only 10–12% for soy-fed beef products.\nThe fact that commodity production – and the related consumption – are linked to biodiversity loss has long been known. But until now it has not been possible to quantify the impacts, to see them in such detail, or to connect them to specific actors, supply chains and consumer products. This new approach not only deepens our understanding of the links, but also for the first time reveals real opportunities for action – another creative and invaluable application of Trase data.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://es.videotime.com/videos/double-crested_cormorant_-_phalacrocorax_auritus", "date": "2023-09-29T06:22:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510498.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20230929054611-20230929084611-00077.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9698999524116516, "token_count": 294, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__248684791", "lang": "en", "text": "The double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds. It occurs along inland waterways as well as in coastal areas, and is widely distributed across North America, from the Aleutian Islands in Alaska down to Florida and Mexico. Measuring 70–90 cm (28–35 in) in length, it is an all-black bird which gains a small double crest of black and white feathers in breeding season. It has a bare patch of orange-yellow facial skin. Five subspecies are recognized.\nThe double-crested cormorant is found near rivers and lakes and along the coastline. It mainly eats fish and hunts by swimming and diving. Its feathers, like those of all cormorants, are not waterproof and it must spend time drying them out after spending time in the water. Once threatened by the use of DDT, the numbers of this bird have increased markedly in recent years.\nThe double-crested cormorant was described by Rene Primevere Lesson in 1831. Its scientific name is derived from the Greek words :phalakros, \"bald\" and korax, \"crow\" or \"raven\", and the Latin auritus, \"eared\", referring to its nuptial crests. Its common name refers to the same nuptial crests.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.pawsinwork.com/blog/why-is-my-bitch-not-interested-in-her-pups", "date": "2024-04-25T11:24:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712297292879.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20240425094819-20240425124819-00259.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9765539765357971, "token_count": 1715, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__66863556", "lang": "en", "text": "Why is my bitch not interested in her pups?\nA mother dog’s instincts will typically kick-in whilst she is giving birth to her litter of puppies; she will want to clean them and allow them to feed so they can absorb the rich nutrients from her colostrum, which is crucial for the first few days of their development. There may, however, be an occasion where a bitch may not act accordingly after giving birth, and she may seem disinterested in her pups which can cause great concern for their welfare. If this does happen, you may be left thinking why your bitch isn’t interested in her pups and what you can do to aid her. Here are the reasons why this may be the case, and what you can do to assist your dog and her puppies, if intervention is necessary.\nBy Emily Roach, Paws in Work guest blogger.\nMother dogs are usually protective of their new-born pups and will make sure that they start feeding them straight after birth, as well as keeping them clean and helping them to defecate by licking them for stimulation. Sometimes this intuition may not be so apparent, as this can arise when the mother dog is too young and may not have developed the necessary hormone, oxytocin. This hormone induces milk production and nurturing behaviour after the pups are born, and without it the mother may not know how to react. The process of labour can be overwhelming for some dogs; the feeling of stress may prevent them from wanting to help the puppies feed.\nSome stray dogs who have fallen pregnant may feel extremely overwhelmed and confused from being taken into new surroundings, such as a shelter as well as having to give birth; this in-turn can lead to the rejection of puppies. There may just be no specific physical or mental reason as to why a mother dog may not naturally take care of her puppies; sometimes things just don’t work out. It’s important to remember motherhood may not be such a breeze for some dogs, so try not to put pressure on yourselves or your dog as she may pick up on this.\nmedical causes & other factors.\nAs well as behavioural reasons of mother dogs not interacting with their puppies, medical factors can also have an influence on certain actions. There is a link between dogs who have c-sections rather than natural births, which may be a reason that they are struggling to bond with their pups. The mother will be recovering from her procedure which may affect her ability of lactation and her tolerance of the litter trying to nurse on her.\nThis can subsequently lead to aggression towards the puppies and even rejection. This is when intervention such as bottle-feeding would be needed as puppies are reliant on their mother’s milk until around 7 weeks of age. Some female dogs, however, need to have a c-section for their own safety, this is commonly an issue with brachycephalic breeds such as Boston Terriers, English and French Bulldogs and Boxers. Always seek guidance from your vet on what is best for your bitch having a safe delivery, depending on her physical needs.\nThere are additionally a range of causes which involve the mother dog trying to feed her puppies, but she physically can’t. One example is that the mother simply cannot produce enough or any milk at all, this is a rare occurrence and is thought to be caused by genetics. This may happen if the mother dog has given birth to a large litter and hasn’t supplied enough milk to feed all the pups substantially. This issue can usually be helped by improving your dog’s diet to supply her with enough nutrition to feed a large litter. Always make sure you consult your vet first for a clear diagnosis and how best to move forwards when looking after your dog and her puppies.\nThe most common cause for a dog not feeding her pups is canine mastitis, which is a bacterial infection which can cause feeding to become very painful for the mother as swelling develops. This can also cause the infection to spread to her milk which can make the milk toxic and unsafe for the puppies to drink. The milk may look different, and the pups may reject drinking it themselves. Please ask for veterinary advice if you notice any of these symptoms.\nSome mother dogs might be susceptible to more serious conditions such as metritis and milk fever, both of which can be life-threatening to her and the puppies if they are unable to obtain adequate nutrients in the crucial first few weeks. Both of which can cause symptoms such as fever, restlessness, and pain; the mother will not want to feed her pups. Emergency veterinary attention is required for both diseases and the pups will have to be fed via bottle and formula whilst mum takes some time to recover.\nwhat to do when a mother rejects one puppy.\nIn some cases, a mother dog may reject one puppy rather than the whole litter, there can be a variety of reasons that triggers this. For example, the mother may detect a form of weakness in a particular puppy, such as a birth defect, which enables her to sense that their chances of survival aren’t as strong as their littermates. She may refuse to nurse them or give them any attention and even try to separate this puppy from the litter, because she will want to provide the other pups with her undivided attention. If you have noticed that this puppy is continually being isolated, you should take it to the vet for diagnosis and how to aid the puppy’s recovery. You will also need to help by feeding the puppy from a bottle and keeping it warm, as its mother would’ve.\nwhat to do if your mother dog is biting her puppies.\nYour dog may try to bite her puppies, especially during the weaning process. This is most common at the point of the puppies being old enough to transfer fully to solid food, typically around 2-3 months of age. This is a behavioural issue rather than the mother dog having difficulty establishing a bond between herself and her pups, or one of the pups becoming ill. This is simply due to the puppies developing sharp teeth which then becomes highly agitating and uncomfortable for mum as her pups constantly try to feed.\nAs the pups become older, their mother will gradually decrease the time she spends looking after them. She may become more irritable with them as time goes on and they pester her for her milk! This is natural behaviour and establishes boundaries between a mother dog and her puppies; they will learn how to gain their independence through this. On rare occasions, the correction a mother will give her pups may be aggressive, so it’s important to observe her with the puppies when they get to this age. The mother dog may also mimic biting, or she will gently correct her puppies if they show signs of aggression towards their siblings or if they’re generally pushing limits! This is all part of the healthy progression of socialisation and teaching the puppies when it’s appropriate for them to use their mouths for communication purposes and how to carefully interact with one-another. This will also benefit the puppies and their future owners, as they begin to teethe and learn what is and isn’t acceptable to chew on.\nIt can be a challenging and conflicting time when your dog gives birth, especially if its her first litter. In most cases, its best to let nature take its course and allow your dog to nurture her puppies. There are, however, certain scenarios, just like those previously mentioned where your dog is unwell, or the pups are in danger. This is when intervention may be necessary and lifesaving for both mum and her pups. There may be instances when the puppies are crying out for attention and you’re not sure how to act; this is not only during the first few weeks of their lives but also applies when they’re in their new homes.\nWith the right amount of care, observation, and potential involvement, you can help ensure that your mother dog is content and has the very best outlook on raising healthy, confident and happy puppies!\nNeed some help with socialising your litter of puppies? Paws in Work are here to help. Get in touch with our breeder team today to find out more about our socialisation programme and how it can help your litter of puppies and their development.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.phiphi.phuket.com/diving.htm?", "date": "2017-05-24T11:42:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463607813.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20170524112717-20170524132717-00485.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9448122382164001, "token_count": 979, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-22__0__127219081", "lang": "en", "text": "Diving Phi Phi\nDive Sites around Phi Phi Islands\nOn offer is a wide selection of Phi Phi diving trips and PADI courses. Some trips start from Phuket, including overnight and day dive trips to Phi Phi or Hin Daeng.\nWhen staying on the island local diving is sensational with a head-spinning variety of marine life living in the waters surrounding the island. Phi Phi has long been a well-known place to ‘do your PADI’ and local sites include Maya Bay, Wang Long, Palong Bay, Bida Noi and the ever-popular King Cruiser Wreck.\nYou can also take a liveaboard to more distant destinations including the Similan Islands and Richelieu Rock. There are many dive shops to choose from in Tonsai Village.Read More\nA small submerged reef just east of Phi Phi Ley and a excellent backup to Shark point so if you are unlucky there, Garang Heng has a healthy reef with anemones, soft corals and of course, sharks.\nFour pinnacles starting just below sea level and dropping down to around 30 metres characterise Hin Dot (Chimney Rocks) on Phi Phi Don's southern headlands. Often quite dark due to the volume of fish life above you, but some interesting marine life under the rocks near the bottom where several nurse sharks have been discovered. These enormous towers are famous for their large schools of fish. Other fish populations include groupers, pufferfish, lionfish, squid and bearded scorpionfish.\n- Location: 15-20 minutes by boat from Tonsai Bay\n- Remarks: Visibility 8-20 metres - Dive depth: 10-34 metres\nHin Pae is a relatively shallow dive site - 10 to 15 metres deep. Its shallow depth offers excellent snorkeling. Hin Pae is sometimes called Baby Shark Point, because even snorkellers have the opportunity to see different types of sharks. The main topography includes boulder and brain corals, with many holes and tunnels for moray eels to pass through. Soft and hard coral provide shelter for a rich variety of coral fish. Crabs, lobsters, angelfish, groupers, snappers and surgeonfish are also residents of this area.\n- Location: 10 minutes by boat from Tonsai\n- Remarks: Visibility 7-15 metres - Dive depth: 8-16 metres\nBuilt in Japan 30 years ago, King Cruiser was a comfortable catamaran-hull passenger-cruiser with 4 decks until she sank on the 4th May 1997 in near perfect weather conditions. An easy dive, King Cruiser has large openings that allow easy access to the spacious interior.\nThe propellers (deepest point) rest 30 metres deep with the most interesting areas around the passenger decks between 10 and 20 metres. Read More...\nOne dive site not to be missed, Ko Bida Nok, has outstanding hard and soft coral with lots of marine life. Sightings include leopard sharks, turtles, moray eels & ghost pipe fish, plus there is always a chance of the unexpected whale sharks and manta rays. As one side of the island is very shallow and the other drops off to 30 metres, this site is suitable for all levels of diver.\nAlthough the sister island to Bida Nok just a few hundred metres away, this island is very different under water. Large fallen rocks have created several swim-through and submerged islands, building an ideal habitat for marine life, and Read More...\n- Location: 50 minutes from Tonsai Bay\n- Remarks: Visibility averages 20 metres - Dive depth: 19 to 30 metres\nWith a maximum depth of 18 metres and plenty of fish life and rocks to look under, Maya provides a great dive site for the inexperienced diver. Heading out of the bay, the underwater landscape changes with large caves 30+ depths.\nMaya South starts as a shear wall down to 30 metres with a small over hang and caves along the bottom.\nFurther along, fallen rocks have left channels with the rocks towering above you on both sides, creating a very dramatic dive. A suitable dive for the more advanced diver due to depth. Read More...\nYes Shark Point (Hin Bida) does live up to it's name, well 95% of the time. This rock which justs breaks the surface, attracts a lot of Leopard sharks and often Nurse & Reef sharks as well. A small, submerged outcrop some 8 kilometres southeast of Phi Phi Ley, it's a favoured spot for whale sharks around February / March.\n- Location: 50 to 60 minutes from Tonsai Bay\n- Remarks: Good visibility, averaging 20 metres - Dive depth: 12 to 18 metres", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://screening.asppalermo.org/", "date": "2016-10-21T12:56:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718278.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00112-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9514747262001038, "token_count": 404, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-44", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-44__0__97072108", "lang": "en", "text": "Screening is a public health intervention which invites groups of healthy population selected by age to undergo specific diagnostic tests, in order to reduce the mortality rate of certain diseases, detecting them in an early-stage asymptomatic phase.\nScientific evidence shows how these programs applied to the oncology field are effective in changing the natural history of some tumors: in many cases, they are able to detect the disease in its early stage when treatment has a very high chance of success, allowing to improve the quality of life.\nOncologic Screenings are such an important component of the public health system in Italy, that they are included in the LEA (Essential Assistance Levels), all the health services that are offered to the citizen nationwide.\nBreast cancer, uterine cervix cancer and colorectal cancer are three of the main tumors which affect the Italian population. For the prevention of such diseases, the Ministry of Health, with the National Prevention Plan and the Department of Health, with the Regional Prevention Plan, have foreseen the organization of screening campaigns aimed at particular population groups, selected by age, considered at risk.\nEach citizen, in the age group required by every single type of screening, receives an invitation to do a test and follow the prevention path. Responding to the invitation is active and conscious participation in the Prevention Plan. In case of doubtful or positive tests results, a totally free of charge in-depth diagnostic-therapeutic path is planned in compliance with the strict quality indicators provided by the national and international guidelines.\nBreast cancer prevention\nWomen aged between 50 and 69 are invited to do a mammography every two years.\nCervix tumor prevention\nWomen aged between 25 and 64 are invited to do a PAP-test every three years\nColorectal cancer prevention\nMen and women aged between 50 and 69 are invited to do a SOF test (the test of the fecal occult blood) every two years .\nFor information and reservations", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://oregonhealthyliving.com/food/tasty-edible-flowers/", "date": "2022-12-02T16:56:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710909.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20221202150823-20221202180823-00634.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9081072211265564, "token_count": 1540, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__138622723", "lang": "en", "text": "“Luscious the scent comes of the blossomed bean,\nAs o’er the path in rich disorder lean\nIts stalks; when bees, in busy rows and toils,\nLoad home luxuriantly their yellow spoils.”\n— John Clare, “Beans in Blossom,” 1835\nI love the imagery English poet John Clare provides in this verse. I can picture the bees weighed down with pollen on their hind legs, and the perfumed bean blossoms are almost real. I wonder if Clare, who worked on a farm as a child, knew that bean flowers are also lusciously tasty?\nAccording to Lorene Edwards Forkner, author of “Vegetable Gardening in the Pacific Northwest” (2012), raw pole and runner bean blossoms, fresh from the garden, add a delicately sweet flavor to salads and coleslaw.\nIn fact, Forkner reminds us that “secondary crops — whether it be a stem, seed pod, blossom, or bud — are seasonal treats only available to the backyard grower.”\nIt’s the home gardener’s privilege to pilfer a few blossoms now and then to add color, flavor and texture to all sorts of seasonal dishes. Research on edible flowers shows they contain high levels of antioxidants and minerals.\nForkner offers a list of edible flowers from plants that may be growing in your vegetable garden:\nAlliums – Chives, leeks and garlic blossoms can be added to green salads, pasta and potato salads, and dips. Be sure to remove the central stem from the flower cluster to release the florets. Whole chive blossoms can also be pickled.\nBrassicas – If your Brassica crops bolt early, don’t fret. Arugula, broccoli, cabbage, kale, mustard, and radish flowers all produce delicate, spicy-sweet flowers that are delicious eaten raw. The immature seed pods that follow the flowers are crunchy with a peppery taste; they can be eaten raw or lightly sautéed.\nPeas – Snip off 3-4 inches of the tendrils and growing tips before the plants set seed pods. Use blossoms and tips right away as their sweet, fresh pea flavor fades quickly. Only eat the blossoms of vegetable peas, as sweet pea flowers are toxic.\nSquashes – All types of squash produce male and female flowers, but only the females produce fruit (look for a slight swelling at the base of the blossom). Harvest the male flowers, remove the stamen, and eat them raw in salads or as a garnish, sautéed with other vegetables, or stuffed and fried for a delicious, crispy treat.\nForkner also provides a list of edible flowers from herb plants, as well as plants that are usually considered only ornamental:\nAnise hyssop – A perennial herb that has lavender-blue blossoms with a sweet licorice flavor and a hint of mint. Separate the clustered florets and serve them with fruit, as a garnish for desserts, or brewed for tea.\nBee balm – A perennial herb with shaggy, brightly colored flowers that attract bees and hummingbirds. The blossoms have a citrusy-mint flavor for tea.\nBegonia – An annual plant used for ornamental flower beds, begonia’s juicy stems and colorful blossoms have a lemony flavor. Add to fruit or green salads, fish dishes or cocktails.\nBorage – An annual herb, all parts of the plant, including the pretty blue flowers, have a refreshing cucumber flavor. Add to fruit salads, green salads, or freeze in ice cubes for cold drinks.\nCalendula – An annual herb, calendula is sometimes called the “poor man’s saffron” because the golden flowers have a mild, peppery taste. Separate the petals from the center of the flower and sprinkle them over green salads or soups.\nChrysanthemum – Flowers and foliage add a pungent, slightly bitter taste to traditional Asian cuisine. The most popular edible variety is a short-lived perennial called “shungiko,” translated as “spring chrysanthemum.”\nDaylily – Crunchy daylily blossoms have a sweet, peppery flavor. Cut them up and toss in green salads or pasta dishes, or dip them in batter and quick-fry.\nDianthus – Delicate carnation petals have a spicy-sweet, clove-like flavor that matches their fragrance. Remove the petals from the bitter-tasting base of the flower, then toss in salads or soups, or steep in wine or tea.\nLavender – The deep purple flowers of English lavender are the best for culinary uses. Grind up the buds or steep them and use the strained liquid for flavoring. Lavender buds are often used with rosemary, thyme and oregano for a pungent mixture called Herbes de Provence.\nMarigold – The single-flowered signet varieties have a lemony fragrance and flavor, whereas larger marigolds taste bitter. Pull the petals from the stem and cut off the pale-colored portion of the petal, which has a bitter taste.\nNasturtium – An annual flower that tastes peppery, brightly colored nasturtiums can be added to salads, soups, pasta and stir-fries.\nPansy – The annual flowers have a mild taste and add vivid color to a variety of sweet and savory dishes. Pansies can also be frozen in ice cubes and served with cold drinks.\nRoses – Old-fashioned roses and rugosa roses provide the stronger, traditional rose flavor that resembles green apples and strawberries. Pick fresh roses in the morning, remove the petals from the stem, and cut off the pale, bitter-tasting bottom portion of the petal. Use rose petals along with other spices for meat rubs, muddle petals and add to fruity beverages, steep for teas, or make candied rose petals by brushing with beaten egg whites and dipping in sugar.\nViolets – The fragrant, deep purple blossoms are traditionally candied with sugar, or can be used as a colorful garnish for salads, soups and savory dishes.\nEating flowers can be a fun and flavorful way to get the most out of your garden, but be careful. Plants that have been sprayed with pesticides should not be eaten, and before popping a freshly picked flower into your mouth, be sure it’s safe to eat, as some flowers are poisonous.\nLet’s heed the words of E.E. Cummings, an American poet who lived after John Clare and his bean blossoms. Cummings wrote in the early 20th century, “the thing perhaps is to eat flowers and not be afraid.”\nRhonda Nowak is a Rogue Valley gardener, teacher and writer. Email her at email@example.com. For more about gardening, visit her blog at http://blogs.esouthernoregon.com/theliterarygardener/ and check out her podcasts and videos at https://mailtribune.com/podcasts/the-literary-gardener.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://fyla.com/iceblink-supercontinuum-laser-for-time-domain-diffuse-optical-methods/", "date": "2024-02-25T19:41:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474641.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225171204-20240225201204-00642.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9043591022491455, "token_count": 1415, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__58808456", "lang": "en", "text": "Towards a better understanding of the interaction between the photons of light and blood tissues, non-invasive and continuous techniques have been the point of focus of researchers in the last decades. The need for optical tools that achieve higher penetration depths without altering the samples suggests the use of diffuse optics.\nTwo well-known phenomena resulting from such interaction are absorption and scattering. Absorption consists of the dissipation of the photon energy; whereas scattering refers to the light being dispersed inside the tissue in random directions by the cells. The photons emitted by the light source are attenuated inside the tissue and the photon path length is a direct indicator of the depth sensitivity. In this scope, Diffuse Optics arise as a quantitative approach to explain photon migration inside of the tissue .\nSeveral common techniques to study blood tissues include the traditional Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy technique (DOS) and the relatively new, Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS). In Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy, also known as NIR spectroscopy, the attenuation of the photons at a specific wavelength is used as an indicator of blood volume and oxygenation. Whereas in Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS), coherent and continuous wave NIR sources are used to study the scattering produced by the blood cells that are flowing inside of the tissues, producing a speckle pattern that changes proportionally to the movement of the blood cells, thus giving information about the index of blood flow .\nAlthough these techniques are still widely used, they cannot reach the gold standard represented by more invasive techniques such as MRI, the reason for which Time-Domain methods are becoming more popular, thanks to the access to more sophisticated illumination and detection systems. \nTime-Domain Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy\nChanging to the Time-Domain means talking about time-of-flight: how long it takes for the photon to travel back from the tissue, in other words, it gives an estimation of the path length inside of the sample.\nTime-domain diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy arises as a significant tool in clinical practice, resulting in a combination of Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) and Time-resolved Reflectance Spectroscopy (TRS).\nIn this technique, pulsed NIR lasers are emitted, and the light that is reflected or scattered back by the tissue is detected by a single-photon sensitive detector . Measuring the photon time between the source and the detector gives an estimation of the time of flight, which is then used to calculate the Time Point Spread Function (TPSF).\nSimaei et Al showed a prototype of a TD-DCS system . Figure 1 shows the different components of a TD-DCS system.\nThe main advantages of TD-DCS concerning CW-DCS include the possibility of not just studying the blood flow or optical properties but also acquiring more information about the dynamical changes and the Depth sensitivity that allows for obtaining more precise and selective information of deeper layers .\nImportant Instrument Considerations for TD-DCS\nThree parameters determine the sensitivity and the Signal-to-Noise ratio of the measurements: the wavelength of the light source, the coherence length of the laser and the distance between source and detector. In this scope, several studies have been made in the comparison of the most suitable light source for such a technique [1,3, 5].\nThe first parameter is strictly related to the absorption and scattering inside of the tissue, having that longer wavelengths induce less absorption throughout the sample and thus, deeper penetration. Some studies suggest the use of emission at wavelengths between 750 and 780 nm [1,3]. Other recent experiments used emissions above the 980 nm of the water absorption peak . Whereas others considered the use of tunable light sources emitting between 700 and 1030 nm .\nThe second parameter: coherence length, is limited by the pulsewidth of the laser, having that longer pulses induce longer coherence lengths. However, a compromise between coherence length and IRF (Instrument Response Function) needs to be considered. Shorter pulses are needed in order to improve the path length distribution of the photons at a certain time (path length distribution refers to photons that have travelled different paths throughout different layers of the sample). The physical limit of this compromise is given by the Time-Bandwidth product. It results in a balance between pulsewidth (and so, coherence length) and path length distribution (and consequently on the IRF).\nFurthermore, the third parameter is the separation between the source and detector (also referred to as SDS). Traditional DCS or DOS requires an increase in the distance between the source and detector to obtain more information about the deeper layers of the sample and consequently reduce the number of detected photons. Time-domain techniques, on the other hand, allow for the discrimination between short and long path lengths. This results in SDS in the scale of tens of mm, compared to the standard 2-3 cm separation in DCS or DOS achieved with continuous wave (cw) lasers .\nSome researchers have initially proposed the use of custom-built active mode-locked Ti:sapphire lasers emitting in the NIR obtaining interesting results . Although the size of such light sources and the maintenance requirements, limit the use of the TD-DCS systems. On the other hand, other commercial pulsed lasers provide short coherence lengths, not being suitable for TD-DCS.\nConclusions show that optimal lasers would consist of picosecond pulsed lasers with long coherence lengths and narrow Instrument Response Functions.\nIceblink Supercontinuum Laser Characteristics\nIn the search for the most convenient laser for TD-DCS, we propose the use of the Iceblink supercontinuum laser. The Iceblink supercontinuum laser has a broad spectrum, that covers the Visible and the NIR spectrum (450 to 2300 nm). With the appropriate filter set, one can select the desired wavelengths in the NIR, instead of having to use different monochromatic light sources for each experiment (ex: one laser for 750 nm, another laser for 780 nm, or another one for 1030 nm).\nWhen it comes to the coherence length of the laser, not many studies have been provided regarding such parameters. Nevertheless, they are widely used in applications in which the coherence length is an essential parameter. The Iceblink supercontinuum laser has a total pulsewidth of 200 ps and a repetition rate of 80 MHz, which makes it a suitable tool in regard to the results obtained in the last publications [2, 3, 4, 6 ]. We estimate a theoretical coherence length of 40 mm.\nThe Iceblink supercontinuum laser does not require any maintenance and is a “plug-and-play” technology. It has an air-cooling system that would avoid the complex issues that arise when using Ti:sapphire lasers. In addition, its dimensions make it possible to optimize the size of your setup.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.qkoasianmarket.com/product-page/dhc-collagen-tablet-30-days-supply", "date": "2021-06-22T01:30:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488504969.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20210622002655-20210622032655-00048.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8790820837020874, "token_count": 450, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__33380744", "lang": "en", "text": "Collagen is a protein that, like all proteins, is based in amino acids. A third of the proteins in your body are made from collagen, and 70% of dermis, which is related to your skin’s suppleness, consists of collagen.\nDHC's Collagen is formulated with fish-derived collagen peptides and vitamin B1, to support your beauty by giving youthfulness and smoothness to your skin.\n[Name] Food including collagen\n[Ingredients] Collagen peptide (contains gelatin) (made in Thailand), cellulose, calcium stearate, silicon dioxide microparticles, vitamin B1, vitamin B2\n[Net Weight] 63.0 g [weight per tablet 350 mg x 180 tablets]\n[Nutrition Facts] [per 2,100 mg (350-mg tablet x 6)] Calories 7.8 kcal, protein 1.88 g, total fat 0.02 g, total carbohydrate 0.02 g, sodium chloride equivalent 0.003 g, vitamin B1 14.0 mg, vitamin B2 2.0 mg, collagen peptide (fish-derived) 2,050 mg\nFollow recommended daily intake (6 tablets).\nRecommended to take all 6 tablets at once, after dinner.\n*Take with water or lukewarm water without chewing.\nPrecautions for Health Supplements\n- *Do not exceed indicated recommended daily intake.\n- *Stop using in case of unexpected reaction or illness.\n- *A list of 27 allergens/specified ingredients is printed on the package label. Confirm the ingredients before consuming to avoid unwanted reactions.\n- *Consult a doctor before using if you are pregnant or undergoing medical treatment.\n- *Supplements are foods and are appropriate for intake at any time. For optimal digestion and absorption, take after meals. Intake recommendations at other times are noted above if applicable.\n- *Eat a balanced diet including grains, proteins and vegetables.\nPrecautions for Storage\n*Store in a cool and dry place. Avoid direct sunlight, high temperatures and high humidity.\n*Keep out of the reach of children.\n*Keep the package tightly closed and consume promptly after opening.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://visionpdf.com/regulation-of-synaptic-development-and-function.html", "date": "2019-05-27T11:57:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232262369.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20190527105804-20190527131804-00120.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8402077555656433, "token_count": 15227, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__218149542", "lang": "en", "text": "Regulation of synaptic development and function by the Drosophila PDZ protein Dyschronic\nABSTRACT Synaptic scaffold proteins control the localization of ion channels and receptors, and facilitate molecular associations between signaling components that modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity. Here, we define novel roles for a recently described scaffold protein, Dsychronic (DYSC), at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction. DYSC is the Drosophila homolog of whirlin/DFNB31, a PDZ domain protein linked to Usher syndrome, the most common form of human deaf-blindness. We show that DYSC is expressed presynaptically and is often localized adjacent to the active zone, the site of neurotransmitter release. Loss of DYSC results in marked alterations in synaptic morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Moreover, active zones are frequently enlarged and misshapen in dysc mutants. Electrophysiological analyses further demonstrate that dysc mutants exhibit substantial increases in both evoked and spontaneous synaptic transmission. We have previously shown that DYSC binds to and regulates the expression of the Slowpoke (SLO) BK potassium channel. Consistent with this, slo mutant larvae exhibit similar alterations in synapse morphology, active zone size and neurotransmission, and simultaneous loss of dysc and slo does not enhance these phenotypes, suggesting that dysc and slo act in a common genetic pathway to modulate synaptic development and output. Our data expand our understanding of the neuronal functions of DYSC and uncover non-canonical roles for the SLO potassium channel at Drosophila synapses. KEY WORDS: PDZ domain, Scaffold protein, Active zone, BK channel, Drosophila, Neuromuscular junction\nElucidating the molecular mechanisms of synapse development and function is important for understanding biological processes such as learning and memory, as well as neurological diseases such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia (Caroni et al., 2012; Sudhof, 2008; Wondolowski and Dickman, 2013). Crucial to correct synaptic organization are scaffold proteins, which act as organizing hubs that link ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors and other membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton and to downstream intracellular signaling networks (Emes and Grant, 2012; Verpelli et al., 2012). In a screen for Drosophila with altered circadian\nDepartment of Neuroscience, The Farber Institute for Neurosciences, Thomas 2 Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. UCL Institute of Neurology, 3 London WC1N 3BG, UK. Department of Neurology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. *These authors contributed equally to this work ‡ These authors contributed equally to this work §\nReceived 26 February 2014; Accepted 16 September 2014\nbehavior, we recently identified a previously uncharacterized gene encoding a scaffold protein with multiple PDZ domains that we termed dyschronic (dysc). Loss of DYSC results in arrhythmic patterns of circadian locomotor activity, and dysc is the Drosophila homolog of the human locus whirlin/DFNB31, mutations in which lead to Usher syndrome (USH), a leading cause of deaf-blindness (Jepson et al., 2012; Mburu et al., 2003). We found that DYSC binds to and controls the expression of the Slowpoke (SLO) BK potassium channel in the adult Drosophila nervous system, thus identifying DYSC as a novel ion channel regulator that impacts complex behavior (Jepson et al., 2012). BK potassium channels are synergistically activated by membrane depolarization and elevated intracellular Ca2+ (Barrett et al., 1982; Lee and Cui, 2010; Prakriya and Lingle, 1999). In neurons, BK channels limit action potential duration by linking Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) to potassium efflux (Bean, 2007). Interestingly, in addition to the axon, BK channels are also localized at the synapse near to the active zone (AZ) (Hu et al., 2001), a crucial structural determinant of the probability of vesicle fusion (Sigrist and Schmitz, 2011). In Drosophila, the AZ is an electron-dense macromolecular structure and functions in part to tether synaptic vesicles in close proximity to VGCCs (Atwood et al., 1993; Koenig and Ikeda, 1999); recent genetic studies have uncovered a number of core constituents of the Drosophila AZ as well as proteins involved in its assembly (Johnson et al., 2009; Kaufmann et al., 2002; Kittel et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2011; Nieratschker et al., 2009; Wagh et al., 2006). For example, Bruchpilot (BRP) is a key component of T-bars, dense bodies that project intracellularly from the AZ core and connect to a subpopulation of synaptic vesicles (Atwood et al., 1993; Koenig and Ikeda, 1999; Reist et al., 1998; Wagh et al., 2006). Using super-resolution microscopy, BRP complexes have been shown to form donut-like rings around a central core of VGCCs, and loss of BRP results in reduced VGCC localization in the AZ and a substantial decrease in evoked excitatory currents (Kittel et al., 2006). However, whereas much research has focused on molecules that promote AZ formation and neurotransmitter release, less is known regarding factors that negatively regulate the AZ and vesicle fusion. Here, we demonstrate that DYSC and SLO coordinately influence diverse aspects of synaptic development and function at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ), and act as negative regulators of AZ size and evoked neurotransmission. Most surprisingly, spontaneous vesicle fusion is enhanced in dysc and slo mutants, even in zero-Ca2+ conditions, suggesting that SLO channels impact spontaneous neurotransmission independently of enhanced VGCC activity. Our results reveal intriguing noncanonical roles for the SLO BK channel and significantly expand the known functions of the USH homolog DYSC in the Drosophila nervous system. 1\nJames E. C. Jepson1,2, *, Mohammed Shahidullah1,*, Die Liu1,‡, Sylvain J. le Marchand1,‡, Sha Liu3, Mark N. Wu3, Irwin B. Levitan1, Matthew B. Dalva1 and Kyunghee Koh1,§\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\nRESULTS DYSC regulates synaptic morphology and cytoskeletal organization\nFig. 1. DYSC regulates synaptic morphology and Futsch localization. (A) Schematic of the dysc transcription unit, locations of the dysc c03838 and dysc s168 P-element insertions and the MiMIC protein trap insertion used to generate the dysc::gfp allele. Genomic regions encoding the three PDZ domains are also shown. (B) Confocal projections showing representative NMJs at muscle 6/7, segment 3. Neuronal membranes are labeled with antiHRP. Arrowheads indicate enlarged synaptic boutons in dysc s168 and dysc c03838 homozygotes that are absent in controls or heterozygotes. Scale bar: 20 μm. (C,D) Average number of total synaptic boutons (C) and average bouton size (D) in wild-type controls, and in dysc s168 and dysc c03838 heterozygotes and homozygotes, and dysc c03838/dysc s168 transheterozygotes. (C) n=12-29 synapses. (D) n=167-211 boutons. (E) Confocal slices illustrating localization of Futsch in synaptic termini in wild-type controls and dysc s168 and dysc c03838 homozygotes. Arrowheads indicate synaptic boutons exhibiting unusual unbundled accumulation of Futsch. Scale bar: 5 μm. (F) Quantification of the mean proportion of boutons exhibiting unbundled Futsch. n=14-16 synapses, 265-381 boutons. Values represent mean±s.e.m. ***P<0.0005; ns, not significant (P>0.05), one-way ANOVA with Dunnett post-hoc test.\nDYSC localizes to synaptic termini and is required presynaptically\nWe next sought to examine the localization of DYSC at the larval NMJ. Immunohistochemical experiments using our previously described anti-DYSC antibody failed to generate robust signals at larval synapses, possibly due to low efficacy and/or low DYSC expression. To make use of a higher affinity antibody, we used the MiMIC system (Venken et al., 2011) to insert a GFP/FlASH/ StrepII/3xFLAG protein trap upstream of the region encoding the\nWe have previously found that DYSC is broadly localized within the adult fly brain and exhibits strong expression in axonal tracts throughout the nervous system (Jepson et al., 2012). However, DYSC is also present in synaptic neuropil regions (Jepson et al., 2012). We were therefore intrigued by the possibility that DYSC might play important roles at Drosophila synapses. To test whether DYSC regulates synaptic development and/or function, we turned to the NMJ of third instar Drosophila larvae, a model glutamatergic synapse, the structural and functional properties of which have been extensively studied. We initially examined synaptic morphology of dysc mutants using two transposon insertion alleles (dysc c03838 and dysc s168) (Fig. 1A). The dysc transcription unit generates protein isoforms containing two or three PDZ domains (Jepson et al., 2012) (Fig. 1A; www. flybase.org). Both long and short DYSC isoforms are undetectable by western blotting of dysc c03838 head extracts (Jepson et al., 2012), and dysc cDNA expression was not detected in dysc c03838 head tissue (supplementary material Fig. S1A), indicating that dysc c03838 is a null allele. By contrast, the dysc s168 insertion selectively disrupts expression of long DYSC isoforms containing three PDZ domains, while leaving the short isoform intact (Jepson et al., 2012). Both dysc c03838 and dyscs168 homozygotes exhibited a ∼40% reduction in the total number of synaptic boutons at muscle 6/7 (Fig. 1B,C), resulting from a decrease in the number of both type 1b and type 1s boutons (supplementary material Fig. S1B,C). A similar phenotype was observed in dysc c03838/dysc s168 trans-heterozygotes, but there was no significant alteration in bouton number in dysc c03838/+ or dyscs168/+ heterozygotes (Fig. 1B,C; supplementary material Fig. S1B,C). dysc homozygous and trans-heterozygous mutants also exhibited a substantial increase in the average size of type 1b boutons (Fig. 1B,D). By contrast, mean synaptic area and branch number were not altered in dysc mutants (supplementary material Fig. S1D,E). Similar phenotypes in terms of bouton number and size were observed in larval synapses innervating muscle 4 (supplementary material Fig. S1F,G). Thus, DYSC regulates the number and size of larval synaptic boutons but not overall synaptic size. Because whirlin, the mammalian DYSC homolog, has recently been shown to affect the stability of the axonal cytoskeleton (Green et al., 2013), we wondered whether DYSC modulates synaptic morphology by controlling the localization of synaptic cytoskeletal proteins. We therefore visualized expression of the microtubule-binding protein Futsch in wild-type and dysc mutant synapses (Fig. 1E). Futsch-mediated regulation of microtubule organization is important for correct synaptic bouton budding (Roos et al., 2000), and mislocalization of synaptic Futsch in various Drosophila mutants has been associated with reduced synaptic bouton number and increased bouton size (Mosca et al., 2012; Pennetta et al., 2002). Consistent with previous data (Roos et al., 2000), filamentous ‘tendrils’ and structured ‘loops’ of Futsch-bound microtubules were generally observed in wild-type synapses (Fig. 1E). By contrast, ∼25% of dysc mutant synapses exhibited an abnormal mode of Futsch localization, characterized by a substantially increased level of unstructured Futsch within synaptic boutons (Fig. 1E,F; supplementary material Fig. S2). This pattern of Futsch expression was rarely observed in wild-type synaptic boutons (∼2.6%, Fig. 1F). Thus, loss of DYSC leads to an alteration in the synaptic localization of a key cytoskeletal regulator in a manner consistent with an inhibition of synaptic bouton budding in dysc mutants.\nthird PDZ domain (Fig. 1A). This strategy allowed labeling of DYSC isoforms containing three PDZ domains using anti-GFP and anti-FLAG antibodies. We term this new dysc allele dysc::gfp. The protein trap exon does not disrupt the PDZ domain-coding sequences within the dysc locus, and importantly, dysc::gfp larvae exhibited normal synaptic morphology (supplementary material Fig. S3A-C). Furthermore, dysc::gfp adult flies exhibited rhythmic patterns of circadian locomotion under constant-dark conditions (data not shown). Thus, the GFP insertion does not inhibit the normal function of DYSC. In both the adult and the larval Drosophila nervous systems, GFPtagged DYSC was localized to axonal regions and, importantly, to the synaptic neuropil, as evidenced by colocalization with the presynaptic marker Bruchpilot (BRP) (Kittel et al., 2006; Wagh et al., 2006) (supplementary material Fig. S3D,E). At the larval NMJ, full-length DYSC detected using an anti-GFP antibody exhibited a punctate pattern of localization in both motor neuron axon bundles and in synaptic bouton termini (Fig. 2A). A similar expression pattern was observed when using an anti-FLAG antibody to detect DYSC (supplementary material Fig. S4A), and this pattern was not observed in larvae lacking the dysc::gfp allele using either anti-GFP (Fig. 2A) or anti-FLAG antibodies (supplementary material Fig. S4A). Furthermore, neuronal overexpression of a long DYSC isoform in combination with an anti-DYSC antibody generated similar presynaptic punctate signals (supplementary material Fig. S4B,C). The localization of DYSC::GFP suggested a presynaptic function for DYSC. Consistent with this hypothesis, pre- but not postsynaptic expression of a full-length DYSC transgene (uas-dysc-long)\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\nsignificantly rescued both the reduced bouton number and increased bouton size of dysc mutants (Fig. 2B-D). Transgenic restoration of DYSC solely in neurons also rescued the mislocalization of synaptic Futsch (supplementary material Fig. S5). The similar phenotypes of dysc c03838 and dysc s168 homozygotes further suggested that full-length DYSC isoforms containing three PDZ domains are specifically required for normal synaptic bouton proliferation, as expression of the short DYSC isoform containing the two N-terminal PDZ domains is maintained at wild-type levels in dysc s168 homozygotes (Jepson et al., 2012). We therefore performed rescue experiments using a transgene encoding a short DYSC isoform (uas-dysc-short), and indeed found that neither neuronal nor muscle expression of the short DYSC isoform rescued any aspect of synaptic morphology (Fig. 2C,D). In addition, to test whether DYSC levels influence synaptic bouton size and number in a dose-dependent manner, we overexpressed DYSC in neurons in a wild-type background. Overexpression of either long or short DYSC transgenes did not alter bouton number or size relative to controls (supplementary material Fig. S6). These experiments indicate that DYSC is required in the presynaptic compartment to influence synaptic development, and suggest that the C-terminal region that includes the third PDZ domain of DYSC is required for this function. DYSC influences the architecture of active zones\nWe next sought to examine the subcellular localization of presynaptic DYSC puncta in more detail by immunostaining synapses in dysc::gfp larvae with anti-GFP and either antiBruchpilot (anti-BRP) or anti-Fasciclin II (FASII) antibodies.\nFig. 2. DYSC is required in neurons for correct synaptic development. (A) Confocal slices illustrating punctate expression of DYSC::GFP (GFP) in both axonal bundles descending from the larval ventral nerve cord and at synaptic bouton termini. This staining pattern was not observed in controls lacking the dysc::gfp insertion. Scale bars: 20 μm in axons; 5 μm in boutons. (B) Confocal projections showing representative NMJs at muscle 6/7, segment 3 of wild-type controls, dysc c03838 (dysc) homozygotes and dysc larvae with presynaptic expression of a uas-dysc-long transgene. Neuronal membranes are labeled with antiHRP. Arrowheads indicate enlarged synaptic boutons in dysc larvae that are absent following presynaptic restoration of full-length DYSC. Scale bar: 20 μm. (C,D) Pre- and postsynaptic rescue experiments examining bouton number (C; n=12-20) or bouton size (D; n=176-326) using either elav-Gal4 (neurons) or 24B-Gal4 (muscle) drivers to express short or long DYSC isoforms. For ease of viewing, the data for elav-Gal4/+ and 24B-Gal4/+ synapses are repeated on each side of the graph. Values represent mean±s.e.m. ***P<0.0005; ns, not significant (P>0.05), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test.\nBRP is a key constituent of T-bars, electron-dense protrusions found at the AZ (Kittel et al., 2006; Wagh et al., 2006), whereas FASII is a marker for periactive zones linked to endocytosis (Sone et al., 2000). DYSC::GFP puncta were often (but not always) adjacent to or overlapping with BRP-labeled T-bars (Fig. 3A, upper panel). Transgenic full-length DYSC expressed presynaptically exhibited a similar localization near BRP puncta (supplementary material Fig. S4C). By contrast, DYSC::GFP exhibited little overlap with FASII (Fig. 3A, lower panel), indicating that synaptic DYSC is preferentially localized in close proximity to AZs. Given the close association of DYSC and BRP-labeled T-bars, we next investigated whether DYSC influences the expression or localization of BRP. Under confocal microscopy, we observed no clear alteration either in the localization of BRP or the apposition between BRP and the postsynaptic Glutamate Receptor IIC (GLURIIC) in dysc mutant synapses (supplementary material Fig. S7A,B), nor any significant change in GLURIIC levels (supplementary material Fig. S7B,C). However, at increased\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\nmagnification, the size of BRP puncta appeared to be somewhat increased in dysc mutants (supplementary material Fig. S7B). These observations suggested that DYSC might impact the fine structure of T-bars. We therefore used a super-resolution imaging technique, stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy (Dyba et al., 2003), to obtain nanometer-scale images of BRP structures wild-type and dysc mutant synapses (Fig. 3B). As shown previously (Kittel et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2011; Owald et al., 2012), BRP forms donut-like structures in wild-type synapses when observed under STED imaging (Fig. 3B). Intriguingly, we found that both dysc c03838 homozygous and dysc c03838/dysc s168 transheterozygous mutants exhibited a significant increase in the mean area of individual BRP rings (Fig. 3B,C). Furthermore, we observed frequent merging of neighboring BRP rings in dysc mutants (Fig. 3B). These phenotypes were rescued by neuronal expression of a full-length DYSC transgene, confirming that this phenotype is caused by a loss of presynaptic DSYC (Fig. 3D,E). Thus, in addition to modulating synaptic morphology, DYSC also plays a significant role in regulating the macromolecular architecture of a key constituent of the AZ.\nFig. 3. DYSC modulates the structural composition of active zones. (A) Confocal slices illustrating subcellular localization of DYSC::GFP (GFP) in the presynaptic compartment. DYSC::GFP puncta are often closely associated with the AZ component Bruchpilot (BRP, upper panel). By contrast, there is little overlap between DYSC::GFP and the periactive zone marker FASII (lower panel). Scale bar: 5 μm. (B) Representative confocal (top) and STED (bottom) slices of BRP-marked AZs in control larvae and two dysc allelic backgrounds. Arrowheads indicate clustered AZs. Scale bar: 1 μm. (C) Average area for individual AZs in control and dysc mutant synapses. n=39-56 AZs. (D) Representative STED images of AZ organization in dysc c03838 (dysc) mutants harboring the pan-neuronal elav-Gal4 (elav) driver, a uas-dysc-long transgene (dysc-long) or both. Arrowheads indicate clustered AZs. Scale bar: 1 μm. (E) Average area of individual AZs in the above genotypes. Values represent mean±s.e.m. n=29-57 AZs. **P<0.005; ***P<0.0005, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett post-hoc test.\nWe have previously shown that DYSC binds to and promotes the expression of SLO channels in the adult Drosophila nervous system (Jepson et al., 2012). However, whether this is also the case at earlier developmental time points is unclear. Consistent with our previous data in the adult brain, loss of DYSC also resulted in a robust reduction in SLO expression in motor neuron axons of the larval ventral nerve cord (supplementary material Fig. S8A). Previous work has shown that mutations in slo lead to an increased frequency of rhythmic peristalsis of the body wall muscle (McKiernan, 2013), and, similarly, we found that larvae homozygous for both dysc s168 and dysc c03838 also exhibited a significant enhancement in the rate of peristalsis (supplementary material Fig. S8B). We next asked whether the alterations in synaptic bouton morphology found in dysc mutants were also observed in larvae lacking SLO channels. To this end, we obtained a slo mutant line carrying a Minos element insertion in the exon encoding transmembrane domain 2 of the SLO channel (slo 11481; www. flybase.org), resulting in an interruption in the coding sequence that is expected to inhibit production of full-length slo transcripts, and examined how this mutation affects synaptic development. We confirmed that, as predicted, slo 11481 is a null allele using RT-PCR (supplementary material Fig. S9A). In addition, to control for differences in genetic background, we outcrossed all dysc and slo alleles into an isogenic white 1118 (iso31) background for 5-10 generations. Like dysc mutants, slo 11481 larval synapses exhibited significantly increased bouton areas (Fig. 4A,C). This phenotype was also observed in genetic backgrounds containing trans-heterozygotic combinations of slo 11481, slo 4 (a canonical slo null allele resulting from a large chromosomal inversion), slo 1 (a null or strongly hypomorphic allele) and slo Df (a deficiency removing the slo locus) (supplementary material Fig. S9B,D,F), and was rescued by the introduction of a slo transgene (Fig. 4C) (Ghezzi et al., 2004). Interestingly, in contrast to dysc mutants, synaptic bouton number was not significantly altered in any of the slo mutants we examined (Fig. 4B and supplementary material Fig. S9C,E). This contrasts with previous work reporting that larvae homo- or transheterozygous for three slo alleles (slo 1, slo 98 and slo 4) exhibit a hyper-budding phenotype at larval synapses (Lee and Wu, 2010). Our experiments\nSLO channels impact synaptic development at the larval NMJ\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\nFig. 4. slo and dysc act in the same pathway to regulate synaptic bouton morphology. (A) Representative confocal projections of synapses from control larvae, slo 11481 heterozygotes and homozygotes, dysc s168 homozygotes, and dysc s168, slo 11481 double mutants labeled with anti-HRP. Arrowheads indicate enlarged boutons that are present in slo 11481 and dysc s168 homozygotes, as well as dysc s168, slo 11481 double mutants. Scale bar: 20 μm. (B,C) Average bouton number (B) and bouton area (C) in wild-type controls, slo 11481 heterozygotes, slo and dysc homozygotes, dysc, slo double mutants, and slo 11481 homozygotes harboring a slo rescue construct (B52H). n=10-40 synapses and 195-463 boutons. Values represent mean±s.e.m. *P<0.05; ***P<0.0005; ns, not significant (P>0.05), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test.\ndysc and slo act in a common genetic pathway to regulate synaptic bouton morphology\nTo examine whether slo and dysc are components of the same genetic pathway, we generated slo, dysc double mutants using two independent alleles of dysc and the slo 11481 allele, and compared their synaptic phenotype relative to individual slo and dysc mutations. In relation to bouton size, slo, dysc double mutants exhibited significantly increased bouton size relative to controls (P<0.0001), but were not significantly different when compared with dysc mutations alone (P>0.99, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test) (Fig. 4B,D). Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in bouton size in slo 11481/dysc c03838 transheterozygotes relative to controls and heterozygotes for either allele (supplementary material Fig. S9G), demonstrating a synergistic interaction between the two genes. Unexpectedly, we found that loss of SLO suppressed the reduction in synaptic bouton number observed in dysc mutants (Fig. 4B,C). A number of mechanisms could account for this effect. For example, loss of DYSC may lead to an altered subcellular localization of SLO that results in reduced bouton number, which is rescued by complete loss of SLO. Alternatively, selective loss of SLO in neurons but not in muscle tissue in dysc mutants may affect bouton number, whereas complete loss of SLO does not. We were\nunable to test these competing hypotheses because synaptic SLO could not be detected using our previously described antibody (Jepson et al., 2012) or a SLO::GFP fusion generated using the MiMIC system (Venken et al., 2011) (data not shown). Nonetheless, the genetic interactions between dysc and slo alleles detailed above strongly suggest that DYSC and SLO act in a common pathway to influence synaptic bouton size and number. SLO channels impact active zone structure and Futsch localization\nAs dysc mutants display alterations in the structure of a key AZ complex, we determined whether slo mutants also exhibit similar AZ defects. Under STED microscopy, larvae homozygous for the slo 11481 allele indeed exhibited an increase in BRP ring area and clustering that was almost identical to that seen in dysc larvae (Fig. 5). Larvae lacking a distinct potassium channel, Shaker, did not exhibit either an increase in BRP area or merging of BRP rings, suggesting that the alterations in AZ structure in slo mutants are not due to a general effect of neuronal hyperexcitability (supplementary material Fig. S11). To test whether SLO and DYSC act in the same pathway for the regulation of AZ morphology, we visualized BRP rings in dysc, slo double mutants. The phenotype of dysc, slo double mutants was statistically indistinguishable from each individual mutation (Fig. 5A,B; P>0.27, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test), suggesting that DYSC and SLO act in the same pathway to regulate AZ size. Furthermore, we also observed a mislocalization of synaptic Futsch in slo mutants similar to that observed following loss of DYSC (supplementary material Fig. S12). Collectively, the above data provide evidence that DYSC and SLO act in a common pathway to regulate synaptic morphology, cytoskeletal dynamics and presynaptic macromolecular organization. DYSC and SLO inhibit evoked neurotransmission\nTo test whether DYSC also impacts the physiology of larval synapses, we recorded evoked excitatory junctional currents (EJCs) in muscle 6/7 under voltage-clamp mode. We observed a significant increase in both the EJC amplitude and width in dysc c03838 larvae relative to controls (Fig. 6A-C). The enhancement of the EJC amplitude was rescued by presynaptic expression of a full-length DYSC transgene in dysc c03838 homozygotes (Fig. 6D,E), and there 5\nwere performed at 25°C in an iso31 genetic background, whereas the previous analysis was performed at room temperature in a Canton-S background (Lee and Wu, 2010). Phenotypic effects of mutations may be modified by both environmental conditions and genetic background (Chari and Dworkin, 2013; Dworkin et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2014). Indeed, of the three slo mutants we examined raised at a lower temperature of 18°C (slo 11481 and slo 4 homozygotes, and slo 1/slo 4 transheterozygotes), only slo 4 homozygotes exhibited a measurable increase in synaptic bouton budding (supplementary material Fig. S10). The slo 4 chromosome contains a large inversion that prevents recombination, and it is likely that despite being outcrossed to an iso31 background five times, slo 4 retains a substantial amount of the original background. Thus, slo 4 mutants may harbor additional mutations that impact synaptic development in a temperature-sensitive manner. We conclude that in an iso31 genetic background, SLO channels predominantly act to negatively regulate bouton size rather than suppressing synaptic bouton budding.\nFig. 5. DYSC and SLO act in concert to regulate AZ structure. (A) Representative STED slices of BRP-labeled AZs in wild-type control, individual slo 11481 and dysc c03838 homozygotes, and dysc c03838, slo 11481 double mutant larval synapses. Scale bar: 1 μm. Arrowheads indicate clustered AZs. (B) Average BRP ring area for the above genotypes. Values represent mean±s.e.m. n=40-52 AZs; ns, not significant (P>0.05), ***P<0.0005, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test.\nwas a trend towards a rescue of the increased EJC width in the same genetic background (Fig. 6F). Thus, presynaptic DYSC negatively regulates evoked synaptic transmission. The larger and broader action potentials in dysc mutants would be predicted to result in higher concentrations of intracellular Ca2+. As the levels of intracellular Ca2+ near the sites of neurotransmitter release influence the probability of vesicle fusion (Katz and Miledi, 1963), we examined whether dysc mutants also exhibited alterations in short-term synaptic plasticity using a paired-pulse protocol. Consistent with previous data (Kittel et al., 2006), paired EJCs from wild-type NMJs were approximately constant over an interval of 30-130 ms (supplementary material Fig. S13). By contrast, EJCs from dysc mutant NMJs exhibited significant paired-pulse facilitation over this interval (supplementary material Fig. S13). Thus, in addition to altering the basal properties of evoked currents, DYSC also regulates short-term plasticity.\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\nAs DYSC promotes neuronal SLO channel expression (Jepson et al., 2012), we also tested whether DYSC and SLO act in the same genetic pathway to regulate evoked synaptic transmission by examining evoked currents in slo and dysc, slo double mutants (Fig. 6A-C). Similar, to dysc mutants, slo mutants exhibited a significant increase in EJC amplitude and width (Fig. 6A-C). This contrasts with previous studies that reported no significant alterations of EJC amplitudes in slo mutants (Lee et al., 2008, 2014), but these discrepancies may due to different genetic backgrounds as discussed above. Importantly, dysc, slo double mutants also exhibited increased EJC amplitude and width, and did not show enhanced phenotypes over single mutants (Fig. 6A-C), suggesting that DYSC and SLO act within the same pathway to negatively control evoked synaptic output. DYSC and SLO inhibit spontaneous neurotransmitter release via a Ca2+-independent mechanism\nWe next asked whether DYSC also modulates spontaneous vesicle fusion by examining miniature excitatory junctional currents (mEJCs) from control and dysc c03838 homozygotes (Fig. 7A). We observed a striking (∼250%) increase in the frequency of mEJCs in dysc mutants (Fig. 7A,B), indicating that loss of DYSC results in a substantial enhancement of the probability of spontaneous vesicle release. We also observed a similar increase in mEJC frequency in slo11481 homozygotes, and analysis of mEJCs in dysc, slo double mutants demonstrated that the effects of these mutations were non-additive, as there were no significant differences in mEJC frequency in any of the mutant backgrounds examined (P>0.9, Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc test) (Fig. 7B). In addition, we observed a trend towards reduced mEJC amplitudes in dysc and slo homozygotes, as well as dysc, slo double mutants, but this trend only achieved significance in slo mutants (Fig. 7C). Thus, with regard to spontaneous neurotransmission, DYSC and SLO primarily act in a common pathway to regulate the frequency of synaptic vesicle fusion. As both dysc and slo mutants exhibit structural alterations in AZ architecture, one simple hypothesis is that the larger (and merged)\nFig. 6. DYSC and SLO inhibit evoked synaptic transmission. (A) Representative evoked excitatory junctional current (EJC) traces in wild-type control larvae, dysc and slo homozygotes, and dysc, slo double mutants. EJCs were measured from muscle 6/7. (B,C) Quantification of mean EJC amplitude (B) and width at 50% rise (C) in the above genotypes. n=7-21. (D-F) Representative EJC traces (D) and quantification of mean EJC amplitude (E) and width (F) from dysc mutants carrying a full-length dysc transgene (uas-dysclong) alone or in combination with the pan-neuronal elav-Gal4 driver (elav). n=6-15. Data are presented as modified box plots showing the median, 25th and 75th percentiles. ns, not significant (P>0.05), *P<0.05, **P<0.005, ***P<0.0005, Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc test (B,C) or MannWhitney U-test (E,F).\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\nAZs in dysc and slo mutants facilitate enhanced spontaneous vesicle fusion. The BRP ring-like complex within the AZ surrounds a central core of VGCCs (Kittel et al., 2006). Interestingly, recent work in mammalian synapses has shown that stochastic opening of VGCCs in the AZ is responsible for a substantial proportion of spontaneous neurotransmitter release (Ermolyuk et al., 2013), and that AZ size positively correlates with the frequency of spontaneous neurotransmitter release (Holderith et al., 2012; Matz et al., 2010), presumably via altered VGCC occupancy. If enhanced spontaneous vesicle fusion in dysc and slo mutants was due to an increase in the number of VGCCs within the AZ, this effect should be suppressed by removing extracellular Ca2+. However, recording mEJCs in zero-Ca2+ saline did not alter mEJC frequency or amplitude in either control or mutant backgrounds (Fig. 7B,C). Thus, the effect of DYSC and SLO on spontaneous release is independent of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and may instead be directly due to structural alterations at AZs that facilitate an increased probability of synaptic vesicle fusion. DISCUSSION\nOur work has revealed novel functions for the PDZ domain protein DYSC and its binding partner SLO in modulating diverse aspects of synaptic development and physiology, including synaptic bouton size, cytoskeletal protein localization, AZ structure and synaptic transmission. With respect to synaptic physiology, we found that DYSC acts as a negative regulator of evoked neurotransmission as well as of short-term synaptic plasticity; the alteration in evoked currents in dysc mutants are consistent with the known function of DYSC as a positive regulator of SLO channels (Jepson et al., 2012). Surprisingly, in addition to inhibiting evoked current amplitude and duration, DYSC and SLO also negatively regulate spontaneous neurotransmitter release in a manner that is independent of VGCC channel activation, as increased rates of miniature events are still robustly detected under zero-Ca2+ conditions. This finding raises the intriguing possibility that SLO channels perform non-canonical structural roles that impact spontaneous neurotransmission, as well as synaptic morphology and AZ architecture.\nOne issue emerging from the above results is whether altered AZ structure and spontaneous neurotransmission in dysc and slo mutants arise via a homeostatic response to increased excitability. Loss of specific ion channels in Drosophila has been shown to activate homeostatic transcriptional networks that act to balance excitability (Parrish et al., 2014; Ping and Tsunoda, 2012). In addition, the AZ T-bar itself has been theorized to function as a ‘plasticity module’ that can undergo structural adjustments in response to changes in synaptic input that, in turn, modify the probability of vesicle release (Wichmann and Sigrist, 2010). For example, at the crayfish NMJ, electrophysiological stimulation results in an increased number of AZs containing multiple T-bars (Wojtowicz et al., 1994), similar to the merged BRP rings observed in dysc and slo mutants. However, although we cannot rule out such a mechanism, we argue for a more direct role of the DYSC/ SLO complex in regulating AZ formation and spontaneous neurotransmission. Numerous studies have shown that reducing postsynaptic excitability at the larval NMJ results in a compensatory increase in the probability of neurotransmitter release via a retrograde signaling mechanism (Frank et al., 2006; Muller and Davis, 2012). By contrast, in dysc and slo mutants both evoked and spontaneous neurotransmission are enhanced (Figs 6 and 7), a finding that is inconsistent with a homeostatic negativefeedback model. Given the close proximity of DYSC to synaptic T-bars, we suggest instead that the DYSC/SLO complex directly controls AZ structure in a manner that leads to increased spontaneous vesicle fusion. Such an effect has been demonstrated for Drosophila Neurexin 1 (NRX-1), a synaptic cell-adhesion molecule that is also localized close to T-bars (Li et al., 2007; Owald et al., 2012). Similar to DYSC and SLO, NRX-1 negatively regulates BRP ring size and inhibits merging of BRP rings (Owald et al., 2012); these structural alterations correlate with an increased mEJP frequency in nrx-1 mutants (Li et al., 2007). How the changes in AZ architecture observed in dysc, slo and nrx-1 mutants are linked to enhanced rates of vesicle fusion is unclear. One possibility is that enlarged and misshapen AZs are less efficient at clamping synaptic vesicles to prevent premature exocytosis in the absence of Ca2+ (Huntwork and Littleton, 2007). 7\nFig. 7. DYSC and SLO inhibit spontaneous synaptic transmission independently of extracellular Ca2+. (A) Representative mEJC traces illustrating spontaneous neurotransmitter release from larval presynaptic terminals in wildtype control larvae, dysc and slo homozygotes, and dysc, slo double mutants. (B,C) Mean mEJC frequency (B) and amplitude (C) in 1 mM (+) or 0 mM (−) extracellular Ca2+. n=5-8 per genotype, with each data point representing the average of an individual trace. Data are presented as modified box plots showing the median, 25th and 75th percentiles. ns, not significant (P>0.05), *P<0.05, **P<0.005, Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc test.\nMATERIALS AND METHODS Drosophila genetics and molecular biology\nFlies were reared on standard food containing cornmeal, yeast and molasses at 25°C under 12 h light:12 h dark cycles. The dysc c03838 and dysc s168 P-element insertions have been described previously (Jepson et al., 2012). The elav-Gal4 and 24B-Gal4 stocks, flies harboring the slo 11481 Minos element, a deficiency line that removes the slo locus [w 1118; +; Df(3R)BSC397] and the dysc Mi02729 MiMIC insertion used to generate the dysc::gfp allele were obtained from the Bloomington Stock Center. To control for potential differences in genetic background, all dysc and slo alleles were outcrossed into a white 1118 (iso31) background for 5-10 generations prior to experimentation. The dysc::gfp allele was generated by ΦC31-mediated recombination between a construct containing the GFP/FlASH/StrepII/3×FLAG protein trap and an artificial MiMIC exon in the dysc locus (dysc Mi02729), as described previously (Venken\net al., 2011). Transgenic fly lines containing GFP/FlASH/StrepII/3×FLAG insertions were generated by standard germline transformation (Rainbow Transgenics). Fly head mRNA was extracted using TRIzol (Life Technologies), and reverse transcribed using High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcriptase Kit (Applied Biosystems). See methods in the supplementary material for primer sequences used in this study. Larval behavior\nThird-instar wandering larvae were collected, gently rinsed in PBS and placed on 5% sucrose/2% agar plates. One larva was counted per plate, and the number of peristaltic body wall contractions was measured visually over a 1 min period under a dissecting microscope. Confocal microscopy, immunohistochemistry and quantification of synaptic parameters\nWandering third instar larvae were used for confocal and STED imaging of larval synapses and AZs at muscle 6/7 or muscle 4 of segment 3. For all larval experiments, both sexes were used. Adult brains were dissected and immunostained as described previously (Wu and Luo, 2006). All confocal microscopy was performed using an Olympus Fluoview confocal microscope. Images were contrast enhanced in Adobe Photoshop. Where images of multiple genotypes are presented, all images were subject to the same enhancements. See methods in the supplementary material for further information on quantification of synaptic parameters, antibodies and staining protocols. STED imaging\nSTED images were acquired on a Leica TCS SP5 STED CW microscope with a 100×1.4 NA oil objective. The Alexa 488 secondary antibody was excited with a 488 nm laser line and depleted by a 592 nm laser line. STED images were deconvolved using the built-in deconvolution algorithm of the Leica LAS-AF software (Signal Intensity filter, regulation parameter: 0.010.02). The point spread function was generated using a 2D Lorentz function with the full-width half-maximum set to 70 nm. AZ areas were measured blind with respect to the experimental genotype. Only individual AZs that could be clearly distinguished from other AZs were included in the area measurements. Electrophysiology\nLarvae were dissected and recorded in hemolymph-like saline HL3.1 containing (in mM): 70 NaCl, 5 KCl, 1 CaCl2, 4 MgCl2, 10 NaHCO3, 5 trehalose, 115 sucrose and 5 HEPES ( pH 7.2) as described previously (Feng et al., 2004; Ueda and Wu, 2006). The segmental nerves were severed from the ventral ganglion and stimulated with a suction electrode. Recordings were performed on ventral longitudinal muscle 6/7 in abdominal segments A3-A5 of third instar larvae. All cells selected for recording had resting membrane potentials between −50 and −70 mV. Both spontaneous and evoked postsynaptic currents were recorded while the muscle cell was voltage clamped at −60 mV, using an AxoClamp 2A (Axon Instruments) amplifier in single-electrode voltage clamp mode (switching frequency 10 KHz) and sharp microelectrodes (WPI) filled with 3 M KCl (5-10 MΩ resistance). Acknowledgements We thank Dr Nigel Atkinson and Bloomington and Harvard Drosophila stock centers for fly stocks; Dr Hugo Bellen and Dr Thomas Lloyd for technical advice; and Huihui Pan and Katelyn Kallas for technical assistance.\nCompeting interests The authors declare no competing financial interests.\nAuthor contributions J.E.C.J., M.S., D.L., S.J.leM. and S.L. performed experiments. K.K., I.B.L., M.B.D. and M.N.W. supervised the work. J.E.C.J. and K.K. conceived the project and wrote the manuscript, with contributions from all authors.\nFunding This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [GM088221 (to K.K.); DA022727, MH08642 and MH100093 (to M.B.D.); NS17910 (to I.B.L.), NS079584\nBy what mechanisms might the DYSC/SLO complex influence AZ architecture? SLO channels contain a large intracellular Cterminal domain (Lee and Cui, 2010). Interestingly, recent studies have demonstrated that the C-terminal domain of SLACK channels, BK channel homologs that are potentiated by sodium rather than Ca2+, are bound to by the Fragile-X mental retardation protein in a manner that induces channel activation (Brown et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2012). The C-terminal domain of SLO channels may similarly act as a scaffold to bind synaptic proteins that regulate AZ structure. Alternatively, DYSC may act as the key interacting node via its PDZ domains in a SLO-dependent manner. Distinguishing between these (and other) possibilities will be a productive avenue of future research. The morphological and physiological phenotypes observed in dysc and slo mutants may be mechanistically linked. Recent evidence suggests a causal link between spontaneous neurotransmission and synaptic bouton budding (Choi et al., 2014). Under genetic conditions where spontaneous neurotransmission is inhibited but evoked neurotransmission is maintained, hyper-budding of synaptic boutons is observed at the larval NMJ (Choi et al., 2014). Importantly, mutations in complexin, which result in extremely high frequencies of miniature events due to a loss of pre-fusion clamping of synaptic vesicles, exhibit increased synaptic bouton size (Choi et al., 2014; Huntwork and Littleton, 2007). The enhancement of spontaneous neurotransmission in dysc and slo mutants may therefore contribute to the enlargement of synaptic boutons in both mutant backgrounds. In addition, alterations in the synaptic localization of cytoskeletal protein Futsch may also act to independently increase synaptic bouton size in dysc and slo mutants. Futsch is a microtubule-binding protein that is crucial for synaptic bouton budding (Roos et al., 2000); mutations resulting in loss of Futsch function or the mislocalization of Futsch inhibit correct synaptic bouton budding, resulting in synapses with a reduced number of aberrantly large boutons (Mosca et al., 2012; Pennetta et al., 2002; Roos et al., 2000). We therefore posit a causal role for Futsch in mediating the abnormal development of synaptic boutons that results from loss of DYSC and SLO. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that mislocalization Futsch merely correlates with increases in bouton size in dysc and slo mutants. Mutations in futsch do not affect AZ structure or increase spontaneous neurotransmission (Lepicard et al., 2014), suggesting the alterations in T-bar architecture and spontaneous vesicle release are not downstream of changes in synaptic Futsch localization, but represent parallel pathways by which DYSC and SLO influence synaptic development and physiology. In conclusion, our research sheds new light on the roles of DYSC and its binding partner SLO in the Drosophila nervous system. The mammalian DYSC and SLO homologs whirlin and KCNMA1 may play similar roles in synaptic development and function.\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\n(to M.N.W.)], by a grant from the Farber Family Foundation (I.B.L.) and by a Burroughs-Wellcome Fund Career Award for Medical Scientists (M.N.W.). Deposited in PMC for release after 12 months.\nSupplementary material Supplementary material available online at http://dev.biologists.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1242/dev.109538/-/DC1\nReferences Atwood, H. L., Govind, C. K. and Wu, C.-F. (1993). Differential ultrastructure of synaptic terminals on ventral longitudinal abdominal muscles in Drosophila larvae. J. Neurobiol. 24, 1008-1024. Barrett, J. N., Magleby, K. L. and Pallotta, B. S. (1982). Properties of single calcium-activated potassium channels in cultured rat muscle. J. Physiol. 331, 211-230. Bean, B. P. (2007). The action potential in mammalian central neurons. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 8, 451-465. Brown, M. R., Kronengold, J., Gazula, V.-R., Chen, Y., Strumbos, J. G., Sigworth, F. J., Navaratnam, D. and Kaczmarek, L. K. (2010). Fragile X mental retardation protein controls gating of the sodium-activated potassium channel Slack. Nat. Neurosci. 13, 819-821. Caroni, P., Donato, F. and Muller, D. (2012). Structural plasticity upon learning: regulation and functions. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 13, 478-490. Chari, S. and Dworkin, I. (2013). The conditional nature of genetic interactions: the consequences of wild-type backgrounds on mutational interactions in a genomewide modifier screen. PLoS Genet. 9, e1003661. Choi, B. J., Imlach, W. L., Jiao, W., Wolfram, V., Wu, Y., Grbic, M., Cela, C., Baines, R. A., Nitabach, M. N. and McCabe, B. D. (2014). Miniature neurotransmission regulates Drosophila synaptic structural maturation. Neuron 82, 618-634. Dworkin, I., Kennerly, E., Tack, D., Hutchinson, J., Brown, J., Mahaffey, J. and Gibson, G. (2009). Genomic consequences of background effects on scalloped mutant expressivity in the wing of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 181, 1065-1076. Dyba, M., Jakobs, S. and Hell, S. W. (2003). Immunofluorescence stimulated emission depletion microscopy. Nat. Biotechnol. 21, 1303-1304. Emes, R. D. and Grant, S. G. N. (2012). Evolution of synapse complexity and diversity. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 35, 111-131. Ermolyuk, Y. S., Alder, F. G., Surges, R., Pavlov, I. Y., Timofeeva, Y., Kullmann, D. M. and Volynski, K. E. (2013). Differential triggering of spontaneous 2+ glutamate release by P/Q-, N- and R-type Ca channels. Nat. Neurosci. 16, 1754-1763. Feng, Y., Ueda, A. and Wu, C.-F. (2004). A modified minimal hemolymph-like solution, HL3.1, for physiological recordings at the neuromuscular junctions of normal and mutant Drosophila larvae. J. Neurogenet. 18, 377-402. Frank, C. A., Kennedy, M. J., Goold, C. P., Marek, K. W. and Davis, G. W. (2006). Mechanisms underlying the rapid induction and sustained expression of synaptic homeostasis. Neuron 52, 663-677. Ghezzi, A., Al-Hasan, Y. M., Larios, L. E., Bohm, R. A. and Atkinson, N. S. (2004). slo K(+) channel gene regulation mediates rapid drug tolerance. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 17276-17281. Green, J. A., Yang, J., Grati, M., Kachar, B. and Bhat, M. A. (2013). Whirlin, a cytoskeletal scaffolding protein, stabilizes the paranodal region and axonal cytoskeleton in myelinated axons. BMC Neurosci. 14, 96. Holderith, N., Lorincz, A., Katona, G., Ró zsa, B., Kulik, A., Watanabe, M. and Nusser, Z. (2012). Release probability of hippocampal glutamatergic terminals scales with the size of the active zone. Nat. Neurosci. 15, 988-997. Hu, H., Shao, L. R., Chavoshy, S., Gu, N., Trieb, M., Behrens, R., Laake, P., Pongs, O., Knaus, H. G., Ottersen, O. P. et al. (2001). Presynaptic Ca2+activated K+ channels in glutamatergic hippocampal terminals and their role in spike repolarization and regulation of transmitter release. J. Neurosci. 21, 9585-9597. Huntwork, S. and Littleton, J. T. (2007). A complexin fusion clamp regulates spontaneous neurotransmitter release and synaptic growth. Nat. Neurosci. 10, 1235-1237. Jepson, J. E. C., Shahidullah, M., Lamaze, A., Peterson, D., Pan, H. and Koh, K. (2012). dyschronic, a Drosophila homolog of a deaf-blindness gene, regulates circadian output and Slowpoke channels. PLoS Genet. 8, e1002671. Johnson, E. L., III, Fetter, R. D. and Davis, G. W. (2009). Negative regulation of active zone assembly by a newly identified SR protein kinase. PLoS Biol. 7, e1000193. Katz, B. and Miledi, R. (1963). A study of spontaneous miniature potentials in spinal motoneurones. J. Physiol. 168, 389-422. Kaufmann, N., DeProto, J., Ranjan, R., Wan, H. and Van Vactor, D. (2002). Drosophila liprin-alpha and the receptor phosphatase Dlar control synapse morphogenesis. Neuron 34, 27-38. Kittel, R. J., Wichmann, C., Rasse, T. M., Fouquet, W., Schmidt, M., Schmid, A., Wagh, D. A., Pawlu, C., Kellner, R. R., Willig, K. I. et al. (2006). Bruchpilot\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538\npromotes active zone assembly, Ca2+ channel clustering, and vesicle release. Science 312, 1051-1054. Koenig, J. H. and Ikeda, K. (1999). Contribution of active zone subpopulation of vesicles to evoked and spontaneous release. J. Neurophysiol. 81, 1495-1505. Lee, U. S. and Cui, J. (2010). BK channel activation: structural and functional insights. Trends Neurosci. 33, 415-423. Lee, J. and Wu, C.-F. (2010). Orchestration of stepwise synaptic growth by K+ and Ca2+ channels in Drosophila. J. Neurosci. 30, 15821-15833. Lee, J., Ueda, A. and Wu, C.-F. (2008). Pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms of synaptic strength homeostasis revealed by slowpoke and shaker K+ channel mutations in Drosophila. Neuroscience 154, 1283-1296. Lee, J., Ueda, A. and Wu, C.-F. (2014). Distinct roles of Drosophila cacophony and Dmca1D Ca(2+) channels in synaptic homeostasis: genetic interactions with slowpoke Ca(2+) -activated BK channels in presynaptic excitability and postsynaptic response. Dev. Neurobiol. 74, 1-15. Lepicard, S., Franco, B., de Bock, F. and Parmentier, M.-L. (2014). A presynaptic role of microtubule-associated protein 1/Futsch in Drosophila: regulation of active zone number and neurotransmitter release. J. Neurosci. 34, 6759-6771. Li, J., Ashley, J., Budnik, V. and Bhat, M. A. (2007). Crucial role of Drosophila neurexin in proper active zone apposition to postsynaptic densities, synaptic growth, and synaptic transmission. Neuron 55, 741-755. Liu, K. S. Y., Siebert, M., Mertel, S., Knoche, E., Wegener, S., Wichmann, C., Matkovic, T., Muhammad, K., Depner, H., Mettke, C. et al. (2011). RIM-binding protein, a central part of the active zone, is essential for neurotransmitter release. Science 334, 1565-1569. Matz, J., Gilyan, A., Kolar, A., McCarvill, T. and Krueger, S. R. (2010). Rapid structural alterations of the active zone lead to sustained changes in neurotransmitter release. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 8836-8841. Mburu, P., Mustapha, M., Varela, A., Weil, D., El-Amraoui, A., Holme, R. H., Rump, A., Hardisty, R. E., Blanchard, S., Coimbra, R. S. et al. (2003). Defects in whirlin, a PDZ domain molecule involved in stereocilia elongation, cause deafness in the whirler mouse and families with DFNB31. Nat. Genet. 34, 421-428. McKiernan, E. C. (2013). Effects of manipulating slowpoke calcium-dependent potassium channel expression on rhythmic locomotor activity in Drosophila larvae. PeerJ 1, e57. Mosca, T. J., Hong, W., Dani, V. S., Favaloro, V. and Luo, L. (2012). Transsynaptic Teneurin signalling in neuromuscular synapse organization and target choice. Nature 484, 237-241. Mü ller, M. and Davis, G. W. (2012). Transsynaptic control of presynaptic Ca(2)(+) influx achieves homeostatic potentiation of neurotransmitter release. Curr. Biol. 22, 1102-1108. Nieratschker, V., Schubert, A., Jauch, M., Bock, N., Bucher, D., Dippacher, S., Krohne, G., Asan, E., Buchner, S. and Buchner, E. (2009). Bruchpilot in ribbonlike axonal agglomerates, behavioral defects, and early death in SRPK79D kinase mutants of Drosophila. PLoS Genet. 5, e1000700. Owald, D., Khorramshahi, O., Gupta, V. K., Banovic, D., Depner, H., Fouquet, W., Wichmann, C., Mertel, S., Eimer, S., Reynolds, E. et al. (2012). Cooperation of Syd-1 with Neurexin synchronizes pre- with postsynaptic assembly. Nat. Neurosci. 15, 1219-1226. Parrish, J. Z., Kim, C. C., Tang, L., Bergquist, S., Wang, T., Derisi, J. L., Jan, L. Y., Jan, Y. N. and Davis, G. W. (2014). Kruppel mediates the selective rebalancing of ion channel expression. Neuron 82, 537-544. Pennetta, G., Hiesinger, P. R., Fabian-Fine, R., Meinertzhagen, I. A. and Bellen, H. J. (2002). Drosophila VAP-33A directs bouton formation at neuromuscular junctions in a dosage-dependent manner. Neuron 35, 291-306. Ping, Y. and Tsunoda, S. (2012). Inactivity-induced increase in nAChRs upregulates Shal K(+) channels to stabilize synaptic potentials. Nat. Neurosci. 15, 90-97. Prakriya, M. and Lingle, C. J. (1999). BK channel activation by brief depolarizations requires Ca2+ influx through L- and Q-type Ca2+ channels in rat chromaffin cells. J. Neurophysiol. 81, 2267-2278. Reist, N. E., Buchanan, J., Li, J., DiAntonio, A., Buxton, E. M. and Schwarz, T. L. (1998). Morphologically docked synaptic vesicles are reduced in synaptotagmin mutants of Drosophila. J. Neurosci. 18, 7662-7673. Roos, J., Hummel, T., Ng, N., Klä mbt, C. and Davis, G. W. (2000). Drosophila Futsch regulates synaptic microtubule organization and is necessary for synaptic growth. Neuron 26, 371-382. Sigrist, S. J. and Schmitz, D. (2011). Structural and functional plasticity of the cytoplasmic active zone. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 21, 144-150. Sone, M., Suzuki, E., Hoshino, M., Hou, D., Kuromi, H., Fukata, M., Kuroda, S., Kaibuchi, K., Nabeshima, Y. and Hama, C. (2000). Synaptic development is controlled in the periactive zones of Drosophila synapses. Development 127, 4157-4168. Sü dhof, T. C. (2008). Neuroligins and neurexins link synaptic function to cognitive disease. Nature 455, 903-911. Ueda, A. and Wu, C.-F. (2006). Distinct frequency-dependent regulation of nerve terminal excitability and synaptic transmission by IA and IK potassium channels revealed by Drosophila Shaker and Shab mutations. J. Neurosci. 26, 6238-6248.\nWichmann, C. and Sigrist, S. J. (2010). The active zone T-bar: a plasticity module? J. Neurogenet. 24, 133-145. Wojtowicz, J. M., Marin, L. and Atwood, H. L. (1994). Activity-induced changes in synaptic release sites at the crayfish neuromuscular junction. J. Neurosci. 14, 3688-3703. Wondolowski, J. and Dickman, D. (2013). Emerging links between homeostatic synaptic plasticity and neurological disease. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 7, 223. Wu, J. S. and Luo, L. (2006). A protocol for dissecting Drosophila melanogaster brains for live imaging or immunostaining. Nat. Protoc. 1, 2110-2115. Zhang, Y., Brown, M. R., Hyland, C., Chen, Y., Kronengold, J., Fleming, M. R., Kohn, A. B., Moroz, L. L. and Kaczmarek, L. K. (2012). Regulation of neuronal excitability by interaction of fragile X mental retardation protein with slack potassium channels. J. Neurosci. 32, 15318-15327.\nVenken, K. J. T., Schulze, K. L., Haelterman, N. A., Pan, H., He, Y., Evans-Holm, M., Carlson, J. W., Levis, R. W., Spradling, A. C., Hoskins, R. A. et al. (2011). MiMIC: a highly versatile transposon insertion resource for engineering Drosophila melanogaster genes. Nat. Methods 8, 737-743. Verpelli, C., Schmeisser, M. J., Sala, C. and Boeckers, T. M. (2012). Scaffold proteins at the postsynaptic density. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 970, 29-61. Wagh, D. A., Rasse, T. M., Asan, E., Hofbauer, A., Schwenkert, I., Dü rrbeck, H., Buchner, S., Dabauvalle, M.-C., Schmidt, M., Qin, G. et al. (2006). Bruchpilot, a protein with homology to ELKS/CAST, is required for structural integrity and function of synaptic active zones in Drosophila. Neuron 49, 833-844. Wang, A. D., Sharp, N. P. and Agrawal, A. F. (2014). Sensitivity of the distribution of mutational fitness effects to environment, genetic background, and adaptedness: a case study with Drosophila. Evolution 68, 840-853.\nDevelopment (2014) 141, 1-10 doi:10.1242/dev.109538", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.heritage-harvest.ca/blank", "date": "2019-11-18T21:11:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496669847.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20191118205402-20191118233402-00095.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9613512754440308, "token_count": 565, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__44402282", "lang": "en", "text": "RED FIFE WHEAT\nWhat's so special about Red Fife?\nRed Fife is quickly gaining popularity. It is characterized by an exceptional robust flavour and baking properties. Artisan bakers, pasta makers, health food stores and discerning food-origin conscious cooks who want to work with and use non-GMO products are searching the countryside for this unique heritage grain.\nHISTORY OF RED FIFE\nRed Fife wheat fed Canada for 60 years in the 1800's. By 1860 it was distributed across the country, adapting to a wide range of diverse growing conditions. Red Fife is the parent to several offspring wheat varieties, with \"Marquis\" being the #1 wheat in the early 1900's. Marquis, along with other derivatives ripened a few days earlier and eventually became the farmers choice for planting. Many of the bread wheat in Canada owe part of their genetic lineage to Red Fife and Canadian wheat are some of the finest bread wheat in the world.\nRed Fife is a 'landrace' which means the kernels have uniform shape but with the genetic diversity, common to old varieties, able to adapt to diverse growing conditions. Often referred to as 'folk seeds' or 'farmer varieties', landraces tend to provide farmers with some yield regardless of seasonal conditions.\nOne legend states that a load of bread wheat originating in the Ukraine was on a ship in the Glasgow harbour. A friend of Ontario farmer David A. Fife accidentally dropped his hat into the red coloured wheat, collecting a few seeds in the hatband, which he then shipped off to the farmer Fife. The family cow managed to eat all the wheat heads except for one, which was the beginning of 'Red Fife' wheat in Canada.\nRED FIFE REBORN\nFrom 1900 to 1988 Red Fife was grown in very small quantities by plant breeders' seed collections. Then the 'Heritage Wheat Project' which began in 1988 was an initiative to revisit the heritage wheat varieties.\nIt is challenging to grow and there are very limited quantities being produced for the surging demand of Red Fife.\nLearn more at these resources:\n\"Canada’s oldest successfully grown variety of wheat,\nknown as Red Fife, has found a home at the Ukrainian\nCultural Heritage Village...\"\n\"Red Fife is a variety of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) that David Fife and family began to grow in 1842 in Peterborough Ontario. Legend goes that a friend of Mr. Fife collected a sample...\"\n\"Red Fife wheat is characterized by 3 little awns at the top of the wheat head but is otherwise awnless. The straws can be from 0.9 to 1.5 metres tall...\"", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pinc.ucsd.edu/faq/", "date": "2023-12-04T23:27:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100535.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204214708-20231205004708-00249.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9359250664710999, "token_count": 1181, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__143626290", "lang": "en", "text": "frequently asked questions\nRivers and estuaries play an important role in delivering freshwater and materials such as sediments and contaminants to the coastal ocean. The role of waves in mixing and transporting this material along the coastline is not yet well understood. The non-toxic dye released in this experiment acts as a tracer for these freshwater outflows (plumes), which will help scientists better understand the fate of freshwater and land-derived materials from small plumes as they enter the coastal ocean and the surfzone. The improved understanding of this mixing in the coastal ocean is crucial to quantifying the spreading of sediment, pollutants, larvae, harmful algal blooms, and other important material near the coast where many people live and recreate.\nThe experiment will use an environmentally safe passive tracer called Rhodamine WT. The WT stands for “water tracer” because it is a water-soluble dye. The bright pink fluorescent dye occupies a very different range of wavelengths on the visible light spectrum than the background ocean water, making it straightforward to detect both with our eyes, with underwater sensors, and from above with optical cameras. In the water, an instrument called a fluorometer shines a green light to detect the red light emitted from the dye. The amount of red light is directly proportional to the concentration of the dye in the water, which scientists have calibrated with lab samples.\nThis chemical is not considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). The product contains no substances which, at their given concentration, are considered to be hazardous to health. This product is approved for use by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in water tracing studies.\nScientists will release 15 gallons of dye during each of these dye releases. It will be visible to the naked eye in the water for several hours after the deployment, with small traces detectable by instruments for approximately 24 hours.\nThe project site is the estuary and surrounding coastline at Los Peñasquitos Lagoon, located within Torrey Pines State Beach and Natural Reserve in San Diego, California. The dye will be released near the estuary mouth during an ebb tide, the tidal phase when the water level is falling, so that it is carried out of the estuary into the coastal ocean. This site was chosen as a prime example of a small river plume discharging into the surfzone along a relatively uniform stretch of shoreline.\nYes, permits have been secured and approved from all necessary agencies.\nThis site was chosen because Los Peñasquitos Lagoon/Torrey Pines State Beach provides a prime example of a small river plume discharging into the surfzone along a relatively uniform stretch of coastline. The geography, wave, tide, weather, and river flow conditions make this location ideal for an experiment and a great example of these types of systems, which are found worldwide. Moreover, the location has been the site of many studies by other scientists such that the estuary and beach dynamics are relatively well understood. This site also benefits from a suite of long-term monitoring stations collecting complementary data (from USGS, NOAA, CDIP, NERR). This location was chosen for these physical properties and proximity to other measurements only.\nThe dye dispersal will be tracked in a variety of ways. Since the dye is fluorescent, scientists are able to track it using fluorometers that can measure the fluorescence or light emitted from the dye. These fluorometers, along with Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) sensors, which measure salinity and temperature, will be affixed to poles in the sand in the river mouth and surfzone. A jet ski outfitted with fluorometers, GPS and CTDs will also perform transects, or specified survey routes, along the shoreline. Offshore, beyond the breaking waves, several moorings have been deployed on the seafloor with CTDs, fluorometers, and instruments to measure ocean currents. Additionally, unpiloted aircraft systems (drones) will capture the structure and spatial extent of the dye plume from above, using RGB, hyperspectral, and infrared cameras. Beyond tracking of the dye, oceanographic conditions (waves, currents, tides, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH) will be monitored using sensors affixed to moorings deployed for this project.\nThe dye is nontoxic, so there are no harmful effects from being in the water. There will, however, be a lot of activity from researchers on the day of the dye release. Given this it may be advisable to recreate in an area further south or north of the estuary.\nScripps Institution of Oceanography scientists have successfully conducted nearshore dye experiments (using this same dye) at Huntington State Beach, Calif. (2006), Imperial Beach, Calif., (2009, 2015) and New River, N.C. (2013), and numerous experiments with surfzone, estuary, and offshore instruments. The City of San Diego also did a similar experiment in Mission Bay in 2021, where the dye was released from Rose Creek.\nThis experiment is sponsored by the National Science Foundation (Award #1924005 ). Complementary data at the same site examining estuarine dynamics and estuary mouth sedimentation is funded by the California Department of Parks and Recreation Natural Resources Division, Oceanography Program.\nThis project is led by scientists at UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the University of Washington. Additional collaborators include scientists from Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (Chile), UC Irvine, UC San Diego Mechanical Engineering, and the Naval Postgraduate School. The lead investigator is coastal physical oceanographer Sarah Giddings.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://hackenglish.ru/anglijskij-b1-primery/", "date": "2024-02-23T01:20:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473871.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222225655-20240223015655-00691.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9211928844451904, "token_count": 881, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__155223646", "lang": "en", "text": "английский b1 примеры\nWhy deep-sea exploration remains a great mystery\nSince the dawn of humanity, we have always been fascinated by the unknown. While we have made remarkable progress in exploring the vastness of space, much of our own planet still remains a mystery. One of the most enigmatic and captivating areas that continue to intrigue scientists and adventurers alike is the deep-sea. In this article, we will delve into the complexities and uncertainties surrounding deep-sea exploration, shedding light on why this realm holds such allure.\nThe Depths of the Abyss: Unraveling the Unknown\nThe deep-sea, also known as the abyssal zone, refers to the vast and virtually unexplored area of the ocean lying beyond the reach of sunlight. As we descend into the depths, the pressure rapidly intensifies, creating an environment that is hostile to most forms of life. The darkness is impenetrable, and the extreme conditions pose numerous challenges for researchers. Despite advances in technology, our understanding of this mysterious realm remains limited.\nOne of the main reasons for this lack of knowledge is the immense depth and vastness of the ocean. With over 70% of our planet covered by water, exploring the deep-sea poses logistical challenges that are not easily overcome. The pressure at the ocean floor is crushing, reaching up to 1000 times greater than at the surface, which makes it difficult to develop robust equipment that can withstand such extreme conditions.\nMoreover, the deep-sea is teeming with life forms that have adapted to survive in this hostile environment. From bioluminescent creatures to organisms that thrive near hydrothermal vents, the deep-sea is a haven of species that have evolved unique adaptations. Unraveling the complexities of these ecosystems and understanding their interconnectivity is a daunting task, requiring extensive research and collaborative efforts.\nExploring the Abyss: New Technologies and Discoveries\nWith each passing year, advancements in technology bring us closer to unraveling the secrets of the deep-sea. Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) equipped with high-definition cameras and sophisticated sampling tools allow scientists to explore depths that were once deemed inaccessible. The use of robotic exploration vehicles has revolutionized our ability to study the deep-sea, providing unprecedented insights into its wonders.\nRecent discoveries have astonished scientists and challenged our understanding of life on Earth. From the strange and otherworldly creatures found in the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the ocean, to the discovery of undersea mountains and hidden ecosystems, each exploration mission brings new revelations. With every dive, we uncover more questions than answers, pushing the boundaries of our knowledge.\nDespite the remarkable progress made in deep-sea exploration, much of the abyss remains uncharted. The sheer vastness of the ocean, combined with the challenges posed by extreme conditions and limited resources, means that there is still much to discover. The deep-sea holds the potential for groundbreaking scientific discoveries and the unlocking of mysteries that have eluded us for centuries.\nThe Final Frontier: Deep-Sea Exploration for a Sustainable Future\nDeep-sea exploration not only satisfies our innate curiosity but also holds significant value for our future. The resources found in the deep-sea, such as rare metals and hydrocarbons, have the potential to fuel technological advancements and serve as a vital source for economic growth. Additionally, understanding the complex oceanic ecosystems is crucial for conservation efforts and the sustainable management of resources.\nHowever, it is essential to strike a balance between exploration and preservation. The deep-sea is an incredibly delicate and fragile ecosystem, and any disturbances caused by human activities can have long-lasting effects. Responsible and ethical exploration, guided by scientific knowledge and environmental considerations, is paramount to ensure the preservation of this unique realm and the species that call it home.\nIn conclusion, deep-sea exploration continues to captivate our imagination, offering a glimpse into the mysterious and unknown. The challenges posed by extreme conditions and limited resources make the exploration of the abyss an ongoing endeavor, filled with uncertainty and excitement. As we dive deeper into the depths of the ocean, our thirst for knowledge grows, and the potential for groundbreaking discoveries beckons us forward. The deep-sea remains a great mystery, yet to be fully unraveled.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://windwardgoods.com/pages/hemp-cbd-benefits", "date": "2022-09-25T11:16:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030334528.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220925101046-20220925131046-00652.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9403423070907593, "token_count": 743, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__289484613", "lang": "en", "text": "HUMAN ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM\nResearch suggests that regular doses of naturally occurring CBD may help relieve pain, speed recovery, reduce stress and regulate sleep.\nHaving only been discovered in recent decades, the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a biological system composed of endocannabinoids (endo meaning they occur naturally in the body), or neurotransmitters, that bind to cannabinoid receptors present throughout the body. The main function of the ECS is to maintain bodily homeostasis, a state of internal balance and physical wellbeing.\nResearch has shown that the ECS is involved in a wide variety of processes including pain, memory, mood, appetite, stress, sleep, metabolism, immune and reproductive functions. Science has proven that endocannabinoids support the body’s inflammatory response by targeting CB1 receptors in the central nervous system and CB2 receptors found in the peripheral nervous systems, especially immune cells.\nIt has also been found that natural cannabinoids from Hemp and other plants help support the ECS and enhance its signaling. CBD is believed to augment the action of endocannabinoids thus supporting their effect on the body. This suggests that regular doses of naturally occurring cannabinoids might act as a tonic to our most central healing system.\nCommon Hemp CBD Health Benefits\nMuscle and Joint Support\nCBD has been found to modulate the levels of cytokines and chemokines—key mediators of the inflammatory response. In addition, CBD and other phytocannabinoids interact with vanilloid type-1 receptors (TRPV1), also called the capsaicin receptor, which is responsible for sensations of pain, heat and inflammation.\nIt is well-known that high stress can lead to problems with relaxation, sleep induction and sleep maintenance which all impact how easy it is to fall and stay asleep. In recent clinical evaluations, a majority of individuals with self-reported anxiety and poor sleep were found to have improved sleep scores after consuming CBD.\nAnxiety and Stress Relief\nEmerging evidence continues to explain the anxiolytic (anxiety reducing) effects of CBD, even though all of the details are yet to be defined. Preliminary research demonstrates that elevated doses of CBD can impact cortisol levels—which, when properly moderated, can help you deal more calmly with stressful situations.\nBetter your health | Better your adventures\nHemp CBD for Athletic Performance\nWe push ourselves both physically and mentally in sport, training and strenuous activity, which can lead to exhaustion, soreness and even pain. As an inflammation modulator, Hemp CBD has the potential to hasten muscle recovery and can help provide relief from occasional aches and pains which limit athletic performance.\nAnother essential component to physical fitness is sleep—it aids in both muscle and energy recovery. Hemp CBD has the potential to support sleep regularity by modulating cortisol levels that can heighten stress when not properly balanced. In turn, more restful sleep further strengthens the body’s response to stress in a type of CBD virtuous cycle.\nHemp CBD + Botanicals\nWhile Hemp CBD has many physical and mental benefits—and can provide immense amounts of support—it’s not a cure-all for all ailments. At Windward, we combine Hemp with other therapeutic botanicals and adaptogens, which are plants that help the mind and body cope with stress. Our proprietary formulations create a greater effect than CBD alone, and we believe the synergy between plants and their active compounds is what truly enhances the entourage effect when taken in combination.\nLearn More in our Botanical Glossary", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://blog.tourismharrison.com/?m=200911", "date": "2013-05-19T20:35:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698063918/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095423-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9306924939155579, "token_count": 196, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__56822347", "lang": "en", "text": "Did you know that the Harrison River has one of the largest concentrations of bald eagles in North America in a one square mile radius? Yes they are right here in your backyard. With over 2000 eagles feeding on the spawning salmon in the area it truly is a sight to see. The best way to experience the eagles is by boat and two tour companies based in Harrison Hot Springs will take visitors to view the eagles and most likely you will also see heron, seals, bears and spawning salmon.\nThe Fraser Valley Bald Eagle Festival celebrates the bald eagle with their annual event Nov 21/22. Several sites have been established in and around the Eastern Fraser Valley with activities and viewing sites. Be sure to check them out at www.fraservalleybaldeaglefestival.ca. Conservationist and author David Hancock through the Hancock Wildlife Foundation have set several eagle cams in the area. Visit www.hancockwildlife.org to view them.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.innovistasensors.com/innovistaed16_innovista-sensors-valence-discussing-about-bees/", "date": "2019-06-25T21:57:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627999948.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20190625213113-20190625235113-00549.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.934698224067688, "token_count": 363, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__139717125", "lang": "en", "text": "InnoVista Sensors™ selected biodiversity and bees as their first topic to launch the Environment Days in Valence. Wilfried Sanchez from the Rovaltain Foundation and Gabriel Faysse from Apiculture Urbaine presented the importance of bees, their role in food chain and their contribution on our world. We learnt that, each year, bees directly impact 153 milliards € in the agriculture market with 35% of our food tonnage strongly or totally dependant on animal pollination (from cultures to vegetables, fruit trees, oilseed crops,…). Meanwhile, the bee mortality rate in France is about 15% but reaches a frightening 80% in some parts of the world. Several factors are responsible for the disappearance of bees: pesticides are not the only ones to be blamed but also air pollution, multiplication of electromagnetic waves (high voltage powerlines for instance), as well as climatic changes, endocrine disruptors, etc. At the same time, apiculture has become global with swarms of bees being imported to Europe without paying attention to local seasonality nor to geographical specificity. This can directly impacts the way bees feed, their capacity to resist diseases, their fecundation and pollination rates. Gabriel Faysse, the beekeeper looking after our InnoVista Sensors™ beehives explains that they are hosted in the “Drôme des Collines” where Acacia trees, Lime trees, Chestnut trees and Lavender fields that are located within 3kms radius. Due to the very humid climatic conditions, our first honey jars will mostly be from chestnut and lavender flowers. We should receive our first delivery in September… Many thanks to Gabriel Fraysse and Wilfried Sanchez and to InnoVista employees who attended the conference.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.globalweightmanagement.org/how-to-recover-effectively-after-workouts/", "date": "2023-12-06T13:32:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100599.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206130723-20231206160723-00885.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9465753436088562, "token_count": 1683, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__201256318", "lang": "en", "text": "You’ve just pushed through a hard workout. You are sweaty, sore, tired and (hopefully) feeling good about doing something beneficial for your mind and body. What should you do now to recover? Is there anything that you can do that will allow you to bounce back more effectively and capitalise on the work you have been doing in the gym? The short answer is yes, definitely.\nWhat we eat and drink around our workouts and throughout our day can dramatically affect recovery rates. There are many nutrients and nutrient groups that help boost recovery, but there are four that are particularly important. These are water, electrolytes, protein and carbohydrates.\nI think we all know by now how vital water is. Given how much of it we use during exercise, especially in things like sweat, it is important that we replace the amount we lose both during and after a workout. It is recommended to replace the water lost during a workout, plus 25 to 50% to help with recovery (weight lost on grams during workout x 1.25 to 1.5 = required millilitres of water). By having enough water in the body, toxins and byproducts left over from exercising can be removed more efficiently and nutrients can be delivered to the areas that need them the most.\nAlongside water, we tend to use and secrete minerals such as potassium, sodium and calcium at an accelerated rate when exercising. Just like water, if levels of these minerals, or as they are more commonly known – electrolytes – fall too low, cognitive and physical function can be affected. This can lead to cramping, muscle soreness and in some rare cases, seizures. All of this will negatively impact recovery and health. So, after a long, sweaty session at the gym, or a run outside, it could be a good move to consume an electrolyte mix/ premade drink, or foods such as bananas, oranges and peanuts which are high in these much-needed minerals.\nThis is a big one for many people who work out. The focus should be on regularly consuming protein throughout the day to promote the building and repair of muscles, bones and other tissues. The amount needed per person per day depends on their sex, size and activity levels, but can range anywhere from 0.8g per kg of body weight through to as high as 2-2.4g per kg of body weight (even higher for some endurance athletes).\nThere is merit to consuming good quality protein shortly after a workout, as it helps replenish depleted levels and further encourages the building/repair process. Experts recommend anywhere from 20-40 grams of protein from sources such as poultry, Greek yoghurt, milk, nut butters, and plant and animal-based protein powders to name a few. Keep in mind we do absorb nutrients more effectively from whole foods compared to supplements, but protein powder can be more time-effective to consume, especially with a busy schedule.\nFor most moderate to high-intensity workouts, we predominantly use some form of carbohydrate to fuel our movements. Therefore, it is important to stock up before and after a workout to a. give us enough energy to perform the workout and b. recover and not feel so tired after the workout.\nSimple carbohydrates can be great for a high, short release of energy, whereas complex carbohydrates are great for a longer-lasting, lower release of energy. Given how long it takes to digest complex carbohydrates, it is recommended to eat them two to three hours before a workout, mainly to avoid stomach cramps, whereas simple carbohydrates can be consumed 60 to 90 minutes before a workout as they are digested faster.\nGood sources of both simple and complex carbohydrates include apples, bananas, blueberries, brown rice, potatoes, rolled oats and whole wheat pastas and breads.\nPassive and active recovery\nOf all the things spoken about in this article, sleep is probably the most important when it comes to recovery and repair after a workout. During sleep, our bodies clear out any leftover byproducts and toxins and dedicate more energy to supercharging the repair and building process. Without enough of it, or without the right type of it, our ability to bounce back after a hard workout and maximise our gains will be greatly diminished. As adults, we should aim for seven to nine hours of uninterrupted sleep every night, with children needing slightly more and older adults needing slightly less.\nA great way to further improve recovery is to get a massage. Massage can help to alleviate sore and overworked muscles, increase range of motion and promote blood flow throughout the body, improving the delivery of nutrients. Plus, a massage promotes the release of endorphins, dopamine and serotonin, which help to reduce stress levels and promote feelings of well-being and relaxation.\nCold showers and ice baths\nSome gymgoers and athletes regularly have cold showers and ice baths straight after a workout to promote recovery. It is thought that the constriction and dilation of blood vessels brought on by the different temperatures helps to remove waste products produced during a workout, which leads to less muscle soreness and a quicker recovery time. They have also been shown to stimulate the release of norepinephrine, which can provide a boost to mood and energy levels.\nCold showers and ice baths are not for everyone though and if you have any heart or cardiovascular condition/s, please speak to your healthcare provider before jumping into one.\nPeriodisation of training\nFinally, as we become fitter and stronger, we should be able to lift more and handle more cardiovascular activity. But, if we are constantly pushing our bodies without adequate rest, our ability to recover and rebuild will diminish and the chances of injuring ourselves will increase. A good training program should include both periods of loading and de-loading to maximise recovery and gains.\nAs most muscle groups take 24 to 48 hours to recover after a workout, it is a good idea to rotate through targeting different muscle groups and training methods throughout the week, month and year. For most people, it is also good to have one to two days off from exercising every week to relax and recover. There is also nothing wrong with taking two to seven days off or working at a much lighter intensity every few months. This will further encourage recovery and often helps to break through training plateaus.\nHopefully, the information in this article helps you to maximise the results from your workout routine. Remember that what you eat and how you recover can be just as important for achieving your goals as what you are doing in the gym.\nBodybuilding.com. (n.d.) Protein Calculator: How Much Protein Do I Need? Retrieved September 10, 2023 from https://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/calpro.htm\nKummer, M. (2023, September 10). 11 Ice Bath Benefits (And Why Cold Plunging Works). Michael Kummer. https://michaelkummer.com/health/ice-bath-benefits/\nMeyer, M., & Ball, J. (2023, January 7). The Best Carbs to Eat Before and After a Workout. Eating Well. https://www.eatingwell.com/article/8022615/best-carbs-to-eat-before-after-workout/#:~:text=Examples%20of%20complex%20carb-rich%20foods%20to%20load%20up,whole-wheat%20pasta%2C%20blueberries%2C%20raspberries%2C%20apples%2C%20potatoes%20and%20yams.\nQuinn, E., Lau, M. (2023, May 9). 10 Tips to Speed Recovery After Exercise. A Guide To Recovering Post-Workout. Verywellfit. https://www.verywellfit.com/ways-to-speed-recovery-after-exercise-3120085\nSports Dieticians Australia. (n.d.). Fluids in Sport. Retrieved September 10, 2023, from https://www.sportsdietitians.com.au/factsheets/fuelling-recovery/fluids-in-sport/", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kayteestore.com.au/", "date": "2020-02-23T13:35:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145774.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20200223123852-20200223153852-00201.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9810681939125061, "token_count": 131, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__141555629", "lang": "en", "text": "\"In general, because of poor survivability of these coronaviruses on surfaces, there is likely very low risk of spread from products or packaging that are shipped over a period of days or weeks at ambient temperatures. Coronaviruses are generally thought to be spread most often by respiratory droplets. Currently there is no evidence to support transmission of Covid-19 associated with imported goods and there have not been any cases of Covid-19 in the United States associated with imported goods,\" the CDC wrote on its website. NSW Health agrees. \"The risk of this virus being present on imported packages or products is negligible,\" its website said.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://chaplinslab.wordpress.com/2016/07/13/nsf-project-awarded-to-chaplin-group/", "date": "2019-07-22T13:11:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195528013.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20190722113215-20190722135215-00042.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.906540036201477, "token_count": 473, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__50517473", "lang": "en", "text": "ChE Assistant Professor Brian Chaplin was awarded a new NSF-grant entitled “Multifunctional Electro-reactive Membranes for Efficient Biomass Separation”. The grant is for $160,000 with an effective start date of 9/1/2016.\nThis collaborative research project will develop efficient, scalable, and multifunctional reactive electrochemical membranes (REMs) for sustainable biomass harvesting and production of value-added products derived from biomass (e.g., biofuels and specialty chemicals). Biomass separation using membrane filtration is characterized by high operational cost due to severe membrane fouling and the need for frequent backwashing. The proposed research will use the REMs to mitigate membrane fouling, pretreat biomass to facilitate economical harvesting, and remove the toxic inhibitors that will promote water reuse. The research outcomes will advance the fundamental science and engineering in biomass separation, and potentially lead to critical, transformative technologies for biomass and food processing, drinking water treatment, and biomolecule purification in the pharmaceutical industries.\nThis work will use algae as a model biomass organism, and will focus on characterizing membrane fouling, water reuse for algae regrowth, and electrochemical pre-treatment of algal cells. Specific research tasks include (1) synthesis and characterization of a suite of tailored monolithic or nanofibrous REMs for algal recovery; (2) evaluation of algae separation efficiency, permeate water treatment, and anti-fouling properties of REMs; (3) elucidation of algae cell disruption and underlying mechanisms of electrochemical oxidation using microfluidic experiments; and (4) experimental and modeling assessment of membrane fouling and regeneration.\nThe results of this project are anticipated to lead to transformative solutions that address the grand challenges at the energy-water nexus. First, the research will provide fundamental guidelines to the design of REMs with excellent filtration performance, flexible design, and durability of operation. Secondly, the research will promote water and nutrient reuse in waste streams or cultivation media, which reduces water or energy footprints of renewable energy production. Thirdly, the project will train and mentor at least three Ph.D. students and a large number of undergraduate and senior high school students that will be recruited from underrepresented groups in STEM at the three collaborating institutions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://davidtoddmiller.com/effects-of-sugar-on-the-body/", "date": "2023-11-29T09:28:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100057.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129073519-20231129103519-00049.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9322744607925415, "token_count": 2089, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__261516355", "lang": "en", "text": "The Effects of Sugar on the Body\nSugar, the sweet seductress that lingers on our palates and in our lives, is perhaps one of the most prevalent and yet misunderstood ingredients in our modern diets. Found in sugary snacks, decadent desserts, fizzy soft drinks, and hidden in the darkest corners of processed foods, sugar’s omnipresence is undeniable. But what if I told you that sugar’s effects on your body extend far beyond a fleeting indulgence of your sweet tooth? In this comprehensive exploration, we’re delving deep into the intricate world of sugar and its profound impacts on the human body. Brace yourselves, because this journey will take us through the sweet beginning, the tumultuous sugar rollercoaster, and the multi-faceted effects on the body that extend from the brain to your very cells.\nThe Sweet Beginning\nLet’s start at the sweet beginning – the moment sugar touches your lips. As you savor that piece of cake or sip that sugary soda, your body embarks on a remarkable journey to break down the sweetness into something your cells can use for energy.\nWhen you consume sugar, the body springs into action. Simple sugars like glucose and fructose are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, providing a quick surge of energy. This is why you might feel an almost instant pick-me-up after indulging in a sugary treat. However, the story doesn’t end here.\nIn response to rising blood sugar levels, your body activates a highly sophisticated system. The pancreas releases insulin, a hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. Insulin acts as the key that unlocks your cells, allowing them to absorb glucose from the bloodstream. When everything works as intended, it’s a finely tuned process, and your blood sugar remains within a healthy range.\nThe Sugar Rollercoaster\nBut what happens when you consume excessive amounts of sugar? Here’s where the sugar rollercoaster comes into play.\nPicture this: you enjoy a generous serving of your favorite sugary delight, and your blood sugar levels skyrocket. Suddenly, you’re full of energy and vitality. It’s the sugar rush. However, it’s short-lived. Soon enough, your blood sugar levels plummet, sending you on a sugar crash. You feel tired, sluggish, and often, you’re left craving even more sugar to replicate that initial high.\nThis cycle of spikes and crashes is what nutritionists and health experts refer to as the sugar rollercoaster, and it can wreak havoc on your body over time.\nThe Effects on the Body\nLet’s delve into the brain’s response to sugar. Excessive sugar consumption can lead to addiction-like responses in this incredibly complex organ. When you consume sugar, it triggers the release of dopamine, often referred to as the “feel-good” neurotransmitter.\nThis surge of pleasure in response to sugar can be intense. It’s why sugary foods are so enticing. Over time, this pleasurable experience can lead to cravings and overconsumption, akin to the effects of certain addictive substances.\nIt’s not surprising that many people find it difficult to resist sugary treats when they stimulate the brain’s reward centers in such a powerful way. In fact, some researchers have even likened sugar addiction to drug addiction.\nYour heart, the tirelessly pumping muscle that keeps you alive, is significantly affected by sugar consumption. High sugar intake is associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Here’s how it happens:\n- Blood Pressure: Sugar, especially in the form of fructose, can contribute to high blood pressure. High blood pressure is a well-known risk factor for heart disease and stroke.\n- Inflammation: Excessive sugar intake can lead to chronic inflammation in the body. Inflammation is a driving force behind many chronic diseases, including heart disease.\n- Fatty Deposits: Over time, high sugar consumption can contribute to the buildup of fatty deposits in your arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis. These fatty deposits can narrow and stiffen the arteries, making it harder for blood to flow and increasing the risk of heart attacks.\nThese factors combined make sugar a substantial contributor to heart disease, which remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide.\nYour liver, a remarkable organ with a multitude of functions, plays a critical role in processing sugar. When you consume too much sugar, it can overload your liver and lead to a cascade of problems.\nFatty Liver Disease: One of the most common issues related to excessive sugar consumption is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). As the name suggests, NAFLD causes the liver to accumulate excess fat, which can impair its function and even lead to more severe liver conditions.\nInsulin Resistance: The constant demand placed on your liver to process sugar can also lead to insulin resistance. This is a condition where your cells become less responsive to insulin’s signals, causing your body to produce even more insulin to maintain blood sugar levels. Over time, this can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes.\nType 2 Diabetes: Long-term excessive sugar consumption can indeed lead to type 2 diabetes. In this condition, your body is unable to regulate blood sugar effectively, resulting in high and unstable blood sugar levels.\nThe battle against the bulge is one that many people face, and sugar can be a significant adversary. Sugar is calorie-dense, which means it’s packed with calories but devoid of essential nutrients. This makes it easy to consume more calories than you realize when indulging in sugary treats.\nMoreover, sugary foods often lack the satiating power of whole, nutritious foods. They don’t fill you up as effectively, which can lead to overeating and, ultimately, weight gain. This is why you might find yourself reaching for that second or third cookie before feeling full.\nThe impact of sugar on weight gain goes beyond just its caloric content. The rollercoaster effect we discussed earlier, with its rapid spikes and crashes in blood sugar, can lead to increased hunger and cravings. This, in turn, makes it even more challenging to maintain a healthy weight.\nThe effects of sugar on dental health are a well-known fact, and you might have experienced it yourself. Sugar is like a feast for the harmful bacteria in your mouth. These bacteria thrive on sugar, producing acids that can erode your tooth enamel and lead to dental issues.\nOver time, excessive sugar consumption can result in tooth decay, cavities, and gum disease. It’s not just about the quantity of sugar you consume; it’s also about the frequency of exposure. Constantly snacking on sugary foods or sipping on sugary drinks throughout the day exposes your teeth to repeated acid attacks, compounding the risk of dental problems.\nWays to Reduce Sugar Intake\nNow that we’ve explored the extensive effects of sugar on the body, let’s talk about practical steps you can take to reduce your sugar consumption and make healthier choices. Remember, it’s not about complete deprivation, but rather finding a balanced approach that supports your health.\nA great place to start is by becoming a savvy food label reader. Pay close attention to food labels and ingredient lists. Look for hidden sugars, which can go by various names such as high fructose corn syrup, sucrose, maltose, and any ingredient ending in “ose.”\nManufacturers often use different forms of sugar, making it challenging to spot added sugars. By scrutinizing food labels, you can make more informed choices and select products with less added sugar.\nChoose Whole Foods\nOpt for whole foods whenever possible. Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins should form the foundation of your diet. These natural foods contain naturally occurring sugars, along with essential nutrients and fiber.\nThe difference between the sugar in whole foods and added sugars is significant. Whole foods provide a slower, more balanced release of sugar into the bloodstream due to their fiber content. This helps regulate blood sugar levels and prevents the dramatic spikes and crashes associated with sugary processed foods.\nLimit Sugary Beverages\nSugary beverages, such as soda, fruit juices, sports drinks, and even some seemingly innocent “health drinks,” are some of the worst culprits when it comes to sugar consumption. They can be a major source of added sugars in your diet.\nSwap out sugary drinks for water, herbal teas, or other unsweetened beverages. This small change can significantly reduce your daily sugar intake while also benefiting your overall health.\nWhile we’ve discussed the detrimental effects of excessive sugar consumption, it’s important to recognize that you don’t have to eliminate sugary treats from your life entirely. Enjoying the occasional dessert or sugary indulgence is a normal part of life.\nThe key is moderation. Be mindful of portion sizes and the frequency of your indulgences. Treat sugary foods as an occasional and special treat rather than a daily habit.\nIn conclusion, the effects of sugar on the body extend far beyond the temporary pleasure it provides to our taste buds. Excessive sugar consumption can lead to a host of health issues, including weight gain, heart disease, and even addiction-like responses in the brain.\nIt is crucial to be aware of the hidden sugars in our diets and to make informed choices to prioritize our health and well-being. Remember, moderation and balance are the keys to a healthier relationship with sugar. By adopting these practices, you can not only enjoy the occasional sweet treat but also protect your body from the adverse effects of excessive sugar consumption.\nIn a world where sugar is abundant and often hard to resist, knowledge and mindful choices become our greatest allies in the quest for better health. Your body will thank you for it in the long run. So, let’s embark on a journey towards a healthier, happier, and more balanced relationship with sugar – one that benefits both your body and your overall well-being.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://onelittleduck.wordpress.com/page/2/", "date": "2017-04-30T12:44:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917125532.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031205-00173-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9712221026420593, "token_count": 408, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__153136004", "lang": "en", "text": "Dec 19th 2007\nThe era of the hunter-gatherer was not the social and environmental Eden that some suggest\nHUMAN beings have spent most of their time on the planet as hunter-gatherers. From at least 85,000 years ago to the birth of agriculture around 73,000 years later, they combined hunted meat with gathered veg. Some people, such as those on North Sentinel Island in the Andaman Sea, still do. The Sentinelese are the only hunter-gatherers who still resist contact with the outside world. Fine-looking specimens—strong, slim, fit, black and stark naked except for a small plant-fibre belt round the waist—they are the very model of the noble savage. Genetics suggests that indigenous Andaman islanders have been isolated since the very first expansion out of Africa more than 60,000 years ago.\nAbout 12,000 years ago people embarked on an experiment called agriculture and some say that they, and their planet, have never recovered. Farming brought a population explosion, protein and vitamin deficiency, new diseases and deforestation. Human height actually shrank by nearly six inches after the first adoption of crops in the Near East. So was agriculture “the worst mistake in the history of the human race”, as Jared Diamond, evolutionary biologist and professor of geography at the University of California, Los Angeles, once called it?\nTake a snapshot of the old world 15,000 years ago. Except for bits of Siberia, it was full of a new and clever kind of people who had originated in Africa and had colonised first their own continent, then Asia, Australia and Europe, and were on the brink of populating the Americas. They had spear throwers, boats, needles, adzes, nets. They painted pictures, decorated their bodies and believed in spirits. They traded foods, shells, raw materials and ideas. They sang songs, told stories and prepared herbal medicines.\nThey were “hunter-gatherers”.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.thevortexnewspaper.com/2019/02/15/bees-can-understand-symbols-solve-maths/", "date": "2021-10-27T06:53:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323588102.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20211027053727-20211027083727-00711.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9326114654541016, "token_count": 464, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__41725925", "lang": "en", "text": "Bees Can Understand Symbols, Solve Maths\nResearchers have found bees can do basic mathematics, in a discovery that expands our understanding of the relationship between brain size and brain power.\nBuilding on their finding that honeybees can understand the concept of zero, Australian and French researchers set out to test whether bees could perform arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction.\nSolving maths problems requires a sophisticated level of cognition, involving the complex mental management of numbers, long-term rules and short term working memory.\nThe revelation that even the miniature brain of a honeybee can grasp basic mathematical operations has implications for the future development of Artificial Intelligence, particularly in improving rapid learning.\nLed by researchers from RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia, the new study showed bees can be taught to recognise colours as symbolic representations for addition and subtraction, and that they can use this information to solve arithmetic problems.\nRMIT’s Associate Professor Adrian Dyer said numerical operations like addition and subtraction are complex because they require two levels of processing.\n“You need to be able to hold the rules around adding and subtracting in your long-term memory, while mentally manipulating a set of given numbers in your short-term memory,” Dyer said.\n“On top of this, our bees also used their short-term memories to solve arithmetic problems, as they learned to recognise plus or minus as abstract concepts rather than being given visual aids.\n“Our findings suggest that advanced numerical cognition may be found much more widely in nature among non-human animals than previously suspected.\n“If maths doesn’t require a massive brain, there might also be new ways for us to incorporate interactions of both long-term rules and working memory into designs to improve rapid AI learning of new problems.”\nThere is considerable debate around whether animals know or can learn complex number skills.\nMany species can understand the difference between quantities and use this to forage, make decisions and solve problems. But numerical cognition, such as exact number and arithmetic operations, requires a more sophisticated level of processing.\nPrevious studies have shown some primates, birds, babies and even spiders can add and/or subtract. The new research, published in Science Advances, adds bees to that list.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://hplc2022.org/scientific-program/", "date": "2022-08-18T13:22:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00227.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8616762161254883, "token_count": 329, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__168764708", "lang": "en", "text": "World-renowned Experts Presenting Discoveries, Best Practices, Techniques and Applications\nWe invite you to attend the longest running, most recognized international chromatographic conference in the world shaping the future of separations and analyses carried out in the liquid-phase. HPLC 2022 is the 50th International Symposium and Exposition on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques and will take place on June 18-23, 2022 in San Diego, California USA.\nThe symposium will bring together scientists at all professional levels involved with all aspects of liquid-phase separations from fundamental research to practice, to provide a dynamic program with cutting-edge presentations and engaging scientific sessions covering a myriad of topics, and to offer wide opportunities for training, networking and informal discussion.\nTopics broadly include medicine, biology, environment, manufacturing, agriculture, and the science underlying separation processes. Special emphasis will be on the life sciences where scientists and researchers from around the world will present the latest trends and issues in areas such as column technologies, 3D-printing, multidimensional LC, capillary LC, SFC, micro- and nanofluidics, omics, mass spectrometry, electrophoresis, sample preparation, theory of the chromatographic separation processes, machine learning and artificial intelligence, natural products, food, environment, sustainability, emerging markets, as well as a myriad of other topics related to liquid-phase separations and analyses.\nI look forward to seeing you in San Diego at the HPLC 2022 symposium.\nProfessor Frantisek (Frank) Svec\nHPLC 2022 Symposium Chair", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.sheratondallashotel.com/dallas-world-aquarium", "date": "2018-08-15T19:23:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221210249.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20180815181003-20180815201003-00481.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.913459300994873, "token_count": 107, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-34__0__216379443", "lang": "en", "text": "Dallas World Aquarium\nOpen 7 days a week from 9am - 5pm\nThe Dallas World Aquarium is located in downtown Dallas in the West End Historic District, and located just a 5 minute drive from Sheraton Dallas Hotel.\nThe aquarium houses threatened or endangered species that are unique to specific parts of the world. Enjoy the exotic birds, wildlife species, and more at this exciting aquarium.\nAdult - $20.95\nChild - $14.95\nSenior - $16.95\nChildren under 2 - free", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.breastcancertreatment.in/chemotherapy1.htm", "date": "2018-02-23T16:21:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891814801.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20180223154626-20180223174626-00510.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9574394822120667, "token_count": 400, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__240505710", "lang": "en", "text": "Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer\nChemotherapy is the process in which cancer-killing drugs are either injected into the body or are given as oral pills. Chemotherapy usually follows surgery for breast cancer. Sometimes it may be given together with surgery as well as radiotherapy. Hormone therapy may be used as a follow-up treatment.\nDrugs used in chemotherapy for breast cancer are similar to other cancers but the protocol for giving them may vary. The doctor decides the treatment plan for each individual. He/she will also determine how long and how often chemotherapy treatments must continue.\nChemotherapy, often shortened to just \"chemo,\" is a systemic therapy which affects the whole body since the drugs pass through the blood. It affects both normal cells as well as cancer cells.\nGenerally, chemotherapy is given in cycles - which means that the drugs are given for 4-6 weeks and then a rest period of a few weeks is allowed. Then the treatment is repeated.\nSpecific treatment is based on:\n- Overall health of the patient.\n- The type and stage of the cancer.\n- Whether the patient is still menstruating.\n- Reactions to and tolerance of specific drugs.\nTypes of Chemotherapy: There are three types of chemotherapy:\n- Neoadjuvent Chemotherapy: This is a type of chemotherapy which is given before surgery to shrink the tumors and make the operation easier for both the surgeon as well as the patient.\n- Adjuvent Chemotherapy: In this case, chemotherapy is given after the surgery to treat any cancer cells which may still be present in the body in the chest wall of lymph nodes or which has spread elsewhere in the body.\n- Palliative Chemotherapy: It is used to control (but not cure) the cancer in women in whom the cancer has spread beyond the breast and localized lymph nodes. It helps to control various symptoms like pain etc, and makes the remaining years of the life of the patient somewhat easier.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://audubonadventures.org/Raptors.htm", "date": "2018-12-13T05:20:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376824448.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20181213032335-20181213053835-00581.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9642933011054993, "token_count": 382, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__158695473", "lang": "en", "text": "Owls, eagles, hawks, falcons, kites, and ospreys are raptors, or birds of prey. “Prey” is another word for an animal that is hunted for food. The word “raptor” is based on an old word that means “to seize and carry away.” And that’s exactly what raptors do! They use powerful, curved claws called talons to catch their prey and carry it away. Then they tear into the meal with their sharp, hooked beaks.\nBald eagles and ospreys feed mainly on fish. Peregrine falcons catch birds. Tiny American kestrels nab insects, lizards, small snakes, and mice. Big golden eagles carry off jackrabbits, prairie dogs, and other medium-sized mammal prey. These are raptors that hunt by day.\nAt night, owls take over. Their huge eyes gather every speck of light. Round, feathered areas on their faces work like radar dishes to channel sounds to their ears. Soft feathers on their wings’ edges muffle the sound as they fly. Owl prey ranges from insects, lizards, snakes, and frogs to mice, rats, and rabbits. Great horned owls even eat skunks!\nRaptors that hunt by day often travel by hitching a ride on currents of air called thermals. A thermal forms when the sun heats up the ground in the morning. Air near the ground heats up, too, and rises. A raptor can spread its wings and float upwards on this air, soaring effortlessly in circles. It can travel for miles by riding one thermal after another, hardly ever flapping a wing!\nPhotos: (bottom right) Dave Menke/USFWS, (all others) Thinkstock", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://allisonschulmannutrition.com/featured/5-reasons-fiber-friend/", "date": "2020-01-19T16:53:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250594662.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20200119151736-20200119175736-00306.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9308604001998901, "token_count": 456, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__239249031", "lang": "en", "text": "When defining “healthy eating,” many people focus on what are considered basic concepts: counting calories, and getting the daily requirement of vitamins and minerals. Although a good starting point, there are many layers to this complex onion that need to be peeled away. One often-overlooked but critically important nutrient is fiber. Here are 5 reasons why fiber is our friend.\n1. Fiber promotes heart health.\nStudies show that dietary fiber lowers cholesterol, blood pressure, and inflammation by binding with fats and cholesterol and carrying them through the digestive tract and out of the body. Think of fiber as a tiny mop, absorbing unhealthy fats and expelling them from your body.\n2. Fiber reduces the risk of Type 2 Diabetes.\nFor diabetics and those at risk for diabetes, dietary fiber helps slow the absorption of sugar. This keeps your blood sugar from rising too fast and reduces cravings for unhealthy foods. That means more energy to get you through the day.\n3. Fiber facilitates weight loss and weight maintenance.\nA high fiber diet is one of the easiest ways to help shed pounds. Foods that are rich in fiber are filling and satisfying which helps to stave off overeating.\n4. Fiber promotes regularity.\nRegularly consuming foods rich in fiber reduces risk of constipation and bloating and helps normalize bowel movements. It can also provide some relief for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder (GERD).\n5. Fiber helps fight off cancer.\nDietary fiber moves through the intestinal track and helps eliminate harmful chemicals from your body that otherwise might linger and increase the risk of cancer. Additionally, bacteria in your intestinal track utilize dietary fiber to help fight cancer cells.\nFiber is a necessary component of our daily diet. With so many important functions and benefits, getting the daily recommended amount (women need 25 grams and men need 38 grams) of dietary fiber is essential. Try to eliminate processed foods, skip the fiber supplements, and choose whole-grain products, fruits, vegetables, legumes, oats, nuts, and seeds. Your heart, belly, and brain will thank you.\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://myyco.com/product/blue-meanies-mushroom/", "date": "2023-09-26T16:51:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510214.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926143354-20230926173354-00816.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9262304902076721, "token_count": 625, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__181383058", "lang": "en", "text": "*NOTE: The information below is for educational purposes only. We don’t condone the growth of this liquid culture. It is sold legally for mycological microscopy research only. We will not answer any questions regarding the growth of this culture. We will cancel all orders from anyone who contacts us and mentions growth and they will be placed on a blacklist that prevents them from ordering in the future. Not for sale in GA or ID.\nThe thunder from down under. The Blue Meanie mushroom is a potent cubensis strain believed to have been discovered in Australia. Not to be confused with Panaeolus Cyanescens (which is sometimes confusingly referred to as “Blue Meanies”), the Blue Meanie mushroom is aptly named for the blue bruising that appears on it’s caps and stems when it is touched—blue bruising is an indication of elevated levels of psilocybin and psilocin. This mushroom produces thick stems and large, golden caps with white speckles. Our Blue Meanie liquid culture is an excellent choice for beginner and seasoned researchers alike.\nMYYCO was created to offer a superior alternative to mushroom spores. Unlike spores, making early-stage liquid cultures of mycelium allows us to isolate and replicate the fastest, strongest, and highest-yielding genetics. Our liquid culture does not require a germination phase, like spores do, meaning quicker and more reliable research.\nWe are a team of mycologists with over 30 years of combined experience isolating and researching mycelium to create high-performing liquid cultures. Our 3,000 square foot mycology research lab is equipped with state-of-the-art mycology and sterilization equipment to ensure that every MYYCO syringe that leaves our facility has the highest quality genetics and has been medically sterilized.\nWhen we started MYYCO, we decided that making a beneficial impact was more important than profits and that the mushroom world was the wrong place for a profit-first mentality. We donate 100% of our profits to 501(c)(3) organizations researching psychedelic therapy. Visit our Donation section to learn more and view our donation records.\nShoot us an email at [email protected] at any time during your research and one of our mycologists will answer you within 24 hours. Please note, we cannot answer any questions regarding the growth of our psilocybe cubensis liquid cultures. Our cubensis liquid cultures are sold strictly for microscopy research.\n100% of profits from every MYYCO sale are donated to leading 501(c)(3) non-profit organizations involved in therapeutic research of the psychoactive compound found in medicinal mushrooms to aid a variety of ailments… including treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, Alzheimer’s and end-of-life anxiety and depression. MYYCO is a registered California benefit corporation. If you have any questions regarding our philanthropic cause or want to help out in any other way, please reach out to us at [email protected].", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.zanylaughs.com/short-course-on-getting-to-square-1/755", "date": "2019-09-18T18:00:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573323.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20190918172932-20190918194932-00501.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9469059109687805, "token_count": 539, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__6999765", "lang": "en", "text": "How to Stimulate Hormones for Body Mass and Bodybuilding Needs\nThere are a number of hormones that do play such a central role when it comes to bodybuilding and strength training. You will find some of the hormones that increase strength training and stimulate the growth of muscle and these are such as the hormone testosterone, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and the growth hormone, GH. Over and above these, there are as well some of the hormones that will particularly serve to increase the availability of glucose in the body, and glucose is the body’s primary source of fuel, and some of these hormones are such as cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine and glucagon. Still on these hormones, we have insulin which is known for its facilitation of the storage of glucose which can be used in the future.\nLooking at all these hormones, they are all classified and form the body’s special system known as the endocrine system. Where you happen to be interested in increasing your muscle mass, then you need to appreciate the fact that there are alternative ways to achieve this without necessarily using the outlawed supplements. Here are some of the basics that should be known when it comes to the use of the all-natural body building supplements.\nActually, looking at all of the hormones mentioned above that affect the building of muscle, you can actually influence them with simple nutrition and workouts. In actual sense, there are some of these hormones amongst which we see testosterone, cortisol, IGF-1, and growth hormone all that will respond to the intensity there is the weight training you opt for. On the other side, insulin and glucagon are as well influenced by diet and exercise as opposed to the anabolic hormones. See this site for more on the crazymass reviews.\nBy and large, when it comes to the need for bodybuilding, the principle is often to keep the anabolic hormones high and keep as low as can be the catabolic hormones. Talking of anabolic and catabolic, the anabolic hormones are those that promote the growth of body tissue and the catabolic ones are those that break down body tissue. Looking at some of the examples, testosterone is one of the anabolic hormones with cortisol being a catabolic hormone.\nTalking of muscle growth and bodybuilding naturally, there are a number of approaches to exercise and diets that will be so effective in helping make the most of the anabolic responses while taking as much care of the catabolic responses at the same time. Check out this page for more on the all-natural bodybuilding supplements from Crazymass. Check it out here for more on these.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.my12voltstore.com/products/enzymedica-digest-gold-probiotics-90-vegcaps", "date": "2023-11-30T01:41:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100164.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130000127-20231130030127-00461.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9119143486022949, "token_count": 750, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__244390783", "lang": "en", "text": "Finally, you can eat without worrying about digestive issues!\nThe enzymes in Digest Gold, America's #1 selling enzyme formula, break down all the parts of a typical large meal, like fat, fiber, protein and carbohydrates.* Each capsule unlocks nutrients to fuel your day and gives relief for occasional gas, bloating and indigestion.*\nPowered by Thera-blend™, the enzymes in Digest Gold are active throughout the entire digestive tract, maximizing your health benefits. ATPro™ provides essential ingredients to boost your cellular powerplant and give you more energy with every meal.*\n• Breaks down fat, fiber, protein & carbs*\n• Speeds up digestion*\n• Boosts energy*\n• Reduces occasional gas, bloating & indigestion*\nWhat are enzymes and how do they work?\nEnzymes do digestion. They are naturally occurring proteins that speed up reactions. Enzymes act like tiny scissors, cutting up the food we’ve eaten into smaller components. This helps our body more easily and fully absorb nutrients.\nWithout enough enzymes, our body can struggle to break down troublesome foods, leading to occasional gas, bloating, indigestion and irregularity. With all-natural enzyme supplementation, your body gets an extra boost to the digestive process, helping maximize energy and contributing to whole-body health.*\nIf my body and food already produce enzymes, why do I need supplements?\nNot only can an enzyme deficiency come from diet and lifestyle, but our bodies naturally produce fewer enzymes as we age. It can be hard to get what we need through diet alone because the process of cooking destroys the enzymes contained within food. Taking an enzyme supplement can help fill in the gap.\nWhat is different about Digest Gold™ enzymes versus others?\nNot all enzyme supplements are created equal, and Digest Gold has the most potent formula on the market. It contains powerful enzymes like amylase, lipase, cellulase and protease. These enzymes break down complex foods like carbohydrates, fats, fiber and protein.*\nEnzymedica's proprietary Thera-blend™ technology means that the enzymes found in Digest Gold will work throughout the entire pH spectrum found along your digestive tract. When other brands' enzyme formulas may fall short, in almost all acidic or alkaline environments, Digest Gold will be effective.\nWhat is ATPro®?\nBlending ATPro with Digest Gold boosts energy by giving the body’s cells what they need for nutrient absorption.* ATP, which is found in every cell, allows nutrients to pass through the cell wall so that the all the processes that keep us alive and well can occur. However, through aging, lack of exercise or eating cooked and processed food, our bodies may begin to need more ATP than they can naturally produce.\nTo help the digestive process go full circle, the ATPro in Digest Gold™ is a special blend of ATP, Magnesium Citrate, Phytase and CoQ10. Not only does ATP help boost nutrient absorption, but it’s also a supercharger for enzymes, assisting your body break down food even better.* All of this leads to you having more energy to do what you love.\nWe work to ensure that product information is correct; however, brands may make changes to products from time to time, and actual product packaging and materials may contain more and/or different information than that shown on our website. Please consult all labels, warnings, and directions prior to using or consuming products for the most accurate product information.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://course-view.org/the-3-wonders-of-bwindi-impenetrable-national-park/", "date": "2023-06-03T18:45:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224649302.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20230603165228-20230603195228-00570.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9319118857383728, "token_count": 1214, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__176780835", "lang": "en", "text": "The 3 Wonders of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park\nIn the remote South Western Uganda in East Africa lies the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, a popular gem that is famous for hosting the mountain gorillas. This iconic ancient tropical rain forest is one of the fast-growing tourism destinations in Africa.\nPerched close to the borders of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Bwindi is highly gifted tropical rain forest that has emerged as a formidable tourism destination. This magnificent ancient rain forest lies on the edges of the Albertine Rift Valley. It is one of the few forests that flourished through the last ice age and scientists believe that it dates back to over 25,000 years. Its natural endowments including exciting wildlife spectacles and stunning landscapes have made it to be among the CNN’s best 25 destinations to visit this year.\nToday Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is a popular hotspot and it continues to offer competitively priced and high-quality wildlife experiences that are worthy sharing. Here are the three wonders of Uganda’s UNESCO World Heritage sites;\nMeet the Mountain Gorillas in Bwindi\nMountain gorillas are the major draw for most visitors to Bwindi Impenetrable Forest. There are about 1050 mountain gorillas left in the world and Bwindi hosts roughly half of this remnant population. The endangered mountain gorillas roam freely within the park’s dense tropical rainforest.\nToday, gorilla tracking is the most popular adventure activity that is done in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest and it can be done any time of the year. Every year, thousands of travelers brave the rough roads and meet up the mountain gorillas in the wild jungle.\nLooking into the expressive brown eyes of the mountain gorillas is surely a life changing experience that has been highly rated by tourists who have got the chance to go gorilla trekking in Africa. Though the experience comes at a high price of US$700 for a one-hour session, it is worthy taking in the dense tropical rain forests of Central Africa.\nThe walk to see the mountain gorillas is also for the brave hearted. A considerable degree of fitness is needed since it involves climbing up the slopes of mountain ranges that consist of narrow, deep valleys and impenetrable green forests cloaked with mist.\nGorilla tracking is done in four sectors that is Ruhija, Rushaga, Buhoma, and Nkuringo regions. The four regions feature a total of twenty habituated gorilla families that are visited in a highly regulated activity. Each gorilla family is visited by a maximum of up to eight guests every day and gorilla watching is strictly done for just one hour.\nIf you are looking to gorilla trekking in Bwindi, it is important to book your experience early enough. It is recommended to book your trip atleast 6 months before your actual travel dates if you are looking to visiting the mountain gorillas during the peak months of June to September and December to March.\nMeet the Batwa\nThe primeval forest of Bwindi used to host the Batwa people, an indigenous pygmy tribe that lived in the forest for ages.\nThe Batwa are among the oldest surviving tribes of Africa. They used to live in the Bwindi Forest for millennia and all their life depended on the forest. They survived by hunting and fruit gathering with the tropical rain forest and they lived in harmony with the wildlife.\nThe Batwa lived along the gorillas in a sustainable manner. However, to safeguard the protection of the mountain gorillas, conservation organizations advised the resettlement of the Batwa to areas outside the park.\n1n 1991 the government of Uganda evicted the Batwa out of the forest without any compensation and they were resettled on the edges of the forest. Today, an estimated population of over 6000 Batwa live close to the park.\nFor tourists visiting Bwindi, you can experience the culture of the Batwa people on two organized tourism programs run by the forest; the Batwa Experience and the Batwa Trail. During the tour, you will learn firsthand the life of the Batwa including hunting, fruit gathering, traditional ways of making fires, harvesting medicines from the forest and more.\nTill today, the Batwa have spiritual and religious ties to the forest.\nMeet the Chimpanzees\nBwindi is also a safe haven for chimpanzees, man’s closest cousins. Though these great apes are outshone by the mountain gorillas, hosts a significant population of chimpanzees, with a population that is estimated to be over 500 individuals. Bwindi National Park brags as the only forest in Africa in which the two apes occur together.\nThough chimpanzee tracking has not yet been developed in the park, the existence of chimpanzees is a wonder that is jealously protected by the park authorities and conservation organizations.\nApart from chimpanzees, Bwindi Forest also is home to a number of other primate species, including black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza), L’Hoest’s guenon (Cercopithecus l’hoesti), red-tailed guenon (C. ascanius schmidti), blue guenon (C. mitis mitis), vervet (C. aethiops), baboon (Papio anubis) plus several nocturnal primates.\nBwindi is the ultimate destination that should not miss on your bucket list. Its broader biodiversity is not limited to mountain gorillas and chimpanzees. The park brags of a checklist of 90 mammals including eleven primates. The park is also a birders haven with 23 localized bird species that are endemic to the Albertine Rift.\nThe post The 3 Wonders of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park appeared first on Ziddu.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://herbs-hands-healing.co.uk/life-stages/menopause", "date": "2021-04-12T22:56:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038069267.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20210412210312-20210413000312-00521.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9368572235107422, "token_count": 2207, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__183199022", "lang": "en", "text": "In This Section\nFemale babies are born with around two million immature eggs and they will produce no more after birth. Rather, these eggs are used throughout a woman's fertile years and she will experience approximately 400 menstrual cycles during that time. As a woman ages the supply of eggs is diminished. Gradually the cycle slows down in mid life and no more eggs are released, enabling the menopause to take place.\nWhen the ovaries stop releasing eggs this causes a decrease in the production of oestrogen and progesterone, which in turn leads to the end of periods. This drop in hormone levels produces a range of symptoms, not least hot flushes, insomnia, aches, depression, poor memory and weight gain. It is common for women to experience a variety of symptoms for some years prior to the menopause and this is called the peri-menopause phase (sometimes referred to as the pre-menopause).\nWomen are said to have reached the menopause when a year has elapsed since their last period. As hormone levels stabilise, the symptoms disappear and many women feel better than they have in years as they enter the post-menopause phase. For others the loss of hormones can unduly de-stabilise their lives. The loss of oestrogen and progesterone can have an effect on the bladder, vaginal tissue, bone density, mental balance and more. These symptoms and others, if unsupported with herbs, can make post-menopausal life very miserable for some women.\nIn Germany 70 per cent of physicians successfully prescribe herbal remedies for the peri-menopause, menopause and post-menopause instead of using hormone replacement drugs. This trend for using herbs to support the menopause is an increasing one in Britain.\nCommon symptoms of peri-menopause & menopause\n- Irregular periods: They may become shorter or longer, heavier or lighter and irregular.\n- Hot flushes: This is a sudden feeling of heat in the upper body or all over the body causing the face and neck to appear flushed. This heat intensity can be followed by a cooling chill as the body's thermostat kicks in to cool the body down.\n- Night sweats: These are severe hot flushes, which can leave a woman drenched in sweat.\n- Insomnia: Research shows that 30-65 per cent of menopausal women experience insomnia. Causes may include night sweats or anxiety.\n- Vaginal and bladder changes: When oestrogen diminishes, vaginal tissues may lose lubrication and elasticity, making intercourse uncomfortable or painful. Low oestrogen levels may also increase vulnerability to urinary infections.\n- Stiffness and aching body: A once agile woman can become increasingly achy and stiff.\n- Lack of libido: Loss of sexual desire or an erratic sex drive can also occur. However, the menopause should not mean the end of an active sex life and difficulties can be overcome.\n- Poor memory: A woman may become absent minded or find it extremely difficult to retain information.\nDon't forget to exercise\nRegular exercise will help strengthen the bones and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. It may also have other benefits for symptoms: in one study, half of menopausal women who followed a resistance-training programme for eight weeks said they had fewer hot flushes and headaches, were less stressed and had a higher sex drive.\nIn her book Healthy Eating For The Menopause (Kyle Cathie), Dr Marilyn Glenville - top women's nutritionist and colleague of herbalist Jill Davies - recommends the following tips:\n- Eat plenty of fruit and vegetables.\n- Eat complex carbohydrates – whole grains like brown rice, oats and wholemeal bread.\n- Buy organic where possible.\n- Eat foods rich in phytoestrogens (naturally occurring plant nutrients that exert an oestrogen-like action on the body) including chickpeas, lentils, garlic and celery.\n- Eat foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as oily fish, nuts, seeds and cold-pressed seed oils.\n- Reduce your intake of saturated fat.\n- Drink plenty of fluids.\n- Reduce your intake of caffeine and alcohol.\n- Avoid sugar, on its own and hidden in foods.\n- Herbs: \"Vitex & Black Cohosh Formula\" has the effect of \"topping-up\" falling hormone levels. It can be used throughout all three stages of the menopause (see below) to help with the ever-altering list of symptoms associated with each menopause phase.\nThere are three stages of menopause:\nThese are peri-menopause (sometimes referred to as pre-menopause), menopause, and post-menopause. Medically speaking, menopause is defined as the last menstrual period, or the cessation of menstrual bleeding. The transition to menopause is known as peri-menopause and may last as long as 8 to 15 years. Post-menopause is considered to start approximately one year after menopause has occurred. Herbs such as agnus castus and black cohosh combined will greatly help all three stages.\nContrary to common belief, most women's oestrogen levels remain relatively stable during peri-menopause or may even increase slightly. On the other hand, progesterone levels begin to fall in peri-menopause. The result is a condition called oestrogen dominance and it is this that can cause a myriad of uncomfortable symptoms similar to PMS, only many times more severe. Progesterone has many important functions. For example, it builds up the uterine lining during menstruation, and is involved in balanced blood clotting, blood sugar regulation, healthy bone formation and fat metabolism. It is important that women try to ensure progesterone levels remain as stable as possible. If oestrogen dominance is established, phytoestrogenic herbs like red clover can be the worst thing to take as they will exacerbate symptoms (e.g. hot flushes).\nDuring post-menopause there is a gradual decline in levels of sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) produced by the ovaries. However, the adrenal glands also produce some sex hormones throughout a woman’s lifetime, including after menopause. If, however, the adrenals are exhausted, they will not be able to secrete their normal quota of hormones, meaning that levels decline further than they should. Siberian ginseng herb and/or EnergiRevive Powder (which contains Siberian ginseng) can greatly support this situation.\nVaginal dryness and incontinence are two of the most distressing symptoms of the post-menopausal phase. But the drop in oestrogen can also have other, less immediate effects. Oestrogen has protective functions for the heart and the bones that are therefore diminished when levels drop after the menopause. In relation to the heart, oestrogen actually improves blood flow to the coronary arteries; when levels decline after menopause, women have a rapid increase in the risk for coronary heart disease that then equals that of men. Women need to manage this higher risk of heart disease, as well as blood sugar disturbances and osteoporosis if they are to remain strong and healthy into old age.\nAnything that keeps sex hormones functioning for longer will also help to reduce the risk of other diseases and conditions. We have mentioned some areas that need special attention but there is much that can be done to stay healthy in other areas that start to decline with hormone loss and age. We emphasise a healthy diet, cleanses and herbs that when combined may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, improve cognitive function and short-term memory, decrease the risk of tooth loss and low bone density, minimise cataract formation, and even macular degeneration (the most common cause of blindness over age 80). Remember also that oestrogen tends to lower LDL (bad) cholesterol and raise HDL (good) cholesterol in the blood. When levels drop it is prudent to make definitive changes to the diet and support the liver with herbs and cleanses.\nPerhaps the most important factor for women seeking herbal hormone support during and after the menopause is the issue of their femininity. The menopause can cause a reduction in breast size and increased drooping, an increase in facial hair and a deeper voice, all of which can be upsetting. Thinning skin and mucous membranes alter visual appearance, and vaginal dryness can make sexual intercourse painful, thereby adding to the feeling of overall negative change and challenge. Add to this such psychological symptoms as mood swings, irritability and trouble concentrating and it's easy to see why women are less than thrilled by the prospect of falling hormone levels for the remainder of their lives. On many levels, women now expect to remain younger for longer compared to earlier generations. In the post-menopause phase, don’t forget to continue to take the very same herbs you did for the peri-menopause and menopause. You can continue to take them as long as you remember!\nThe most important way to reduce the post-menopausal risks of heart disease and osteoporosis is exercise. Walking, swimming and other activities can dramatically lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, while resistance training such as light weights helps build muscle and supports bone strength. Plants containing phytoestrogens and plants able to activate the pituitary gland to produce oestrogens are also useful to prevent bone loss.\nAdditional help is available by phoning the free product advice line at Herbs Hands Healing between the hours of 9.00am to 1.00pm. Tel: 01379 608201.\nIf you would like to learn more about herbs and receive updates about our products and services please take the time to subscribe to our newsletters.\nLearn more about Dr. Richard Schulze’s Superfood Plus and why we believe this is such a wonderful food by following this link on our website, where extensive information is available. Also please visit our Superfood Plus facebook page for articles and current news.\nTo learn more about natural healing for this and other ailments, visit Dr Schulze's blog.\nIf you would like to see videos of Jill Davies showing you plants growing in their natural settings and discussing their medicinal attributes then visit us on facebook. You can also explore additional herbs and their traditional uses by linking to Herbs Info & Photo Gallery and Herb Profiles. Useful additional information can also be found at the Herbs Hands Healing information pages on Detox & Cleansing and Natural Healing.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://clevelandpainspecialists.com/blog/sleep-apnea-increased-opiate-medications/", "date": "2023-12-09T01:36:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100781.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209004202-20231209034202-00756.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9578630328178406, "token_count": 390, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__194023585", "lang": "en", "text": "According to a recent article in Pain Medicine, Dr. Lynn Webster found that sleep disordered breathing was common in chronic pain patients taking prescribed opiates. There was also a direct relationship between central sleep apnea and methadone when combined with benzodiazepines.\nOpiates are used for severe and intractable pain in patients who have not responded to other therapy. There is an increasing number of patients with chronic pain who are being prescribed opiate medications. Opiate medications include morphine, Kadian, Avinza, oxycodone, oxymorphone, OxyContin, Opana, Exalgo, and methadone. Benzodiazepines are typically prescribed for anxiety and muscle spasm.\nThere was a much higher rate of obstructive and central sleep apnea syndromes in those prescribed pain medications-75%, than in the general population, estimated to be at 2-4%. Central sleep apnea is estimated to occur at a rate of 5% in people greater than 65 years of age and 1.5 to 5% in men less than 65 years old. Central sleep apnea causes people to stop breathing during sleep because of faulty brain control. This is compared to obstructive apnea, which is associated with obesity and in other health problems, and typified by loud snoring.\nCentral sleep apnea is commonly associated with the absence of crescendo-decrescendo breath size and that central sleep apnea mechanism is different for people taking opioids than for people not taking opiates. The researchers feel that the opiates could be directly affecting the part of the brain that controls respiration.\nThe authors of the study noted that if opiate medications can increase sleep apnea risk, then chronic pain patients who are prescribed opiates may be at higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Recent research has focused on the synergy of opiates and benzodiazepines in causing respiratory depression.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://strollzone.com/blogs/news/nourishing-your-body-and-baby-a-guide-to-healthy-pregnancy-and-eating-well", "date": "2024-02-24T13:37:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474533.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224112548-20240224142548-00379.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9133318662643433, "token_count": 664, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__204831168", "lang": "en", "text": "Pregnancy is a remarkable journey that requires special attention to your health and well-being. Eating a nutritious diet is crucial during this time, as it directly impacts the growth and development of your baby. By making healthy food choices, you can provide essential nutrients, maintain a healthy weight, and reduce the risk of pregnancy complications.\nThis article aims to provide you with a comprehensive guide to maintaining a healthy pregnancy through proper nutrition.\n- Balanced and Nutrient-Rich Diet: During pregnancy, it's important to consume a balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrients. Focus on incorporating the following:\n- Fruits and Vegetables: These provide essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Aim for a colorful assortment to maximize nutrient intake.\n- Whole Grains: Opt for whole-grain bread, rice, pasta, and cereals to ensure a good source of fiber, B vitamins, and minerals.\n- Lean Proteins: Include lean meats, poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, and tofu to meet your protein needs. These sources also provide iron, zinc, and other vital nutrients.\n- Dairy or Dairy Alternatives: Consume milk, yogurt, and cheese for calcium, vitamin D, and protein. If you're lactose intolerant or follow a vegan diet, choose fortified plant-based alternatives.\n- Healthy Fats: Incorporate foods like avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil, which provide omega-3 fatty acids, vital for the baby's brain development.\n- Prenatal Supplements: Even with a healthy diet, it's recommended to take prenatal supplements as advised by your healthcare provider. These usually include folic acid, iron, calcium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids to support your baby's growth and prevent deficiencies.\n- Hydration: Stay well-hydrated throughout your pregnancy. Water is the best choice, but you can also include herbal teas and fresh fruit juices. Aim for around 8-10 cups of fluids daily.\n- Meal Planning and Portion Control: Consider dividing your daily calorie intake into five to six small meals and snacks to maintain consistent energy levels. Practice portion control to avoid overeating and ensure a well-rounded intake of nutrients.\n- Foods to Avoid: Certain foods should be avoided or limited during pregnancy to minimize the risk of complications. These include raw or undercooked meats, seafood, unpasteurized dairy products, deli meats, and certain fish high in mercury content.\n- Managing Pregnancy Discomforts: Certain foods and lifestyle changes can help alleviate common pregnancy discomforts like nausea, heartburn, and constipation. For example, ginger, small frequent meals, and high-fiber foods can be beneficial.\n- Safe Food Handling: Practice proper food safety and hygiene to prevent foodborne illnesses. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly, cook meats thoroughly, and avoid cross-contamination.\nMaintaining a healthy diet during pregnancy is vital for the well-being of both you and your baby. By following a balanced and nutrient-rich diet, taking prenatal supplements, and practicing food safety, you can support the healthy development of your baby and ensure a smooth pregnancy journey. Remember to consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance throughout this special time.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://driedfruitsa.co.za/news/the-gut-microbiome/", "date": "2024-02-21T08:39:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473401.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221070402-20240221100402-00104.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9234883785247803, "token_count": 729, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__125038307", "lang": "en", "text": "There is an old saying that you cannot pour from an empty cup. Essentially it means that we must take care of ourselves in order to take care of others. Whatever your role is (a mother, wife, sister, daughter, friend, caregiver, or all of the above), you are constantly giving, taking care of your loved ones, constantly on the go. There is little time to think about yourself and look after your own health and needs. You must remember that your own health is one of the most valuable things you own. In every woman, there is a powerhouse- a force, and you need to look after yourself.\nFor me, health and gut health goes hand in hand. Our gut is incredibly complex and there has been an overwhelming increase in research to better understand our gut and its impact on our health.\nWhen we think of gut health, the term microbiome comes to mind. This refers to the microorganisms living in your intestines (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa). It is vital to know that there are beneficial and harmful microorganisms that reside in our gut. The beneficial bacteria play a role in enhancing your immune system, improves symptoms of depression and help with weight loss. Harmful microorganisms might lead to certain signs and symptoms that cannot be otherwise medically explained.\nThe way signs and symptoms may manifest:\n- Upset stomach: Gas, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, and heartburn can all be signs of an unhealthy gut.\n- Unintentional weight loss: An imbalance in microorganisms in your gut can impair your body’s ability to absorb nutrients, regulate blood sugar, and store fat, leading to weight loss. If you\n- Sleep disturbances: An unhealthy gut may contribute to sleep disturbances such as insomnia or poor sleep, and lead to chronic fatigue.\n- Food intolerances: Food intolerances are the result of difficulty digesting certain foods. This can lead to difficulty digesting the trigger foods and unpleasant symptoms such as bloating, gas, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea.\nHabits you need to prioritise to improve gut health.\n- Eat slowly: Chewing your food thoroughly and eating your meals more slowly can help promote full digestion and absorption of nutrients.\n- Change your diet: Reduce the amount of processed, high-sugar, and high-fat foods that you eat. A diet high in processed foods and added sugars can decrease the amount of good bacteria in your gut. A diet high in fibre has been shown to contribute tremendously to a healthy gut microbiome. Eat plenty of plant-based foods and lean protein.\n- Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water.\n- Get enough sleep: Try to prioritize getting at least 7–8 hours of uninterrupted sleep per night.\nFood for gut health:\n- High-fibre foods: High-fibre foods such as legumes, beans, peas, oats, bananas, berries, asparagus, and leeks.\n- Prebiotics: Sources include wheat, onions, bananas, garlic, leeks, chicory, oatmeal, barley, wholegrains, flaxseeds, tomato, artichoke, spinach, and legumes.\n- Probiotic foods: Fermented foods such as kimchi, sauerkraut, yogurt, tempeh, miso, and kefir are great dietary sources of probiotics.\nHappy Women’s Month- we celebrate you and all you do for those around you.\nWritten by The Gutsy Dietitians", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://shop.fifthseasongardening.com/monterey-organic-complete-disease-control-30632060.html", "date": "2020-10-01T22:34:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600402132335.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20201001210429-20201002000429-00471.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8608835935592651, "token_count": 156, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__191601371", "lang": "en", "text": "Monterey's Organic Complete Disease control relies on a strain of beneficial bacteria known as bacillus amyloliquefaciens and acts as a biofungicide and bactericide. An OMRI listed fungicide/bactericide intended for organic gardening or use in your annual/perennial beds.\nYou can be apply this as a either a foliar spray or as a soil drench, or both! Also appropriate for for indoor gardening! Use on vegetables, ornamentals, fruit trees, shrubs, lawns, bedding plants and potted plants. Capable of controlling powdery mildew, botrytis, early/late blight, fire blight, fusarium, Pythium and other diseases. Colonizes roots to prevent diseases.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.playbrydencanyon.com/golf/environment", "date": "2024-04-17T18:43:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817171.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417173445-20240417203445-00099.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9125281572341919, "token_count": 335, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__41102660", "lang": "en", "text": "Welcome to Bryden Canyon Golf Course, a hidden gem in the heart of Idaho, where the thrill of golf is harmoniously entwined with the natural wonders of the region. Prepare for an unforgettable round surrounded by the rugged landscapes and the diverse wildlife that calls this area home.\nAs you navigate the challenging course at Bryden Canyon, be captivated by the lively presence of the Spotted Frog in our water features, a testament to the thriving ecosystem we've cultivated. Keep a watchful eye for the mischievous Racoon, known to make occasional appearances near the course, adding a touch of wild charm to your golfing adventure.\nAbove, the American Kestrel soars gracefully, its keen eyes observing the players below. Our commitment to preserving the natural habitat extends to these majestic birds and their fellow inhabitants. Mule Deer, with their graceful movements, occasionally grace the periphery, offering a glimpse into the untamed beauty of the Idaho wilderness.\nBryden Canyon Golf Course isn't just a destination for golf enthusiasts; it's a sanctuary for local wildlife. Our dedication to environmental responsibility is evident in the careful management of water resources, ensuring that the Clearwater River and other local sources contribute sustainably to our course while providing essential habitats for the creatures that share this space.\nJoin us at Bryden Canyon for a golfing experience that embraces the spirit of Idaho's natural diversity. Each swing is accompanied not only by the challenge of the game but also by the presence of the Spotted Frog, Racoon, American Kestrel, and Mule Deer, making your time on the course a harmonious blend of sport and wildlife appreciation.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pnwhike.com/2015/05/26/why-the-mclane-creek-nature-trail-offers-more-than-just-nice-hiking/", "date": "2023-03-21T13:40:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296943698.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20230321131205-20230321161205-00550.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9564387798309326, "token_count": 882, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__213006944", "lang": "en", "text": "McLane Creek Nature Trail at Capitol State Forest is more than just a great hiking trail. In fact, it’s two hiking trails: McLane Creek NT and Centennial Demonstration Forest, both nicely tucked into the same property. While the .75-mile-long Centennial DF traverses some pretty country, including a working demonstration forest, most people visit to hike the nature trail and to watch for wildlife at the beaver pond encircled by the McLane Creek trail. If you have kids, McLane Creek NT’s many boardwalks, bridges, and viewing areas should keep them entertained, engaged, and (hopefully) excited about the outdoors.\nWhat makes McLane Creek NT more than just a nice hike is the diversity of environments it traverses and the scenic viewpoints and interpretive signs along the way. McLane Creek NT makes one big loop, beginning at the very end of the McLane Creek NT entrance road off of Delphi Road in Olympia. A shorter trail, called the Old Railroad Grade Trail, splits the McLane Creek loop in half by following the path of a railroad bed. The large loop is 1.1 miles long; the shorter loop .6 miles in length.\nWhy I like this trail: McLane Creek isn’t a very long trail, but it is interesting. Several signs point out natural and historic features. It’s also interesting to see how much the forest has recovered since its days as a logging site 100 or more years ago. Lastly, wildlife is abundant along the trail, especially at the beaver pond where ducks and other birds are plentiful and you can often see fish and amphibians swimming in the water beneath the view platforms. Overall, it’s a great place to explore, regardless of age or interests.\n= A third to half of the larger loop traverses boardwalks. At key points, these boardwalks become or lead to viewing platforms overlooking the beaver ponds or McLane Creek. Two viewing platforms extend into the beaver pond and parts of the trail near the parking area are handicapped accessible. The entire trail (and that in Centennial DF) is flat and easy to hike.\n= McLane Creek is very well maintained. Restrooms are located near the McLane Creek trail parking area, as is a large shelter. The boardwalks and viewing platforms are kept in great shape and the trail sections are clear of debris and well marked. When I visited McLane Creek in late April, trail crews were busy rerouting part of the trail north of the beaver pond. When I visited in January, crews had just installed new boardwalks on some of the trails nearest McLane Creek. Plenty of parking exists at both McLane Creek and Centennial DF trailheads.\n= McLane Creek’s close proximity to the Black Lake area and downtown Olympia make it the ideal place for an afternoon or evening stroll. While McLane Creek and Centennial DF are technically part of Capitol SF, this small hiking area is separated from the rest of the state forest and located closer to main roads.\nWhere: Two parking areas along the entrance road let you access both McLane Creek and Centennial DF trails. However, you can easily hike between the two via a spur path. Access the entrance road via Delphi Road. If you’re coming from Route 101, take the exit for Delphi Road SW or the exit for Black Lake Blvd SW. The latter skirts around Black Lake before ending at Delphi Road; take a right at the Delphi intersection.\nWhen: McLane Creek and Centennial DF trails are occasionally closed one or two days of the week for maintenance and upkeep. This might only occur during the off-season though. I could find no listing of hours for the hiking area.\nTrail Info: When I was at McLane Creek last, crews were busy rerouting parts of the trail above the beaver pond. These trails may still be under construction. Personally, I really like the interpretive signs at the nature trail. I enjoyed reading about local history and the signs cover everything from the regional logging industry to the former railroad of which visitors can still see evidence of. For more information check out this trail map, this Washington Trails Association review, and this map of Capitol State Forest.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://howmanycaloriesshouldieat.blogspot.com/p/how-many-calories-in-banana.html", "date": "2013-05-21T06:03:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699730479/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102210-00037-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9009428024291992, "token_count": 313, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__146455614", "lang": "en", "text": "Bananas are rich in certain nutrients, and they are one of the best sources of Potassium in the diet. They are also rich in Manganese, Magnesium and Vitamin B6. They do contain many other nutrients but in smaller amounts.\nThey contain almost no fat or protein and the majority of calories in them come from carbohydrates The carbohydrates in bananas are mainly from starch and the simple sugars glucose and fructose. Bananas also contain a few grams of fiber.\nBananas are usually categorized based on their size, as extra-small (<6\"), small (6-7\"), medium (7-8\"), large (8-9\") and extra-large (9\"+).\nHow many calories should I eat\nHow many calories in a banana, based on size?\n- Extra-Small Banana (81g): 72 calories, 19g carbohydrates, 1g protein\n- Small Banana (101g): 90 calories, 23g carbohydrates, 1g protein\n- Medium Banana (118g): 105 calories, 27g carbohydrates, 1g protein\n- Large Banana (136g): 121 calories, 31g carbohydrates, 1g protein\n- Extra-Large Banana (152g): 135 calories, 35g carbohydrates, 2g protein\nBananas are low on the GlycemicIndex (less than 55), but this depends on the ripeness. Under-ripe bananas are very low, while ripe bananas can get into the medium range.\nThey have a low Glycemic Load but a higher Insulin Index than many other fruits.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://caviar.pristinemedia.co.uk/smartblog/2_Beluga-sturgeon-and-the-secrets-of-your-Chris.html", "date": "2020-07-02T19:01:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655879738.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20200702174127-20200702204127-00330.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9514203071594238, "token_count": 1342, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__127747490", "lang": "en", "text": "Losing my sense of taste for a time a while ago, I invited our metropolitan daughter to bring me Christmas goodies that might, in passing, shock a numbed palate to respond.\nExotic savouries, pastes and unguents assembled from Dublin delis (establishments smelling deliciously, I remembered, of salamis and pungent cheeses) had chilli as a constant ingredient, from merely piquant to head-blowing on the Scoville scale of heat.\nMy taste later restored (perhaps all on its own) and the chilli toned down, the Christmas deli hamper became a family tradition. Among its salty pleasures has been a regular jar of lumpfish caviar, the modest gourmet’s echo of oligarch party fare.\nLumpfish – more properly lumpsucker fish, Cyclopterus lumpus, common around the coasts of these islands – has pelvic fins that shape into a sucker and bony plates on its sides. Baby fish, somewhat toad-shaped, are now, it seems, widely regarded as “cute” and kept as pets in aquariums.\nLumpfish eggs are taken ashore in barrels to be desalted and salted again to market taste, pasteurised and dyed red or black, with EU-approved preservatives\nThey have found a new, better use as cleaner fish in salmon farms, plucking off the parasitic sea lice as perfectly palatable copepods. Millions of them are now employed globally, sometimes replacing the wrasse rockfish first selected for the job. A lumpsucker farm in Shetland, for example, supplies lumpsucker cleaner fish raised from eggs supplied from a caviar factory in Iceland.\nAn adult female lumpsucker can reach 60cm. Coming inshore to spawn, she sticks herself firmly to a rock, impervious to Atlantic swells and storms. She lays a large mass of eggs – up to 136,000 – and then retires to deeper water, leaving the male to look after them for weeks.\nThe more I learn about lumpfish caviar the more I’m now inclined to forgo this Christmas morsel (best washed down, I’m told, with vodka). Female fish caught with inshore gill nets, notably along coasts of Greenland and Iceland, are gutted for their roe, then discarded overboard. The eggs are taken ashore in barrels to be desalted and salted again to market taste, pasteurised and dyed red or black, with EU-approved preservatives.\nHow, after all, did I think ersatz “caviar” was produced at prices a fraction of the real stuff from wild sturgeon of the Caspian Sea? Beluga caviar retails at up to €10,000 a kilo; in a current Dublin comparison, 100g of lumpfish caviar costs €5.45 and 30g of beluga €289.80.\nThe latter’s glistening black pearls, popped between one’s teeth, are said to taste delicately of “walnuts and cream” rather than something exquisitely, differently fishy, which is what one might have hoped.\nSturgeon are an ancient family of 24 species, armoured with rows of bony plates. Barbels beneath a pike-like snout feel around for food on the bed of sea or river. Left alone to grow for a century or more they can become the largest freshwater fish in the world, nearing the bulk of the ocean’s basking shark.\nBut they have rarely been left alone. When the USSR broke up, its management networks collapsed and fishermen in the Caspian Sea’s coastal states (Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan) embraced free enterprise as fast as they could set their gill nets. By 1997 illegal trade and unsustainable harvesting had prompted a tangle of international controls.\nLand-based caviar farming has grown intensively since the 1980s. The biggest caviar factory in the world opened last year in Abu Dhabi, part of the UAE’s diversification from oil\nFewer than 100 beluga a year are now taken legally from the Caspian and shared between Russia and Iran, on the sea’s southern shore. Other small wild stocks survive precariously in Europe, and species of Siberian sturgeon have been introduced in some big lakes and rivers.\nBut land-based farming for caviar has grown intensively since the 1980s, ranging from the United States to China. The biggest caviar factory in the world was opened last year in Abu Dhabi, as part of the UAE’s diversification from oil.\nSetting up a caviar farm is costly, as captive female sturgeon can take years to start producing eggs. Traditionally, wild fish have been slaughtered for them, like the lumpfish, and their veal-like meat readily marketed. Aquaculture has brought more refined and repeated harvesting of eggs from the same living fish, by varying methods of delivery.\nIreland once had wild sturgeon, like the stuffed one on display in the Natural History Museum in Dublin, caught in 1890. As one of Ireland’s “lost species” it appears in Whittled Away, the recent book from the wildlife conservationist Pádraic Fogarty. As he relates, the European sturgeon, Acipenser sturio, was possibly “commonplace” up to the 18th century and breeding in Irish estuaries.\nThe most thorough historic research, by Dr Declan Quigley of Dingle, found confusion between the European sturgeon and migrant Atlantic sturgeon from North America. Tracing 243 Irish newspaper reports of sturgeon since 1738, he concludes that landing one (often from salmon nets) was a relatively rare and newsworthy event. The last sturgeon, weighing 105kg, and captured in 1987, off the Kish Bank Lighthouse, was sold wholesale at €112 a kilo.\nDr Quigley’s detailed research, originally published in Sherkin Comment, can be downloaded by googling “researchgate declan quigley sturgeon”.\nMichael Viney’s Reflections on Another Life, a selection of columns from the past four decades, is available from irishtimes.com/irishtimesbooks; email@example.com", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://peyroniestreatment.co.uk/peyronies-disease-explained/", "date": "2021-11-27T20:42:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964358233.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20211127193525-20211127223525-00116.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9377927780151367, "token_count": 702, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__30909358", "lang": "en", "text": "Peyronie’s Disease Explained\nThe first sign a patient has Peyronie’s disease is during an erection when their penis bends in a different direction from normal. This is caused because plaque or scar tissue has formed in part of the penis, stopping it from expanding in that area. As a result, the penis bends in the direction of the plaque or scar tissues, whilst the other sides of the penis expands as normal.\nThe penis curvature can be upwards, downwards, to the side or occasionally around the circumference. A patient may also notice a physical lump or hardening of skin in the afflicted area of the penis. However, this is not always the case and a consultant can detect the plaque using diagnostic ultrasound.\nMany men are too embarrassed to discuss their penis problems with a doctor, especially a female one, and allow their condition to progress further without treatment. Over time the condition can get worse leading to increased penis curvature as the plaque inside the penis increases.\nAnother problem then arises as blood flow through the blood vessels decreases leading to partial erectile dysfunction. Some, but not all patients will also experience different levels of penis pain. Sexual intercourse becomes much more difficult due to both the bend and a softening of the penis, reducing both the girth and the length.\nA Check List of Peyronie’s Symptoms\nIf you suffer from any of the following symptoms you could be one of the 9% of men in the UK currently suffering from Peyronie’s disease (Induratio Penis Plastica) and should seek medical advice:\n- Bump, lump or hard section on side of penis\n- Bent or curved penis in any direction\n- Pain within the penis upon erection\n- Decrease in penile girth and length\n- Erectile dysfunction\n- Hard penis near the girth but much softer near the head\nThe severity of a bent penis depends on where the plaque is formed and its size and shape. Some patients may experience a slight or no bend but suffer a greater degree of erectile dysfunction.\nWhereas Peyronie’s disease is indiscriminate, affecting men of all ages, certain patients are more prone to a build-up of plaque. This includes Type 1 diabetics; those with high blood pressure or high cholesterol; patients with high triglycerides; or a type of fat (lipid) in the blood.\nSmoking or tobacco usage can also be a contributing factor. Peyronie’s disease can also be caused by trauma ranging from the bending of the penis during sexual intercourse, through to being hit in the most delicate of areas by a football.\nTreating Peyronie’s Disease\nUntil the last few years men suffering from Peyronie’s disease were faced with a choice of dramatic invasive surgery. These included penile implants, where the patient ceases to have a natural erection and relies on a manual pump, and penile plication where the unaffected areas of the penis are reduced in length to straighten the penis. This could result in a loss of erect penis size of up to 2 inches.\nCurrent treatments have had a tremendous success rate and some patients who have been unable to have satisfactory sex for up to a decade have rediscovered their sex life within the space of a few weeks.\nTo find out more or to book an appointment please complete the details below.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.prapanca-fm.com/otona-nikibi/", "date": "2020-09-23T00:12:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400208095.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20200922224013-20200923014013-00211.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9738929867744446, "token_count": 434, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__13061597", "lang": "en", "text": "Causes of Adult Acne and How To Cure Adult Acne\nIt is said that acne that develops during adolescence is caused by a disorder in hormone balance due to secondary sex characteristics. What is the cause of acne that develops as an adult?\nAdolescent acne is difficult to prevent due to its characteristics, but adult acne can be prevented to some extent.\nIn addition, there are differences in the areas where acne can occur, and during adolescence mainly in the T zone and cheeks, adult acne can form not only on the face, but on the neck, back, buttocks, and the entire body.\nIt is said that not only excessive secretion of sebum but also various causes such as stress, disturbance of eating habits, lack of exercise, lack of sleep and makeup are involved in the causes of adult acne.\nAdolescence is a disorder of hormone balance due to secondary sex characteristics, but it is said that the disorder of hormone balance in adulthood is often due to excessive stress.\nThe imbalance of hormones increases the secretion of sebum and makes it easier for acne.\nIn addition, eating habits will be disturbed due to an increase in business relationships and eating out.\nIt is said that acne has a vegetable-based diet, but it is difficult to have a diet centered on vegetables such as fast food, alcohol, and instant food.\nFace washing is indispensable for acne that has been made and for its prevention.\nIt is important to wash your face gently and gently, and it is good to use a mild facial cleanser.\nIt is also very important to remove makeup.\nIt is important not only to wash your face, but also to wash your shampoo and conditioner from your body thoroughly, to make sure that there is no leftover wipe after bathing, and to perform proper skin care such as moisturizing.\nIt is recommended to use peeling and acne medicine for treatment, but there are various kinds of medicine, so choose according to your symptoms and skin.\nRegular life and eating habits are the best preventative medicines.\nFocus on foods that are good for the skin, and supplement the missing nutrients with supplements.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.manukamgo.co.nz/", "date": "2024-04-20T03:51:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817474.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420025340-20240420055340-00882.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9636572003364563, "token_count": 1943, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__182676726", "lang": "en", "text": "Founder MGO Manuka Honey\n“The discovery of methylglyoxal (MGO) was the major factor responsible for establishing the credibility of manuka honey worldwide”\n“The industry moved from marketing the honey on a holistic basis to one based on credible scientific evidence leading to an elevation in interest from the international scientific and medical community”\n“ The discovery was a major disruptive factor on the industry creating a business case study on how disruption leads to competitive advantage”.\n“Eventually the New Zealand manuka honey industry adopted the MGO rating system to value their honey”\nThe focus of my University Degrees and subsequent employment has always been on commercialising science and technology to deliver natural health products to benefit human well-being.\nI worked in dairy, meat and biotechnology sectors where there was a common theme: working right across the value chain from farm, processing through to international markets. Many businesses were established employing technologies to produce value added natural health products.\nBy 2000 there was one frontier I had not entered, however my interest had been sparked from childhood. My Uncle Don was a bee-keeper in Te Awamutu, Waikato during the 1930’s. His focus was producing clover honey for his own retail brand in local shops. During this period large tracts of the manuka tree still existed in the Waikato. With further land development no large tracts exist today.\nUncle Don told me he used to produce manuka honey not through choice but because the bees would collect it at a specific time of year. For him it was waste material and he gave it to dairy farmers to feed to their cows. He would comment, the remarkable outcome was those cows never became ill whereas other cows had the normal run of diseases. Uncle Don queried why did manuka honey prevent cows from becoming ill?\nI wanted to find out. This was the start to my journey in the manuka honey industry.\nWhy is manuka honey unique? We did not find out until 2006. Here is the story leading up to the discovery of methylglyoxal (MGO) in manuka honey.\nIn 1990 Professor Peter Molan, University of Waikato showed manuka honey had anti-bacterial activity even when hydrogen peroxide was not present. He could not explain why so he called it “non-peroxide activity”. Hydroxen peroxide activity was not stable however he showed non-peroxide activity was stable which made manuka honey unique. Professor Molan modified the agar diffusion assay to measure the zone of inhibition of one species of bacteria. The area of the zone was benchmarked to a numbering system: 10, 15 etc.\nProfessor Molan realized NPA (non-peroxide activity) was not a very sexy marketing term. He knew sunscreen had a rating system based on its protection level called SPF (sun protection factor). He adapted this for manuka honey by calling it UMF (unique manuka factor). The “factor” causing UMF was unknown.\nThe early years of raising awareness of the properties of manuka honey was led by Professor Molan and a group of bee-keepers. This informal group called Active Manuka Industry Group (AMHIG) was supported by New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (NZTE).\nOver the next 16 years Professor Molan, scientists worldwide including those working for pharmaceutical companies tried to identify the compound(s) causing the stable antibacterial activity. In the early 2000’s I ran joint research programmes with Professor Molan to identify the “Factor” but to no avail.\nIn 2002 we replaced AMHIG with the Active Manuka Honey Association where I was the Foundation Chairperson. A high priority was registering the UMF trademark in key markets. This was achieved through a grant I secured from NZTE.\nIn 2006 the “Holy Grail” of the Manuka Honey industry was discovered by Professor Thomas Henle and his team at the Technical University of Dresden, Germany. Manuka honey produced in the processing plant where I was CEO was used in the research. 80 honey samples from around the world were tested including 5 manuka honey samples for a range of glycation compounds, including methylglyoxal. The result showed the manuka honey samples had elevated levels of methylglyoxal and the rest had virtually nothing.\nWas methylglyoxal responsible for the non-peroxide activity? Professor Henle ran experiments using the agar diffusion assay protocols developed by Professor Molan to prove methylglyoxal was responsible for the non-peroxide activity. The Unique Manuka Factor was no longer a mystery. Methylglyoxal is a compound well known in the medical and scientific world. Professor Albert Szent-Gyorgyi, famous for isolating Vitamin C, demonstrated the role of methylgyoxal in the body over 60 years ago.\nI kept the discovery secret and took advantage by registering the MGO trademark in major markets and establishing an exclusive research agreement for manuka honey research with the Technical University of Dresden.\nThis was only the start of the MGO story. Over next five years the discovery of MGO proved to be a major disruption factor in the manuka honey industry.\nMyself with Professors Peter Molan and Thomas Henle\nProfessor Peter Molan\nProfessor Thomas Henle\nTechnical University of Dresden\nIn mid-2007 I decided to announce the discovery of methylglyoxal at the annual National Beekeepers Conference in Dunedin at the conference dinner. The announcement was followed by stunned silence. I made the offer to all manuka honey brands to join us in marketing the product based on its MGO content.\nI followed this by extending the invitation to AMHA (later to change its name to UMFHA – Unique Manuka Factor Honey Association). My argument was now we know the compound responsible for the non-peroxide activity we should be open and transparent with consumers. It was easy for consumers to understand because the number related directly to the concentration of MGO in the honey. Furthermore, the concentration was measured on a precise, quantitative technology (HPLC) and the result was repeatable.\nThis contrasted with UMF where the agar diffusion assay was a qualitative technique where the results were not repeatable since around 12 subjective variables were involved in the testing method. As well, consumers could never understand how the number was derived. These were regular issues being dealt with at AMHA meetings.\nThe response to my invitation was increasing hostility by AMHA over ensuing months. However, “ a leopard cannot change its spots”. By early 2008 we abandoned any hope of convincing AMHA to adopt MGO. The decision was made to market our products using the MGO trademark.\nA marketing campaign supported by packaging changes was quickly implemented. We set out to educate consumers of the world about methylglyoxal and why manuka honey was REALLY unique!\nSales growth across the domestic and international markets demonstrated MGO was the right decision. We grew the Company rapidly to become the No 1 brand in many markets, and became one of the largest two companies in the manuka honey industry by a distance.\nIronically, AMHA switched to adopting MGO in 2011 to determine the value of its honey. The non-peroxide measurement was replaced by methylglyoxal measurement and then converted back to the non-peroxide number. Why not be transparent with your consumers and give them the MGO content?\nRequirements for a Rating System\nI struggled, like my competitors for too many years with the measurement of UMF. The industry needed to find a rating system for manuka honey that would meet the following criteria:\nBased on science (verifiable by independent studies);\nBased on labelling the bioactive compound (if known);\nBased on a concentration rather than “activity”;\nBased on a published method, which can be used by any laboratory (external and independent validation);\nMust not be a health claim;\nMust be clear to the consumer.\nThe discovery of methylglyoxal by Professor Henle allowed the development of a rating system proven by science. This was due to:\nMethylglyoxal is directly and exclusively responsible for the unique antibacterial activity of manuka honey;\nThere are no synergistic compounds – if no MGO no antibacterial activity\nRating of manuka honey based on MGO is scientifically sound since the value-adding compound is labelled\nRatings based on other parameters such as “activity” are scientifically not justified and are misleading\nMethylglyoxal and Antibacterial Activity\nThe “proof of the pudding” showing the correlation between methylglyoxal content and non-peroxide antibacterial activity was published in 2008 by TUD:\nMethylglyoxal Activity in Gastrointestinal Tract\nWhen methylglyoxal is consumed in honey it remains stable in the mouth and stomach. When it enters the small intestine it is degraded and is not absorbed into the bloodstream. Thereafter, it is eliminated by the body.\nAny health benefits through anti-bacterial activity are only possible in the mouth, oesophagus and stomach.\nThere are no clinical trials to demonstrate this happens in humans.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.hospitalandagedcare.com.au/news/ms-breakthroughs-promise-hope", "date": "2013-05-24T20:58:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705043997/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115043-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9338985681533813, "token_count": 610, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__15618307", "lang": "en", "text": "In one of the largest human genetic studies ever undertaken, scientists have identified the major common genetic variants contributing to the neurologic disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS).\nThe research represents years of work by the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (IMSGC) involving more than 250 researchers in 15 countries. Australian scientists have played a significant role, with 16 contributing to the work, and more than 1,000 Australians with MS contributing DNA samples.\nThe study confirmed the presence of up to 57 MS gene variants with a remarkable pattern that shows that the reason some people get MS and others don’t is largely due to subtle, inherited differences in immune function. It points to a pivotal role for T cells – the ‘orchestra leaders’ of the immune system and makes it clear that MS is primarily an immunologic disease.\nProfessor Graeme Stewart, a Clinical Immunologist in the Westmead Millennium Institute at the University of Sydney, led the Australian and New Zealand contribution, called ANZgene.\n“Discovering so many new leads is an enormous step towards understanding the cause of MS,” Professor Stewart says. “Most importantly, for people with MS, these genes also strengthen the case for immunologic treatments currently in clinical trials and point to new therapeutic approaches.”\nThe executive director of MS Research Australia, Jeremy Wright, says the research provides people with MS greater hope for improved treatments and ultimately a cure.\nHe says the breakthroughs provide much greater intelligence about MS.\n“It confirms current treatments are on the right track. MS can cause debilitating problems by turning the body’s immune systems on itself and attacking nerves in the brain and the central nervous system.\n“This research shows that it’s not just one, or a few dominate genes, that influence MS, but 57 gene variants with many associated with the functioning of the immune system.\n“These substantial breakthroughs mean we suddenly have a lot more intelligence in which to battle the disease,” he says, adding that better intelligence means more strategic fighting of MS.\nWright says MS causes white blood cells to leak through the brain and attack the lining of the nerves, which disrupts the signals between the brain and the rest of the body. While MS is not usually fatal, it can be life-threatening if the symptoms affect vital bodily functions.\nHe says recent advances in immuno-modulators or immune suppressants have been successful in “dampening” down affected immune systems and slowing the disease’s progress.\n“The breakthroughs will result in better, more targeted drugs. Next will be studying gene expression to better understand the mechanisms of the disease,” he says, adding it brings solving MS closer.\n- David Hutchins\nHealth and aged care organisations and the government should combine to develop skills and pathways to attract, retain and retrain workers in the second stage of their lives, writes Get Healthcare Direct CEO David Norris.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.livingbalanceclinic.ca/rolf-method-of-structural-integration/", "date": "2023-09-28T10:13:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510387.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20230928095004-20230928125004-00350.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9435427188873291, "token_count": 2146, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__118754782", "lang": "en", "text": "Some of the most recent breakthroughs in looking at the nervous system and connective tissues show how completely interconnected our body really is.\nNerves, fascia, skin and muscles span huge expanses of the body. Top to bottom, front to back, left to right and inside to outside, the human body is truly an interconnected giant spider web.\nDr. Rolf recognized that in order to help a person achieve their most optimal and highest level of function. We can’t just segment the body into small pieces and parts like Legos. What you do in one area of your body affects every region throughout the entire structure. As the body compensates to try and manage what you are doing with it and to it, the body’s resiliency and ability to adapt to the demands placed upon it become less effective and efficient.\nLong time frames of sitting or doing repetitive tasks can cause the whole body to compensate by shifting, tilting, rotating, and contracting throughout the whole system.\nThe 10 series of Structural Integration offers the client an opportunity to explore and reconnect each region of the body in a focused way instead of just chasing after symptoms in an unorganized and random process. As the SI practitioner and client work together through each session they systematically work every area of the body helping the brain and connective tissue get reacquainted.\nEach and every client is different, and while there is a general recipe that we are following, every session is unique to each client. With each session we are working with a client’s reported symptoms and problems as well as looking to see how other areas of the body can be contributing to a heightened or over-sensitized nervous system and locked-down, hypertonic tissues.\nHere are how the sessions work with each other and build upon each other. We want to solve the problem and not just treat the symptom.\nSession 1: The Hour of Vital Capacity\nOne of the main goals of the first session is to help the client achieve easier and more efficient breathing. By beginning to soften and free the shoulder girdle from the rib cage it allows for the rib cage to move with less stress and effort. Effortlessly breathing in and out can have a huge impact on every aspect of the rest of the body. Increased oxygenation is the key to a more efficient being in every capacity.\nAs the big bulky muscles of the shoulder girdle soften their grip on the rib cage, the neck and mid back to move with greater ease and resiliency.\nAnother goal of the first session is to begin establishing a more functional and level pelvis. As the pelvis losses its ability to function and move effortlessly this causes compensation and contraction through rest of the body.\nWe can look at session 1 as the preparation phase of a construction site, or the prep work in the kitchen.\nSession 2: The Hour of the Feet and Legs.\nSession 2 is where we begin to lay the foundation of the structure to build upon.\nHelping the body re-establish more functional feet and arches allows for better movement of the knees and pelvis. As these regions are able to better move and support the pelvis, we will continue to see the pelvis and spine become more supple, functional and happy. Without a solid and functional foundation it is hard to build a structure that can deal with the demands and stresses a person goes through on a daily basis.\nAs the legs now can more efficiently carry the trunk, we will begin to see the muscles of the back lessen their hypercontraction from the low back all the way up to the head. As this tissue becomes softer we are able to help the client gain an even better connection to how much or how little the back muscles need to be engaging to support the body appropriately.\nSession 3: The Hour of the Quadratus Lumborum (QL)\nIn the third hour of the 10 series we will be helping the client establish better connection of the side line of their body. Some muscles and fascia of the back can begin to migrate toward to side and front of the body causing the body to contract and work harder than it should.\nAs we work through the third hour we help the client recognize which connective tissues should be where and how to begin to soften and relax the lateral line of the body so it is not playing tug-of-war with itself.\nThis session is also a continuation of the work on the shoulder girdle that we began in the first hour. As the shoulder girdle continues to soften and become more organized, supple and functional; the client gains better control of their spine, and torso allowing for range of motion, balance and coordination they have not had since they were teenagers.\nSession 4: The Hour of the Adductors\nOne of the major goals of every session is to allow the pelvis to be has healthy and functional as possible.\nThe fourth hour is the beginning of the core work. The strong muscles on the inside of the leg that attach onto the pelvis can cause a great deal of side to side imbalance of the pelvis and can contribute to the knee and foot not moving as well as they should. As this inside line begins to soften, we can see the knee begin to move in its more ideal plane of motion, which allows the pelvis to function better.\nSession5: The Hour of the Psoas\nThe large abdominal muscles and large upper thigh muscles both connect to the pelvis. These muscles can cause a tremendous amount of stress and increased sensitization of the nervous system causing the body to contract at levels and in ways that make the spine and pelvis more rigid and less efficient.\nAs we work from the diaphragm to the knees, encouraging the body to soften and engage at the appropriate levels, we address the body’s front to back imbalances.\nMany people find a great deal of improvement in knee pain, hip, pain, low, mid and upper back pain as well as neck pain lessening as we work through the fifth session.\nSession 6: The Hour of the Sacrum\nSession 4 addressed side to side motion of the pelvis, session 5 addressed front to back motion of the pelvis, and now in session 6 we are working towards how the spine connects with and fits into the pelvis.\nThe powerful muscles of the back pelvis (the glutes, hamstrings, deep hip rotators) can all cause a tremendous amount of stress and tension when they are engaging at excessive rates to try and fight what is happening on the front side of the body.\nAs we work from the foot through the calf, hamstring, pelvis, low back, mid back upper back and neck it helps the client realize that the back side of the body has been holding on for dear life to try and fight all that happens on the front side of the body.\nAs the inside thigh muscles from the fourth hour and the front thigh and hip flexor muscles from the fifth hour soften, it allows the hamstrings and back side of the body to soften and come back to its more appropriate level of tension and position.\nSession 7: The hour of the Head and Neck\nNow that we have everything below the head and neck much more stable, functional, balanced supple and mobile we can focus our attention on the head and neck doing our detailed neck, head, face and jaw work. Imagine the idea of putting the cherry on the cake, or a ball on a table. If the cake or table is crooked it would be more difficult to have the ball sit on the table without falling off, or for the cherry to sit in the center of the cake.\nThe intricate workings of the shoulder, neck and head require a person to really improve their ability to be aware of and how to encourage muscles and the nervous system to soften, so they can have this area be as functional as possible. Many people get neck work week after week, year after year, always having the same issues over and over. This can often be related to the fact that when everything below the head and neck are more contracted it makes it difficult for the head to be in a place of ease on top of the body.\nSessions 8 & 9: The Balancing Sessions\nIn sessions 1-7, we focused on working to help our clients begin the process of differentiating the glued together, rigid, and contracted parts from one another. The nervous system and connective tissues down-regulated and softened and now the body can move more easily, freely, with less restriction and tug-of-war compensation.\nIn sessions 8 and 9 we are looking to help the client balance, connect and relate the upper body and lower body together. In one of these sessions we will focus on balancing and relating the upper girdle to middle and in the other session we will do the same for the lower girdle. In our balancing sessions, we begin to dynamically change how we work with the client getting them into gravity by putting them in different positions on the table and in seated and standing positions to continue to encourage the nervous system to realize that it can move and function without so much hypertonicity and contracture.\nSession 10: The Hour of the Joints\nSession 10 is graduation day. Our aim is to help our clients be able to move effortlessly and freely within and through their joints. Over time, as a body and nervous system become rigid and hard, it can cause the connective tissues to lock out joints; decreasing a person’s ability to move easily and effortlessly.\nAs we bring greater awareness to how our clients are moving through the major joints, it dramatically brings them to a place of contentedness, balance, coordination, ease and gracefulness that we are all seeking to have. At this last stage of our 10 series, we have given our clients a tremendous amount of self-care tools and education to encourage them to address issues as they happen instead of only relying upon a healthcare provider to fix them.\nLiving Balance Clinic\nUnit 2 - 551 Knights Hill Road\nAll the information you need to know for your first appointment will be sent with your first confirmation e-mail when you book online. If you have any other questions or concerns please contact us here or call. Our professional team will be happy to help you.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://waterloo.mylaurier.ca/health/info/Pap.htm", "date": "2013-05-20T14:24:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699056351/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101056-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9363198280334473, "token_count": 771, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__210498816", "lang": "en", "text": "The Pap Test\nWhat is the Pap Test:\nPap: stands for Papanicolau stain. A routine test to screen for cancerous cells in the cervix as a prevention of cervical cancer. It can show unhealthy changes in these cells\nWhat is the Cervix?\nThe cervix is found at the top of the vagina. It is the opening of the womb.\nWho needs a Pap test?\nCervical cytology screening should be initiated at 21 years of age for women who are or have ever been sexually active. This includes intercourse, as well as digital or oral sexual activity involving the genital area with a partner of either gender.\nIf cytology is normal, screening should be done every 3 years.\nWhen is the best time to have the Pap test done?\nThe best time for the Pap test is when you do not have your period, have not had sex for 1 day (24 hours) before the test and when you have not put any foams or medications in the vagina for two days (48 hours).\nHow is the Pap test done?\nYour health care provider can do a Pap test during a pelvic exam. It is a quick test that takes only a few minutes. You will be asked to lie down on an exam table and put your feet in holders called stirrups, letting your knees fall to the side. A sheet will cover your legs and stomach. The health care provider will put an instrument called a speculum into your vagina, opening it to see the cervix and to do the Pap test. She or he will use a special stick, brush or swab to take a few cells from inside and around the cervix. The cells are placed in a small container, then checked by a lab to make sure they are healthy. While painless for most women, a Pap test can cause cramping for some women.\n(Chlamydia and Gonorrhea swabs may also be taken at this time)\nWhat does an abnormal result mean?\nFor most women, an abnormal Pap test result does not mean you have cancer. It may just mean that there are changes in the cells of your cervix.\n“Not Normal” can mean:\n-an inflammation in the vagina or cervix or an infection that may require treatment.\n-(ASCUS) small changes in the cells on your cervix that may go away on their own without treatment.\n-(LSIL) moderate changes in the cells that may stay or get worse if not treated.\n-(HSIL) more serious changes that may lead to cancer if not treated.\n-Cancer of the cervix\nAll these changes can be treated.\nWhat are my treatment options?\nYour treatment plan will depend on the kind of cells changes you have. Many cells revert back to normal in 6 months.\nSometimes, your doctor or nurse will ask you to have another Pap test in 3-6 months to see if your cells will change back to normal on their own. You may worry about waiting but remember that three out of four abnormal Pap test results return to normal by the next test.\nIt usually takes up to 10 years for abnormal cells to turn to cancer.\nFor more serious cell changes or repeated abnormal results, you will be referred to a specialist who will look more carefully at your cervix with a colposcope. It is a special set of binoculars that helps your doctor see your cervix more clearly.\nThe doctor may also take a biopsy (small piece of tissue) for a closer look under a microscope.\nMy Pap Test results say I have HPV-What does that mean?\nclick here: http://waterloo.mylaurier.ca/health/info/HPV.htm", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://message2u.asia/en/3d-printing-tumors-carcinotechs-journey-to-revolutionize-cancer-research/", "date": "2024-03-04T01:12:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476409.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304002142-20240304032142-00631.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9002382159233093, "token_count": 611, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__85390409", "lang": "en", "text": "Table of Contents\n- 3D Tumor Printing: A Revolutionary Approach\n- Bioprinted Tumors: Mimicking the Tumor Microenvironment\n- Accelerating Drug Screening and Personalized Medicine\n- Carcinotech’s Funding and Expansion Plans\n- Partnerships and Collaborations for Innovation\n- Carcinotech: A Beacon of Hope in Cancer Research\n3D Tumor Printing: A Revolutionary Approach\nCarcinotech, a trailblazing biotech company, has taken a major leap forward in cancer research by pioneering the 3D printing of micro-tumors. This innovative technology offers a highly accurate representation of the tumor microenvironment, enabling researchers to conduct more precise and effective drug screenings and develop personalized treatment plans for patients.\nBioprinted Tumors: Mimicking the Tumor Microenvironment\nThe remarkable achievement of Carcinotech lies in its ability to create 3D printed tumors that closely mimic the complex structure and cellular composition of actual tumors. These bioprinted tumors, generated from patient biopsies and blood samples, serve as a powerful tool for studying tumor growth, metastasis, and drug response in a controlled laboratory setting.\nAccelerating Drug Screening and Personalized Medicine\nThe development of bioprinted tumors significantly accelerates the drug screening process, enabling researchers to test potential therapies on a more accurate model of the tumor. This approach enhances the efficiency and accuracy of drug discovery, leading to the development of more effective and targeted treatments for cancer patients. Moreover, it paves the way for personalized medicine, tailoring treatments to the specific characteristics of each patient’s tumor.\nCarcinotech’s Funding and Expansion Plans\nCarcinotech’s groundbreaking technology has garnered significant attention and support from investors, securing £4.2 million in funding. This funding will fuel the company’s expansion into the lucrative US market, enabling it to reach a broader audience and further develop its groundbreaking technologies. The company’s vision is to revolutionize cancer research and bring personalized medicine to every individual battling this devastating disease.\nPartnerships and Collaborations for Innovation\nCarcinotech recognizes the importance of collaboration in advancing scientific research. The company has forged strategic partnerships with leading organizations, including CELLINK, a renowned bioprinting company. These collaborations provide Carcinotech with access to cutting-edge technologies and expertise, accelerating the development of its bioprinted tumor models and expanding its research capabilities.\nCarcinotech: A Beacon of Hope in Cancer Research\nCarcinotech’s innovative approach to cancer research holds immense promise for the future of cancer treatment. By creating bioprinted tumors that accurately replicate the tumor microenvironment, the company is revolutionizing drug screening and paving the way for personalized medicine. Carcinotech stands as a beacon of hope in the fight against cancer, offering new avenues for developing more effective and targeted therapies that can improve the lives of patients worldwide.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://quantumchiro.co.nz/sciatica-chiropractic/", "date": "2020-11-24T14:13:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141176864.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20201124140942-20201124170942-00700.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9273271560668945, "token_count": 706, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__4671544", "lang": "en", "text": "What is Sciatica?\nThe sciatic nerve is the longest and largest of all the body’s nerves. It runs from the spinal column near the pelvis down each leg and can be as wide as your thumb. The sciatic nerve controls muscles in the back of your knee and lower leg and also provides feeling to the back of your thigh, sole of your foot and part of your lower leg. Each sciatic nerve is made up of five smaller nerves that branch into the thigh, knee, calf, ankle and foot. When this nerve becomes inflamed it creates a condition, which we call sciatica. Sciatica is characterized by pain, numbness and weakness in the lower extremities. Commonly pain and numbness are located at the calf, foot or back of the thigh and shooting pain down the leg all the way to the toes, which often causes sensations of burning, cramping, tingling, numbness and depending of the level of acuteness, degrees of pain ranging from an aching nuisance to throbbing to extreme and overt pain and is usually on only one side of the body. (Acute sciatica is said to be one the worst pain that a human has to endure).\nWhat causes Sciatica?\nSciatica can be caused by many different things, but occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed, irritated or inflamed. Which sometimes can be traced back to a certain event, such as a car accident. But also years of bad posture, poor muscle tone, excess weight and countless other causes can set the stage for Sciatica. Standing, sitting, walking, running, heavy lifting, bending, twisting, or even sneezing can then bring on symptoms.\nChiropractic and Sciatica\nWhenever pain relief is discussed- whether for sciatica or any other injury, it is important to distinguish between just relieving the pain and actually treating the cause of the pain. Most short-term pain relief is just that… short-term. If the underlying cause of the sciatica is not corrected the pain will inevitably return.\nDoctors of Chiropractic offer drug-free and non-invasive care to address sciatica. The Chiropractic approach to sciatica is to help restore the way your spine works, reducing nerve irritation therefore revitalizing your body’s own healing ability.\nChiropractic theory states that in order for the body to be optimized for health, the neurological pathways must remain open and unrestricted.\nQuite often people with sciatica wait until the pain becomes unbearable before they contact their chiropractor. Waiting can cause long-term damage, it is important to contact your Chiropractic when the pain originally begins.\nCox, J. & Shreiner, S. (1984) Chiropractic manipulation in low back pain and sciatica: statistical data on the diagnosis, treatment and response of 576 consecutive cases. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 7(1), 1-11.\nSantilli, V., Beghi, E., & Finucci, S. (2006) Chiropractic manipulation in the treatment of acute back pain and sciatica with disc protrusion: a randomized double-blind clinical trial of active and simulated spinal manipulations. The spine journal: Official journal of the North American Spine society, 6(2).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ketamineonlinemeds.com/product-category/buy-benzos/", "date": "2022-07-06T11:13:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104669950.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220706090857-20220706120857-00442.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9287669658660889, "token_count": 642, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__117473530", "lang": "en", "text": "Benzodiazepines (BZD, BDZ, BZs), sometimes called “benzos“, are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring. As depressants—drugs which lower brain activity—they are prescribed to treat conditions such as anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955 and was made available in 1960 by Hoffmann–La Roche, which soon followed with diazepam (Valium) in 1963. By 1977, benzodiazepines were the most prescribed medications globally; the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), among other factors, decreased rates of prescription, but they remain frequently used worldwide.\nBenzodiazepines are depressants that enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties. High doses of many shorter-acting benzodiazepines may also cause anterograde amnesia and dissociation. These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety, panic disorder, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures. Benzodiazepines are categorized as short, intermediate, or long-acting. Short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia; longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety.\nBenzodiazepines are generally viewed as safe and effective for short-term use—about two to four weeks—although cognitive impairment and paradoxical effects such as aggression or behavioral disinhibition can occur. A minority of people have reactions such as worsened agitation or panic when they stop taking benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are associated with an increased risk of suicide due to aggression, impulsivity, and negative withdrawal effects. Long-term use is controversial because of concerns about decreasing effectiveness, physical dependence, benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, and an increased risk of dementia and cancer. In the long term, stopping benzodiazepines often leads to improved physical and mental health. The elderly are at an increased risk of both short- and long-term adverse effects, and as a result, all benzodiazepines are listed in the Beers List of inappropriate medications for older adults. There is controversy concerning the safety of benzodiazepines in pregnancy. While they are not major teratogens, uncertainty remains as to whether they cause cleft palate in a small number of babies and whether neurobehavioural effects occur as a result of prenatal exposure; they are known to cause withdrawal symptoms in the newborn.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.moldinspectionprofessionals.com/copy-of-photos-videos-1", "date": "2023-12-02T08:36:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100381.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202073445-20231202103445-00501.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9517137408256531, "token_count": 1763, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__239819379", "lang": "en", "text": "Health Effects of Mold & Other Airborne Contaminants\nHealth Effects of Mold\nExposure to damp and moldy environments may cause a variety of health effects, or none at all. Some people are sensitive to molds. For these people, molds can cause nasal stuffiness, throat irritation, coughing or wheezing, eye irritation, or, in some cases, skin irritation. People with mold allergies may have more severe reactions. Immune-compromised people and people with chronic lung illnesses, such as obstructive lung disease, may get serious infections in their lungs when they are exposed to mold. These people should stay away from areas that are likely to have mold, such as compost piles, cut grass, and wooded areas.\nIn 2004 the Institute of Medicine (IOM) found there was sufficient evidence to link indoor exposure to mold with upper respiratory tract symptoms, cough, and wheeze in otherwise healthy people; with asthma symptoms in people with asthma; and with hypersensitivity pneumonitis in individuals susceptible to that immune-mediated condition. The IOM also found limited or suggestive evidence linking indoor mold exposure and respiratory illness in otherwise healthy children.\nIn addition, in 2004 the IOM found sufficient evidence to link exposure to damp indoor environments in general to upper respiratory tract symptoms, cough, and wheeze in otherwise healthy people and with asthma symptoms in people with asthma. The IOM also found limited or suggestive evidence linking exposure to damp indoor environments in general to shortness of breath, to respiratory illness in otherwise healthy children and to potential development of asthma in susceptible individuals. In 2009, the World Health Organization issued additional guidance, the WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality: Dampness and Mould[PDF – 2.52 MB]. Other recent studies have suggested a potential link of early mold exposure to development of asthma in some children, particularly among children who may be genetically susceptible to asthma development, and that selected interventions that improve housing conditions can reduce morbidity from asthma and respiratory allergies, but more research is needed in this regard.\nA link between other adverse health effects, such as acute idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage among infants, memory loss, or lethargy, and molds, including the mold Stachybotrys chartarum (Stachybotrys atra), has not been proven. Further studies are needed to find out what causes acute idiopathic hemorrhage and other adverse health effects.\nHealth Effects of VOCs\nMost people don’t give this topic much thought until VOC related symptoms seem to not go away and doctors give a diagnosis like “Most likely environmental” your environment is where you spend your time. Unless you live in a tepee or tree fort this primarily means your home. Some of the health effect of VOCs on humans is eye, nose, and throat irritation; headaches, loss of coordination, nausea; damage to liver, kidney, and central nervous system. Some VOCs from testing are known to cause cancer in animals and are suspected or known to cause cancer in humans.\nKey signs or symptoms associated with exposure to VOCs include conjunctival irritation, nose and throat discomfort, headache, allergic skin reaction, dyspnea, declines in serum cholinesterase levels, nausea, emesis, epistaxis, fatigue, dizziness. Volatile organic compounds appear also to be significant risk factors for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).\nVarying Effects of VOC’s\nThe ability of organic chemicals to cause health effects varies greatly from those that are highly toxic, to those with no known health effect. Some have a strong smell and some no smell at all. The extent of health effects of VOCs on humans will depend on many factors including level of exposure and length of time exposed and where they are exposed i.e. floors, bed mattresses, play toys etc.\nEye and respiratory tract irritation, headaches, dizziness, visual disorders, and memory impairment, unconsciousness and death are among the immediate symptoms that some people have experienced soon after exposure to high levels of VOC’s. When I was young and stupid, I was doing some wood repairs using high VOC contact cement (no longer sold) working in a basement, the fumes were pretty strong, after about 15 minutes I felt light headed and started up the stairs for some fresh air, I staggered and almost collapsed, was close to loosing consciousness and barely made it up the stairs.\nStrong Evidence Linking VOCs to Asthma and COPD\nAsthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood in the developed world and its prevalence appears to have increased significantly over the past 30 years. Observations indicate that the rising prevalence has coincided with modifications to the home environment such as the introduction of soft furniture, fitted carpets, air conditioning, and central heating. The indoor environment should be of crucial importance since infants and elderly often spend more than 80% of their time indoors at home. The newer the home and the more insulated and air sealed the home is the greater the concern because the VOC’s are effectively trapped inside.\nAt present, not much is known about at what levels health effects of VOCs on humans occur. Many organic compounds are known to cause cancer in animals; some are suspected of causing, or are known to cause, cancer in humans. To better understand the links from VOCs to asthma and COPD, doctors are using a new type of testing in which they measure the VOCs exhaled from patients lungs. This tells them what VOCs are present and at what levels in their bodies to help diagnose or determine the cause of asthma and COPD.\nHealth Effects of Allergens\nAllergens are substances that are foreign to the body and can cause an allergic reaction in certain people. Allergens are everywhere in the world around us. Examples of common allergens are pollen, foods, and mold.\nYour living environment may contain a variety of animal and plant life, most of which can become a source for allergens, the triggers of allergic reactions. Pollens are the main cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis. However, if your nasal stuffiness, sneezing, watery eyes, and constant postnasal drip bother you year-round, then you most likely have nonseasonal hay fever, sometimes referred to as perennial allergic rhinitis. This condition is typically caused by indoor allergens such as dust mites, cockroach parts, mold, and animal dander.\nAllergies are exaggerated immune responses to environmental triggers known as allergens. Allergies are very common, and about 50 million people in North America suffer from allergies. One of the most common forms of allergy is allergic rhinitis (\"hay fever\"), which produces symptoms like nasal congestion, itchy and watery eyes, sneezing, stuffy or runny nose, scratchy or sore throat, throat clearing, cough from postnasal drip.\nThe symptoms of hay fever can, in turn, lead to fatigue and lethargy. Other types of allergic reactions can involve the skin (hives and itching). Anaphylactic shock is a severe form of allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. In anaphylactic shock, there is swelling of the throat and difficulty breathing. Asthma is also related to allergies in many cases.\nThe symptoms of allergies can sometimes resemble those of other conditions. The common cold and the flu can cause respiratory symptoms similar to allergies. Typically, allergy symptoms are associated with a specific time of year or exposure to an allergen.\nHealth Effects of Bacteria\nCertain types of bacteria can cause diseases, such as, typhoid fever, syphilis, cholera, tuberculosis and foodborne illnesses. Antibiotics are used to kill harmful bacteria and the diseases they cause.\nFecal coliform are bacteria that can cause hepatitis, dysentery, cholera, ear infection and typhoid fever, according to the North Dakota Department of Health. The bacteria are commonly found in natural bodies of water, but also in buildings where water intrusion has occured, such as toilet back ups, sewage back ups, floods, etc. Indoor mold and bacteria pose health risks. As they grow indoors, mold and bacteria produce spores and/or chemical compounds into the air. The health effects associated with these spores (see picture on the right) and chemicals may include runny nose, eye irritation, cough, congestion, aggravation of asthma and respiratory problems, headache, flu-like symptoms, fatigue, and skin rash and other allergic reactions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.powerlinegenetics.com/dna-asa", "date": "2023-12-01T23:28:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100308.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201215122-20231202005122-00401.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9527727961540222, "token_count": 401, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__159378142", "lang": "en", "text": "What makes a Powerline Bull?\nWe strive to source superior bulls with convenience traits and added performance that are structurally correct and masculine in their make-up. These sires have been genetically designed to produce feeder cattle that are fast growing and feed efficient with carcass merit.\nThe concept of heterosis, or cross breeding, has been around for decades, and that has always been one of the selling points of a PLG bull. Our selection criteria has led us to be predominantly Simmental and Angus. We feel this breed combination allows for the most ideal product both in a cow herd and in a feed yard. We are able to combine maternal characteristics, growth and performance with advantages in carcass traits.\nWhere are Powerline Genetics' EPDs generated from?\nThe multipliers with Powerline Genetics have enrolled their cow herds with the American Simmental Association (ASA) which allows for EPDs to be generated on PLG bulls. Once DNA has been collected and submitted, Genomically Enhanced (GE) EPDs become available on those animals which helps to improve the accuracy of the genotypes. This allows bull buyers to compare PLG bulls to any other Simmental bulls around the country.\nWhy does PLG market PAP tested bulls?\nPulmonary Arterial Pressure Measurement (PAP) tested bulls are a unique market for us. This group of potential sires is sent out to Laramie, WY for about 30 days where they are exposed to an elevation of more than 7,000 feet. A bull with an exceptional score has added value because in order to breed cows in this type of environment he has to be able to survive it. Not all genetics are able to do that. We have also found this is an incredibly heritable trait. Consequently, our PAP tested bulls that are used generate offspring that can handle higher altitudes whether they become replacement heifers, or go to the feed yards in Colorado.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bornfertilelady.com/collagen/", "date": "2024-04-21T01:37:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817699.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421005612-20240421035612-00662.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9507396221160889, "token_count": 599, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__52539907", "lang": "en", "text": "Collagen supplements have gained popularity for their potential benefits in promoting healthy skin, joints, and overall well-being.\nHowever, when it comes to matters of conception and pregnancy, it's essential to be cautious about what you put into your body. In this article, we'll explore whether it's safe to take collagen supplements while trying to conceive.\nWhat Is Collagen?\nCollagen is the most abundant protein in the human body and plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. It is responsible for providing structure to the skin, hair, nails, joints, and connective tissues.\nAs we age, collagen production naturally decreases, leading to concerns such as wrinkles and joint discomfort. Collagen supplements are designed to help replenish collagen levels and support these areas.\nCollagen Supplements and Trying to Conceive\nWhen you're trying to conceive, you want to ensure that your body is in the best possible condition to support a healthy pregnancy. Here are some considerations regarding collagen supplements during this important phase:\n1. Ingredients Matter\nNot all collagen supplements are created equal. It's vital to choose a high-quality product from a reputable manufacturer. Ensure that the supplement contains pure collagen without unnecessary additives or fillers.\n2. Collagen as a Protein Source\nCollagen supplements are primarily a source of protein, and protein is a crucial nutrient during pregnancy and conception. Protein supports tissue growth and repair and plays a vital role in the development of the fetus. Collagen can contribute to your overall protein intake, but it should not be your sole source of protein.\n3. Gelatin vs. Hydrolyzed Collagen\nCollagen supplements come in various forms, including gelatin and hydrolyzed collagen. Hydrolyzed collagen is broken down into smaller, more digestible peptides, making it a preferable choice, especially for those with digestion concerns.\n4. Consult Your Healthcare Provider\nBefore taking any dietary supplement, including collagen, it's essential to consult with your healthcare provider, especially when trying to conceive or during pregnancy. They can provide personalized guidance based on your health status, dietary needs, and specific circumstances.\n5. A Balanced Diet is Key\nWhile collagen supplements can be a part of your diet, it's crucial to prioritize a balanced and nutritious diet that includes a variety of foods rich in essential nutrients, such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and dairy or dairy alternatives. These nutrients are essential for reproductive health and overall well-being.\nIn general, taking collagen supplements in moderation as part of a balanced diet is unlikely to pose significant risks while trying to conceive. However, it's crucial to prioritize a well-rounded diet and consult with your healthcare provider before adding any supplements to your routine.\nThey can provide personalized recommendations and ensure that you are taking the best approach to support your fertility and overall health. Remember that a holistic approach to nutrition and lifestyle can have a positive impact on your journey to conception.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thefitmovement.co.uk/womens-health/supporting-thyroid-health/", "date": "2021-07-26T00:27:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046151972.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20210726000859-20210726030859-00314.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.932772159576416, "token_count": 1087, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__68053579", "lang": "en", "text": "In an earlier blog we considered thyroid function testing and results and what to consider.\nThe way in which food can affect thyroid health is a HUGE topic – too large to do justice to it in a single blog post. However, in this article, we’ll be looking at some of the key foods that can affect your thyroid system.\nFoods To Keep an Eye On For Thyroid Health …\n1. Goitrogenic vegetables\nEver been told to eat your greens?\nWell, there’s some logic behind it.\nGreen veg contains a whole host of vitamins and minerals.\nHowever, there’s (always) a but.\nIn particular, we’re considering the impact of food on goiters, a common form of hypothyroidism (i.e. low thyroid function) which is a noncancerous enlargement of the thyroid gland.\nWhen it comes to food, goitrogens are chemical compounds that can interfere with the uptake of iodine for normal thyroid production. Goitrogens are found in cruciferous vegetables, such as kale, broccoli, spinach, cauliflower, Brussel sprouts, greens and cabbage.\nFor women with an underactive thyroid due to iodine deficiency, eating high volumes of these vegetables raw should be avoided since the goitrogens in them can interfere with the uptake of iodine for normal thyroid production – which can be an issue for anyone with a thyroid that is already compromised.\nHowever, cruciferous vegetables do not need to be avoided altogether. Just consider cooking them until soft or fermenting first and consider whether your iodine levels are adequate when consuming them.\n2. Soy products\nSoy is also goitrogenic. Unfortunately, unlike raw cruciferous vegetables, cooking it does not render the goitrogenic compounds in soy inactive.\nIf you have both low thyroid function and low iodine levels, it is best to avoid.\n… and 3 Foods To Consider Adding In\n1. Brazil nuts\nFor anyone with selenium deficiency, increasing your selenium intake can help protect your thyroid from free radicals. A great source is a couple of Brazil nuts each day.\nLow iodine levels have been found to impact thyroid function.\nFoods such as seaweed, as well as spirulina, are a good source of iodine for those with low thyroid function. However, it requires a “goldilocks” approach – i.e. not too much, not too little.\nWhile low iodine levels are linked to hypothyroidism, excess iodine levels can inhibit the release of thyroidal hormones and in some studies there has been a suggested linked between excess iodine and a higher incidence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (i.e. an autoimmune disease where immune cells turn against and destroy the thyroid).1\n3. Vitamin D\nIt is thought that vitamin D deficiency is closely connected with Hashimoto thyroiditis. It is found readily in many fortified foods, such as milk, and also naturally in foods such as liver. You can top up for free if you go out in the sun, but consider an appropriate vitamin D supplement if you do not have regular daily exposure or live in a northern climate.\nNote: Before you go about making changes to your diet, please consider that each person’s requirements are specific to them and further appropriate advice should be sought.\nNeed some help?\nThese foods above represent just some of the ways in which you can influence thyroid function through nutrition. Of course, there are many other foods, as well as lifestyle strategies available, that may either support or impede thyroid and overall hormonal health.\nIf you would like to connect for a complimentary consultation, then contact Wendy at The FIT Movement directly through the contact page to arrange your appointment.\nAbout: Wendy Goldthorp is the Founder and Director of The FIT Movement Limited and creator of the FIT Movement classes in Exeter. She is a woman’s wellness + exercise specialist who gets where you are right now. She goes the extra mile to ensure you keep on track and believes that YOU can undoubtedly improve YOUR health, wellness + happiness through exercise + nutrition. Plus, she keeps it fun and informative.\nShe is a certified 3rd Age Woman instructor through Burrell Education and a Level 1 Precision Nutrition Coach. She works with midlife women from perimenopause, menopause and beyond and supports them for a positive menopause experience. Wendy is available to work with clients in person and online via Skype.\nDisclaimer: This blog is for informational purposes only. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent health problems – nor is it intended to replace the advice of a qualified medical practitioner or health practitioner. No action should be taken solely on the contents of this blog. Always consult your physician or qualified health professional on any matters regarding your health or on any opinions expressed here.\n1. Abraham, G.E. MD, Facts about iodine and autoimmune thyroiditis, The Original Internist. June 2008; 15(2); 75:76 quoted in Wentz, Isabella with Nowosadzka, Marta, “Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis – Lifestyle Interventions for Finding and Treating the Root Cause”, pub Wentz LLC, 2015.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.winslowhousecarecenter.com/activities-and-news/newsletter/winslow-house-harold/january-2020/nursing-news", "date": "2024-04-13T16:22:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816820.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413144933-20240413174933-00142.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9371650815010071, "token_count": 130, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__168011033", "lang": "en", "text": "Flu season is upon us, so please take a few extra minutes to prevent the spread of germs. Use antibacterial and antiviral hand sanitizer. You can even carry some in your pocket! Please use a face mask if you have a cold or suspected flu. Call your doctor of the first signs of suspected flu symptoms. Stay home from work, get plenty of fluids, and rest if you suspect you have the flu. With a few extra steps from YOU during flu season, you can be an infection preventionist. Thank you for your help in preventing the spread of germs!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://glutenfreetransformation.com/celiac-disease-primer/", "date": "2020-04-03T16:44:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370515113.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20200403154746-20200403184746-00216.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9262905716896057, "token_count": 1933, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-16", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__83821448", "lang": "en", "text": "While many are choosing a gluten-free diet to lose weight, those with celiac disease have no choice. Celiac disease requires an individual to avoid substances that contain gluten, including wheat, barley, and rye. Celiac disease is defined as the disorder where there is an abnormality in the small intestine manifested by contact with gluten. The small intestine consisted of small finger-like projections called villi. In individuals with celiac disease, gluten damages these villi. The intestinal damage leads to poor absorption, which can cause nutrient deficiencies.\nThe symptoms of celiac disease vary widely, which can make diagnosis difficult. Gastrointestinal symptoms include constipation, diarrhea, abdominal distention, abdominal pain, bloating, decreased appetite, gas, indigestion, lactose intolerance, loose or floating stool, unexplained weight loss, and nausea and vomiting. Other symptoms include arthritis (bone/joint pain), breathlessness, chronic fatigue, dental enamel defects, depression, dermatitis herpetiformis, failure to thrive, fibromyalgia, headaches, hypoglycemia, inability to concentrate, infertility, anemia, irritability, liver disease, malnutrition, neurological problems, osteoporosis, and vitamin/mineral deficiency.\nThree Types of Celiac Disease\nThere are three basic types of celiac disease: classical, nonclassical, and latent. In classical celiac disease, all of the associated symptoms involve the gastrointestinal tract. Nonclassical celiac disease involves symptoms that do not include the gastrointestinal tract. In latent celiac disease, there are no symptoms but damage of the intestine is still present. While the symptoms vary between them, all three will have intestinal damage. Many of the symptoms mimic those of irritable bowel syndrome, which can lead to misdiagnosis. Many doctors only know the symptoms of classical celiac disease and do not recognize the widely diverse symptoms of nonclassical celiac disease. Because of this, there is an average of 11 years between symptom onset and diagnosis. Celiac disease is thought to affect 1 in 100 people, but only 1 in 800 are ever diagnosed. There are efforts to increase the awareness of celiac disease among both the general public and medical industry.\nRelated Health Issues\nThere are many health issues associated with celiac disease. Many involve mal-absorption of essential nutrients, which lead to deficiencies, all of which come with their own list of symptoms. Cerebral calcifications are involved with ataxia, neuropathy, epilepsy, and headaches. While cerebral calcifications are related to celiac disease, the mechanism hasn’t been identified. Celiac disease is also connected with dementia and schizophrenia. Autism often improves with a gluten-free diet. The connection between the two has been studied but not yet identified. Other health issues related to celiac disease include ataxia, neuropathy, epilepsy, depression, Addison’s disease, type 1 diabetes, thyroiditis, and anemia. The connection between celiac disease and many of the related health issues is not known and currently being studied. However, evidence does show that eating a diet free of gluten will help relieve the symptoms of these related health issues.\nThe genetics of celiac disease are still not solidly known. While there is familial clustering of the disease, there are no discernable Mendelian inheritance patterns in families, meaning there is no predictable way to determine the dominate and recessive gene patterns like we can with eye color. However, evidence shows that the risk of celiac disease in first-degree relatives is 20-30 times greater than in the general population (3). If one identical twin has celiac, then there is a 75% chance that the other twin has it as well. In comparison, this percentage (typically referred to as the concordance rate) is only 33% for Chron’s disease, 36% for type 1 diabetes, and 25% for multiple sclerosis. From these numbers, it is clear that celiac disease is considered highly genetic.\nOne of the genes that has been implicated in causing celiac disease is the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene. The HLA complex contains around 200 genes, about half of which are known to have immunological function. Research shows that 95% of celiac patients have HLA DQ2, while the other 5% have the HLA DQ8 gene. However, it is important to remember that only 3% of those with these genes ever develop celiac disease. This makes an environmental element likely and prevents genetic testing to diagnose celiac disease.\nDiagnosing Celiac Disease\nThere are several ways to test for celiac disease. Completing an anti-body test is usually the first step. It is important that the patient being tested is still on a gluten-containing diet. The antibody testing includes tTG IgA, EMA IgA, and total IgA. tTG IgA is the measurement of serum concentration of tissue transglutaminase IgA, which is unusually high in celiac patients. EMA IgA is the measurement of serum concentration of endomysial antibody and has a high specificity for celiac disease. It is also more prone to false negatives. Celiac patients have a higher than average rate of selective IgA deficiency, which is tested for by the total IgA test. While antibody tests are a good first step, they are not as reliable as other methods.\nThe small bowel biopsy is the only conclusive way to diagnose celiac disease. The biopsy is usually performed when the antibody testing is positive for celiac disease or the patient has severe symptoms. The biopsy includes multiple samples taken endoscopically from the intestine. While the biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, it can fail to detect it if the patient is on a gluten-free diet or in the early stages of the disease.\nIf the patient is already on a gluten-free diet, there are two options. They can take the gluten challenge, which requires them to eat gluten daily until their symptoms return so that they can have the antibody testing or biopsy performed. The second option is genetic testing for the presence of HLA DQ2 and DQ8. A negative result will rule out celiac disease, since the HLA DQ2 or DQ8 genes are required for the disease. A positive test will not conclusively diagnose celiac disease. Only 3% of those with the genes will develop celiac disease. A positive genetic test, along with the symptom list and relief of symptoms of the gluten-free diet, can lead to a diagnosis of celiac disease.\nTreatment and Prognosis\nThe only treatment for celiac disease is a gluten-free diet. The diet is inconvenient and difficult to maintain. Those on the diet must be properly educated and ever vigilant, watching for hidden gluten and cross contamination issues. The relief of symptoms, and some related conditions such as diabetes, are an important motivator for the diet. Since the gluten-free diet is currently a trendy weight-loss diet, there are more and more options and choices available for those seeking gluten-free products.\nThose who maintain a strict gluten-free diet have the average life expectancy. However, those who don’t maintain the diet have a greater risk for intestinal lymphomas, other cancers of the digestive tract, and related conditions. The mortality rate at every age is twofold greater in untreated celiac patients.\nThe Future with Celiac Disease\nWhile still studying celiac disease, scientists are also looking for possible cures. Since celiac disease is brought on by the inability to digest gluten, scientists have identified enzymes that could further digest and properly break down gluten in the intestine. However, they are still working on how to get the enzyme into the patient’s intestine. Another option is breeding the toxic sequences out of grain, while leaving the taste and baking properties intact. However, the sequences are scattered throughout a complex genome and progress is slow.\nSources and References:\nHowdle David Peter. 2011. Celiac disease. In: Banerjee Bhaskar, editor. Nutritional Management of Digestive Disorders. New York: CRC Press. p. 91-111.\nCopelton Denise A, Valle Giuseppina. 2009. You don’t need a prescription to go gluten-free: The scientific self-diagnosis of celiac disease. Social Science & Medicine. New York: Elsevier. p. 625-630.\nDewar David, Pereira Stephen P, Ciclitira Paul J. 2003. The pathogenesis of coeliac disease. The international Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 36 p. 17-24.\nHelms Steve. 2005. Celiac disease and gluten-associated diseases. A Journal of Clinical Therapeutic 10.3:172-192.\nPietzak Maria Michelle, Fasano Alessio. 2005. Celiac disease: A new paradigm of an immune-mediated disorder due to dietary gluten. Reviews in Food and Nutrition Toxicity 3:ch9.\nVan Heel David A, Hunt Karen, Greco Luigi, Wijmenga Cisca. 2005. Genetics in coelicac disease. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 19.3:323-339.\n[NCBI] National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2008 July 3. NCBI Celiac Disease. Accessed 2011 April 21.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://ecohealthwellness.com/weight-loss-blog/", "date": "2013-05-23T15:17:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703489876/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112449-00093-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9206931591033936, "token_count": 1286, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__80909307", "lang": "en", "text": "Stinging nettle is an herb that is named for the fine hairs that line its leaves and stems. These hairs contain skin irritants that can cause painful stinging, tingling, or itching when touched. However, when taken internally in medicinal form, they stimulate an anti-inflammatory response in the body that may also hinder the way the body transmits pain signals. Research is showing that Stinging nettle is especially helpful to reduce the symptoms of hay fever. This wonderful herb inhibits the release of histamine and pro-inflammatory chemicals such as prostaglandin. This means it reduces the sneezing and itching commonly associated with seasonal allergies and hay fever. Stinging nettle can be taken daily as a tea by brewing the leaves in hot water, as a tincture, or in capsules.\nRoizman, Tracey. Stinging Nettles Herbal Medicine. http://www.livestrong.com/article/367493-stinging-nettles-herbal-medicine/\nRoschek, B Jr. et al. 2009. Nettle extract (Urtica dioica) affects key receptors and enzymes associated with allergic rhinitis.Phytotherapy Research 23 (7): 920-6.\nìStinging Nettlesî University of Maryland Medical Center. http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/stinging-nettle-000275.htm#ixzz2R9FSacr7\nLooking to supplement your dietary intake of quercetin? Consider adding this supplement as part of your daily routine. Quercetin has been called king of the flavonoids because of its marked antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Those cultures, which consume more quercetin have lower rates of heart disease, according to the Zupthen Elderly Study. Quercetin is also known for its ability to stabilize mast cells and help control allergies. It also has applications in the management of gut inflammation, and it is now being researched for its neuroprotective properties and its ability to reduce inflammation in prostatitis. Containing both Vitamin C and Quercetin, take take 1 gram Quercetin Ascorbate (approx. 1/4 teaspoon) or more as needed per day with meals, or as directed by your health care practitioner.\nClick HERE to order!\nQuercetin is a particular kind of flavonoid compound in fruits and vegetables that gives them their beautiful colors. It is an antioxidant that, like other antioxidants, helps repair the damage done to cells by free radicals. One of its most unique qualities is its ability to stabilize and regulate cells that release histamine, making it a potent antihistamine and anti-inflammatory agent that significantly reduces the symptoms of allergies and hay fever. Quercetin supplementation can reduce symptoms such as runny nose, watery eyes, hives, and swelling. One of the best ways to increase Quercetin in your diet is to consume more apples, citrus fruits, onions, parsley, red wine, sage, and tea. Other sources of Quercetin are grapes, dark cherries, and dark berries — such as blueberries, blackberries, and bilberries — and olive oil. For additional supplementation, Quercetin can be taken as a pill or capsule. It is important to consult a Naturopathic Doctor before supplementing with Quercetin. Large doses have been linked to kidney damage. It has also been shown to interfere with some pharmaceutical medications.\nQuercetin University of Maryland Medical Center. http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/quercetin-000322.htm#ixzz2R9Atb7en\nPizzorno, Joseph E., and Michael T. Murray. 1999.Textbook of natural medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.\nLiving Oak Massage Studio is nestled amid the Live Oaks of James Island, South Carolina. In this airy and spacious studio, you will feel as if you are among the tree limbs. Emily’s Personal Therapeutic Massage practice is specifically designed around you, your physical and mental well-being. Each session begins with a consultation about your expectations for that treatment and ends with an evaluation of your experience together. This process creates a positive massage experience that is individualized for each client.\nThe Neti pot is a ceramic container shaped like a small teapot. It is used for nasal irrigation to flush the sinus passages with a saline solution as a therapy for seasonal allergies. The saline solution goes in the bowl of the pot and is then poured into a nostril. The head is tilted completely to the side, horizontal to the ground, so that gravity can pull the solution through the sinus passageways and out the alternate nostril. It is the flow of solution through the sinus that thins out mucus and cleans the tiny hairs called cilia that line nasal and sinus tissue. It can help remove airborne allergens that have become trapped in the mucus and sinus cavities. Research is showing that using a Neti pot daily can help reduce sinus symptoms. It is important to clean your Neti pot after every use with boiling water, and to allow it to completely air dry. This will help prevent rare infections due to a contaminated pot. It is also important to use distilled water to avoid contaminants in tap water. The environment in the sinus cavity is not prepared to handle water pathogens the way the acid in our stomach is.\nThe recipe below can be modified for individual preference.\nNeti Pot Recipe\n16 oz distilled water\n1 tsp. of salt into one cup of water\n1/2 tsp. baking soda (this is optional. Some people find it creates a more gentle solution.\nMix all ingredients. Start slow and pour the solution into one nostril while your head is tilted to the side. Let gravity pull the water down through your sinuses and out your alternate nostril.\nNeti Pots WebMD.com http://www.webmd.com/allergies/sinus-pain-pressure-11/neti-pots?page=2\nNeti Pots Mayo Clinic Online", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://concord420doordash.com/products/blue-cream", "date": "2021-09-18T20:13:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780056572.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20210918184640-20210918214640-00000.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9527775049209595, "token_count": 161, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__92794036", "lang": "en", "text": "This comes under the indica-sativa combination range of medical marijuana strains and is a sativa-dominant hybrid. The parents of this strain are 'Blueberry', which is an indica strain and 'AK-47', which is a sativa. The buds of this plant are covered with enormous amounts of white and sparkling trichomes. The flowers of this plant will be bright and luminous. Overall, the plant appears light green colored with the autumn-colored pistils. The flavor produced by this particular plant is not so pungent or sweet. However, it could give an obvious berry flavor with earthy, flower and vegetation undertones. The Blueberry in the genetics of this strain is providing a fine body buzz that could help the users with pain and other ailments.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.agreenerview.com.au/shop/gardening-products/troforte-fertilisers/troforte-general-purpose", "date": "2022-08-18T14:04:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00067.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8916782140731812, "token_count": 113, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__158737765", "lang": "en", "text": "Troforte M Garden All Purpose is a granular microbial controlled release fertiliser specifically designed for new or existing gardens. It will improve the quality of the soil through natural and organic processes by introducing beneficial microbes to the soil making nutrients more effectively available to plants thereby improving soil health and the health of the plant at the same time.\nLow in phosphorus its great for Australian Natives and is 100% Environmentally Friendly.\n6 month slow release.\nN=14% - P=2% - K=4% + TE + Microbes + Minerals", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://exerciseonthemind.com/category/uncategorized/", "date": "2023-05-31T23:01:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224647459.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20230531214247-20230601004247-00526.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9398574829101562, "token_count": 667, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__112750482", "lang": "en", "text": "Rather than escape the blistering heat of summer, there may be good reason to embrace it. For the first time, research has shown that heat acclimation can lead to performance gains similar to that achieved through hypoxic (low-oxygen) training.\nThe benefits of training at altitude have long been heralded by endurance athletes. Essentially a natural form of doping, the rise in erythropoietin (EPO) is swift in most individuals – helping to boost red blood cells and oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood within 24-48hrs of arriving at altitude.\nIn the real world, most athletes aren’t fortunate enough to live at or near altitude and don’t want to drop the money to snooze in an altitude tent. Luckily, sweltering summer heat is readily accessible.\nUK researchers asked male cyclists to complete a self-paced hypoxic time trial before and after a series of 10 daily 60-minute training sessions in either hot (40oC), hypoxic, or control conditions. In the hypoxic condition, the percent oxygen approximated a target altitude of about 10,000ft.\nFindings, published in Frontiers in Physiology, showed that hypoxic time trial performance and power output were comparably improved for the cyclists who trained in both the low-oxygen and hot environments. Those who trained in the control conditions saw no gains. Similarly, blood results indicated that the 10-day training protocol in both the hot and hypoxic conditions improved cellular tolerance to exercise. Heat shock protein (Hsp) 72 was of particular interest, as it has been linked to delayed tissue injury and cellular resilience to environmental stressors (such as… hypoxia).\nMoreover, the authors note, “Heat acclimation induced a greater adaptive stimulus at lower levels of metabolic strain, and in a shorter time frame compared to hypoxic acclimation.” These conclusions were based on the finding that the heat-trained group showed a more efficient aerobic profile, with increased hemoglobin saturation, a higher oxygen pulse (more O2 uptake per heartbeat at rest), and a significantly lower exercise heart rate following acclimation. There was also a smaller increase in body temperature during exercise for the heat-trained cyclists.\nThe implications here are potentially huge for athletes, suggesting that heat-based training could offer a more proficient means of improving altitude tolerance than equivalent training at actual altitude. An important caveat here is that hypoxic conditions were normobaric. Because pressure wasn’t altered, it’s not yet known whether these findings would hold at natural (i.e., hypobaric) high-altitude environments.\nIn addition, these researchers went quite hot with their heat-trained group, subjecting them to 40oC (104oF) conditions. Hopefully, the minimum temperatures necessary to reap these physiological benefits are not quite so stifling!\nSo, if you’re preparing for a high-altitude trek, ultramarathon, adventure race, or any other aerobic event up high, you might want to simply tap into the cardiovascular and cellular benefits provided by the ever-accessible summer heat. You may be a hot sweaty mess, but you’ll be an endurance phenom!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.heritagexperiential.org/category/khoj-updates/", "date": "2022-12-04T08:13:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710968.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20221204072040-20221204102040-00507.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9593641757965088, "token_count": 1116, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__235772379", "lang": "en", "text": "KHOJ UPDATES -2.12.22 | 4H & 4E\nThe students of 4H and 4E are enthusiastic about continuing their learning journey on\ntheir third field visit to Sultanpur. They set off for Sultanpur National park at 7:00 am and\nreached there around 8.00 am. On arrival, they relished the sumptuous breakfast\nspread and bournvita milk. Then, they are given some solo time to settle in and enjoy\nthe serenity and tranquility of nature. The third visit began with a recap of the previous\nexperiences, which serves as a springboard for new learning.\nStudents got into groups with experts to review their first visit, followed by a game on\nMigratory birds. Students enjoyed the game thoroughly and learnt the importance of\nmigration and the challenges faced by migratory birds.\nDuring this visit, students will delve deeper into the Wetland Ecosystem and gather\ninformation on various components of this ecosystem. They will be observing various\nspecies found in the Wetland Ecosystem. In addition, students explored different biotic\ncomponents of the wetlands and how they help each other survive through food chains\nWith the help of the experts, students will conduct soil activity to understand this\necosystem’s biotic and abiotic components. This activity will help students to understand\nthe importance of soil and why it is an abundant feature of wetlands.The student will be\ngiven a beverage break around 11:30 am.\nThey will spend time with experts to review their field notes and share their wonder\nquestions and observations. This session helps students to clear any doubts or\nmisconceptions they have from their previous knowledge.\nLunch will be served at 1 pm. After enjoying lunch, students will relax and enjoy free\ntime. They will play a Bird bingo game to learn about different wetland birds. Afterwards,\nthe experts will hold a session on bird migration in the interpretation centre. To conclude\nthe day’s learning experience, experts will conduct circle time to consolidate their\nlearning and understanding.\nThey will be served evening snacks by 4:15 pm. Students leave for their journey back\naround 4:45 pm.\nKHOJ UPDATES -1.12.22 |4D & 4I\nGrade 4 D and 4 I students took an hour-long journey and reached Sultanpur around 7:50 am . After some solo time and breakfast, they went over their learnings and wonder questions from the last visit, which was centered on the forest ecosystem.\nThe students began their learning of the wetland ecosystem with a game based on migratory birds. Afterward, they proceeded to the wetland ecosystem to observe the biotic and abiotic elements, such as birds, plants, and other animals, including insects, reptiles, and mammals. In the wetland ecosystem, they will also observe food chains and food webs. This will be followed by an exercise in which they will examine the biotic and abiotic components of the soil in the wetland. After a brief review of the wetland ecosystem, they will have lunch.\nThereafter, the class will discuss migratory birds and play a game involving bird spotting. A reflective discussion will bring their eventful day to a close in which they will also attempt to find the answers to some intriguing questions. They will then have snacks and depart around 4:45 pm.\nKHOJ UPDATES: 30.11.22 | 4A, 4B and 4F\nDespite the onset of winters our young naturalists of 4A, 4B and 4F were full of excitement and thrill for their 3rd Khoj visit to Sultanpur.\nAll the buses departed from school by 6:55 am and reached Sultanpur National Park by 7:55 am. After reaching the park, students relished a breakfast of stuffed parathas, veg sandwich, egg bhurji, bread jam and bournvita milk. They enjoyed solo time and then reviewed their second Khoj visit with facilitators. After this they played a game that focused on the threats/dangers that migratory birds are facing on their route as they travel from one place to another.\nStudents observed and studied the Wetland Ecosystem. They build their understanding of its biotic (producers- submerged,emerged, floating plants and trees, consumers-birds and animals, decomposers) and abiotic components. Students also studied the soil of the wetland to learn about its biotic and abiotic components and the importance of this composition. They then discussed how this soil composition is different from the Forest Ecosystem.\nThey were provided with a beverage break around 11:45 pm.This will be followed up by reviewing the information gathered on Wetland Ecosystem.\nStudents will be served lunch around 1:00 pm and post lunch they will have some free time with their friends. After lunch, students will learn about migration through a session with experts and visit the Interpretation Centre. Post this, a bird bingo game has been planned in which students will spot and identify different birds of the Wetland Ecosystem. Thereafter, a circle time is planned for students to share their learnings and high points of the day.\nThey will be served evening snacks by 4:15 pm and are expected to leave for their journey back around 4:45 pm.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.wmphysicaltherapy.com/post/osteoarthritis-can-exercise-help", "date": "2023-05-29T12:14:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644855.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529105815-20230529135815-00252.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9503353834152222, "token_count": 612, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__163035177", "lang": "en", "text": "Matt Kurz PT, DPT\nOsteoarthritis: Can Exercise Help?\nWhat is Osteoarthritis?\nOsteoarthritis (OA) is a type of degenerative joint disease classified by swelling and inflammation of a joint that results from progressive loss of cartilage. Osteoarthritis affects more than 30 million people in the U.S. alone (women more than men) and is the most common articular disorder of the developed world. OA is also a leading cause of chronic disability.\nLifestyle factors are the leading cause of degenerative changes. Prolonged periods of sitting, general inactivity/weakness and a lack of variety in our movements can create bio-mechanical imbalances around a joint which may cause accelerated wear. Combine this with the common western diet, which may lead to greater systemic inflammation, and the increase in OA begins to make sense. Finally, genetics have also been linked to degenerative changes and those with a family history of degenerative changes have been shown to have a greater chance of developing OA.\nWhile OA is so prevalent, it is unfortunately not always addressed. A recent study showed that as many as 55% of individuals with hip OA did not seek care. When degenerative changes begin to appear, it is best to address the issue early.\nHow exercise can help!\n1. Strengthening: Muscular strength can help manage the forces on and around the joint. Muscles are responsible for movement, but they are also responsible for stability. Promoting strength within surrounding musculature helps reduce the need for stability to come from the joint surface itself.\n2. Stretching and soft tissue work: Addressing tight tissues can help balance the forces and improve the biomechanics of a joint. Tightness in musculature surrounding a joint can increase compressive forces as well as cause an unequal distribution of forces on the joint which may accelerate wear.\n3. Synovial Fluid: Exercise and general movement promote the circulation of synovial fluid. Synovial fluid is like oil in a motor: it functions as a lubricant that decreases the friction between the articular surfaces. This is why many with OA report movement actually decreases pain.\n4. Blood flow: Exercise improves blood flow not only to the muscles surrounding the joint, but also to the joint itself. Blood is delivered to the synovial membrane and facilitates healing and maintenance of synovial health.\n5. Genes: Skeletal loading that occurs during resistive exercise has been shown to turn on genes responsible for increasing bone density and repairing joint cartilage. It is important to work with a physical therapist to facilitate a gradual increase in loading, as initially tolerance to these type of activities may be low.\nIf you are suffering from OA, contact us at (603) 273-1570 to see if physical therapy is right for you!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.sudccoalition.com/news-1", "date": "2022-01-16T22:58:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300244.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220116210734-20220117000734-00437.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9316056370735168, "token_count": 270, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__29841340", "lang": "en", "text": "Any research that could potentially touch the SUDC community is of the utmost importance. Our losses don't exist in a vacuum. There is quality research being conducted in areas that may assist SUDC targeted research in the future. At the SUDC Coalition we feel it is important to share these findings when they become available.\nBREATHING INHIBITED WHEN SEIZURES SPREAD TO THE AMYGDALA AND UPON AMYGDALA STIMULATION.\nSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the most common cause of death in patients with chronic refractory epilepsy. Impaired breathing during and after seizures is common and suspected to play a role in SUDEP. Understanding the cause of this peri-ictal hypoventilation may lead to preventative strategies. In epilepsy patients, we found that seizure invasion of the amygdala co-occurred with apnea and oxygen desaturation, and electrical stimulation of the amygdala reproduced these respiratory findings. Strikingly, the subjects were unaware of the apnea. These findings indicate a functional connection between the amygdala and brainstem respiratory network in humans and suggest that amygdala seizures may cause loss of spontaneous breathing of which patients are unaware-a combination that could be deadly.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://palestinetx.visitwidget.com/places/gus-engeling-wildlife-management-area", "date": "2021-06-19T03:33:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487643380.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20210619020602-20210619050602-00455.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9113956689834595, "token_count": 243, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__197862555", "lang": "en", "text": "Gus Engeling WMA (GEWMA) is located in northwest Anderson County, 21 miles northwest of Palestine. This 10,958-acre area was purchased from 1950 to 1960 under the Pittman-Robertson Act using Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Program funds. The GEWMA's primary purpose is to function as a wildlife research and demonstration area for the Post Oak Savannah Ecoregion. The area is comprised of 2,000 acres of hardwood bottomland floodplain and almost 500 acres of natural watercourses, 350 acres of wetlands: marshes and swamps and nearly 300 acres of sphagnum moss bogs.\nThe GEWMA is an island of Post Oak Savannah surrounded by coastal bermuda grass pastures, harvested timberlands, and fragmented wildlife habitat. It's rolling sandy hills dominated by post oak uplands, bottomland hardwood forests, natural springs, pitcher plant bogs, sloughs, marshes, and relict pine communities contain a rich variety of wildlife. Sound wildlife management tools like prescribed burning, grazing, brush control and hunting are used to demonstrate the results of proven practices to resource managers, landowners, and other interested groups or individuals.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.febs-2013.org/tag/ligandrol/", "date": "2021-08-02T02:47:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154302.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20210802012641-20210802042641-00245.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.946539580821991, "token_count": 494, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__161101984", "lang": "en", "text": "Ligandrol or LGD-4033 is also known as Anobolicum, is a new treatment for repairing worn-out muscles as a result of muscular diseases. It works by increasing muscle mass. The drug belongs to the family of SARMs or Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators. In this post, you will learn the effects of Ligandrol on bone health, muscle density, and cardiovascular health.\nYou should note that muscle wasting conditions can decrease muscle density and affect the cardio system. As you know, the bones and heart play a great role in osteoporosis and cardiac diseases. Ligandrol binds with androgen receptors that are found in your body. The use of LGD-4033 helps increase lean muscle mass. Remember that aging affects the integrity of the muscles as it makes them lean and weak. These are some of the uses of Ligandrol.\nUses of Ligandrol\nAging being a natural process can cause a drop in muscle mass and muscle density. That explains why Ligandrol is widely used in the management of muscular diseases. There is ongoing research on using Ligandrol for treating muscle loss because of cancer.\nThe cardiac cycle is quite a complex cycle of the human body. You should note that the heart is a muscular organ that has a musculoskeletal structure. Therefore, it is quite important for people who may be suffering from weight loss and muscle wasting conditions. The use of Ligandrol has been found to achieve improvement in cardiac readings as it causes a drop in cholesterol.\nAs you know, bone health is a framework with which muscles are built. When there is an issue with bones as the case with osteoporosis, muscles become weak, and they cannot build around bones. Studies show that Ligandrol helps improve bone health. That is because it increases the intake of minerals and results in increased bone density and strength. You should note that osteoporosis is a condition that results in reduced bone minerals.\nThe good thing about Ligandrol is that it provides a selective action. Using this drug will increase your muscle mass and boost your metabolism. Its use does not affect various organs such as the liver or kidney. Also, blood pressure will be normal. Although using Ligandrol is quite safe, it is a good idea to consult your doctor if you have underlying medical conditions.…", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://uatronica.com/en/novyny-elektronnyh-komponentiv/implantovanii-pristrii-znimaye-bil-za-potrebi/", "date": "2024-02-23T17:45:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474440.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223153350-20240223183350-00086.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9362306594848633, "token_count": 777, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__147462143", "lang": "en", "text": "Northwestern University has developed a small, flexible, implantable device that relieves pain on demand without the use of drugs. It works by providing targeted cooling to block pain signals to the brain. Dimensions are only 5 mm at the widest point the biocompatible device dissolves after it is no longer needed, similar to absorbable sutures.\nThe researchers said the \"first-of-its-kind device could provide a much-needed alternative to opioids and other highly addictive drugs.\"\n< p id=\"caption-attachment-232043\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The implantable device consists of two separate microfluidic channels: one for liquid coolant and the other for gas. When mixing in the chamber, the liquid evaporates at a certain point on the nerve to ensure precise cooling. (Source: Northwestern University)\nAccording to the researchers, the water-soluble device \"gently\" wraps around the nerves to provide precise cooling that numbs the nerves and blocks pain signals to the brain. The cooling effect is caused by two tiny microfluidic channels in the device. One channel contains a liquid coolant (perfluoropentane), and the other channel contains dry nitrogen. When a liquid and a gas combine in a chamber, the reaction causes the liquid to vaporize.\nAccording to the researchers, the liquid coolant is clinically approved as an ultrasound contrast agent and for pressurized inhalers.\n<p>\"We're specifically targeting the peripheral nerves that connect your brain and spinal cord to the rest of your body,\" study co-author Dr. Matthew McEwan of Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis said in a statement. “These are the nerves that transmit sensory stimuli, including pain. By providing a cooling effect to only one or two target nerves, we can effectively modulate pain signals in one specific part of the body.”\nThe device also contains a built-in sensor that \"monitors the temperature of the nerve.\" to make sure it doesn't get too cold, which could cause tissue damage,\" the researchers said.\n\"Excessive cooling can damage the nerve and the fragile tissues around it,\" Northwestern's John A. Rogers, who led the device's development, said in a statement. \"Therefore, it is necessary to precisely control the duration and temperature of cooling. By monitoring the temperature on the nerve, the flow rate can be adjusted automatically to establish a point that blocks pain in a reversible and safe way.\"\nRogers is the Louis Simpson and Kimberly Querrey Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Neurological Surgery at Northwestern University's McCormick School of Engineering and Feinberg School of Medicine. He is also the founding director of the Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics.\nAn external pump is used by the patient to remotely activate the device, as well as to increase or decrease the intensity. When the device is no longer needed, it is naturally absorbed into the body within days or weeks.\nThe researchers said that “the device will be most valuable for patients undergoing routine surgeries or even amputations that typically require post-operative medication. Surgeons could implant the device during the procedure to ease the patient's post-operative pain.\"\nThe study was published in the July 1 issue of the journal Science. It describes the design and efficacy in an animal model. The research was supported by the Phil and Penny Knight Campus to Accelerate Scientific Impact, the Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, and the National Science Foundation.\nThis is the third example of bioresorbable electronic devices from Rogers' lab. The concept of transient electronics was introduced in 2012, followed by a demonstration of a bioresorbable electronic device in 2018 and a transient pacemaker in 2021.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.fightingforyou.com/resource-center/articles/which-injuries-can-cause-cerebral-palsy/", "date": "2023-11-30T23:50:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100258.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130225634-20231201015634-00252.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.967639148235321, "token_count": 879, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__136729976", "lang": "en", "text": "Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common disorder for infants in the United States. It is estimated to affect around 500,000 people. It is an intricate disorder that has a myriad of symptoms and causes. In some cases, cerebral palsy can occur due to injuries at birth. Therefore, it is important that parents are not only aware of their child’s specific risk factors, but also the general symptoms and causes.\nWhat is Cerebral Palsy?\nCerebral palsy is a disorder that impacts a person’s brain and affects motor skills. It is a direct injury or dysfunction of the cerebral region of the brain, which leads to a particular area of the brain becoming paralyzed – hence, the palsy. Brain damage that leads to cerebral palsy will typically occur before, during, or after the child’s birth. It is often a lifetime disability that the child (and parents) must endure.\nCongenital Cerebral Palsy\nThis refers to brain damage that happens before or during a child’s birth. The majority of cerebral palsy sufferers in the United States – or about 85 to 90 percent, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – occurs in congenital form. Often the cause is unknown, but the CDC has identified several risk factors that may increase the likelihood that a child will develop congenital CP. These risk factors include:\n- Low birthweight. Children who weigh under five and a half pounds at birth, especially those weighing less than three pounds and five ounces, have an increased risk for developing CP.\n- Premature birth. Children who are born prematurely (which is any time prior to the 37th week of gestation) – and especially those born prior to the 32nd week – have a greater chance of being born with CP. The intensive care that a premature infant receives can reduce the risk for CP, but it is not infallible.\n- Multiple births. While the CDC cannot explain it, children of multiple births (e.g., twins) are more likely to have CP than singleton births. This may be due to the fact that multiple births are at an increased risk for premature delivery and low birth weights, anyway.\n- Assisted reproductive infertility treatments. Women who have pregnancies resulting from the use of infertility treatments may have children who are at higher risk for CP. This is because women with infertility pregnancies are often at-risk for premature delivery or multiple births.\n- Infections during the pregnancy. Infections can lead to proteins known as cytokines, which circulate in the brain and blood of the developing fetus. Cytokines can lead to inflammation, which may lead to brain damage in the infant. Fever in a mother during pregnancy can also lead to this condition. Some infections, such as rubella or chickenpox during pregnancy, may also lead to CP in infants.\n- Jaundice. Jaundice is a condition that leads to yellow coloration in the infant’s skin; it is not diagnosed until birth, or a few days afterward. Jaundice occurs when a chemical – known as bilirubin – builds up in the baby’s blood. When too much bilirubin is present, the baby may develop kernicterus, which can lead to CP, as well as other chronic, lifelong conditions.\n- Complications during delivery. During delivery, a fetus may suffer from a disruption in oxygen – such as a uterine rupture, umbilical cord tangle, or placental detachment. All of these conditions can increase an infant’s risk of CP.\nWas Your Child Injured During Birth?\nIf your child was injured during birth or during your pregnancy, due to a physician’s negligence, you may be entitled to compensation. Birth injuries are serious; physicians who oversee a child’s development, as well as delivery, are required to provide a higher standard of care. More specifically, they are required to ensure that a child is born as healthy as possible. If your child was diagnosed with CP, due to improper prenatal care or delivery errors, contact Schwartzapfel® Lawyers, P.C. for a free consultation at 1-516-342-2200 or fill out our online contact form with your questions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://franklinis.com/exercising-for-bone-health/", "date": "2023-09-22T07:27:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506339.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922070214-20230922100214-00615.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9234932661056519, "token_count": 1222, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__220968197", "lang": "en", "text": "Exercising for bone health\nWHY IS EXERCISE IMPORTANT FOR BONE HEALTH?\nExercising is the stimulus that makes bones stronger. Your muscles grow and strengthen in response to exercise; bone behaves similarly. Stressing bone through activity and exercise encourages it to increase its calcium content and grow more dense. Bone health follows the adage, “Use it or lose it.” Inactivity leads to decreased bone mass. Exercise can help you maintain bone mass and reduce age-related bone loss. Exercise decreases the risk of osteoporosis. It also improves muscle strength, balance and coordination, which help to prevent falls and bone fractures.\nWHO SHOULD EXERCISE?\nIt is important for people of all ages to exercise. During childhood and adolescence, the bone is rapidly building density and strength. Exercise helps to maximize one’s peak bone mass and may therefore prevent poor bone health in later years. Exercise has its greatest effects in adults who have been inactive. Since bone naturally becomes weaker with age, it is vital that men and women of all ages exercise.\nWHAT EXERCISES ARE BEST FOR GOOD BONE HEALTH?\nAny exercise is good because all exercise causes muscles to contract against bones, which stimulates bones to strengthen. A combination of weight-bearing and resistance exercises is the ideal regimen. Weight-bearing exercises are those that place weight on the bones, such as walking and jogging. These exercises are the best for bone, because both muscles and gravity stress the bones. Other examples of weight-bearing exercises include aerobics, hiking, stairs, dancing and even household chores and yard work. The higher the impact, the greater the benefit to bone. You may want to try holding light weights or water bottles while walking in order to increase the weight on your bones. Resistance exercises also strengthen bones. Examples include free weights, weight machines or elastic tubing. You should focus on the major muscle groups in the legs, arms and trunk. Any form of exercise is better than no exercise. Swimming and bicycling are not weight-bearing exercises, but they still exercise your muscles. Even yoga and Pilates, when done at a vigorous level, can improve bone health. The best activity for you is one that you will enjoy doing and will do regularly.\nHOW MUCH EXERCISE IS NEEDED FOR GOOD BONE HEALTH?\nMost doctors recommend weight-bearing exercise for at least 30 minutes a day, 3 or 4 times a week. It’s all right to split your exercise up throughout the day; it doesn’t need to be done all at once to benefit the bones. Resistance exercises should be done 2 or 3 times a week. Your muscles and bones need at least one day to rest between workouts in order to restore themselves.\nIS TOO MUCH EXERCISE HARMFUL?\nYes! Extreme exercise regimens, sometimes seen in young competitive athletes, may lead to decreased bone density and stress fractures. Too much exercise wears down bones and does not allow time for the bones to rest and rebuild. Discuss your exercise schedule with your doctor to make sure you are not over-exercising.\nWHAT ELSE IS NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN GOOD BONE HEALTH?\nA proper diet is important to maintain bone strength. Specifically, bones need a supply of calcium in order to grow stronger. Children, adolescents and young adults should have 1,200 to 1,500 milligrams of calcium daily. Adults need 1,000 to 1,500 milligrams each day. Sources of calcium include dairy products, green, leafy vegetables, tofu, shellfish and almonds. Some foods like orange juice, bread and cereal are fortified with calcium. Many people do not meet the recommended daily dose of calcium from their diet alone. In that case, calcium supplements can help one to achieve the recommended amount of calcium.\nTIPS FOR BEGINNING AN EXERCISE PROGRAM\n• Consult your doctor or orthopaedist to ensure that there are no medical or musculoskeletal problems that may place restrictions on your exercise program.\n• Select an activity that you like and that works with your lifestyle. Try to vary your exercise routine in order to keep it interesting.\nFor cardiovascular or aerobic activities (Such as walking, jogging or swimming)\n• Begin at a low level and gradually build your intensity and duration.\n• Warm up for 5 minutes before any activity, start slowly for the first 5 minutes of the activity, and finish with a 5 minute cool down (walking and stretching)\n• Gradually increase your workout duration from 5 minutes to 30 minutes.\n• Slowly increase your intensity so that your heart rate increase to 60% to 80% of your maximum heart rate (maximum heart rate equals 200 minus your age).\nFor resistance exercises (free weights, weight machines)\n• Begin each exercise with very low weights and minimal repetitions.\n• Slowly increase weight, no more than 10% per week.\n• Gradually increase the number of repetitions to several sets of 10 to 12 repetitions, with a rest period of 30 to 60 seconds between sets.\n• It is normal to feel mild soreness or stiffness after exercising. If you have pain or feel tired throughout the day after exercising, you did too much. You should decrease the intensity and/or the duration of your exercise.\n• If you experience severe pain, swollen joints or limping, contact your doctor.\nDrs. Jeff & Greg Cook\nFranklin Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine\nFOR YOUR BONE & JOINT HEALTH\nThis Sports Tip was obtained from the American Orthopaedic Society For Sports Medicine (www.sportsmed.org) and the National Athletic Trainers Association (www.nata.org) to promote the health and safety of athletes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://shopcbdoiltexas.com/?p=224", "date": "2021-05-14T06:18:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991648.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20210514060536-20210514090536-00126.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9274222254753113, "token_count": 535, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__45478831", "lang": "en", "text": "Sleep is invaluable, and we require it more than we may think. Living in a chronic sleep-deprived state affects overall health and cognitive function, and can cause fatigue, weakened immunity, decreased libido, weight gain and carry an increased risk for chronic illnesses such as heart disease and diabetes.\nSigns of sleep deprivation include moodiness, irritability, depression, difficulty learning, forgetfulness and lack of concentration. While several people disregard their sleep nutrition needs, others obsess over how to get sufficient of it.\nA commonly used remedy to insomnia is everyday cold, flu and antihistamine medicines such as Benadryl or Nyquil. But, the sedating antihistamines present in these medicines that swiftly cause drowsiness to set in are not meant to induce sleep.\n“[Over-the-counter] cold medications typically contain several medications, including a pain reliever, a cough suppressant and an antihistamine,” Susheel Patil, clinical director at Johns Hopkins Sleep Medicine Center, told the Huffington Post.\n“These medications have an elimination half-life of 10 to 12 hours, which means they are often circulating in your blood after you are waking up,” Patil added.\nThis can command headaches, grogginess and possibly heart palpitations. But, a sleepy Instance may be found in cannabidiol (CBD). If taken a half-hour before bed, it could do the trick.\n“Cannabidiol (CBD) is commonly used to address anxiety, and for patients who suffer through the misery of insomnia, studies suggest that Cannabidiol (CBD) may help with both falling asleep and staying sleeping,” Peter Grinspoon, prof. at Harvard Medical School, post in a blog article.\nCannabidiol (CBD) has a calming effect on the central nervous system, reducing anxiety by regulating the production of the stress hormone cortisol. Cannabidiol (CBD) also serves as a pain reliever and muscle relaxant, helping patients with movement disorders such as Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease to find better sleep. There is even some evidence that Cannabidiol (CBD) helps to eliminate nightmares in those suffering from REM sleep behavior disorder.\nEach body is unique, so it is important to experiment with Cannabidiol (CBD) dosages and the time of day it is taken. Sublingual sprays and tinctures can allow effects fast, while oils and edibles have a slower release, leading to a longer duration of sleep.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://aids-symptoms1.blogspot.com/2014/07/anabolic-steroids-and-immune-system.html", "date": "2018-12-10T14:03:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376823339.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20181210123246-20181210144746-00554.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9586490392684937, "token_count": 716, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__173135607", "lang": "en", "text": "Anabolic steroids were initially developed to treat a condition known as hypothyroidism wherein the production of testosterone hormone in the testes (testicles) is reduced. Further when some animal tests revealed that testosterone could build muscle mass, the abuse of anabolic steroids began. The anabolic steroids are commonly abused by body builders, weight lifters and also by other athletes involved in different kinds of sports. The steroids are commonly sold without prescription at gyms, sports events and even through mail. The anabolic steroids are generally used as oral products while some are used as injections. In both the forms, steroid abusers tend to take 10 to 100 times higher dosages of these steroids than the normally prescribed doses.\nThe terms \"stacking\", \"cycling\" and \"pyramiding\" are commonly used by the steroid abusers and these terms signify the dosage pattern of consumption of anabolic steroids. Cycling refers to the periodic use of high doses of steroids while stacking refers to mixing two or more type of steroids for a single dose. Pyramiding refers to the consumption pattern of steroids wherein they are taken initially at low doses and gradually increased over a period of few days or weeks. Steroid abusers follow different patterns for different purposes and may mix these patterns of steroid consumption to suit their specific purpose. Anabolic steroid abuse is noted in individuals of different ages. In a survey in the United States it was reported that steroid abuse was highest in the 12th grade among school children wherein almost 3.5% of the 12th graders were abusing anabolic steroids. However, the trend of steroid abuse among school children was on the decline. Among athletes it has been estimated that about one to six percent may be involved in the abuse of anabolic steroids.\nThe abuse of anabolic steroids is associated with a wide number of adverse effects on the body and ranges from simple acne to severe life-threatening events. While many of these effects are reversible some of the effects may be permanent. The severity of the adverse effects is based on the dosages of steroids consumed and duration of the steroid abuse. Higher dosages and longer durations are more commonly associated with severe adverse effects. In case of men, anabolic steroid abuse is associated commonly with decreased sperm production, decrease in the size and function of the testicles, occurrence of baldness, increased development of the breast (gynecomastia), and infertility. Women commonly develop male features such as change in voice (becomes deeper), decrease in the body fat and breast size, excessive hair growth on the body, and male pattern baldness (increased hair loss in the scalp region). Many of these changes may become irreversible on prolonged abuse of anabolic steroids. In both men and women the skin changes that can be noted include oily skin and acne. Increased consumption of anabolic steroids in children results in early maturation and stunted growth.\nIncreased anabolic steroid abuse can often result in liver failure due to formation of tumors or cysts (fluid filled cavities) in the liver. These can often rupture leading to a significant amount of bleeding. Regular use of anabolic steroids tends to suppress the body’s immune system indirectly and thereby increases the risk of certain common conditions such as cold and flu. Athletes and sportsmen/women who use injectable forms of anabolic steroids often tend to reuse the syringes or share them. Also the syringes available with the steroid doses may not be sterile. These factors increase the risk of developing several infections such as AIDS, hepatitis and other similar infections.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.footdoctor.com/services-1", "date": "2024-02-25T19:09:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474641.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225171204-20240225201204-00374.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9158837795257568, "token_count": 419, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__44421230", "lang": "en", "text": "WHAT IS A BUNION?\nA bunion is a foot deformity that usually affects the joint of your big toe. Less often, bunions can develop in the joint of your baby toe.\nThe distended joint at the base of your big toe is a bunion’s most recognizable characteristic. As the joint moves farther out of alignment, it grows larger and protrudes from the side of your foot. Because of this misalignment, your big toe turns and pushes against your second toe, sometimes completely overlapping it.\nWhile anyone can develop a bunion, this condition is more common in women than men.\nWHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF A BUNION?\nDepending on the extent of your bunion, corns and calluses might develop between your toes if overlapping occurs. As the joint at the base of your big toe enlarges, you might experience\nsymptoms in the area such as:\nLess mobility in the toe\nHOW ARE BUNIONS DIAGNOSED AND TREATED?\nDr. Galoyan can usually diagnose bunions during a physical examination of your feet. To rule out other painful foot conditions like gout and arthritis, he might recommend digital X-rays to evaluate the bones of your feet further.\nNot all bunions require treatment. If you’re suffering from chronic pain, having problems finding shoes that fit comfortably or have reduced mobility, he might recommend a variety of treatments to alleviate your symptoms.\nNon-surgical bunion treatments can include:\nAnti-inflammatories and pain relievers\nShields, pads, or other bunion cushions\nSteroid injections that relieve pain and inflammation\nCustom-made orthotic insoles\nWhen bunions are severe, Dr. Galoyan might recommend a bunionectomy. This procedure is performed under local anesthetic to surgically correct the alignment of your foot by removing the bunion growth.\nCall Metropolitan Podiatry for more information, or schedule an appointment online today to learn more about bunion treatments.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.farmics.com/somrith", "date": "2023-06-06T00:01:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224652184.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20230605221713-20230606011713-00252.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.878092885017395, "token_count": 216, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__252987629", "lang": "en", "text": "top of page\nAn organic sapropel and peat-based biostimulant that increases soil organic matter and stimulates microbiological activity. SOMRITH lets you grow healthy and happy crops while gradually improving your soil quality.\nSOMRITH: A powerful organic boost for your crops\nSOMRITH is a mineral-rich biostimulant containing 50% sapropel, i.e. carbon-rich prehistoric aquatic organic matter.\nPlants treated with SOMRITH show exceptional root and shoot growth, and are more resistant to plant diseases – thanks to its formula containing humic and fulvic acid, cleated micronutrients, and amino acids derived from high-grade organic peat.\nOrganic certified by NOCA\nEnhances plant growth and quality\nImproves plant metabolism and nutrient uptake\nImproves plant immunity\nImproves soil water holding capacity\nImproves soil organic matter and soil health\nImproves soil quality thus increasing soil productivity\nbottom of page", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thewildliterati.wordpress.com/wildlife-rehabilitation/", "date": "2020-07-12T14:22:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657138718.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20200712113546-20200712143546-00347.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9395653605461121, "token_count": 1129, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__227378696", "lang": "en", "text": "No matter what my job title is, I will always be a wildlife rehabilitator at heart. So few people know what that means, so I thought I’d try to clarify the issue a bit. Want to know what the heck I spend my time on? Care about wildlife and the environment? Want to make a difference? Read on.\nWhat is Wildlife Rehabilitation?\nWildlife Rehabilitation is the act of caring for ill, injured, or orphaned wildlife with the goal of returning them to their natural habitat. To return to the wild, animals must be able to find and capture food, avoid predators, interact normally with others of their species, and show appropriate fear of people. This can be difficult to achieve, as captivity is stressful and highly unnatural to wild animals and the husbandry needs between species vary drastically.\nWildlife rehabilitators are permitted by the state and/or federal government to provide this care, and must have an understanding of many topics including animal husbandry, behavior, physiology, wildlife nutrition, natural history, and basic medical care. They generally work closely with a veterinarian to provide appropriate treatment for the wide variety of injuries and illnesses they may encounter. Because of their unique position of natural history knowledge and public service, wildlife rehabilitators are often the best resources for humanely solving wildlife conflict situations.\nWhy Help Wildlife?\nAs the human population expands, undisturbed habitat for wildlife becomes smaller and more fragmented. This means that human-wildlife conflict is unavoidable. Ninety percent of patients seen at my wildlife center are there because of a human-caused problem – whether hit by a car, shot, or attacked by a cat, the suffering of these animals stems directly from human activity.\nShort of the destruction or relocation of the entire human population, we cannot completely avoid these incidents. What we CAN do is relieve some of the suffering we cause by caring for (or humanely euthanizing) animals that would otherwise die slowly or painfully of dehydration, starvation, or medical complications.\nThere are many other reasons that wildlife rehabilitation is a beneficial pursuit. A great deal of information on the biology and care of wild animals comes directly from the rehabilitation profession, and there are still many areas that need further study. As species populations fragment and shrink, even a small number of adult animals returned to the wild can be significant to the continued stability of a population. Also, wildlife rehabilitation centers are likely to be the first warning of introduced or developing disease trends in wild populations – west nile virus and white nose syndrome are two recent examples of this.\nI found an injured/orphaned animal. What now?\nThe first step is to safely and securely contain the animal. Usually, this means a cardboard box with an old t-shirt, towel, or other absorbent material. If the animal is too large or too dangerous for you to contain safely, contact a wildlife rehabilitator or wildlife center in your area for help. Be sure to wash your hands after any contact with a wild animal.\nSecond keep the animal warm and dry in a quiet, dark place. Do not handle, play with, or otherwise expose the animal to stressful situations. Wild animals are afraid of people; they prefer to keep space between themselves and us. The fear and stress they experience from forced contact have physical effects – sometimes so severe they can lead to death. Besides all this, humans can suffer from some of the diseases wild animals carry, and handling may put you and/or your family at risk.\nDo not feed the animal or attempt to treat injuries or illnesses. Every animal has different needs, and if you are not aware of these requirements, you are likely to do more harm than good. For example, many species cannot tolerate certain medications, and feeding an emaciated animal anything at all can be deadly. Do not trust direct care instructions from the internet – most information is incorrect, and it is unwise to risk the health of a creature you are trying to save on your ability to sift through and find the truth. Even if you have access to the correct information, it takes a trained eye to determine proper care (are you confident you can identify emaciation or the signs of disease in an unfamiliar species? I’ve been in this field for twenty years, and I wouldn’t be!).\nLast, find a licensed rehabilitator in your area and arrange to put the animal in their care. The NWRA and IWRC websites (below) can be a good place to start. Also, your state Department of Natural Resources or Department of Fish and Wildlife should have current lists of licensed rehabilitators. As a last resort, you can search the internet for rehabilitators in your state; even if they are not physically near you, they should be able to direct you to someone who can help.\nHow Can I Help Wildlife?\nThere are lots of ways to help wildlife in your area. Most of them are easy! Here are eight things you can do now to make a difference:\n- Stop and help animals in need! Both birds & mammals\n- Donate to or volunteer with your local wildlife rehabilitator\n- Don’t feed wildlife – here’s why\n- Prevent window-strikes – here are some ideas\n- Keep cats indoors! Both for the cat and for the wildlife.\n- Don’t relocate wildlife – find another way to solve the problem\n- Cap your chimney and secure your garbage\n- Learn about your local wildlife, and share your knowledge!\nThanks for caring!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://niryas.com/tag/dahi/", "date": "2020-08-04T17:34:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439735881.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20200804161521-20200804191521-00228.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9490810036659241, "token_count": 641, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__12394804", "lang": "en", "text": "Ghee has been an important part of our diet and it has shown to offer various health benefits. Ghee has key nutrients such as healthy fats and vitamins A, D, E and K. These nutrients perform a wide variety of critical functions in the human body. Ghee is a rich source of High-density lipoprotein (HDL), which is commonly referred to as the good cholesterol. HDL has shown to improve cardiovascular health, as it removes LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) or the bad cholesterol from the body. Ghee has shown to boost immunity, is considered good for the mind and has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.\nGhee also works great when used externally, as it can provide relief from various types of skin problems. Since ghee is 100% natural, it’s better to use it on your skin instead of taking the risk with unknown chemical-based skin products. Ghee is especially suitable for your skin during winters. This is the time when cold conditions and lack of moisture in the atmosphere make your skin dry and flaky. You need to take extra care of your skin during winters and ghee is just the thing you need. Here’s how you can solve your skin problems with ghee.\nHydrates super dry skin: Ghee works as an effective hydrating agent for dry skin. Just take a few drops of ghee and spread it over your dry skin. The essential fatty acids present in ghee will induce hydration of skin cells and all your scaly, dry skin will disappear in no time.\nWorks as a face moisturizer: Ghee works as a natural moisturizer for your skin. You can mix it with a little water and apply it on your face. Ghee significantly reduces moisture loss, thereby preventing scaly skin during winters.\nBright and glowing skin: The vitamins and essential fatty acids found in Ghee provide natural nourishment to the skin. They prevent damage to skin from dry weather and also help in the skin repair process. With regular application of ghee, you get bright, glowing skin that would definitely attract many compliments.\nAnti-aging: The essential fatty acids and vitamins in ghee are known to have anti-ageing properties. Regular use of ghee on your skin can help keep fine lines and wrinkles at bay.\nReduces dark circles: Vitamins found in ghee help to reduce dark circles under the eyes. You need to rub small amounts of ghee under your eyes every day and continue this treatment for a couple of weeks to see the results.\nFor chapped and dark lips: With its essential fatty acids, ghee can provide quick relief from chapped lips. Vitamins found in ghee can help with the problem of dark lips.\nFor best results, you need to use 100% pure ghee such as Niryas Ghee. Loaded with Vitamin A, D, E and K, Niryas Ghee has the granular structure and rich aroma. Niryas Ghee is now available online at Amazon, so everyone can easily order it now.\n87,028 total views, 30 views today", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.crowngardenclub.org/hort-report-by-leslie-crawford/", "date": "2020-06-05T13:50:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590348500712.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20200605111910-20200605141910-00154.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.915563702583313, "token_count": 1159, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__132412979", "lang": "en", "text": "October is one of our busiest months in the garden. The weather has cooled down, making garden time pleasant again, and days are still long enough to enjoy some afternoon time outside. We need to continue on from September’s work to get our gardens cleaned up and planted.\nA thorough garden cleanout is a good way to look things over. It also helps to reduce insect problems because they won’t have plant debris to nibble on. After you clean out, turn the soil and continue to be aggressive about weeding. Add composted material or planting mix and all-purpose plant food and turn the soil again to dig in deep.\n- Water your roses with 1 inch of water twice a week unless it rains.\n- Plants in the ground need deep watering. Plants in containers need frequent watering.\n- Fertilize your tropical plants for the last time, only if they really need it.\n- Your houseplants would love a dose of fertilizer now which will hold them until early next year.\n- Watch for aphids and whitefly. As the weather cools down, these pests can become more problematic in the garden. Washing your plants down with water will help control them, or use an insecticidal soap.\n- The fungus that causes petal blight in azaleas and camellias over-winters in fallen flowers, leaves, and old mulch. To decrease the chances of blight remove all the debris under the plants and apply new mulch.\n- Geraniums: To encourage growth during the winter cut back your geraniums by half. Make straight cuts 1/4 to 1/2 inch above joints leaving several healthy leaves on all branches.\n- Look over your trees now and hire a competent tree trimmer to lace and trim heavy branches before winter storms come.\n- This is the time to plant cool season flowers, annuals and perennials, and vegetables. This is also a great time to plant trees and shrubs so they can grow a good, strong root system for the coming year’s bloom without having to go through the stress of the summer heat. It is NOT the time for subtropicals or bareroot plants. Look over native plants when you are shopping at your local nursery.\n- If you haven’t planted your early sweet peas for a Christmas bloom yet, it’s time NOW! Look for “early blooming” varieties. Spring and Summer flowering types won’t bloom until the days are more than 12 hours long. Soak your seeds overnight before planting. Also, set your climbing poles now so you don’t damage the plant roots after they have established themselves.\n- Plant bulbs now for blooms as early as February. Store your bulbs in a cool, dark area until you are ready to plant. They suffer when they are exposed to light. Freesias are always so satisfying because they are beautiful and smell so nice. Plant them in sunny areas of your garden. They are great in containers, also. Once they establish themselves in your garden, they will come up year after year. Watch for Tecolote hybrids which are so colorful and the most fragrant. The daffodil is another great bulb that is easy to grow and many varieties will naturalize in our local gardens. Groupings of daffodils are always spectacular and such a treat to have in your garden in the spring.\n- Paperwhites in water are fun and easy to make. What a beautiful treat at the holidays, and a perfect hostess gift. You can start assembling these now by putting the bulbs in bowls, surrounded with pebbles. Put away in a cool dark place WITHOUT water for the time being. Starting in November, if you want to have ongoing paperwhites in bloom, add water to a new bowl every two weeks and keep them in the dark cool place until they are pretty well established with growth. When you bring them out into the light and the warmth of the house they will come into bloom very quickly.\nFlowers From Seed – These can be planted anytime this month: African daisy, Alyssum, Bachelor button, Bells of Ireland, Calendula, California poppy, Candytuft, Canterbury bell, Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Cineraria, Clarkia, Columbine, Delphinium, Forget-me-not, Foxglove, Gerbera daisy, Hollyhock, Iceland poppy, Larkspur, Nicotiana, Pansy, Phlox, Pink, Scabiosa, Shasta daisy, Snapdragon, Stock, Sweet pea, Sweet William, Verbena, Viola, Wildflowers\nFlowers From Bedding Plants: African daisy, Alyssum, Calendula, English daisy, English primroses, Gerbera daisy, Iceland poppy, Pansy, Penstemon, Primula Snapdragon, Stock, Viola\nVegetables: Beets, Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Cabbage, Carrots, Cauliflower, Celery, Kohlrabi, Lettuce, Oriental greens, Peas, Potatoes, Radishes, Spinach, Sugar snap peas, sweet peas, Turnips\nFood for Thought: When planning your fall garden remember that the angle of the sun changes from spring-summer to fall-winter. Areas of the garden that were in full sunlight during the summer may be in partial or full shade during the fall and winter.\nOkay, that’s enough information to keep you busy for awhile. Now, go get dirty and have fun!!!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.ccoat.uct.ac.za/news-22", "date": "2019-06-24T22:24:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627999740.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20190624211359-20190624233359-00146.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9110708236694336, "token_count": 382, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__182920361", "lang": "en", "text": "In the News\nListen to Dr. Phumla Sinxadi and others talk on the cost of curing disease here.\nThe local South African government released a press statement on World Malaria Day 2016 describing the current local and international thinking on Malaria. Read the press statement here .\nUCT's H3D Partners with Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies to Advance Drug Development in Africa. Read more about the partnership here\nStrength in standardisation: developing CDISC standards for malaria. “We are now at the forefront of developing a data standard for the malaria research community. The aim of this initiative is to support the efficient, scientifically valid, generation and reporting of malaria clinical data, and to conform to regulatory requirements for registration of new antimalarial compounds,” says Lesley Workman, Coordinator of the WWARN Pharmacology Group who is leading on the CDISC project. Read more\nEvidence to inform equitable dosing in very young and malnourished children.\nOur research provides health workers and researchers with an improved definition of the day 7 lumefantrine concentration threshold, which will help them to understand if treatment failure is caused by drug resistant malaria parasites or by inadequate drug concentrations, \" Professor Karen Barnes (UCT). Visit http://www.wwarn.org/news for more information.\nCLINICAL DRUG TRIALS: Tests of progress. The Financial Mail reported on the launch of the UCT Clinical Research Centre's phase one unit in the article Professor Barnes, discusses the need for close monitoring during phase 1 studies \"It is a complex science to move safely and responsibly from animal and test tube studies to studies in people. We start with very low doses in small numbers of healthy people and watch them closely. If that goes well, we give slightly more, gradually building up until we get past the dose that we guess will be effective,\" Read the full article here", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://smb.amnews.com/article/Government-of-Canada-invests-to-protect-species-at-risk-in-the-Greater-Montrand233al-area?storyId=64833803fc7434756750b3de", "date": "2023-09-22T01:12:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506320.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922002008-20230922032008-00728.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9146490097045898, "token_count": 1306, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__310055300", "lang": "en", "text": "Government of Canada invests to protect species at risk in the Greater Montréal area\nLAVAL, QC, June 9, 2023\nLAVAL, QC, June 9, 2023 /CNW/ - The world is facing an unprecedented biodiversity crisis. Canada is no exception. Species essential to the health and well-being of Canadians and to the economy are declining. It is essential to protect them as well as their habitats. Collaboration with the provinces, territories, Indigenous peoples and other partners is the key to reversing the situation and restoring Canada's biodiversity.\nToday, to conclude Environment Week, the Honourable Steven Guilbeault, Minister of Environment and Climate Change, accompanied by Yves Robillard, Member of Parliament for Marc-Aurèle-Fortin, announced $400,000 in funding for a four-year project led by Éco-Nature in the Greater Montréal area. This project aims to protect and restore the habitats needed by a dozen species at risk, including the Snapping Turtle, Least Bittern and American Water-willow.\nThe project, which also aims to mitigate the threats affecting species and their habitats, will take place on diversified, interconnected sites close to the Parc de la Rivière-des-Mille-Îles. It also includes awareness-raising activities aimed at encouraging the adoption of practices that benefit habitats and species.\nThe Government of Canada is firmly committed to taking concrete action to protect biodiversity and contribute to the global goals set at COP15. By adopting the Kunming-Montréal Global Biodiversity Framework, our country is striving to preserve nature on a global scale, halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030, and put natural environments on the road to recovery by 2050.\nThis Canadian Environment Week is a reminder to make a collective effort to reduce plastic waste and beat plastic pollution. The Government of Canada is making significant contributions to achieve a zero plastic waste future, including taking action across the lifecycle of plastics to prevent plastic pollution and improve how plastics are managed at end-of-life. Canada will bring the world together for the 4th Session of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on Plastic Pollution, in Ottawa in April 2024.\nIt is also an important time to recognize the significant contributions of Indigenous Peoples as crucial collaborators in fighting pollution, preserving biodiversity and tackling the climate crisis as the Government of Canada celebrates Indigenous History Month.\n\"The Government of Canada is committed to halting and reversing the loss of nature by 2030, and to achieving full recovery for nature by 2050. This is why we support initiatives to protect species at risk across the country. Nature plays an essential role in our lives, and the Éco-Nature project will help protect and restore urban habitats. The benefits will be significant not only for the flora and fauna, but also for the community.\"\n– The Honourable Steven Guilbeault, Minister of Environment and Climate Change\n\"We welcome the renewal of this partnership, which once again underlines Éco-Nature's leading role in protecting local biodiversity. This new investment will enable us to forge even closer ties with the community, which is already mobilized for the cause. Our team will also be able to pursue its mission to help various species groups in the region, such as amphibians, reptiles, fish and birds.\"\n– Christine Métayer, Executive Director, Éco-Nature | Parc de la Rivière-des-Mille-Îles\n\"As the Member of Parliament for Marc-Aurèle-Fortin, I'm delighted to see this investment by the Government of Canada in the protection of species at risk in Quebec. This funding demonstrates our local commitment to preserving our precious biodiversity. The Éco-Nature project will strengthen our ties with the community, which is already mobilized for the cause. By working together, we can preserve our urban habitats and ensure the survival of the various species of amphibians, reptiles, fish and birds that are so important to our region.\"\n– Yves Robillard, Member of Parliament for Marc-Aurèle-Fortin, Quebec\n\"The Rivière-des-Mille-Îles is a jewel that we absolutely must protect. Today's announcement is another wonderful demonstration of this. It will enable us to respect, observe and visit a true oasis of biodiversity, home to two-thirds of vertebrate fauna, right next to Quebec's urban centre. This is an incredible opportunity that we must continue to cherish, both for ourselves and for future generations. Naturally, I must thank Minister Steven Guilbeault and the Government of Canada for their financial support, as well as all the passionate people at Éco-Nature for their dedication and tireless work.\"\n– Stéphane Boyer, Mayor of Laval\n\"I'm delighted with the support granted to Éco-Nature, an essential organization in the region. The natural environments of the Rivière-des-Mille-Îles generate essential ecosystem services, and by protecting these ecosystems, we will protect the quality of life of the local communities living near the river. In Rosemère, protecting the environment is part of our DNA, and we are proud to have supported Éco-Nature's mission for over 20 years.\"\n– Eric Westram, Mayor of Rosemère and Warden of the Thérèse-De Blainville RCM\n- Funding for this project comes from the Canada Nature Fund's Priority Places for Species at Risk program. This program supports multi-partner initiatives in priority places where there are opportunities to protect and recover species at risk and their habitats through multi-species and ecosystem-based conservation measures.\n- This investment is in addition to the $218,000 granted to Éco-Nature between 2019 and 2022 for the first phase of this project.\n- The Parc de la Rivière-des-Mille-Îles is the largest protected wildlife area project in the Greater Montréal area. It is home to two-thirds of Quebec's vertebrate fauna, and 86 species at risk have been observed there.\n- Parc de la Rivière-des-Mille-Îles\n- Priority places designated under the pan-Canadian approach to transforming species at risk conservation in Canada\nSOURCE Environment and Climate Change Canada", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.barefootvegan.com/barefootvegan-online/creating-a-buzz-vegan-bee-keeping", "date": "2017-08-19T16:45:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886105700.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20170819162833-20170819182833-00715.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.975498378276825, "token_count": 1226, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-34__0__103452101", "lang": "en", "text": "Hello. My name is Lynne and I am a beekeeper. Well, that is not strictly true; although I was taught to keep bees in the most impeccable and professional manner over 6 years ago, I have since chosen to become a bee landlady. I don’t keep bees, I provide accommodation and food for them. Without charge. And I don’t take any honey from them either, choosing to leave it for them as stores for the winter, as nature intended.\nI have always thought it arrogant and selfish to expect my bees to work as hard as they do to provide a sweetener for me. My sweetener, or reward, is purely to watch them work in my garden. One of my treasured late-winter routines is to wait quietly next to a patch of snowdrops to watch a honey bee reversing out of the nodding flower head with her pollen baskets full of bright orange pollen. Who would have thought that snowdrops had such vivid orange pollen? Their hanging heads kept that secret with the bees. Until now!\nIn the time that I have ‘hosted’ honey bees I have also noticed a real increase of energy throughout the garden. They have brought the space to life and created – well, it has to be said, - a real ‘buzz’.\nA lovely testimony to them came in the guise of a nervous neighbour. When I spoke to her of my intention to keep bees, she was initially very apprehensive and negative, worried that her little grandchildren would get stung or be intimidated by them. Just weeks later she enthusiastically shared stories of how the grandchildren were taking great delight in discovering which flowers the bees preferred, and fondly referring to them as ‘Lynne’s bees’. One child had even been stung, but I was assured it was a complete accident; she knelt on one and was incredibly upset - not by the sharp sting but to learn that the bee died as a result of defending itself. My neighbour was grateful for the valuable lessons being learned organically. My bee pride blossomed!\nDespite my own compassionate beliefs, and attitude toward nature and its workers, my beekeeping lessons were very conventional with a commercial edge. It was assumed that the benefit of keeping bees was the honey. I absorbed all the knowledge I could from some very talented and experienced beekeepers but once I was ‘flying solo’ I engaged my own more intuitive approach. I abandoned the weekly hive inspections as I felt the disruption was debilitating for the bees. They work hard to keep the hive at a constant 34 degrees so every time I inspected the hive I upset that balance. I was taught that inspection is necessary to look for disease and ‘problems’ within the hive and to avoid the task was irresponsible. Irresponsible for whom, I wondered. It felt far more irresponsible to keep disturbing my bees and causing them unnecessary stress.\nCommercial beekeepers also consider swarming to be the epitome of a bad beekeeper. Bees swarm when their hives become overcrowded. The commercial beekeeper will take measures to prevent over crowding and therefore prevent swarming, in turn retaining as many bees as possible to produce as much honey as possible. My bees swarm to their hearts content. It is nature’s way of creating and spreading new colonies. It is natural.\nIn my guise as a speaker, I relayed many of my bee-hosting experiences and was once accused of being a ‘bad beekeeper’. When I told the audience that I don’t take any honey from my apiary, one man sneered, “That means you have 80,000 bees as pets. I bet you have even named them all.”\n“Not at all,” I replied cheerfully, “just my favourites.”\nUnnerved that I may have been unintentionally causing my bees unnecessary suffering, I researched my own methods of bee hosting to find there are many other people hosting bees in the same way and with the same reverence. It is called ‘natural beekeeping’ or ‘extensive beekeeping’ as opposed to ‘intensive beekeeping’. I keep bees for pleasure, not profit.\nFortunately, there is increasing interest and desire to help protect our honey bees but ‘keeping’ them is not always the best method. Even natural beekeeping requires a lot more commitment and application then just having a ‘box of bees’ in your garden.\nOther ways you can help are to provide food in the form of pollen rich plants.\nChoose native varieties not hybrids and ‘fancy plants’. Provide water; bees (and butterflies) are unable to drink from deep water as the surface tension won’t hold their weight. They need shallow puddles and boggy areas from which to obtain water. Obviously these habitats are susceptible to drying out quickly, but you can make a wonderful drinking station for insects by creating a bog garden in an upturned dustbin lid or large saucers, or even adapting a birdbath. You will be amazed by the amount of visitors who will join you for a drink.\nAnd finally, read a little. Knowledge is power. I am always horrified by the amount of people who attempt to destroy swarms of honey bees during the summer months. Swarming is a natural phenomenon, and is actually a time when bees are at their most placid as they are preoccupied with finding a new home and have their tummies full of honey to sustain their search.\nHave the telephone number of your local Bee Association by the phone (or in your phone) should you need their assistance, and make sure that friends and neighbours are clued up too.\nTo paraphrase the German philosopher Novalis, “Every bee-loved object is the centre point of a paradise”.\nSupport the Barefoot Vegan Animal Sanctuary by purchasing the 2017 Art of Compassion Project calendar", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.tomstechtime.com/post/2018-10-07-dji-drones-and-farming-6-ways-dji-is-revolutionizing-farming", "date": "2023-06-05T19:53:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224652161.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20230605185809-20230605215809-00451.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9371268153190613, "token_count": 679, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__188631387", "lang": "en", "text": "Tom David Frey\nDJI Drones and Farming: 6 Ways DJI Is Revolutionizing Farming\nUpdated: Jul 7, 2020\nDuring the Neolithic revolution, humanity set aside its hunting and gathering lifestyle and turned towards agricultural life. Ever since then, farmers have led the world in adopting new technologies.\nThe result has been a more stable lifestyle with a marked reduction in global poverty.\nOne of the most recent pieces of technology adopted is the agricultural drone.\nDrones aren't exactly a new technology. But the way farmers use drones in agriculture breathes new life into their practical applications. It not only makes farming more sustainable but helps farmers get the most of every yield.\nWhat relationship do drones and agriculture have? Here are six ways drones make farming sustainable, bountiful, and less expensive.\nThe irrigation of crops presents a two-fold issue for population growth. First, battling long-standing droughts challenges farmers around the world.\nSecond, agriculture eats up 70 percent of the freshwater used worldwide.\nMoreover, water remains a finite resource.\nOur goal then is to get water to the crops that need it to - but to limit waste whenever possible.\nThey can highlight patches showing signs of stress with thermal and infrared sensors.\nWith the help of drone technology, you'll reach the areas that need water most without wasting water on healthy crops. Not only will you save our most precious resource, but also boost your yields in the process.\n2. Health Assessment\nThe health of crops in the ground contributes to the overall return. Every farmer's goal is to identify plants in stress as early as possible to both save the plant and prevent jeopardy for the field.\nEarly detection of disease in humans dramatically improves the likelihood for survival - and it does the same for plants.\nThe use of drones makes this possible - and inexpensive - for the first time. With near-infrared sensors, it's possible to identify a plant facing stress very early. Some sensors see signs of trouble up to 10 days before it becomes clear to the naked eye.\nHaving a 10-day notice to check on a plant could be the key to preventing large-scale losses.\nFor example, if your field is contaminated by a pest, all farmers in the area will face the same threat.\nWhen you identify the issue before it spreads, you prevent the loss of thousands of acres of crops.\nTrials of the use of drones in health assessment extend beyond crops.\nThey also include animals and wildlife.\nDuring an experiment in Kenya, drones surveyed a herd before the vets on the ground could get dressed and into their car. There's also evidence that drones could be used to spots sick animals.\n\"When you identify the issue before it spreads, you prevent the loss of thousands of acres of crops.\"\nDrones won't replace traditional planting equipment in the near future, but they do make planting more accurate.\nImagine creating a precise seed-planting pattern based on multiple data points, including nitrogen-levels. Drones produce 3D maps with little effort and expense, which serve as a basis for many seed-planting applications.\nDrones won't replace the physical planting process in the next few years. But the work is important because it reduces labor costs and improves efficiency.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cm-ao.valtech.dk/test-promo/about-ao/news/2010-imported-ari-news/prof-mauro-alini-from-ari-awarded-prestigious-funding-by-the-north-american-spine-society", "date": "2021-06-15T13:54:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487621273.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20210615114909-20210615144909-00454.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9304512143135071, "token_count": 395, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__7747019", "lang": "en", "text": "Prof Mauro Alini from ARI awarded prestigious funding by the North American Spine Society\nUS$50,000 funding awarded for year one of a two year proposal\n02 September 2010\nProf. Mauro Alini of the AO Research Institute Davos (ARI) has been selected as the recipient of a North American Spine Society (NASS) 2010 Basic Research Grant Award for the amount of $50,000.00 for funding of year one of the two year proposal. The proposal title is nbsp;Stem Cell Based Intervertebral Disc Regeneration-Evaluation in Organ Culture. According to Dr Michael Smith, Chair, Research Project Management Committee,” The quality of the invited research grant applications this year was very high and you should be commended for your efforts”.\nTo text of the acceptance letter is available here.\nThe grant was officially awarded to AO Research Institute Davos (and co-applicants Mauro Alini and Sybille Grad) during the NASS 2010 Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida on October 8, 2010. Here is the NASS post congress news report.\nNASS is dedicated, amongst other roles, to supporting quality spine research. NASS rsquo; multidisciplinary approach to uncovering the etiology, natural progression and most effective treatments for spinal disorders is unique in the field. NASS provides research funding, supports spine research with numerous resources and tools, and disseminates research through a peer-reviewed scientific journal and other publications.\nThe NASS Annual Research Fund (ARF) collects money to support research projects each year from applications selected by NASS' Research Project Management Committee. Typically, $180K - $200K is distributed annually in support of research grants and fellowships. The Annual Research Fund has been an effective vehicle for supporting basic and applied clinical science since 1989.\nFor more information about NASS please go to their website.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://alevelnotes.com/Amino-Acids/59", "date": "2018-07-22T04:52:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676593010.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20180722041752-20180722061752-00123.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9654564261436462, "token_count": 369, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__24048622", "lang": "en", "text": "Proteins are polymers. The monomers of proteins are amino acids.\nAll proteins have the same basic structure. They consist of an Amino Group at one end, an Acid Group at the other end, and a Carbon in the middle which bonds with a Hydrogen atom and an 'R' group, which is specific to individual amino acids.\nThere are 20 naturally occurring 'R' groups, which corresponds to 20 different amino acids. Each different amino acid has a specific name. For example, Alanine's 'R' group consists of CH3.\nPlants make all the amino acids they need themselves, as long as they can obtain Nitrate from the soil, which is then converted to amino groups and bonded to the products of photosynthesis.\nAnimals on the other hand cannot make amino acids themselves and so must take in proteins as part of their diet. These proteins are then broken down into amino acids that can form other proteins. However, some amino acids cannot be built from materials brought into the bodies of animals. These are called Essential Amino Acids, and must be eaten directly as part of the diet. Most of these can be found in meat.\nAmino acids are toxic and as they cannot be stored, they must be excreted from the body in a process called deamination. In animals, this occurs in the liver, where amino acids are converted to urea and pass out in the urine.\nAmino acids can be joined together, forming Peptide Bonds. All amino acids are joined in exactly the same way. A Condensation reaction forms a covalent bond between the monomers, between the amino group of one and the acid group of another. When two amino acids are joined together in this way, a dipeptide molecule is formed.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.acooknotmad.com/2014/07/breadfruit-institute.html", "date": "2017-12-15T15:58:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948575124.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20171215153355-20171215175355-00797.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9571526050567627, "token_count": 1070, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__65221406", "lang": "en", "text": "During our recent trip to Kahanu Garden in Hana we got the added bonus of being introduced to the Breadfruit Institute, located right at the front gates and part of the garden itself. The Institute’s mission is to promote the conservation and use of breadfruit for food and reforestation.\nI know many of you are saying “What the heck is a breadfruit?” Because it is not something you will find tucked in between the carrots and lettuce at your local supermarket, unless you live in the tropics. Though you may have seen it at your favourite Asian market or specialty food store.\nA member of the fig family, breadfruit or ulu in Hawaiian is a pale yellow green colour (varies) and usually a little smaller than a volleyball. Starchy in texture, breadfruit has a similar smell to fresh bread when it is baked. At its simplest, the fruit is baked whole in the coal of an open fire or in an Imu but modern chefs are creating new and tasty ways to prepare this prolific fruit.\nAt the Institute you can walk through an orchard of breadfruit that includes more than a hundred varieties of the tree that have been collected from all over the world. Cultivated for centuries in the South Pacific, the seeds were spread throughout Polynesia by French explorers and eventually found their way to over 90 countries. Hundreds of varieties have been cultivated and it has played an important part of both diet and daily living for millions of people over the years.\nThe trees themselves are quite large and can produce 100 to 150 breadfruit per harvest and also provides construction material, medicine, insect repellant and even animal feed. The trees are very easy to grow and will produce fruit for decades after about 3 to 5 years.\nRecognizing this, the Breadfruit Institute was initiated to research the possibility of feeding the hungry in tropical climates. Considering 80% of world hunger occurs in tropical locations it truly seems to be a “no brainer” that the propagation of this plant to be developed. With little attention, the breadfruit tree will thrive not only producing fruit, but providing shade and shelter to humans and pollinating animals such as bees and birds. Compared to other crops like potatoes, plantains or root crops the breadfruit can far out produce them in the same amount of space because they are a vertical crop, some large established trees can produce 400 to 600 fruits in a 25 square meter foot print.\nBreadfruit is packed with nutrition and a great source of energy through carbohydrates. The fruit can be used in place of any starch like pasta, rice or potato in the diet and can be eaten at any stage of ripeness. The immature breadfruit has a similar taste to artichoke and as it matures becomes sweeter and creamier. The seeds found in some varieties can even be roasted or boiled and eaten, with a taste similar to chestnuts, or milled into flour. Breadfruit is truly a super food that gives on many different levels with little effort from humans.\nSo what the hell are we waiting for? Well that’s exactly the reason the Breadfruit Institute was developed in 2003. Through their research and documentation it is their mission to be able to provide plans for diversified plantings in order to have a constant supply of fruit throughout the year. Using a system of shipping young and healthy breadfruit that will grow easily and vigorously through a partnership with another company called Cultivaris the Institute hopes to create a new solution for food security and well being for millions of people through the conservation of this remarkable tree.\nAfter learning so much more about what appears to be such a humble fruit we knew the breadfruit’s story and its Institute had to be told. It’s projects like these that seem to get overlooked so easily for the trending topics of the day and we feel it’s part of our duty to inform you of them here at a A Cook Not Mad. If you would like to learn more about what the Breadfruit Institute is doing check out their website or on your next visit to Maui make sure to visit the Kahanu Garden’s breadfruit orchard and donate generously, we picked up one of their sweet t-shirts as well.\nAt the very least, search out a breadfruit in your home town and prepare it for your family because sometimes eating is believing. Here is an easy recipe for baked ulu chips you can serve with your favourite salsa or guacamole.\n- 1 breadfruit\n- Using a mature firm breadfruit boil the fruit whole in a large pot of (Hawaiian) salted water and seasoned with Hawaiian Chili Water (1/2 cup) until just knife tender.\n- When cool enough, peel and core the fruit\n- Using a mandolin or sharp knife slice into thin pieces.\n- Brush or toss the slices gently in olive oil and spread them in one layer on a parchment lined baking sheet.\n- You can sprinkle them with whatever herb or spice you desire, like rosemary, black pepper, cumin or curry powder along with more Hawaiian sea salt.\n- Bake the chips in a preheated 400 degree oven until they are golden and crisp, let cool and serve.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://suomikauppa.fi/en/products/sana-sol-vitanallet-mansikan-ja-vadelmanmakuinen-pureskeltava-d-vitamiinivalmiste-60kpl", "date": "2023-12-02T18:28:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100448.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202172159-20231202202159-00734.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8807397484779358, "token_count": 140, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__40928440", "lang": "en", "text": "Sana-sol Vitanallet strawberry and raspberry flavored chewable vitamin D preparation 60 pcs\nChewable vitamin D fruit teddies for the whole family. For Sana-sol Vitana, vitamin D 10 microg, the delicious teddy bears taste like fresh strawberries and raspberries. Sugar-free, soft fruit teddy bears taste excellent for both children and adults. The product's vitamin D works for the bones, as it promotes the absorption of calcium. Vitamin D is also important for immunity and muscle function. Vitamin D is also needed for cell division. Sugar free. Dietary supplement.\nNote! Product images are just an example and the final product may look different.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.whitworthmedicalcentre.nhs.uk/clinics-and-services/investigations/", "date": "2024-04-20T10:24:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817576.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420091126-20240420121126-00564.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9406905174255371, "token_count": 192, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__482612", "lang": "en", "text": "Our Healthcare assistants run an appointment based clinic at the surgery each morning to perform investigations ordered by your GP or nurse. They are responsible for taking blood samples, performing ECGs, urine testing, weight monitoring, checking blood pressure, setting up 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and various other such roles.\nPlease note that many blood specimens need to reach the hospital lab the day they are taken as the blood degrades if held overnight. Blood samples are taken to the hospital via NHS lab transport at around 11 am and at around 2 pm. We have no later lab collection for samples; for this reason most blood tests need to be taken in a morning appointment slot and con not be taken in late afternoon or evening appointments.\nSome investigations such as X-rays, ultrasound scans, exercise tolerance tests, echocardiograms and endoscopies need to be undertaken at Rochdale Infirmary. Where appropriate these can be arranged by your GP.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://germanspitz-origins.com/health-and-diet.php", "date": "2023-03-23T14:22:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945168.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20230323132026-20230323162026-00772.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9636324644088745, "token_count": 1563, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__99866223", "lang": "en", "text": "The German Spitz is a very healthy breed of dog and so far, careful breeding has ensured that no obvious hereditary problems have developed. The average life expectancy of a German Spitz is 15 years, and the known conditions of our breed are listed below. We like to note that although they are quite uncommon, anything is possible just like with humans - we are not able to guarantee our puppies will be 100% free from health conditions, but we will do everything possible to mitigate the likelihood of them from occurring and can happily provide full evidence of this upon request.\nWe have worked with a leading Veterinary surgeon based in Melbourne to agree on appropriate screening for our breeding dogs, and a defect prevention strategy for each of those conditions.\nLuxating Patella is a condition in which the kneecap dislocates or moves out of its normal location. Patellar luxation is a common condition in dogs, particularly small and miniature breeds. The condition usually becomes evident between the ages of 4 to 6 months and can occur genetically or from trauma / injury such as falling or jumping excessively. When selecting a breeding pair, we ensure that both the mother and father (Dam and Sire) are checked and cleared for genetic Patella issues as this significantly minimises the risk to the offspring. This test is performed using a physical examination from our Vet as this condition is a very dynamic issues and therefore a scan is not as accurate. All puppies are physically checked at 6-8 weeks by our vet and results are logged in our records. We strongly discourage any puppies to jump or climb stairs excessively up to the age of 18 months as this can damage (cause trauma) to the patellas.\nHip Dysplasia is an abnormal formation of the hip socket that, in its more severe form, can eventually cause crippling lameness and painful arthritis of the joints. It is a genetic condition that may also be affected by environmental factors. When selecting a breeding pair, we ensure that both the mother and father (Dam and Sire) are screened for HD, and we also screen elbows for good measure. This is performed by a radiology scan which is then submitted to a registered hip assessor for scoring. We will publish hip scores on our dogs profiles upon completion of screening. Unfortunately our puppies are unable to be tested for HD as it requires for them to be over the age of 16 weeks and put under sedation or General Anesthetic. In addition to this there is not sufficient bone development to obtain a useful scan, and finally the testing procedure is a little harsh on their little bodies. If one of our puppies is found to have HD later on in life, we need to be informed so this can be logged and investigated into further.\nPRA (Progressive Retinal Atrophy) and RD (Retinal Dysplasia) are hereditary eye conditions which can both cause premature blindness. Thankfully, genetic tests are available to screen for these diseases and they are simple and painless. We use All Animal Eye Services to conduct an ACES test to screen our dogs. The screening will be repeated every 12 months for our breeding dogs to ensure there is no development of eye conditions later on in life.\nEpilepsy is characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. Canine epilepsy is often genetic, however unfortunately at this point in time, there is no genetic test available to screen for this condition. If any of our dogs are diagnosed with epilepsy at any time in their life, they will be de-sexed immediately, and any owners with progeny will be notified. We hope that a test can be developed in the near future for better screening of this condition. Further information can be found our HERE - Should we ever own a dog with epilepsy we will fully participate in the research schemes as to date there are no German Spitz participants.\nTeeth. Although not defined as a medical problem, it is a specification of the breed that all German Spitz should have a 'scissor bite'. This basically means that when the dogs jaw is closed, their upper incisors overlap their lower incisors, and the lower canine fits between the upper third incisor and the upper canine. In addition to this, interdigitation of upper and lower premolar teeth is visible and there will be a visible zig-zag gap between the side view of the teeth. Further information and photographs can be found HERE. We use the services of Dr Clarke for any concerns or queries we have regarding teeth. Anything other than a full scissor bite is considered a breed fault, and therefore we will not breed with any such dogs. Screening the Dam and Sire unfortunately does not guarantee a full scissor bite for the puppies however it greatly reduces the chances. An incomplete scissor bite means no harm to the dogs, it simply means we cannot show or breed from them.\nIt must also be noted that Spitz breeds have a tendency to retain their baby teeth (typically K9's). A retained or persistent deciduous (baby) tooth is one that is still present despite the eruption of the permanent tooth (between three to seven months of age). This is not considered a fault in the breeding, however retained teeth can cause the permanent (adult) teeth to erupt in abnormal positions, resulting in an incorrect bite pattern. Retained deciduous teeth may also cause overcrowding of teeth, accidental bites into the palate, or an abnormal jaw position. By the age of 6 months when the puppy is due to be desexed, any retained teeth can be removed at the same time for a minimal charge of around $30 per tooth (the cost will be up to the individual vet clinic) on top of the desexing costs. An interesting fact is that in some Australian clinics, desexing fees are subsidised, and therefore it is cheaper to have a dog desexed as well as having any retained teeth out than it is to just have its teeth out! Of course, if signs of incorrect placement occur sooner than 6 months it might be necessary to have a veterinarian check if early extraction is necessary.\nOur dogs are currently fed on Meals for Mutts Premium Dried Food Salmon and Sardine (Grain Free) in addition to human grade raw meat. It has a relatively high protein value and a reasonable fat content which is what we look for in the nutritional table. Diet is always going to be trial and error and will be ever changing as we are always watching the market, but as a rule, we would always recommend feeding your German Spitz dog a premium food with high protein content which will support a lovely shiny coat and nice skin. The supermarket brands in our opinion are poison to dogs and to name a few issues, the food can affect coat development, amount of shedding, general health as well as bowel motions. A healthy dog will have a longer and happier life, so we always suggest feeding the best possible food you can afford in your budget.\nWe are very conscious of the food that goes into our dogs bodies (more than the food that goes into our own bodies!), so we make our own range of treats using human grade meat. This was fostered firstly by sensitive stomachs, but secondarily due to finding out the amount of chemicals and preservatives added into commercial dog treats. Its very simple to do, and if you wish to try our treats please visit Dapper Dog Treats to place an order.\nRemember, what goes in - comes out! You will notice the better the food, the smaller the quantity you are feeding, which in turn means less waste at the other end.\nSources: Pet MD (retained teeth explanation)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.binocularbuyingguide.net/best-bird-watching-places/bird-watching-in-uganda/", "date": "2023-12-06T15:14:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100599.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206130723-20231206160723-00477.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9558684825897217, "token_count": 991, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__108132669", "lang": "en", "text": "Bird watching is a recreational activity that involves observations of birds. Birds come in a lot of different types. This is one of the facts that fascinate bird watchers. There are so many types of birds for people to see. Observing the behavior of birds especially in their natural habitat is part of the fun. There are some specific places that people go to watch birds. There are some regions that provide the perfect habitat for all kinds of birds. Uganda is one of the most interesting places when looking for avian habitats. It provides for interesting times for bird watchers.\nBird Watching paradise\nMore people are getting into the birding business. When taking a vacation, watching birds is one of the activities that tourists can enjoy. It provides an interesting option when sightseeing. Bird watching in Uganda is one of the most popular attractions. Uganda has a list of over 1000 bird species. This presents bird watchers with options. The habitats are also spread all over the country. This allows tourists to visit other places and see other things. It’s a chance to experience a whole new side of Africa.\nThe bird habitats vary all over the country. This is because Uganda has a little bit of everything. The River Nile provides one type of habitat. There is also a semi desert which allows for some species of birds to live there. There are also mountainous regions and lowlands. There are wetlands and rain forests that provide a different kind of habitat. These habitats are what allow for so many different avian species. It is a bird watching paradise really. The national parks that house these birds are located in all these different habitats.\nWhere to go\nUganda is a small country and for this reason, the area to cover is small. It is absolutely perfect for a bird watching vacation. Watchers can get from one place to another without too much trouble. This is because there are more birds to see per square kilometer of the region. Anyone looking to catch a glimpse of the avian marvel of the region can do so easily. There are also specific places where one can go to watch the birds. Queen Elizabeth National Park is one of the best places to start. The environment is perfect for someone looking to watch different species of birds. Bwindi National Park is also one of the more popular areas to go for birding. The forest is vast and provides a unique experience for watchers.\nSomething for everyone\nThe beauty of briding in Uganda is that is caters for everyone. It does not matter if one is experienced or just starting out. The different places provide something for everyone from shoebills to sunbirds. Someone with more experience at birding can visit the areas with an extensive variety of birds. Someone that has gotten into the hobby can find something simpler. All this can be arranged with the bird watching tours. With its popularity as a popular bird watching destination, Uganda has tours that facilitate that. Tourists can find what they need without too much trouble.\nGuided tours for bird watchers\nThere are some tour companies that arrange for birding safaris. This helps a lot especially for someone making the visit for the first time. A guided tour is a good way to get into birding as a hobby. When planning for the itinerary for a trip to Uganda, birding should be included in the plan. When using a guide, a first time bird watcher can learn better where to go and where to look. Uganda is considered as birding heaven. With an idea of the best areas to catch different avian species, the rest becomes easy.\nTaking photographs is one of the ways that bird watchers chronicle their findings. The different habitats provide just the right environment for that. A bird watcher in Uganda can get more than enough share of proof for their scrap book. Whether its photos or videos; there are more than enough subjects. Besides observing the birds in their natural habitats, tourists get a chance to enjoy nature. Uganda provides some marvels to spend time on. During the excursions to watch birds, there is plenty else to see.\nThere is some equipment that is used to facilitate the watching of birds. Binoculars are a common sight among bird watchers. They make it possible to see birds from a distance. When planning for a trip to Uganda, one can carry their own or just rent. There are also cameras and video camcorders that people use. The equipment will depend on the level of the birdwatcher. A beginner may make do with binoculars but an experienced bird watcher may want something more significant.\nWatching of birds can be more than just for fun. There are some people that do it for educational purposes. Whatever the case is, Uganda provides a good example. The region provides a rich variety for bird watchers. Birding in Uganda is one of the best ideas for a vacation.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.academypolicyconference.com/copy-of-michael-evans", "date": "2022-06-29T09:45:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103626162.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220629084939-20220629114939-00424.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9354858994483948, "token_count": 192, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__233526130", "lang": "en", "text": "Versie Johnson-Mallard, PhD, WHNP-BC, FAANP, FAAN\nDean and Professor of Nursing,\nKent State University College of Nursing\nDr. Johnson-Mallard is an educator, scholar, and nurse scientist. Her scholarship is focused on assuring the effective translation of research and policies for new approaches related to prevention, diagnosis and treatment sexually transmitted infections and persistent Human Papillomavirus and its role in genital cancer. A board-certified Women's Health Nurse Practitioner, a primary aim of service, research and clinical practice is to improve the sexual and reproductive health of women, their families, and communities. Dedicated to educating and mentoring the next generations of students, nurses, advanced practice clinicians and nurse scientist in the field of sexual and reproductive methodology, culturally specific interventions as well as identifying strategies which may be used to inhibit the oncogenic activity of high-risk HPV genotypes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kesla.com/en/references/tractor-forest-equipment/", "date": "2021-04-23T08:53:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039568689.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20210423070953-20210423100953-00389.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9506455063819885, "token_count": 98, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__23774250", "lang": "en", "text": "Ranua Wildlife Park was established in 1983. Today, the park is home to around 200 animals that represent 50 arctic species. The animals are housed in spacious enclosures right in the middle of a Nordic forest. It takes a lot of hard work from an average of five members of staff to look after the animals and maintain their enclosures. This work is made easier by a Valtra N114 Hitech tractor and a KESLA 204T loader.\nRead more »", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://buildandplay.com.au/product/lego-duplo-10972-wild-animals-of-the-ocean/", "date": "2022-06-26T10:50:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103205617.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20220626101442-20220626131442-00172.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.883741021156311, "token_count": 272, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__178966013", "lang": "en", "text": "Take animal-loving toddlers on an imaginative journey to the bottom of the sea with LEGO® DUPLO® Wild Animals of the Ocean (10972) for ages 2+\nExplore sea life and new skills\nTake young imaginations to the depths of the ocean to meet an adult and baby whale, tropical fish and a cute turtle in their natural environment. With a fun waterslide and a 3-dimensional ocean-floor playmat to explore, there’s plenty to inspire imaginative play and build essential developmental skills in your little ocean explorer.\nPlayful learning for toddlers\nAll LEGO DUPLO sets are expertly designed with fun narratives, bright colors, diverse characters and lots of details to give your little learner a BIG start in life.\n- Open-ended ocean fun – LEGO® DUPLO® Wild Animals of the Ocean (10972) gives fish-loving preschoolers endless, hands-on developmental fun with sea creatures in their natural habitat\n- Hands-on play – The colorful playset includes an adult and baby whale, tropical fish and a turtle, which are all easy for toddlers to pick up and place, plus a 3-dimensional undersea playmat\n- Playful learning – As preschoolers enjoy endless role play with the sea animals, they also develop their social, cognitive and fine motor skills", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.souqez.com/24-7-local-pest-control-in-garland-tx/", "date": "2024-02-29T07:23:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474795.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229071243-20240229101243-00841.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8726682662963867, "token_count": 579, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__61950054", "lang": "en", "text": "Pest Control Services in Garland TX refers to the management and prevention of unwanted pests, such as insects, rodents, and other animals, from infesting and causing damage to homes, businesses, agricultural fields, and other areas. Pest control methods aim to reduce or eliminate the population of these pests to minimize health risks, property damage, and economic losses.\nHere are some common types of pest control methods and practices:\n- Chemical Pest Control:\n- Pesticides: Chemical substances designed to kill or repel pests. They can be used indoors, outdoors, or in agricultural settings.\n- Insecticides: Target specific types of insects.\n- Rodenticides: Designed to control rodents like rats and mice.\n- Biological Pest Control:\n- Predators: Introduce natural predators of pests to control their populations.\n- Parasitoids: Use parasitic organisms that kill or sterilize the pests.\n- Microorganisms: Employ bacteria, fungi, or viruses that harm specific pests.\n- Mechanical and Physical Pest Control:\n- Traps: Devices like mousetraps and fly traps that physically capture or kill pests.\n- Barriers: Install screens, nets, or fencing to keep pests out.\n- Heat and Cold Treatments: Extreme temperatures can kill certain pests or their eggs.\n- Cultural Pest Control:\n- Crop Rotation: Changing the type of crops planted in agricultural fields to disrupt pest life cycles.\n- Proper Hygiene: Keeping homes and businesses clean to reduce pest attraction.\n- Integrated Pest Management (IPM):\n- IPM is a holistic approach that combines various pest control strategies, focusing on prevention and minimizing environmental impacts.\n- Monitoring and Assessment: Regularly inspecting for pests to determine when and where intervention is necessary.\n- Prevention: Implementing practices that make the environment less conducive to pests, such as sealing cracks, eliminating food sources, and maintaining proper sanitation.\n- Control: Using the most appropriate and least harmful methods to address specific pest problems.\n- Evaluation: Continuously assessing the effectiveness of pest control measures and making adjustments as needed.\n- Organic Pest Control:\n- Using natural or organic methods, such as neem oil, diatomaceous earth, or beneficial insects, to control pests without synthetic chemicals.\nIt’s important to consider the environmental and health implications of the chosen pest control method. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is often recommended because it prioritizes the least toxic and most effective means of pest control while minimizing harm to non-target species and the environment.\nIf you have a pest problem, it’s advisable to consult with a professional Pest Control Services in Garland TX. They can assess the situation, identify the type of pest, and recommend an appropriate and safe pest control strategy tailored to your specific needs.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://oakleafmedicalnetwork.com/preventing-throat-cancer/", "date": "2024-03-04T16:57:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476464.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304165127-20240304195127-00261.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9439041018486023, "token_count": 736, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__93994014", "lang": "en", "text": "Approximately 54,000 Americans will be diagnosed with mouth and throat cancer this year. That’s almost 150 people a day, and only slightly greater than half will be alive in 5 years. A steady rise in throat cancer is being observed in much younger people without the traditional risk factors, like smoking and drinking. In fact, patients diagnosed with this cancer are usually between 40–55 years old. These patients have contracted the disease from exposure to the human papillomavirus (HPV), and it has been shown that HPV causes approximately 75% of all oropharyngeal cancers (tonsil, back of tongue and throat) in the United States.\nHuman papilloma is a group of more than 150 closely related viruses. More than 40 of these viruses can be easily spread during vaginal, anal, and oral sex. There are low-risk and high-risk types, with the latter causing cervical and oropharyngeal cancers.\nMore than half of all sexually active people will contract one or more types of this virus during their lifetime, making it the most common sexually transmitted disease in the U.S. HPV-associated head & neck cancer is estimated to become more common than cervical cancer by 2020.\nHPV can be transmitted to the oropharynx through oral sex or travel through the body following vaginal or anal sex. While most people clear the virus within a year or two, HPV can continue to persist in others. It usually takes years after being infected with HPV for a cancer to develop.\nThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends HPV vaccination for all 11– to 12–year-olds. It also recommends HPV vaccination for everyone through 26 years old, if not vaccinated already. The vaccination prevents new HPV infections, but does not treat existing infections, which is why the vaccine works best when given before HPV exposure. The vaccines are safe and one of the best ways to prevent oropharyngeal cancer.\nThe earlier this cancer is found, the greater an individual’s outcome. Anyone with a history of tobacco or alcohol use, a history of oral lesions, and those with 5 or more sexual partners are at increased risk. Symptoms include hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, pain while chewing, bleeding from the mouth, a neck mass, or ear pain that doesn’t go away. Men are 6–7 times more likely to develop this type of cancer.\nAnyone with any of these symptoms should be screened by an Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) physician through a quick and painless exam. We are able to visualize your entire throat structures, including your vocal cords, using a very small and flexible camera.\nThroat cancers have been traditionally treated with either invasive surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, or a combination of the above modalities. A newer approach, called transoral robot surgery (TORS), is far less invasive. This is a type of surgery that significantly decreases complications and recovery time. Quality of life data demonstrates that patients treated by TORS have more meaningful quality of life, oral function, diet, and have fewer long-term problems. This option is available to you in the Chippewa Valley by TORS-certified surgeons at DeFatta ENT & Allergy.\nWritten by: Robert DeFatta, MD, PhD\nDeFatta ENT & Allergy\nFor information or to schedule an appointment:\n715-828-2368 | www.defattaent.com\nDr. DeFatta sees patients in Altoona, Baldwin, Chippewa Falls, Durand, Black River Falls and Hayward.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.withnatureandacamera.co.uk/", "date": "2022-05-16T20:49:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662512249.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220516204516-20220516234516-00642.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9514626860618591, "token_count": 379, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__232122055", "lang": "en", "text": "Cherry Kearton and the Birth of Wildlife Documentary\nWITH NATURE AND A CAMERA\nCreated by Evie Bulmer\nCurated by Fergus Wiltshire\nCherry Kearton was an early pioneer of nature film photography and documentary film. Born in 1871 in Thwaite, Yorkshire Kearton travelled the world becoming one of the foremost chroniclers of natural history subjects. Cherry specialised in animal photography, taking the first ever photograph of a bird's nest with eggs (1892) and later the first pictures ever taken of lions in their native haunts (1909).\nHe has been cited by Sir David Attenborough as an influential character in his own journey to becoming a wildlife documentarian.\nThis exhibition will be the first of its kind, exhibiting breathtaking photos of the early 1900s which have been developed from the original glass film slides. Limited edition prints shall be sold in order to raise money for Fauna & Flora International to help protect what precious wildlife we have left.\nCherry Kearton wrote in 1904 that we must:\n“remember that to help in the least degree to accomplish the extinction of anything beautiful and interesting is a crime against future generations…”\nThis will be a charitable exhibition with 100% of the profits from print sales to be donated to Fauna & Flora International (FFI).\nEstablished over a century ago, FFI is the world’s oldest international wildlife conservation organisation which has been shaping and influencing conservation practice since its foundation in 1903. Their focus is on protecting biodiversity, which underpins healthy ecosystems and is critical for the life-support systems that humans and all other species rely on.\nFFI's mission is to conserve threatened species and ecosystems worldwide. This exhibition's mission is to raise as many funds as possible to support FFI's incredible work.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.prsd.k12.ca.us/magnolia/StudentLinks/websites6/science/marine_biology/mcv_mb/cephalopods.html", "date": "2015-05-30T00:10:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207930866.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113210-00199-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9691133499145508, "token_count": 438, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-22__0__62714147", "lang": "en", "text": "The octopus, squid, cuttlefish, and chambered nautilus are all cephalopods. The term cephalopod means head foot. Their head is right next to their foot (tentacle end). The squid appears to be a shelless mollusc, but its shell, or the remnants of it, is inside its body. It appears as a thin, clear blade inside the mantle. It is called the pen, and it is useful only for muscle attachment.\nThe squid swims by forcing water out of its funnel in a manner similar to jet propulsion. With its streamlined, tapered body and broad, triangular fins that stabilize, the squid is a very good swimmer and an efficient predator. It can swim into a school of fish and, using its image-forming eyes, seek out prey. It then uses its long sucker-tipped tentacles to capture its prey. The prey is paralyzed quickly with a bite behind the head from the beak of the squid and an injection of poison. The beak is located in the center of the circle of eight arms and two tentacles. It cuts the food into pieces and transfers it to its mouth with its radula.\nLocated on the arms are suckers which hold tight when muscles are contracted. Notice that the tentacles are twice as long as the arms and only have suckers on their flattened ends.\nThe squids' enemies are mostly sea mammals or large fish that are very fast. They defend themselves by use of an ink sac that expels an inky blackness into the water when the squid is alarmed. The ink confuses the enemies' sense of sight and smell. Squids also have pigment cells in their skin that enable them to light or darken their skin color in order to blend with the sea floor or to match surface light from above. If attacked and a tentacle is torn off, a new one is regenerated.\nSquids are useful to humans. They are dried and prepared for food in some cultures. Fishermen often use them for bait. In China especially, the ink sac is collected and sold as the famous India ink.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://shop.healogy.jp/en/pages/cbd%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF", "date": "2023-12-03T17:59:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100508.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203161435-20231203191435-00614.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9437476396560669, "token_count": 262, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__514971", "lang": "en", "text": "What is CBD?\nA type of cannabinoid, a natural component found in cannabis plants. Extracted through a complex process, THC-free CBD (cannabidiol) regulates the ECS (endocannabinoid) immune system in the human body.\nHow does CBD work?\nSimply put, CBD restores homeostasis (the body's natural balance). It works on endocannabinoids by activating two core receptors (known as CB1 and CB2) that regulate mood, body temperature, cognitive function, and muscle repair. Its effects are used to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety, depression, pain, and menstrual cramps, and it has beneficial effects on concentration, energy levels, and sleep. It is also sometimes used as an anti-inflammatory agent and as a local anesthetic.\nIs it legal?\nIn Japan, it is often misunderstood that everything related to cannabis grass is illegal, but CBD (cannabidiol), one of the ingredients contained in hemp (cannabis grass), is a legal and approved active ingredient. HEALOGY uses only CBD isolate from mature stems and seeds, which have been approved for importation by the Kanto Shinetsu Health Bureau and Customs, and do not contain any THC (psychoactive) ingredients.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://blog.sipo.it/en/%E2%99%A3pumpkin-nutritional-properties/", "date": "2020-03-29T22:11:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370496227.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20200329201741-20200329231741-00441.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9204291105270386, "token_count": 421, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-16", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__90448287", "lang": "en", "text": "Squash belong to the great family of the Cucurbitaceae (close relatives of the cucumber and melon), they are annual herbaceous monoecious plants – with male and female flowers on the same plant – with a climbing stem, covered with bristly hairs and rich in tendrils.\nNUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES:Winter squash is a real dietary food. One hundred grams of pulp has just over 20 kcal. The orange color highlights the high content of carotenoids (substances that protect from various types of cancer, heart disease and type 2 diabetes) and vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E (a powerful antioxidant) and group B vitamins. Among the minerals, the content of potassium, copper, manganese and iron is important.\nSquash has good refreshing, diuretic, laxative and digestive properties.\nSquash seeds have proved useful in reducing the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.\nAn intact squash can be stored for 1-6 months in a cool, dry and dark place. Once opened, the squash can be stored for a few days in the refrigerator, wrapped in a transparent film. Fresh squash, diced, cooked or purée can be frozen.\nNothing is thrown away from squash, the peel, leaves and flowers are regularly consumed in various parts of the world. Squash can be roasted, boiled, reduced to a puree.\nEach Italian region has its squash-based dishes: squash is added to soups and stews or is used to fill pasta or risotto seasonings, for example. Excellent side dish for meat, cooked with aromas or with cheese.\nSquash is a remarkable ingredient for making savory pies, stuffed cakes, desserts, jams and mostarda.\nSquash seeds, raw or toasted and salted, are an excellent snack, but they can also be used to season mixed salads, meat dishes, to stuff meatballs or desserts, in the mixture of special breads and cakes, and, indeed, to prepare pasta sauces.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bestaquariumsuk.blogspot.com/2023/10/creating-slice-of-paradise-joys-of-home.html", "date": "2023-12-04T20:02:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100534.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204182901-20231204212901-00607.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9135981798171997, "token_count": 835, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__83219880", "lang": "en", "text": "Creating a Slice of Paradise: The Joys of Home Tropical Aquariums\nHome tropical aquariums are like living pieces of art that bring the beauty and tranquility of the underwater world into your living space. These captivating aquatic ecosystems not only provide a soothing and visually appealing ambiance but also offer an educational and rewarding hobby for enthusiasts of all ages. In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of home tropical aquariums, from setting up your tank to choosing the right inhabitants and maintaining a thriving aquatic paradise.\nChoosing the Perfect Aquarium\nThe first step in creating your own home tropical aquarium is choosing the right tank. Size matters, as it will determine the types and number of fish you can keep. Larger tanks are generally more stable and provide more room for a variety of species. Popular options include standard rectangular tanks, bowfront tanks, and corner tanks, each offering unique aesthetics to suit your space.\nOnce you've selected your tank, invest in high-quality equipment such as a filter, heater, lighting, and a reliable thermometer. Adequate filtration and heating are crucial to maintaining a stable environment for your aquatic friends.\nSelecting the Substrate and Decor\nThe substrate, or the material that covers the tank's bottom, plays an essential role in the tank's aesthetics and the well-being of its inhabitants. Common options include sand, gravel, and plant-based substrates. Choose a substrate that complements the theme of your aquarium and the needs of your chosen aquatic plants and fish.\nAquarium decor, such as rocks, driftwood, and artificial or live plants, adds personality and natural beauty to your tank. Ensure that the decor items are safe for your fish and will not leach harmful substances into the water. Live plants not only enhance the visual appeal but also contribute to the overall health of the aquarium by aiding in water filtration and oxygenation.\nWater Chemistry and Temperature\nTropical fish thrive in specific water conditions. Research the requirements of the species you plan to keep to ensure their optimal health. The pH level, hardness, and temperature of the water must be suitable for your chosen inhabitants. Use water conditioners and test kits to maintain the proper parameters.\nTemperature is particularly crucial in tropical aquariums, as most tropical fish prefer water temperatures between 75°F and 82°F (24°C to 28°C). A reliable heater will help you maintain a consistent temperature within this range.\nChoosing the Right Fish\nSelecting the fish for your tropical aquarium is one of the most enjoyable aspects of the hobby. A vast array of vibrant and diverse species is available, each with its unique behaviors and care requirements. Before adding any fish, research their specific needs, including diet, tank size, and compatibility with other species.\nPopular choices for tropical aquariums include colorful tetras, graceful angelfish, playful guppies, and elegant bettas. Ensure that the fish you choose are compatible in terms of temperament and water requirements to prevent conflicts and stress among your aquatic inhabitants.\nFeeding and Care\nProper nutrition is essential for the health of your tropical fish. Most tropical fish species thrive on a diet of high-quality flake or pellet food, supplemented with frozen or live foods for variety. Be mindful not to overfeed, as uneaten food can lead to water quality issues.\nRegular maintenance is crucial to keep your aquarium clean and healthy. This includes performing water changes, cleaning the substrate, and maintaining your equipment. A regular schedule will help prevent common problems like algae growth and water cloudiness.Home tropical aquariums are more than just captivating displays; they offer a glimpse into the fascinating underwater world and provide a rewarding and educational hobby for enthusiasts. By carefully selecting the right equipment, substrate, decor, fish, and by maintaining proper water conditions, you can create a thriving aquatic paradise in the comfort of your own home. With dedication and a little creativity, your tropical aquarium will not only bring beauty and tranquility to your living space but also provide endless wonder and fascination for years to come.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://chapters.cnps.org/redbud/gardening/growing-native-plants/", "date": "2023-12-05T08:37:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100550.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205073336-20231205103336-00161.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9148792624473572, "token_count": 3538, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__24898208", "lang": "en", "text": "When you bring new native plants home from the native-plant sale or nursery, they look so healthy and happy. You want to plant them and nurture them so they grow into maturity, remaining healthy and happy. We’ve provided tips and links on transplanting and on watering, to help you establish new native plants successfully.\nAs anyone who’s been gardening for a while will admit, you’re bound to have a mix of successes and failures. Learn from them both, and add more native plants to your garden when the season is right!\nEstablishing New Native Plants\nCare for Young Native Plants\nYour native plants are ready to plant. As for any nursery stock, when you bring these plants into the landscape, they need careful attention during their establishment period (usually two to three years).\nThe default for natives is to plant them where they’ll have good drainage, though many riparian and meadow plants tolerate more slowly draining habitat.\nDo not add any amendments when planting native plants. You can work a bit of full decomposed homemade compost into the soil completely surrounding the area, not just the hole. But avoid doing this for chaparral plants, as they naturally live in soil where they take up nutrients very slowly.\nDig the hole twice as wide and as deep as the plant’s container. Build up a little mound of soil in the center of the hole, for the plant to sit on. Many native plants are quite sensitive to planting height. Make sure the crown is ½-inch above soil level, once you’ve tamped in the soil.\nAs with all garden planting, plants suffer less transplant stress if they are planted in the cooler parts of a warm day. Soak the newly planted plant thoroughly; some say this is the deepest watering you’ll ever give your new plant.\nBuild a small berm, away from the plant’s crown but close enough to the plant to help keep water around root ball. (In rainy seasons, adjust berms to allow water to drain away.)\nMuch Ado About Mulch\nMany plants do better when mulched. When you mulch around your plants, you’re reducing water evaporation, keeping soil cooler, and controlling weeds. The type of mulch you use should correspond with the plant’s natural habitat. For plants native to many of our local habitats, such as lower conifer forest and foothill woodlands, use wood chips or other wood mulch. For plants native to rockier habitats such as chaparral, however, use small, light-colored rock; these help reflect sunlight and are less likely to cause crown rot if they accidentally come in contact with plants.\nPlace mulch about three inches away from the base of the plant. Inspect this seasonally, as wind and gravity may cause some shifting. One thing I’ve learned since becoming active in Redbud is the importance of not covering all bare earth with mulch, however. Most species of native bees are ground nesting, and they need open soil in which to nest, so be sure to dedicate leave them some open ground, perhaps seasonally covered with wildflowers or under larger shrubs not bothered by weeds.\nResources on Establishing New Native Plants\nCalscape Native Plant Gardening Guide. Information on installing and watering new native plants, as well as on watering established plants\nPlanting California Natives. This CNPS webpage provides basics on planting natives, including recommendations for mulch types for plants native to various habitats, and how to mulch for plant health.\nWatering Native Plants\nEven if the plants you are taking home are drought-tolerant California natives (which most are), they still need water and care for the first couple of years. Because most plants do best if they are planted in the fall, when you purchase plants in the fall, the best option is to keep them in the shade and give them regular water until the weather cools and/or after the first couple of rains. Then you can transplant your young plants into their permanent homes. Because riparian plants want year-round watering, you may buy and plant them anytime.\nOnce in the ground, your new plants will need to be deeply watered weekly until rain takes over the job. Keep their root balls moist not soggy for the first three months.\nThen they will need watering once or twice a week during the hot months for the first couple of years until they have developed a more extensive root system. In general, stop watering bulbs when their leaves start to yellow. Let them go completely dormant from the first year; otherwise, they’ll rot. Just a few species, such as Leopard Lily and Camassia, like some summer moisture.\nAfter that, low-water plants should do fine with little or no water. Some species are completely drought-adapted and giving them any summer heightens their risk of disease. Oaks need no summer water; they’re susceptible to a fungus that grows only when warm and wet. So, in natural conditions, that fungus isn’t a threat; it becomes an issue only when people water under oaks during summer. Some low-water and drought-adapted plants are fine, and might even look better, if they get a deep soak of summer water monthly. Be sure to water before a period of hot weather rather than during it. Imagine what might happen to a parched plant if its roots reached hot water!\nWetland and riparian plants will need regular water through every summer, and most coastal species will need watering once or twice every two weeks during our hotter, inland summers. Remember, Calscape is good source of information about water needs of species, and which plants are particularly sensitive to summer water.\nWays to Water\nThe simplest way and most meditative way to water is to hold a hose. Of course, it’s hard to give plants a deep soak using this method, and it takes a lot of time, over and over, plus you’re fighting with hoses.\nOtherwise, you’ll want to install drip irrigation for most circumstances (except grasslands and meadows). We recommend using drip tubing with pre-installed pressure-compensating emitters. Encircle the plant with the tubing, placed out just at the outer edge of the rootball. As a plant grows, you can easily move the tubing farther from the plant, encouraging root growth. Individual emitters, formerly popular, are easy to install, but they get clogged easily, which too often allows plants to dry up and die without anyone noticing.\nTo establish grasslands and meadows, use overhead watering, such as sprinkler heads (the newer rotor heads are quite water efficient) or oscillating sprinklers\nHow to Water Your Native Plants. A comprehensive article about principles and options for watering native plants. From Tree of Life Nursery (San Juan Capistrano).\nPruning Native Plants\nOnce your native shrubs and trees have sprung up and taken on some real height and width, it’s important to know how and, critically, when to prune them. Proper pruning contributes to plant health and aesthetics, and it can help us as gardeners foster plants that live up to their full potential.\nCNPS provides a series of informative articles on pruning native plants, for which we’re particularly grateful, as detailed pruning information on California native plants can be challenging to track down:\n- Pruning Native Plants – Part 1: Basics. Native gardens sometimes need a bit of pruning. When you think about pruning any plant, ask yourself what do you want to change, and what do you want to achieve?\n- Pruning Native Plants – Part 2: Spring. Seasonally appropriate pruning and ideas for various garden styles. In the spring, there is time to learn the basics to healthy cuts and selecting the right tools.\n- Pruning Native Plants – Part 3: Woody plants. Proper pruning techniques can help enhance nature’s beauty. Take a look at woody California native plants and consider how pruning might best improve each plant.\n- Pruning Native Plants – Part 4: Fall and winter. Assessing a tree‘s health throughout the year is a crucial prerequisite to pruning. Here we learn the best techniques for pruning California native trees in the fall and winter.\nNew to pruning? The CNPS articles cover basic techniques and tools.\nAlready an accomplished pruner of non-native ornamentals and fruit trees? Find important concepts about pruning native plants. In particular, learn the best (and worst) times to prune specific families of California natives. Some should be pruned only in winter while dormant, some after leaves have appeared, and some after flowering.\nContainer Gardening with Native Plants\nContainer gardening lets us put native plants – with their magnificent shapes, textures, and colors – where we want. If you’re renting, or live in an apartment or condo, or have a lot of hard surface, like a big patio, you may be all the more likely to be interested in container gardening.\nThinking Different for Container Gardening\n- Selecting native species that are likely to succeed in a container\n- Using a potting mix that suits the plants you’re growing\n- Choosing a container that is a good size for the plants you’ve selected\n- Choosing a container made of a material that suits the climate where you live and the siting in your landscape (how much sun it gets)\n- Deciding on a way to water your container so your plant will have the reliable water it needs, bearing in mind that plants in containers need more water than plants in the ground\nThrillers, Spillers and Fillers\nResources for Container Gardening with Native Plants\nGeneral Resources About Gardening with Natives\nArticles, presentations, and other resources about gardening with native plants sometimes include more than one topic covered on our Redbud website. We’ve included some of the most useful here, in hopes you’ll find this list convenient. If you have suggestions for additional resources, please let us know, at firstname.lastname@example.org.\nRecorded Redbud Presentations\nWe’ve been recording our Zoom presentations and posting them on our Redbud YouTube channel. Here are some that are particularly relevant to gardening with natives.\nWhat Makes Native Gardening Special? Explore how gardening with California native plants differs from gardening with regular nursery plants, with Redbud member and Nevada County Master Gardener Chrissy Freeman. This presentation covers how native plants, particularly local natives, contribute to the ecosystem, from the soil to insects to birds and other fauna. See special landscape design considerations and opportunities that using native plants in your landscape offers. Learn about gardening best practices specific to natives. Chrissy shares photos of a variety of native-plant gardens and the plants that live in them.\nLearning Even More About Your Favorite Local Native Plants Using Calflora. Calflora’s Executive Director Cynthia Powell discusses new Calflora tools for CNPS Calflora users. Calflora’s plant database hosts over 2 million plant occurrences, some of which come directly from Redbud CNPS members (including prolific Jeff Bisbee and Hannah Kang!). Cynthia covers Calflora’s new iNaturalist data feed, plant photo project, planting guide, population monitoring tools, email alerts, and entering Chapter checklists into Calflora.\nRecorded Presentations by Others\nMaster Gardeners of Nevada County record their Zoom workshops and post the recordings and associated handouts. Some of their relevant presentations include:\n- Living with Deer as a Foothill Gardener\n- Garden Makeover: From Lawn to Landscape\n- Bringing Native Plants Into Your Garden, Part 1: Why and How to Garden with Native Plants. Good for beginning and experienced gardeners. Particular attention to plants for local pollinators.\n- Bringing Native Plants Into Your Garden, Part 2: The Beauty and Power of Locally Native Plants. What does “locally native” mean? The special benefits of locally native plants, and designing with local plant communities.\nBooks on Gardening with Natives\nThis list could go on for pages, so we’ll limit ourselves to just the books that more folks have recommended as helpful in their native gardening efforts. (Starred books are particularly helpful for finding “the right plant for the right place.”)\n*Bornstein, Carol, David Fross and Bart O’Brien. California Native Plants for the Garden. Cachuma Press, 2005. Filled with photos and descriptions of specific native species and named varieties. Lists plants for a wide assortment of circumstances, including allergenic plants, aromatic foliage, fast- and slow-growing plants, under oak trees, etc. Also Reimagining the California Lawn. Cachuma Press, 2011.\nFrankie, Gordon W., Robbin W. Thorp, Rollin E. Coville, and Barbara Ertter. California Bees & Blooms: A Guide for Gardeners and Naturalists. Heyday: Berkeley, CA. California’s multiple types of bees, their natural enemies, and plant profiles for many of California’s best bee attractants, including their flowering season.\nFunk, Alicia, and Karin Kaufman. Living Wild: Gardening, Cooking and Healing with Native Plants of California. Flicker Press, Second Edition, 2013. Written by local authors and full of interesting information, including how to grow specific plants and how to use them as food.\nKeator, Glenn and Alrie Middlebrook, Designing California Native Gardens. University of California Press, 2007. Uses the plant-community approach to design artful, ecological gardens. Discusses where to go to see the plants growing and where to buy them.\nLarner, Judith, Gardening with a Wild Heart. University of California Press, 1999. Combines personal story, wildland ecology, restoration gardening practices, and California native plant horticulture.\nLarner, Judith, The Landscaping Ideas of Jays, University of California Press, 2007. Lyrical yet practical guide to backyard restoration gardening; celebrating the beauty, challenges and rewards of growing native plants at home.\n*Nevada County Master Gardeners. Western Nevada County Gardening Guide. 2020 Edition. All about gardening in the Sierra foothills, with good chapters on native plants and on soils.\nPopper, Helen. California Native Gardening: A Month-by-Month Guide. University of California Press, 2012. Like chatting with an experienced gardener, with many hints for the ongoing care of plants.\n*Redbud Chapter, California Native Plant Society. Trees and Shrubs of Nevada and Placer Counties, California. Redbud Chapter, 2014. Comprehensive text and definitive photos for plant identification. The “Comments” section on each plant is helpful in understanding the plant and its needs. Also Wildflowers of Nevada and Placer Counties, California. Redbud Chapter, 2017. A comprehensive guide to local wildflowers with good photos and text to help with identification. Includes directions for hiking trails to view wildflowers.\n*Rubin, Greg, and Warren, Lucy. The Drought-Defying California Garden: 230 Native Plants for a Lush, Low-Water Landscape. Timber Press. 2016. Great tips on how to establish and maintain 230 native plants that work well in the garden. Detailed info on each species; oriented toward plant communities.\nRubin, Greg, and Warren, Lucy. The California Native Landscape: The Homeowner’s Design Guide to Restoring Its Beauty and Balance. Portland: Timber Press. 2013. Though a Southern California orientation influences the native plants and plant communities discussed, these authors also provide strong coverage on design principles and garden style options, installation, and pests and diseases.\nSchmidt, Marjorie G. and Katherine Greenberg. Growing California Native Plants. University of California Press, Second Edition, 2012. An updated classic source for growing and propagating natives, with lists of plants for a variety of conditions.\n*Smith, M. Nevin. Native Treasures: Gardening with the Plants of California. University of California Press, 2006. A retired California horticulturalist has written about his favorite native plants and selected varieties, helping with plant decisions and giving cultural advice.\nTallamy, Douglas W. Bringing Nature Home: How You Can Sustain Wildlife with Native Plants. Timber Press, 2007. As an entomologist, the author explains the importance of native plants versus exotic plants for the survival of our ecosystem. Plant lists at the back of the book are specific to geographical areas in the United States.\nTallamy, Douglas W. Nature’s Best Hope: A New Approach to Conservation that Starts in Your Yard. Timber Press, 2020. Tallamy shows how homeowners everywhere can turn their yards into conservation corridors that provide wildlife habitats.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.lmmhri.com/procedures-and-treatments/", "date": "2023-09-25T02:32:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506676.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925015430-20230925045430-00735.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9496902227401733, "token_count": 1167, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__43322490", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Brandon Ross uses one of only two ARTAS robots in San Diego County to perform a state-of-the-art hair restoration surgery. The robotic-assisted follicular unit extraction procedure is the latest advancement in the field of surgical hair restoration. Dr. Ross is an expert is hair restoration surgery, with over 13 years of experience in the field. The ARTAS system enhances his ability to provide for the precise extraction of follicular units from the donor area of the head (back and sides). Using advanced software, the ARTAS system allows Dr. Ross to map every hair follicle in the donor region and accurately select exactly which follicles he would like to implant to the balding area.\nAnother great option for follicular unit extraction surgery is a handheld device called the Devroye Hybrid Tornado Punch. We feel this unit yields far superior grafts than similar handheld devices, such as NeoGraft, because it avoids suction-stretching and rotational flaying of the follicles when harvesting. Using this device, Dr. Ross carefully selects and removes individual follicles from the back and sides of the head. Unlike with the ARTAS-assisted surgery, the handheld device allows for a larger sized surgery because all areas of the donor region are suitable for harvesting follicles. While Dr. Ross can attain tremendous results with this method, the duration is longer because of the lack of automation.\nFor those patients that desire a maximum number of transplants, but also a have a desire to utilize the most advanced technology, a combination surgery is the best option. For this method, Dr. Ross uses the ARTAS robotic technique to extract follicles from the mid-occipital region of the scalp, moving forward laterally. He then uses the Devroye handheld device to reach the additional areas in the donor region that the ARTAS machine is unable to reach (upper and lower occipital regions, temporoauricular areas).\nIn the hands of an experienced surgeon, the traditional strip method of surgery can lead to excellent natural results. Dr. Ross has performed thousands of surgeries with millions of grafts and attains excellent results with this method. With a FUT procedure, a strip of tissue is removed from the back of the head, which is subsequently dissected under microscopes into single follicles for the transplantation.\nDr. Ross now offers stem cell therapy for the treatment of hair loss. Stem cells are healing cells that can divide and proliferate into new tissue- including hair follicles.Stem cell therapy is non-surgical and non-invasive, with no down time afterwards. Most importantly, this form of treatment may be effective for many hair loss patients who have traditionally been poor candidates for hair restoration surgery because of poor donor hair or the global hair loss pattern seen in some forms of female pattern loss. Treatments are equally effective for men and women.\nPlatelet Rich Plasma therapy is another treatment option at La Mesa Medical Hair Restoration. Like stem cell therapy this treatment is non-surgical, non-invasive, and has no down time.\nPRP therapy involves drawing the patient’s blood and using a centrifuge to isolate the platelets and their associated cytokines and growth factors (the PRP).\nThe platelet rich plasma is then injected into the thinning areas of the patient’s scalp, which promotes healing and hair growth. While this method of treating hair loss gained more attention in recent years, Dr. Ross was conducting studies on the benefits of platelet rich plasma for hair loss as far back as 2007.\nPropecia (finasteride): The drug Propecia (FDA approval in 1997) has shown to be effective at slowing down or halting the process of hair loss caused by male pattern baldness. It does do by inhibiting an enzyme called 5-Alpha Reductase, which is responsible for the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, or DHT. The working theory is that most, if not all, hair loss due to male pattern baldness is a result of DHT binding to its receptors on susceptible follicles and inhibiting their growth. Since DHT receptors are mostly found on follicles on the top of the head, this is the area where the DHT causes the hair to fall out. Propecia lowers the total body DHT levels, thereby reducing the inhibition caused by DHT (double negative equals a positive). The end result is less hair loss for most males.\nRogaine (minoxidil): Rogaine (FDA approval in 1988) is the only other medication which has gained FDA approval for the treatment of hair loss. It is available as a clear liquid solution, and more recently as a mousse-like foam, which is applied directly to the scalp twice daily. This medication has proven to be safe and well tolerated. Minoxidil was used to treat hypertension prior to its use as a treatment for hair loss. Its ability to reduce hair loss and grow small hairs was subsequently seen as a side effect. After this discovery, it began being marketed as a hair growth medicine in its topical form. While minoxidil can stimulate increased blood flow to the scalp, this is unlikely to be the mechanism by which it grows hairs. The more likely scenario is that it activates some cellular receptor which still remains a mystery. Unfortunately, the hairs which may grow as a result of applying minoxidil are usually very small and have a tendency to shed soon after the medication is stopped. On a more positive note, minoxidil can be used to treat female hair loss in addition to male pattern baldness.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://transformativebirth.wordpress.com/placenta-encapsulation/", "date": "2019-06-18T23:35:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627998844.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20190618223541-20190619005541-00313.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.909040093421936, "token_count": 608, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__100477606", "lang": "en", "text": "· Balance your hormones\n· Increase milk supply · Combat Fatigue\n· Increase your energy\n· Recover more quickly from childbirth\n· Replenish what was lost during childbirth\n· Bring the body back into balance\n· Prevent and treat the “baby blues”\n· Shorten postnatal bleeding time\n· Increase postnatal iron levels\nStudies show that placenta is rich in nutrients, high in iron, protein, vitamins and minerals, and your own natural hormones. Those hormones are perfectly made by you, for you. Experts agree that the placenta retains hormones, and thus reintroducing them to your system may ease hormonal fluctuations in the postpartum period.\nThe placenta is an endocrine organ, meaning that it produces hormones. The placenta produces hormones beginning around 6 weeks gestation and increases production through the third trimester of pregnancy. By the end of the third trimester a woman’s hormone levels at three times her non-pregnant self. Then, in contrast, by day 4 or 5 postpartum a mother’s hormone levels drop below normal levels. This is a dramatic shift to happen with a matter of days and this is why so many women experience “the baby blues,” in those first few weeks. Amazingly the placenta produces many hormones that are still contained within after birth that aide with postpartum healing and balance:\n• Prolactin: promotes lactation\n• Oxytocin: for pain and bonding; also known as the “love” hormone\n• Interferon: stimulates the immune system to protect against infection\n• Thyroid Stimulating Hormone: boosts energy and helps recover from stressful events\n• Cortisone: combats stress and unlocks stores of energy\n• Hemoglobin: replenishes iron deficiency and anemia\n• Gammaglobulin: immune booster that helps protect against postpartum infections\n• Urokinase Inhibiting Factor & Factor XIII: stops bleeding and enhances wound healing\nI offer placenta encapsulation as an add on service for my doula clients and to those who only need help with encapsulation. I take your placenta home from your birthing location and use the Traditional Chinese Medicine method of steaming, drying, and grinding your placenta before encapsulation. I can do this in either your home or mine depending on your preference. I typically am able to return the pills to you within 48 hours of receiving your placenta. I can also include placenta prints and a keepsake bag for your umbilical cord which is dried and preserved.\nMy standard fee for encapsulation is $95 and is offered at a reduced rate for doula clients. I do believe that placenta medicine should be available to all women so please inquire if you cannot afford my standard rate. I am also happy to teach people how to encapsulate on their own because this tradition belongs to all women.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cellavos.com/", "date": "2023-09-27T11:39:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510297.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927103312-20230927133312-00737.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9456098675727844, "token_count": 319, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__20551854", "lang": "en", "text": "Developing innovative treatments for horses\nCellavos AB developed a technology in which MSCs derived from the bone marrow of donor horses are expanded in laboratory conditions to get enough cells to treat a number of horses.\nWhat we do\nCellavos AB was founded in 2016 with the aim to develop innovative treatments for horses based on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). The company developed a technology in which MSCs derived from the bone marrow of donor horses are expanded in laboratory conditions to get enough cells to treat a number of horses.\nMore than 300 horses have been treated for various diseases (chronic gonitis, arthrosis, desmitis, tendinitis etc. ) in a preclinical study with 84 % success rate. The results from those treatments form a stable base for a clinical development program aiming at registered products. Cellavos has its own laboratory in Sweden with a standardized methodology strictly regulated by SOPs.\nThere are MSC-based products registered on the market for veterinary applications, but the opinion is that they present limits, therefore superior products are needed.\nA clinical program is under development and a clinical network has been established.\nFor a second generation of products Cellavos envision a therapy based on MSCs derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are considered to be the messengers bringing several of the therapeutic effects of MSCs. Such products would be easier to transport, store and administer for the veterinarians.\nCellavos is a subsidiary (65 %) to Takura AB", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.rwpt.co.uk/pregnancyandexercise.htm", "date": "2020-05-24T22:19:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347385193.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20200524210325-20200525000325-00026.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.95505690574646, "token_count": 249, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__49149641", "lang": "en", "text": "Your qualified RWPT pre and post natal exercise instructor is specially trained to assess your needs and give safe effective exercise advice when you are pregnant and after the birth.\nPregnancy exercise (antenatal or prenatal exercise)\nHormonal factors, alongside the changes in the shape of your body mean that specialised exercise techniques need to be considered, but you can still enjoy effective exercise sessions throughout your pregnancy. There is a wealth of evidence showing that women who exercise during their pregnancy reap the benefits in terms of: -\nAfter the strains of pregnancy and labour, you need to make careful and informed exercise choices. Did you know that the hormone relaxin, which softens ligaments and joints can remain in the body for up to 6 months post-partum? With the demands of motherhood, Rob Woollen Personal Training have designed exercise sessions where you can bring baby along - making it easier to find time to exercise without having to worry about being away from your little one. Exercising after the birth (post-partum) has a host of benefits such as: -\nRob is a fully qualified YMCA pre/post natal exercise instructor - call now for more details\non 0800 2 888 974", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://simplybepaws.com/can-dogs-eat-cactus/", "date": "2023-02-01T16:10:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499946.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230201144459-20230201174459-00730.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9493573904037476, "token_count": 1290, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__208175878", "lang": "en", "text": "There are a lot of things that people don’t know about cactus and dogs. For example, can dogs eat cactus? The answer is yes, but there are a few things you should know before feeding your dog cactus. In this blog post, we’ll go over everything you need to know about cactus and dogs.\nCan Dogs Eat Cactus?\nCactus is a succulent plant that is native to hot, dry climates such as the desert. The plant is adapted to these conditions by storing water in its leaves, stems, and roots. This ability to store water makes the cactus a popular choice for landscaping in dry climates.\nCactus is not toxic to dogs, but it can cause stomach upset if they eat too much of it. If your dog eats a small amount of cactus, it may experience diarrhoea or vomiting. However, these symptoms should subside within a day or two and your dog should be back to its normal self.\nIt’s important to note that not all cacti are created equal. The type of cactus that you find in your backyard is not the same as the type of cactus that is used in Mexican food. If you’re unsure what type of cactus your dog ate, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and contact your veterinarian.\nWhy Do Dogs Love To Eat Cactus?\nFirst, all dogs are naturally curious. If they see something new, they’re going to want to check it out. This curiosity often leads to them putting things in their mouths, which is how they figure out if something is edible or not.\nIn addition, the cactus is a type of plant that contains a lot of water. Dogs are attracted to plants that contain water because they know that it’s a good source of hydration.\nWhich Cactus Is Poisonous To Dogs?\nThere are many different types of cactus, but not all of them are safe for dogs to eat. The following types of cactus are poisonous to dogs and should be avoided:\n- Prickly pear cactus: This type of cactus is also known as the Indian fig cactus and is native to Mexico, the Caribbean, and parts of South America. The plant is easily recognizable by its large, flat leaves that are covered in sharp spines. The prickly pear cactus produces a fruit that is often used in Mexican cuisine. However, the plant is also poisonous to dogs. If your dog eats this type of cactus, it may experience vomiting, diarrhoea, and kidney failure.\n- Saguaro cactus: The saguaro cactus is a type of tree-like cactus that is native to the Sonoran Desert in Arizona, California, and Mexico. This cactus can grow to be over 75 feet tall and can live for over 200 years. The saguaro cactus is poisonous to dogs if they eat the fruit of the plant. The fruit of the plant contains a toxic compound that can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, and kidney failure in dogs.\n- Cholla cactus: The cholla cactus is a type of cactus that is native to the southwestern United States and Mexico. This cactus is easily recognizable by its long, cylindrical stems that are covered in sharp spines.\n- Barrel cactus: The barrel cactus is a type of cactus that is native to the deserts of the southwestern United States and Mexico. This cactus is easily recognizable by its round shape and the spines that cover its surface.\nCactus Nutritional Value for Dogs\nThere is a lot of debate over the nutritional value of cactus for dogs. While some people believe that cactus is a healthy treat for dogs, others believe that it is not nutritious and can even be dangerous.\nThe truth is, there is no definitive answer. Cactus does contain a small number of nutrients, including vitamins A and C, potassium, and fibre. However, the plant is mostly composed of water and is not a significant source of nutrition for dogs.\nIn addition, some cacti contain toxic compounds that can be harmful to dogs. For example, the prickly pear cactus contains a compound called saponin, which can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, and kidney failure in dogs.\nTherefore, it is important to use caution when feeding cactus to your dog. If you decide to give your dog cactus, do so in moderation and make sure to remove any spines or other sharp objects before feeding. As always, if you have any concerns, please contact your veterinarian.\nHow to Feed Cactus to Your Dog?\nIf you want to feed cactus to your dog, it is important to do so safely. Here are a few tips:\n- Choose a safe cactus. Avoid feeding your dog any type of cactus that is poisonous or contains sharp objects, such as spines or thorns.\n- Remove all spines or other sharp objects from the cactus before feeding it to your dog.\n- Feed cactus to your dog in moderation. Cactus is not a significant source of nutrition and should only be given as a treat.\n- Monitor your dog closely after they eat the cactus. If they experience any adverse reaction, such as vomiting or diarrhoea, contact your veterinarian immediately.\n- Store cactus safely out of reach of your dog. This will help prevent them from accidentally eating the plant.\nCactus can be a safe and healthy treat for dogs when fed in moderation. However, it is important to choose a safe cactus and remove any spines or other sharp objects before feeding. If you have any concerns, please contact your veterinarian.\nCactus is not poisonous to dogs, however excessive consumption might induce gastrointestinal distress. Small amounts of cactus may cause diarrhoea and vomiting in dogs. However, these symptoms should fade within two days, and your dog should return to normal within a week.\nWe hope this article has answered your question, “Can dogs eat cactus?” As we said before, the answer is yes, but there are a few things you should know first. If you have any concerns, contact your veterinarian immediately.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://americanfarmandranch.com/News/GetNews/179/RareRedWolvesInDanger", "date": "2019-03-20T15:56:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912202433.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20190320150106-20190320172106-00546.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9614708423614502, "token_count": 149, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__28888848", "lang": "en", "text": "July 2nd , 2018 By Erik Vance\nThe red wolf, which once roamed all the way from Texas to New York, has dwindled to a wild population of around 35, found only in one peninsula in eastern North Carolina. On Wednesday, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposed allowing landowners to legally kill those wolves once they leave the confines of a small protected area known as Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge.\nThe proposal was panned by wildlife experts. The agency has “all but pulled the plug on the species,” says Michael Chamberlain, a biologist at the University of Georgia who has studied the animals for more than a decade.\nTo read the full article on the National Geographic website, click here.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://hs.hasdpa.net/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=1240699&type=d&pREC_ID=1473876", "date": "2024-04-20T23:20:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817688.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420214757-20240421004757-00597.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9556796550750732, "token_count": 233, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__55322784", "lang": "en", "text": "Health & Phys Ed Department\nHealth class is designed to encourage each student to develop and adopt positive healthy attitudes and behaviors through acquisition of knowledge and application of life skills. Educational experiences promote a lifestyle that considers the health and wellness of individuals, families, and communities. Units include: wellness, nutrition, reproduction, diseases, and drugs. It also covers district mandates of CPR and vaping education. This course is suggested for, but not limited to Grade 10 students. It is a graduation requirement.\nThe goal of the high school physical education program is to develop physically literate individuals who have the knowledge, skills, and confidence to enjoy a lifetime of healthful physical activity.\nAnatomy & Physiology\nThe goal of the Anatomy and Physiology program is to introduce students to human anatomy with an emphasis on the systems of the body and how they are interrelated. The courses offered work to develop an anatomical vocabulary for the structure and function of the human body as well as study the physiological performance of the body and how each system is affected during lab work. Career opportunities for the health science field will be discussed through lecture and guest speakers.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://maintje.smugmug.com/Johan/Trip-to-london-by-coach-Johan/i-nPngpDs", "date": "2020-02-21T04:32:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145438.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20200221014826-20200221044826-00035.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9425159096717834, "token_count": 126, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__183639053", "lang": "en", "text": "Kew Gardens is the world's largest collection of living plants. Founded in 1840 from the exotic garden at Kew Park in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, UK, its living collections include more than 30,000 different kinds of plants, while the herbarium, which is one of the largest in the world, has over seven million preserved plant specimens. The library contains more than 750,000 volumes, and the illustrations collection contains more than 175,000 prints and drawings of plants. It is one of London's top tourist attractions. In 2003, the gardens were put on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://smeg91.blogspot.com/p/information-facts-how-to-help.html", "date": "2018-06-25T03:49:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267867424.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20180625033646-20180625053646-00376.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9551841020584106, "token_count": 241, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__121670652", "lang": "en", "text": "- CF is one of the UK's most common life-threatening inherited diseases. It affects over 9,000 people in the UK.\n- Over 2 million people in the UK carries the faulty gene that causes CF that is around 1 in 25 of the population\n- If 2 carriers have a child then there is a 1 in 4 chance of their baby having CF.\n- CF affects the internal organs, especially the lungs and digestive system, clogging them with thick sticky mucus which makes it hard to breath and digest food.\n- Each week 5 babies are born with Cystic Fibrosis, and 2 young lives are lost to Cystic Fibrosis.\nIf you would like all the information on CF and find of ways to help fund raise please visit www.cftrust.org.uk\nWould you take an organ if you need one, nearly everyone would. But only 29% of people have joined the organ donation register.\nMore than 10,000 people in the UK currently need a transplant, 1000 of these, each year (3 a day) will die whilst still waiting as there are not enough organs available.\nJust ONE organ donor can save up to 8 lives.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://quantumhealingparadigms.wordpress.com/2020/02/", "date": "2020-07-09T05:10:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655898347.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20200709034306-20200709064306-00442.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9266362190246582, "token_count": 477, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__107685640", "lang": "en", "text": "Sleep disorders are broadly classified into dyssomnias, parasomnias, circadian rhythm sleep disorders involving the timing of sleep, and other disorders including ones caused by medical or psychological conditions. The most common sleep disorder is insomnia, to which there are both cognitive and physical causes which are addressed at IHM consecutively.\nEssentially poor sleep quality is defined as not reaching stage 3 or stage 4 sleep which both have important restorative properties necessary for health.\nWhen a person has trouble getting to sleep and hence awakening at a desired time, but has a normal sleep pattern once asleep, a Circadian disorder is likely the cause.\nREM sleep disorder is a parasomnia and a predictor of neurodegenerative disease including prion like Synucleinopathy.\nExternal audio and photonic stimulation have effects that can reduce sleep pathologies related to Insomnia, Circadian disorders and REM sleep disorders.\nThe Neuro-biophysical treatment at IHM uses a closed-loop method which employs electroencephalographic (EEG) data. EEG activity is monitored and modulates the audio and photonic stimulation. This approach provides concurrent real-time EEG training.\nThe application of this form of treatment requires a clinician for electrode placement and for stimulating frequency setting. The required frequencies are transmitted through sensory neural pathways to the thalamus and where the audio and visual sensory information is processed. From there, the activity is distributed throughout other limbic areas and the cerebral cortex via the cortical thalamic loop which produces the endogenous electrical response in the brain in relation to the frequency plus the mathematical representation of the stimulus per wave shape.\nThe risk of developing a sleep disorder in the elderly is especially increased for REM sleep behavior disorders, insomnia and circadian rhythm disturbances.\nInsomnia has also shown to be 40% more common in women than in men, suggesting a hormonal imbalance especially during the perimenopausal years.\nOver all, the treatment is experienced as relaxing for the patient. The effects are carried over to help the patient with going to sleep and duration of sleep at night and with improvements in memory and immune system health through recuperative sleep, thereby protecting against disease.\nStudies confirm that the treatment produces both transient and lasting changes in the EEG.\nThe Journal of Neurotherapy, 6(1), 47-70 & 8(4), 25-42.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.millesima.sg/chateau-galoupet.html", "date": "2022-06-29T13:10:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103639050.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220629115352-20220629145352-00269.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8875640630722046, "token_count": 817, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__181971713", "lang": "en", "text": "The wish is to create a sanctuary for biodiversity in Provence, all while bringing exceptional terroir wines to life that are able to inspire a new generation of winegrowers and wine lovers. After dedicating three years to regenerating the soils, nourishing the vines and restoring the estate’s natural biodiversity, the first Rosé de Provence in organic conversion by the Château is now available: Château Galoupet Cru Classé Rosé 2021\nIt is an outstanding, exemplary wine, which is true to the Château Galoupet spirit more than anything, one of only 18 Provence Crus Classés since 1955. Managing viticulture from start to finish and transparency of sustainable practices at each stage of blending produces exceptional expression of the unique terroir that is Provence. All with the greatest respect of the environment, from soil to glass.\nThe roots of Château Galoupet run deep into the heart of Crystalline Provence, one of the oldest geological formations in the region. It enjoys a microclimate with three soil compositions specific to the region, which are reflected in the multiple expressions of Château Galoupet wine.\nFrom the vineyard to the cellar, the harvests to the delicate processes of maturing and blending, the precision and care taken for each operation enables the best to be taken from each of the estate’s 41 plots and 6 grape varieties.\nChâteau Galoupet aspires to become a sanctuary for biodiversity thanks to its unique ecosystem and 90 species of flora and fauna. As such, the estate is home to 150 beehives and one of the 12 queen bee fertilisation stations in the world.\nChâteau Galoupet overlooks the Golden islands on the Côte d'Azur, and its sixty-nine hectares of vineyards and 77 hectares of protected wild woodland are a sanctuary for biodiversity. It is a model for organic viticulture and a pioneer for sustainability.\nOnly grapes from the estate are used to make Château Galoupet Cru Classé 2021 Rosé. It delicately blends the 6 grape varieties grown on the estate, particularly Tibouren, a rare, ancestral grape variety with intense aromas which the Romans brought to Provence. It is a pure terroir wine, with a rich and naturally aromatic palette of Provence.\nIt is complex and intense on the nose, with aromas of citrus and white fruit, bitter almonds and delicate floral aromas. It is full-bodied and layered with a long, mineral finish, perfect for enjoying with all meals, from aperitif to a spicy green curry, via lamb chops with rosemary.\nGrenache: 49%, Syrah: 15%, Tibouren: 15%, Rolle: 12%, Cinsault: 7%, Mourvèdre/Cabernet/Sémillon: 2%\nChâteau Galoupet has been converting to organic since 2020, and aims to offer exceptional and exemplary expression of the unique terroir that is Provence, in the greatest respect of the environment, from soil to glass.\nChâteau Galoupet undertakes to preserve its unique ecosystem all while nourishing the biodiversity of 77 hectares of protected woodland and 69 hectares of vines. The fact the estate has more protected woodland than vines means it is a local sanctuary for biodiversity. Agroforestry and using plant cover to contribute to regenerating the site naturally are among the sustainable practices the Château Galoupet team have brought in.\nIn terms of “glass”, Château Galoupet Cru Classé Rosé 2021 is bottled in a brown glass bottle, which uses 70% recycled glass (against 0% for clear glass) and which only weighs 499 grams, i.e. 271 grams less than average rosé bottles.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.cnascientific.com/3d-printing-organs/", "date": "2017-10-18T14:54:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187822992.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20171018142658-20171018162658-00616.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9621213674545288, "token_count": 414, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__121651824", "lang": "en", "text": "A little while ago, we wrote a blog about the advances Medicine was making with the use of 3D Printers. The use of these devices seem boundless. From the custom order of prosthetics to micro-organs!\nYou heard right, doctors are now using 3D printers in a new technique that could allow them to eventually print organs for transplant patients. Over the last decade, the use of embryonic stem cells has been quite the scandalous topic. But, the use of these cells has made possible some pretty huge leaps in medical technology and medicine because of their regenerative properties and ability to develop into any kind of organ.\nBeforehand, 3D printers were only able to create small mounds or flat arrays of cells. This made it hard for the developing cells to develop and grow. Now, researchers have created a way for 3D Printers to lay down layers of embryonic stem cells to create a 3D object. In theory, these layers would be able to be used to create living tissue, and potentially even micro-organs.\nTests have been very successful with nearly ninety percent of cells surviving the printing process and generating the kind of proteins that would be expected from healthy embryonic stem cells. Researchers were also able to successfully break down the hydrogel 3D structure in order to harvest said embryonic cells for future use.\nIn the US alone, more than 123,000 men, women, and children currently need lifesaving organ transplants. Even with the advancement of medicine over the last decade and donation, the demand for organ, eye and tissue donation still vastly exceeds the number of donors. With the development of this new technique, the possibilities are endless. The ability to create an organ, in itself is something right out of science fiction. But with the development of organs from scratch, there is also the decrease in the chance that an organ will reject its recipient.\n3D printing is taking the medical field by storm, one could only hope that developments like these only continue to advance the medical field for generations to come.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://urbanpestspecialists.com.au/cockroach/", "date": "2022-06-26T20:07:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103271864.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220626192142-20220626222142-00772.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9608973264694214, "token_count": 241, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__59337024", "lang": "en", "text": "Cockroaches are insects belonging to order of Blattodea.\nCockroaches are highly successful and primitive, their origins date back at least 300 million years. Fossil evidence shows that there has been little change in their body form since that time.\nCockroaches will eat virtually anything living amongst humans. They scavenge in cracks and crevices throughout our houses and kitchens potentially spreading diseases.\nThe Female can produce between 12-40 eggs, depending on the conditions and the species. Adult life span may be a few months to over a year.\nInfestations of cockroaches are typically found around buildings and anywhere that provides food, water, and shelter. A commercial kitchen can harbour hundreds of cockroaches even thousands at any time of their development.\nCockroaches and the health threat to humans is serious, they are known to carry on their cuticle, in their gut and faeces disease organisms that affect humans. A variety of disease organism’s may be found including salmonella, dysentery, tuberculosis, and hepatitis.\nIf you have a cockroach problem, please contact Urban pest specialists: 0400 121 241", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.masu.org/issuesandadvocacy/newsfeeds/featuredstoriesaroundhighereducation/mid/436/newsid436/373/", "date": "2017-09-19T15:32:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818685850.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170919145852-20170919165852-00514.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9033335447311401, "token_count": 526, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__186081209", "lang": "en", "text": "October 21, 2010/GLITR\nThe spread of invasive species is a global problem that significantly impacts both the economy and environment. Stopping these ecological invaders remains a challenge to scientists and managers who are developing new control strategies.\nEastern Michigan University, in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge, recently was awarded $487,000 to expand upon previous work that evaluated the extent of the invasion of the common reed (Phragmites australis) in the refuge, quantified initial control efforts, and measured short-term effects of this plant invasion on water quality.\nIn the Great Lakes Basin Ecosystem, coastal wetlands support a number of critical ecosystem services, including wildlife and waterfowl habitat. These wetlands are threatened not only by the aggressive spread of the common reed, but also the purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) and the aquatic alga (Lyngbya).\nThe National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service, Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment Program, awarded the grant.\nIn the coming year, EMU’s Institute for Geospatial Research and Education, the Biology Department, and the Geography and Geology Department will expand the project’s scope to include multiple invasive species that currently impair the refuge’s economic and environmental.\nPhase II will look at multiple problematic invasive species in the International Wildlife Refuge, and long-term assessment of the refuge’s common weed and other invasive species control efforts.\nThese efforts will involve on-the-ground surveys, water quality analysis, as well as remote satellite detection of invasive species, mapping of their locations, and management decision support through advanced Geographic Information Systems technology. The pilot GIS portal can be viewed at – http://mapservices.igre.emich.edu/DRIWR/\n“U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is very fortunate to be working on this collaborative research project with EMU researchers and graduate students to better understand ecosystems processes, prioritize management efforts, evaluate effectiveness of management actions, and lay the foundation for tracking long-term changes,” said Dr. John Hartig, refuge manager of the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge. “Data and information from EMU’s research are already being used to control Phragmites at our Strong Unit and help track the effectiveness of wetland restoration at the Refuge Gateway and Brancheau Unit.”\n(c) 2010, WWJ Newsradio 950. All rights reserved.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://achisonsafety.com.vn/en/san-pham/disposable-mask-n95-3m-1860/", "date": "2023-10-03T03:57:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511053.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003024646-20231003054646-00231.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8327584266662598, "token_count": 300, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__238161863", "lang": "en", "text": "This healthcare respirator is designed to help provide respiratory protection for the wearer. It meets CDC guidelines for Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure control. As a disposable particulate respirator, it is intended to help reduce wearer exposure to certain airborne particles including those generated by electrocautery, laser surgery, and other powered medical instruments. As a surgical mask, it is designed to be fluid resistant to splash and spatter of blood and other infectious materials.\nThe 3M 1860 disposable N95 standard mask helps protect the wearer’s respiratory tract. 3M 1860 meets CDC guidelines for virus exposure control for exposure to certain airborne particles, surgery, and other assisted medical devices.\nLabor protection, respiratory protection. Used as a mask in the laboratory, operating room, hospital, medical\nHelps protect from certain airborne biological particles\nStandard N95 3M 1860 mask with a face-hugging connection, with a head strap\nCup ring design\nNo breathing valve\nFilter technology: 3M . advanced electrostatic filter technology\nN95 (Niosh 95), FDA Cleared, CDC\nASTM F2101 99% BFE\n– Agriculture, Biology, Packaging\n– Hospital, medical, emergency , laboratory, foundry, grinding and cutting\n– Petroleum, minerals, garment", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.subzerotech.com/electronics/applications-non-contact-laser-vibrometry/", "date": "2023-11-30T18:41:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100229.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130161920-20231130191920-00716.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9479249715805054, "token_count": 464, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__215457307", "lang": "en", "text": "Laser vibrometry is a technology that has allowed scientists to significantly expand the areas in which they can research vibrations. Vibration sensors that are mounted onto the object that is being studied have existed for some time, but they have the distinct disadvantage of potentially interfering with the vibrational motion of the item due to the physical contact that is required. Here are a few areas where non-contact vibrometry methods have helped scientists make great leaps in knowledge.\nThe human ear picks up sound waves in the air and converts the vibrations into signals that our brains can understand as particular sounds. Studying the various parts of the ear that participate in hearing is a perfect application for a laser vibrometer. Scientists can use these tools to take detailed measurements of inner-ear vibrations without having to mount any physical vibration sensors inside the ear.\nScientists have been able to gather more information about how people hear and how to approach treatments for hearing loss. Vibration measurements have contributed to technological advancements in hearing aids as well as prosthetic middle ear devices and implants.\nGuitars make music when their strings are plucked or strummed, causing the strings to vibrate at a particular frequency. These vibrations are then amplified within the guitar body, making the music audible at a greater distance from the instrument. The sound waves also produce vibrations in the body materials, and those interactions can affect the quality of sound that comes from the guitar.\nScientists have used laser vibrometry to study the movement patterns of guitar bodies of varying quality levels to understand how different materials affect the music produced by the guitar. With the help of science, instrument makers can explore design variables to help them craft the best instruments possible.\nHaving the ability to measure vibrations without contact has allowed scientists to study various aspects of the human body. Vibration measurements can indicate various facial muscle patterns that indicate certain emotions, which can help computers better read facial signals.\nOne medical application of this type of vibrometry is in the neonatal unit of a hospital. Doctors have been able to use vibrometers to measure the breathing rates of premature infants without having to place any instruments inside of their incubators.\nUsing lasers to measure various types of vibrations has been a great tool for scientists. Applications of this technology range widely across many fields.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.wexfordhistoricalsociety.com/diary/", "date": "2021-03-08T04:07:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178381803.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20210308021603-20210308051603-00423.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9616720676422119, "token_count": 120, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__82573743", "lang": "en", "text": "Jim Hurley’s lecture on Wednesday, 10th March at 8pm is entitled “Cutting the Lake”. The talk explains how the waters from the lake at Our Lady’s Island are released into the sea every springtime and the subsequent ecological effects on the lake that result from this action. Jim Hurley is a retired Science Teacher, Naturalist and much experienced lecturer in many facets of the South Wexford Coast and Landscape. A great talk with many accompanying slides and photographs. Not to be missed.\nThe Zoom link will be emailed early next week.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.thomasvillemedicalcenter.org/Home/Services/Cancer/TypesofCancer/ProstateCancer.aspx", "date": "2013-12-06T14:13:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163051789/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131731-00040-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9298765063285828, "token_count": 182, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__138067770", "lang": "en", "text": "If you have a question or would like more information, please call:\nProstate cancer is the most common type of cancer found in men in the United States other than skin cancer.\nMen should talk with their doctor about prostate cancer: the symptoms to watch for and an appropriate schedule of checkups. If symptoms occur, the doctor will ask about your medical history, perform a physical exam, and may order laboratory tests.\nCommon symptoms include:\nLearn more about early detection of prostate cancer »\n- Not being able to urinate\n- Difficulty starting or stopping the urine flow\n- Needing to urinate often, especially at night\n- Weak flow of urine\n- Urine flow that starts and stops\n- Pain or burning during urination\n- Difficulty having an erection\n- Blood in the urine or semen\n- Frequent pain in the lower back, hips, or upper thighs.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://xiaomiredminews.com/aquaculture-and-the-conservation-of-endangered-species/", "date": "2024-02-21T06:04:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473370.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221034447-20240221064447-00415.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9082769751548767, "token_count": 852, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__168995951", "lang": "en", "text": "In an era of growing environmental awareness and a sense of responsibility for preserving our planet’s biodiversity, the intersection of aquaculture and endangered species conservation has never been more relevant. This timely connection has found a supporter in the form of a forward-thinking company dedicated to producing dry pelletized fish food from recycled paper.\nAs the world faces the urgent need to conserve endangered aquatic species, the innovative approach of EcoFeed Aquaculture Solutions to fish food production offers hope for conservation. By addressing critical environmental issues and providing nutritional value to aquatic organisms, this company embodies the principles of sustainable aquaculture and conservation.\nHere’s why the convergence of aquaculture and the conservation of endangered species is a significant stride toward ecological preservation:\nThe Decline of Endangered Aquatic Species\nThe decline of many aquatic species has been accelerated by various factors, including habitat destruction, overfishing, pollution, and climate change. As a result, numerous species find themselves on the brink of extinction. Among these are iconic creatures like sea turtles, sturgeon, various species of coral, and several types of freshwater fish. Without intervention, the loss of these species could disrupt the balance of aquatic ecosystems and lead to far-reaching consequences.\nThe Role of Aquaculture in Conservation\nAquaculture steps in as a conservation tool by focusing on the breeding and rehabilitation of endangered aquatic species. Here are several ways in which aquaculture contributes to conservation efforts:\nBreeding and Reintroduction Programs\nMany endangered species have difficulty reproducing in the wild due to various threats. Aquaculture facilities provide a controlled environment where these species can be bred successfully. The offspring can then be reintroduced into their natural habitats, bolstering their populations.\nCaptive Assurance Populations\nAquaculture serves as a safety net by maintaining captive assurance populations of endangered species. These populations act as genetic reservoirs, reducing the risk of extinction in the wild due to unforeseen events.\nResearch and Monitoring\nAquaculture provides valuable insights into the biology and ecology of endangered species. Researchers can closely study these species in controlled settings, which helps in developing effective conservation strategies.\nReducing Pressure on Wild Populations\nBy producing endangered species in aquaculture settings, the demand for their wild-caught counterparts decreases, reducing the pressure on their natural populations.\nSuccess Stories in Aquaculture Conservation\nSeveral success stories highlight the positive impact of aquaculture on the conservation of endangered species. For example:\n- Sea Turtles: Sea turtle hatcheries in various parts of the world help protect and release hatchlings to increase their chances of survival.\n- Sturgeon: Sturgeon aquaculture has led to the production of caviar and meat while reducing the demand for wild-caught sturgeon, which are often targeted for their valuable roe.\n- Coral Restoration: Coral farming techniques are being developed to restore damaged coral reefs and protect vulnerable coral species.\nChallenges and Considerations\nWhile aquaculture plays a vital role in endangered species conservation, it is not without challenges. Maintaining genetic diversity in captive populations, disease management, and the potential for unintentional hybridization are among the issues that require careful attention.\nIn addition, the ethical and ecological implications of releasing captive-bred individuals into the wild must be thoroughly considered to ensure successful reintegration and long-term survival.\nThe Future of Aquaculture and Conservation\nAs we move forward in the 21st century, the partnership between aquaculture and the conservation of endangered species is poised to grow stronger. Ongoing research, technological advancements, and international cooperation will enable aquaculture to continue its valuable contributions to the preservation of our planet’s aquatic biodiversity.\nIn conclusion, the synergy between aquaculture and endangered species conservation embodies a holistic approach to conservation. The use of waste paper in fish feed production, touching on both the nutritional and ecological aspects of aquatic life, highlights the vital link between sustainable aquaculture and species conservation. As the world looks for ways to protect the planet’s most vulnerable species, this innovative solution becomes a symbol of hope for the future of our oceans and the magnificent creatures that inhabit them.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://canreg.wordpress.com/", "date": "2017-02-21T23:34:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501170864.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104610-00137-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9240968227386475, "token_count": 896, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-09__0__160657419", "lang": "en", "text": "Some thoughts about the HPV-vaccine\nWithin the small time period (5-6 years) of our knowledge, the vaccine seems to work well for the 4 HPV types (16, 18, 6, 11) and at present, it seems that it is not harmful for the individual.\nOn the other hand, there is a lot of uncertainty over its long-term effect and it is unknown whether it shall have all the argued positive results (a 70% decrease in cervical cancer incidence or so).\nIt is important to point out that we know very little about the HPV itself and it is also interesting that there are several variants of the HPV types, with differing health-risk patterns and with differing geographic distributions for each type (e.g. European, African, American and Asian variants for HPV 16 and 18). For example, a study showed that the risk of a subsequent CIN3 lesion was 3- fold greater for those women with the American than the European HPV-16 variant (*).\nAnd this is the mystery. We don’t know the HPV’s role in the nature’s ecosystem and we don’t know what will be the nature’s response to a massive intervention to prevent a very common infection; since it is the persistent HPV infection that we want to fight with the vaccine and not cancer per se.\nWe cannot predict the future accurately and especially what will happen in 30-40 years time. Moreover, our current mathematical models may not be able yet to calculate all possible scenarios. For example, an unlikely but not impossible bad scenario would be that, after the implementation of the HPV-vaccine, the nature might “replace” them with some of the other oncogenic HPV types such as 53, 56 etc. (as happens with microbial populations when treated with antibiotics). In this case, the effect of vaccination would be almost negligible and all the scarce resources allocated to HPV-vaccination would have been wasted.\nCertainly, the HPV-vaccine technology is very promising and probably it will provide future weapons for cancer control. However, a critical question is whether the taxpayers can afford now an expensive technology for an unknown future effect.\nIn addition to all the above, cervical cancer in Western Europe and in other developed countries is not such a major problem as compared with other countries where incidence and mortality are multifold (i.e. Mexico, Brazil etc.).\nNo doubt, cervical cancer for the individual is a major threat. The society however, has to balance its scarce resources and the huge funds, allocated for a vaccine that is still under study, might be more effective if used in other areas of disease prevention (e.g. improvement of the current cervical cancer screening programs, the prevention of heart disease or of car accidents etc.).\nIn my view, the reaction of several “western” governments to implement the HPV-vaccine was rather premature and certainly they could have waited for a few years until more knowledge transpires (at least until solving the question of a boost dose). Nevertheless, the way the HPV-vaccine was announced, licensed and rolled-out created an irreversible demand.\nBut wait. In 30-40 years time we shall learn the truth.\n(*) “Risk for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia associated with variants of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18“, Long Fu Xi, Koutsky Laura A., Hildesheim Allan, Galloway Denise A., Wheeler Cosette M., Winer Rachel L., Ho Jesse, Kiviat Nancy B., Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, vol. 16, no1, pp. 4-10, January 1, 2007.\n(Abstract: http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/16/1/4, and free full text access/ last visit 12 June 2008).\nart. added Apr. 2010: “Abnormal Pap tests after the HPV vaccine“, Heley S, Brotherton J., Aust Fam Physician. 2009 Dec;38(12):977-9. (Abstract, free full text , access/ last visit 10 April 2010)\nFiled under: Events & News | Tagged: cancer control, cancer strategy, HPV vaccine | Comments Off on Some thoughts about the HPV-vaccine", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://officefruit.com.au/a-guide-to-storing-stone-fruit-2/", "date": "2024-04-14T00:53:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816863.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414002233-20240414032233-00698.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9566417932510376, "token_count": 447, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__57960093", "lang": "en", "text": "A guide to Fruit Flies\nFruit flies, also known as Drosophila melanogaster, are a common sight in many office environments, particularly during the warmer months. These small, winged insects are attracted to ripe fruits and vegetables, and can quickly become a nuisance if they find their way into your workplace. However, with some simple precautions and preventive measures, you can minimize the presence of fruit flies in your office and maintain a clean and hygienic work environment.\nFirst and foremost, it is important to keep your office clean and free of food debris. This means regularly wiping down surfaces, vacuuming or sweeping the floor, and properly disposing of any food scraps or waste. If you keep fruit or other food items in your office, be sure to store them in airtight containers or in the fridge to minimize the risk of attracting fruit flies.\nIn addition to keeping your office clean, you can also use natural deterrents to repel fruit flies. One of the most effective ways to do this is by setting out a small dish of apple cider vinegar or red wine vinegar, which will attract and trap the fruit flies. You can also use essential oils such as lemon, peppermint, or eucalyptus to create a natural repellent spray.\nIf you find that fruit flies have already made their way into your office, there are a few ways to get rid of them. One option is to use a fruit fly trap, which typically involves a sticky adhesive or a liquid solution that lures the fruit flies in and prevents them from escaping. Another option is to use a vacuum cleaner to suck up the fruit flies, though this may not be practical for larger infestations.\nFinally, it is important to remember that fruit flies can reproduce quickly, with females laying up to 500 eggs in their lifetime. This means that early detection and prevention is key to keeping fruit fly populations under control. By taking steps to maintain a clean and hygienic work environment, using natural deterrents, and promptly addressing any fruit fly sightings, you can keep these pesky insects at bay and ensure a pleasant and productive office environment for you and your colleagues.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://catalogue.iihs.co.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=21070", "date": "2023-12-06T15:09:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100599.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206130723-20231206160723-00085.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8863450288772583, "token_count": 830, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__104067454", "lang": "en", "text": "The sounds of life : how digital technology is bringing us closer to the worlds of animals and plants / Karen Bakker.Material type: TextPublisher: Princeton : Princeton University Press, 2022Description: 354 pages ; 24 cmContent type:\n- online resource\n- 591.594 BAK 23/eng/20220511 020176\n- SCI001000 | SCI028000\n|Item type||Current library||Call number||Status||Date due||Barcode|\n|Book||Indian Institute for Human Settlements, Bangalore||591.594 BAK 020176 (Browse shelf(Opens below))||Checked out||08/01/2024||020176|\nIncludes bibliographical references and index.\nSounds of life -- The singing ocean -- Quiet thunder -- Voice of the turtle -- Reef lullaby -- Plant polyphonies -- Bat banter -- How to speak honeybee -- The internet of earthlings -- Listening to the tree of life.\n\"When we think of animal sound we tend to think about birds or other highly sonic animals. However, scientists are learning that a much wider range of animals, and even plants, use sound, and they are figuring this out with the help of AI and other digital technologies. This book tells the stories of scientists who are using these digital technologies to decode the hidden world of nonhuman sound. Bakker shows how digital technology, so often associated with our alienation from nature, is offering an opportunity to listen to plants and animals in powerful new ways, changing our understanding of nonhuman communication and reviving our connection to the natural world. Beautifully written and deeply researched, the book is a story of discovery. Early chapters describe early 20th-century discoveries about whale noise, while subsequent chapters describe how digital technologies have revealed the surprising sonic worlds of elephants, turtles, corals, and plants. Through these stories we learn that many more plants and animals can make and sense sound and that these sounds are linked to complex communication and social behavior. But, as we learn, this science is not merely about listening to nature in new ways; it also creates new possibilities for both conservation and interspecies communication. In the book's later chapters, Bakker describes fascinating breakthroughs -- aided by robotics and AI -- that may enable people to communicate with other species. She ends the book by exploring how conservationists are using bioacoustics to protect endangered species, address the threat of noise pollution, and create innovative responses to biodiversity loss and climate change. Throughout the book, Bakker describes the research of a diverse range of scientists, with a particular emphasis on female and indigenous scientists. And while she ultimately champions the potential of digital technology, she is not naive to its limitations and is careful throughout to highlight the limits of technology. Ultimately, we see that bioacoustics, aided by digital tech, offers humanity a powerful new window into the nonhuman world\"--\n\"An amazing journey into the hidden realm of nature's sounds. The natural world teems with remarkable conversations, many beyond human hearing range. Scientists are using groundbreaking digital technologies to uncover these astonishing sounds, revealing vibrant communication among our fellow creatures across the Tree of Life.At once meditative and scientific, The Sounds of Life shares fascinating and surprising stories of nonhuman sound, interweaving insights from technological innovation and traditional knowledge. We meet scientists using sound to protect and regenerate endangered species from the Great Barrier Reef to the Arctic and the Amazon. We discover the shocking impacts of noise pollution on both animals and plants. We learn how artificial intelligence can decode nonhuman sounds, and meet the researchers building dictionaries in East African Elephant and Sperm Whalish. At the frontiers of innovation, we explore digitally mediated dialogues with bats and honeybees. Technology often distracts us from nature, but what if it could reconnect us instead?The Sounds of Life offers hope for environmental conservation and affirms humanity's relationship with nature in the digital age. After learning about the unsuspected wonders of nature's sounds, we will never see walks outdoors in the same way again\"--", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.jcf-hospital.com/getpage.php?name=Laboratory_Services", "date": "2023-09-28T18:11:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510427.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20230928162907-20230928192907-00407.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.929689347743988, "token_count": 397, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__146758439", "lang": "en", "text": "Clinical laboratory professionals are key members to today's health care team, and your quality medical care depends on them. Laboratory professionals have the skill to unlock important medical information that is pivotal to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. Everyday nurses, physicians, and other medical workers rely on laboratory professionals to perform test on body fluids, interpret the results, and help provide a complete picture of a patient's health. Using modern biomedical equipment and complicated analysis, clinical laboratory scientists can detect the presence of cancer, identify infectious viruses and bacteria, and measure glucose, cholesterol, drug levels in blood, and a variety of other tests. Laboratory professionals are by your side, working to diagnose, treat and prevent disease. John C. Fremont Health Care District is proud of our laboratory staff and their competency. Our lab is surveyed every 2-years on the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) by the State of California, Department of Public Health. Our lab has had ZERO deficiencies for the past 10 years.\nOur laboratory offers a wide range of tests on-site, namely: Hematology, Urinalysis, Blood Gases, Chemistry, Coagulation, Microbiology, Serology and Blood Bank. For tests not performed in our lab, we have arrangements with a reference lab. We provide lab service for the community and industries in our area. We offer both pre-employment and routine drug screenings and participate in several health fairs during the year.\n8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. (Monday through Friday, except holidays)\nWe are available 24/7 for Emergency and in-patient care\nFor More Information, Contact:\nLinda C. Gallus, CLS(ASCP), DLM(ASCP)\nInterim Laboratory Director\nPhone: (209) 966-3631, ext. 1902\nFax: (209) 672-6141", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thanksgiving-traditions.com/", "date": "2024-04-12T21:05:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816070.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412194614-20240412224614-00063.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9308756589889526, "token_count": 675, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__53141433", "lang": "en", "text": "Autoimmune disorders are a group of diseases in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues. These disorders are surprisingly common, affecting millions of people worldwide, with women being more susceptible than men. While there is no cure for autoimmune diseases, understanding their causes and symptoms can help patients manage their health effectively.\n1. What Are Autoimmune Disorders?\nAutoimmune disorders occur when the immune system cannot distinguish between the self and the nonself. Instead of attacking infections, viruses, and bacteria, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. There are many types of autoimmune disorders, including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes, each with its unique set of symptoms and causes.\n2. Causes of Autoimmune Disorders\nThe development of autoimmune disorders is the result of various factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and lifestyle factors. Research suggests that people with a family history of autoimmune disorders are more susceptible to developing them. Environmental triggers, such as exposure to toxins and viruses, can also play a role in the development of autoimmune disorders. Certain lifestyle factors, like smoking, lack of exercise, and poor diet, can also exacerbate autoimmune disorders or trigger their onset.\n3. Recognizing the Symptoms of Autoimmune Disorders\nThe early symptoms of autoimmune disorders can vary widely, making them difficult to recognize. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes or hives, fever, and digestive issues like diarrhea and nausea. These symptoms can be mild or severe and may appear suddenly or gradually over time. If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s essential to seek medical attention promptly.\n4. Diagnosing Autoimmune Disorders\nDiagnosing autoimmune disorders can be challenging. There is no single test to diagnose them, and the symptoms can often mimic those of other diseases. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of blood tests, imaging scans, and a physical examination. Your doctor may also take a detailed medical history to determine if you have any genetic or environmental risk factors.\n5. Treating Autoimmune Disorders\nThe treatment of autoimmune disorders typically involves a combination of medications (you can buy this at an online pharmacy), lifestyle changes, and alternative therapies. Medications such as immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids can help prevent the immune system from attacking healthy tissues. Lifestyle changes such as exercise, stress management, and diet modifications can also help alleviate symptoms. Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, yoga, and meditation, can also be useful in managing symptoms.\n6. Living with Autoimmune Disorders\nLiving with an autoimmune disorder can be challenging. However, there are ways to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Some practical tips include getting adequate sleep, eating a balanced diet, engaging in regular exercise, and practicing stress management techniques. Patients can also benefit from seeking emotional support from friends and family or joining a support group for people with autoimmune disorders.\nIn conclusion, autoimmune disorders are complex diseases that can affect the quality of life of millions worldwide. However, understanding their causes and symptoms is an essential step towards effective management and treatment. By working with healthcare practitioners, patients with autoimmune disorders can develop personalized care plans that address their unique needs and improve their overall quality of life.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.castleacademy.org/pupils/class-website-y1/year-1-term-1/", "date": "2017-09-23T00:25:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818689411.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170922235700-20170923015700-00598.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8885844945907593, "token_count": 418, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__240031329", "lang": "en", "text": "Soft fur, sharp claws and twitching whiskers… What’s your favourite animal?\nOne that meows? One that barks? Or maybe one that scurries or slithers?\nAs Writers we will be writing a non chronological report about Tigers, instructions about how to look after a pet and fables exploring retelling of stories.\nAs Readers we will be reading, listening to and discussing a wide range of books about animals.\nAs Mathematicians we will be focusing on place value; counting, reading and writing numbers to 10, identify 1 more and 1 less and represent numbers and sort using objects and numbers.\nAs Scientists we be investigating animals including hums, identifying and naming a range of animals and identifying is they are carnivores, herbivores or omnivores.\nAs Design Technologists we will create 3D sculptures of big cats using clay.\nAs Historians we will be researching different species of animals that have become extinct and why.\nAs Geographers we will be locating where in the world different wild animals originate and design our own zoo or wildlife park.\nAs Artists we will be painting wild animals using a range of medium and creating different wild animal masks.\nIn Religious Education we will be exploring the theme of ‘Belonging and Special Times’ focusing around Christianity and Judaism.\nIn Computing we will be using and exploring ‘Kodable’ app on the iPad to learn programming.\n|Year 1 Paws, Claws and Whiskers|\nFor this half term’s homework project to support this theme, you can either:\nCreate a model of a wild animal or your pet using a range of materials.\nCreate a fact file or scrapbook all about an animal or pet of your choice full of pictures and information.\nFind out about unusual pets or animals using non fiction books and the internet, find out where it lives, what does it eat and how are they cared for?\nPlease bring completed projects in to school by the 2nd October.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tvserialshow.com/the-aquarium-tv-show-2022/", "date": "2023-12-06T20:16:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100603.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206194439-20231206224439-00323.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9037314057350159, "token_count": 1589, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__236090572", "lang": "en", "text": "If you’re wondering what’s in store for the aquarium enthusiasts in 2022, **the Aquarium TV Show 2022** holds all the answers. Get ready to dive into an immersive television experience that will take you on an incredible journey through the mesmerizing world of underwater wonders. With stunning visuals, captivating storytelling, and a cast of fascinating aquatic creatures, this show promises to be a treat for both seasoned aquarium lovers and curious newcomers alike. So, prepare to be amazed as **the Aquarium TV Show 2022** invites you to unravel the secrets of the deep sea and witness the magic that lies beneath the surface.\nThe Aquarium TV Show 2022: A Glimpse into the Fascinating Underwater World\nThe Aquarium TV Show 2022 takes viewers on an incredible journey into the depths of the ocean, offering an intimate look at the captivating marine life and the dedicated individuals who care for them. This award-winning series, set to premiere in 2022, promises to be a thrilling and educational experience for both young and old alike. Let’s dive deep into what we can expect from this highly anticipated show.\nAquariums as Educational and Conservation Tools\nAquariums have long been recognized as powerful educational tools, allowing visitors to connect with the wonders of the underwater world. The Aquarium TV Show 2022 aims to build upon this concept by providing viewers with an immersive experience that combines entertainment and education. The show will highlight various aquariums from around the world and shed light on their conservation efforts, reinforcing the importance of protecting marine ecosystems.\nBehind the Scenes: Meet the Aquarists\nOne of the most exciting aspects of The Aquarium TV Show 2022 is the opportunity to meet the passionate aquarists and staff who work tirelessly behind the scenes. These dedicated individuals will share their expertise, giving us a glimpse into the day-to-day operations of running an aquarium. Viewers will witness the immense care and attention that goes into maintaining a thriving marine environment, including feeding routines, tank maintenance, and veterinary care.\nRescue, Rehabilitation, and Release\nNo aquarium show would be complete without showcasing the vital rescue and rehabilitation efforts undertaken for injured or endangered marine animals. The Aquarium TV Show 2022 will feature heartwarming stories of animals that have been rescued, nursed back to health, and released back into the wild. Through these stories, viewers will gain a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by marine life and the incredible work being done to protect them.\nSpecies Spotlight: Exploring Diversity\nWith millions of species inhabiting our oceans, each with their unique characteristics, The Aquarium TV Show 2022 will shine a spotlight on a wide range of marine life. From vibrant tropical fish and awe-inspiring sharks to graceful sea turtles and mysterious deep-sea creatures, viewers will have the opportunity to learn about the diverse array of species that call our oceans home. This exploration will foster a sense of appreciation and understanding for the incredible biodiversity found in our seas.\nConservation and Environmental Awareness\nBeyond showcasing the beauty of marine life, The Aquarium TV Show 2022 will emphasize the importance of conservation and environmental awareness. By shedding light on the threats facing our oceans, such as pollution, climate change, and overfishing, the show aims to inspire viewers to take action and make a difference. Experts will discuss sustainable practices, marine protected areas, and ways individuals can contribute to the preservation of our delicate marine ecosystems.\nInteractive Experiences and Events\nThe immersive nature of The Aquarium TV Show 2022 extends beyond the television screen. Viewers will have the opportunity to participate in interactive experiences and events, both online and at select aquariums featured in the show. These engagements will provide a deeper connection to the series, allowing viewers to learn more, ask questions, and even contribute directly to conservation efforts.\nAquarium Visits: A Unique Adventure\nFor those inspired by the show, visiting an aquarium becomes an exciting adventure. The Aquarium TV Show 2022 will undoubtedly drive increased interest in aquariums worldwide, encouraging families and individuals to explore these awe-inspiring destinations in person. Walking through tunnels surrounded by sharks, touching gentle stingrays, and witnessing the vibrant displays of marine life up close are experiences that leave lasting impressions and inspire further curiosity and fascination.\nBring the Aquarium Experience Home\nNot everyone has the opportunity to visit an aquarium regularly, but The Aquarium TV Show 2022 brings the awe and wonder of the underwater world right into viewers’ living rooms. Through stunning cinematography and engaging narratives, the show creates a virtual aquarium experience that can be enjoyed by all. From the comfort of their homes, viewers can connect with the extraordinary beauty of marine life and be motivated to protect our oceans.\nIn conclusion, The Aquarium TV Show 2022 is poised to be an exceptional television series that combines entertainment, education, and conservation. By highlighting the wonders of the underwater world and the efforts to protect it, the show aims to inspire viewers of all ages to appreciate and safeguard our precious marine ecosystems. Whether you’re a marine enthusiast or simply curious about the mysteries of the deep, this show promises to be a must-watch for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of our fascinating planet.\nA Day of Seals and Sea Lions | The Aquarium: A Deeper Dive\nFrequently Asked Questions\nWhat is the Aquarium TV Show 2022?\nThe Aquarium TV Show 2022 is a captivating television series that provides an inside look into the fascinating world of marine life. It showcases the intricacies of maintaining aquariums, the incredible variety of aquatic species, and the dedicated team behind their care.\nWhere can I watch the Aquarium TV Show 2022?\nThe Aquarium TV Show 2022 can be enjoyed on various streaming platforms, such as Netflix, Hulu, or Amazon Prime Video. Check your preferred streaming service to see if they offer this exciting series.\nWhat can I expect to see on the Aquarium TV Show 2022?\nOn the Aquarium TV Show 2022, you can expect a mix of educational and entertaining content. Each episode takes you through the daily operations of a renowned aquarium, introducing you to its mesmerizing inhabitants and the dedicated staff who work tirelessly to ensure their well-being.\nWill the Aquarium TV Show 2022 focus on specific marine species?\nAbsolutely! The Aquarium TV Show 2022 covers a wide range of marine species. From majestic sharks to colorful tropical fish, from playful dolphins to mysterious seahorses, you’ll have the opportunity to explore the diverse array of aquatic life that inhabits these extraordinary aquariums.\nAre the stories on the Aquarium TV Show 2022 based on real-life events?\nYes, the Aquarium TV Show 2022 features real-life stories and events that unfold within the aquariums. Each episode offers a genuine and authentic glimpse into the challenges and triumphs faced by both the aquarium staff and the marine animals they care for.\nHow many episodes are there in the Aquarium TV Show 2022?\nThe number of episodes in the Aquarium TV Show 2022 may vary depending on the season. However, you can typically expect a season to consist of around 10 to 12 episodes, offering plenty of captivating content to immerse yourself in.\nThe aquarium TV show 2022 promises to be an exciting and captivating experience for viewers. With its fascinating underwater footage, educational content, and heartwarming stories, it offers a unique perspective on marine life. From showcasing the beauty of coral reefs to highlighting conservation efforts, the show’s main focus is to raise awareness about the importance of protecting our oceans. Whether you’re a marine enthusiast or simply looking for an entertaining and informative series, the aquarium TV show 2022 is a must-watch. Immerse yourself in the wonders of the deep sea and gain a deeper appreciation for the incredible world that lies beneath the surface.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://campusexperiencermf.com/en/how-does-sport-help-strengthen-the-immune-system/", "date": "2021-10-19T18:14:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585280.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20211019171139-20211019201139-00029.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9374794960021973, "token_count": 461, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__243111873", "lang": "en", "text": "How does sport help strengthen the immune system?\nExercising with the knowledge and help of professionals brings great benefits to our body and also to our mind. One of the fundamental pillars of physical activity is that it helps strengthen our immune system.\nThat is why, at Campus Experience Real Madrid Foundation, we believe that it is essential for children to make physical exercise in order to strengthen their immune systems from an early age and thus cope with all kinds of diseases.\nOur body is in charge of defending us from microorganisms that can harm us, therefore, it is necessary to keep it always strong. Here are some of the reasons why playing sports helps strengthen the immune system:\n- Fighting flu or colds: Doing physical activity allows you to eliminate all types of bacteria found in the respiratory tract or in the lungs, thus reducing almost completely the likelihood of flu or cold.\n- Increased antibodies: Exercise generates a greater number of antibodies and white blood cells in our body, the cells responsible for fighting disease. The more exercise, the greater the number of antibodies circulating in our body quickly detecting possible diseases and thus preventing them, along with infections.\n- Body temperature: during and after sports the body temperature increases, in this way, the body prevents the growth and development of bacteria, similar to what happens when we have fever.\n- Reduction of stress hormones: numerous studies have shown that exercise helps to reduce stress-causing hormones, constant physical activity reduces these hormones, which in turn increase the likelihood of suffering from some disease.\n- Reduction of cardiovascular diseases: a healthy lifestyle combined with physical exercise reduces the risk of coronary heart disease, reduces the pressure of the arteries. Our heart will be much healthier and stronger.\nIt is very important to acquire healthy living habits and to educate the organism from an early age to be more long-lived. Therefore, from Campus Experience Real Madrid Foundation we believe it is essential to end the sedentary lifestyle of children and motivate them to do physical activity daily, even at home.\nIn our summer camps we have many hours dedicated to sport, as well as fun and time to rest.\nIf you want to know more about our programs click on: https://campusexperiencermf.com/#Por-que-venir", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://crestonseed.com/agrigro/", "date": "2019-10-14T08:45:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986649841.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20191014074313-20191014101313-00045.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9326109886169434, "token_count": 846, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__49227542", "lang": "en", "text": "AgriGro’s® biotechnology products for crop nutrition are designed to help growers produce higher yields from healthier crops and soil. Verified by extensive, replicated third-party research, AgriGro’s® proprietary blend of essential macro and micronutrients, enzymes and amino acids improve soil conditions and enhance nutrient uptake.\nFoliarBlend® simply helps a plant to reach its genetic yield potential by boosting plant growth, increasing nutrient uptake, supporting plant health and quality, and building a healthy growing environment. Research has proven that crops treated with FoliarBlend® are healthier, have improved nutrient uptake and availability, plant growth and higher yields.\nFoliarBlend® represents a new generation of technology containing complex carbohydrates, essential plant micro-nutrients, a proprietary blend of beneficial enzymes, amino acids and a host of nutritional supplements not found in ordinary N-P-K fertilizers. FoliarBlend® has a profound effect on both the plant and soil environment.\nIgniteS2® is formulated to get your crops out of the gate early before lack of nutrition and resulting stress can rob them of the development, health, and yield they were designed to produce.\nIgniteS2® contains essential soil and plant nutritional supplements not found in ordinary N-P-K fertilizers that help plants maximize yield and overcome stress from lack of nutrition. IgniteS2® ensures that your soil and crops are getting the nutrition they require when it is needed most.\nWith IgniteS2® you can tank mix a nutritional supplement into your normal spray or in-row starter program that has a targeted effect on the soil and plants’ biological system. This effect improves soil structure, promotes healthy soil for better growing conditions, increases fertilizer efficiency, supports vibrant and robust plant growth, and boosts yields. IgniteS2® is designed to do all that and more.\nIgniteS2® supplies essential nutrients and beneficial soil and plant supplements that boost plant growth, allowing crops to reach their genetic yield potential. Field studies have shown that crops treated with IgniteS2® are healthier, have improved nutrient uptake and availability, plant growth, and higher yields.\nAgri-Cal® liquid calcium presents growers with an alternative solution to lime applications. The importance of calcium as an essential plant nutrient in the soil is often overlooked. Too many times, when soil tests show a low pH the immediate reaction is to spread more lime. However, ag lime tends to be insoluble and can take years to break down and show its effectiveness. In fact, the odds are good that your soil may already contain more undissolved, unused limestone than soil tests are calling for.\nRather than just looking at soil pH, an effective soil test should also include the quantity of soluble calcium (measured in ppm or %) and the Calcium % Base Saturation in the soil. The pH alone is not a valid indicator of soluble calcium levels in soils. For example, when pure sand is analyzed it has a neutral pH but has no available calcium.\nUltra® by AgriGro® is a nutritional plant supplement that can be used as a seed treatment, root dip, foliar feed and also as a soil application. These various types of application enable the soil and the plant to receive direct benefits from Ultra®. Ultra® is recommended for use on all field, fruit and vegetable crops. Ultra® by AgriGro® has been listed by OMRI (Organic Materials Review Institute) for use in organic production.\nUltra® can be applied through standard ground or aerial application equipment, and through standard irrigation or fertigation systems. Ultra® may be mixed with most herbicides, pesticides, fungicides and liquid fertilizers. Ultra® may be foliar applied up to the bloom or boot stage of plant growth. For best results spray when the crop is in an active growing state after irrigation or natural rainfall. Spray early in the morning or late in the afternoon for best leaf absorption. Foliar fertilization is intended as a supplement to a regular fertilization program and will not, by itself, provide all the nutrients normally required by agricultural crops.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.7sycamorelane.com/post/__new-1", "date": "2024-04-23T22:45:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818835.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423223805-20240424013805-00136.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9365187883377075, "token_count": 457, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__48857439", "lang": "en", "text": "The bird population in my yard has increased. Cardinals, Blue Jays, Chickadees and Sparrows perch on tree limbs, singing and chirping loudly. My resident cardinal’s song accompanies the sunrise; its spring song seems to be more joyful than its winter song. The elusive Carolina chickadee, my favorite bird, has ventured closer and is watching me from a low branch of a river birch. I hold my breath, hoping to actually see it sing. Instead it takes flight and sings from high in the oak tree. Its song is robust and frequent. Sparrows hop on the ground, persistently pecking for breakfast.\nSquirrels scurry along the fence, pounce on a tree branch and jump from limb to limb, tree to tree. A game of chase starts and interrupts the peaceful morning. The excited squirrels create a ruckus as they race around the tree trunks, barking loudly.\nBrilliant fuchsia blossoms adorn the row of azalea bushes. Branches of new growth stand tall; their bright green leaves contrast the established darker leaves. The bees are busy collecting nectar and pollen, buzzing from one flower to another.\nThe oaks trees have shed their leaves, covering the ground with a layer of brown. The limbs are now laden with bright green. The vibrant growth is especially noticeable this year, erasing the evidence of Hurricane Sally’s brutal visit last September. New branches are emerging on scarred tree trunks. A cluster of healthy green foliage sprouts from a tree stump.\nBlades of awakening grass are pushing through the carpet of dead leaves.\nCreation is renewing itself, changing moment-by-moment, right before my eyes. The new growth overshadows the remnants of a hard winter.\nExcitement stirs in my spirit. Hope, which had grown dormant in the dreariness of my soul’s winter, is renewed.\nIt is a new day in a new season.\nAnd I rejoice.\nTherefore if anyone is in Christ, this person is a new creation; the old things passed away;\nbehold, new things have come. ~ 2 Corinthians 5:17", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thelifegreek.com/index.php/2020/01/10/everything-you-need-to-know-about-lyme-disease/", "date": "2023-12-06T07:24:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100583.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206063543-20231206093543-00759.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9444840550422668, "token_count": 2568, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__52525973", "lang": "en", "text": "What is Lyme disease?\nLyme disease is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. B. burgdorferi is transmitted to humans by a bite from an infected black-legged or deer tick. The tick becomes infected after feeding on infected deer, birds, or mice.\nA tick has to be present on the skin for at least 36 hours to transmit the infection. Many people with Lyme disease have no memory of a tick bite.\nLyme disease was first recognized in the town of Old Lyme, Connecticut, in 1975. It’s the most common tickborne illness in Europe and the United States.\nPeople who live or spend time in wooded areas known for transmission of the disease are more likely to get this illness. People with domesticated animals that visit wooded areas also have a higher risk of getting Lyme disease.\nSymptoms of Lyme disease\nPeople with Lyme disease may react to it differently, and the symptoms can vary in severity.\nAlthough Lyme disease is commonly divided into three stages — early localized, early disseminated, and late disseminated — symptoms can overlap. Some people will also present in a later stage of disease without having symptoms of earlier disease.\nThese are some of the more common symptoms of Lyme disease:\n- a flat, circular rash that looks like a red oval or bull’s-eye anywhere on your body\n- joint pain and swelling\n- muscle aches\n- swollen lymph nodes\n- sleep disturbances\n- difficulty concentrating\nContact your healthcare provider immediately if you have any of these symptoms.\nLyme disease symptoms in children\nChildren generally experience the same Lyme disease symptoms as adults.\nThey usually experience:\n- joint and muscle pain\n- other flu-like symptoms\nThese symptoms may occur soon after the infection, or months or years later.\nYour child may have Lyme disease and not have the bull’s-eye rash. According to an early study, results showed roughly 89 percent of children had a rash.\nLyme disease treatment\nLyme disease is best treated in the early stages. Treatment for early localized disease is a simple 10- to 14-day course of oral antibiotics to eliminate the infection.\nMedications used to treat Lyme disease include:\n- doxycycline, amoxicillin, or cefuroxime, which are first-line treatments in adults and children\n- cefuroxime and amoxicillin, which are used to treat women who are nursing or breastfeeding\nIntravenous (IV) antibiotics are used for some forms of Lyme disease, including those with cardiac or central nervous system (CNS) involvement.\nAfter improvement and to finish the course of treatment, healthcare providers will typically switch to an oral regimen. The complete course of treatment usually takes 14–28 days.\nLyme arthritis, a late-stage symptom of Lyme disease that may present in some people, is treated with oral antibiotics for 28 days.\nIf you’re treated for Lyme disease with antibiotics but continue to experience symptoms, it is referred to as post Lyme disease syndrome or post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome.\nAbout 10 to 20 percent of people with Lyme disease experience this syndrome, according to a 2016 article published in the New England Journal of Medicine. The cause is unknown.\nPost-Lyme disease syndrome can affect your mobility and cognitive skills. Treatment is primarily focused on easing pain and discomfort. Most people recover, but it can take months or years.\nPost-Lyme disease symptoms\nThe symptoms of post Lyme disease syndrome are similar to those that occur in the earlier stages.\nThese symptoms may include:\n- difficulty sleeping\n- aching joints or muscles\n- pain or swelling in your large joints, such as your knees, shoulders, or elbows\n- difficulty concentrating and short-term memory problems\n- speech problems\nIs Lyme disease contagious?\nThere is no evidence that Lyme disease is contagious between people. Also, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), pregnant women cannot transmit the disease to their fetus through their breast milk.\nLyme disease is an infection caused by bacteria transmitted by blacklegged deer ticks. These bacteria are found in bodily fluids, but there’s no evidence that Lyme disease can be spread to another person through sneezing, coughing, or kissing.\nThere is also no evidence that Lyme disease can be sexually transmitted or transmitted through a blood transfusion.\nLyme disease stages\nLyme disease can occur in three stages:\n- early localized\n- early disseminated\n- late disseminated\nThe symptoms you experience will depend on which stage the disease is in.\nThe progression of Lyme disease can vary by individual. Some people who have it don’t go through all three stages.\nStage 1: Early localized disease\nSymptoms of Lyme disease usually start 1 to 2 weeks after the tick bite. One of the earliest signs of the disease is a bull’s-eye rash.\nThe rash occurs at the site of the tick bite, usually, but not always, as a central red spot surrounded by a clear spot with an area of redness at the edge. It may be warm to the touch, but it isn’t painful and doesn’t itch. This rash will gradually fade in most people.\nThe formal name for this rash is erythema migrans. Erythema migrans is said to be characteristic of Lyme disease. However, many people don’t have this symptom.\nSome people have a rash that’s solid red, while people with dark complexions may have a rash that resembles a bruise.\nThe rash can occur with or without systemic viral or flu-like symptoms.\nOther symptoms commonly seen in this stage of Lyme disease include:\n- enlarged lymph nodes\n- sore throat\n- vision changes\n- muscle aches\nStage 2: Early disseminated Lyme disease\nEarly disseminated Lyme disease occurs several weeks to months after the tick bite.\nYou’ll have a general feeling of being unwell, and a rash may appear in areas other than the tick bite.\nThis stage of the disease is primarily characterized by evidence of systemic infection, which means infection has spread throughout the body, including to other organs.\nSymptoms can include:\n- multiple erythema multiforme (EM) lesions\n- disturbances in heart rhythm, which can be caused by Lyme carditis\n- neurologic conditions, such as numbness, tingling, facial and cranial nerve palsies, and meningitis\nThe symptoms of stages 1 and 2 can overlap.\nStage 3: Late disseminated Lyme disease\nLate disseminated Lyme disease occurs when the infection hasn’t been treated in stages 1 and 2. Stage 3 can occur months or years after the tick bite.\nThis stage is characterized by:\n- arthritis of one or more large joints\n- brain disorders, such as encephalopathy, which can cause short-term memory loss, difficulty concentrating, mental fogginess, problems with following conversations and sleep disturbance\n- numbness in the arms, legs, hands, or feet\nLyme disease diagnosis\nDiagnosing Lyme disease begins with a review of your health history, which includes looking for reports of tick bites or residence in an endemic area.\nYour healthcare provider will also perform a physical exam to look for the presence of a rash or other symptoms characteristic of Lyme disease.\nTesting during early localized infection is not recommended.\nBlood tests are most reliable a few weeks after the initial infection, when antibodies are present. Your healthcare provider may order the following tests:\n- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used to detect antibodies against B. burgdorferi.\n- Western blot is used to confirm a positive ELISA test. It checks for the presence of antibodies to specific B. burgdorferi proteins.\n- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to evaluate people with persistent Lyme arthritis or nervous system symptoms. It is performed on joint fluid or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). PCR testing on CSF for diagnosis of Lyme disease is not routinely recommended due to low sensitivity. A negative test doesn’t rule out the diagnosis. In contrast most people will have positive PCR results in joint fluid if tested prior to antibiotic therapy.\nLyme disease prevention\nLyme disease prevention mostly involves decreasing your risk of experiencing a tick bite.\nTake the following steps to prevent tick bites:\n- Wear long pants and long-sleeve shirts when in the outdoors.\n- Make your yard unfriendly to ticks by clearing wooded areas, keeping underbrush to a minimum, and putting woodpiles in areas with lots of sun.\n- Use insect repellent. One with 10 percent DEET will protect you for about 2 hours. Don’t use more DEET than what’s required for the time you’ll be outside, and don’t use it on the hands of young children or the faces of children under the age of 2 months old.\n- Oil of lemon eucalyptus gives the same protection as DEET when used in similar concentrations. It shouldn’t be used on children under the age of 3 years old.\n- Be vigilant. Check your children, pets, and yourself for ticks. If you’ve had Lyme disease, don’t assume you can’t be infected again. You can get Lyme disease more than once.\n- Remove ticks with tweezers. Apply the tweezers near the head or the mouth of the tick and pull gently. Check to be certain that all tick parts have been removed.\nContact your healthcare provider if and whenever a tick bites you or your loved ones.\nLyme disease causes\nLyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (and rarely, Borrelia mayonii).\nB. burgdorferi is transmitted to people through the bite of an infected blacklegged tick, also known as a deer tick.\nAccording to the CDC, infected blacklegged ticks transmit Lyme disease in the Northeastern, Mid-Atlantic, and North Central United States. Western blacklegged ticks transmit the disease on the Pacific Coast of the United States.\nLyme disease transmission\nTicks that are infected with the bacterium B. burgdorferi can attach to any part of your body. They’re more commonly found in areas of your body that are hard to see, such as the scalp, armpits, and groin area.\nThe infected tick must be attached to your body for at least 36 hours in order to transmit the bacterium.\nMost people with Lyme disease were bitten by immature ticks, called nymphs. These tiny ticks are very difficult to see. They feed during the spring and summer. Adult ticks also carry the bacteria, but they’re easier to see and can be removed before transmitting it.\nThere is no evidence that Lyme disease can be transmitted through air, food, or water. There’s also no evidence that it can be transmitted between people through touching, kissing, or having sex.\nLiving with Lyme disease\nAfter you’ve been treated for Lyme disease with antibiotics, it may take weeks or months for all the symptoms to disappear.\nYou can take these steps to help promote your recovery:\n- Eat healthy foods and avoid foods that contain a large amount of sugar.\n- Get lots of rest.\n- Try to reduce stress.\n- Take an anti-inflammatory medication when necessary to ease pain and discomfort.\nTest tick for Lyme disease\nSome commercial laboratories will test ticks for Lyme disease.\nAlthough you may want to have a tick tested after it bites you, the (CDC) doesn’t recommend testing for the following reasons:\n- Commercial laboratories that offer tick testing aren’t required to have the same stringent quality control standards as those for clinical diagnostic laboratories.\n- If the tick tests positive for a disease-causing organism, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have Lyme disease.\n- A negative result could lead you to the false assumption that you’re not infected. You could have been bitten and infected by a different tick.\n- If you’ve been infected with Lyme disease, you’ll probably start showing the symptoms before you get the tick test results, and you shouldn’t wait to start treatment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://cantron.com/html/hair.html", "date": "2020-08-13T01:54:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439738950.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20200813014639-20200813044639-00563.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8721278309822083, "token_count": 261, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__22495572", "lang": "en", "text": "Researchers at the University of Helsinki, Finland were using\na standard, safe emulsifier -polysorbate -to clean scalps\nof skin cancer patients when the unexpected happened. Balding\npatients grew hair.\nA subsequent study reported new hair growth in 80% of subjects\ntested after using it for one year. Polysorbate dissolved\nmale hormones from the scalp and restored normal functioning\nof hair follicles.\nTo insure even greater results, Regeneration Hair Products\nalso contain other essential ingredients which (1) release\nhistamine (a factor necessary for cell growth and reproduction),\n(2) increase blood circulation to the scalp and (3) provide\nvital nutrients to the follicles.\nRegeneration hair care products can be used to clean and\nprepare the scalp for Rogaine and therefore may help its absorption\ninto the hair follicles. Therefore, it is the perfect complementary\nproduct for Rogaine and Propecia as well.\nRegeneration hair lotion is the main product as it contains\nthe highest quantities of polysorbate and other important\ningredients. Regeneration Shampoo and Conditioner is designed\nto complement and enhance the lotion and prevent use of other\nhair products which may be counterproductive.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://georgiabatcontrol.com/", "date": "2018-02-22T07:02:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891814036.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20180222061730-20180222081730-00455.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9423490166664124, "token_count": 409, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__174286336", "lang": "en", "text": "Bats are protected in the United States and should never be killed or harmed. Harming a bat carries severe fines and possibly jail time!\nThere are approximately 1,100 species of bats world-wide, these creatures account for 20% of mammal species. Their most distinguishing\nfeature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. These flying\nmammals play a vital role in the ecosystem by pollinating plants and feeding on insects, such as mosquitoes. About 70% of bats are\nBat control is a unique field. It requires specialized training and techniques, attention to detail, and extensive\nknowledge of bat biology and behavior. Effective bat control requires a full site inspection, and 100% of the\nstructure must be properly sealed, including gaps as small as ¼” wide. Once the bats are removed exclusion\nwork MUST be done to prevent the bats from returning to the roost site. Any bat control professional should\nperform this task and provide a warranty with their work once completed.\nIf you have Bats in the House it should be removed and the roosting area should be sanitized. When performed correctly, bat exclusion will achieve two goals: the removal of all bats that are living inside the structure and a completely sealed structure that prevents bats from re-entering. Permanent removal of bats in attic or building is the goal. This goal is achieved by eliminating all potential entries into the structure.\nOnce the bat removal from house is initiated, exclusion work MUST be done to prevent the bats from returning to the roost site. Any bat control professional should perform this task and provide a warranty with their work once completed.\nIf you have a colony of Bats in the house, a bat control professional should be contacted to assess the situation and give an estimate for bat removal and exclusion program. Whether bat removal from house, office or building is performed, bat exclusion should be done to the entire structure to prevent future issues.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://healthwellnesshome.com/collections/supplements/products/green-coffee-bean-extreme", "date": "2020-10-19T21:46:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107866404.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20201019203523-20201019233523-00326.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.826196014881134, "token_count": 645, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__83095622", "lang": "en", "text": "Green Coffee Bean EXTREME contains green coffee bean extract (20:1) derived from \"raw\" unroasted coffee beans, providing the equivalent of 8000mg of green coffee bean powder. It contains 50% chlorogenic acid (CGA).\nAs well as green coffee bean, this food supplement also contains kelp, cinnamon, cayenne and chromium picolinate (equivalent to 420mg powder in total) - for that extra kick!\n8000mg green coffee bean\n50% chlorogenic acid\n420mg from kelp, cinnamon and cayenne\nIodine (from the kelp) to support energy-yielding metabolism and thyroid function\nWith chromium picolinate to support normal blood glucose levels\nSuitable for vegetarians and vegans\nGreen coffee beans\nWe are all familiar with coffee; the difference between our usual coffee and the green coffee beans used in this food supplement is simply that they are raw and haven't been roasted. Green coffee beans contain chlorogenic (and therefore, caffeic) acid - a nutrient largely destroyed during the roasting process, but Green Coffee Bean EXTREME preserves these levels, even in encapsulated form (50%).\nKelp is a large edible seaweed (algae), which grows in underwater \"forests\" in shallow oceans. It contains vitamins (such as A, B1, B2, C, D and E), minerals (such as iodine, vanadium, zinc, magnesium, iron, potassium, copper and calcium), enzymes (haloperoxidases), amino acids (including tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, methionine, cysteine and valine) and chlorophyll.\nIodine contributes to: normal cognitive function, normal energy-yielding metabolism, normal functioning of the nervous system, the maintenance of normal skin, the normal production of thyroid hormones and normal thyroid function, as well as to the normal growth of children.\n60 capsules per pot\nPer capsule: %NRV*\nIodine - 200mcg 133%\nChromium picolinate - 50mcg 125%\n*NRV = Nutrient Reference Value\nGreen coffee bean extract 20:1 (Green Coffee Bean Extract 20:1 (50% Chlorogenic Acid GCA)(equivalent to 8000mg green coffee bean powder) - 400mg\nOther herbal ingredients (from extracts): equivalent to 420mg powder\nCinnamon Extract (30:1), Kelp Extract (4:1), Cayenne Extract (8:1).\nIngredients: Green Coffee Bean Extract 20:1, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) capsule shell (Vegetarian), Kelp Extract (4:1), Cinnamon Extract (30:1), Anti-Caking Agent: Magnesium Stearate (Vegetable Source), Cayenne Extract (Capsicum Frutescens) (8:1), Chromium Picolinate Powder.\nContains no added: artificial colours, flavourings, preservatives, dairy products, gluten, lactose, soya, sugar, wheat or yeast.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.spatialcomplexity.info/in-the-shadow-of-darwin/", "date": "2024-02-21T18:22:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473524.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221170215-20240221200215-00140.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9325587749481201, "token_count": 263, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__54020158", "lang": "en", "text": "Michael Batty is working on a project with colleagues from the University of Melbourne, UNC at Chapel Hill, and the Santa Fe Institute at the Galapagos Science Centre with the Universidad San Francisco de Quito. They are exploring the way human populations are interacting with the natural ecosystem. The Islands are facing enormous population pressures from ecotourism and the group are modelling these interactions between the coupled human-natural systems using the science of complex adaptive systems (CAS). Eventually they will produce a book about these pressures and their impact on the fragility of the ecosystems making suggestions for future change. The notion that the human and natural ecosystems remain in equilibrium is a convenient fiction and the idea that the Galapagos would have remained the same since Darwin’s historic landing in 1835 (described in his The Voyage of the Beagle) if no human populations had resided on the islands, is fanciful. Natural ecosystems evolve perhaps at a slower rate than human populations at least in terms of their migration, growth and change but these coupled systems pose special problems which have wide implications for cities and nature. The challenges for us all are enormous. They lie at the cutting edge of science and human affairs.\nThe pictures above show Darwin’s first landing site on the Galapagos Islands in 1835.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.ekstrandneurolab.ca/people.html", "date": "2024-03-03T22:31:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476399.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303210414-20240304000414-00578.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9423641562461853, "token_count": 162, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__30148286", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Chelsea Ekstrand, Principle Investigator\nChelsea is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Neuroscience at the Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience at the University of Lethbridge. She completed her Ph.D. in cognitive neuroscience at the University of Saskatchewan, and her postdoctoral training at Western University. Before that, she received a B.Sc. in Psychology, also from the University of Saskatchewan. Her research focuses on understanding how the brain processes the \"real-world\" by using naturalistic stimuli during neuroimaging to examine patterns of brain activity associated with complex cognitive processing. When she's not studying brains and coding, she can often be found walking her dog, Philly, and exploring the beautiful landscapes Alberta has to offer, or cooking elaborate meals with her partner, Matthew.\nPrevious Honours Students", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.ca.envu.com/golf-course/talking-turf/chinch-bugs-gained-foothold", "date": "2022-12-08T06:44:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711278.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20221208050236-20221208080236-00541.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9264894723892212, "token_count": 1243, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__108975254", "lang": "en", "text": "Chinch bug was first identified in Ontario in 1971. Since then, the population of this destructive pest has been steadily increasing across Eastern Canada. Although chinch bugs are increasingly prevalent, golf course superintendents and homeowners don’t always attribute the brown, irregularly shaped, sunken patches to chinch bug damage.\nIn recent years, especially hot, dry summers, chinch bug has muscled Japanese beetles, European chafers, and all other scarab beetles to the side as the number one pest in lawn and turf.\nChinch bug sucks sap from turfgrass plants\nChinch bugs (Blissus species) are very small insects that overwinter in the turfgrass thatch, leaf litter or other protected sites and can feed on most cool-season turfgrasses. They use their piercing mouth parts to suck the sap from the crown and stems of turfgrass plants.\nAs temperatures warm in the spring, the adults will mate and lay eggs in the turfgrass thatch or directly into the leaf sheaths of the turfgrass plant. When temperatures are below 20°C, it may take 20-30 days for the eggs to hatch. However, if daytime temperatures consistently exceed 25°C these eggs can hatch in just one week.\nEarly instar nymphs go through several stages before reaching adulthood. However, every stage of the nymph can damage plants through their piercing-sucking mouthparts. During feeding, nymphs and adults secrete a solution into the turfgrass plant that clogs the vascular tissues. This causes further stress as the secretion helps block the transport of water.\nPopulations can increase quickly\nThe average female adult chinch bug can lay up to 200 eggs. This results in skyrocketing populations of adults and nymphs during hot and dry weather in early summer. Nymphs can feed on turf for up to 6 weeks before seeking an overwintering site or reproducing a second generation. As few as 80 chinch bugs per square meter can cause visible damage in residential lawns.\nPopulations build within the rough and green surrounds – areas that aren’t mowed as closely or regularly treated with insecticides – until they migrate to other turf. There can be a daily migration of thousands of chinch bug adults and nymphs moving from nontreated areas into treated areas. Once the concentration of the insecticide wears off, these migrating chinch bugs can move into the treated area and begin to cause further damage and decline.\nUse growing degree days to gauge when to scout\nScout chinch bugs when they reach the 1st instar nymphs stage. The timing of this development stage depends on the number of growing degree days.\nUse a common base temperature of 7°C:\n- Peak egg development at 187-340 GDD\n- 1st instar nymphs observed at 250-500 GDD\n- Peak damage period is 3-4th instar 500-1000 GDD (usually early to mid-July)\nScouting for chinch bug\nThe best way to identify chinch bug is the modified flush method. Cut the bottom out of a coffee can and push it 2 inches into the ground. Fill the can with water and keep it filled for 30 seconds. Watch to see what floats to the surface.\nChinch bug nymphs are small and bright red in colour when they first hatch. They darken as they mature until they turn grey/brown in colour. Immature nymphs have a white band across their abdomen which is covered by the wings as the insect matures.\nCultural and chemical control\nYou can help your turf battle chinch bugs by keeping it healthy and irrigated and by overseeding resistant cultivars:\n- Irrigation. Where possible, irrigate to provide supplemental water during drought stress. This promotes a healthier turfgrass stand that can better tolerate chinch bug activity.\n- Fertilization. Maintaining adequate nitrogen fertilization helps provide energy to the plant to help withstand chinch bug activity and to promote recovery during stressful environmental conditions. Be careful not to over-fertilize as this can also attract more chinch bugs and encourage their development.\n- Plant genetics. Overseeding more resistant cultivars or species into the mix can help mitigate the damage of chinch bugs.\nChemical control is a critical piece to managing chinch bug. Chinch bug populations can increase exponentially during hot and dry weather.\nTETRINO™ is a broad-spectrum systemic insecticide that has strong activity across many root- and surface-feeding insects. Tetrino should be applied as a foliar spray to control surface-feeding insects such as chinch bugs in a sufficient water volume to provide coverage to the base of the plant. Applications of Tetrino should be made when small nymphs are observed in the thatch layer or are found feeding on leaves and stems. As a systemic insecticide, Tetrino works best when the plant is actively growing.\nDELTAGARD® SC is a broad-spectrum contact insecticide that is effective against chinch bugs and several other surface-feeding insects. Similar to Tetrino, DeltaGard should be applied in a sufficient water volume to achieve coverage deeper into the turfgrass canopy. DeltaGard is an excellent choice in severely compromised lawns when the turfgrass is entering summer-induced dormancy.\nIn a hot, dry summer it’s not uncommon to see 600+ chinch bugs or more per square meter. This means it can be challenging to eliminate all visible damage, even when you are reducing the populations by 90% or more through chemical treatment.\nFor more information about insect control strategies contact your local Territory Sales Manager.\nALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW PESTICIDE LABEL DIRECTIONS. Bayer, the Bayer Cross, Tetrino, and DeltaGard SC are trademarks of Bayer Group. Used under license. Bayer CropScience Inc. is a member of CropLife Canada. ©2022 Bayer Group. All rights reserved.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://geechungdesign.com/portfolio/branding-22.html", "date": "2017-04-25T20:20:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917120878.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031200-00231-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8071727156639099, "token_count": 149, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__312764716", "lang": "en", "text": "Iconic Therapeutics Logo\nIconic Therapeutics is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to transforming scientific insight in drug development, cell biology, and oncology into breakthrough medicines for severe chronic diseases and cancer. Our solution utilizes interconnected forms evoke DNA as a metaphor for the life cycle and the company’s foundation in strong science.\nThe interlocking elements form a visual puzzle symbolizing the company’s capacity to solve complex problems. The unique visual form represents the firm’s novel approach and new thinking in the development of impactful medicines.\nAmerican Graphic Design Awards, 2015\nAmerican Health and Wellness Design Awards, 2015\nCounter-Print Abstract Logo: Trademarks & Symbols, 2016", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://anabolic-steroids.eu/product/mesterolone-tablets-swiss-remedies-2/", "date": "2020-08-14T22:08:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439740343.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20200814215931-20200815005931-00355.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9518812298774719, "token_count": 350, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__1493367", "lang": "en", "text": "Masterolone is one of the most known and potent androgens with a weak anabolic activity. It actually provides significant strength and muscle building effects during the precompetitive stages for high level performance during the competition. Masterolone has been reported to have a high tendency to sex hormone-binding globulin, due to which it plays a key role in the production of free and unbound testosterone in HPTA.\nIts spontaneous androgenic effects promote infinite tissue-building functions in athletes and bodybuilders. In addition, another key feature of masterolone is its anti-estrogenic nature which leads to an incredibly hard and rigid muscle with a large drying effect.\nMasterolone is considered to be one of the effective anti-aromatase inhibitors and no anti-estrogen agent is needed while using this steroid. It protects the body from an accumulation of unwanted fat and relieves muscles and joints from unwanted fluid storage which portrays a voluminous appearance.\nIt is well tolerated by men and women, as it can be used to treat breast cancer in women and can skillfully defend men from the risk of gynecomastia.\nDosage and course\nThe active life of Masterolone is approximately 12 hours.\nThe recommended dosage for men is 25-50 mg / day. For advanced muscle hardening functionality, the dose can be further increased to 100 mg / day with extreme caution.\nWomen should take a low dose of approximately 10-25 mg / day to avoid possible androgenic signs.\nThe duration of the optimal dosage is 3-4 weeks.\nIt is suggested to stack it with 10-20 mg of Nolvadex to obtain a tightened and solidified muscle.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://liblog.mayo.edu/2016/03/08/new-exhibit-at-the-w-bruce-fye-history-of-medicine-library/", "date": "2017-03-28T08:15:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218189686.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212949-00457-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9438071846961975, "token_count": 444, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__296148696", "lang": "en", "text": "New Exhibit at the W. Bruce Fye History of Medicine Library\nA new exhibit is now on display in the W. Bruce Fye History of Medicine Library.\nThis exhibit will be on display from March – December 2016.\nEVOLUTION AND KNOWLEDGE OF CANCER:\nTHE EARLY YEARS\nHuman beings and other animals have had cancer throughout recorded history. Some of the earliest evidence of cancer is found among fossilized bone tumors, human mummies in ancient Egypt, and ancient manuscripts. Growths suggestive of the bone cancer called osteosarcoma have been seen in mummies. The earliest record of neoplastic disease is found in the Edwin Smith Papyrus, part of an ancient Egyptian textbook on trauma surgery.\nThe Renaissance marked advances in anatomy and wound surgery and scientists developed a greater understanding of the human body. But until the humoral system of pathology was discarded and classification of tumors begun by means of autopsy, improvement in diagnosis and treatment of cancer was lacking. During the years 1761-1838 Giovanni Morgagni began performing autopsies in order to relate illness to pathologic findings after death. Progress was made in the description and classification of cancer which laid the foundation for scientific oncology. This period also marked the beginning of cancer hospitals.\nJoseph Lister made surgery relatively safe and men like Billroth and Volkmann seized upon the idea of radical surgery to treat cancer and were quick to carry out resection which had previously been impossible. Improved knowledge of the anatomy of regional lymphatics made it possible to plan dissections intended to remove not only the primary tumor but all adjacent tissue that might contain metastases.\nThis exhibit ends with the discovery of roentgen rays and radium in the late 1800’s by Wilhelm Röntgen and Pierre and Marie Curie respectively, both of which were used in the treatment of cancer.\nVIEWING TIMES: MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY 9 A.M. – 1 P.M.\nSubmitted to LibLog by:\nHilary J. Lane\nInstructor in History of Medicine\nCoordinator – W. Bruce Fye History of Medicine Library", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://deborasmail.tumblr.com/", "date": "2014-10-20T22:45:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-42/segments/1413507443451.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20141017005723-00072-ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8786084055900574, "token_count": 168, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-42", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-42__0__177487894", "lang": "en", "text": "This beautiful wall-climbing perennial vine is an edible plant called Red-stemmed Malabar Spinach (Basella alba). It is known under various common names, including Pui, vine spinach, red vine spinach, climbing spinach, creeping spinach, buffalo spinach, malabar spinach and ceylon spinach.\nMalabar spinach is high in vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, and calcium. It is low in calories by volume, but high in protein per calorie. The succulent mucilage is a particularly rich source of soluble fiber. Among many other possibilities, Malabar spinach may be used to thicken soups or stir-fries with garlic and chili peppers.\nThe leaves are large 3” to 6”, I think they would make beautiful wraps or lay flat for presentation.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sgpawfectchoice.com/products/nutragold-grain-free-turkey-sweet-potato-1", "date": "2023-03-28T15:53:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948867.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20230328135732-20230328165732-00587.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8314005732536316, "token_count": 460, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__147753864", "lang": "en", "text": "NutraGold Grain-Free formulas contain the trusted ingredients you would expect from NutraGold, but without the grains. Grains, such as corn and wheat, have been implicated as causes of canine food allergies. Although dogs are able to digest and utilize the nutrition from carbohydrates, their bodies break down proteins and fats more efficiently. This is why NutraGold Grain-Free formulas are made to be rich in protein, particularly animal-sourced protein. A diet free of grains and rich in protein will eliminate the possibility of food reactions to grain and optimize digestion for your dog.\n- Grain-free for optimal nutrition\n- Blend of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids for healthy skin and coat\n- Natural fibre ingredients help support healthy digestion.\n- Real turkey provides the amino acid building blocks for an ideal lean body condition.\n- Fruits and vegetables provide an excellent spectrum of phytonutrients.\n- All life stages diet\n- Made in USA\nLamb (13%), lamb meal, whole grain brown rice (12%), barley, oat flakes, millet, egg derivatives, white rice, potatoes (3%), chicken fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols), tomato pomace, ocean fish meal, linseed, natural chicken flavor, potassium chloride, choline chloride, taurine, dried chicory root, shell fish flour (a source of glucosamine), cartilage of poultry (a source of chondroitin sulphate), dried kelp, carrots (0.1%), peas (0.1%), apples (0.1%), tomatoes, blueberries, spinach, dried skim milk, cranberries, rosemary extract, parsley flake, yucca schidigera extract, L-Carnitine, dried fermentation products of Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum, dried Trichoderma longibrachiatum fermentation extract, vitamins and minerals.\nCrude Protein (min) 21%, Crude Fat (min) 12%, Crude Fibre (max) 4%, Crude Ash (max) 6.5%", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://aakgrow.com/pcp-resistance/", "date": "2024-03-02T23:31:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476137.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302215752-20240303005752-00208.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9478741884231567, "token_count": 158, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__210949887", "lang": "en", "text": "Pesticide resistance is the condition where the efficacy of pesticides has been reduced significantly due to the development of higher tolerance by the target pest. This is of concern since the rate at which new active ingredients are being brought to the market by research and development companies has not kept pace with the rate at which resistance to insecticides, fungicides and herbicides is developing. Through the adoption of IPM, it is possible for farmers to sustainably use pesticides without creating resistance.\nAt the global level, 3 specialist technical working groups have been formed to identify existing and potential pesticide resistance risks for insecticides, herbicides and fungicides. The Resistance Action Committees evaluate the risks and recommend guidelines for mitigation through partnerships and collaborations with regulatory bodies. For more information on resistance management , please follow the links below:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kilimanjarobudgetsafaris.com/product/2-days-safari-to-ngorongoro-and-manyara-national-parks/", "date": "2020-11-25T19:51:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141184123.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20201125183823-20201125213823-00232.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9182290434837341, "token_count": 420, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__123547678", "lang": "en", "text": "2 Days Safari to Ngorongoro and Manyara National Parks\nDay 1 – Arusha – Lake Manyara\nAfter pick up from Airport our guide delivers a short safari info briefing, after which we travel to the Lake Manyara National Park. We arrive in time for lunch at the lodge. After lunch we head into the Lake Manyara National Park. This impressive park is one of Tanzania’s most dramatically located wildlife areas, consisting of a massive but shallow soda lake (covering two-thirds of the park) at the foot of the Great Rift Valley’s western escarpment. The park’s varied habitat attracts a wide variety of animals, including one of Africa’s largest concentrations of elephants, Manyara’s famous tree-climbing lions, as well as large flocks of flamingos attracted by the algae in the lake.\nDinner and overnight stay as per the standard and type of accommodation option requested by guest.\nDay 2 – Lake Manyara National Park – Ngorongoro Crater – Arusha\nAfter breakfast we descend 600m into Ngorongoro’s magnificent crater for a morning, half-day game drive. The Ngorongoro Crater is one of the most densely crowded African wildlife areas in the world and is home to an estimated 30,000 animals including some of Tanzania’s last remaining black rhino. Supported by a year round water supply and fodder, the Ngorongoro Conservation area supports a vast variety of animals, which include herds of wildebeest, zebra, buffalo, eland, warthog, hippo, and giant African elephants. Another big draw card to this picturesque conservation is the dense population of predators, which include lions, hyenas, jackals, cheetahs and the ever-elusive leopard, which sometimes requires a trained eye to spot. We will enjoy a picnic lunch in the crater, after which we travel back to Arusha where we will end our African safari adventure. Follow further option.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.diehlgallery.com/news/2/", "date": "2023-03-25T11:03:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945323.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20230325095252-20230325125252-00018.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9233786463737488, "token_count": 338, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__25326019", "lang": "en", "text": "November 19, 2014\nAmerican Forests' Endangered Western Forests (EWF) program works on the protection and restoration of forests exclusively in the Greater Yellowstone Area.\nForests across the west are dying at an alarming rate due to beetles and an invasive disease, white pine blister rust. Though our western forests as a whole are important, the whitebark pine is arguably one of the most vulnerable and ecologically important tree species in the western forests. It produces significant benefits to the ecosystem. In addition, due to its broad crowns and ability to grow in high-elevations, whitebark pine also plays a vital role in regulating snow melt and soil erosion, preventing avalanches and providing a clean and consistent water supply. Whitebark pine is uniquely susceptible to the threats that are rapidly decimating these forests.\nThe EWF Initiative protects and restores highly threated forest ecosystems while educating and engaging citizens and policymakers on the importance of the whitebark pine, these forests and the threats they face. This is a comprehensive initiative utilizes unprecedented collaborations to develop and implement innovative approaches to protect and restore western forests. The programs two main goals are:\nGoal 1: Create and implement a replicable protection and restoration strategy for threatened forests starting with the whitebark pine in the Greater Yellowstone Area.\nGoal 2: Educate and raise awareness — locally and nationally — of the losses of high-elevation forests and the importance of restoring these forests to health.\nAmerican Forests is working to take fast and concerted actions to prevent the disappearance of these vital and iconic landscapes.\nTo learn more, click here.\nBack to Blog", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://prestogel.lt/en/hemorrhoids-a-delicate-problem", "date": "2019-01-22T22:34:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583875448.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20190122223011-20190123005011-00257.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9355120658874512, "token_count": 545, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__171061094", "lang": "en", "text": "Hemorrhoids are large and very painful clusters of blood vessels located in the rectal area.\nHemorrhoids are very common in industrialized countries. The first symptoms typically appear in the early 20’s of a person’s life, but these symptoms of hemorrhoids are not clear until the 40’s.\nAccording to some estimation, approximately 70% of the population from their 50’s onwards suffers to some extent from symptomatic hemorrhoids. Females suffer from hemorrhoids more frequently than males. One of the assumptions is that pregnancy and delivery produce increased pressure on the rectal and anal areas. Hemorrhoids are divided into two main groups: External Hemorrhoids (a bulge on the side of anus) and Internal Hemorrhoids (in the lower part of the rectum). Many patients suffer from pain caused by anal fissure which in turn is caused by hemorrhoids.\nThere is an intricate system of veins in the rectal and anal areas that are supposed to drain blood from the area. The factors increasing vein congestion are usually those increasing the pressure, such as increased intra-abdominal pressure or exertion during defecation. Prolonged sitting may also accelerate the formation of hemorrhoids.\nIncreased intra-abdominal pressure can be caused by the following factors:» Exertion during defecation usually caused by constipation.\n» During Pregnancy – blood volume increases, while Progesterone weakens muscles, the uterus is heavyand there is pressure on the lower vena cava while lying on the back.\n» Portal hypertension drains the hemorrhoids and can be caused by cirrhosis.\n» Coughing and vomiting increase intra-abdominal pressure producing pressure on veins where the blood pressure is usually very low, stopping the flow.\n» Strenuous physical activity.\n» Psychological stress can also awaken hemorrhoids.\n» Severe cardiac insufficiency can worsen hemorrhoids because of blood vessels’ problems and problems in venous blood drainage.\nThere are four main phases of hemorrhoids, as follows:1. Internal hemorrhoids – which are not directly felt.\n2. Coming out during defecation and retracting unaided.\n3. Coming out and not retracting, have to be thrust inside.\n4. Those that come out and cannot be returned.\nEach phase can be accompanied with bleeding. Pain is especially acute in the last phase.\nInternal hemorrhoids form above the anal-rectal line. Sometimes internal hemorrhoids may grow to a degree till they pass the vein which is under the anal sphincter.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://owenjeff.github.io/Northwest-United-States-Forest-Fire-History/", "date": "2017-08-19T18:22:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886105712.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20170819182059-20170819202059-00604.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9731776118278503, "token_count": 237, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-34__0__80338521", "lang": "en", "text": "This map shows all the forest fires for the northwest United States. The years listed here for forest fires are from 1889 to 2003. With each fire, it is shown how many acres were burned. This also shows the national parks and forests within the area of all these fire occurrances. This map can be primarily used to trace patterns of every known forest fire for over a hundred years. There are years of high rates of forest fires and those of lower rates of fire occurances.\nFor example, the year 1988 was a particularly intense year for forest fires especially in Yellowstone National Park and parts of Idaho. There are several factors that can contribute to these breakouts of forest fires including drought, wind patterns, and human activity. It was long thought that these forest fires were destructive to the environment but after years of research we have concluded that these natural fires are a benefit and necessity to the ecosystem.\nBiological succession is when new growth and organism life replaces the old ecosystem that previously existed when it was cut down by a natural disaster event such as a forest fire. Overall forest fires are actually very good for the environment because they lay the path for new biological growth in an ecosystem.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://luntiangpilipinas.com.ph/tenmilliontreecampaign/list-of-philippine-fruit-trees/", "date": "2015-11-29T12:15:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398457799.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205417-00064-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8939145803451538, "token_count": 1476, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-48__0__98759228", "lang": "en", "text": "||DESCRIPTION / USES\n||Annona reticulate L.\n||Leaves are oblong to oblong –lanceolate, flowers are greenish yellow, fragrant, the fruit is large and heart-shaped and brownish yellow. Fresh leaves are used as topicals and are applied to the stomachs of children suffering from indigestion.\n||Medium sized tree reaching a height of 10 meters. Leaves are alternate, oblong to oval or obovate. Flowers are small borne in naked, panicled, hairy cymes. Fruit is large, fleshy, elongated and of various shapes. The pulp is credited with the suppuration of wounds, and have an aphrodisiac properties.\n||Averrhoa carambola L.\n||Small sized tree growing to a height of 6 meters or less. The leaves are pinnate about 15 cm. long. The fruit is fleshy, acid green or greenish yellow and edible. The fruit is laxative, and is also given in fevers.\n||The plant is somewhat hairy reaches a height of 8 inches. Ripe fruit is eaten as vegetable and used as seasoning for sinigang and also used in the manufacture of jellies. Leaves in the form of decoction for washing ulcers and wounds and also antidiarrhetic.\n||Small, smooth and dioecious tree. The fruit is fleshy, red, acid, and edible. Excellent in making jam and wine.\n||Flacourtia rykum Zoll. & Mor.\n||An erect tree reaching a height of 20 meters. Fruit is round, edible, and is good for making jams and pies. The roots and their decoction are given internally to women after childbirth. The fruit is prescribed for dysmenorrhoea\n||Cultivated for its seeds which are used in the manufacture of cacao, chocolate, cacao butter. Cacao butter is used in the manufacture of confections, toilet preparations and cosmetic ointments or coating pills and preparing suppositories.\n||Cultivated for its edible fruit and as an ornament. Decoction of the bark is given for dysentery, latex is used as a resolutive in abscesses and fruit is used in treatment of diabetes mellitus.\n||Much branched tree reaching a height of 8 meters. The fruit brown, fleshy, ovoid or somewhat rounded. The flesh is brown, soft, slightly gritty and sweet. Bark is used for tanning sails and for making fishing tackle. Milky juice of the bark is used in the manufacture of chewing gum.\n||Duhat juice is considered as tasty as grape juice, and used in the manufacture of red wine. Decoction of the bark is given internally in dysentery, ripe fruit is an efficient remedy for diabetes mellitus.\n||Durio zibethinus Murr. (Bomb.)\n||Cultivated for its very highly prized fruits. Durian fruit as tonic, root decoction for fever and their juice into a preparation for bathing the head of the fever patient.\n||Annona muricata L.\n||Small tree, 5 to 7 meters in height. The fruit usually eaten raw when ripe Juicy fruit makes a delicious ice cream. Unripe fruit, seeds and juice of the fruit are used in treating dysentery.\n||Citrum aurantium L. (tight skinned orange)\n||Leaves, flowers, fruit, peel of the fruits and the volatile oil are official in many pharmacopeias.\n||This tree is 5 to 18 meters high with ultimate branches. The bark is used for tanning, the seed is edible, whitish and sweet when the fruit is ripe. The root bark is good for dysentery, leaves with salt, cure indigestion and also produce abortion.\n||Averrhoa balimbi L.\n||Fruit contains potassium oxalate & is used to remove stains from clothing and also for washing hands. It is much used as seasoning and is made into sweets, including jam and used in making pickles.\n||Dillenia philippinensis Rolf.\n||Acid juice of the fruit when mixed with sugar is used as cough cure. It is employed for cleansing the hair.\n||Lansium domesticum Correa\n||A great favorite with the Filipinos. Fruit is whitish-yellow and occurs in bunches which resemble those of grapes except that they occur on a single stem instead of a branched stem.\n||Leaves & fruits sour & used in stews\n||Triphasia trifolia (Burm.)\n||Cultivated on account of its ornamental, edible, red fruit & its fragrant, white flowers. Aromatic bath salts in the Phils. Are made from the leaves of this plant.\n||Root - diuretic; bark & seeds mastringent; leaves for tea & resin cure for aphthoes\n||Ziciphus mauritiana Lam.\n||A decoction of the bark & leaves is employed as an effective astringent in dysentery &diarrhea & is used in bowel trouble of all kinds.\n||The fruit is round, about 8 millimeters or less in diameter. The seeds contains slightly aromatic, tallow like oil. Roots and leaves are used for poulticing sprains and bruises. Seeds are pounded and applied to boils.\n||Artocarpus heterophylla Lam.\n||The young fruits are eaten as vegetable. Ash of the leaves after burning applied on wounds and ulcers as a dried or cicatrizant. Leaves for skin diseases root decoction for diarrhea, milky juice for swelling and snake bite.\n|Niog (Coconut palm)\n||Mangifera philippensis Mukh. (Anac.)\n||Roots are diuretic, bark and seeds are astringent\n||Mangifera altissima Blanco\n||Same as in mango\n||The roots contain 7.8 % tannin, and gives satisfactory leather which is yellowish tan. The seed has a fixed oil. Oleoresin is used as stimulant, a rubefacient and antirheumatic when applied externally.\n||Fruit is oblong, red or yellow with thick coarse wavy hairs or soft spines. Roots in decoction for treating fevers, leaves for poulticing and the bark as an astringent for diseases of the tongue.\n||The tree is cultivated for its many uses. Leaves are used in dyeing. Tamarind pulp obtained citric acid, 9.40, tartaric acid 1.55, malic acid 0.45, bitartrate of potash 3.25, sugar 12.5, gum 4.7 vegetable jelly 6.25, parenchyma 34.35, and water 27.55. Seeds contain tannin, fixed oil, and insoluble matter. and bark of old trees contains 7% tannin.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kestrelqas.co.uk/health-and-safety/legionnaires-risk-assessment", "date": "2022-08-16T15:53:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00742.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9202700257301331, "token_count": 514, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__32342942", "lang": "en", "text": "Legionnaire’s disease is best described as a form of atypical pneumonia or more basically, the inflammation or swelling of lung tissue due to infection with a germ. The bacteria is spread when the contaminated water is turned into droplets or mist via a shower, tap or toilet and then inhaled. Legionnaires takes between 2-10 days to incubate. After incubation symptoms may include shortness of breath, high fever, muscle pain, headaches, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. You are at greater risk if you have a history smoking, chronic lung disease, poor immune function and older age.\nThe bacterium is found in fresh water and can contaminate hot or cold water tanks, hot tubs, cooling towers, large air conditioners and redundant stretches of pipework. The reason for this is that the legionella bacteria live between temperatures of 20 and 50°C with the optimum temperature being 35°C. Only temperatures above 50°C will begin killing the bacteria.\nAs an employer or a landlord (commercial or domestic) you have a responsibility to understand the health risks of legionnaire’s disease to your employees, visitors or tenants and need to take the suitable precautions to reduce the risks of exposure to legionella.\nRegular testing should be carried out to ensure the limited growth of this bacteria by detecting it early enough to do something about it. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (HSW) is the UK’s primary source of legislation regarding Occupational Health & Safety. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (MHSWR) provides us with a framework for controlling H&S at work whilst the Control of Substance Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) provides a framework of actions required to access, prevent and control bacteria such as legionella in premises under your control. Finally, there is the Approved Code of Practice L8 (ACOP) which contains practical guidance on how to manage and control the risks against legionella.\nIf you require this service, we will arrange to attend your premises, conduct the legionnaires temperature test and take photographs for inclusion to the assessment. If we identify any potential issues at the time of the assessment we will advise you there and then on any recommended remedial action. As a result we will provide you with a comprehensive Legionnaires Risk Assessment document of the cold and hot water systems within your premises. There is also the option for you for us to carry out monthly temperature checks of the water system for your continued peace of mind.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://glennercenter.blogspot.com/2011/12/fish-its-good-for-brain.html", "date": "2018-07-22T14:32:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676593302.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20180722135607-20180722155607-00021.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9287989139556885, "token_count": 224, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__49661216", "lang": "en", "text": "mild cognitive impairment (MCI).\nThe benefits of fish on the brain stem from high levels of omega-3 fatty acids and selenium, both of which are known for their anti-inflammatory benefits.\n“This is the first study to establish a direct relationship between fish consumption, brain structure and Alzheimer’s risk,” said Cyrus Raji, M.D., Ph.D., from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. “The results showed that people who consumed baked or broiled fish at least one time per week had better preservation of gray matter volume on MRI in brain areas at risk for Alzheimer’s disease.”\n“Consuming baked or broiled fish promotes stronger neurons in the brain’s gray matter by making them larger and healthier,” noted Dr. Raji. “This simple lifestyle choice increases the brain’s resistance to Alzheimer’s disease and lowers risk for the disorder.”\nImage of brains from the University of Pittsburgh\nArticle: Eating Fish Tied to Dramatic Drop in Alzheimer's Risk", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://solyvia.bigcartel.com/about-solyvia-cosmetique", "date": "2019-07-22T18:16:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195528208.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20190722180254-20190722202254-00419.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8671707510948181, "token_count": 402, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__174718566", "lang": "en", "text": "Inspired by the traditions of the Mediterranean island of Corsica, Solyvia Cosmétique draws on native plants used for centuries to treat many common skin and health ailments. Using a innovative extraction method, Solyvia Cosmétique products are derived from local ingredients of natural origin, biological farming and ECOCERT certified to produce HMC3® – a patented powerful anti-aging, anti-oxidant and cell regenerating formula.\nThe HMC3® Complex is a combination of five rare plants from Corsica with exceptional benefits to the skin, including:\n• Immortelle (Helichrysum Italicum) known for healing, anti-aging, and regenerating properties. Improves microcirculation that increases the production of collagen.\n• Myrtle (Myrtus Communis) is used as a stimulant, astringent, a natural tonic for dull and tired skin, resulting in skin stimulation and natural glow.\n• Wild Carrot (Daucus Carota) is a powerful skin cell regenerator that promotes renewal and growth of skin cells, as well as inflammatory properties that soothes and calms redness.\n• Landanifere Cistus (Cistus Ladaniferus) contains natural anti-wrinkle properties due to its astringent effect that tightens and tones. Used to treat those with skin irritations including rosacea and acne.\n• Sea Fennel (Crithmum Maritimum) has antioxidant properties, firming and skin cell regenerating benefits. Paired with Immortelle, it effectively combats the signs of aging.\nEfficient and Economical Roller-Ball Application\nSolyvia Cosmétique utilizes roller ball applicators that activate microcirculation; boosting the performance of the active ingredients by helping them penetrate deep for targeted areas for maximum results. And this method also ensures the right amount of product is applied, conserving both product and money.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://antimicrobial.com/products/turfaide/", "date": "2015-11-26T06:52:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398446535.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205406-00250-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8782930374145508, "token_count": 434, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-48__0__171338633", "lang": "en", "text": "|Defend your synthetic turf system from the growth of damaging bacteria, mold, mildew and algae with TurfD®—the only antimicrobial product in the world designed and tested specifically for use on synthetic turf. Microbial contaminants can affect the aesthetics and functionality of synthetic turf systems, causing staining, musty odors, restricted drainage routes, slippery algae growth and even black mold growth.\nOption 1: Using a Pump Sprayer\nOption 2: Using a Conventional Trailer Sprayer\nMRSA The Invisible Threat\nQ: Can bacteria, mold, mildew and algae really grow on synthetic turf?\nA: Yes. A synthetic turf system provides the necessary conditions to foster microbial growth.\n|Q: Won’t UV light from the sun keep my synthetic turf free of any harmful microbial contaminants?A: No. Aside from the fact that UV light isn’t enough to minimize the presence of microbes on synthetic turf, UV light doesn’t always reach every component of the field, such as crumb rubber.|\n|Q: How is TurfD® affected by weather?A: Once dried on the field, TurfD® creates an antimicrobial layer that is resistant to all weather conditions.|\n|Q: Will regular turf maintenance processes or equipment damage the antimicrobial layer?A: No. Basic debris removal, brooming and grooming of the field will not damage the TurfD® antimicrobial barrier.|\n|Q: Will TurfD® run off of cause a negative impact to the environment?A: No. TurfD® durably bonds to all the components of a turf system and will not come off.|\n|Q: If I use TurfD®, does that mean I never need to clean my field again?A: No. TurfD® creates an antimicrobial coating on turf that continually inhibits the growth of a wide range of microbial contaminants for three months. However, you should still clean and disinfect the field as you normally do to further enhance the effectiveness of TurfD® and maintain field hygiene.|\n|Back To Top|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.junglereef.us/post/otters-arriving-soon", "date": "2024-04-16T10:40:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817081.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416093441-20240416123441-00254.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9652467966079712, "token_count": 186, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__202942816", "lang": "en", "text": "It won't be long before playful otters are prancing around in their new Jungle Reef exhibit! We thought you would appreciate a sneak peek of these adorable aquatic mammals before they ship out to their new home in West El Paso.\nFive Facts About River Otters\nRiver otters can stay underwater for as many as eight minutes, swim up to seven miles per hour, and dive down 60 feet.\nOn land a river otter can run at speeds of up to 15 miles an hour — but they can slide even faster.\nRiver otters love to eat fish, frogs, turtles, crayfish, insects, and occasionally birds and small mammals.\nRiver Otters are playful creatures that can thrive on both land and in water, often socializing in small groups.\nRiver otters typically live to the age of 12 years, grow to three or four feet, and weigh 20 to 25 pounds on average.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://de.sano-d.com/surface-disinfection-fragrance-free", "date": "2023-12-04T06:23:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100525.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204052342-20231204082342-00345.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8551700711250305, "token_count": 239, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__92995042", "lang": "en", "text": "Antimicrobial Surface Disinfectant\nD’Pure is an antimicrobial disinfectant with medical DGHM/VAH certification and long-lasting depot effect. It is fragrance-free.\nD’Pure is based on the proven SANO-D Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide/Silver Ions Formulation which decomposes practically 100% to water and oxygen after application. No flammable of malodorous vapours are released. The main active ingredient is the environmentally friendly Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide, which is stabilized and its effect against microorganisms is massively increased by adding silver. The slightest traces of silver ions remaining on hands after disinfection inhibit new microbial growth over a period of up to 18 hours.\nD’Pure is suitable for hospitals, hotels, restaurants, spas and gyms.\nCleans & Disinfects\nKills 99.99% of germs & viruses in 1 minute\nEffective against: Bacteria, germs, viruses (coronavirus, influenza), biofilms, mould & yeast\nSafe and easy to handle\nSilver Ions Residue to prevent renewed contamination (Up to 18 Hours)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.intentionallynatural.com/blogs/news/lions-mane-exploring-the-beauty-wellness-benefits-of-this-natural-wonder", "date": "2024-03-01T20:24:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475701.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301193300-20240301223300-00895.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9296124577522278, "token_count": 591, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__208323471", "lang": "en", "text": "What is Lions Mane\nScientifically known as Hericium erinaceus, Lions Mane is a wild edible mushroom that is known to have many potential health benefits. It can be found in various parts of the world, particularly in North America, Europe & Asia. It's often found on hardwood trees, such as oak, beech & maple. In the wild, Lion's Mane grows on the trunks or branches of living or dead trees. The mushroom's unique appearance, resembling cascading spines or icicles, makes it easily recognizable when foraging in forested areas.\nRevered not only for its captivating appearance but also for its rich history as a medicinal mushroom. Which is deeply rooted in traditional Chinese medicine & recognized for centuries for its potential to enhance vitality. The active compounds in Lion's Mane include erinacines and hericenones, which are thought to have neuroprotective properties. These compounds may stimulate the production of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the brain, supporting nerve cell health & potentially contributing to cognitive function.\nIt's important to note that the classification of herbs & mushrooms as adaptogens may vary as scientific research on their effects is ongoing. If you're considering incorporating Lion's Mane or any other supplement into your routine, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional to ensure it aligns with your health goals & dos not have a detrimental impact on any existing conditions.\nBrain function benefits\nLion's Mane is renowned for promoting neurotrophic factors, fostering the growth & differentiation of neurons. Making it a natural support for brain health, aiding cognitive & memory function alike. Incorporating Lion's Mane into your routine may contribute to improved concentration, mental clarity while also providing a natural boost for optimal brain performance.\nAs an adaptogen, Lion's Mane helps the body adapt to stress, promoting a balanced mood & state of emotional well-being. It has shown to be potentially beneficial in reducing symptoms of anxiety & depression, offering a natural remedy for those seeking emotional equilibrium.\nNervous system benefits\nContaining compounds that stimulate nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis, contributing to nerve cell regeneration and maintenance. With regular consumption it may offer support to the nervous system, helping to alleviate neuropathic symptoms while supporting overall nervous system health.\nDigestive health benefits\nLinked to potential benefits supporting the gut-brain connection, supporting digestive health & overall wellness. Lions mane possess anti-inflammatory properties which may contribute to a healthy digestive system by reducing inflammation while also promoting gut health.\nLion's Mane's mystique is a wonder to unravel as ongoing research brings more information to light. From enhancing brain function to supporting mood regulation and promoting digestive health, Lion's Mane stands as a testament to the beauty and wellness found in the heart of nature.\nYou can find Lions Mane among 100% natural product below:\nEnjoy this article learn more:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.ywaste.co.za/product/3-tier-worm-farm/", "date": "2024-02-23T04:49:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474360.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223021632-20240223051632-00120.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9613689184188843, "token_count": 164, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__152222456", "lang": "en", "text": "3-Tier Worm Farm\nIt may seem a little odd that anyone would wish to produce worms in volume, until one considers that they are a very high source of protein and nutrients . Worms make an excellent animal feed . There is a reason why the early bird bothers running around and catching worms . Worms are also raised for fishing bait but they generally need a special diet to fatten them up . Worms also make a great fish food . In aquaculture they can be fed live to fish or dehydrated and ground up into a meal which is then fed as a powder or pellets . Birds love worms which are an excellent bird or chicken food . Poultry is probably best fed live worms as it simplifies the feeding process . This is especially true if the worm farm is close to where the birds are .", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://prairiecommunity.blogspot.com/2016/02/", "date": "2020-09-20T11:44:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400197946.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20200920094130-20200920124130-00257.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9534949064254761, "token_count": 545, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__292164852", "lang": "en", "text": "Mid-May 2015 was a lush growing time!\nIn the tangle of vegetation in the \"Postage Stamp\" (a half-acre on the south side of the bridge, between the driveway and the creek), appeared these interesting but puzzling plants. I was familiar with Saponaria officinalis, AKA Bouncing Bet, and these looked like Bouncing Bet writ large. But where Bouncing Bet is low & leafy, these plants were tall & rangy, with lots of naked stem. Still, those opposite leaves, the five petals, the tube-like capsule below the bloom--this had to be a relative. I pored over descriptions of Bouncing Bet's family, the Pinks (Caryophyllaceae), and found a few likely candidates--but always one detail or another didn't fit. Finally, I turned to Mark Mayfield at the KSU Herbarium. Mark quickly identified this sweet little plant: It is Sleepy Catchfly, Silene antirrhina.\n|Sleepy Catchfly is a native plant, unlike its|\nEuropean cousin Bouncing Bet.\nInsects might not think it's so sweet. There is a sticky substance on its stem that traps flies and other arthropods.\n|This annual plant |\nloves disturbed ground.\nThe ability to trap insects makes this plant \"protocarnivorous\" or \"paracarnivorous\"--on its way to becoming carnivorous or similar to carnivorous plants in some ways. Silene antirrhina catches insects but it doesn't digest them, as far as anyone knows.\nIs it evolutionarily on its way to developing the enzymes needed to digest insects? Or did it once have that ability and discard it along the way? Or does it retain a quality that is currently of no use to it but might be needed in the future--if it should grow on soil too poor, for example, to provide it with enough nitrogen?\nWhy would Catchfly bother to catch flies if it doesn't get any benefit out of it?\nSome other species trap insects which in turn draw predatory insects whose feces provide the host plant with nitrogen. Could my Catchfly be doing the same?\nOthers trap crawling insects on their stems with the result that only flying insects reach the blossoms--providing possible advantages for pollination, seed-protection, or seed-dispersal. The \"catchiness\" certainly slows down plant-eating crawlers as well.\nSo maybe my sticky plants do derive some benefit from trapping bugs--some benefit we have yet to discern.\nThat's for Catchfly to know and us to find out!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://gonnetchiropractic.com.au/neck-pain/", "date": "2022-05-28T14:13:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652663016853.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220528123744-20220528153744-00667.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9387755393981934, "token_count": 216, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__236792942", "lang": "en", "text": "Neck pain can refer to any soreness or stiffness in the neck area no matter how slight or severe and can often radiate up to the head or down into the shoulders, arms and fingers. A very common occurrence, neck pain affects 10-15% of the population at any given time, negatively impacting a person’s ability to engage in a healthy, active lifestyle. While it is possible that neck pain may alleviate itself over time, common reoccurrence or persistence may signify an underlying cause that needs to be addressed.\nOne of the leading causes of neck pain stems from poor posture, particularly when a person’s head in tilted forward for long periods of time. This causes strain on the muscles, tendons and ligaments, making them work harder. Sitting at a computer, reading a book and texting are the most common reasons for poor posture. Additionally, sleeping in the wrong position can overextend the neck or create fatigue in the spinal muscles and joints. Other common causes of neck pain include injury from sports or trauma such as whiplash.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.samharris.org/podcasts/making-sense-episodes/91-biology-good-evil", "date": "2024-03-04T07:38:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476432.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304065639-20240304095639-00299.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9417250156402588, "token_count": 162, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__150960368", "lang": "en", "text": "Sam Harris speaks with Robert Sapolsky about the brain and human behavior. They discuss the relationship between reason and emotion, the role of the frontal cortex, the illusion of free will, punishment and retributive justice, neurological disorders and abnormal behavior, the relationship between science and religion, and other topics.\nRobert Sapolsky is a professor of biology and neurology at Stanford University and the recipient of a MacArthur Foundation genius grant. He is the author of A Primate’s Memoir, The Trouble with Testosterone, Why Zebras Don’t Get Ulcers, and Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst.\nEpisodes that have been re-released as part of the Best of Making Sense series may have been edited for relevance since their original airing.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://irmasfinlandhouse.com/products/one-north-star", "date": "2023-04-02T00:24:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296950363.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401221921-20230402011921-00544.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9300832748413086, "token_count": 151, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__73924056", "lang": "en", "text": "Only 1 left!\nOne North Star\nFive toads hop, four brook trout swim, three elk graze, two loons call, and one beaver gnaws on a paper birch tree, all under one North Star. Through bog and marsh, along river and lake, across prairie and into the woods, children learn what lives where by counting the creatures on foot or in flight, swimming or perching in exquisite woodcut and watercolor illustrations created by Beckie Prange and Betsy Bowen in an artistic collaboration. For those looking for more about the pictured wildlife, Phyllis Root includes fascinating facts and information on the state’s ecosystems and the plants and animals that make their homes there.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sana-hemp.com/shop/cbda-capsules/magnesium-b12-capsules-60pcs/", "date": "2019-10-14T01:07:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986648481.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20191014003258-20191014030258-00496.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7205386757850647, "token_count": 230, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__168200329", "lang": "en", "text": "Enjoy this innovative dietary supplement from Sana Hemp Juice\nSANA CANNABIS SATIVA CAPSULES with Magnesium, Vitamin B6 and B12\nSana Cannabis Juice Capsules are now available with added magnesium, B6 and B12 vitamins. The benefits of these vitamins can be great, and Sana’s juice powder ensures an effective absorption of the added nutrient.\nB12 reduces fatigue and tiredness and contributes to the normal function of the nervous system. B6 contributes to the normal function of the immune system.\nContents: 60 capsules (33.5 g)\nIngredients: Magnesium Citrate, Cannabis Sativa Juice Powder, Capsule (Hydroxypropylcellulose, Gellan Gum)), Rice extract, B6 (Pyridoxal-5-phosphate), B12 (Cyanocobalamin)\nContent per day dose (2 capsules): Cannabis Juice Powder 250 mg\nMagnesium 56 mg (16% RI)\nVitamin B6 1.4 μg (100% RI)\nVitamin B12 2.5 μg (100% RI)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.nicefmradio.com/leading-us-health-experts-predicted-coronavirus-could-kill-65million-people-in-a-year-in-chilling-warning-three-months-before-the-outbreak-in-china/", "date": "2021-05-11T21:05:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243989856.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210511184216-20210511214216-00396.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9608096480369568, "token_count": 912, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__32256108", "lang": "en", "text": "Leading US health experts predicted a coronavirus could kill tens of millions of people in a chilling warning three months before the deadly outbreak in China.\nScientists at the prestigious Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security modeled a hypothetical pandemic on a computer as part of research last October.\nThe simulation predicted 65million people from every corner of the world would be wiped out in just 18 months.\nSo far the highly contagious disease currently ravaging China has killed 41 people and infected more than 1,200 – but experts predict the true number to be thousands.\nDr Eric Toner, a senior researcher at Johns Hopkins, said he wasn’t shocked when news of the coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan in late December.\nCoronaviruses are infections of the respiratory tract that can lead to illnesses like pneumonia or the common cold.\nOne was also responsible for the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in China, which affected 8,000 people and killed 774 in the early 2000s.\nDr Toner’s computer simulation suggested that after six months, nearly every country in the world would have cases of coronavirus.\nWithin 18 months, 65million people could die. The outbreak in Wuhan isn’t considered a pandemic, but the virus has been reported in 10 different nations.\nThe US, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam, Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau and Nepal have all confirmed cases.\nDr Toner’s simulation imagined a fictional virus called CAPS – a pandemic that originated in Brazil’s pig farms in the hypothetical scenario.\nThe virus in Toner’s simulation would be resistant to any modern vaccine. It would be deadlier than SARS, but about as easy to catch as the flu.\nHis computer modelled outbreak started small, with farmers coming down with fevers or pneumonia-like symptoms.\nIt then spread to crowded and poverty-riddled communities in South America.\nFlights were grounded and travel bookings were slashed in half. After six months, the virus had spread around the globe and a year later it had killed 65 million people.\nCORONAVIRUS: WHAT WE KNOW SO FAR\nWhat is this virus?\nThe virus has been identified as a new type of coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a large family of pathogens, most of which cause mild respiratory infections such as the common cold.\nBut coronaviruses can also be deadly. SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome, is caused by a coronavirus and killed hundreds of people in China and Hong Kong in the early 2000s.\nCan it kill?\nYes. Twenty-six people have so far died after testing positive for the virus.\nWhat are the symptoms?\nIts symptoms are typically a fever, cough and trouble breathing, but some patients have developed pneumonia, a potentially life-threatening infection that causes inflammation of the small air sacs in the lungs. People carrying the novel coronavirus may only have mild symptoms, such as a sore throat. They may assume they have a common cold and not seek medical attention, experts fear.\nHow is it detected?\nThe virus’s genetic sequencing was released by scientists in China to the rest of the world to enable other countries to quickly diagnose potential new cases. This helps other countries respond quickly to disease outbreaks.\nTo contain the virus, airports are detecting infected people with temperature checks. But as with every virus, it has an incubation period, meaning detection is not always possible because symptoms have not appeared yet.\nHow did it start and spread?\nThe first cases identified were among people connected to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan.\nCases have since been identified elsewhere which could have been spread through human-to-human transmission.\nWhat are countries doing to prevent the spread?\nCountries in Asia have stepped up airport surveillance. They include Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines.\nAustralia and the US are also screening patients for a high temperature, and the UK announced it will screen passengers returning from Wuhan.\nIs it similar to anything we’ve ever seen before?\nExperts have compared it to the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The epidemic started in southern China and killed more than 700 people in mainland China, Hong Kong and elsewhere", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://gloryjune.com/wordpress/?p=105", "date": "2024-02-23T07:21:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474361.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223053503-20240223083503-00626.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9735973477363586, "token_count": 654, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__60615573", "lang": "en", "text": "Today, while dancing amidst hundreds of snowdrops in the pre-spring sun and brisk breezes, I spotted a honeybee.\nWell, no, that’s not true. I wrote that line a little less than a year ago and never completed the essay. Today it is cloudy and bees tend to stay close to home under those conditions. The nearest bees, to my knowledge, come from a pair of hives perhaps a mile away in a city park. But there are breezes a-plenty today, though not brisk–it is over sixty degrees and glorious–and yes, hundreds of snowdrops are dancing.\nIt’s only January! And many of these little beauties have been blooming for a month, oblivious to the relentless freeze/thaw cycle of this strange winter. (It’s the end of January and I have never gotten my sled out!)\nSnowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) are amazing; they have always been magical and wondrous to me, the first flowers of the year, shouting out life in a seemingly dead landscape.\nIn Michiana where I grew up, I could expect to see these lovely harbingers breaking out of the snow in February, even though we had a good six more weeks of winter. Hard crusts of ice never deterred them. In more recent years they have come up earlier, and here in Central Indiana, I have come to expect at least some in late January; occasionally they have poked up as early as around the New Year. This year I had some budding at Christmas. I worried for them, but I need not have. Snowdrops have antifreeze in their leaves. The early bloomers, having survived several repeated bouts of nights in the ‘teens, are as bright and bouncy as they were a month ago. Snowdrops not only assure us of spring’s future arrival, but they generally last a long time, long enough to welcome the larger, more colorful daffodils and the delicate crocus that normally begin to appear in March. (This year, however, I have recently seen the odd daffodil in bloom. Something is clearly amiss with our climate.)\nHoping soon to begin my own hive, I have taken an interest in the hives of honeybees in the afore-mentioned city park. A few years ago I noticed that some bees were out and about in very early spring with little hope of finding the sustenance they sought. I offered some of my snowdrops to the park, which they accepted. The transplants are doing very well and have spread (they are blooming as I speak). That’s the other wonder of snowdrops–how they multiply! The majority of my hundreds came from three small clumps dug up from my homeplace twenty years ago. My backyard is now filled with them, and more have migrated around to the front. This puzzled me for years until I read that the snowdrop’s tiny seeds have a substance attractive to ants, and so they are spread by the insects. The bulbs, too, multiply, and these plants are survivors! The plant world offers role models for us all.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.buzzalive.com/stem-cell-therapy-for-spinal-cord-injury-patients-unethical-say-experts/", "date": "2024-04-18T07:34:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817200.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418061950-20240418091950-00456.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9402257204055786, "token_count": 553, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__201100215", "lang": "en", "text": "The Spinal Cord Society of India has warned doctors against offering stem cell therapy to spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.\nIn a statement published in the European Spine Journal, the expert body said that though there exists sufficient pre-clinical evidence in support of the safety and potency of cell-based interventions, the same is not able to be translated robustly at clinical level.\n“In the current scenario, any cellular intervention for SCI in humans is speculative and not proven. Thus, any offer of cellular interventions as ‘therapy’ with commercial implications is unethical,” the society has said.\nThis kind of injury, mostly caused due to fall from height or in road traffic accident, is a devastating ailment. It causes impairment of limb movement among others and, experts say, there is no established therapeutic intervention capable of restoring significant neurological function.\n“Stem cell therapy has the potential to repair and regenerate the spinal cord nerves damaged in an injury. But it hasn’t been proven yet. Research in this field is mostly at experimental stage,” said Dr H S Chabra, chief of Indian Spinal Injuries Centre (ISIC).\nNevertheless, he added, many centres have sprung up in big cities like Delhi and Mumbai that are using stem cell therapy to treat SCI. “Short of alternatives, many patients spend lakhs on the therapy. The failure to get any significant improvement makes them depressed and uninterested in conventional treatment even,” the ISIC director said.\nHe is the primary contributor to the position statement published in the European journal. Other authors include Geeta Jotwani from the Indian Council of Medical Research, Gourie Devi from Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, S L Yadav from AIIMS and Susan Charlifue from Craig hospital in USA.\nThe experts have opined that to stop the malpractice of marketing such ‘unproven’ therapies to a vulnerable population, it is crucial that all countries unite to form common, well-defined regulations or legislation on their use in SCI cases. Stem cell-based transplantation has been accepted as a standard therapy only in case of leukemia, burns and corneal regeneration. Other than these indications, stem cell interventions are still under trial, say experts.\nStem cell therapy emerged as a big thing in India after one private clinic based in south Delhi claimed to have successfully treated former Chattisgarh chief minister Ajit Jogi, who was paralysed completely in a road accident in 2004.\nMany centres provide stem cell therapy in the name of research or treatment and charge between Rs 2 lakh and Rs 4 lakh for a single shot of stem cell.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ru.leica-camera.com/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81-%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8B/2014/Press-Release-Leica-Camera-AG-and-the-WWT-continue-their-cooperation", "date": "2020-02-24T00:53:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145859.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20200223215635-20200224005635-00492.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.918890655040741, "token_count": 530, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__85173358", "lang": "en", "text": "Leica Camera AG and the WWT continue their cooperation\nLeica Camera AG continues to back the ambitious project of the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT) for the protection and preservation of the endangered spoon-billed sandpiper. This collaboration to save the unique wader from extinction began in 2013 and has now been renewed to guarantee the project’s long-term success. Leica Camera AG supports the breeding programmes and field expeditions of the WWT team and, in its function as exclusive optics partner of the organisation, equips its members with first-class optical equipment such as binoculars, spotting scopes and cameras for work in the field.\nFor several years now, the spoon-billed sandpiper has been the focal point of an intensive international rescue programme being carried out by the WWT and its partners in the bird’s north Siberian breeding grounds. Some of the fledglings are reared by hand and then released into the wild. The global population of the spoon-billed sandpiper has fallen to the critical level of only around 100 breeding pairs. Above all, environmental pollution, the extraction of fossil fuels and hunting pose particular threats to the survival of this bird with the characteristic spoon-shaped bill. Not least because of this situation, Leica Camera also helps raise awareness amongst the local population in the wintering colonies of the threat to this rare and charismatic bird.\nStephan Albrecht, head of the sport optics division at Leica Camera AG, says: ‘One of Leica’s primary focuses is on long-term and sustainable support for selected nature conservancy projects. For us, the decision to continue our collaboration with the WWT in their efforts to save the spoon-billed sandpiper from extinction was therefore a logical step. For conservationists, our binoculars, spotting scopes and cameras are the perfect tools for monitoring the sensitive breeding areas from an appropriate distance without disturbing this remarkable wading bird.’\nAbout Leica Camera\nLeica Camera AG is an internationally operating, premium-segment manufacturer of cameras and sport optics products. The legendary reputation of the Leica brand is founded on a long tradition of excellent quality. In combination with innovative technologies, all Leica products fulfil a common objective: better pictures, wherever perception and visualization matter. Leica Camera AG has its headquarters in Wetzlar, in the state of Hessen in Germany, and a second production site in Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal and operates its own worldwide network of regional organisations, Leica Retail Stores, Leica Galleries and Leica Akademies.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bogdan.dgsom.ucla.edu/pages/paintor/", "date": "2021-08-03T13:06:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154459.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20210803124251-20210803154251-00406.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.787809431552887, "token_count": 544, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__174798852", "lang": "en", "text": "PAINTOR: integration of functional and association data in fine-mapping studies\nFinding causal variants that underlie known risk loci is one of the main post-GWAS challenges. Here we present PAINTOR (Probabilistic Annotation INtegraTOR), a probabilistic framework that integrates association strength with genomic functional annotation data to improve accuracy in selecting plausible causal variants for functional validation. The main output of PAINTOR are probabilities for every variant to be causal that can be used for prioritization in functional assays to establish biological causality.\nPAINTOR 3.0 that incorporates multi-ethnic, multi-trait together with important sampling for improved computational speed can be downloaded here.\nIf your data is not imputed to the latest 1000Genomes (or other updated reference panel), we recommend doing so either from individual data or directly from summary association statistics (see ImpG-Summary).\nManuscripts describing PAINTOR:\nIntegrating functional data to prioritize causal variants in statistical fine-mapping studies.\nKichaev G, Yang WY, Lindstrom S, Hormozdiari F, Eskin E, Price AL, Kraft P,Pasaniuc B. PLoS Genetics 2014.\nLeveraging functional annotation data in trans-ethnic fine-mapping studies. (Cotterman award for best paper by a trainee in AJHG 2015)\nKichaev G, Pasaniuc B. Am J Hum Genet. 2015 Aug 6;97(2):260-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.06.007. PMID: 26189819\nImproved methods for multi-trait fine mapping of pleiotropic risk loci.\nKichaev G, Roytman M, Johnson R, Eskin E, Lindström S, Kraft P, Pasaniuc B. Bioinformatics. 2016 Sep 22. pii: btw615. PMID: 27663501\nPlease contact Gleb (email@example.com) or Bogdan (firstname.lastname@example.org) for any comments or suggestions related to the software.\nThe software is free for non-commercial use, and may be licensed for commercial use.\nThis web-site is based upon work supported by the National Institutes of Health under awards R03 CA162200 and R01 GM053275. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies above.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.insulinoma.net/english%20homepage/mainpage/subpage/Epostpran_hypo.htm", "date": "2022-01-19T20:20:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320301488.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220119185232-20220119215232-00598.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8251051902770996, "token_count": 1406, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__85379124", "lang": "en", "text": "In the presence of vegetative adrenergic symptoms postprandial hypoglycemia should only be considered if biochemical hypoglycemia does occur within 2-4 hours after intake of a standardized testmeal (rich in carbohydrates) during laboratory test conditions, e.g. as compared to a testmeal rich in proteins.\nPostprandial hypoglycemia typically may occur after a carbohydrate rich meal, thus also classified as \"alimentary hypoglycemia\". This is in contrast to fasting hypoglycemia or spontaneous hypoglycemia in insulinoma.\nEventually patients with an insulinoma may experience hypoglycemia within 3-6 hours after an oral glucose load or a meal (depending upon the insulin secretion pattern of the tumor). The hypoglycemia cannot be efficiently counterregulated, fasting needs to be withdrawn.\nPatients with postprandial hypoglycemia are able to counterregulate hypoglycemia adaequately and thus return to the normal range of blood glucose levels .\npostprandial hypoglycemia and \" d i a b e t e s \" ?\nVery often we face the erroneus notion, postprandial or meal-associated hypoglycemia mistakingly be seen as \"an early sign\" of diabetes mellitus ???\nIt is true that real hypoglycemia after a meal may occur early in the development of type II diabetes. However, this is caused by untimely delayed and therefore increased insulin secretion when elevated hyperglycemic blood glucose levels have been detected early-postprandially (so called right-shift of the insulin secretion curve).\nTypically, co-existence of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is found but not hypoglycemia alone. The HbA1c may be normal, too.\npostprandial hypoglycemia and\nNon-insulinoma pncreatogenic hypoglycemia-syndrome (NIPHS)\npostprandial hypoglycemia together with clearly neuroglycopenic symptoms may be a challenging issue if caused by non-insulinoma pancreatogenic hypoglycemia-syndrome / NIPHS (= islet cell hyperplasia, rarely hypertrophy ).\nAccording to J.Service (Mayo Clinic Rochester MN) this is probably the correct terminus for rare islet cell hyperplasia or nesidioblastosis in adults.\nThe oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) does not allow the diagnosis of postprandial hypoglycemia, since the \"meal\" is not physiological and the availibility of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract of short duration. Glucose tolerance testing is suitable for screening purposes.\nThe term \"reactive\" or \"functional\" hypoglycemia is outdated and should not be used.\nAdrenergic Postprandial Syndrome - APS\nDespite normal concentrations of blood glucose patients face unspecific symptoms (sweating, tremor, palpitations, anxiety, nausea) caused through autonomic adrenergic counterregulation. The adrenergic tone elicits the symptoms and simultaneously avoids hypoglycemia through biochemical mechanisms (action of epinephrine / adrenaline; see \"Gluco-Homeostasis\".\nAPS represents a reactive or functional dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system and should not be classified as \"hypoglycemia\". Terms like \"pseudohypoglycemia\" or even \"non-hypoglycemia\" should be avoided, since they do not address the virtual presence of discomfort reported by these patients.\nThe biochemically defined cutoff for hypoglycemia as tolerated in the brain is 2.8 mmol/l (50 mg/dl). A counterregulatory response (epinephrine/adrenaline and glucagon) is triggered at higher blood glucose levels in the range of > 60 mg/dl (cutoff 3.1-3.3 mmol/l). Glucagon does not cause symptoms, but epinephrine does.\nThe early dumping-syndrome does occur within 30 minutes in 10-15% of patients after resective gastric surgery. These are orthostatic hemodynamic symptoms induced secondary to a rise in intestinal osmotic pressure due to a rapid emptying of the osmotically active gastric content. Symptoms are characterized as adrenergic symptoms, in addition patients experience nausea, intestinal rumors, fullness, falling blood pressure with tachycardia/bradycardia.\nCauses are: catecholamines, serotonin, vasoactive kinines; intraluminal pressure. Eventually and depending upon the carbohydrate content transient hyperglycemia may even be seen.\nThe late dumping-syndrome is identical with true postprandial hypoglycemia in patients after gastric surgery caused by an imbalance of postprandial hyperinsulinemia and availability of carbohydrates.\nIt may occur in patients with dysfunction of intestinal motility without prior gastric surgery. Increase of the intestinal passage and contractions are mediated by the secretion of intestinal hormones / peptides (cholecystokinine - CCK, gastrin, motilin, neurotensin (?), substance P).\nCauses of postprandial hypoglycemia: 1. Increased insulin secretion (triggered through increased glucagon-like peptide 1 - secretion (\"early responder\") 2.\nRapid gastric emptying (after gastric surgery):\na. stimulation of insulin secretion\nb. stimulation of GLP-1-secretion, GIP (gastric insulinotropic polypeptide)\n3. Renal glucosuria 4. Increased insulin sensitivity (increased non-oxidative glucose metabolism) 5. Decreased insulin sensitivity (\"insulin resistance\") with initially decreased insulin response, thereafter right-shifted increased insulin response (\"late responder\"). 6. Decreased glucagon secretion / glucagon resistance (hyposensitivity of glucagon receptors) ?\nLiterature postprandial hypoglycemia: 1. Hogan MJ, Service FJ, Sharbrough FW, Gerich JE. Oral glucose tolerance test compared with a mixed meal in the diagnosis of reactive hypoglycemia. Mayo Clin Proc 58:1983, 491-496 2. Gastineau CF. Is reactive hypoglycemia a clinical entity? Mayo Clin Proc 58:1983, 545-549 3. Lefebvre PJ, Andreani D, Marks V, Creutzfeldt W. Statement on postprandial or reactive hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care 11: 1988, 439 4. Brun JF, Fedou C, Mercier J. Postprandial reactive hypoglycemia. Diabetes & Metabolism 26:2000, 337-351", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://piqualibrary.org/content/ohio-and-national-native-plant-month", "date": "2021-08-01T10:48:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154175.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20210801092716-20210801122716-00119.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8931156992912292, "token_count": 1367, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__133155843", "lang": "en", "text": "Ohio and National Native Plant Month\nApril is Ohio Native Plant Month and, starting this year, National Native Plant Month!\nIn July 2019, Ohio Governor Mike DeWine signed House Bill 59 of the 133 General Assembly into law, designating April as Ohio Native Plant Month. This made Ohio one of the country's first states to dedicate an entire month to our native plants.\nIn 2021, Senators Rob Portman (R-Ohio) and Mazie Hirono (D-Hawaii) introduced a resolution to declare April 2021 as National Native Plant Month. The resolution was based on unanimous consent on March 25th.\nThe Piqua Public Library has celebrated native plants through a variety of programs. In 2019, we hosted a month-long Native Gardening Series in March. Our series has had to be postponed due to COVID-19, but we look forward to offering it in the future. As a safe alternative to our in-person speaker series, we provided a no-contact Native Plant of the Week program. A new native plant was highlighted every week, and patrons could take home free seedlings or seed packets. The program ran for 24 weeks, from August to February, and gave away 1,648 plants and seed packets.\nThe Piqua Seed Library includes many native Ohio plant species. Patrons can choose from various seeds (including vegetable, herb, and flower seeds) to borrow from the Piqua Seed Library. After enjoying the harvest, we ask that they save some seeds and return them to the Seed Library so we can share them with others. Seed saving creates a seed stock well-suited to the Miami Valley climate, the plants are more pest-resistant, and growers save money on their seeds and plants. Seed saving helps create a culture of sharing and community, too!\nThe Ohio Native Plant Month website has many resources for learning about native plants and how you can add them to your home garden and landscaping.\nThe Piqua Public Library has some fantastic books on gardening with native plants in our collection. These are some of our favorites.\nNative Gardening Guides\n- Bringing Nature Home: How You Can Sustain Wildlife with Native Plants, Updated and Expanded by Douglas W. Tallamy and Rick Darke\n- Go Native!: Gardening with Native Plants and Wildflowers in the Lower Midwest by Carolyn Harstad\n- Growing the Midwest Garden by Ed Lyon\n- Landscaping With Wildflowers and Native Plants by William Wilson\n- Lawn Gone!: Low-Maintenance, Sustainable, Attractive Alternatives for Your Yard by Pam Penick\n- Native Plants of the Midwest: A Comprehensive Guide to the Best 500 Species for the Garden by Alan Branhagen\n- Natural Landscaping: Gardening with Nature to Create a Backyard Paradise by Sally Roth\n- Nature's Best Hope: A New Approach to Conservation That Starts in Your Yard by Douglas W. Tallamy\n- The Garden Awakening: Designs to Nurture Our Land and Ourselves by Mary Reynolds\n- The Humane Gardener: Nurturing a Backyard Habitat for Wildlife (How to Create a Sustainable and Ethical Garden that Promotes Native Wildlife, Plants, and Biodiversity) by Nancy Lawson\n- The Living Landscape: Designing for Beauty and Biodiversity in the Home Garden by Rick Darke and Douglas W. Tallamy\n- The Natural Habitat Garden by Kenneth Druse\n- The Self-Sustaining Garden: A Gardener's Guide to Matrix Planting by Peter Thompson\n- The Water-Saving Garden: How to Grow a Gorgeous Garden with a Lot Less Water by Pam Penick\n- Wildflowers in Your Garden: A Gardener's Guide by Viki Ferreniea and Carol Bolt\nNative Gardening Philosophy + Natural History\n- A New Garden Ethic: Cultivating Defiant Compassion for an Uncertain Future by Benjamin Vogt\n- American Green: The Obsessive Quest for the Perfect Lawn by Ted Steinberg\n- Discovery and Renewal on Huffman Prairie: Where Aviation Took Wing by David Nolin\n- Rambunctious Garden: Saving Nature in a Post-Wild World by Emma Marris\n- Thoreau's Garden by H. Peter Loewer and Henry David Thoreau\nGardening for Pollinators, Birds + Other Wildlife\n- 100 Plants to Feed the Bees: Provide a Healthy Habitat to Help Pollinators Thrive By Eric Lee-Mader and The Xerces Society\n- All-Season Backyard Birdwatcher (Quarry Book) by Marcus Schneck\n- Attracting and Feeding Backyard Birds by Carol Frischmann\n- Attracting Birds and Butterflies (Home Grown Gardening) by Barbara Ellis\n- Attracting Birds to Your Backyard: 536 Ways To Turn Your Yard and Garden Into a Haven For Your Favorite Birds By Sally Roth\n- Bee Garden by Elke Schwarzer\n- Bird and Butterfly Gardens (For Your Garden) by Warren Schultz\n- Bird-by-Bird Gardening: The Ultimate Guide to Bringing in Your Favorite Birds--Year after Year by Sally Roth\n- Birds in Your Backyard: A Bird Lover's Guide to Creating a Garden Sanctuary by Robert Dolezal\n- Butterflies in the Backyard by Scott Shalaway\n- Butterfly Gardening with Native Plants: How to Attract and Identify Butterflies by Christopher Kline\n- Garden Birds: How to Attract Birds to Your Garden by Noble S. Proctor\n- Gardening for Butterflies: How You Can Attract and Protect Beautiful, Beneficial Insects by Scott Black and The Xerces Society\n- Gardening for the Birds by Thomas G. Barnes\n- Nature's Gardens: Create a Haven for Birds, Butterflies-And Yourself! From Better Homes and Gardens\n- Ortho's All About Attracting Hummingbirds and Butterflies (Ortho's All About Gardening) by Ortho\n- Pollinators of Native Plants: Attract, Observe and Identify Pollinators and Beneficial Insects with Native Plants by Heather N. Holm\n- Songbirds in Your Garden by John K. Terres\n- The Bee-Friendly Garden: Design an Abundant, Flower-Filled Yard that Nurtures Bees and Supports Biodiversity by Kate Frey, Gretchen LeBuhn\n- The Butterfly Gardener's Guide (Brooklyn Botanic Garden All-Region Guide) by Claire Hagen Dole\n- Wildlife in the Garden: How to Live in Harmony with Deer, Raccoons, Rabbits, Crows, and Other Pesky Creatures by Gene Logsdon", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://potterjohn.com/1/post/2014/08/ikenobo-garden-party.html", "date": "2017-10-17T20:32:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187822488.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20171017200905-20171017220905-00153.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9191859364509583, "token_count": 271, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__14591011", "lang": "en", "text": "The August meeting of the Blue Ridge Chapter of the Ikenobo Ikebana Society\nwas today at our member Laura's Garden. Professor Emiko Suzuki discussed the \"In and Yo\" of selecting and cutting plant materials out in the garden for Ikenobo arrangements.\nShe also talked about the different ways parts of the same plant grow toward the light and which of these parts are most suitable for specific elements of an Ikenobo design. Using a \"Shoka\" arrangement as the example, Emiko showed us where to find the best material for \"Shin\" and \"Soe\" from a big azalea bush and how to study the growing pattern of a daisy to discover the best parts to cut for the \"Tai\" group.\nProfessor Suzuki shared her knowledge of how to best utilize the growing habits of different plant materials when planning a Free Style arrangement too. How one considers the plants can be influenced by whether the arrangement is right or left handed, upright, slanting or horizontal, the type of container used, and even the time of year (which can determine the availability of some materials).\nThank you Laura for opening your home and garden up to us. Thank you Professor Emiko Suzuki for sharing your knowledge and insight. And thank you again to Laura and all of the other members who contributed to a delightful luncheon.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://discoveringvictoriafalls.com/blog/meet-african-elephant-in-victoria-falls/", "date": "2023-12-06T08:04:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100583.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206063543-20231206093543-00323.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9536663293838501, "token_count": 1884, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__45993187", "lang": "en", "text": "Working with Elephants is a unique and rewarding experience that everyone should try.\nWhen visiting Victoria Falls, stop by the Wild Horizons Victoria Falls Elephant Sanctuary. Here you can see and learn about these fantastic creatures in their natural habitat! The elephant encounter is a once-in-a-lifetime experience you will never forget!\nElephants have been part of the Wild Horizons family for more than 25 years, and regardless of which phase in their care. From rescue to release back into the wild, it is all about what’s best for the elephants.\nThe Wild Horizons team are strong conservationists. Their ethic is associated with creating safe habitats and environments for the wildlife in Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, and surrounding areas.\nThe Wild Horizons Elephant Sanctuary\nThose at the helm of the elephants' care know that their work is important. They are provided with ample training to do so. They have come a long way from where they started and are now able to make sure that these majestic animals stay happy, healthy, and well-tended as always!\nClick here to meet the hero's who work with the elephants every day. They will tell you that each elephant is like a part of their own family. Some of these guys have worked at the sanctuary for many years and will have a wealth of information to share with you at the sanctuary.\nClick here to meet Jake, Coco, Naledi, Emily, Izibulo, Janet, Jock, and Jumbo. You can read about each of them and discover how uniquely different they all are.\nYou can also donate or even adopt your very own elephant.\nWild Horizons' main goal with the elephant encounter in Victoria Falls is to ensure that the elephants have the best care and quality of life. This also needs to be in the most natural environment possible. They know that elephants are intelligent and social creatures, so they try to provide them with as much stimulation as possible.\nThe Elephant Encounter\nThe African elephant is one of the most majestic animals on earth and being able to see them up close is a truly wonderful experience.\nThe Wild Horizons team\nThe team will make sure that you have an unforgettable time by making it possible for you to get comfortable with these giants in their natural habitat. They’re wild but they’re also gentle, curious, and highly social animals.\nThe Elephant Encounter provides guests with a unique opportunity to observe the biggest personalities in Africa. They can experience an untouched wilderness environment overflowing with natural beauty.\nYou will get to have a heart-to-heart with the elephants and connect in the most positive and natural way possible.\nThe Elephant Introduction\nThere is an open-design thatch BOMA where guests are given a breath taking view of the Masuwe River (a tributary of the Zambezi river). Here you will learn about and be educated on the Wild Horizons Elephant Sanctuary.\nYou will have an opportunity to talk to guides that have journeyed – physically and metaphorically, incredible distances with these elephants. They will tell you more about the complexities of the individuals and the herd structures.\nThey will tell you about the history of how these animals came to be saved by the Wild Horizons Elephant Sanctuary, as well as the threats that the natural elephant population faces daily and the solutions to help stop them.\nThe Elephant Experience\nThen, you will venture out into the bush to spend time with the elephants up close and personal in a true elephant encounter.\nThe Vic falls elephant keepers care deeply for these animals. They are responsible for looking after the many needs of the elephants, which is a tough job but also one of great importance to them!\nTake lots of photographs with the elephants, while you walk alongside them through the bush and chat with the guides.\nWhen you get back to the BOMA, it's treat time! You will have an opportunity to feed your newfound friends some tasty elephant snacks before enjoying a cool refreshment on the veranda and watching the elephants disappear back into the bush at the end of the activity.\nBy visiting the sanctuary, you become part of the solution. Your contributions will go a long way to ensure the future of Zimbabwe’s elephants and the efforts of continuing the care, anti-poaching, and educating the next generation about conservation in Africa.\nMany people worldwide are working to ensure elephant welfare is prioritized. Not only do they know that these magnificent animals need our help, but they also believe they deserve it.\nThe sanctuary was established in 1992 to provide an environment where elephants could roam freely, be cared for without fear from poachers while also being used as ambassadors on behalf of African elephant conservation efforts.\nIf you are interested in learning more about conservation in this area, then I'd recommend visiting Elephants without Borders, a global charitable organization that is dedicated to conserving wildlife and natural resources in several different ways.\nThe folks in Victoria Falls truly care about keeping Africa in a pristine condition by collectively working together on all things wild, and to ensure that this beautiful land and its inhabitants will be around for generation after generation to enjoy.\nAfrican Elephants are on the Endangered List\nThere are two separate species of the African elephant, the savannah and the forest elephant.\nThe African savanna elephant is the larger of the two species and moves through open grasslands across most of East and Southern Africa. At up to four meters high and weighing nearly 10 tonnes, savanna elephants are the largest land animal alive today.\nThe forest elephant is smaller and reaches around 2.5 meters and weighs up to four tonnes, making this animal, one of the smallest members of the elephant family living in rainforests spread across much of Africa's interior regions.\nWhat the Authorities say\nThe latest International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List studies have shown that the two species are doing much worse than was originally thought.\nAfrican elephants are officially in danger of extinction, steady drops in population have been recorded, mainly due to poaching and shrinking habitat from deforestation. Both savanna and forest populations have been classified as endangered, but it is the forest species that has suffered the most in recent times.\nAndrew Terry, the Director of Conservation at the Zoological Society of London, says, 'Conservation efforts to protect savanna elephants have seen many populations begin to recover, but sadly the same is not true for forest elephants.\n5 Interesting Elephant Facts\nHave you ever wondered what makes elephants so unique? Well, besides being the largest land animals on earth, they are also very intelligent and have excellent memories. Here are 5 interesting facts you may not know about elephants.\nFear of Bees\nYou might think elephants are fearless because of their size, but you’d be wrong. They fear bees and even something that sounds like a swarm of bees has been known to make elephants scatter or stampede.\nThe African elephant also has a fear of ants. Elephants have sensitive trunks which are packed full of nerve-ending and scientists believe this causes them to experience intense pain from any stings or bites, including the painful sting of a bee or single ant bite.\nElephants are a keystone species.\nThis means that whole ecosystems depend on them for survival, and important plant and animal species exist because of them. One example is the dung beetle, which exists because of elephant dung.\nThe baobab tree relies on elephants for both moisture and nutrients to live; without the elephant, the tree dies.\nEcosystems that once had elephants, but do not anymore, can become deserts. Watch this fun video, to see how elephants help keep nature growing.\nRight-handed or left?\nJust as humans have a dominant right or left hand, elephants are usually more comfortable using one tusk rather than the other during fights or for functional pursuits, such as stripping bark from a tree or lifting objects.\nElephant tusks are made of ivory, which is very dense and largely consists of a material called dentin, which is also found in teeth! Dentin features at number 3 on the Mohs' scale of mineral hardness.\nElephants can recognize themselves\nA landmark study showed that, unlike a chimpanzee which might mistake an image of itself for another animal in the mirror, African elephants typically identify themselves first when looking at their reflection.\nHumans are only around two years old when they fully recognize themselves. Baby elephants, on the other hand, appear to demonstrate a high level of self-awareness in intelligence testing.\n\"These studies could have profound implications for our understanding of the species and how we can protect elephants for the long-term in Africa\" –and worldwide.\nKnowing that elephants are intelligent and have high-level thinking abilities may give more support to their rights and protection.\nA trip to the Wild Horizons Elephant Sanctuary will not only leave you with a thrilling experience, but you will have learned something about these magnificent animals and the people who work with them.\nBy booking this activity, you play a small, but very vital role in the ongoing conservation efforts of African elephants in the region.\nFor more interesting and fun things to do in Victoria Falls, Check out out Activities Page.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://megamodapk.com/human-anatomy-atlas-2023/", "date": "2023-11-29T06:25:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100056.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129041834-20231129071834-00480.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.894527018070221, "token_count": 1061, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__301161579", "lang": "en", "text": "Users can learn about all human body parts from the head & neck to the knee & foot and from the circulatory system to the reproductive system in detail in the Human Anatomy Atlas 2023. It is one of the best medical applications offered by the Visible Body and has a 4.5 rating out of 5. Also, it’s the #3 top medical app on the Play Store. It features very detailed 3D interactive models to study human anatomy and supports the Augmented Reality (AR) view.\nAlso Check: Health Pal Fitness\nInteractive 3D Anamotical Model\nIn this app, you can learn about all anatomical structures with the interactive 3D anatomy model that has all body organs & structures perfectly designed with sharp graphics and with every tiny detail. It has multiple views such as regions view, systems view, gross anatomy lab, cross sections, microanatomy, and muscle actions. You can use them to see the structures in specific ways. Also, you can interact with the model like rotate, moving, zooming in/out, selecting any structure, etc.\nVarious Anatomy Views\nThe anatomy models of various body parts, organs, and structures are categorized into multiple views. Below, we have explained these anatomical views.\nRegions – In the regional view, you can select the anatomy course based on the regional part of the body such as the head, neck, spine, hips, knee, foot, etc.\nSystem – In the system view, it shows the anatomy courses based on the functions of the body such as the respiratory system, digestive system, muscular system, urinary system, etc.\nGross Anatomy Lab – In this view, the anatomy model will be on the dissection table. It’s similar to the gross anatomy of a body in an anatomy lab. You can change the position of the model from prone to supine. It also supports AR view. You can use it to place the body on a surface around you.\nCross Section – In this view, along with the anatomy model, you can also see the images of CT scans, MRI scans, diagnostic imaging, and cadaver scans of the selected structure.\nMicroanatomy – It includes the anatomy at a smaller level than the system anatomy. You can see the anatomy of the sensory parts like the eye, lens, ear, tongue, etc., dental anatomy, skeletal muscle, heart wall, the structure of blood vessels, and other similar anatomies.\nMuscle Action – It includes the movements of bones & muscles of specific body parts. Mandible elevation, depression, protraction & retraction, head rotation, shoulder flexion, shoulder medial rotation, elbow flexion, hit flexion, hip adduction, foot digits flexion & extension, all movements are included in it.\nDetailed Overview of Every Anatomical Structure\nWhen you select any anatomical structure, it shows its English name as well as the Latin name. Also, it shows three options. The first option shows the definition of the selected structure. The second option shows all related pathologies. And the third option pronounces the name in English. A fourth option also appears when you select a bone. Using that option shows the bony landmarks of the selected bone and attached muscles.\nHuge Library of Patient Education Animation Videos\nIt also has a library of animated videos that explain the key physiology and pathologies. The topics it covers are bones & skeletal muscles, cells & tissues, respiration & circulation, nutrition & elimination, and system overviews. The pathology topics are respiratory & circulatory pathologies, digestive & urinary pathologies, and muscle & bone pathologies. Advanced & more detailed animation videos of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, and urinary system are also available on this app.\nQuizzes & Lab Activities\nTo see how much you have learned about human anatomy, you can take quizzes in this app. You can select any functional system of the body to start the quiz. The quiz will give you an anatomy model and structure name. You will have to find that structure by dissecting the model.\nMOD Version of Human Anatomy Atlas 2023\nIn the MOD version of Human Anatomy Atlas 2023, you are getting the following features:\nPaid Unlocked – It’s the unlocked version of the app and costs you nothing.\nAll In-app Content Unlocked – The Video library of patient education animations, advanced animations, and 3D dental anatomy are also unlocked.\nAlso Check: MyFitnessPal\nFrequently Asked Questions-Answers:\nYes. It doesn’t require rooting for the installation. It’s malware-free, virus-free, and entirely safe for use.\nYes. You can hide all the structures related to an organ without affecting other structures. To do that, tap on the System button, then select the body region and then unselect the body organ. All structures related to that organ will be hidden.\nHuman Anatomy Atlas 2023 is the best medical app for learning about human organs & structures. Its 3D interactive models for every body part are designed with great details and provide detailed information.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://fruitcruz.org/health/what-role-do-microgreens-play-in-urban-indoor-farming-for-enhancing-nutritional-intake/", "date": "2024-04-20T03:04:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817474.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420025340-20240420055340-00517.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9373828172683716, "token_count": 1267, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__57109127", "lang": "en", "text": "The rapid surge of urbanization has led to a boost in the popularity of urban indoor farming, with microgreens taking center stage. For city dwellers, this form of agriculture is not just a trendy hobby; it’s a sustainable, nutritious, and efficient way to grow food right within the confines of their homes. But what exactly are microgreens, and what role do they play in urban indoor farming for enhancing nutritional intake? Let’s delve into this intriguing topic.\nBefore we can discuss the role of microgreens in urban indoor farming, we must first define what they are. Microgreens are young vegetable greens, harvested just after the cotyledon leaves have developed. They are usually about 1-3 inches tall and come in a variety of flavors, colors, and textures.\nMicrogreens are not to be confused with sprouts or baby greens. Sprouts are the very first shoots of a plant, harvested within days of germination, while baby greens are older and larger than microgreens.\nMicrogreens are incredibly nutrient-dense and are used in a wide array of dishes, from salads to sandwiches, and even as garnishes. They’re also remarkably easy to grow, making them a popular choice for urban indoor farming.\nThe rise of urban indoor farming with microgreens is not only due to their vibrant flavors and aesthetic appeal. Their popularity stems from the numerous health benefits they offer, making them a potent tool for enhancing nutritional intake.\nMicrogreens are packed with vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other essential nutrients that the body requires for optimal functionality. Studies show that these tiny greens can contain up to 40 times more nutrients than their mature counterparts. For example, red cabbage microgreens have six times more vitamin C and 69 times more vitamin K than mature red cabbage.\nFurthermore, microgreens can help combat chronic diseases. They contain polyphenols, a type of antioxidant that’s linked to a reduced risk of heart disease, Alzheimer’s, cancer, and more.\nMicrogreens contribute significantly to the sustainability of urban indoor farming. They have a short growth cycle, taking only 1-2 weeks from seed to harvest. This makes them a highly efficient food source, as they can be grown and harvested multiple times in a year, even in small spaces.\nMoreover, microgreens require less water and land compared to traditional crops. This makes them ideal for urban areas, where space and resources are often limited. Also, they reduce the need for long-haul transportation of food, as they can be grown right at home, minimizing carbon emissions and contributing to a healthier planet.\nMicrogreens also have a positive impact on the economy of urban areas. Due to their high nutritional content and culinary versatility, they command a higher market price than many other vegetables. Urban indoor farmers can potentially turn a handsome profit by selling these nutritious sprouts to local restaurants, food trucks, and health-conscious consumers.\nImportantly, the businesses sprouting from the sale and distribution of microgreens contribute to local economic growth and job creation. They also offer an opportunity for urban dwellers to become self-sufficient, reducing their dependence on external food sources.\nThe future of microgreens in urban indoor farming looks very promising. With advancements in farming technologies, such as hydroponics and aeroponics, growing microgreens indoors is becoming increasingly efficient and accessible.\nMoreover, as awareness of the health benefits and sustainability of microgreens continues to grow, so too does their popularity. They are not only becoming a staple in the food industry, but also a symbol of the urban farming movement.\nIn closing, microgreens play an integral role in urban indoor farming. From their high nutritional value to their contribution to sustainability and local economies, they have proven to be more than just a fad. As we move towards a more sustainable future, microgreens will continue to grow in importance, transforming the way we farm and consume food in urban areas.\nFood insecurity, characterized by limited or uncertain access to nutritious food, is a major concern in urban areas. Microgreens can play a vital role in solving this issue due to their high nutritional value and ease of cultivation. Because they require minimal space and resources, they are an ideal solution for people living in compact urban environments.\nMicrogreens represent a versatile, low-cost food option that can be grown year-round, regardless of the weather conditions outside. Their rapid growth cycle means they can provide a steady supply of fresh produce to urban dwellers. As such, they can help mitigate food insecurity by providing a reliable source of vital nutrients to people who might not otherwise have access to them.\nFurthermore, the ease of growing microgreens might inspire more people to start their own indoor gardens, thereby promoting a culture of self-sustainability. This can contribute to the overall health of urban communities, as individuals can take control of their nutritional needs without relying solely on external food sources.\nIn the not-too-distant future, we might see microgreens becoming a staple in the diets of urban dwellers. Thanks to their immense health benefits, ease of cultivation, and minimal resource requirements, they naturally fit into the urban lifestyle. As more people become aware of the advantages of consuming microgreens, their popularity is likely to skyrocket.\nUrban indoor farming, particularly with microgreens, is an innovative solution to several challenges posed by urbanization. It can enhance the nutritional intake of urban populations, promote sustainability, stimulate local economies, and even combat food insecurity. Therefore, microgreens are not just a trendy addition to our diets; they are a paradigm shift in how we approach food production and consumption in urban scenarios.\nIndeed, the role of microgreens in urban indoor farming extends beyond enhancing nutritional intake. They are a testament to our ability to adapt and innovate in the face of challenges. As we continue to refine our urban farming techniques and technologies, microgreens will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping the future of food in our cities. After all, they are not just a source of nutrition, but a symbol of resilience, sustainability, and self-sufficiency.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://reagen.us/product/269-en.html", "date": "2023-05-29T18:33:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644907.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529173312-20230529203312-00194.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8303807377815247, "token_count": 256, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__235545139", "lang": "en", "text": "REAGEN This kit is a lyophilized fluorescent PCR test used to detect Dengue virus. When using, just add nucleic acid sample to make the reaction mixture for use On-board testing.\nKit Contents, Storage and Shelf Life\nRT-PCR Mix(lyophilized powder)\nPositive control (lyophilized powder)\nNote: Kit components of different batch numbers cannot be used interchangeably\nStore:The test reagents in the kit have been vacuum-packaged and stored in aluminum foil bags, and can be stored for 24 months in the dark and moisture-proof condition. After the vacuum package is opened, unused reagents must be sealed together with desiccant in a ziplock bag, stored in an aluminum foil bag, and used as soon as possible.\nNeed To Bring Your Own Equipment and Reagents\n1. Fluorescence PCR machine\n2. Micro pipette and pipette tip\n3. Special reaction tube cover for fluorescent PCR\n4. Fluorescent PCR reaction tube\n5. Nuclease-free water\n6. Nucleic acid extraction reagents", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.peterlundgren.co.uk/2010/11/26/cloning-the-government-out-of-step-again-with-the-consumer/", "date": "2022-07-01T16:40:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103943339.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220701155803-20220701185803-00090.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9637100100517273, "token_count": 1333, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__236237765", "lang": "en", "text": "Its nearly 4 years since the first off-spring of a cloned cow was born on a UK farm but it seems to me that the government is no more prepared than it was back then.\nGM Freeze comment to the news that the governments advisory panel believes cloning is “safe hypothetically speaking”. And below my comments from Jan 07 when the first off-spring of a cloned cow was born on a UK farm\nGM Freeze press release\nImmediate Release 25 November 2010\nGovernment Must Consider All Issues on Cloned Animals\nGM Freeze is calling on the Government to look at all issues including food safety, animal welfare , ethics and socio-economics before deciding whether to allowed cloned animals, their off-spring and products into the UK.\nToday the Advisory Committee on Novel Food and Processes (ACNFP) issued an opinion that products of cloned animals are safe to eat. GM Freeze says that there is a lot of evidence that the cloning process has a profound impact on the health and welfare of the animals. Only a minority of cloned embryos survive to full term and the life expectancy of cloned offspring is low because of breathing difficulties, tumours and organ malfunction  and other less noticeable impacts could impact on the quality and safety of cloned products.\nThe group say that cloning is also a retrogressive step for farming. The introduction means that farmed livestock will be drawn from a shrinking gene pool at a time when many have realised that the inbreeding of dairy cattle for milk production has had a detrimental impact on the life their expectancy, reproduction and overall health.\nEarlier in 2010 the FSA admitted that they had no way of tracing cloned animals or their offspring in the UK . The revelation in the summer of 2010 that cloned meat had already entered the market here came as a result of media coverage in the USA rather than the FSA’s own efforts to monitoring the movement of clones which they knew were in the country.\nCloning of farmed animals is not legal in the European Union and the European Parliament called for a moratorium in summer 2010 pending the introduction of legislation to regulate it. FSA opinion research show there is widespread public opposition to the introduction of cloning and a Which? survey in 2008 found 80% of people opposed. UK supermarkets have told GM freeze that they will no stock products from cloned sources\nCommenting Pete Riley of GM Freeze said;\n“ Cloning is a highly controversial issue with little public support. The very high death rate and existence of health problems in clones points to the fact that the impacts of cloning are poorly understood and we need to be looking in greater detail at the differences between clones and animals produced by conventional breed techniques. It takes livestock farming further down the route of intensification where high outputs to produce cheap food are the main objective.\nThe Government and FSA must take the widest possible view of the impacts of cloning on our food, farming and countryside including ethical, animal welfare and socio-economic as well as food safety. The views of the public must also figure strongly.\nCloning will be another step in making animals mere commodities that can be traded globally. The high failure rate of cloning and its impact on the health and welfare of the animals must also be a major factor in deciding if cloning should go ahead”.\nCalls to : Pete Riley 07903 341065\n2. Quoted in the Daily Mail, 16 September 2010. See http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1312414/Clone-food-shops-years.html#ixzz0zgcT5J8n\nCLONING Jan 07\nThere was a terrible feeling of deja-vu about the media storm that followed the revelation that a daughter of a cloned cow has been born on a UK farm.\nJust as with the GM debacle the government seemed to be wholly unready for the public and media reaction against the use of this technology in the food chain.\nIt took the Daily Mail to draw the nation’s attention to the latest failure of Defra by exposing the latest excess of genetic science imported from the USA and forcing Defra into admitting that they don’t know if cloned animals or their progeny are being imported into the UK.\nBut Defra is so pro-genetic science that it is blind to the concerns of the public and has failed to introduce any regulation on the import of these animals\nThis admission must have come as a surprise to the all milk and beef farmers who spend too much of their time in the tiresome bureaucratic exercise of ensuring that their cattle have the all paperwork that follows the animals from birth to slaughter.\nNow I am certainly not calling for more regulation to be imposed on farmers but the public are so nervous around cloning – and with good reason looking at the plethora of websites devoted to the issue and the number of eminent scientists warning against the irresponsible use of this powerful technology.\nAfter the furore that met Dolly the sheep and the recent statement from the Food Standards Agency in the USA that products from cloned animals can be allowed in the US food chain – fortunately the EU expressly forbids products from cloned animals into the EU food chain – it beggars belief that there is no appropriate regulation.\nIt was even more disappointing to hear the NFU defending Defra’s incompetence and demanding that farmers should have ready access to cloning technology making the argument that dairy farmers need this technology to become more ‘ efficient’.\nPresumably ‘efficient’ means producing more milk for less return.\nMany in the dairy industry, along with consumer organisations, now recognised that producing more and more milk at lower and lower farmgate prices is never going to address the problem of a failing dairy industry or secure supplies of high quality dairy products for the consumer.\nHowever a significant number of farmers are still wedded to the belief that technology will deliver greater yield and greater prices – and thus deliver them from all their problems. Even though the evidence of recent years, where increased production has led to lower prices, would suggest otherwise.\nIt seems to me that farmers are on a technology treadmill that makes them run faster and faster but not get anywhere. I would argue that ensuring profitability is far more important than increasing output and that sometimes less can be more.\nBut my fear is that in adopting these technologies farmers risk alienating themselves from the public and will reduce public confidence in our products – and without public confidence and support the future really does look bleak.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://drjohnrosa.com/pain-relief-that-doesnt-come-in-a-bottle-part-one-forest-bathing/", "date": "2023-09-30T06:48:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510603.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930050118-20230930080118-00710.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9346528649330139, "token_count": 390, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__209090803", "lang": "en", "text": "People the world over have long known about the benefits of safe sunbathing and how exposing our skin to the sun for short periods of time creates essential Vitamin D. Spending time out of doors in nature has always been recognized as healthy. What many people may not know –especially those who suffer from chronic pain – is that immersing yourself in nature may help to relieve chronic pain.\nWhile many people enjoy the benefits of sunbathing, the Japanese have long enjoyed forest bathing. It’s called “shinrin-yoku.” This is the very simple act of spending time in the forest connecting with the environment.\nThe Japanese attribute the sounds of the forest, the scent of the trees, the sunlight playing through the leaves, the fresh, clean air with providing a sense of comfort. These sensations ease stress and worry, help us humans to relax and to think more clearly. Being in nature can restore our mood, give us back our energy and vitality, refresh and rejuvenate us. Of course, if you don’t have access to an actual forest, any green space and natural environment will do.\nIn 2009, Forest-therapy expert Yoshifumi Miyazaki published a paper that reviewed previous research on the physiological effects of shinrin-yoku. After analyzing evidence from field experiments conducted in 24 forests in Japan, he concluded that when compared to city settings, spending time in forest environments could:\n•lower concentrations of cortisol\n•lower pulse rate, lower blood pressure\n•increase parasympathetic nerve activity (the relaxation response)\n•lower sympathetic nerve activity (the fight-or-flight aka stress response)\nEach of the results listed above directly contribute to the lessening of pain. Stay tuned for more pleasurable and pain-relieving activities that are free and can set you free from the life-draining habit of popping yet another pill.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.biomassenergycentre.org.uk/portal/page?_pageid=75,17978&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL", "date": "2016-09-28T01:51:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738661289.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173741-00165-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9467682838439941, "token_count": 345, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-40__0__194884465", "lang": "en", "text": "Manures collected from animals such as cattle and pigs during periods of the year when they are housed, typically contain 6-10% dry matter and so are not appropriate for combustion or gasification without energetically and financially costly drying.\nThey are also inefficient to transport any distance or store owing to the high proportion of water.\nHowever some energy technologies make use of biomass in an aqueous slurry, and these can make efficient use of such 'wet' materials. The high water, and low dry matter content means that the most appropriate energy technology for making use of animal slurries is anaerobic digestion for the production of biogas.\nDairy cattle typically produce between 42 kg and 64 kg (depending on body weight) of manure per day, so if they are housed for 50% of the year that corresponds to 7.6-11.6 tonnes pa per cow. Between them the UK herd of 2 million dairy cows produces around 20 million tonnes of slurry, equivalent to around 2 million tonnes of dry matter (at 10%).\nThe resource from the UK beef herd of 1.8 million will be less, as they typically spend less time housed, though may still be in excess of 5 million tonnes (wet) pa.\nPigs and sheep\nThere are also 4.9 million pigs in the UK and 20 million sheep. However, as sheep are kept almost entirely outdoors collecting their manure may not be practical.\nOther uses for animal slurry\nAnimal slurry is widely used as a fertilizer and there are a number of methods to spread it on the land, though recent concerns about loss of ammonia to the air means that Defra now advises against broadcast spreading.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://karolina-acupuncture.com/blog/acupuncture-to-aid-fertility-and-pregnancy/", "date": "2023-09-22T14:16:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506420.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922134342-20230922164342-00858.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9493905901908875, "token_count": 676, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__216751847", "lang": "en", "text": "Acupuncture To Aid Fertility And Pregnancy\nAcupuncture is an effective treatment that can increase fertility, and can increase chances of giving birth to a healthy child.\nAcupuncture is the process of inserting needles along the lines of the body that stimulates acupressure points in order to ease any bodily pain and reduce stress. It comes from Ancient China were it has been practiced for thousands of years, developed to unclog the lanes that allow positive energy to flow through the body.\nToday, it has been adapted for other uses, including boosting woman’s fertility. Research has indicated that acupuncture can help women conceive because it relieves stress and anxiety.\nAcupuncture has also been proven to reduce depression, which is a common problem for women with infertility.\nOur body while under stress produces Cortisol hormone, which has been linked to raise the risk of having a miscarriage. To produce Cortisol the adrenal gland needs progesterone, but we need our progesterone to maintain healthy menstrual cycle and to support pregnancy and avoid miscarriage. After acupuncture treatment patients are relaxed and Cortisol levels are lower.\nAcupuncture when used with Western fertility treatments can increase conception rates by 26%.\nThere has been a recent study from Tel Aviv University that reports, “When combining IUI with TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) treatments, 65.5% of the test group were able to conceive, compare with 39.4% of the control group, who received no herbal or acupuncture therapy.”\nThere is even another form of acupuncture: electro-puncture. Electrical stimulation in the needles go to the nerves and helps the body release its endorphins, creating positive effects on fertility. Other studies and medical research confirm that acupuncture can increase blood flow to the reproductive organs and balance endocrine system. By increasing the flow of blood to the ovaries and uterus acupuncture is helping eggs to be stronger, nourished and carried to term.\nWhile the results are still too soon to say, early research found that women who did acupuncture for pregnancy were more likely than women who made small changes to get pregnant through in-vitro fertilization.\nThe practice of acupuncture is safe with a licensed professional.\nThe acupuncturist will use different points on the head, legs, arms and belly to begin stimulating with needles. Points on the head help with relaxation, points around the belly open up pathways for blood to the ovaries, and points around the legs promotes blood flow to other reproductive organs. The needles are put in for 20-25 minutes as the person relaxes in a quiet room.\nMost miscarriages take place within the first three months of pregnancy, women are treated with acupuncture through the first 12 weeks weekly and after that they might continue with the treatment less frequently and treatment is safe to have during pregnancy. Acupuncture can be used to take care of any fertility disorder, especially when combined with herbal remedies, hyperprolactinemia, and polycystic ovation syndrome. It even helps men that may be affected with sperm-DNA-fragmentation that also plays a role in the cause of miscarriages.\nWhen looking for an acupuncturist in Reading (UK), always see an acupuncturist who specializes in treating fertility disorders rather than just a traditional acupuncturist.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.prodyurology.com/services/", "date": "2022-05-28T22:23:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652663021405.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220528220030-20220529010030-00097.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9454510807991028, "token_count": 1186, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__112349910", "lang": "en", "text": "Our team can't wait to create a custom treatment plan for your specific needs.\nSoftWave patented technology releases soundwaves that increase blood flow up to 20x and break down scar tissue. The ultimate combination to cure erectile dysfunctions, Peyronie's, or different pelvic pains. Not only do the majority of patients feel this immediate relief but also increased cell growth and activated cell migration providing long-term results as well. A viable alternative to repetitive pill consumption or an invasive surgery. Popular indications include:\nPRP stands for Platelet Rich Plasma. PRP is in the category of regenerative autologous treatments, which means it comes from your own blood and can stimulate cellular regeneration and tissue repair. Platelets are one of the cells in our blood and when activated, they can release growth factors and other proteins. Our bodies have a remarkable capacity to heal themselves. Regeneration of new tissue is accomplished by the natural production of stem cells. PRP involves concentrated platelets, rich in bioactive proteins, which release growth factors to stimulate cellular regeneration and accelerate tissue repair.\nThe benefits of PRP were initially used in wound healing, dentistry, and the treatment of sports injuries, but now have evolved to address aesthetic concerns, sexual wellness/dysfunction, overactive bladder, and urinary incontinence. PRP is one of the most advanced, effective natural treatments for cellular repair AND rejuvenation throughout the body.\nA vasectomy is a safe and effective method for providing permanent contraception.\nNo-Scalpel: The no-scalpel vasectomy is a minimally invasive procedure that is completed without a needle and scalpel. The main difference between a no-scalpel vasectomy and a vasectomy is the way the doctor approaches the vas deferens. In a no-scalpel vasectomy, a small clamp is poked through the skin of the scrotum and then opened to close the vas deferens. This is a quick office procedure with very little bleeding, less discomfort, and a 40% quicker recovery with no scar.\nClassic: During a vasectomy, a doctor makes one or two small openings in your scrotum and cuts the vas deferens from each testicle. Once they are sealed, the skin is closed with stitches. Most men can return to work in one to two days.\nVasectomy Reversal: Having a change of heart concerning your past decision to get a vasectomy? We offer Reversal Vasectomy or Vasovasostomy at very reasonable prices. Same-day surgery procedure with a very high success rate. Dr. Prody has performed over 1000 vasectomy reversal procedures with excellent outcomes.\nErectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition in which a man can’t achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse. ED is a common occurrence as men age. ED is diagnosed if the condition lasts longer than a few weeks or months. We use patented technology triggering soundwaves to activate stem cell migration and increase blood flow up to 20x for long term results.\nBenign prostatic hyperplasia, also known as BPH, is an enlarged prostate. The prostate gland, found only in males, is located below the bladder, and as the prostate enlarges, the gland presses against the urethra. This pressure leads to problems passing urine. BPH is\nnot a form of cancer and does not develop into cancer.\nAfter skin cancer, prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. Prostate cancer can be diagnosed through a prostate-specific antigen blood test or a digital rectum exam. Symptoms of prostate cancer include but are not limited to: Blood in the urine, erectile dysfunction, weakness or numbness in the legs, loss of bladder or bowel control, and trouble passing urine (which could be caused by BPH rather than cancer.)\nBladder cancer most often begins in the cells that line the inside of the bladder. Symptoms include but are not limited to: Blood in the urine, frequent urination, painful urination, back pain, and pelvic pain. Bladder cancer is highly treatable if diagnosed at an early stage.\nKidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a disease in which kidney cells become cancerous and form a tumor. There are not many signs or symptoms of kidney cancer in its early stages; however, in the later stages, symptoms may include: Blood in the urine, back pain below the ribs, weight loss, and fatigue.\nKidney stones are small, hard deposits comprised of minerals and acid salts formed in the kidney. When kidney stones move through the urinary tract, they may cause frequent or painful urination, nausea, blood in the urine, or severe pain in the back, belly, or groin. Passing a stone can be quite painful but usually doesn’t cause permanent damage.\nUrinary incontinence (UI) is the loss of bladder control and can range from mild leaking to chronic uncontrolled urination. The most common causes of chronic incontinence include: Overactive bladder muscles, weak pelvic floor muscles, nerve damage, or an enlarged prostate (only in men, also known as BPH.)\nTestosterone levels naturally decline in men as they age and sometimes testosterone therapy is needed. Some cases can be treated with lifestyle changes such as weight loss or exercise. Other cases are treated medically with testosterone supplementation. Men who have received low testosterone therapy have reported increased energy, sex drive, and fewer mood swings.\nFor men with low levels of testosterone, TESTOPEL® is a pellet available to help restore testosterone levels. While some testosterone therapies require daily or weekly doses, TESTOPEL® is implanted under the skin and slowly release testosterone over time. The pellets are smaller than the width of a dime and can be implanted in the office.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://arcadiala.com.au/mistrust-of-the-urban-canopy/", "date": "2020-05-29T13:22:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347404857.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20200529121120-20200529151120-00500.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9466785788536072, "token_count": 1580, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__129391799", "lang": "en", "text": "By Mike Barnett\nSince the tragic death of an eight year-old in the Pitt Town Public School playground in 2014, gum trees have been under close scrutiny all over the state.\nWhat followed was a swift, but potentially over the top, reaction from the NSW Education Department. All public schools were directed to hire qualified arborists to inspect trees overhanging buildings and playgrounds, or any other areas used by students and staff. The effect of this was not only to overwork the poor arborists, but also to condemn a large number of perfectly healthy trees that pose very little danger to human health and safety.\nSo the question that needs to be asked is – do the dangers outweigh the benefits? How can we be sure that the risk to personal injury or property damage outweighs the ongoing benefits and amenity plus the huge cost involved?\nAmong others, this situation poses a predicament for landscape architects and designers. Commonly, species selection for a planting scheme utilises an assessment of the soil landscape to ascertain the appropriate species for the appropriate location. There are obviously other cultural factors that influence the final selection, but utilising species that suit the climate, soil and growing conditions can contribute to ongoing sustainability and ecosystem success.\nWhat once may have been the ideal tree, fit for purpose, will now be refused by the client, Council or Government Body that has subscribed to the perceived attitude that all gum trees are dangerous and kill people.\nObviously not all gums are off the table. But there are a number of questions that should be addressed to establish a basis for tree selection in order to avoid potential accidents or injuries in the future. These questions revolve around species selection, growing conditions, causes of and susceptibility to damage and also management of risk.\nAdrian is of the opinion that the whole school thing is a knee jerk reaction. The reality is that every tree has the potential to fail – no tree is 100% safe. He despairs “that we have now lost thousands of trees based on a flawed brief. What could have seen a fantastic five year tree management outcome has become a liability shift from the Department of Education to tree consultants…”\nCassian Humpheys, a senior arborist from Naturaculture has commented in online forum posts “the fact is that most gums (of the mid East Coast) are in fact exceptionally mechanically robust. On the whole Corymbia and Lophostemon are the most durable, though the vast majority of Eucalyptus species are too.” Red river gum E. camaldulensis (NSW-Vic) is a gum commonly attributed for major limb failure (giving most other species of gum a similar ‘regard’).\nPaul is a believer of the ‘right tree for the right location’ mantra. He states “Eucalyptus trees are perfectly feasible in school grounds, given enough space to grow. Exotic species are suitable in some situations but generally prefer good fertile soil, regular moisture and little soil compaction, not always available in Australian conditions”.\nSummer Branch Drop: Why Does it Occur?\nTrees are organic and sometimes give us little reason, therein the danger lies. However, there is some element of common sense to the equation.\nAs trees age, they acquire defects. Eucalyptus trees that are not maintained or receive sub-standard maintenance practices can acquire wounds through pruning, lawn mowing, string trimmers, over irrigation in turf areas, and soil compaction. Poor pruning cuts such as topping or heading Eucalyptus destroy the tree form and become entry points for wood rotting pathogens. The decay that caused the branch failure most likely occurred from one of several previous pruning cuts resulting in decay.\nWilliam Jones of Tree & Garden Services has identified potential factors that can lead to Summer Branch Drop, which are applicable in terms of causes. He mentions the following:\nSome research suggests that Summer Branch Drop (SBD) is related to inter-cellular water content (Harris, Shigo, Strouts & Winter, Lonsdale). That is, trees under stress from too little water may react by drying out.\nManagement of risk\nThe recommended hazard minimisation options for mature species which are susceptible to the phenomenon of Summer Branch Drop include:\n- Removing or reducing long horizontal branches;\n- Prune trees to encourage tapered branches;\n- Maintain tree health and moderate vigour;\n- Inspect for and correct structural defects, removing low vigour limbs and those with decay or cavities;\n- Remove over-mature trees of low vigour or restrict activity under them.\nThe landscape architect can also make a positive contribution in this process. Proper location and placement can significantly decrease the risk, not only of injury, but also of plant failure in general.\nEucalyptus are drought tolerant trees – when planted in turf areas, they can receive excessive irrigation, resulting in root rot disease. Overhead turf irrigation results in shallow surface rooted conditions. Turf mowers run over the roots, causing injuries to roots that become entry points for root rotting organisms.\nPublic exclusion zones can be an effective means of reducing risk through control of movement. By designing / placing garden beds, understory plantings or simply areas where grass is left longer, we can minimise the likelihood of personal injury in areas of potential conflict.\nEssentially, the message that is coming through clearly is that hands down, proactive beats reactive, and that education is a very important requirement to mitigate and prevent accidents.\nIn terms of arborist’s services, their engagement in the assessment of trees for safety is crucial. In high risk environments such as schools and public spaces, these assessments should not be limited to Visual Tree Assessments. Detailed examination of the stem and limbs should occur at regular intervals. Regular inspections and maintenance are part of responsible tree management. The consulting arborist’s role is not only to assess but also involves informing, educating and making recommendations to the client to ensure a safe and visually appealing environment is provided for all. Proactive beats reactive, hands down.\nArcadia have been involved on several school projects recently – Lakes Grammar in Warnervale, Monte Sant Angelo Mercy College in North Sydney, and St Ignatius at Riverview.\nLakes Grammar have retained a proposed roadside planting of Corymbia maculata (Spotted Gum), which are part of the local vegetation community. Part of this process considered substituting this tree for something exotic, but after assessing the proposed locations it was agreed that the danger of falling limbs causing harm was very low and could be managed. This took some persuasion as the initial approach was to categorically exclude this species from our planting palette, even though it had been preferred by Council during the Development Application process, which occurred prior to the Pitt Town tragedy.\nAt Monte Sant Angelo, North Sydney Council gave approval for the school to remove any tree under 10m in height. The school took this opportunity to remove some of the canopy between buildings but there are new Brush Box’s (Lophostemon Confertus) proposed to supplement the existing palette of shade planting. These are supplemented by Tristaniopsis laurina ‘Luscious’.\nSaint Ignatius College at Riverview also required application of common sense in tree management. Further to the retention of several mature Eucalypts, we have selected a number of indigenous tree species to provide the future shade canopy and preserve the Lane Cove River edge landscape character of the site. Sometimes if an element is not contributing…it’s detracting so we’re glad common sense prevailed…", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://downendvoice.co.uk/2023/12/19/orchard-plan-takes-root/", "date": "2024-03-03T17:14:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476396.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303142747-20240303172747-00263.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9638407826423645, "token_count": 177, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__56553582", "lang": "en", "text": "MANGOTSFIELD School has started work to create an orchard and wild flower meadows.\nStudents and teachers were joined by staff from South Gloucestershire Council’s Common Connections Project to plant first a variety of wild flowers then five apple trees and a pear tree to start the school’s own orchard.\nCommon Connections is a scheme funded by the West of England Combined Authority to restore and join up green spaces, rivers and ponds in 87 sites across the district.\nThe aim is to create wildlife corridors so animals can travel safely, extend their habitat and food sources.\nA spokesperson for the school said: “It was wonderful for the school to take part in this creative community project.\n“The long term vision is to support our food curriculum through fruit growth on site. Many thanks to the students who took part.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nithinbelle.com/2019/10/22/beauty-of-a-barn-owl/", "date": "2022-01-17T21:51:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300624.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220117212242-20220118002242-00402.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9755398035049438, "token_count": 117, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__46199935", "lang": "en", "text": "Several birds including large grey babblers were screaming on this tree near our house this morning. Rushing with my camera I was stunned to see this amazing creature, a Barn owl, perched on the branch and calmly surveying the scene.\nAnd it allowed me to take scores of pictures, even as the birds tried to scare it away. The wonders of life!\nIndraprastha, Hadapsar, Pune, India\nOct 22, 2019\nNikon D7500, 18-140, F5.6, 1/250s, ISO 1250", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.focusih.com/specialty-functional-medicine-testing/", "date": "2021-12-05T23:19:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363226.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20211205221915-20211206011915-00291.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9192975759506226, "token_count": 987, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__47014883", "lang": "en", "text": "Specialty Functional Medicine Testing\nWe provide access to naturopathic and functional medicine testing in order to gain further insight into the causes and progression of their autoimmune conditions, fatigue, insomnia, behavioral issues, autism spectrum disorder, hormone-related issues, gastrointestinal disorders, and more. The results of these specialty labs are important because they provide us with additional information that helps us to construct more effective, individually-tailored wellness plans and help you become healthier and happier, faster.\nThe tests described below are just a few of lab tests that have helped many of our clients along the path of renewed health. Because we take an individualized approach with each client, we may recommend different functional medicine testing options for your specific case.\nMicronutrient Status Testing\nOur micronutrient testing gives insight into your state of health by measuring functional deficiencies at the cellular level. The test measures how well the body utilizes vitamins, minerals, amino/fatty acids, antioxidants, and metabolites. These micronutrients are the building blocks from which the body produces enzymes, hormones, and other substances essential for proper growth, development, and good health. This test provides the basis of a personalized, functional medicine approach in addressing a broad variety of clinical conditions including arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular risk, diabetes, various immunological disorders, metabolic disorders, and micronutrient deficiencies.\nDigestion and Stool Analysis\nThe comprehensive stool analysis provides valuable information regarding digestion and absorption status, as well as the presence and types of bacteria, yeast, and parasites in the gastrointestinal tract. It also provides information regarding beneficial bacteria, intestinal immune function, and signs of gastrointestinal inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. It can be useful in cases of digestive disorders, suspected dysbiosis, brain fog, behavioral problems, and learning difficulties.\nMetabolic Testing for Developmental and Mental Health Conditions\nThis test looks at a metabolic snapshot of your body by evaluating intestinal yeast and bacteria, metabolites of various neurotransmitters, and more. This is important because research is showing that abnormally high levels of certain microorganisms and their metabolites can cause or worsen behavioral disorders, hyperactivity, movement disorders, fatigue, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and immune dysfunction. This test also provides valuable information regarding vitamin and mineral status and oxidative stress as well as valuable information regarding autism spectrum disorders, other developmental disorders, and many other mental health conditions.\nAdrenal Function Testing\nThe adrenal stress index provides valuable information for individuals who seem to have low tolerance to stress, as well as those who have a difficult time waking in the morning, feel that they have low energy during the day, have a difficult time falling asleep or staying asleep at night, have symptoms of poor blood sugar regulation, have unexplained cravings, struggle with obesity, and more. It may also provide valuable information for individuals who struggle with depression and with attention-deficit disorder.\nMale and Female Hormone Testing\nOur male and female hormone panel evaluates adrenal and sex hormone levels and can detect problems with weight gain; impaired memory; insomnia; digestion; blood pressure; cravings; low libido, infertility, and other sexual dysfunction; immune system problems; symptoms related to pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS), menstruation, menopause, and peri-menopause; uterine fibroids; and more.\nWe provide access to genetic tests that provide information regarding your risk for various mental and physical health concerns, as well as information regarding how your body processes psychotropic medication. These tests identify genetic markers that are specific to each individual. These genetic markers may provide you with information regarding which treatments are likely to work as intended, which are not likely to have the expected effect, and which are likely to cause adverse or unwanted side effects. The tests are typically used to guide treatment for a range of psychiatric conditions including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), autism, schizophrenia, and substance abuse.\nWe also provide access to genetic tests that look at a group of key genes that may uncover potential genetic susceptibility to autism spectrum disorder and other developmental issues, neurodegenerative disorders, and mood disorders. Alterations in these genes may affect your body’s ability to clear potentially harmful substances (commonly referred to as detox) and may lead to increased oxidative stress. Understanding your genetic profile as it relates to these specific genes can provide valuable information regarding contributing factors to your current state of health and provide you with the knowledge required to give your body what it needs to help you experience improved health.\nWe also provide access to advanced testing for autoimmune disease; specialty tests to evaluate for heavy metal toxicity, mold/biotoxin illness, hereditary cancer risk, and other genetic abnormalities; and more.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://ololchildrens.org/InfectiousDisease", "date": "2015-07-30T20:13:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-32/segments/1438042987628.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20150728002307-00028-ip-10-236-191-2.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8697749972343445, "token_count": 149, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-32", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-32__0__119746606", "lang": "en", "text": "If your child is sick with an unusual fever and has not responded well to antibiotics, your primary care doctor will refer you to an infectious disease specialist. While the name may sound serious, our specialists treat fairly common bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infections, strep throat and other respiratory infections in addition to more uncommon bone and joint infections.\nInfectious disease specialists are also trained to treat meningitis, hepatitis and other autoimmune disorders.\nOutpatient Infectious Disease services available at this location:\nPediatric Specialty Clinic\n7777 Hennessy Blvd., Suite 502\nBaton Rouge, LA 70808\nMonday - Friday, 8 am - 4:30 pm\nPhone: (225) 765-6834", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pr4web.ru/sex-dating-in-claremont-south-dakota-7284.html", "date": "2021-06-14T12:14:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487612154.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20210614105241-20210614135241-00026.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9488685131072998, "token_count": 245, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__18393762", "lang": "en", "text": "Sex dating in claremont south dakota\nIt is highly flexible in social organization, living either in a family unit or in loosely knit packs of unrelated individuals.\nIt has a varied diet consisting primarily of animal meat, including deer, rabbits, hares, rodents, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates, though it may also eat fruits and vegetables on occasion.\nIts characteristic vocalization is a howl made by solitary individuals.\nThe coyote is a prominent character in Native American folklore, mainly in the Southwestern United States and Mexico, usually depicted as a trickster that alternately assumes the form of an actual coyote or a man.The species is versatile, able to adapt to and expand into environments modified by humans.It is enlarging its range, with coyotes moving into urban areas in the Eastern U.Coyote males average 8 to 20 kg (18 to 44 lb) in weight, while females average 7 to 18 kg (15 to 40 lb), though size varies geographically.Northern subspecies, which average 18 kg (40 lb), tend to grow larger than the southern subspecies of Mexico, which average 11.5 kg (25 lb).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://drinkpland.com/blogs/news/the-different-types-of-dehydration-winter-vs-summer", "date": "2023-12-07T03:32:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100632.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20231207022257-20231207052257-00076.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9610293507575989, "token_count": 451, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__295958213", "lang": "en", "text": "· By River Doyle\nThe Different Types of Dehydration: Winter vs. Summer\nDehydration is a common condition that occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in. It can happen in any season, but there are some key differences between winter and summer dehydration that are important to understand.\nIn the winter, dehydration can be caused by a combination of factors. The cold weather can cause us to feel less thirsty, leading us to drink less water. In addition, the dry air of the winter months can dehydrate our bodies by drawing moisture out of our skin and mucous membranes. And, if we're spending time outside in the cold, we may be losing water through our breath as well.\nIn contrast, summer dehydration is typically caused by the hot weather. When it's hot outside, our bodies need more fluids to keep cool. If we're not drinking enough water, or if we're sweating a lot due to physical activity, we can become dehydrated.\nSymptoms of dehydration can include thirst, dry mouth, dark-colored urine, fatigue, dizziness, and in severe cases, fainting. It's important to be aware of these symptoms and to take steps to prevent dehydration, no matter the season.\nHere are some tips for staying hydrated in the winter and summer:\n- In the winter, make sure to drink plenty of water, even if you don't feel thirsty. It's also a good idea to use a humidifier to add moisture to the air in your home.\n- In the summer, drink plenty of water and avoid drinks with caffeine or alcohol, which can dehydrate you. If you're going to be outside in the heat, bring a water bottle with you and take regular sips to stay hydrated.\n- In both seasons, eat foods that are high in water content, such as fruits and vegetables. These can help keep you hydrated and can also provide important vitamins and minerals.\nRemember, dehydration can happen to anyone, so it's important to be aware of the signs and symptoms and to take steps to prevent it. By staying hydrated, you can help keep your body healthy and functioning at its best, no matter the season.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nattyclub.com/2023/12/30/unveiling-the-anatomy-of-biceps-a-comprehensive-guide-to-effective-workout-for-biceps/", "date": "2024-02-29T12:29:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474808.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229103115-20240229133115-00464.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8966524004936218, "token_count": 753, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__158219089", "lang": "en", "text": "The biceps, a prominent muscle group in the upper arm, is not only a symbol of strength but also a focus area for those seeking sculpted and well-defined arms. Understanding the anatomy of the biceps is crucial for tailoring an effective exercise routine that targets this muscle group efficiently. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into the structure of the biceps and explore exercises that can help you achieve optimal results.\nThe biceps brachii, commonly known as the biceps, is a two-headed muscle located on the front part of the upper arm. It consists of a long head and a short head, both of which originate from the scapula (shoulder blade) and insert into the radius bone in the forearm. The primary function of the biceps is elbow flexion, but it also plays a role in shoulder flexion and forearm supination.\nKey Exercises for Biceps Development:\n- Barbell Curl:\n- Execution: Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, grip a barbell with hands slightly wider than shoulder-width, and curl the barbell towards your chest while keeping your elbows stationary.\n- Targeted Area: Both heads of the biceps.\n- Dumbbell Hammer Curl:\n- Execution: Hold a dumbbell in each hand with a neutral grip (palms facing each other), and curl the weights toward your shoulders.\n- Targeted Area: Emphasizes the brachialis muscle, which lies beneath the biceps.\n- Preacher Curl:\n- Execution: Use a preacher bench, place your arms on the pad, and curl a barbell or dumbbells with controlled movements.\n- Targeted Area: Focuses on the peak of the biceps, emphasizing the long head.\n- Concentration Curl:\n- Execution: Sit on a bench, lean forward, and curl a dumbbell with one arm, focusing on isolating the biceps through a full range of motion.\n- Targeted Area: Isolates the biceps, particularly the short head.\n- Incline Dumbbell Curl:\n- Execution: Sit on an inclined bench, let your arms hang straight down, and curl the dumbbells toward your shoulders.\n- Targeted Area: Stretches the long head of the biceps for increased muscle activation.\nTips for Effective Biceps Training:\n- Warm-up Adequately: Prioritize a thorough warm-up to increase blood flow and prepare the muscles for the upcoming workout. Light cardio and dynamic stretches can be beneficial.\n- Focus on Form: Maintain proper form during exercises to ensure maximum engagement of the biceps and reduce the risk of injury.\n- Vary Your Grip: Experiment with different grips, such as wide grip, narrow grip, and neutral grip, to target various parts of the biceps and surrounding muscles.\n- Include Progressive Overload: Gradually increase the weight you lift to continually challenge the muscles and promote growth.\n- Allow for Adequate Recovery: Biceps, like any other muscle group, need time to recover. Ensure you incorporate rest days into your workout routine to allow for optimal recovery and muscle growth.\nAchieving well-developed and defined biceps requires a combination of targeted exercises, proper form, and strategic workout planning. By understanding the anatomy of the biceps and incorporating a variety of exercises into your routine, you can effectively stimulate muscle growth and enhance the overall appearance of your arms. Remember, consistency and patience are key when working towards your fitness goals, so stay committed to your biceps-focused workout regimen and enjoy the results of your hard work.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://morganic.mu/blog/ingredients/aloe-vera", "date": "2022-01-20T05:01:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320301720.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20220120035934-20220120065934-00679.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9592044949531555, "token_count": 192, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__36183454", "lang": "en", "text": "Aloe Vera is a succulent plant, originating in the Arabian Peninsula but grows widely in many tropical climates. It is found in many consumer products including food, beverages, skin lotion, cosmetics, and ointments.\nFun fact: the earliest record of human use for Aloe Vera comes from the 16th century BC in Egypt. According to a study, in ancient Egypt they called Aloe Vera \"that plant of immortality.\"\nAloe Vera has many benefits, some of which include:\n- A study showed that Aloe Vera gel is at least as effective as commercial toothpaste in fighting oral bacteria.\n- Germany’s regulatory agency for herbs approved aloe Vera for the treatment of constipation.\n- It has been shown to promote skin wound healing and to protect from skin damage.\n- It has antioxidant and possible antimicrobial properties.\nShould you have any health concerns regarding Aloe Vera, please consult your doctor.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://natsal.ac.uk/natsal-3/hormone-measures.aspx", "date": "2017-03-23T02:17:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218186608.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212946-00426-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9010567665100098, "token_count": 178, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__24230613", "lang": "en", "text": "As part of the development phase for Natsal-3, we have validated an assay to measure levels of testosterone in saliva. Salivary testosterone is related to the concentration of 'free' testosterone in serum; the component available to tissues that correlates better with androgenic status. The assay has been validated against levels in blood, which is the usual way of measuring testosterone. Remaining saliva will be stored for future testing.\nWe have collected saliva samples from approximately 4,500 men and women aged 18-74 years.\nAnalysis of these samples will allow us to:\n- explore the relationship between free testosterone levels in saliva and sexual behaviour and function;\n- establish the normal range of free testosterone across the life span in men and women; and\n- document the prevalence of late-onset hypogonadism (testosterone deficiency) in middle aged and elderly men", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://vitaminb17-afdhal.com/shop/mte-turmeric/", "date": "2022-01-17T08:10:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300343.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220117061125-20220117091125-00630.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9034093618392944, "token_count": 222, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__22918464", "lang": "en", "text": "MTE TURMERIC AFDHAL\nRM69/60 capsules (vegecap)\nCurcumin: This compound in turmeric can boost your heart health\nAdding spice – in the form of curcumin supplements – to the daily diets of people with risk factors for heart disease may lower inflammation, a new study suggests.\nInflammation is implicated in a wide range of illnesses, from heart disease to cancer and joint pain. In the eight-week trial, researchers found significant reductions in signs of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein and other blood markers.\n“Curcumin is the active ingredient of the famous spice turmeric and has a long history of culinary and medicinal use in the Asian countries,” says the study’s senior author Amirhossein Sahebkar.\n“Two key effects of curcumin that account for most of the therapeutic effects of this compound are its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,” says Sahebkar researcher at the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in Iran.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kaneka-eye.com/epiphora.html", "date": "2024-02-26T17:11:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474661.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226162136-20240226192136-00071.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9334521889686584, "token_count": 1591, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__29715513", "lang": "en", "text": "WHAT IS EPIPHORA?\nThe role of tears\nTears are secreted from the tear ducts in the corner of the eye.\nThe main role of tears is to protect the eyeball but they also have a lot of other duties.\nAs a lubricant for your eyelids.\nAs a nutritional supplement for the surface of the eyeballs.\nTo protect your eyes from bacteria or ultraviolet rays.\nTo disinfect bacteria.\nAnatomical drawing of the Lacrimal duct\n(where tears pass)\nTears normally enter the Lacrimal canaliculus through the Lacrimal punctum, two small holes on the inner side of the eyelid of both eyes towards the inner corner. From here they flow down to the nasal cavity through the nasolacrimal duct.\nThe passage from this Lacrimal punctum to the nasolacrimal duct where the tears pass along is called the tear duct.\nWhat sort of illness is epiphora?\nWhen tears accumulate the eyelids work like a pump when you blink to sweep them to small holes on the inside of the eyelids, through which they pass through the tear ducts to the nasal cavity (tear drainage).\nWhen the tear duct is blocked or gets narrowed by certain reason, your tears will overflow like you are constantly crying (Lacrimal duct obstruction).\nEpiphora can also occur due to an increase in tear production, but this brochure will discuss epiphora (Lacrimal duct obstruction) due to problems with tear drainage.\n(Do you have these symptoms?)\n- Your eyes are filled with tears, blurring your vision\n- You often get lots of eye mucus\n- The skin around your eyes is inflamed\nWhen the tears don't drain properly, even the slightest stimulus can cause them to overflow, blurring your vision, and the constant flow of tears inflames the skin around your eyes. In addition, leaving this untreated can cause infection from bacteria and may lead to dacryosistitis because, bacteria in the tear duct doesn't get washed away nor untainted. This will increase the amount of eye mucus; make the corners of your eyes red and swollen, and sometimes painful.\nThe main cause of poor tear drainage is Lacrimal duct obstruction. It usually occurs with age, but can also occur through infection, medicine such as eye drops, fractures of facial bones, empyema, and other nasal diseases. Polyps or tumors can rarely cause epiphora as it forms inside the tear duct. In addition, causes other than Lacrimal duct obstruction can include dysfunction of the eyelid where the tear duct passes through or conjunctiva sagging by aging (conjunctivochalasis).\nCongenital infant Lacrimal duct obstruction is comparatively common. Usually, if the tear ducts are closed at birth, they will open up and heal naturally as the infant grows. 90% of cases have healed naturally by one year old. Massage of the\nLacrimal sac is believed to help natural healing. If natural healing does not work, a lacrimal duct bougie (nasolacrimal duct release operation), which is a fine needle-like object, may be inserted into the tear duct to open up the obstructed\narea, or a Lacrimal duct tube is inserted for a set period of time to treat the condition.\nIn addition, neonatal dacryocystitis can be caused by bacteria accumulating in the tear ducts, and so antibiotic eye drops are used in conjunction.\nEpiphora Diagnosis (Examination)\nWith excess tears, the first thing to do is to check whether there is an increase in the amount of secreted tears (secretion volume) or whether there is a reduction in tear drainage. Some of the causes for increased tear production could\nbe foreign objects in the eye or ingrown eyelashes. Causes of reduced tear drainage such as eyelid dysfunction and conjunctiva sagging (conjunctivochalasis) are also checked.\nNext, a Lacrimal canalilula irrigation test is performed. If no water flows through, a Lacrimal duct obstruction (LDO) is diagnosed, and the state of the tear duct is directly examined using an endoscope to determine exactly where the blockage is. Depending on the situation, imaging tests such as CT scans may also be run.\nA vital part of an eye examination, which shines a light on the eye and around the eye for the observation of eyeball, through a magnifying glass. In this examination, the amount of accumulated tears is checked to see if it is greater than normal. In addition, the presence of foreign objects, ingrown eyelashes, and other causes of increased tear secretion are also checked. The movement of the eyelids and sagging in the conjunctiva are also checked.\nLacrimal duct irrigation test\nThe duct is irrigated with saline from the Lacrimal punctum to check if the fluid passes through to the nose.\nTear duct endoscopy\nA fine endoscope, designed to be able to pass through the tiny Lacrimal punctum is inserted through the Lacrimal punctum and used to check where the tear duct obstruction is. Anesthetic may be injected into the tear duct before this test.\nA special endoscope is inserted into the nasal cavity to observe the tear duct from the nasal cavity side. Anesthetic is given to the nasal mucous membranes before the examination.\nLacrimal duct intubation\nUsing a tear duct endoscope, a special Lacrimal duct tube is inserted to reconstruct the tear duct. This is done under a local anesthetic, so the patient can return home on the same day. The inserted tube is almost invisible from the outside and it doesn't affect daily life. The tube is normally removed on an outpatient visit two to three months later. In this intubation method the tube is inserted into the tear duct, which cannot be seen from the outside, but recent uses of endoscopes during the surgery have made it able to be done accurately.\nDepending on the location of the blockage, Lacrimal duct tube insertion may not always work well, or re-obstruction may repeatedly occur. When this happens, one method is to create a new tear duct using a surgery called dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). There are two procedures for DCR: to cut part of the inner corner of the eye (external), or by using a nasal endoscope from inside the nose (endoscopic). This may be done under general anesthesia and often requires a hospital stay of several days to a week.\nIf you're having problems with epiphora, you don't have to live with it - see an ophthalmologist soon.\nDo you have any of the following symptoms?\nDoctor Inouefs Diagnosis\n- Symptoms 1, 2, and 3 are believed to be caused by the dry eyes. In addition, Symptom 1 can also be caused by foreign objects in your eye or ingrown eyelashes, so both can be treated by removing the cause.\n- Symptom 4 is a temporary issue caused by pollen or other allergens.\n- Symptoms from 5 to 7 are considered to be the symptoms of a lacrimal duct obstruction, so treatment will be necessary.\n- Symptom 8 means you are getting acute dacryocystitis, so you should see an ophthalmologist immediately.\n(Source: \"Surprisingly Many People Unaware that Teary Eyes Can be Cured,\" Body and Mind Report Card Asahi Shimbun, Feb. 21 2011)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.sanmartinolanghe.it/eng/the-azienda-agricola/the-local-hazelnut.html", "date": "2019-07-22T07:45:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195527828.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20190722072309-20190722094309-00038.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9475050568580627, "token_count": 247, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__97126072", "lang": "en", "text": "The farmhouse San Martino owns 3 hectares of land that are devoted to the cultivation of the “Nocciola Piemonte”, an excellent local hazelnut variety that is strong against adversity and generous in producing fruits which present all the organoleptic qualities required by the hazelnut processing industry:\n- the round shape of the fruit allows a quick mechanical shelling, keeping the seed intact\n- the shell is thin and the yield of the shelled product is high, between 46 and 50%\n- the seed has a good aroma and a delicate taste\n- the content of fat of the fruit is low, so it can be well preserved without problems of rancidity\nThe “Nocciola Piemonte”is grown between 150 and 750 m of altitude and because of its adaptability is widely cultivated in Emilia Romagna and Tuscany as well, with great results. In a clever and specialized plantation its yield can reach or even exceed 2.5 tons per hectare. Thanks to its good yield and above all to its organoleptic qualities, the “Nocciola Piemonte” is considered the best hazelnut variety in the world.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://windsorradiology.com/procedures/3d-mammography", "date": "2024-04-21T08:26:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817729.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421071342-20240421101342-00459.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9445704221725464, "token_count": 800, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__41452862", "lang": "en", "text": "3D mammography, also called breast tomosynthesis, produces very detailed images of the breast tissue. In 2021, Windsor Radiology made a new investment in the latest technology, Genius™ 3D Mammography, to improve screening and diagnostic mammograms:\n- Improved artificial intelligence software for an added layer of assurance that nothing is missed.\n- 75% less time in compression, making for a more comfortable experience for you patients.\n- Quicker exam times with a four-second scan and fewer images needed.\nHaving revolutionized how breast cancer is detected, 3D Mammography exams are making a difference:\n- Fine details are more visible and no longer hidden by the tissue above or below.\n- More invasive breast cancers are detected.\n- Superior exams are given for women with dense breast tissue.\n- Fewer patients are called back for additional diagnostic exams.\nHow 3D mammography works\nMammography uses X-rays to visualize the tissues of your breast. X-rays are absorbed differently, depending on the density or thickness of the tissue. As the X-rays pass through your body, the energy that escapes is measured by the X-ray device. The energy measurements are “interpreted” by the X-ray machine to produce images of the breast, with denser breast tissue and abnormal growths appearing “whiter” or brighter than the surrounding tissue. During the 3D exam, an additional series of images of breast tissue is created, with each image representing a “slice” of tissue. These slices can be viewed individually for greater detail of small growth or abnormalities, or they may be reconstructed into a three-dimensional image of the tissue inside your breast.\nWhat is a diagnostic mammogram?\nThere are two types of mammograms: screening mammogram, which focus on the entire breast, and diagnostic mammograms, which focus on a specific area. Diagnostic mammograms are performed when a screening mammogram reveals an area of abnormal tissue, such as lumps or masses, or after a clinical breast exam finds a lump or other suspicious findings, such as dimpling or nipple discharge. Sometimes, the diagnostic mammogram procedure is followed by an ultrasound exam of breast tissue or a biopsy to obtain a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope, especially if the lump has uneven edges or appears as a starburst. In some cases, abnormal findings may be due to harmless calcifications of tissue, and no further examination is needed.\nWhat to expect during a 3D mammography exam\nThe mammography machine is a box-shaped device that contains the X-ray apparatus. During your exam, you’ll stand (or sometimes sit) in front of the box while the technician positions your breast on a flat, paddle-like surface. After the breast is properly positioned, a second flat paddle will descend over the breast, compressing the breast tissue so your breast is very flat. Because breast tissue is composed of different \"layers,\" compression is necessary to enable the X-ray to produce detailed images of each of these layers. Compression also allows the machine to visualize smaller abnormalities that might be obscured by overlapping layers of tissue, and it enables these images to be made with less radiation exposure. Plus, it helps ensure the breast is held very still so the clearest images can be captured. Once the tissue is compressed, the machine emits X-rays to capture images of your breast in two dimensions, passing back and forth in an arc shape, creating a series of images of your breast tissue that provide views from different angles. As with 2D mammography, you’ll need to hold very still during the imaging exam to ensure the clearest images are captured. Most exams take a half hour or less. After your exam, the images will be sent to one of our board-certified radiologists for interpretation, then the final report will be sent to your doctor.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.miamisailfishcharters.com/2015/04/", "date": "2022-08-10T06:13:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00560.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9791774153709412, "token_count": 560, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__86071279", "lang": "en", "text": "The month of April seems like a blur to me. I have been non-stop for the past several weeks. Now that I have a couple of days off before starting up again on Thursday its time to get caught up on some of the action we have been experiencing the past couple of weeks.\nThe fishing in Miami seems to happening in flurries. One minute you will be doubled up on sailfish only to sit for the next hour without so much as a nervous bait. One of the factors that is affecting us is the continuous cat and mouse game the current keeps playing. One minute we have blue water and 3 knots of current and the next day we have green current less green water. On some days we have had to work very hard to put the day together and on some days we could do no wrong. Let’s get to the species reports.\nWe continue to catch a couple of sailfish on almost every trip. The bite remains very similar to last month, a couple of fish here and there but no huge numbers. While kite fishing we have started to catch some black fin tuna with our biggest one weighing 25 pounds. This is a great sign that the black fins are starting to filter into the area. Again, not a vast number of them yet but they should only get better as we move forward into May and June.\nKingfish numbers are also down a little bit. But what I have seen is in increase in the size of the fish which is normal for this time of year. A lot of the snake kings, fish in the 7-12# range, have given way to fish in the 25# average and a while our biggest king was 40#’s right on the nose. The quality and quantity of these bigger kings should only get better. We had a couple of kings close to the 50# mark last year but none that broke it so we will see if we can achieve that this year.\nThe one fish that has surprised me by its absence have been the mahi-mahi. For some reason I have not caught any in on the reef, which is where you will catch them this time of year. And when I ventured out to 1100′ in search of them I was only rewarded with a large fuel bill. I guess you can’t catch them all! They should become more consistent the closer we get to summer. All the weights you see listed are based on scaled weights and not estimations. The only fish I don’t weigh are billfish and tarpon since I try not to handle them too much.\nWell that is it for now and as always please remember to keep our service men and women and first responders in your prayers.\nUntil next time Best of Luck…", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://motac.com/services/", "date": "2018-02-25T05:33:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891816138.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20180225051024-20180225071024-00760.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.937870442867279, "token_count": 174, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__99720329", "lang": "en", "text": "Motac offers a wide range of highly-specialised in vivo and ex vivo services to support the preclinical development of new treatments for neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, other movement disorders and disorders of cognition.\nState-of-the-art model systems, with excellent translational validity, are routinely available to demonstrate the efficacy of novel therapeutic approaches. These include acute and progressive models of neurodegeneration, Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced dyskinesias and cognitive performance.\nBecause of our extensive experience in these fields, we are able to offer expert advice on study design as well as performing studies to a high quality, according to standard operating procedures (SOPs) and to agreed timelines.\nFor further information on the models available, to discuss your requirements or to request a quotation, please contact us.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://picknpay.co.za/article-detail/what-nutrients-are-important-during-pregnancy", "date": "2018-04-24T22:38:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125947421.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20180424221730-20180425001730-00560.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9286672472953796, "token_count": 405, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__163198190", "lang": "en", "text": "There are many nutrients that you and your baby need to be healthy. Some nutrients, like folate (folic acid), iron, calcium and omega-3 fats are especially important during pregnancy.\nHaving enough folate during the first 3 months of pregnancy is critical to lower the baby’s risk for neural tube, brain or spinal cord damage. Your doctor will strongly recommend that you take a folic acid supplement over this time, but top up your intake further by focusing on beans, lentils, spinach and whole wheat products.\nTry these ideas to boost your folate intake:\nYour need for iron almost doubles during your pregnancy! That’s because iron is an essential component of blood, and your blood volume increases by about 50% over this time. To meet your iron requirements, your doctor will recommend a daily prenatal multivitamin which contains iron.\nHowever, it is also important to get iron from foods:\nCalcium is critical for developing your baby’s bones, but also helps to preserve your bone mass during pregnancy. Focus on having at least 3 servings of dairy foods per day, like milk or mass (250 ml), yoghurt (200 ml), or cheddar or gouda cheese (40 g). Eating foods which contain vitamin D, like fish, eggs and cod liver oil, also helps to increase your body’s absorption of calcium.\nTo meet your calcium needs throughout pregnancy:\nOmega-3 fats, found in oily fish, are important for your baby’s brain and eye development. To meet your omega-3 fat needs throughout pregnancy:\nFor more guidelines on health and nutrition during pregnancy, please contact the Pick n Pay Health Hotline registered dietitian on 0800 11 22 88 or email@example.com. To find a registered dietitian in your area, visit the Association for Dietetics in South Africa (ADSA) website at www.adsa.org.za.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hematologyresjournal.com/abstract/jhcr-aid1017", "date": "2022-11-30T21:00:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710771.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20221130192708-20221130222708-00497.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.915422797203064, "token_count": 357, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__303926765", "lang": "en", "text": "Published: 04 June, 2021 | Volume 5 - Issue 1 | Pages: 009-014\nBackground: Leukemia is frequently associated with fundoscopic abnormalities. However, no organized effort has been made for analyzing leukemic retinopathy in our country. This study was done to observe the demographic profile and correlation between fundoscopic findings of retinal exudates and hematological parameters in leukemic patients.\nMaterials and Methods: The study was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study among 50 leukemic patients in Medicine and Oncology departments of Bangladesh Medical College and Hospital (BMCH) from May, 2020 to October, 2020. Fundoscopic examination was done which was reviewed by an ophthalmologist. Collected data was analyzed statistically by using SPSS-17 (Chicago, Illinois).\nResults: Among 50 leukemic patients’, the fundal lesion was detected in 32 patients (64%), retinal exudates are rare. Only 3 patients (6%) had exudates while others (29 patients, 58%) have retinal hemorrhages. Exudates did not show any statistically significant relationship with types of leukemia (p value = 0.53). There was no statistically significant association between fundal exudates and high white cell count (p = 0.56) or low hemoglobin level (p = 0.11) or low platelet level (p = 0.11).\nConclusion: This study has identified retinopathy occurring frequently in leukemic patients. Therefore, an adequate attention should be paid at fundoscopic evaluation while treating leukemic patients.\nLeukemic retinopathy; Retinal exudates; Thrombocytopenia; Anemia", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.root-beer.org/modules.php?name=Forums&file=viewtopic&t=717&view=previous", "date": "2017-04-29T07:30:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917123318.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031203-00646-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9214586615562439, "token_count": 197, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__120137905", "lang": "en", "text": "|kguske wrote: |\nCan you explain what you mean by \"its LD50 for rats\"?\nIt is the amount per bodymass that kills half the population of rats. Ideally, one would want to know the LD50 for humans but that is rarely known. For example, according to\n, the rat LD50 of methyl salicylate, a common ingredient of root beer, is 2642 mg/kg. If I want to use a similar concentration of another compound, I first check to make sure that it LD50 is not less than an order of magnitude, or I adjust the concentration accordingly. For example, before testing methyl benzoate as a substitute for methyl salicylate in root beer, I looked up its rat LD50 here\nand found that it was 2170 mg/kg. Thus, I feel safe about using methyl benzoate at equal or less concentration than I would use methyl salicylate in root beer.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.pennfoster.edu/why-penn-foster/news/in-the-news/2013/11/penn-foster-hosts-veterinary-vaccine-clinic", "date": "2019-03-23T07:12:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912202728.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20190323060839-20190323082839-00177.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9536930322647095, "token_count": 164, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__178211033", "lang": "en", "text": "Published in the Wilkes-Barre Times Leader\nPenn Foster hosted a pet vaccination clinic at its Scranton headquarters Saturday, Oct. 19 in celebration of National Veterinary Technician Week.\nThe clinic offered rabies and distemper vaccines for cats and dogs. Dr. Amanda Teter, assistant director of the school’s veterinary technician program, administered a total of 125 vaccines to the pets of Penn Foster employees and faculty. In addition to Dr. Teter, other veterinary technician program staff members were present to assist and answer pet health-related questions.\nPenn Foster’s accredited veterinary technician associate degree allows students to work toward their career goals at their own pace and gain real-world experience through practicums at animal hospitals, such as Penn Foster partner Banfield Pet Hospital, and veterinary practices.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://mahasbtc.com/transfusion-transmitted-infections", "date": "2019-01-17T01:48:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583658662.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20190117000104-20190117022104-00619.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9362504482269287, "token_count": 609, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__280090", "lang": "en", "text": "Malaria. Hepatitis (B&C), Syphilis, AIDS are considered as transmissible infections associated with blood transfusion. According to law all these tests are to be conducted after blood collection. It is not pragmatic to conduct these tests before blood collection as donors have to come twice, to suffer the needle pricks and may have to wait for quite some time. As a result, transfusion service may lose donors. So, donor selection can be on the basis of history of past ailments. After donation laboratory testing of blood should be undertaken in the blood bank.\nPresently, a sensitive screening test for malaria is not available. The most effective way of screening donors is to take the proper case history of malaria and of fever that could be due to malaria. Donor selection criteria should be designed to exclude potentially infectious individuals from donating blood. However, available slide test for malarial parasites is mandatory according to the rules now in force in the country.\nTo reduce the occurrence of post transfusion hepatitis, it is essential to screen all blood donors for hepatitis B surface antigen, by the most sensitive and specific tests. Results may be made known to the donor with an advice to contact family physician for guidance. Hepatitis C can also be transmitted through blood transfusion. HCV antibody testing has become mandatory from June 2001 in India. Serum samples from all blood units must be selected for Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test before transfusion to detect syphilis. Any unit found positive should be discarded. But if blood is kept in cold room for three days, then there is no chance of contracting syphilis by transfusion of such blood as these germs become ineffective in cold.\nFor transfusion safety, each and every unit of blood donated should be tested by combined HIV/1 and HIV/2 assay using ELJSA reader. This is just a screening test, and not a confirmatory test. Blood should be discarded if the test gives positive results but the donor should not be informed and should not be identified as HIV positive or AIDS patient. Strict confidentiality should be maintained. In smaller blood banks or in cases of emergency, rapid spot tests can be done to reduce the possibility of HIV/AIDS infection\ndue to transfusion. But all these tests are not full proof. These are indirect tests to trace the antibody formed caused by the entry of foreign body from outside. Body mechanism takes time to produce antibody to fight against entry of germs from outside. There is atime lag between the entry of germs and formation of antibody known as window period. The tests are ineffective during this window period. Motivators should, therefore, attach due importance not only to the truthful declaration of the donors but also to the pre-donation counselling for self exclusion to ensure safe blood transfusion.\nThe confirmatory tests for HIV infection include Western Blot test and Immunofluorescence tests. These tests cannot be done in the blood banks due to high cost, time and expertise required.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://debra.org.nz/projects-research/eb-painfree-washing-saline-bathing.html", "date": "2017-09-22T06:19:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818688671.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20170922055805-20170922075805-00485.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9134976267814636, "token_count": 317, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__212743313", "lang": "en", "text": "Washing a wound or graze ‘stings’, whether you have EB or not. Wetting raw wounded areas with ‘normal’ saline solution doesn’t sting at all, like magic it’s painless.\nIn 1982 when their EB baby was in so much pain at bath time Martin and Anna remembered their high school biology lessons. They confirmed the exact science with pathologist Dr Graham Kemble Welch and together with EB nurse Hilda Dresdner they introduced saline bathing. Bath time became fun.\nCare plans based on pain-free bathing in normal saline have been commonplace in NZ ever since.\nNormal saline solution is 0.9% salt (sodium chloride), that’s:\nTo figure-out the right mix, find how much water fills the bath and then calculate the right amount of salt to add. Using a bucket with a litre measure, count the number of buckets of water it takes to fill the bath to a fixed point.\nFor example, if you used 10 x 10 litre buckets you would need to add 900 grams (nearly a kilo) of salt.\nOur body’s cells are more-salty than fresh water, and less-salty than sea water. Water moves in or out of our cells to equalise the salinity with surrounding liquid, causing the painful stinging.\nNormal saline solution is an exact match to our saltiness, so no water moves in or out of our cells – it’s painless to be in saline!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://vredina-ya.dreamwidth.org/tag/useless+knowledge", "date": "2017-10-17T20:17:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187822488.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20171017200905-20171017220905-00666.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9632413983345032, "token_count": 148, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__207740128", "lang": "en", "text": "The female Adelie penguin, desperate to obtain the stones she uses to build her nest, visits the nest of a bachelor Adelie, goes through the entire courtship routine, and mates with him. But once the two have had sex, the female collects the stones she came for as a sort of payment, and waddles back home to her actual mate, who’s been keeping the nest nice and warm for her return! She then stays with him for the rest of her life. Sometimes, especially cunning females engage in the courtship ritual, minus the mating part, grab the rocks, and dash home. Luckily, the males of this species, unlike humans, do not seem to bear a grudge.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hkatexas.com/2014/05/new-tpwd-rule-requires-boats-approaching-leaving-lake-houston-drained/", "date": "2023-12-10T04:56:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101195.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210025335-20231210055335-00328.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9568223357200623, "token_count": 1346, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__32546909", "lang": "en", "text": "The Texas Parks and Wildlife Commission has approved a new regulation requiring that all boats operating on public fresh water anywhere in Texas be drained before leaving or approaching a lake or river to help combat the further spread of zebra mussels and other invasive species.\nThe rapidly reproducing mussels, originally from Eurasia, can have a serious economic, environmental and recreational impact on Texas reservoirs. Zebra mussels can clog public-water intake pipes, harm boats and motors left in infested waters by covering boat hulls, block water-cooling systems, annoy lake property owners by completely covering anything left under water, and make water recreation hazardous because of their sharp edges.\nWith the destructive invasive species having spread to Lake Belton, conservation officials and water-supply agencies are very concerned that zebra mussels could expand their range throughout the state, including Lake Travis and the other Highland Lakes.\n“Zebra mussels have been moving steadily deeper into Texas since they were first found in Lake Texoma in 2009,” says Brian Van Zee, the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department’s Inland Fisheries Division regional director who has spearheaded the agency’s response to zebra mussels in Texas. “Now that they are in Lake Belton, the Highland Lakes are in the cross hairs as are many of the public waters in Central Texas.”\n“So far we haven’t seen any evidence of zebra mussels,” Cowan said. “We will continue working closely with Texas Parks and Wildlife in urging the public to help us keep zebra mussels out of the Highland Lakes. The mussels not only are a nuisance, but they could pose serious operational problems for the dams, water intake structures and the general health of the lakes.”\nWhile the new measure won’t take effect until July 1, TPWD urges all boaters to begin the preventative practice immediately since microscopic larvae (called veligers) hiding in your boat can travel to another water body and cause a new zebra mussel infestation.\nCurrently in effect in 47 North and Central Texas counties, the new rule requires persons leaving or approaching public water to drain all water from their vessels and on-board receptacles. This applies to all types and sizes of boats whether powered or not, personal watercraft, sailboats, kayaks/canoes, or any other vessel used on public waters.\n“The way to comply with this requirement is simple,” Van Zee said. “All you have to do is clean, drain and dry your boat. This is critical, because in their initial state, zebra mussels are invisible to the naked eye.”\nThe soon-to-be statewide rule, which is similar to those in other states impacted by zebra mussels, is based on the fact that trailered boats tend to be the most likely way zebra mussels get from one water body to another. Since boaters in Texas travel throughout the state to engage in various forms of recreational activity, from skiing to fishing, the rule has been made statewide.\nThe regulation also requires the draining of live wells, bilges, motors, and any other receptacles or water-intake systems coming into contact with public waters.\nLive fish, including personally caught live bait, cannot be transported in a vessel in water that comes from the water body where they were caught. Personally caught live bait can be used in the water body where it was caught.\nAnglers are allowed to transport and use commercially purchased live bait provided persons in possession of the bait have a receipt that identifies the source of the bait. Any live bait purchased from a location on or adjacent to a public water body that is transported in water from that water body could only be used as bait on that same water body.\nThe rules allow anglers participating in a fishing tournament confined to one water body to transport live fish in water from that single water body to an identified off-site weigh-in location, provided all water is drained and properly disposed of before leaving that location. Anglers are required to possess documentation provided by tournament organizers that would identify them as participants in the tournament.\nMovement from one access point to another on the same lake during the same day does not require draining and there is an exception for governmental activities and emergencies. Marine sanitary systems are not covered by these regulations.\n“The BRA supports the efforts of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and will continue to assist them in preventing the spread of mussels to our system reservoirs,” said Phil Ford, general manager and chief executive officer for the Brazos River Authority.\nZebra mussels became established in Texas in Lake Texoma in 2009. In 2012, they were found in Lake Ray Roberts and the Elm Fork of the Trinity River. Last year, zebra mussels spread to Lakes Bridgeport, Lavon, Lewisville, and Belton. From an environmental perspective, zebra mussels are filter feeders that compete with baitfish such as shad for available forage. Any impact on baitfish in turn can affect their predators — game fish such as bass, striped bass and catfish. Zebra mussels also threaten native mussel populations because they colonize on their shells and essentially suffocate them.\n“Zebra mussel infestations may also be related to blooms of toxic blue-green algae,” Van Zee said. “In 2011, Lake Texoma was closed to swimming for a time because of an outbreak of blue-green algae. The bottom line about zebra mussels is that they are bad news for Texas and we need to do everything we can to stop their spread.”\nTPWD and a coalition of partners are working to slow the spread of zebra mussels by reminding boaters to Clean, Drain and Dry their vessels before traveling from one lake to another. The partners in this effort include: North Texas Municipal Water District, Tarrant Regional Water District, City of Dallas Water Utilities Department, Trinity River Authority, San Jacinto River Authority, Sabine River Authority, Brazos River Authority, Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority, Lower Colorado River Authority, Upper Trinity Regional Water District, Canadian River Municipal Water Authority, City of Grapevine, Water Oriented Recreation District of Comal County, and the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center.\nMore information, including where water draining regulations are currently in effect, is online at www.texasinvasives.org/zebramussels.\nPhotos by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bioaccumulation.wordpress.com/2016/03/01/london-zoo-turtle-exhibit-explores-turtles-in-the-knife-kitchen/", "date": "2020-08-11T06:17:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439738735.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20200811055449-20200811085449-00123.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8991839289665222, "token_count": 399, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__25271603", "lang": "en", "text": "In a move meant to make manifest the real dangers turtles face in the wild today, the Zoological Society of London’s (ZSL) London Zoo unveiled their new Annam leaf turtle (Mauremys annamensis) exhibit last year. But to tell the raw story behind this turtle’s Critically Endangered status, ZSL bypassed the traditional bucolic exhibit depicting turtles in the lowland wetlands characteristic of Vietnam in lieu of a tell-tale tableau that reveals where they more frequently end up: in a traditional Vietnamese kitchen. The resulting still life of still-live turtles shows the stark realities of the wildlife trade, tapping into the grim fate these and other Asian turtles face from overhunting for meat, not to mention traditional medicine and the pet trade.\nThe ZSL’s all-too-real exhibit takes advantage of everything and the kitchen sink to bring this restaurant kitchen to life. The only thing more macabre than the axeman’s butchering knife, pendant woks, and bubbling soup pot are the kitchen sink itself and the butcher’s block doing double duty as aquarium and basking platform.\nAccording to Ben Tapley, team leader of the Reptile House at ZSL London Zoo, “We’ve gone to town on the new Annam leaf turtle exhibit here at ZSL London Zoo, as we want our visitors to really understand the threats facing these animals. Providing a great habitat for these beautiful turtles, with water for them to swim in and a secluded nesting area hidden behind a carefully positioned wok, the creative exhibit tells a serious story.”\nKnowing that Asian turtles like the Annam leaf turtle and Swinhoe’s soft-shell turtle (Rafetus swinhoei), the world’s rarest freshwater turtle, are close to extinction, perhaps it’s time more zoological institutions explore this morbid mode of storytelling.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://unabashedbydisability.blogspot.com/2016/12/getty-owl-foundation.html", "date": "2018-07-23T17:31:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676599291.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20180723164955-20180723184955-00450.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9436653256416321, "token_count": 109, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__30229954", "lang": "en", "text": "Founded five years ago, Getty Owl Foundation serves children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a genetic disorder that causes severe, progressive muscle weakness. SMA, the #1 genetic killer of young children, has been classified into five types depending on severity. Most children with this disorder don't live past age two. The winnings of a contestant on a recent episode of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? were donated to Getty Owl Foundation. For more information about the foundation, go to http://gettyowl.org/.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nevap.co/", "date": "2023-03-22T04:09:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296943749.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20230322020215-20230322050215-00563.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9224942326545715, "token_count": 357, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__263432017", "lang": "en", "text": "Airway management devices that improve outcomes, reduce complications, and lower costs.\nThe Aspire Subglottic Endotracheal Tube\nAirway Management doesn’t end once an artificial airway is placed, as breathing tubes can act as a path for infectious agents to enter the lower airways. This is why the leading risk factor for pneumonia (post-operative, ventilator-associated, and aspiration pneumonia) is the presence of a breathing tube.\nSubglottic drainage of the human airway is recommended by the CDC, AHRQ, ATS, SHEA, APIC, IDSA, AACN, and many other scientific associations because numerous meta-analysis and randomized control trials show it reduces time on mechanical ventilation, pneumonia incidence, antibiotic needs, and mortality in long-term ventilated patients.\nThe NEVAP Aspire Subglottic Suction Endotracheal Tube (ASSET) is the only subglottic breathing tube designed with a tissue spacer and multiple ports to prevent tissue blockage. This design results in significantly better airway drainage and and the ability to apply this infection prevention strategy in the ICU, OR, and ED.\nHere is a simply visual demonstration. 10ml of thick fluid, mimicking tracheal secretions was added into an acrylic tube and 100mm Hg suctioning was applied. The NEVAP ASSET (Right) and a single port subglottic breathing tube were compared. Cuff pressure was continuously monitored and maintained at 25mm H2O.\nThe Other Suction Tubes The NEVAP ASSET\nAre your trauma patients at particular risk of pneumonia? Listen to a leading trauma expert and his insights", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tucwc.com/weight-loss-clinic/", "date": "2023-11-30T23:53:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100258.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130225634-20231201015634-00080.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9410301446914673, "token_count": 442, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__287046467", "lang": "en", "text": "Wegovy, when used together with diet and physical activity, helps people to lose weight and keep their weight under control. Due to the nature of Wegovy, it is only licensed with, who have:\n- a BMI of 30 kg/m² or greater or\n- a BMI of at least 27 kg/m² but less than 30 kg/m² who have weight-related health problems like diabetes, high blood pressure, abnormal levels of fats in the blood, or a history of heart attacks\nBMI (body mass index) is a measure of your weight in relation to your height. Wegovy is available as pre-filled pens containing a solution for injection. It is injected once a week under the skin in the abdomen, thigh or upper arm.\nTo reduce the risk of symptoms affecting the gut, the weekly dose starts at 0.25 mg and increases gradually over 16 weeks to 2.4 mg. Patients can administer the medicine themselves. They can also change the injection site and the day of the weekly injection. For the latter, the new day should be at least 3 days after the previous day for the injection.\nAlthough obesity and overweight are associated with resistance to the plasma glucose-lowering actions of insulin, many other metabolic pathways remain responsive to insulin. The incretin GLP-1, through its receptor, increases survival of β cells and inhibits their apoptosis. Plasma concentrations of GLP-1 analogues are not increased in people with obesity or overweight and are, in fact, decreased in people with severe obesity. However, the insulin response to nutrient ingestion in such people is increased, suggesting that, as with glucose and non-esterified fatty acids, the β cell might become more responsive to the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists to modulate insulin secretion. GLP-1 receptor agonists such as liraglutide and semaglutide stimulate postprandial insulin secretion, reduce glucagon secretion, delay gastric emptying, and induce weight loss through reduction of hunger and consequent food intake. It can also increase the feeling of fullness in patients, and reduce feelings of cravings.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://harvestofjoyfarm.wordpress.com/2016/06/13/csa-newsletter-week-1-2016/", "date": "2020-08-04T05:23:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439735860.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20200804043709-20200804073709-00390.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9398247599601746, "token_count": 1260, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__34871287", "lang": "en", "text": "Our CSA newsletter from June 9:\nDear CSA members,\nSorry about the blue paper—I ran out of white and haven’t had time to get to the store! I promise something a little easier on your eyes for Week 2.\nYay, it’s harvest season! And—also still planting season. Which means it’s a very busy season. We’re making good progress, though, with mostly just the vine crops (squashes, melons, cucumbers), green onions, and corns to plant this weekend.\nAs you can see, the spinach recovered from the seed corn maggot fly larva that was munching on its roots a month or so ago. Fortunately, the fly has a fairly short life cycle, so once the larva pupated and quit eating the spinach roots, the plants rebounded pretty quickly. The kale has been a little slower to recover, but it’s coming along. I hope to begin harvesting that in a couple of weeks. Despite the trouble these seed corn flies have caused us, it was pretty neat to watch the beneficial insects respond when the flies hatched from their pupas and emerged from the soil. Suddenly, there were hundreds of flies in the garden—ugh! But then, lots and lots of blue damselflies moved in. They were everywhere, darting around the plants and eating the flies.\nI see this again and again, with different crops and insect species. One week aphids attack the tomatoes—the next week the tomatoes are full of ladybugs. Colorado potato beetles erupt in the potatoes—but here comes a praying mantis or two. It’s not that we don’t ever suffer crop loss because of insect damage or that we don’t take measures ourselves to prevent that, but over the years I’ve gotten much slower to panic about insect pest problems. I can’t remember the last time I used an organically approved broad spectrum insecticide on the vegetable plants. If I were to do so, I’d knock out those beneficial insects as well as the pests and then I’d have no one to help me with the next pest outbreak. Besides, it’s just fun to watch the insect drama unfold.\nThese situations also make me feel really grateful to you, our CSA members. By supporting us through bounty and pestilence alike, you make it possible for us to make these ecologically sound choices that might result in crop loss (but often don’t). When I choose not to use a broad spectrum insecticide (even an organically approved one), I feel your support in that choice since I don’t have to worry so much about the financial ramifications of losing that crop. I can wait and see what solutions nature provides before I jump in with extreme action. So thank you for supporting us in farming this way! It means a lot.\nA couple of beginning-of-the-season notes on washing and storing your produce:\nWashing—probably a good idea! Even though you don’t need to worry about chemical residues on our produce, our gardens are full of bugs and slugs and birds that may have crawled across or sampled your produce prior to harvest. We do rinse off the greens and roots after harvest, but it’s a good idea to give them another wash before you put them on the table. Also, we try very hard to make sure there are no creepy-crawlies hiding out in your vegetables before they get to you, but slugs and bugs are camouflage artists—it’s how they avoid predators and stay alive. So it’s entirely likely that at some point you may find an unwelcome hitchhiker in your produce. Apologies in advance!\nStoring produce—different vegetables like different temperatures and humidities. We try to get your veggies to you in prime condition. You can extend their life by storing them under the conditions that suit them best. For example, the lettuce mix and spinach bags will do well in your crisper drawer or on the lower shelf in your refrigerator. The pac choi would do well wrapped in a plastic bag or damp towel to keep the leaves moist and stored in your crisper drawer. The strawberries—well, just eat them.\nPac choi is one of our relatively reliable spring crops. You can stir-fry it with other vegetables and proteins or simply sauté it as a side dish. It’s nice with garlic and ginger, as in this recipe from the FairShare CSA Coalition’s From Asparagus to Zucchini:\nSesame Soy Braised Bok Choy\nIngredients: 1 head bok choy [or pac choi]; 2 Tbsp peanut oil; 1 Tbsp grated ginger; 1 Tbsp minced garlic; ½ cup chicken stock; 1 Tbsp toasted sesame oil; 2 Tbsp soy sauce; 2 tsp rice vinegar; 1 tsp sugar; salt and pepper; 2 Tbsp sesame seeds\nTrim the root end off the bok choy head. Slice the leafy portions of the plants from the stalks. Cut both the leaves and the stalks into large matchstick-size pieces (“julienne”), keeping the two piles separate. Heat large skillet or wok for until the surface looks hazy, 2-4 minutes. Add peanut oil and swirl it to coat the pan. Add bok choy stems; stir-fry about 5 minutes. Add ginger and garlic and stir-fry briefly. Add bok choy greens, stock, sesame oil, soy sauce, rice vinegar, sugar and salt and pepper. Cover, reduce heat to medium-low and cook until bok choy is tender and glazed with sauce, about 5-8 minutes. Remove cover, sprinkle with sesame seeds, increase heat to medium-high and cook until excess liquid evaporates, 2-3 minutes. Adjust seasonings to taste.\nHave a great week everyone! And wish us luck with the planting this weekend.\nAmy & John", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.careerguidance.ie/news/4118-trinity-college-cancer-breakthrough", "date": "2023-12-09T21:47:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100972.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209202131-20231209232131-00752.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9419056177139282, "token_count": 427, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__133789941", "lang": "en", "text": "Date Uploaded: 17/02/2017\nScientists at Trinity College Dublin have made a significant breakthrough in the fight against cancer.\nThey have discovered how certain cancers hijack the immune system for their benefit, tricking it into helping rather than harming them.\nThe team from the Smurfit Institute of Genetics at TCD, led by professor of medical genetics, Seamus Martin, identified a molecule that sends a ‘wound-healing’ message from tumours.\n“If we can disrupt this messaging system, we may be able to fight certain cancers,” said Prof Martin.\nThe wound-healing aspect of the immune response stimulates the growth of new cells within damaged tissue and brings extra nutrients and oxygen into the injured tissue. However, cancers frequently exploit the wound-healing side of the immune system for their own ends. They can masquerade as damaged tissue to receive help from the immune system.\nScientists found that a molecule called TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, that normally delivers a signal for cells to die can become rewired in certain tumours to send an inflammatory wound-healing signal.\n“Understanding how cancers turn on the wound-healing response has been mysterious, so we are very excited to find that certain cancers exploit TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. This suggests ways in which we can turn off this reaction in cancers that use TNF- related apoptosis-inducing ligand to hoodwink the immune system into helping rather than harming them, said Prof Martin.\nHe said about 90% of solid cancers are fooling the immune cells into doing its best to help the tumour.\n“A lot of people don’t realise cancer is very treatable because of breakthroughs like this enable new ways of attacking tumours. What we have discovered is another approach that can be used in the cancer treatment armoury.”\nThe research, supported by Science Foundation Ireland and Worldwide Cancer Research, is published in the peer-reviewed international journal Molecular Cell.\nJournalist: Evelyn Ring", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://recessart.org/projects/31-microbial-speculation-of-our-gut-feelings", "date": "2024-04-12T23:23:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816465.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412225756-20240413015756-00643.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9037541151046753, "token_count": 441, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__133132267", "lang": "en", "text": "Microbial Speculation of Our Gut Feelings\nTiffany Jaeyeon Shin\nMicrobial Speculation of Our Gut Feelings uses the gut’s microbes as a way of looking deeply into immigrant health and resisting processes of colonization. Tiffany Jaeyeon Shin’s Session at Recess illuminates the vibrant materiality of immigrant bodies by transforming the gallery space into an immersive DIY indoor garden and micro-brewery. Shin will home-brew lactic acid and use it to facilitate plant growth and seed germination, a tradition used in a Korean natural farming called JADAM. In the spirit of JADAM, which translates to “people that resemble nature,” Shin will harvest plants, herbs, and fungi, all of which will be foraged for a final, microbial dinner feast.\nThe gut’s microbial composition governs many of our bodily systems: the skin, neurotransmitters, immunity, metabolism, mental health, and digestion. Microbial Speculation of Our Gut Feelings responds to research published in 2018 in the scientific journal Cell that shows that immigrants lose their native gastrointestinal microbes within six to nine months after arriving in the United States. These native microbes are then replaced with microbes more common in European-American people, a process that makes immigrants more vulnerable to metabolic diseases. Given this, how might immigrants resist the literal and material Westernization of their bodies?\nTaking ecology as subject and methodology, Microbial Speculation of Our Gut Feelings dives into Shin’s research on lactic acid bacteria (LAB). When consumed, LAB can fortify the gastric lining, improving metabolization and immunity. LAB is also a natural probiotic that inputs microbes into the soil, cultivating complex, indigenous microbial communities. Shin considers these ferments as a vital material that suggests possibilities for common survival, inter-species symbiosis, and care.\nShin’s home-brewed lactic acid and indoor garden provide an opportunity to reimagine the ecological composition of the human body as a speculative and animated site for microbial transformation.\nOn view: March 7–April 19, 2024", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.explorecochise.com/Attractions/page:5/", "date": "2013-05-22T14:46:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9643111228942871, "token_count": 161, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__184978604", "lang": "en", "text": "This 1,500-acre wildlife habitat is famous for the large population of Sandhill Cranes during the winter season of October through February. Whitewater Draw Wildlife Area lies in the Chiricahua desert grassland habitat of the Sulphur Springs Valley. Spotting scopes are located on the viewing platforms for use by visitors. Allow 2 hours.\nEach winter season, October through February, more than 20,000 Sandhill Cranes flock to this playa (an ancient, closed basin lakebed). The area was formed from ancient sedimentary deposits of gravel, sand and silt, as well as dune sand and landslide landslide masses. A birding festival held every January, \"Wings Over Willcox\", features food, field trips, seminars, etc. Allow 2 hours.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.jaimeroman-pavajeaumd.com/services/gallbladder-disease", "date": "2023-05-31T04:28:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646257.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20230531022541-20230531052541-00527.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9422696828842163, "token_count": 675, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__67134208", "lang": "en", "text": "There are many different types of gallbladder disease, some of which can cause extreme pain during an attack. Jaime L. Roman-Pavajeau, MD, PA, is an experienced general surgeon providing outstanding care to patients living in and around Katy, Texas. If you would like to schedule a consultation for abdominal pain, call the office, or book online today.\nGallbladder disease is an umbrella term for a number of conditions that can affect the gallbladder.\nYour gallbladder is a small sac that sits underneath your liver, storing the bile that’s produced in the liver and delivering it to your small intestine. Your body uses bile to help it digest fats as they pass through your small intestine.\nThere are numerous types of gallbladder disease. Some of the more common gallbladder conditions include:\nGallstones form from undissolved cholesterol, bilirubin, and other substances that build up and block off the gallbladder and bile ducts. They vary in size between tiny grains and masses the size of a golf ball.\nCholecystitis can be either an acute or chronic inflammation in the gallbladder. Gallstones often lead to acute cholecystitis attacks, but the condition may occasionally have other causes, including tumors. Chronic cholecystitis develops after repeated attacks of acute cholecystitis when the gallbladder shrinks and can’t store or release its bile supply.\nIf you have gallstones that get stuck in the neck of your gallbladder or bile ducts, bile builds up and causes inflammation and distension of your gallbladder, a condition known as choledocholithiasis. Choledocholithiasis can cause extreme pain as well as fever, jaundice, and vomiting.\nOther conditions affecting the gallbladder include:\nTo diagnose your gallbladder disease, Dr. Roman-Pavajeau reviews your symptoms and medical history and carries out a comprehensive physical exam. You need to have blood tests and may also need to undergo diagnostic procedures such as an X-ray, ultrasound, or other forms of diagnostic testing.\nAn endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may also be useful, especially if Dr. Roman-Pavajeau suspects you have a gallstone blockage, as he can clear the gallstones during the ERCP procedure.\nMaking lifestyle changes such as losing weight and managing underlying conditions like diabetes can make a significant difference for many forms of gallbladder disease. If you have an attack of gallbladder pain, it can be severe, so you may need prescription medication to control the pain and ease the inflammation.\nThe main treatment for bouts of gallbladder disease that cause multiple attacks of inflammation and pain is surgical removal. This is a safe and effective treatment, as you can live without your gallbladder. Dr. Roman-Pavajeau is an expert in performing many forms of surgery, including minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery for gallbladder removal.\nIf you’re concerned you may have gallbladder disease, call Jaime L. Roman-Pavajeau, MD, PA, today, or book an appointment online.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://camsurstaystray.blogspot.com/2013/08/gmo-life-saving-botanical-vaccines.html", "date": "2024-02-28T23:29:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474746.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228211701-20240229001701-00464.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9733120799064636, "token_count": 1192, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__176136858", "lang": "en", "text": "Stay, Stray, Play and Feast is taking a break from traveling and feasting to post a personal standpoint about GMO's aside from anti-GMO advocates violent stand.\nThis was written by my then 12 year old daughter 2 to 3 years ago at the Village Montessori School when she was in first year high school.\nGMO: Life- Saving Botanical Vaccines\nNicole P. Caceres\nThe Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) forum that we attended at the Naga Science High School was an exercise of futility. It wasn’t a forum at all as the speakers were all against GMO. I cannot believe that it was even held in (supposed to be) a Science High School but the lecturers invited by the organizers were far from being scientific. They were more of religious zealots.\nGMO is not a new thing.\nHuman beings were the first beneficiaries of the genetically modified organisms that continue to save millions of lives. Scientist cultured deadly microorganisms, and genetically attenuated their virulence and pathogenicity, inoculated them to people to protect them from various diseases.\nMeasles, pneumonia, typhoid fever, hepatitis, tuberculosis and even certain types of cancer, to name a few- have been eradicated in advanced countries like United States due to strict implementation of their immunization programs.\nDuring the GMO forum, I have noticed that the people who are against genetically modified organisms are being too closed-minded. They based their fears on unproven theories, hearsays and testimonials rather than scientific researches’ conclusions and outcome.\nThe most ludicrous part of the supposed to be scientific session is that the anti- GMO’s are even using biblical verses to justify their lunacy. Using God as a reason is unacceptable in any scientific endeavour. I would rather go to church if I need a spiritual shot in my arm- but the organizer actually bastardized what is supposed to be a scientific session with so many personal outbursts of emotions.\nTo justify their contradictions to GMO’s, they cited that a number “innocent creatures”, (that’s how they call them), are going to die because it would interfere with the natural cycle of life.\nLet us talk in a more scientific way. It is but natural for Mycobactrum Tuberculosis (the bug that causes TB) to live in someone’s lung. It is a part of their natural cycle or they will petrify and die. It is also of human nature that no one would what their lungs to be the host for the said bacteria. I would not want any TB bacteria in my lungs even if I am a part of their life cycle. I would gladly donate them to the anti- GMO advocates. Would they be happy to host the bacteria until they spit blood after their lungs are eaten by the disease? Even veterinarians give anti- TB shots to cattles. Who would want to eat TB infected beef? If GMO vaccines were not invented, everyone would be eating naturally diseased meat.\nIf I were a corn and there’s someone offering me protection from bugs- I would want one for myself. Oh, if only corns could talk, every corn in the world would be demanding to become a genetically modified corn.\nI also found it silly when they said that GMO is not the answer to decreasing poverty rate. They may be partly right- since the cause of poverty is multi- factorial. GMO is not the answer to poverty but it would help alleviate hunger. The climate change nowadays, brings large amount of rain causing flash floods and sometimes prolonged draught on summer. Extreme changes in temperature and weather brings pestilence.\nWho would not want to have flood resistant GMO rice that would assure farmers of bountiful harvest even after a devastating typhoon? Or pest- resistant crops that could resist extreme heat and drought?\nThe anti- GMO advocates also contended that it has negative effects to humans that consume them. That’s highly speculative and according to my Dad (who is a doctor) he has not heard of any medical condition related to people that consumed GMO in any medical books or any medical literatures. Such condition only exists as a paranoia to some people and they need to be seen by a psychiatrist.\nGMOs could make plants, flood and pest- resistant and even sunlight resistant. They would also serve as a protection to the strong ultra-violet lights. They could serve as plant- protective sunblocks. GMOs are botanical vaccines that make plants and animals resistant to disease. Plants with strong resistance to pests and sunlight bear fruits and vegetables with longer shelf life and stay fresh longer.\nThe contention that some bugs would evolve into stronger and more dangerous creatures- well, I thought these people that have been citing the bible do not believe in evolution. Evolution is a natural thing. Remember, Adam and Eve evolve from Lucy. With or without GMO’s everything in the universe will evolve in response to climactic and environmental changes.\nSome species are bound to be extinct even without the GMOs. Imagine humans co- existing with the dinosaurs if they did not get extinct? GMO’s were not invented then so I don’t think they’re responsible for specie evolution and extinction.\nCiting biblical verses in a scientific forum is a big NO.\nBased from what I learned from our Science and a Religion classes, it was mentioned that Religion and Science do not go hand-in-hand because they conflict with each other. Bible is a book of faith. It was not written as a scientific paper so we should not seek scientific answers from the bible.\nWhile we ask people to respect the bible and the bible believers, isn’t it fair that we respect science and scientists as well?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://coco-net.org/event/natural-birth-control-fertility-awareness-level-1/", "date": "2023-03-31T19:07:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949678.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20230331175950-20230331205950-00410.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9366089701652527, "token_count": 192, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__222818058", "lang": "en", "text": "Curious about a completely natural form a birth control, free of drugs, devices and worry? Want to know how to determine when ovulation has occurred so that you can safely have intercourse without concern of pregnancy – or to know when is the best time to conceive? Wondering about the effects of different hormones, and how women’s cycles are intimately related to the cycles and rhythms of our lives?\nThe Fertility Awareness Method (FAM) is a natural and precise sympto-thermal method that helps offer a new perspective on cyclical changes, which can be helpful for determining the best time to conceive – or to avoid pregnancy – and also offer insight into how these changes are part of our deeper sexual and creative expression. This introductory course will outline the basic notions of FAM, clarify misconceptions about the practice, and explain when it is and isn’t an ideal method. It is open to anyone interested in learning more about how FAM.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.ipswich-humangivens.co.uk/services/stress-management/", "date": "2020-04-05T17:25:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585371606067.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20200405150416-20200405180916-00400.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9510974884033203, "token_count": 317, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-16", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__141262218", "lang": "en", "text": "Stress comes from a feeling of being threatened or overwhelmed by life's challenges, we feel stressed when we feel unable to cope or we have a feeling of being out of control. What one person may feel stressed about another person may not; it is very dependent on the individual and their coping strategies.\nRefined over thousands of years our bodies have created mechanisms to protect us in stressful, life threatening situations, stress causes a surge of hormones in your body. Stress hormones are released to enable you to deal with pressures or threats, also known as the fight or flight response. Adrenaline and Cortisol are released which increase your heart rate, raises your blood pressure, suppresses your digestive and immune systems.\nOnce the pressure or threat has passed, your stress hormone levels will usually return to normal. However, if you're constantly under stress, these hormones will remain in your body, leading to the symptoms of stress.\nEveryone is different, but stress can affect how you feel, think, behave and how your body works. Signs and symptoms of stress can include anxiety, excessive worrying, sleep disturbance, IBS, loss or gaining of weight, sweating and difficulty concentrating. You may also experience headaches, muscle tension or pain, or dizziness. This may lead to heart disease, obesity, diabetes, worsening of skin conditions such as eczema and depression.\nUsing tried and tested techniques we can help you to reduce your feelings of stress and learn new ways of dealing with stressful situations, improving your self-\nTo find out more please contact the Therapy Needs Met team now.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://kimayablends.in/collections/essential-oil-blends-roll-ons", "date": "2024-04-17T06:37:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817144.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417044411-20240417074411-00503.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9494481086730957, "token_count": 173, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__183073214", "lang": "en", "text": "Essential oils are potent phytochemicals that are extracted from plants. They help preserve the plant’s life and functions in adverse conditions. As a result, they can be used to help balance pain and stress conditions that we experience in our lives.\nEach of our essential oil blends are carefully formulated and crafted by hand to help the body balance out the stress and discomfort we experience in our routines by simply applying them onto the pressure points, like the wrists, behind the ears, on the temples, and the forehead, or in the case of the pain relief oils, the area of discomfort.\nThe beauty of essential oils is that they help the body adapt and balance itself to the optimal level without any habit-forming actions. They work on the body as and when applied. The beautiful aromas that accompany essential oil blends are just an additional bonus.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.aviapharma.se/libragel/", "date": "2021-04-19T00:16:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038862159.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20210418224306-20210419014306-00596.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8732303380966187, "token_count": 520, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__153022597", "lang": "en", "text": "Libragel protective vaginal gel is an aqueous gel that contains purified water, carbomer, phenoxyethanol, polyethylene glycol, sodium hydroxide.\nLibragel has been developed by a team of researchers at the Karolinska Institute in collaboration with some of Sweden’s most established midwives and sexologists, to be used by women with dry or sensitive epithelia. Libragel can be used before sexual intercourse or exercise to ease burning sensations, pain, and potential soreness by establishing a protective barrier which reduces friction. It can also be used around the vaginal opening and the outer genitals if needed.\nThe gel is easy to use and immediately creates protection. Libragel forms a barrier on the vaginal epithelium, which gives a pleasant cooling feeling. The protective membrane reduces friction which can otherwise cause burning sensations, pain and cracking.\nThe gel has a balanced pH that helps to preserve the vaginal pH.\nLibragel gives a soothing, moist sensation. Libragel is hormone-free.\nLibragel is intended for use inside the vagina and on the outer labia. Libragel is applied inside the vagina with a pre-filled applicator. The applicator is designed to supply the recommended amount of Libragel.\nUsing the Libragel applicator:\n- Hold the applicator at its wide end.\n- Twist off the seal at the narrow end and discard.\n- Insert the narrow end of the applicator carefully into the vagina, as deep as possible without discomfort.\n- Squeeze the wide end of the applicator firmly and apply the gel. The applicator is intended for single use. Once the applicator has been opened, it should be used immediately.\nHow Libragel works:\nLibragel creates a moist barrier on the inside of the vagina, giving a smooth, cooling sensation. The protective surface reduces friction which could otherwise cause burning sensation, pain and soreness when having sexual intercourse. Libragel has a high water content, which adds moisture to the vagina and the outer genitals. Libragel has a balanced pH that contributes to maintaining the vaginal pH, which makes the gel gentle to use. Libragel is dermatologically tested.\nDo not use the product if you are hypersensitive to any of the ingredients stated.\nFor more information, please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.org or visit www.libragel.se.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.acupuncture.org.nz/events/manual-muscle-testing-mmt-for-the-acupuncturist/", "date": "2023-04-02T04:50:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296950383.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20230402043600-20230402073600-00613.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8654728531837463, "token_count": 417, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__211807133", "lang": "en", "text": "StartTime: Sat 29 January 2011 9:30 am\nManual Muscle Testing for the Acupuncturist\nInstructor: Matt Callison\nDate: 29-30 January 2010\nTime: 9.30am to 4.30pm\nVenue: Wellpark College of Natural Medicine, 6 Francis Street, Grey Lynn, Auckland\nNZRA CPD 12 Hours approved\nCosts: NZRA Members $325.00\nNon-NZRA Members $350.00\nMMT and other specific orthopedic examinations will be taught that identify muscle imbalance and cause injury. These assessment techniques are an integral part of differential diagnosis.\nMMT is performed to identify and evaluate the integrity of the contractile tissue and the muscle's capability of providing support and stability. Learn why a muscle is weak and how to turn the muscle back on with innovative acupuncture needling techniques.\nLearn how to identify muscle/tendon injury. MMT will identify the injured tissue therefore providing the practitioner with an accurate assessment of location of the involved muscle/tendon and the affected acupuncture meridian to treat.\nThis workshop will focus on the anatomy, palpation and the fundamentals of MMT for muscles acting on the neck, shoulder, low back, hip and knee.\nInnovative treatment protocols will be demonstrated and practiced consisting of needle techniques to the involved motor and Huatuojiaji points to balance the musculoskeletal system. Direct moxibustion techniques to the injured tendon and myofascial release techniques the injured tissue for long lasting results.\nThe experience of this workshop will refine your assessment and treatment skills, expand your knowledge of muscle balancing using acupuncture techniques and greatly enhance the success rate in identifying and treating muscle/tendon injuries.\nTo enroll go to: https://www.sportsmedicineacupuncture.com/acusport-seminar-series-continuing-education/\nContact: Kim Fanelli at firstname.lastname@example.org", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.ocimumeco.com/ofresh.html", "date": "2019-02-17T14:17:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247481994.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20190217132048-20190217154048-00567.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8891704082489014, "token_count": 171, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-09__0__92648016", "lang": "en", "text": "Ozone, a powerful antioxidant, is produced when oxygen (O2) molecules are dissociated by an energy source into oxygen atoms and subsequently form an unstable gas, ozone (O3). Most wastewater treatment plants generate ozone by imposing a high voltage alternating current across a dielectric discharge gap that contains an oxygen-bearing gas. Ozone is generated onsite because it is unstable and decomposes to elemental oxygen in a short time after generation. Ozone is a very strong oxidant and virucide.\n- Direct oxidation/destruction of the cell wall with leakage of cellular constituents outside of the cell\n- Reactions with radical by-products of ozone decomposition\n- Damage to the constituents of the nucleic acids (purines and pyrimidines)\n- Breakage of carbon-nitrogen bonds leading to depolymerisation", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.newlandmedical.com/lab-services/", "date": "2024-02-21T00:29:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473360.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221002544-20240221032544-00294.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9390299320220947, "token_count": 1367, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__16154035", "lang": "en", "text": "Lab Services Overview\nNewland Medical Associates laboratories are dedicated to providing high quality, cost effective laboratory services through clinical expertise and patient focused support services.\nNewland Medical Associates has on-site laboratory services to help our physicians rapidly and accurately assess your health care needs. Our laboratories are modern, computerized facilities with state-of-the-art instrumentation. We provide a comprehensive range of diagnostic services, from the complete blood count to specialized processing. As an patient, you can benefit from our compassionate, experienced phlebotomy employees. The lab is staffed by highly trained medical laboratory technicians.\nRapid availability of test results is another valuable service. When needed, many of the critical blood tests your doctor has ordered can be processed immediately in the clinic lab to expedite diagnosis and treatment.\nNewland Medical Associates Laboratories maintain unsurpassed quality and performance standards so that you can be assured of accurate, reliable test results. Our clinical and technical quality is maintained through our participation in state and national proficiency and licensure programs.\nCBC – Complete Blood Count\nThis test is usually ordered as part of a routine medical exam. The CBC monitors the cellular elements in your blood such as the infection fighting white blood cells (WBC), the oxygen carrying red blood cells (RBC), and platelets, which aid in the clotting process. It also gives a measure of hemoglobin (HGB) the actual iron binding material inside the RBC.\nTo the oncology patient the CBC is a very important test. It is the direct reflection of what is happening in the bone marrow. Much of the treatment that a cancer patient receives has an impact on the bone marrow, which in turn is reflected in the CBC. The CBC is used not only to monitor treatment effects. It is used to monitor disease states such as the several forms of leukemia, anemia, and hereditary blood disorders.\nWBC – White Blood Count\nThis test is a part of a CBC and is a count of the actual number of white blood cells per volume of blood. The WBC differential looks at the types of white blood cells present. There are five different types of white blood cells, each with its own function in protecting us from infection. The differential classifies a person’s WBCs into each type: neutrophils, which fight bacterial infection (also known as segs, or grans), lymphocytes, the cells of the immune system which fight viral infections, monocytes, the cells that are on garbage detail that help tidy up the blood and tissues, and the eosinophils and basophils that respond to allergies.\nThis test is often a part of the CBC. It is ordered when a patient has unexplained bruises or takes a long time to stop bleeding from a small cut or wound. Chemotherapy and some certain drugs can cause a decreased in the platelet count. Patients at risk for bleeding are monitored closely to maintain their platelet count at an acceptable level.\nThis test is used to monitor therapy during treatment for ovarian cancer. It is also useful to monitor possible disease progression after treatment is complete. It may also be used to follow high-risk women who have a family history of ovarian cancer but who do not yet have the disease.\nThis test is used to monitor the response to treatment for breast cancer. It is also useful to monitor for recurrence of breast cancer after diagnosis and initial therapy.\nIron is needed to help form red blood cells, which carry oxygen throughout the body. Iron is an important part of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen in the lungs and then releases it as blood flows to other parts of the body. Low iron levels can lead to anemia, in which the body does not have enough red blood cells or hemoglobin. Other conditions, some inherited, can cause you to have too much iron in your blood. This too needs to be monitored because of the strain it can put on the liver.\nThe American Cancer Society recommends that this test be performed on men beginning at age 50 on an annual basis. It is used to confirm a diagnosis of prostate cancer and to watch for recurrence of prostate cancer after diagnosis and initial therapy.\nCommon Lab Questions\nSince larger needles hurt more, why don’t you always use the smallest needle possible?\nSmall needles cause pressure changes in the collecting tubes and may cause hemolysis or damage to the red cells. This hemolysis can cause a specimen to be unacceptable or worse yet, when it is small enough to get by, will cause incorrect answers. So, the standard size needles became standard because they cause the least amount of trauma to the patient while giving the laboratory an acceptable specimen. There is no actual difference in the bore size of a butterfly versus a straight needle. Butterflies are more convenient to use for small difficult veins.\nWhy does everyone keep asking for my date of birth?\nYour birthday is only one of the ways we use identify you. We adhere to very strict patient identification standards to make sure that there are no mix-ups when it comes to your blood specimens.\nHow do I get the results of the tests my doctor ordered?\nSome of your lab test results may be available before you leave the office. You can ask your nurse or physician for those results. For other test results, you may call the office several days after your blood is drawn to ask the nurse about your results. Do not call the laboratory for results because we are not allowed to give out this information.\nCan I get a copy of my results?\nYou may ask the person drawing your blood for a copy of the results. If the test results will be available before you leave the clinic, you may have a copy of the result. For tests completed after you leave, you will need to sign an authorization form if you want them sent to you.\nAnother one of my doctors has ordered lab work in addition to what has been ordered at Newland Medical Associates. Can I get those done here also?\nIf you have a prescription from the other physician, we may be able to perform this testing. The prescription must have the physician’s name, address, phone number and a medically appropriate diagnosis code. (However this can only be done when you are scheduled for blood work from one of our doctors that same day. In other words we can not draw blood for another doctor only.)\nWhy can’t I just go to the lab to have a test done without seeing a doctor?\nEach test requires a physician’s order to assure appropriate tests are done under the appropriate circumstances. This helps to avoid wasteful testing and assures that there is a single physician ultimately responsible to follow-up on that test result.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.medicatrixnaturae.com/", "date": "2015-09-05T01:06:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-35/segments/1440645371566.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20150827031611-00009-ip-10-171-96-226.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9479124546051025, "token_count": 2295, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-35__0__22472635", "lang": "en", "text": "You have reached the home of the nutriment range of dietary supplements, an exclusive range that uses barley grass as only additive. No flowing agents. No anti-caking agents. Nothing other than barley grass and the active ingredients.\nNormally dietary supplements are made by mixing a number of isolated nutrients (the active ingredients) with an inactive base. This merely provides a few isolated nutrients to correct a possible deficiency in one's diet. By mixing the active ingredients with barley grass however, the dietary supplement is transformed into a wholesome food – a nutriment –which furnishes the body with all the nutrients that are needed on a daily basis. This in turn leads to an increase in energy, vitality and wellbeing.\nIsn't that what dietary supplementation is all about?\n|Supplement: n Thing added to remedy deficiencies.||Nutriment: n Something that nourishes or promotes growth, provides energy, repairs body tissue and maintains life.|\n|The Concise Oxford Dictionary, New Edition||Merriam-Webster Dictionary|\nA Need For Supplementation\nSupplements are taken in order to provide those nutrients that we no longer obtain from our diets - something that is added to our daily food intake to make up for any deficiency that may exist. We take it for granted that these supplements provide the necessary vitamins, minerals and other nutrients (the active ingredients, or actives listed on the label), that are missing from our food. What we tend to overlook is that most dietary supplements contain a number of ingredients in addition to those listed as actives, ingredients that are not always indicated on the label. These so called “other ingredients” that are found in dietary supplements include inactive additives such as fillers, anti-caking agents, preservatives and more - often in such quantities that they exceed the amount of the actives themselves.\nTake biotin as an example.\nBiotin is one of the B vitamins which plays an important role in energy producing cycles in the body. Biotin is required in very small quantities on a daily basis and usually forms part of a vitamin B complex supplement. Sometimes however, there is an added requirement for biotin and then it has to be taken separately.\nThe RDA (recommended daily allowance) for biotin is 400 microgram - a measure so small that it could be placed on a pin head. Yet a typical biotin supplement will often exceed 300 milligrams in weight – well over 700 times the amount of biotin itself.\nThink about that for a moment. If you are taking a supplement for its biotin content, you are not only getting the biotin but also 700 times as much added ingredients, ingredients for which no deficiencies exist.\nWhat exactly are these other ingredients, or additives, that are included with the active component of our supplements, and what role, if any, do they play in our bodies?\nThe Nature of Additives\nIt wouldn't make sense to fill a large capsule with a few micrograms of actives such as biotin powder, and so manufacturers add inactive fillers or bulking agents to the active component (biotin), to increase the volume until it reaches a suitable quantity. Often the filler on its own is not enough. The powder may tend to clump together so an inactive anti-caking agent may be added, or a flowing agent to facilitate the powder's flow characteristics. All these various inactive ingredients are invariably synthetic and contain components that are foreign to the body. Even those derived from natural materials such as plant fibre (cellulose) are highly processed and may contain residues of solvents and bleaching agents that can be harmful. The resultant supplement consequently consists of a small amount of active material – the biotin – and a large amount of inactive ingredients consisting mostly of synthetic chemicals and harmful solvent residues.\nThe Shortcomings of Modern Supplements\nMixing the likes of biotin with inactive ingredients and turning this into a supplement is largely an artificial process which has a number of disadvantages. The first of these is that the additives as a whole provide a less than optimal food source for the absorption and utilization of the active ingredients. Our digestive systems are designed to make use of plants and animals products as a natural food source - living organisms where vitamins and minerals are associated with other nutrients (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) that all play an active part in the body. Isolating nutrients in an inactive base simply doesn't make sense.\nDuring digestion of natural foods vitamins and minerals attach to protein complexes in the digestive tract, which enhances their absorption and ensures that they do not end up as isolated entities in the blood stream. Proteins complexes in the blood are not normally excreted by the kidneys, and so the attached vitamins and minerals remain in the body much longer.\nWith artificial foodstuffs such as supplements, protein complexes cannot be formed from the inactive additives and the attachment of active ingredients such as vitamins and other nutrients thus cannot take place. Vitamins and minerals are consequently absorbed less efficiently, enter the blood stream as isolated, free-floating nutrients and are rapidly excreted by the kidneys, resulting in strongly coloured so called “expensive” urine.\nA second disadvantage of supplements is that the exclusive use of inactive ingredients results in the scarcity of nutrients as a whole, a condition not found in foods that occur naturally. The biotin supplement, for example, contains only biotin and inactive additives, whereas a biotin-rich food source such as an egg provides not only the biotin but numerous other nutrients that are essential for the biochemical processes of the body. Taking a supplement that provides biotin in isolated form can be likened to oiling a single cog in a complex piece of machinery – if the other cogs aren't oiled as well, the machine will eventually come to a complete standstill.\nThe presense of foreign chemicals is also of concern. Foreign particles of any sort mobilize the immune system and thus use up the body's reserves of nutrients. A single supplement may trigger only a slight immune response, but if 20 or more supplements are taken each day the total amount of inactive material consumed may exceed 2 grams – half a level teaspoon – and could contain a substantial amount of foreign chemicals. In this case the immune response would be much greater, and the body's nutrient reserves would be drained more substantially, counteracting the effect of taking supplements in the first place.\nBarley Grass as Supplement Additive\nMixing biotin with barley grass as only additive largely eliminates the shortcomings of supplements. The biotin now forms part of a natural food source. A food source, moreover, that has a higher level of biotin than the active ingredient, as is the case with biotin-rich eggs for example.\nDuring digestion of the biotin/barley grass supplement, the breakdown of the barley grass ensures that protein complexes and other breakdown products are available, as they would be with a natural food source. The biotin can thus attach itself to these protein complexes, resulting in enhanced absorption and retention as with any natural food source.\nBarley grass also provides a wealth of nutrients that are absorbed during the digestion process, ensuring that all the biochemical pathway in the body receive adequate nutrients for optimal functioning.\nThe biotin/barley grass supplement contains no chemical additives or foreign components that unnecessarily mobilize the immune system. Taking in excess of 20 capsules per day would provide the benefits of 2g – ½ teaspoon – of pure barley grass powder in addition to the active labelled ingredients, thus restoring the body's reserves over time and enhancing well-being overall.\nMedicatrix Naturae - Natural Medicine\nIn the time of Hippocrates approximately 2500 years ago people ate foods that were rich in nutrients. Supplements were unknown - the industrial revolution with its processing and refining techniques was still a long way off, and foods had not yet been stripped of the the vitamins and minerals that our bodies require to keep the biochemical pathways functioning optimally and so ensuring peak health. The so called metabolic diseases of today, such as heart disease, diabetes, stroke, cancer were virtually unheard of – the food you ate was indeed the medicine that kept you healthy.\nAnimals in the wild eat the same food which they always have, and rarely become ill. Clearly, this is because the grasses and leaves that serve as their food source have remained unchanged since the time of Hippocrates. We humans on the other hand have become prone to a myriad of ailments. The answer lies in the foods that we eat. Genetically, humans and animals have remained virtually the same over the past 2 ½ thousand years, but the environment hasn't. Soil depletion, pesticides, industrial refining processes and pollution have all contributed to the decline in our food quality which in turn has given rise to the large number of metabolic illnesses so prevalent among us. It is only by changing to an organic lifestyle and eating the foods to which we are naturally adapted that we can regain our health. This may not always be possible, but an acute awareness of the foods that we eat and the judicious choice of the dietary supplements taken on a daily basis, will take us a long way there.\nMedicatrix nutriments contain all the nutritional benefits of the wholesome foods to which we are naturally adapted, providing the necessary vitamins and minerals needed to keep all the biochemical pathways in the body functioning optimally, thus ensuring optimal health and vitality - very much like foods in the time of Hippocrates.\nMedicatrix nutriments have the added advantage that they can supply higher concentrations of active ingredients than normally found in natural food sources. The amount of vitamin B5 from 50 apples, for example, can be supplied in a single capsule. Known deficiency conditions such as arthritis can therefore be specifically targeted with nutriments that contain a higher than normal concentration of vitamin B5 – the active ingredient – mixed with a barley grass base to ensure optimal utilization. It is therefore possible to correct abnormal deficiency conditions more rapidly than when eating normal wholesome food – better even than in Hippocrates day! – making Medicatrix nutriments a natural medicine in the true sense of the word.\nWe have made every endeavour to create a supplement range as healthy as possible.\n* First of all, by using only barley grass, we have eliminated the harmful additives that are normally found in supplements and changed the nutritional format from a highly artificial one to one that is found in wholesome foods.\n* We have used capsules made from vegetable material throughout the range, coloured dark green – using chlorophyll – to protect against UV rays from sunlight as much as possible.\n* We have used amber glass bottles with metal caps throughout for enhanced UV protection as well as to eliminate the possible harmful effects of plastic contaminants.\n* We have provided each bottle with a full-length shrink sleeve seal to further protect against UV radiation and oxidation, thereby keeping the contents fresh and providing tamper proof protection.\n* Finally, we have replaced the desiccant sachet and sponge insert with an inert cellophane wad to prevent the possibility of toxins leaching into the supplement.\nSounds good? We think so. It's the type of supplement we would all want to have.\nSome images courtesy of imagerymajestic at FreeDigitalPhotos.net", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://beyondbordersdotme.wordpress.com/2014/10/10/when-sleep-is-a-gift/", "date": "2018-06-23T08:02:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864953.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20180623074142-20180623094142-00323.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9551990032196045, "token_count": 446, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__201851080", "lang": "en", "text": "It is too early to be awake. The house is dark and the sun is barely breaking the horizon. Yet we are awake. For some this is the norm, but for us it is not. Neither of our children have functional sleep patterns. Between the two of them there is a 4-6 hour window we can actually sleep.\nSleep is definitely a gift in this house. Sleep plays a critical role in immune function, metabolism, memory, learning, and other vital functions, it is during sleep that our body repairs itself.\nThere are 5 stages in the sleep cycle. Stage 1 – falling asleep. Stage 2 – disengaging from your surroundings. Stage 3 – falling into deep sleep and beginning restorative functions. Stage 4 – deep sleep, most high level functions of the brain are shut down. Stage 5 – REM sleep. The areas of the brain that handle emotions and memory to become highly active.\nDuring deep sleep your body is restoring itself from the damages that occurred during the day from toxins in our environment, hormones released from stress, toxins in our water and food, illness, etc. Research has shown that the brain needs at least 3 hours to shut down. That’s 3 hours of sleep minimum for your body to begin the process of repair.\nSleep is vital.\nWithout we cannot be prepared to handle the chaos the happens each day. We become impatient. Anxious. Frustrated. All of this only escalates the chaos. not just for us as parents, but for our children. When they have not slept enough their bodies react in chaos, perhaps even to the extreme. Every little thing becomes an irritant to them. It can be a vicious cycle, this lack of sleep.\nBut how do you find it when you live with dysfunctional sleep patterns? The answer is not easy for us. It is a matter of trial and error and being flexible. Creating an environment where sleep cycles correct. Taking turns on the awakening. And we are still seeking the solution.\nIn the mean time, a strong cup of coffee might just be in order.\nThis is day seven in 31 one days of finding quiet in the chaos. To view the whole series click here.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://aquaculture.fischgut-primus.de/en/international-schooling-for-aquaculture-2/", "date": "2024-04-19T20:44:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817455.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419203449-20240419233449-00436.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.94449383020401, "token_count": 718, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__62360586", "lang": "en", "text": "International Schooling for Aquaculture\nThe International Schooling for Aquaculture-Programme (ISFA) was founded in 2005 because we noticed that the owners and their employees needed support in operating a full-circulation system, as well as in reproducing and fattening fish all year round.\nSince 1995 Fischgut Primus has been offering courses and training courses for interested parties and skilled fish workers as individual and group seminars with a focus on fish farming and plant operation. we started to hold special intensive training courses for farm managers and/or responsible employees of aquacultures built by Fischgut Primus Anlagenbau. In order to ensure practical orientation, the training courses are held in the highly modern multiplication and fattening farms of Fischgut Primus and Zierfisch Primus.\nBecause of the very high demand, these training courses have been open to all in the individual specialist areas since the beginning of 2008. We also offer you support in problem analysis, problem solving and troubleshooting, e.g. with regard to systems, recurring fish losses or waxing problems of individual fish species in different system types.\nThe training takes place in intensive courses, which take about 2-3 weeks. The pupil receives an intensive training in fully functional systems, tailored to his needs. The training units can last up to 10 hours per day.\nThe training begins with the normal operation of a modern recirculation system in order to experience the daily recurring tasks of a skilled worker in the field of recirculation technology for himself. Especially in the field of circulatory technology, the detection of diseases and the disease profile axis have proved to be the most important fields, so we start working on this subject at the same time.\nThe sex and maturity of some Fish species such as sturgeon are of great importance in breeding farms, of course.\nAfter gender determination, reproduction is another important part of our programme to ensure fish production all year round regardless of weather conditions. Especially for fish species that are difficult to reproduce, well-founded training is the guarantee for a functioning aquaculture. Reproduction techniques, especially for sturgeon, present many biologists and fish masters with enormous challenges. In the case of reproduction, without appropriate training there would be no timely functional reproduction in the individual aquacultures.\nSpecial trainings about the treatment of tumors (especially with the Koi), the marking of fish or the storage of sperm over longer periods of time will be treated by the ISFA according to your wish and urgency.\nIn Fischgut Primus not only the reproduction and rearing of individual fish species are taught, but also the processing of the fish. Slaughtering, refining (smoking) or the special preparation of your own specialities in the Fischrestaurant Primus can become part of your programme if you wish. It would also be possible to offer caviar removal and processing up to canning.\nOn request, the pupil will receive a certificate of participation in the individual subject areas which he or she will pass through here in the respective companies. Mr. Lothar Primus himself holds several diplomas in aquaculture, the last from the Banat Sturio for the construction and consulting of a sturgeon facility.\nOn special request the training can also take place directly in the aquaculture in which the participant of the ISFA program works or will work, especially in case of plant problems this approach has proven to be a leading goal.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.developmental-biology.org/", "date": "2020-10-29T01:55:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107902683.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20201029010437-20201029040437-00458.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9252963066101074, "token_count": 134, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__14025194", "lang": "en", "text": "Mechanisms of Development and Gene Expression Patterns are official publications of the ISDB. Mechanisms of Development is published in 1 volume (12 issues) per year and Gene Expression Patterns is published in 1 volume (6 issues) per year. Subscriptions to Mechanisms of Development and Gene Expression Patterns are available through Elsevier's Customer Service Department. Both journals are published in close collaboration between the ISDB and Elsevier and incorporate all ISDB News and are the official platform for communication with and between the members of the ISDB.\nFor further details, such as bibliographic and ordering information, instruction to authors, etcetera, click on the cover images", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.healthessentials.com.sg/belvea-lubricant-gel-water-based-113g?manufacturer_id=8", "date": "2021-04-19T08:43:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038879305.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20210419080654-20210419110654-00221.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8868225812911987, "token_count": 139, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__198060052", "lang": "en", "text": "BELVEA LUBRICANT GEL (WATER BASED), 113g\nBELVEA Lubricant Gel is ideal for use as lubricant for body orifice, prior to insertion of medical devices, such as vaginal speculum, probes, enemas, thermometers.\n- Commonly used for rectal examination and during sexual intercourse.\n- Non-sterile, greaseless, water-soluble, spermicide-free and hormone-free.\n- Fully synthetic ingredients and contains NO animal and plant origin products.\nDirection of Use\n- Open cap. Squeeze to obtain the desired amount of lubricant and apply as needed", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://lwn.net/Articles/193144/", "date": "2013-05-19T09:54:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9535179734230042, "token_count": 273, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__31137578", "lang": "en", "text": "Posted Jul 27, 2006 19:28 UTC (Thu) by ncm\nIn reply to: Ubuntu Linux 6.06 review (Jem Report)\nParent article: Ubuntu Linux 6.06 review (Jem Report)\nPlanetary temperature fluctuations aren't a crippling problem if they take thousands of years to manifest, but what we see happening now is way, way too fast for most species, including our own, to adapt to. Biologists estimate a loss of 30% of species by 2050. Mass extinctions have happened many times in the past. They also are not a crippling problem, except to the species that go extinct, or to the species that depend on them. Of course we do depend on a great many species, e.g. to eat, to pollinate crops, and to build houses from. Even in the worst case, humanity probably won't go extinct, but a 90% (or 99%) population reduction would be hard, particularly on those most dependent on the rest; e.g. you and me.\nIt's nice to pretend the Earth is too big for people to affect, but the facts are that (1) the CO2 level is much higher than a century ago, and (2) we are clearly the source, and (3) big changes obviously affect the climate.\nto post comments)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.theandrewgreen.com/articles/2016/12/1/at-last-an-hiv-prevention-tool-women-can-control", "date": "2019-10-15T11:35:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986658566.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20191015104838-20191015132338-00161.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9457147121429443, "token_count": 175, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__36522085", "lang": "en", "text": "There is a need “for self-initiated products that women, especially young women, can and will use consistently. Women need practical and discreet tools that they can use to protect themselves from HIV infection,” said Dr. Flavia Matovu, an epidemiologist and investigator with the Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, based in Uganda.\nNow, researchers including Matovu hope they may have an option in the vaginal ring, a flexible piece of silicon laced with an antiretroviral medication. Women insert it near their cervix, where it can safely remain for about a month, slowing releasing the drug at the site of a potential infection. The method is being tested in two crucial “open label” extension studies, wherein all willing participants will receive the medicated ring, rather than a placebo.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://iyi.org/resources/research-unique-long-term-effects-of-nicotine-on-adolescent-brain/", "date": "2024-04-22T07:42:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818081.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422051258-20240422081258-00605.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9153454303741455, "token_count": 270, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__158718887", "lang": "en", "text": "Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain\nAdolescence is a time of major plasticity of brain systems that regulate motivated behavior and cognition, and is also the age of peak onset of nicotine use. Although there has been a decline in teen use of cigarettes in recent years, there has been a huge increase in nicotine vaping. It is therefore critically important to understand the impact of nicotine on this critical phase of brain development. Animal studies have shown that nicotine has unique effects on adolescent brain. The goal of this review is therefore to systematically evaluate age- and sex-differences in the effects of nicotine on brain and behavior. Both acute and chronic effects of nicotine on brain biochemistry and behavior, particularly drug reward, aversion, cognition and emotion, are evaluated. Gaps in our current knowledge that need to be addressed are also highlighted. This review compares and integrates human and animals findings. Although there can be no experimental studies in humans to confirm similar behavioral effects of teen nicotine exposure, an emerging observational literature suggests similarities across species. Given the substantial evidence for long-term negative impact of adolescent nicotine exposure on brain and behavior, further longitudinal assessment of health outcomes in teen and young adult e-cigarette users is warranted.\nSource: National Institute of Health (2021). Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://unca-urcap.org/ugr_journal.php?publication_id=20&forum_id=2", "date": "2024-04-13T12:10:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816734.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413114018-20240413144018-00690.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.915516197681427, "token_count": 455, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__92598584", "lang": "en", "text": "Soil Arthropod Biodiversity: An Investigation in Eastern Hemlocks Following Chemical Treatment\nJulia Thomas, firstname.lastname@example.org\nOffice of Sustainability & McCullough Institute\nAbstract / Summary:\nThe hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) (HWA) is an invasive species that poses a significant threat to eastern hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis) and is the main contributor to the declining eastern hemlock populations. The HWA infestations have prompted the use of chemical neonicotinoid pesticide treatments across the eastern US. Previous research has demonstrated that the environmental consequences of these chemicals are a concern for many surrounding animal populations such as birds and invertebrates. This study investigated the impact of dinotefuran and imidacloprid (neonicotinoids) treatments on soil arthropod communities in Sandy Mush Game Land (SMGL), Western North Carolina. For this experiment, we examine the impacts of different combinations of the type of chemical control (imidacloprid, dinotefuran and imidacloprid), and time after application (no treatment, 5 years, and less than a year). Leaf litter samples were collected from five different plots, processed in the laboratory using Berlese Funnels, and observed organisms were classified by order. Based on the results, no significant differences in arthropod biodiversity were observed between plots in this experiment. Differences in abundance varied across groups and could suggest both direct and indirect implications of neonicotinoid use immediately after treatment. These findings suggest that the use of neonicotinoids does not have long term implications for arthropod diversity and abundance and that chemical treatment should proceed to avoid ecological implications of the loss of hemlock stands. Further research should take place with a more extensive experimental area and period of time to continue to investigate direct and indirect impacts of neonicotinoids on the soil organism biodiversity.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ryanstreecare.com/buckthorn-removal-treatment", "date": "2019-09-15T10:17:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514571027.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20190915093509-20190915115509-00376.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9436787366867065, "token_count": 222, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__102353661", "lang": "en", "text": "Buckthorn Removal & Treatment\nBuckthorn varieties have aggressively invaded our woodlands and wetlands. As they mature into tall shrubs and small trees, they cast dense shade preventing the establishment of native plants. Once established, buckthorn has the potential to spread very aggressively due to the production of large numbers of berries, each containing 3 to 4 seeds. In addition, the seeds can remain in the soil for up to 6 years before germinating. Removal of these plants is an important first step in controlling buckthorn in our landscapes and woodlands.\nRemove all mature buckthorns from site. Treat all cut stumps larger than 1/4 inch in diameter with approved herbicide to prevent resprouting. Perform work June through February. Eliminate all seedlings by pulling, weed whipping, or foliar spraying with approved herbicide (spray from mid October through early November). Replant area with native plant material.\nEliminate all seedlings by pulling, weed whipping, or foliar spraying with approved herbicide (spray from mid October through early November).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://archerhezun.qowap.com/61131187/10-things-most-people-don-t-know-about-sapien-medicine-workout", "date": "2021-09-21T10:55:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057202.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20210921101319-20210921131319-00410.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9511011838912964, "token_count": 2325, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__194175813", "lang": "en", "text": "We know muscles grow through a procedure called, \"hypertrophy.\" However there's also this fancy sounding process called, \"hyperplasia,\" that is surrounded by a twister of debate. This is one of the topics we get a lots of concerns on so it's worth taking the time to commit a complete short article to it and clear up any staying confusion.\nHypertrophy Vs Hyperplasia and the Sapien Medicine workout\nThe first thing to comprehend is the distinction between hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and the concept of skeletal muscle hyperplasia vs. other kinds of hyperplasia in the body. Hypertrophy is just the increase in size of a muscle fiber-- this can be attained through increasing the size of the contractile proteins or increasing the fluid and enzyme content of the muscle cell (4,15). On the other hand, hyperplasia is the increase in the variety of muscle fibers (4,15). Increasing the variety of muscle fibers will increase the total cross sectional area of a muscle likewise to increasing the size of person fibers. On the outside, hypertrophy and hyperplasia would look extremely similar from a looks viewpoint.\n- Whether hyperplasia is just a natural \"present\" for the elite or otherwise awaits exploration, but also for now, let's review why hyperplasia may occur.\n- Finally, we for the very first time discovered that chemerin induced aortic smooth muscular tissue cells expansion and carotid intimal hyperplasia using activation of MAPK signaling, which might result in vascular swelling as well as renovation.\n- The anabolic stimulus seems associated with the amount of resistance made use of in a lift as well as the associated neural activation in both males and females (Campos et al. 2002; Schuenke et al. 2013).\n- Skeletal muscle hyperplasia has no organization with growths, so keep that in mind if you do any kind of further study on the subject and find disconcerting findings connected to lump growth.\n- This hypoplasia takes place concomitantly with a decrease in ERK immunoreactivity degrees as well as lowers in MyoD as well as myogenin expression.\n- Muscle degeneration is the reduction in muscle toughness due to a decline in muscular tissue mass, or the amount of muscular tissue fibers.\nHyperplasia can also take place in other tissues of the body. This is where hyperplasia can get rather of a bad rep as unchecked cellular proliferation is typically connected with tumor growth (11 ). Skeletal muscle hyperplasia has no association with growths, so keep that in mind if you do any further research study on the topic and stumble upon worrying findings related to tumor development.\nIs Muscle Hyperplasia a Myth?In short, no; skeletal muscle hyperplasia is not a myth. Some think that it does not happen in human beings considering that we don't truly have solid evidence of it occurring throughout a controlled resistance training procedure. Human evidence is definitely lacking, however we have myriad evidence of hyperplasia taking place in birdsmice, cats, and even fish.\nKnockdown Of Chemerin Decreased Healthy Proteins Associated With Mapk Sapien Medicine muscle\nThe procedures through which these cases of hyperplasia occurred likewise greatly vary which makes hyperplasia a lot more of a fascinating topic. Numerous bird research studies that displayed hyperplasia included hanging weights from the wings of birds for unbelievably long times (2,3). This does not really represent a typical human training protocol, however conversely, felines performing their own sort of kitty resistance training likewise exhibited hyperplasia (10 ). No, the felines were not bench pressing or crouching, but their procedure included similar muscle activation series to what a typical human training session would appear like. The mice we discussed earlier knowledgeable hyperplasia after scientists had the ability to decrease their levels of myostatin (20 ), which is a protein related to limiting muscle development. And the fish we referred to merely underwent hyperplasia while growing throughout adolescence.It's clear that hyperplasia can occur through various methods, however still the concern remains: does it take place in people? Let's go over.\nWhat Makes Muscles Expand? Myostatin Related Muscle Hypertrophy\nProof of Hyperplasia in HumansIt goes without saying here, that the proof for hyperplasia in humans is definitely lacking. We'll enter into why that is here in a second, but for now, let's discuss what we have seen throughout the past couple of decades. research studies have compared high level bodybuilders to sedentary or recreationally active people to identify if hyperplasia contributes in extreme muscle development. And we do see proof that these bodybuilders include substantially more muscle fibers than their sedentary equivalents (8,16,18). The problem we have with this evaluation is that we can not state for certain whether or not the bodybuilding training stimulus was the main reason for the increased variety of muscle fibers. It certainly stands to reason that a high level bodybuilder would have a hereditary propensity for developing muscle, and among these genetic \"cheat codes\" might simply be a higher standard level of muscle fibers.\nWe do see one study in which a \"training\" stimulus might have represented an increase in fiber numbers. This specific study analyzed the left and ideal tibialis anterior (front of the shin) muscle in young men. It was discovered that the non-dominant side tibialis anterior consistently displayed a higher cross-sectional area than the dominant side, but single muscle fiber size in between the two muscles was similar. For that reason, the very best explanation for this distinction in total size would have been through increased fiber number. The authors propose that the non-dominant tibialis anterior received a greater daily workload than the dominant side for a couple of different reasons, however this is one scenario in which a \"stimulus\" could have conjured up an increase in muscle fiber number (21 ).\nExactly How To Create Hyperplasia Muscle Hyperplasia\nSo we do have a little evidence for hyperplasia happening in human beings. Whether hyperplasia is simply a natural \"gift\" for the elite or not waits for discovery, but for now, let's discuss why hyperplasia might occur.How Does Hyperplasia Occur?\nBefore comprehending how hyperplasia might happen, it deserves discussing how we can measure it. I make certain you're imagining some elegant trousers computer evaluating a muscle biopsy and spitting out numbers. However no, it's not that cool. If you scroll through the referrals, you'll see that a lot of these examinations were happening in the late 1970s through the 1990s. More than likely, a young graduate student had to do the unclean job of literally counting muscle fibers by hand to make their place in the lab. Fancy computer systems didn't assist much then, so grad students took the impact of this duty.\nSo it's easy to see, then, that simple counting mistakes can represent small differences in pre- and post-training here fiber numbers. This likewise represents a concern when considering a specific kind of muscle hypertrophy called longitudinal hypertrophy. We understand from earlier that a muscle fiber can grow by increasing the size of its contractile proteins or intracellular space, but a muscle fiber can likewise grow length-wise by including more contractile units in series. These new contractile systems can be hard to differentiate from old and/or possible new muscle fibers which represents a hard scenario when trying to count muscle fibers by hand (22 ).\nSo now that that's out of the method, let's go over why hyperplasia might occur. It deserves an evaluation of the Muscle Memory article (here), but we understand that a person of the ways a muscle fiber can experience hypertrophy is through satellite cell activation. This process is potentially needed due to the Nuclear Domain Theory. The Nuclear Domain Theory mentions that a cell nucleus can only control a restricted part of the cell area (7 ). Therefore, for a muscle fiber to grow, it would need to include extra nuclei to maintain the nuclear domain of each nucleus. Hard training can indicate satellite cells to contribute their nuclei to the muscle cell to make this procedure possible (12 ).\nNow, what would happen if you can no longer continue adding nuclei to a muscle to enable it to grow? It's not particular whether satellite cells end up being downregulated or if there's a biological limit to the amount of nuclei a muscle cell can contain, but there might eventually be a circumstance in which myonuclear addition can no longer occur to drive growth. What occurs if you get to this theoretical development limitation but keep training and stimulating the muscle to grow? The fiber has to divide and form 2 brand-new fibers (9) to restart the hypertrophy process. This theory provoked a somewhat \"chicken and the egg\" argument among scientists-- does hypertrophy have to occur before hyperplasia or can they occur simultaneously?\nCurrent Posts Strongest myostatin inhibitor\nNumerous researchers have linked satellite cell activation and muscle hyperplasia due to this theory (1,5,9). It's worth understanding, nevertheless, that the theoretical time course of the above paragraph would take years of tough training to finally cause fiber splitting. As far as we know, myonuclear addition and muscle hypertrophy doesn't have actually a specified limitation as to when the muscle has to split to continue supporting the need for development. I question this circumstances will ever be displayed in a study as no study will last that long or induce a difficult sufficient training stimulus to really trigger this to take place.\nA couple of longitudinal studies have analyzed fiber number as a specific variable following a training procedure, however none have actually actually discovered a direct increase in muscle fiber number (6,19). These findings provoked one review to claim that the evidence of hyperplasia happening in people is, \"limited,\" (6) and another to state that, if hyperplasia does take place, it probably only accounts for about 5% of the increase in overall muscle size we see in training procedures (15 ). That last declaration definitely appears to prove out as some studies showing an increase in muscle cross sectional area are not always able to discuss this difference through boosts in single fiber size alone (8,19)-- little boosts in fiber number can definitely add to gains, however most likely do not play a major role and don't present as statistically different than their baseline levels-- especially in studies only lasting a few months.\nHow to Cause Hyperplasia\nNow, we need to talk about the unavoidable concern that many individuals will have: how can I cause hyperplasia in my own training? According to the above area, you're going to need to train for a really long time for hyperplasia to occur. Any type of significant gains will take a long time, so don't ever discount the significance of training longevity when considering gains.\nNow, when considering prospective severe training techniques for inducing hyperplasia, it's easy to see that the greatest boosts in muscle fiber number in animal research studies was produced by severe mechanical overload at long muscle lengths (14 ). You can presume this for your own training by including techniques such as weighted extending, Intraset extending, and even stretch-pause reps.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://vosscasey16.drupalo.org/post/real-alcohol-allergies-are-rare", "date": "2018-12-16T21:39:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376827998.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20181216213120-20181216235120-00145.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9146827459335327, "token_count": 863, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__80778862", "lang": "en", "text": "Real Alcohol Allergies Are Rare\nGenuine alcohol allergies are infrequent nevertheless the reactions can be extreme. The things most people assume to be alcohol allergy is really a reaction to an allergen in the alcohol. Commonplace allergens in alcohol include:\nhistamines (commonly found in red wine).\nsulfites (typically found in white wines).\nPeople frequently call alcohol intolerance an alcohol allergy– and the other way around. People who have a real alcohol allergy ought to avoid alcohol consumption.\nWhat Makes Someone Allergic to Alcohol?\nResearch into alcohol allergies is restricted. It has primarily concentrated on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). ALDH2 is the enzyme that digests alcohol, converting it into acetic acid or vinegar in the liver. Someone who has a vinegar allergy might have a severe response after consuming alcohol. Research shows that a gene modification called a polymorphism, more prevalent in people of Asian ancestry, inactivates the enzyme ALDH2. Then it is not possible to transform alcohol into vinegar. This condition may be described as an ALDH2 deficit.\nAlcohol can also trigger allergies or aggravate existing allergies. A Danish research study found that for each extra alcoholic drink ingested in a week, the danger of in season allergy symptoms went up 3 percent. addiction think that germs and yeast in the alcohol produce histamines. These caused manifestations such as scratchy eyes and stuffy nose.\nPersons who think they’ve experienced a reaction to alcohol should see an allergy specialist.\nEven a little bit of alcohol can induce symptoms in persons with genuine alcohol allergies. The symptoms might consist of abdominal region pains, a labored respiratory system, and even a respiratory system collapse.\nResponses to different ingredients in mixed drinks will induce different manifestations. :.\nsomeone who has an allergy to sulfites may experience hives or anaphylaxis.\nsomebody who is allergic to histamines might endure nasal inflamation and congestion.\nalcohol high in sulfates may intensify asthmatic signs in individuals with asthma.\nalcohol may amplify the response to food item allergies.\nOther symptoms associated with the components discovered in alcoholic beverages may include:.\nnasal congestion consisting of runny or stuffy nose\na feeling of sickness\nrapid heart beat.\nRashes and a flushed face or skin.\nbreathalyzer may experience face reddening (flushing) when they consume alcohol. This alcohol flush reaction is more common in those of Asian descent, due to polymorphism. Facial flushing is not an allergy, just a side effect of alcohol intake in some people.\nAccording to a 2010 scientific investigation released in BMC Evolutionary Biology, the gene change responsible for the polymorphism is related to the domestication of rice in southern China a number of hundred years ago. Individuals with the changed gene have reduced possibility for alcoholism than others, mainly due to the uncomfortable response that happens after consuming alcohol.\nEven though reddening of the face might manifest in individuals with an ALDH2 deficiency, some other people develop red, warm, blotchy skin after drinking an alcoholic beverage. This sign is commonly related to sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide is commonly employed to process and help protect alcohol. breathalizer might set off responses to allergens such as wheat or sulfites. Histamines and the tannins found in wine might even induce rashes in some people.\nThe only method to eliminate manifestations of an alcohol allergy is to refrain from alcohol. Persons who’ve had a severe allergic response to certain foods should use a medical alert pendant and ask their physician if they require to bring an emergency epinephrine (adrenaline) auto-injector like an EpiPen in case of an extreme allergic reaction.\nWhat most individuals believe to be alcohol allergy is in fact a response to an irritant in the alcohol. Someone who has a vinegar allergy might have an extreme reaction after drinking alcohol. Alcohol can even set off allergic reactions or irritate existing allergies. Facial reddening is not an allergic response, it is simply a side effect of alcohol intake in some individuals.\nThe only way to avoid symptoms of an alcohol allergy is to refrain from alcohol.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://timberviewpet.com/monthly-pet-topics", "date": "2019-04-26T12:24:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578770163.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20190426113513-20190426135145-00012.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9212572574615479, "token_count": 333, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__20574630", "lang": "en", "text": "Did you know April is National Heartworm Awareness Month?\nHeartworm disease is a serious and potentially fatal disease in pets in the United States and many other parts of the world. It is caused by foot-long worms (heartworms) that live in the heart, lungs and associated blood vessels of affected pets, causing severe lung disease, heart failure and damage to other organs in the body. Heartworm disease affects dogs, cats and ferrets, but heartworms also live in other mammal species, including wolves, coyotes, foxes, sea lions and—in rare instances—humans. Because wild species such as foxes and coyotes live in proximity to many urban areas, they are considered important carriers of the disease.\n12 months of Sentinel Spectrum for a 50-100 pound dog= $166.96\nHeartworm Treatment for a 53 pound dog= $670 + monthly heartworm prevention\nThere is no treatment for cats currently.\nApril is also:\nPrevention of Cruelty to Animals Month\nPet First Aid Awareness Month\nOther fun April Holidays\n• April 1st through 7th: International Pooper Scooper Week\n• April 2nd: National Ferret Day\n• April 4th: World Rat Day\n• April 7th through 13th: National Dog Bite Prevention Week\n• April 10th: National Hug Your Dog Day; ASPCA Day\n• April 11th: National Pet Day\n• April 22nd: Earth Day\n• April 23rd: National Lost Dog Awareness Day\n• April 28th: National Pet Parent’s Day\n• April 30th: National Adopt a Shelter Pet Day", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.rapidsupplyservices.com/copy-of-face-masks", "date": "2024-02-29T00:58:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474775.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229003536-20240229033536-00523.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.864656925201416, "token_count": 106, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__40958894", "lang": "en", "text": "Covid 19 Rapid Test Kit\nThe Test COVID-19 IgM/IgG Rapid Test (15 min) is an in vitro diagnostic test for the qualitative determination of COVID-19's IgM and IgG antibodies in human whole blood, serum, plasma and fingertip blood. The test kit consists of test devices and buffer. It is for in vitro diagnostic use only and can be used in point- of care testing settings and central laboratories. The test kit is based on immunoassay technology.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.evanhospital.com/calendar/Main/Blood%20Pressure/Milton%20YMCA", "date": "2014-12-19T22:42:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-52/segments/1418802768980.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20141217075248-00082-ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.952167809009552, "token_count": 181, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-52", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-52__0__191855633", "lang": "en", "text": "Blood pressure is the pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries resulting from two forces. One is created by the heart as it pumps blood into the arteries and through the circulatory system. The other is the force of the arteries as they resist the blood flow.\nAccording to the American Heart Association, Blood pressure below 120 over 80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury) is considered optimal for adults. A systolic pressure of 120 to 139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure of 80 to 89 mmHg is considered “pre-hypertension” and needs to be watched carefully. A blood pressure reading of 140 over 90 or higher is considered high.\nAdditional blood pressure screens are held at Community Health and Wellness on Mondays from 9 am to noon; Wednesdays from noon to 4 pm; Fridays 9 am to noon and 1 to 3 pm.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.preemiecare.org/lungs.html", "date": "2017-03-27T12:35:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218189472.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212949-00075-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.970686137676239, "token_count": 243, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__233278985", "lang": "en", "text": "\"When children are born prematurely (before 36 weeks of gestation), their organs are not as prepared as those of full term children to handle functioning in the outside world. As a result, the most important bodily functions become circulation, breathing air effectively and efficiently, and carrying oxygen to the organs.\nPremature birth interrupts the final stages of normal lung development. If lungs were to be represented as an upside-down tree, the lungs of a full-term baby would be fully branched with many leaves. The lungs of a premature baby would look like a simple tree or sapling and would be very rudimentary, with only a few branches and leaves. Since the body counts on those branches to breathe, a simple tree cannot function as well as a fully developed tree.\nThe illustration graphically shows how the lungs of a premature baby differ from a full-term infant and why a disease such as Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) can be so serious. A premature baby’s lungs are underdeveloped and cannot fight an infection such as RSV as well as a full-term baby’s can.”\n– Alan Cohen, MD, FAAP, FCCP", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.morgensterncenter.com/eyelid-reconstruction-surgery", "date": "2019-04-20T04:30:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578528523.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20190420040932-20190420062932-00229.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9165962934494019, "token_count": 731, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__61449958", "lang": "en", "text": "Your eyelids are important to the protection, health and function of your eyes. If you have eyelid damage following an injury, skin cancer, or previous surgery, then our experienced oculo-facial surgeons can determine whether you are a good candidate for our Philadelphia and Wayne, PA eyelid reconstruction procedure, one of the many reconstructive facial surgeries at our practice. To schedule a consultation with one of our oculoplastic surgeons, please call Morgenstern Center for Orbital and Facial Plastic Surgery at (610) 687.8771.\nEyelid Trauma and Injury\nThe eyelids are a very important part of your anatomy. This thin, delicate skin protects your eyes from sunlight, injury and the elements. The tear drains are important for lubricating your eyes by spreading tears across the cornea. The eyelid is a moving, functional body part, opening and closing when needed.\nEyelid reconstruction may be beneficial following:\n- Injury or physical trauma\n- Defect after skin cancer surgery\n- Defect after removal of growth\n- Complication from a previous eyelid surgery\nThe eyelid skin is quite thin and there is very little fat. For this reason, it can be torn or injured easily if you have been involved in an accident or trauma. Such an injury may require reconstruction of the eyelid skin or tear drains depending on the extent of damage.\nEyelid reconstruction is often necessary after surgery to remove a tumor or growth from the eyelid area. If the cancer surgery leaves of significant divot – or a hole where tissue was removed – then reconstruction surgery can restore the tissue lost in this area. This surgery is important for both facial appearance and the proper function of the eyelid.\nHow the Eyelids can be Reconstructed\nReconstructive eyelid surgery depends on what exactly the nature of the defect is and how it needs to be repaired. The most simple eyelid injuries can sometimes be repaired with stitches, but more serious injuries and defects may require skin grafting, possibly taken from an area nearby the eyelid, or a flap of skin and muscle can be taken from elsewhere on your body.\nThis type of procedure is delicate, complex and vitally important. Our oculo-facial surgeons are highly specialized in surgeries of the face and eyes, and know how to repair eyelid damage while taking into account the tear ducts, eye appearance, function and other factors.\nEnucleation and Evisceration\nAn eye injury or tumor may also require \"enucleation\" or \"evisceration\":\n- Enucleation: removal of the entire eye\n- Evisceration: Removal of the contents of the eye\nWhile enucleation removes the entire eyeball, evisceration leaves the muscles of the eye and the white portion of the eye intact.\nOne of these procedures may be necessary to manage pain caused by a blind eye, to treat a tumor or an infection, or to improve the appearance of a disfigured eye. If a tumor is present, enucleation is often the best course of action. For the other eye problems, removal or evisceration may be an option. Our experienced oculo-facial surgeons will determine the most appropriate treatment.\nIf you have suffered an eyelid injury or have a defect from tumor removal surgery, please call Morgenstern Center for Orbital and Facial Plastic Surgery, at (610) 687.8771, to learn about your eyelid reconstruction options near and beyond the greater Main Line Philadelphia area.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://carlislemedical.ca/ultrasound/", "date": "2024-02-21T04:45:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473370.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221034447-20240221064447-00203.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9544845819473267, "token_count": 111, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__54165240", "lang": "en", "text": "An ultrasound test is a diagnostic technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of the organs and structures of the body. The test can be used for many purposes including obtaining views of a developing fetus, the heart, abdominal organs and blood vessels.\nUltrasounds are performed by a Registered Sonographer, and the results are read by a radiologist specially trained in interpreting ultrasound images.\nPlease bring the referral requisition given to you by your doctor, as well as any documentation they may have provided. Please bring your Provincial Health Card.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.c21sandcounty.com/blog/the-loons-return-to-northwestern-wisconsin/", "date": "2024-03-01T07:02:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475203.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301062009-20240301092009-00713.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9695068001747131, "token_count": 381, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__143639680", "lang": "en", "text": "It won’t be long and we’ll be hearing the yodel, hoot, wail and tremelo sounds of our native Common Loons! After a winter, where they experience a complete molt of their feathers, they usually return from the South in mid-April to early May.\nWisconsin has a summer population of over 4000 breeding loons. They are the darlings of the lake that they inhabit and are greeted with joy when they return. As much as we swoon over the fact that they “mate for life” and return to the same area together each year. Much of their lives is spent alone. They migrate in the Fall alone. They winter alone and they come back alone. (I’d go it alone too if I lost all my feathers.) The male loon usually returns first and waits for the female. After only a few days of calling and swimming side-by-side, they are back in synch, ready to build their nest.\nThey spend most of their lives in the water because their bodies aren’t built for land dwelling. But they will typically lay two eggs in a nest on high ground and then teach their babies to swim through the course of the summer. The chicks ride on their backs for only about the first 10 days. After that, the parents swarm and coddle them as they grow and become stronger swimmers.\nThe immature loons will migrate South for their first autumn, but don’t make the return flight for about 3 years. Once they do return, they will choose a place within 30 miles of their birthplace. With a typical lifespan of about 25 years, they have a pretty reliable flight pattern. From sun country to God’s country – nature is the original “get-it-right” operation! ~ Wanda Boldon", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://doriswanglab.ucsf.edu/people/doris-wang", "date": "2021-09-23T20:06:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057447.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20210923195546-20210923225546-00190.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7369110584259033, "token_count": 355, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__171848141", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Doris Wang is a neurosurgeon in the Department of Neurological Surgery at UCSF with a clinical and research focus in treating movement disorders using neuromodulation and ablative procedures. Her research goal is to understand neural network physiology involved with human motor control in movement disorders and using novel neuromodulation tools to study and treat brain diseases and injuries.\n2000 – 2004: B.S., Yale University\n2004 – 2011: M.D., PhD; UCSF\n2011 – 2017: Neurosurgery Resident; UCSF\n2017 – 2018: Clinical Fellow in Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery; UCSF\n2018 – Present: Assistant Professor, Neurological Surgery, UCSF\n2018: American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery Resident Poster Award\n2017: 2017 Journal of Neurosurgery Editor’s Choice Article\n2017: American Association of Neurological Surgeons Journal of Neuro-oncology Award\n2016: UCSF Department of Neurological Surgery Best Translational Research Presentation\n2015: Congress of Neurological Surgeons Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery Resident Award\n2014: UCSF Department of Neurological Surgery Best Clinical Presentation\nPallidal deep brain stimulation disrupts pallidal beta oscillations and coherence with primary motor cortex in Parkinson’s disease\nWang DD, de Hemptinne C, Miocinovic S, Ostrem JL, Galifianakis NB, San Luciano M, Starr PA.\nJ Neurosci. 2018 May 9; 38(19):4556-4568. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0431-18.2018. Epub 2018 Apr 16.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.rnoh.nhs.uk/home/news/local-community-and-wildlife-benefit-rnoh-redevelopment-proposals", "date": "2019-10-22T22:13:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570987824701.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20191022205851-20191022233351-00503.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9459695219993591, "token_count": 310, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__38541162", "lang": "en", "text": "Local community and wildlife to benefit from RNOH redevelopment proposals\nNew areas of woodland and open space and enhancements to habitats for birds, mammals and reptiles will be key features of the RNOH's redevelopment.\nThe redevelopment will see the site transformed to create a more environmentally sustainable landscape, including improved access to high quality open spaces and a multi-story car park which will end the current ad hoc and haphazard car parking arrangements.\nRNOH Chief Executive Rob Hurd said: “Our team has worked closely with independent experts throughout the planning application process to ensure plans are in place that safeguard and enhance habitats for wildlife and build on our unique natural setting for the benefit of patients and the public in future. We have worked closely with the London Borough of Harrow’s planning advisors throughout the process and we are grateful for their advice.”\nThe RNOH has marked out routes for new footpaths and cycle ways through the grass and woodland and there will also be new facilities for children in a revitalised natural environment.\nPrecautions are in place to safeguard and enhance habitats for wildlife during the construction phase. Habitat creation and expansion will bring benefits to bats, badgers, birds, amphibians, reptiles, Southern wood ants and will also allow for a greater diversity of species. New roosting opportunities will be provided for bats and habitats for the Southern wood ant will be protected during construction; the Southern wood ant population will increase as a result of the redevelopment.\nBuilding work is expected to begin later this year.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://info.legalzoom.com/patent-law-biology-26806.html", "date": "2017-09-20T12:47:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818687281.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20170920123428-20170920143428-00144.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9513212442398071, "token_count": 285, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__27814447", "lang": "en", "text": "Whether it's a patented medical device, drug, plant, or gene product, it is likely that the resulting patent involved the biological sciences. Biologists meet with patent attorneys just as engineers do. The patentability of their innovations is balanced against the legal prohibition on patenting human organisms. The tension between this restriction and biological innovation is one of the hottest areas in intellectual property.\nPlants and Bacteria\nFederal law first allowed inventors to patent plants in 1930, when Congress enacted the Plant Patent Act. Under this law, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office can grant a plant patent to inventors who can asexually -- from a single parent -- reproduce a plant that they invented or discovered. Other patentable biological products include genetically modified organisms, such as bacteria that consume spilled oil.\nPatent Issues With Genes\nBiologists and patent attorneys alike were interested in the 2013 case, Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc. In this case, the U.S. Supreme Court held Myriad could not patent the BRAC1 and BRAC2 genes, which are associated with breast cancer, because they did not actually invent them. But the court also ruled that a synthetic complementary DNA sequence that contained only those portions of the gene coding for proteins was patentable. This important ruling allows scientists to develop cures that will be protected by the law without patenting life itself.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.footmed.com.au/conditions-we-treat/foot-pain/", "date": "2018-10-18T06:20:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583511703.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20181018042951-20181018064451-00016.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9392538070678711, "token_count": 754, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__165600693", "lang": "en", "text": "Footmed Foot and Ankle Clinic is Adelaide, Elizabeth Vale and Murray Bridge’s experienced team of podiatrists. We help to identify heel pain causes while providing effective and lasting heel pain treatment.\nMorton’s neuroma is a pathological condition of the common digital nerve, most frequently between the third and fourth metatarsals (third intermetatarsal space). The nerve sheath becomes abnormally thickened with fibrous (scar) tissue. A diagnostic ultrasound may be ordered to confirm this.\n- Pain most commonly in the ball of the foot and affecting one or two of the lesser toes (usually the third and fourth).\n- Pain can sometimes radiate to the top of the foot\n- The pain may can be intermittent in nature – it may disappear as quickly as it came\n- Pain is often sharp, burning, or cramping in nature\n- Pain may radiate into the tips of the toes or up the foot/ leg\n- Aggravated by tight shoes and prolonged weight-bearing\n- Removing the shoe often relieved the pain\nMorton’s neuroma pain causes\nThe exact cause is not yet fully understood. A neuroma most often affects women over 50 years of age and aggravated by tight or high-heeled shoes. Faulty foot mechanics is thought to play a role.\nThe condition seems to occur in response to irritation, pressure or injury to one of the nerves that lead to your toes. The neuroma is part of your body’s response to the irritation or injury. In some cases, Morton’s neuroma may result from abnormal movement of your foot, caused by bunions, hammertoes, flatfeet or excessive flexibility.\nPads, rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medication can help improve comfort. Wide shoes with foot orthoses and cortisone injections may resolve the pain in some people. If the neuroma is small in size a course of 5-6 injections of local anesthetic around the neuroma can be helpful. No long-term studies are available. However, surgery is recommended if treatment is ineffective and problems interfere with quality of life.\nThe operation involves removing the enlarged nerve by a cut made on the top of the foot. The deep transverse metatarsal ligament suspected of causing some of the constriction above the nerve is released. The thickened nerve is then isolated from the surrounding tissue and cut where the nerve trunk appears normal again. An inflamed intermetatarsal bursa is often present and this is also removed. The specimen is sent for a pathology examination.\nThis operation (neurectomy) by a dorsal approach has shown good to excellent patient satisfaction rates (78-84%) in two good studies.. The Coughlin and Pinsonneault study is a long term follow up after 11 years.\n- Infection (smoking increases by 16X)\n- Stump neuroma can occur when little sproutlets of nerve from the cut end of the nerve starts to grow again. These sproutlets can grow into a ball that hurts like (or more than) the original neuroma and this requires further surgery to rectify.\n- Wound problems (slow to heal)\n- Scar sensitivity\n- Nerve Injury (nerves can be bruised which resolves but you can be left with permanent numbness)\n- CRPS = Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Rare <1%)\n- Deep vein thrombosis (clot in deep vein in the legs)\nThe underneath of the foot can remain tender for about 3-4 months after surgery. This is likely to resolve on its own without treatment. An orthotic will also help.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://genometools.org/index.html", "date": "2023-12-10T20:21:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679102637.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210190744-20231210220744-00888.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6596515774726868, "token_count": 1175, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__244402504", "lang": "en", "text": "The versatile open source genome analysis software\nThe GenomeTools genome analysis system is a free collection of bioinformatics tools (in the realm of genome informatics) combined into a single binary named gt. It is based on a C library named “libgenometools” which consists of several modules.\nIf you are interested in gene prediction, have a look at GenomeThreader.\nGenomeTools: a comprehensive software library for efficient processing of structured genome annotations.\nIEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2013, 10(3):645–656\nPublished software in GenomeTools\nThe GenomeTools distribution includes several published software tools:\n- LTRharvest, an efficient and flexible software tool for\nde novo detection of LTR retrotransposons.\nD. Ellinghaus, S. Kurtz, and U. Willhoeft.\nLTRharvest, a efficient and flexible software for de novo detection of LTR retrotransposons.\nBMC Bioinformatics 2008, 9:18\n- Tallymer, a collection of flexible and memory-efficient\nprograms for k-mer counting and indexing of large sequence sets.\nS. Kurtz, A. Narechania, J.C. Stein, and D. Ware.\nA new method to compute K-mer frequencies and its application to annotate large repetitive plant genomes.\nBMC Genomics 2008, 9:517\n- uniquesub, a program for computing minimum unique substrings.\nS. Gräf, F.G.G. Nielsen, S. Kurtz, M.A. Huynen, E. Birney, H. Stunnenberg, and P. Flicek.\nOptimized design and assessment of whole genome tiling arrays.\nBioinformatics 2007, 23(13):i195–i204\n- AnnotationSketch, a library for drawing genome annotations.\nS. Steinbiss, G. Gremme, C. Schärfer, M. Mader and S. Kurtz.\nAnnotationSketch: a genome annotation drawing library.\nBioinformatics 2009, 25(4):533–534\n- LTRdigest, a software tool for automated annotation of internal features of LTR retrotransposons.\nS. Steinbiss, U. Willhoeft, G. Gremme and S. Kurtz.\nFine-grained annotation and classification of de novo predicted LTR retrotransposons.\nNucleic Acids Research 2009, 37(21):7002–7013\n- MetaGenomeThreader, a software to predict genes, such as PCS's (predicted coding sequences) in sequences of metagenome projects.\nD.J. Schmitz-Hübsch and S. Kurtz.\nMetaGenomeThreader: A software tool for predicting genes in DNA-sequences of metagenome projects.\nIn R. Daniel and W. Streit (Eds.), Metagenomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, 325–338, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, ISBN 978-1-60761-822-5\n- GtEncseq, a compressed biosequence representation with many features.\nS. Steinbiss and S. Kurtz.\nA New Efficient Data Structure for Storage and Retrieval of Multiple Biosequences.\nIEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2012, 9(2):345–357\n- Readjoiner, a sequence assembler based on the assembly string graph framework.\nG. Gonnella and S. Kurtz.\nReadjoiner: a fast and memory efficient string graph-based sequence assembler.\nBMC Bioinformatics 2012, 13:82\nThe following software tools are based on the GenomeTools library:\na software tool to compute eukaryote gene structure predictions.\nG. Gremme, V. Brendel, M.E. Sparks, and S. Kurtz.\nEngineering a software tool for gene structure prediction in higher organisms.\nInformation and Software Technology 2005, 47(15):965–978\n- FISH Oracle,\na web server for visualizing cancer genomics data.\nM. Mader, R. Simon, S. Steinbiss and S. Kurtz.\nFISH Oracle: a web server for flexible visualization of DNA copy number data in a genomic context.\nJournal of Clinical Bioinformatics 2011, 1:20\n- ParsEval, a\ntool for comparing genome annotations.\nD.S. Standage and V.P. Brendel.\nParsEval: parallel comparison and analysis of gene structure annotations.\nBMC Bioinformatics 2012, 13:187\na graphical interface for working with LTR retrotransposon predictions.\nS. Steinbiss, S. Kastens and S. Kurtz.\nLTRsift: a graphical user interface for semi-automatic classification and postprocessing of de novo detected LTR retrotransposons.\nMobile DNA 2012, 3:18\n- FISH Oracle 2,\na web-based software tool for the integrative analysis of cancer genomics data.\nM. Mader, R. Simon, and S. Kurtz.\nFISH Oracle 2: a web server for integrative visualization of genomic data in cancer research.\nJournal of Clinical Bioinformatics 2014, 4:5", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://branchesandrain.blogspot.com/2009/11/blooming-of-high-line.html", "date": "2018-05-23T09:11:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794865468.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20180523082914-20180523102914-00093.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9610962271690369, "token_count": 161, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__188237424", "lang": "en", "text": "The Manchester Guardian has an excellent article on the opening of the park, with a detailed account of the plantings by Dutch horticulturalist Piet Oudolf, and a comparison with similar projects elsewhere. I am impressed. Current horticultural thinking is all about \"what wants to grow there\".\nForty per cent of the species Oudolf put on the High Line were already there, dropped by birds and blown by the winds on to the railbed during its derelict years. Sustainable may be an overused adjective, but Oudolf embraces the notion, in that what was put there by nature was, by definition, sustained.\nIt reminds me of the agrarian writings of Masanobu Fukuoka, and reflects my own attitude about the ecology of urban yards.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.clingensoc.org/news/medical-student-essay-prize/", "date": "2022-09-27T15:25:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335034.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220927131111-20220927161111-00362.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.92226642370224, "token_count": 160, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__239360653", "lang": "en", "text": "19th September 2022\nClinical Genetics Society Medical Student Essay Prize 2022-2023\nWe look forward to new essay entries.\nClinical Genetics Society Medical Student Essay Prize 2021-2022\nMedical students in the UK were invited to submit a 2,000 word essay titled\n‘How can we address inequalities in access to genetic services?’.\nHealth inequality has long been recognised as an important matter, but never\nmore so than now, with the COVID-19 global pandemic only increasing the gap.\nCongratulations to the 2021- 2022 winners:\nHolly Pratt, a 4th year medical student at the University of Leicester\nJonathan Heng, a 1st year medical student at the University of Bristol\nClick here to view the winning essays", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://servalesa.com/en/products/biostimulants/amino-acids/servanitro-star/", "date": "2021-01-17T00:07:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703507971.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20210116225820-20210117015820-00354.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7798418402671814, "token_count": 372, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__245820363", "lang": "en", "text": "CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS\nEcological biostimulant with amino acids for moments of physiological stress\nSERVANITRO STAR® is a product obtained from natural sources and is based on amino acids of enzymatic hydrolysis. It solubility is total in water. The amino acids contained in the formulation are obtained using biological methods and, in any case, from a chemical hydrolysis process. It has a high content of organic nitrogen making it an excellent fertilizer of gradual mineralization, preventing leaching losses.\nSERVANITRO STAR® has a biostimulant action on crops due to its richness in amino acids of biological origin and is also an important source of organic nitrogen.\nIt is especially indicated in the initial growth and development stages of the crop, in the flowering and fruit growth stage and at any time when biotic or abiotic stress is generated in the crop.\n• Foliar: 100-300 g/hL (1-3 kg/ha)\n• Fertigation: 2-4 kg/ha\n|Total amino acids\n|Nitrogen (N) total\n|Nitrogen (N) organic\n|Total organic matter\nMain amino acids: Alanine 9,85%; Aspartic Acid + Asparagine 5,70%; Glutamic Acid + Glutamine 9,89%; Glycine 22,06%; Proline 13,25%; Hydroxyproline 9,85%; Serine 1,26%; Arginine 4,78%; Histidine 7,70%; Isoleucine 1,59%; Leucine 3,16%; Valine 2,40%; Lysine 3,22%; Methionine 0,56%; Phenylalanine 2,03%; Threonine 0,40%.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://biol420.opened.ca/the-near-miss-moth/", "date": "2023-10-03T01:34:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511023.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002232712-20231003022712-00157.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9754520654678345, "token_count": 1139, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__54034488", "lang": "en", "text": "Since the dawn of humanity, people have hunted animals for sustenance or in defense of family and livestock. These direct actions have had catastrophic impacts, however, it is only recently that the indirect actions of humans have had such an impact on so many species.\nHabitat destruction, climate change, poaching, noise pollution, entanglement in human debris, microplastic contamination of water, introduction of invasive species, air pollution, and migration disruption are just a few of the factors pushing many species towards extinction. Many of these ideas are considered to be fairly recent, and have only become an issue due to rising global population and reliance on fossil fuels and oil products.\nSome organisms have been observed to adapt well to changing conditions. The best example of this might be the Peppered Moth (Biston betularia). The Peppered Moth is a small, nocturnal moth that lives over most of the world. It is about 5.5cm across and, as the name would suggest, is speckled in appearance.\nOne of the regions that this small moth calls home is the British Isles. From 1760-1840, Britain experienced huge growth in industry. Before the explosion of factory manufacturing, most products had been hand-crafted, meaning little machinery had been used. With so much production, air quality decreased rapidly. The creation of soda ash was particularly detrimental to air quality, as it released noxious gases and smoke into the atmosphere. All of this lead to deposits of carbon, coating everything from houses to trees. Suddenly, the Peppered moth went from blending into wood to standing out- white on black.\nAt this time, Darwin’s theory of natural selection and evolution was not widely accepted. When biologists started to notice the colour shift in the Peppered moth, however, that began to change. By 1895, 98% of Peppered moths were the black phenotype. This made them blend in against the now- dark environment, meaning they were harder to see, and therefore, harder to consume. The lighter, original phenotype stood out to predators and made them less successful, or, as Darwin would have described it, less “fit”.\nSo what’s the big deal? There was soot on everything and a moth changed colour. Who cares? This was actually very significant, as it is still one of the only instances of visible evolution. Generally, natural selection occurs over hundreds or thousands of years, making it impossible to witness first hand. The Peppered moth spoke to the power of natural selection. It also was a perfect illustrator on how human activity was forcing animals to adapt their behaviour (in this case, their sexual selection of mates).\nThe moth indicated the poor air quality before Britain even thought to regulate air pollution, but soon the human population started to see the negative impacts of the smog. Several laws were put into place to try and reduce the air pollution. The first of which was the Public Health Act, enacted in 1875. This act was meant to decrease the amount of smoke being released from factories, trains, and private fireplaces. The most recent was passed in response to the Killer Smog of 1952. The Clean Air Act of 1956 outlined areas of stricter smoke control. Chimney height had to be reduced, only smokeless fuels could be burned, and smoke that was released was only allowed to be so dark. This did not eliminate the air pollution issue, but it did decrease it.\nHow did this change in policy impact Peppered moths? With the deposits of soot decreasing all over Britain, it was no longer advantageous for moths to be dark in colour. With the trees returning to their original light colouration, the moths once again stood out- this time black on white. Suddenly, the moths that would have been superior at the height of the Industrial Revolution were more vulnerable to predation and, therefore, less fit. If the moths wanted to survive, they would have to make another behavioral shift, once again demonstrating the power of natural selection to the scientific community. Scientists are hoping that the public can help them to find the distribution of different colouration types of moths over Britain, by identifying Peppered moths and reporting on what colour they are.\nThe Peppered moth is an interesting example of natural selection and behavioural adaptation, but really it is a ‘near miss’. If the moth had not been able to adapt its colouration to the human-impacted environment, it likely would have gone extinct over a century ago. It’s a near miss because human influences almost had serious consequences for this species.\nWhat about species that cannot change their colouration? Or cannot naturally select their way out of poaching or entanglement? What about organisms who find that their stop-over migration grounds have been turned into a subdivision, when only one year ago it was a marsh? Though the Peppered moth didn’t really end up experiencing lasting population or even behavioural changes as a result of decreasing air quality, many species aren’t so lucky. We should take the story of this little creature as a tale of warning: we as humans have huge influence on the fate of most species on the planet, and should take this seriously.\nWe are entering the 6th major extinction event because of human impact on the planet. Let us learn from this ‘Near Miss Moth’, and take action for species that will not be able to rely on a colour mutation in order to dodge human impact and extinction.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://springerspanielit.com/english/Wss/MyDogDNA.htm", "date": "2018-07-19T07:51:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590711.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20180719070814-20180719090814-00455.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9097186326980591, "token_count": 708, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__152847012", "lang": "en", "text": "MyDogDNA canine testing service discovers known gene for canine bleeding disorder also in Finnish Hound and Welsh Springer Spaniels\nGenoscoper Laboratories, genomics laboratory in Helsinki, Finland, reports today that they have identified the known mutation responsible for a canine bleeding disorder called Canine Factor VII Deficiency (cFVII) in two dog breeds, the Finnish Hound and the Welsh Springer Spaniel. The discovery has been made with MyDogDNA, canine DNA testing service based on a dog’s genome-wide analysis.\nCanine Factor VII Deficiency is caused by a mutation in the Factor VII gene, which encodes a protein that is crucial for the initiation of blood coagulation. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive gene, so a dog needs to inherit the defective gene from both its sire and dam to manifest the disease. Symptoms of Canine Factor VII Deficiency can include bruising, bleeding from the nose or vagina, or internal bleeding, but the disorder typically goes unnoticed until trauma or surgery results in prolonged bleeding affected dogs. Clinical symptoms can be reduced by blood transfusions or recombinant FVII therapy, but long-term management is difficult.\nThe mutation was originally discovered in Beagles and has since been reported in the Airedale Terrier, Alaskan Klee Kai, Giant Schnauzer, and Scottish Deerhound. Because the consequences of a genetic mutation are not necessarily the same in every breed, the discovery of cFVII in these two additional breeds highlights the need for further research to validate the link between the mutation and its manifestation as the bleeding disorder. As the next step, the MyDogDNA research team, headed by Dr. Jonas Donner at Genoscoper Laboratories, will be cooperating with other researchers, breed clubs, breeders, and veterinarians worldwide to identify genetically affected (homozygous) dogs and determine if this mutation indeed produces the same bleeding disorder seen in other breeds.\nThe Finnish-based Genoscoper Laboratories is the first canine diagnostics laboratory in the world to use a genome-wide DNA analysis for genetic testing. Unlike single-gene tests, MyDogDNA's comprehensive panel analysis tests for over hundred known mutations simultaneously, using only a single DNA sample swabbed from inside the dog's cheek. The technology also records at the same time thousands of neutral chromosomal markers that can be used to measure genetic diversity and even locate new mutations associated with other genetic disorders.\nThe development of comprehensive panel screening allows MyDogDNA to provide much deeper insights into canine genome. This will translate into genetic information that can be used by breeders and veterinarians to reduce the incidence of inherited diseases in dogs.\nfurther information, please visit www.mydogdna.com\nFor press and media enquiries, please contact:\nMs Saila Sorsa, Head of Customer Relations at Genoscoper Laboratories\nmobile +358 50 5736697, saila.sorsa(at)mydogdna.com\nMyDogDNA™ testing services provided by Genoscoper Laboratories help explore inherited characteristics in dogs. The world's first genome-wide DNA analysis, core of the MyDogDNA testing services, enables panel screening of several known canine hereditary disorders and conformational traits with a comprehensive assessment of the level of inbreeding of a single dog as well as that of the breed. The global MyDogDNA database provides dog breeders with information and new tools to reduce harmful inbreeding and disease load within their breed.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://corinanewsome.wixsite.com/hoodnaturalist/bio", "date": "2024-02-26T14:19:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474660.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226130305-20240226160305-00141.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9493955373764038, "token_count": 210, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__93118970", "lang": "en", "text": "Born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Corina Newsome is a wildlife biologist dedicated to the integration of environmental justice and conservation science and practice. Corina earned her bachelor's degree in zoo and wildlife biology from Malone University and, after several years as an animal care professional, went on to earn her master's degree in biology from Georgia Southern University.\nWith a specific passion for avian conservation, Corina’s research focuses on answering landscape ecology questions that help us better understand how we can help birds thrive in a changing world. Corina’s fascination with birds extends beyond her research and into the communities where she lives and works, serving as beautiful vehicles through which she connects herself and others to the world around them.\nIn addition to her work as a wildlife scientist, Corina is committed to increasing the representation and visibility of Black science professionals for the next generation of STEM experts, and centering the leadership and perspectives of Black, Indigenous, and communities of color in wildlife conservation, environmental education, and exploration of the natural world.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://hampdenfph.com/cases/info/bernadette-a", "date": "2017-07-23T04:50:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549424247.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20170723042657-20170723062657-00077.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9695694446563721, "token_count": 406, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-30__0__151892786", "lang": "en", "text": "Bernadette, a thirteen year old spayed female domestic long hair cat, just could not seem to get over an ear infection. It seemed to respond to ear medication, but every time it would mysteriously return once she was off medication. She was brought to Hampden Family Pet Hospital for evaluation where not only was an infection found, but also a mass was seen inside her ear canal. Bernadette was placed under general anesthesia for skull xrays and video otoscopy (using a small camera to look within the ear) to help visualize her middle ear. Based on those findings, surgery was performed to remove the mass coming from the middle ear which luckily came back as a benign growth, called an inflammatory polyp. After a short stay in the hospital, Bernadette was sent home. She did develop Horner’s syndrome, a possible side effect of the surgery, which causes the affected side to have a drooping eyelid, smaller pupil, sunken in appearance, and exposed third eyelid. This condition can be temporary or permanent and is caused by irritation of the nerves within the middle ear. In Bernadette’s case, the Horner’s syndrome resolved over a few months and since surgery, she has not had any more ear infections.\nInflammatory polyps within the ear are typically found in younger cats and are one of the most common causes of disease in that part of the body. Symptoms can include head shaking, pawing at the ear, discharge, and neurologic signs, such as Horner’s syndrome, head tilt, and a drunken gait. Because of Bernadette’s age, both benign and malignant masses had to be considered. Advanced imaging, such as CT scan or MRI, can help determine the extent of a mass prior to surgery and give us a better idea of prognosis. If your pet displays any of these signs or you are concerned about a stubborn ear infection, do not hesitate to seek veterinary care.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://yourpurplelife.com/benefits-of-eating-dates-by-purple-life/", "date": "2024-04-12T23:12:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816465.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412225756-20240413015756-00063.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9124805927276611, "token_count": 953, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__160287852", "lang": "en", "text": "10 Benefits of Eating Dates\nDates have been consumed for centuries and are well-known for their sweet taste and unique texture. These small fruits pack a powerful punch when it comes to nutritional value and health benefits. From improving digestion to boosting heart health, dates offer a wide range of advantages that make them an excellent addition to your diet. In this article, we will explore the ten remarkable benefits of eating dates, highlighting why you should consider incorporating them into your daily routine.\n- Rich in Essential Nutrients: Dates are loaded with essential nutrients that promote overall well-being. They contain high levels of fibre, potassium, magnesium, and vitamin B6. These nutrients are vital for maintaining a healthy nervous system, supporting muscle function, and aiding in the formation of red blood cells. By including dates in your diet, you can ensure you’re getting a natural source of valuable vitamins and minerals.\n- Improved Digestive Health: If you’re looking to improve your digestive health, dates can be a valuable ally. The high fibre content in dates helps regulate bowel movements, preventing constipation and promoting a healthy digestive system. Additionally, dates contain soluble and insoluble fibres that contribute to better nutrient absorption and a healthy gut microbiome.\n- Enhanced Brain Function: Dates are a brain-friendly food due to their high potassium content. Potassium is an essential mineral that promotes proper oxygen supply to the brain, enhancing cognitive function and boosting concentration. Regular consumption of dates can improve memory, enhance focus, and support overall brain health.\n- Natural Energy Booster: Dates are an excellent natural source of energy. Their natural sugars, including fructose, glucose, and sucrose, provide a quick energy boost without the need for processed sugars. By incorporating dates into your diet, you can experience sustained energy levels throughout the day, making them an ideal snack choice for athletes or those with an active lifestyle.\n- Heart Health: When it comes to cardiovascular health, dates have numerous benefits. They are low in cholesterol and contain no sodium, making them heart-friendly fruits. Moreover, dates are rich in potassium, which helps regulate blood pressure and reduces the risk of stroke and heart disease. The antioxidants present in dates also contribute to reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the body, further supporting heart health.\n- Strengthened Bones and Teeth: Dates are an excellent source of minerals such as calcium, manganese, and magnesium, which are crucial for maintaining strong bones and teeth. These minerals play a vital role in bone density and help prevent conditions like osteoporosis. Including dates in your diet can be particularly beneficial for growing children, pregnant women, and individuals at risk of bone-related issues.\n- Improved Immune System: Dates contain several antioxidants, including flavonoids, carotenoids, and phenolic acid, which help strengthen the immune system and protect the body against various infections. Regular consumption of dates can boost your body’s defence mechanisms, reducing the risk of illness and supporting overall health.\n- Reduced Risk of Chronic Diseases: The antioxidant properties of dates help combat oxidative stress, which is a significant contributor to chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. The high fibre content in dates also aids in maintaining stable blood sugar levels, making them a suitable choice for individuals with diabetes. By incorporating dates into your diet, you can reduce the risk of these conditions and promote long-term health.\n- Natural Weight Management: Dates are satisfying and nutritious snacks that can aid in weight management. The high fibre content promotes feelings of fullness, reducing the urge to overeat. Additionally, dates’ natural sweetness can help curb sugar cravings, making them a healthier alternative to processed sweets. Including dates in a balanced diet can support healthy weight loss or maintenance goals.\n- Promotes Healthy Skin: The vitamins and minerals present in dates, such as vitamins C and D, selenium, and zinc, contribute to healthy skin. These nutrients help combat skin ageing, reduce inflammation, and promote collagen production. Regular consumption of dates can improve skin elasticity, prevent wrinkles, and contribute to a glowing complexion.\nDates are not only delicious but also offer a wide range of impressive health benefits. From improving digestive health and enhancing brain function to promoting heart health and healthy skin, incorporating dates into your diet can significantly contribute to your overall well-being. Whether enjoyed on their own, added to smoothies, or used as a natural sweetener, dates provide a nutritious and versatile addition to any meal plan. Embrace the many advantages of dates and experience the positive impact they can have on your health and vitality.\nBuy Best Dates in Malaysia at our online store.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://cassioshealthandbeauty.co.uk/cassios-treatment/ipl-laser-permanent-hair-reduction-and-removal/", "date": "2020-07-06T03:24:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655890092.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20200706011013-20200706041013-00396.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.907705545425415, "token_count": 147, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__4478751", "lang": "en", "text": "IPL Laser – Permanent hair Reduction and Removal\nUsing Phaser EPL™ Smartlite™ dual phase technology high powered multi-purpose IPL system, Phaser EPL delivers pulses of light into the skin at specific wavelengths which selectively absorb in the melanin pigment in the hair follicle and the vascular network that feeds the germ cells locked in the bulge. The light energy heats the pigment and effectively disables the hair follicle without damaging the surrounding skin tissue. It is important to note that IPL hair removal is effective in removing hairs which are in the growing phase.\nA course of treatments will be required, usually 6-10 sessions to reduce or remove unwanted hairs. (Discounts available on courses of treatments.)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://stanleybeautycare.com/how-to-take-good-care-of-the-skin-around-your-eyes-according-to-dermatologists/", "date": "2022-12-08T03:21:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711232.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20221208014204-20221208044204-00756.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.923787534236908, "token_count": 1464, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__296317962", "lang": "en", "text": "Our eyes are a window: they reveal when we don’t get enough sleep, if we drank too much wine the night before or how much we laughed throughout our lives.\nThis is because the skin around the eyes is the thinnest on the face, making it more susceptible to irritation, dryness and environmental damage, which can contribute to the onset of skin aging. And that’s because the skin around your eyes doesn’t have as many sebaceous glands and collagen as the rest of your face and body, making it more prone to dryness, sagging, wrinkles. and fine lines, according to a study published in 2015 in Advanced biomedical research.\nTo help prevent these common eye problems, dermatologists stress the importance of using dedicated eye care products, as they are formulated specifically for the delicate eye area.\n“When treating a skin problem around the eyes, it’s important to properly diagnose the problem first in order to get the best treatment and the best results,” says Joshua Zeichner, MDdirector of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York.\nLuckily, there are tons of products to choose from when it comes to eye skin care, including serums, creams, oils, and tools. So if you’re not using any eye care products, don’t worry, it’s never too late to start, and these pro tips will lead you to the best solution for your needs.\nFrom lightening dark circles to reducing puffiness, discover expert-approved tips and product choices for common eye skin care concerns below.\nSoftens fine lines and crow’s feet\nCrow’s feet are the hallmark of a happy life. Those horizontal creases that form at the outer corners of the eyes are largely the result of muscle movements that occur when we smile and laugh. If you want to soften them, “a retinoid product can be very helpful,” says Ranella Hirsch, MD, a board-certified dermatologist in Cambridge, MA. Retinoids can trigger collagen production in the skin to help smooth out some of the wrinkles. A prescription retinoid such as Tretinoin Cream 0.025% can be quite effective, although Dr. Hirsch suggests sticking to the area outside the eye socket (you can feel the orbital bone at the perimeter).\nTo treat fine lines under the eyes, you can try an over-the-counter eye cream with retinol, which is a less potent retinoid. Whether you’re using a prescription retinoid or an over-the-counter version, start by tapping on a small dot one night a week and gradually work your way up to multiple nights of use to limit dryness and irritation. If you can’t tolerate a retinoid, consider a peptide eye cream, which can also boost collagen. Remember to protect your skin by applying a product with a Broad Spectrum SPF of 50 or higher. (To avoid stinging the eyes, Dr. Hirsch recommends using a sunscreen stick, which won’t run into the eyes.)\nLack of sleep can make dark circles worse, but it’s usually not the root cause. “The main culprits for creating circles are excess pigment in the skin and the hollowness around the eyes that occurs with age,” says Dr. Zeichner. To determine which type you have, stand in front of a brightly lit mirror. “Gently pinch a bit of the dark skin and pull it slightly forward,” he advises. “If the skin is still dark, it signals excess pigment. If the skin color looks normal, digging around your eyes creates shadows.\nFor dark circles caused by pigmentation, Dr. Zeichner suggests an eye cream containing vitamin C, which helps reduce the skin’s production of melanin (aka pigment). Choose a formula in a tube or pump bottle rather than a jar to preserve the potency of the ingredient, and apply it daily. “Think of vitamin C like exercise,” says Dr. Zeichner. “You have to be consistent and persevere for a few months to see results.” For more pronounced dark circles, you may want to consider in-office laser treatment, suggests Dr. Hirsch. Avoid rubbing your eyes, as chronic rubbing can cause more melanin to be produced, especially on more melanic skin types.\nHollowing is a different problem that occurs when the fat under the skin in the tear trough (the area between the lower eyelid and the upper cheek) decreases with age, making the trough deeper and more shaded. “An eye cream rich in hyaluronic acid can help plump the skin,” says Dr. Zeichner. For further enhancement, you may want to consider an injectable filler. Drinking water can also help. Although the water you drink will not directly hydrate the skin, when your body is well hydrated, sunken skin will be a little less noticeable.\nGoing to bed drunk or crying can leave you with puffy eyes, but chronically puffy eyes are often the result of allergies. If you suffer from seasonal allergies, antihistamines can help interfere with the pathway that triggers puffiness, if used correctly.\n“You don’t want to wait until you have symptoms to start them,” says Dr. Hirsch. “Ideally, you want to take an antihistamine daily for two weeks before pollen peaks to stay ahead of allergies.” If you suffer from dust and dander allergies, Dr. Hirsch recommends getting an allergy protection cover: “This can prevent household allergens from sticking to your pillow, which can make a significant difference in eliminating that.\nprolonged exposure while you sleep.\nFor an immediate fix, dab on an eye cream containing caffeine, which is an anti-inflammatory that helps constrict blood vessels to remove excess fluid from under the skin. You can also apply popular anti-puffiness eye patches or try a cool compress on your eyes, as cold temperatures also constrict blood vessels. (Just be sure to raise your head to help drainage.) “If you’re prone to puffiness, using a retinol eye cream daily will help firm the skin so the swelling is less noticeable.” , says Dr. Zeichner.\nHowever, if you have what looks like a fatty bulge under your eyes that won’t go away no matter what you try, “it’s probably due to your cheek pad slipping, which can’t be treated with care. of the skin but can be made less obvious with an injectable filler or permanently fixed with surgery,” says Dr. Zeichner.\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and uploaded to this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content on piano.io", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://picasol.eu/en/picasol-anti-insect", "date": "2019-07-19T10:24:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195526210.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20190719095313-20190719121313-00323.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9035347104072571, "token_count": 203, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__217605291", "lang": "en", "text": "Don't let insect bites ruin your beautiful moments. Picasol Anti-Insect protects you against annoying and sometimes dangerous bites of ticks, mosquitoes and other biting insects. This natural insect spray, without DEET, is also suitable for babies (as from 3 months old) and during pregnancy.\nMosquitoes, including malaria mosquito, yellow fever mosquito or the mosquito that causes the ZIKA virus.\nTicks are on the rise in all of Europe and can carry a bacteria causing Lyme disease.\nAll other biting insects.\nDo you stay at home this summer or will you be holidaying in Europe or further away?\nWherever you are, Picasol Anti-insect will protect you.\nSuitable for children aged 3 months and up, and pregnant women\nWith Citriodiol, the only natural insect repellent approved by the authorities (WHO, EU, ...).\nScientifically proven performance (Source: Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://betabriefing.com/news/politics/16558-covid-19-claims-38-lives-in-serbia-6-424-newly-infected", "date": "2021-10-22T10:48:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585504.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20211022084005-20211022114005-00562.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9833622574806213, "token_count": 170, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__189414524", "lang": "en", "text": "In the past 24 hours, 6,424 new cases of COVID-19 were confirmed in Serbia out of 20,584 persons tested, while 38 people died of the disease.\nThe Ministry of Health announced on Sept. 20 that 4,642 people were currently hospitalized with COVID-19, 181 of whom were on ventilators.\nA total of 872,110 cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed in Serbia since the beginning of the epidemic, while 7,808 people have died of the disease according to official records.\nA shipment of vaccines against COVID-19 made by Pfizer-BioNTech containing 100,650 doses arrived in Serbia on Sept. 20. According to the Serbian government website, the vaccines were delivered to the Belgrade Torlak Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.chanboox.com/2019/02/27/dinosaurs-and-secrets-of-life-reach-toluca-cultural-center/", "date": "2019-06-16T01:10:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627997508.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20190616002634-20190616024634-00224.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8794500231742859, "token_count": 312, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__156096899", "lang": "en", "text": "Mexico, Feb. 27 (Notimex).- In order to know the past of the Earth, the secrets of DNA and a conversation between the human body and the biology of dinosaurs, the Toluca Cultural Center will exhibit “Dinosaurios Ahora” (Dinosaurs now), “Dime tus genes y te dire quién eres” (Tell me about your genes and I will tell who you are) and “Génesis”, from March 8 to June 9.\n“Dinosaurios Ahora” will arrive from the Museum of the Desert in Coahuila with an exhibition composed by scientifically endorsed robots, among which are the Tyrannosaurus Rex, Sabinosaur and Acantholipan Gonzalezi”.\n“Dime tus genes y te diré quién eres” is an exhibition about genetics, which aims to let children and adults know the secret of DNA life and the relationship between genetics with the environment and the advances of medicine, where the audience can even hear the beating of a giant heart.\n“Génesis” is a digital photographic exhibition created by Jorge López, which reflects a connection between the shape and movements of the human body compared to the biology of dinosaurs.\nAs part of the “Sorpréndete” exhibitions, the exhibitions will be available from Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 to 18:00 at the Toluca Cultural Center, State of Mexico.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://beeseasonal.com/products/highland-wildflower-honey-60lbs", "date": "2024-04-15T12:34:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816977.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415111434-20240415141434-00346.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8816003203392029, "token_count": 182, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__16716881", "lang": "en", "text": "Main Floral Source: Wildflowers of the Altiplano Central\nThis is a typical honey from the highlands in central Mexico\nColor: yellow, extra light amber\nAroma: Clean, waxy\nTaste: Waxy, floral\nPrimary Taste: Sweet\nWhat is the origin of this honey?\nWhen spring comes to Mexico, sun-drenched expanses of the volcanic mountain slopes on the plateau of the Altiplano Central begin to bloom. It is at this time of the year that beekeepers bring their bees to gorge on the colorful, fragrant splendor of flowers such as the mozote and acahual. Other popular flowers with the bees are the jamarao, perilla and aceitilla.\nThe combination of these wonderful, exotic flowers gives the incomparable taste of Mexican highland honey, balanced but with a floral note.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.jasperhighlands.com/lifestyle/parks-trails/sweetgum-trail/", "date": "2024-02-23T17:31:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474440.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223153350-20240223183350-00237.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9734178185462952, "token_count": 576, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__202981612", "lang": "en", "text": "The mid-November morning was mostly clear and seasonably cool. A bit of fog was hanging around in the valleys and near the Tennessee River. When I looked out the window and noticed the last of a colorful Red Maple's leaves moving in the breeze, I decided then and there I wanted to go to the woods….I wanted to take a walk through the woods. I wanted to feel the breeze in my face and experience the quiet of the forest from a perch on the edge of a mountain. And I knew just the place. Ten minutes later I was beginning the trek down Sweetgum Trail, one of the recently designed hiking trails in Jasper Highlands. The photographs summarize the experience…though I just missed a few of the inhabitants of the forest who shared space with me during the hike. I saw a Gray Squirrel clinging to the bark of an oak, a White-Breasted Nuthatch in the customary 'upside down' pose on the trunk of a maple, a Blue Jay squawking from a thicket near the creek, and from my seat on a log near the edge, a Red-Tailed Hawk soaring effortlessly on the currents rising from the valley floor. No doubt there was a White-Tailed Deer along the way, but this time I did not see one….though several times I had the feeling I was being watched, for along this trail there are many clandestine vantage points from which Odocoileus could have seen me without being seen. They are very good at such craft. Their very existence depends on it.\nThere were all kinds of features along this trail that caused me to pause and take note…..a rock wall standing strong and tall over the ravine through which part of the trail winds, the hardwood trees, primarily Red, White and Chestnut Oak, Red Maple, and Mockernut Hickory, but also a few towering Sweetgums (one specimen for which the trail is named). A seasonal creek meandered down the valley adjacent to the trail, and the relaxing trickle of the moving water was a welcome addition to the quiet forest. And then I could see the edge….a place where the mountain topography experienced a sudden change, giving rise to one of the most majestic views in all of the Southeast. I was there, the end of the trail. I placed my backpack and hiking stick on a fallen tree and began to enjoy the scene…..to the south was the Tennessee River and Lake Nickajack….and mountains beyond.\nTo the east was Lookout Mountain in Chattanooga, to the west more tree covered mountains and valleys. Nothing like it….the panorama, the grandeur of The Tennessee River Valley, the quiet, the harmony of the forest. All it takes is a bit of time and initiative and Mother Nature will reward your efforts.\n- Mark Bray, Land Specialist", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://shop.pahydroponics.com/cutting-edge-solutions-bulletproof-si/", "date": "2024-02-29T20:54:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474853.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229202522-20240229232522-00895.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9252837300300598, "token_count": 276, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__165283142", "lang": "en", "text": "Bulletproof Si ® delivers silicon in a form that may be utilized in virtually any fertilizer regimen. The silicon form (SiO2) has shown to increase agricultural production, yield, strengthening plants, promote resistance to stressors like heat, cold, drought, lodging, accelerate maturity, promotion of a advantageous upright stature which leads to favorable exposure of leaves to light.\nBulletproof Si ® is formulated without potassium to facilitate application flexibility. Bulletproof Si ® is extremely beneficial in hydroponics, coco blends, and soilless growing media. **NOTE** A strong aroma similar to ammonia is normal in Bulletproof Si. The specialty enzymes used in the formula produce a sour, almost acetic smell. Always shake very well before use.\nIn addition, Bulletproof Si ® is designed for use in hydroponics, continuous feed, drain to waste, soilless, and traditional soil growing applications.\nBulletproof Si ® is recommended for use with all Cutting Edge Solutions® products, as well as with other commercial hydroponic nutrients. Bulletproof Si ® should be applied to roots and leaves during all stages of growth.\nUse lighter solutions of Bulletproof Si ® for young plants, perennials, and during foliar application. Higher strength solutions are best suited for fast growing annuals, during both vegetative growth and fruiting/flowering.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://carrbororec.com/2228/Solid-Waste", "date": "2023-06-03T07:20:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224649177.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20230603064842-20230603094842-00244.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9215205907821655, "token_count": 130, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__171867940", "lang": "en", "text": "International Compost Awareness Week - May 7th - 13th\nIt’s International Compost Awareness Week! This year’s theme “For Healthier Soil, Healthier Food...Compost!” focuses on how compost can have a role in helping feed the world, by making our soil healthier which produces healthier food.\nComposting materials such as food scraps and yard trimmings converts these materials into a nutrient rich soil amendment that communities can use to promote soil fertility and productivity, improve water quality, reduce stormwater runoff and soil erosion, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\nLearn more about Composting.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://justinlareaumd.com/hip-anatomy/conditions-treatments/avascular-necrosis/", "date": "2019-04-25T00:22:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578675477.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20190424234327-20190425015528-00042.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9396033883094788, "token_count": 582, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__126802811", "lang": "en", "text": "Avascular necrosis (AVN), better known as osteonecrosis, of the femoral head, is a disease that causes death of bone.\nIn the earliest stages of osteonecrosis plain x-rays are often normal. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) is the key that allows us to detect AVN at its earliest stages.\nWill it get Worse?\nThe natural history of osteonecrosis is linked to the size of the necrotic segment. Very small lesions (involvement of less than 15% of the femoral head) may resolve without any further treatment. On the other hand, lesions involving greater than 50% of the femoral head progress to collapse, and ultimately require in total hip arthroplasty.\nDoes Avascular Necrosis Cause Pain?\nAVN may be present without any pain whatsoever. There may be early hip pain but unfortunately, pain often develops only once the osteonecrosis has progressed quite far. At that time the pain is caused by fragmentation and collapse of the femoral head.\nHow often is the other hip affected?\nVerification of the status of the opposite hip is very important as part of the evaluation of osteonecrosis, because studies have shown that often the contralateral hip is asymptomatic and has a normal x-ray, and even more importantly in cases of non-traumatic osteonecrosis, the incidence of bilaterality is up to 80%.\nNo one really understands the cause of AVN, but it appears to be related to a disruption of the blood flow to the femoral head. Four basic mechanisms are implicated: mechanical disruption (e.g., broken hip), external pressure on or damage to a vessel wall (e.g., vasculitis, radiation therapy), arterial thrombosis or embolism (e.g., sickle cell diseases, prednisone, alcohol), and venous or blood outflow occlusion (e.g., infection). Although the relationship between the inciting event and the onset of osteonecrosis is clear in some cases, such as vascular disruption from a femoral neck fracture or arterial thrombosis from sickled blood cells, the inciting event in most cases is poorly understood. There is an increased incidence of osteonecrosis seen in people who chronically use corticosteroids, as well as people who consume more than 3 glasses of wine or 5 beers per week.\nFrequently Asked Questions\nDo I need an operation to correct Osteonecrosis?\nThere are several treatment choices, determined by the extent of involvement of the femoral head.\nAre there other choices?\nBesides non-operative management and core decompression, there are several other treatment modalities, which include osteotomies, bone grafting, and total hip arthroplasty.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.electricshaverdeals.com/hair-treatment/hair-growth-pills-work-understanding-biotin-hair-loss-remedy/", "date": "2020-01-18T20:03:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250593937.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20200118193018-20200118221018-00202.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9525502920150757, "token_count": 718, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__23024157", "lang": "en", "text": "Table Of Contents\nDo Hair Growth Pills Work? Understanding the Biotin Hair Loss Remedy\nHair loss is something most individuals don’t want to face. Thankfully, there are many different hair loss remedies that are actually effective. Biotin is one of the most popular substances for hair loss, and for good reason. Understanding how biotin works to help hair grow can help individuals determine whether hair growth pills with biotin are a good idea.\nWhat is Biotin?\nBiotin is a B-complex vitamin, which is also called Vitamin B7. Individuals get biotin from many different foods they consume, including different types of fish and seafood. In the body, biotin helps with many different things, including helping to convert food into energy.\nIt is actually rare to find an individual who is biotin deficient, but taking biotin in the form of a pill can help many different conditions, such as hair loss. Biotin in the form of a shampoo or topical application isn’t such a great idea, since the body has a difficult time absorbing biotin through the skin. Therefore, a supplement is the best idea.\nUnderlying Causes of Hair Loss\nWhile it’s true that biotin can help men and women naturally grow thicker, longer and healthier hair – it may not work if there is an underlying cause to the hair loss. There are many different medical conditions that can cause thinning hair and hair loss. Some of these medical conditions are very serious.\nIf the hair loss is a symptom of an underlying disease or medical condition, the hair growth pills may not work. Some of the medical conditions that can cause hair loss include stress, hormonal imbalances, thyroid disease, diabetes, lupus and certain types of infections. It’s important that individuals speak with their physicians to be sure there is no underlying cause for the hair loss. To learn more about what can cause hair loss, visit Family Doctor.\nDaily Intake of Biotin\nIt’s very rare for an individual to experience a deficiency of biotin. However, it does happen and in some cases is paired with certain medical conditions such as gastrointestinal disease. Individuals who use biotin supplements need to know how much biotin to take daily, though. For adult men and women, the maximum daily requirement of biotin is between 30 to 100 mcg a day. Again, one should speak to his or her physician before starting a biotin supplement.\nHow Biotin Helps Hair Grow\nBiotin produces neurotransmitters in the brain, and helps with many different processes in the body – including the absorption of protein and glucose. The vitamin itself helps individuals’ bones grow stronger, helps boost male sex drive and helps the health of nerve cells, sweat glands and tissues. When an individual doesn’t get enough biotin from his diet and the body is not naturally producing enough, these functions can suffer. This can be one reason individuals experience thinning hair.\nHowever, when it is taken in supplement form, the deficiency is balanced so that the body can use the readily available supply of biotin for these necessary processes and functions. As the body gets the needed help in absorbing protein and glucose, the hair, nails and skin will start to become healthier. This is the reason biotin is so popular with individuals who are suffering with alopecia.\nWith this information, individuals can understand how biotin works and determine whether it’s right for them.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.firstnationgroup.com/news/first-nation-groups-wellness-program-observes-national-copd-awareness-month", "date": "2024-04-16T20:40:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817106.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416191221-20240416221221-00222.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8884137272834778, "token_count": 679, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__48580654", "lang": "en", "text": "First Nation Group’s Wellness Program observes National COPD Awareness Month\nThis November, First Nation Group’s Wellness Program is observing National Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Awareness Month. This month is dedicated to raising awareness for COPD and recognizing those who care for people with the disease, whether family members, caregivers, or healthcare professionals.\nIn honor of this month, First Nation Group hosted an informational webinar to educate our employees on the importance of COPD awareness and lung health. Our very own Glenn Munroe, Senior Vice President, Business Development, Tiffany Mueller-Childs, RRT, Patient Solutions Clinical Specialist, and Patti Sawyer, RRT, ACCS, Patient Solutions Clinical Specialist, shared their knowledge of COPD, including risk factors, symptoms, treatments, and more!\nCheck out the FAQs below to learn more about how you can live a lung-healthy life!\nWhat is COPD?\nCOPD is a preventable and treatable disease that limits airflow due to chronic inflammation in the airways and lungs. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the disease affects more than 15 million Americans and is a leading cause of death in the United States with one American dying every four minutes.\nWhat is Emphysema?\nEmphysema results in damage to tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen transfers into the bloodstream. Air may also become trapped in the lungs and hard to breathe out.\nWhat is Chronic bronchitis?\nChronic bronchitis causes the bronchial tubes to become irritated or swollen. This causes excess mucus and coughing that can last up to three months. The bronchial tubes may lose their cilia. Cilia are tiny hairs that move mucus, so it can be coughed out.\nWho develops COPD?\nMost COPD patients develop the condition after the age of 40, following years of exposure to something that irritates the lung such as cigarette smoking, vaping, exposure to air pollution, or workplace fumes.\nWhat is Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency?\nAlpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic condition in which the body does not make enough AAT, a protein that protects the lungs and liver from damage. This condition can lead to COPD and liver disease.\nWhat are the symptoms and the treatment for COPD?\n- Increased shortness of breath\n- Frequent coughing/wheezing\n- Chest tightness\n- Frequent colds\n- Nose or throat infections\n- Inhaled corticosteroids\n- Oral corticosteroids\n- Oxygen therapy\n- Pulmonary rehab\n1. Allergy & Asthma Network. (n.d.). Advancing Nationwide Efforts to Engage, Educate & Empower. Allergy & Asthma Network. Retrieved November 22, 2022, from https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/\n2. Patient & Caregiver Resource Center. NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2022, from https://rarediseases.org/", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pawscoo.com/blogs/news/what-do-we-do-after-adopting-a-street-catlong-hair-dragon-li-2020-beginners-guide#comments", "date": "2024-04-12T13:28:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00098.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.960233747959137, "token_count": 863, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__81473055", "lang": "en", "text": "This is the first time for me adopting a street cat and i did a lot of research on the internet about all the possible situations and necessary procedures. Here is a list of what i did right after the first day Beef(the adopted cat) come home.\nA Comprehensive Examination in Veterinary Hospital\nThe first and the most important thing, a comprehensive veterinary examination. Taking the street cat to have a body check-up is a must for every adoptive family. Not only for the good of your kitten, also prevent us, our family members from getting affected by any infectious disease. On the other hand, if the kitten has any initiative virus, it is better to find out on the early stage. I took Beef to the hospital right away to have her body checked up and luckily she is surprisingly healthy, no ear mite, no eyes inflation, no cat tinea or other infectious diseases, although the doctor said she is undernourished.\nStreet cat’s previous living environment made vermifuge necessary. The repellent is divided into two types, inside body vermifuge and repellent on cats’ skin. Normally cats should do on-skin repellent once a month and inside body vermifuge accordingly. Beef was nearly two month old and used only half of the regular dosage for the fist time.\nVaccine should be used in all adopted kittens to prevent from infectious diseases. Vaccination is also good for a cat’s immune system.\nNew born kitten often have sticky and watery discharge inside their eyes and they can not get away from it themselves. The parents should use cotton swab to softly remove the discharge from their eyes at least three times a day to avoid eye disease and inflation.\nKittens younger than three month should be mainly fed with milk, it is wildly known that goats milk is especially good for pets, goats milk provides most nutrition they need. Make the milk warm before feeding, and use feeder to feed the kitten 4-5 times a day, 3-5ml per time.\nKeep Them Warm\nBeef sleeps with me on the same bed so it would not be a problem, however, if you are planning to put kittens in a cage or outside the room, make sure to provide them semi-closed house or cattery and a blanket if necessary. Small kittens get anxious when their parents are not around, therefore, it is suggested to let them stay around you when they are little.\nHelp Them Poop\nSmall kittens often have trouble pooping properly before they were trained. Mother cat usually lick the kitten’s butt hole to stimulate them pooping. On the other hand, we can also use cotton swab to solve this problem. Using cotton swab to zip in warm water, and softly touch the kitten’s butt hole for several times and put them in the cat sand. Most cats have got their natural instincts and they know just what to do right after you put them into cat sand.\nThe 7 important tips above are what i have done to change Beef’s life and also let her change mine, I always wanted a British Shorthair because i love their big orange eyes and i started saving for one of them long back, well, my plan was ended by Beef and I love how it went. Beef has grown so much in a fast step, I am hoping she loves her life right now and being healthy always.\nTo be noticed, there are several ways to simply check if our kittens are in good heath. Firstly we can check on their nose, if the nose is a little wet and does not change color, then he/she is safe. The second way to check on kittens is their butt hole and their poop, if the butt hole is clean and dry, the poop is brown in regular bar shape(not liquid-ish or sheep manure-ish), the cat’s digestion system is working properly. Other perspectives such as their appetite, energy and fur also tell you all about cat’s health situation, what we need to do is to always keep an eye on them and show them more love.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://tghyp.com/neonicotinoid-pesticides-lead-to-fewer-birds-every-year/", "date": "2023-12-06T23:50:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100626.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206230347-20231207020347-00834.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9640251398086548, "token_count": 194, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__128174423", "lang": "en", "text": "A study in Nature Sustainability is the first large scale study of the impact of neonicotinoid pesticides on bird biodiversity in the United States. The study showed that the increase in neonic use between 2008 and 2014 led to a 4% decrease of grassland bird biodiversity and a 3% decrease in insectivorous bird biodiversity every year. This is expected to increase to 12% and 5% annually as the effects compound. Other bird species were affected too, but to a lesser extent.\nNeonics are the most widely used pesticides, used on over 160 million acres of genetically modified crops, and even on many native plants grown for sale to homeowners. They target neuro receptors involved in neurologic development. Studies have shown exposure may lead to an increased risk of autism. These pesticides are not good for birds, bees, or us. And they stay in plants and soil for a long time, so buy plants that have not been treated with neonicotinoids.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://primate.socgen.ucla.edu/index.php/multivitaminic/index", "date": "2023-12-02T02:48:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100309.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202010506-20231202040506-00786.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7883296012878418, "token_count": 203, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__189870651", "lang": "en", "text": "About the Journal\nAs the journal and newsletter of the Neotropical section of the Primate Specialist Group, Neotropical Primates helps to disseminate information on Platyrrhini biology and conservation. We welcome manuscripts dealing with any aspect of primate conservation, including research articles, news items, thesis abstracts, notices of recent publications and the like. Neotropical Primates publishes articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese.\nTo submit a manuscript to Neotropical Primates, you need to register on the website and log in: Submit a manuscript\nPlease visit http://www.primate-sg.org/neotropical_primates/ to view past publications of Neotropical Primates.\nISSN 1413-4705 (Print); ISSN 2995-2174 (Online)\nFront cover: Albino Ateles chamek subadult in early 2019. Photograph by Liselot Lange.\nOnline first of 2022 volume. New articles still being added.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://indtravel.com/npark/npdachigam.html", "date": "2019-04-24T14:34:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578643556.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20190424134457-20190424160457-00128.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8970836400985718, "token_count": 736, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__70668299", "lang": "en", "text": "The easily accessible Dachigam National Park is located 22km from Srinagar. Declared a National Park in 1951, previously an exclusive hunting preserve of the Maharaja of Kashmir, the park spreads over an area of 141 sq. km. The altitude of the park varies, ranging from 5500ft to 14000ft above sea level. Due to this vast variation, the park is defined into two regions namely as Upper Dachigam and Lower Dachigam. The most desirable times to visit the two regions of the Park are in May-August and Sept-March respectively.\nThe terrain of the Park ranges from gently sloping grasslands to sharp rocky outcrops and cliffs. Part of the park lies above the tree line and this area displays bare rock mountains and crevices. The park has a vegetation of over fifty species of trees, twenty species of shrubs and five hundred species of herbs. The principal tree species include Wild Cherry, Pear, Plum, Peach, Apple, Apricot, Walnut, Chestnut, Oak, Willow, Poplar, Birch, Pine and Elm.\nThe Park is the habitat of the endangered Hangul or the Kashmir stag, the only species of red deer found in India. The Hangul population, once 150, now stands at over 400, thanks to a strict conservation policy. Winter is the best time to view the red deer, when they gather in the Lower Dachigam.\nOther inhabitants of the Park include the Himalayan Black Bear, Markhor, Ibex, Leopard, Snow Leopard, Musk Deer, Himalayan Marmot, Leopard Cat, Himalayan Black Bear, Himalayan Brown Bear, Jackal, Jungle Cat and Otter\nOver 150 species of birds can be seen in the park. They includeCrimson Tragopan, Monal Pheasant, Blood Pheasant, Koklass Pheasant, Golden Eagle, Bearded Vulture , Minivet ,Pygmy Owlet, Woodpecker, Babbler, Redstart, Wagtail, Orange Bullfinch, Kashmir Flycatcher, Tytler's Leaf Warbler, Streaked Laughing thrush, Himalayan Rubythroat, Wallcreeper ,Black-and-Yellow Grosbeak, Himalayan Griffon and Red-billed Blue Magpie\nThere is a trout farm in Dachigam, located just near the entrance of the park. Angling is not allowed here. The visitors require a special permit from the chief wildlife warden before visiting the park or the trout farm. Carry your own refreshments as nothing will be available commercially. Accommodation is provided at Lower Dachigam in the form of forest rest houses. Do not try to go on a trek without the guidance of a local person, preferably a qualified guide with good knowledge of the area.\nSrinagar is the nearest airport, connected by daily Indian Airlines and Jet Airways flightsfrom Delhi .Jammu is the nearest railhead, connected by daily trains from Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata and Chennai on Wednesdays, Thursdays and Sundays.. From Jammu, travel by NH1 to reach Srinagar. By road from Srinagar, travel via Shalimar Bagh and Harwan to Dachigam National Park. Lower Dachigam is connected to Srinagar by roads while Upper Dachigam can only be accessed on foot.\nFor further information please contact:\nChief Wildlife Warden,\nTourist Reception Centre,\nState of Jammu & Kashmir,\nI N D I A", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://rivendell-books.com/products/orn", "date": "2024-03-01T07:33:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475203.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301062009-20240301092009-00638.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.971639096736908, "token_count": 478, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__1296565", "lang": "en", "text": "The trio of scientists had been ordered to survey the planet's flora, fauna and mineral resources, and from the very beginning of their mission everything they observed led to one startling conclusion-the mysterious world was virtually identical with the Earth of the Paleocene period, 70,000,000 years ago at the very dawn of the age of mammals! Their names were Cal, Veg, and Aquilon, the most resourceful-and rebellious-of Earth's explorers, and with them came four alien companions, the mantas. Strange flying beings, half-animal, half-fungus, the mantas possessed the keenest senses of any creatures in the universe, a gift which immediately saved the mission from complete disaster. Detecting strong vibrations coming from a great distance, the mantas warned the humans, and Cal realized that it could mean only one thing: an earthquake-one large enough to produce a tidal wave that would totally inundate the small island where they had set up camp. Veg, the strongest member of the team, constructed a crude sailing raft, and the party put out to sea to escape the doomed island. It was the beginning of an incredible series of adventures which would lead them to discoveries as momentous as they were deadly. Sailing for weeks, the raft took them to a region vastly different from the island they had left behind. And when a brachiosaurus, supposedly extinct in the Paleocene period, nearly swamped the raft, they knew they had reached an area of priceless scientific value-an isolated enclave of the Cretaceous period where the full spectrum of the golden age of reptiles was present! But just as incredible as the dinosaurs was another creature they were soon to meet-Orn, a man-sized bird who belonged to the most advanced species ever to develop on this world. Unsurpassed racial memory enabled Orn's mind to reach millions of years into the past, and it was his presence that led the three humans and the mantas to open revolt. Determined to prevent man's destructive exploitation of this world, they must pit themselves not only against the creatures they wish to save from extinction, but also against the all-consuming greed of Earth's powerful authorities. As rich in scientific detail as it is in breathtaking excitement, Orn is a masterwork of the imagination and a tribute to the creative genius of Piers Anthony.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://revcustomrx.com/heart-health-hormone-replacement-therapy-friend-or-foe/", "date": "2023-06-05T21:18:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224652161.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20230605185809-20230605215809-00654.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7550971508026123, "token_count": 2617, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__74332312", "lang": "en", "text": "You may already be aware that heart disease is the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States. But what you may not know is that cardiovascular disease is not only impacted by factors such as genetics, obesity, or smoking, but also by menopause and andropause.\nThe use of hormones to offset the effects of menopause/andropause is an option, but first, we have to clarify why they have had a bad reputation, and what medical research is now showing.\nHormone replacement therapy is bad!?\nThe belief that menopausal women shouldn’t take hormone replacements stemmed from a 2002 study by the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). Using conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for the study, the researchers determined that the benefits of HRT were greatly outweighed by the detrimental effects it had on breast and heart health.\nBut a later analysis of the 2002 WHI trial and newer studies have shown that use of HRT in younger or early postmenopausal women was not as concerning as previously thought and that HRT has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, reducing coronary disease and all-cause mortality.\nIn December 2020, the American Heart Association (AHA) revised its guidelines and now states that the transition of menopause itself, independent of chronological and ovarian aging, leads to increased cardiovascular risk and mortality.\nLess than two years later, the European Society of Cardiology issued a release stating that hormonal changes during menopause are directly related to a decline in cardiovascular health. The announcement referred to a new study that linked hormonal changes during menopause to metabolic alterations that promote heart disease.\nMenopausal HRT plays a positive role in the lipid profiles of postmenopausal women. Two 2022 studies showed HRT significantly decreased the levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and Lp(a) compared with placebo or no treatment and improved most of the cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, lipid profiles, blood sugar levels, and arterial hypertension.\nSo…HRT is good?\nThe American Heart Association’s updated 2020 clinical recommendations focused on the role of lifestyle interventions—such as eating healthily and exercising, using lipid-lowering medications when needed, and taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT)—for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in menopausal women.\nBottom line: Hormone replacement therapy initiated early among patients with premature or surgical menopause and within 10 years of natural menopause is associated with cardiovascular benefit. The magnitude and type of HRT-associated risks, including breast cancer, stroke, and venous thromboembolism are rare (<10 events per 10,000 women), not unique to HRT, and comparable with other medications.\nWhat about men?\nLow hormone levels affect the guys, too. After forty, men’s testosterone levels typically begin to decrease and as a result, the risks for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular health increase. Low T levels in men may increase risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD), metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes.\nBut which hormones are best?\nDifferent formulations, doses, and routes of delivery of hormone therapy have different effects on cardiometabolic markers and cardiovascular risk. For example, transdermal estrogens have less effect on blood clotting, inflammation, lipids, and triglyceride concentrations than oral estrogens, and they pose a lower risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke than oral estrogens. Micronized progesterone has no effect on the risk of venous thromboembolism, whereas other progestogens and progestins cause an increase in risk.\nYour compounding pharmacist can work with you and your healthcare provider to test your hormone levels to figure out which ones need replacing. Using that information, along with your bothersome symptoms, your compounding pharmacist can work with your prescriber to create a customized hormone replacement therapy that is right for you.\n- Iyer TK, Hirsch H. Clinical impact of 2020 American Heart Association statement on menopause and cardiovascular disease risk. Cleve Clin J Med. 2022 Jan 4;89(1):13-17. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.89a.21031. PMID: 34983797.\n- Hormonal changes during menopause are directly related to decline in cardiovascular health. EurekAlert. News release. May 13, 2022. Accessed May 13, 2022. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/952200\n- Cagnacci A, Venier M. The Controversial History of Hormone Replacement Therapy. Medicina (Kaunas). 2019;55(9):602. Published 2019 Sep 18. doi:10.3390/medicina55090602\n- Hodis HN, Mack WJ. Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and Reduction of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease: It Is About Time and Timing. Cancer J. 2022 May-Jun 01;28(3):208-223. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000591. PMID: 35594469; PMCID: PMC9178928.\n- Correspondence to Dr Ritu Thamman, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; email@example.com http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-318390 Statistics from Altmetric.com https://heart.bmj.com/content/107/14/1106.long\n- Armeni E, Lambrinoudaki I. Androgens and cardiovascular disease in women and men. Maturitas. 2017 Oct;104:54-72. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.07.010. Epub 2017 Jul 29. PMID: 28923177.\n- Çatakoğlu AB, Kendirci M. Testosterone replacement therapy and cardiovascular events. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2017 Oct;45(7):664-672. Doi: 10.5543/tkda.2017.00531. PMID: 28990951.\n- Goodale T, Sadhu A, Petak S, Robbins R. Testosterone and the Heart. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 2017 Apr-Jun;13(2):68-72. doi: 10.14797/mdcj-13-2-68. PMID: 28740585; PMCID: PMC5512682.\n- Corona G, Torres LO, Maggi M. Testosterone Therapy: What We Have Learned From Trials. J Sex Med. 2020 Mar;17(3):447-460. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.11.270. Epub 2020 Jan 9. PMID: 31928918.\n- Kharaba ZJ, Buabeid MA, Ibrahim NA, Jirjees FJ, Obaidi HJA, Kaddaha A, Khajehkarimoddini L, Alfoteih Y. Testosterone therapy in hypogonadal patients and the associated risks of cardiovascular events. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Sep;129:110423. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110423. Epub 2020 Jun 20. PMID: 32570122.\n- Anagnostis P, Paschou SA, Katsiki N, Krikidis D, Lambrinoudaki I, Goulis DG. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Risk: Where are we Now? Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2019;17(6):564-572. doi: 10.2174/1570161116666180709095348. PMID: 29984659.\n- Shufelt CL, Manson JE. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of Formulation, Dose, and Route of Delivery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Apr 23;106(5):1245-1254. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab042. PMID: 33506261; PMCID: PMC8063246.\n- Anagnostis P, Lambrinoudaki I, Stevenson JC, Goulis DG. Menopause-associated risk of cardiovascular disease. Endocr Connect. 2022 Apr 22;11(4):e210537. doi: 10.1530/EC-21-0537. PMID: 35258483; PMCID: PMC9066596. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35258483/\n- Nie G, Yang X, Wang Y, Liang W, Li X, Luo Q, Yang H, Liu J, Wang J, Guo Q, Yu Q, Liang X. The Effects of Menopause Hormone Therapy on Lipid Profile in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 12;13:850815. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.850815. PMID: 35496275; PMCID: PMC9039020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35496275/\n- Bińkowska M. Menopausal hormone therapy and venous thromboembolism. Prz Menopauzalny. 2014 Oct;13(5):267-72. doi: 10.5114/pm.2014.46468. Epub 2014 Nov 2. PMID: 26327865; PMCID: PMC4520375.\n- Sobel TH, Shen W. Transdermal estrogen therapy in menopausal women at increased risk for thrombotic events: a scoping review. Menopause. 2022 Jan 14;29(4):483-490. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001938. PMID: 35357370. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35357370/\n- Gialeraki A, Valsami S, Pittaras T, Panayiotakopoulos G, Politou M. Oral Contraceptives and HRT Risk of Thrombosis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2018 Mar;24(2):217-225. doi: 10.1177/1076029616683802. Epub 2017 Jan 4. PMID: 28049361; PMCID: PMC6714678. Stephenson K, Neuenschwander PF, Kurdowska AK. The effects of compounded bioidentical transdermal hormone therapy on hemostatic, inflammatory, immune factors; cardiovascular biomarkers; quality-of-life measures; and health outcomes in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Int J Pharm Compd. 2013 Jan-Feb;17(1):74-85. PMID: 23627249. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23627249/\n- Holtorf, Kent. Postgraduate Medicine, Volume 121, Issue 1, January 2009, ISSN – 0032‐ 5481, e‐ISSN – 1941‐9260. The bioidentical hormone debate: are bioidentical hormones (estradiol, estriol, and progesterone) safer or more efficacious than commonly used synthetic versions in hormone replacement therapy? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19179815/\n- Plu-Bureau G, Mounier-Vehier C. Traitement hormonal de ménopause et risque cardiovasculaire. RPC Les femmes ménopausées du CNGOF et du GEMVi [Menopausal hormone therapy an cardiovascular risk. Postmenopausal women management: CNGOF and GEMVi clinical practice guidelines]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol. 2021 May;49(5):438-447. French. doi: 10.1016/j.gofs.2021.03.017. Epub 2021 Mar 20. PMID: 33757923.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.optionsoutpatient.com/alcohol-related-liver-disease/", "date": "2021-07-26T14:16:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046152129.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20210726120442-20210726150442-00153.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9437316656112671, "token_count": 371, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__179540235", "lang": "en", "text": "Facts about Alcohol-Related Liver Disease\nAs noted by the American Liver Foundation, alcohol-related liver disease is a “common, but preventable disease” caused by “excessive consumption of alcohol.” There are three types of liver disease caused by excessive alcohol consumption:\n- Fatty liver\n- Alcoholic hepatitis\n- Alcohol-related cirrhosis\nIf caught early enough, liver damage may be reversed if a person stops drinking. Otherwise, most heavy drinkers will develop some form of liver cancer. The most common alcohol-related liver disorder is fatty liver. It is when an excess of fat builds up around the liver. The condition is preventable, as are all other forms of alcohol-related liver disease and can be reversed through abstinence from alcohol.\nContinued heavy alcohol consumption can lead to alcoholic hepatitis. “Alcoholic hepatitis is an inflammation, or swelling, of the liver accompanied by the destruction of liver cells.” Complications from this form of liver disease can be life-threatening. Over 1/3 of heavy drinkers will develop alcoholic hepatitis.\nThe most severe form of alcohol-related liver disease is alcohol-related cirrhosis. Cirrhosis occurs when nonliving scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue. People who have been drinking heavily for 10 years or more are at a greater risk for developing alcohol-related cirrhosis. Symptoms of this disease can be fatal including high blood pressure in the liver, bleeding from veins in the esophagus and an accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.\nIf you suspect you have liver damage, you should be seen by a doctor immediately. Stopping drinking may help reverse some of the effects that alcohol can have on the liver. It is important to speak with a medical professional if you are a heavy drinker or engage in binge drinking regularly.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://brain-of-tumors.hmcneurocenter.com/doctors/doctor-sagi-arnoff/", "date": "2020-02-22T21:16:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145729.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20200222211056-20200223001056-00436.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8824698328971863, "token_count": 468, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__9970499", "lang": "en", "text": "Doctor Sagi Arnoff\nNeurosurgeon of the Highest Qualification Category\nDoctor Sagi Arnoff is one of the world’s largest specialists in the field of neurosurgery, which owns all the modern technology in his speciality. Besides, he conducts a scientific activity, publishes numerous scientific articles and participates in international symposia in the area of neurosurgery.\n- Neurosurgeon of the Highest Qualification Category.\n- Correction of facial bones and the skull, endoscopic skull base and pituitary surgeries.\n- Treatment of aneurysms, vascular defects, cavernous malformations, intracranial haemorrhage.\n- Treatment of benign tumors.\n- Trigeminal neuralgia surgery (Fothergill’s disease).\n- Brain vessels surgeries.\n- 2007 – till present time: Neurosurgeon and Deputy Head of the Neurosurgery Department.\n- 2005 – 2007: MD-PhD student at the Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment at the University of Virginia School of Medicine.\n- 1998-2004: neurosurgeon and an Emergency Room Physician, then a senior neurosurgeon.\n- Graduated from Tel-Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine.\n- Specialization in the largest Israeli clinic “Sheba Medical Center”.\n- Training in the clinic at the University of Pittsburgh (USA).\n- Training in Barcelona clinic – specialization in endoscopic neurosurgery.\n- Training in Virginia University (USA) during two years, where he specialised in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with the brain vessels.\nAcademic work experience\n- 2007 – present: Visiting Professor at the University of Virginia Medical Faculty, USA.\n- Dr. Sagi Arnoff is the author and co-author of a large number of scientific papers and articles published in peer-reviewed scientific journals of neurosurgery.\nMemberships in professional organizations\n- Member of the European Research Network on Intracerebral Haemorrhage (EURONICH).\n- The honorary member of Focused Ultrasound (FUS) Foundation, which develops treatments using image-guided focused ultrasound.\n- Member of Israel Neurosurgical Society.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.worldkigong.com/post/meridian-kyung-rak-and-organ-functions", "date": "2024-04-23T01:30:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818452.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423002028-20240423032028-00860.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.843902051448822, "token_count": 518, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__26243848", "lang": "en", "text": "In traditional oriental medicine, the term “organ” refers both to the physical organ and the energetic functions related to that organ. There are 12 main organs in traditional oriental medicine, each has a Um and Yang pair, as shown in the table below. Um OrganYang Organ Lung Large Intestine Spleen Stomach Heart Small Intestine Kidney Bladder Pericardium Triple Warmer Liver Gall Bladder Extraordinary Meridians Conception Vessel Governing Vessel\nThe Ki flow through the twelve main meridians is as follows:\nLung → Large Intestine → Stomach → Spleen\nHeart → Small Intestine → Bladder → Kidney\nPericardium → Triple Warmer → Gall Bladder → Liver\nEach of the twelve main meridians is arranged in one of three meridian circuits. The energy in each meridian circuit follows a path of Chest → Hand → Face → Foot → Chest. For example, the first circuit is the Lung → Large Intestine → Stomach → Spleen. In this case, the lung transfers Ki from the chest out to the hand, the large intestine transfers Ki from the hand to the face, the stomach transfers Ki from the face to the foot, and the spleen transfers Ki from the foot back to the chest.\nThinking of the energetic functions of an organ greatly enhances the understanding of Ki Gong. Primary energetic functions for a variety of organs are shown in the table below. OrganEnergetic Functions Lung Governing Ki and controlling respiration Controlling, disseminating, and descending Regulating the water passages Houses the emotional animal mind/spirit Spleen Produces Ki and Blood from food Controls Blood (holds blood in the vessels) Controls Raising Ki Houses intellectual mind/spirit Heart Governs blood and blood vessels House the spirit (seen in complexion) Governs sweating Kidney Stores Chung (essence) and dominates reproduction, growth and development Produces bone marrow Dominates water Controls the reception of Ki Houses the will power mind/spirit Liver Stores Blood Maintains free flow of Ki (seen in nails) Houses the aspect of mind associated with higher order emotions love, trust, integrity, wisdom Stomach Controls rotting and ripening of food Controls descending\nIn addition to the stomach, which is described in the table above, the function of other Yang organs relates to the separation of nutrients and waste. Problems with Yang organs can result in pain in the distribution of that organ’s meridian and/or eventual dysfunction in its Um-related organ.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.gidoc.md/conditions/acid-reflux-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-gerd", "date": "2020-01-29T05:50:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579251788528.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20200129041149-20200129071149-00413.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9242290258407593, "token_count": 205, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__232980581", "lang": "en", "text": "Acid Reflux/Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)\nAcid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux, occurs when the stomach contents back up (or reflux) into the esophagus and mouth. Reflux is\na normal process that typically does not cause complications. However, people with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) experience bothersome\nsymptoms as a result of the reflux.\nSymptoms can include heartburn, regurgitation, vomiting, and difficulty or pain with swallowing. The reflux of stomach acid can adversely affect\nthe vocal cords, causing hoarseness, or even inhaled into the lungs. Click here to view lifestyle changes that can help control symptoms of GERD.\nTreatment usually begins with over-the-counter medications to control acid. If you do not experience relief within a few weeks, your doctor may\nrecommend other treatments, including prescription medications or surgery.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://permaculturedesignreview.com/2012/04/26/stinging-nettles-harvesting-eating-cooking-permies-com/", "date": "2018-10-19T02:52:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583512268.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20181019020142-20181019041642-00533.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8848680853843689, "token_count": 193, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__183301704", "lang": "en", "text": "Stinging nettles in a nutshell:\n- They lose their sting in the first 30 seconds of cooking.\n- They have more protein than any other edible plant I know of\n- They will satisfy my hamburger cravings.\n- Harvest for eating before they are knee high.\n- The seeds and roots have medicinal value.\n- In the fall they can be used to make cordage – especially good for water cordage, like nets hence the name.\n- Possibly the easiest plant food to dry and save for later\nRead more and see more videos via Permies.com: stinging nettles: harvesting, eating, cooking.\n- Stinging Nettle Recipes Beyond Soup & Tea (eatdrinkbetter.com)\n- Foraging Gourmet Cuisine From Nature’s Bounty (readyforanythingstore.net)\n- Stinging Nettle Pesto (marksdailyapple.com)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://capitaleap.org/understanding-early-onset-alzheimers-disease-and-helpful-tips/", "date": "2024-02-23T21:01:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474445.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223185223-20240223215223-00178.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9247759580612183, "token_count": 1309, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__38205662", "lang": "en", "text": "June is Alzheimer’s and Brain Awareness Month. According to Alzheimer’s Association’s report, there are 6.5 million Americans who are living with Alzheimer’s disease, the number is expected to reach 13 million by 2050. Most older adults who are older than age 65 are living with Alzheimer’s disease, however, Alzheimer’s disease is not considered a normal part of aging. Hence, not all older adults who are above age 65 will develop Alzheimer’s disease. As a matter of fact, some adults who are younger than age 65 can develop Alzheimer’s disease as well, it is called early-onset Alzheimer’s.\nMany older adults with Alzheimer’s disease may not be aware of their symptoms. Research has shown that individuals with Alzheimer’s disease may experience damage to the brain that starts a decade before symptoms show. The table below indicates the behavioral and personality changes of Alzheimer’s disease in different stages:\n|Mild Alzheimer’s Disease\n|Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease\n|Severe Alzheimer’s Disease\n|Increased memory loss and confusion\n|Inability to communicate\n|Poorer judgment that can cause bad decisions\n|Inability to learn new things\n|Shortened attention span\n|Losing things or misplacing items\n|Difficulty organizing thoughts\n|Taking longer time to complete tasks\n|Difficulty recognizing family and friends\n|Increased anxiety and/or aggression\n|Restlessness, anxiety, tearfulness, agitation\n|Groaning, grunting, or moaning\n|Tendency to wander and get lost\n|Hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia\n|Loss of bowel and bladder control\n|Starting to show mood and personality changes\n|Difficulty carrying out multistep tasks\nEarly-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease\nWhile Alzheimer’s disease may be a common medical condition for many older adults, the uncommon form of dementia that affects people who are younger than age 65 is considered early-onset Alzheimer’s. There are about 5% to 6% of people experience young-onset Alzheimer’s symptoms between age 30 and 60. Although research still has not found a reliable explanation to prove the causes of young-onset Alzheimer’s disease, researchers have found that it is very unlikely (could still be possible) that young-onset Alzheimer’s disease is caused by genetic factors. Individuals who have a family history of Alzheimer’s disease do not necessarily indicate that there is a gene mutation that could cause Alzheimer’s disease in future generations. On the other hand, a lack of family history of Alzheimer’s disease does not prevent individuals to not developing early-onset Alzheimer’s disease either.\nThe symptoms of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease closely mirror the symptoms of other forms of Alzheimer’s disease:\n- Forgetting important dates and things\n- Repetitively asking for the same information\n- Misplacing things and not being able to retrace steps to find things\n- Noticing changes in mood and personality\n- Losing track of time/location/date\nUnfortunately, experts are not entirely sure if there is an actual way to prevent Alzheimer’s disease, it is recommended to look for any of the early warning signs and seek professional consultation from your healthcare provider. However, there are other treatments and lifestyle changes that can be made to slow down the progress of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Research has identified several risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease to look out for, these include high body mass index (BMI), depression, stress, diabetes, and smoking. Many studies also mentioned that lifestyle factors are shown to correlate with a reduction in Alzheimer’s disease rates, but no proven Alzheimer’s prevention strategies are found.\nTo slow down the progress of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease, here are some ways you can consider:\nIncrease physical activity\n- Researchers found that higher physical activity is linked to less cognitive decline. At least 150 minutes per week of moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity are recommended. Physical activity plays a significant role in one’s health, as well as emphasizing the importance of healthy aging.\nChange of diet\n- Nutrition pairs well with physical activity; studies have shown that the combination of both can potentially change the trajectory of developing cognitive impairment and dementia. Some recommended diets that have well-known health benefits are Mediterranean and DASH, which are designed to help slow brain decline.\n- Brain-Healthy Food that you should add to your plates includes green leafy vegetables, whole grains, fish, olive oil, nuts, berries, and beans.\n- Combinations of Foods that may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s symptoms: sugary snacks, starches (i.e. potato), processed meat\nEngage in strength-building activities\n- Activities that can build your strength tend to work your major muscles, which helps to control the sugar level in your blood and reduce the risk of diabetes. It is recommended to do strength-building activities on at least two or more days each week. Strength-building activities to consider are yoga, Tai Chi, dancing, lifting weights (which could be heavy objects in the home), heavy gardening, push-ups, and sit-ups.\nKeep yourself mentally and socially active\n- Stress and depression are two risk factors mentioned that could lead to Alzheimer’s disease, hence, it is important to engage in mental and social activities to build up the brain ability to cope with stress and improve mood.\n- Find activities that can challenge your brain and do them regularly to provide mental stimulation. Consider trying puzzles, crosswords, quizzes, card games, and board games. Other activities that require your creativity and are good for the brain include arts and crafts, reading books, and creative writing/journaling.\n- Social activities are good for the brain; when you have a conversation with someone, it helps to exercise a range of your mental skills. Some conversational actions that involve mind engagement are actively listening, expressing empathy, evaluating people’s words, and recalling things when it’s your turn to share.\nFor more information on Early-onset Alzheimer’s:\nBy: Jessica Lau, MHC", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://alainaandbella.blogspot.com/2010/03/march-is-endometriosis-awareness-month.html", "date": "2019-09-19T05:15:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573439.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20190919040032-20190919062032-00344.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9427761435508728, "token_count": 1724, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__185574138", "lang": "en", "text": "Backed by Congressional legislation, the Endometriosis Research Center is again celebrating March as “Endometriosis Awareness Month” in honor of all those affected by the disease. I'm not a doctor, but I do suffer from this disease, and I have done my research. This is just a post to tell you what Endometriosis is, in hopes that I might be able to help you or somebody that you know.\nWhat is endometriosis?\nEndometriosis is the growth of cells similar to those that form the inside of the uterus (endometrial cells), but in a location outside of the uterus. Endometrial cells are the same cells that are shed each month during menstruation. The cells of endometriosis attach themselves to tissue outside the uterus and are called endometriosis implants. These implants are most commonly found on the ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, outer surfaces of the uterus or intestines, and on the surface lining of the pelvic cavity. They can also be found in the vagina, cervix, and bladder, although less commonly than other locations in the pelvis. Rarely, endometriosis implants can occur outside the pelvis, on the liver, in old surgery scars, and even in or around the lung or brain. Endometrial implants, while they can cause problems, are benign.\nWho is affected by endometriosis?\nEndometriosis affects women in their reproductive years. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is not known, since many women may have the condition and have no symptoms. Endometriosis is estimated to affect over one million women (estimates range from 3% to 18% of women) in the United States. It is one of the leading causes of pelvic pain and reasons for laparoscopic surgery and hysterectomy in this country. While most cases of endometriosis are diagnosed in women aged around 25-35 years, endometriosis has been reported in girls as young as 11 years of age. Endometriosis is rare in postmenopausal women. Endometriosis is more commonly found in white women as compared with African American and Asian women. Studies further suggest that endometriosis is most common in taller, thin women with a low body mass index (BMI). Delaying pregnancy until an older age is also believed to increase the risk of developing endometriosis.\nWhat are endometriosis symptoms?\nMost women who have endometriosis, in fact, do not have symptoms. Of those who do experience symptoms, the common symptoms are pain (usually pelvic) and infertility. Pelvic pain usually occurs during or just before menstruation and lessens after menstruation. Some women experience pain or cramping with intercourse, bowel movements and/or urination. Even pelvic examination by a doctor can be painful. The pain intensity can change from month to month, and vary greatly among women. Some women experience progressive worsening of symptoms, while others can have resolution of pain without treatment.\nPelvic pain in women with endometriosis depends partly on where the implants of endometriosis are located.\n•Deeper implants and implants in areas with many pain-sensing nerves may be more likely to produce pain.\n•The implants may also produce substances that circulate in the bloodstream and cause pain.\n•Lastly, pain can result when endometriosis implants form scars. There is no relationship between severity of pain and how widespread the endometriosis is (the \"stage\" of endometriosis).\nEndometriosis can be one of the reasons for infertility in otherwise healthy couples. When laparoscopic examinations are performed for infertility evaluations, endometrial implants can be found in some of these patients, many of whom may not have painful symptoms of endometriosis. The reasons for a decrease in fertility are not completely understood, but might be due to both anatomic and hormonal factors. The presence of endometriosis may involve masses of tissue or scarring (adhesions) within the pelvis that may distort normal anatomical structures, such as Fallopian tubes, which transport the eggs from the ovaries. Alternatively, endometriosis may affect fertility through the production of hormones and other substances that have a negative effect on ovulation, fertilization of the egg, and/or implantation of the embryo.\nOther symptoms related to endometriosis include:\n•lower abdominal pain,\n•diarrhea and/or constipation,\n•low back pain,\n•irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding, or\n•blood in the urine.\nRare symptoms of endometriosis include chest pain or coughing blood due to endometriosis in the lungs and headache and/or seizures due to endometriosis in the brain.\nEndometriosis and cancer risk\nWomen with endometriosis have a mildly increased risk for development of certain types of cancer of the ovary, known as epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). This risk seems to be highest in women with endometriosis and primary infertility (those who have never borne a child), but the use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), which are sometimes used in the treatment of endometriosis, appears to significantly reduce this risk.\nThe reasons for the association between endometriosis and ovarian epithelial cancer are not clearly understood. One theory is that the endometriosis implants themselves undergo transformation to cancer. Another possibility is that the presence of endometriosis may be related to other genetic or environmental factors that also increase a women's risk of developing ovarian cancer.\nHow is endometriosis diagnosed?\nEndometriosis can be suspected based on symptoms of pelvic pain and findings during physical examinations in the doctor's office. Occasionally, during a rectovaginal exam (one finger in the vagina and one finger in the rectum), the doctor can feel nodules (endometrial implants) behind the uterus and along the ligaments that attach to the pelvic wall. At other times, no nodules are felt, but the examination itself causes unusual pain or discomfort.\nUnfortunately, neither the symptoms nor the physical examinations can be relied upon to conclusively establish the diagnosis of endometriosis. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, can be helpful in ruling out other pelvic diseases and may suggest the presence of endometriosis in the vaginal and bladder areas, but still cannot definitively diagnose endometriosis. For an accurate diagnosis, a direct visual inspection inside of the pelvis and abdomen, as well as tissue biopsy of the implants are necessary.\nAs a result, the only accurate way of diagnosing endometriosis is at the time of surgery, either by opening the belly with large-incision laparotomy or small-incision laparoscopy.\nLaparoscopy is the most common surgical procedure for the diagnosis of endometriosis. Laparoscopy is a minor surgical procedure done under general anesthesia, or in some cases under local anesthesia. It is usually performed as an out-patient procedure (the patient going home the same day). Laparoscopy is performed by first inflating the abdomen with carbon dioxide through a small incision in the navel. A long, thin viewing instrument (laparoscope) is then inserted into the inflated abdominal cavity to inspect the abdomen and pelvis. Endometrial implants can then be directly seen.\nDuring laparoscopy, biopsies (removal of tiny tissue samples for examination under a microscope) can also be performed for a diagnosis. Sometimes biopsies obtained during laparoscopy show endometriosis even though no endometrial implants are seen during laparoscopy.\nPelvic ultrasound and laparoscopy are also important in excluding malignancies (such as ovarian cancer) that can cause symptoms that mimic endometriosis symptoms\nHow is endometriosis treated?\nBefore I give you treatment options, I have to tell you- there is no cure. Endometriosis can be treated with medications and/or surgery. The goals of endometriosis treatment may include pain relief and/or enhancement of fertility.\nIf you think you may have this disease, please contact your doctor. God Bless!\nFriday, March 12, 2010\nPosted by Unknown at 1:22 AM", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.allaroundyou.net/photo/sundew-flowers-1?context=latest", "date": "2013-05-22T18:50:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702298845/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110458-00095-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9398233890533447, "token_count": 111, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__10920150", "lang": "en", "text": "A home for creative community media.\nA beautiful shot of Drosera Pallida flowers. Drosera Pallida is a fascinating climbing sundew. Like all sundews it is a carnivorous plant that lures it's prey in by sweet smelling leaves that are coated in a sticky secretion. However this particular species of Drosera uses its sticky pad-like leaves to climb higher in the foliage. Its flowers are held far above the bud-luring leaves to avoid pollinating insects becoming ensnared by the plant.\nAdd a Comment", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://doginfo411.com/labrador-retriever/", "date": "2018-01-18T23:22:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084887660.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20180118230513-20180119010513-00730.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.95636385679245, "token_count": 4331, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__47571639", "lang": "en", "text": "The Labrador Retriever, also Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog. The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in the United Kingdom and the United States.\nA favorite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog and perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies. They are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.\nThe foundational breed of what is now the Labrador Retriever was known as the St. John's water dog, St. John's dog, or Lesser Newfoundland. When the dogs were later brought to England, they were named after the geographic area known as \"the Labrador\" (they were known as Labrador Retrievers because they \"retrieved\" in the Labrador Sea) or simply Labrador to distinguish them from the larger Newfoundland breed, even though the breed was from the more southern Avalon Peninsula.\nThe progenitors of the Labrador retriever were actually from Newfoundland and Labrador exceptionally, the breed known as the Newfoundland was created near the same time in Labrador. The two breeds' names and origins were mixed once moved into England and the Americas. The dog from Labrador became the large, long furred dog we see and know today, and the dog from Newfoundland became the Labrador.\nIn the early years of the breed through to the mid-20th century, Labradors of a shade we would now call \"yellow\" were in fact a dark, almost butterscotch, color (visible in early yellow Labrador photographs). The shade was known as \"Golden\" until required to be changed by the UK Kennel Club, on the grounds that \"Gold\" was not actually a color. Over the 20th century a preference for far lighter shades of yellow through to cream prevailed, until today most yellow Labradors are of this shade. Also fawn has been a common color in the yellow lab variety.\nInterest in the darker shades of gold and fox red were re-established by English breeders in the 1980s, and three dogs were instrumental in this change: Balrion King Frost (black, born c. 1976) who consistently sired \"very dark yellow\" offspring and is credited as having \"the biggest influence in the re-development of the fox red shade\", and his great-grandson, the likewise famous Wynfaul Tabasco (b. 1986), described as \"the father of the modern fox red Labrador\", and the only modern fox red Show Champion in the UK. Other dogs, such as Red Alert and Scrimshaw Placido Flamingo, are also credited with passing on the genes into more than one renowned bloodline.\nJack Vanderwyk traces the origins of all Chocolate Labradors listed on the LabradorNet database (some 34,000 Labrador dogs of all shades) to eight original bloodlines. However, the shade was not seen as a distinct color until the 20th century; before then according to Vanderwyk, such dogs can be traced but were not registered. A degree of crossbreeding with Flatcoat or Chesapeake Bay retrievers was also documented in the early 20th century, prior to recognition. Chocolate Labradors were also well established in the early 20th century at the kennels of the Earl of Feversham, and Lady Ward of Chiltonfoliat.\nThe bloodlines as traced by Vanderwyk each lead back to three black Labradors in the 1880s—Buccleuch Avon (m), and his sire and dam, Malmesbury Tramp (m), and Malmesbury June (f). Morningtown Tobla is also named as an important intermediary, and according to the studbook of Buccleuch Kennels, the chocolates in this kennel came through FTW Peter of Faskally (1908).\nLabradors are medium-large, with males typically weighing 65–80 lb (29–36 kg) and females 55–71 lb (25–32 kg). Labradors weighing close to or over 100 lb (45 kg) are considered obese or having a major fault under American Kennel Club standards, although some Labradors weigh significantly more. The majority of the characteristics of this breed, with the exception of colour, are the result of breeding to produce a working retriever.\nAs with some other breeds, the Conformation (typically \"Show\", \"English\" or \"bench\") and the Field (typically \"Working\" or \"American\") lines differ, although both lines are bred in both countries. In general, however, Conformation Labradors tend to be bred as medium-sized dogs, shorter and stockier with fuller faces and a slightly calmer nature than their Field counterparts, which are often bred as taller, lighter-framed dogs, with slightly less broad faces and a slightly longer nose. However, Field Labradors should still be proportional and fit within American Kennel Club standards. With Field Labradors, excessively long noses, thin heads, long legs, and lanky frames are not considered standard. These two types are informal and not codified or standardised; no distinction is made by the AKC or other kennel clubs, but the two types come from different breeding lines. Australian stock also exists; though not seen in the West, they are common in Asia. These dogs are also very good with children.\nThe breed tends to shed hair twice annually or regularly throughout the year in temperate climates. Some Labradors shed considerably; however, individual Labradors vary. Labrador hair is usually short and straight, and the tail is quite broad and strong. The webbed toes of the Labrador Retriever make them excellent swimmers. The webbing between their toes can also serve as a \"snowshoe\" in colder climates and keep snow from balling up between their toes—a condition that can be painful to other breeds with hair between the toes. Their interwoven coat is also relatively waterproof, providing more assistance for swimming.\nOfficial breed standards\nThere is a great deal of variety among Labradors. The following characteristics are typical of the conformation show bred (bench-bred) lines of this breed in the United States and are based on the American Kennel Club standard. Significant differences between UK and US standards are noted.\n- Size: Labradors are a medium-large breed. They should be as long from the withers to the base of the tail as they are from the floor to the withers. Males should stand 22–24 inches (56–61 cm) tall at the withers and weight 65–80 lb (29–36 kg). Females should stand 22–23 inches (56–58 cm) and weigh 55–71 lb (25–32 kg). By comparison under UK Kennel Club standards, height should be 22–24 inches (56–61 cm) for males, and 22–23 inches (56–58 cm) for females.\n- Coat: The Labrador Retriever's coat should be short and dense, but not wiry. The coat is water-resistant, so the dog does not get cold when taking to water in the winter. That means that the dog naturally has a slightly dry, oily coat. Acceptable colours are black, yellow, and chocolate.\n- Head: The head should be broad with slightly pronounced eyebrows. The eyes should be kind and expressive. Appropriate eye colours are brown and hazel. The lining around the eyes should be black. The ears should hang close to the head and set slightly above the eyes.\n- Jaws: The jaws should be strong and powerful. The muzzle should be of medium length and should not be too tapered. The jaws should hang slightly and curve gracefully back.\n- Body: The body should have a powerful and muscular build.\nThe tail and coat are designated \"distinctive [or distinguishing] features\" of the Labrador by both the Kennel Club and AKC. The AKC adds that \"true Labrador Retriever temperament is as much a hallmark of the breed as the 'otter' tail.\"\nLabrador Retrievers are registered in three colors: black (a solid black colour), yellow (considered from cream to fox-red), and chocolate (medium to dark brown). Some dogs are sold as silver pure-bred Labradors, but purity of those bloodlines is currently disputed by breed experts including breed clubs and breed councils. Some major kennel clubs around the world allow silver Labradors to be registered, but not as silver. The Kennel Club (England) requires that they be registered as \"Non-recognized.” Occasionally, Labradors will exhibit small amounts of white fur on their chest, paws, or tail, and rarely a purebred Lab will exhibit brindling stripes or tan points similar to a Rottweiler. These markings are a disqualification for show dogs but do not have any bearing on the dog's temperament or ability to be a good working or pet dog.\nPuppies of all colours can potentially occur in the same litter. Color is determined primarily by three genes. The first gene (the B locus) determines the density of the coat's eumelanin pigment granules, if that pigment is allowed: dense granules result in a black coat, sparse ones give a chocolate coat. The second (E) locus determines whether the eumelanin is produced at all. A dog with the recessive e allele will produce only phaeomelanin pigment and will be yellow regardless of its genotype at the B locus. The genes known about previously have had their number increased by the introduction of the K locus, where the dominant \"black\" allele KB is now known to reside. Black or chocolate Labradors therefore must have the KB allele. Yellow Labradors are determined at the E locus, so the K locus is irrelevant in determining their colour. Variations in numerous other genes control the subtler details of the coat's colouration, which in yellow Labradors varies from white to light gold to a fox red. Chocolate and black Labradors' noses will match the coat colour.\nAccording to a 2011 study, 13 out of 245 Labradors studied were heterozygous for the M264V mutation responsible for the melanistic mask, and one was homozygous. Within the breed, this trait is not visible.\nNose and skin pigmentation\nLabrador coloration is controlled by multiple genes. It is possible for recessive genes to re-emerge in later generations. Also, there can sometimes be unexpected pigmentation effects to different parts of the body. Pigmentation effects appear in regard to yellow Labradors, and sometimes chocolate, and hence the majority of this section covers pigmentation within the yellow Labrador. The most common places where pigmentation is visible are the nose, lips, gums, feet, tail, and the rims of the eyes, which may be black, brown, light yellow-brown (\"liver\", caused by having two genes for chocolate), or several other colors. A Labrador can carry genes for a different colour, for example a black Labrador can carry recessive chocolate and yellow genes, and a yellow Labrador can carry recessive genes for the other two colours. DNA testing can reveal some aspects of these. Less common pigmentations (other than pink) are a fault, not a disqualification, and hence such dogs are still permitted to be shown.\nThe intensity of black pigment on yellow Labradors is controlled by a separate gene independent of the fur colouring. Yellow Labradors usually have black noses, which may gradually turn pink with age (called \"snow nose\" or \"winter nose\"). This is due to a reduction in the enzyme tyrosinase which indirectly controls the production of melanin, a dark colouring. Tyrosinase is temperature dependent—hence light coloration can be seasonal, due to cold weather—and is less produced with increasing age two years old onwards. As a result, the nose color of most yellow Labradors becomes a somewhat pink shade as they grow older.\nA coloration known as \"Dudley\" is also possible. Dudleys are variously defined as yellow Labradors which have unpigmented (pink) noses (LRC), yellow with liver/chocolate pigmentation (AKC), or \"flesh coloured\" in addition to having the same colour around the rims of the eye, rather than having black or dark brown pigmentation. A yellow Labrador with brown or chocolate pigmentation, for example, a brown or chocolate nose, is not necessarily a Dudley, though according to the AKC's current standard it would be if it has chocolate rims around the eyes (or more accurately of the genotype eebb). Breed standards for Labradors considers a true Dudley to be a disqualifying feature in a conformation show Lab, such as one with a thoroughly pink nose or one lacking in any pigment along with flesh coloured rims around the eyes. True Dudleys are extremely rare. Breeding in order to correct pigmentation often lacks dependability. Because colour is determined by many genes, some of which are recessive, crossbreeding a pigmentation non-standard yellow Labrador to a black Labrador may not correct the matter or prevent future generations carrying the same recessive genes. For similar reasons, crossbreeding chocolate to yellow Labradors is also often avoided.\nShow and field lines\nHead and muzzle appearance: field (left), and show (right), showing the shorter muzzle length, more solid appearance head, and \"pronounced\" stop of the latter.\nThe field Labradors have lighter and slightly narrower heads with longer muzzles.\nAs a result of specialised breeding there are significant differences between field and trial-bred and show-bred lines of Labradors. In the United States the former are sometimes mistakenly referred to as \"American\" and the latter as \"English\" although both field and show types are bred in both countries. In the United Kingdom they are called \"Field\" and \"Show\". Dogs bred for hunting and field-trial work are selected first for working ability, where dogs bred to compete in conformation shows are selected for their conformation to the standards and characteristics sought by judges in the show ring.\nWhile individual dogs may vary, in general show-bred Labradors are heavier built, slightly shorter-bodied, and have a thicker coat and tail. Field Labradors are generally longer legged, lighter, and more lithe in build, making them agile. In the head, show Labradors tend to have broader heads, better defined stops, and more powerful necks, while field Labradors have lighter and slightly narrower heads with longer muzzles. Field-bred Labradors are commonly higher energy and more high-strung compared to the Labrador bred for conformation showing while conformation breeds are calmer in energy, and as a consequence may be more suited to working relationships than being a \"family pet\". Some breeders, especially those specialising in the field type, feel that breed shows do not adequately recognise their type of dog, leading to occasional debate regarding officially splitting the breed into subtypes.\nIn the United States, the American Kennel Club(AKC) and the Labrador's breed club have set the breed standard to accommodate the field-bred Labrador somewhat. For instance, the AKC withers-height standards allow conformation dogs to be slightly taller than the equivalent British standard. However, dual champions, or dogs that excel in both the field and the show ring, are becoming more unusual.\nLabradors have a reputation as a very even-tempered breed and an excellent family dog. This includes a good reputation with children of all ages and other animals. Some lines, particularly those that have continued to be bred specifically for their skills at working in the field (rather than for their appearance), are particularly fast and athletic. Their fun-loving boisterousness and lack of fear may require training and firm handling at times to ensure it does not get out of hand—an uncontrolled adult can be quite problematic. Females may be slightly more independent than males. Labradors mature at around three years of age; before this time they can have a significant degree of puppy-like energy, often mislabelled as being hyperactive. Because of their enthusiasm, leash-training early on is suggested to prevent pulling when full-grown. Labradors often enjoy retrieving a ball endlessly (often obsessively) and other forms of activity (such as agility, frisbee, or flyball).\nAlthough they will sometimes bark at noise, especially noise from an unseen source (\"alarm barking\"), Labradors are usually not noisy or territorial. They are often very easygoing and trusting with strangers and therefore are not usually suitable as guard dogs.\nLabradors have a well-known reputation for appetite, and some individuals may be highly indiscriminate, eating digestible and non-food objects alike. They are persistent and persuasive in requesting food. For this reason, the Labrador owner must carefully control their dog's food intake to avoid obesity and its associated health problems (see below).\nThe steady temperament of Labradors and their ability to learn make them an ideal breed for search and rescue, detection, and therapy work. They are a very intelligent breed. The AKC describes the breed as an ideal family and sporting dog. Their primary working role in the field continues to be that of a hunting retriever.\nLabrador pups generally are not brought to the home before they are 8 weeks old. Their life expectancy is generally 10 to 12 years, and it is a healthy breed with relatively few major problems. Notable issues related to health and well-being include:\nLabradors are somewhat prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, especially the larger dogs,though not as much as some other breeds.\nHip scores are recommended before breeding and often joint supplements are recommended.\nLabradors also suffer from the risk of knee problems. A luxating patella is a common occurrence in the knee where the knee dislocates and goes back into place.\nEye problems are also possible in some Labradors, particularly progressive retinal atrophy, cataracts, corneal dystrophy and retinal dysplasia. Dogs which are intended to be bred should be examined by a veterinary ophthalmologist for an eye score.\nHereditary myopathy, a rare inherited disorder that causes a deficiency in type II muscle fibre. Symptoms include a short stilted gait or \"bunny hopping,\" and in rare cases ventroflexion of the neck accompanied by a kyphotic posture.\nThere is a small incidence of other conditions, such as autoimmune diseases and deafness in Labradors, either congenitally or later in life.\nLabradors often suffer from exercise induced collapse, a syndrome that causes hyperthermia, weakness, collapse, and disorientation after short bouts of exercise.\nOut of all dog breeds it is the Labrador Retriever that is most likely to obese. This obesity has been attributed to a specific gene mutation. See the Obesity sub section below.\nLabradors like to eat, and without proper exercise can become obese. Laziness is a contribution to this. Obesity is a serious condition and can be considered the number one nutritional problem with dogs. A study shows that at least 25% of dogs in the United States are overweight. Therefore, Labradors must be properly exercised and stimulated. A healthy Labrador can do swimming wind sprints for two hours, and should keep a very slight hourglass waist and be fit and light, rather than fat or heavy-set. Obesity can exacerbate conditions such as hip dysplasia and joint problems, and can lead to secondary diseases, including diabetes. Osteoarthritis is very uncommon in older, especially overweight, Labradors. A 14-year study covering 48 dogs by food manufacturer Purina showed that Labradors fed to maintain a lean body shape outlived those fed freely by around two years, emphasising the importance of not over-feeding. Labradors should be walked twice a day for at least half an hour.\nIt has been shown that out of all dog breeds, it is the Labrador Retriever that is most likely to obese. In a 2016 published study it was shown that out of 310 Labradors, most were missing all or parts of the POMC gene. This gene plays a part in appetite regulation as well as indication of the amount of one's stored fat. The study concluded that the absence of that gene had a significant impact on Labrador weight and appetite. The POMC gene mutation is present in only one other breed - the Flat-coated Retriever.\nYellow Labrador Retriever\n|Origin||United Kingdom & Canada|\n|Foundation stock||St. John's water dog|\n|Notes||Provincial mammal of Labrador|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.familydnaroots.com/dna-testing.php", "date": "2017-01-16T17:07:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00320-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9272290468215942, "token_count": 1034, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-04__0__69952710", "lang": "en", "text": "Ancestry DNA Testing\nAncestry DNA Testing, How is it conducted?Ancestry DNA testing is very simple and easy. A DNA kit is sent to you. You take out a swab and gently scrape the inside of your cheeks, put scraping in provided vial, put vial in return packaging and send package back to lab. You will then get your results back in 3 to 4 weeks.\nTypes of Ancestry DNA testingThere are three types of genealogical DNA tests, autosomal (atDNA), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and Y-Chromosome (Y-DNA). Autosomal tests for all ancestry. Y-DNA tests a male along his direct paternal line. mtDNA tests a man or woman along their direct maternal line. We will focus on two types of Ancestry DNA testing, Paternal DNA Testing (yDNA) and Maternal DNA testing (mtDNA). The mother passes on mitochondria (mtDNA) to her children, sons and daughters, while the father passes the yDNA only to his sons. A male can be tested for both paternal yDNA and Mitochondria (mtDNA) DNA test, while the female can only be tested for the Maternal, Mitochondria test (mtDNA). So from a family point of view, if the Father and Mother take the appropriate DNA test, their results can be used for the whole family. If the Father or Mother DNA is not available to take the appropriate test, then the daughter or son of the family could provide all of the necessary information to do DNA genetic research for the family. Likewise, a brother or sister of the family can share their information with the rest of the family. With Family DNA Roots you can have your Ancestry DNA testing performed for your whole family at one low price by purchasing the Family Ancestry DNA test kit.\nAutosomal DNA: 22 chromosome pairs\n- Each parent passes on a random half of their 22 pairs\n- (1 copy of each) to each offspring.\n- Each offspring will have different set of half. Part of ‘Nuclear’ DNA\nGender DNA: X and Y pair together\nSex chromosomes, part of ‘Nuclear’ DNA\n- Males are determined by the fact that they have and “X” and a “Y”\n- Females are determined by the fact that they have 2 “X” (“XX”) and no “Y”\n- Just like the autosomal DNA, each parent give a random half of one of these\n- to each offspring. The mother can only pass on an “X”, but the father either\n- passes on the “X” OR the “Y”. The “X” means child will be female and “Y” male.\n- Male sons will pass the same “Y” copy onto their sons, and so on.\n- The Y chromosome is small, does not really mix with the X and thus does not experience frequent mutations.\nMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Independent\n- Human cells have organelles called mitochondrion that produce energy.\n- These organelles have their own DNA independent of rest of Nuclear DNA.\n- Female ‘eggs’ contain all the cellular material needed, including mitochondrion.\n- Sperm contain ONLY DNA, no mitochondrion.\n- So mtDNA gets passed ONLY from mother to daughter or son.\n- Daughters will in turn pass it on to children, sons will not.\n- mtDNA is small, does not mix with anything, has a lot information on in, and So does not experience frequent mutations.\nA designation used to describe ancestral history of Y chromosome and mtDNA. Each letter and location represents where human migration/settlements and corresponding DNA mutations are estimated to have occurred thousands of years ago.\nWhat do you receive with your Family DNA Testing results?When you receive your kit, you will receive access to your DNA information through a website provided by Family DNA Roots, a certificate displaying your haplogroup, and a certificate displaying your World Wide Ancestry composition. On the website, you will be provided with information about your yDNA and mtDNA haplogroups. A haplogroup is a classification of where you are mapped in the human tree. It looks similar to a tree with the tree trunk being the base and the branches spanning out from the base of the tree. There are haplogroup classifications for both the Maternal and Paternal designations. The haplogroup are labeled using a combination of letters and numbers. For the paternal the 'A' haplogroup is at the root and for the Maternal the 'L0' halopgroup is at the root. The root haplogroups are classified as Scientific Adam and Scientific Eve. Everyone can trace their roots to these two haplogroup types.\nFor a summary of all the services offered by Family DNA Roots, click here", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.kramertree.com/plant-health-care-insect-control.html", "date": "2018-01-19T22:50:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084888302.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20180119224212-20180120004212-00382.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9357694983482361, "token_count": 430, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__196381820", "lang": "en", "text": "The elimination of all plant pests / diseases is not practical given the numerous environmental challenges trees and shrubs face in the urban landscapes we create. At best, controlling insect or disease outbreaks can be accomplished once the problem(s) have been properly identified and a program of actions are undertaken.\nPLANT DISEASE DAMAGE SIGNS\nMany plant diseases are caused by fungi that are fairly specific to a narrow group of plants. Disease damage signs can appear as spotting of leaves, a coating or film over the foliage or branch dieback.\nIPM programs target specific plants with properly identified challenges. In most cases involving foliar disease, a series of foliage protectant applications applied in the spring through early summer is recommended.\nRetaining the leaves on the trees through the growing season allows the plants to reach their full growth potential. Repeated tree canopy defoliation due to foliar disease damage encourages rapid tree decline.\nCommon Diseases that May Occur in the Chicagoland area\nINSECT DAMAGE SIGNS\nPlant damaging insects have fairly predictable damage cycles that are fairly specific to tree species and time frames. Populations of these damaging pests will vary in severity each year depending on factors influencing their development. Feeding insect damage can vary widely in appearance from holes in the leaves, edges being notched, feeding between veins to entire leaves being removed. The type of damage is used as one of the identifying characteristics to determine the species. In many cases the insect will not appear during the daylight hours to feed or it may hide in the adjacent foliage making identification a challenge.\nProper identification of the insect species, life cycle stage and damage are necessary to determine the appropriate control options. In many cases the identified pest doesn't produce a significant amount of damage and control measures are unnecessary.\nDetermination of treatment would be completed by one of our Certified Arborists. Treatment methods recommended are always aimed at supporting best practices for overall tree health.\nCommon insect pests that May Occur in the Chicagoland area\n300 Charles Court\nWest Chicago, Illinois 60185\nMonday – Friday 8am – 4 pm\nSaturday – Closed", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sicb.org/abstracts/the-costs-of-being-the-boss-androgens-and-innate-immunity-in-a-female-dominant-species/", "date": "2023-05-29T21:58:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644913.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529205037-20230529235037-00693.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9337548017501831, "token_count": 345, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__39870815", "lang": "en", "text": "The reproductive benefits and health costs of androgens are well studied in males, but underappreciated in females, despite substantial variation in female androgen production. In the cooperatively breeding meerkat (Suricata suricatta), raised androgens may improve the competitive abilities of dominant females, ensuring their near-exclusive control over reproduction. If, as in the males of some species, female meerkats suffer from androgen-mediated immunosuppression, rank-related differences in androgens could produce rank-related effects on immunocompetence. Previously, we showed that (a) dominant females were the most heavily parasitized group members (Smyth & Drea, 2015), (b) within females, parasitism correlated with fecal androgen concentrations (Smyth et al. in prep), and (c) dominant females routinely have higher concentrations of sex steroids (androstenedione, testosterone, and estradiol) than do subordinates (Davies et al. 2016). Here, in 95 wild meerkats, we evaluated associations between constitutive immunity (bacteria killing ability and hemolytic-complement activity) and sex-steroid concentrations. Males, that show no rank-related differences in sex-steroid concentrations, also showed no rank-related differences in immunocompetence. Compared to subordinate females, however, dominant females were immunocompromised. Because both androstenedione and testosterone, but not estradiol, were strong predictors of constitutive immunity in females, androgens may mediate the health disparity in this female-dominant species. Supported by NSF IOS-1021633.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://lordyen.co.uk/homepage/do-i-have-a-heart-problem", "date": "2020-07-10T00:36:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655902377.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20200709224746-20200710014746-00405.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9432200193405151, "token_count": 623, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__127892746", "lang": "en", "text": "Do You Know The Early Signs Of Heart Disease?\nBeing diagnosed with familial hypercholesterolemia may be distressing, but the earlier it is caught, the earlier treatment can begin in order to prevent further cardiovascular damage. Unfortunately, many individuals who have FH miss the early signs of heart disease because they don’t recognize the earliest symptoms or they mistake them for the symptoms of other, less serious illnesses, often disregarding family history of heart disease. The common misconception that only older adults can have cardiovascular disease is also an issue.\nDon’t Miss the Early Signs of Heart Disease\nThere is a common misconception that minor pain or pain in various parts of the body does not indicate a heart problem. Some people are surprised to discover that not all heart attacks involve massive pain or a collapse that results in the need for an ambulance. In fact, some indicators are so insignificant that people overlook or dismiss them. If you have any of the symptoms below, you should see your doctor and ask him if they could be early signs of heart disease\nThis painful condition is sometimes the precursor to cardiac arrest, although it can also recur for years without triggering any more serious signs. Angina is the most common early warning of cardiovascular disease and can manifest itself in a variety of ways, including a feeling of heaviness in the chest, pain, a squeezing sensation, weight on the chest or a deep pain that causes you to catch your breath. Many people mistake angina for heartburn or indigestion, particularly since the pain is sometimes felt in other areas of the body, including pain in the shoulder, the middle or upper region of the back or even the jaw line.\nMore Early Signs of Heart Disease\nThere are other indications of heart disease that may come and go for months or even years without an individual connecting them with any sort of serious problem such as cardiovascular illness. Among these are dizziness, shortness of breath after exertion or exercise, sweating, a rapid pulse and heart palpitations. Many people dismiss these signs if they are under fifty years of age, particularly if the symptoms come and go.\nA Family History of Early Heart Disease or Heart Attacks\nIf there are other close relatives in your family who are contending with heart disease in any form, it could be a sign of genetic familial hypercholesterolemia. If a parent, sibling or child has been coping with cardiovascular health problems, they and the rest of the family should be tested for FH.\nThe Silent Signs of Heart Disease\nFor some people, the early signs of heart disease aren’t felt or heard, but are discovered as the result of testing of some kind. High cholesterol is one such symptom that can eventually lead to more serious, painful conditions after years of being a silent time bomb. Many health care organizations now recommend that if any man younger than 55 or any woman younger than 65 is diagnosed with heart disease, their immediate family members should be tested for high cholesterol and familial hypercholesterolemia because of the risk associated with a family history of heart disease..", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.southrepps.info/post/2019/01/15/norfolk-wildlife-trust-event", "date": "2021-04-21T04:16:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039508673.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20210421035139-20210421065139-00310.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9078512787818909, "token_count": 141, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__74466508", "lang": "en", "text": "Norfolk Wildlife Trust - Event\nMonday 25 March\n7.30 to 9pm\nSouthrepps Village Hall, Chapel Street, Southrepps, Norfolk, NR11 8NW\nCommon (and not so common) Wildlife\nFrom barn owls to turtle doves, hedgehogs to watervoles this illustrated talk by Gemma Walker (Norfolk Wildlife Trust, Wildlife and Community Officer) will introduce you to some common (and not so common) species associated with Norfolk commons. Discover the natural and unnatural history of some of the species found on Norfolk commons and learn about the new Wildlife in Common project funded by the Heritage Lottery.\nThis talk is free, no need to book.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sacnzs.org.nz/our-expertise/covid-19-response/other-covid-19-work/", "date": "2024-04-25T15:09:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712297295329.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20240425130216-20240425160216-00215.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9350277185440063, "token_count": 919, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__23721015", "lang": "en", "text": "Vaccine strategy modelling\nIn a major collaboration with Prof. Colin R Simpson (Victoria University of Wellington), and leading scientists and academics, ESR provides an interactive dashboard which seeks to forecast the outcomes of a range of possible models for New Zealand's COVID-19 response.\nThe publicly available dashboard, which is available here(external link) considered over 400,000 possible scenarios and provides the user with the ability to change various inputs such as maximum vaccination uptake per age group, minimum age for vaccination and vaccine effectiveness for disease prevention. The dashboard accopanies the study COVID-19 vaccine strategies for Aotearoa New Zealand: a mathematical modelling.(external link)\nESR was the first in New Zealand to sequence the genetic material of SARS CoV-2 from patients (external link)and since then it has become a key tool in our fight against COVID-19.\nESR are able to accept samples for urgent and routine sequencing in Auckland, Wellington, and our Christchurch facility is also able to accept samples for urgent sequencing. For a Q & A on genome sequencing - click here\nWe are undertaking novel research into the testing of wastewater(external link) for the presence of SARS CoV-2. The overall goal long-term is for robust and reliable tools for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage, that can be used to identify any unrecognised COVID-19 infections in New Zealand. We also want to gauge how infectious it is in sewage and the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage.\nESR has a research project exploring whether individuals could give a saliva sample to be tested for SARS-CoV-2. This includes the Air NZ study. This is based on overseas work that suggests that there may be a role for a test that is more comfortable for people, that could therefore be used more frequently. A nasopharyngeal sample is currently the best practice tool for diagnosis, and this is unlikely to change with the introduction of saliva as a sample, but ESR is looking at whether saliva samples could be used in certain settings as a screening tool.\nFlu research ties in COVID-19\nWe have extended our long-established flu research to include COVID-19(external link). Two large-scale and long-term studies, SHIVERS-II and WellKiwis, have expanded to include testing for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.\nWe are collaborating with other organisations to research how we can use novel data sources and machine learning(external link) to predict further outbreaks of COVID-19.\nSerology tests (antibody tests)\nRegarding serology tests (where we look for antibodies from a previous COVID-19 infection), these are becoming more important as the pandemic progresses and we look to find those people who have had the disease but didn’t know they were ill. There are many such tests and understanding the value of various test options will be important in knowing how they can best be applied. ESR has been evaluating several tests. Additionally, we are awaiting ethics around a study in the serology area so keep your eyes peeled for this.\nPotential for foodborne transmission of COVID-19\nESR has contributed to The New Zealand Food Safety Science & Research Centre (NZFSSRC) reports into the potential for foodborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and address industry questions around guidance on management practices. The latest (5th) version of the report(external link) was on Dec 15 2020 and uploaded on 14 Jan.\nExploring opportunities for sewage testing on ships as a tool to screen seafarers for COVID-19\nNew Zealand’s strategy to eliminate COVID-19 from the community carries an explicit requirement to identify and isolate all cases of COVID-19 arriving at the border to prevent incursions into the community. Under the Maritime Border Order (No. 2) 2020, arriving maritime crew may apply to disembark their vessel where all crew members have completed a 14-day isolation/quarantine, have returned a negative nasopharyngeal test, and are free from symptoms of COVID-19. This report [PDF, 1 MB] explores the potential application of sewage testing on ships arriving at the maritime border, as part of New Zealand’s border control processes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://towerdental.ie/treatments/root-canal-treatments/", "date": "2023-09-22T14:55:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506420.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922134342-20230922164342-00567.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9606847167015076, "token_count": 337, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__180134049", "lang": "en", "text": "A root canal treatment is used to save a tooth which otherwise needs to be removed.\nA root canal treatment is necessary when the blood or nerve supply of the tooth (pulp) is infected through decay or injury. In the early stages of the infection you may not experience any pain, but once the pulp becomes infected, the infection may spread through the root canal system of the tooth. This may eventually lead to an abscess which is characterized by an inflamed area in which pus gathers and can cause swelling of the area around the tooth. The symptoms of an abscess can range from a dull ache to severe pain, and the tooth may be quite tender when you bite. If root canal treatment is not done, the infection will eventually spread, and the tooth may need to be removed.\nThe objective of the treatment is to disinfect the root canal(s). The root canal system is then cleaned and filled to prevent any further infection.\nRoot canal treatment is a skilled and time-consuming procedure. Most courses of treatment will involve two or more visits to us. At the first appointment, the infected pulp is cleared, and the infection can be drained. The root canal is then cleaned and shaped ready for the filling. A temporary filling is put in and the tooth is left to settle.\nThe tooth is checked at a later visit and when all the infection has cleared, the canals are obturated and the tooth permanently filled.\nAlso, please note that there are certain cases that if we feel that there may be a complication with your treatment, we may refer you to an endodontist, who is a specialist in particularly complex root canals.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.automotto.com/entry/first-electro-active-polymers-propelled-airship-glides-like-a-fish/", "date": "2015-05-25T23:27:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207928729.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113208-00234-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9529122710227966, "token_count": 278, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-22__0__34092576", "lang": "en", "text": "If you ever think of something flying in a similar way as fish glides in the water, here it is. Made at Empa in collaboration with aeroix GmbH and the Technical University of Berlin, this is the world’s first EAP propelled airship. This fish shaped vehicle is lighter than air and is eight meter in length.\nThe airship has a lightly pressurized helium filled body, which is biologically inspired with Dielectric Elastomer (DE) actuators. DEs act as biological muscles and deforming the body and tail fin in a fish like manner.\nThe actuators on the ship work in an agonist-antagonist configuration. Also, the air ship’s fish like movement is supported by actuators on the either side – if one is activated the parallel one contracts.\nEAPs are activated with frequency, activation voltage and a phase shift between the body and the tail fin movement and the flight is controlled with a joy stick which is connected to a ground-based portable computer.\nThe electric supply and the control system for the airship were developed at Empa and everything was optimized to keep the weight minimum. Also, the skeleton and other parts that include an ultra-light carbon-sandwich structure and a model-airship hull material were developed by the aeroix GmbH in Berlin.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.vividahealth.com/vaccinations/", "date": "2023-04-02T06:33:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296950383.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20230402043600-20230402073600-00619.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9461423754692078, "token_count": 272, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__129651377", "lang": "en", "text": "Immunization shots, or vaccinations, are essential.\nThey protect you from a disease by introducing a tiny, weakened piece of the germ into your body. Your body then produces the things it needs to combat it. This is called building an immunity. That way, if you are ever exposed naturally to the disease, your body “remembers” the germ and is ready to fight it.\nVaccinations protect you against diseases like measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, and polio. They are important for both adults and children because unlike most medicines which treat or cure a disease, vaccines can prevent them.\nThe vaccinations you need depend on your age, lifestyle, healthy, pregnancy status, and travel plans. Talk to your doctor about what shots you and your children need and when you should get them. For additional information, refer to the CDC’s immunization schedules for children (birth to 18 years old) and adults (19 years and older).\nVivida Health Plan Members have access to vaccinations at no cost. Learn more about how to join.\nCurrent members, call Member Services at 844-243-5131 (TTY: 711) to learn more about your vaccination benefits. Find a doctor to talk about the vaccinations you and your children need to stay healthy.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mysina.ca/store/product/opti-ova/", "date": "2023-11-30T21:10:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100232.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130193829-20231130223829-00558.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7082003951072693, "token_count": 3282, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__192500192", "lang": "en", "text": "- Provides comprehensive nutritional support, with therapeutic dosages, for diverse factors affecting reproductive health\n- Broad-spectrum antioxidants reduce oxidative stress and damage, and enhance mitochondrial function, key determinants of oocyte function and quality\n- Provides the most bioavailable forms of nutrients, including pyridoxal 5’-phosphate, d-alpha tocopheryl, vitamin D3, methylcobalamin, and (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid\n- Supports proper endometrial blood flow, supplying nutrients, removing toxins and reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the endometrium, and encouraging proper implantation\nOpti Ova is a comprehensive female reproductive support kit that provides an effective combination of key antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals shown to improve egg quality and enhance fertility. By optimizing mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress, supporting blood flow to the endometrium and its development, and enhancing detoxification pathways, Opti Ova provides a broad base of nutritional support for reproductive health.\nMitochondrial activity is a key factor in oocyte function and quality, with mitochondrial dysfunction recognized as a major cause of age-induced decline in oocyte quality.1,2 Key nutrients, including PQQ, resveratrol, and CoQ10, have been shown to induce mitochondrial biogenesis,3counteract ovarian aging,4,5 and when combined with clomiphene citrate, CoQ10 supplementation resulted in a more than 6-fold increase in the clinical pregnancy rate than clomiphene alone, in a randomized prospective trial of participants with PCOS.6\nN-acetylcysteine provides the limiting factor for glutathione production, essential for detoxification of many pollutants which interfere with reproductive function; it has also been shown to improve pregnancy rates and endometrial thickness when compared to standard treatments for PCOS, such as clomiphene and metformin.7\nL-carnitine, Japanese knotweed, and magnesium also benefit women with PCOS.8\nOpti Ova includes vitamins D and E, omega-3 fatty acids, key minerals, and bioavailable B vitamins which act as potent antioxidants and support optimal endometrial health and implantation.9-12 Vitamin E supplementation alone has been shown to shorten the time to pregnancy among women older than 35 seeking treatment for unexplained infertility, while vitamin D has been linked to implantation rates and IVF outcomes, with the highest levels linked to the highest pregnancy rates.13-16\n|Each Softgel Contains:|\n|Coenzyme Q10 (Microorganism) (whole cell)||200 mg|\n|BioPQQ® Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (Disodium Salt)||17.65 mg|\n|SUN-E 900™ Vitamin E (d-Alpha Tocopherol) (Helianthus annuus) (seed)||5 IU (3.35 mg AT*)|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Softgel (gelatin, glycerin, purified water, carob powder), organic flaxseed oil, yellow beeswax, non-GMO sunflower oil, lecithin.|\n|N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine and Alpha-Lipoic Acid|\n|Each Tablet Contains:|\n|NAC (N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine)||250 mg|\n|Alpha-Lipoic Acid||300 mg|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Microcrystalline cellulose, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, stearic acid, vegetable grade magnesium stearate (lubricant), clear coating (carbohydrate gum [cellulose], glycerin), silica, croscarmellose sodium.|\n|Each Capsule Contains:|\n|Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Hydrochloride, Benfotiamine)||31.7 mg|\n|Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin 5’-Phosphate Sodium)||10 mg|\n|Niacin (Inositol Hexanicotinate)||100 mg|\n|Vitamin B5 (Calcium d-Pantothenate)||100 mg|\n|Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate Monohydrate)||25 mg|\n|Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)||500 mcg|\n|Folate (from (6S)-5-Methyltetrahydrofolic Acid (MTHF), Glucosamine Salt, Quatrefolic®)||400 mcg|\n|Choline Dihydrogen Citrate||50 mg|\n|Inositol (Inositol Hexanicotinate)||50 mg|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Vegetarian capsule (carbohydrate gum [cellulose], purified water), microcrystalline cellulose, vegetable grade magnesium stearate (lubricant), silica, organic kale, organic alfalfa, organic cilantro leaf, organic parsley, caperberry, sprouted garlic, organic artichoke, organic black radish, organic dandelion, barley grass, pepper, organic celery seed, organic beetroot, organic tomato, wasabi rhizome, fresh freeze-dried sprouted broccoli, organic upland cress, daikon, red radish, organic cauliflower, organic cabbage, organic arugula, organic watercress leaf, grape, pomegranate, strawberry, organic cranberry, organic blueberry, raspberry, bilberry, organic Indian gooseberry, schizandra berry, red orange, organic açai berry, Theracurmin® curcumin, organic decaffeinated green tea extract, organic ginger rhizome, organic echinacea, organic oregano, organic peppermint, organic spearmint, organic spirulina, organic chlorella, red algae, blue green algae, kelp.|\n|Each Capsule Contains:|\n|L-Carnitine (Tartrate)||500 mg|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Vegetarian capsule (carbohydrate gum [cellulose], purified water), silica, microcrystalline cellulose, vegetable grade magnesium stearate (lubricant).|\n|Resveratrol with Grape Seed Extract|\n|Each Capsule Contains:|\n|Japanese Knotweed Extract (Fallopia japonica) (root) (20% Trans-Resveratrol)||200 mg|\n|Grape Seed Extract (Vitis vinifera) (seed) (80% Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins)||25 mg|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Gelatin capsule (gelatin, purified water), microcrystalline cellulose, vegetable grade magnesium stearate (lubricant), silica.|\n|Vitamin E 400 with Selenium|\n|Each Tablet Contains:|\n|Vitamin E (d-Alpha Tocopheryl Acid Succinate)||400 IU (268 mg AT*)|\n|Selenium (Yeast)||100 mcg|\n|Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)||100 mg|\n|Manganese (Gluconate)||10 mg|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, silica, croscarmellose sodium, vegetable grade magnesium stearate (lubricant), coating (carbohydrate gum [cellulose], glycerin).|\n|Each Capsule Contains:|\n|Magnesium (Bisglycinate)||200 mg|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Vegetarian capsule (carbohydrate gum [cellulose], purified water), microcrystalline cellulose, vegetable grade magnesium stearate (lubricant), silica.|\n|OptiMega3® with Vitamin D3|\n|Each Enteripure® Softgel Contains:|\n|Fish Oil Concentrate (Anchovy, Sardine, and/or Mackerel)||1425 mg|\n|Omega-3 Fatty Acids||900 mg|\n|Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)||600 mg|\n|Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)||300 mg|\n|Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)||1000 IU (25 mcg)|\n|Non-medicinal Ingredients: Enteric softgel (gelatin, glycerin, purified water, pectin), natural vitamin E.|\nContains no artificial colours, preservatives, or sweeteners;\nno dairy, starch, sugar, wheat, gluten, yeast, soy, corn, egg,\nfish, shellfish, animal products, salt, tree nuts, or GMOs.\nSuitable for vegetarians/vegans.\nRecommended Adult Dose: 1 packet per day with food or as directed by a health care practitioner. Source of\nAntioxidants: Consult a health care practitioner for use beyond 3 months.\nKeep out of reach of children.\nMixed Vitamin E 400 IU\nConsult a health care practitioner prior to use if you have cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or are taking blood thinners.\nDo not use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Consult a health care practitioner prior to use if you are taking medications for diabetes, high blood pressure, seizures, or if you have diabetes, a seizure disorder, liver or kidney disease, or have been instructed to follow a low protein diet. Do not use if you are taking health products with a blood coagulation affect (e.g., blood thinners, clotting factor replacements, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, fish oils, vitamin E) as this may increase the risk of spontaneous bleeding.\nConsult a health care practitioner prior to use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or are taking blood pressure medication or blood thinners.\nConsult a health care practitioner prior to use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have diabetes or kidney stones. Do not use this product if you are taking antibiotics or nitroglycerin.\nPeople sensitive to nicotinic acid may experience flushing of the skin that is generally mild and transient.\n1. Schatten, H., Sun, Q.Y., Prather, R. (2014). The impact of mitochondrial function/dysfunction on IVF and new treatment possibilities for infertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 12, 111.\n2. Oktay, K., Baltaci, V., Sonmezer, M., et al. (2015). Oogonial Precursor Cell-Derived Autologous Mitochondria Injection to Improve Outcomes in Women With Multiple IVF Failures Due\nto Low Oocyte Quality: A Clinical Translation. Reprod Sci, 22(12), 1612-7.\n3. Chowanadisai, W., Bauerly, K.A., Tchaparian, E., et al. (2010). Pyrroloquinoline quinone\nstimulates mitochondrial biogenesis through cAMP response element-binding protein\nphosphorylation and increased PGC-1alpha expression. J Biol Chem, 285(1), 142-52.\n4. Ben-Meir, A., Burstein, E., Borrego-Alvarez, A., et al. (2015). Coenzyme Q10 restores oocyte\nmitochondrial function and fertility during reproductive aging. Aging Cell, 14(5), 887-95.\n5. Özcan, P., Fiçicio-lu, C., Kizilkale, O., et al. (2016). Can Coenzyme Q10 supplementation\nprotect the ovarian reserve against oxidative damage? J Assist Reprod Genet, 33(9),\n6. El Refaeey, A., Selem, A., Badawy, A. (2014). Combined coenzyme Q10 and clomiphene\ncitrate for ovulation induction in clomiphene-citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.\nReprod Biomed Online, 29(1), 119-24.\n7. Maged, A.M., Elsawah, H., Abdelhafez, A., et al. (2015). The adjuvant effect of metformin\nand N-acetylcysteine to clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation in patients with\nPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol, 31(8), 635-8.\n8. Shokrpour, M., &Asemi, Z. (2019). The Effects of Magnesium and Vitamin E CoSupplementation on Hormonal Status and Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative\nStress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Biol Trace Elem Res, 191, 54-60.\n9. Visioli, F., Hagen, T.M. (2011). Antioxidants to enhance fertility: role of eNOS and potential\nbenefits. Pharmacol Res, 64(5), 431-7.\n10. Kromhout, D., de Goede, J. (2014). Update on cardiometabolic health effects of ?-3 fatty\nacids. Curr Opin Lipidol, 25(1), 85-90.\n11. Beata Banaszewska, Joanna Wrotynska-Barczynska, Robert Z. Spaczynski, Leszek Pawelczyk, Antoni J. Duleba, Effects of Resveratrol on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Metabolism, Volume 101, Issue 11, 1 November 2016, Pages 4322–4328, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-1858\n12. Toyama, K., Nishioka, T., Isshiki, A., et al. (2014). Eicosapentaenoic Acid combined with\noptimal statin therapy improves endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery\ndisease. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther, 28(1), 53-9.\n13. Ruder, E.H., Hartman, T.J., Reindollar, R.H., et al. (2014). Female dietary antioxidant intake\nand time to pregnancy among couples treated for unexplained infertility. Fertil Steril, 101(3),\n14. Farzadi, L., Khayatzadeh Bidgoli, H., Ghojazadeh, M., et al. (2015). Correlation between\nfollicular fluid 25-OH vitamin D and assisted reproductive outcomes. Iran J Reprod Med,\n15. Ozkan, S., Jindal, S., Greenseid, K., et al. (2010). Replete vitamin D stores predict\nreproductive success following in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril, 94(4), 1314-9.\n16. Paffoni, A., Ferrari, S., Viganò, P., et al. (2014). Vitamin D deficiency and infertility: insights\nfrom in vitro fertilization cycles. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 99(11), E2372-6.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://blog.dragansr.com/2013_02_16_archive.html", "date": "2022-08-10T23:23:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00339.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.958617627620697, "token_count": 155, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__172656484", "lang": "en", "text": "\"BGI-Shenzhen, once known as the Beijing Genomics Institute, has burst from relative obscurity to become the world’s most prolific sequencer of human, plant, and animal DNA. In 2010, with the aid of a $1.58 billion line of credit from China Development Bank, BGI purchased 128 state-of-the-art DNA sequencing machines for about $500,000 apiece. It now owns 156 sequencers from several manufacturers and accounts for some 10 to 20 percent of all DNA data produced globally. So far, it claims to have completely sequenced some 50,000 human genomes—far more than any other group.\nBGI quotes prices as low as $3,000 to sequence a person’s DNA. \"", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.ilovemygyn.com/conditions/ovarian-cysts/", "date": "2019-10-17T16:09:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986675409.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20191017145741-20191017173241-00281.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9478122591972351, "token_count": 3505, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__74858360", "lang": "en", "text": "What is an Ovarian Cyst?\nBy definition, a “cyst” is a collection of fluid. Ovarian cysts are sacs of fluid which develop in the ovary. These fluid-filled collections can occur on one or both sides, and can be very small or grow to huge proportions. They can sometimes contain solid components, or they may be completely fluid-filled. While most ovarian cysts are benign, some cysts which form in the ovary can be malignant (cancerous).\nCysts are usually diagnosed by sonography (ultrasound).\nThis technique uses sound waves to “see” structures inside your body, and provides excellent images of fluid-filled structures like cysts. Ultrasound can be performed over your lower abdomen, or preferably, using a wand in the vagina. Transvaginal ultrasound is not painful, and allows us to see details of cyst structure, since it allows us to get so close to the cyst while viewing it. At The Woman’s Health Pavilion, each of our offices is equipped with modern, high-definition, 3-D ultrasound and staffed by experienced and certified sonography technicians; this allows us to see the fine detail in ovarian cysts. The details of cyst structure are important, because they help us to determine whether a cyst is benign or malignant. Cysts are often found using other types of imaging like CT scanning or MRI, but transvaginal ultrasound is still the gold standard for evaluating most ovarian cysts.\nTypes of Ovarian Cysts\nThere are dozens of types of ovarian cysts. Common types of cysts include:\n- Functional cysts (commonly referred to as “ovulation cysts”)\n- Dermoid cysts (benign cystic teratomas)\n- Cysts associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)\n- Cysts associated with ovarian cancer\nFunctional Cysts of the Ovary\nThe most common type of ovarian cyst is the “functional” cyst. Commonly referred to as “ovulation cysts,” functional cysts arise from the natural ovulatory function of the ovaries. Prior to ovulation, the cell destined to be released as the “egg” is recruited from among millions of other similar cells in the ovary. As the egg develops in the ovary, it grows within in a tiny collection of fluid called the follicle. Generally, when this collection grows to be about 1.5 centimeters (about the size of a grape) the microscopic egg is released from the follicle. The remaining collection of fluid resolves over the next several weeks, producing hormones which would serve to support a pregnancy if the egg were fertilized.\nIn some cycles, the collection of fluid around the egg will continue to grow for reasons which are not well understood. These “functional” cysts can grow to be quite large—more of a grapefruit than a grape—and can become quite painful. If they rupture, the pain is acute and severe, and will often result in trip to the emergency room. Because functional cysts produce hormones, women with a growing functional cyst will often notice changes in their menstrual cycle: menstrual bleeding may occur early or late, or may be unusually heavy or disorganized.\nFunctional cysts are usually diagnosed by transvaginal sonography performed in the office. During this test, a slender wand is gently inserted into the vagina, permitting close examination of the pelvic organs with sound waves, or ultrasound. Transvaginal sonography is not painful, and takes just a few minutes to perform. Functional cysts typically are seen as round, thin-walled structures in the ovaries filled with fluid or blood.\nImportantly, functional cysts typically resolve without treatment. For women who are comfortable, it is perfectly appropriate to wait a cycle or two for the cyst to resolve. Of course, the ultimate proof that a cyst is simply “functional” is the fact that it does disappear. As such, follow-up is essential.\nTraditionally, gynecologists have prescribed birth control pills to treat functional cysts. Recent evidence suggests that birth control pills do not make functional cysts disappear; being on birth control pills, however, does tend to prevent functional cysts from forming in the first place. Women who are prone to recurrent, symptomatic functional cysts will often benefit from staying on birth control pills, or similar hormonal contraception which suppresses ovulation.\nDermoid Cysts of the Ovary\nThe dermoid cyst (or technically, benign cystic teratoma) is unique because it grows tissues which belong in other organs. Commonly, for example, a dermoid cyst will contain hair, teeth, or fragments of bone. It may contain glandular tissue (e.g., thyroid tissue) which produces hormones. Usually, these solid components are encased in a thick capsule filled with an oily or cheesy liquid.\nDermoid cysts can be tiny, or grow to be huge. They are most often discovered in women aged 15 to 40, and in 15% of cases will be found in both ovaries. Because dermoids are dense and heavy, they tend to make the ovaries “dangle” in the pelvis. As such, they are particularly prone to torsion: An enlarged ovary containing a cyst will sometimes twist around its blood supply (think of a disco ball or an apple hanging on its stalk), interrupting the blood flow to the ovary. When blood flow to the ovary is interrupted, ovarian tissue rapidly begins to die. Torsion is extremely painful, and usually will result in an emergency room visit. Suspected torsion is a true surgical emergency.\nAnother common type of cyst in the ovary is an endometrioma or chocolate cyst. An endometrioma is a type of endometriosis, a condition in which the lining of the uterus (womb) flows backwards through the fallopian tubes and deposits in the pelvis. When this tissue deposits on the ovary, an endometrioma can form. Endometriomas are characteristically stubbornly attached to the ovarian tissue and filled with old thick blood, similar in consistency to chocolate syrup—hence the name “chocolate cyst”.\nEndometriomas occur in women during their reproductive years, and are frequently seen in conjunction with endometriosis implants elsewhere in the pelvis. Sometimes, women with this condition will experience chronic pain, severe menstrual cramps, painful intercourse, or problems with fertility. Because endometriosis is a chronic condition, women may require ongoing treatment to prevent recurrence.\nMany ovarian cysts—even large ones—are completely asymptomatic; other ovarian cysts may cause pain or pressure.\nPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)\nEach month, the ovaries begin to develop several small follicles, tiny collections of fluid which each contain an egg. Early in the menstrual cycle, one follicle is “recruited”: This “dominant follicle” grows larger than the rest, and ultimately releases an egg at the time of ovulation. After ovulation, the follicle is termed a corpus luteum. If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum will continue to produce hormones which support early pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum resolves, and ovulation is followed by a menstrual period two weeks later.\nIn women with PCOS, many follicles develop inside the ovaries, but an egg is not released regularly: Women with PCOS are usually either anovulatory (they do not ovulate at all) or oligo-ovulatory (they do not ovulate on schedule). Since ovulation is a prerequisite for pregnancy, women with PCOS frequently have difficulty conceiving. Also, since ovulation triggers the chain of events which leads to menstrual flow, women with PCOS often do not get regular periods.\nThe ovaries in women with PCOS have a characteristic appearance on sonography: The many developing follicles typically look like a “chain of pearls” clustered around the surface of the ovary. Usually, the ovaries are enlarged as a result of all the developing follicles.\nFundamentally, PCOS represents a hormonal imbalance: The ovaries in women with PCOS produce more androgens, or male hormones, than normal. As a result, women may notice increased hair growth on the chin or chest, acne, or thinning hair in a male baldness pattern. The “yin and yang” female hormones estrogen and progesterone are also out of balance: Women with PCOS produce too much estrogen and not enough progesterone. All of these changes contribute to menstrual irregularity and fertility issues observed in women with PCOS.\nA woman’s body is designed to build up the inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) each month, and then to clean it out each month with a period. Over a lifetime, constant buildup without a regular monthly cleanout increases the risk of endometrial cancer, a cancer in the lining of the uterus. Women with PCOS have an increased risk of endometrial cancer.\nUltimately, the precise cause of PCOS is not known, but several contributing factors have been identified. PCOS does seem to run in families: We often encounter sisters who each report having irregular periods and/or fertility problems. For many women, PCOS is caused by being overweight: Because fat cells are hormonally active, excess body fat disrupts a woman’s hormonal balance. It is well-known that overweight women who do not get their periods regularly will often resume regular monthly periods if they lose just 10% of their body weight.\nIn addition to weight loss, birth control pills are often used to “cycle” women with PCOS. Women who want to conceive may be offered medications which stimulate ovulation. Finally, because PCOS is linked to diabetes, certain medications which are commonly used to treat diabetes (e.g., metformin) may be used to treat PCOS.\nSymptoms of Ovarian Cysts\nMany ovarian cysts—even large ones—are completely asymptomatic; other ovarian cysts may cause pain or pressure. A slowly-growing cyst may produce mild or moderate pain, pressure, or heaviness over weeks to months, while a ruptured cyst may cause acute and severe pain that sends women to the emergency room. Pain may be constant or intermittent, or may occur only with activity or intercourse. Some women will also have bleeding abnormalities, since certain ovarian cysts produce hormones which can alter the menstrual cycle. Chronic complaints of bloating and vague urinary symptoms are also common among women with ovarian cysts.\nWhen a cyst ruptures, the fluid contained inside is spilled into the pelvis and abdomen, causing pain. Technically, ovulation is a type of cyst rupture: In the ovary, eggs develop within a sac of fluid called a “follicle.” At the time of ovulation, the follicle ruptures, releasing the egg together with a small amount of fluid into the pelvis. While this process is completely normal, ovulation can be very painful for some women. Painful ovulation is known as mittleshmerz and is one of the more common reasons we see women in the emergency room. If you suffer from recurrent mittleshmerz, effective treatments are readily available.\nTorsion occurs when the ovary containing a cyst twists around the “stalk” that contains its blood supply, like an apple twisting on a tree. When the blood supply of the ovary is interrupted, oxygen does not reach the ovarian tissue, and it begins to die. Like rupture of a cyst, torsion is severely painful, and may be associated with nausea, vomiting, and a low-grade fever. Torsion can often be diagnosed by a special Doppler ultrasound, which can demonstrate the lack of blood flow to the ovary. Torsion is a true surgical emergency.\nIs it Cancer?\nWhen women are diagnosed with an ovarian cyst, many will be concerned about the possibility of ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is indeed a frightening disease, one that affects 1 in 70 women in this country. Most women with ovarian cancer are first diagnosed when they already have advanced-stage disease. Unfortunately, this means that the prognosis of ovarian cancer is often not as favorable as many other types of cancer.\nCertain women are particularly at risk for ovarian cancer. Age is an important risk factor: Ovarian cancer is rare before age 40; nearly half of ovarian cancers occur in women over age 63. Obese women have up to 50% higher risk of ovarian cancer. Women without children have a higher risk of ovarian cancer. Interestingly, women who spend a few years on birth control pills have a significantly lower risk of ovarian cancer.\nTraditionally, ovarian cancer has been regarded as a “silent killer”: It has been widely taught that the disease has few early symptoms, and thus nearly impossible to catch in its early stages. While only about 20% of ovarian cancers are discovered in their early stages, recent studies suggest that most women with ovarian cancer do indeed have symptoms, even with early-stage disease.\nThe most common symptoms of ovarian cancer are:\n- Abdominal bloating\n- Pelvic and/or abdominal pain\n- Feeling full quickly after eating\n- Urinary urgency and/or frequency\nIn recent studies, almost all women diagnosed with ovarian cancer reported symptoms—although sometimes vague and non-specific—when carefully questioned. These recent findings underscore the importance of a careful medical evaluation for even vague pelvic and abdominal symptoms.\nThe diagnosis of ovarian cancer may be suspected based on findings of imaging studies like sonography, CT scan, or MRI. While none of these tests can tell the difference between benign cysts of the ovary and cancerous growths with 100% accuracy, ovarian cancers do tend to have a different appearance than benign cysts, especially on sonogram. Tumor markers in the blood (for example, CA-125) can be used in some women to gain additional information.\nIf a cancerous growth of the ovary is suspected, surgery is usually indicated. Ideally, surgery is performed in consultation with a gynecologic oncologist—a gynecologist with special training in the treatment of gynecologic cancers. Most women with ovarian cancer will require removal of both ovaries, together with the uterus, the fallopian tubes, the omentum (fatty tissue around the intestine), and lymph nodes in the abdomen and pelvis. Usually, chemotherapy is required after surgical staging.\nTreatment of Ovarian Cysts\nTypically, we make the diagnosis of an ovarian cyst using the high-resolution sonogram equipment located in each of our offices. Our equipment is modern, 3-D and Doppler capable, so we are able to collect as much information as possible about ovarian cysts and other types of pathology before you leave.\nOnce diagnosed, a treatment plan can be developed. For small cysts which are thought to be functional based on their sonographic appearance, patients may be asked to follow up after a few weeks. For larger cysts, or cysts with suspicious characteristics, further testing may be warranted. Testing may include additional imaging (for example, CT scan or MRI) or blood work which measures levels of tumor markers like CA-125.\nOccasionally, it may be prudent to simply monitor a small cyst, but in most cases, persistent ovarian cysts will need to be removed. In most cases, ovarian cysts are removed laparoscopically, using a telescope inserted through your navel. This procedure, called laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy, is performed in the hospital, but patients are generally discharged the same day. Typically, women can return to their normal activities about one week after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.\nThere are many types of ovarian cysts, ranging from clinically insignificant to very serious in nature. Because there are so many types of ovarian cysts, any known or suspected ovarian cyst should be evaluated promptly by a gynecologist. The physicians at Woman’s Health Pavilion are well versed in the diagnosis and management of ovarian cysts, and can offer the most up to date treatments available. If you think you might have an ovarian cyst, we encourage you to call us as soon as possible.\nMay We Help You?\nWould you like to find out more about our treatments and services? Are you looking for a second opinion on a diagnosis or treatment recommendation you received at another practice? The experienced team at The Woman’s Health Pavilion is happy to help. Just let us know how and when you’d like to hear from us.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://genitalwartstreatment.net/denavir", "date": "2020-08-04T17:54:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439735881.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20200804161521-20200804191521-00066.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9599359631538391, "token_count": 778, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__115629579", "lang": "en", "text": "Denavir is an antiviral cream which is often prescribed to treat cold sores on the lips and face that are caused by the herpes simplex virus. Denavir or its generic drug name penciclovir topical helps to prevent the growth of the virus and reduce the severity of the outbreak of lesions on the areas around the mouth or face caused by the herpes virus. The recommended dosage for the medication is external application on the affected area once every two hours for a period of four consecutive days until the sores and blisters subside.\nAs Denavir is an antiviral medication, some patients have used it to treat another virus-infected disease of an almost similar nature, which are genital or venereal warts. To examine whether Denavir is effective in treating genital warts, one needs to first develop an understanding about the two diseases including their symptoms and complications before arriving at any conclusion.\nLike herpes, genital or venereal warts is a contagious disease that can be transmitted during sexual intercourse. They are both sexually transmitted diseases (STD), and unfortunately cannot be cured.\nThere are distinct differences between venereal warts and herpes. For one, genital warts are caused by a different virus known as human papillomavirus (HPV) instead of herpes simplex virus which is the virus responsible for herpes.\nAnother major difference between herpes and HPV lies in their outward symptoms, symptom locations and conditions. Symptoms of genital herpes are the appearances of blisters or sores on the genitals, buttocks and anal area, whereas symptoms of oral herpes are blisters and sores around the lips and face. Blisters and sores caused by herpes are often itchy, swollen and sometimes, painful and they often break out when the patient’s immune system is affected such as during stressful situations or when the body is weakened due to lack of sleep or illness.\nHPV on the other hand does not often produce any outward symptoms and if they do, they are known as genital warts which are hard or soft flesh cauliflower-shaped lumps around the genital areas. Due to its general lack of symptoms, patients with HPV sometimes do not realize they are infected.\nCan Denavir treat Genital Warts?\nGenital warts can be either removed surgically or treated with antiviral cream application. There are currently several antiviral cream products in the market that can be used for herpes as well as genital warps.\nSo far Denavir has not been proven to treat genital warts. It is an antiviral cream which is manufactured for external application on cold sores caused by the herpes simplex virus; there has not been any claim by its manufacturer that it can treat HPV. Secondly, it is also specifically recommended only for external application on the lips and on the face, and not to be applied inside the mouth, the nose, near the eyes or on genital areas. The latter could cause skin irritation or other side effects.\nBy following its recommended dosage, Denavir can reduce and contain the outbreak of swollen painful sores caused by herpes simplex virus within a matter of days. However, it can only contain and limit the outbreak of sores but cannot cure or prevent the transmission of the virus. Similarly, Denavir is unlikely to treat or prevent the transmission of HPV virus. Furthermore, genital warts caused by HPV are normally not painful but only cause discomfort and itch. In some cases, they often go away on its own even though no treatment is applied.\nTherefore, one should seek medical advice before using Denavir on genital warts as the medication is not meant to fight HPV virus in the first place. However, there may be instances when symptoms are similar and it is essential to receive the right diagnosis in order to receive the right treatment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://stillmagnolias.blogspot.com/2015/04/2015-z-april-challenge-e-is-for.html", "date": "2018-07-18T12:02:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590169.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20180718115544-20180718135544-00016.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.948596179485321, "token_count": 621, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__5895882", "lang": "en", "text": "Day 5 of the 2015 A-Z April Challenge and E is for Everglades National Park. I grew up in South Florida and have loved the mystery of the Everglades for as long as I can remember. I have always felt the spirits of the Everglades calling me....and I have answered that call many times. It is an amazing trip. Everglades National Park is a U.S. National Park in Florida that protects the southern 20 percent of the original Everglades. In the United States, it is the largest tropical wilderness, the largest wilderness of any kind east of the Mississippi River, and is visited on average by one million people each year. It is the third-largest national park in the lower 48 states after Death Valley and Yellowstone. It has been declared an International Biosphere Reserve, a World Heritage Site, and a Wetland of International Importance, one of only three locations in the world to appear on all three lists. Although most U.S. national parks preserve unique geographic features, Everglades National Park was the first created to protect a fragile ecosystem. The Everglades are a network of wetlands and forests fed by a river flowing .25 miles (0.40 km) per day out of Lake Okeechobee, southwest into Florida Bay. The Park is the most significant breeding ground for tropical wading birds in North America, contains the largest mangrove ecosystem in the western hemisphere, is home to 36 threatened or protected species including the Florida panther, the American crocodile, and the West Indian manatee, and supports 350 species of birds, 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish, 40 species of mammals, and 50 species of reptiles. When I was a child my dad would take me fishing in Lake Okeechobee and I always dreamed about going into the Everglades. It was a forboding place....a place of no return in the eyes of a child. The majority of South Florida's fresh water, which is stored in the Biscayne Aquifer, is recharged in the park. Humans have lived for thousands of years in or around the Everglades, until plans arose in 1882 to drain the wetlands and develop the recovered land for agricultural and residential use. As the 20th century progressed, water flow from Lake Okeechobee was increasingly controlled and diverted to enable explosive growth of the South Florida metropolitan area. The park was established in 1934 to protect the quickly vanishing Everglades, and dedicated in 1947 as massive canal building projects were initiated across South Florida. The ecosystems in Everglades National Park have suffered significantly from human activity, and restoration of the Everglades is a politically charged issue in South Florida. If you ever get a chance you need to take an airboat tour of the \"glades.\" It is an experience you will never forget. For some strange reason once you have entered the \"glades\" they will haunt you forever.....or at least until you return.\nTo Joey, With Love....WINNER!\n1 year ago", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.enviroguardplus.ca/common-pests/spiders", "date": "2021-02-24T19:55:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178347321.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20210224194337-20210224224337-00220.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9143694043159485, "token_count": 769, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__191778440", "lang": "en", "text": "There are approximately 1400 species known in Canada, including a few rare ones, 2 species of tarantulas (Antrodiaetus pacificus and Sphodros niger) and 2 species of black widows (Latrodectus variolus and L. hesperus) found in southern parts of Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia.\nSpiders commonly found in Canadian homes include house spiders, wolf spiders, cellar spiders, fishing spiders, jumping spiders and (much less often) black widow spiders. Interestingly the common house spider and Black Widow spider are both in the same family. Spiders are usually found in the corners of rooms, closets, boxes, dark crevices, basements, garages, and gardens.\nThe spider has an unsegmented body with two main divisions and four pairs of legs. It also has organs for producing silk, which is used for making nests, webs to catch prey, or cocoons for its eggs.\nMost spiders prey on insects, many of them pests. Once the prey becomes tangled in the web, the spider immobilizes it by wrapping it in more silk and then injecting venom to paralyze it. Later, the spider injects a digestive liquid and sucks out all the nutrients from its prey. Not all spiders are web spinners, and there are many types of spiders that use different strategies to catch their food. For example, Wolf spiders hunt for their prey and are especially helpful to farmers and gardeners because they prey on common crop pests like caterpillars, plant bugs, and aphids.\nSpiders do not transmit any diseases. Although nearly all spiders have venom glands, they rarely bite humans, and only a few species (like the black widow spider) can have a venomous -- but not usually fatal -- bite. Most spiders are nocturnal and avoid conflict by running away. They will only bite if they feel threatened (for example, being squeezed or held).\nThe degree of reaction to the black widow spider bite depends on the area of the body bitten, amount of venom injected, the person’s size and a person's sensitivity to the venom. Serious long-term complications or death are rare. If bitten, remain calm, and immediately get medical attention (contact your doctor, hospital, or poison control center). Apply an ice pack directly to the bite area to relieve swelling and pain.\nAs previously stated, spider bites are rare; however, when doing yard work or in forested areas, take proper precautions by wearing gloves and boots, rolling pants into socks and tucking your shirt into your pants.\nThe 3 of the Most Common Spiders in Ontario\nYellow Garden Spider\nSource: The Cosmonaut, Wikimedia Commons\nCross Orbweaver Spider\nSource: Ryan Hodnett, Wikimedia Commons\nYellow Sac Spider\nSource: Marcello Consolo, flickr.com\nHow To Get Rid of Spiders?\nTo prevent spiders from entering your home, weather strip or caulk windows and doors, and repair screens. When cleaning your garage or basement, or working in your garden, it is a good idea to wear gloves to avoid exposing yourself to unexpected spider bites. Spiders are generally beneficial: a few spiders left in your basement and crawlspaces will help to capture earwigs and other insects.\n- Sweep or vacuum baseboards and corners of rooms often to remove any harborage areas\n- Remove spider webs.\n- Sweep behind washers and dryers often and rearrange furniture occasionally to prevent spiders from spinning webs in the same place.\n- Keep clothing, shoes, and blankets off the floor so that spiders do not hide in them during the day.\n- Use yellow light bulbs outdoors to attract fewer insects, which will discourage spiders from spinning webs near your house.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.gardentower.com.au/federal/", "date": "2020-01-17T14:25:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250589560.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20200117123339-20200117151339-00431.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9477141499519348, "token_count": 1655, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__173408719", "lang": "en", "text": "Healthy Soil = Healthy Plants = Healthy People!\nIt’s true! The soil is a matrix of living organisms regulating the cycle and flow of nutrients. Its organisms interconnect and share both information and immune responses to pests and disease. When the soil is full of life, full of minerals, and packed with nutrients, the benefits translate all the way up the food chain!1, 2, 3\nWhat is healthy soil?\nGardeners and farmers know good soil by their senses. In a well-tended garden, the topsoil is deep, porous, and dark. The soil crumbles in your hands and feels moist. It has texture—you can see bits of woody material and larger soil organisms. It smells like “good dirt.” Studies have even shown this occurs because healthy soil gives off beneficial chemical compounds that boost your immune system.4, 5 Because the soil is “light and fluffy,” air and water infiltrate it easily. Roots can move through good soil easily.\nHealthy soil is full of life—a balance of micro and macro-organisms. It’s a microcosm in each tablespoon of soil. If you want to know how much life thrives around your garden plants, try a soil test from SOIL FOOD WEB, Inc. [http://www.soilfoodweb.com ].\nHealthy Soil = Healthy Plants\nHealthy soil leads to healthy plants. Healthy plants have strong cell walls and vibrant color. They are free of blemishes—or contain few. They almost glow because of how they reflect the light. Having the right balance of soil nutrients—bioavailable minerals, moisture, etc…. allow plants to grow healthy cells full of vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals (chemical compounds made by plants) that build a stronger you.\nOne not-so-secret secret to get the best nutrition from your plants is to grow your own and pick your produce fresh. We can go beyond organic food—which makes sure our foods are not treated with biocides (pesticides and herbicides). We can look for organic, local, in season, and fresh whole foods. These are more likely to have their nutrients in tact. In addition, we can grow our own food or buy food from farmers that know how to grow nutrient-dense foods that have a high quality and standards of nutrition. Farmers employing permaculture and biodynamic techniques are exploring how to grow nutrient dense foods.\nYou can do the same by following these practices:\n1. Get to know your soil. Every soil is different. Most of our soils have been damaged by deforestation, ill-informed farming practices, or construction. So, it’s pretty normal for our native soils to be lacking in something. There are two things you can do right away to get to know your soil better.\nFirst, you can do a simple soil test by digging just below the surface (no grass roots), and putting 2 cups of soil in a clear mason jar or other jar. Fill the jar with water and shake it up. Over the next 23-36 hours—or until the water is clear, the soil particles will settle out. The larger sand particles settle first. Then the loamy particles will settle. Clay particles are very small and may stay suspended for some time. Finally, the organic matter (bits of twigs and flakes of leaves, for example) will float on the top. You can see the ratio of sand:clay:silt/loam:organic matter that you have in your soil. This can help you determine how best to work with your native soil. For example, if you have a lot of sand, your soils will drain quickly and you will need to give extra consideration to watering.\nThe second important thing to do to get to know your soil is to do a soil test. If you suspect lead is present in your soils, there are often programs through the county health department to test for heavy metals. County extension agents or soil and water conservation districts also do general soil tests. These can help you to know if your soil is lacking in a key mineral or substance that will lead to success. For more on soil tests, follow this link.\n2.Add some key minerals Once you know you don’t have toxins to avoid, the next step is putting the right things into the soil. Adding the right soil amendments depends upon the mineral content of your native soil. In my Midwestern, limestone-based soil, I usually add rock phosphate and Jersey greensand. These are mined minerals that pack a punch in our garden soils.\nBroccoli, cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables feed heavily on calcium. You would think that by living on a limestone-based soil these veggies would be happy in my garden—but, no. They need a form of calcium that they can take up easily. So, I add crushed, or powdered, egg shells from our breakfast to help them out. To do this, I wait until the shells are dry. Then crush them up a bit in our mortar and pestle. I take the powdered shells out to the garden, pull back the mulch, apply, and move the mulch back in place. Green Sand, Rock Dust, Bone Meal and Kelp are also valuable sources of these necessary minerals.\nEvery area has a different soil composition. You’ll need to adjust which minerals you import into your garden accordingly. A visit to a local nursery or garden center can provide valuable insights into the soil common in your area. A soil test from the county agricultural extension office may come in handy for a more complete picture. Here is a map of the dominant soil orders in the United States.\n3.Bring on the mushrooms! Unless you are growing grains or other grasses, you will want to top your soils toward a fungally-dominated soil. Fungi are an important part of soil life. We’ve known for decades that fungi connect trees in a forest and allow them to share information through an exchange of sugars and chemicals. This allows the trees interconnected to pick up on pests or diseases in one part of the forest and begin to produce an immune response before the disease or pests get to them. The original internet! Now, this study has been replicated and shows the same relationship between fungi and plants smaller than trees.6, 7\n4.Incorporate organic matter Whether your soil is too sandy, too full of clay, or likely to salt when irrigation water evaporates and leaves salts, adding organic matter is almost always part of the way to bring your soil into a healthy balance. By incorporating compost into your garden and by mulching your plants appropriately, you are building up the organic matter (read carbon) in your soil. Most soils in North America have 2-3% organic matter. Healthy soil can have 19-25% organic matter (carbon). This is exciting for those of us worried about carbon and climate change. It means that with appropriate farming and gardening, we can pull carbon out of the atmosphere.\nAlso, if you are eating a healthy diet, the compost created from the kitchen will bring a balance of minerals and nutrients to your soil—and pass that onto your plants.\n5.Worms are your friends! Red wigglers or other earthworms can build excellent soil quickly. Though earthworms are not native to North America (and red wigglers won’t survive a freeze), these little critters are very useful.\nVermicomposting (composting with worms) is one of the best means of creating healthy, fertile soils. When other dirt bugs show up, welcome them. They are a sign your soil is becoming a healthy ecosystem. *\n*Not all bugs are good news. Some soil organisms harm your plants and other insects can do the same, but if you allow your soil to become a balanced, healthy ecosystem, it will repel real threats.\nThese practices will build up healthy soil—and think of how many of them are also practiced in the Garden Tower!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.drdavidboynton.com/functional-medicine/about-functional-medicine/?dbh=true", "date": "2022-12-01T14:14:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710813.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20221201121601-20221201151601-00816.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9217525124549866, "token_count": 699, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__252341442", "lang": "en", "text": "Functional medicine fosters wellness by treating individuals as a whole. Therefore, instead of racing toward a diagnosis and a standard of care treatment, we spend far more time with you in order to understand the big picture of who you actually are. Beginning with how you feel day in and day out, we then work to connect the dots of your health picture.\nThe basic premise of functional medicine is that the body possesses an innate ability to heal itself. Our job is to help your body heal by correcting nutrient deficiencies, supporting weakened genetic pathways, eliminating or killing harmful elements in the body, and generally removing the barriers that impede the natural healing process.\nAlong the way we incorporate test findings from cutting-edge laboratories to help us understand the unique picture of your individual biochemistry. An array of lab tests is critical in the development of a customized treatment plan because any one symptom can have numerous different root causes.\nAfter we have a clear understanding of your health history, treatment goals, and lab findings, we will devise a unique protocol comprised of nutraceuticals, lifestyle modifications, and dietary changes, along with exercise and sleep recommendations. Periodic follow-ups will enable us to determine if we need to make small adjustments along the way to help you reach your health goals.\nJust as everything in the body works together, so too the mind and spirit play critical roles in healing. Time and again we've found that patients dealing with the most difficult chronic conditions are empowered in their healing journeys by actually being heard by their doctor. Unfortunately, it's all too common for traditional allopathic doctors to dismiss patient reports when they don’t fit into the diagnosis-box into which people have been placed.\nThe systems-based approach that characterizes functional medicine enables us to solve problems that conventional medicine merely papers over. Take depression for instance. Instead of resting content with what drugs will make you feel better in the short-term, we assess all the different systems of the body to find the exact causes of the depression: we trace out what nutrients may be lacking for healthy neurotransmitter function; we look at how well you are actually absorbing the nutrients that you're consuming; we dig into your genetic backdrop to see if you’re synthesizing the compounds needed for healthy brain function; so too we track down and remove any toxic environmental exposures; and finally, we always address the unique composition of the bacteria in your gut which has an immense impact on mental and emotional well-being.\nIn short, you can count on Dr. Boynton and his team to leave no stone unturned in the process of helping you find answers when no one else can.\nFunctional Lab Values\nAnother important difference between functional and conventional medicine is seen in how we analyze lab values. From the perspective of truly personalized medicine, we're looking for optimal physiological function instead of the catch-all category of 'normal' function.\nQuite literally, what's considered a 'normal' level of physiological function for allopathic physicians is merely a statistical average of the actual health of all the people in a given region. Therefore 'normal' lab findings have no necessary connection to healthy function because the measurement never differentiates between healthy and unhealthy people in the first place.\nOur approach to personalized medicine seeks optimal physiological function based on the unique clinical presentation of each patient. If you report not feeling well, then we know that we have more work to do in order to reach optimal physical functioning.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.viviano.com/flowers-v2/information.asp?FlowerLetter=G&FlowerSearch2=&ID=178", "date": "2013-05-18T17:37:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9420081377029419, "token_count": 248, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__139558684", "lang": "en", "text": "Botanical Name and Pronunciation:\nVanda spp. (VAN-da)\nblue, orange, yellow, pink, white, lavender, often spotted\nForm and Size:\nThe leafless stems of vanda orchids and are 24 – 32 inches long with up to 15 flat flowers that are clustered on each stem. The flowers are 2 – 4 inches in diameter with a reduced lip.\n7 – 14 days\nCut under water and place in fresh water with flower food.\nHistory and Usage:\nA member of the Orchidaceae (orchid) family, vanda orchids originated in Asia and Malaysia. These exotic blossoms look beautiful in vase arrangements and other contemporary arrangements.\nPoints of Interest:\nRelatives of vanda orchids include cymbidium, oncidium, paphiopedilum and cattleya orchids. In the 19th century, orchids became very popular and inspired many hunters to look for them. As many as 4,000 trees were cut down at one time in order to get the exotic looking blooms. One of the most popular varieties is Vanda coerules, which originated in northern India.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://plantatlas.usf.edu/Default.aspx", "date": "2016-02-06T02:48:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-07/segments/1454701145751.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20160205193905-00320-ip-10-236-182-209.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8951232433319092, "token_count": 369, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-07", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-07__0__90646769", "lang": "en", "text": "Developed in partnership with Orange County, FLEPPC and USF, FLIP (Florida Invasive Plants) is a mobile field guide that can be accessed by a computer, smart phone, tablet, or other device with internet browser capability. Learn more about FLIP »\nThe Plant Atlas website incorporates standards-based data-driven internet technologies to disseminate plant information, images and distribution maps to the public. The following is an abbreviated list of functionality available:\n- Plant species are searchable by scientific and common name, including synonyms; known presence within a county; nomenclature citation information; availability of a herbarium specimen image; and listing as threatened/endangered, native, endemic, invasive, wetland and other characteristics.\n- Search results can be presented as a spreadsheet-style list of plant species or as a gallery of plant images along with summary information for the purpose of comparison.\n- Search result pages provide options to improve usability, including: sort by family, genus or other columns; filter based on selected characteristics, such as presence of a photograph or specimen image; or create a printer-friendly checklist to take into the field.\n- Users can browse for a plant species by selecting a family; genus; common name; or county.\n- Information is made available at the family, genus and species taxonomic classification levels, including distribution map and source information, synonymy, citations, and plant photographs.\n- Each taxa web page is linked directly to herbarium specimen data and information, including targeted links to specific species pages on external websites such as USDA Plants and NatureServe.\n- Administrative users utilize a secure web-based editor to manage online content including customized pages about the project, herbarium or institute, external links, and news and announcements.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://alextreeservices.co.uk/services.html", "date": "2019-05-23T03:00:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232257002.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20190523023545-20190523045545-00049.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9275502562522888, "token_count": 741, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__197075797", "lang": "en", "text": "Crown Thinning – removal of a portion of smaller branches (e.g 10%, 15% thin – no more than 30% overall though) usually at the outer crown. It is usually confined to broad-leaved species that lose their leaves in Winter. Crown thinning does not alter the overall size or shape of the tree. Common reasons for crown-thinning are to allow more light through the canopy or to reduce wind resistance.\nCrown Lifting – removal of the lowest branches and/or preparing of lower branches for future removal. Crown lifting is an effective method of increasing light to areas closer to the tree, or to enable access under the crown, but should be restricted to less than 15% of the live crown height crown lifting should be specified with reference to a fixed point e.g crown lift to give 5 m clearance above ground level.\nCrown Reduction – reduction of height and/or spread of the crown of a tree. The final result should retain the main framework of the crown and leave a similar, only smaller, outline. Not all species are suitable for this treatment and crown reduction should not be confused with “topping” and other indiscriminate and harmful treatments.\nSectional Felling / Dismantling – dismantling a tree safely, sometimes using rigging techniques (ropes and pulleys) to lower manageable sections of tree to the ground.\nPollarding – initial removal of the top of a young tree at a prescribed height to encourage multistem branching from that point, traditionally for fodder, firewood or poles. Once started, it should be repeated on a cyclical basis always retaining the initial pollard point.\nBracing – the installation of cables, ropes and/or belts to reduce the probability of failure of one or more parts of the tree structure due to weakened elements under excessive movement.\nFormative Pruning – minor pruning during the early years of a tree’s growth to establish the desired form and/or to correct defects or weaknesses that may affect structure in later life.\nHedge Trimming – keeping a hedge in a tidy form. We conduct trimming and shaping operations to all sorts of hedge (some of the main types of hedge we work are: Conifer, Holly, Hawthorn, Beech, Hornbeam, Laurel, Privet, Yew). There is a fine line between a hedge that looks okay and a hedge that looks amazing once it’s trimmed – see our testimonials to see what our hedge customers have said.\nWe view the tidy-up as just as important as the actual trimming!\nHedge Reduction – sometimes hedges are just too big for whatever reason, and require some more drastic action than just a trim. It can be hard to visualise what a hedge will look like once it is reduced, we will advise you regarding the options available to you and how these will affect your hedge and your garden.\nHedge Removal – when a trim and a reduction won’t do then complete hedge removal may be necessary whether this is due to disease or even if it is just time for a change. We can remove entire hedges including roots.\nHedge Planting – we advise on choosing hedging plants and when to plant them.\nHedge Laying – often needed when old hedges become thin and unruly. Laying involves partially cutting through the living stems to near ground level and bending them over as ‘pleachers’. This process encourages new shoots to sprout along the pleachers, thickening the hedge for the first few years after laying.\nCreated by aga-media.com", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.northwaleschronicle.co.uk/news/2017/02/13/gallery/rare-turtle-washed-up-on-anglesey-short-in-november-is-on-the-road-to-re-release-49637/", "date": "2017-11-21T17:40:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806421.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20171121170156-20171121190156-00113.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9774083495140076, "token_count": 249, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__14550921", "lang": "en", "text": "THE future looks bright for a rare turtle washed up on an Anglesey shore last November.\nMenai the turtle survived against the odds thanks to the care of staff at the Anglesey Sea Zoo and the Royal Veterinary College, London.\nRecently, Menai was taken from Anglesey to the RVC Hawkshead Campus in Hertfordshire, where she was sedated for a CT scan.\nThe turtle was originally found in a “cold stunned state,” but continues to improve and is feeding well and gaining weight.\nSince being returned to the correct temperature in her tank, Menai has had buoyancy issues which prevent her from diving.\nA CT scan helped establish the cause of her problem and how soon she can be flown abroad for re-release.\nDirector of Anglesey Sea Zoo Franki Hobro says: “The results of the scan showed Menai has no unexpected serious underlying medical issues and is in good health other than the lung damage.\n”We are now looking forward to planning the next steps towards her full recovery on the journey to get her returned to the wild.\"\nMenai is the first Olive Ridley turtle found in the UK since records began in 1748.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://icern.org/education/library/02-molecular-brain-imaging-of-huntingtons-disease/", "date": "2024-02-24T05:37:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474523.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224044749-20240224074749-00364.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8580113649368286, "token_count": 324, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__190379188", "lang": "en", "text": "Molecular brain-imaging of Huntington’s disease\nSpeaker: Professor Paul Cumming, BSc, MSc, PhD, Switzerland\nVisiting Professor, Chief Researcher, ICERN, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia\nDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland\nAdjunct Professor, School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia\nMolecular Brain Imaging of Huntington’s disease\nHuntington’s disease (HD) is a devastating genetic disorder caused by elongation, misfolding and neurotoxic aggregation of the elongated N-terminal polyglutamine (polyQ) in the mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein. Early efforts in molecular brain imaging of HD depicted the spatial pattern of reduced cerebral metabolism in positron emission tomography (PET) studies with [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Other PET studies emphasized the characteristic degeneration of medium spiny striatal projection neurons expressing high levels of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and adenosine A2 receptors. PET studies with markers for microglia activation reveal the pattern of neuroinflammation in parts of the basal ganglia of HD patients. Recent preclinical work has targeted more specific markers such as mHTT aggregates with [11C]CHDI-180R and synaptic density with [11C]UCB. Identification of the most sensitive marker of early degenerative changes would serve as an objective endpoint for studies of disease modifying treatments.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.healingbroom.com/benefits", "date": "2017-09-21T15:41:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818687833.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20170921153438-20170921173438-00477.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9148902297019958, "token_count": 443, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__145766727", "lang": "en", "text": "The Healing Broom can benefit almost every adult in a holistic way. For example, athletes and gym enthusiasts can use it as a warm-up before the sporting event or workout, senior citizens for daily low-impact workout, martial artists to relieve sore and achy muscles, computer/office workers to ease and relieve carpel tunnel and Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI), busy business men and women who can’t find time to stay in shape, and holistic health conscious individuals who want to strengthen their inner body resilience. The following summary points describe the general benefits you can gain from regular usage of the Healing Broom.\n- Improved blood circulation: helps relieve aches and pains.\n- Vibration of cells back to normalcy: cleanses off impurities, help cells shift back to their correct position.\n- Exercise: stretches and flexes muscles.\n- Stimulation of potential energy: When the human body is stimulated, it creates a natural reaction. A potential energy of self-defense automatically switches on and stimulates to activate cells and helps repair our body’s biological tissues, which leads to improved physique and health. This is known to some as the “Knife Therapy Theory” in which every living creature has this kind of potential self-defense energy. An example, when fruits from an old tree become inferior, farmers usually cut a few places on the tree trunk, branches and roots. This stimulates the tree’s potential life energy that causes newly born fruits from the same tree to become big and beautiful. This is the concept that the Healing Broom is based on. When the aching feeling passes on to the hypothalamus in your brain, it secretes H.G.H. (Growth Hormone) to nurse and heal affected areas.\n- Chi Practice: breathing therapy strengthens internal constitution.\n- Holistic Healing: stimulates your body’s acupuncture points, meridians, and reflex areas to activate your body cells and avoids dependency on medication and negative side effects.\n- Persevere and results will follow: Although results vary for each individual, make slapping entire body your daily regimen to help improve your overall wellness.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://marine.protan.com/references/sustainable-sea-lice-skirts/", "date": "2020-09-23T06:48:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400209999.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20200923050545-20200923080545-00522.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9418640732765198, "token_count": 997, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__271939002", "lang": "en", "text": "The salmon louse is a huge problem for the aquaculture industry. Fighting lice has often required chemicals and other environmental hazards. With a new innovative sea lice skirt solution, Grieg Seafood has come much closer to the dream scenario of eco-friendly delousing.\nNorwegian salmon export is big business. An all-time high was reached in 2018, with Norwegian fish farming companies exporting salmon for approximately 6.5 billion euros.\nBut even though markets are embracing the pink gold of the cold seas, the salmon louse is a constant threat. In a fully-packed fish farming cage, the louse can create serious havoc – for the fish itself, for the profitability of the fish farmer and in the end for the environment, if delousing is done the old-fashioned way.\nEarlier this year, Institute of Marine Research estimated that salmon or sea louse potentially creates losses of more than half a billion euros in various delousing efforts including cost of chemicals and decreased value of the fish itself. Professor Øystein Evensen at Norwegian University of Life Sciences was quoted by financial news website E24.no that this serious problem threatens the growth possibilities for the industry at large:\n– Looking at the numbers, the annual 1.2 million tonnes tells a story about stagnation. This number cannot grow unless the industry gets the problem of salmon louse under control.\nDelousing and cleaning cages with infected fish is a costly and time-consuming task. The continuous effort to delouse will stress the salmon and is bad for their general living conditions. A sea lice skirt around the cage eliminates some of the delousing challenges, but with Protan’s and Brisk Safety’s innovative take on the construction of the skirts, the delousing process can be even more eco-friendly.\nThe salmon louse thrives in the water closest to the surface. Mounting a protective skirt around the cage that goes 10 metres deep creates a very effective protective barrier against the lice.\nProtan has a long tradition of inventive use of technical textiles and PVC membranes. From previous experience with aquaculture products, we knew that the rough conditions of Norwegian waters would cause traditional sea lice skirts to move and float upwards and thus losing their intended function. This was the background for a new and innovative approach.\nThe indigenous solution is to create pockets at the bottom part of the skirt. The pockets will be filled with seawater, which will anchor or stabilize the skirt just like a sinker. Wind and waves will in fact increase the stability of the installation.\nThe pockets keep the skirt in place. The fish farmer will not need to be concerned that lice will enter the cage in rough weather.\nThus far, major aquaculture player Grieg Seafood has replaced half of its fish farming cages in Øksfjord in Finnmark with the improved sea lice skirts. Production manager Vidar Aamo Nikolaisen says that Grieg Seafood plans to make further tests in even more stormy and weather-beaten locations in Finnmark, the northernmost region of Norway.\nEven though pockets on skirts might sound like a simple idea after all, there is another major takeaway, which has attracted industry leaders like Grieg Seafood and Salmar to our products and solution: the skirts are made of 100 percent recyclable material.\nSINTEF, the leading independent research institute in Norway, has estimated that the aquaculture industry generates as much as 29,000 tonnes of plastic waste annually. Other estimates are calculating that 80 percent of all plastic waste in northern waters stems from aquaculture businesses. Converting to sea lice skirts made of 100 percent recyclable PVC material will be a substantial contribution to the fight against plastic waste offshore and also eliminate microplastic pollution.\nThe customer simply returns the used sea lice skirts to us. A typical recycling process for the skirts would be to grind it and reuse it in some of our other products, such as roofing materials. We are talking about a lifetime of possibly more than 60 years.\nThis is great news for an industry in search of more sustainable practices. The end customer is gradually being more concerned about the origins of the products they buy in the supermarket and under which conditions the salmon have been raised.\nProduction manager Vidar Aamo Nikolaisen at Grieg Seafood has sustainability concerns high up on his list of priorities.\n– I hope and believe recyclable and eco-friendly solutions for fish farming, like Protan’s sea lice skirts, will be a future norm for our industry.\nHow can we reduce the critical amount of plastic waste in fish farming? World leading aquaculture company Grieg Seafood has shown the way forward by pioneering sustainable and eco-friendly solutions. A great example is artificial seaweed made from 100 percent recyclable and drinking water approved PVC.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://lowica.com/index.php/tlx/", "date": "2022-05-25T13:34:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662587158.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220525120449-20220525150449-00219.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8580808043479919, "token_count": 394, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__186604043", "lang": "en", "text": "THE REVOLUTIONARY MOBILE FP4 and FP5\nLASER TREATMENT IN EQUESTRIAN SPORTS – LOWICA TLX\nINJURIES IN EQUESTRIAN SPORTS ARE NOT RARE\nWhen horses are injured, this not only means a break from competitions but often also a lengthy healing process.\nThe costs for treatment can quickly skyrocket to astronomical levels, starting with transport, boarding, and veterinary care. Having a sick horse in the stable can quickly become a burden.\nWith the mobile FP4 and FP5 laser application, which has already proven itself in human medicine, the LOWICA TLX team offers horse owners the option of fast outpatient treatment for many injuries.\nFP4 and FP5 LASER THERAPY – HOW IT WORKS\nThe laser is a source of electromagnetic radiation that, thanks to the exchange of energy at the cellular level, penetrates deep into the tissue and triggers a chain of photochemical reactions.\nThe following therapeutic effects can be achieved with laser therapy:\n– Biostimulation and regenerating\n– Draining and anti-oedematous\n– Shortening the recovery time\n– Neurogenic pain\n– Acute and chronic tendon and ligament injuries\n– Muscle strains\n– Degenerative joint disease\n– Poorly healing wounds\n– Stimulation of the immune system\n– Stimulation of cell metabolism\n– Inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages\n– Increased vascular permeability\n– Vasodilation of arterioles and capillaries\n– Return of cells to the tissue (macrophages and leukocytes)\n– Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation\n– Anti-inflammatory and anti-oedematous effect\n– Antibacterial effect", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.featuredstuff.com/classified/covid-19-test-at-home-kit--pixel-by-labcorp-buy-now-listing-5747.aspx", "date": "2024-02-27T11:19:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474674.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227085429-20240227115429-00124.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8914451003074646, "token_count": 257, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__98124899", "lang": "en", "text": "COVID-19 Test At-Home Kit - Pixel By LabCorp Buy Now\nNow you can access COVID-19 testing from home. (Pixel by LabCorp) Coronavirus at home test kit. How to buy kits just $119 Visit our website to purchase the only FDA Authorized Coronavirus at home self test kit.\nWe'll send you an at-home kit to collect your nasal swab sample and ship it back to our lab. Our lab will test your sample for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease (also called COVID-19), a respiratory illness.\nThis test is designed to determine active infection with the virus that causes COVID-19; it is NOT designed to determine the presence of antibodies or assess immunity.\nHow The Coronavirus Test Kit (COVID-19 Test At-Home Kit) Works\n1. Complete a short eligibility survey\n2. If you're eligible*, purchase your kit\n*Test requests are evaluated and, if appropriate, authorized by an independent physician.\n3. Receive your sample collection kit via FedEx\n4. Collect your sample and send it back to our world-class lab for testing\n5. Access your results online", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://skinhealthclinic.ie/product/skinmade-problem-solver-serum-blemishes-and-acne/", "date": "2024-04-23T10:18:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818474.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423095619-20240423125619-00593.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9189878106117249, "token_count": 1208, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__126773840", "lang": "en", "text": "Skinmade Problem Solver Serum- Blemishes and Acne\nFights the four symptoms of blemishes and acne:\n➢ Seborrhea (excessive sebum production)\n➢ Bacterial proliferation (growth & multiplication of bacteria)\nAlmost every teenager is affected by acne (including blemishes), boys usually more severely than girls. In addition to acne (acne vulgaris), which occurs during the hormonal changes of puberty, acne can also occur – much more rarely – as a result of hormone intake and in the context of diseases (see below). If acne occurs in adults over the age of 25, it is called acne tarda, late acne or adult acne. Blemished skin is usually recognised by its slightly greasy, shiny appearance. Open and closed blackheads appear mainly on the face, but often also on the neck, shoulders, chest and back. In moderate to severe cases, the skin is reddened and inflamed pimples, papules and pustules appear.\n[+] Hormonal changes/disorders\n[+] Medications (e.g. lithium, steroids, cortisone)\n[+] Dietary style (high amount of carbohydrates, excessive consumption of cow’s milk and milk products etc.)\n[+] Smoking and alcohol\n[+] Unsuitable skin care products and make-up that have not been tested for their so-called comedogenicity\n[+] Poor or insufficient cleansing of the skin\nPossible effects on your biomarkers\nPersonal predispositions and hormonal changes create a pro-inflammatory micro-environment. This causes increased formation of micro-comedones, which eventually lead to skin blemishes.\nThis is the term used to describe excessive sebum production. Normally, the sebaceous glands secrete an oily secretion that keeps the skin and hair supple. If certain changes occur in the hormone balance, impure skin can develop. The first visible sign is increased sebum production.\nThis refers to a thickening of the outer layer of the skin, the horny layer (stratum corneum). Due to excessive cell production and insufficient desquamation of dead, horny cells, the sebaceous gland excretory ducts are blocked and disturb or interrupt the outflow of sebum. As a result, the pores become clogged and impurities develop.\nThere is a mixture of “good” and “bad” bacteria on the skin. Propionibacterium acnes, which is classified as “bad”, multiplies greatly when it finds optimal conditions – excessive sebum production – and leads to impurities.\nThe body reacts to this excess of bacteria and the bacterial degradation products with inflammation, which becomes visible as reddened papules and pustules. In severe cases, the follicle wall can break open in the late phase. Lipids, fatty acids, horny cells, bacteria and cell fragments are released and cause extensive and deep inflammation in the surrounding tissue.\nThere are several forms of acne (acne vulgaris), which are characterised by different skin changes:\nThis is characterised by the appearance of open and closed blackheads (impurities) which are not or hardly inflamed. The number of closed blackheads clearly exceeds the number of open blackheads, especially in women. In acne comedonica, the blackheads are mainly located on the face, especially on the sides of the nose, chin and forehead.\nIn this form of acne, in addition to blackheads, there are inflammatory pustules (pus-filled protuberances of the excretory duct) and painful papules (up to five millimetres in size) and small nodules (five to ten millimetres in size) when touched. In addition to the face, the chest, back and upper arms can also be affected. Different types of scars can develop quickly or later from the inflammations.\nAcne conglobata or cystic acne\nMainly men are affected by this severe form of acne that requires medical treatment. One to two centimetre large, highly inflammatory and painful nodules form, which in the course of time merge with each other to form ducts or encapsulate as deep abscesses. After the inflammations have healed, characteristic acne scars remain.\nThere are also various other forms of acne, some examples of which are listed below:\noccurs as a complication of acne conglobata. It can lead to fever and the death of affected skin areas (skin necrosis), kidney inflammation and joint inflammation.\noccurs in newborns, but heals quickly after delivery. The cause is thought to be male sex hormones that are transferred from the mother to the embryo.\nmeans that the acne persists in infancy. A possible cause is congenital hormonal enzyme deficiency or locally over-oily skin.\nPimples and pustules caused by medication, for example cortisone preparations, vitamin B complex, iodine compounds, antidepressants or modern anti-tumour preparations.\nAcne venenata (occupational acne/contact acne)\nAffects people who work with oils or tar, for example, or who work in hot and humid environments (melting furnaces, mangles), or it is caused by blackhead-inducing ingredients in cosmetics.\nOnly logged in customers who have purchased this product may leave a review.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://velca.co.nz/blog/the-importance-of-magnesium", "date": "2019-09-23T17:43:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514577478.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20190923172009-20190923194009-00054.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8980711102485657, "token_count": 806, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__96759350", "lang": "en", "text": "The importance of Magnesium\nDon’t let cramps, cramp your style\nHave you ever been told that you may be low in magnesium?\nMagnesium deficiency commonly manifests as muscle spasms/cramps, muscular weakness, low energy, joint pain, depression, anxiety, migraines, high blood pressure, insomnia and inability to cope with stress. It is known as one of the master minerals of the body, as it is the 4th most abundant atom and is involved in over 300 pathways that help the body to function at its optimum.\nDid you know that 50% of magnesium is found in your bones, while the other 50% is distributed equally between your muscles and connective tissue? This explains the importance of magnesium for muscle activity and health (Braun & Cohen, 2014).\nOne of the main roles of magnesium within the body is to relax muscle cells, it is here that magnesium works alongside calcium (which is responsible for muscle contraction) that allows us to move. Magnesium also has a critical role in energy production and antioxidant synthesis in the muscle. Therefore without sufficient dietary intake, your muscles are less likely to relax and recover after exercise and/or after times of stress. Over time this can strain on our muscles, and injury is more likely to occur (Jahnen-Dechent & Ketteler, 2012).\nNew Zealand’s recommended daily intake of Magnesium\nWomen 19-30 years – 310 milligrams (mg)\nWomen 30+ – 320 mg\nMen 19-30 years – 400 mg\nMen 30+ – 420 mg (Ministry of Health, 2005).\nMagnesium can be sourced naturally in a wide range of foods, including dark leafy greens (spinach, kale, cabbage), pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, almonds, legumes (black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas, lentils), amaranth grain, whole grain oats, quinoa, brown rice, avocado and bananas.\nAn easy way to incorporate this into your daily diet is to ensure you have a handful of nuts daily, have at least two servings of dark leafy green vegetables and to consume one cup of whole grains daily (Braun & Cohen, 2014; Gropper, Smith, & Groff, 2009).\nIt is also very common in this day and age to be living very stressful lifestyles and as a result, our body may use more magnesium than what we consume each day. An easy way to get some extra magnesium is through magnesium Epsom salt baths. Not only is this a simple way to reduce your stress and anxiety, the magnesium is able to absorb straight into your blood stream and tissues. Below is a recipe for our favourite magnesium salt bath!\nMagnesium salt bath recipe\nAdd 1-2 cups Epsom salts to the bath (can be bought from your local health store – be wary of cheap forms as they may be impure and contain heavy metals)\n[Optional] Add 10 drops of your favourite essential oil to the bath (Lavender is a great muscle and nerve relaxant)\nSit back and relax for twenty to thirty minutes\nBraun, L., & Cohen, M. (2014). Herbs and natural supplements: An evidence-based guide (4th ed: Vol.2.). Sydney, Australia: Churchill Livingstone.\nGropper, S., Smith, J., & Groff, J. (2009). Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Sydney, Australia: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning.\nJahnen-Dechent, W., & Ketteler, M. (2012). Magnesium basics. Clinical Kidney Journal, 5(1), 13–14.\nMinistry of Health. (2005). Nutrient reference values for Australia and New Zealand: Including recommended dietary intakes. Retrieved fromhttps://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/n35.pdf", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://advanceurgentdental.com/category/services/page/2/", "date": "2020-09-20T16:19:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400198287.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20200920161009-20200920191009-00389.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.966999888420105, "token_count": 149, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__20371777", "lang": "en", "text": "Root canal means taking the nerve out from the inside of the tooth. Root canal therapy is the treatment for the teeth that are severely decayed, infected, or broken. Root canal therapy can maintain your teeth life saving them from extraction.\nWisdom teeth are mostly extracted either before or after they come in the oral cavity. They commonly become visible in the oral cavity during the late teens or early 20s. These teeth often get stuck in the jaws (impacted) and do not come out.\nAny injury to the teeth or gums can be potentially serious. Ignoring a dental problem can lead to delays in treatment, which can increase the risk of permanent damage as well as the need for more extensive and expensive treatment down the road.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://duluthchiro.com/services---techniques/fibromyalgia-syndrome.html", "date": "2020-09-29T21:06:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600402088830.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20200929190110-20200929220110-00797.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9434120059013367, "token_count": 508, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__280067774", "lang": "en", "text": "Fibromyalgia syndrome is chronic disorder which includes widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and multiple tender points in the body. Fibromyalgia affects 3-6 million people in the United States, most of which are women.\nIn order to get a fibromyalgia diagnosis, you must be able to identify 11 or more tender points in your body. Fibromyalgia is caused by a stress-induced change in metabolism and healing. Unfortunately, it is a chronic condition. It won't however, cause damage to your joints, muscles, or internal organs. People with Fibromyalgia may experience some or all of these symptoms:\n• sleep disturbances\n• morning stiffness\n• irritable bowel syndrome\n• painful menstrual periods\n• restless leg syndrome\n• temperature sensitivity\n• cognitive and memory problems\nOne of the major physical abnormalities noted with fibromyalgia lies in the actual muscle itself. It has been found that in people with fibromyalgia, there is a buildup of a protein called \"Ground Substance.\" This ground substance is normally found in muscle, bone and connective tissue all over your body. It is responsible for making the tissues stronger and less susceptible to tearing. In a person who does not have fibromyalgia, when a muscle is injured, the muscle tissue is able to regenerate and over time, completely heal itself. In a person who has fibromyalgia, the muscle is unable to do this. Instead of healing itself, an abnormally large amount of ground substance builds up in the injured area. It is the ground substance, in addition to muscle spasm that creates the muscle 'knots' associated with fibromyalgia.\nFibromyalgia Syndrome Treatment\nFibromyalgia treatment often requires a team approach, utilizing chiropractic care, trigger point therapy, massage, dietary changes, as well as exercises and stretching. Another great option for treatment for those suffering from fibromyalgia that we offer in our office is something called Rapid Release Therapy. Rapid Release Therapy is focused on relief of muscle and joint pain. It uses targeted high speed vibration to deliver compression waves to the muscles and joints. It uses the optimum frequency along with a short 2mm stroke, resulting in a powerful yet gentle therapy. It offers relief of soft tissue problems affecting the nerves, muscles, tendons and ligaments.\nAre you experiencing pain from fibromyalgia syndrome? If so, don't hesitate to give your Duluth Chiropractor a call today and stop living in pain.Call us today for a FREE consultation!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.sabinshahmd.com/femoral-shaft-fracture-orthopedic-sports-medicine-surgeon-grand-rapids-detroit-mi/", "date": "2024-04-24T18:40:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819847.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424174709-20240424204709-00377.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9077714681625366, "token_count": 998, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__174597716", "lang": "en", "text": "What is Femoral Shaft Fracture?\nA femoral shaft fracture is a crack or break anywhere along the long and straight section of the femur (thighbone) due to high-energy trauma or low-energy trauma in osteoporotic patients. The femur is the strongest and longest bone in the body. It connects with the pelvis at the top to form the hip joint and the tibia and fibula at the bottom to form the knee joint.\nTypes of Femoral Shaft Fracture\nFemoral fractures are classified into different types based on the site of the fracture, pattern of the fracture, and whether the muscle and skin over the bone is ruptured by the injury.\nIn general, femoral shaft fractures can be divided into the following common types:\n- Transverse fracture: This type of fracture occurs along the femoral shaft in a horizontal line pattern.\n- Oblique fracture: In this type, the fracture occurs across the shaft in an angled line pattern.\n- Spiral fracture: In this type, the fracture line surrounds the shaft and occurs as a result of a twisting force.\n- Comminuted fracture: This type of fracture involves a splinter or break of bone into 3 or more pieces.\n- Open fracture: This is also known as a compound fracture and is the most serious form of femoral shaft fracture in which the fracture causes the bone pieces to stick out through the skin to the outer environment resulting in serious injury to surrounding soft tissue structures, such as muscles, ligaments, and tendons.\nCauses of Femoral Shaft Fracture\nSome of the common causes of femoral shaft fractures include:\n- High-energy trauma, such as motor vehicle collisions or contact sports\n- Low-energy trauma in the elderly, such as a fall from standing\n- Pedestrian versus automobile accident\n- Falls from height\n- Mineral deficiency\n- Gunshot trauma\n- Direct blow to the femoral shaft\nSigns and Symptoms of Femoral Shaft Fracture\nSome of the signs and symptoms of femoral shaft fractures include:\n- Difficulty walking\n- Leg-length discrepancy\n- Inability to bear weight\nDiagnosis of Femoral Shaft Fracture\nTo diagnose a femoral shaft fracture, your doctor will review your symptoms and medical history and conduct a thorough physical examination to look for signs of swelling, bruises, rupture of the skin, or any other bone deformities. In order to confirm the diagnosis and obtain further information on the severity of the fracture, your doctor may recommend:\n- X-rays: This study uses high electromagnetic energy beams to produce images of the bones and helps to detect whether the femur is intact or broken and the type of fracture and its location.\n- CT scan: This scan uses special x-rays that produce images of the cross-section of your limb with clear images of any damage present that is not visible in an x-ray. It provides your doctor with crucial information about the severity of the fracture.\nTreatment for Femoral Shaft Fracture\nSurgery is the most preferred choice of treatment for femoral shaft fractures as most fractures require surgical intervention to heal. However, fractures in children until 5 years are sometimes treated with conservative measures such as a cast.\n- Casting: In this method, a spica cast is used to hold the fractured bone fragments in proper position until the bone heals. A cast is a covering made of plastic or fiber that encases the affected limb to stabilize the bone.\n- Traction: This method is employed if a significant leg-length discrepancy is noted and involves placing the limb in a weight and counterweight system (traction) to ensure the bones are realigned properly to stabilize the bone.\n- External fixation: This method is performed in case you have multiple injuries. Your doctor will place metal screws and pins inside the bone which will be attached to a rod present outside the skin. This helps in stabilizing the bones.\n- Intramedullary nailing: In this method, a rod is passed along the broken bone and intramedullary nails made of titanium are fixed above and below the femoral shaft to stabilize and heal it.\n- Plates and screws: In this procedure, your doctor will reposition the fragmented bones and align them by fixing it with screws and metal plates. The plates and screws method is employed when intramedullary nailing is not a viable option.\nAfter the surgery, your doctor will recommend physical therapy to strengthen the bone and surrounding muscles and to help ensure return to optimum function as quickly as possible. However, complete healing of most femoral shaft fractures takes around 3 to 6 months or longer.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://greenshoresnyc.org/1/post/2014/05/greening-western-queens-perennial-planting-workshop-2014.html", "date": "2017-10-22T09:53:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187825174.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20171022094207-20171022114207-00528.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8608726859092712, "token_count": 122, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__176082448", "lang": "en", "text": "Greening Western Queens Perennial Planting Workshop 2014!\nSaturday, May 17, 2014\n10am to 1pm\n(rain date is Sunday, May 18)\nHoyt Avenue North and 24th Street\nLearn about native perennials and how they enhance the soil in tree beds and improve the health of our young trees!\nHelp plant perennials that will bloom every year and attract butterflies and birds to enhance the local ecosystem.\nTools and refreshments will be provided.\nPlease rsvp by contacting Bin at:\nor call: (917) 613-5742", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.myadbaby.com/en/diaper-rash/what-casues-diaper-rash/", "date": "2018-12-11T21:28:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376823702.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20181211194359-20181211215859-00266.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8928004503250122, "token_count": 154, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__132255842", "lang": "en", "text": "What Causes Diaper Rash?\nBabies are so susceptible to diaper rash that wet and soiled diapers can irritate baby's delicate skin. Naturally, if your baby is in a wet diaper for too long, she will be more prone to getting a rash.\nSome of the most common causes of diaper rash to be aware of are:\n- Irritation due to bowel movements and diarrhea\n- Irritation due to moisture from urine\n(even the most absorbent diapers leave some wetness behind)\n- Not drying the skin thoroughly after a diaper change\n- Diaper chafing/friction\n- Allergic reaction to ingredients found in diaper wipes, laundry detergent, soap, lotion\n- Change in food or introducing new foods", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pcci.montp.inserm.fr/index.php/research/diagnostic-and-therapeutic-innovation/", "date": "2020-10-29T11:38:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107904039.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20201029095029-20201029125029-00382.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8682466745376587, "token_count": 220, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__147802062", "lang": "en", "text": "This team is involved in three major domains\nInnovative diagnostic approaches\n- To develop new technical approaches to address the current analytical barriers (flexibility, multiplexing, assays based on T cell analysis, duration and cost).\n- To develop molecular or immunological tools that can be combined with automated platforms or, on the contrary, with easy-to-handle rapid and portable tests according to the targeted needs.\nNew approaches and tests for low and middle income (LMI) countries\n- To develop diagnosis assays adapted to LMI countries\n- To scaling up testing in field and decentralized environments\n- To provide data about HIV, viral hepatitis, TB and others infectious diseases in LMI countries\nPrevention of the transmission of infectious agents (vertical , sexual , transfusional transmisions , IV drugs & other parenteral ways)\n- To improve the development of more flexible innovative diagnostic strategies to face known and emerging infectious and immunological risks for improving blood safety.\n- To develop diagnostic strategies for future personalized medicine in the context of the prevention of chronic infections.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.everymileearned.com/2015/06/irun-4-pkd.html", "date": "2018-11-14T22:48:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039742316.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20181114211915-20181114233915-00379.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9745448231697083, "token_count": 850, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__25935934", "lang": "en", "text": "PKD. Polycystic kidney disease.\nThe following information is from National Kidney Foundation (I've abbreviated some the page here)\nWhat is polycystic kidney disease?\nPolycystic kidney disease (also called PKD) causes numerous cysts to grow in the kidneys. These cysts are filled with fluid. If too many cysts grow or if they get too big, the kidneys can become damaged. PKD cysts can slowly replace much of the kidneys, reducing kidney function and leading to kidney failure.\nHow common is PKD?\nIn the United States about 600,000 people have PKD. It is the fourth leading cause of kidney failure. It is found in all races and occurs equally in men and women. It causes about 5% of all kidney failure.\nWhat other organs besides the kidney are affected by PKD?\nPKD can affect other organs besides the kidney. People with PKD may have cysts in their liver, pancreas, spleen, ovaries, and large bowel. Cysts in these organs usually do not cause serious problems, but can in some people. PKD can also affect the brain or heart. If PKD affects the brain, it can cause an aneurysm. An aneurysm is a bulging blood vessel that can burst, resulting in a stroke or even death. If PKD affects the heart, the valves can become floppy, resulting in a heart murmur in some patients.\nDoes everyone with PKD develop kidney failure?\nNo. About 50 percent of people with PKD will have kidney failure by age 60, and about 60 percent will have kidney failure by age 70. People with kidney failure will need dialysis or a kidney transplant.\nHow is PKD treated?\nAt present, there is no cure for PKD. However, a lot of research is being done. Many studies suggest that some treatments may slow the rate of kidney disease in PKD, but further research is needed before these treatments can be used in patients. Other studies are helping us understand the genetic basis of PKD.\nWho is at risk for developing PKD?\nPKD runs in families. It is an inherited disorder that is passed from parents to children through genes. Genes are the basic elements of heredity. At conception, children receive a set of genes from each parent. They determine many characteristics such as hair color and eye color. Genes can also determine the likelihood of developing a disease.\nIf you're asking why PKD speaks to my heart it's because it runs in my family. My grandmother and uncle had it (both are now deceased), my mom, my aunt, a cousin and another family member have it. My aunt has been on a kidney transplant waiting list for 3 years now and my mom's kidney function is almost to the point of needing dialysis or seeing if she'd be eligible to be placed on the waiting list.\nSo far I have not been diagnosed with this but I continue to watch for signs. Two family members were outside the normal ages of diagnosis when they found out they have it so I know it can show up at anytime.\niRun 4 PKD for those who can't. My mom's kidneys are so large that she has a hard time walking very fast or playing with her grandkids or doing chores around the house without her ribs pushing on her kidneys. She would love to be more active than she is but is limited by pain.\niRun 4 PKD for those laying on a bed in a dialysis ward, having the toxins pulled from their blood by a machine because their kidneys no longer can do it.\niRun 4 PKD for my children's future. Even though I don't have this disease, my children still have a chance of having it passed to them. I hope by raising money for research and treatments I can give them hope in a future without PKD.\nPlease go to my donation page, Kirsten Reynolds Run for PKD, to read a little more about my mission this year and to make a donation for PKD.\nThank you for partnering with me to fight this disease.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.lefkowitzlab.org/", "date": "2024-04-20T03:15:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817474.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420025340-20240420055340-00050.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9571095108985901, "token_count": 634, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__133092848", "lang": "en", "text": "A Bit About Robert J. Lefkowitz\nDr. Lefkowitz is the Chancellor’s Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Professor of Biochemistry at Duke University. He has been an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute since 1976. He was the 2012 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, a prize he shared with his former trainee Dr. Brian Kobilka, who is currently a Professor at Stanford.\nLefkowitz was born on April 15, 1943, in The Bronx, New York.\nHe graduated from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1966 with an M.D. Degree. After serving an internship and one year of general medical residency at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, he served as Clinical and Research Associate at the National Institutes of Health from 1968 to 1970.\nUpon completing his medical residency and research and clinical training in 1973 at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston he joined the faculty at Duke where he has worked ever since.\nLefkowitz studies receptor biology and signal transduction and is most well-known for his detailed characterizations of the sequence, structure and function of the β-adrenergic and related receptors and for the discovery and characterization of the two families of proteins which regulate them, the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinases and β-arrestins.\nIn the mid-1980s and 1990’s he and his colleagues discovered that all GPCRs (which include the β-adrenergic receptor) have a very similar molecular structure. About 1,000 different receptors in the human body belong to this same family. As a result researchers now understand how to effectively target the largest receptor family in the human body. Today, as many as 30-50 percent of all prescription drugs are designed to “fit” like keys into the similarly structured locks of Lefkowitz’ receptors-everything from anti-histamines to ulcer drugs to beta blockers that help relieve hypertension, angina and coronary disease.\nIn 1988, he was inducted into both the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and in 1994, he was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.\nLefkowitz has received more than 70 awards for his work on cellular receptors, including the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1988), the Association of America Medical Colleges’ Biomedical Research Award (1990), the American Heart Association’s Basic Research Prize (1990) and its Research Achievement Award (2009), the Bristol-Myers Squibb Award for Distinguished Achievement in Cardiovascular Research (1992), the National Academy of Sciences’ Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal (2001), Fred Conrad Koch Award of The Endocrine Society (2001), and nine honorary doctorates. In 2007 he received the Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research and The Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine. He received the 2007 National Medal of Science, presented by President George W. Bush on Sept. 29, 2008, and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2012.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.uprosa.com/events-2019/2019/5/11/ggjkzge6ck9zhmznzfu2n239dxbb3q", "date": "2019-08-22T21:19:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027317359.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20190822194105-20190822220105-00166.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9301574230194092, "token_count": 232, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__73107403", "lang": "en", "text": "You’re in possession of one of the most complex and incredible objects in the known universe: the human brain. It isn’t much to look at – a wrinkled pink blob with the texture of soft tofu, yet it’s what has enabled our species to build civilisations, create great art and fly to the moon.\nHow does a 1.4 kilogram tangle of nerve cells allow you to sense, understand and change the world? How does it support thought, memoryand consciousness? What is intelligence and how does it change as we grow older? Are male and female brains so different? What are the profound connections between the human brain and body? And what happens when things go wrong?\nJoin six experts working at the forefront of neuroscience, genetics and psychiatry to answer these questions and more. Discover why this is the most exciting time in the history of brain science.\nAnyone interested in neuroscience, whatever your age or background. Whether you're a scientist, a student or simply a fascinated human being, Instant Expert: Mysteries of the Mind offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.injurylaw-carolinas.com/how-a-small-hospital-mistake-c/index.html", "date": "2021-05-19T02:58:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991562.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20210519012635-20210519042635-00425.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9504443407058716, "token_count": 673, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__177110343", "lang": "en", "text": "Workers at Greenville Health System have identified a piece of equipment they believe is responsible for infecting 14 people with atypical mycobacterium during routine surgeries, according to a recent news report from WLTX 19.\nThe first infection was diagnosed in March 2014, although the surgery that introduced the infection may have happened much earlier because the bacterium has a long incubation period, according to hospital officials. One of the fourteen patients diagnosed with the infection died, although hospital officials believe the cause of death was another underlying medical condition, not the infection itself.\nWhat is an Atypical Microbacterium?\nAtypical microbacterium are a group of bacteria in the same family as the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. While atypical microbacteria do not cause tuberculosis, they can cause other infections and illnesses. They can be found in water, soil, some unpasteurized food items like raw milk, and in animals.\nHow Do People Become Infected with Atypical Microbacteria?\nSome people carry the bacteria naturally within their bodies and show no signs of disease. It is also possible to “catch” an atypical microbacterium from a number of sources. A simple failure to observe proper sterilization and hygiene procedures can cause an infection, especially in a hospital or medical setting. It’s also possible to get the infection from food that has not been properly prepared, from exposure to infected animals, or from other sources.\nAtypical microbacterium infections are rarely transmitted from person to person. If a loved one has such an infection, however, proper hygiene procedures like regular handwashing are essential.\nWhat Are the Symptoms?\nSymptoms of an atypical microbacterium infection include coughing, fever, weakness, and weight loss. People who have weakened immune systems, are already ill with another virus or infection, have lung disease or lung damage, or who drink or smoke heavily are at a higher risk of becoming infected than individuals who do not fit into any of these categories.\nBecause the symptoms of an atypical microbacterial infection can mimic the symptoms of tuberculosis, it is important to ensure the diagnosis is correct. One way doctors attempt to distinguish between tuberculosis and an atypical microbacterium infection is by performing a chest x-ray or other tests.\nI Think I Have an Infection. What Should I Do?\nFirst, see your doctor if you haven’t already. Before your appointment, try to recall everything you can about when the symptoms started, how they have changed or stayed the same over time, and what you have done to treat them. Write this information down if writing will help you remember it. The more information your doctor has, the more effectively he or she can treat you.\nNext, if you know or suspect that your infection was the result of negligent treatment by another person or party, consider speaking to an experienced injury lawyer.\nIf you’ve been injured in a hospital, nursing home or other medical facility in South Carolina, don’t wait: call an experienced personal injury lawyer who can answer your questions and help you protect your legal rights. Call us today at 1.800.533.6845 for a free and confidential injury consultation.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.derminstitute.org/services/skin-cancer", "date": "2022-05-21T09:44:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662539049.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20220521080921-20220521110921-00582.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9440636038780212, "token_count": 508, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__200544147", "lang": "en", "text": "Did you know skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in America? At The Dermatology Institute of Georgia, Dr. Felicity M. Warren offers thorough skin cancer screenings and care to residents of both Lilburn and Acworth, Georgia. It’s never too early or too late to have a comprehensive professional skin cancer screening. Schedule your appointment today by calling the office or using the online scheduling tool.\nThere are three main kinds of skin cancer. While some types of cancer begin in other areas and spread to the skin, true skin cancer originates in skin cells.\nThe three types of skin cancer include:\nEach of these skin cancers has a unique treatment path, but early detection is the key to a favorable outcome. Learning what to look for is essential, but taking the time actually to check your skin from head to toe for irregularities is sometimes easier said than done.\nBasal cell and squamous cell cancers reside in areas that get regular sun exposure, like your head or arms. They often appear as new sores, bumps, or growths that don’t heal quickly.\nThey can be red, pink, translucent, or varied in color. These areas of skin can also be flat or raised or rough or smooth.\nMelanoma often appears in the form of a new or unusual mole. Most people have one or more moles, but when they have irregular borders, are blotchy in color, or grow larger, Dr. Warren needs to check them out.\nDiagnosis begins with a thorough physical examination. Dr. Felicity Warren checks for any irregularities in your skin. If she sees anything troubling, she takes a biopsy, which is a small sample of skin cells. Lab testing can determine if the sample contains cancerous cells.\nAccording to the American Academy of Dermatology, nearly 10,000 Americans receive a skin cancer diagnosis every year.\nDr. Warren guides you to the treatment that’s best for you, depending on the type of skin cancer, its location, and how advanced it is.\nStandard skin cancer treatment options usually include:\nThere may be a genetic component to skin cancer, but there are also plenty of things you can do to prevent cancer from developing. A rigorous program of sun protection is a great place to start, and routine skin cancer screenings are also important.\nYour skin cancer screening is just a quick phone call away. Reach out to The Dermatology Institute of Georgia to book your appointment today.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.suretyproperty.com.au/blog/not-all-termite-are-bad-for-homeowners-but-you-need-to-know-when-they-are-bad/", "date": "2024-03-01T03:44:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474948.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301030138-20240301060138-00685.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9638329148292542, "token_count": 486, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__12844610", "lang": "en", "text": "“Most of them are quite safe,” science teacher and conservationist Greg Smith told 891 ABC Adelaide‘s Weekends program.\n“There are only really a handful that are dangerous to human structures.”\nMr Smith said throughout South Australia’s Mount Lofty Ranges there were two main types of termites — mound-building termites and subterranean termites.\nThe good termites\n“The mound builders actually eat grass — so they are not a real problem at all,” Mr Smith said.\nHe said the mound-building termites were a vital part of the ecosystem.\n“Some bird species eat termites and won’t breed at all without them,” Mr Smith said.\nBird breeders actively harvest termites to feed their animals during breeding seasons but leave the mounds intact.\n“We don’t destroy the mounds when we see them, we just take a section of it out and then cover it back up,” Mr Smith said.\nThe heath goanna (Varanus rosenbergi) lays its eggs in termite mounds.\nThe goanna is classified as vulnerable in South Australia by the environment department, with several areas now listing them as endangered.\n“They are almost extinct in the [Adelaide] Hills,” Mr Smith said.\nThe bad termites\n“The subterranean ones will travel underground for up to 200 metres, into a new food source, which may be your house,” Mr Smith said.\nIn suburbia he said the average residential block was about 10 metres wide, which would give a termite nest up to 20 houses in its range.\nMr Smith said people wanting to rid a home block of termites needed to be aware of the longevity of chemicals if used.\n“Anything that can kill something is not going to do us any favours in the long run.”\n“It might kill an insect in a few minutes, but I always worry about the long-term affects on ourselves.”\nMr Smith recommended home users check which type of termite nest they have discovered before attempting to destroy it.\nIf it was a breed that was a threat to buildings, he suggested owners check the contents and warnings of poisons before using them around homes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://newmindfullife.com/meditation-guide/mindfulness-therapy/the-biology-of-oneness-good-energy/", "date": "2023-09-23T17:22:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506528.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20230923162848-20230923192848-00323.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9237765073776245, "token_count": 474, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__324491728", "lang": "en", "text": "The Vagus: A Biological Mechanism for Oneness?\nby: Matthew S. Goodman, MA, BCB\nWhen we are feeling more emotionally connected to people around us, our heart rhythms are more in sync with one another, suggesting a state of interpersonal “coherence.” When you are in a room filled with “good energy,” or are deeply tuned into your partner, the cells in your body are actually reflecting this harmony on a physiological level. Heart rate rhythms and the generation of a “coherent” state are mediated by a fascinating, and generally overlooked, structure in our nervous system. Let me introduce you to the vagus nerve.\nThe vagus nerve runs from the brainstem to other parts of the body, including the heart and digestive tract. According to Stephen Porges and the “Polyvagal Theory,” the vagus evolved to serve three distinct mechanisms: 1) immobilization or “shutdown,” 2) sympathetic or “fight or flight,” and 3) social engagement.\nSo how, exactly, does this nerve influence these different states? Threats to an individual, whether external (a dark alley) or internal (worrying about the future), lead to vagal withdrawal and prepare us for defensive action, or “fight or flight.”. Trauma may lead to immobilization or shutdown of the system. When we feel safe, however, and are able to self-regulate our internal activity, the “rest,” “digest,” and “heal” part of our body kicks on and allows the evolutionarily-newer branch of the vagus to activate our social engagement system. When this occurs, our heart rates become rhythmic, juices start churning and digesting in our guts, and we’re better able to sense into our bodies. In sum, we feel more connected.\nInterestingly, meditation is one way to gain better control of this vagal mechanism. Both increased attentional control and slow breathing patterns contribute to better vagal regulation. This should come as no surprise, considering a common effect of one’s meditation (or other contemplative) practice is feeling more connected to others- or feeling “oneness.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.journaljabb.com/index.php/JABB/article/view/30135", "date": "2020-03-28T23:48:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370493121.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20200328225036-20200329015036-00308.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8013587594032288, "token_count": 1027, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-16", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__160110079", "lang": "en", "text": "Main Article Content\nAims: This study aims to define criteria for the main physical and chemical characteristics of the environmental niches populated with electrochemically active microorganisms, capable to perform anaerobic respiration and potentially used in Bio-electrochemical systems such as Microbial Fuel Cells.\nStudy Design: In this study, specific parameters of the environment in water bodies (such as lakes, streams etc.) and their bottom layers are analyzed. The main parameters of interest include the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water column, the organic matter content in the sediments and the presence of alternative electron acceptors (such as iron and manganese ions) to support anaerobic respiration. Sediment microorganisms are characterized for their electrochemical and biodegradation activity.\nPlace and Duration of Study: The tested sediment and water samples were collected from \"Poda\" Protected Site located on the outfall of Lake “Uzungeren”, south of City of Burgas, Bulgaria.\nMethodology: The samples were analyzed employing TGA, ICP and microbiological methods focusing on chemical, physical and biological conditions available for anaerobic respiration in this ecological niche.\nResults: The results show very low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (from 1.4 to 2.2 mg/dm3 in the various locations). The conductivity and the pH values measured were relatively high and the mean values obtained are 5230 μS/cm and 8.2 respectively. The sediment samples demonstrated very high organic matter content (22.5% of the dry mass) and relatively high levels of iron and manganese.\nMicrobial fuel cell powered by mixed bacterial culture isolated from the tested sediment samples demonstrated stable performance reaching power density of 3.5 W/m2 and the COD removal rate of 42 mgO2/dm3 per day.\nConclusion: The result confirms the initial hypothesis that electrochemically active microorganisms are available in environments with high concentration of organic matter, iron and manganese in combination with low availability of dissolved oxygen. Mixed culture of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the tested sediment sample was successfully implemented to power Microbial Fuel Cell.\nPham T, Rabaey K, Aelterman P, Clauwaert P, De Schamphelaire L, Boon N, Verstraete W. Microbial fuel cells in relation to conventional anaerobic digestion technology. Eng Life Sci. 2006; 6:285-292.\nZhi W, Ge Z, He Z, Zhang H. Methods for understanding microbial community structures and functions in microbial fuel cells: А review. Biores Technol. 2014;171: 461-468.\nRabaey K, Verstraete W. Microbial fuel cells: Novel biotechnology for energy generation. Trends Biotechnol. 2005;23(6): 291-298.\nSlonczewski JL, Foster JW. Microbiology: An Evolving Science. 2nd Ed. New York: W.W. Norton; 2011.\nLogan BE, Hamelers B, Rozendal R, Schroder U, et al. Microbial Fuel Cells: Methodology and Technology. Environ Sci Technol. 2006;40:5181-5192.\nReguera G, Nevin KP, Nicoll JS, Covalla SF, Woodard TL, Lovley DR. Biofilm and Nanowire Production Leads to Increased Current in Geobacter sulfurreducens Fuel Cells. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006; 72(11):7345-7348.\nDen Heyer C, Kalff J. Organic matter mineralization rates in sediments: A within‐ and among‐lake study. Limnol Oceanogr. 1998;43:695-705.\nMeyers PA, Ishiwatari R. Lacustrine organic geochemistry. An overview of indicators of organic matter sources and diagenesis in lake sediments. Org Geochem. 1993;20(7)8:867-900.\nEhrlich HL, Newman DK. Geomicrobiology, 5th Ed. New York: CRC Press; 2008.\nFricke K, Harnisch F, Schroder U. On the use of cyclic voltammetry for the study of anodic electron transfer in microbial fuel cells. Energy Environ Sci. 2008;1:144- 147.\nRabaey K, Boon N, Siciliano SD, Verhaege M, Verstraete W. Biofuel cells select for microbial consortia that self-mediate electron transfer. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004;70:5373–5382.\nZhang T, Cui C, Chen S, Ai X, et al. A novel mediatorless microbial fuel cell based on direct biocatalysis of Escherichia coli. Chem Comm. 2006;21: 2257–2259.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://indianaacademyofscience.org/research-grants/", "date": "2024-02-22T14:04:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473819.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222125841-20240222155841-00640.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9472751617431641, "token_count": 286, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__1352379", "lang": "en", "text": "The Senior Research Grants Program provides grants of up to $3000 for Academy members or the undergraduate or graduate students they sponsor to support the purchase of supplies, travel costs, salaries of research assistants, field costs, and limited equipment purchases. While the selection process favors applications from investigators with limited resources, start-up projects, and those with special impact on Indiana, a wide variety of projects have been funded in the past. The deadlines for the submission of proposals to the chair of the Research Grants Committee are 15 September and 1 March of each year\nIf you have questions e-mail email@example.com.\nThe Winona Welch Award for Botanical Biodiversity Research supports biodiversity research (e.g., surveys and systematics) of plants and their allies (e.g., algae and fungi). One award of $400.00 is made each year for worthy proposals.\nThe Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Grants support projects that promote an environment in which all individuals share a sense of belonging, feel respected, are treated fairly, are provided opportunities to develop professionally, and can excel in their chosen career paths.\nThe Academy’s INDIANA COMMUNITY GRANTS initiative provides funding to IAS senior scientist members for science education projects and programming presented by other Indiana organizations in which they are involved; organizations with similar goals as the Academy, and further the importance of Indiana science.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.humanbodyhelp.com/loose-areolar-connective-tissue/", "date": "2022-08-10T02:28:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00473.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8813961148262024, "token_count": 258, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__54340418", "lang": "en", "text": "- Elastic fiber (looks as if someone drew a line on the slide with a sharp pencil)\n- Collagen fibers (arranged in a loose fashion)\n- Fibers (collagen, elastic, and reticular) are loosely organized, so this tissue can distort without damage.\n- Elastic fibers make the tissue resilient. This tissue returns to its original shape when distorted.\n- The matrix is thick/viscus (the consistency of clear maple syrup)\n- There are many cells that can be found in this tissue:\n- Fibroblasts (that make the fibers)\n- Mast cells (that initiate inflammatory response)\n- Macrophages (that patrol for and destroy foreign invaders like bacteria)\n- White blood cells (that patrol for and destroy foreign invaders like bacteria)\n- Provides padding/cushion\n- Has elastic properties to allow for movement\n- This tissue is one of the packaging materials of the body.\n- Forms a layer that separates skin from deeper structures.\n- Forms lamina propria of mucus membranes (the foundation layer that connects the mucus membranes to what lies underneath)\n- Packages organs\n- Surrounds capillaries", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://gkbooks.in/structure-and-function-of-nucleus/", "date": "2024-03-01T04:32:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474948.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301030138-20240301060138-00159.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9218243956565857, "token_count": 1388, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__49283959", "lang": "en", "text": "The nucleus is a crucial part of a cell that controls nearly all of its activities. Cells are broadly classified into two types based on whether they have a nucleus or not – prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have one. This classification helps us understand different types of cells.\nWhat is a Nucleus?\nThe most important part of a cell is the nucleus (more than one is called nuclei). The word “nucleus” comes from Latin, meaning the “kernel of a nut.”\nA nucleus is a vital part of eukaryotic cells, surrounded by a double membrane, and it holds the genetic material.\nA diagram shows the different parts of a nucleus. It’s essential to note that only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells have a nucleoid.\nAs mentioned earlier, the nucleus is exclusive to eukaryotic cells, setting them apart. However, some cells, like red blood cells (RBCs), don’t have a nucleus, even though they come from eukaryotic organisms.\nStructure Of Nucleus\nUsually, the nucleus is the most noticeable part of the cell.\n- The nucleus is entirely surrounded by membranes.\n- It is surrounded by a structure called the nuclear envelope.\n- This membrane separates the cytoplasm from the materials inside the nucleus.\n- The cell’s chromosomes are also enclosed within it.\n- DNA is found in the chromosomes, and they hold the genetic information needed to make various cell parts and to reproduce life.\nThe nucleus has important functions:\n- Hereditary Information and Control: It holds the cell’s genetic information and manages the cell’s growth and reproduction.\n- Membrane-Bound Structure: Described as a structure surrounded by membranes, it contains the cell’s genetic material.\n- Active Cellular Processes: Beyond being a storage for DNA, the nucleus is involved in vital cellular activities.\n- DNA Replication: The nucleus enables the duplication of DNA through a process called DNA Replication, creating an exact copy.\n- Cell Division: This duplication is the initial step in cell division, ensuring each new cell has its set of instructions.\n- Transcription Site: The nucleus serves as the site for transcription, generating various types of RNA from DNA. It’s like making copies of specific pages of the body’s instructions that can be read by the rest of the cell.\n- Biology’s Central Rule: Following the fundamental rule of biology, DNA is copied into RNA, and then proteins are formed.\nFrequently Asked Questions about the Nucleus\nQ1. What important polymer is located in the nucleus?\nAnswer: The DNA, which is the genetic material of the cell, is a polymer of nucleotides found within the nucleus.\nQ2. Can DNA leave the nucleus?\nAnswer: Eukaryotic DNA does not leave the nucleus but is copied into RNA molecules, which may then travel out of the nucleus.\nQ3. What is the difference between a nucleus and a nucleoid?\nAnswer: A nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle housing DNA in eukaryotes, while a nucleoid is an irregularly shaped region housing genetic material in prokaryotes.\nQ4. What is the difference between a nucleus and a nucleolus?\nAnswer: The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle containing DNA, while the nucleolus is a sub-organelle within the nucleus responsible for RNA synthesis and ribosome formation.\nQ5. What is the nucleus?\nAnswer: The nucleus is a vital organelle enclosed by a double membrane. It holds genetic material and instructions crucial for cellular processes. This organelle is exclusively present in eukaryotic cells and ranks among the largest in a cell.\nQ6. What is the structure of the Nucleus?\nAnswer: The nucleus features a double-membraned envelope, known as the nuclear membrane. It houses the nucleolus, occupying 25% of the volume. Thread-like structures called chromatins, containing proteins and DNA, are also present. Mechanical strength is provided by the nuclear matrix, a network of fibers similar to the cytoskeleton.\nQ7. What are the functions of the nucleus?\nAnswer: The nucleus serves two primary functions:\n- DNA Storage: It stores the cell’s hereditary material, DNA.\n- Cellular Coordination: The nucleus coordinates essential cellular activities like protein synthesis, cell division, growth, and various other crucial functions.\nQ8. How does the nucleus contribute to cell reproduction?\nAnswer: The nucleus plays a crucial role in cell reproduction by facilitating DNA replication through a process known as DNA Replication. This ensures the creation of identical genetic material, a fundamental step in cell division.\nQ9. Can you explain the significance of the nucleolus within the nucleus?\nAnswer: Certainly. The nucleolus, located within the nucleus, is responsible for the assembly of ribosomes, essential for protein synthesis. It occupies a quarter of the nucleus’s volume, emphasizing its importance in cellular functions.\nQ10. Who discovered the cell nucleus?\nAnswer: The nucleus was first discovered by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek during his study of microorganisms, and its details were further described by Robert Brown in 1831.\nQ11. Do prokaryotes have a nucleus?\nAnswer: Prokaryotic cells, including bacteria and archaea, lack a true nucleus. Instead, they have a membrane-less nucleoid region that contains their free-floating DNA.\nQ12. Do archaebacteria and eubacteria have a nucleus?\nAnswer: Both archaebacteria and eubacteria, being prokaryotic organisms, lack all membrane-bound organelles, including the nucleus.\nQ13: Do viruses have a nucleus?\nAnswer: Viruses do not possess any cell organelles, including a nucleus.\nQ14. Do protists have a nucleus?\nAnswer: Yes, protists, as eukaryotic cells, have a membrane-bound nucleus that houses their genetic material.\nQ15. Do fungi and amoeba have a nucleus?\nAnswer: Yes, fungi and amoeba, being eukaryotes, have a membrane-bound nucleus within their cells.\nQ16. Do white blood cells have a nucleus?\nAnswer: Yes, white blood cells, or leucocytes, have a distinct nucleus that sets them apart from other blood cells.\nExplore More Topics on Biology:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://pin-acupuncture.com/about/specialties/", "date": "2013-05-25T00:49:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705305291/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115505-00069-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9271355867385864, "token_count": 3788, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__193648648", "lang": "en", "text": "Those who suffer from allergies and chronic pain throughout the season often turn to over-the-counter medicines despite common side effects that include drowsiness, dizziness, dryness, fatigue, insomnia, nervousness, and digestive disturbance. These medications suppress your immune system and can even cause chemical dependency. Worse still, Medicinal treatment of allergies targets only the symptoms and not the root cause. Those who seek a natural and effective alternative need search no further than Traditional Chinese Medicine.\nWhat TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) Can Treat:\nAllergies and Traditional Chinese Medicine\nThe prime objective behind Traditional Chinese Medicine is complete relief from acute symptoms in addition to the correction of root energy imbalances that are causing those symptoms. Most allergy symptoms are related to underlying disharmonies involving Wei Qi (or defensive energy), Spleen Qi, and Kidney Qi - all of which I explain below.\nWei Qi and Lung Qi: With Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), illness prevention begins by fortifying the protective layer around the exterior of the body called Wei Qi, or your defensive energy. A strong and healthy Wei Qi is your body’s initial protection against all external pathogens. If defensive energy is weak, “wind pathogens” transmitted through the air will enter the body. This combination of wind borne pathogens and a deficient Wei Qi is a recipe for illness. People with Wei Qi deficiency catch colds easily and allergy symptoms may be particularly bad in windy seasons such as the spring or the fall.\nPatients with seasonal allergies, chronic cough and/or recurrent colds and flu are also likely to have lung deficiencies, since Wei Qi and immune function are part of the lung’s energy. Lung Qi controls the domain of the skin, lungs, nose, sinuses, and respiratory passages.\nSpleen Qi: Behind every weak immune system is a Spleen Qi deficiency. The spleen is an integral part of the digestive system. It is the job of the spleen to transform food into healthy energies. If Spleen Qi is weak, it is unable to efficiently distribute this healthy Qi throughout the systems of your body. Thus the immune system suffers. Spleen Qi deficiency is usually accompanied by dampness: fluids fail to metabolize and often end up turning into excess phlegm and mucus. An absence of Spleen Qi coupled with dampness is a common underlying condition with allergy symptoms.\nKidney Qi: The root of constitutional and all other energy systems in the body is Kidney Qi. Thus Kidney Qi deficiencies are most often related to deficiency imbalances. In such cases that allergies, asthma, or chronic respiratory illnesses have been problems since childhood, your Kidney Qi must be addressed. It is also important to note that kidney energy is damaged by long-term medication use.\nAllergies & Chinese Herbal Medicine\nThere are many Chinese herbs that restore Qi and enhance the immune system so that it can battle seasonal allergies. For best results and safety, herbal formulas should only be prescribed by professionally trained herbalists. The formulas I prescribe will address each patient’s unique presentation of symptoms and thus vary greatly from case to case.\nAllergies and Lifestyle: Survival Tips\nThe following suggestions may help minimize suffering:\n- Minimize exposure to your allergens. Check local news for forecasts and current pollen levels, and stay indoors when pollen count or humidity is high. The morning is prime pollen time – especially when dry and windy. Plan outdoors activities for later in the day, or after a good rain.\n- Keep windows shut when the pollen count is high. Including those in your house and car. Use air conditioning if possible, or keep indoor air dry with a dehumidifier. A HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filter or an electrostatic precipitator may also help clean pollen and mold from the indoor air.\n- Don’t hang laundry outside. Since pollen may cling to towels and sheets, wash all bedding every 7 to 14 days in indoor washer and dryer units. Also, remove clothes you’ve worn outside and shower to rinse pollen from your skin and hair.\n- Avoid mowing the grass, pulling weeds or raking leaves. If you must do these, wear a mask to filter pollen and molds from the air.\n- Plan vacations where pollen isn’t prevalent. A good choice is the beach.\n- Swim for exercise. In fact, you’ll find one of the purest concentrations of air in the ten to 15 inch layer right above the water, and the gentle humidity keeps your airways from drying out. If you exercise outdoors, use a neti pot before and after exercising to get rid of dust, pollen, and mucus from your nose.\nDiet and Supplements for Allergy Season\nA well-balanced healthy diet will keep your immune system going strong. More specifically, it is best to minimize (or avoid) cow’s milk and other dairy products as they contribute to the production of phlegm and mucus. Overindulgence in simple carbohydrates and sweets can also contribute to allergies, since cause damage to Spleen Qi.\nIncorporate Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids. These can be found in salmon, tuna, mackerel, and other cold-water fish. Yet consume fish with high mercury levels in moderation – such as tuna – in moderation. Pregnant women especially. Check the USDA website for more information on mercury in fish.\nFlax seeds, hemp seeds, walnuts, and canola oil are high in Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA), which the body converts to Eicosa-Pentaenoic Acid (EPA), the form found in fish.\nPrevention is the Best Medicine\nThe best time to get treated for seasonal allergies is before they show up. Start a treatment program that includes acupuncture and Chinese herbs 6-8 weeks before symptoms typically start for you. This helps boost the immune system and prevents symptoms from appearing since your underlying energies will be strong and resilient. However, if allergy symptoms are already bothering you, start treatment as soon as possible for best results.\n[ top ]\nWith TCM, asthma can be carefully controlled through the use of acupuncture, herbs and dietary analysis.\nThe Asthma Attack\nAsthma attacks are instigated by an excess in the body. The trigger that causes the attack is something that is not supposed to be in the body, and the asthma sufferer’s body responds with an asthma attack. These triggers are called external evils in TCM. The more frequently the external evils attack the body, the weaker the body becomes. The body is like an army that is attacked over and over again by the asthma trigger, sometimes without fully replenishing its resources. This can cause a vacuity or a weakness in the patient’s body leaving it even more vulnerable to future attacks sometimes making them more frequent and intense.\nState of Depletion – the state of the patient’s body and health\nThe period between the attacks show the state of patient’s true body strength and ability to fend off the trigger. This tends to be a state of weakness or vacuity in asthma patients. This is the time for the patient to replenish the resources that were depleted due to the asthma attack. There are occasional instances where phlegm can become lodged in the lungs. This is called a mixed pattern of vacuity (state of the patient’s body) and repletion (an abundance of phlegm making a home in the lungs). The overall treatment goal at this stage is to strengthen the body (fill the vacuity) so that the attacks are less frequent and less intense because the body is stronger. Phlegm can be dislodged from the lungs while simultaneously strengthening them. This will make the patient’s life easier and much more enjoyable because he/she does not have to take so much time off from work or time out of recreational activities.\nIs your asthma getting in the way your life?\nAcupuncture and Chinese Herbs for Asthma\nGiving acupuncture and cupping during an asthma attack can help to calm the patient down and to aid in opening up the chest muscles to provide easier breathing. Acupuncture can help to shorten the length and severity of the asthma attack.\nIt is more common to treat people when they are in the remittent state. The goal of the treatment during this stage is to supplement the body with acupuncture, Chinese herbs and dietary changes in order to strengthen the body’s qi. If there is some phlegm lodged in the lungs and some cough and wheezing during this time, relieving those symptoms are also part of the treatment. The diet is analyzed to see if what the patient is eating is exacerbating the asthma attacks. In general, it is best to stick to a diet that consists of whole foods that are not prepackaged or fast food. Whole, organic, real foods have less/no additives and have better qi. The more healthy the qi of the food you put into your body, the stronger your body’s defenses and the better able your lungs will be to resist your asthma trigger. Try to keep dairy intake to a minimum as TCM dietary theory states that dairy products can exacerbate phlegm production. A qualified, well-trained TCM practitioner will be able to diagnose your vacuity pattern correctly and get you on the path to a better quality of life! (more)\nSeattle Air Quality & Differences in Seasonal Air\nThe Air Quality Index (AQI) is an index for reporting daily air quality. It indicates the level of air pollution and what associated health effects might be a concern for you. The AQI highlights health effects you may experience within a few hours or days after breathing polluted air. EPA calculates the AQI for five major air pollutants regulated by the Clean Air Act: ground-level ozone, particle pollution (also known as particulate matter), carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. For each of these pollutants, the EPA has established national air quality standards to protect public health.\nThe worse the air quality is, the worse your asthma could become due to the fact that more particulate matter in the air increases irritation and inflammation to mucus membranes. Here is a link (http://www.pscleanair.org/airq/aqi.aspx ) to the daily AQI. Another thing to consider is if you are affected by the air of the different seasons. Does damp cold winter trigger your asthma? Warm dry summer air? How about spring air that is full of pollen? Take the seasons into account to see when you should be taking more of a break from the outdoors as opposed to being more active. Speak with your practitioner about what your triggers are so that your attacks can be minimized. (more)\n2 Wiseman, Nigel & Ye, Fang (1998) A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine. Paradigm Publications: Brookline, MA.\n3 Wu, Yan (1997). Practical Therapeutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Paradigm Publications: Brookline, MA.\n[ top ]\nThe use of acupuncture to relieve pain is well established in America. In fact, it is the most common use of acupuncture outside of China, today. Modern medical technology has revealed that the insertion of acupuncture needles causes measurable physiological changes like the release of pain-relieving beta-endorphins in surrounding tissue. However, the effects of such treatments are often short-lived if the root cause of the pain is not treated.\nFor patients suffering from arthritis, whether it is arthritis of the knee, hip, shoulder, hand or back, we aim to treat the body as a whole, and not just focus on treating the obvious symptoms. The majority of our arthritis patients suffer from rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis (arthropathic psoriasis), which are autoimmune disorders. Hence, our treatments not only focus on controlling the painful symptoms of arthritis, but also on balancing the immune system. The majority of our patients see immediate results in just a few treatments and experience positive long term benefits. Depending on the specific situation, we may recommend traditional acupuncture or a combination of acupuncture and exercise in accordance with our philosophy.\nHelp us spread the word about acupuncture by writing a testamonial!\n- In a randomized, placebo-controlled study, researchers found that acupuncture treatment reduced pain and improved joint function in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. (more)\n- In mice induced with arthritis, acupuncture stimulation had anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and immuno-regulatory effects. (more)\n- A review of literature, concluding that “acupuncture has a place in the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain.” (more)\n[ top ]\nBackpain is temporary and will often get better with time. For the rest, back pain may be a chronic disease that prevents the pursuit of a normal life. The advantage of using acupuncture to treat back pain is that acupuncture not only relieves the pain temporarily, but in many cases, it can also effectively treat the root cause of the pain. In this way, acupuncture can benefit even those who suffer from severe, chronic back pain.\nDepending on the cause and severity of the pain, and the overall health of the patient, we will develop a treatment plan consisting of traditional acupuncture or a combination of acupuncture and exercises in accordance with our Active Acupuncture philosophy. Many of our patients see immediate results, increased mobility, and less pain in just several treatments.\n[ top ]\nHeadaches and Migraines\nHeadaches and migraines come in many different flavors. Acupuncture, even when performed by the novice practitioner, is effective in providing temporary relief from the common symptoms of headaches and migraines. However, in order to provide lasting relief, the overall health of the body and the root cause of the headaches must be elucidated. Headaches and migraines can be caused by something as benign as a tense neck or by something much more insidious, such as a hormone imbalance. In our years of experience we have treated a wide array of headache and pain related disorders and our patients typically see results in just a few sessions.\n[ top ]\nDepending on the cause and severity of the pain, and the overall health of the patient, we will develop a treatment plan consisting of traditional acupuncture or a combination of acupuncture and exercises in accordance with our philosophy. Many of our patients see immediate results, increased mobility, and less pain in just several treatments.\n[ top ]\nEvery fibromyalgia case is unique and there are many factors that cause it. We urge you to come in for and examination. Acupuncture is commonly used to treat pain, but it is also great for reducing fatigue and anxiety, which are common symptoms for many people who suffer from fibromyalgia. The majority of our fibromyalgia patients have been women. Because we are specialists in women’s health, we are able to help with the female-specific nuances of the disorder.\nScientific Literature on Fibromyalgia\nKey points from recent publications:\n- A randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled, partially-blind study of 50 fibromyalgia patients concluded that acupuncture not only relieved pain but also had significant beneficial effects for fatigue and anxiety.\nWe can significantly increase your chances of conception if your infertility is due to:\n- Irregular and Annovulatory Menstrual Cycles\n- Luteal Phase Defect LPD\n- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease PID\n- Premature Ovarian Failure POF\n- Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome PCOS\n- Poor Egg Quality\n- Thin and Unresponsive Endometrium\n- Cervical / Uterine Factors\n- Immunological Factors\n- Fallopian Tube Factors\n- Ovulation Factors\nAcupuncture is able to increase the chances of pregnancy through natural conception, IVF, IUI, and other ARTs because it has been clinically shown to:\n- Regulate and stabilize hormone levels\n- Help produce more follicles\n- Increase blood flow to the uterus and ovaries by lowering impedence\n- Thicken the endometrial lining\n- Reduce the chance of miscarriage\n- Strengthen the immune system and the overall health of the body\n- Reduce stress\n- Absorb nutrients and maintain ideal weight\n- Faciliate relaxation\n- Improve the quality of sleep\n- Have NO side effects – does not introduce toxicity to you and your baby\nWe have compiled a question and answer on acupuncture for infertility. If you have any additional questions that you would like answered please contact us.\n[ top ]\nTypically, 1 week of treatment consisting of 3 acupuncture sessions will completely eliminate nicotine cravings.\nThe role of acupuncture in nicotine cessation isn’t limited to reducing cravings. Acupuncture has also been proven to promote relaxation and better sleep. Moreover, acupuncture can be used to treat many disorders associated with smoking, such as damage to the bronchopulmonary and cardiovascular systems and the symptoms from nicotine withdrawal. In our experience, the effectiveness of acupuncture varies with many factors, including the length of time the patient has been smoking, their overall health, and the frequency of treatment. In many cases, we will also use auricular (ear) acupuncture to help the patient retain the effects of acupuncture between treatments.\nIn an official report, the World Health Organization (WHO) has listed the diseases that have been clinically proven to be effectively treatable by acupuncture.\n- neck pain\n- tennis elbow\n- knee pain\n- facial pain (including craniomandibular disorders)\n- dental pain\n- tempromandibular (TMJ) dysfunction\n- rheumatoid arthritis\n- induction of labor\n- correction of malposition of fetus (breech presentation)\n- morning sickness\n- lower back pain\n- renal colic\n- adverse reactions to radiation or chemotherapy (cancer)\n- allergic rhinitis, including hay fever\n- biliary colic\n- nausea and vomiting\n- postoperative pain\n- the scope of this list shows that acupuncture is effective in treating a wide range of illnesses. In our experience, acupuncture and exercise can treat a far wider range of ailments. Contact us (link to contact us page) if you would like to inquire about treatment for a disorder not listed here.\n[ top ]", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://adlingtonpetcentre.co.uk/reptiles-chorley/", "date": "2024-02-29T12:41:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474808.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229103115-20240229133115-00515.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8885050415992737, "token_count": 421, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__146219662", "lang": "en", "text": "Your Trusted Reptile Supplier in Adlington, Chorley\nWe Supply Reptile, Food & Accessories\nWe understand how wonderful reptiles can be as pets. When you come into our store, we will guide you through everything you need to know about correctly setting up your reptile in your home so it may live its best life. Our livestock can include:\nVeiled/Yemen Chameleons – Tortoises – Gargoyle Geckos – Royal Pythons – Crested Geckos – Leopard Geckos – Corn Snakes – Hognoses – Frogs – Pacman Frogs – Turtles – Map Turtles – Bearded Dragons and more…\nAdlington Pet Centre provides you with the greatest food, nutritional supplements, and other accessories to keep your reptiles happy and healthy.\nPets Used To Being Handled\nLivestock Changes on a Daily Basis\nNative to the Arabian Peninsula, the Yemen Chameleon is a fantastic pet. Can be allowed out of vivarium to roam for periods of time.\nNative to Australia, the bearded dragon prefer arid, dry areas such as deserts. They are likely one of the most relaxed reptiles on the planet.\nNative to North America, they are nocturnal animals and seek cover during the day. They are general docile animals and easy to care for. Cornsnakes are not venomous, and rarely bite making great pets for first time snake owners.\nA Tortoise requires a reasonable amount of maintenance, have a very long life-span but are incredibly interesting animals. The decision to get a Tortoise should not be taken lightly, but is an incredibly rewarding experience!\nDo You See Something You Like?\nGet In Touch Or Visit Our Store\nIf you see an animal you’re interested in, feel free to come down to our store, take a look at our livestock and ask our staff any questions about the animals.\nIf you want more information on our services, livestock or have any general questions about animals… Don’t hesitate to ask!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://natuur.in/blogs/how-are-face-serums-different-from-face-creams/the-sunlit-connection-how-sunlight-impacts-our-digestion", "date": "2024-04-14T14:48:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816879.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414130604-20240414160604-00584.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9151720404624939, "token_count": 618, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__204697820", "lang": "en", "text": "The Sunlit Connection: How Sunlight Impacts Our Digestion\nSunlight, the giver of life, not only brightens our days but also plays a significant role in our overall well-being. While we often associate sunlight with vitamin D synthesis and mood enhancement, its impact on our digestion is an often-overlooked aspect. In this article, we delve into the fascinating relationship between sunlight and our digestive health, uncovering the benefits it brings and how we can harness its power for optimal digestion.\nVitamin D and Digestion:\nSunlight is a natural source of vitamin D, a crucial nutrient that supports numerous bodily functions, including digestion. Vitamin D helps regulate the production of digestive enzymes, which aid in breaking down food and facilitating nutrient absorption. Studies have also shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with digestive disorders like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Spending some time under the sun can boost your vitamin D levels, promoting a healthy gut and smoother digestion.\nDid you know that sunlight can enhance the production of serotonin, often referred to as the \"happy hormone\"? Serotonin not only influences our mood but also has a role in regulating gastrointestinal motility and gut function. Increased serotonin levels in the gut can help alleviate symptoms of constipation and improve bowel regularity, promoting better digestion.\nCircadian Rhythm and Meal Times:\nExposure to natural sunlight helps regulate our circadian rhythm, the internal body clock that governs various physiological processes, including digestion. When our bodies follow a consistent sleep-wake cycle influenced by sunlight, our digestive system functions optimally. Aligning meal times with natural daylight can improve nutrient absorption and prevent issues like indigestion and acid reflux.\nMelatonin and Gut Health:\nSunlight exposure during the day influences the production of melatonin, a hormone primarily known for regulating sleep. Interestingly, melatonin also plays a role in gut health by protecting the gastrointestinal lining from inflammation and oxidative stress. When our digestive system is shielded from damage, it operates smoothly, and our overall digestion improves.\nMood and Mindful Eating:\nSpending time outdoors in natural light has been linked to improved mood and reduced stress levels. When we feel good mentally, we are more likely to engage in mindful eating practices, paying attention to what we eat and how we eat it. This, in turn, enhances the digestive process and helps prevent overeating or unhealthy eating habits.\nThe impact of sunlight on our digestion goes beyond its commonly known benefits. From vitamin D synthesis and serotonin production to influencing our circadian rhythm and gut health, sunlight plays a multifaceted role in ensuring our digestive system functions optimally. By incorporating more outdoor activities and mindful exposure to sunlight, we can nurture a healthier gut and, in turn, improve our overall well-being. Remember to strike a balance and avoid excessive exposure, especially during peak sun hours, to safeguard your skin and health. Let the sunlit connection illuminate your digestive journey to a happier, healthier you!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://kristinfields.com/2014/10/06/kruger-national-park/", "date": "2020-04-04T14:00:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370524043.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20200404134723-20200404164723-00501.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.919835090637207, "token_count": 237, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-16", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__125749673", "lang": "en", "text": "|A giraffe and her child.|\nBefore Kruger National Park, I’d never smelled a potato bush. It smells as if someone lifted a lid off of a pot of boiling potatoes. Legend has it that if you catch the starchy, sweet smell of potato bush, it means there’s a big snake around.\n|Impala are abundant in Kruger National Park. They’re fast and leap high in the air to divert predators.|\n|A mother baboon holds her child beneath a thorn bush.|\n|A family of elephants feeds at dawn. Elephants eat from dawn until well after midnight each day.|\n|This female lioness walked alongside our open-air safari car for more than a half hour before settling back to sleep on the warm, tar road.|\n|A family of zebra grazing. A gross, but interesting, fact about zebras: the first thing a baby zebra eats is its mother’s feces. Her feces transfers valuable enzymes and bacteria for the baby’s health and digestion.|\n|Baboons are born entertainers.|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://b2b.simplecarry.com/books/the-rhinoceros-and-the-megatherium-an-essay-in-natural-history", "date": "2018-11-12T23:25:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039741151.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20181112215517-20181113001517-00075.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9416474103927612, "token_count": 1095, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__111019851", "lang": "en", "text": "By Juan Pimentel, Peter Mason\nOne animal left India in 1515, caged within the carry of a Portuguese send, and sailed round Africa to Lisbon—the first of its species to determine Europe for greater than 1000 years. the opposite crossed the Atlantic from South the United States to Madrid in 1789, its large fossilized bones packed in crates, its species unknown. How did Europeans 3 centuries aside reply to those mysterious beasts—a rhinoceros, identified in simple terms from old texts, and a anonymous monster? As Juan Pimentel explains, the reactions replicate deep highbrow adjustments but additionally the iconic strength of picture and mind's eye to form our knowing of the typical world.\nWe comprehend the rhinoceros at the present time as “Dürer’s Rhinoceros,” after the German artist’s iconic woodcut. His portrait was once inaccurate—Dürer by no means observed the beast and depended on conjecture, aided through a caricature from Lisbon. however the impression of his notable paintings mirrored a gentle flow clear of old authority to the dissemination in print of latest principles and pictures. by the point the megatherium arrived in Spain, that circulation had remodeled technological know-how. whilst released drawings came across their technique to Paris, the good zoologist Georges Cuvier safely deduced that the big bones should have belonged to an extinct mammoth sloth. It used to be a pivotal second within the discovery of the prehistoric world.\nThe Rhinoceros and the Megatherium bargains a penetrating account of 2 striking episodes within the cultural historical past of technological know-how and is itself a vibrant instance of the clinical mind's eye at paintings.\nRead or Download The Rhinoceros and the Megatherium. An Essay in Natural History PDF\nSimilar mammals books\nThis new version of utilized Linear Statistical types keeps the book's uniquely undemanding writing type and structure whereas giving you the newest info and data. Updates comprise advancements and techniques in partial regression and residual plots, a wholly new advent to the \"Design of Experiments\" part that frames and descriptions the association and ideas of layout and ANOVA, and extra.\nThe elemental instructions of the structural evolution of the outer, heart and internal ears in representatives of a large ecological variety of mammals (terrestrial, subterranean, aerial, semi-aquatic and aquatic kinds, together with marine mammals) were traced during this monograph for the 1st time. The large spectrum of the species studied and the appliance of recent anatomical, optical and bio-mechanical equipment allowed the writer to explain formerly unknown structural positive aspects of the peripheral a part of the auditory procedure in animals with a diverse specialization of listening to.\nThis can be a scholarly monograph that provides the result of a 10-year box examine of the ecology of the desolate tract puma within the Chihuahua wasteland of latest Mexico. With the expanding acceptance of the significance of best carnivores to the health and wellbeing and functioning of ecosystems. This publication provides findings from some of the most entire long term stories of a best carnivore ever performed.\n- Wolves: A Wildlife Handbook\n- Vertebrate Conservation and Biodiversity (Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation)\n- Developmental approaches to human evolution\n- Cell Biology and Immunology of Leukocyte Function\n- Wolves on the Hunt: The Behavior of Wolves Hunting Wild Prey\nAdditional info for The Rhinoceros and the Megatherium. An Essay in Natural History\nIts body was like that of a horse, its head like that of a stag, its feet like those of an elephant, and its tail like that of a wild boar. All of this was crowned, of course, by the long black horn in the middle of its forehead. For the ancient Chinese, for example, the qilin, an animal much like a unicorn, occupied a privileged position alongside the tortoise and creatures comparable to the Western dragon and phoenix, all four being endowed with high spiritual value. In Persian culture the unicorn is connected with danger and cruelty.\nThat is how King Manuel I wanted it. In fact, the Portuguese monarch took advantage of the opportunity to present his country as the worthy successor to the Roman Empire. As the Portuguese paraded through the Eternal City toward Belvedere Palace, they displayed their parrots, cocks, silks, and jewels, a Persian horse from the King of Ormuz, the wild cats, and the impressive elephant, as white as the pope himself though considerably younger. Some eyewitnesses stated that the snow leopard was carried in a cage mounted on the hindquarters of the Persian horse.\nAt the age of thirteen he had been appointed cardinal, thereby gaining access to the Curia. He wanted François I to be made emperor, but ended up supporting Charles V once he had realized that there was no stopping him anyway. Giovanni favored his relatives whenever he could, even creating a duchy for one of his illegitimate sons. The list of his maneuvers would be long. It would be difficult to say whether more or less so than Sultan Muzafar II or Emperor Frederick II, although everything points to his having been in a different league.\nThe Rhinoceros and the Megatherium. An Essay in Natural History by Juan Pimentel, Peter Mason", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.vibemm.com/ForestWeb/Benefits.htm", "date": "2021-05-08T10:57:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243988858.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20210508091446-20210508121446-00389.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9389021396636963, "token_count": 111, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__164640362", "lang": "en", "text": "Essential oils are generally\nvery complex chemically, containing many different substances\nand compounds. Some experts have theorized that essential oils\nare the lifeblood of a plant, and contain compounds that the\nplant uses to fight infections and drive away germs and parasites.\nScientific research has isolated hundreds of chemicals in essential\noils, and has shown many essential oils to have anti-bacterial,\nanti-fungal, and anti-parasitic properties.\nSome essential oils\ncontain over 200 identified chemical substanes.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.reassembly.de/news/bloody-snakes-new-observations-on-a-puzzling-behavior/", "date": "2023-12-08T17:03:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100762.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208144732-20231208174732-00840.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9044731855392456, "token_count": 267, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__29932597", "lang": "en", "text": "Do you know what “autohaemorrhaging” means? It is a deliberate release or ejection of blood (also termed reflex bleeding), reported from some lizards and snakes as well as some insects. It is often interpreted as defensive behavior against predator attacks. But whether reflex bleeding as a defense really works, and whether predators are then either visually or chemically deterred from their prey is currently unknown. Mark-Oliver Rödel and colleagues now reported several new cases of autohaemorrhaging in the open access journal Herpetology Notes, including two species from our study area in Canandé (Leptodeira ornata and Trachyboa boulengeri). The adaptive value of this behavior still remains unclear, and the authors suggest that this “could be simply an impressive stress reaction”. One of the facinating mysteries in tropical rainforests.\nRödel M-O, Loaiza-Lange A, Penner J, Neira-Salamea KD, Salazar-Valenzuela D (2023) A mouth full of blood – autohaemorrhaging in three Ecuadorian snakes (Squamata: Colubridae & Tropidophiidae). Herpetology Notes 16: 25-30 (link)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://indysian.co.uk/conjunctivitis/", "date": "2024-02-20T22:29:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473347.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20240220211055-20240221001055-00679.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9333240389823914, "token_count": 392, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__34457331", "lang": "en", "text": "Conjunctivitis can be caused by infection from bacteria, viruses or other organisms, and also by allergy or inflammation.\nViral conjunctivitis tends to cause a watery red eye and can last for two to three weeks even with the correct treatment. In most cases viral conjunctivitis does not affect your vision but rarely you might notice your vision becomes blurry or you may see glare when looking at lights. This is due to an inflammatory reaction causing small white dots on the cornea, the transparent window at the front of the eye. These usually fade with time, but it can take a few weeks or even months.\nBacterial conjunctivitis is more likely to cause a red eye with a sticky yellow discharge.\nThere is no antiviral medication for viral conjunctivitis and it does not respond to antibiotic drops as it is not caused by bacteria. The best treatment for viral conjunctivitis is to use artificial tears and simple painkillers, with regular lid cleaning and cold compresses. The conjunctivitis disappears when your body becomes immune to the virus and fights the germs off, just as in a cold or ‘flu. Very rarely, steroid drops are given for severe cases of viral conjunctivitis or when the cornea is affected.\nAntibiotic drops can be helpful in cases of bacterial conjunctivitis and are often prescribed for a one or two-week course.\nContact lenses should not be worn during any type of conjunctivitis.\nPreventing conjunctivitis from spreading\nConjunctivitis is contagious and spreads very easily by water droplets (coughing, sneezing) or contact with tissues, flannels, towels, pillowcases and so on. For that reason, it’s really important to wash your hands frequently and dispose of tissues after use to prevent the condition from spreading to other family members or work colleagues", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.dbg-phykologie.de/en/alga-of-the-year/alga-of-the-year-2015", "date": "2023-05-29T11:36:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644855.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529105815-20230529135815-00672.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.910821259021759, "token_count": 193, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__108213826", "lang": "en", "text": "The Sea Lettuce Ulva only gets into shape with the right bacteria\nUlva, a green seaweed found in oceans all over the world, has been selected ‘Alga of the Year 2015’. This ’sea lettuce’ either forms tubular ribbons or sheet-like (‘lettuce’) blades. Individuals commonly reach a size of approx. 20-30 cm. The specific ‘lettuce’ growth form of the alga only develops in association of bacteria which trigger differentiation and development. As Ulva requires the presence of these bacteria, it has developed special mechanisms to attract them. This requires an exchange of information between algae and bacteria. As the two organisms belong to two very different evolutionary groups, this process has fascinated chemists, biologists and algal researchers who now want to establish one Ulva species - namely Ulva mutabilis - as a future model organism.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.520pet.net/post/74986.html", "date": "2023-09-23T03:50:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506479.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20230923030601-20230923060601-00594.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8741081953048706, "token_count": 1033, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__111006884", "lang": "en", "text": "Joint pain and arthritis affect millions of people worldwide, making it one of the most common ailments. The current treatments for this condition are either ineffective or produce unwanted side effects. However, a recent breakthrough in research has given hope to those suffering from joint pain. Scientists from the UK have developed a new product called Chondroitin Sulfate Gel, which is set to revolutionize the treatment of arthritis.\nWhat is Chondroitin Sulfate Gel?\nChondroitin sulfate gel is a topical gel made from the extract of animal cartilage. This gel contains high concentrations of chondroitin sulfate, a compound found in the connective tissues of animals, which is known to promote the growth and repair of cartilage. The gel is applied topically to the affected area, allowing the chondroitin sulfate to penetrate the skin and provide relief from pain and inflammation.\nHow does Chondroitin Sulfate Gel work?\nThe active ingredient in Chondroitin Sulfate Gel is chondroitin sulfate, which works by promoting the growth and repair of cartilage. Cartilage is the connective tissue that lines the joints and protects them from damage. In arthritis, the cartilage breaks down, leading to painful inflammation and reduced mobility. Chondroitin sulfate stimulates the cells in cartilage, promoting the production of new, healthy cartilage. This reduces pain and inflammation and improves joint mobility.\nAdvantages of Chondroitin Sulfate Gel\nChondroitin sulfate gel has several advantages over traditional treatments for arthritis. Firstly, it is applied topically, so it does not affect the digestive system like some other medications. Secondly, it is non-invasive and does not require injections or surgery. Thirdly, it is easy to apply and can be used at home, allowing patients to manage their condition more effectively.\nClinical trials of chondroitin sulfate gel have shown promising results. Patients who used the gel reported a significant reduction in joint pain and stiffness. Some patients even reported that their joint mobility had improved after using the gel. Furthermore, the gel was found to be safe and well-tolerated, with no significant side effects reported during the trials.\nThe development of Chondroitin Sulfate Gel marks a significant breakthrough in the treatment of arthritis. It offers an effective, non-invasive, and easy-to-use option for those suffering from joint pain and inflammation. As more research is conducted, it is hoped that this product will become widely available and help millions of patients worldwide.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.europegateway.ox.ac.uk/events/imi-10th-anniversary-scientific-symposium-22-october-2018", "date": "2019-10-16T02:42:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986661296.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20191016014439-20191016041939-00345.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9373331069946289, "token_count": 148, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__13072425", "lang": "en", "text": "The symposium will take place on 22 and 23 October 2018 in Brussels. It will feature more than 80 poster displays, over 25 oral presentations and several interesting panels on topics ranging from personalised medicine to patient-centric approaches in drug development. The oral presentations and the scientific posters have been selected by a panel of top experts. Taking an open innovation approach, our young scientists will offer a glimpse into some of the stellar science that IMI projects have been doing in various disease areas, such as severe asthma, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and cancer, to name but a few.\nRegistration for the Scientific Symposium is free but obligatory. The registration will close on 14 October 2018.\nSee full details on the symposium website.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://awesomeplacesonearth.com/exploring-the-coral-reefs-of-zanzibar/", "date": "2024-04-23T17:13:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818732.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423162023-20240423192023-00167.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8943146467208862, "token_count": 728, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__190153932", "lang": "en", "text": "Off the coast of Tanzania lies the breathtaking archipelago of Zanzibar, a tropical paradise known for its pristine beaches, vibrant culture, and stunning coral reefs. The crystal-clear waters surrounding the islands are home to a diverse range of marine life, making Zanzibar a haven for snorkelers and scuba divers seeking to explore the wonders of the underwater world.\nThe Beauty of Zanzibar’s Coral Reefs\nZanzibar’s coral reefs are a kaleidoscope of colors, teeming with life and offering a glimpse into the intricate ecosystem that exists beneath the surface of the ocean. The vibrant corals provide a habitat for an array of marine creatures, from tiny clownfish darting in and out of their anemone homes to majestic sea turtles gracefully gliding through the water.\nSnorkeling in Zanzibar\nOne of the best ways to experience the beauty of Zanzibar’s coral reefs is by snorkeling. With just a mask, snorkel, and fins, you can immerse yourself in the underwater world and witness the vibrant marine life up close. As you float above the coral gardens, you may spot schools of colorful fish darting around, graceful rays gliding along the sandy bottom, and perhaps even a curious octopus peeking out from its hiding spot.\nScuba Diving Adventures\nFor those looking to delve deeper into the depths of Zanzibar’s coral reefs, scuba diving offers an unparalleled experience. With a tank of air on your back and the guidance of experienced dive instructors, you can explore the intricate coral formations and swim alongside larger marine creatures such as reef sharks, barracudas, and even the occasional whale shark. The feeling of weightlessness as you glide through the water, surrounded by the beauty of the underwater world, is truly a magical experience.\nConservation Efforts in Zanzibar\nDespite their beauty, coral reefs around the world are facing threats from climate change, pollution, and overfishing. In Zanzibar, conservation efforts are underway to protect and preserve these fragile ecosystems for future generations. Local organizations work to educate communities about the importance of coral reef conservation, implement sustainable fishing practices, and monitor the health of the reefs to ensure their long-term survival.\nThe Future of Zanzibar’s Coral Reefs\nAs visitors flock to Zanzibar to explore its coral reefs, it is essential to remember the importance of responsible tourism. By choosing eco-friendly tour operators, supporting local conservation initiatives, and practicing good reef etiquette while snorkeling and diving, we can help protect these precious ecosystems for years to come. With continued efforts to conserve and sustainably manage Zanzibar’s coral reefs, we can ensure that future generations will have the opportunity to experience the beauty and wonder of this underwater paradise.\nExploring the coral reefs of Zanzibar is a truly unforgettable experience that allows you to connect with nature in a unique and profound way. From the vibrant colors of the coral gardens to the diverse marine life that calls these reefs home, Zanzibar offers a glimpse into a world that is both fragile and awe-inspiring. By supporting conservation efforts and practicing responsible tourism, we can help preserve these underwater ecosystems for generations to come. So, grab your snorkel or scuba gear and dive into the beauty of Zanzibar’s coral reefs – an adventure you won’t soon forget.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bizgame101.com/the-dangers-of-miners-mesothelioma-mesothelioma-id", "date": "2024-02-22T11:51:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473738.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222093910-20240222123910-00626.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9085839986801147, "token_count": 1319, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__21140679", "lang": "en", "text": "Hello and welcome to this journal article about the dangers of miners mesothelioma. In this article, we will cover a range of topics related to this serious illness, including what it is, how it is caused, common symptoms, treatment options, and more. Whether you are a miner yourself or simply interested in learning more about this important topic, we hope you find this article informative and useful.\nWhat Is Miners Mesothelioma?\nMiners mesothelioma, also known as mesothelioma cancer, is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs, chest, or abdomen. It is caused by exposure to asbestos fibers, which are found in many different types of construction materials, including insulation, roofing, and flooring. Miners and other workers who are exposed to asbestos on a regular basis are at a higher risk of developing mesothelioma than the general population.\nThere are three main types of mesothelioma: pleural mesothelioma, peritoneal mesothelioma, and pericardial mesothelioma. Pleural mesothelioma affects the lining of the lungs, peritoneal mesothelioma affects the lining of the abdomen, and pericardial mesothelioma affects the lining of the heart.\nCauses of Miners Mesothelioma\nAs mentioned, the primary cause of miners mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos. When asbestos fibers are inhaled, they can become lodged in the lining of the lungs, causing irritation and inflammation. Over time, this can lead to the development of mesothelioma cancer.\nOther factors that may increase the risk of developing mesothelioma include smoking, genetics, and radiation exposure. However, these factors are typically not as significant as asbestos exposure when it comes to the development of mesothelioma.\nSymptoms of Miners Mesothelioma\nThe symptoms of miners mesothelioma can vary depending on the type of mesothelioma and the stage of the cancer. Common symptoms of pleural mesothelioma include chest pain, shortness of breath, and a persistent cough. Peritoneal mesothelioma may cause abdominal pain, bowel changes, and weight loss. Pericardial mesothelioma can cause chest pain, difficulty breathing, and palpitations.\nIt is important to note that mesothelioma symptoms may not appear until several decades after exposure to asbestos. This makes early detection and treatment critical for improving the prognosis of the disease.\nTreatment Options for Miners Mesothelioma\nThere are several different treatment options available for miners mesothelioma, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The type of treatment recommended will depend on the stage of the cancer, the location of the tumor, and the overall health of the patient. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be used to achieve the best possible outcome.\nSurgical Options for Miners Mesothelioma\nSurgery may be recommended for some patients with miners mesothelioma, particularly those with early-stage cancer or those who are otherwise healthy enough to undergo surgery. There are several different types of surgery that may be used to treat mesothelioma, including:\n|Extrapleural Pneumonectomy (EPP)\n|A surgery that removes the affected lung, the lining of the chest, the diaphragm, and sometimes the lining of the heart.\n|A surgery that removes the lining of the lung and chest wall, but leaves the lung intact.\n|A surgery that removes the lining of the abdominal cavity, as well as any affected organs or tissue.\nChemotherapy for Miners Mesothelioma\nChemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments for miners mesothelioma. Common chemotherapy drugs used for mesothelioma include cisplatin, carboplatin, and pemetrexed.\nRadiation Therapy for Miners Mesothelioma\nRadiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments for miners mesothelioma. Radiation therapy may be administered externally or internally, depending on the location of the tumor.\nFAQs About Miners Mesothelioma\nWhat Are the Early Signs of Miners Mesothelioma?\nThe early signs of miners mesothelioma can be difficult to detect, as they may resemble the symptoms of other respiratory illnesses. However, common early signs of mesothelioma include shortness of breath, chest pain, and a persistent cough.\nHow Long Do Miners Typically Live After Being Diagnosed with Mesothelioma?\nThe prognosis for miners mesothelioma varies depending on the stage of the cancer and the overall health of the patient. In general, the survival rate for mesothelioma is relatively low, with most patients surviving less than 18 months after diagnosis.\nIs There a Cure for Miners Mesothelioma?\nCurrently, there is no known cure for miners mesothelioma. However, there are several different treatment options available that can help to improve the symptoms of the disease and prolong survival.\nWhat Should I Do If I Think I Have Been Exposed to Asbestos?\nIf you have been exposed to asbestos, it is important to monitor your health closely for signs of mesothelioma or other respiratory illnesses. You should also inform your doctor of your potential exposure to asbestos, as they may recommend regular screenings to detect any signs of cancer.\nHow Can I Reduce My Risk of Developing Miners Mesothelioma?\nThe best way to reduce your risk of developing miners mesothelioma is to avoid exposure to asbestos. This may involve using protective equipment when working with asbestos-containing materials, or avoiding these materials altogether if possible.\nThank you for taking the time to read this article on miners mesothelioma. We hope you found this information informative and useful. If you have any further questions or concerns about this topic, please don’t hesitate to speak with a qualified medical professional.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.cherrytreepoultry.com/", "date": "2016-09-28T18:43:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738661763.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173741-00190-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9412192702293396, "token_count": 229, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-40__0__180733007", "lang": "en", "text": "Dedicated breeders of pure breed poultry, with 7 years experience of incubating, hatching and rearing chicks to growers to adult hens and cockerels.\nAt the beginning of August we relocated back to the UK and are now starting afresh, needing to restock and plan ahead for next years breeding season. However, we are able to offer an Incubation and Hatching Service for your large fowl and bantam hen eggs from this September.\nEggs in the incubator are candled at 8 - 10 days and we keep you informed of their progress throughout. Unfortunately we cannot guarantee hatch rates but we will provide the best possible conditions for the whole process.\nOnce your eggs have hatched we will brood your chicks for 3 days at no extra cost. However, there will be a brooder fee of £2.50 per day thereafter for up to 24 chicks. Your chicks must be collected within 7 days.\nAll fees include time for service provided, feed, space and labor.\n£1.00 per egg (1 - 24)\n.75p per egg (25+)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.scientificdevice.com/parasitology/acri-fluor/", "date": "2017-04-27T05:07:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121869.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00379-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8657289743423462, "token_count": 190, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__225567986", "lang": "en", "text": "This fluorescent technique for documentation of Acid Fast organisms in tissue and smears is both rapid and specific. AcriFluor stains all acid fast organisms so that you can find them easily. Whether you have Cryptosporidia & Isospora in stool, or Nocardia or Mycobacteria in sputum, the organisms simply light up on the slide. A single organism is easy to find. This nonantibody technique is extremely cost effective. The procedure takes less than twenty minutes to perform. One kit will enable you to do hundreds of assays. The kit comes with one 125ml bottle of AcriFluor and one 125ml bottle of Decolorizer. Scientific Device Laboratory’s Printed TB Slides make a valuable addition to the stain.\n|384||Acri-Fluor Stain Kit-Stain & Decolorizer/ Quencher||125ml bottle x 2 /pkg|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bbsaddlery.com/product/four-legs-equicid-gastric-ulcer-therapy-1-5kg/", "date": "2023-12-06T03:43:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100583.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206031946-20231206061946-00868.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.831389307975769, "token_count": 126, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__58359216", "lang": "en", "text": "An equine antacid, which will assist in neutralising stomach acid and provides a protective coating of the stomach.\nEquicid is a form of red sea coral which has been found in horses to be:\nA powerful antacid to provide relief\nReadily available source of calcium for teeth and skeletal development\nFructooligosacharides to ensure a healthy hind gut with reduced flactulance, reduced toxin production and better mineral adsorption.\nDosage: (Based on a 500kg horse)\nLoading – 50g per day for 4 weeks\nMaintenance – 25g per day", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://engellab.psych.umn.edu/research.php", "date": "2018-11-17T19:16:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039743732.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20181117185331-20181117210540-00030.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.942807137966156, "token_count": 800, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__21365860", "lang": "en", "text": "How does the brain change through experience? Our lab attempts to understand visual neural plasticity with an eventual goal of \"rewiring\" adult visual cortex to aid therapy for visual disorders. We also study how the visual system resolves conflict that arises when scenes have multiple interpretations. This allows us to study how the \"losing\" interpretations are suppressed from awareness.\nVisual Plasticity Using Altered Reality\nOne dramatic example of visual neuroplasticity occurs when the visual environment suddenly changes, for example when we put on colored glasses. In such cases, visual neurons alter their firing properties in order to keep us seeing accurately. Critically, the longer vision experiences an environment, the stronger and longer lasting this adaptation becomes. This suggests that long-term exposure to altered visual input may produce long-lasting changes in cortex. But technical issues have prevented the study of long adapting durations under controlled conditions.\nResearch in our lab has overcome this roadblock. We use novel \"altered reality\" technology, in which images from a camera are processed in realtime and shown on a head-mounted display. This has allowed us to adapt for long duration. In one study, for example, subjects viewed a world missing vertical orientations for 4 days consecutively.\nThis work is testing just how strong and long-lasting the plasticity produced by adaptation can become. We are also uncovering factors that limit adaptation, and testing paradigms to make its effects larger and more permanent, in order to aid development of therapies for disease.\nNeural Bases of Visual Adaptation\nBy using novel altered reality technology, our lab has produced long-lasting adaptation in the visual system. But the neural bases of such long-lasting adaptation remains unknown. Current work in the lab is attempting to measure which parts of the brain are affected by long-term adaptation and more importantly, how the properties of neurons in those regions changed. We are using fMRI and EEG to record neural activity, including a wearable EEG system that can record all day while subjects are wearing the altered reality goggles.\nThe images that reach our eyes are inherently ambiguous. In many cases, multiple interpretations are possible (for example the \"face vase\" image), and the visual system must suppress one of them. We are particularly interested understanding binocular rivalry: When two incompatible images are presented, one to each eye, perception alternates between them. This is a powerful model system for studying how information can be suppressed from awareness, and projects in the lab study when and how it arises, and its neural bases. One line of research investigates the role of attention in producing suppression, examining how potentially conflicting neural signals interact both when attention is present and when it is withdrawn. We use fMRI, EEG, and simultaneously acquired EEG and fMRI to measure cortical signals during binocular rivalry.\nPerceptual Learning and Expertise\nPerformance on almost every visual task improves with practice. Such perceptual learning can also produce large changes in neural response. We are interested in how different parts of the visual brain change as visual skills are learned. One line of work investigates whether and how learning can affect the earliest stages of visual processing. Another line of work investigates how high level visual skills are learned. We are also currently studying how visual learning interacts with visual adaptation.\n(Hover your mouse cursor on the image)\nThe research in the lab has implications for several disorders of the visual system. These include strabismus, when the two eyes misalign, as well as its consequence amblyopia, or \"lazy eye\". We are also studying common myopia, or near-sightedness. In all these disorders, adaptation may play a role in how the visual system copes with them, and our research seeks to understand this role. Another goal is to use adaptation to produce novel therapies, for example helping strabismic subjects to bring their eyes into alignment, or helping amblyopic subjects to see better through their affected eye.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://berkmanmd.com/shoulder-ligaments-and-tears/", "date": "2024-04-16T02:01:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817036.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416000407-20240416030407-00457.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8427889347076416, "token_count": 657, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__46459641", "lang": "en", "text": "Shoulder Ligaments and Tears\nWhat are Shoulder Ligaments?\nShoulder ligaments are fibrous connective tissue bands that connect the bones of the shoulder joint to each other.\nThe main shoulder ligaments are:\n- Glenohumeral ligaments (GHL): These ligaments connect the bone of the upper arm to a part of the shoulder blade. It provides stability to the shoulder.\n- Coracoacromial ligaments (CAL): These ligaments connect two parts of the shoulder blade (acromion and coracoid process). Thickening of these ligaments can cause impingement syndrome.\n- Coracoclavicular ligaments (CCL): These ligaments connect the scapula to the clavicle. It is extremely strong and helps to keep your shoulder square.\n- Transverse humeral ligament (THL): This ligament helps keep the long head of the biceps in place.\nFunction of Shoulder Ligaments\nThe functions of the shoulder ligaments are:\n- Limiting movement of the bones within the joint\n- Stabilizing the shoulder\n- Preventing shoulder dislocation\nCauses of Shoulder Ligament Tears\nShoulder ligament tears may occur due to:\n- Direct trauma to the shoulder\n- Repetitive overhead arm movements\n- Degenerative joint disease of the shoulder\nTypes of Shoulder Ligament Tears\nShoulder ligament tears may be classified as:\n- Grade 1: Microscopic or very small tear in the shoulder ligament\n- Grade 2: Partial or incomplete tear of the shoulder ligament\n- Grade 3: Complete tear of the shoulder ligament\nSymptoms of a Shoulder Ligament Tear\nCommon symptoms of a shoulder ligament tear are:\n- Shoulder pain and swelling\n- Increased pain with arm movement or shrugging your shoulder\n- Distortion in the normal contour of the shoulder\nDiagnosis of Shoulder Ligament Tears\nA diagnosis of a shoulder ligament tear will be based on\n- History of symptoms\n- Comparing your injured shoulder with the uninjured one\n- Physical examination of the shoulder, including range of motion and strength testing\n- X-ray to identify any bone abnormalities\n- MRI to identify soft tissue abnormalities\nTreatment of Shoulder Ligament Tears\nThe treatment for your shoulder ligament tear will depend on the severity of the injury:\n- In case the shoulder ligament tear is microscopic or very small (Grade1), the condition can be treated with rest, ice and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication to relieve painful symptoms.\n- In case of a partially torn shoulder ligament tear (Grade 2), a sling may be worn for 3-4 weeks in addition to the above treatment measures to allow for proper healing of the shoulder ligament.\n- In case of a completely severed shoulder ligament tear (Grade 3), surgical repair may be required to reattach the ligament. Most often, the surgery can be performed arthroscopically through small poke-hole incisions in an outpatient setting and you can return home on the same day as the procedure.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://dailystruck.com/plants/top-10-amazing-houseplants-to-decorate-your-home-and-purify-the-air/4/", "date": "2018-07-19T15:06:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676591140.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20180719144851-20180719164851-00374.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9444980621337891, "token_count": 140, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__191373657", "lang": "en", "text": "What makes the Snake Plant (or Mother In Law’s Tongue unique is that it is on the opposite “schedule” of most other plants. While most plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen during the day, the Snake Plant does so at night. This factor, along with the fact that Snake Plants do great in shady or dim areas, makes it a natural choice for the bedroom.\nThe Philodendron is another attractive, easy to grow plant that can be a great choice for beginners. It is known for it’s ability to absorb formaldehyde in particular, and if you take good care of it, one of these plants can last you a lifetime!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.spark.church/race-faith-science", "date": "2024-04-15T02:13:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816939.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415014252-20240415044252-00037.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9286729097366333, "token_count": 595, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__155376025", "lang": "en", "text": "About this event:\nA live, public event on the topics and intersection of race, faith, and science. We will discuss the real questions that people have regarding vaccines, concerns around scientific mistrust, racial injustice in medicine, and what faith has to do with all of this. We hope you'll join us for this extremely relevant and critical conversation.\nAbout our guests:\nKizzmekia Corbett, Ph.D.\nDr. Kizzmekia S. Corbett is a research fellow and the scientific lead for the Coronavirus Vaccines & Immunopathogenesis Team at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Research Center (VRC). She holds a B.S. in Biological Sciences, with a secondary major in Sociology from the University of Maryland and a Ph.D. in Microbiology and Immunology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where she was a Meyerhoff Scholar and NIH undergraduate scholar. A viral immunologist by training, Dr. Corbett uses her expertise to propel novel vaccine development for pandemic preparedness and was the lead scientist for the Moderna COVID-19 mRNA-1273 vaccine. Along with her research activities, Dr. Corbett is an active member of the NIH Fellows Committee and avid advocator of STEM education and vaccine awareness in the community. Combining her research goals with her knack for mentoring, Dr. Corbett aims to become an independent principal investigator.\nKenneth (Kenny) Gibbs, Ph.D.\nDr. Kenneth (Kenny) Gibbs, Jr. is Chief of the Undergraduate and Predoctoral Cross-Disciplinary Training Branch within the Division of Training, Workforce Development and Diversity (TWD) at the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS). In this role, he oversees the Institute’s long standing programs to enhance diversity (MARC, RISE, IMSD, PREP, Bridges), as well as institutional components of the NIH Common Fund’s Diversity Program Consortium. At NIGMS, he also is a Program Director in the Division of Genetics & Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology where he leads and administers grants to promote basic research in the area of stem cell biology. Dr. Gibbs holds a B.S. in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (summa cum laude) from the University of Maryland where he was a Meyerhoff, MARC, and HHMI scholar, and a Ph.D. in Immunology from Stanford University. Dr. Gibbs has previously served on the committee for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine’s consensus report, “Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century,” on the Board of Directors for the National Postdoctoral Association and he has written about scientific training and diversity issues for Science Careers, and Scientific American.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bobbygscichlidcraze.com/products/neolamprologus-leleupi-orange", "date": "2020-10-20T20:54:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107874135.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20201020192039-20201020222039-00031.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9263648390769958, "token_count": 336, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__5409678", "lang": "en", "text": "Neolamprologus leleupi orange 2\"\nFirecracker, Dutch Orange\n- Habitat: Shallow Precipitous Rocky Habitat\n- Diet: Carnivore\n- Temperament: Mildly Aggressive\n- Conspecific Temperament: Aggressive\n- Maximum Size: 5\"\n- Temperature: 77 - 79°F\n- pH: 8.6\n- Water Hardness: Very Hard\n- Difficulty: 2\nThis variety of leleupi is a German line-bred stock, selected for intense orange to orange-red color and little to no black markings on the lips. It was first imported to the United States by way of Holland and hence received the nickname \"Dutch Orange\". N. leleupi is a very popular fish in the aquarium due to its bright yellow colouration. It mixes very well with similar sized Lamprologines in the aquarium. In the wild it dine's primarily on insect larvae and crustaceans. In the aquarium their diet should be supplemented with mysis shrimp, krill, mosquito larvae, artemia (brine) shrimp, daphnia or colour brightening food to enhance their pigment. This species shows strong conspecific aggression between the males, normally only one male per tank is recommended for adults. Spawning can take place in rocks, inverted flower pots, or even large shells in the aquarium. They should not be kept with most shell dwellers, as they have a habit of sticking their faces in the shells to suck out the brood. They've been known to (fatally) pull female shell dwellers out of the shells to achieve this.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.beverlieanimalhospital.com/", "date": "2017-01-17T17:03:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00374-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8224603533744812, "token_count": 127, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-04__0__55660808", "lang": "en", "text": "Paul Raiti DVM, Diplomate, American Board of Veterinary Practitioners (Reptile and Amphibian Practice)\n17 West Grand Street\nMount Vernon, NY 10552\nREPTILES, DOGS & CATS\nHomeAgain microchipping is now available.\nCall today to make an appointment.\nWe now carry the feline leukemia (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency (FIV) virus vaccine by Boehringer Ingelheim. If you cat goes outdoors please make an appointment to have them tested and vaccinated to help protect them from these viral diseases.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://westhealthspa.com/blog/the-benefits-of-food-sensitivity-testing/", "date": "2023-09-26T04:41:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510149.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926043538-20230926073538-00717.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9230404496192932, "token_count": 861, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__159320216", "lang": "en", "text": "or come by the Spa to set up an appointment!\nWhen you’ve tried to adjust your diet and exercise routine, but you’re still struggling with the afternoon stomach upset, headaches, unresolved joint pain, or skin rash, you may want to consider additional testing. For many of us, food sensitivities can show up as different symptoms in the body. Some symptoms happen immediately after eating a specific food, while others may be delayed by several hours or days. It can be challenging to connect these delayed food reactions back to the problematic food; this is where testing and working with a functional medicine practitioner can help uncover these “hidden” food sensitivities that contribute to underlying inflammation.\nSymptoms and conditions that can result from food reactions include:\nThe right type of food intolerance test will look at IgE and/or IgG mediated reactions.\nUnderstanding IgE- Mediated Allergies\nAn IgE allergy can be triggered immediately, from minutes to hours after you have consumed a food or been exposed to the allergen. These allergies are more permanent- meaning that an elimination diet with reintroduction will not remove the body’s immune response to the allergen. An IgE mediated allergy tends to create a histamine response, such as hives. IgE allergies can include foods, molds, and inhalants from the environment (think allergens from trees, grass, etc.)\nUnderstanding IgG- Mediated Sensitivities\nAn IgG food sensitivity has a delayed onset (from hours to days after exposure). These sensitivities can be temporary, with positive outcomes from eliminating and reintroducing the body to the original allergen. An IgG mediated allergy tends to activate immune complexes that do not stimulate histamine releases. Symptoms include gastrointestinal symptoms, headaches, joint aches, skin rashes, fatigue, and behavioral problems.\nThe ”Leaky Gut” Connection with Food Sensitivities\nIgG antibodies circulate in the body and may suggest an increase in intestinal permeability, or what we call ‘Leaky Gut Syndrome’. When the tight junctions that form the barrier in the gut don’t work properly, larger substances can “leak” through and cause an immune response. This immune response may result in a production of IgG antibodies to foods. This is just one of the many dietary and lifestyle factors that can contribute to an increase in intestinal permeability. Other contributors include stress, alcohol, excessive NSAID use, Western-style Diet (a diet higher in red meat, animal fat, high sugar, and low fiber). While Leaky Gut can be very apparent in many, there are a lot of very helpful solutions available to help the body restore its balance and proper gut permeability.\nHow To Take the Next Step:\nWhether you’ve tried eliminating foods, following a very specific diet, or kept a journal of your foods to figure out your triggers, a Food Sensitivity Test could be your next step to help you achieve a better understanding of your body and health. As a Functional Medicine practitioner, I help my patients uncover underlying inflammatory responses that trigger discomfort, dis-ease and frustration. After weeks, months, or sometimes years of discomfort, it can certainly take a toll on someone’s mental state of well-being, contributing to an increase in anxiety, depression, and mood fluctuations. I’ve encountered patients sensitive to ‘health’ foods too, such as flax seeds, blueberries, or chicken. Food sensitivities can happen at any age. With testing available for children as young as 18 months old, we have helped many people learn their body’s sensitivities so they can take the first step towards healing. With the help and guidance of a functional medicine practitioner, you can get your life back (without all the symptoms) or simply take your health to the next level.\nTo learn more about our Food Sensitivity Testing at West Health Spa, call 352-331-3649 and request a Functional Medicine Consultation. At West Health Spa, we take a personalized approach to understanding and preventing health conditions to help you achieve a better state of health so you can live your best life.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://aedesaegypticuba.impela.net/2010/08/cuba-reports-67-cases-of-imported-dengue/", "date": "2021-04-20T09:27:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039388763.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20210420091336-20210420121336-00074.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9673186540603638, "token_count": 459, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__99278189", "lang": "en", "text": "Cuba Reports 67 Cases of “Imported” Dengue\nHAVANA – The Cuban government reported Wednesday the existence of 67 cases of “imported” dengue fever on the island and said that Cuba is the only country where the disease is present but active transmission is not occurring.\nJuventud Rebelde newspaper cited the head of the Health Ministry’s Transmissible Diseases Department, Otto Reinaldo Pelaez, as saying that the 67 cases are “citizens who entered (the country) already sick,” and he insisted that “no indigenous cases of dengue (exist in Cuba) at this time.”\nPelaez confirmed that of the 34 countries where people are currently sick, “the only one in which the transmission is not active is … Cuba,” and he added that the task of the authorities is to “cut off” that potential transmission.\nThe provinces of Santiago de Cuba, Guantanamo, Camaguey and La Habana are the ones where the greatest risk of transmission exists due to the presence of the Aedes aegypti mosquito that transmits the disease, he said.\nIn recent weeks, Cuban health authorities have insisted that vigilance be increased to detect the disease and they have asked the public to step up efforts to keep illnesses like dengue, swine flu and hemorrhagic conjunctivitis under control.\nThey have also called on Cubans to comply with health instructions and cooperate with workers who are participating in assorted health campaigns.\nLast year, the government denied the existence of a dengue epidemic after the existence of more than 50 cases on the island became known, and it said that most of those cases were also “imported.”\nIn August 2006, Cuban authorities – without releasing any figures – reported to the Pan American Health Organization the existence of cases of hemorrhagic dengue, the much more serious and sometimes fatal version of the disease, but medical sources consulted by Efe said then that there were “thousands of cases.”\nThe worst outbreak of dengue known to have affected Cuba occurred in 1981, when about 10,000 cases were reported and 158 people died from the disease.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.mirion.com/products/in-vivo-counting", "date": "2018-12-16T06:14:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376827281.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20181216051636-20181216073636-00468.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9108198881149292, "token_count": 304, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__92934650", "lang": "en", "text": "Systems designed to provide whole body and lung counting capabilities. All systems employ gamma spectroscopy to provide nuclide identification as well as the activity of contaminants found during a count. Some configurations are available with LN2-Free cooling solutions.\nThe FASTSCAN system uses large area sodium iodide detectors and Apex-InVivo™ and Genie™ software to achieve low minimum detectable activities with count times as fast as one minute.\nConverts any FASTSCAN™ Whole Body Counting System into a self-service WBC system.\nThe ACCUSCAN II counter is a high resolution, stand-up whole body counter. It is designed to identify and quantify radionuclides with energies between 100 keV and 1336 keV in complicated combinations.\nACCUSCAN bed is a complete, turnkey, whole body counting system. This system identifies and quantifies radioactivity inside the human body with a simple five- to eight-minute count.\nThe Model 2270 Lung Counter provides accurate and reliable measurements of uranium, plutonium and americium in the lungs.\nThe Model 2275 Lung Counter provides accurate and reliable measurements of uranium, plutonium and americium in the lungs.\nAn advanced in vivo counting system and a comprehensive management tool that helps monitor and maintain your counters as well as keep track of all the results they generate.\nThe ACT-LC Ge Detector was designed specifically for the detection of internally deposited actinides, particularly uranium, plutonium and americium.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://rothmanortho.com/specialties/conditions/spinal-cord-injuries", "date": "2024-03-04T18:57:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476464.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304165127-20240304195127-00503.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9360935091972351, "token_count": 461, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__3501770", "lang": "en", "text": "Spinal Cord Injuries\nSpinal cord injury (SCI) occurs when a traumatic event results in damage to cells in the spinal cord or severs the nerve tracts that relay signals up and down the spinal cord. The most common types of spinal cord injury include:\n*Contusion (bruising of the spinal cord)\n*Compression (caused by pressure on the spinal cord)\nOther types of spinal cord injury include lacerations (severing or tearing of nerve fibers) and central cord syndrome (specific damage to the cervical region of the spinal cord).\nThere is a wide variety of spinal injuries that can cause spinal cord trauma. These include, but are not limited to, traffic accidents, sports-related injuries, work-related mishaps, hunting injuries involving firearms, physical battery, and virtually any sudden and severe shock to the spinal cord. In fact, even a relatively minor injury can result in spinal cord trauma, especially if the spinal cord is compressed or unstable.\nThe most common causes of serious spinal cord injury occur following trauma. In this situation, the bones of the spine may fracture or the discs may be dislodged leading to trauma to the delicate spinal cord that is surrounded by the bone and discs of the spine.\nFluid accumulation, bleeding, and swelling can occur either inside or outside the spinal cord (but still within the spinal canal). This accumulation of fluid or blood can damage the spinal cord through compression.\nSpinal cord injuries occur in approximately 12,000 to 15,000 people per year in the U.S. About 10,000 of these people are permanently paralyzed, and many of the rest die as a result of their injuries. Young, healthy, and active males between the ages of 15 and 35 are most often the victims of spinal cord trauma.\nOnly about five percent of spinal cord injuries occur in children. The fatality rate is higher with pediatric spine injuries.\nSpinal cord injuries in older individuals are more likely to occur due to spines weakened by osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. In addition, those patients may have problems with balance problems due to illness or medication, or clumsiness (from the after effects of a stroke, for instance) and thus may be significantly more susceptible.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.remind.nz/blogs/blog/feeling-safe-in-our-own-hands", "date": "2024-04-21T09:27:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817729.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421071342-20240421101342-00153.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9534998536109924, "token_count": 635, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__166152279", "lang": "en", "text": "Our immune system is an intelligent part of us as it plays a key role in communicating with our brain via chemical messengers that float throughout our body. However, when weakened through excessive use of our stress-response, our immune system becomes resistant, which consequently affects our whole body. It can’t function as usual, and also it weakens the immune system's ability to fight off antigens [any substance that causes our immune system to produce antibodies against it], causing us to be more susceptible to infections and disease.\nWhen we live in prolonged periods of stress, our immune system can struggle. In one study they found that “the benefit we experience from meditation isn't strictly psychological; there is a clear and quantifiable change in how our bodies function. Meditation is one of the ways to engage in restorative activities that may provide relief for our immune systems, easing the day-to-day stress of a body constantly trying to protect itself”. The way mindfulness and stress impacts the immune system can be measured in a variety of ways. It is relatively new research, but presents positive and promising results to boost our immune system and protect us against infections and diseases. The first is measurements of inflammatory markers [cytokines], the response of our immune system and assessment of how the subjects cope and respond to stressors (Glaser, 2005).\nOne study completed from the Icahn School of Medicine, University of California and Harvard Medical school was conducted to test the benefits of meditation. It consisted of 94 women who went on either a six day vacation, or six day meditation retreat. None of these women had meditated before, however they were joined by 30 experienced meditators, who also were studied and reported on. Blood samples were taken before the study, directly after it, a month after and 10 months after. This enabled researchers to report on the potential changes to 20,000 genes. All of the groups studied presented changes to the genes connected with stress, inflammation and wound healing.\nThose who meditated presented changes to genes that fight viral infections, and increased telomerase activity which stabilises and prevents deterioration of chromosomes for healthier ageing and preventive action from cancers. In a similar study, researchers studied 20 randomised control trials to explore mindfulness meditation and the immune system (Black and Slavich, 2016).\nThey found reduced markers of inflammation [higher levels result in decreased immune function and disease], increased number of CD-4 cells [the cells that support our immune system by signalling to other cells to kill infections], and increased telomerase [explained in the previous study]. Additionally, Davidson (2003) researched the alterations in the brain and immune function through mindfulness meditation practice through exposing a control group to a flu vaccine. After eight weeks, those who were practising mindfulness presented higher levels of antibodies, enabling greater protection from illness and infection.\nSo with being in the middle of a global pandemic and a myriad of health crises, we can provide ourselves a bit of safety and security by taking matters into our own hands. We can use our mindset, our breath, our physiological state to support our immune system.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pccnfc.org/services/radiology/", "date": "2023-12-09T15:24:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100912.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209134916-20231209164916-00542.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9282810688018799, "token_count": 163, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__262753964", "lang": "en", "text": "One of every eight American women will develop breast cancer in her lifetime. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. There is no known prevention of breast cancer, but if it is found early and treated, there is a good chance of a complete cure. That’s why it’s so important for all women to commit to three breast cancer detection practices:\nMonthly Breast Self Exam (BSE). You are in the best position to detect a lump or other changes in your breasts. It is best to perform BSE every month, 10–14 days after your period. If you’re menopausal, choose a day you’ll remember each month.\nFor step by step instructions on how to perform your monthly breast self-exam, click here.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://dunstabledentists.co.uk/facial-aesthetics-safety-information/", "date": "2024-04-13T09:46:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816587.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413083102-20240413113102-00104.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9060846567153931, "token_count": 2109, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__61394763", "lang": "en", "text": "BOTOX® Cosmetic (onabotulinumtoxinA) Important Information\nBOTOX® Cosmetic (onabotulinumtoxinA) for injection is indicated for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines associated with corrugator and/or procerus muscle activity in adult patients.\nLateral Canthal Lines\nBOTOX® Cosmetic is indicated for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe lateral canthal lines associated with orbicularis oculi activity in adult patients.\nIMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION, INCLUDING BOXED WARNING\nWARNING: DISTANT SPREAD OF TOXIN EFFECT\nPostmarketing reports indicate that the effects of BOTOX® Cosmetic and all botulinum toxin products may spread from the area of injection to produce symptoms consistent with botulinum toxin effects. These may include asthenia, generalized muscle weakness, diplopia, ptosis, dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria, urinary incontinence and breathing difficulties. These symptoms have been reported hours to weeks after injection. Swallowing and breathing difficulties can be life threatening and there have been reports of death. The risk of symptoms is probably greatest in children treated for spasticity but symptoms can also occur in adults treated for spasticity and other conditions, particularly in those patients who have an underlying condition that would predispose them to these symptoms. In unapproved uses, including spasticity in children, and in approved indications, cases of spread of effect have been reported at doses comparable to those used to treat cervical dystonia and at lower doses.\nBOTOX® Cosmetic is contraindicated in the presence of infection at the proposed injection site(s) and in individuals with known hypersensitivity to any botulinum toxin preparation or to any of the components in the formulation.\nWARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS\nLack of Interchangeability between Botulinum Toxin Products\nThe potency Units of BOTOX® Cosmetic are specific to the preparation and assay method utilized. They are not interchangeable with other preparations of botulinum toxin products and, therefore, units of biological activity of BOTOX® Cosmetic cannot be compared to nor converted into units of any other botulinum toxin products assessed with any other specific assay method.\nSpread of Toxin Effect\nPlease refer to Boxed Warning for Distant Spread of Toxin Effect.\nNo definitive serious adverse event reports of distant spread of toxin effect associated with dermatologic use of BOTOX® Cosmetic at the labeled dose of 20 Units (for glabellar lines), 24 Units (for lateral canthal lines), 44 Units (for simultaneous treatment of lateral canthal lines and glabellar lines) have been reported.\nInjections In or Near Vulnerable Anatomic Structures\nCare should be taken when injecting in or near vulnerable anatomic structures. Serious adverse events including fatal outcomes have been reported in patients who had received BOTOX® injected directly into salivary glands, the oro-lingual-pharyngeal region, esophagus and stomach. Safety and effectiveness have not been established for indications pertaining to these injection sites. Some patients had pre-existing dysphagia or significant debility. Pneumothorax associated with injection procedure has been reported following the administration of BOTOX® near the thorax. Caution is warranted when injecting in proximity to the lung, particularly the apices.\nSerious and/or immediate hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. These reactions include anaphylaxis, serum sickness, urticaria, soft-tissue edema, and dyspnea. If such reactions occur, further injection of BOTOX® Cosmetic should be discontinued and appropriate medical therapy immediately instituted. One fatal case of anaphylaxis has been reported in which lidocaine was used as the diluent and, consequently, the causal agent cannot be reliably determined.\nThere have been reports following administration of BOTOX® of adverse events involving the cardiovascular system, including arrhythmia and myocardial infarction, some with fatal outcomes. Some of these patients had risk factors including pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Use caution when administering to patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.\nPre-existing Neuromuscular Disorders\nIndividuals with peripheral motor neuropathic diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or neuromuscular junctional disorders (eg, myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton syndrome) should be monitored particularly closely when given botulinum toxin. Patients with neuromuscular disorders may be at increased risk of clinically significant effects including severe dysphagia and respiratory compromise from typical doses of BOTOX® Cosmetic.\nPre-existing Conditions at the Injection Site\nCaution should be used when BOTOX® Cosmetic treatment is used in the presence of inflammation at the proposed injection site(s) or when excessive weakness or atrophy is present in the target muscle(s).\nHuman Albumin and Transmission of Viral Diseases\nThis product contains albumin, a derivative of human blood. Based on effective donor screening and product manufacturing processes, it carries an extremely remote risk for transmission of viral diseases. A theoretical risk for transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) also is considered extremely remote. No cases of transmission of viral diseases or CJD have ever been identified for albumin.\nThe most frequently reported adverse event following injection of BOTOX® Cosmetic for glabellar lines was eyelid ptosis (3%).\nThe most frequently reported adverse event following injection of BOTOX® Cosmetic for lateral canthal lines was eyelid edema (1%).\nCo-administration of BOTOX® Cosmetic and aminoglycosides or other agents interfering with neuromuscular transmission (eg, curare-like compounds) should only be performed with caution as the effect of the toxin may be potentiated. Use of anticholinergic drugs after administration of BOTOX® Cosmetic may potentiate systemic anticholinergic effects.\nThe effect of administering different botulinum neurotoxin products at the same time or within several months of each other is unknown. Excessive neuromuscular weakness may be exacerbated by administration of another botulinum toxin prior to the resolution of the effects of a previously administered botulinum toxin.\nExcessive weakness may also be exaggerated by administration of a muscle relaxant before or after administration of BOTOX® Cosmetic.\nUSE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS\nBOTOX® Cosmetic is not recommended for use in children or pregnant women. It is not known whether BOTOX® Cosmetic is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when BOTOX® Cosmetic is administered to a nursing woman.\nPlease see BOTOX® Cosmetic full Prescribing Information including Boxed Warning and Medication Guide.\nA Brief Description of Indications for Use, Contraindications, Warnings, Precautions, and Adverse Events for JUVÉDERM® Injectable Gel\nIndication: In the United States, JUVÉDERM® injectable gel (including JUVÉDERM® Ultra, JUVÉDERM® Ultra Plus, JUVÉDERM® Ultra XC, and JUVÉDERM® Ultra Plus XC) is indicated for correction of moderate to severe facial wrinkles and folds (such as nasolabial folds).\nContraindications: JUVÉDERM® injectable gel should not be used in patients who have severe allergies marked by a history of anaphylaxis or history or presence of multiple severe allergies. JUVÉDERM® should not be used in patients with a history of allergies to Gram-positive bacterial proteins. JUVÉDERM® Ultra XC and JUVÉDERM® Ultra Plus XC should not be used in patients with a history of allergies to lidocaine.\nWarnings: JUVÉDERM® injectable gel should not be injected into blood vessels. If there is an active inflammatory process or infection at specific injection sites, treatment should be deferred until the underlying process is controlled.\nPrecautions: The safety of JUVÉDERM® for use during pregnancy, in breastfeeding females, or in patients under 18 years has not been established. The safety and effectiveness of JUVÉDERM® injectable gel for the treatment of areas other than facial wrinkles and folds (such as lips) have not been established in controlled clinical studies. Patients who are using substances that can prolong bleeding, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, as with any injection, may experience increased bruising or bleeding at injection site. Patients should inform their physician before treatment if they are using these types of substances. As with all skin-injection procedures, there is a risk of infection. JUVÉDERM® should be used with caution in patients on immunosuppressive therapy, or therapy used to decrease the body’s immune response, as there may be an increased risk of infection. The safety of JUVÉDERM® in patients with a history of excessive scarring (eg, hypertrophic scarring and keloid formations) and pigmentation disorders has not been studied. If laser treatment, chemical peel, or any other procedure based on active dermal response is considered after treatment with JUVÉDERM® injectable gel, or if JUVÉDERM® is administered before the skin has healed completely after such a procedure, there is a possible risk of an inflammatory reaction at the treatment site.\nAdverse events: The most commonly reported side effects are temporary injection-site redness, swelling, pain/tenderness, firmness, lumps/bumps, and bruising. Most side effects are mild or moderate in nature, and their duration is short lasting (7 days or less).\nImportant: For full safety information, please visit www.juvederm.com or call Allergan Product Support at 1-877-345-5372.\nCAUTION: Rx only.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ayogo.com/blog/ayogo-genentech-collaborate-award-winning-health-games", "date": "2023-03-22T09:13:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296943809.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20230322082826-20230322112826-00628.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9053640961647034, "token_count": 301, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__4269268", "lang": "en", "text": "The 2016 International Serious Play Awards competition today recognized the collaboration between Ayogo and Genentech with a Silver Award for two health-games that illustrate immunotherapy. The award winning health games include T-Cells Attack and Lymph Node Labyrinth. Each relates to the science behind the Cancer-Immunity Cycle.\nCancer immunotherapy is the most talked about area of research today. Genentech is a global leader in developing cancer medicines, and cancer immunotherapy is a major focus of their research. Much of this research is based on a framework pioneered by Dan Chen and Ira Mellman called the Cancer Immunity Cycle, which outlines seven steps the immune system takes to recognize and destroy cancer cells.\nTo help educate about the science underlying cancer immunotherapy, and to highlight Genentech’s thought leadership in this space, Ayogo created the mini-games for different steps in the Cancer-Immunity Cycle.\nThe Ayogo team for the project included: Ricard Adrianza, Art Director; Patrick Moody-Grigsby, Creative Director; Mala Srivatsa, Producer; Adam Vernon, Developer.\nGenentech: Josh Kamler, Senior Brand Manager, Strategy & Creative; Holli Kolkey, Associate Director, Corporate Relations; Nicholas Waton, Senior Manager, Digital and Brand Communications.\nWeber Shandwick: Ruchir Shah, Supervisor of Scientific Communications.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://commonground.ideascale.com/a/idea-v2/16987", "date": "2017-06-29T00:34:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128323808.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170629000723-20170629020723-00116.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9751294851303101, "token_count": 228, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-26__0__67948063", "lang": "en", "text": "Ontario could take a leadership rôle by being the first province in Canada to ban gestation crates (also called sow stalls) for pregnant pigs. Most breeding pigs are kept in crates that are barely bigger than the animal itself. They cannot turn around or lie down comfortably. They stand on concrete floors that are slatted to allow their waste to fall through to a pool of sewage below. They spend the four months of pregnancy in these crates, then are moved to farrowing crates to give birth and feed their babies through metal bars. Then they go back to the gestation crate to start the cycle again. Pigs are intelligent sensitive animals and are severely stressed by the conditions, biting on the bars and continuously rolling their heads. Several U.S. states have banned gestation crates as have Sweden and the UK. They are being phased out in Denmark, Australia and New Zealand and this year are being phased out after the fourth week of pregnancy in the other EU countries. Our province can put an aggressive plan in place to end this cruel practice by phasing gestation crates out completely by 2017.\nSow Stalls: A Mother's Worst Nightmare:", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://capriciousyogi.com/tag/ginger", "date": "2018-01-20T09:11:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084889542.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20180120083038-20180120103038-00050.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9452715516090393, "token_count": 153, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__104266782", "lang": "en", "text": "Drinking warm lemon water is an easy, healthy way to start your day. Among many benefits, warm lemon water helps to flush toxins from the body and helps get your digestion going as it helps eliminate waste by ensuring smooth bowel functioning.\nSince lemons are rich in vitamins and nutrients like Vitamin C, calcium and potassium, you’re giving your body a one-two punch of awesome goodness. Lemons are a known antiseptic and also help boost a healthy immune system.\nI like to add fresh ginger and honey (or agave) to my lemon water. Adding a bit of sweet helps to cut the acidity and the ginger is amazing for digestion, as it helps settle the tummy and promote good gut functioning. [Read more…]", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://besthearinghealth.com/how-do-we-hear/", "date": "2023-09-26T02:15:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510130.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926011608-20230926041608-00015.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9165537357330322, "token_count": 340, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__10367255", "lang": "en", "text": "The ability to hear is a product of the complexity and sensitivity of the auditory system.\nThe ear itself is separated into three different parts:\n- The outer ear\n- The middle ear\n- The inner ear\nSound begins as the vibration of air molecules and travels as a wave to the outer ear where it enters the ear canal.\nHere, the sound wave vibrates the eardrum, which marks the separation of the outer and middle ear.\nWithin the middle ear, the three tiniest bones of the human body are suspended within an air filled cavity, the malleus, incus, and stapes.\nThese bones, called the ossicles, act as a lever system and convert the vibratory energy from the eardrum into mechanical energy.\nThe final bone in the ossicular chain, the stapes, meets the oval window, a membrane-covered gateway into the cochlea.\nWithin the cochlea are three fluid-filled channels. Through the movement of the oval window, this fluid is displaced, exciting the sensory organs of hearing, the inner hair cells.\nThe fluid displacement causes the inner hair cells to fire neural impulses up the auditory portion of the VIIIth cranial nerve, called the vestibulocochlear nerve.\nThe VIIIth cranial nerve carries this signal up the brainstem and into the brain, where we recognize sound. At each level of the auditory system, there are complex mechanisms that code for frequency (pitch), intensity (loudness), and time.\nEach of these delicate structures are essential to our ability to detect and process sound and speech, almost instantaneously.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://reversediabetescoach.com/build-strong-bones-with-the-right-type-of-exercise/", "date": "2021-01-20T12:36:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703520883.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20210120120242-20210120150242-00030.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9431091547012329, "token_count": 1084, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__25169108", "lang": "en", "text": "We all lose bone mass when our bone density peaks in our 30s. In fact, after age 40, men and women lose 1.5% to 2% per year, which is considered a small loss. The difference is that women are at greater risk than men of losing much more bone mass due to our smaller size and menopause when we lose estrogen and progesterone. Both of these hormones play an important role in maintaining healthy bones. Estrogen suppresses the production of osteoclasts, the cells that break down the bone and slow the activity of existing osteoclasts. Progesterone, on the other hand, boosts the production and activity of cells that build new bone or osteoblasts. If you have an estrogen/progesterone deficiency, which you can find out with a 24-hour urine test, you may want to consider a bio-identical hormone replacement by a credential pharmacy.\nAfter getting enough of the right nutrients in your diet, which I described in my last blog post, you want to develop an exercise program that emphasizes weight-bearing and resistance exercises. When we exercise or lift weights, the force of muscles pulling against bones stimulates the bone-building osteoblast process.\nThe research shows that postmenopausal women who engaged in resistance training exercise for one year increased their bone mass density (BMD) between 1% and 3%. This is enough to offset the progressive bone loss of 1% to 2% per year after age 40.“Getting physical will stimulate increases in the width of the bones and their ability to absorb minerals throughout the rest of your life,” says Lara Pizzorno, MA, author of Your Bones.\nTypes of Exercise\nYou want to choose physical activities in which you move against gravity and your muscles contract to provide resistance against your bones. Dynamic movement is key. Examples include rhythmic movement such as dancing (Zumba), power walking, jogging/running including in racquet sports, climbing stairs or using a Stairmaster/elliptical, and riding a bicycle. You want to move at a fast pace to increase the frequency of your muscle contractions and bone-building.\nStatic movement such as holding certain yoga poses (i.e. child’s pose) doesn’t increase the stress on your muscles enough to build bones. However, holding the plank may be an exception.\nUnfortunately, swimming, which is another gentle form of exercise with other benefits, involves the water bearing on our weight rather than our bones. But, I still swim in addition to engaging in dynamic exercise several times a week.\nPilates is a gentle precise program, which provides intermittent muscle contractions and isolates muscles to build bones, according to Pizzorno. “Pilates uses both our mobilizing (muscles that move us) and stabilizing muscles also known as the “core” muscles.” Pizzorno recommends avoiding the standard Pilates programs and finding Stott trained Pilates instructors who specialize in osteoporosis. She describes a program in her book that can strengthen rather than weaken your bones. (see Resources for link to interview and her book).\nI found a Bone Smart Pilates DVD program (see Resource link below) designed by physical therapist and trained dancer Teresa Maldonado Marchok specifically to prevent or reverse osteoporosis. The DVD includes both mat and standing exercises such as lunges and squats. I also bought the flex bands for resistance.\nWeight lifting certainly provides resistance but achieving a certain threshold is important to get the bone-building benefits. For example, I was using 3 pound weights for the past few years. Not surprisingly I was soon breezing through my sets of 12-15 reps because the load wasn’t challenging my muscles. After listening to Debra Atkinson during my recent podcast interview (see Resource link), I took it “up a notch” and now lift 5 pound weights and “feel the burn” with just one set of 8-10 reps per muscle group. Also, remember when switching to heavier weights, to start out slow with one set of 6 to 8 reps to avoid straining your muscles.\nWhat to avoid\nForm is very important especially if you have osteopenia/osteoporosis. You want to focus on extension movements which are straightening movements that increase the angle between body parts. You want to avoid flexion movements that compress the neck and spine such as rounding your spine forward, twisting to the left or right, and bending forward to touch your toes. Also, avoid the crunch position in sit-ups and the One-Hundred in Pilates. Research shows that flexion exercises increased the risk of fractures by 89% while extension exercises significantly lowered the risk of fractures to just 16%.\nUse it or Lose it\nThe research shows that if you stop exercising, you can lose the gains you made in bone mass density. So, exercise regularly and consistently. Knowing this, I bring my running shoes when I travel to make sure I get some jogging in. I plan to do some powerwalking in Paris!\nBoneSmart Pilates DVD program with Teresa Maldonado Marchok\nBoneSmart Pilates Osteo Products\nPodcast interview with Lara Pizzorno, MA author of Your Bones", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thendralentertainment.in/treating-constipation-to-fighting-signs-of-ageing-benefits-of-neem/", "date": "2024-04-23T05:36:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818464.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423033153-20240423063153-00000.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9281551837921143, "token_count": 555, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__111608799", "lang": "en", "text": "Neem leaves are full of antioxidants and vitamin E.\nNeem has varied Ayurvedic properties corresponding to bettering digestion, detoxifying the physique, and boosting immunity.\nNeem could be very well-liked as a medicinal plant. Its leaves and extracts are extensively used for varied well being and wonder functions due to its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and restorative qualities. This wonderful herb can be an excellent supply of fatty acids, nutritional vitamins, and minerals which are helpful for wholesome pores and skin and good well being. It additionally incorporates lively components like azadirachtin, nimbidin, and nimbolide, which have unbelievable therapeutic qualities that additional helps to deal with any pores and skin or hair concern. These inexperienced leaves are an beautiful ingredient, which is a uncommon mixture of health and beauty. So, let’s take a look on the shocking advantages of neem for health and beauty functions.\nRemoves dangerous micro organism from the abdomen: Neem has antibacterial properties, which assist to take away any dangerous micro organism within the abdomen. It improves digestion with the assistance of its cooling properties. Together with this, as per research, Neem bark extracts could be very efficient in treating gastrointestinal ulcers.\nReduces blood sugar ranges: In accordance with Ayurveda, neem leaves comprise pitta and kashaya, which when ingested, scale back the blood sugar ranges inside the physique. Quite a few flavonoids and different substances present in neem leaves activate the pancreas and assist regulate blood sugar ranges.\nAssist to remedy constipation: Neem is claimed to have a slight laxative impact that additional helps with intestinal well being. It additionally has the potential to boost bowel motions and ease long-term constipation. Together with this, gasoline and bloating may additionally be cured by taking neem tablets.\nTreats zits: Neem’s antibacterial qualities fight micro organism that trigger zits, aiding in each zits remedy and prevention. It’s additionally fairly useful in regulating oil manufacturing within the pores and skin.\nCombat indicators of ageing: Neem leaves are an excellent anti-aging remedy since they’re full of vitamin E, hydrating triglycerides, and antioxidants. Moreover, they make your pores and skin seem toned and firmer and help to cut back wrinkles, effective traces, and darkish spots.\nIntensify hair progress: Neem’s therapeutic qualities assist in reducing hair loss. Its oil could also be gently massaged into your scalp to enhance blood circulation and which additional helps to boost the velocity of hair progress.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://theaddygroup.com/category/healing-hands/coronavirus/", "date": "2023-02-01T18:28:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499949.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20230201180036-20230201210036-00648.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9252592325210571, "token_count": 258, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__194349125", "lang": "en", "text": "Coronaviruses are a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, these viruses cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal. Mild illnesses include some cases of the common cold (which is also caused by other viruses, predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. There are as yet no vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.\nCoronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and realm Riboviria. They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry. The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 26 to 32 kilobases, one of the largest among RNA viruses. They have characteristic club-shaped spikes that project from their surface, which in electron micrographs create an image reminiscent of the solar corona, from which their name derives", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://enjazalfanar.com.sa/outlines-for-real-world-cbd-vs-thc-chart-advice/", "date": "2021-12-02T00:04:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964361064.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20211201234046-20211202024046-00418.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9594184160232544, "token_count": 1073, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__38451571", "lang": "en", "text": "Delta-9 is the quintessential form of THC that has been the subject of scientific trials for all the things from a number of sclerosis to reminiscence retrieval Based on Piomelli, as a result of delta-8 and delta-9 THC have such the same molecular structure, the two compounds would theoretically produce comparable medical benefits, but there is no strong knowledge to show that is true.\nAn Update On Real-World Programs Of CBD vs THC For Anxiety\nThe fats in hemp oil have quite a lot of effects on the body. They’re key components of cell membranes and hormones, and also have anti-inflammatory effects. Folks rarely use hemp seed oil for recreational or therapeutic functions because it has little to no CBD or THC. In accordance with Piomelli, one of find out this here the reasons hashish is mostly thought-about nontoxic is because its advanced mixture of compounds forms a sort of checks and balances system. Although some plants are bred to include increased quantities of THC, there’s only a lot THC a plant can make,” he mentioned.\nBut in current months, 14 states — Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Iowa, Kentucky, Mississippi, Montana, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont and Utah — have blocked the sale of delta-8, citing lack of analysis into the compound’s psychoactive results. However, not all states see the compound as a well being concern. A section that would have banned delta-8 in Texas was struck from a state bill in Could, maintaining delta-8 THC authorized in Texas.\nUpdates On Methods For Difference Between CBD And THC\nOne of the fundamental differences between CBD and THC is how they behave in your mind, says Deepak Dsouza, MD, professor of psychiatry on the Yale College School of Medication, New Haven, Connecticut. Your body produces hashish-like compounds called endocannabinoids, and CBD and THC mainly mimic or amplify the effects of your natural supply.\nThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) argues that as a result of CBD is an ingredient in an authorized drug (Epidiolex, a synthetic type of CBD oil used to deal with rare genetic seizure disorders in children), it may’t be marketed as a nutritional supplement. The FDA also says it’s illegal so as to add CBD to food merchandise (for humans and animals) and market the edibles across state traces.\nMedical trials are the gold normal of medical research and to this point, just one very small medical trial has been conducted on delta-8 THC. In 1995, Mechoulam and his colleagues administered the compound to eight pediatric most cancers sufferers two hours before each chemotherapy session. Over the course of eight months, none of those sufferers vomited following their cancer therapy, the research discovered. Newer research has additionally tested cannabis’ potential to curb nausea in cancer patients, with promising outcomes, nevertheless, other chemicals within the cannabis plant could also be at play.\nThere are marked variations in how the federal authorities regulates THC and CBD. The FDA is at present weighing the most effective methods to observe CBD merchandise. Whereas THC continues to be lined below the Managed Substances Act (CSA), CBD was removed due to the 2018 Farm Invoice. Now it is up to the FDA to resolve methods to regulate the sale of CBD merchandise.\nHemp seeds are also a wealthy supply of protein and magnesium. Due to their fiber content material, they also promote digestive health. Hemp seed oil comes from the seeds of the hemp plant. Whereas marijuana and hemp are both Cannabis sativa crops, they are totally different varieties. Just because THC comes from a plant that does not kill folks doesn’t mean THC alone is safe. We do not know that until we check it.\nRapid Solutions In Difference Between CBD And THC – The Options\nRaw CBD oil hasn’t been processed after extraction from the plant. It may comprise the CBD precursor, CBD-acid (CBDA), which some research suggests might have its own well being benefits. CBD concentrate has been filtered and processed to extend its potency. This class includes full-spectrum CBD oil, which comprises the other cannabinoids and compounds discovered within the plant, including THC; and broad-spectrum CBD oil, which has been additional processed to remove the THC.\nHowever shoppers who wish to use CBD oil have to do their very own due diligence to ensure that the product they purchase accommodates what the label says it does. The CBD boom—along with spotty regulation—has led to multiple dubious products finding their solution to drugstore and gasoline station shelves. CBD and THC are having a second, and the drumbeat in favor of their benefits is barely rising louder.\nTHC, nevertheless, might be addicting. Almost 30 percent of marijuana users experience marijuana use dysfunction. This dysfunction often travels with other substance use issues, behavioral issues, and disability, and is essentially untreated, in response cbd vs thc oil to a examine in a 2015 issue of JAMA Psychiatry. Twice as many men as women will be recognized with marijuana use disorder, and youthful age teams are much more likely to expertise the dysfunction than individuals older than forty five.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://2towersperformance.ca/product/card-x/", "date": "2023-02-09T08:52:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764501555.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20230209081052-20230209111052-00349.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9610143303871155, "token_count": 146, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__1410450", "lang": "en", "text": "10mg – 80 capsules\nCard X is Cardarine, also known as GW 501516. Cardarine is often miscategorized as a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) which can make it difficult to find. SARMs are for stimulating activity in tissues, similar to anabolic steroids, although SARMs do not affect all tissues. Cardarine functions as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) which regulates body functions, which helps prevent disease and obesity. Card X was synthesized in a lab specifically to counteract harmful processes enacted by your organs. So, how did this supplement come about, and why does it get miscategorized so frequently?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tradevola.com/blog/Gamida-Cell-Natural-Killer/", "date": "2024-04-22T09:23:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818105.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422082202-20240422112202-00680.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8897985219955444, "token_count": 1472, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__16681591", "lang": "en", "text": "FREE STOCK MARKET COMMUNITY\nJoin our readers to learn continuously about the worldwide developments and of course the best opportunities on the capital market.\nExchange - Support - Tips\nOUR COPY TRADING STRATEGY\nPick the traders!\nTarget return: more than 2% per month! (or in other words: 24% p.a.)\nsimple - transparent - safe\nData To Be Presented on Gamida Cell Natural Killer (NK) Cell Therapy Candidate GDA-201 at the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy 2023 Annual Meeting\nGamida Cell Ltd. (Nasdaq: GMDA), a cell therapy pioneer working to turn cells into powerful therapeutics, today announced that an oral presentation highlighting Gamida Cell’s investigational natural killer (NK) cell therapy candidate GDA-201 will be shared at the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT) 2023 Annual Meeting. The meeting takes place May 31-June 3 in Paris, France.\nAdditionally, a poster will be presented with data from Gamida Cell’s pre-clinical NK cell therapy candidate GDA-501, an engineered intrinsic NK cell with a CAR modification targeting the HER2 protein.\n\"The data being presented at ISCT add to the body of evidence demonstrating the power of our nicotinamide (NAM) technology to enhance and expand cells,\" said Ronit Simantov, M.D., Chief Medical and Scientific Officer of Gamida Cell. \"The unique, active phenotype of NAM-NK cells and the high levels of potency and cytotoxicity observed support the strong potential of GDA-201 as a cell therapy for cancer.\"\nAdditional details about the presentations are as follows:\nTitle: GDA-201: Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Cryopreserved Nicotinamide-Expanded Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells Demonstrate an Activated and Non-exhausted Phenotype\nAbstract Number: 36\nPresentation Date: June 2, 9:15-10:15 am CET\nPresenting Author: Yona Geffen, Ph.D.; Vice President of R&D at Gamida Cell\nHighlights: This study investigated the phenotype and function of GDA-201, NK cells expanded using Gamida Cell’s proprietary NAM technology. NAM-NK demonstrated increased expression of lymphoid homing marker CD62L and decreased levels of lineage exhaustion markers CD57 and CD161 compared with NK cells expanded in the absence of NAM. Batch-to-batch variability of 18 batches of cryopreserved formulation of GDA-201 from 18 donors demonstrated an overall variability of ≤25% in critical parameters including viability, phenotyping and cytotoxicity.\nTitle: GDA-501 HER2 Chimeric Antigen Receptor Natural Killer Cells: Dual Cytotoxicity in Solid Tumors Mediated via HER2 and TRAIL\nAbstract Number: 1225\nPresentation Date: June 1, 6-7:30 pm CET\nPresenting Author: Julia Rifman, Ph.D.; Senior Project Manager at Gamida Cell\nHighlights: GDA-501, an expanded, enhanced and engineered NAM HER2-CAR NK cell, showed high levels of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression, suggesting possible meditation of target cell apoptosis. Compared with non-engineered NK cells cultured with NAM, GDA-501 cells displayed increased cytotoxicity against HER2+ tumor cells. When TRAIL was neutralized on GDA-501, a decrease in cytotoxicity was observed. These data suggest that the cytotoxic effect of GDA-501 may be mediated by dual mechanisms: HER2 binding by the HER2-CAR and apoptosis mediated by TRAIL.\nNote: Gamida Cell announced it would discontinue the development of GDA-501 in March 2023.\nGDA-201 is an intrinsic NK cell therapy candidate being investigated for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Preclinical studies have shown that GDA-201 may address key limitations of cultured NK cells by increasing cytotoxicity and in vivo retention as well as proliferation in the bone marrow and lymphoid organs. Furthermore, these data suggest GDA-201 may improve antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and tumor targeting of NK cells. A multicenter Phase 1/2 study of GDA-201 for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is ongoing (NCT05296525).\nGDA-201 is an investigational cell therapy candidate, and its safety and efficacy have not been established by the FDA or any other health authority.\nAbout Gamida Cell\nGamida Cell is a cell therapy pioneer working to turn cells into powerful therapeutics. The company’s proprietary nicotinamide (NAM) technology leverages the properties of NAM to enhance and expand cells, creating allogeneic cell therapy products and candidates that are potentially curative for patients with hematologic malignancies. These include Omisirge®, an FDA-approved nicotinamide modified allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell therapy, and GDA-201, an intrinsic NK cell therapy candidate being investigated for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. For additional information, please visit www.gamida-cell.com or follow Gamida Cell on LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.\nOmisirge® is a registered trademark of Gamida Cell Inc. © 2023 Gamida Cell Inc. All Rights Reserved.\nForward Looking Statements\nThis press release contains forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including with respect to the potentially life-saving or curative therapeutic and commercial potential of GDA-201. Any statement describing Gamida Cell’s goals, expectations, financial or other projections, intentions or beliefs is a forward-looking statement and should be considered an at-risk statement. Such statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions including those related to clinical, scientific, regulatory and technical developments and those inherent in the process of developing and commercializing product candidates that are safe and effective for use as human therapeutics. In light of these risks and uncertainties, and other risks and uncertainties that are described in the Risk Factors section and other sections of Gamida Cell’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023, the accompanying prospectus and other filings that Gamida Cell makes with the SEC from time to time (which are available at www.sec.gov), the events and circumstances discussed in such forward-looking statements may not occur, and Gamida Cell’s actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied thereby. Although Gamida Cell’s forward-looking statements reflect the good faith judgment of its management, these statements are based only on facts and factors currently known by Gamida Cell. As a result, you are cautioned not to rely on these forward-looking statements.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thefloatingegg.net/2006/05/worm-sign/", "date": "2024-04-19T11:53:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817398.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419110125-20240419140125-00369.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9883586168289185, "token_count": 132, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__127453524", "lang": "en", "text": "It rained for three whole days, and this morning the worms were up.\nAs I walked to work, the sidewalk was treacherous with undulating invertebrates. I had never seen earthworms like these; they were huge, luxuriant, some nearly a foot in length. They were so massively majestic that more than once I caught myself on the verge of bellowing Shai-Hulud! in round, reverent tones.\nWhy do they do it? What is it about rain that makes these wriggling subterranean burrowers burst forth to journey along the surface? What do they seek? Or do they even know?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://corralrosales.com/en/tag/propiedad-industrial-en/", "date": "2024-04-13T04:19:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816535.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413021024-20240413051024-00846.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.889671802520752, "token_count": 1547, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__122184576", "lang": "en", "text": "The purpose of antimicrobial drugs is to combat diseases that can be of bacterial, viral and parasitic origin. But when they are misused or overused, these microorganisms can mutate genetically causing resistance to these drugs. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a serious global threat to human and animal health, affecting food safety, food security and the economic well-being of millions of small and large-scale agricultural productions.\nAMR is considered a multisectoral problem of great importance worldwide, which is why health organizations such as the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Organization for Animal Health and the World Health Organization created the “One Health” approach. This approach is implemented to have a better coordination and elaboration of programs that comprise the interface between human and animal health, food production and agro-ecological environments, with the purpose of preventing and being prepared for future threats, such as zoonotic diseases, food safety and AMR.\nAMR is considered a major threat to modern medicine and to the sustainability of an effective response to the threat of infectious diseases. For such reason the World Health Assembly, in May 2015, adopted the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance, where five objectives were established : (i) to have better communication and education on antimicrobial resistance with the aim of creating understanding and awareness of the issue; (ii) to strengthen this knowledge through surveillance and research; (iii) to reduce the incidence of infections by implementing effective biosecurity, hygiene and infection prevention measures; (iv) to optimize the use of antimicrobial drugs in human and animal health; and (v) to intensify sustainable projects and investments for the development of new drugs, vaccines and diagnostic means.\nThis resolution commits the member countries to develop national and multisectoral action plans with a “One Health” approach, which is why in Ecuador the National Plan for the Prevention and Control of Antimicrobial Resistance was established to fight AMR and to have national action plans harmonized with the global action plan.\nIn order to establish a national plan, it is of vital importance to know the consumption data of antibiotics generally used in infectious diseases, both in humans and animals. Ecuador does not have this information, so it is hypothesized that the indiscriminate and inappropriate use of antibiotics has caused serious consequences such as increased morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from infectious processes, as well as an increase in the cost of health care due to the search for options that can combat infectious diseases with antibiotics that do not present resistance and that do not determine a high cost.\nThe Ecuadorian State has been working against AMR since 2017, through the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, executing the National Plan for the Prevention and Control of Antimicrobial Resistance. The focus is the rational use of antimicrobials and effective sanitation measures to reduce the incidence of infections, involving health technicians from Health, Agriculture, Environment, Aquaculture and Fisheries, with the aim of integrating and working together to seek mechanisms to help mitigate AMR. This, through analysis and research work in the laboratory and in the field with activities that help to socialize and raise awareness of this problem to all those involved, especially those who are linked to food, animal health, environment and human health.\nThe Agency for Phytosanitary and Zoosanitary Regulation and Control AGROCALIDAD is responsible for regulating the registration of companies and products for veterinary use, for which it has issued Technical Manual 003. This manual makes special mention to the use of Colistin, as part of the formulation of products for veterinary use and consumption, since it represents a risk to public health as an antibiotic of restricted use in human medicine, which is generally used in multi-resistant diseases. For this reason, AGROCALIDAD prohibits the manufacture, formulation, importation and distribution of products containing Colistin.\nAGROCALIDAD is also working on a proposal for the restriction of antimicrobials that are used as growth promoters. The aim is to eliminate the indiscriminate use of antibiotics by prohibiting the registration, importation, manufacture, formulation, and marketing of these active ingredients generally used in the animal production chain.\nIn conclusion, although advances in medical research are promising in the field of prevention and treatment of AMR, global actions are required to reduce the dissemination and mitigate the negative effects of resistant bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that affect living beings in different ecosystems. The commitment of governments and the support they receive from the different actors in the commercialization chain (private companies, laboratories, distributors, users) play an important role in the fulfillment of actions to reduce the inappropriate prescription of antimicrobials, increase immunization against pathogens, disease prevention and control measures, and strengthen pharmacovigilance of resistant pathogens in human, agricultural and veterinary medicine.\nVeterinarians, as the main actors in animal health, have a fundamental role to play in the fight against antimicrobial resistance, for which they must encourage their proper use under prescription, promote good hygiene, biosafety, and vaccination practices, and promote the correct diagnosis of infectious diseases in animals.\n Resistencia a Los Antimicrobianos. OPS/OMS | Organización Panamericana de la Salud. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.paho.org/es/temas/resistencia-antimicrobianos.\n CCNASWP / Fiji calls for closer collaboration as FAO/WHO regional meeting gets underway in Nadi. Home | CODEXALIMENTARIUS FAO-WHO. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/en/\n Publications. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2016). Retrieved December 22, 2022, from http://www.fao.org/publications\n Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador, Plan Nacional para la prevención y control de la resistencia antimicrobiana; Quito, Viceministerio de Gobernanza y Vigilancia de la Salud,, 2019, Disponible en: . (2019, November 18). Retrieved from https://www.salud.gob.ec/msp-presento-plan-nacional-para-la-prevencion-y-control-de-la-resistencia-antimicrobiana-ram-2019-2023/.\n Agrocalidad prohíbe El Uso del Antibiótico Colistina en animales. AGROCALIDAD. (2019, February 25). Retrieved December 25, 2022, from https://www.agrocalidad.gob.ec/agrocalidad-prohibe-el-uso-del-antibiotico-colistina-en-animales/\n Resistencia Antimicrobiana en producción animal. OPS/OMS | Organización Panamericana de la Salud. (n.d.). Retrieved December 20, 2022, from https://www.paho.org/es/panaftosa/resistencia-antimicrobiana-produccion-animal .", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.uhi.ac.uk/en/research-enterprise/events-and-seminars/eimr/eimr2022/eimr-scientific-advisory-committee/", "date": "2023-01-27T11:35:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764494976.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20230127101040-20230127131040-00715.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8427112698554993, "token_count": 287, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__298460861", "lang": "en", "text": "EIMR Scientific Advisory Committee\nEnvironmental Interactions of Marine Renewables 2022\nThe Scientific Committee is again chaired by Professor Ben Wilson of University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI). The committee will decide the overall shape of the conference programme and select presentations on the basis of submitted abstracts and invitations to key speakers.\nThe composition of the Scientific Committee may vary but at the time of writing, members are as follows:\n- Ben Wilson (The Scottish Association for Marine Science, UHI, chair)\n- Raeanne Miller (Aquatera)\n- David Woolf (HWU)\n- Ian Davies (Marine Scotland Science)\n- Anne Marie O’Hagan (University College Cork)\n- Rory O’Hara Murray (Marine Scotland Science)\n- Erica Knott (NatureScot)\n- Elva Bannon (Wave Energy Scotland)\n- Maurizio Collu (University of Strathclyde)\n- Benjamin Williamson (Environmental Research Institute, UHI)\n- Beth Scott (University of Aberdeen)\n- Andrea Copping (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/ University of Washington)\n- Joe Onoufriou (Marine Scotland Science)\nThe committee will decide the overall shape of the conference programme and select presentations on the basis of submitted abstracts and invitations to key speakers.\nAbstract and ePoster submissions are now closed for 2022.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hsd2.org/Page/3818", "date": "2020-07-15T04:53:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657155816.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20200715035109-20200715065109-00531.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.937945544719696, "token_count": 259, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__9022084", "lang": "en", "text": "To help keep students safe and lower the risk of spreading germs and disease it is important to take precautions and stay informed.\n- Avoid close contact with other people.\n- Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.\n- Wash your hands often with soap and water.\n- Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.\n- Practice other good health habits: Get plenty of sleep, be physically active, manage your stress, drink plenty of fluids, and eat nutritious food.\n- Get vaccinated.\n- Stay home when you are sick.\nBenefits of flu vaccination:\n- Flu vaccination can keep you from getting sick with the flu.\n- Flu vaccination can reduce the risk of flu-associated hospitalization for children and adults.\n- Flu vaccination is an important preventive tool for people with chronic conditions.\n- Flu vaccination helps protect women during and after pregnancy.\n- Flu vaccine can be life-saving in children.\n- Flu vaccination has been shown in several studies to reduce severity of illness in people who get vaccinated but still get sick.\n- Getting vaccinated yourself may also protect people around you, including those who are more vulnerable to serious flu illness, like babies and young children, older people, and people with certain chronic health conditions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://myaura.co.nz/pages/your-skin-aging", "date": "2023-12-09T21:27:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100972.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209202131-20231209232131-00755.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9322876930236816, "token_count": 393, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__37725070", "lang": "en", "text": "Your Skin & Ageing\nGenetic disposition can have an effect on how our skin appears to age at varying life stages, along with lifestyle factors of alcohol, diet, drugs, environmental pollutants, sun exposure, smoking and stress. Illness, medication and trauma can undoubtedly also have a large impact.\nSkin has more resilience and strength in our youth as the cells multiply to replenish with vigour. As we age, body processes slow down, with less replacement cell growth and sebaceous gland secretion affecting suppleness and tone. Early signs commence with the appearance of slight line creases which eventually become larger (forming wrinkles) and the skin begins to sag. This is more noticeable on the face as facial skin tissue is far thinner and more sensitive than other body areas.\nMid 20’s to 30’s Faint, small fine lines appear - usually around the eyes and mouth known as expression or laugh lines.\nMid 30’s to 40’s The lines deepen and become more noticeable. Additional fine lines form around the nose and mouth and corners of the lips. Skin tone is softer and less taut.\nMid 40’s to 50’s The lines deepen to wrinkles and the skin begins to sag. This is more noticeable on the neck as it has less fat cells and sebaceous glands. The skin appears drier, often with flakey patches and requires more hydration.\nMid 50’s to 60’s The skin becomes drier, thinner and sags further due to the lack of elastin. Collagen production and sebaceous gland secretion slows further. Skin loses the ability to retain moisture and bone density may affect the underlying structure.\nOver 65 Noticeable structural changes appear and rejuvenating elastin and collagen production is virtually non-existent. Natural protection lowers, circulation is impaired, skin repair is slower and damage (age) spots are evident.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://supervet.in/product/royal-canin-maxi-breed-adult-dry-dog-food-4kg/", "date": "2024-04-18T01:09:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817184.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417235906-20240418025906-00803.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9440551400184631, "token_count": 244, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__30157831", "lang": "en", "text": "This formula includes high-quality protein and balanced fibre for optimum digestibility. It also has Omega 3 fatty acids to help the coat and skin stay healthy. Bone and joint support is very important for adults of large breeds so they can support their large frames.\n- Food Type: Dry food for dogs\n- Suitable for adult dogs of maxi breeds (above 15 months) (26-44 Kg)\n- Strengthens the skeletal system\n- Highly digestible\n- Supports coat and skin health\n- Consult a vet before altering your pet’s diet\n- Always have fresh water available for your pet\n- Never exceed recommended feeding quantities unless prescribed by a vet\nHUFT Tip: Pet parents often start their large breed babies on calcium supplements without first consulting a vet. The truth is that too much calcium can do just as much damage as too little. Excess calcium can be deposited on the bone tissue and possibly lead to skeletal deformities. This is why we always recommend that you consult a vet before you start your pet on any supplement.\nFeeding requirements will vary based on your pet’s level of activity, environment and age.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.whereitallbegan.co.za/travel-tips/fresh-finds/how-to-visit-south-africa-s-marine-big-5-ethically", "date": "2022-05-22T04:08:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662543797.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220522032543-20220522062543-00258.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9532531499862671, "token_count": 190, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__17004585", "lang": "en", "text": "How ethical is shark cage diving? It's a difficult question to answer but normally, the answer starts with the words 'It depends on how it's done....'\nOffering a truly sustainable alternative to the adrenalin-fuelled baiting practices of most shark cage diving companies, Marine Dynamics in Gansbaai, South Africa allows you to see a wide variety of large marine creatures in a sympathetic way, with each trip lead by a marine biologist.\nMulti-award winning and Fair Trade accredited, we'd particularly recommend their visit to the Dyer Island Reserve: the channel between Dyer Island and Geyser Island attracts whales, blue and mako sharks, Great Whites, as well as dolphins, rays and a host of bird life.\nYou'll be particularly impressed by the work of the Dyer Island Conservation Trust who are directly funded by the cost of your trip. https://www.dict.org.za/", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nutrabulk.com/blog/what-the-heck-is-arginine", "date": "2023-02-01T00:19:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499891.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20230131222253-20230201012253-00646.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9617123603820801, "token_count": 327, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__108569927", "lang": "en", "text": "By now you may have heard of arginine, but what the heck is it? Well, arginine is gaining some traction as a potential treatment for heart issues which is notable because millions of Americans suffer from some variety of cardiovascular disease. Arginine shows up in foods such as seeds and nuts, grains and wheat, and fish and red meat. It helps to relax arteries, maintain your immune and hormone functions, assist your kidneys in removing waste from your body, and even support your body during the healing of wounds.\nWhen arginine enters your body, it turns into nitric oxide which is a neurotransmitter that improves your circulation. It may also help reduce blood pressure in certain cases and help those who suffer from leg cramping and intermittent claudication to increase their walking distances. According to information from the Mayo Clinic “there is good scientific evidence that dietary supplementation with arginine may help people with coronary artery disease, angina, or clogged arteries, due to its effects on blood vessels.”\nIf you suffer from a condition that you think would benefit from an arginine supplement, discuss your options with your healthcare provider or reach out to our in-house nutritionist who is more than happy to answer your questions and provide you with suggestions for your situation. Our arginine products contain NO milk, egg, fish, peanuts, shellfish, soybeans, nuts, wheat, yeast, gluten, corn, rice, sugar, artificial sweeteners, flavors, colors, or preservatives ensuring that it can be taken by anyone that needs it. Your satisfaction is 100% guaranteed!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://geoclassics.com/ptwoodtable.htm", "date": "2013-12-09T16:37:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163990831/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133310-00065-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9755391478538513, "token_count": 349, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__185615424", "lang": "en", "text": "Petrified Forest National Park was first established as a National\nMonument on December 8, 1906, when Teddy Roosevelt signed the proclamation. Congress\npassed a bill that elevated the monument into a national park in 1962.\nThe ''Petrified forest\" is a spectacular region of fossil logs in the Painted Desert in Arizona. The famous petrified forests occur in the colorfully banded sequence of rocks called the Chinle Formation. The transformation from wood to stone occurred about 200 million years ago during the end of the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era. These trees lived in a region which had a moist and probably warm climate. Washed from upland areas where they grew, the logs accumulated on delta flats where they were buried by sands and silts, and by layers of volcanic ash, derived from volcanoes further to the west. The volcanic ash was the source of the silica which helped to mineralize the logs after they were covered in sediment. The logs were replaced by silica, colored with oxides of iron and manganese and are generally very well preserved. The trees belong generally to three species of conifers of the family Araucariaceae. The family is still around today, with modern representatives such as the rather strangely named, because it is extremely prickly, \"Monkey Puzzle\" tree. The most common of the fossil trees in the Petrified Forest is Araucarioxylon arizonicum. Some of the logs, although broken into segments, represent substantial trees which would be over 50 meters tall when they were alive. Some trees have been replaced so perfectly that the annual growth rings and cell walls show clearly, as seen in the samples below.\nBack to fossils", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.aapexpetpharmacy.com/2018/06/12/hormonal-disorders-of-dogs-understanding-symptoms-causes-and-treatment/", "date": "2019-07-16T12:10:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195524548.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20190716115717-20190716141717-00520.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9067203998565674, "token_count": 1774, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__67209753", "lang": "en", "text": "Like in humans, hormonal disorders plague dogs too, and demand attention, treatment, and care. Hormones are chemical messengers that trigger and regulate physiological reactions inside the body and contribute towards maintaining an ideal condition in the body (homeostasis) which, in turn, ensures balanced metabolism, highly desired for a good health. Here is a brief attempt to understand hormonal disorders in dogs, their causes, remedy, and care.\nThe question itself has the answer. It’s either too much or inadequate secretion of hormones. Accordingly, the over-secretion situation is prefixed as Hyper (hyperthyroidism) while the opposite one is prefixed as Hypo (hypothyroidism).\nHormones are secreted by glands in the dog’s body as shown in the picture above and are released into the bloodstream for distribution across desired organs. There could be different factors affecting the functioning of the glands like autophagy, tissue degeneration, lack of nutrition, development of nodules or tumors, and so on.\nBoth the conditions lead to disruption in the functioning of some or the other organ or organ system in the body of a dog, which is sometimes recognizable immediately and sometimes at a later or delayed stage. Likewise, the consequences could be simple or complex and so could be the treatment.\n|Endocrine Gland||Hormone(s) Produced||Function|\n|Pituitary gland (anterior lobe)|\n|Corticotropin(adrenocorticotropic hormone)||Stimulates the production and secretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex|\n|Growth hormone||Promotes growth of the body and influences the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids|\n|Follicle-stimulating hormone||Stimulates the growth of follicles in the ovaries and induces the formation of sperm in the testes|\n|Luteinizing hormone||Stimulates ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum in the female and the production of testosterone by the testes in the male|\n|Prolactin||Stimulates the mammary glands to secrete milk|\n|Thyroid-stimulating hormone||Stimulates the production and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland|\n|Pituitary gland (posterior lobe)|\n|Antidiuretic hormone; also known as arginine vasopressin||Causes the kidneys to conserve water by concentrating the urine and reducing urine volume; also has lesser role in regulating blood pressure|\n|Oxytocin||Stimulates the contraction of smooth muscle of the uterus during labor and facilitates ejection of milk from the breast during nursing|\n|Parathyroid glands||Parathyroid hormone||Raises the blood calcium concentration by promoting absorption of calcium by the intestine, mobilizing calcium salts from bones, and increasing the ability of the kidney to recover calcium from urine; also lowers phosphate by enhancing its excretion by the kidneys|\n|Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4 )||Increase the basal metabolic rate; also regulate protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism|\n|Calcitonin||Participates in calcium and phosphorus metabolism; tends to have the opposite effects of parathyroid hormone|\n|Aldosterone||Helps regulate salt and water balance by retaining sodium (salt) and water and excreting potassium|\n|Cortisol||Has widespread effects throughout the body; involved in the response to stress; active in carbohydrate and protein metabolism; helps maintain blood sugar level, blood pressure, and muscle strength|\n|Epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine||Released in response to stress; stimulates heart action and increases blood pressure, metabolic rate, and blood glucose concentration; also raises blood sugar and fatty acid levels|\n|Insulin||Lowers blood sugar level; affects the metabolism of sugar, protein, and fat|\n|Glucagon||Raises blood sugar level, thus opposing the action of insulin|\n|Estrogen||Controls female reproductive system, along with other hormones; responsible for promoting estrus and the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics|\n|Progesterone||Prepares the uterus for implantation of the fertilized egg, maintains pregnancy, and promotes development of the mammary glands|\n|Testosterone||Responsible for the development of the male reproductive system and secondary male sexual characteristics|\nCommon Hormonal Disorders in a Dog\nScientifically the infections are called alopecia (early stage hair loss) and dermatosis (Later stage hair loss).\nCauses: The diseases are caused by an imbalance in the reproductive hormones called estrogen (female) and androgen (male). The hormones are produced in male and female dogs by adrenal gland.\nDiagnosis and Treatment\nOne should reach out to a veterinarian for diagnosis and explain to him or her about the thorough history of the dog’s health, including symptoms and consequences. The pet owner must mention any possible incidents that might have triggered the skin infection.\nThe diagnosis starts with a thorough physical examination of your dog. If required, the vet may recommend a biochemical profile, including a complete blood count, a urinalysis, or skin biopsy. At times, X-ray, ultrasonography, laparoscopy or imagining is required too if there is some internal complications emerge in the skin.\nMedications for treatment are suggested based on the diagnostic report. In some cases, the vet may prescribe compounding medicines based on the condition of the pet. Surgery and radiotherapy are also suggested in extreme condition.\nCushing disease is categorized into two categories: 1. hyperadrenocorticism resulting from excessive secretion of cortisol by adrenal glands; 2. Panhypopituitarism caused due to low secretion of anterior pituitary hormones by pituitary gland also sometimes called as the master endocrine gland.\nThe disease is common in dogs but not in other species. Dog breeds like Miniature Poodles, Dachshunds, Boxers, Boston Terriers, and Beagles are at increased risk. Middle-aged and older dogs are more prone to the disease.\nCauses: In most affected dogs (85 to 90%), the cause is a small, benign pituitary tumor. In the remaining 10 to 15% of dogs, the cause is a tumor of the adrenal gland itself. The tissue of the\nDiagnosis and Treatment\nA series of laboratory tests might be required to conclude the causes due to a high percentage of false-positives in the test results. A gap of 3 to 6 months is required, at times, between two subsequent tests. Additional tests are conducted to know whether the disease is caused by a tumor of the pituitary gland or the adrenal gland.\nThe influence of the drug should be monitored regularly as a reduced level of cortisol can result in reduced appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea.\nThe thyroid gland is a 2-lobed gland in the neck that secrets 2 iodine-containing hormones (thyroxine), viz., T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (tetraiodothyronine), which are essential for running the vital metabolic activities in a smooth manner. The hormones are required in the right condition. Hypothyroidism is a situation where the gland fails to produce an adequate amount of the hormone which, in turn, reduces the metabolic rate. This hormonal disorder is common in dogs aging 4 to 10 years. The reverse condition is known as hyperthyroidism.\nSymptoms of Hypothyroidism\nSymptoms of Hyperthyroidism\nHyperthyroidism is much more common in cats than in dogs.\nThe inflammation or shrinkage of the tissues of thyroid gland is responsible for hypothyroidism. In rare cases, cancer or congenital defects can trigger the health issue in a pet. Tumor or thyroid cancer in some cases is related to over secretion of throxine hormone. A prolonged medication to check hypothyroidism or intake of antibiotics for dogs can also cause hyperthyroidism.\nDiagnosis and Treatment\nObserving the symptoms and correlating them with clinical findings based on tests of blood and stool samples, a veterinarian recommends a medication or a mixture of medications along with the right dog nutrition to help the dog successfully recover from the thyroid related issues. Sometimes, vets recommend thyroid medication for dogs based on a specific condition of the pet. If you notice your pet suffering from any of the symptoms over a period, must go for a thyroid test with a recommendation from your vet.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://en.fah-addict.net/articles/print/11-relly-brandman/", "date": "2020-07-04T02:28:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655883961.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20200704011041-20200704041041-00265.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9634390473365784, "token_count": 296, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__232364274", "lang": "en", "text": "Relly Brandman is a graduate student in the Chemical and Systems Biology Department at Stanford. This department was originally called the Molecular Pharmacology Department and it still has a tradition of being very closely connected to pharmaceuticals and therapeutics. Relly's work with Folding@home is very much in this tradition.\nRelly is interested in studying the ribosome tunnel as a target for novel antibiotics. There are already several antibiotics which target the ribosome tunnel (you may have already taken some, such as Erythromycin). However, these drugs appears to be easily circumvented by the bacteria -- they have evolved around the drugs and have become drug resistant. Indeed, drug resistance in bacteria makes sense -- as the drugs we take exit our bodies in urine, and sit in the sewers where they interact with bacteria. The bacteria which survive are the ones that aren't affected, and this causes a selective pressure towards antibiotic resistance -- evolution at work!\nRelly's project (joint with Guha Jayachandran) is to first predict and understand existing antibiotic behavior, and then predict novel antibiotics. This is part of a Stanford University BioX grant, with two experimental groups. If successful, we should be able to find novel types of antibiotics, which should hopefully be very useful in dealing with the major problem of drug resistance.\nCopied from: Meet FAH team member: Relly Brandman\n(Vijay Pande's blog)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.anr-technologies.com/products/cnd-2-gelma-ds100-1sterile", "date": "2023-12-05T05:53:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100545.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205041842-20231205071842-00080.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8695144653320312, "token_count": 406, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__225540359", "lang": "en", "text": "Gelatin methacrylate, commonly known as GelMA, which can be UV cross-linked to form hydrogels for biological 3D printing and tissue engineering. It has been used for endothelial cell morphogenesis, cardiomyocytes, epidermal tissue, injectable tissue constructs, bone differentiation, and cartilage regeneration etc. It can also form microspheres or bio-capsules for drug delivery and cell encapsulation. GelMA has been filtered but has not been sterilized.\nHow to dissolve GelMA in aqueous media for 3D cell culture or 3D biofabrication\n- Warm up aqueous media to 37 or 50 oC.\n- Place GelMA into aqueous media (PBS or other aqueous media) at a desired concentration (10, 20, or 30% w/v).\n- Stir GelMA media at 200 – 500 rpm at 37 - 50 oC for 1-3 h until GelMA samples are dissolved completely.\n- Centrifuge them at 5000 – 8000 rpm at 37 - 50 oC for 5 min and then filter them through sterile 0.22/0.45 µm syringe filters (with PES membrane, 25 mm diameter) at 50 oC (please warm the syringes and filters as well before filtration) to sterilize GelMA solutions.\n- Mix cells with warm sterile GelMA solutions containing 0.1 - 0.5% LAP or I2959 in the biosafety hood at a desired cell concentration of 100,000 - 1,000,000 cells/mL.\n- Photo-crosslink cell-contained GelMA solutions via exposure to light (365 nm for I2959 or 405 nm for LAP) with an intensity of 0.5 - 50 mW/cm2 for 0.5 - 5 min.\n- Transfer cell-laden GelMA gels into tissue culture flasks with each well containing enough culture media.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.proscubacenter.com/en/fish-identification", "date": "2024-02-22T00:37:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473598.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221234056-20240222024056-00078.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.924679696559906, "token_count": 307, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__75330111", "lang": "en", "text": "Have you ever been scuba diving and asked yourself, \"What was that?” The PADI Fish Identification Specialty course at PRO SCUBA CENTER provides you with the fish identification basics so that next time, you know the answer.\nYou’ll find you enjoy your dives even more when you recognize the creatures that you see. The fun part about this course is you can use the skills you learn on every scuba diving vacation because once you learn the main fish families and characteristics it will help you decipher the species you see all over the world.\nFor example, a butterfly fish in the Caribbean has a similar shape to a butterfly fish in Southeast Asia, but their colors and markings may be wildly different. If you know what fish family it belongs to, it becomes much easier to look up the local name or at least be able to intelligently ask the local scuba instructor what you saw. That works better than asking about a “yellow thingy with a funny tail fin.”\nYou gain hands-on (okay, eyes-on) experience in looking for and identifying the fascinating fish you see underwater. You’ll learn:\nYour Next Adventure\nAs you learn about fish survey techniques with PRO SCUBA CENTER you may also want to brush up on your underwater photography skills so that you can document and capture images of the species you’re encountering.\nFor more information about this or other PADI courses contact PRO SCUBA CENTER.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.cityofuhland.com/notices/sampling-locations-needed-for-plum-creek-study/", "date": "2018-04-21T22:42:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125945459.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20180421223015-20180422003015-00161.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8337822556495667, "token_count": 337, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__55235300", "lang": "en", "text": "Thanks to the support of our Partnership and contributions from the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority and the City of Kyle, sampling is currently underway in the Plum Creek watershed to better understand the complexity and primary sources of bacteria loading in Plum Creek.\nA 12-month bacterial source tracking study will be examining the DNA signature of fecal bacterial found in Plum Creek.\nHERE IS WHERE YOU COME IN!\nWe need fecal samples from a variety of animal species (including Homo sapiens) in the watershed to refine our DNA library. Lucas Gregory, a research scientist with the Texas Water Resources Institute and Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, will be leading a team to collect samples.\nWe need volunteers to allow the team access to collect fecal samples from the following:\nHuman – Wastewater Treatment Facility (8)\nHuman – Septic System (8)\nFeral Hogs (10)\nVarious small and medium mammals (10)\nNOTE: Sampling will be completed discretely and your privacy will be protected. Due to laboratory processing times, sampling needs to take place on Mondays.\nSO, IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO BE A PART OF THIS CRITICALLY IMPORTANT STUDY TO SHAPE THE FUTURE OF WATERSHED PROTECTION IN PLUM CREEK, PLEASE RESPOND TO THIS EMAIL WITH:\n(1) YOUR NAME\n(2) BEST WAY TO CONTACT YOU\n(3) TYPE OF SAMPLE YOU COULD PROVIDE\nThank you so much for your continued support!\nPlum Creek Watershed Partnership", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.summersolutionsswim.com/skincare-open-water-swimmers-swimmers-itch/", "date": "2023-10-02T19:12:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511002.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002164819-20231002194819-00445.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9416372179985046, "token_count": 812, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__172594054", "lang": "en", "text": "The condition known as swimmer’s itch—or cercarial dermatitis for a more technical-sounding name—can affect people who swim or wade in warm open water in most places around the world. It’s much more common in freshwater bodies like lakes and ponds, but it can occur in salt water, too. It’s not a particularly serious condition, but it’s definitely a nuisance. So, here’s what you need to know about swimmer’s itch.\nCause of Swimmer’s Itch\nCercarial dermatitis is an allergic reaction to infection by a parasite that burrows into the skin. Gross, huh? These parasites normally live in waterfowl, wading birds, and migrating birds, as well as some mammals, like raccoons, beavers, and muskrats.\nTheir eggs are released via an infected bird’s feces, and if they end up in the water, larvae hatch. These need to develop in snails. Once they do, the parasites exit the snail and swim around looking for a host. They will enter a human if the opportunity presents itself, but they can’t live for long or continue their life cycle in a human host.\nThe parasites causing swimmer’s itch are acquired in warm water, so it’s most common during summer months. You can’t spread the rash or the infection to another person or animal.\nSwimmer’s Itch Symptoms\nThe condition presents as a red rash. It may be a patchy pinpoint rash, or look more like pimples or blisters. And it’s tingly or itchy, but usually not severely so. The rash typically only appears on skin that was directly exposed to the water, and not covered by your swimsuit or any accessories.\nThe itching of swimmer’s itch can begin within minutes of infection. The rash isn’t usually far behind, often appearing within a few to 12 hours, and reliably within 48 hours. Expect cercarial dermatitis to last a few days, and sometimes up to seven days.\nTreating Swimmer’s Itch\nUsually, no treatment is required. The parasites can’t live in a human host, so they die off while in the skin and are flushed out. See your doctor if the rash and/or itching persists for days or are severe, or if there’s pus or other signs of infection.\nSymptoms are manageable with standard treatments for rash, itching, and allergic reactions. Try a cold compress on affected areas, a topical anti-itch application, a topical or oral antihistamine, bathing in Epsom salt or colloidal oatmeal, or a corticosteroid. Refrain from scratching, as this can inflame the rash and lead to secondary infections.\nAbout Swimmer’s Itch Prevention\nChlorinated water is safe from the parasites that cause swimmer’s itch. But if you swim in warm fresh or salt water where there are mollusks and birds or host mammals, you’re at risk of contracting the infection.\nThere’s no way to know if water is infested with these parasites, unless of course you know that people have gotten infected after swimming in a particular body. In such cases, refrain from wading or swimming in that water.\nThe more time you spend in the water, the greater your chances of coming into contact with parasites if they’re in there. Also, the more skin you have exposed, the higher the risk of infection. The risk is also greater in the warmest shallow water, so swimming out to deeper water reduces your chances of catching swimmer’s itch. Wearing waterproof sunblock may also help keep the parasites out of your skin. Always rinse off thoroughly and towel dry after getting out of the water, too.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://matrixdiagnostic.com/hiseq-and-cancer-detection.html", "date": "2020-06-05T22:41:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590348504341.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20200605205507-20200605235507-00593.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9627882838249207, "token_count": 292, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__152535942", "lang": "en", "text": "The Impact of the HiSeq on Rare Variants\nAre you at risk? It seems as if the number of lives that are affected by cancer, either directly or indirectly, is increasing exponentially with each passing year. Thankfully, this alarming rate of growth has also led to an increased interest and funding of cancer research. The advancements scientists are able to make today are due in large part to Next-Generation Sequencing platforms, such as Illumina’s HiSeq system. The HiSeq has been a significant addition to laboratories across the globe, including MR DNA. These high-throughput sequencers, such as the HiSeq, provide the ability to sequence genes at a greater depth than ever before and at a cost lower than ever before.\nThe team of scientists at MR DNA are able to pair their expertise in targeting the human exome with the cutting edge technology of the HiSeq in order to pinpoint those rare and potentially cancer causing variants that would otherwise remain undetected. Again, because of the high-throughput capabilities of the HiSeq, not only can the proper depth of coverage be achieved, but more samples can be placed on each run, thus making whole exome sequencing more affordable. As laboratories such as, MR DNA, remain committed to providing DNA sequencing at a low cost, and the ever evolving advancements in technology, you can be sure to see more publications and news headlines involving affordable whole exome sequencing", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.jaystrange.com/warning-these-mistakes-will-destroy-your-cbd-oil/", "date": "2019-03-18T22:39:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912201707.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20190318211849-20190318233849-00548.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9377816319465637, "token_count": 598, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__30900920", "lang": "en", "text": "Hemp extracts containing cannabidiol (CBD) are more and more used to cut back anxiety and stress and to advertise basic well-being. Studies have discovered that CBD therapy significantly reduces the danger of diabetes in mice. The Journal of Scientific Investigation revealed a study saying that CBD has an anti-inflammatory effect on our health, so it helps to decrease the amount of sebum produced by our bodies. Because of its anti-inflammatory role, CBD is a very promising therapeutic agent for a wide range of inflammatory and pain-related issues.\nNervousness and depression is available in many kinds, event, and responses. That is useful because low-grade, chronic irritation usually is a part of atherosclerosis, the disease behind strokes, heart assaults and artery problems. A 2006 research discovered that CBD treatment significantly decreased the incidence of diabetes in non-overweight diabetic mice from an incidence of 86 p.c in non-treated mice to an incidence of 30 p.c in CBD-handled mice.\nIt signifies that, as an alternative of a psychoactive effect that THC brings, CBD oil, quite the opposite, reduces symptoms like euphoria, anxiousness, brief-time period memory impairment. Regardless of many cigarette warnings for respiratory, cardiovascular, reproductive and digestive system problems, a lot of people are hooked on cigarette.\nThe efficiency of a tincture generally signifies that a shopper would solely need to take two to a few teaspoons of the substance a day. Improving the looks of the skin, particularly decreasing the signs and signs of acne and eczema , are the great CBD Oil Wholesale benefits of standard CBD oil use. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) says that CBD might assist alleviate most cancers signs and most cancers therapy uncomfortable side effects.\nPreliminary research recommend that CBD might have protective results on the center, and may scale back infarct size (variety of coronary heart muscle cells that die during a heart attack) by means of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Particularly, a research by the American Epilepsy Society 22 examined the effects of cannabidiol on epilepsy amongst a gaggle of patients who were immune to the conventional remedy choices for the condition.\nBased on CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics, CBD or cannabidiol was thought of as a promising drug that might help with numerous neurodegenerative issues. Those who used cannabis saw an amazing discount in their symptoms and pain, whereas these using conventional strategies didn’t see much of an improvement.\nWhether or not it’s controlling anxiousness, assuaging depression, lowering muscle weak spot, or many different issues, CBD oil is emerging as a viable possibility for patients who have been unable to take standard medication as a result of dangerous unintended effects or the high cost of the prescriptions. In a 2011 examine, scientists wished to review the consequences of CBD on folks with UNHAPPY.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.myccrf.com/about_us.asp", "date": "2013-12-06T11:53:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163051509/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131731-00096-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9218743443489075, "token_count": 469, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__165581299", "lang": "en", "text": "The Community Cancer Research Foundation is bringing to area patients the latest research advances in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer. Through trials sponsored by the Foundation local patients have been among the first to benefit from treatments that have helped to improve survival, and are less invasive. In its quest to improve cancer care, the Foundation also established the Cancer Resource Centre, providing valuable support resources to patients and their families. Through its many community outreach programs for the public and educational programs for area medical professionals, the Foundation brings awareness to the issues affecting cancer care.\nThe Foundation sponsors research trials at the three hospitals of the Community Healthcare System: Community Hospital in Munster, St. Catherine Hospital in East Chicago and St. Mary Medical Center in Hobart. As part of the Community Healthcare System, the Foundation helps support the area's largest cancer treatment and research programs with its established links to the National Cancer Institute and major research cooperatives around the globe. More than 30 trials are available, offering local patients access to treatments for breast, lung, ovarian and colon cancers, lymphoma, adult leukemia and multiple myeloma.\nMaking Strides in Cancer Care... in Our Community\n- Enrolled area women in the largest national best cancer prevention trial, which established a new treatment option for women at high risk.\n- Participated in the National PET Registry evaluating the use of PET scans for cancer care. The data collected through the registry validated the importance of PET scans and led Medicare to increase its payment coverage for these tests.\n- Enrolled area cancer patients in a study for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, which has since become the standard of care, improving survival.\n- Enrolled area women with Her2 positive breast cancer in studies evaluating medications found to improve survival.\n- Contributed hundreds of tissue and blood specimen samples to help increase knowledge of the makeup of cancer and how different proteins are expressed on cancer cells. This data is being used to develop medications that target cancer more effectively, causing fewer side effects.\n- Enrolled patients in a study evaluating a medication for metastatic lung cancer found to improve disease-free survival.\n- Provide genetic screening for women diagnosed at high risk for breast cancer through the hospitals of the Community Healthcare System.\n- Assisted with Bone Marrow Transplant Registry drive securing nearly 500 new donors.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.grillbabygrill.com/can-you-use-a-meat-thermometer-to-take-your-temperature/", "date": "2024-04-19T11:56:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817398.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419110125-20240419140125-00576.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9288071393966675, "token_count": 1208, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__149100885", "lang": "en", "text": "A meat thermometer is an essential safety tool in the kitchen. Foods such as fish, chicken, beef, or pork, require safe internal temperatures to prevent the spread of foodborne illnesses that linger in undercooked meat. By checking your food’s internal temperature with a meat thermometer, you can ensure the food you serve is safe.\nMeat thermometers are a great tool in the kitchen, but you may have wondered whether they work for human body temperatures. If you fall ill and can’t find your thermometer, it seems logical that a meat thermometer could be used instead. The question is, can you use a meat thermometer to take your temperature?\n1. How Do Meat Thermometers Work?\nImage Courtesy to Christina Xu\nMeat thermometers are built to measure the internal temperature of different meats. Although they can read lower values, they are primarily designed to pick up temperatures between 130°F-200°F.\nDigital and dial meat thermometers\nDigital and dial meat thermometers have a pointed metal rod that is inserted into the center of the meet. This metal rod contracts as the meat heats up, which causes the digital or dial readout to display a temperature reading.\nDigital thermometers display the temperature to one decimal which gives a detailed, accurate reading.\nDial displays are often round and sometimes measure in increments of 5°. This accuracy works for meats but is not as detailed as a digital display reading.\nInfrared meat thermometers\nInfrared thermometers work by measuring the infrared light emitted from an object. A detector called a thermopile senses this infrared radiation then displays the information as a temperature reading.\nInfrared thermometers aren’t recommended for meats because only surface temperature is recorded. To get an accurate internal temperature, you need to cut open the meat and point the thermometer into the center.\n2. How Do Body Thermometers Work?\nBody thermometers are designed and calibrated to measure normal human body temperatures. Although they can pick up on a wide range of temperatures, they are designed to accurately read temperatures between about 60°F-110°F.\nDigital & glass thermometers\nFor many years, digital and glass thermometers have been the common at-home thermometers. Digital thermometers contain what amounts to a small computer that senses changes in temperature and registers the information in degrees. Glass thermometers were filled with mercury or alcohol that expanded and moved up a manually printed scale on the thermometer.\nTemperatures are taken by inserting the curved metal or glass end of the thermometer under the armpit and in the rectum or ear.\nOf these thermometers, digital is by far the most commonly used today. They are usually accurate to within one decimal point and register temperatures quickly.\nInfrared, thermal, and no-contact thermometers\nWith the contact concerns of Covid-19, infrared and thermal thermometers have become more commonplace and are the preferred method of measuring body temperature. These thermometers work the same as general use infrared thermometers; however, they are not the same in terms of accuracy. They are typically pointed at the forehead to register radiant heat.\nMedical-grade infrared thermometers can be specially calibrated to account for changes in human skin which can affect readings. There are also infrared thermometers approved by the FDA, which enforce higher quality standards during the manufacturing process.\n3. Why Meat Thermometers Don’t Work on Humans?\nCan you use a meat thermometer to take your temperature? Unfortunately, not. Although meat thermometers can measure temperatures within human range accurately, they are unsuitable for use on the human body for several reasons, including:\nDifferent temperature ranges\nMeat thermometers are designed to pick up on the safe internal temperatures for meats, while body thermometers are best at registering normal human body temperatures. Meats need to reach between 145°F-165°F for safe consumption. A healthy human body rests at 98.6°F, with a relatively small variation in temperature when fighting an illness. You want to use a thermometer designed to pick up the correct temperature range for your body to get an accurate reading.\nAside from infrared thermometers, meat thermometers are not designed for the human body. Meat thermometers have a pointed metal end meant to pierce the skin on meat and get an internal temp. Body thermometers are curved to protect sensitive body parts. Using a meat thermometer on a human body could be a painful experience.\nCalibration refers to configuring a thermometer to pick up and translate information accurately. To calibrate means to remove anything that might cause inaccuracy in a reading. Meat thermometers are calibrated to read internal meat temperatures accurately. Human thermometers are calibrated to be more sensitive and accurate in picking up body temperatures.\nInaccurate infrared guns\nInfrared thermometers seem like they could be used for human temps, but this is still not a great choice. The calibration and accuracy of general use thermometers to take a human temperature is a factor. While infrared thermometers might give a decent reading, unless designed, calibrated, and approved for human use, the readings can not be as trustworthy as a thermometer intended for the human body.\nFDA approval & medical grade\nIf getting an accurate body reading is important to you, there is no substitute for using an FDA-approved or medical-grade thermometer. Meat thermometers don’t undergo the same process as FDA-approved thermometers. They are not held to the same standards during production or testing.\nThere are also sanitary concerns about using a meat thermometer to take your temperature. Meat thermometers are stuck into meat which can carry bacteria and pathogens. Unless you can be 100% sure you’ve killed any cross-contamination, you may not want to put this near your body, especially your mouth.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thetrentonpost.com/2018/07/07/trenton-dep-discovers-globally-rare-orchid-in-stokes-state-forest/", "date": "2023-05-30T23:43:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646181.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20230530230622-20230531020622-00539.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9254418015480042, "token_count": 887, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__224972383", "lang": "en", "text": "Trenton: DEP DISCOVERS GLOBALLY RARE ORCHID IN STOKES STATE FOREST\nDEP DISCOVERS GLOBALLY RARE ORCHID IN\nSTOKES STATE FOREST\nBiologists with the Department of Environmental Protection’s Office of Natural Lands Management have confirmed a new occurrence of a globally rare orchid, the small whorled pogonia, within Sussex County’s Stokes State Forest.\nConsisting of just a single plant found on stony ground in a forested area of Stokes, this is just the third occurrence of this rare orchid known to exist in the state. The other known occurrences are also in Sussex County.\nThe small whorled pogonia (Isotria medeoloides) is listed as endangered in New Jersey and as threatened by the federal government. It grows up to 10 inches tall and features a whorl of four to five leaves that encircle the stem. The orchid showcases one or a pair of grayish-green flowers that bloom in May and June.\n“While small and inconspicuous, this plant’s presence indicates a healthy and thriving forest ecosystem,” said New Jersey Parks and Forestry Director Olivia Glenn. “I’m thrilled that biologists discovered this elusive orchid in a state park where we can monitor, manage and protect this rare find.”\nHistorically, the small whorled pogonia’s range comprised 21 eastern states and parts of Canada. However, the orchid has never been a common species and typically grows in small populations. It prefers drier upland sites, usually in mixed deciduous forests.\nMartin Rapp, a biologist with the DEP’s Office of Natural Lands Management, found the new population on June 6 while surveying potential sites that could support small whorled pogonia.\nThe small whorled pogonia does not appear above ground every year and may remain dormant underground for years. Because the orchids emerge inconsistently, biologists carefully monitor the known occurrences annually. They revisit sites where the orchid once grew to attempt to confirm its presence.\n“Small whorled pogonia previously occurred in Bergen, Hunterdon, Passaic and Sussex counties, but the orchid has not appeared on many of these sites in decades,” said Bob Cartica,\nAdministrator of the Office of Natural Lands Management. “That’s one of the mysteries of this orchid – suitable habitat exists throughout its range, but populations of small whorled pogonia are rare.”\nResearch indicates that small whorled pogonia, like many other orchids, depend on soil organisms to thrive, especially fungi. In the case of this species, fungi not only provide nutrients for the orchid but they also help break the dormancy cycle prompting the orchid to emerge from the soil.\nIn addition to the surveys for previously known populations, biologists will survey Stokes and other state properties for new populations of small whorled pogonia. Because the orchid is listed as a federally threatened species, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provides matching funding to conduct the surveys.\nThe U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service identifies human impact, including collection and habitat destruction, as the primary threat to small whorled pogonia and other orchid populations. The most effective strategy in ensuring the continued existence of small whorled pogonia is to maintain the integrity of the forest that supports it.\nThe Office of Natural Lands Management includes the Natural Heritage Program, the Natural Areas Program and the New Jersey Natural Lands Trust. The office works to identify and track endangered and rare plant populations as well as rare and unique ecological communities. The office also manages public open space acquired by the Natural Lands Trust and designated State Natural Areas.\nLocated in the extreme northwestern corner of the state, the nearly 16,500-acre Stokes State Forest encompasses a portion of Kittatinny Mountain and straddles the Appalachian Trail, north of the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area.\nWant to get noticed ?\nAdvertise with the Trenton post call 609-310-6397", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.sfsucculent.org/", "date": "2015-10-06T22:26:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-40/segments/1443736679281.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20151001215759-00008-ip-10-137-6-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9512632489204407, "token_count": 460, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-40__0__26048457", "lang": "en", "text": "Oaxaca, There and Back\nBy Jeremy Spath\nTuesday, September 15, 7:00 pm\nLocation: Auditorium in the San Francisco County Fair Building, 9th Ave and Lincoln Way, San Francisco MAP\nJeremy Spath's talk will cover plants and habitats visited on road trips taken from his home in Leucadia, Ca. to Oaxaca in southern Mexico, and back. Oaxaca is the highest center for plant diversity in Mexico, and this talk will focus on its succulents, but also include other favorite plants, such as cycads, terrestrial bromeliads, and the occasional pachycaul tree.\nJeremy began his plant career nearly ten years ago at the San Diego Botanic Gardens in Encinitas, Ca. While at the gardens he was exposed to many different plant groups but was most attracted to succulents, cycads, bromeliads, palms and bamboos. Working with the plants at the garden, he felt an urge to travel into the field to study the plants he loved to grow, and he has been hooked since the first trip. To him, seeing plants in the wild felt like meeting old friends for the first time.\nJeremy left the botanic gardens to launch his landscape design company, Water's Path Landscape Design. Additionally, Jeremy works part time for Rancho Soledad Nursery in Rancho Santa Fe, Ca. overseeing seed propagation and succulent hybridization.\nJeremy spends most of his days working with plants, but is happiest in the field, since to him, nature is truly the best landscaper.\nThe featured growers for the September meeting will be Andy Siekkinen and Marilyn Mangle.\nWhat to bring:\nFor the Show & Tell table, we will feature terrestrial bromeliads on the succulent side (Hechtia, Dyckia, Puya, Deuterocohnia, etc.), Cleistocactus and Borzicactus on the cactus side, and anything else looking good that you would like to share.\nPlease bring baked goodies, fruit, snack food or a beverage if your last name begins with the letters I to M, and any other members who would like to contribute this month.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tipstago.com/2020/08/26/%F0%9D%90%83%F0%9D%90%A2%F0%9D%90%9F%F0%9D%90%9F%F0%9D%90%9E%F0%9D%90%AB%F0%9D%90%9E%F0%9D%90%A7%F0%9D%90%9C%F0%9D%90%9E-b%F0%9D%90%9E%F0%9D%90%AD%F0%9D%90%B0%F0%9D%90%9E%F0%9D%90%9E%F0%9D%90%A7-t/", "date": "2020-11-30T07:59:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141211510.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20201130065516-20201130095516-00373.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9605117440223694, "token_count": 1003, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__162545122", "lang": "en", "text": "When I first started sourcing and retailing Snails, I was always having quarrels and dissatisfaction from my customers especially from those in South-West Nigeria prominently those in Lagos.\nI was always accused of giving them something different from what they ordered for. And back then I’ll feel bad and on many occasions I felt like quitting.\nWhat’s the reason for their Complaints you might want to ask? I’ll tell you.\nBeing a proper South-South boy, I’ve traveled all the Southern states except Edo (I’ve only traveled through the state not to the state).\nI’ve seen all the Snails from there in fact I’ve bought Snails from Farmers in all the states and even that of Southeast, but little did I know that the sizes of Snails we describe as large or Jumbo here is a child’s play when you compare to what they’ve and are used to in the west (Edo inclusive).\nThe Species we have in the south especially this picked f I’m the wild are not as big as what’s obtainable in the west so back then when clients order for Jumbo I’ll get those big Snails and send to them not knowing that what I know as Jumbo is different from theirs and I’ll be accused of cheating them not knowing that I was merely operating from the Realm of ignorance. But like they say, ignorance is not an excuse before the law and in this case before my customers. So at the end I lost valuable customer😭😭 .\nInstead of seating back to cry or be depressed, went out to seek knowledge and ways to solve this problem…yes that’s why I’m an Enterprenuer, I solve my problem(s) and sell the solutions.\nI have visited farms, traveled to Benin and lived in Ibadan for 4months now and done research. I can boldly tell the difference between the two sub-Species of the most market viable Snails Species… Archachatina marginata (AM)\nThe Archachatina marginata (AM) is sub divided into;\n1. Archachatina marginata var Ovum (AMO) also called Western Species or (Benin Snails by many)\n2. Archachatina marginata var suturalis (Southern Specie)\n(1) Achatina Marginata Var Ovum (Giant African Land Snail Or Big Black Snail). This is the largest species of land snails.\nThey are commonly found within the western part of Nigeria (Edo, Ondo, Oyo, Ogun, Lagos State). This snails grow faster and bigger but lays less amount of eggs (20-40) eggs a year and this eggs are laid in clutches of between 4-14 eggs at a time. The eggs are yellow in color with dark blotches and an incubation period of about 40 days.\nThey lay 4-5 times a year). This species of snails are very fragile and record high mortality in the southern part of Nigeria but has better survival rate when raised in the western part of Nigeria.\nBecause of their large Sizes, which can weight between 100g-800g (average is 350g-450g for the Jumbo). They’re the most preferred Snails Species amongst buyers and Snails lovers, but scarce and arguably expensive hence only few can afford it.\n(2) Achatina Marginata Var Suturalis (also known as Gaint African Land Snail Is Found In The Warm Water Forest Of The Niger Delta). They lay between 40-60 eggs a year and also lay 4-5 times a year.\nThey are commonly raised in the southern part of Nigeria but also have a good track record in other parts of Nigeria.\nFrom my years of farming and interactions, they have proved to be the best species for production. Their eggs hatch faster and also have a higher percentage of hatching.\nThey grow large but not as big as their Var Ovum counterpart and command market value as well.\nThe above described species are the two most common species of snails farmed in Nigeria and they command good market value/price.\nThey’re most recommended for those intending to farm snails at commercial quantity.\nCurrently Nigeria as a country doesn’t yet produce enough snails to feed it’s ever growing population, hence the snails market is still very much untapped, also the international market is available for the taking too. So the best time start or Invest in Snails Farming was yesterday, the next is now.\nSo now you know, the next time you want to get jumbo snails, be sure of which species to avoid quarrels.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://shinestudioclients.com/types-and-drug-list/", "date": "2020-06-02T07:56:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347423915.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20200602064854-20200602094854-00354.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8759349584579468, "token_count": 288, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__7631620", "lang": "en", "text": "Corticosteroids have a long history of use in the United States. Most are now available in generic forms, including:\nCorticosteroids can come in the form of:\n- eye drops\n- lotions, creams, ointments, or gels\n- nasal or mouth sprays\nA doctor will prescribe different forms of corticosteroids, depending on the problem. For example, they may prescribe a cream, lotion, ointment, or gel to treat skin conditions.\nLong-term use of corticosteroids can have side effects that include:\n- weight gain\n- mood disorders, including depression\n- high blood pressure\n- liver damage\nLong-term corticosteroid use can cause the adrenal glands to stop producing the hormone cortisol. After stopping corticosteroid use, it may take some time for the body to start making cortisol at a normal rate.\nShort-term use of corticosteroids is safer, but there are still risks. For example, these drugs can cause changes in sleep, mood, and appetite.\nThere are also signs that short-term use can have more serious side effects. A 2017 study involving 327,452 adults who received a prescription for corticosteroids found that within 30 days of using them, there was an increase in the risk of sepsis, blood clots, and bone fractures.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.drmod.ie/news.html", "date": "2017-04-30T03:10:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917124297.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031204-00564-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9354865550994873, "token_count": 1012, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__245292717", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr Mark O'Donnell B.D.S\nMonday - Thursday\nTuesday and Friday mornings\nNews - April 2017\nNew study identifies successful method to reduce dental implant failure\nThe American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID) estimates that the value of the American and European market for dental implants will rise to $4.2bn by 2022.\nDental implants are a successful form of treatment for patients, yet according to a study published in 2005, 5-10% fail. When failure occurs, the implant must be removed.\nThe reasons for failure are several: mechanical problems; poor connection to the bones in which they are implanted; infection; or, rejection. The main reason for dental implant failure is peri-implantitis. This is the destructive inflammatory process affecting the soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants. This occurs when pathogenic microbes in the mouth and oral cavity develop into biofilms, which protects them and encourages growth. Peri-implantitis is caused when the biofilms develop on dental implants.\nA research team from the University of Plymouth developed and evaluated the effectiveness of a new nano-coating for dental implants to reduce the risk of peri-implantitis. The results of their work are published in the journal Nanotoxicology.\nIn the study, the research team created a new approach using a combination of silver, titanium oxide and hydroxyapatite nano-coatings. The application of the combination to the surface of titanium alloy implants successfully inhibited bacterial growth and reduced the formation of bacterial biofilm on the surface of the implants by 97.5%.\nNot only did the combination result in the effective eradication of infection, it created a surface with anti-biofilm properties which supported successful integration into surrounding bone and accelerated bone healing.\nOral health key to understanding humanity's past, study says\nA research team from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) and the University of Arkansas in the US has released a study that challenges conventional wisdom about human health and the evolution of nutrition in the Stone Age.\nThe findings, published in PLoS One, looked at the oral health of the Hadza tribe in Tanzania – some of the last known hunter-gatherers – as their lifestyle changes from foraging for wild food to an agricultural-based diet.\nAnthropologists have long held that Neolithic humans transitioning thousands of years ago from hunting and gathering to farm-based diets often suffered from tooth decay and gum disease. This contributed to suggestions that humans are better off with a wild-food based diet.\nHowever, research by professors Alyssa Crittenden and Peter Ungar, and dentist John Sorrentino suggests that may not be the case. Crittenden said: \"Our results show that a person's sex and where they live really influences how healthy their teeth are”.\nBy studying the Hadza tribe, the research team showed oral health was greatly influenced by gender, residence, and behaviour. Men living in the bush suffered greatly from tooth decay and other oral health issues, likely because they use their teeth as tools to make hunting instruments and smoke more tobacco. However, Hadza men living in the village who have transitioned to an agricultural diet have healthier teeth and gums. Women living on wild-food diets in the bush had the best oral health and women living on agricultural diets in villages had the worst teeth.\nRoot canal treatments overhauled through new device to detect untreated bacteria\nA new method of detecting bacteria during root canal treatments could reduce the need for follow up appointments and prevent treatments from failing, according to a study published in the Journal of Dental Research. A team of researchers from King’s College London, who developed a device called SafeRoot state that it enables rapid bacterial detection inside the root canal, ensures the procedure has been successful and reduces the need for tooth extraction or surgery.\nRoot canal treatments remove bacterial infections from the root canal space, while retaining as much of the natural tooth as possible. Most procedures require one or two visits to the dentist.\nThe first appointment is used to remove infected material in the tooth, and to administer an antibacterial treatment. During the second appointment, dentists visually assess the canal to check if the infection has been removed, but this process cannot guarantee that treatment has been successful. Each visit involves drilling and the removal of part of the tooth.\nThe team say their device was created to detect any existing bacteria once the root canal treatment has been completed. Using conventional sterile endodontic paper points which are routinely used in root canal treatments, the process is performed during the treatment, preventing any impact on clinical treatment time and minimising additional clinical steps.\n\"The resilient nature of bacteria, combined with often complex root canal structures, make disinfection challenging, leading to a considerable number of persistent infections\", explained Professor Francesco Mannocci, Professor of Endodontics from the Dental Institute at King's College London.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kg-legal.eu/info/kg-legal-news/elections-for-the-life-science-cluster-program-council-based-in-krakow/", "date": "2024-03-04T01:20:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476409.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304002142-20240304032142-00671.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8981033563613892, "token_count": 317, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__203165088", "lang": "en", "text": "Partners of KIELTYKA GLADKOWSKI, Małgorzata Kiełtyka and Jakub Gładkowski, took part in the elections to Life Science Cluster Program Council, as its members.\nKrakow Life Science Cluster was established in 2006 as a cooperation network of institutions and companies from the southern Poland macroregion, which combined common goals and a vision for the development of an innovation ecosystem in the field of biotechnology and life science. The main goals of the Life Science Cluster are as follows:\nActivity within the LifeScience Krakow Cluster includes two interdependent value chains, derived from the field of biotechnology and life sciences:\nThe coordinator of the project is Life Science Cluster Foundation, established in 2013 as an independent entity dedicated to the development of the Cluster. The Foundation’s activities focus on goals defined from the perspective of (a) Bio-Region and (b) Cluster Partners. The Foundation is a tool enabling the Cluster Partners to increase the effectiveness of operations, and local authorities to effectively implement the sectoral policy of knowledge-based economy development.\nThe Program Council is an advisory body aimed at setting out and giving opinions on the specific directions of activity of Life Science Cluster Foundation.\nThe main tasks of the program council are:\nActive participation in the Life Science Cluster provides opportunities for KIELTYKA GLADKOWSKI to master its specialisation within life sciences, biotech, digital health and pharma law and thus provide specialised assistance to clients, particularly in cross border cases.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://scituateanimalhospital.vetstreet.com/canine-influenza", "date": "2019-10-21T02:18:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570987751039.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20191021020335-20191021043835-00336.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9403260350227356, "token_count": 290, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__116876828", "lang": "en", "text": "Facts regarding canine influenza virus (CIV)\nCIV is a relatively new virus (first discovered in 2005)\nIt has been recently confirmed in one dog from a doggie daycare in Providence\nBecause it is a new virus, nearly 100% of dogs who are exposed are susceptible to infection.\nCIV is easily transmitted via:\naerosols, droplets and direct contact with respiratory secretions\ndirect contact with contaminated objects (dishes, toys)\npeople moving between infected and uninfected dogs – people in kennels, day care facilities can potentially carry it home to their own pets!\nMost dogs will contract the disease from close contact of infected dogs.Mainly from kennels, grooming, dog parks, and daycare.\nApproximately 80% of dogs will show mild signs, similar to kennel cough. A small percentage will develop more severe illness.\nclear nasal discharge that progresses to thick yellowish-green mucus\nloss of appetite\nTreatment starts with a visit to your veterinarian. She can then diagnose the disease and treat with appropriate medication and supportive care.\nVaccinations for CIV are available. Initially, it is a series of 2 injections, 2 to 4 weeks apart. Boosters then are given yearly.\nWe currently recommend that all dogs going to day care, kennels, and those who are frequently groomed receive the CIV vaccine.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.innoscienz.com/product/inno-prostate-tea/", "date": "2024-02-28T00:05:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474688.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227220707-20240228010707-00872.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.899090051651001, "token_count": 375, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__51125443", "lang": "en", "text": "Inno-Prostate Tea is specially formulated from 100% organic medicinal plants to help protect the prostate gland and the male reproductive system. It is rich in antioxidants and other natural products that maintain the male reproductive system in a healthy state and prevent prostate inflammation.\nInno-Prostate Tea may:\n- Help prevent prostate enlargement\n- Shrink enlarged prostate\n- Provide relief from prostate inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)\n- Help maintain normal prostate, bladder, and kidney functions\n- Improve urinary problems associated with an enlarged prostate and inflammation.\n- Help cleanse, nourish, and strengthen the male reproductive system\n- Help restore sexual function, healthy stamina, and libido\nIngredients: Prunus Africana, Serenoa repens, Urtica dioica, and proprietary plant extracts.\nQuantity: 15 tea bags\nDirections: Steep one tea bag in boiled water for 10-20 minutes. For best results, drink two times daily.\nDisclaimer: The Food and Drug Administration has not evaluated these statements. Individual results may vary. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Use only as directed. Advice on the treatment or care of an individual patient should be obtained through consultation with a trained healthcare practitioner.\n**Results may vary from person to person as various external and internal factors may influence each person’s experience while using this product. Some people may see immediate results, while others have achieved excellent results within 4-6 weeks. We suggest you continue using the product for at least 30 to 50 days to assess the benefits of taking this tea supplement. Allow it to build up within your system and thus becomes effective. Even after feeling better, you may find it beneficial to continuously take a smaller dose for ongoing maintenance and good prostate health.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.cchs.org/blog/h1n1-hits-with-a-vengeance/", "date": "2014-10-20T12:59:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-42/segments/1413507442900.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20141017005722-00309-ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9518291354179382, "token_count": 1561, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-42", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-42__0__186457201", "lang": "en", "text": "Our entire country is experiencing sickness due to an elevated risk of seasonal flu and the 2009 H1N1 virus. Serving as both a hospital and a school for children, we are paying special attention and keeping abreast of H1N1 along with the rest of the world. To help you and your family with resources you can put to use, we’ve attached a few websites with hyperlinks that come from federal as well as local resources. Please add any additional resources you’ve found in our comments section.\nWorld Health Organization\nSouth Dakota Department of Health\nMinnesota Department of Health\nIowa Department of Health\nSioux Falls Flu Information\nKeeping Your Family Safe\nBefore travelling, be sure to check out this map: National Map of H1N1 Occurences\nHere is a story KELO-TV of Sioux Falls recently did on our preparations for flu seasons:\nThe spread of 2009 H1N1 virus is thought to occur in the same way that seasonal flu spreads. Flu viruses are spread mainly from person to person through coughing or sneezing by people with influenza. Sometimes people may become infected by touching something – such as a surface or object – with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose.\nSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS\nFever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue are all signs of H1N1. Some people may have vomiting and diarrhea. People may be infected with the flu, including 2009 H1N1 and have respiratory symptoms without a fever. Severe illnesses and death has occurred as a result of illness associated with this virus. While most people who have been sick have recovered without needing medical treatment, hospitalizations and deaths from infection with this virus have occurred.\nCDC laboratory studies have shown that no children and very few adults younger than 60 years old have existing antibody to 2009 H1N1 flu virus. The information analyzed by CDC supports the conclusion that 2009 H1N1 flu has caused greater disease burden in people younger than 25 years of age than older people. Those infected with seasonal and 2009 H1N1 flu may be able to infect others from 1 day before getting sick to 5 to 7 days after. This can be longer in some people, especially children and people with weakened immune systems and in people infected with the new H1N1 virus.\nTake these everyday steps to protect your health:\n- Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.\n- Wash your hands often with soap and water. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand rub.\n- Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread this way.\n- Try to avoid close contact with sick people.\nIf you are sick with flu-like illness, CDC recommends that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities. (Your fever should be gone without the use of a fever-reducing medicine.) Keep away from others as much as possible to keep from making others sick.\nFollow public health advice regarding school closures, avoiding crowds and other social distancing measures. Be prepared in case you get sick and need to stay home for a week or so; a supply of over-the-counter medicines, alcohol-based hand rubs (for when soap and water are not available), tissues and other related items could help you to avoid the need to make trips out in public while you are sick and contagious.\nEmployees who are well but who have an ill family member at home with 2009 H1N1 flu can go to work as usual. These employees should monitor their health every day, and take everyday precautions including washing their hands often with soap and water, especially after they cough or sneeze. If soap and water are not available, they should use an alcohol-based hand rub. If they become ill, they should notify their supervisor and stay home. Employees who have an underlying medical condition or who are pregnant should call their health care provider for advice, because they might need to receive influenza antiviral drugs to prevent illness. Washing your hands often will help protect you from germs. CDC recommends that when you wash your hands — with soap and warm water — that you wash for 15 to 20 seconds. When soap and water are not available, alcohol-based disposable hand wipes or gel sanitizers may be used. You can find them in most supermarkets and drugstores. If using gel, rub your hands until the gel is dry. The gel doesn’t need water to work; the alcohol in it kills the germs on your hands.\nIf you or your child should get sick, CDC recommends that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities. (Your fever should be gone without the use of a fever-reducing medicine.) Stay away from others as much as possible to keep from making others sick. Staying at home means that you should not leave your home except to seek medical care. This means avoiding normal activities, including work, school, travel, shopping, social events, and public gatherings. If you have severe illness or you are at high risk for flu complications, contact your health care provider or seek medical care. Your health care provider will determine whether flu testing or treatment is needed.\nIf you become ill and experience any of the following warning signs, seek emergency medical care. In children, emergency warning signs that need urgent medical attention include:\n- Fast breathing or trouble breathing\n- Bluish or gray skin color\n- Not drinking enough fluids\n- Severe or persistent vomiting\n- Not waking up or not interacting\n- Being so irritable that the child does not want to be held\n- Flu-like symptoms improve but then return with fever and worse cough\nGerms can be spread when a person touches something that is contaminated with germs and then touches his or her eyes, nose, or mouth. Droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person move through the air. Germs can be spread when a person touches respiratory droplets from another person on a surface like a desk, for example, and then touches their own eyes, mouth or nose before washing their hands. To prevent the spread of influenza virus, it is recommended that tissues and other disposable items used by an infected person be thrown in the trash. Additionally, persons should wash their hands with soap and water after touching used tissues and similar waste.\nTo prevent the spread of influenza virus it is important to keep surfaces (especially bedside tables, surfaces in the bathroom, kitchen counters and toys for children) clean by wiping them down with a household disinfectant according to directions on the product label. Linens, eating utensils, and dishes belonging to those who are sick do not need to be cleaned separately, but importantly these items should not be shared without washing thoroughly first. Linens (such as bed sheets and towels) should be washed by using household laundry soap and tumbled dry on a hot setting. Individuals should avoid “hugging” laundry prior to washing it to prevent contaminating themselves. Individuals should wash their hands with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub immediately after handling dirty laundry.\nEating utensils should be washed either in a dishwasher or by hand with water and soap.\nFor more information about H1N1, visit http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://thealaskamystique.com/wild-and-edible-plants-iii-alaskan-treasures/", "date": "2024-02-29T12:50:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474808.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229103115-20240229133115-00852.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.942198634147644, "token_count": 2508, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__206351664", "lang": "en", "text": "TRANSCRIPT OF TEXT OF VIDEO\nWILD AND EDIBLE PLANTS III: ALASKAN TREASURES\nHello and welcome. This is my third video on wild plants in Alaska. This one is about medicinal plants. I must admit, I had a hard time selecting from the many plants I could discuss.\nI’ve selected four. However, if you have questions about any other Alaskan plants, please ask in the comments, and I will answer if I can.\nQuote: “To plant a garden is to believe in tomorrow.”\nA group of us in my online company, Wealthy Affiliate, has been reading Napoleon Hill’s “Think and Grow Rich.” In the book, Mr. Hill emphasizes the importance of a mastermind group.\nIt is made up of people who are supportive of your cause and who can contribute their own information and interpretations to the whole.\nOur Plants Class is a good example of such a group. We gathered for a common cause, we pooled our knowledge, and we celebrated in learning new information.\nThis mutual joining together resulted eventually in the publishing of a plant book containing our findings.\nQuote: “Herbalism is based on relationship – relationship between plant and human, plant and planet, human and planet.”\n“Using herbs in the healing process means taking part in an ecological cycle.” (Wendell Berry)\nThe first plant on my list is devil’s club. (Latin: Echinopanax horridum or Oplopanax horridus) This plant is the only Alaskan member of the ginseng family. It inhabits the woods.\nDevil’s club is a very prickly shrub with long stems, heavy with sharp spines. The stems can be sprawling or erect – I’ve seen some a good nine feet tall. The odor of the plant is sweet and very pleasant.\nIts very large leaves are shaped somewhat like maple leaves with seven to nine sharply pointed lobes. The underside of the leaves is covered with fine spines.\nFlowers are small and whitish; later they form into bright red, flattened, and shiny berries, gathered together in a pyramidal spike.\n“Panax” is the part of the name linked to ginseng. Panax comes from the Greek word for “panacea,” or cure-all. Devil’s club has antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and antimycobacterial properties.\nGinseng is best known as an energy booster. Traditional Alaskan Native uses of devil’s club indicates it follows the same role. Isn’t it interesting that Alaskan Natives use the plant for the same purposes as traditional Oriental users?\nVarious parts of the plant were used for different purposes. Many Alaskan Natives believe devil’s club to be a source of healing and spiritual powers. Here are some of the ways it was used:\nStems and branches were cut into pieces and boiled into tea to treat fever. Haida Indians rubbed berries on their heads as treatment for lice and dandruff, and to make their hair gleam.\nThe white pulp of the inner stem could be chewed as a laxative. It was also used both internally and externally for a treatment for staph infections, or as a remedy for venereal disease.\nThe root, baked until dry and the pulp broken up in the hands, could provide relief for swollen glands, boils, sores, and other infections. Leave on for three or four hours only, as it can burn.\nTea from the inner bark of the root was also used for tuberculosis, coughs, colds, stomach troubles, and fever. Take in small doses or it acts as a stimulant.\nA tincture from the inner, cambium layer of the stem – lime green in color – can be used to regulate blood sugar levels. The plant has other uses as well.\nQuote: “True medicine comes from the earth, not from a lab.”\nQuote: “Nature itself is the best physician.” (Hippocrates)\nNow let’s collect some yarrow (Achillea borealis). We’ll take every part of the plant that’s growing above ground. This hardy perennial can be found growing in almost any kind of soil.\nIts alternate, very feathery, slightly hairy leaves led to the common name of milfoil, or thousand-leaves.\nYarrow has been used as a medicinal since the Trojan Wars. Its Latin name, Achillea, comes from the Greek hero, Achilles. Yarrow was used by his soldiers to help stop wounds from bleeding.\nIt’s very effective. If you cut yourself and can find any yarrow growing nearby, just wrap some of the leaves around the wound. You will be surprised at how fast the bleeding stops.\nThere is also the legend that Achilles’ mother dipped him in a yarrow bath when he was a baby as a way to protect him from injury. When she dipped the baby, she held onto one heel. Achilles later died of a wound to his heel.\nQuote: “Mother Earth’s medicine chest is full of healing herbs of incomparable worth.” (Robin Rose Bennet)\nYarrow can be used as a tea remedy for severe colds, or, if you make a tea and add a bit of Tabasco sauce, go to bed and cover up, it will break a fever. One of our class members found the tea to be a great remedy for a hangover.\nIt’s used to soothe menstrual cramps, unstuff sinuses, increase appetite, relieve stomach cramps and gas, among other uses.\nWe gathered yarrow every summer. I dried mine on the same hanging window frame in my living room that I used to dry other herbs, such as my rose petals.\nWhen the yarrow was dry, I’d strip the flowers and feathery leaves from their stems and store the dried plant in a large, square, clear plastic container.\nWhen I opened the jar to extract some of the herb, my fingers met with a soft, fluffy mass that was a delight to touch. The texture of the plant made its use even sweeter.\nQuote: “Lose yourself in nature and find peace.” (Ralph Waldo Emerson)\nOur third plant is fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium). In Britain it’s called the great willow herb.\nThis plant is another perennial with a long, single stem from 1 ½ to 8 feet tall. Leaves are alternate, long and narrow, smooth on top and paler green underneath, and grow all along the stem.\nThe large, showy flowers grow in spikes at the end of the stem.\nFireweed is both an edible and a medicinal and is useful from the time it first appears and even after its dried stalks fall to the ground.\nWhen it first emerges from the ground, it’s a red shoot. Gather a cup or two and chop into bite-sized pieces. Marinate in vinegar and oil, adding a clove of chopped garlic, minced onion, and a few mint leaves. Chill and serve.\nYou can gather very young shoots and boil, or the plants when still very young and up to 6 inches tall. Add to salad or, when very small, cook in boiling, salted water. Use leaves, green or dried, to make tea.\nA stem from a grown plant, cut in half lengthwise, can be placed on an infection to keep the wound from healing too quickly and to draw out infection.\nOnce the stalks have fallen, they can be split into narrow strands and woven into a strong twine. At one time this twine was used to make fishnets.\nQuote: “A weed is a plant whose virtue is not yet known.” (Ralph Waldo Emerson)\nFireweed honey is a treat. Here’s a recipe:\n10 cups sugar\n2 ½ cups water\n1 tsp alum\n18 pink clover blossoms\n30 white clover blossoms\n18 fireweed blossoms\nPut sugar and water in pan. Add alum; stir over high heat. Bring to a rolling boil and boil six minutes. Remove from heat and add blossoms, stirring in well. Strain; pour into hot sterilized jars; seal.\nWe Alaskans say that when the fireweed is in full bloom, summer is almost over. Early or late winter can be predicted according to the fireweed blooming cycle.\nQuote: “The plants have enough spirit to transform our limited understanding.” (Rosemary Gladstar)\nOur last plant is a tree, the cottonwood, or balsam popular. The cottonwood (Populus balsamifera) is a member of the willow family.\nAs it is so often true of us, young and old species of cottonwood can look very different and are sometimes mistaken for distinct species. When young, the tree can be 40-50 feet tall, with a symmetrical shape.\nWith age, the tree’s limbs become very thick, irregular, and crooked, and start to point downward.\nBark of the young trees is smooth and green. Furrows increase with age. Bark of the mature trees has dark grey ridges and deep furrows.\nIn winter or early spring, brown, very resinous and fragrant buds form on the end of branches. With the advance of spring, male and female catkins grow on separate trees.\nIn summer the seed capsules split and a cottony mass bursts out, thus giving the tree its name of cottonwood.\nNotice that the cottonwood is in the willow family. Cottonwood, like its willow cousin, contains the natural aspirin glycosides salicin and populin, used to reduce pain and inflammation.\nQuote: “If plants can provide food for our survival, they surely can provide medicines to cure our diseases.\nLet’s go herbal.” (Thorangini)\nGather the cottonwood buds when they are fully formed and before they open, to make Balm of Gilead. This recipe is from Janice Schofield’s book, “Discovering Wild Plants.\nJanice says the salve can be used for piles, burns, cuts, diaper rash, and assorted skin irritations. Here’s the recipe:\nBalm of Gilead\n1 cup balsam poplar (cottonwood) buds\n1 ½ cups lard (Oil and beeswax may be substituted for the lard)\n1 dropper liquid vitamin E\nBoil buds and lard in top of double boiler. Heat (covered) over boiling water for two hours, then strain and squeeze through a muslin cloth. Return strained oil to pan; add vitamin E; stir well. Pour into containers, cool, and cap.\nQuote: “A man doesn’t plant a tree for himself. He plants it for posterity.” (Alexander Smith)\nDo you like the idea of a mastermind group? Would you find it helpful to be part of a business where the members form a huge mastermind, willing to share what they know and able to help you find your way forward in your business?\nI belong to such a group. I love the concept of affiliate marketing and I love this organization, where a huge group of people are all developing their own business, but helping each other to go around obstacles or solve problems.\nYou make so many new friends, as you learn together and build the structure of your business. Please visit my website, https://build2winaffiliates.com, to learn all the details. We’d love to welcome you to our wonderful team.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://beautyvedam.com/warts/", "date": "2024-04-22T07:01:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818081.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422051258-20240422081258-00611.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9277060627937317, "token_count": 481, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__8293327", "lang": "en", "text": "Causes of Warts\n- You have broken skin\n- You have a hangnail\n- You have a closely bitten nail\nSymptoms of warts\nCommon warts: They are rough, dome shaped, grey brown colored growths and usually develop on the hands.\nPlantar warts: Develop on the foot, they make walking painful.\nFlat warts:They usually occur on the arms, face or legs. Flat warts are small and multiple warts are present in any one area. Their tops are flat and their color ranges from pink to light yellow to light brown.\nFiliform warts:They are a type of flat wart, which is present around the nose, mouth or beard area. There are many finger shaped and flesh colored growths present on the surface of these warts.\nPeriungal warts:These warts are present beneath and around the fingernails and toenails. They look like irregular, rough bumps.\nDiagnosis of warts\nTreatment of warts\nTreatment is not required for all warts. Some of them go away on their own within several months or years. A wart requires treatment in case it is causing pain and embarrassment due to its location, gets irritated easily or spreading to other areas of your body.\nThe aim of treatment is to remove the wart without scarring. The treatment depends on the type, location and symptoms of a wart.\nYou can apply Salicylic acid or duct tape to your warts to treat them. If the wart does not go away within 2 weeks, seek the opinion of a physician. Your doctor may recommend the following to treat warts:\n- Medicines including cantharidin, retinoid cream and imiquimod\n- Surgical procedures including laser surgery and electrosurgery and curettage\n- Chemical peeling using tretinoin or glycolic acid.\nHow to prevent warts ?\nVarious tips to avoid getting in touch of the HPV virus include:\n- Avoid touching of warts\n- Avoid sharing of towels, razors, socks or shoes\n- Avoid walking barefoot on surfaces that are warm and moist\n- Avoid keeping your feet wet\n- Avoid injury to the soles of your feet", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://af.bygonebuyz.com/product-page/a-field-guide-to-the-frogs-of-borneo-by-robert-f-inger-digital-ebook", "date": "2023-09-24T09:27:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506632.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20230924091344-20230924121344-00808.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9120966792106628, "token_count": 170, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__245191623", "lang": "en", "text": "A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo by Robert F Inger\nNatural History Publications (Borneo); 2nd Revised ed\nIn this revised guide for the non specialist there are details of over 100 types of frogs found on the island of Borneo. Each species is illustrated by a photograph, description and a summary of its natural history. Inger is one of the world's leading herpetologists with over forty species named in his honour internationally.\nA Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo by Robert F Inger [PDF eBook]\nA link to download this Digital product will be available instantly in the Thank You page of the checkout and in a follow-up invoice email. All media can be stored and accessed for personal use on multiple devices without viewing restrictions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://firstumctorrance.org/lenten-devotional-week-5/", "date": "2018-02-24T07:42:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891815500.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20180224073111-20180224093111-00577.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9566279053688049, "token_count": 742, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__194615339", "lang": "en", "text": "Revelation 21:5 And He who sits on the throne said, “Behold, I am making all things new. And He said, “Write, for these words are faithful and true.”\nSeveral years ago, I joined a group of United Methodists that took a biking tour of Yellowstone National Park, I didn’t know about this story at the time.\nIn 1994, wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Over the last 70 years, the region had started to become bare and stark. The deer had grazed the vegetation to the point of destruction and devastation.\nWhat happened after that is called “trophic cascade”, which according to the Encyclopedia Brittanica is an “ecological phenomenon triggered by the addition or removal of top predators and involving reciprocal changes in the relative populations of predator and prey through a food chain, which often results in dramatic changes in ecosystem structure and nutrient cycling.”\nThough very few in number, the wolves started to kill the deer. Slowly, the surviving deer began to change their behavior. They began to avoid valleys and gorges. As the deer population receded, the trees quintupled in size in six years—aspen, willow, cottonwood flourished. Then birds nested in the trees and beavers increased with the growing supply of trees. Subsequently the beavers built more dams, which provided habitat for otters, muskrats, ducks, fish, reptiles and amphibians.\nWolves then killed coyotes which meant rabbits and mice multiplied, which attracted more hawks, weasels, foxes, ravens, and bald eagles.\nAs trees flourished, so did the berries, which attracted the bears. The bears then killed young deer, which again kept that population down.\nWhat was even more profound and startling was that wolves ended up impacting the behavior of rivers. Because there was more foliage and roots taking hold, there was less erosion. Regenerating forests stabilized the banks so that rivers became more fixed in their flows with less meandering. Channels narrowed and pools formed. The conclusion: wolves transformed a whole ecosystem and altered the physical geography of Yellowstone National Park.\nThis story encourages us to care about the environment and ecosystem.\nWe see many environments languishing, diminishing, if not dying. What would it take to make such a profound turnaround for people’s spiritual lives. For their entire spiritual landscape and geography and community to experience wholesale change, so that everything becomes flourishing. By faith, God’s grace, and strategic action all things can become new.\n(Story can be found on the website flixxy.com, by Sustainable Man)\nAlmighty God, Creator, Sustainer, and Redeemer, what are those enemies and predators that cause us to spiritually languish, to diminish, and to slowly die. We pray that you would remove these forces from our lives and stem the tide of decline. Shore up our footings, reverse the crumbling and tumblings, and set a new kingdom in motion. We call upon you to stop the negative slide of erosion. As we take time for renewal, may we experience new growth, which regenerates new activity and energy, which creates a whole new community and a whole new way of life. Revitalize our dry landscape that we can once again become dynamic and vibrant; that we may become whole new persons and welcome a whole habitation of fresh life. Amen\n—Pastor Bob L. Isip\nRead the devotional one week at a time, published each Sunday, or download the entire booklet below.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.clubin.it/en/territory.html", "date": "2020-01-24T20:01:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250625097.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20200124191133-20200124220133-00125.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9247111082077026, "token_count": 319, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__86956036", "lang": "en", "text": "To understand what makes the Gargano one of the areas of Europe with the highest level of biodiversity, it is necessary to go back in time. About 160 million years ago the Gargano was an island, separated from Italy's boot. Only later, due to numerous and various geological and environmental phenomena, the promontory joined the mainland, forming the unmistakable \"spur\".\nThe island origin, however, has marked the natural evolution of this territory manifesting itself in an environment characterized by different habitats. The Foresta Umbra, the green heart of the Gargano, is a typical expression: a centuries-old beech tree considered \"depressed beech forest\" because it is located at much lower altitudes than the classic 800 meters, favored by abundant rainfall.\nInside it is also possible to admire forms of gigantism both of the arboreal species and of the shrub species, signs of the natural phenomenon called \"plant macrosomatism\", the result of the ancient isolation of the Promontory. To protect this \"biological island\" with all its great environmental variety, the Gargano National Park was established.\nIn this same precious area of Puglia you can admire the mountain ranges of the Gargano Promontory, the two coastal lakes of Lesina and Varano, the splendid Spontaneous Orchids, the interesting archaeological sites of the Gargano, the indented coastline and rich in sea caves, the Reserve marina of the Tremiti Islands Archipelago. A mosaic of habitats concentrated in one territory, to be discovered.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cefivba.com/preimplantation-genetic-diagnosis-pgd/", "date": "2024-04-22T05:58:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818081.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422051258-20240422081258-00886.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9074735641479492, "token_count": 223, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__65711398", "lang": "en", "text": "Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) is a recently developed technique to detect genetic anomalies in the embryo before it is transferred to the woman’s uterus.\nThis technique consists in extracting from a cell of the embryo during the first phases of development, 6-8 cells, and analysing their genetic content. With the information obtained via this analysis, healthy embryos which can be transferred are selected.\nGenetic analysis which can be carried out through PGD include:\n- The study of aneuploidies in older women, which can detect Down’s Syndrome amongst others.\n- The analysis of structural alterations of the chromosomes: chromosomal translocation and inversion.\n- Study of monogenic diseases, to detect, for example, Cystic Fibrosis.\nIt is specially indicated for infertile patient who have a prior history of spontaneous abortions which show them to be carriers of translocations, inversions or other chromosomal anomalies, monogenic diseases, patients with more than three cycles of IVF-ET or ICSI-ET without pregnancy or older patients.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://veggieu.org/buzz/154-fruits-disguised-as-veggies-scary", "date": "2017-04-24T17:02:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119642.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00020-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9437430500984192, "token_count": 458, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__92817850", "lang": "en", "text": "Fruits Disguised as Veggies? Scary.\nIf you met an eggplant at a Halloween party, you might say, “Hey, awesome veggie costume!”\nBut the eggplant would have to reply, “Actually, I’m a fruit.” So would the cucumber, the olive, and the pepper. All fruits. Talk about great costumes!\nScientifically speaking, many of the foods we refer to as vegetables are actually fruits. If we look at the matter from a botanical viewpoint it is really rather obvious. A fruit is a seed-bearing structure that develops from the ovary of a flowering plant. Pumpkins, squash, avocados, zucchini, and tomatoes are all botanically fruits.\nOn the other hand, vegetables are all the other plant parts that we like to eat, like seeds, roots, leaves, and stems. Celery (stems), lettuce and spinach (leaves), cauliflower and broccoli (flowers), peas, beans, and corn (seeds), and beets, carrots and potatoes (roots) are all examples of vegetables.\nSo, to make any costume–party unmasking easy, if it’s from a plant and has seeds, it’s a fruit; if it doesn’t, it’s a vegetable.\nWhy do we learn that peppers, tomatoes, corn and cucumbers are vegetables? Blame it on culinary tradition! When it comes to cooking, fruits are generally sweet tasting and vegetables are more savory and less sweet. In the food world, the part of the plant we are eating does not generally matter in terms of its classification – taste does!\nIn the end, the botanical classification system makes a clear dividing line between fruits and vegetables, while the culinary system of classification is more ambiguous, causing much confusion about what is a vegetable and what is a fruit.\nBut the good news is that fruits and vegetables are grouped together as part of a healthy diet, so you can simply pick your favorites and enjoy them without the science degree.\nIf you would like to learn more about the confusing conundrum of categorizing fruits and veggies, check out this fun video.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hialeahhosp.com/services/general-surgery/transanal-endoscopic-microsurgery", "date": "2021-07-27T02:00:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046152168.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20210727010203-20210727040203-00241.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9376969337463379, "token_count": 360, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-31", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__117179282", "lang": "en", "text": "Learn about the TEM Procedure\nTEM (Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery) is an innovative new procedure that provides an alternative option for the removal of certain rectal polyps and early stage tumors. TEM is a minimally invasive technique for mid-rectal and upper rectal tumors. Previously, surgery to remove rectal tumors always required an abdominal incision.\nNow with TEM, certain types of early-stage rectal cancers or benign rectal polyps may be removed using a minimally invasive procedure requiring no surgical incision. TEM is performed through the rectum with specially designed microsurgical instruments that can remove lesions high inside the rectum. These were previously accessible only with major abdominal surgery.\nOur Colorectal Institute has the technology, training, and expertise to perform this procedure that may eliminate the need for major surgery for many patients.\nAdvantages of Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM)\n- No abdominal incision\n- Less bleeding\n- Less risk of infection and complications\n- Less risk of bowel obstructions post-surgery\n- Shorter hospital stay\n- Faster recovery and return to normal activities\nColorectal Cancer is the third most common cancer in both men and women. The overall lifetime risk of developing colorectal cancer is about 1 in 20 (5%). The good news is that mortality rate from the disease has been dropping steadily for the past 20 years due to early detection and screenings. Treatment has also improved for colorectal cancer over the past several years and, as a result, there are now more than 1 million survivors of colorectal cancer in the US.\nRoger K. Pons, M.D., FACS, FASCRS", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://velvetsunrise.ca/health-and-coffee-mycotoxins-myth/", "date": "2024-04-23T01:35:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818452.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423002028-20240423032028-00837.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9687950015068054, "token_count": 572, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__66139407", "lang": "en", "text": "Health and Coffee – Mycotoxins Myth\nby Scott | February 9, 2020\nIs your morning cup doing you more harm than help? Study after study has been done on the health benefits of coffee, but not everyone agrees that the benefits outweigh the consequences. Some claim that commercial coffee is contaminated with dangerous mycotoxins, which can cause people to perform badly and have a higher risk of disease.\nWhat are Mycotoxins?\nMold, which is a type of fungus, is found almost everywhere in very small quantities. Mold can grow on edible crops and produce by-products called mycotoxins. There are hundreds of different mycotoxins with different functions. For example, mycotoxins are used to create the antibiotic Penicillin. We’re mostly interested in the two mycotoxins that are found most commonly in coffee: Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A. Aflatoxin B1 is a known carcinogen and is also commonly found in peanuts, corn, tree nuts, and dairy. Ochratoxin A hasn’t been studied as much, but it has been associated with kidney disease, and it is also commonly found in grains. However, it’s important to remember that “the dose makes the poison.”\nMycotoxin Prevention and Regulation\nGenerally speaking, high moisture content, high humidity, and high temperatures can promote the growth of mold and related toxins. The standards of processing and storing green coffee can reduce the growth of mold by regulating these factors, and studies have found that the roasting process can destroy up to 80% of mycotoxins. Additionally, the FDA has regulated mycotoxins in food and drinks for years, and the amount that they allow is far below the amount you would have to ingest to cause yourself harm. If you’re really worried about mycotoxins, you can buy single origin coffee from regions at a higher elevation that has been wet processed. Higher elevation reduces the chance of a high moisture content, and wet processing discourages the growth of mold in green beans compared to dry processing\nMycotoxins are by-products of mold that can be found in many things, including coffee, grains, and tree nuts, but they are only harmful if they’re ingested in large amounts. FDA regulations only allow a very small amount of mycotoxins in food and drinks, and most coffee is processed with the intention of reducing mold growth. If you want to reduce your exposure to mycotoxins in coffee, you can buy high mountain grown single origin coffee that has been wet processed. At the end of the day, the health benefits of coffee outweigh the negatives, so feel free to enjoy your pick-me-up without worry.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.amavensworld.com/red-ribbon-gala/", "date": "2024-02-22T04:24:51Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473690.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222030017-20240222060017-00021.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9125112295150757, "token_count": 201, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__143301161", "lang": "en", "text": "Hosted by our CEO, Anna Foster, be sure to attend the Red Ribbon Gala & Scholarship Awards for the Greater Boston Sickle Cell Disease Association.\nRed Ribbon Gala and Scholarship Awards Saturday, March 18, 2017 Venezia Waterfront Banquet Facility 20 Ericsson Street, Boston, MA For more than 20 years, The Greater Boston Sickle Cell Disease Association, Inc (GBSCDA) has remained true to its mission of raising awareness of Sickle Cell Disease and advocating for individuals living with the disease. About the Red Ribbon Gala and Scholarship Awards With the backdrop of the gorgeous Boston Harbor View, The Red Ribbon Gala and Scholarship Awards includes a VIP Reception, delicious four-course dinner, dancing, live music and an auction. This special evening will recognize those who have been strong advocates in the fight against Sickle Cell Disease and the presentation of the annual scholarship awards to two deserving students, who are living with Sickle Cell Disease and pursuing higher education. Read More….", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://celiaccommunity.org/2013/sibo-gluten-ibs-onnection/", "date": "2024-04-24T06:41:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819067.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424045636-20240424075636-00396.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.955173134803772, "token_count": 1834, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__196577772", "lang": "en", "text": "Amy Burkhart, MD, RD, is a board-certified emergency medicine physician and registered dietitian. She also trained in integrative medicine with Dr. Andrew Weil at the University of Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine. Her practice is located in Napa, CA.\n1100 Lincoln Ave. Suite 200\nNapa, CA 94558\n(707) 927-5622 Office\nWhen she came into my office complaining of bloating, Clare (name changed to protect her privacy) was convinced it was from something she was eating. In a way, she was right. Bloating can be caused by many things, some minor, some serious. I considered her case serious, as it was severely impacting her day-to-day life and her overall health. She was deficient in multiple nutrients. By the end of the day, she often appeared seven months pregnant. Because of the discomfort from the severe bloating, she was unable to sleep. In turn, the sleep deprivation was markedly impacting her mental and physical health.\nPrior to our visit, Clare had tested negative for celiac disease, but had started a gluten-free diet to help her rheumatoid arthritis and bloating. However, her symptoms were not resolving. Her doctor told her she had IBS, but she wanted to know if there was something she could do to find relief. I suspected Clare was suffering from SIBO.\nWhat is SIBO?\nSIBO stands for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Normally, the small intestine has few bacteria. Most intestinal bacteria are contained in the large intestine. When there are too many, or they are the wrong type of bacteria in the small intestine, it is called SIBO.\nDon’t we need bacteria in our intestine?\nWe do. Bacteria are important for our immune system, digestion, vitamin production and more. But, when SIBO is present, there are too many bacteria and they are in the wrong place. This can cause malabsorption, inflammation, and some or many of the symptoms below.\nWhat are some of the symptoms of SIBO?\n- Stomach pain\n- Weight loss\n- Nutrient deficiencies and their associated symptoms: Vitamin B12, A, D, E, iron, other B vitamins, fat, protein and carbohydrate malabsorption\n- Carbohydrate intolerance-symptoms such as bloating/pain/gas fatigue after eating\n- Joint pain\nWhat causes SIBO?\nTo keep bacteria counts at a healthy low level in the small intestine, your body must have normal levels of stomach acid; properly functioning pancreas and gall bladder; normal intestinal motility (ability to move food through the digestive tract); normal mucosa (lining of the digestive tract); and structurally normal valves.\nThese medical conditions and treatments that affect one of the factors above can predispose someone to SIBO:\n- Liver or pancreas disease\n- Celiac Disease/Non-celiac GS\n- Inflammatory Bowel Disease\n- Chronic Constipation\n- Chronic Antibiotic Use\n- Immune suppressed states i.e. AIDS, Cancer, chronic steroid use\n- Other chronic diseases\n- Chronic use of acid blocking medication\nIs SIBO associated with any other illnesses?\nIn addition to the diseases that predispose someone to SIBO, it is also seen more commonly in people with rosacea, restless leg syndrome, interstitial cystitis and cirrhosis.\nHow do you test for it?\nIt is typically diagnosed using a breath test in which the patient drinks a sugar-containing drink and exhaled gases are measured. If there are too many bacteria, excess gases (hydrogen, methane or both) will be produced. It should be noted that the reliability of this test is less than ideal and many cases will be missed. Due to the poor reliability of the testing method, some physicians will treat based on symptoms. A direct sample can also be taken from the intestinal fluid to diagnose SIBO, but it is not routinely done.\nHow is SIBO related to Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity?\nPeople with celiac disease have a higher incidence of SIBO. A 2003 paper found there was a high incidence of SIBO in celiac patients on a gluten-free diet with ongoing symptoms. Anecdotally, there is a higher incidence of SIBO in non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) patients, but due to the lack of data surrounding NCGS, the science is that arena is still to come.\nWhat is the connection to IBS?\nIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common condition. A person with IBS typically has symptoms such as bloating, cramping, abdominal pain, diarrhea and/ or constipation. There is no definitive test or diagnostic marker at this time (although one is under development), so diagnosis is based on symptoms and history. Until we have a better understanding of IBS, there will be debate on its cause and treatment. Some studies say that up to 50-60% of people with IBS may have SIBO and that by treating the SIBO you will get resolution of the IBS symptoms.\nSo, are some cases of IBS actually SIBO? A recent review paper addressed the use of Rifaxamin, an antibiotic used to treat SIBO, as a treatment for IBS patients. Many of the studies showed improvement or resolution of IBS symptoms if the IBS patients were diagnosed with SIBO. Another recent study in children found that 66% of children diagnosed with IBS had SIBO. Treating the SIBO resolved the IBS symptoms.\nHow do you treat it?\nThe underlying cause of the SIBO must be addressed first or treatment will not be effective. For example, if SIBO is due to celiac disease it will never get better without first adhering to a strict gluten-free diet. After treating the underlying cause, the subsequent therapy will depend on a traditional or integrative approach.\nTraditional SIBO treatment:\nAntibiotics are the mainstay of therapy and are often used in conjunction with motility agents to prevent “build up” of bacteria by moving things through the intestinal tract. Some physicians will also prescribe a low sugar diet. In severe cases, elemental diets are used. These are liquid diets in which all of the nutrients are broken down and don’t require digestion. The nutrients are absorbed so quickly that the bacteria don’t have time to act on them and produce symptoms. This is done for a short duration to effectively “starve” the bacteria.\nIntegrative SIBO treatment:\nAs mentioned above, the underlying cause must first be treated. From there, the following integrative therapies may be used:\n- Diet/nutritional interventions\n- Motility agents\n- Digestive Enzymes\n- Elimination Diets\n- Relaxation Techniques\n- Stress Reduction\n- Addressing sleep disorders\n- Herbal antibiotics\n- Elemental Diets\nAre there special diets for SIBO?\nMany diets are used to treat SIBO. Which diet is used depends on the clinical scenario and the practitioner. Most of the diets have the same goal of reducing sugars that the bacteria would consume. Commonly used diets are Paleo, SCD, GAPS, Candida, FODMAPS, or a general low sugar diet.\nOnce you treat it, is it gone forever?\nLong term outcome varies, but recurrence is common.\nHow do you best prevent recurrence?\nYou may be able to prevent or minimize the risk of recurrence by eating a “clean diet” of primarily plant-based whole foods; minimizing processed foods and sugar; reducing stress; exercising; taking probiotics; and adopting good sleep habits. Some people will use a less restricted form of one of the above-mentioned diets on a long term basis; each person is different.\nSo back to my lovely patient, Clare. The cause of her bloating did turn out to be SIBO. Her intuition was correct; what she was eating was bothering her. The sugar in her diet was an issue, due to SIBO and fructose malabsorption. We addressed these issues, identified and treated both, and she is on her way to a new level of energy and health.\nIf you think you may have symptoms consistent with SIBO, I encourage you to discuss the possibility with your physician. You may be helping yourself and many others by bringing to light an underdiagnosed issue.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://chandigarhhairtransplantation.com/procedures/bio-fue-hair-transplant-in-chandigarh/", "date": "2024-02-27T20:21:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474686.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227184934-20240227214934-00055.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9222242832183838, "token_count": 339, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__203795893", "lang": "en", "text": "We provide Bio FUE Hair Transplant in Chandigarh.\nBIO-FUE is very similar to the FUE technique. In this technique the growth factors are separated from blood and re-injected into the transplanted area giving extremely great results for hair growth(PRP). This is not only helpful for transplanted hair but also for strengthening the existing thinning hair follicles. It is an advanced technique which is stitch less and painless.\nIn Bio FUE regenerative cells from one’s own blood is infused into the FUE donor site for rapid healing and growth of transacted hair. The cells also improve the quality and aesthetic density of existing non transplanted hair.\n- Regenerative cells from you blood are infused into the FUE donor site for rapid healing and to promote the growth of transected hairs.\n- All follicular units are then bathed in your growth factor (protein) rich culture medium to reduce cell death and help increase the yield of transplanted follicular units.\n- Finally you’re enriched cells are injected into the transplanted area to promote faster healing, rapid hair growth of the transplanted hairs and also to improve the quality and aesthetic density of your existing non-transplanted hair.\nBEST CANDIDATES FOR BIO FUE\n- Those who want to wear their hair short\n- Those who do not want a linear scar\n- Those with limited donor supply or scalp elasticity\nDr Rahul Goyal (M.S, M.Ch) offers Bio FUE Hair Transplant in Chandigarh at Lowest Price. Book Your Free Consultation Now.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.fbs-osaka-kondolabo.net/simulation-softs", "date": "2023-12-05T22:42:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100568.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205204654-20231205234654-00223.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6882250905036926, "token_count": 167, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__45929535", "lang": "en", "text": "flower phyllotaxis simulator\nThis simulator calculates the phyllotaxis pattern of sunflowers. New seeds add at the center of the flower, and old seeds gradually go away from the center. As the outer most seeds move slower than the inner seeds, the packing effect occurs to make the seeds draw up in order, the Fibonacci spiral.\nKT model simulator\nKTmodel is a simplified version of the RD model. In the RD model, the diffusion rate of two molecules determines the relationship between distance and strength of activation (suppression). On the other hand, in the KT model, the relationship between distance and strength of activation (suppression) can be directly inputted as the shape of the kernel. This simplification allows the KT model to be applied to systems where the signal is not transmitted by diffusion.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.bartleteggs.co.za/health-nutrition/", "date": "2024-02-25T12:41:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474595.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225103506-20240225133506-00681.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9312393069267273, "token_count": 209, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__18818572", "lang": "en", "text": "Weight & Hunger\nStarting the day with eggs as part of a balanced meal can help prevent midmorning hunger and improve nutrient intake compared to skipping breakfast.\nRecent studies have found that foods consisting of carbohydrates that are quickly absorbed into the blood stream have a high glycaemic index, promoting hunger and excess weight gain. Eggs contain no carbohydrates and therefore lower the total glycaemic load of the meal in which they are consumed.\n- An egg contains varying amounts of 13 important vitamins and minerals. An egg yolk is one of the few foods that naturally contains vitamin D, the sunshine vitamin, in combination with other important nutrients such as folate, iron and vitamin B12\n- Eggs supply high-quality protein. Egg protein contains all the essential amino acids.\n- Choline in eggs is important in proper brain development in the feotus and new-born and also plays a role in preventing memory loss later in life.\nPlease feel free to contact us, using the contact details below and we will get back to you shortly.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.grantsocial.com/health-news/buy-finasteride-5mg-for-hair-loss-and-prostate-enlargement-treatment.html", "date": "2018-09-18T18:37:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267155634.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20180918170042-20180918190042-00476.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9658081531524658, "token_count": 693, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__130955417", "lang": "en", "text": "Finasteride 5mg is a drug created by Merck for the treatment of prostate enlargement benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Finasteride 5mg proved to be very effective in its intended treatment of BPH. However, during its testing phase, many of the subjects that took part in the testing reported of a side effect, something which was actually phenomenal. Since BPH occurs in middle-age to elderly men, some of the men taking part in the tests also had hereditary baldness issues or androgenic alopecia. The side effect of finasteride 5mg was that the progression of their hair loss had stopped.\nThe side effect that finasteride 5mg had has quickly caught the attention of Merck scientists and executives. This is because what they had in their hand was possibly the best and only true treatment for male pattern baldness. Merck then had assigned some of their leading scientists to study this side effect of finasteride 5mg, and, as the reports had shown, it indeed had the capacity to stop hair fall caused by androgenic alopecia. They then studied as to why this happened and found out that finasteride 5mg acts as a hormonal suppressor for the hormone that causes male pattern baldness in the first place.\nMale pattern baldness is hereditary in nature. Men who have the genetic trait will have a high chance of developing the condition. Hair loss occurs because the hormone dihydrotestosterone thins the hair follicles until they die and can no longer support hair growth. When finasteride 5mg is used, it limits the production of dihydrotestosterone which helps the hair follicles keep healthy.\nBasically, finasteride 5mg is an inhibitor. Dihydrotestosterone is only a byproduct through the conversion of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase of testosterone. What finasteride 5mg does is that it is acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. This in turn makes finasteride 5mg very effective in stopping male pattern baldness right up its tracks.\nIn lieu to this discovery, Merck tried to find out what the most efficient dose of their drug finasteride is most effective in treating male pattern baldness. It was then found out that finasteride 5mg is perfect for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia whereas finasteride 1mg is perfect for treating male pattern baldness. The discovery of this hair loss treatment from finasteride 5mg testing was phenomenal, breakthrough, and groundbreaking. Even though it is only a side effect of the finasteride 5mg drug they intended for BPH treatment, it turned out to be a more profitable treatment drug for them.\nFinasteride 1mg is strictly for hair loss treatment and finasteride 5mg is for BPH and male pattern baldness. Since the price of finasteride 5mg is cheaper compared to 5x that of finasteride 1mg, some men who use finasteride for hair loss treatment buy finasteride 5mg and simply use a pill cutter to divide the finasteride 5mg pill into four equal parts. Basically, they get four pieces of 1.25mg of finasteride. This is actually just right for the treatment of hair loss considering that they have an extra 0.25mg to possibly help boost treatment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.amazinggarden.net/collections/20-gallons-grow-bags/products/terracotta-plant-watering-stakes", "date": "2022-05-17T05:16:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662515501.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220517031843-20220517061843-00159.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9237142205238342, "token_count": 454, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__163630138", "lang": "en", "text": "Terracotta Plant Watering Stakes$22.99\n- DEEP ROOT WATERING: Timed and slow water seepage through spikes into the soil promotes healthy root growth. Through Watering Spikes, preserve all valuable nutrients in the soil that would otherwise be washed away with conventional water can or wand hose watering. Use as plant food spikes and no need for a plant moisture meter indoor. Watering Spikes is an excellent garden irrigation system kit, and alternative to garden or plant watering can. Water therapy for your plants.\n- PREMIUM MATERIAL: Made of premium terracotta, these watering stakes are durable, have good permeability, and are anti-weathering. Whether your plants are indoor or outdoor, these self-watering spikes will keep your plants alive by delivering just the right amount of water to them. No need to worry when you go to travel or on business, trusting your plants will be cared for well by this plant waterer. Wine or soda bottles are perfect reservoirs that can sustain your plant's watering needs for up to 14 days.\n- HEALTHIER PLANTS: Using an automatic watering system ensures that your plants get just the right amount of water. These environmentally friendly plant watering devices prevent underwatering and overwatering so your plants have just the right amount of water at all times. This promotes healthier roots and stronger plants. It also prevents water overflow so you won't lose any soil or valuable nutrients. These simple irrigation spikes can be installed and running in minutes.\n- MULTIPURPOSE: Avoid damp conditions conducive to the growth of the offending mold, the surface soil must remain relatively dry. With the watering stakes, the plant is now supplied with sub-surface water, to keep the surface dry. The mold is gone and the tree is thriving. Using these and breeding caves for plecos in the aquarium, work just as well. This plant watering system can effectively recycle empty wine bottles and plastic bottles, and use them to water your plants for you.\n- FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS: It's VERY important that you follow the instructions provided in one of the product pictures for the best results. Not following instructions can affect your final results!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://seafoodsafety.org/category/09-science/", "date": "2019-04-20T11:07:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578529606.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20190420100901-20190420122901-00089.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9496799111366272, "token_count": 163, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__121399784", "lang": "en", "text": "More than $2.3 million will go to partners to support innovative bycatch reduction research projects.\nFish poisoning, principally ciguatera and scombroid fish poisoning, was responsible for 17.8% of all confirmed food-borne disease outbreaks listed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in 1978-1987. Naturally, toxic fish and shellfish cannot be distinguished from nontoxic animals by sensory inspection, and the toxins are not destroyed by normal cooking or processing. Except for scombroid fish poisoning, natural intoxications are both highly regional and species associated, and toxins are present in the fish or shellfish at the time of capture. Scombroid poisoning is due to histamine produced by bacteria multiplying on certain fish that are mishandled after capture, and illnesses are widely reported from different states.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://old.physics.wfu.edu/events/online-ph-d-defense-tunable-collagen-i-matrices-for-cellular-migration-assay-and-mechanical-properties-of-mitotic-mammary-cells-april-22-2021-at-1-pm/", "date": "2023-05-30T00:22:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644915.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20230530000715-20230530030715-00334.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.916556179523468, "token_count": 835, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__6304424", "lang": "en", "text": "Online Ph.D. Defense: “Tunable Collagen I Matrices for Cellular Migration Assay and Mechanical Properties of Mitotic Mammary Cells” — April 22, 2021 at 1 PM\nMs. Melissa Pashayan\nMentor: Professor Jed Macosko\nDepartment of Physics\nWake Forest University\nThursday, April 22, 2021 at 1:00 pm\n(Private defense will follow public presentation)\nVia Video Conference (contact email@example.com for link information)\nThe mechanical properties of cells influence their function in the way they differentiate, proliferate, migrate, adhere, and sense their local microenvironment. In disease, these properties are significantly altered and are hallmarks of disease onset and progression. Cancer cells, particularly, have been shown to be softer than normal tissue, and the changes in mechanical properties are linked to tumor formation and metastatic potential. The study of mechanical properties of different cells and their diseased counterparts can therefore provide insight into both the normal development of tissue and the pathophysiology of disease and may aid in the development of novel diagnostic techniques and treatments.\nCancer metastasis is one of the deadliest aspects of the disease. Metastatic cells break away from their primary tumor and invade the surrounding tissue, traveling though the stroma into the vasculature or lymph before settling onto a secondary site and forming new tumors. Along this journey, cancer cells must migrate though vastly different tissues with varied properties, namely stiffness, which can change by factors up to 20 for breast cancer; observing how cells migrate through diverse stiffness matrices is crucial to understanding the process of metastasis. Though there are many different matrices used for in vitro studies of cell migration, stiffness variation is often achieved though the change of other material properties, such as ligand density. This makes it difficult to separate the effect of stiffness from the effect of these other properties. In this work, a novel method for the functionalization of collagen I gels with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), using lithium acylphosphinate as a photoinitiator of GMA cross-linking, is tested in migration assay. This method allows for matrix stiffness to be tuned via timed exposure to UV light independent of ligand density. Metastatic breast cells embedded in the gels survived and migrated, proving these matrices viable for migration study.\nCell division, which is often deregulated in cancer, involves the complete remodeling and restructuring of the cell, from its interior components to the cytoskeleton, in addition to the morphological changes as the divides into two daughter cells. During mitosis, cells round up as microtubules form the mitotic spindle responsible for chromosomal segregation, elongate as the chromosomes separate along the spindle, and furrow, or pinch off, into two new cells via constriction of a contractile actin ring along the equator. Morphology and cytoskeletal structure often determine cellular mechanical properties, which would therefore be expected to change throughout the process of cell division. In this work, the Young’s modulus, a measure of stiffness, is measured with an atomic force microscope for synchronized normal human mammary epithelial cells, HMECs, as they divide. The stiffness is found to increase 4-fold, peaking shortly after the onset of furrowing, before softening as the cell finishes dividing. This work provides a baseline for comparison to different grades of breast cancer, which could provide insight into the altered mechanisms of cancer cell growth and proliferation.\n- Smelser A.M., Gomez M.M., Smyre S., Fender Pashayan M.L., Macosko J.C. (2018) Stiffness-Tuned Matrices for Tumor Cell Studies. In: Soker S., Skardal A. (eds) Tumor Organoids. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60511-1_9", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://horrorflora.com/2016/12/30/atom-kaiju-file-19-metringar/", "date": "2023-06-09T17:28:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224656788.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20230609164851-20230609194851-00543.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.951026976108551, "token_count": 507, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__65072143", "lang": "en", "text": "Date Discovered: June 14th, 1954\nPlace of Origin: Typhon Island\nNotable Stomping Grounds: Typhon Island\nHeight: 100 feet\nLength: 300 feet\nBiology: A somewhat atypical member of the Long Necked Sea Tyrant retrosaur clade, Metringar is a piscivorous reptile that spends most of its life in the water. Its long neck and tail are both incredibly muscular, making it a powerful swimmer and fighter despite its somewhat bloated body. The two “horns” on the back of its head are actually its nostrils, allowing the sea reptile to breath while most of its body is submerged. While few long necked goliaths in the fossil record sport this adaptation, a colony of living, non-kaiju long necked goliaths with these same strange nostrils were discovered living in Loch Ness in 1956.\nMetringar sports the standard kaiju power set:\n- Super strength\n- An enhanced healing factor\n- Immunity to radiation\nPersonality: Metringar is a docile creature, content to live a placid life of swimming, sun bathing, and occasionally devouring entire schools of fish. It doesn’t seek combat like other kaiju, nor does it hold grudges against those who attack it. As far as kaiju on kaiju interactions go, Metringar can almost always be considered a neutral party.\nKaiju on human interactions, however, are a different story. Metringar has little interest in large human vehicles – ships, tanks, and other weapons of war can approach the monster without fear so long as they don’t attack it. Smaller vehicles and pedestrians, on the other hand, are at risk around the beast, as Metringar sometimes mistakes them for prey items. This is especially likely when there is a large cluster of them together, as Metringar’s brain is built to consider a large group of small, moving creatures as a buffet.\nThankfully, Metringar is content to stay on its island home, where contact with humans is rare in general. If the monster was ever forced to enter human territory, it would quickly be one of the most maliciously destructive kaiju known to man. Instead it is considered one of the most peaceful creatures on Typhon Island.\nPingback: ATOM Kaiju File #20: Tyloton – Horror Flora", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://hoddere.com/folz-street/", "date": "2022-06-30T07:58:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103669266.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220630062154-20220630092154-00369.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9428735971450806, "token_count": 603, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__232731979", "lang": "en", "text": "Somerville, Texas - Burleson County\n✓+/-88 Acres ✓Distant Views ✓Mix of Open and Wooded Areas\nUpper Ridge Ranch is truly a unique property. Upon entering this beautiful ± 88 acres you will see a mix of both open pasture and heavily wooded areas. Seven different varieties of oak trees have been identified on the property. A wildlife and property management plan has been executed to take advantage of the elevation and views. Kyle Field, 13 miles away, can be seen from the ridge. The plan also enhances the promotion of wildlife, and trails have been cut to provide access through the wooded areas. The property offers a variety of vegetation, trees, wildlife, and terrain. Ag exemption in place. 6 miles from historic Independence, TX, 18 miles from Brenham, 23 miles from College Station, and 82 miles from Houston.\nTexas Parks and Wildlife Current Habitat Description by Bobby Allcorn, Regulatory Biologist: The property is truly unique for Burleson County. It does have a good mix of both open pasture and forested areas, but the topographical variation is what sets it apart. Whereas surrounding land is either flat crop land or dense yaupon forest, this property has varying topography that produces vegetative communities not commonly found in the area anymore. Pastures are primarily exotic grasses with Bermudagrass being the dominant cover. Native forbs such as black eyed Susans, dove weed, annual rag weed, and other annuals can be found in these areas as well. Some places contained the native bunch grass brown seed paspalum which can provide beneficial cover for nesting birds. Woody cover in open areas was primarily invading brush species such as honey locust, and yaupon. Large trees in pastures were primarily post oaks, elms, hackberry, and a few pecans. Other wooded areas were more indicative of a post oak, blackjack oak, black hickory forest that has become rarer over time. These areas provide the best wildlife habitat on the property, and typically hold most of the deer. The majority of the vines are greenbriar, muscadine grape, mustang grape, and peppervine with some trumpet creeper present. The herbaceous layer is dominated by Bermuda grass in most openings with scattered areas of native plants including brownseed paspalum, little bluestem, dove weed (wooly croton), partridge pea, and other sandy soil plants. There is a large component of yaupon and other small shrubs/trees including bois d’arc, red mulberry, rough-leafed dogwood, flowering dogwood, and rusty blackhaw in the understory of the woodland areas. Intermittent streams cross the property providing water and a diverse array of plants.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.brettbrothers.ie/animal-nutrition/grass-and-forage/bretts-exclusive-grass-seed-mixtures/", "date": "2024-04-15T16:13:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817002.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415142720-20240415172720-00351.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9052546620368958, "token_count": 166, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__3051928", "lang": "en", "text": "Bretts Exclusive Range of Grass Seeds\nAt Bretts we understand the importance of grassland productivity for overall farm profitability. Our team will guide you through the process of reseeding, including pre and post sowing management, mixture selection, weed control and fertiliser planning. We have researched the optimum varieties available for your future grass sward.\nPlease click here for grass brochure and tips on reseeding and below you will find below details of our top quality mixtures which include only fully approved varieties from the Irish DAFM Recommended List and the Teagasc Pasture Profit Index (PPI). Please click here for up-to-date details on recommended varieties of grass and cereals. Our seed mixtures are formulated to ensure they deliver increased seasonal yield and exceptional quality for both grazing and silage swards.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://kirazamber.com/orientals.html", "date": "2019-04-19T04:37:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578527135.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20190419041415-20190419063415-00187.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9553616046905518, "token_count": 750, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__54378937", "lang": "en", "text": "We hereby would like to tell you about the Orientals. That is: Siamese, Balinese,\nOriental Shorthair and Oriental Longhair. These breeds belong\nto the same group and can all be bred among each other.\nThe Siamese is the most famous and familiar of the four breeds,\nwith it's beautiful \"points\" and gorgeous blue eyes.\nThe Balinese is the longhaired version of the Siamese.\nThe difference is the length of the coat and the magnificent plume tail.\nThen of course we have the solid colored version of the Siamese:\nThe Oriental Shorthair. This Oriental variety has mysterious green eyes\nand a coat in many different colors and patterns.\nThis cat also has a longhaired version which is the Oriental Longhair.\nThese breeds all share the same elegant type and unique extravert character.\nThe bases of these related breeds lies in the Far East.\nSiamese where already known there in the 14th century, in the land of Siam,\nthese days known as Thailand.\nAt the end of the 19th century they were exported to Europe.\nThe imported cats were all seal point, later on they turned out\nto spontaneously produce other colors as well.\nThese were the now well-known blue, chocolate and lilac point.\nThese are what we now call the \"classic\" colors.\nAll colors originated later on, come from outcrosses with other breeds\nin de 50's and 60's till now.\nAll four varieties are the very picture of grace and elegance. The tubular body is long, svelt and muscular. They stand on high, slender legs and have a long, thin whip tail. The head is wedge-shaped, the eyes almond shaped and slanted. These cats have a long, straight profile and a firm chin. They exist in various colors, amongst others also silver and bicolor.\nThese breeds have a very extravagant personality.\nThey are often referred to as \"the dog among cats\"\nbecause of their affectionate behaviour.\nThey are also very vocal and comment everything you do.\nBecause of their social attitude, it is necessary to give them enough attention.\nIf you don't, or neglect them, they become unhappy\nand will often start behaving badly.\nTherefore, they really need enough toys and a cat playmate\nto keep them busy. Usually they are also very good\nwith dogs and children.\nYou need to give them all the attention they crave for\nand leaving them alone for too long is definitely not an option they prefer.\nThey are very playful till a high age and can race through your house\nlike lunatics to rest on your lap one minute later.\nThe coat of these cats is very silky and fine in texture, and should lie smoothly and close to the body. They have no undercoat and every now and then combing with a fine comb or a soft brush is enough. Even the longhairs don't require much maintenance.\nA Variant is a shorthaired cat with a factor for longhair.\nIt is the result of a cross breeding between a shorthair\nand a longhair within the same Oriental breed group.\n(for example Siamese x Oriental Longhair)\nFor the simple reason that the shorthairs are often better typed,\nthese are bred back to the longhairs to improve type.\nThe Variants from this crossbreed are therefore very valuable\nto the Balinese and Oriental Longhair breeders.\nThey get a genuine pedigree and can be shown as normal shorthairs.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.hotelpuntaislita.com/top-5-snorkeling-and-diving-spots-near-hotel-punta-islita-costa-rica", "date": "2024-04-13T18:14:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816832.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413180040-20240413210040-00788.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8820686936378479, "token_count": 670, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__17840376", "lang": "en", "text": "Playa Carrillo: Less than an hour's drive from Hotel Punta Islita lies Playa Carrillo, a pristine beach with crystal-clear waters perfect for snorkeling. Beneath the surface, you'll encounter vibrant coral reefs teeming with colorful fish, sea turtles, and other fascinating marine life. Snorkelers can easily access the reef directly from the shore, making it an ideal spot for beginners and families.\nSamara Beach: Venture a bit further along the coast, and you'll discover Samara Beach, another fantastic destination for snorkeling and diving enthusiasts. Here, you can explore the diverse underwater ecosystem, which is home to an array of tropical fish, octopuses, and even the occasional dolphin or manta ray. Dive deeper to discover hidden caves and rock formations, adding an element of excitement to your underwater adventure. Several diving schools in the area can prepare and certify you as a diver, ensuring your safety on this exciting voyage.\nIsla Chora: For those seeking a more immersive experience, Isla Chora offers excellent opportunities to explore its rich coral gardens and abundant marine life. Located a few nautical miles away from Samara Beach, Isla Chora can be reached by boat or kayak for the more adventurous. Once you arrive at the island, you can embark on a guided diving excursion, where encounters with reef sharks, eagle rays, and schools of colorful reef fish await. With visibility often exceeding 30 meters, Isla Chora promises unforgettable underwater encounters.\nPlaya Ocotal: A couple of hours' drive north from Hotel Punta Islita, Playa Ocotal offers excellent snorkeling opportunities along its rocky coastline. Dive beneath the waves to discover a thriving underwater ecosystem characterized by volcanic rock formations and abundant marine life. Keep an eye out for elusive creatures like moray eels and spotted eagle rays as you explore the area's diverse underwater terrain.\nCatalinas Islands: Located off the Gulf of Papagayo, the crystal-clear waters of Catalina Islands are an invitation to uncover the bustling marine life and thriving coral reefs. Descend into the depths to discover colorful reef fish, moray eels, and impressive coral formations. Advanced divers can explore deeper waters, where encounters with larger species such as bull sharks and humpback whales are not uncommon.\nAs you wrap up your underwater adventures, nothing beats unwinding in your own natural sanctuary. Tucked within a lush coastal landscape, Hotel Punta Islita offers comfort, luxury, and traditional Costa Rican flair. This eco-friendly resort provides a tranquil retreat after a day of ocean fun. With its attentive service and range of amenities, including spacious accommodations, gourmet dining options, and rejuvenating spa treatments, Hotel Punta Islita ensures a memorable and revitalizing stay. Moreover, its convenient location grants easy access to some of Costa Rica's premier snorkeling and diving spots, seamlessly transitioning you from relaxation to adventure.\nIn summary, the coastal region near Hotel Punta Islita presents a paradise for snorkeling and diving enthusiasts eager to explore Costa Rica's underwater treasures. From tranquil bays to vibrant coral reefs and offshore islands, there's no shortage of remarkable sites to discover on your next visit to Costa Rica.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.kh-salon.com/lipofirm-wrap/", "date": "2022-06-26T17:40:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103271763.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20220626161834-20220626191834-00057.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9261417984962463, "token_count": 638, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__164118938", "lang": "en", "text": "Banish your fat with a Lipofirm Wrap, a highly scientifically proven fat cell reduction treatment. Lipofirm Wrap works by breaking down fat cells and aiding the body in transporting released Triglycerides through the body’s natural waste processes allowing the contents of the fat cell to be naturally eliminated from the body. Lipofirm Wrap is based on active ingredients and applied topically using a transdermal system for the bio-active phospholipids to travel to the adipose fat cell. The wrap solution needs to activated by heat to trigger the ingredients to deepen and destruct the fat cell.\nProduced and developed by scientists in Italy, Lipofirm Wrap’s development has been based on years of clinical studies relating to cell fat reduction and its long term effects.\nLipofirm Wrap’s unique action is based on its active ingredient belonging to the phospholipids family. When the bio active ingredients reach the fat cell, an intra-cellular reaction occurs as the phospholipids come into contact with the cell wall membrane. This causes breakdown in lipid structure, through dispersion of the phosphate heads allowing the tail end of the phosphate to release into the aqueous environment of the semi inclusion liquid held in the cytosol of the cell allowing free movement of triglycerides.\nThe action of the phospholipids aids the transportation of the free flowing inclusion by way of the emulsified triglycerides being in lipid state. This therefore, enables more direct transportation to the lymph vessels and is exited from the body via the waste systems.\nVitus Vinifera (Grapeseed Oil) – Grape seed oil has several important health benefits. It is a good source of essential fatty acids and vitamin E. The polyphenols and flavonoids found in this oil contain strongantioxidant compounds.\nCitrus Aurantium (Bitter Orange) – Bitter orange extract has been used within formulation of Lipofirm Wrap as it is used in weight management products due to its purported effects on metabolic processes, including an increase in basal metabolic rate and lipolysis as well as mild appetite suppression.\nCaffeine – This ingredient has the ability to constrict small blood vessels and reduce inflammation, reduction of cellulite and contains anti oxidants. These qualities serve caffeine well as an ingredient as where caffeine’s ability to cause dehydration is put to good use drawing excess fluid from fat cells to improve the skin’s appearance.\nTaurine – Essential ingredient for cardiovascular function and has blood cholesterol-lowering effects, furthermore body weight also decreased significantly with the use of this ingredient. It acts as an antioxidant and protects against toxicity of various substances within the body. In cells, Taurine keeps potassium and magnesium inside the cell, while keeping excessive sodium out. In this sense, it works like a diuretic, because it aids the movement of potassium, sodium, and calcium in and out of the cell.\nLipofirm Wrap is a 45 minute treatment – £50\nCall us today to book your wrap and see some immediate results – 01462 422488!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://gratitudefarms.co.in/product/tomato-country/", "date": "2020-07-07T21:56:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655895944.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20200707204918-20200707234918-00183.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9225881099700928, "token_count": 109, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__92522856", "lang": "en", "text": "250 g, 500 g, 1 Kg\n₹32.00 – ₹60.00\nTomatoes are a major dietary source of the antioxidant lycopene, which has been linked to many health benefits, including reduced risk of heart disease and cancer.\nThey are also a great source of vitamin C, potassium, folate, and vitamin K. What’s more? Organically grown tomatoes are found to contain higher levels of antioxidants in comparison to conventionally grown ones.\nCategory: Organic Vegetables.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.skinni-snax.com/blog/post/prebiotics-for-health.html", "date": "2021-10-23T19:36:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585768.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20211023193319-20211023223319-00228.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9144538640975952, "token_count": 754, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__28621633", "lang": "en", "text": "We all have heard about how important gut health is. Most try to get probiotics into their diets through drinking kefir and kombucha, eating sauerkraut and kimchi, and taking probiotic supplements to nourish a healthy gut microbiome. But did you know that there's an equally, if not more, important way you can immediately take action to improve your gut health?\nSo what are Prebiotics ? They are a class of dietary fibers found in some (but not all) fiber-rich foods like fruits, veggies, and whole grains. They act as the fertilizer and nourishment for all of the good bacteria (probiotics) in your gut. Prebiotics are technically defined as \"substrates that serve as nutrients for beneficial microorganisms in a host.\"\nPrebiotic fiber is different from other dietary fibers, such as cellulose, in that these other dietary fibers encourage the growth of a wide variety of gut microorganisms, whereas prebiotics only support the health-promoting ones.\nLike all fiber, your body doesn't digest prebiotics. Instead, they go to your colon—and that's where the magic happens. In the colon, they're fermented and good bacteria feast on them, ultimately providing a vast array of prebiotic benefits that include:\n- Improving digestive health\n- Fighting chronic inflammation and disease\n- Boosting immunity\n- Possibly helping with satiety\n- Helping you manage weight\nYou’re already eating some prebiotic-rich foods but with a few additions, you can help the bacteria population in your gut become a more efficient community.\n- Soluble fibers\nThese include the two most investigated prebiotics: inulin‐type fructans and galacto‐oligosaccharides (GOS)— think \"GO\" for them because when these are a large enough part of the diet, the variety of gut microbes tends to increase. Some examples;\n- Bananas (ripe)\n- Chicory Root\n- Dandelion Greens\n- Fennel Bulb\n- Jerusalem Artichokes (also known as Sunchokes)\n- Pulses (dried beans, lentils, split peas and chickpeas)\n- Savoy Cabbage\n- Resistant starches\nThese prebiotics may be especially great for helping with satiety. These starches resist digestion and make their way into the gut where they cherry-pick and fuel only the good gut bacteria. Plus, they make cells more responsive to insulin for better blood sugar control.\n- Uncooked oats\n- Cooked and cooled potato\n- Grains that are cooked, and then cooled (pastas, oats)\n- Unripe bananas\n- Unripe green banana flour\n- Unmodified potato starch\nThese are showing the potential to nurture the gut microbiome in addition to their known ability to fight against inflammation and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.\n- Citrus Peels\nTo make sure you're eating a variety of prebiotic foods;\n- Eat last night's leftovers straight from the fridge.\n- Sip on soup. Dine on sushi.\n- Swap meat-based meals for pulses.\n- Eat Muesli.\n- Have a prebiotic-rich protein/ energy bar for a snack.\n- Sip on tasty water infusions.\n- Drizzle a little dressing.\n- Top your sandwiches, burgers, and salads with raw, fermented foods like kimchi and sauerkraut.\n- Spread nut butter on toast, an apple or on celery or add it to a smoothie.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://activelifephysiotherapy.ie/carpal-tunnel-syndrome/", "date": "2022-12-09T20:36:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711475.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20221209181231-20221209211231-00859.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9559740424156189, "token_count": 861, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__107570335", "lang": "en", "text": "Are you waking during the night with tingling, pins and needles, numbness or pain in your hand? Do these symptoms persist on waking? Do the symptoms ease if you shake your hand. If so, you may be suffering from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).\nWhat is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?\nIn the medical history books CTS was first described as long ago as 1854! It still remains a puzzling and disabling condition present in about 4% of the general population. In the medical world it is known as a compressive neuropathy of the median nerve at the wrist. In essence this means that the median nerve which travels from the neck down the arm into the hand is compressed as it passes over the bones and soft tissue around the palm surface of the wrist. This then causes tingling, pins and needles, numbness and pain in the hand.\nIt is more common in females than males. It can occur in all age groups but most commonly seen between 40 to 60 years. There are certain risk factors which make individuals more likely to develop this condition which includes prolonged postures with the wrist a bent position, repetitive use of the wrist muscles and exposure to vibratory machinery. Conditions that alter the fluid balance in the body like pregnancy, menopause, use of oral contraceptive, obesity, renal failure, hypothyroidism, renal failure, congestive heart failure can lead to symptoms developing. Diabetic patients have a higher tendency to develop CTS due to a reduced threshold for nerve injury.\nWhat do CTS signs and symptoms look like?\nCTS can be classified into three stages.\nStage 1: Frequently awakening during the night and first thing in the morning with a sensation of a swollen, tingling, numb hand. They may report severe pain that irradiates from the wrist to the shoulder, and an annoying tingling in their hand and fingers. Hand shaking (the flick sign) relieves the symptoms. During the morning, a sensation of hand stiffness usually persists.\nStage 2: The symptoms are present also during the day, mostly when the person remains in the same position for a long time, or performs repeated movements with their hand and wrist. They may report clumsiness or difficulty with tasks that involve a lot of fine finger movements\nStage 3: They may notice that the muscle around the thumb on the palm surface of the hand is getting smaller compared the opposite.\nSome people present with more unusual symptoms of CTS such as “writers cramp” or fatigue in the hand, cold sensitivity in the fingers, forearm pain, or numbness in the third finger only. There are also a small percentage of individuals who get symptoms with rigorous activity usually work-related. These cases usually do well with some small changes to work duties.\nWhen you attend your Chartered Physiotherapist, GP or Orthopaedic Specialist with the possibility of having CTS they will first ask a lot of different questions to rule out other causes of the symptoms. They will complete some clinical tests that may reproduce your symptoms. They may even refer you for further investigations including nerve conduction tests which is the main test but sometimes ultrasound or even an MRI in the case of a more unusual presentation.\nOnce CTS has been confirmed by your health care professional there are both conservative and surgical options available. Individuals with mild to moderate symptoms are generally offered conservative treatment. This includes use of wrist splints to keep the hand in a neutral position at night to prevent compression of the nerve at the wrist. For a lot of individuals this can be a very effective way to manage symptoms. Also addressing any work or sport related postures that may be putting a lot of compression on the wrist anatomy should be modified. Other options include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories drugs from your GP, corticosteroid injections provided by an Orthopaedic specialist, soft tissue techniques and joint mobilisations performed by a Chartered Physiotherapist. If there is no improvement in symptoms with conservative options or the symptoms are particularly severe then the surgical option of a carpal tunnel release is considered. This has been proven to have a good long-term outcome in 70-90% of suffers.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.customdiet.info/7-benefits-of-intermittent-fasting-scientifically-proven/", "date": "2022-01-21T00:21:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320302706.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20220120220649-20220121010649-00119.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9416776895523071, "token_count": 1612, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__227611479", "lang": "en", "text": "Since I started intermittent fasting, I’ve noticed a big improvement in my physical and mental health.\nIt is indeed a practice which enjoys particular attention in the world of integrative medicine🌱 and which has been the subject of numerous scientific researches, to the point where its enormous health benefits are no longer in doubt.\nI am showing you today the incredible virtues of intermittent fasting and how it has affected me positively on all levels.\nBetter Concentration since I practice Intermittent Fasting\nThe digestion process in humans sometimes requires up to 15% of the total energy available in the body.\nWhen fasting, this energy normally used for digestion is directed to other organs, mainly the brain.\nThis brain stimulation by intermittent fasting is no accident. It is enough to go back a little to realize that it is even quite logical to be more alert and more productive on an empty stomach.\nIndeed, our ancestors used to go through long periods of intermittent fasting when plants and animals were scarce in cold weather. They then had to show more concentration and vigilance so as not to miss the few prey available.\nMark Mattson, head of the neuroscience laboratory at NIH, explains: “When you are hungry and have not eaten for a long time, your nerve cells are more active and, in terms of evolution, this is perfectly logical. Let’s pretend you’re an animal in the jungle and have not found food for a long time, it’s best to keep your brain cells active so you can get food. ”\nSo to stimulate your neurons, giving your digestive system a little vacation would be a good idea, the two will thank you 👍!\nIntermittent Fasting allows to regulate insulin rate\nAh, insulin! This powerful hormone that makes us see it in all colors.\nTo explain the role of intermittent fasting in the regulation of insulin, let’s first make a short summary of the science courses of yesteryear.\nIn fact, as soon as you eat a meal, insulin is automatically secreted by the pancreas in order to lower the glucose level in the blood.\nOnce it spreads through the body, its role is to order the muscles to open their doors and let in the sugar that is around. It is thus stored in muscle cells for later use as the main energy source.\nOnce these cells are full, the rest of the glucose is sent to the liver, where it is stored as glycogen, creating a second backup fuel.\nWhen you eat all day long, there is always blood sugar in addition to all these reserves. 👎\nAs a result, the pancreas continues to produce excess insulin, but this time the muscles and the exhausted liver begin to resist storage signals. ⚠\nAnd when the body no longer knows where to put the excess glucose, it keeps it as fat, mainly in the belly.\nAnd here you are, you now know where the puffy little belly that bothers you comes from!\nOf course, this insulin surge does not go unnoticed and generates an avalanche of negative effects on our physiognomy in the long term, and this is where intermittent fasting comes to the rescue.\nSince it gives our body long breaks without glucose, it succeeds in restoring the natural balance of insulin and completely dissipating the harmful effects of this disturbance, for example:\nRegulation of other hormones\nSeveral hormones affected by insulin and our eating habits rebalance during intermittent fasting. Here are some examples:\nGhrelin: Also known as the hunger hormone, ghrelin is the main reason why you feel hungry at specific times of the day.\nOnce you get your body used to eating four or six times a day, it starts to understand these moments and automatically secretes ghrelin to encourage you to eat at these precise intervals, even if you have just eat.\nAfter only a few days of intermittent fasting, this hormone rebalances and we rediscover a real feeling of hunger and satiety.\nTestosterone: In normal-weight men, a study has shown that intermittent fasting boosts secretion of the hormone LH by 67%, which in turn stimulates testosterone production by up to 180%! Incredible but true results that I have also personally experienced.\nHyperandrogenism: In women too, scientific research today claims that intermittent fasting plays a positive role in reducing the risk of breast cancer.\nIn addition, Dr. Jason Fung, nephrologist and founder of the Intensive Food Coaching Program, strongly advises fasting to relieve the symptoms of several other hormonal conditions, including Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).\nWeight stabilization and fat loss with Intermittent Fasting\nI’m lucky. 🙏 I never needed to lose weight, but intermittent fasting is a real prevention in my view as regards obesity and overweight diseases.\nCalorie deficit: It is clear that when you fast, you automatically consume fewer calories, and several studies have actually shown the effectiveness of intermittent fasting in people suffering from obesity.\nIt would even be more effective in weight loss than permanent calorie deficit diets, since it helps maintain muscle mass at the expense of excess fat 💪, while continuous diets negatively affect muscles. What more ?\nKetosis: It’s only after you’ve drained the glucose stores in your muscles and liver that your body will start using fat.\nBut by eating every three hours, you are not giving your body the opportunity to exhaust its resources.\nIntermittent fasting is an effective way to do this process, known as ketosis, since it robs your body of its main fuel, sugar, and forces it to burn excess fat to create energy.\nThis breakdown of fat by the liver produces what are called ketones, new warriors that will take over and serve as plan B for your body once it is out of glucose.\nKetosis is therefore an excellent alternative for producing energy while targeting resistant fat cells.\nPrevention Of Several Diseases\nWe all want to stay fasting for as long as possible, and currently, research on cell aging clearly states that intermittent fasting is one of the best ways to fortify cells, on several levels:\nWhat The Intermittent Fasting brought me: Physically 👌\nThe benefits of intermittent fasting on our vital organs are countless. Here are some examples:\nThe brain: An article in The journal of neuroscience claimed that intermittent fasting would improve risk factors for heart attack as well as biological markers of memory.\nIt would also stimulate the creation of new neurons, while reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s.\nInterestingly, all of these benefits are based on a simple mechanism: imposing stress on our brain cells by fasting to “spoil” them a bit and forcing them to regenerate and rebuild with more resistance.\nAs if we were training our neurons in fact!\nThe heart: This same study demonstrated that the benefits of intermittent fasting on cardiovascular cells were similar to those of regular physical activity, such as reducing blood pressure and the risk of coronary artery disease, for example.\nWhat the Intermittent Fasting brought me: Mentally ❤️\nWhether it is anxiety, depression or mood swings, intermittent fasting is a preventive but also a curative method against these mental illnesses, thanks to the neuronal regeneration mechanisms mentioned above, its reduction in inflammation and its repairing effect. on brain cells damaged by oxidation.\nThis is why since I started to fast, my state of mind has improved fundamentally and I have gained a lot of serenity and joie de vivre.\nAnd There you go ! Isn’t it surprising that this long list of benefits only costs a few hours of abstinence a day? So what are you waiting for to integrate intermittent fasting into the healthy habits of your life too?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.americanmedicallabs.com/test/reverse-t3/", "date": "2019-05-20T02:40:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232255536.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20190520021654-20190520043654-00181.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8897980451583862, "token_count": 178, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__137637427", "lang": "en", "text": "- Reverse Tri-iodothyronine\n- T3, Reverse\nReverse T3 measurement may be useful in evaluating the euthyroid sick patient with low T3 concentrations. Also useful in evaluating thyroid function and metabolism. Not to be confused with tri-iodothyronine.\nReverse T3 is derived almost completely from the peripheral monodeiodonization of thyroxine and has minimal physiological activity. T3 concentrations are elevated in acute or chronic diseases due to changes in peripheral rates of conversion of T4 to T3 and reverse T3. Several drugs such as glucocorticoids and amiodarone cause increased levels of reverse T3. Reverse T3 levels are elevated at birth and decline to normal levels by the first week of life. Measurement of reverse T3 may be of use in assessing thyroid function and metabolism in the newborn.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.shademarket.com/journal/2014/12/11/the-breakdown", "date": "2019-08-21T11:57:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315936.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20190821110541-20190821132541-00473.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9589682817459106, "token_count": 540, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-35", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__81860104", "lang": "en", "text": "Enter the supermarket and enter a place full of uncertainty and pitfalls. Claims of low fat, and reduced sodium pop out from the packed aisles in every color and shade. The 50% off sale on Cheetos vies for your attention. Economy size bags of neon candies scream out, \"Buy me!\" But you just went in there to find something good to eat. Traditionally we deal with this by picking up a package and reading the back. Nutrition facts can help inform our choice, but they don't show the whole picture. Fat from a grass-fed cow has vastly different nutritional value than fat from a corn-fed cow. In the nutrition facts, fat is fat, so there is no noticeable difference in nutrition value of 90% lean ground beef from either type of cow. When we look closer, we find that the chemical composition of the fat in each cow is where difference lies.\nFats are more than just the marbling in your steak. They are made up of a bond between three molecules of fatty acid and one molecule of glycerol. The result is a triglyceride, also known as fat for its high concentration of fatty acids. There are a wide variety of fatty acids that can be involved in this bond. Different types of fatty acids do different things in your body when they are digested. Two essential types of fatty acid --which can only be acquired from the food we eat-- are known as omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids. Omega-3s are known to increase the function of our cardiovascular system, thus reducing risk of heart disease. Omega-6 fatty acids, while vital to biological function, are being consumed at extremely unhealthy rates in the United States. Beef that is fed its natural diet of grass for its entire life contains four times more omega-3s than grain-fed beef, which contains virtually none. So, consuming grass-fed beef fat, rather than fat from grain fed cows, encourages a healthier ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids, which in turns promotes a healthy heart. But the nutrition fact just says \"fat\".\nThe key to personal nutrition, which is the key to a long and happy life, is understanding our body's building blocks. \"The Breakdown\" is a segment that Shade Market is introducing to de-mystify the conversation around nutrition. Why should we pay more for pasture-raised meats, eggs, and dairy? Why are some fats good and other fats not? What is complete protein? These are the types of questions \"The Breakdown\" was created to answer, in order to guide you to diet decisions that make you feel great", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.total-bile-acids.com/enzymatic-cycling-reaction/", "date": "2023-09-30T13:36:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510676.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930113949-20230930143949-00662.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9138490557670593, "token_count": 141, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__263338059", "lang": "en", "text": "Two reactions are combined in the new generation enzymatic cycling method. In the presence of Thio-NAD, the enzyme 3-α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-α-HSD) converts bile acids to 3-ketosteroids and Thio-NADH. The reaction is reversible and 3-α-HSD converts 3-ketosteroids and NADH to bile acids and NAD. In the presence of excess NADH, the enzyme cycling occurs efficiently and the rate of formation of Thio-NADH is determined by measuring the specific change of absorbance at 405 nm. This cycling reaction leads to significant signal amplification.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.toymachine.com/ed/newspost/8069/wed+june+8th++catalina+island/", "date": "2017-02-20T15:31:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501170569.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104610-00543-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9680328369140625, "token_count": 496, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-09__0__233925337", "lang": "en", "text": "We missed the flying fish festival last week in Avalon.\nWe hit the water after renting a boat from Joe's Rent-a-Boat\n. The sun was not yet fully out, but the growing light blue sky was reflecting off the dark blue Pacific.\nWe cruised by a quad of Harbor Seals sunning themselves on our way to find a nice spot to anchor and have a picnic.\nDuring our picnic up at Long Point / Pirates Cove, a lone seagull came to beg for scraps.\nThere was a whole bunch of Great Blue Herons\nflying around and fighting each other. We must be in the nesting grounds.\nThe rocks at Long Point, shot from our anchored boat.\nThen we weighed anchor and started heading back. We had already seen The Harbor Seals\n, and a bunch of Sea Lions\n, along with the usual suspects of GB Herons\n, Brandt's Cormorants\n, Brown Pelicans\n, and an Osprey\n. So now we were searching for some harder to find critters.\nThere we go. Deanna spotted one of the islands Bald Eagles sitting atop the cross near some Christian Camp. There are two great webcams pointed at two nests on Catalina Island. One has 3 young eagles.\nand the other one has one young eagle\nThere are 2 nesting pairs of Bald Eagles\non Catalina. We continued on our way and spotted some Leopard Sharks\nnear Gallagher Beach, between Frog Rock and Toyon Bay.\nWhile we were looking at Leopark Shark, I spotted some Dolphins and was off to get amongst them.\nWe cruise up, and the Common Dolphin\njust race to the front of our boat and turn sideways to check us out.\nThese guys were herding schools of fish by racing around in circles, and actually Sea Lions were in there helping them. They close the circle and then dart in and snatch up a fish, shredding it instantly, causing the hovering seagulls to all dive in and fight for scraps.\nIt was fascinating to be right in the middle of this, watching it all happen.\nYou can see them upside down all under our boat...\nA Sea Lion was taking part in the fish fest too.\nAfter our epic boat tour, we were tired, and walked around Avalon and Descanso.\nThen before the sun even set, we were back on the ferry home...", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://geturox.best/", "date": "2023-09-23T06:45:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506480.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20230923062631-20230923092631-00769.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9152408838272095, "token_count": 887, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__312409473", "lang": "en", "text": "The clinical picture of hematomyelia depends on the level of damage to the spinal cord and the size of the hemorrhage. Usually there is a sudden development of symptoms with an injury or after significant physical exertion (straining, lifting weights). In connection with the development of uroxatral inflammatory reaction, hematomyelia can occur with a rise in temperature in the first few days after hemorrhage. Most often, with hematomyelia, damage to the posterior horns of the spinal cord is noted, which is manifested by a violation of pain and temperature sensitivity while maintaining tactile and deep sensitivity, the pathways of which are located in the white matter of the posterior columns.\nWith damage to the anterior horns of the spinal cord, peripheral (flaccid) paralysis develops, accompanied by a decrease in muscle tone, prolapse of tendon reflexes and atrophic muscle changes. The defeat of the conductive pyramidal tract leads to the appearance of central (spastic) paralysis below the level of the lesion, which is characterized by an increase in muscle tone and tendon reflexes. Depending on the prevalence of hematomyelia, sensory and motor disorders can be unilateral or bilateral.\nHematomyelia at the level of the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord (CI-CIV) is distinguished by the spastic nature of paresis both in the upper and lower extremities. This is accompanied by a violation of urination according to the central type, i.e., urinary retention with intermittent incontinence. Possible radicular pain (sciatica) with irradiation to the back of the head.\nHematomyelia of the lower cervical segments (CV-CVII) and upper thoracic (ThI-ThII) is manifested by peripheral paresis in the arms and central paresis in the legs, sensory disorders and urination disorders. Miosis, drooping of alfuzosin pills, and enophthalmos (Horner's syndrome) may occur. Radicular pain is given to the upper limbs.\nHematomyelia of the thoracic segments (ThIII-ThXII) of the spinal cord is accompanied by central paresis of the lower extremities, urination disorder and girdles.lesions of certain segments of the spinal cord. motor and sensory disorders, dysfunction of the pelvic organs, radicular pain syndrome. The main method by which hematomyelia is diagnosed is MRI of the spinal cord. Hematomyelia is treated with conservative (coagulants, neostigmine, nootropics, galantamine, etc.) or surgical (removal of hematoma, embolization and clipping of vascular malformation) methods.\nHematomyelia is internal bleeding in which blood permeates the substance of uroxatral cord or accumulates in the form of a hematoma. In the first case, the outflow of blood spreads across the diameter of the spinal cord, causing the death of nervous tissue in the region of the anterior and posterior horns of the spinal cord, as well as compression of the motor and sensory pathways. In the second case, hematomyelia accompanied by the formation of a hematoma leads to compression of the brain structures and spinal roots.\nCauses of hematomyelia Symptoms of hematomyelia Diagnosis of hematomyelia Treatment of hematomyelia Prognosis of hematomyelia Prices for treatment. As a rule, hematomyelia leads to a partial lesion of the diameter of the spinal cord and is observed at the level of several spinal segments. Only in rare cases is it accompanied by a total lesion of the entire diameter of the spinal cord.\nHematomyelia may be accompanied by an outpouring of blood into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord (subarachnoid hemorrhage) and the formation of meningeal hematomas (subdural, epidural). After the bleeding stops, the outflowing blood is absorbed or a chronic hematoma is formed, which is distinguished by the presence of a capsule delimiting it. The spinal cells that died as a result of hematomyelia are not restored, but are replaced by glial tissue with the formation of cysts.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.tenerifevisits.com/en/tours/boat-trips/whale-watching/", "date": "2023-12-10T19:09:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679102637.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210190744-20231210220744-00097.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9283700585365295, "token_count": 580, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__302622436", "lang": "en", "text": "Whale and dolphin watching tours in Tenerife\nDiscover why whale and dolphin watching is one of Tenerife’s main attractions.\nTake a relaxing boat excursion along Costa de Adeje to see various species of whales and dolphins in their natural habitat.\nBookings, pick-ups and departures\nIf you are staying near Playa de las Américas, Los Cristianos, or in the Costa Adeje tourist area, we will inform you of the closest pick-up point to your accommodation where we will pick you up and drop you off at the end of the excursion. Don’t worry if you don’t know where it is; on the booking voucher we will tell you the pick up time and how to get to the pick up point from your accommodation. If you prefer to come on your own, we will tell you the port of departure, the name of the boat, and where it is located. When you make your booking, just let us know that you are coming on your own and we will let you know whether you will be departing from Puerto de los Cristianos, Puerto Colón or Los Gigantes.\nOn some tours, we suggest combining a boat trip to Los Gigantes with whale and dolphin watching.\nWhat kinds of whales and dolphins can we see?\nAlthough it is possible to encounter up to 21 different species to the southwest of Tenerife, you are most likely to see bottlenose dolphins and pilot whales as there are pods of these species residing between the coast of Tenerife and the nearby island of La Gomera. The abundance of cephalopods, the primary diet of dolphins, along with the tranquility and temperature of the water in this region, creates a paradise for some 300 dolphins and more than 400 pilot whales. It is estimated that pilot whales will be seen on 99% of the trips and bottlenose dolphins on more than 70% of the excursions.\nIt is also possible to encounter pods of spotted, striped and rough-toothed dolphins, fin whales, Risso’s dolphins, and sperm whales sporadically throughout the year. At certain times of the year, mainly in the winter and spring, there is a higher chance of seeing migratory species such as the common dolphin, the fin and northern fin whale and the false killer whale. Other types of marine mammals such as beaked whales and other species of dolphins, fin whales and killer whales are rarely seen.\nPlease note that it is strictly forbidden to swim with the whales and dolphins, touch them, feed them or sail too close.\nWe hope that, at the end of any of the excursions we offer for dolphin and whale watching, you leave feeling like you have experienced one of the best moments of your holidays in Tenerife.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.grapevinetexasusa.com/things-to-do/sea-life-aquarium/", "date": "2020-01-23T00:28:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250607596.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20200122221541-20200123010541-00407.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.875426173210144, "token_count": 262, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__145037160", "lang": "en", "text": "SEA LIFE Grapevine Aquarium\nYou’ve seen Finding Nemo a million times and record every show during Discovery Channel’s Shark Week. Study some of your sea friends up close and personal at this Grapevine aquarium.\nYou can see all forms of sea life, from starfish to seahorses and sharks to jellyfish, at this 45,000-square-foot aquarium. More than 30 displays housing more than 5,000 sea creatures, featuring both exotic saltwater and native freshwater sea life, anchor this two-story attraction. Don't forget to ask how you can feed live stingrays or gain access to special behind-the-scenes tours.\nThe Ultimate Octonauts Experience, featuring a team of undersea heroes from the hit animated TV series is now open! Visitors can take part in underwater missions to save the world’s oceans, while getting up-close with new and exciting sea creatures that include lionfish, hawkfish, angelfish and more.\n3000 Grapevine Mills Parkway\nGrapevine, Texas 76051\nMonday-Saturday: 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.\nSunday: 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.\n*Attraction closes 2 hours after last admission\nHoliday Hours when applicable", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://michaeldavidrawlings.blogspot.com/2013/03/supplemental-information.html", "date": "2018-06-25T17:47:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267868237.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20180625170045-20180625190045-00060.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9635456800460815, "token_count": 352, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__247096842", "lang": "en", "text": "An organism's genes are contained in its DNA (or in its RNA for many types of viruses, which, technically, are not organisms, at least not in any sense with respect to their dormant state). An organism's genome is the entirety of its hereditary information, consisting of both the genetic and the structural sequences of its combined DNA. The Oxford English Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. The genome is the master blueprint of an organism's essential design and dynamics.\nThe main difference between DNA and RNA is the sugar present in the molecules. While the sugar present in an RNA molecule is ribose, the sugar present in a molecule of DNA is deoxyribose. Deoxyribose is the same as ribose, except that the former has one more OH (oxygen-hydrogen group).\nDNA does not usually exist as a single molecule, but instead as a tightly-associated pair of molecules. These two long strands entwine like vines, in the shape of a double helix. This arrangement of DNA strands is called antiparallel. The asymmetric ends of DNA strands are referred to as the 5′ (five prime) and 3′ (three prime) ends. One of the major differences between DNA and RNA is the sugar, with 2-deoxyribose being replaced by the alternative pentose sugar ribose in RNA. The four bases found in DNA are adenine (abbreviated A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). A fifth pyrimidine base, called uracil (U), usually takes the place of thymine in RNA and differs from thymine by lacking a methyl group on its ring.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://purestorebd.com/product/stretch-marks-lotion-for-pregnancy-skin-care/", "date": "2024-04-17T18:26:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817171.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417173445-20240417203445-00848.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9449573755264282, "token_count": 1929, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__47853892", "lang": "en", "text": "How to get rid of stretch marks.\nUp to 90% of women will develop stretch marks during their pregnancy[i]. For some, they’re a badge of honour, a sign that your body has achieved something incredible by creating new life.\nBut while there’s nothing medically or even physically wrong with stretch marks, many women feel self-conscious about them, and look for ways to get rid of stretch marks. In a recent survey, almost three in five (58%) of women reported being concerned about stretch marks.\nWhat are stretch marks?\nStretch marks, or as they are medically known, striae, are caused during a period of rapid growth in the body that stretches the skin.\nThey commonly occur during pregnancy as your body grows and changes in preparation for the arrival of your baby.\nThe surface layer of skin is called the epidermis, and the layer beneath that is the dermis, which contains bundles of collagen and elastin. Collagen and elastin help give our skin strength and elasticity.\nAs your baby grows and your skin stretches, the collagen bundles in the dermis layer can tear away from each other, allowing underlying blood vessels to show through. This causes stretch marks to appear as pink, red, purple or brown marks on the top layer of skin.\nWhere can you get stretch marks?\nStretch marks can appear almost anywhere on the body that experiences fast growth. During pregnancy they often appear on the stomach, thighs, buttocks, arms, breasts and hips, but they’re most common on the belly area.\n70% of women surveyed had developed stretch marks on the stomach, 55% on the thighs, and 51% on the hips. 32% had them on the bottom, while 22% had stretch marks on the chest.\nAlthough the bottom and chest are the least common areas for women to get stretch marks, they are also the areas women are most concerned about, with 79% concerned about stretch marks on the bottom and 76% concerned about them on the chest area.\nWho is more likely to develop stretch marks?\nAnyone can develop stretch marks, including men, but pregnant women are more susceptible. Over two thirds (69%) of women surveyed had stretch marks from pregnancy. 54% had developed stretch marks due to weight gain, and 22% from puberty.\nDuring pregnancy, the body produces hormones that reduce collagen production and break down elastin fibres in your skin. These hormones also attract more water into the skin, which relaxes the bonds between collagen fibres and means the skin is more prone to tearing when experiencing rapid growth as the baby develops.\nYoung mothers, those with a higher BMI, and women who gain over 15kg in weight during pregnancy are more likely to develop stretch marks during pregnancy. [ii] Some women are also more genetically predisposed to develop stretch marks.\nDifferent types of stretch marks\nThe medical community uses several terms to describe different types of stretch marks.\nPregnancy stretch marks are known as striae gravidarum. This term is used to describe the scarring of skin on the abdominal area, which often occurs as the baby grows rapidly in the final trimester of pregnancy.\nWhen stretch marks first appear as purple, red or pink lesions, they are knowns as striae rubra. Over time the colouration fades and the marks become pale white or silvery lines, they are then known as striae alba.\nStages of stretch marks during pregnancy\nEarly stretch marks will appear pink in colour, and they may be itchy. The skin around them will look thin and flattened. Early stretch marks may appear any time during pregnancy, but usually once your bump begins to become more noticeable.\nGradually the stretch marks will grow longer and widen, and turn a brighter pink, red, or purple. This often happens in the final trimester of pregnancy, as your belly stretches to fit your growing baby.\nIn the months after pregnancy, once the stretch marks have matured and begun to heal, they will lose their colouration and start to fade to pale white or silver. They might also appear slightly depressed, and pucker or become irregular in their shape.\nCan you get rid of stretch marks?\nStretch marks will fade and become less noticeable as they heal over time, but many women feel self-conscious about theirs and look for stretch mark removal treatments. If you’re looking for ways to get rid of stretch marks, there are a variety of options available.\nTouted by some as a wonder beauty treatment in recent years, glycolic acid is used in a wide range of skincare products. Although the name may sound a little scary, glycolic acid is a naturally occurring substance derived from plants such as sugar cane, pineapple and sugar beet.\nWhen applied topically it exfoliates the topmost layer of dead skin cells, revealing healthy skin cells below. Glycolic acid is often used to treat scarring, skin discolouration and signs of ageing, as it helps encourage the production of new skin cells. However, glycolic acid can take some getting used to. People can experience redness or peeling after the first few applications, and it may aggravate sensitive skin.\nFractional laser treatment may be another effective way to treat stretch marks. The non-surgical procedure uses pulses of fractional laser light to reduce the appearance of stretch marks.\nThe treatment claims to helps stimulate collagen and elastin production in the dermal layer of skin where stretch marks form. Laser treatment may help reduce the appearance of striae rubra and help to smooth striae alba.\nThe procedure takes around 30 minutes and is relatively painless, but it can be expensive as repeat treatments are usually required to see significant results and must always be conducted by a trained professional and under the supervision of a doctor.\nPalmer’s is not qualified to give medical advice and would always recommend consulting a medical professional before commencing treatment with glycolic acid or laser therapy.\nStretch mark creams or lotions\nApplying stretch mark creams and lotions are another popular way to treat stretchmarks. Unlike glycolic acid, creams and lotions are soothing to the skin, and unlike laser treatment they are easily affordable for most women.\nAlmost half (47%) of women surveyed had used a specialist stretch mark cream or lotion as a preventative measure before developing stretch marks, while 41% had used a cream or lotion to treat stretch marks after they had developed.\nStretch mark removal cream or lotion helps to improve skin elasticity, preventing further stretch marks from forming while reducing the appearance of existing stretch marks. It is effective with both new and older stretch marks but achieves better results if used pre-emptively or as soon as you notice stretch marks appearing.\nOf those who used stretch mark creams or lotions as a preventative measure, a third (33%) reported that it prevented them from developing stretch marks. In total, 85% of women found specialist stretch mark cream or lotion to be effective at preventing and treating stretch marks.\nUnlike many other brands, Palmer’s Cocoa Butter Formula for Stretch Marks has an enhanced formula specially formulated for pregnancy, made with natural ingredients that have amazing benefits in preventing and removing stretch marks. Over 98% of women saw improved skin elasticity when using Palmer’s Stretch Marks products. *\nNatural ingredients and their benefits\nCocoa butter naturally offers an incredible match for skin’s structure as it melts at skin temperature and matches skin’s oil balance. It also contains powerful antioxidants called polyphenols, which have a broad range of skin benefits including fighting skin degeneration, improving collagen production, and improving skin elasticity and skin tone.\nShea butter contains naturally occurring vitamin A and vitamin E and is known for aiding a range of skin conditions, from blemishes and wrinkles to dermatitis and stretch marks. Shea butter has also been found to boost collagen production.\nArgan oil is another popular skincare product thanks to its non-greasy texture and quick absorption. Argan oil has a naturally high vitamin E and fatty acid content, meaning it increases skin elasticity, hydrates skin and helps to prevent moisture loss.\nCollagen and elastin\nOur stretch mark cream contains collagen and elastin. These naturally occurring proteins found within the dermis and epidermis layers of skin are crucial to skin health and healing, and help to promote soft, supple skin.\nLutein is a nutrient found in green leafy vegetables and egg yolk. It promotes skin health and appearance by increasing skin hydration and elasticity.\nNo nasty ingredients\nThe new improved formula is free from synthetic vitamin A, mineral oils, parabens, phthalates, phenoxyethanol, artificial dyes, fragrances or allergens, so it’s gentle and safe for your skin and your growing baby.\nTry the range of Palmer’s Cocoa Butter Formula for Stretch Marks to help get rid of stretch marks during and after your pregnancy. Tummy Butter for Stretch Marks, Massage Lotion for Stretch Marks and Massage Cream for Stretch Marks.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.math.tamu.edu/~glahodny/", "date": "2020-10-21T16:51:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107876768.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20201021151342-20201021181342-00120.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.708566427230835, "token_count": 839, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__195677854", "lang": "en", "text": "Glenn Lahodny Jr.\nE-mail: glahodny [AT] math.tamu.edu\nOffice: Blocker 211C\nOffice Hours: TR 12:30 pm - 2:00 pm or by appointment\nCurriculum Vita:Current Vita\n- Ph.D., Mathematics, Texas Tech University, 2012\n- M.S., Mathematics, Texas Tech University, 2010\n- B.A., Mathematics, Texas Tech University, 2007\nCurrent Semester (Summer 2019)\n- Math 147 - Calculus I for Biological Sciences (Fall 2014 - Spring 2017)\n- Math 148 - Calculus II for Biological Sciences (Spring 2015, 2016, 2017, Fall 2018)\n- Math 151 - Engineering Mathematics I (Fall 2014)\n- Math 152 - Engineering Mathematics II (Spring 2014)\n- Math 251 - Engineering Mathematics III (Fall 2013)\n- Math 308 - Differential Equations (Summer 2016, 2017, 2018, Fall 2017, 2018, Spring 2018, 2019)\n- Math 442 - Mathematical Modeling (Spring 2015)\n- Math 469 - Introduction to Mathematical Biology (Spring 2018)\nMy primary research interest is mathematical modeling of biological systems. Specifically, the development, analysis, and simulation of deterministic and stochastic models in describing population and epidemic dynamics. The models may involve difference equations, ordinary differential equations, discrete-time or continuous-time Markov chains, branching processes, or stochastic differential equations.\n- W. Beauvais et al., The prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 fecal shedding in feedlot pens is affected by the water-to-cattle ratio: A randomized controlled trial, PLoS ONE 13:2 (2018) e0192149.\n- G.E. Lahodny Jr., R. Gautam, and R. Ivanek, Understanding the effects of intermittent shedding on the transmission of infectious diseases: example of salmonellosis in pigs, Journal of Biological Dynamics 11:1 (2017) pp. 436-460.\n- E.F. Daut, G. Lahodny Jr., M.J. Peterson, and R. Ivanek, Interacting effects of Newcastle Disease transmission and illegal trade on a wild population of white-winged parakeets in Peru: a modeling approach, PLoS ONE 11:1 (2016) e0147517.\n- R. Ivanek and G. Lahodny Jr., From the bench to modeling - R0 at the interface between empirical and theoretical approaches in epidemiology of environmentally transmitted infectious diseases Preventative Veterinary Medicine 118:2-3 (2015) pp. 196-206.\n- G.E. Lahodny Jr., R. Gautam, and R. Ivanek, Estimating the probability of an extinction or major outbreak for an environmentally transmitted infectious disease, Journal of Biological Dynamics 9:1 (2015) pp. 128-155.\n- R. Gautam, G. Lahodny Jr., M. Bani-Yaghoub, and R. Ivanek, Understanding the role of cleaning in the control of Salmonella Typhimurium in grower-finisher pigs: a modelling approach, Epidemiology and Infection 142:5 (2014) pp. 1034-1049.\n- L.-I. W. Roeger and G. Lahodny Jr., Dynamically consistent discrete Lotka-Volterra competition systems, Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 19:2 (2013) pp. 191-200.\n- G.E. Lahodny Jr. and L.J.S. Allen, Probability of a disease outbreak in stochastic multipatch epidemic models, Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 75:7 (2013) pp. 1157-1180.\n- L.J.S. Allen and G.E. Lahodny Jr., Extinction thresholds in deterministic and stochastic epidemic models, Journal of Biological Dynamics 6:2 (2012) pp. 590-611.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.hcura.org/about_ncrc/ncrc-2012/2013/", "date": "2016-05-31T11:57:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-22/segments/1464051299749.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20160524005459-00098-ip-10-185-217-139.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9430556297302246, "token_count": 380, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-22__0__105487545", "lang": "en", "text": "THE NATIONAL COLLEGIATE RESEARCH CONFERENCE AT HARVARD\nTowards an Interdisciplinary Approach to Research\nHarvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA\nOur mission is to provide best platform for undergraduates from across the nation to share their research.\nA decade into the twenty-first century, it is becoming increasingly evident that collaboration between researchers from disparate backgrounds is a vital component in the continued growth of science. The Human Genome Project was completed with Francis Collins and Eric Lander, two former physicists, at its head, and an increased interest in earth-like planets has raised intriguing questions about chemical composition and other life forms that concerns astrophysicists, chemists, and biologists. Additionally, the rise of inherently interdisciplinary fields such as nanotechnology and bioinformatics have aided in the growth of this phenomenon.\nAlthough this progression may appear sudden, scientists have been applying their knowledge of unrelated fields to solve critical questions science the inception of the scientific method. Francis Crick was a physicist interested in the structure of DNA when he made the famous discovery of the double helical structure of DNA together with James Watson. Galileo used physics to explore the stars and wielded philosophy to combat the theologians of his day. As we move forward, we need to challenge the scientists of the next generation to think of and implement interdisciplinary approaches in their research.\nThe National Collegiate Research Conference (NCRC) will bring together a host of budding minds and established research scientists to explore this theme together in a three-day dialogue that will address the challenges and opportunities that face participants in the current research environment. How can we apply techniques developed for modeling neural networks more broadly? What crucial questions lie at the juncture between chemistry and physics or between biology and computer science? The future of how we explore science will hinge on our answers to some of these vital questions.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://neurology.mcgill.ca/mcpherson_p.html", "date": "2019-03-25T04:09:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912203548.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20190325031213-20190325053213-00091.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8526880741119385, "token_count": 144, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__212293687", "lang": "en", "text": "of clinical expertise/research interests:\nThe laboratory of Dr. Peter S. McPherson, James McGill Professor uses biochemical, molecular, structural and cellular approaches to identify and functionally characterize proteins that function in membrane trafficking in neurons. A number of the proteins identified in the McPherson laboratory have been linked to neurological diseases including schizophrenia, Huntington's disease, hereditary spastic paraplegias (ALS-like), and autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS). Indeed, dysregulation of membrane trafficking is emerging as a central theme in neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the cell biological basis of neurological disease is a focus of the laboratory.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://legalknowitall.com/the-science-and-limitations-of-forensic-dna-analysis-a-case-study/", "date": "2024-04-22T03:23:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818072.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422020223-20240422050223-00229.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9612483978271484, "token_count": 527, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__10570332", "lang": "en", "text": "In recent years, forensic science has made significant strides, particularly in the field of DNA analysis. From solving cold cases to identifying suspects in recent crimes, DNA analysis has proven to be a powerful tool in the criminal justice system. However, despite its advancements, there are still limitations and challenges that can impact its effectiveness. This article will delve into the science behind forensic DNA analysis, its capabilities, and its limitations, using two contrasting scenarios as case studies.\nThe Power of Forensic DNA Analysis\nForensic DNA analysis involves extracting and analyzing DNA from physical evidence to identify a suspect or victim. This process has become increasingly sophisticated over the years, allowing forensic scientists to extract DNA from a wide range of sources, including blood, saliva, hair, and even skin cells left behind on objects.\nOne notable example of the power of forensic DNA analysis is the ability to match decade-old DNA left on a pizza. In this scenario, the DNA could have been left behind from saliva or skin cells when the person ate the pizza. Despite the age of the DNA, if it was preserved well – for example, if the pizza was stored in a cool, dry place – it could still be analyzed and matched to a suspect.\nThe Limitations of Forensic DNA Analysis\nDespite its power, forensic DNA analysis is not infallible. There are several factors that can limit its effectiveness, including the quality and quantity of the DNA sample, the conditions in which the sample was stored, and the presence of substances that can degrade DNA.\nFor instance, consider the hypothetical scenario of finding who left cocaine in the White House. While it might seem straightforward to simply analyze the DNA on the cocaine, there are several challenges. First, cocaine is a powdery substance, which makes it difficult to obtain a good DNA sample. Second, the cocaine could have been handled by multiple people, resulting in a mix of DNA that can be challenging to analyze. Finally, certain substances, including some types of drugs, can degrade DNA, making it difficult to obtain a usable sample.\nForensic DNA analysis is a powerful tool in the criminal justice system, capable of extracting and analyzing DNA from a wide range of sources. However, it is not without its limitations. Factors such as the quality and quantity of the DNA sample, the conditions in which the sample was stored, and the presence of substances that can degrade DNA can all impact the effectiveness of DNA analysis. As forensic science continues to advance, it will be interesting to see how these challenges are addressed and overcome.\nAs an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases through some links in our articles.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kafu-academic-journal.info/journal/4/95/", "date": "2022-08-13T14:57:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571959.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813142020-20220813172020-00027.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9150749444961548, "token_count": 3838, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__9660895", "lang": "en", "text": "Study of the features of livestock sector growth of the world market\nTable of contents: The Kazakh-American Free University Academic Journal №4 - 2012\nKonurbayeva Zhadyra, East Kazakhstan State Technical University in honor of D. Serikbayev, Kazakhstan\nZakimova Alfiya, East Kazakhstan State Technical University in honor of D. Serikbayev, Kazakhstan\nRakhimberdinova Madina, East Kazakhstan State Technical University in honor of D. Serikbayev, Kazakhstan\nAgriculture is considered to be one of the major sectors of the\nglobal economy. It is aimed to provide population with foodstuff and to supply\nlight and food processing industry with raw materials. That is the only sector\nof material production which depends upon natural conditions.\nHowever, its significance in the economy of different countries and\nregions varies much. The geography of agriculture has an extraordinary\ndiversity of forms of production and agrarian relations. All of them can be united\nin two groups:\n- Commodity agriculture is characterized by high efficiency,\nintensive development, a high level of differentiation;\n- Consumer agriculture is characterized by low efficiency, extensive\ndevelopment, and lack of differentiation.\nAgriculture of developed countries is characterized by sharp\npredominance of commercial agriculture based on mechanization, chemicals,\nbiotechnology, advanced selection methods. Agriculture in developing countries\nis plural and includes a traditional sector (mainly crop area with small farms)\nand a modern one (commodity agriculture with well-organized plantations and\nLivestock is a most important branch of agriculture providing\npopulation with high-protein and health food, and a number of industries with raw\nmaterials. Livestock industry provides 45% of total production, accumulates 75%\nof fixed production assets and 70% of manpower resources in agriculture,\nlivestock value is also determined by the fact that it produces the most\nrelevant and biologically valuable products in the human diet .\nLivestock affords valuable raw materials for the industry: wool,\nleather, lambskin, etc. The development of livestock sector can make productive\nuse of agricultural labor and material resources in the course of the year.\nCrop sector waste is used in livestock, valuable organic fertilizer such as\nmanure and slurry are produced.\nThe main task in the livestock industry is to create proper\nconditions for manufacturing of products whose volume and quality conform to\npopulation size and nutritional standards and whose prices ensure profitability\nof their production and commensurability with the size of most people’s income.\nIn the past the main objective was to get more products, however now the main\ncriterion of the industry is to achieve competitiveness and breakeven.\nLivestock as a branch of agriculture is developing almost worldwide.\nThe deployment of its branches depends first of all on the food reserve.\nThe contrasts in the development of animal husbandry over the world\nbetween developed and developing countries are even more than those in farming.\nAnimal husbandry comprises the following subsectors:\n- livestock (cattle-breeding);\n- poultry keeping;\n- deer farming;\n- fur animal breeding;\n- bee keeping.\nCattle, pigs, sheep and poultry are the main subsectors among them.\nThe significance of cattle-breeding (1.3 billion animals per year)\nis in providing almost all the milk and more than one third of meat. The\nlargest total number of livestock abroad is in Asia and Latin America.\nThere are three main areas in cattle-breeding:\n- Dairy cattle (characteristic of densely populated areas of Europe\nand North America);\n- Meat and dairy cattle (characteristic of forest and forest-steppe\n- Meat cattle (characteristic of dry areas of temperate and\nsubtropical zones). India, Argentina, Brazil, the USA, China, and Russia have the largest number of cattle.\nCattle-breeding is spread relatively evenly through the world but\nits levels of productivity and differentiation vary in different zones. Meat\nand dairy cattle are ranched in forest and steppe temperate zones. Dairy cattle\nprevail with stalled and mixed keeping of cattle in suburban and other\nhighly-populated areas. In arid zones with migratory cattle-breeding meat\ncattle predominate. Most of the livestock population (almost 60%) is in\nPig breeding is considered to be the most dynamic sector of the\nlivestock (more than 0.8 million head per year). Advance in the development of\nthis sector promoted the fact that pork became cheaper than beef. Pig breeding\nis available everywhere. In Muslim countries there are practically no pigs for\nreligious reasons. This sector is close to densely populated areas and areas with\nintensive potato and sugar beet growing. Chine is the first country in the\nnumber of pigs (almost half of the world total) followed by the U.S., Russia, Germany, and Brazil.\nSheep farming is the third leading livestock industry, producing\nwool, astrakhan fur, sheepskin, meat, fat, and milk. This is one of the most\ntraditional and extensive production in agriculture.\nSheep breeding (1.2 billion head per year) prevails in the countries\nand areas with extensive pastures. While fine-wooled sheep breeding is most\noften found in areas with an arid climate and in the steppe and semi-desert,\nsemi fine-wooled sheep breeding, meat and wool sheep breeding prevail in areas\nwith humid and mild climate. Steppe regions of Australia are the world's\nlargest area of sheep breeding.\nSheep farming predominates in the countries and areas with extensive\npastures. Several breeds of sheep are grown for different purposes. Australia and New Zealand have the largest number of sheep. Sheep breeding falls into meat and wool,\nwooly and fat-rumped sheep. Wooly sheep farming is subdivided into fine-wooled,\nsemi fine-wooled and astrakhan. Fine-wooled farming developed in arid and\nsemiarid regions (China, Argentina, Iran, and Uzbekistan) provides the highest\nquality fine-wool. Central and Western Asia are suppliers of valuable astrakhan\n(newborn sheep skins).\nGoat breeding is close to sheep breeding. Generally it has local\nsignificance, except Angora goats breeding giving mohair.\nPoultry farming is one of the most fast developing livestock\nindustries. Highly mechanized poultry farms for eggs and poultry are located\nnot far from cities and major grain producing areas.\nFishing is a very ancient craft of mankind. Currently it is an\nimportant sector of the world economy. In freshwater 0.1 of the world fish\ncatch is fished out, the rest part is got in the oceans and seas.\nMany countries develop fishery as a sector. But nearly half the\nworld's fish catch is produced by six countries such as Japan, China, Russia, the USA, Chile, and Peru. The disastrous decline in industrial fish reserves\nin the ocean promotes fish farming development.\nThis means also fish farming and increasing and improving the\nquality of fish stocks in natural waters (various species of sturgeon, salmon,\nand herring), and in special artificial reservoirs (bream, carp, crucian carp,\netc.). Japan has the most significant advances in fish farming and growing\nThere are other narrow prominent sectors of livestock such as camel\nbreeding, horse breeding, reindeer breeding, bombycid growing, rabbit breeding,\nbee keeping, and fur animal breeding.\nThe leaders of livestock production are economically developed\ncountries; the USA, China and Russia are leading producers of meat, Russia,\nGermany, France are leading producers of butter, and the USA, India, Russia are\nthe leaders of dairy industry.\nThe main exporters of livestock products are:\n- Poultry – France, the USA, the Netherlands;\n- Mutton – New Zealand, Australia, Great Britain;\n- Pork - the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Canada;\n- Beef – Australia, Germany, France;\n- Butter - the Netherlands, Finland, and Germany;\n- Wool – Australia, New Zealand, Argentine .\nChina has an average of 58.8 pounds of meat per person, which is high even for the world average. According to the Ministry\nof Agriculture of China its livestock sector achieved a stable delivery of\nmilk, meat and eggs to the domestic market for five years from 2005 to 2010.\nIn 2010 meat production was 78.5 tons, milk production was more than\n37 tons, and egg production reached 28 tons. For five years, the growth\nperformance of milk production was 31%, meat and eggs - 13%. China has 21 pounds of eggs per capita, which exceeds the relevant data of any developed country.\nIn 2010 the number of pig and dairy farms among agricultural\nenterprises of this sector was 66% and 47% respectively. These figures\nincreased more than 20% in comparison with 2005.\nOver the last five years from 2005 to 2010 no state has allocated so\nmuch money to maintain and expand existing pastures as China. During this time the area of pastures increased by more than half. Expanding the\nnatural forage for livestock is a breakthrough .\nTable 1 - Geographic segmentation by\nlivestock exporting countries \n|Livestock products and live cattle\n||Main exporting countries\n|Beef and veal\n||Australia, Germany, Finland, New Zealand, Ireland, the Netherlands, the USA, Hungary\n||The Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Canada, Hungary\n||New Zealand, Australia, Great Britain\n||France, the USA, the Netherlands, Brazil\n||Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, Uruguay, the Republic of South Africa\n||Brazil, Argentina, Mexico\n||Ethiopia, China, the Netherlands, Canada\n|Sheep and goats\n||Australia, Turkey, Somalia, Ethiopia\nThe Table clearly characterizes the international trade of livestock\nproducts. It describes the leading position of the mature economies in trade\nand these are the first-rate exporters of meat and wool products. The\npercentage of the developing countries is somewhat higher in live cattle trade.\nLivestock is a secondary sector in the most developing countries\nwhile it dominates over farming and is notable for intensive farming in the\nmost developed countries. Industrialization, food supply improvement and\nprogress in selection work in the developed countries promoted higher\nproductivity in their livestock sector. Because of the common problems of\nlivestock and farming in the developed countries e.g. economic glut, the governments\nof these countries pursue the policy of containment and cutback in production.\nEconomically developed countries are far ahead in absolute\nindicators of developing livestock production. This is due to the lower\nproductivity of livestock in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Suffice it to say\nthat they produce only 25% of the world beef and 14% of milk.\nFigure 1 – World dynamics of production by\ncountry for 2009 and 2010 (KZT million)\nPer capita indicators of livestock products in the developed\ncountries tend to be many times higher. Especially there are small countries\nwith a highly intensive livestock sector (New Zealand, the Netherlands). But countries with smaller population such as Australia and with more extensive\nlivestock might also have high per capita indicators.\nLivestock is as widespread as crops, and grasslands and pastures\noccupy three times more land than agricultural land in the structure of land.\nThe bulk of the country's livestock production comes from the temperate zone.\nThe geography of the world livestock is characterized by cattle\nDifferent countries have a diverse level of livestock sector\ndevelopment. In advanced developed countries e.g. Europe, North America, Japan,\nand former socialist countries with transition economy e.g. Central Europe and\nCIS countries, the livestock sector is a highly intensive and mechanized\nindustry based on the same intensive and mechanized feed production. Its main\nsubsectors are dairy cattle breeding, stalled breeding of cattle for meat,\nswine breeding, and highly mechanized poultry breeding.\nThe livestock in these countries is a highly marketable sector\nclosely related to processing and value chain of agriculture. However, in the\ncountries with large pastures, livestock combines features of extensive\nproduction (but well technically equipped) associated with the other components\nof the agricultural sector. Pastures are used to grow cattle for meat, and to\nbreed sheep. This is a characteristic of South-West of the USA, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and to the less extent the South of Ukraine and Russia, Kazakhstan, etc.\nAn extensive livestock using grazing and very little related to\nother branches of the agriculture sector has been formed in developing\ncountries. There are the most developed subsectors such as meat cattle, meat\nand dairy cattle breeding (with cattle less productive in comparison with\nEurope or the U.S.), grazing sheep, horse breeding in some areas, camel\nAmong developing countries, the most total number of livestock for\nmeat is in Latin America (Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Uruguay) and East Africa\n(Ethiopia), of sheep and goats - in South West and South Asia (Iran, Turkey,\nDeveloping countries are going to increase wool production volume in\nthe near future. Kazakhstan, India, Russia, China, and Turkey don’t process the whole amount of wool up to now. Only streamlining the collection and\nclassification of wool will promote the growth of the total production of wool.\nTraditional leaders in wool production, however, will reduce the\nproduction of wool, as the market is saturated and overstocked with the\nproducts. Prices for the input wool are very low in the world market, and close\nto the price of production. Traditional leaders will cut down livestock\npopulation, and shift from wool to meat and dairy farming.\nLand in Europe is constantly becoming more expensive, and requires\nthe maintenance of sheep grazing, so the number of sheep and wool production in\nEurope will continue to decline.\n2 - Forecast of production of pure wool, by country, 2009-2014 (KZT, thousand) Source: International Wool Textile\nProduction of pure wool will increase stably in developing\ncountries, where state supports its farmers and home processing of raw\nWool production is also influenced by weather conditions. Weather\naffects more sheep than beef cattle. In recent years, unstable weather in Australia and South America also prompted breeders to reduce the number of sheep.\nLarge foreign buyers of wool, such as China and India, require large volumes of supply and prefer to work with traditional suppliers, New Zealand and Austr alia with established inexpensive marine logistics. European countries also\nprefer to work with reliable suppliers who provide carefully selected and\nThe number of people in the world grows to\nabout 70-80 million people a year. Never have so many people lived at the same\ntime in the world. If you consider agriculture and food, everyone tends to\nincrease consuming, and therefore relative consuming increases together with\nabsolute consuming due to population upsurge.\n3 - Forecast of pure wool exports, by country, 2009-2014 (KZT, thousand)\nSource: United Nations Statistical Division\nAccordingly, more food will need to be produced by the same amount\nof land (or even by a smaller area) in the XXI century worldwide. Recent\nstudies of future demand indicate that the world will have needed 70-100% more\nfood by 2050.\nWhen asked “What should be done to provide 10 billion food?” Ida\nKubiszewski, professor at the University of Portland, the editor of The\nSolutions journal replied that there is absolutely enough food supply in the world\ntoday but about 30 to 50% of food in both developed and developing countries is\nwasted, though for very different reasons.\nIn developing countries, the loss is mainly due to the lack of\ninfrastructure in the production chain, such as storage technology of food\nproduced by farms, during transporting, storage prior to sale. Huge losses\nduring storage are typical for developing countries, such as India, where 35-40% of fresh produce is lost because neither wholesale stores nor retail outlets are\nequipped with refrigerators.\nThough rice can be stored without any special equipment there are\nits losses in South East Asia. So after harvest about a third of the crop is\ngoing to be lost due to pests and spoiling.\nIn developed countries, the food losses up to the retail stage are\nmuch lower, but the losses during retail trade, public catering and individual\nconsumption are significant. For example, consumers are used to buying good\nlooking products and, consequently, retailers have to throw a lot of edible,\nbut slightly damaged products. For consumers in developed countries food is\nrelatively cheap, which also promotes producing waste.\nThe world faces a triple problem in the XXI century from the point\nof view of world food security:\na) to satisfy growing demand for food;\nb) to ensure sustainable food security in terms of the environment;\nc) to cope with the problem of hunger.\n1. http://be5. biz/ ekonomika1/ r2011/ 1298. htm\n2. http://www. grandars. ru/\nshkola/ geografiya/ zhivotnovodstvo. Html\nTable of contents: The Kazakh-American Free University Academic Journal №4 - 2012", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://isourwatersafe.com/fluoridegate-an-american-tragedy/", "date": "2020-02-24T22:18:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145981.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20200224193815-20200224223815-00199.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8957468271255493, "token_count": 310, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__101888344", "lang": "en", "text": "David Kennedy, DDS, of the International Academy of Oral Medicine & Toxicology, has produced a wonderfully informative feature documentary on the topic of water fluoridation. The documentary is entitled, Fluoridegate – An American Tragedy, and calls upon numerous scientific authorities to tell the truth about fluoridation.\nA partial list of the scientists and academics featured in the video include:\n- Boyd E. Haley, PhD., Professor Emeritus University of Kentucky\n- Robert Carton, PhD., – Retired Scientist from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)\n- J. William Hirzy, PhD., Former EPA Senior Scientist\n- William Marcus, PhD., Board Certified Toxicologist and EPA Senior Science Advisor (retired)\n- Yolanda Whyte, M.D., Pediatrician\n- Daniel G. Stockin, M.P.H.\n- Roger D. Masters, PhD., Professor Emeritus at Dartmouth College\nFluoride is not a nutrient. In fact, the evidence is irrefutable, that Fluoride is extremely toxic, interfering with many human biological functions. Fluoride is implicated in such things as osteosarcoma (bone cancer), kidney disease, thyroid disorders, and even infant mortality. By interfering with kidney function, Fluoride may even contribute to the onset of type 2 diabetes.\nInstead of promoting dental health, Fluoride actually causes adverse health effects, including Dental Fluorosis, learning disabilities and even diminished mental acuity (IQ).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.mwbioprocessing.com/", "date": "2020-08-07T01:21:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439737050.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20200807000315-20200807030315-00450.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.925236701965332, "token_count": 208, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__122085645", "lang": "en", "text": "Rare Sugars, Biochemicals, Biocatalysts, and Bioprocessing Solutions\nContact us for Custom Glycans and Activated Sugars\nPharmaceutical products that incorporate sugars and glycochemicals have tremendous therapeutic potential. In the past rare and modified glycochemical building blocks have been difficult to synthesize or prohibitively expensive to source. The proprietary zuCarb™ technology platform allows us to affordably provide rare sugars, sugar phosphates and activated sugars. In addition to those listed in our current catalog we can often produce custom sugars of interest unique to your project.\nOligosaccharides are key components involved in many cellular processes and also serve as attachment sites for bacteria and viruses for entry into the cell. Both natural and synthetic oligosaccharides have potential therapeutic applications. The zuCarb™ technology platform allows us to produce a wide variety of oligosaccharides that have previously been difficult or impossible to obtain using traditional chemistry. Contact us for your custom needs.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ecologymatters539562032.wordpress.com/2021/01/18/corals-in-crisis-the-plastic-pandemic-surging-through-our-seas/", "date": "2022-11-30T01:00:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710712.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20221129232448-20221130022448-00330.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9618154168128967, "token_count": 1719, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__229759817", "lang": "en", "text": "This was a piece I wrote recently for a module assignment at uni, it was the assignment that inspired me to start this blog so it seems only right to have it as my first post- my starting block.\nCorals are one of the most fascinating global phenomena. Made up of tiny colonial organisms to create over 1,000 species that cluster together all over the world, they form the bursts of life that so many coastal communities depend on; our coral reefs. But the human race is putting these habitats at risk of extinction. Everyone knows our plastic waste threatens marine animals like turtles and seabirds, but the extent to which plastic is really polluting our planet is greater than many of us imagine. The fact of the matter is that corals are 20 times more likely to become infected with disease in the presence of marine litter. Furthermore, corals have been found to actively ingest small bits of plastic, potentially increasing their disease risk again. It’s time for us to clean up our mess.\nA 2018 study by Lamb et al., published in Science Journal, unveiled an alarming new threat to our most biodiverse ecosystems. Plastic as a transmitter of disease. The study looked at 159 reefs in the Asia-Pacific region from 2011 to 2014, sampling plastic greater than 5cm in length. They found a third of reefs in this region to have plastic debris. Indonesian reefs had an average of 25.6 plastic items per 100m2, whereas Australian reefs had an average of 0.4 per 100m2. It was this stark difference that first inspired Joleah Lamb, a marine disease ecologist who led the research team, to study the disease implications of plastic abundance on coral reefs. The study concluded that this presence of plastic increased the likelihood of disease from 4% to 89%- a factor of 20! These are the reasons why.\nPlastics make corals 20 times more likely to become infected with disease.\nHumans put 11 billion tonnes of plastic in the ocean every year. This is largely due to poor waste management and ranges from cigarette butts, bottles and bags, to large fishing nets discarded at sea. A 2018 study by the US’ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) showed lifespans of these range from 1.5 to 600 years. When in the ocean, algae and micro-organisms attach to the plastic, creating what scientists call a biofilm. This biofilm includes pathogens which are viruses and bacteria. The problem is that attaching to such objects prolongs the lifespans of pathogens, allowing further distribution of a greater number of pathogens. Plastic marine litter acts like a city transport system; picking up and carrying pathogens through our seas, ready to infect living things.\nAs plastic debris comes into contact with corals it passes pathogens into the coral tissue. Infection via plastic can happen directly by causing physical injury to the coral tissue and the direct introduction of foreign pathogens, like cutting yourself with a blunt, dirty knife. Infection can also occur indirectly by infecting organisms that the coral eats or relies on for its’ survival. Lamb and her research team found 3 diseases, in particular, to be associated with plastic contact. These 3 included white syndromes, black band disease and skeletal eroding band disease which, in particular, has been shown to accompany plastic inflicted wounds. They concluded that plastic polluted reefs face different disease threats to plastic- free reefs where these diseases were much less common.\nIn addition to this ground-breaking study, it has been discovered that the corals’ problem with plastic extends beyond plastic debris to microplastics, too. A Microplastic includes any piece of plastic below 5mm which is often formed from the breakdown of larger plastics. Plastics are not fully broken down and recycled in the same way as dead plants or animals; the pieces of plastic just get smaller. This means that when an animal is predated upon by another, rather than being broken down, the plastic is moved through the food chain. The plastic builds up in the stomachs of animals, making plastics a recognised threat to marine life. The accumulation of plastics in the body continues all the way up the food chain… to humans.\nResearch is emerging to suggest that corals will remove and ingest microplastics from the water column. A 2020 study by Corona et al. published in Frontiers in Marine Science found that mushroom corals were prone to ingest and retain plastics, particularly if they were covered in a biofilm. This is likely because the biofilm tricks corals into thinking the plastic is organic food. The consumption of micro-plastics is a potential cause for concern for scientists. If micro-plastics have a biofilm, that suggests they are harbouring diseases. If these are being ingested by corals, corals are putting themselves at greater risk of disease and will potentially hamper their own food consumption. However, whilst this link between micro- plastics and disease is likely, it is not yet confirmed, however the potential link makes our plastic issue all the more concerning.\nWorse still, the study by Lamb et al. established that complex types of coral, such as ‘branching’ forms, are 8 times more likely to be affected by debris than ‘massive’ forms of coral, which are often flatter. However, when in contact with plastic, massive corals have a 98% chance of being infected with one of the diseases associated with plastic, suggesting they have fewer immune defences. Nevertheless, complex corals are disproportionately affected, posing a problem for the entire ecosystem. Coral ecosystems rely on the complexity of the reef structure to create enough habitats for all the animals that live there. When reef complexity is reduced, there are fewer habitats available and the diversity of animals that live there diminishes. This is comparable to habitat loss for orangutans, tigers and rhinos from the deforestation that currently devastates our planet. Habitat loss on coral reefs has been shown to reduce fishery productivity by a factor of 3, having detrimental effects on the communities and industries that rely on them.\nThe loss of coral reef complexity will significantly reduce biodiversity in one of the most important habitats on earth.\nMany of the communities most reliant on coral reefs are part of the poorest countries in the world. Such countries also have disproportionately more plastic on their reefs, putting reefs in these regions at greater risk. Lamb’s study noted that Indonesian reefs had the greatest amount of litter per 100m2. Australia, on the other hand, the most developed of the countries sampled, had the lowest. Unsurprisingly, the reason behind this is the lack of resources for developing countries to create effective waste management, paired with the fact that waste from the western world is often shipped to these areas. Without intervention, such as targeted improved waste management, projections of reef plastic get significantly worse for developing countries, almost doubling in the next 5 years for countries such as Indonesia. To put this into perspective, plastic on Australian reefs is projected to increase only 1%. When all of this is taken into consideration with the high levels of fishing taking place in our seas, it becomes apparent that having more plastic in our oceans than fish by 2050, is a very real possibility.\nIt’s clear that corals are at increasing risk of disease from plastic waste, a threat that, for decades, has gone somewhat unnoticed. Though the future of reefs may appear bleak, the problem is resolvable. Initiatives to reduce ocean plastic are already cropping up. For example, 4Ocean, a global plastic clean-up company, have cleaned up 11 million pounds of plastic from coastal regions to date. Similarly, the Ocean Clean-up, another plastic removal company focusing on new technologies to do so, aim to remove 90% of marine plastic pollution by both tackling plastic manufacturing and removing plastic from the ocean. The reality is, however, that with our continued dependence on plastics, the problem is not going to disappear.\nIt is our job to live as sustainably and consciously as possible. Though recently in the media corporations, like Shell, have been putting environmental issues down to consumer demand, it is actually our responsibility to challenge the system. We must put pressure on manufacturing companies to find and fund alternatives to plastic. Contact Coke-a-Cola. March against McDonalds. Knock at Nestle’s door. Do not let them think plastic is what we want. Corals are calling out for help; we must not ignore their cries.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://madeofballarat2019.com/stories/satu-the-tiger-arrives-in-ballarat/", "date": "2020-12-03T16:02:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141729522.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20201203155433-20201203185433-00410.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9431807994842529, "token_count": 295, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__54354996", "lang": "en", "text": "The Ballarat Wildlife Park has welcomed a second tiger to its Tiger Sanctuary conservation display.\nSatu, a male Sumatran tiger, arrived late last week from Queensland’s Australia Zoo. He joins his female friend, Maneki (pictured below), who has been at the park since late last year.\nThe tigers are part of a global species management plan and will be ambassadors for helping their cousins survive in the wild through education programs and the promotion of conservation initiatives.\nThe park’s Tiger Sanctuary has been designed to ensure a stress-free environment for its new inhabitants. Double the size of the standard requirement for a tiger enclosure, it features swimming pools, climbing poles, shady areas, heated dens and state-of-the-art security to ensure both the tigers and the community are kept safe.\nFrom the Indonesian island of Sumatra, Sumatran tigers face increasing challenges to their survival due to the clearing of their natural habitat for farming and palm oil plantations, as well as poaching for markets and medicine trade. While it is estimated only 500-600 Sumatran tigers remain in the wild, the actual number could be as low as 400.\nThe Ballarat Wildlife Park is supporting tiger conservation efforts via the Tiger Protection Conservation Unit (TPCU). The TPCU are a group of rangers on the frontline in Sumatra who disable snares, follow leads, solve tiger-human conflicts and provide evidence for legal proceedings.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://functionalhealthnews.com/2010/12/glutathione/", "date": "2018-10-15T21:18:20Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583509845.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20181015205152-20181015230652-00102.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9263617396354675, "token_count": 477, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__173331653", "lang": "en", "text": "Glutathione is critical for one simple reason: It recycles antioxidants. You see, dealing with free radicals is like handing off a hot potato. They get passed around from vitamin C to vitamin E to lipoic acid and then finally to glutathione which cools off the free radicals and recycles other antioxidants. After this happens, the body can “reduce” or regenerate another protective glutathione molecule and we are back in business.\nHowever, problems occur when we are overwhelmed with too much oxidative stress or too many toxins. Then the glutathione becomes depleted and we can no longer protect ourselves against free radicals, infections, or cancer and we can’t get rid of toxins. This leads to further sickness and soon we are in the downward spiral of chronic illness.\nBut that’s not all. Glutathione is also critical in helping your immune system do its job of fighting infections and preventing cancer. That’s why studies show that it can help in the treatment of AIDS.(i)\nGlutathione is also the most critical and integral part of your detoxification system. All the toxins stick onto glutathione, which then carries them into the bile and the stool — and out of your body.\nAnd lastly, it also helps us reach peak mental and physical function. Research has shown that raised glutathione levels decrease muscle damage, reduce recovery time, increase strength and endurance and shift metabolism from fat production to muscle development.\nIf you are sick or old or are just not in peak shape, you likely have glutathione deficiency.\nIn fact, the top British medical journal, the Lancet, found the highest glutathione levels in healthy young people, lower levels in healthy elderly, lower still in sick elderly and the lowest of all in the hospitalized elderly. (ii)\nIt is critical for immune function and controlling inflammation. It is the master detoxifier and the body’s main antioxidant, protecting our cells and making our energy metabolism run well.And the good news is that you can do many things to increase this natural and critical molecule in your body. You can eat glutathione-boosting foods. You can exercise. And you can take glutathione-boosting supplements. Let’s review more specifics about each. Read more…", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://abarbpest.com/dont-let-ants-ruin-your-thanksgiving-leftovers/", "date": "2023-04-01T05:38:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949701.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401032604-20230401062604-00063.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9680813550949097, "token_count": 757, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__29613201", "lang": "en", "text": "Don’t Let Ants Ruin Your Thanksgiving Leftovers\nAlthough people in and around Haskell, N.J., don’t have to worry about marauding bands of millions of army ants that devour everything in their path, there are still plenty of other kinds of ants that can cause problems in your home. They’re not going to take off with your fully cooked Thanksgiving bird, but they might take little pieces of it back to their nests. In any event, who wants to eat an ant-infested Thanksgiving meal? Here are four common ant types and the problems they might cause:\nUnlike termites, who eat the cellulose in the wood they infest, carpenter ants burrow inside the wood and remove parts of it to build the tunnels of their nests instead. These ants tend to be quite large, measuring more than a half inch in length. Although they prefer damp, decaying, or dead wood, they have been known to tunnel into solid wood too. Because these ants usually choose trees, stumps, and logs for their initial nests, people living in wooded areas should be especially vigilant against them. Carpenter ants are either all black or black with reddish legs.\nAlthough fire ants are much smaller than carpenter ants, they are much more dangerous. They build large mounds for nests and should be avoided at all costs. The most dangerous variety of these pests is the Red Imported Fire Ant, or RIFA. RIFAs can kill pets and small animals, and the venom of their stingers, called Solenopsin, can be deadly to human beings who are allergic to it too. Even if you’re not allergic, you will still suffer numerous painful stings from these ants.\nAs their name suggests, these ants tend to congregate and build nests in cracks in concrete, asphalt, and other stones. They usually only infest buildings in search of food and are nonaggressive. Although they do sting, they would much rather not bother you. They do, however, eat almost anything that human beings eat, especially greasy foods like dark-meat Thanksgiving leftovers or “inside-the-bird” stuffing. They have a peculiar habit of “blazing trails” to their food sources and seldom deviate from those direct-line routes.\nThese ants are tiny; 16 of them end-to-end wouldn’t even measure one inch. They are what as known as polygynous, which means their colonies can have multiple queen ants. In some colonies, there are as few as 12 workers per queen. In contrast, consider tropical army ants, which have tens of millions of workers per just one queen. Because there are multiple queens for each colony, pharaoh ants tend to split off into subcolonies very easily and often. These colonies don’t attack each other, which would defeat the purpose of having multiple queens and multiple colonies. Pharaoh ants prefer hot, humid temperatures, which is why they prefer hospitals and other buildings with large central heating systems. Because of their small size, they get into everything and are a terrible danger because of the infections they carry. They are difficult to eradicate because of their multiple colonies.\nNo matter which kind of ants you have infesting your home or business, Abarb Pest Services is well-versed in all methods of removal, including both chemical and nonchemical. We also guarantee our service, and the Better Business Bureau has both accredited our business and rated us A+. To get rid of the scourge of ants on your property, give us a call today to set up an appointment.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.qhnestbox.org/", "date": "2023-02-08T22:30:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500983.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20230208222635-20230209012635-00757.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9001377820968628, "token_count": 151, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__185936075", "lang": "en", "text": "The Quail Hollow Ranch Nest Box Project is a group of volunteers associated with the Santa Cruz Bird Club. who maintained and monitored nest boxes at Quail Hollow Ranch County Park. This citizen-science project was started in 2002 to provide habitat for cavity-nesting bird species, particularly the Western Bluebird, (WEBL). which are now abundant at the park. Other species that regularly use our boxes are the Ash-throated Flycatcher, (ATFL) the Chestnut-backed Chickadee, (CBCH), the Violet-green Swallow, (VGSW) and and the Oak Titmouse. (OATI).\nWe report our data each season to the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's NestWatch database.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://dairyspecialistinrussia.blogspot.com/2010/07/growing-forages-in-jordan-2010.html", "date": "2023-03-23T06:58:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945030.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20230323065609-20230323095609-00634.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9936817288398743, "token_count": 441, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__237958781", "lang": "en", "text": "Corn was being grown for silage. In this photo the forage department consultant is shown in a field planted on April 10. It was 140 day maturity corn and at least 3 weeks before it would pollinate. It had good color with high plant density and was being grown in the desert with a center pivot system designed in Nebraska.\nThis corn was planted on March 20 and was starting to pollinate. The photo was taken at my eye level and the plants were at least three feet taller than my eye level.\nH0lstein heifers grown for replacement were well grown with expected calving at ages between 24 and 27 months on this 1000 cow dairy near Amman. They were getting corn silage and alfalfa hay from the agricultural company that I worked with located about 200 miles south of Amman in the region of Wadi Rum near the border of Egypt and Saudi Arabia.\nThe milking herd was milking quite well and seemed to tolerate the heat well. Of course the humidity was less than 15 percent most of the time. Daytime temperatures would be around 90 degrees and nights would cool to under 65 degrees with a breeze, so cows did cool off each day. They were in a dry lot with shades.\nFresh cows got lots of alfalfa hay with limited amounts of concentrates. They were starting off well with few problems and many were milking well over 100 pounds milk per day.\nThe irrigated alfalfa hay had very fine stems with excellent leaf retention. Baling was done from 4:00 to 7:00 a.m. each day when there was some dew to keep leaves from shattering. The hay was being sold for near 350 dollars per U. S. ton.\nAt Wadi Rum the alfalfa was being grown under center pivot and was being watered continuously with about 3 applications per day. The pivots had drop down nozzles to minimize transpiration losses. The stands were being cut about every 28 days with 8 ot 9 cuttings per year. They were taking the third cuttings in mid-June when I was there.\nPost a Comment", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.wsbellows.com/project/the-houston-zoo-african-gorilla-forest/", "date": "2024-02-21T17:18:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473524.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221170215-20240221200215-00763.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9636522531509399, "token_count": 183, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__25906399", "lang": "en", "text": "The new African Gorilla Forest was one of the most highly anticipated exhibits at the Houston Zoo. After a 10-year hiatus, the Houston Zoo is now home to seven gorillas that are broken up into two groups: the first is a family unit of three (mother, father, and child) and one single female, and the second is a group of three bachelors. The two distinct troops of gorillas will spend their days alternating between an outdoor habitat and a multi-tiered night house that includes private bedrooms, an artistic 23-foot tall climbing tree, and a behind-the-scenes outdoor yard. The forest is a state-of-the-art natural habitat with features that include a waterfall, flowing stream, natural and artificial logs, and boardwalks where visitors can get a closer look. There is also a huge, sloping berm with a dense forest and moat.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://essexpetprotector.co.uk/product/calming-refill-pack-plugin-diffuser/", "date": "2017-12-16T07:16:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948585297.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20171216065121-20171216091121-00599.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9332187175750732, "token_count": 386, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__184261073", "lang": "en", "text": "This Plug In Diffuser from Pet Remedy works alongside the brain’s natural messengers known as neuro-transmitters, which will tell the nerve receiving the message either to calm down or get “fired up”. In times of anxiety or stress in our pets the nerves tend to get over stimulated, which will lead to many symptoms of stress. The Essential Calming Diffuser has blends of essential oils which work alongside the natural relaxation pathways to help calm the nerves of anxious and stressed pets.\n- Natural product with special formulated low concentration valerian blend.\n- Unique patented formulation which is Valerian based with small inclusions of Vetiver, Basil, and Clary Sage\n- Works for all mammals, reptiles, and birds ( so not species specific). Ie. cats, dogs, rabbits, rodents, horses\n- Clinically proven (studies completed for dogs, cats, and rabbits)\n- As used and recommended by Vets, pet professionals, and Rescue Centres\n- The easy to use Plugin diffuser starts to help immediately\n· Will help calm pet without sedating\n· Will only have an effect on the stressed pet(s) in a multi pet situation. Nerve cells in any mammal, reptile, or bird are only ever excited or calm, so an already calm pet simply cannot be even more calm\n· Will help a stressed pet become more aware of their surroundings and more receptive and attentive to the owner\n- Much more affordable than other calming products, so great value\n- Plug-in diffuser lasts longer than others available in the marketplace, at up to 8 weeks\n- Developed and made in England\nThe plugin diffuser should be located in the room in which the stressed pet spends the most time.\nStarts to help within minutes and ideal for separation anxiety, fireworks , new home, bonding, and any other stressful situation", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.stonewooddesign.co.uk/garden-museum", "date": "2019-10-21T12:07:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570987773711.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20191021120639-20191021144139-00206.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9505840539932251, "token_count": 446, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__53301768", "lang": "en", "text": "Museum of the Garden\nThe Museum of the Garden is located on the edge of a\nwell-established small woodland area.\nThe Museum is set underground with a long glazed elevation opening onto the adjacent woodland. This forms a “wedge” as the Museum is not set parallel to the natural contours of the site. The roof of the Museum is grassed and is inhabited by the estate deer herd. This ensures that the Museum has as low a visual impact as possible as one approaches it.\nThe experience of approaching the Museum is dramatic. The woodland floor descends from the Museum forming a dell at a lower level. This topography provides the setting for a tree-top walkway. The walkway, called “The Viper”, is set at the ground level of the Museum. The visitor approaches it at the northern end of the Museum and walks through the tree canopies towards the Museum entrance. As one winds through the trees, immersed in the flora and fauna of the woodland, views of the Museum are glimpsed through the leaves and\nbranches at canopy level.\nOn arrival at the Museum entrance the walkway splays out to form a terrace and the Museum reveals itself. Full height glazing to the front elevation is minimal and elegant. During the day-time the woodland is reflected in the glazing. 5m high glazed sliding doors open to present\nthe visitor reception and cafe.\nThe drama of arrival at the Museum is set up by the juxtaposition of a civic public space which is located in a secluded woodland setting.\nThe permanent exhibition at the Museum offers the opportunity to engage in a deeper exploration of the central theme of the estate, the garden. The exhibition considers the history of gardening from biblical Eden through to today’s popular consumer culture of gardening. It explores the microscopic world of botany and showcases the technology of gardening and the tools and techniques that have been developed through\ncenturies to the present day.\nAll the while, whilst enjoying the exhibition and the Museum, the visitor can look back outside through the glazed elevation to the woodland right outside.\nOpens autumn 2019. Watch this space.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nymvcare.com/navigating-the-maze-syncope-dizziness-and-what-they-mean-for-you/", "date": "2023-09-23T21:17:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506528.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20230923194908-20230923224908-00346.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8954253792762756, "token_count": 610, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__300127187", "lang": "en", "text": "At some point in our lives, most of us have felt a brief spell of dizziness or light-headedness. But what happens when these fleeting moments lead to a sudden loss of consciousness? This phenomenon is often referred to as syncope.\nSyncope is a temporary and sudden loss of consciousness, usually caused by insufficient blood flow to the brain. It’s commonly known as “fainting” or “passing out.” Before a syncope episode, individuals may experience dizziness or light-headedness.\nCauses of Syncope\nThere are numerous causes of syncope, but they generally fall into three categories:\n- Vasovagal syncope: Triggered by a sudden drop-in heart rate and blood pressure, leading to reduced blood flow to the brain. Common triggers include dehydration, stress, or seeing blood.\n- Cardiac syncope: Caused by heart-related issues such as arrhythmia, valve obstructions, or even a heart attack.\n- Orthostatic syncope: Occurs when a person stands up too quickly, and blood pools in the legs, resulting in decreased blood flow to the brain.\nCauses of Dizziness\nDizziness can arise from various causes, including:\n- Inner ear problems: Issues like benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) or Meniere’s disease can lead to dizziness.\n- Vestibular migraines: Migraines that cause dizziness.\n- Medications: Some drugs list dizziness as a side effect.\n- Other causes: Low iron, low blood pressure, anxiety, or dehydration can also result in dizziness.\nPrevention and Treatment\nTo prevent or manage dizziness and syncope:\n- Stay hydrated to maintain blood volume.\n- Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions.\n- Recognize the triggers, like hot environments or emotional stress, and try to avoid them.\n- Discuss with your doctor any medications that might be causing dizziness.\nWhen experiencing dizziness or syncope, it’s crucial to sit or lie down immediately to prevent injuries from falling.\nIf episodes of loss of consciousness or dizziness occur frequently, it’s essential to see a healthcare professional. They can help determine the cause and recommend appropriate treatments or interventions.\nBoth dizziness and syncope can be alarming, but understanding their causes and differences can help individuals manage and respond appropriately. While many cases might not be serious, recurring episodes, especially those of syncope, warrant medical attention to rule out potentially serious underlying conditions.\n- Loss of consciousness\n- Vasovagal syncope\n- Cardiac syncope\n- Orthostatic syncope\n- Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)\n- Vestibular migraines", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mechanicalserviceintl.com/scientists-make-progress-in-developing-vaccines-for-global-pandemics/", "date": "2023-12-10T11:07:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00882.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.930228054523468, "token_count": 780, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__274439048", "lang": "en", "text": "Scientists Make Progress in Developing Vaccines for Global Pandemics\nIn recent years, the world has witnessed the devastating effects of global pandemics, such as the H1N1 influenza, Ebola, and most recently, the COVID-19 pandemic. These diseases have caused significant losses in terms of human lives, economic stability, and public health. However, amidst the chaos, scientists have been diligently working to develop effective vaccines to combat these global health threats.\nVaccines have played a vital role in eradicating various diseases and minimizing their impact on society. They provide a degree of immunity against infectious diseases by stimulating the immune system to produce a response that recognizes and destroys the pathogen. The development of vaccines is a complex and time-consuming process that begins with identifying the specific genetic material, proteins, or other components of the pathogen that can trigger an immune response.\nOne of the major advancements in vaccine development for global pandemics is the utilization of new technology platforms. Traditional vaccine production methods often rely on cultivating and inactivating the whole pathogen or using weakened strains. However, these approaches can be time-consuming and come with safety concerns. Through the use of newer platforms, such as messenger RNA (mRNA) and viral vector-based vaccines, scientists have significantly reduced the time required to develop and produce vaccines.\nmRNA vaccines have garnered particular attention in recent years due to their success in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. This technology allows for the delivery of genetic information to cells, instructing them to produce a harmless piece of the virus that triggers an immune response. The Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines are both mRNA-based vaccines that have proven highly effective in preventing severe illness and hospitalization.\nViral vector-based vaccines also hold great promise in the fight against global pandemics. These vaccines use a harmless virus, such as an adenovirus, as a carrier to deliver genetic material from the pathogen to trigger an immune response. The Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine and Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen vaccine are examples of viral vector-based vaccines that have been approved for emergency use during the COVID-19 pandemic.\nAnother remarkable advancement in vaccine development is the establishment of global collaborations and partnerships. Scientists and researchers from various countries and organizations are now collaborating extensively to share knowledge, clinical trial data, and resources. This collaborative effort minimizes duplication of efforts and accelerates the development and distribution of vaccines. The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) is one example of an organization that fosters partnerships to advance the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases.\nMoreover, advancements in related fields, such as genomics and computational biology, have contributed to the rapid development of vaccines. The ability to sequence the genetic material of pathogens quickly and accurately has enabled scientists to identify specific targets for vaccine development. Computational biology has played a crucial role in simulating the behavior of viruses and predicting their potential impact, aiding in the design and optimization of vaccine candidates.\nWhile scientists have made significant progress in developing vaccines for global pandemics, challenges still remain. The emergence of new variants and the need for booster shots to maintain immunity pose ongoing challenges. Additionally, ensuring equitable distribution and access to vaccines worldwide remains a pressing issue that requires global coordination and investment.\nNevertheless, the advancements made in recent years in vaccine development for global pandemics provide hope for a brighter future. The successes seen in combating COVID-19 with mRNA and viral vector-based vaccines demonstrate the potential of these technologies in addressing future pandemics. With continued scientific collaboration, advancements in technology, and global commitment, scientists are paving the way for a world better prepared to combat global health threats and protect humanity from the ravages of pandemics.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.vacinc.org/hiv_aids.htm", "date": "2013-05-19T08:19:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696400149/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092640-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9571001529693604, "token_count": 306, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__99678077", "lang": "en", "text": "Our Brochure (please click)\nWhat is HIV/AIDS?\nAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a condition that destroys the body's immune defense system. It is caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After HIV invades the body it lives in the white blood cells, which are the cells that protect the body from disease.\nHow is HIV transmitted?\nA person becomes infected by:\n- Having sex without a condom with someone who is infected.\n- Injecting drugs/medication with a needle used by someone who is infected.\nHIV can be transmitted only through body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal secretions and breast milk.\nWhat medical treatments are there for HIV disease?\nThere is no cure for AIDS, however, with new medications and protease inhibitors available, people diagnosed as being HIV+ are living longer. In the early years of the epidemic many died within two years.\nWhy is it important to test for HIV?\nIf you test negative, take precautions to keep yourself healthy. If you test positive, immediately seek the treatment and support you will need. Also, tell anyone who was exposed to your blood, semen or vaginal fluid, including sexual partners or needle sharing partners. If you do not feel you can tell them, have your physician, case manager, or trusted friend/family member inform these partners.\nFor testing locations, please refer to our \"CONTACT\" tab above.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.friedalooserhistory.co.nz/gallery/Ilam%2Bcourses/history-of-salt/467011", "date": "2022-05-26T04:33:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662601401.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220526035036-20220526065036-00155.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9625953435897827, "token_count": 136, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__309915556", "lang": "en", "text": "Salt is back in the News as the latest 'health hazard', but there must be 'moderation in all things'. Small amounts of dark chocolate are recognised as beneficial to the human brain and wellbeing; but sodium chloride or common salt is essential for life. So what is salt and why has it played such a significant role throughout human history? Empires were built and administered through a salt tax; trade depended upon salt; the word 'salary' is derived from 'salt'; and a good person may be described as: 'Salt of the Earth'. These five lectures will look at various facets of the fascinating history of this crucial and critical compound in life on this planet.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://test-portal.nifa.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/1012768-health-benefits-of-patchouli-alcohol-mechanistic-studies.html", "date": "2023-05-30T10:32:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224645595.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20230530095645-20230530125645-00523.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8496475219726562, "token_count": 1650, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__131782031", "lang": "en", "text": "Human Nutrition & Food Science\nNon Technical Summary\nPatchouli essential oils have been used for medicinal applications due to a variety of biological effects including antibacterial, antifungal, antiinfluenza and antioxidant activities. Patchouli is a species of plant from the genus Pogostemon and major component of patchouli oil. Recently we found that patchouli alcohol possesses anti-inflammatory activity in immune cells. The general aim of this proposal is to study if patchouli alcohol influences occurrence of metabolic disorders including inflammation, obesity and cancer, focusing on elucidating the mechanisms and biological targets. The expected results will expand our understanding on health benefit of using patchouli alcohol and the scope of action using essential oil prevention of human chronic diseases.\nAnimal Health Component\nResearch Effort Categories\nGoals / Objectives\nObesity is a worldwide epidemic associated with increased risk of various types of cancer. Chronic inflammation is a central characteristic of obesity, leading to many complications such as cancer. In particular, obesity-induced inflammation confers additional cancer risk beyond obesity itself.Patchouli alcohol is a tricyclic sesquiterpene and most abundant form in patchouli oil. Recently, we reported that patchouli alcohol possesses anti-inflammatory activity in mouse macrophages and colon cells (1). However, health benefits effects and reliable mechanisms by patchouli alcohol on metabolic disorders and human chronic diseases remain unanswered. The primary goal of this proposal is to explore if patchouli alcohol prevents inflammation, obesity and cancer. The second goal is to determine proposed mechanisms and molecular targets by which patchouli alcohol reduces inflammatory response in macrophages, differentiation of preadipocytes and proliferation of colonocytes.In the following specific aims we will investigate:Aim 1. Determine anti-inflammatory activity of patchouli alcohol Aim 2. Determine anti-obese and anti-diabetic activity of patchouli alcoholAim 3. Determine anti-cancer activity of patchouli alcohol\nAim 1. Determine anti-inflammatory activity of patchouli alcoholAim 1.1. In vivo study to exam anti-inflammatory activity of patchouli alcohol using DSS-induced colitis modelExperimental designThirty six experimental mice (C57BL/6 background) will be assigned to three groups and each will be receiving 1) vehicle (0.5% methylcellulose), 2) low dose of patchouli alcohol (20 mg/kg body weight) and 3) high dose of patchouli alcohol (40 mg/kg body weight) (twelve mice/each group). Patchouli alcohol suspension will be given by oral gavage every day for 2 weeks before DSS treatment. Then 5% (w/v) of DSS will be given to mice through autoclaved drinking water for one week with gavage of patchouli alcohol. Aftertreatment of DSS and patchouli alcohol, the mice will be euthanized.MeasurementsExtent of colitis, immunohistochemistry, MPO activity and gene expressionAim 1.2. In vitro studies to exam the mechanism(s) of anti-inflammatory activity using THP-1 monocytesExperimental designHuman monocytic cell line (THP-1) will be pretreated with different concentrations of patchouli alcohol (0, 12, 25, 50, 100 µM) and then co-treated with LPS or IL-6 for 30 minutes or 24hours.MeasurementsTranscriptional activity of NF-?B, nuclear localization of p65 and STAT3, proteasomal degradation of p65, phosphorylation of JNK/p38 MAPK, JAK1/STAT3 and ERK, and expression of target genesAim 2. Determine anti-obese and anti-diabetic activity of patchouli alcoholAim 2.1. In vivo study to exam anti-obese and anti-diabetic activity of patchouli alcohol using Ay/J mouse modelExperimental designAy/J mice in a B6 genetic background (KK.Cg-Ay/J, Jackson Laboratories) will be obtained and bred to produce enough numbers for experiment. At 6 weeks old, thirty six Ay/J mice will be assigned to three groups and each will be exposed to 1) vehicle (0.5% methylcellulose), 2) low dose of patchouli alcohol (20 mg/kg body weight), and 3) high dose of patchouli alcohol (40 mg/kg body weight) respectively (twelve mice/each group) for 4 weeks.MeasurementsBody fat pad, lipolysis/fatty acid oxidation, glucose tolerance test, macrophage infiltration, histological analysis and expression of chemokines and inflammatory cytokinesAim 2.2. In vitro studies to exam the mechanism(s) of anti-obese and anti-diabetic activity using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C2C12 myocytesExperimental design3T3-L1 preadipocytes will be cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS until confluent. Two days after post-confluence, cells will be stimulated to differentiate with 1 μM dexamethasone, 0.5 mM isobutylmethylxanthine, and 5 μg/mL insulin in 10% FBS/DMEM for 2 days (day 0). Cells will be then maintained in 10% FBS/DMEM medium with 5 μg/mL of insulin for another 2 days, followed by culturing with 10% FBS/DMEM medium until analysis. Patchouli alcohol (0, 12, 25, 50, 100 µM) will be treated from day 0 to day 4 (for study of gene expression) or day 8 (for triglyceride accumulation). For culture of myocytes, C2C12 cells will be maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and then differentiated using DMEM replacing 1% FBS in the absence or presence of different doses of patchouli alcohol (0, 12, 25, 50, 100 µM) for 7 days.MeasurementsLipid accumulation, in vitro glucose uptake and lipolysis, expression of adipogenesis and lipogenesis marker genes, phosphorylation of AMPKα and ACC, expression and translocation of β-catenin protein, and luciferase activity of TOP/FOP flashAim 3. Determine anti-cancer activity of patchouli alcoholAim 3.1. In vivo study to exam anti-cancer activity of patchouli alcohol using inflammation-induced colon cancer model Experimental designThirty six ApcMin/+ mice at 6 weeks of age will be assigned to three groups and each will be exposed to 1) vehicle (0.5% methylcellulose), 2) low dose of patchouli alcohol (20 mg/kg body weight), and 3) high dose of patchouli alcohol (40 mg/kg body weight) respectively (twelve mice/each group) by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Then 2% (w/v) DSS will be given to mice through autoclaved drinking water for one week and the patchouli alcohol will be gavaged every day for 4 weeks.Measurements Tumorigenesis in colon and histological analysisAim 3.2. In vitro studies to exam the mechanism(s) of anti-cancer activity using SW480 colonocytesExperimental designSW480 cells will be treated with different concentrations (0, 12, 25, 50, 100 µM) of patchouli alcohol for 0, 24 and 48 hours.MeasurementsApoptosis, activity of caspases and expression of apoptosis-associated genes, cell cycle distribution and expression of growth arrest genes, cell invasion/migration and expression of MMP-2/9, In vitro angiogenesis and expression of VEGF", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://maheri.network/2022/05/12/holy-cow-scientists-successfully-grow-plants-in-moon-soil-for-the-first-time/", "date": "2022-05-25T21:48:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662594414.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220525213545-20220526003545-00151.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9439814686775208, "token_count": 105, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__299835626", "lang": "en", "text": "- May 12, 2022\n- Posted by: AliensFaith\n- Category: OBJECTIVE PRESS\nResearchers at the University of Florida planted thale cress in harsh lunar dirt returned by Apollo 11 astronauts\nFor the first time, scientists have grown plants in soil from the moon collected by Nasa’s Apollo astronauts.\nResearchers had no idea if anything would sprout in the harsh moon dirt and wanted to see if it could be used to grow food by a new generation of lunar explorers. The results stunned them.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.uacc.cc/patient-resources/bladder-washes/", "date": "2016-02-14T01:28:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-07/segments/1454701168076.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20160205193928-00106-ip-10-236-182-209.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9283736944198608, "token_count": 317, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2016-07", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-07__0__3420838", "lang": "en", "text": "BCG: is a weakened bacterium that will stimulate your immune system to fight the cancer cells. These bacteria will not cause disease.\nInterferon: a natural chemical made by your body which can now be artificially produced. When mixed with BCG it helps treat bladder cancer by stimulating your immune system and fighting the cancer cells.\nTreatments are scheduled in blocks of 6-8 appointments approximately 1week apart. After the initial block of treatments , there is a rest period of approximately 4-6 weeks before a cystoscopy is performed to evaluate the status of your bladder. Depending on the results another course of treatments may scheduled or a shorter maintenance course of 3 treatments or once a month treatment may be arranged.\nAvoid excessive coffee (1/2 cup is fine), decrease fluid intake before your treatment as you will be requested to hold your bladder for 2 hours after the procedure.\nA small catheter will be inserted into your bladder. Your bladder will be drained and approximately 2 oz of medicine will be placed in your bladder, the catheter will then be removed.\nIf the side effects worsen with each successive appointment, please let us know as we may be able to adjust the medication dose or change the medication completely.\nIf you should develop a urinary tract infection (UTI) – burning, frequency, urgency or foul odor to your urine; or you can see blood in your urine CALL the office we may need to obtain a urine culture and possibly reschedule your appointment.\n[download id=\"4\" format=\"4\" autop=\"false\"]", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.qualityinfusion.com/our-services/our-shots/weight-loss-injection/", "date": "2024-04-19T23:19:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817455.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419203449-20240419233449-00293.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9175557494163513, "token_count": 589, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__91492689", "lang": "en", "text": "Semaglutide/Cynocobalamin (vitamin B12)\nPricing with Consultation\nSemaglutide (generic for Wegovy) is a drug used for type-2 Diabetic, however, it has weight loss properties. At Q-Infusion we believe in preventative health by decreasing insulin resistance. Semaglutide improves metabolism, and weight loss and reduces the inflammatory cascade caused by insulin resistance and obesity.\nCyanocobalamin, also known as Vitamin B12, promotes weight loss through improved cellular and glucose metabolism. The combination of Semaglutide-cyanocobalamin is a groundbreaking method for weight loss, energy, sleep cycle regulation, decrease inflammation, and a better client experience.\nSemaglutide/Cyanocobalamin Injection is a once-a-week dose that works by simulating hormones that target areas of the brain involved in controlling appetite and food intake. This can curve appetite by making you eat less, leading to weight loss. It is advisable to inject the same day of the week, any time of the day, with or without food. As per recommendation, an excellent period for dosing is a point where there is an appetite reduction and no nausea.\nIt is highly recommended to get started on a lifestyle modification involving diet and exercise for more effective results.\nSome of the Benefits\n- Weight Loss\n- Improve blood sugar\n- May improve blood pressure\n- May improve cholesterol\nThe most common side effect that has been associated with Semaglutide/Cyanocobalamin injection weight loss regimen is nausea.\nHow to limit Nausea symptoms can include:\n- Eat a bland diet\n- Eat liquid foods like soup and gelatin\n- A small portion of Rice\n- Toast of bread\nThe medication follows a titration regimen. All the clients must start with the Month 1 dose with weekly subcutaneous injections for four weeks. After month 1, the dosage per injection gradually increases in months 2, 3, and 4. A maintenance dose can be ongoing for a period of 8 months depending on the client’s weight loss goals.\nA minimum BMI of 27 or greater is required to order this medication regimen.\nWarning: Semaglutide is not recommended for these individuals who are taking other diabetic medications as it may cause a significant drop in blood sugar levels. If sensitive to medication, it is highly recommended to start at a low dose or half-dose. It is not recommended during pregnancy or intends to get pregnant. At the start of the program, it is advisable to have a source of sugar (candy bar, juice, or fruit) handy in case of a blood sugar level drops. Symptoms may include but are not limited to: lightheadedness, jitteriness, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and headaches.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://srl.berkeley.edu/projects/", "date": "2018-07-20T16:43:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676591718.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20180720154756-20180720174756-00087.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8877767324447632, "token_count": 543, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__240704156", "lang": "en", "text": "We are active members of the California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3) and the Berkeley Stem Cell Center, with students in several departments including the UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Group in Bioengineering, Berkeley’s Biophysics Graduate Group, and Mechanical Engineering.\nCurrent Research Projects:\nUsing Node-Pore Sensing to Mechanically Phenotype Cancer Cells\nWe are utilizing NPS to phenotype cancer cells based on their mechanical properties. Our goal is to correlate mechanical phenotype with invasive potential using.\nNode-Pore Sensing (NPS) is a label-free technique that can screen for multiple markers on the surface of cells, simultaneously. Currently, we are applying NPS to phenotype subpopulations of cells for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. At the same time, with Prof. Michael Lusting in EECS, we are focused on developing the next-generation NPS by encoding our devices with codes used in radar, Wi-Fi, and telecommunication.\nOptofluidic Platform for Label-Free Cell-Surface Marker Screening\nWe are developing an optofluidic version of NPS and are developing cell-tracking algorithms to measure the transient-binding interaction between surface markers and specific antibodies. We aim to apply this platform to point-of-care diagnosis and monitoring of cancer.\nLiquid Biopsy Platform\nWe are developing a microfluidic platform which utilizes inertial forces to isolate rare cells for downstream analysis and therapeutic monitoring.\nEngineering Strategies for Studying the Neural Stem-Cell Niche\nIn a collaboration with Prof. David Schaffer (Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering), we are developing new DNA-based patterning technologies that enable us to dissect the complex mechanisms of niche signals on instructing single neural stem-cell fate decisions.\nPatterned 3D Cell Culturing\nWe are developing a novel cell-culturing platform in which we are able to tightly control the stiffness dynamically via light cues. This hydrogel platform could help mimic in vivo dynamic stiffness environments, such as blood vessels, which will greatly influence our understanding of mechanobiology.\nIn Vitro Assays for Drug Testing\nSewoon Han, Ph.D.\nWe are developing microchips that attempt to recapitulate the mechanical and biochemical pathologies of specific human tissues. These chips could ultimately be used for accurate in vitro assay drug testing.\nIn-vitro human endothelial cell wall model\nWe are developing an in-vitro model of the human endothelial cell wall micro-environment which will aid us in the study of trans-endothelial migration.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://amanda-ashley.com/neuroplasticity", "date": "2019-09-16T22:49:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514572964.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20190916220318-20190917002318-00446.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9401232004165649, "token_count": 346, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__72677123", "lang": "en", "text": "“The Lightning Process works. Period. And I would recommend it to anyone looking for a natural way to change old unsuccessful patterns in their life.”\nNeuroplasticity has been hailed as one of the most important medical breakthroughs in centuries. It describes the brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections or pathways in response to new information.\nThe more the brain is exposed to this new information, the more efficiently it lays down new neural pathways that, after a while, start to run automatically and unconsciously.\nIt’s somewhat akin to learning to drive. At first we need to concentrate carefully on each new step. But, with repetition, the brain starts to automate to these new tasks, to the point that we learn to drive with ease — often with little or no conscious awareness of what we are doing. This is clearly a very helpful phenomenon. But only so long as the brain is receiving the right information about how to be a good driver.\nThe same applies to our health and overall well-being. Sometimes we become stuck in unconscious patterns (especially in how we are responding to stress) that contribute to chronic illness or difficult mental and emotional issues.\nThe exciting news is that, once we have recognized these unconscious and unhelpful patterns, neuroplasticity allows us to create powerful changes by retraining our plastic, flexible brains to build new, healthier pathways. The Lightning Process® teaches people how to do this through a series of simple, powerful and highly effective mental exercises and techniques. And the more we retrain the brain to promote what we want— health, vitality and well-being— the more automatically it responds to create exactly that.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://hendricks.staywellhealthlibrary.com/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/Blood/", "date": "2023-03-25T10:03:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945323.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20230325095252-20230325125252-00208.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7407444715499878, "token_count": 231, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__63827344", "lang": "en", "text": "Hendricks Regional Health is committed to delivering high-quality, patient-centered care. Our health system continues to grow to meet the needs of our community.\nSee All Locations\nLearn about our remarkable culture & career opportunities\nStart your career with Hendricks Regional Health. Explore our culture, benefits, and accolades.\nHematology and Blood Disorders Home\nOverview of Blood and Blood Components\nWhat Are Red Blood Cells?\nWhat Are White Blood Cells?\nWhat Are Platelets?\nWhat Is Plasma?\nWhat Are Stem Cells?\nBlood Donations and Blood Banking\nCord Blood Banking\nBlood Clotting Disorders in Children\nIron Deficiency Anemia\nMegaloblastic (Pernicious) Anemia\nSickle Cell Disease\nBeta Thalassemia (Cooley's Anemia)\nIdiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura\nBone Marrow Transplant", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://centurymedicaldental.com/medical-service-items/", "date": "2018-01-21T02:47:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084889917.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20180121021136-20180121041136-00479.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9494192004203796, "token_count": 585, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__233627314", "lang": "en", "text": "Pulmonology is a medical speciality that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract. The term is derived from the Latin word pulmō, pulmōnis (\"lung\") and the Greek -λογία, -logia. Pulmonology is synonymous with pneumology (from the Greek πνεύμων (\"lung\") and -λογία, -logia), respirology and respiratory medicine.\nEndocrinology (from Greek ἔνδον, endon, \"within\"; κρίνω, krīnō, \"to separate\"; and -λογία, -logia) is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones.\nOptometry is a healthcare profession concerned with the eyes and related structures, as well as vision, visual systems, and vision information processing in humans. Optometrists are trained to prescribe and fit lenses to improve vision, and in some countries are trained to diagnose and treat various eye diseases.\nOsteopathy—as distinct from osteopathic medicine—is a type of alternative medicine that emphasizes the physical manipulation of the body's muscle tissue and bones. Its name derives from Ancient Greek \"bone\" (ὀστέον) and \"disease of\" (-πάθεια).\nAre you suffering from ongoing emotional or mental problems that are affecting your life? Our specialists in our Brooklyn NY medical center are highly experienced in the areas of psychotherapy. Your mental well-being is one of the most important things that is needed to live a fulfilling and happy life. It may seem sometimes that emotional problems can never go away and will be following you around forever.\nDermatology is the area of medicine that focuses on the health and well being of our skin, which is our biggest organ. Your skin is constantly on display to others and plays a major role in our appearance and how we appear to the world.\nPodiatrists focus on medicine and treatments that relate to the foot, ankle and lower extremities such as toes. Our feet play an important role in our everyday lives and when they are not performing at full capacity it can have a major affect on most anything we do.\nIf you are suffering a neurological disorder you know how scary it can be. Our nervous system is the central framework that allows our body to receive signals from other parts of our body and to perform actions dictated by the brain.\nUrologists specialize in the branch of medicine that focuses on the male and female urinary tract system and the male reproductive system. The kidneys, adrenal glands, urethra, testes, prostate and penis are all part of a urologists field of expertise.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.dogtrainingology.com/animal-training-seminars/", "date": "2024-04-14T19:50:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816893.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414192536-20240414222536-00216.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9436261057853699, "token_count": 144, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__204245194", "lang": "en", "text": "Workshops for dog owners and trainers\nMary regularly speaks to groups of dog owners and trainers about animal training, animal behavior, and applied behavior analysis. She believes that an understanding of the science of learning and behavior can help us find smarter and more humane ways to train our animals.\nIf you are interested in having Mary present an animal training seminar, lecture, or workshop in your area, contact her!\nWeekend seminars and workshops are a great way to delve into the science of animal behavior and take your knowledge of animal training to the next level. Presentations and workshops can be tailored to the needs and desires of your group. Most workshops consist of a mix of lecture, discussion, and hands-on activities.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.crosshatch.org/events/2018/7/14/fruits-and-nuts-for-northern-michigan", "date": "2019-09-22T04:17:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514575076.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20190922032904-20190922054904-00456.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7984821200370789, "token_count": 173, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__157649206", "lang": "en", "text": "Join us at picturesque Gabriel Farms to hear the story of how they established their diverse fruit crops, get an update on the dreaded spotted wing Drosophila, and hear about the potential for chestnuts in Northern Michigan.\n· Duke Elsner, MSU Extension; Understanding and managing spotted wing Drosophila.\n· Dennis Fulbright, MSU professor emeritus; Potential for chestnuts in Northern Michigan.\n· Kristi Schuil, Owner, Gabriel Farm; Establishing and managing diverse fruit crops: apples, grapes, haskaps … What’s a haskap? You’ll have to come to the field day to find out!\nRegister online here.\nFor more information call or email Larry Dyer: 231-881-2784 or firstname.lastname@example.org", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://floridaindependent.com/71251/u-s-house-judiciary-committee-passes-exotic-snake-bill", "date": "2013-05-21T07:27:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699776315/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102256-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9298475980758667, "token_count": 551, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__3087790", "lang": "en", "text": "U.S. House Judiciary Committee passes exotic snake bill\nThe U.S. House Judiciary Committee today passed H.R. 511, a bill that will add nine species of large constrictor snakes to the list of injurious species under the Lacey Act.\nH.R. 511, which is sponsored by Rep. Tom Rooney, R-Tequesta, would ban the import or interstate trade for use as pets of the Indian python (including Burmese python), reticulated python, Northern African python, Southern African python, boa constrictor, green anaconda, yellow anaconda, DeSchauensee’s anaconda and Beni anaconda. Those nine species have been identified by the U.S. Geological Survey as posing “high” or “medium” risk of becoming established in the wild as an invasive species.\nSupporters of the legislation say its passage could help thwart Florida’s exotic snake problem, specifically in the Everglades, where an estimated 10,000 to 100,000 pythons currently live.\nThe Humane Society of the United States commended the bill’s passage in a press release sent out today. “The House Judiciary Committee recognized that the trade in large, constricting snakes is reckless and irresponsible, putting people, ecosystems and the animals that live in them, and the snakes themselves at risk,” said Wayne Pacelle, president and CEO of The Humane Society of the United States. “We hope that the bill is scheduled for a vote on the House floor soon, and that the Senate takes up the matter expeditiously.”\nExotic pets, like snakes, pose a major threat to native wildlife and can cost the government millions of dollars to address.\nAccording to one recently-published study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, ever-proliferating pythons in the Florida Everglades appear to be wiping out large numbers of small mammals.\nIn March 2010, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposed a rule to ban the nine species outlined in Rooney’s bill, which were identified by the United States Geological Survey report as posing a “significant risk.” In January 2012, Interior Secretary Ken Salazar announced a final rule restricting trade in just four of the nine species - a move that environmentalists say isn’t enough. By including only some species, critics say the trade will simply shift to other species, like boa constrictors and reticulated pythons. Unless all nine species are banned, threats to public safety, animal welfare, and the environment will continue unabated.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nordic-patent.dk/staff/adam-cruickshank/", "date": "2023-09-21T16:49:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506028.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20230921141907-20230921171907-00178.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.899135172367096, "token_count": 166, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__278507945", "lang": "en", "text": "Adam advises in all areas of life-science and especially in biotechnological, medicinal, and diagnostic technologies involving stem cells, antibodies, nucleic acids, vaccines, and peptides. He has a background in molecular biology with a focus on epigenetics and disease.\nAdam is experienced in working with universities, start-ups, and large firms, and has expertise in evaluating patentability, freedom to operate analyses, and drafting and prosecuting patent applications before the EPO.\nUniversity of Barcelona (B.Sc. Plant Biology, 2008)\nUniversity of California, Irvine (M.Sc. Biotechnology, 2010)\nCopenhagen University (BRIC, Ph.D. Health & Medical Sciences, 2014)\nEnglish, Danish, French, Spanish, Catalan.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.kidsforkids.org.uk/villagers-learn-about-best-pasture-for-new-goats/", "date": "2024-04-24T18:18:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819847.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424174709-20240424204709-00600.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9391422271728516, "token_count": 425, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__90070993", "lang": "en", "text": "As part of our Animal Husbandry Training sessions which are taking place over the next few weeks in our recently adopted villages, it is crucial that the Goat beneficiaries learn which plants are best to feed their new animals.\nHoweida Mohammed Ahmed, our Animal Production Officer, is leading the training in this area and will be explaining about local natural pasture plants.\nAwish, gow, kerjina, Bano, gharoub and grass roots are all natural pasture plants which provide a very good source of vitamins and minerals for Goats and help the animals stay healthy and give good milk production.\nThere are also man-made fodder cakes, made from melon juice with millet corns and cotton seed cakes, which are especially good for pregnant or lactating goats.\nHoweida will show the trainees how to plant fodder like sorghum in the rainy season in late July or early August when the rainfall rate is at its peak. The plants should be weeded before the final maturation when the fodder is cut. The fruits and the stem can then be put in sacks and kept in a dark place and left to dry. This green fodder will be kept and used in the dry season or when there is only a little rainfall. The stored green fodder will be of high nutritional value and great benefit to the animals.\nHere is Howeida Mohammed teaching the Villagers about the range of animal fodder and discussing pasture plants.\nThe next step is for us to purchase the Goats! It is such an exciting time of year!\nCan you please Donate a Goat today to help us ensure we can provide enough Goats for the poorest families in our new villages?\n£50 ($69) provides one Nanny Goat\n£66 ($92) provides one Billy Goat to be shared between three families\n£250 ($346) provides five Nanny Goats to one family\n£316 ($437) provides five Nanny Goats to a family and a Billy Goat (shared between three families)\nChoose how many Goats to Donate here – thank you so much!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.arrfsandiego.org/2015/12/01/the-health-benefits-of-spayneuter/", "date": "2019-04-25T13:59:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578721468.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20190425134058-20190425160058-00549.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9179040193557739, "token_count": 444, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__149140889", "lang": "en", "text": "Not only does spaying and neutering help reduce the risk of pet overpopulation, but the sterilization of your cat or dog will also increase his/her chance of a longer and healthier life!\nWhat is spay/neuter? The word “spay” refers to the sterilization (or altering) of female pets. The term “neuter,” while more commonly used to refer to the castration of male pets, can be used to describe the sterilization (or altering) of either female or male pets.\nAccording to SpayUSA.org, “Altering your canine friend will increase his life an average of 1 to 3 years, felines, 3 to 5 years. Altered animals have a very low to no risk of mammary gland tumors/cancer, prostate cancer, perianal tumors, pyometria, and uterine, ovarian and testicular cancers.”\nIn females, spaying and neutering reduces or eliminates the risk of mammary gland tumors, ovarian and/or uterine cancer, especially if done before the first heat cycle. In males, the risk of testicular cancer is eliminated, and decreases incidence of prostate disease.\nIf you are concerned that your pet might become overweight after spaying or neutering, keep in mind that just like people, pets become overweight when they eat too much and/or exercise too little. An appropriate diet and sufficient activity is all it takes to keep your pet slender and healthy after spaying or neutering.\nWhen in doubt ask your Veterinarian. Always consult your veterinarian about the most appropriate time to spay or neuter your pet based upon its breed, age and physical condition and discuss the health benefits and how spaying and neutering can benefit your pets.\nSPAY USA http://www.spayusa.org/benefits.php\nAmerican Veterinary Medical Association https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/spay-neuter.aspx\nBest Friends http://bestfriends.org/resources/general-pet-care/spay-or-neuter-your-pet", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://shelleygawith.com/product/21-day-reset-bundle-2-drinks/", "date": "2022-01-19T22:08:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320301592.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20220119215632-20220120005632-00451.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8716320395469666, "token_count": 267, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__55269497", "lang": "en", "text": "21 Day Reset Bundle\n$460.00 Plus GST\nBundle includes: 2x NutriClear, 2x NitroGreens and 1x Liver Support\n- 21 Day Detox meal reset plan\n- Soup ebook (for extra inspiration)\n- Weekly email reminders\n- An optional Facebook group\n- Before and after Online Nutritional Assessment\n- Stress beaker PDF exercise\nOut of stock\nNutriClear (Regular Price $105): A pea protein based, hypoallergenic clearing formula designed to support healthy GI function and normal detoxification pathways.\nNitroGreens/Bio Fibre (Regular Price $78): A rich source of phytonutrients including isoflavones, polyphenols, natural carotenoids, betalains, glucosinolates and isothiocynates, as well as naturally occurring enzymes, vitamins and trace minerals.\nLiver Support: The liver support we have provided on this detox is additional to the two drinks as we want to support your body as much as possible during this time to further enhance your liver detoxification pathway.It’s a unique formulation combining vitamins, minerals, amino acids, botanical components, and other nutritive synergists to support healthy Phase I and Phase II liver detoxification pathways", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bigdickguide.com/why-some-penises-curve/", "date": "2023-12-08T03:15:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100710.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208013411-20231208043411-00627.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9581913948059082, "token_count": 2079, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__3660607", "lang": "en", "text": "There are a few reasons why some dicks curve and others don't, but by and large a curved dick isn't a problem. But it might seem like a problem given the tendency of pornography to feature penises that are ramrod straight. In reality, curves are almost always natural and nothing to be worried about, and in some ways can be a bonus. The majority of men have some degree of curvature, some more than others.\nWhen it comes to understanding why a penis has a curve, it helps to understand the structure of the penis. The human penis is essentially a bundle of blood sponges wrapped in a skin balloon. These erectile tissue sponges — a pair of corpus cavernosum tubes on top and a corpus spongiosum on the bottom encasing the urethra — are fed blood by arteries and drained by veins.\nWhen you get an erection, the arteries open up and the veins close up, increasing blood pressure inside and forcing the erectile tissues to expand. The fact that there are three such tubes is almost always the underlying cause behind a curve.\nThe single most likely reason behind a penis having a curve is the fact that human bodies are imperfect and become even more imperfect as they grow. No human body is perfectly symmetrical, and that applies to penises as well. It only takes is for one of the erectile tissue tubes to be slightly shorter in its fully extended length to create a curve in that direction. It might not be obvious in the flaccid state, but once fully inflated the smaller tube finds itself pulling against its larger companions. Conversely, one of the tubes being larger than the others can lead to a curve away from that side.\nWhen one of the two corpus cavernosum is shorter than the other, it can lead to a curve to that side, left or right. When the corpus spongiosum is shorter it can result in a downward curve, while a longer one may lead to a penis that curves up.\nAgain, it is perfectly normal for there to be asymmetry in the human body. Most of us have uneven faces and limbs, it should not a surprise that penises do the same.\nUnbalanced blood supply\nEven if the erectile tissues themselves are all properly sized such that the erection should be straight, issues with the blood supply in the penis can also lead to a curvature.\nWhile the penis has a single artery that supplies it with boner-sustaining blood, that artery splits into multiple branches before entering the separate erectile tissues. A restriction or blockage in any one of those can lead to a decrease in blood supply to that side and thus reduced pressure and then a curve.\nConversely, if the veins that drain the penis experience a blockage or restriction they can increase the pressure on that side and cause a curve in the opposite direction. Veins can also fail to properly constrict, leading to reduced pressure and curvature as well.\nInternal scarring can cause penises to curve. The fibrous scar tissue doesn't stretch in the same way as the skin and erectile tissue, so its presence holds back that side of the penis from fully expanding, inducing a curve towards that side. Scar tissue is the most likely culprit when the curve is more of a \"bend\" in a single spot than a continuous curve.\nThere are multiple reasons why scar tissue may develop inside the penis. Obvious injuries like penile fracture can result in scar tissue forming around the wound site as the body heals. Less obvious injuries, including moderate bending under force and impacts, can cause scaring to develop. There's no guarantee that any of these will result in internal scar tissue, and there's no guarantee that such scar tissue with result in a curve.\nMen are very familiar with the sensitivity of their own penis, so avoiding these scenarios shouldn't be too hard for most men. But if you believe you've suffered an injury to your penis that could result in scarring, please talk to your doctor before things get bad.\nTaking internal scarring to the next level is Peyronie's disease. This condition is where internal scar tissue has occurred to such a degree that erections have a significant bend and often result in pain. The curvature with Peyronie's can be so extreme that it inhibits normal sexual activity, and the scaring can be so severe that it results in erectile dysfunction.\nThe causes of Peyronie's disease are not known, but theories include a genetic predisposition to the rampant development of fibrous plaques, or the body going into scar tissue overdrive after a relatively minor trauma to the penis. It's possible that both may play a role, or that the two are separate conditions lumped under the Peyronie's banner. Peyronie's disease can occur seemingly overnight, or develop slowly over time.\nCircumcision remains a controversial topic, the reasons behind it and opposition to it are not something that will be broached in this piece. What will be discussed is how botched circumcision can lead to penile curvature, especially when performed in adolescence or later instead of as an infant.\nCircumcisions involves the surgical removal of the foreskin, followed by the healing of the remaining tissues, leaving the glans fully exposed. When a circumcision is performed poorly and too much skin is removed, the healed wound may leave not enough skin on a particular side for the penis to fully extend, resulting in a bend to that side. The vast majority of circumcisions are performed without incident, and even poorly performed circumcisions on an infant or young child are less likely to result in curvature as there is still significant penile development to occur.\nInfluence of size on curvature\nLonger and thicker penises are not any more likely than shorter or thinner ones to develop a curvature. The biological processes that can lead to a curvature operate exactly the same way regardless of penis size. That said, a longer penis can have more of an apparent curve simply due to its size — given two penises with the same radius of curvature, the longer one will appear to have more of a curve just because it carrie the curve on for a greater distance.\nPenile fracture is a greater risk with longer penises, as there is simply more dick to be bent during rough intercourse.\nA curve can make a penis appear smaller, as it reduces the apparent length from base to tip. A curved penis isn't actually any smaller than if it were straight, but visually it can look that way. A road isn't any shorter because it has a curve in it! Measurement of a curved dick can present a challenge; the best option is to use a flexible tailors tape measure to get a length along the inside and outside of the curve, then averaging the two to get a close approximation of the midline length.\nUnderwear won't curve your dick\nThere is no evidence showing that clothing has any impact on a penis's curvature. It might make sense on a superficial level that tight briefs could result in a penis curving to whatever side it is worn, but the reality is that underwear is highly elastic and never so tight that it will restrict penis growth.\nFor every guy that has a penis that is curved to match how he dresses hiself, there's another that has a curve that doesn't match, or ended up with a curve despite wearing loose boxers.\nSo why does it seem like your curve matches your body and underwear. It's a coincidence that you have a relatively minor curve, and you simply wear your penis to the side where it's most comfortable. That's it.\nFixing a curved penis\nFor the most part, a curved penis is not something that is a medical concern or in need of correction. Curves up to 30º are considered to be within the realm of \"normal\", even if it doesn't meet the pornographic ideals we see in modern erotica. A substantial curve can be limiting in some positions (such as an upward curve being uncomfortable for the recipient in doggy), but it can also prove to be a bonus in stimulating areas a straight dick would struggle to reach. As with many things in life, you have no choice but to work with what you've been given.\nFor more extreme curves, medical intervention can be warranted. For curves that are the result of uneven growth, the only real option is the use of a traction device to manually straighten the penis. Worn over the course of several weeks or longer, the traction device applies a stretching force to the penis and can induce cellular division. While these are popularly marketed as length extenders, the primary recognized medical use for such devices is in curvature correction.\nFor men dealing with penile scar tissue, whether from injury or as a result or Peyronie's disease, treatment can take multiple courses and run through a few different stages. Injections of Interferon have been shown to be effective in preventing the formation of new scar tissue and even helped to break down existing scar tissues and reduce curvature. Collagenase injections have likewise been shown to break down scar tissues associated with Peyronie's and are currently under review by the FDA for such treatment.\nMultiple oral medications have been tested and shown to have little impact on curvature correction, including vitamin E, potassium amino-benzoate, carnitine, and tamoxifen. Newer proposed treatments of ultrasound, shockwaves, and radiation are currently under study, but aren't widely expected to have a significant impact.\nSurgery is also an option for the most severe curvature, especially those that result in pain with erections and where other treatments have proven ineffective. These surgeries can take a few different forms. One involves removing tissue from the opposite side of the curve to balance it out, and is considered the easiest and safest option, especially for men that already have an above-average penis. Another surgical option is to remove a problematic scar plaque and place a graft in its place, allowing that side to more fully extend, but this surgery is considered to be riskier and can result in more significant dysfunction.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://sjzyanran.com/lnprvetag/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7419hk", "date": "2021-10-23T08:00:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585653.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20211023064718-20211023094718-00112.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.938636302947998, "token_count": 260, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__69560319", "lang": "en", "text": "Ranchers giving their cattle antibiotics may be doing more than creating drug-resistant microbes: They could be boosting greenhouse gas emissions as well, a new study suggests. Researchers looked at the effect of a 3-day treatment of tetracycline, a commonly used antibiotic, on the amount of methane generated within the manure of cattle. Over the course of the experiment, emissions of planet-warming methane from the dung of antibiotic-dosed cows were, on average, 80% higher than those from the manure of untreated cattle, the team reports online today in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The boost may be due to a relative increase in methane-producing microorganisms called archaea in the digestive systems of treated cattle due to the suppression of antibiotic-susceptible bacteria, the team suggests. The findings are the first to note increased greenhouse gas emissions due to antibiotic use in cattle; a recent study suggests that methane emissions from cud-chewing livestock worldwide, including cows, account for about 4% of the greenhouse gas emissions related to human activity. Because methane emissions from a cow’s manure are typically lower than those released from its belching, future studies should look at the effect of antibiotics on that source of the greenhouse gas, too, the researchers suggest.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bubzico.com/blogs/news/baby-allergies-does-it-seem-like-your-baby-always-has-a-cold", "date": "2024-02-27T04:04:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474670.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227021813-20240227051813-00041.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9444481134414673, "token_count": 634, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__147941445", "lang": "en", "text": "Since the symptoms of nasal allergies are similar to cold symptoms, it can be difficult for parents to tell the difference.\nIf your baby is experiencing symptoms such as a runny nose, watery eyes, nasal congestion coughing, or sneezing, it is possible that he or she is suffering from persistent allergies rather than frequent colds.\nColds usually go away after seven to ten days. Allergic reactions last much longer, especially if the allergen is not removed from the baby’s environment.\nBabies can come into contact with allergens through a variety of ways, including eating them, touching them, or breathing them in.\nWhen an allergen upsets a baby, symptoms can range from mild to serious.\nAllergens can also cause skin symptoms like eczema or rashes. Respiratory symptoms are also commonly associated with nasal allergies or allergic rhinitis. Food allergies can trigger intestinal problems.\nSome tell-tale allergy symptoms include a runny nose, coughing, sneezing, or itching. Respiratory allergies are far more common than skin and food allergies, so be on high alert for these signs.\nSince there are so many possible allergens, parents must be diligent and observant when monitoring their baby’s environment.\nPay attention to how your baby responds to particular foods and certain rooms of your house. Pay attention to your baby’ reaction after taking certain drugs and consuming different types of food or formula.\nEnvironmental allergens like animal dander, dust, mold, insects, or pollen can be more difficult to recognize and control.\nIf your child is struggling with allergies and you are unsure of the cause, it is best to keep pets away from the baby until you have determined what is triggering your baby’s allergies.\nIf you suspect your baby is struggling to cope with animal dander, dust, pollen, or mold, make sure your house is clean. It is especially crucial that the baby’s room is dust-free and has clean air.\nThey say that dust mites cause allergic reactions in approximately 85% of allergy sufferers. If you can eliminate dust in your home, you may see some relief in your baby. A humidifier or air purifier may help better filter the air in your home and provide your baby some relief.\nIf symptoms like a stuffy or runny nose persist, trying using a nasal aspirator to clear your baby’s nostrils and open their airways. These symptoms are uncomfortable and you should try to alleviate them as soon as you notice them.\nBabies with nasal allergies are more prone to ear infections, asthma, and sinus infections, so it is important to remove anything your baby may be allergic to in his or her environment as soon as possible.\nIf you are unable to determine what is triggering your baby’s allergies after some sleuthing, it may be time to see a doctor.\n*Please note that the above advice is not from a professional medical source and should not be taken as medical advice. Contact your Doctor for more information*", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.automatworld.in/blog/water-conservation-in-farm-irrigation-and-how-modern-irrigation-techniques-can-help/", "date": "2023-12-04T12:19:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100529.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204115419-20231204145419-00662.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9349430799484253, "token_count": 535, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__13256506", "lang": "en", "text": "Groundwater is an essential freshwater resource stored in underground reservoirs called “aquifers”. “These aquifers supply drinking water to over two billion people, and around 70% of withdrawals are used for agriculture. However, more than half of the world’s major aquifers are being depleted faster than they can be naturally replenished. As groundwater accumulates over thousands of years, it is essentially a non-renewable resource.\nThe tipping point in this case is reached when the water table falls below a level that existing wells can access. Once crossed, farmers will no longer have access to groundwater to irrigate their crops. “This not only puts farmers at risk of losing their livelihood, but can also lead to food insecurity and put entire food production systems at risk of failure.\nMany farmers throughout the world rely on groundwater, nearby water sources, and pumping supplies to water their crops. Conventional agriculture is known for its high water usage. However, water conservation in agriculture has become increasingly important for the health of the environment and the sustainability of agriculture. By using water more efficiently, better-yield crops can grow while using less water, contributing to preserving one of nature’s most valuable resources.\nWater conversion in agriculture has become increasingly crucial for the health of the environment and the sustainability of agriculture.\nTechniques for Effective Water Conservation:\n- Drip Irrigation\n- Capturing and Storing Water\n- Crop Rotation\n- Conservation Tillage\n- Adoption of Drought-Resistant Crops\n- Use of Organic Fertilizers and Mulch\nImportance of Water Conservation:\n- Optimizes water use\n- Maximizes crop yields\n- Promotes long-term sustainability in agriculture\nWhy Water Conservation is Required?\nWater scarcity is becoming a growing concern in many regions, exacerbated by population growth, climate change, and competing water demands. Efficient water conservation practices in agriculture help reduce the pressure on limited water supplies and mitigate the impacts of water scarcity on both agricultural production and ecosystems. Water conservation in agriculture is vital for preserving limited water resources, mitigating water scarcity, and ensuring sustainable food production. Adopting efficient irrigation methods and water-saving techniques can help farmers optimize water usage, reduce environmental impact, and maintain the long-term viability of agricultural systems.\nBut water conservation in agriculture is not just about preserving resources for food production. It also has a far-reaching impact on the environment and human well-being. For example, conserving water in agriculture can help to reduce the stress on water systems, maintain healthy ecosystems, and preserve aquatic life.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.fulholdpharma.com/chd-fa/", "date": "2020-03-29T21:34:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370496227.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20200329201741-20200329231741-00475.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9344674944877625, "token_count": 264, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-16", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__39996679", "lang": "en", "text": "Highly effective against a broad range of pathogens – as the single active ingredient or in combination with existing drugs\nOverview of CHD-FA Platform Technology\n‘Platform Technology’ is a term for technology that enables and reduces the time, effort and cost of the development of multiple applications using the same ‘platform’.\nCHD-FA is a novel pharmaceutical platform technology and the base active ingredient in many current and planned formulations for the prevention or treatment of a wide variety of medical conditions.\nCHD-FA is a safe, non-toxic, water soluble and heat stable ingredient that is manufactured to GMP standards. It is a new, pure, uniform version of an ancient ingredient from nature – environmental fulvic acid. Environmental fulvic acid is derived from the microbial breakdown of plant and animal carbohydrate and has been present in the environment for millions of years.\nCHD-FA, however, is environmental fulvic acid but without the environmental contaminants such as heavy metals, herbicide and pesticide residues. It is a safer and more effective form of fulvic acid than that sourced from the environment.\nRe-usable evidence such as the proven safety and toxicity data means that CHD-FA can provide the platform technology for a wide range of applications at vastly reduced timeframes and cost.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.southcharlottepainrelief.com/functional-medicine.html", "date": "2021-12-04T02:11:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362923.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20211204003045-20211204033045-00387.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9300240278244019, "token_count": 262, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__31030815", "lang": "en", "text": "Your IFM Assessment\nYour Integrative Functional Medicine Assessment lets us understand how your body's systems are working together and which ones are not performing, causing metabolic imbalances that show up as various diseases. We then customize a treatment plan, which may combine nutrition, pharmaceutical grade supplements, dietary programs and exercise, and can be developed to prevent or treat chronic illness and promote long-term health. A Functional Medicine Assessment utilizes various biomarkers to assess the overall health of your body's systems.\nWhile conventional medicine approach suppresses the patients' symptoms, Integrative Functional Medicine addresses the underlying causes of disease, using a systems-oriented approach, engaging both patient and doctor in a therapeutic partnership. Both patient and doctor engage in a quest to understand why the symptoms exist in the first place and address the root causes of the disease, which include genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, nutrition and lifestyle choices.\nHaving been trained in Integrative Functional Medicine, I understand the importance of listening to your story, evaluating, and determining the root causes of your immediate and long-term health problems. Virtually every chronic illness is preceded by long-term disturbance in function that can be identified and effectively managed. By addressing these disturbances, we can change how your systems function, which can have a major impact on your health.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://themovers.se/", "date": "2021-05-16T16:02:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991224.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20210516140441-20210516170441-00353.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9231566786766052, "token_count": 157, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__130809396", "lang": "en", "text": "In July 1874, a swarm of Rocky Mountain locusts flew over Nebraska covering an area estimated at 198,600 square miles. It is estimated that the swarm contained about 12.5 trillion insects. These insects became extinct thirty years later.\nThe reason why tattoos do not vanish even though we shed our skin is because the dye is injected deeper into the dermis part of the skin. It is only the epidermis that we shed.\nThe Titanics whistles could be heard from 11 miles away.\nYes, this domain is AVAILABLE for purchase!\nDomain Brokers Sweden is an authorized sales agent for this premium domain.\nPlease click HERE to enquire about this domain\n(or contact us directly at firstname.lastname@example.org)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://ijj.cgpublisher.com/product/pub.212/prod.97", "date": "2017-09-20T23:44:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818687582.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170920232245-20170921012245-00574.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8809394836425781, "token_count": 297, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__245070923", "lang": "en", "text": "|Published online: July 17, 2014||$US5.00|\nThe growth in the population of adults over the age of 65 is projected to double over the next thirty years. Additionally, the trend towards increasing dependence on community-provided support for the elderly must compel us to initiate new ways to support healthy aging. Circadian (twenty-four hour) rhythm disturbances have been associated with symptoms of cognitive decline in the elderly including mood, behavioral, and sleep disturbances (Riemersma-van der Lek et al. 2008). There is prolific research indicating the impact of light on the immune system. Advances in the field of neuroscience have documented cells in the eye that are sensitive to blue-shifted white light, and which through the suppression of the hormone melatonin are now understood to be critical in resetting circadian systems in the body. This article presents a theoretical approach for combining the fields of physiology and psychology to create an adaptive lighting system for a “common room” that supports health for the segment of the population fifty years and older.\n|Keywords:||Daylight, Melatonin, Healthy Aging, Mood, Circadian Rhythm, Dynamic Lighting, Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), Sympathetic Nervous System, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Glass Conservatory|\nAssistant Professor Interior Design, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://maxperformancesupplements.com/what-can-whey-protein-do-for-you/", "date": "2024-04-23T23:04:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818835.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423223805-20240424013805-00452.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.952673614025116, "token_count": 326, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__199182301", "lang": "en", "text": "Whey protein is a type of protein derived from milk. It is a complete protein, meaning it contains all nine essential amino acids that the body cannot produce on its own. Because of its high protein content, whey protein is often used as a supplement to help build and repair muscle tissue. Here are some potential benefits of whey protein:\n- Supports muscle growth and repair: After a workout, your body needs protein to repair and rebuild muscle tissue. Supplementing with whey protein can help ensure that your body has enough protein to do this effectively.\n- May improve exercise performance: Some research suggests that whey protein may help improve exercise performance by increasing muscle strength and power.\n- May aid weight loss: Some studies have shown that consuming whey protein as part of a calorie-controlled diet may help people lose weight and body fat.\n- May reduce inflammation: Some research suggests that whey protein may have anti-inflammatory effects, which may be beneficial for people with certain conditions such as arthritis.\n- May lower blood pressure: Some research suggests that consuming whey protein may help lower blood pressure in people with high blood pressure.\n- Whey protein benefits intestinal health by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillus) and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria (such as Stenotrophomonas).\n- Whey protein also has potent antioxidant activity because it is rich in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. With a high concentration of these amino acids, immune function is enhanced through intracellular conversion to glutathione (GSH).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.c-techlabs.com/biomedical-imaging/", "date": "2022-11-26T13:42:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446706291.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20221126112341-20221126142341-00237.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8505804538726807, "token_count": 222, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__117949667", "lang": "en", "text": "WORLD’S FIRST ECVT 4D BREAST CANCER SCANNER\nECVT Breast, 4D BREAST CANCER SCANNER\nECVT requires only seconds, radiation free, to scan whole breast to find abnormalities within the breast caused by malignant cancers, benign tumors or simple cysts without performing biopsy.\nThe ECVT differentiates malignant breast cancers from benign tumors and simple cysts based on differences in the permittivity value of the reconstructed images. The study shows a demarcation value of maximum normalized permittivity which is regarded as Cell Electrical Activity Index (CEAI) or MALIGNANCY INDEX of 0.3 to classify the malignant cancers from benign tumors and simple cysts. The ECVT is more sensitive to detect malignant cancer than simple cysts or benign tumors.\nMammography and USG are used as golden standards for breast cancer examination in clinical practices, ECVT provides 3D images of the breast in great conformity with the golden standards.\nECVT Images of Breast (click on image for enlarge)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.rangeley-maine.com/sports-outdoors/emergency-rules-enacted-to-protect-deer-moose-herd-prevent-spread-of-chronic-wasting-disease/", "date": "2023-06-02T12:17:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648635.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20230602104352-20230602134352-00462.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9394461512565613, "token_count": 461, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__233041963", "lang": "en", "text": "AUGUSTA, Maine — With Chronic Wasting Disease discovered in bordering Quebec, the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries implemented emergency rules today designed to protect Maine’s deer and moose herds, and keep Maine CWD free.\n“Chronic Wasting Disease is the most serious threat facing our deer and moose populations in modern times,” said Chandler Woodcock, Commissioner of the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife. “Unchecked, this disease could devastate Maine’s Deer and Moose populations, and ravage Maine’s hunting and wildlife watching economy.”\nCWD is an always fatal neurological disease that affects white-tailed deer, moose and other cervids such as elk and caribou. CWD is caused by a mutant protein called a prion, which causes lesions in the brain. Research shows prions can be shed in saliva, blood, urine, feces, antler velvet, and body fat. Prions bind to soil where they can remain infectious for years. CWD is always fatal, there is no treatment, vaccine or resistance, and once present in the state, it is nearly impossible to eradicate.\nIn order to halt the spread of CWD and keep this devastating disease out of Maine, the Department has implemented the following rules regarding the importation of deer and other cervids into the state of Maine. It is now illegal to bring cervid carcasses or parts except in the following manner:\nIn addition, the rule also prohibits the temporary importation of cervid carcasses and parts that are in-transit through Maine to another jurisdiction. These rules apply to all states and provinces with the exception of New Hampshire.\nIn addition, the Department urges all hunters to help halt the spread of CWD by following these guidelines:\nFollowing these guidelines will help prevent the spread of CWD as Deer shed prions in urine, feces, and saliva and Infected animals can start shedding prions nearly a year before showing clinical signs of the disease.\n“We hope that all hunters take an active role in keeping CWD out of Maine by doing their part to prevent the spread of CWD,” said Woodcock.\nThis article was written by Rangeley News Hound", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.jcmurrell.co.uk/ornella-carrion-fonseca", "date": "2021-10-18T21:12:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585209.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20211018190451-20211018220451-00052.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9204007387161255, "token_count": 262, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__69307755", "lang": "en", "text": "Ornella Carrion Fonseca\nSenior Research Associate\nMy interest in Microbiology drove me to study a degree in Biology and an MSc in Microbiology at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. During my PhD at the University of Barcelona, I characterized Antarctic bacteria that produced dimethylsulfide (DMS) through a novel biosynthetic pathway. DMS is an environmentally important gas due to its role in the global sulfur cycle, for being a potent chemoattractant for higher organisms and its potential effects on climate regulation. My early post-doctoral research, in Jonathan Todd’s lab at the University of East Anglia, focused on investigating the activity of this novel DMS-producing pathway in different environments to assess its contribution to the global DMS emissions.\nIn my current project in the Murrell lab I study bacterial metabolism of another important trace gas, isoprene. Despite isoprene being emitted to the atmosphere in similar amounts to methane and having a significant impact on atmospheric chemistry, very little is known about its biogeochemical cycling. My role in this project will be to study the abundance, diversity and activity of isoprene degraders in the environment to assess the impact that microbes have in mitigating the effects of this important climate-active gas.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://packedman.com/get-rid-ingrown-hair/", "date": "2021-10-20T13:55:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585321.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20211020121220-20211020151220-00117.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9173598885536194, "token_count": 1676, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__42583782", "lang": "en", "text": "Many of us have them. Those with curly hair are more likely to get them than others. The good news they’re not impossible to get rid of! This article will discuss how to get rid of ingrown hair and how to prevent them from occurring in the first place.\nWhat is the cause of ingrown hair?\nIngrown hair is a condition where hair curls back or grows sideways into the skin. The condition is most prevalent among people who have coarse or curly hair.\nIt may or may not be accompanied by an infection of the hair follicle (folliculitis) or “razor bumps” (pseudofolliculitis barbae), which vary in size.\nWhile ingrown hair most commonly appears in areas where the skin is shaved or waxed (beard, legs, pubic region), it can appear anywhere.\nAnything which causes the hair to be broken off unevenly with a sharp tip can cause ingrown hairs. Ingrown hairs are also caused because of lack of natural exfoliation in the skin.\nAfter a hair has been shaved, it begins to grow back. Curly hair tends to curl into the skin instead of straight out the follicle, leading to an inflammation reaction.\nThis can make the skin look purple and red, and in some cases, it can even look like pimples. These inflamed papules or pustules can form especially if the area becomes infected.\nThis is especially problematic for black men who have naturally beautiful, coarse, or tightly curled thick hair. Curly hair increases the likelihood of ingrown hairs by a factor of 50!\nTwo types of ingrown hairs\nThere are two types of ingrown hairs transfollicular and extrafollicular.\nThe extrafollicular hair is a hair that has exited the follicle and reentered the skin.\nThe transfollicular hair never exits the follicle, but because of its naturally curly nature curls back into the follicle causing fluid build-up and irritation.\nThere is even a gene that has been linked to razor bumps. There is evidence that those with a keratin gene mutation are more likely to have ingrown hairs. This is because the gene structurally weakens the hair shaft making it more likely the beard will ingrown.\nIf left untreated over time, razor bumps can turn into keloid or raised scarring in the beard area. This especially happens if the razor bumps become infected.\nA keloid scar is a result of an overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of a healed skin injury. Keloid scars are firm, rubbery lesions or shiny, fibrous nodules, and can vary from pink to the color of the person’s skin or red to dark brown in color.\nA keloid scar is benign (non-cancerous) and not contagious, but sometimes accompanied by severe itchiness, pain, and changes in texture.\nIn severe cases, it can affect the movement of skin. Keloid scars are seen 15 times more frequently in black people than whites.\nOld school ingrown hair removal\nThe tried and true old-fashioned method to get rid of ingrown hair is with a warm damp washcloth and a pair of tweezers.\nStep 1: Sterilize your tweezers by holding the pointed end on a flame for 30-60 seconds\nStep 2: Soak a clean washcloth in warm water\nStep 3: Press the washcloth against the skin for 3 minutes. They say it will soften the hair to bring it closer to the surface.\nStep 4: With your sterilized tweezers gentle grab at the hair and pull out the embedded end\nStep 5: Clean the area with Dr. Squatch Men’s Soap Bar. It’s organic and handmade in the USA\nHere is a video of this being done with a needle.\nAs you can see this method is quite time consuming and painful. Luckily for us there are better ways to remove ingrown hairs.\nNew school ingrown hair removal\nUse an exfoliating brush to help dislodge the hair. This brush has a patented design to easily and painlessly expose ingrown hairs via exfoliation.\nStep 1: Clean the area to be treated\nStep 2: Soak it with a warm damp washcloth.\nStep 3: Move the brush in a circular motion around the affected area.\nMost people use it in or after the shower\n2. Use TendSkin liquid ingrown hair treatment\nThis animal cruelty-free product is very popular to remove ingrown hairs. I actually recommend you use it in combination with the Wizker brush.\nThis is the best aftershave to prevent ingrown hairs and razor bumps on the market. Aftershave is really the wrong word since you need to apply it for a few days after you’ve shaved.\nIt works by using Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) as its active ingredient. The ASA unblocks pores and soothes skin. It then uses Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, and Diglycerin.\nThese chemicals help deliver the ASA and give a soothing feel good sensation to the skin.\nYes, it really works!\nStep 1: Dry the skin first! Using it on wet can may cause an adverse reaction\nStep 2: Apply a thin coat once in the morning after showing to the affected area\nStep 3: Apply a thin coat to the affected after after shaving and drying the skin\n3. Use a Good Shave Gel\nA good shave gel will help to prevent ingrown hair by minimizing the irritation caused by shaving. Bump Patrol Shave Gel is dermatologist approved and proven to prevent and get rid of ingrown hairs. People have reported positive results within one week.\nStep 1: Put a warm towel on the area to be shaved and leave it for 2 minutes\nStep 2: Shave with the grain\nStep 3: Apply warm towel to clean the shaved area\nStep 4: Shave again this time using the side stroke across the face from the ear to the mouth\nStep 5: Apply Bump Patrol After Shave\nWatch a video on the shaving technique here\n4. Use pfb Vanish\nPFB is used by women and men to remove ingrown hairs. It contains natural ingredients such as willow bark and camphor oil. These work in tandem with other gentle ingredients to get rid of ingrown hair and keep your skin looking healthy .\nStep 1: Dry the skin first!\nStep 2: Roll on the affected area after shaving and again at night\nIf waxing apply pfb Vanish for two days prior to the waxing treatment.\nHow to Get Rid of Ingrown Hair? Prevent! Prevent! Prevent!\nOption 1 Liquids + Good Razor\nAs always prevention is the best medicine guys. If you want to prevent ingrown hairs we recommend using a good quality razor.\nNow despite what some guys might try and sell you a $500 golden razor is not needed to prevent ingrown hairs from occurring in the first place.\nFirst, you can use Tend Skin or pfb Vanish in the morning prior to shaving.\nThen you want a good razor.\nI love these because they’re inexpensive and they get the job done.\nOption 2: Philips Norelco Oneblade QP6520/70 Pro Hybrid Electric Trimmer and Shaver\nI love the Philips Norelco Oneblade Razor!\nIt trims close and can shave even closer but not too close to avoid skin irritation. The blade lasts up to 4 months and is replaceable.\nIt’s wet dry capable and of course, contains a rechargeable lithium-ion battery. With its 14 length settings, you can choose whatever length is best for you.\nI recommend the second to last shortest length to leave 1.5mm of stubble in order to prevent ingrown hairs.\nI hope you found this article useful and I value your feedback!\nFinally, consider Turmeric and Bioperine to keep your skin radiant and less susceptible to scaring from ingrown hairs.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://newsworldvn.com/asias-best-wildlife-reserves.html", "date": "2023-09-27T14:57:01Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510300.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927135227-20230927165227-00067.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8290196657180786, "token_count": 1206, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__157100272", "lang": "en", "text": "Asia is a continent renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, ancient cultures, and rich biodiversity. Among its many natural wonders, Asia’s best wildlife reserves stand out as havens of untamed beauty and biodiversity. In this article, we invite you to embark on an awe-inspiring journey, delving into the remarkable wildlife reserves that showcase the continent’s diverse ecosystems and the magnificent creatures that inhabit them. From the lush rainforests of Borneo to the vast grasslands of Mongolia, Asia’s best wildlife reserves offer a glimpse into the raw and untamed essence of the continent by Newsworldvn.\nAsia’s Best Wildlife Reserves: Discover the Untamed Beauty of the Continent\n- The Magnificence of Asian Wildlife Reserves:\nIntroduce the concept of wildlife reserves and their significance in preserving and protecting the natural heritage of Asia. Discuss the crucial role these reserves play in conserving endangered species, promoting ecotourism, and raising awareness about the importance of biodiversity conservation.\n- Borneo’s Danum Valley Conservation Area:\nExplore the pristine rainforests of Borneo’s Danum Valley Conservation Area. Discuss the incredible variety of flora and fauna, including the elusive Bornean orangutans, pygmy elephants, and vibrant bird species Asia’s best wildlife reserves. Highlight the importance of this reserve in preserving the endangered species and the unique ecosystem of Southeast Asia.\n- The Serengeti of Asia: Kaziranga National Park, India:\nShift focus to India’s Kaziranga National Park, often referred to as the Serengeti of Asia’s best wildlife reserves. Discuss the park’s vast grasslands, wetlands, and dense forests, which provide a sanctuary for the endangered Indian rhinoceros, tigers, and numerous bird species. Highlight the successful conservation efforts and the unique opportunity for wildlife enthusiasts to observe these magnificent creatures up close.\n- Ranthambore National Park: A Royal Abode of Tigers:\nDelve into the royal history and thriving tiger population of Ranthambore National Park in India. Discuss the park’s ancient ruins, picturesque lakes, and the majestic Bengal tigers that roam freely within its boundaries. Emphasize the conservation initiatives aimed at protecting these endangered big cats and the unforgettable safari experiences available to visitors.\n- Mongolia’s Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park:\nVenture into the arid landscapes of Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park in Mongolia. Discuss the unique desert ecosystem, the towering sand dunes, and the diverse wildlife that has adapted to this harsh environment Asia’s best wildlife reserves. Highlight the park’s iconic inhabitants, such as the elusive snow leopard, wild Bactrian camels, and Gobi bears, and the importance of their preservation.\n- The Enigmatic Komodo National Park:\nExplore the fascinating world of Komodo National Park in Indonesia. Discuss the legendary Komodo dragons, the world’s largest lizards, which roam freely on the park’s islands. Emphasize the park’s marine biodiversity, vibrant coral reefs, and the opportunity for visitors to witness the natural wonders both above and below the water’s surface.\n- Chitwan National Park: A Wildlife Haven in Nepal:\nShift focus to Nepal’s Chitwan National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site and a haven for diverse wildlife. Discuss Asia’s best wildlife reserves the park’s dense forests, grasslands, and the endangered one-horned rhinoceros that call it home. Highlight the unique experiences offered, including elephant safaris, birdwatching, and interactions with the local Tharu community.\n- The Rich Marine Life of Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Philippines:\nDive into the crystal-clear waters of Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park in the Philippines. Discuss the park’s vibrant coral reefs, teeming with a dazzling array of marine life, including sea turtles, manta rays, and countless fish species Asia’s best wildlife reserves. Emphasize the park’s role in marine conservation and the opportunity for snorkelers and divers to explore this underwater paradise.\n- Way Kambas National Park: A Sanctuary for Sumatran Wildlife:\nExplore the dense rainforests and swamp ecosystems of Way Kambas National Park in Sumatra, Indonesia. Discuss Asia’s best wildlife reserves the park’s efforts to protect the critically endangered Sumatran tiger, elephants, and rhinoceros. Highlight the park’s conservation programs, including rehabilitation centers and educational initiatives aimed at preserving these iconic species.\n- The Future of Asia’s Wildlife Reserves:\nConclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities facing Asia’s best wildlife reserves. Highlight the importance of sustainable tourism, community involvement, and international collaboration in ensuring the long-term survival of these precious ecosystems and their inhabitants. Encourage readers to support conservation efforts and experience the untamed beauty of Asia’s wildlife reserves firsthand.\nAsia’s best wildlife reserves offer a gateway to a world of untamed beauty, where diverse ecosystems flourish and magnificent creatures roam free. From the dense rainforests of Borneo to the arid landscapes of Mongolia, these reserves provide a glimpse into the continent’s rich biodiversity and the importance of conservation. By exploring Asia’s wildlife reserves and supporting their preservation, we not only embark on unforgettable adventures but also contribute to the protection of our planet’s natural heritage. Let us embrace the opportunity to discover the untamed beauty of Asia’s best wildlife reserves, forging a deeper connection with the incredible wildlife and ecosystems that make our continent truly remarkable.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.forestbooks.co.uk/books/detail/8580.htm", "date": "2017-04-30T01:07:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917123635.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031203-00623-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8588982224464417, "token_count": 131, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__89398236", "lang": "en", "text": "KERSHAW (J. C.). Butterflies of Hongkong [and South-East China.]1907\nHongkong: Kelly & Walsh, Limited, Large 4to, v, 184pp., 22 (20 coloured) plates each with a tissue guard, cont. quarter morocco, marbled boards, spine faded and rubbed, head and foot a little frayed, upper joint starting. A detailed account of the butterflies in south east China and their caterpillars, with fine coloured plates. Originally issued in VI parts, 1905-06, with cover title: Butterflies of Hongkong and South-East China.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://canadiangeriatrics.ca/Biogen", "date": "2022-11-29T13:47:38Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710698.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20221129132340-20221129162340-00589.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.941087543964386, "token_count": 153, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__216422096", "lang": "en", "text": "At Biogen, our mission is clear: we are pioneers in neuroscience.\nSince our founding in 1978 as one of the world’s first global biotechnology companies, Biogen has led innovative scientific research with the goal, over the last decade, to defeat devastating neurological diseases. We believe that no other disease area holds as much need or as much promise for medical breakthroughs as neuroscience. Our focus on neuroscience, our deep scientific expertise and our courage to take risks make us leaders in the research and development of medicines to transform neuroscience to benefit society.\nCaring Deeply. Working Fearlessly. Changing Lives.\nClick on any of the below brochures to view in large screen, or to download/print.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.newsip.in/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8-sle-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%9C/", "date": "2020-10-23T20:55:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107865665.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20201023204939-20201023234939-00626.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.941978394985199, "token_count": 138, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__51694878", "lang": "en", "text": "Smoking is injurious to various organ systems of human body. Inhaled smoke not only causes inflammation in the lungs but also in rest of the body. Evidence suggests that smoking is an independent risk factor for onset of multiple autoimmune rheumatic diseases like Rheumatiod Arthritis, Lupus (SLE).\nIt also results in increased number of relapses in RA despite patients being on regular treatment.Smoking modulate the immune system through many ways including induction of inflammatory response, alteration of cytokine balance, DNA damage and cell death. Smoking reduces the efficacy of antirheumatic drugs in patients. The risk appears elevated even in past smokers until 20 years after cessation.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://neuvoo.com.br/view/?id=463e59b0a63f", "date": "2022-08-18T02:25:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573145.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818003501-20220818033501-00143.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8462357521057129, "token_count": 376, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__1858831", "lang": "en", "text": "Conduct soy and corn research / trials according to procedures established and adapt new procedures when necessary.\nPlan new trials / research with research manager support.\nResponsible for activities for soy and corn, such as planning, data taking, seed movement, and data quality validation and data analysis.\nMaintain and improve daily operations to keep work efficient.\nSupervise assigned projects.\nMaintain research facilities and operations inside and outside CORTEVA location in complete accordance with CORTEVA safety standards.\nCoordinate drought experiments, ensuring adequate irrigation and evaluation at the appropriate time.\nDesignate tasks, instruct and supervise part-time workers.\nPlan the needs for temporary work hiring for soy harvest and safrinha corn planting and evaluation.\nHelp controlling operational expenses within budget.\nPerform field evaluations, collecting data to support breeders for material selections.\nInserts and extracts data from the CORTEVA database system.\nInteract with Supply for administrative and safety purposes.\nCoordinate field evaluations and data analysis.\nMinimum : M.Sc. in genetics, plant breeding, molecular biology, or related field.\nDesirable : PhD. in genetics, plant breeding, molecular biology, or related field.\n2 to 4 years of experience in plant breeding activities.\nStrong interpersonal and communication skills.\nAbility to delegate responsibilities.\nGood leadership abilities.\nAdvanced English skills.\nComputer systems (including Windows applications).\nField experience in preparing, conducting experiments, and taking data.\nKnowledge of genetics, plant breeding, statistics, and biotechnology.\nKnowledge of statistical softwares (R, ASReml).\nAbility to analyze phenotypic and genotypic data.\nDriver's License, category B.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.orodeicolli.com/en/mieleinfavonaturale", "date": "2024-04-12T12:13:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296815919.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412101354-20240412131354-00667.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9489931464195251, "token_count": 249, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__72672858", "lang": "en", "text": "What is it?\nNatural honey in the comb is a product of natural beekeeping; this type of beekeeping aims to safeguard the well-being of bees as the main pollinators. To achieve this noble objective, natural beekeeping avoids nomadism and the use of industrially produced wax sheets, ensuring that bees have enough reserves for their sustenance instead of relying on frequent nutritional substitutes.\nNatural comb honey means that bees deposit honey (as well as pollen) in a comb that they themselves have constructed. The comb is therefore a natural product consisting of a series of hexagonal cells made of beeswax, typically containing raw honey. The comb is rich in carbohydrates, antioxidants, and traces of many other nutrients; as such, natural comb honey is edible. When consuming it, along with the honey and pollen inside, the experience is akin to chewing fragrant and sweet gum.\nRaw honey, in addition to the nutrients described above, provides small amounts of proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Furthermore, since it is not processed in any way, it contains enzymes like glucose oxidase, which give natural honey antimicrobial and antibacterial properties. Its texture, when tasted, tends to have a thicker consistency compared to filtered honey.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.drvarsha.com/myths-and-facts-about-fats-and-cholesterol/", "date": "2024-04-18T18:19:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817222.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418160034-20240418190034-00538.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9374454617500305, "token_count": 2803, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__72422038", "lang": "en", "text": "There are a number of doubts, myths and beliefs about cholesterol and fats in our diet as well as their impact on our health. Let us start by understanding, in what forms do we take fats in our diet –\nLIPIDS are a chemical class that includes all oily, fatty substances which do not dissolve in water but dissolve in organic liquids (organic substances contain Carbon which forms ‘covalent’ or electron-sharing bonds with Hydrogen). We take lipids in our diet in the form of FATS and CHOLESTEROL.\nFats contain ‘fatty acids’ which are made of chains of Carbon (C) atoms forming bonds with Hydrogen (H) atoms. Some of the fatty acids may have double bonds in one or more sites in these chains. At these sites, the fatty acid chain acquires flexibility and can be bent. Fatty acids are a vital component of the membranes that cover and line all the cells in our body. However, only the ‘flexible’ fatty acids can be incorporated and used in the cell membranes.\nUnderstanding Saturated and Unsaturated Fats\nThose fatty acids which do not contain any ‘double bonds’ are called saturated fatty acids. These fats are not flexible and bendable, so do not get incorporated into our cell membranes. They get stored as triglycerides (TGs) by our body in the liver, muscle, and adipose (fat under the skin and in between body organs). This storage form of fat may be used as a source of energy once carbohydrates (carbs) are exhausted. It is also important to note that excess carbs in diet are also converted and stored as triglycerides by our body.\nThose fatty acids which contain double bonds are called unsaturated fatty acids or fats. If only one double bond is present, they are mono-unsaturated and if more than one is present, they are poly-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA respectively).\nCis and Trans Unsaturated Fats\nIt has recently been researched that just having double bond/s does not bestow flexibility on the fatty acid. If both the H atoms are on the same side of the double bond, they are said to be in ‘cis’ configuration while if the H atoms are on opposite sides of the double bond, they are said to be in a ‘trans’ configuration. Flexibility and bendability are present in the cis configuration while the trans ones cannot be bent and are not flexible. So it is the cis unsaturated fatty acid that gets incorporated into cell membranes, while the trans ones go into storage just like the saturated ones.\nMost naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids occur in cis configuration however on deep frying or during processing for packaged foods, the cis configuration is changed to trans (by a process called hydrogenation) which increases the stability and shelf life of these products. Therefore, cis-unsaturated fatty acids are the best forms of fat for us to take in our diet to ensure least is stored or deposited, and more is actively utilized in our body.\nPUFAs are additionally also utilized by our body to make some chemical mediators that play an important role in the process of Inflammation. There are 2 types of PUFA – Omega 6 and Omega 3 (the number reflects the position of the double bond). They should be taken in a ratio of around 4:1 in our diet for an effective balance of the inflammatory mediators. However, most diets are low in Omega 3 (that produces anti-inflammatory mediators) with this ratio often going up to 12:1 to 25:1 in favor of the Omega 6 (that produces pro-inflammatory mediators). So it is important to consciously include some sources of Omega 3 fatty acids in our diet.\nMedium and Long-chain Saturated Fats\nSaturated fatty acids are classified into short-chain (less than 6 C atoms), medium-chain (6-12 C atoms) and long-chain (>12 C atoms). Medium and long-chain saturated fatty acids are found in diet, while short-chain fatty acids are produced by bacterial action on the dietary fibers in the gut. These short-chain fatty acids reduce gut inflammation and strengthen gut immunity, therefore including more fibers (through salads – fruits and vegetables) is beneficial.\nRecent research has shown that the long-chain fatty acids from diet are easily stored as TGs while the medium-chain fatty acids are preferably burned up as a source of energy. So among the saturated fats, medium-chain ones are preferable to include than long-chain ones. Coconut oil and palm oil have 50% and 40% medium-chain saturated fats respectively while other sources from meat and dairy have less than 15% medium-chain and mostly long-chain fatty acids. Coconut oil is also rich in vitamins and minerals so it is the preferred one in the saturated group.\nSo one should include preferably cis unsaturated fats along with some amount of specifically omega 3 fatty acids and some amount of medium-chain saturated fats in the diet for an appropriate and healthy lipid balance.\nCholesterol is a type of lipid that has an entirely different structure than fats. It has a complex structure derived from the steroid class of substances. Cholesterol is also an important component of cell membranes and is additionally used by the body to make vitamin D, bile and hormones.\nIt is found in many foods we take in diet but most of the cholesterol found in our body is synthesized by the body itself (usually 20% from the diet; 80% by the body). Due to the important role of cholesterol in our body, the synthesis of cholesterol is meticulously regulated, which means, if less comes in through the diet, the body will automatically synthesize more and vice versa. Therefore, total cholesterol in the body remains almost constant!\nSMOKE POINTS OF OILS\nThis is the temperature at which an oil smokes or burns, and breaks down the fats into harmful substances like free radicals and carcinogens. Therefore depending on the smoke point of the oil, it should be used in cooking and food preparation appropriately.\nHEALTH RISKS WITH HIGH DIETARY FAT AND CHOLESTEROL INTAKE\nThe fatty acids (fats) are stored in the liver as triglycerides (TGs) along with cholesterol. Special proteins combine with TGs and cholesterol and carry them in the blood to other parts of the body from the liver. Proteins combined with lipids are called ‘lipoproteins’.\nVLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) carries a large amount of TG along with some cholesterol in the blood. After giving off the TG to other storage sites like muscle and adipose, the lipoprotein left behind is called LDL (low-density lipoprotein) which has mostly cholesterol and some TG. VLDL and LDL (especially the latter) if present in high quantities in the blood can form plaques (called atherosclerosis) that can lead to blockages of blood vessels. The smaller and denser LDL has the greatest propensity to form these plaques. The more the number of VLDL and thereby LDL particles circulating in the blood, the more is the risk of plaque formation, atherosclerosis and blood of arteries.\nThe unutilized cholesterol and TG are brought back to the liver by the lipoprotein called HDL. Therefore, while VLDL and LDL keep the fats in circulation, HDL removes fats from circulation and brings them back to the liver. That is why VLDL and LDL are called bad cholesterol while HDL is called good cholesterol.\nThe amount of cholesterol we take in the diet has hardly any relevance to the amount of circulating VLDL and LDL particles. Cholesterol plays a supportive role in transporting TGs in blood, and most of the cholesterol body pool remains constant due to well-regulated cholesterol synthesis by the body. However, more the saturated and trans fatty acids we take in diet, the more will be stored in the liver as TGs and more will be the released VLDL and thereby LDL particles circulating in the blood.\nTherefore, it is not the dietary cholesterol intake but the dietary intake of saturated and trans fats which increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to plaque blockage of arteries (which can result in serious conditions like heart attack and stroke). Plaques are made of deposited lipids (fats and cholesterol) with calcium and some trapped blood cells (RBCs and platelets).\nThough the amount of cholesterol intake in diet has no direct risk, most food sources of cholesterol also contain significant amounts of saturated fats. The exceptions here are eggs and shrimp which are now often recommended in the diet without any attributed health risk.\nWhen we measure blood cholesterol, we do not actually measure the amount of cholesterol in our body. What we measure is the amount of cholesterol in VLDL, LDL and HDL particles circulating in the blood. More the VLDL and LDL and less the HDL particles in the blood, the more is the cardiovascular risk due to the formation of plaques in the blood vessels. Lab reports mainly use the amount of LDL and HDL (and sometimes their ratio- ideal LDL: HDL= 3.5-4), as the risk indicator for atherosclerosis and CVD. Apart from this total blood triglycerides is measured which gives us an idea of the body’s fat overload (which in addition to the risk of plaques in blood vessels, also signifies an increased risk of diseases like obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, pancreatitis and thyroid disorders).\nIt is important to note that the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not considered in isolation based on the lab values of blood LDL, and TGs. The risk increases in proportion to the presence of other CVD risk factors like high BP, diabetes, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, increasing age and family history/predisposition.\nDoes high-fat load (high blood TGs and LDL) always imply a high health risk?\nIt is possible that people with high LDL or TGs may never get CVD or plaque-related blockages while people with normal LDL may actually land up with plaques. This is due to other CVD risk factors mentioned. If a person is a smoker or has high blood pressure or diabetes, the component of injury to his blood vessel wall is high. So in such a person even a lower level of LDL can end up forming a significant plaque as compared to a person who doesn’t have any of these risk factors. Similarly, a family history/genetic predisposition, and increasing age (>45 years) may play a role in adding risk. Obesity and lack of physical activity (reduced utilization of carbs/fats leading to more storage) also contribute to increased CVD risk. Increased cholesterol and triglycerides can also be linked to other chronic diseases like fatty liver.\nSo by how much should we aim to reduce the blood LDL?\nThe most important intervention if LDL and TGs are high is always a reduction in dietary intake of saturated/trans-fat and a relative increase in intake of PUFAs (especially Omega3).\nThe more the estimated CVD risk, the greater will be the needed reduction in LDL. So a CVD risk categorization is usually done based on all individual factors and the target LDL is set accordingly as below:\n- High risk (2 or more risk factors including diabetes or heart disease): LDL target <100 mg/dl (<70 mg/dl sometimes) or >50% reduction\n- Medium risk (2 or more risk factors): LDL target <130mg/dl or 30-50% reduction\n- Low risk (1 or no risk factor): LDL target <160mg/dl or <30% (range of 10-25%) reduction\nWhat do these cholesterol-lowering drugs like ‘statins’ do?\nThe decision to start a ‘statin’ drug is based on the inability to bring down LDL with diet alone and the degree of one’s CVD risk.\nThe statins lower the amount of cholesterol our body makes so that irrespective of the cholesterol coming through diet, the cholesterol made by our body is reduced. Lower cholesterol in the liver will lead to lower quantities of VLDL and thereby LDL particles coming out in the blood. Therefore, the statin drugs reduce the blood LDL and TGs thereby reducing the risk of plaque formation and CVD. Dietary modifications mentioned have to continue hand in hand.\nSpecific drugs lowering triglycerides (niacin, fibrates) act by reducing triglyceride synthesis and increasing fatty acid breakdown (oxidation) and are used if one’s fat overload (TG level) comes out to be significantly high. Newer LDL cholesterol-lowering medicines include the PCSK9 inhibitor group of drugs, that act by binding to the LDL receptor on the surface of the liver cells (hepatocyte) preventing and reducing the release of LDL particles and increasing their internal degradation. Omega 3 fatty acids supplements are also given commonly, to improve the lipid balance.\nSo to conclude, cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to plaque-related blockage of vessels (atherosclerosis) is a complicated interplay of several factors! But the drive home message at a practical level still remains that we reduce saturated/trans-fats in our diet, and much rather keep our LDL and TG level on the optimal or desirable side!\nAlso Read –\nFor any query, additional information or to discuss any case, write to firstname.lastname@example.org and be assured of a response soon.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tearsolutions.com/phase-2-clinical-trial/", "date": "2021-11-29T20:40:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964358842.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20211129194957-20211129224957-00146.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9502250552177429, "token_count": 151, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__79145440", "lang": "en", "text": "The study lasted 8 weeks and included 5 visits to an ophthalmologist. Patients were provided with ophthalmic drops of Lacripep™ or placebo. Lacripep™ is a synthetic tear protein fragment of ‘lacritin’. Lacritin and a natural version of Lacripep™ are constituents of normal human tears but are lacking in dry eye tears. In preclinical studies, both restore tearing and eye health. The study was restricted to patients with Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome dry eye. Patients stopped treatment of Restasis or Xiidra two weeks before. Those with punctal plugs inserted two weeks before or later were not excluded. Those on serum tears ceased treatment 30 days before.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.yesdee.com/product/introduction-to-biofuels/", "date": "2023-06-07T21:37:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224654016.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20230607211505-20230608001505-00227.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8869402408599854, "token_count": 409, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__76996061", "lang": "en", "text": "What role will biofuels play in the scientific portfolio that might bring energy independence and security, revitalize rural infrastructures, and wean us off of our addiction to oil? The shifting energy landscape of the 21st century, with its increased demand for renewable energy technology, poses a worrying intellectual challenge. Discussing the multidisciplinary study of bioenergy and its potential for replacing fossil fuels in the coming decades, Introduction to Biofuels provides a roadmap for understanding the broad sweep of technological, sociological, and energy policy issues that intermingle and intertwine.\nTable of Content\nEthanol as the Leading ‘’First-Generation’’ Biofuel\nCellulosic Ethanol as a ‘’Second –Generation’’ Biofuel\nMicrobiology of Cellulosic Ethanol Production I: Yeasts\nMicrobiology of Cellulosic Ethanol Production II: Bacteria\nBiochemical Engineering of Cellulosic Ethanol\nThe Economics of Fuel Ethanol\nAdvanced Biofuels: The Widening Portfolio of Alternative\nChemically Produced Biofuels\nSustainability of Biofuels Production\nBiofuels as Products of Integrated Bioprocesses (Biorefineries)\nAbout The Author\nDavid Mousdale was educated at Oxford (BA, biochemistry, 1974) and Cambridge (PhD, 1979). He researched growth control and integration mechanisms in plants and plant cell cultures before turning to enzyme response to xenobiotics, including the first isolation of a glyphosate-sensitive enzyme from a higher plant.\nIn the microbial physiology and biochemistry of industrial fermentations, he developed metabolic analysis to analyze changes in producing strains developed by serendipity (i.e., classical strain improvement) or by rational genetic engineering. He became managing director of beocarta Ltd in 1997.\nNew Product Tab\nHere's your new product tab.\nThere are no reviews yet.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bioexpress.com/store/product/4693360/puretm-1000g-pipet-tips-molecular-bioproducts", "date": "2020-09-24T14:09:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400219221.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20200924132241-20200924162241-00050.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6510834693908691, "token_count": 137, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__167869614", "lang": "en", "text": "Pure™ 1000G Pipet Tips, Molecular BioProducts\nThe Pure 1000G tips are a larger volume version of the Pure 200G tips (53225-682)\nIdeal for fragile cells, genomic DNA, and viscous samples. Features larger orifice design. Compatible with Pipetman*, Eppendorf*, and others. Sterile tips are certified RNase-, DNase-, DNA-, and pyrogen-free. Nonsterile tips are autoclavable.\nOrdering information: Tips 53225-718 and -716 are packaged 96 per tray, 10 trays per pack. Tips 53225-714 are bulk packaged.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.orangedognativeplants.com/", "date": "2024-02-25T09:29:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474594.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225071740-20240225101740-00278.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9448962211608887, "token_count": 366, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__42771094", "lang": "en", "text": "We are a native plant nursery in Forestville, ON, the heart of the Carolinian lifezone.\nWe have several years experience in growing native plants from seed, and want to do our part in reducing and reversing climate change and as a result see the reversal in the decline of many threatened flora and fauna.\nThe name Orange Dog is the nickname of the Giant Swallowtail Butterfly (paplio cresphontes). It only lays its eggs on citrus trees. In Ontario, we have two trees from the citrus family, Prickly Ash and Hop Tree. These are the only two larval host plants for the ‘orange dog.’ It is the largest butterfly in North America.\nWhy OrangeDog Native Plants?\nThere are many native plant nurseries out there. We want to be YOUR source. We are an online website to order the native perennials, trees, and shrubs for every habitat and ecosystem whether shade, sun or aquatic. We can supply needs for restoration projects. We source our seed locally. We are committed to biodiversity and restoration of natural habitats. We guarantee you will be satisfied or we will make it right. We grow our stock in and around Forestville which is minutes from Lake Erie near Long Point.\nNative plants are part of the natural ecosystem and biodiversity that was here before settlers came. They provide the necessary shelter, food and benfits to other natives flora and fauna. In addition, native plants know our environment and require little maintenance once established. This saves on water and they can survive the toughest of weather conditions.\nNative plants provide pollinators with their necessary food important to the pollination process. Native plants provide a source for these pollinators which are in steady decline unless we provide the habitat for them in our own gardens and property.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://lodi-uk.com/consumer-pest-control/commercial-organ-x", "date": "2019-02-23T09:50:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550249495888.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20190223082039-20190223104039-00604.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9218252301216125, "token_count": 129, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-09__0__161073207", "lang": "en", "text": "Consumer Pest Control\nOrgan-X Natural Control\nDesi-Dust is a natural organic (diatomaceous earth) entrapment powder; made up of tiny fossilised silica diatoms. It works by naturally drawing away all the essential moisture insects require to aid in their development and reproduction. Without any moisture the insects cannot breed, making living conditions uninhabitable!\nDesi-Dust can be applied on and around pets and animals (avoid contact with eyes) including their bedding, litter areas, cracks and crevices. Desi-Dust can also be applied to plants, their leaves and surrounding soil.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mydevelopingchild.com/stem-cell-therapy-shows-promise-in-those-with-asd/", "date": "2020-09-18T11:09:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400187390.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20200918092913-20200918122913-00585.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9204745888710022, "token_count": 1106, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__86307503", "lang": "en", "text": "July is National Cord Blood Awareness Month! To celebrate, Lineagen is spreading the word about cord blood banking and the ongoing research on stem cell therapies in individuals with autism spectrum disorder!\nWhy are stem cells so special?\nNew parents have the option of banking both cord blood and cord tissue after the birth of their newborn. Cord blood and tissue are valuable sources of stem cells.1 People hear the term “stem cells” but may not understand what makes these cells so special! Scientists think of stems cells like a baker thinks of flour. Flour is the primary ingredient for the creation of many delicious dishes. Flour can become pasta, bread, pizza dough, cookies, and so much more! Think of stem cells as the flour of our cell types. Stem cells are the primary ingredient that can transform into many different types of cells in our body. For example, stem cells can become a skin cell or a liver cell. Whereas skin cells can only make another skin cell and liver cells can only make another liver cell.\nBecause of this, stem cells can be used to treat diseases such as immune system disorders, genetic disorders, neurological disorders, and some types of cancer. Cord blood and tissue banking allows for the storage of these valuable cells to be used for future medical purposes for the child, family members, or donated to someone in need.\nWhat is the difference between cord blood and cord tissue?\nUmbilical cord blood is the blood in the umbilical cord and placenta after birth.1 It contains special cells called hematopoietic stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells can mature into different types of blood cells in the body. Hematopoietic stem cells also are found in blood and bone marrow in adults and children. These cells can be used to treat certain types of diseases.\nThe umbilical cord tissue is an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells.2 Mesenchymal stem cells can mature into connective tissue, blood vessels, and lymphatic tissue. These cells show great potential in clinical research for conditions affecting cartilage, muscle, and nerve cells.\nHow could stem cells benefit children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?\nClinical trials have been performed to assess the safety and effectiveness of stem cells in ASD management.3 Below is a summary of some of these clinical trials4-7. Of note, all trials were completed with participants who have a diagnosis of ASD.\nA 2018 clinical trial studied the effects of transplantation of a participant’s own cord blood.\nParticipants: 25 males and 4 females, with an average age of 4.5 years\nDuration: 24 weeks\nPrimary outcome: Participants showed no statistically significant improvements\nA 2017 clinical trial studied the effects of an infusion of a participant’s own umbilical cord blood.\nParticipants: 21 males and 4 females, with an average age of 4.6 years\nDuration: 12 months\nPrimary outcome: Participants showed improvements in socialization, communication, and adaptive behavior\nA 2014 clinical trial studied the effects of a transplantation of fetal stem cells from a donor.\nParticipants: 39 males and 6 females, with an average age of 6.9 years\nDuration: 12 months\nPrimary outcome: Participants showed improvements in cognitive ability, behaviors, sociability, and in immune functions.\nA 2013 clinical trial studied the effects of transplantation of cord blood and cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells from a donor.\nParticipants: 36 males and 1 female, with an average ae of 7.4 years\nDuration: 24 weeks\nPrimary outcome: Participants had fewer stereotypic behaviors, less lethargy, and less social withdrawal.\nWhat are some limitations of these trials?\nAs of 2018, only a limited number of clinical trials have been performed3, which is not enough research to draw definitive conclusions. In addition, there are several differences among these trials such as study design, participates enrolled, and stem cell types used.\nWhile there is much excitement about the potential for cord blood/tissue to treat or improve the symptoms of children with ASD, more research is needed. For additional information please visit a Parent's Guide to Cord Blood Foundation here and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology’s cord blood banking page here. If you are having a baby sometime soon, consider the benefits of banking his or her cord blood!\nMesenchymal: refers to cells that develop into connective tissue, blood vessels, and lymphatic tissue.\nClinical trial: a research study in which a person or group of people are prospectively assigned to one or more interventions (which may include placebo or other control) to evaluate the effects of those interventions on health-related biomedical or behavioral outcomes\nThe American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Cord Blood Banking: https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Cord-Blood-Banking?IsMobileSet=false#what\nO’Brien TA, et al. 2006. PMID: 16618241\nSiniscalco D, et al. 2018. PMID: 30425534\nChez M, et al. 2018. PMID: 29405603\nDawson G, Sun JM, Davlantis KS, et al. 2017. PMID: 28378499", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://catholichotdish.com/faith-outdoors/scary-news/", "date": "2017-03-23T08:20:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218186841.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212946-00496-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9672200083732605, "token_count": 461, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__174172872", "lang": "en", "text": "A news article in Saturday’s St. Paul Pioneer Press sent a chill up my spine. A deer near Pine Island in Goodhue County tested positive for chronic wasting disease.\nI read the story and paid close attention, and not just because I am a deer hunter. Pine Island isn’t too far from the area where I hunt near Red Wing. It looks to be about 30 miles. The discovery of CWD in the area has me more than just a little concerned.\nBut, my nervousness is nothing compared to how deer hunters in the immediate area feel. They are devastated — and with good reason. The DNR, according to the article, has quickly sounded the alarm and made plans to deal with the issue, which certainly will mean killing lots of deer in the area to do more CWD testing.\nThe best-case scenario is that no more deer will test positive for the disease. Even so, hunters in the area are sure to see far fewer deer in the woods during the 2011 hunting season. That’s awful news for a group of hunters very committed to managing the deer herd for a balanced population between bucks and does and for a high number of mature bucks.\nIt seems hunters in the area have banded together to practice something called Quality Deer Management (QDM). Under this approach, hunters try to take more does and pass on small bucks. This creates a higher buck-to-doe ratio, plus helps bucks grow bigger and older before being harvested.\nUnfortunately, CWD has thrown a wrench into their program. I sympathize with the crestfallen hunters of the region. They’ll have to be even more patient than they have been as they work to try and help the deer population recover from the intensive harvest sure to take place soon.\nThis is the first wild deer in the state that has tested positive for CWD. Wisconsin has had the disease for at least 20 years, with states like Colorado and Wyoming also sharing the problem. The Chronic Wasting Disease Alliance has more information about the disease and the history of it in the U.S., which was first discovered in 1967 in Colorado.\nLet’s hope that the DNR here in Minnesota can nip this problem in the bud.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ssb.llnl.gov/FangchaoSong.html", "date": "2023-12-11T19:10:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679516047.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211174901-20231211204901-00328.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7705970406532288, "token_count": 570, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__271808954", "lang": "en", "text": "Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory\nEducation and employment\nPostdoc in Biosciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2022.\nPh.D. in Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 2016.\nM.S. in Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, 2010.\nB.S. in Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 2007.\nMy research lies in the interface of microbiology and engineering with a focus on understanding and engineering biosystems (particularly microbiomes and biofilms) using systems and synthetic biology approaches. I am especially interested in using microfluidics, functional genomics, mathematical modeling, and molecular biology tools to understand microbial systems from cells to ecosystems level, and engineering functional microbial systems.\nSelected previous projects:\n- Development of high throughput methods for understanding complex microbial communities. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Advisor: Adam P. Arkin.\n- Effects of substrate stiffness on bacterial biofilm formation. Syracuse University. Advisor: Dacheng Ren.\n- Kinetics and modelling of melt/solid polycondensation of poly(L-lactic acid). Zhejiang University. Advisor: Linbo Wu.\n- Synthesis and characterization of carbosilane dendrimers used as silica-based stationary phases in high performance liquid chromatography. Shandong University. Advisor: Shengyu Feng.\n- William A. Sharpless, Kyle B. Sander, Fangchao Song, Jennifer V. Kuehl, Adam P. Arkin†, “Towards environmental control of microbiomes”. bioRxiv (2022), Link.\n- Fangchao Song†, Jennifer V. Kuehl, Arjun Chandran, Adam P. Arkin†, “A simple, cost-effective and automation-friendly direct PCR approach for bacterial community analysis”. mSystems (2021). Link.\n- Melt/solid state polycondensation preparation method for polylactic acid. CN102040730.\n- Melt/solid phase polycondensation preparation method of polylactic acid material with high molecular weight and high crystallinity. CN102002147.\n- DOE ENIGMA discovery grant at Berkeley Lab (2021-2022), Fangchao Song (PI), $150k. \"Development of metagenomics-mediated droplet-based high throughput phenotyping method for microbial genome-wide association study.\"\nRecent honors and awards\n- Berkeley Lab Research SLAM Finalist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (2019)\n- Helmsley Scholarship, Synthetic Biology Course, Cold Springs Harbor Laboratory (2017)\n- Outstanding Graduate Student in Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University (2016).\n- Syracuse University Outstanding TA Award, Syracuse University (2015).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://wearemajulah.com/portfolios/save-the-indian-star-tortoises/", "date": "2021-04-13T14:02:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038072366.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20210413122252-20210413152252-00016.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9645309448242188, "token_count": 169, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__193282298", "lang": "en", "text": "Save The Indian Star Tortoises\nIn 2018, we stopped by ACRES: Animal Concerns Research and Education Society (Singapore) to find out more about their big move to give a few precious lives a second chance.\nA chance that was taken away from them because these Indian star tortoises were taken from the wild in India, smuggled into Singapore to meet the demand for exotic pets. Over 10,000 tortoises suffer this fate every year.\n26th November 2018 marked a landmark event for these tortoises, as ACRES reverses the whole process by sending these tortoises rescued in Singapore back to the wild in India, where they truly belong.\nACRES does not receive government funding and they urgently needed help to raise a remaining $30,000 required so they could bring every tortoise home.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://sciexplore.ir/Articles/ArticleDetail/861-685-842-156", "date": "2020-06-02T16:34:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347425481.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20200602162157-20200602192157-00200.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9211087822914124, "token_count": 383, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__97297585", "lang": "en", "text": "Ethanol production from dilute-acid pretreated rice straw by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with Mucor indicus, Rhizopus oryzae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae\nKarimi K., Emtiazi G., Taherzadeh M.J.\nEthanol production from rice straw by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with Mucor indicus, Rhizopus oryzae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated and compared with pure cellulose, Avicel, as a reference. The straw was pretreated with dilute-acid hydrolysis. The SSF experiments were carried out aerobically and anaerobically at 38 °C, 50 g/l dry matter (DM) solid substrate concentration and 15 or 30 filter paper unit (FPU)/g DM of a commercial cellulase. The experiments were ended after 7 days, while an average of 2-3 days were usually enough to achieve the maximum ethanol yield. All the strains were able to produce ethanol from the pretreated rice straw with an overall yield of 40-74% of the maximum theoretical SSF yield, based on the glucan available in the solid substrate. R. oryzae had the best ethanol yield as 74% from rice straw followed by M. indicus with an overall yield of 68% with 15 FPU/g DM of cellulase. Glycerol was the main byproduct of the SSF by M. indicus and S. cerevisiae with yields 117 and 90 mg/g of equivalent glucose in the pretreated straw, respectively, while R. oryzae produced lactic acid as the major byproduct with yield 60 mg/g glucose equivalent in pretreated rice straw under anaerobic conditions. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.happydayscakes.co.uk/2016/03/18/adidas-phantom-coli-outbreak-possibly-involving-lettuce/", "date": "2018-05-22T12:10:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794864725.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20180522112148-20180522132148-00582.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.962524950504303, "token_count": 255, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__162267396", "lang": "en", "text": "adidas predator absolion coli outbreak possibly involving lettuce\nFederal and state agencies are investigating an outbreak of a potentially deadly foodborne bacteria that has sickened 17 people in Pennsylvania and other states. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has not confirmed the source of the outbreak of E. coli infections, but says it appears similar to an outbreak that killed one person and sickened 41 others with 17 hospitalized in Canada’s eastern provinces. The Public Health Agency of Canada says romaine lettuce has been associated with the outbreak there. officials have not suggested a course of action for consumers, but in Canada, the health agency is recommending that people in its eastern provinces avoid eating romaine lettuce.\n“The outbreak appears to be ongoing, as illnesses linked to romaine lettuce continue to be reported,” the agency said on its website. “These illnesses indicate that contaminated romaine lettuce may still be on the market (including in restaurants, grocery stores and any establishments that serve food.)”\nState and local public health officials are interviewing people to determine what they ate in the week before their illness started, the CDC said. It is still collecting information to determine whether there is a food item in common among sick people, including leafy greens and romaine lettuce.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mauricerivertwp.org/2180/Things-to-See-Do", "date": "2023-06-06T22:27:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224653183.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20230606214755-20230607004755-00441.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.871344804763794, "token_count": 121, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__55373290", "lang": "en", "text": "Create a Website Account - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more.\nMaurice River Township includes all four of the designated Wild and Scenic rivers - portion of the Maurice, the Menantico, the Manumuskin, and the Muskee Creek. Each has its own unique characteristics. Of particular interest, the Manumuskin drainage basin harbors thirty-two rare plants, making it one of the most botanically significant areas in New Jersey. The reptile and mammal diversity is unusual, and 15 of New Jersey's 25 threatened and endangered bird species breed here.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.drfreyman.com/my-blog/524550-why-you-shouldnt-dread-getting-root-canal-therapy", "date": "2024-04-25T14:51:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712297295329.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20240425130216-20240425160216-00184.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9430716037750244, "token_count": 775, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__163101825", "lang": "en", "text": "Five words no one welcomes: “You need a root canal.” But if you are delaying treatment because you are worried about pain and an uncomfortable day in the dentist’s chair, please think again! Modern root canal procedures are designed to repair your damaged tooth gently and efficiently and leave you with a restored natural tooth that can last a lifetime. All you have to do is contact Dr. Ilya Freyman in Longwood, FL, to get started.\nWhy might you need a root canal?\nFirst, a little tooth biology. Each tooth has a crown (the part we see above the gums) and one or more roots (the part of our tooth below the gum line that is attached to the bone in our jaw). The tooth has three basic layers: the hard enamel and cementum that cover the outer crown and root, the softer dentin beneath that layer, and, on the inside, the pulp. Pulp is made of living tissue and contains the blood vessels and nerves that nourish the tooth and keep it vital.\nEven with the protection the enamel and dentin provide, sometimes the pulp can be infected or damaged. If you have suffered an injury to your mouth or jaw, or an infection has developed from an opening in the tooth caused by a deep cavity or crack, you may need a root canal to prevent further infection, pain, and even tooth loss. Call our office immediately if you feel pain with chewing or pressure, prolonged sensitivity to heat or cold, swollen, and tender gums around a tooth, or tooth discoloration.\nThe Root Canal Procedure\nIf a root canal is necessary, the procedure is very straightforward. After the area around the tooth is numbed, we will make an opening in the crown to allow access to the pulp inside. Very small instruments will be used to clean the inner tooth and remove bacteria and dead or dying tissue. The area will be thoroughly disinfected, and the inside shaped and then filled and sealed. A temporary filling or crown might be placed on the tooth to prevent bacteria and food from entering the site if a permanent crown needs to be created. The entire process usually takes from one to three visits.\nIf we suggest a root canal, it is because this is the best way to save your tooth. Please feel free to talk to us about your particular needs and concerns. Which tooth is affected, how many roots are involved, what type of filling or crown might be best—we will work with you to provide all the information you need and all the options you have available.\nAre you concerned about pain?\nThe most painful part of a root canal is often the severe discomfort your tooth causes before treatment. And infections and damaged nerves can affect not only the injured tooth but the gums, tissue, and even bone surrounding it. With our modern dental techniques, a root canal procedure is often no more uncomfortable than a regular filling. The local anesthetic we use will prevent you from feeling any pain during the procedure, and, while the area around your tooth might be a bit sensitive following treatment, the pain caused by the infection or injury should be gone.\nAre you anxious about the procedure?\nIf all dental treatment causes you anxiety, please let us know. There are several sedation options we can pursue to make this procedure less worrisome. Our goal is to make your treatment as gentle and comfortable as possible.\nNo one welcomes the news that a root canal is necessary, but with today’s procedures, this treatment can be just what you need to relieve your pain and keep your natural tooth where it belongs for many years to come. And that is welcome news, indeed! To schedule an appointment with Dr. Ilya Freyman in Longwood, FL, call (407) 260-0224.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://mission.kansasonline.us/news/Press-Releases/7-Places-Mosquitoes-Might-Be-Hiding-in-Your-Yard-32704", "date": "2017-05-26T16:50:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463608669.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170526163521-20170526183521-00077.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9370704293251038, "token_count": 390, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-22__0__34367983", "lang": "en", "text": "Loading, Please Wait...\nMISSION, KS--(Marketwired - Mar 30, 2016) - (Family Features) Spring has sprung, which means that mosquito season is almost here. These tiny insects could be living, flying and breeding right in your yard, and you might not even know it.\nMosquitoes aren't just a nuisance, they are also a health threat. Some species common in the United States can carry and spread Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, West Nile virus and canine heart worm. The first sign of mosquito activity is usually buzzing from female mosquitoes and their bites.\nWhere Mosquitoes Breed\nFemale mosquitoes can lay as many as 100 eggs at a time. They can lay eggs in just a few inches of standing water, making pinpointing breeding sites a challenge. To help homeowners, Orkin Entomologist Ron Harrison, Ph.D., reveals seven places mosquitoes like the most and offers advice on how to help keep them out of your yard.\nTake Back Your Yard\nIt's important to do a weekly inspection of your entire yard to locate and eliminate any standing water. It's also a good idea to encourage your neighbors to do the same so that mosquitoes aren't traveling from their yard to yours.\nIf you've done everything you can to help prevent mosquitoes and are still having problems, you may need a licensed professional. For more details, visit Orkin.com.\nAbout Family Features Editorial Syndicate\nThis and other food and lifestyle content can be found at http://editors.familyfeatures.com. Family Features is a leading provider of free food and lifestyle content for use in print and online publications. Register with no obligation to access a variety of formatted and unformatted features, accompanying photos, and automatically updating Web content solutions.\nImage Available: http://www2.marketwire.com/mw/frame_mw?attachid=2985837", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://claremontcott.co.uk/dorking.html", "date": "2017-03-25T17:31:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218189031.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212949-00402-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9758867025375366, "token_count": 406, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__162045363", "lang": "en", "text": "One of the earliest known mentions of the Dorking was by the Roman agricultural writer Columella during the reign of Julius Caesar. In his text, Rei rusticae libri, he described the breed as, \"square-framed, large and broad-breasted, with big heads and small upright combs...the purest breed being five-clawed\". Pliny also described a similar bird with an odd number of toes in his Naturalis Historia. Although Caesar noted that poultry was already raised in Britain prior to his invasions in 55–54 BC, the Red Dorking is believed to have been introduced in Great Britain by the Romans at an early date where much of its development continued to take place.\nThey appeared in the first British poultry show in 1845, together with the Sussex breed, which is believed to be derived from the Dorking. The birds are named after the market town of Dorking in Surrey which in the nineteenth century became one of the main centres of production.\nThey were admitted into the American Poultry Association's Standard of Perfection in 1874.\nThe Dorking has a rectangular body with very short, five-toed legs. Due to its relatively large comb it generally requires protection in cold weather. Dorkings are also well known for their versatility as a breed for both egg and meat production. It is one of the few breeds with red earlobes that produces a white-shelled egg. The skin colour beneath the feathers is white. The standard weight is 9 pounds for a cock, 8 pounds for a cockerel, 7 pounds for a hen, and 6 pounds for a pullet. Furthermore, the breed is very docile. The bird has five recognized varieties: White, Silver-grey, Red, Dark and Cuckoo\nThey are noted for being exceptionally broody at times, refusing to lay and preferring to sit on eggs to incubate them.\nInformation courtesy of en.wikipedia.org", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.enchantedmanormeadery.com/earth-day-fundraiser", "date": "2019-09-23T07:51:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514576122.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20190923064347-20190923090347-00534.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9630086421966553, "token_count": 502, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__136433083", "lang": "en", "text": "Earth Day Fundraiser\nNow through Earth Day (April 22nd), Enchanted Manor will set aside 10% of all online sales to contribute to scientific research studying colony collapse disorder.\nYou don't have to enter a promo code or do anything differently; if you place an order we'll contribute 10%.\nWhy Choose This Cause?\nThe simple reason is that bees are just about the most amazing creatures on earth (sorry, Mantis Shrimp), and without them we would be out of business.\nThe more complex reason is that we exist in a time and place where nearly all issues are subject to politicization, including science. We believe, however, that it is an apolitical stance to support the effort of tireless scientists performing objective research, and that their work benefits us all. It is worthy of support both as a means and an end.\nWhat is Colony Collapse Disorder?\nColony collapse disorder (CCD) is the phenomenon that occurs when the majority of worker bees in a colony disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen. While such disappearances have occurred throughout the history of apiculture, and were known by various names, the syndrome was renamed colony collapse disorder in late 2006 in conjunction with a drastic rise in the number of disappearances of western honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in North America.\nColony collapse disorder causes significant economic losses because many agricultural crops worldwide are pollinated by western honey bees. According to the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the worth of global crops with honey bee's pollination was estimated at close to $200 billion in 2005. Shortages of bees in the US have increased the cost to farmers renting them for pollination services by up to 20%.\nIn the six years leading up to 2013, more than 10 million beehives were lost, often to CCD, nearly twice the normal rate of loss.\nSeveral possible causes for CCD have been proposed, but no single proposal has gained widespread acceptance among the scientific community. Suggested causes include: infections with Varroa and Acarapis mites; malnutrition; various pathogens; genetic factors; immunodeficiencies; loss of habitat; changing beekeeping practices; or a combination of factors. A large amount of speculation has surrounded a family of pesticides called neonicotinoids as having caused CCD.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tempurpedicsmartbases.com/snore.html", "date": "2021-05-16T03:32:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991659.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20210516013713-20210516043713-00397.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9265419244766235, "token_count": 112, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__208841557", "lang": "en", "text": "At the heart of the TEMPUR-Ergo system is a pair of highly responsive sleep sensors beneath your mattress, continuously monitoring your body’s heart and breathing rates, as well as your bedroom’s environment, throughout the night.\nThe TEMPUR-Ergo® Smart Base senses your first sign of snoring and automatically raises your head to a position that may reduce snoring.*\nBed raises once approximately 12 degrees in response to snoring. This may reduce snoring in otherwise healthy individuals who snore due to body positioning.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://cezar.zel-grad.ru/hoehnea-online-dating-1040.html", "date": "2018-10-16T01:26:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583509960.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20181016010149-20181016031649-00203.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9617522954940796, "token_count": 449, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__110765236", "lang": "en", "text": "Hoehnea online dating dating sites in kenya 2015 cancer\nIt has thus been hypothesized that the two events were connected.\nThe quantity and diversity of flora in a habitat are associated with the quality and availability of resources to insects.\nlongipalpis captured during 5 days in the tropical urban environment of Teresina, Piauí State.\nFifty-seven percent of the flies were found positive for plant DNA.\nWe used rbc L PCR to detect and identify plant DNA in the guts of 100 L.\nThe proportion of sand flies testing positive for DNA of a given plant family was not significantly correlated with local abundance of plants from that family, average distance of plants from the trap, or average crown expansion of plants in the family (Fig. A statistically significant, negative correlation was found between the average distance between plants from a family and the trap and their average crown expansion (Pearson r = −0.77; p = 0.002) (Fig. Red represents a negative correlation and blue represents a positive correlation. Relationships are presented for (A) proportion of sand flies testing positive for DNA from a given plant family, (B) average distance of plants from a given family to a trap, (C) average crown expansion of plants from a given family, and (D) local abundance of plants from a given family.\nA strong negative correlation was observed between the distance of plants from a given family to the trap and the average crown expansion of plants from that family.\nDNA from all trees or shrubs within a 100-meter radius from the trap were collected to build a barcode reference library.\nWhile plants from the Anacardiaceae and Meliaceae families were the most abundant at the sampling site (25.4% and 12.7% of the local plant population, respectively), DNA from these plant families was found in few flies; in contrast, despite its low abundance (2.9%), DNA from the Fabaceae family was detected in 94.7% of the sand flies.\nOne application of this technique, therefore, would be informing vector control measures, such as urban landscaping techniques, for leishmaniasis and other vectorborne diseases.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://molbiol.net/salmon-immunological-defense-and-interplay-with-the-modulatory-capabilities-of-its-ectoparasite-lepeophtheirus-salmonis/", "date": "2022-09-27T11:07:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335004.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220927100008-20220927130008-00548.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8913554549217224, "token_count": 283, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__277743501", "lang": "en", "text": "The salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Lsal) is an ectoparasitic copepod that exerts immunomodulatory and physiological effects on its host Atlantic salmon.\nOver 30 years of research on louse biology, control, host responses and the host-parasite relationship has provided a plethora of information on the intricacies of host resistance and parasite adaptation.\nAtlantic salmon exhibit temporal and spatial impairment of the immune system and wound healing ability during infection. This immunosuppression may render Atlantic salmon less tolerant to stress and other confounders associated with current management strategies. Contrasting susceptibility of salmonid hosts exists and early pro-inflammatory Th1 type responses are associated with resistance.\nRapid cellular responses to larvae appear to tip the balance of the host-parasite relationship in favour of the host, preventing severe immune-physiological impacts of the more invasive adults.\nImmunological, transcriptomic, genomic and proteomic evidence suggests pathological impacts occur in susceptible hosts through modulation of host immunity and physiology via pharmacologically active molecules. Co-evolutionary and farming selection pressures may have incurred preference of Atlantic salmon as a host for Lsal reflected in their interactome.\nHere we review host-parasite interactions at the primary attachment/feeding site, and the complex life-stage dependent molecular mechanisms employed to subvert host physiology and immune responses.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://cheapdentalimplants.co.uk/after-dental-bone-graft/", "date": "2024-02-29T00:57:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474775.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229003536-20240229033536-00130.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9349894523620605, "token_count": 2253, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__161914116", "lang": "en", "text": "In our previous articles, we discussed the potential complications of bone grafting and the connection between bone grafting and smoking. We are now going to now tell you what you should expect during the period following your bone grafting surgery. You can see what complications you might encounter after bone grafting, and you will also receive practical advice on the period following surgery. We consider the first few days following the intervention particularly important, so we will deal with this topic separately.\nOur article discusses the following issues:\n- Bone grafting as a surgical procedure\n- Dental bone graft healing stages: the first few days following surgery\n- What should we pay attention to after dental bone graft surgery?\n- Dental bone graft recovery: Treatment of the symptoms and side effects, general information\n- Dental bone graft aftercare: Further things to do after surgery\nDuring bone grafting, we replace or rebuild bone loss in the jaw. After bone grafting, the new living bones may start to develop. Bone grafting requires a minor or major surgical intervention that must be carried out by a specialised surgeon.\nDepending on the type of intervention needed (the extension of the damage) and the type of bone grafting, the doctor makes a smaller or larger incision on the patient’s body. After that, they implant the substance required for the regeneration of the bone and close the wound. One of the methods applied in bone grafting is when they use the patient’s own implantable bone, and following the appropriate preparatory measures, they insert this bone into the jaw.\nSuch interventions, therefore, involve two surgical sites. The first surgical site might be either on the jawbone or another area of the body, depending on the doctor’s decision. The two surgeries are usually carried out on different dates, except when it comes to smaller interventions.\nIf the other methods – bone grafting using a donor’s bone or synthetic material – are applied, only one surgical site is necessary for the intervention.\nNow we are going to discuss the symptoms, the rare or regular side effects and the potential treatment.\nNo two bone grafting surgeries are identical. Each oral surgery is unique. Bone grafting surgeries may differ significantly; there are small wounds that are healing rapidly and larger surgical sites that are more serious. The first few days following surgery are essential in terms of the recovery process. Thus, this chapter addresses the general phenomena, by noting that every case requires a personalised consultation with the doctor.\nTreatment of the wound and oral hygiene\nAfter the bone grafting surgery, the doctor usually places a gauze pad on the wound that should not be removed for 30-60 minutes. If the bleeding has stopped, no further information or actions are needed besides following the instructions discussed in the next section.\nIn the case of more serious surgeries, further, bleeding can be expected. You are still under medical supervision during this phase. Thus, the medical expert treating you will perform the required actions. Some patients require a stent to be inserted above the teeth. This protective equipment may usually be removed later before eating.\nDuring the days following the surgery, we must not irritate or touch the wound. The patient can first rinse their mouth only on the second day following surgery.\nForeign substances in the mouth\nYou might sense tiny crumbs in your mouth during the first few days after surgery. This may even occur even if you did not consume solid food. What is actually happening in such cases is that small granules from the surgical site of bone grafting get into the oral cavity.\nTo a smaller degree, the process is natural, and there is no need to worry. Still, it is very important that you follow the instructions about treating the wound thoroughly, meaning that you avoid irritating it. Do not look at the wound, and do not worry. However, if you sense a larger amount of crumbs in your mouth, you should definitely ask for medical help.\nOn the day of the bone grafting surgery and the first few days following it, you should rest as much as possible. Sleep on your back if you can, and place a pillow under your head for support. Try to avoid doing physical activity, especially sports, during the first week. If possible, do not drive during this period either. It is essential that you follow the diet prescribed by your doctor, and that you avoid smoking and drinking alcohol.\nDepending on the exact type of surgery, we must pay attention to the following issues:\n- Risk of infection, antibiotics\n- Oral hygiene\n- Discolouration, bruises\n- Nausea, vomiting, dizziness\n- Allergic reactions\n- Swallowing difficulties, muscle stiffness\n- Further complications, etc.\nIn our previous articles, we have already discussed the lifestyle that needs to be adopted during bone grafting (information about sleeping, bleeding, pain management, diet, etc.) In the next section, we are going to briefly touch upon these issues, and then discuss further details about the period following surgery in particular.\nSwelling, bleeding, pain\nSwelling, bleeding and pain are symptoms that might occur to some extent after surgery, based on the exact type of intervention. In order to deal with the pain, the doctor will recommend – and prescribe if necessary – certain medicine. In some cases, the pain is not significant; it is similar to what patients feel during tooth extraction. The analgesics applied during the surgery will also ease this pain for a certain period.\nIcing will provide very helpful in the treatment of swelling, bleeding and pain that occur following surgery. In case of serious bleeding, the patients may bite on a sterile gauze pad. If the bleeding does not stop, you can also try to gently bite on a wet teabag. The tannin that the tea contains might contribute to the coagulation of blood; consult your doctor regarding how strong your bite should be. Try to stay calm. In case of more intense bleeding, consult your doctor.\nInfection after the dental bone graft, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents\nConsult your doctor if you experience infection or inflammation following surgery so that you are provided with adequate antibiotics or anti-inflammatory agents.\nLifestyle: oral hygiene, smoking, diet, wearing the prosthesis\nOn the day of the bone grafting surgery, you can swallow the accumulated saliva, but try to avoid sucking motions and mouth washing. On the day following your surgery, doctors usually recommend washing your mouth with warm and salty water. This method helps eliminate the risk of contamination.\nOn the first few days following your surgery, brush your teeth very gently with a soft bristle toothbrush. Starting on the date determined by your doctor, it will also be useful to use oral irrigators. The cleaner the wound the more rapidly it will heal. In our previous article, we have already warned that smoking makes the healing process more difficult. In more serious cases, even the intervention itself may be jeopardised. You should definitely let your doctor know that you smoke, and also try to avoid smoking in the first few days following surgery. If necessary, you can apply nicotine patches as well.\nAfter bone grafting, when the anaesthetic effects can no longer be felt, you are usually allowed to consume only fluids – water at first. Try to avoid sucking motions, and drink from a glass. Later, you should consume beverages and soft food containing a high amount of calories and proteins. Try to eat frequently, but in smaller portions. Avoid hard or sharp foods that require biting. Do not drink alcoholic or fizzy drinks. If necessary, have your doctor prescribe nutritional supplements and drinks containing a high amount of proteins and calories. It is usually not recommended to wear the existing prosthesis during the period following bone grafting. Replacements may hurt the surgical site or place pressure on it.\nDiscolouration and bruises\nIn some rare cases, you might experience discolouration of the skin, on the site of the swelling, during the second or third day after your bone grafting surgery. The colours may vary, from black, blue or green to yellow. This is a phenomenon that occurs after the expansion of blood under the tissues. It is rare, but it is not dangerous in itself, and it disappears soon.\nNausea, vomiting and dizziness\nFollowing surgery, you may experience nausea, vomiting or dizziness as well. In such cases, you should try to lie down and rest, drink plenty of fluids in only mouthfuls, and avoid eating solid food. You should also avoid sudden movements. The doctor may prescribe medicine if necessary.\nThe purpose of sutures is to decrease bleeding following surgery. Doctors usually apply absorbable sutures or sutures that easily fall out approximately a week after the bone grafting surgery.\nIn some cases, due to the medicine applied by the doctor, allergic reactions can occur following surgery. Thus, it is very important that you discuss all your known allergic reactions with your doctor during the consultation preceding surgery. Itching and rash may indicate allergic reactions. If you experience these, you should consult your doctor who will recommend or prescribe different types of medicine. In more severe cases, when your face and neck swell up, you must immediately seek help in the emergency department of the hospital closest to you or call an ambulance.\nSwallowing difficulties and muscle stiffness\nFollowing bone grafting, swallowing may often be challenging, and the muscles of the jaw are usually stiff. These are natural symptoms that accompany the healing process. Following our diet during this period may help us with this problem as well.\nFurther complications may include numbness of the mouth, the chin and the tongue, mild fever, dryness of the mouth and a sore throat. If not serious, these symptoms are no cause for worry. In most cases, only a few of the symptoms described above may occur; pain, swelling and mild bleeding are the most frequent, which may disappear 1-2 days after your bone grafting surgery. If you experience any unusual or more serious symptoms, consult your doctor immediately.\nIdeally, during the healing process following the bone grafting surgery, your body will accommodate the implanted substance. The development and strengthening of the new bones can start at this point. The body might also reject the implanted substance, and a second bone grafting surgery may be required.\nDepending on the status of the healing process, the surgical site can be suitable for other surgical interventions, including the insertion of dental implants. Bone grafting has seen enormous development during the past few years. In most cases, bone grafting surgeries are considered routine procedures, with a rapid healing process and minor symptoms.\nOur aim in this article was to prepare you thoroughly for the risks and issues that might arise during bone grafting. You must also be aware, however, that bone grafting surgeries are in most cases routine procedures that only involve minor pain. Therefore, we encourage you to listen to your doctor’s advice and follow their instructions thoroughly.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.wcphny.com/rabies/", "date": "2024-02-27T20:37:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474686.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227184934-20240227214934-00045.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.930462121963501, "token_count": 872, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__101171191", "lang": "en", "text": "- Rabies is a potentially fatal disease which is prevented by staying away from stray and wild animals and through regular vaccination of your pets. If animals are unvaccinated and exposed to Rabies, they could spend time on confinement or quarantine.\nAny and all humans or pets, including livestock, that are bitten are required to be reported to the Local Health Department. (NYS Public Health Law Sections 2140-2146, and NYS Sanitary Code Chapter 10, Part 2- Section 2.14). To report an animal bite call (315) 946-5749.\nSigns and symptoms of rabies you should watch for are:\n- Changes in behavior\n- Seizures (convulsions)\n- Irritability or aggression\n- Strange vocalizations (noises/howling/whining)\n- Difficulty swallowing\n- Difficulty walking\n- Refusal of food or water\n- Paralysis (unable to move body parts)\nAnimal Bite Incident Report – This form should be completed by hospitals or health care providers and faxed to Public Health.\nThe Rabies Drive Thru Clinic will be held at the Palmyra Highway Department: 131 Kent St. Palmyra, NY 14522\nOpen to Wayne County Residents ONLY. Pre-registration is REQUIRED. There is a maximum of 5 animals per appointment. At the time of appointment, proof of previous vaccination is required to qualify for a 3-year certificate. Without proof of previous vaccination, a 1-year certificate will be issued.\nALL Animals must be secured by leash or carrier.\nThe Rabies Program is coordinated by:\nVeronica Lafave-Boughton, RN\nWash all wounds thoroughly with soap and water and seek medical attention immediately.\nReport all animal bites to your county health department, even if they seem minor. The phone number for your county health department can be found in the government listing of your telephone directory or the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) website at: http://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/zoonoses/rabies/contact.htm\nTry to keep track of the animal that exposed you and report this information to your county health department so the animal can be captured safely, if possible. In the case of a bat, you may be able to safely capture it yourself and take it to your county health department where it will be transferred to the state for rabies testing.\nHealthy dogs, cats, ferrets and livestock that have bitten or otherwise caused a potential human exposure to rabies will be confined under the direction of the county health department and observed for ten days following the exposure. If the animal remains healthy during this period, the animal did not transmit rabies at the time of the bite.\nOther types of animals that cause a potential human exposure must be tested for rabies under the direction of the county health department. If an animal cannot be observed or tested for rabies, treatment may be necessary for the people exposed. Your county health department will assist you and your physician to determine whether treatment is necessary.\nTreatment after rabies exposure consists of a dose of human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) administered as soon as possible after exposure, plus 4 doses of rabies vaccine given over two weeks. If there is a wound, the full dose of HRIG should go into the wound, if possible. The first vaccine dose is given at the same time, with the remaining injections given on days 3, 7 and 14 following the initial injection. People who have weakened immune systems may require a fifth dose of vaccine, as determined by their doctor.\nA person who has already been vaccinated for rabies and is exposed to rabies must receive two booster vaccine doses three days apart immediately after exposure. They do not need an injection of HRIG.\nExposure to a rabid animal does not always result in rabies. If treatment is initiated promptly following a rabies exposure, rabies can be prevented. If a rabies exposure is not treated and a person develops clinical signs of rabies, the disease almost always results in death.\nContact the program coordinator if you are interested in more information about this topic, such as educational materials, presentations, and resources.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.nsbopc.co.uk/", "date": "2019-06-25T21:55:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627999948.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20190625213113-20190625235113-00377.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9223588109016418, "token_count": 945, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__193931732", "lang": "en", "text": "North Somerset Bird of Prey Centre\nSmallway Leisure Park\nLicense no: 80551\nBreeding License: 35243\nPlease contact 07557 785621 and leave a message for availability and bookings or email us at firstname.lastname@example.org\nWe are a fully licensed bird of prey centre and exotic animal breeding facility that only opens its doors to our visitors centre on just six days a year. We operate Experience Days on all other dates throughout the year in which you can handle and fly our birds of prey, meet and feed our mammals and learn a bit more about what we do here. Ran as a non for profit organisation, we rely on our hard working volunteers and fund raising efforts to enable us to care for these majestic birds of prey as well as treat and rehabilitate wild birds of prey and rescue and rehome unwanted and neglected animals from birds, to exotic mammals and reptiles. We are passionate about educating people about birds of prey and the challenges they face in the wild. We strongly believe children are the future and a child who grows up loving nature and wanting to save it will be an adult that takes action.\nOur Experience Days operate all year round\nWe are open to the public for private bookings and experience days all year round.\nExperiences must be pre booked by emailing email@example.com or calling 07557 785621.\nAll of our experiences are fun, educational and very hands on. From Owl Experiences\nand Falconry Days to Hawk Walks and Bird of Prey Encounters,\nwe have something for everyone to enjoy!\nExperience vouchers can also be purchased as gifts which are valid for 12 months.\nVisit our 'Experiences and Gift Vouchers' section to find our more.\nWe also hold six Open Days a year at our visitors centre\nAs well as running Experience days throughout the year, we also open our doors to our visitors centre for six days each year where you will be able to....\n~ Meet over 50 resident birds of prey including eagles, red kites, falcons, hawks and owls.\n~ Find out about our exotic mammals from foxes and meerkats,\nto raccoons, skunks and coatis, at our amazing feeding shows and talks.\n~ We also have a range\nof rescued reptiles including snakes, lizards and geckos!\nPlease visit our 'Open Days' section for timings, admission prices and\nall events happening throughout each of our open days.\nSaturday 24th August - Snake City UK Tour venue\nWe will be hosting the South West part of this awesome duo's U.K. tour. For more information and bookings please visit their website.\nUK fans, get ready... we're coming to a town near you! For a unique opportunity to get up close and personal with\nyour favourite snake-wrangling duo, join us at one of eight venues across the UK. There will be photo opportunities, a one-hour reptile presentation, a Q&A session and, of course,\nFor details and bookings, please visit our website: https://www.simonandsiouxsie.com/\nAdults £15 | Children £10 (ages 3 -16). Space is limited. Bookings will be first come, first served.\nPlease note that we're currently on tour in South Africa, so there will likely be a delay in correspondence until mid-July. Bear with us – we'll answer any queries as soon as we are able to!\nAs of 1st Arpil 2019, all Animal Activities must be licensed which includes animal encounters, village fetes and fairs, bird of prey displays, educational talks for schools and childrens groups, animal therapy visits to hospitals and care homes, childrens parties, etc.\nIf there is an animal involved then the company requires this new license which has replaced the previous Performing Animals License. This is to ensure higher welfare standards for the animals being used and greater public safety.\nWe are fully licensed for both Exhibiting Animals (80551) and Breeding (35243).\nWe are also fully insured.\nIf booking a company that uses animals in any way please ensure they are licensed as it is now a legal requirement. Anyone operating without this license will be doing so illegally and their Public Libility Insurance will aslo be void.\n'In the end we will only conserve what we love.\nWe only love what we understand.\nWe will understand only what we are taught.' Baba Dioum", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.terrynaturallyvitamins.com/categories/immune-system-cellular-health/coq10-chewable", "date": "2022-12-02T03:36:37Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710890.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20221202014312-20221202044312-00043.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8999941945075989, "token_count": 594, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__279694824", "lang": "en", "text": "800% Higher Absorption^\nNo Sugar or Artificial Sweeteners\nHeart • Brain • Healthy Aging*\nAdvanced Absorption CoQ10, Better Results!\nCoQ10 has long been recognized for its benefits in clinical studies for the heart, brain, gum health, and healthy aging. In this formula, we’ve combined our CoQ10 with an advanced gamma cyclodextrin delivery system for 800% higher absorption compared to standard CoQ10 forms.*\n- Supports energy production within the cells, also replenishes CoQ10 depleted by statin drugs*\n- Helps preserve neural connections, healthy brain function, and overall cognitive health*\n- Reduces the risk of oxidative stress and supports healthy cellular energy*\nFeatures Our Exclusive GammaSorb™ Delivery System\nGammaSorb is a plant-based material that binds to nutrients, making them more easily absorbed and bioavailable for optimal benefits. It has been shown to increase the absorption of certain hard to absorb (fat soluble) dietary ingredients, in some cases by as much as 800 percent. It is included in this product to help deliver a higher level of support for your overall health.*\nClick here to learn more about GammaSorb.\n^ Compared to standard CoQ10\n|Total Carbohydrate||1.5 g||< 1%†|\n|Total Sugars||0 g|\nSugar Alcohol (Xylitol)\n|Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone)||100 mg||**|\n** Daily Value not established\n1 chewable tablet daily.\nIf pregnant or nursing, consult a healthcare practitioner before use.\nContains xylitol, keep away from pets.\nNO SUGAR OR ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS\nFrequently Asked Questions\nWhat is the difference between the two forms of CoQ10 – ubiquinone and ubiquinol?\nUbiquinone is the first and most clinically studied form of CoQ10 and has shown impressive results in research. However, ubiquinone needs to be converted into an active form, ubiquinol, in the body. Some individuals are not efficient converters of ubiquinone, which is why we offer the bioactive form of ubiquinol as well.\nHow does the chewable form deliver better absorption over standard forms of CoQ10?\nThe chewable CoQ10 features the GammaSorb™ delivery system. GammaSorb is a plant-based material that binds to nutrients, making them more easily absorbed and bioavailable for optimal benefits. Research shows that this simple combination enhances the absorption of CoQ10 by 800% compared to standard CoQ10 forms.*", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nursing.tcnj.edu/public-health-clinical-e-portfolio-requirements/1-health-requirements-public-health/", "date": "2018-09-21T15:16:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267157216.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20180921151328-20180921171728-00372.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8444681167602539, "token_count": 248, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__111901505", "lang": "en", "text": "The department’s health requirements conform to College, Affiliate Agency, American Association of Colleges of Nursing, New Jersey Board of Nursing regulations, and current recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for health care workers. Health requirements for students are subject to change as new recommendations or federal/state regulations emerge. Affiliate agencies may require additional health protective testing. Department communications and course leaders will inform students of new requirements.\n|a) Hepatitis B Vaccination Series||Completed Hepatitis B immunization series (three immunizations or laboratory proof of immunity).|\n|b) MMR||Two (2) MMR (mumps, measles and rubella) immunizations or laboratory proof of immunity for measles (rubeola), mumps and German measles (rubella).|\n|c) Varicella||Students must submit documentation of two doses of Varicella (chickenpox) vaccination or documentation of laboratory proof of immunity. Documented history of chickenpox disease is NO LONGER ACCEPTABLE.|\n|d) Tetanus and Pertussis Immunization||Proof of Pertussis containing Tetanus booster (Tdap) received after April 2006.|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://johnmccrae.bibliocommons.com/item/show/648671026", "date": "2018-04-22T01:20:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125945484.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20180422002521-20180422022521-00627.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.849909245967865, "token_count": 171, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__194219436", "lang": "en", "text": "Animal TailsBook - 2011 | 1st ed.\nThere are almost as many types of tails as there are animals--scaled tails, talking tails, rattling tails, upside-down tails, swatting tails, swimming tails, spraying tails, warning tails, wagging tails, venomous tails, cooling tails, balancing tails, and so many more. You'll never look at animal tails the same way again! Discover the wild and wonderful world of animals tails. Explore the science of tails with fun, easy experiments, and laugh at cool tail trivia that will dazzle and surprise.\nPublisher: Waynesville, NC : Earlylight Books, c2011.\nEdition: 1st ed.\nBranch Call Number: 573.998 FIELD\nCharacteristics: 36 p. : col. ill. ; 27 cm.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://eschmidtpabonsai.wordpress.com/2013/06/20/a-big-yew-taxus-cuspidata-capitata/", "date": "2018-06-24T16:42:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267866984.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20180624160817-20180624180817-00598.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9823590517044067, "token_count": 705, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__152678040", "lang": "en", "text": "I acquired this large yew from a local nursery on sale. Yews are very hardy in my area and also make great bonsai. They are probably one of the best conifers to work on since they will easily back-bud on old wood. I have a couple of yews in my collection but none (or any of my trees) are near this size.\nOne thing to keep in mind is that its ok to handle yews however do not ingest any parts of the plant (especially the berries) since it is toxic. Yews grow very well in shaded areas and are heavy drinkers. Although they like a lot of water they need to be in a well draining soil because their roots are very soft and fleshy and are susceptible to root rot. But keep in mind that since they have soft, fleshy roots they can dry very quickly and die off as well.\nOver in Europe ,Yews are some of the oldest living trees and there are some incredible pictures of these trees you can find on the internet.\nNow my work-in-progress yew\nAs you can see it is a large tree. It is quite large in comparison to my riding mower. This is how it was purchased from the local nursery.\nI am making a temporary growing box it will spend the next couple years in as it progresses towards becoming a bonsai.\nGrowing box completed with securing wire, lava rock and gravel for a fast draining layer at bottom.\nSitting up on a bin getting ready for some minor root work.\nBurlap removed and a horrible rock hard mud/clay soil root-ball. It’s amazing that it even grew in that terrible soil!\nI didn’t get any in-action pics of working the root-ball. I was the only one around at the time and I was covered in mud. I raked and washed out as much dirt as I could with very minimal root disturbance. There was one large root that had to be cut so it would fit in the box but it had very few fine roots on it so it should not affect the tree. The tree sits in the box and is ready for some fresh much better bonsai soil.\nAfter filling in all the gaps with bonsai soil and working it in with a chopstick I did some initial pruning. The tree was suffering from some interior die-back since the external foliage was so thick. As of now this is how the tree will stay most likely for the remainder of the year. There is already some back-budding occurring which is a great sign. I will ponder on a final design for the tree over the next couple months and this winter I will do some styling/wiring on the tree.\nThis is the mess of foliage from the pruning. I only removed about a third of the foliage and still got this huge mound! It’s a no brainer as to why some of the interior was dying back.\nHere is a close-up of the fat trunk and nebari (surface roots). It’s about 4 inches wide! The nebari was scrapped up a bit from the difficult re-potting of such a large tree by myself. But in time it will heal over and be back to normal.\nIn the future I will do an updated post on this tree once I actually do some styling to it. Until then thanks for reading! 🙂", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://musicbrain.vizja.pl/abstracts/index/who/peretz/", "date": "2019-04-18T20:28:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578526807.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20190418201429-20190418222456-00030.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8587572574615479, "token_count": 361, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__29429230", "lang": "en", "text": "- Barbara Tillmann\n- Séverine Samson\n- Daniele Schön\n- Simone Dalla Bella\n- Kate Stevens\n- Bruno H. Repp\n- Peter Keller\n- Lena Nowicki\n- Joanna Kantor-Martynuska, Emmanuel Bigand\n- Ilona Laskowska, Simone Dalla Bella, Paulina Rolinska, Aleksander Litwinowicz, Edward Jacek Gorzelańczyk, Marek Harat\n- Piotr Podlipniak, Edward Jacek Gorzelańczyk\n- Magdalena Berkowska, Jakub Sowiński, Simone Dalla Bella\n- Simone Dalla Bella, Anita Białuńska\n- Anita Białuńska, Simone Dalla Bella\nWhen the brain is out of tune.\nMusical abilities are generally regarded as an evolutionary by-product of more important functions, such as those involved in language. However, there is increasing evidence that humans are born with musical predispositions that evolve spontaneously into sophisticated knowledge bases and procedures that are unique to music. Neuropsychological findings also suggest that the brain is equipped with music-specific neural networks and that these can be selectively compromised by a congenital anomaly. Such a neural anomaly results in a disorder, congenital amusia, that appears limited to the processing of music. The condition appears genetically determined and arises as a consequence of poor processing of pitch-related information. The neural correlates of congenital amusia do not point to a dysfunction of the auditory cortex but to abnormal connectivity with frontal regions. Recent electrical evidence further suggests that the amusic brain is in tune but is unaware of it.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.camasrocketry.com/group/mysite-200-group/discussion/cc2bc5d5-fa32-4745-a47c-0858846a152a", "date": "2023-10-02T14:43:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511000.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002132844-20231002162844-00316.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9234288334846497, "token_count": 2337, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__130399522", "lang": "en", "text": "Free Mature Thumbnail\nDeveloped by Angela He, it's completely free and surprisingly well done. The theme is quite a mature one too, with it touching on suicide and self-harm. It also touches on romance, there's a few memes (who doesn't love a good meme) and so on. What's striking initially is the artwork, it's seriously good. Great chilled-out soundtrack to go along with it too, the quality here really is impressive.\nfree mature thumbnail\nYou can find it free on itch.io and Steam and donate if you enjoyed the experience. You can also see more games made by He on their itch page, I'm certainly interested in seeing something longer from them given how impressed I was with it.\nTwo years ago today we announced 18.104.22.168, a secure, fast, privacy-first DNS resolver free for anyone to use. In those two years, 22.214.171.124 has grown beyond our wildest imagination. Today, we process more than 200 billion DNS requests per day making us the second largest public DNS resolver in the world behind only Google.\nCORE Turkey, Turkey Meal & Duck recipe provides protein-rich, natural, grain-free nutrition. This nutrient-dense recipe has Turkey & Duck for cats who prefer a fish-free, chicken-free diet. To help support optimal health and digestion, cranberries and probiotics are added.\nWhile considerable progress has been made towards understanding the complex processes and pathways that regulate human wound healing, regenerative medicine has been unable to develop therapies that coax the natural wound environment to heal scar-free. The inability to induce perfect skin regeneration stems partly from our limited understanding of how scar-free healing occurs in a natural setting. Here we have investigated the wound repair process in adult axolotls and demonstrate that they are capable of perfectly repairing full thickness excisional wounds made on the flank. In the context of mammalian wound repair, our findings reveal a substantial reduction in hemostasis, reduced neutrophil infiltration and a relatively long delay in production of new extracellular matrix (ECM) during scar-free healing. Additionally, we test the hypothesis that metamorphosis leads to scarring and instead show that terrestrial axolotls also heal scar-free, albeit at a slower rate. Analysis of newly forming dermal ECM suggests that low levels of fibronectin and high levels of tenascin-C promote regeneration in lieu of scarring. Lastly, a genetic analysis during wound healing comparing epidermis between aquatic and terrestrial axolotls suggests that matrix metalloproteinases may regulate the fibrotic response. Our findings outline a blueprint to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms coordinating scar-free healing that will be useful towards elucidating new regenerative therapies targeting fibrosis and wound repair.\nOur knowledge of the molecular and cellular events during mammalian tissue repair is extensive (see refs , , , ) and yet, even with such broad understanding of the wound repair process, regenerative medicine has failed to develop therapies that can perfectly regenerate skin. This stems partly from the dynamic reciprocity of cellular interactions and signaling pathways and partly from a lack of appropriate models to observe these interactions in a regenerative environment . While wound repair in fetal mammals , , , ,  and marsupials  has provided insight into the cellular and molecular regulation of scar-free healing, comparisons of wound repair between fetal mammals and adults has limitations, both biological and practical . The developing fetus, at the time when it heals scar-free, has an immature endocrine system, is immuno-incompetent, is contained in a moist sterile environment, and its cells are in a state of chronic hypoxia . Adult skin is more completely differentiated and adult wounds are open to desiccation and infection, two factors that seriously complicate wound repair. Other promising models of scar-free healing, such as the MRL mouse, which share the ability to regenerate ear punches with rabbits, hares, pikas, cows, pigs and cats , ,  has proven less than perfect when challenged to heal excisional skin wounds ,  casting doubt on the special regenerative powers of this inbred mouse model.\nGiven their seemingly absolute powers of regeneration, a recurring question has been whether wounds made outside of regenerating structures (e.g. limbs and tails) in adult urodeles are capable of scar-free healing or, like adult anurans, heal with a scar . In this study we examined full thickness excisional (FTE) wound healing of dorsal back skin in adult axolotls. Using an established mammalian excisional wound model to directly characterize cutaneous wound healing in adult axolotls, we examined hemostasis, inflammation, new tissue formation and remodeling processes. Additionally, we induced metamorphosis in adult axolotls to test the hypothesis that loss of larval skin characters and transition to a terrestrial form results in fibrotic scarring following FTE flank wounds. Here we demonstrate that both aquatic and terrestrial axolotls are capable of perfect, scar-free skin regeneration. We discuss these findings in the context of mammalian wound repair and present a blueprint for investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate scar-free skin healing in adult vertebrates.\nPrevious work in regenerating newt limbs suggested that reformation of the basement membrane (BM) facilitates dermal regeneration and its delayed formation permits blastema formation . We followed BM regeneration after re-epithelialization and asked whether it occurred prior to the onset of dermal regeneration in excisional flank wounds. In uninjured skin the BM is visible as a thick fibrous band separating epidermis from dermis and is continuous except where mucous glands interject into the epidermis (Figure 3A). Following re-epithelialization histological staining revealed a thin, immature structure beneath the new epidermis (Figure 3A). The BM continued to mature and was completely regenerated at least 47 days after wounding (Figure 3A; yellow arrows D47). Interestingly, complete regeneration of the BM corresponded to regeneration of the dermis (except for stratum spongiosum) (Figure 3A and Figure 1G).\nA) Histological examination of basement membrane (BM) regeneration in axolotls. The uninjured BM is visible as a thick blue-stained fibrous band (yellow arrows). An immature BM has begun to reform (yellow arrow D1) after re-epithelialization and is visible at the wound margin (WM) in contrast to the uninjured BM. The regenerated BM is visible at D47. Yellow arrows at D7 and D21 indicate reforming BM. B) Examination of lamina lucida (laminin) and lamina densa (collagen type IV) during basement membrane regeneration. The uninjured BM is positive for laminin and collagen type IV (yellow arrows) as are the basement membranes surrounding glands and muscle fibers. Following re-epithelialization the basal lamina of the epidermis is negative for laminin and collagen type IV (white arrows) and this is clearly evident at the wound margin (WM). Seven days post injury the BM stains strongly for laminin indicating reformation of the lamina lucida, while staining for collagen type IV is punctuated. The lamina densa is regenerated by D14 based on continuous collagen type IV staining and persists during dermal regeneration.\nWhile adult mammals are incapable of regenerating full thickness skin wounds, fetal mammals exhibit scarless healing of similar type wounds . Similarly, while pre-metamorphic anurans heal scar-free, post-metamorphic anurans have been documented to heal flank wounds through scar formation . Adult axolotls retain several larval skin features (e.g. leydig cells, pseudo-stratified epithelium), thus we asked if these characteristics facilitate their ability to heal wounds scar-free. To test this hypothesis we exploited the fact that normally aquatic axolotls retain the ability to undergo metamorphosis to a terrestrial form through administration of thyroxine and we induced metamorphosis in adult axolotls (controlling for age and size with sibling paedomorphs). Comparing uninjured epidermis between both forms we noted two major differences; first, granular glands that occupied relatively little space in the paedomorph dermis were greatly enlarged and occupied most of the stratum spongiosum while mucous glands appeared similar in form between morphs (Figure 4A and Figure S3A). Second, the epidermis no longer contained leydig cells and had transitioned to a completely stratified epithelium exhibiting a well-defined stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum and stratum corneum (Figure 4B).\nComplete dermal regeneration was delayed in metamorphs (compare Figure 1G and Figure 4G). While epidermal organs regenerated in both forms after 40 days, the wound bed and underlying muscle still contained densely compacted extracellular matrix in metamorphs (Figure 4G and Figure S3C). After 80+ days the stratum spongiosum had regenerated but the stratum compactum remained incomplete (Figure 4H). After 120 days, the wound site resembled an 80-day regenerating wound in paedomorphs and a few collagen deposits still persisted in the underlying muscle (Figure S3D). Fibrosis was not resolved until at least 148 days and while mucous glands regenerated to pre-wound size, granular glands remained small even after 148 days (Figure S3E). Taken together these findings suggest that flank skin in adult metamorphic axolotls can completely regenerate following FTE wounding, but the time required to regenerate both the stratum compactum and mature granular glands is lengthened compared to paedomorphs.\nA-B) Fibronectin (FN) and tenascin-C (TN-C) levels were detected during scar-free healing in paedomorphs and metamorphs using an antibody to axolotl fibronectin and a polyclonal antibody to chick tenascin-C. We detected low levels of FN in the basement membrane at D7, and at the wound margins in both morphs. FN was present during ECM deposition at D14 in the center of the wound bed, but in relatively small amounts. By D21 little FN persisted in the regenerating dermis. B) TN-C was detected at the wound margins, in the basement membrane and surrounding some cells at D7. Fourteen days post injury we detected high levels of TN-C throughout the wound bed and in regenerating muscle. A sharp boundary formed between intact muscle and regenerating muscle. These high levels of TN-C persisted during dermis regeneration. Green fluorescence was used to detect autofluorescing erythrocytes. Epidermis (E), dermis (D), muscle (M), wound margin (WM). 041b061a72", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://blog.braintumour.ca/2016/06/brain-tumour-tissue-bank/", "date": "2020-02-18T00:32:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875143455.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20200217235417-20200218025417-00150.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9723132848739624, "token_count": 418, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__60074793", "lang": "en", "text": "When you fundraise for Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada, one of the many things that you are helping to fund is the Brain Tumour Tissue Bank. Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada is the sole funder of the Brain Tumour Tissue Bank, which is housed in state-of-the-art facilities located at University Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario.\nWe recently went on a tour of the facility, which is located close to the surgery theatres to ensure that tissue samples are collected and processed as quickly as possible.\nThe Brain Tumour Tissue Bank started when Iain, a nine year old boy, became ill with an inoperable brain stem tumour. His family realized that there was no cure and that research was the only way to find a cure. The Brain Tumour Tissue Bank officially opened on June 10, 1991, the first anniversary of Iain’s death.\nSince the Tissue Bank started in 1991, almost 2,000 tissue cases (yielding around 10,000 samples) have been collected. Depending on the size of the removed tissue, multiple samples are prepared from each case. Samples are snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and a matching piece to each frozen sample is placed in formalin, which preserves and fixes the tissue so slides can be cut and stained. This allows the tumour type to be clearly identified through a microscope. Most of the tissue is kept frozen in liquid nitrogen at -196ºC and some in ultra-low freezers at -80ºC.\nThese tissue samples are then made available to researchers (shipped in dry ice) both locally and around the world. 140+ research projects have used tissue from the tissue bank, resulting in 56 publications. One researcher in the USA was so grateful for the tissue samples that he recently donated $100 of his own money to say thank you! Shipments continue to be sent each year, in the hopes that one day, the cause of and a cure for brain tumours will be found.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.christchurchartgallery.org.nz/collection/69-24/margaret-olrog-stoddart/bush-fire-paraparaumu", "date": "2023-11-29T04:28:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100056.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129041834-20231129071834-00486.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9711070656776428, "token_count": 211, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__285163747", "lang": "en", "text": "- c. 1908\n- Purchased 1959\n- 257 x 360mm\n- View on google maps\nAbout the artist\nMargaret Stoddart, from The Weekly Press 9 June 1909\nPerhaps the most effective way to clear the native forest that stood in the way of developing farmland was to set fire to it – something poignantly captured here by Margaret Stoddart. The landscape of Paraparaumu, and the Tararua mountain ranges beyond, was home to one of Aotearoa’s most prized birds, the huia. Now extinct, when Stoddart painted this work around 1908, the last official sighting of huia had been recorded a year earlier. Huia were prized for their distinctive tail feathers by Māori and Pākehā, and were relentlessly hunted to extinction in the early 1900s to satisfy a lucrative trade in their skins for stuffed specimens and their beaks for grim jewellery.\nShip Nails and Tail Feathers, 10 June – 22 October 2023", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://ccnet-nibb.co.uk/", "date": "2019-06-24T23:26:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627999779.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20190624231501-20190625013501-00346.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9253726005554199, "token_count": 167, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__202332510", "lang": "en", "text": "CCnet – Carbon reCycling: Converting waste derived GHG into chemicals, fuels and animal feed\nCCnet is one of 6 new networks in Industrial Biotechnology & Bioenergy funded by the BBSRC (BBSRC-NIBB) to encourage the growth of Industrial Biotechnology in the UK.\nCCnet will not only continue the work done by the previous BBSRC-NIBB C1net, but will also bring in those communities working on photosynthetic (cyanobacteria) and autotrophic CO2 utilising chassis as well as exploring the potential of anaerobic digestion as a feedstock generator. It provides a cross-sector forum to foster and enhance collaboration between industry and academia.\nCCnet has funding for research projects, conferences, studentships, workshops and outreach.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://theludshuks.blogspot.com/2007/08/wild-times-in-back-yard.html", "date": "2018-06-22T11:04:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864391.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20180622104200-20180622124200-00587.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9880033731460571, "token_count": 506, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__238066726", "lang": "en", "text": "Earlier, we noticed a toad had the misfortune of falling down our recess window. So when the Ludlows came over on Sunday, LeAnna suggested that Kassie help Jim get the toad out. They were successful, and I'm sure the toad was grateful, at the time.\nA few minutes later, Kesa wanted to see the toad, so the three went out to find the rescued reptile. Not far from where he was released, Kesa spotted the toad. It appeared to be stuck under the AC unit. As Jim tried to free the toad (for the 2nd time) he found the amount of resistance odd so he began pulling harder. It was then when he saw the cause of the resistance; a snake's head was latched to the other end of the toad!!\nIt would appear that this slimy serpent had been laying in wait under the AC unit and found himself quite the meal. Unfortunately for him, his meal was too big to fit under the AC.\nJim reacted as any middle-class, white, suburban male, who just so happened to have a stick in his hand when faced with a snake a few inches from his nose...... He shouted \"Holy Crap! It's a snake!\" ( Yes, he kept the language clean in front of the girls. We're proud of him for that) and promptly slammed the stick down on the snake's head, pinning it to the ground.\nAs you'd expect, the snake didn't like that much so it started reeling and jerking it's long and rather plump body around in an attempt to get free. What a sight. So much so that Jim then shouted, \"get the camera\". So the girls when in to get the camera and spread the word. Soon, along with the camera, the whole family came out to witness the unlikely event.\nHere's the pictures:\nObviously, the first photo is the Money Shot.\nJim managed to get the toad free but soon the snake escaped back under the A/C unit. After acquiring better snake hunting implements, Mark suggested moving the AC. As soon as they did, that snake took off fast, heading down a hole in the ground near the house foundation.\nThis rather large guarder snake who had gotten fat from eating bugs and the occasional toad has not been seen since. I don't know about you, but if I were him, I'd have found another hiding spot too.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.goremedical.com/products/herniaplug?locale=mpd_na", "date": "2018-07-18T12:33:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590169.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20180718115544-20180718135544-00306.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8528705835342407, "token_count": 366, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__21944397", "lang": "en", "text": "GORE® BIO-A® Hernia Plug is a proven synthetic, bioabsorbable device that promotes tissue response and reduces complications associated with permanent implants in soft tissue repair.\nSurgeons count on the GORE® BIO-A® Hernia Plug to deliver a host of advantages that include:\n- Innovative Design: Made from a non-woven web of polyglycolic acid:trimethylene carbonate (PGA:TMC) fibers that form a 3D matrix of open, highly interconnected pores\n- Full Absorption: This product absorbs fully and heals naturally with the material replaced by tissue at 1:1 ratio1\n- Tissue Generation: Tubes fill the defect, enabling tissue generation for long-term reinforcement with no permanent material left behind\n- Easy Introduction: Customizable and trimmed to surgeon's preferred technique\nThe plug is a bioabsorbable scaffold that is intended for use in the reinforcement of soft tissue procedures like umbilical hernia repair, inguinal hernia repair, and trocar port site closures. We offer this product in a single configuration designed to reinforce most defects.\nContraindication: This product is contraindicated for the reconstruction of cardiovascular, orthopedic, and passive biological membrane (i.e., dura mater, pericardium, and peritoneum) defects.\n- Morales-Conde S, Flores M, Fernández V, Morales-Méndez S. Bioabsorbable\nvs polypropylene plug for the \"Mesh and Plug\" inguinal hernia repair. Poster\npresented at the 9th Annual Meeting of the American Hernia\nSociety; February 9-12, 2005; San Diego, CA.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.funinthesuncharters.net/marathon-fl-fish-species", "date": "2023-09-25T17:17:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233509023.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925151539-20230925181539-00423.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8729115724563599, "token_count": 349, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__11791600", "lang": "en", "text": "Marathon, FL Fish Species\nFish Season Calendar\nGuide's Targeted Fish Species In September\nCommon Marathon, FL Fish Species Questions\nWhat fish are in season in Marathon Florida?\nIn Marathon, Florida, the fish currently in season include mahi-mahi, yellowtail snapper, and blackfin tuna. Join Fun In The Sun Charters to enjoy thrilling fishing adventures and catch these abundant and delicious species while soaking up the sun.\nWhat fish are in the canals in Marathon Florida?\nThe canals in Marathon, Florida are home to a variety of fish, including tarpon, snook, and mangrove snapper. Experience the excitement of canal fishing with Fun In The Sun Charters, where you can reel in these prized species while enjoying the picturesque surroundings of the canals.\nWhat is the fastest fish in Florida?\nThe fastest fish in Florida is the sailfish, capable of reaching speeds up to 68 miles per hour. Experience the thrill of chasing sailfish with Fun In The Sun Charters, where you can embark on exhilarating fishing expeditions and witness the incredible speed and agility of these magnificent creatures firsthand.\nA Fun In The Sun Charters Fishing Charter targets the top Marathon, FL Fish species including Mahi Mahi, Black Grouper, Gag Grouper, Red Grouper, Hogfish, King Mackerel, Redfish, Blacktip Shark, Nurse Shark, Cube Snapper, Grey Snapper, Yellowtail Snapper. We primarily Fish the Atlantic Ocean.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://visitsemass.com/attractions/lloyd-center-environment-nature-center-and-preserve", "date": "2019-01-20T20:36:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583730728.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20190120184253-20190120210253-00020.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9382086396217346, "token_count": 415, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__89489611", "lang": "en", "text": "The Lloyd Center for the Environment, a 501(c) 3 non-profit organization, founded in 1978 and situated with its headquarters and spectacular nature preserve overlooking the scenic Slocum River estuary, has achieved a well-earned reputation for excellence in environmental research and education. Through its innovative outreach programs, it has established itself as a highly regarded leader in the ongoing effort to raise awareness of the area’s fragile coastal resources and the importance of protecting them.\nAt this recently expanded 82-acre nature preserve, comprising pristine salt marsh, maritime forest and undisturbed wetlands, in one of the most unspoiled reaches of Dartmouth, the Visitor Center is open from 10 to 4, Tuesday through Saturday, and on Sundays, June - September, free of charge. There, aquarium exhibits offer unique views of live freshwater and saltwater species of fish and other marine critters. The Center is also home to a fascinating collection of live local reptiles, many representing endangered species, being “head-started” and readied for release back into their natural environment. At the always popular touch-tank, youngsters learn the hands-on joy of socializing with gentle spider crabs, elusive minnows, sea stars (starfish), whelks, hermit crabs, periwinkles and mussels.\nThe top-floor Osprey Room Observatory, with its magnificent views of the Elizabeth Islands and Buzzards Bay, has been designated by the Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs as one of the Commonwealth’s top-fifteen “Special Places”. Through telescopes there, one can get a close-up view of formerly endangered Ospreys, and their chicks, nesting on platforms erected by members of the Center’s research staff.\nTrails are open from dawn to dusk, seven days a week. The Lloyd Center for the Environment is located at 430 Potomska Road, Dartmouth, Massachusetts. For more information, visit www.lloydcenter.org or call 508-990-0505.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.osborne.co.uk/2014/04/29/osborne-ramps-up-safety-and-education-during-construction-work/", "date": "2024-04-25T05:36:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712297284704.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20240425032156-20240425062156-00882.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9486949443817139, "token_count": 316, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__172786181", "lang": "en", "text": "Osborne ramps up safety and education during construction work\nOsborne have started enabling works for the installation of two new pedestrian access ramps to the footbridge over the tracks at Wareham Railway Station in Dorset.\nWhilst these ramps will improve safety, the construction of these ramps means we are relocating the species protected under European Law: the smooth snake and the sand lizard. To meet the requirements of the law, a new habitat has been created nearby and the reptiles are being transferred carefully to their new home.\nTo mark this unseen element of the project, and to raise awareness of the area’s ecological importance to those using the new ramps, Osborne have installed conservation boards on both sides of the bridge. These innovative boards give information to members of the public on a number of ecological factors, including the various species living near to the Railway station area.\nJames Buckley, Site Manager for Osborne said: “These conservation boards have been a positive addition to the project and a great demonstration of how modern construction work has to take into account many factors and deliver flexible and innovative solutions. We have successfully started capture and relocation, so far collecting twelve sand lizards, over 40 slow worms and two grass snakes.”\nPaul Richmond, Commercial Scheme Sponsor at Network Rail said: “The ramps will greatly improve safety by removing the need for pedestrians to use the level crossing. The conservation boards are an excellent way of showing rail users – and the local population – that they share their town with a wide variety of species and the measures taken to protect them.”", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://tenderfootcare.com/services/nerve-test/", "date": "2020-06-06T05:31:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590348509972.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20200606031557-20200606061557-00258.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9379191994667053, "token_count": 305, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-24", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__181948627", "lang": "en", "text": "DPN is a complication of diabetes and is caused by chronically high levels of glucose (sugar) levels, which may result in nerve damage primarily in the legs and feet. It affects more than half of all people with diabetes. DPN can lead to pain, nubness and poor balance and if untreated it can get worse with time.\nIf DPN goes untreated, individuals can experience the following:\nThe American Diabetes Association recommends a comprehensive foot exam at least once a year for people with diabetes.\nA NC-Stat DPNCheck nerve conduction test can give you a firm foundation for your overall diabetes care. The test offers:\nAn accurate, non-invasive in-office sural nerve conduction test. The sural nerve is located in the lower leg and ankle region. It is one of the first places that the body will show signs of nerves being impacted by diabetes. It provides a numerical reading of the ability of the sural nerve to conduct nerve impulses. This test allows for early detection and intervention to prevent severe and long-term damage to the legs and feet.\nA record of sural nerve conduction results allows you and your Doctor to monitor the progression of your DPN. A NC-Stat DPNCheck test provides the information needed to not only better manage your diabetes, but also to help preserve your nerves and thereby protect your feet from the serious complications of the disease. The NC-Stat DPNCheck test is covered by Medicare and many other Heath Insurance Companies.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://familyotc.com/products/megared-advanced-4-in-1-2x-concentrated-omega-3s-dietary-supplement-softgels-80ct", "date": "2022-12-08T02:46:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711232.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20221208014204-20221208044204-00218.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9315581917762756, "token_count": 172, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__132138491", "lang": "en", "text": "We will notify you when this product becomes available.\nMegaRed Advanced 4 in 1 is a special combination of high concentration fish oil and high absorption krill oil that has 2 times more Omega 3s vs. standard fish oil alone. Our most advanced Omega-3 supplement to date brought to you by one of the leaders in omega 3 supplements, MegaRed. And this advanced formula goes beyond just heart health. 4in1 supports and provides benefits to 4 areas in the body - heart, joint, brain and eyes. Heart - May reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Joint- Promotes joint comfort. Brain - Supports brain health. Eyes - Building block for eye health.* *These statements have not been evaluated by the food and drug administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Gender: Unisex.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.takeinformation.com/post/tips-to-prevent-altitude-sickness", "date": "2024-04-16T00:58:13Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817036.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416000407-20240416030407-00801.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9396446347236633, "token_count": 539, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__1634217", "lang": "en", "text": "Altitude sickness is unpredictable. It occurs when you travel too high too quickly, but not every time. It is, however, always serious.\nYou may experience altitude sickness when you rapidly increase in altitude without allowing time for your body to adjust. There is less oxygen in the air at higher elevations, and oxygen deprivation can lead to negative side effects.\nIf you are at a high altitude, your doctor may think you have this condition. Your doctor will ask you questions about your symptoms and examine you. To rule out other conditions, your doctor may ask if you have been drinking fluids or alcohol or using any medicines, or if you have a cold or the flu.\nWhat are the symptoms?\nWatch out for signs between six and 24 hours at altitudes of more than 3,000 m (9,840 ft) above sea level, including headache, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, tiredness, loss of appetite, and shortness of breath, which is worse at night.\nCan you prevent it?\nThe best way is to travel slowly up to altitudes above 3,000 m and take medicines for altitude sickness with you.\nWhat's the treatment?\nIf you think you have altitude sickness, stop and rest where you are. Don't go any higher for at least 24-48 hours.\nIf you have a headache, take painkillers, and if you feel sick, take an anti-sickness medication. If your symptoms don't improve or get worse, descend as soon as possible, and see a doctor.\nIf the symptoms of altitude sickness are ignored, they can lead to life-threatening high altitude cerebral oedema (HACE), swelling of the brain caused by a lack of oxygen, and high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE), a build-up of fluid in the lungs.\nThese are serious conditions and require immediate treatment.\nDoes a drop in temperature make you ill?\nWell, yes, but not in the way you might think. A study found that exposing your skin to cold temperatures isn't what makes you susceptible to the common cold. What's more likely to make you ill is the drop in humidity linked to that drop in temperature.\nAs lung specialist, Ray Casciari in Orange County, California, US, says, in a low-humidity environment \"your eyes tend to dry out, the mucous membranes in your nose dry out, and your lungs dry out, and you are therefore much more susceptible to bacteria and viruses\".\nAs viruses are more likely to survive and multiply in cold than heat, you are more prone to getting sick when the weather turns cold.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://linkedomics.zhang-lab.org/login.php/", "date": "2024-02-24T03:37:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474482.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224012912-20240224042912-00334.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8171436190605164, "token_count": 259, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__138255270", "lang": "en", "text": "LinkedOmics is publicly available portal that includes multi-omics data from all 32 TCGA Cancer types\nand 10 Clinical Proteomics Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) cancer cohorts.\nThe web application has three analytical modules: LinkFinder, LinkInterpreter and LinkCompare. LinkFinder allows users to search for attributes that are associated with a query attribute, such as mRNA or protein expression signatures of genomic alterations, candidate biomarkers of clinical attributes, and candidate target genes of transcriptional factors, microRNAs, or protein kinases. Analysis results can be visualized by scatter plots, box plots, or Kaplan-Meier plots. To derive biological insights from the association results, the LinkInterpreter module performs enrichment analysis based on Gene Ontology, biological pathways, network modules, among other functional categories. The LinkCompare module uses visualization functions (interactive venn diagram, scatter plot, and sortable heat map) and meta-analysis to compare and integrate association results generated by the LinkFinder module, which supports multi-omics analysis in a cancer type or pan-cancer analysis.\nLinkedOmics provides a unique platform for biologists and clinicians to access, analyze and compare cancer multi-omics data within and across tumor types.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://bytechuvled.com/news_detail/10313.html", "date": "2023-06-01T22:23:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648209.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20230601211701-20230602001701-00037.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8947315216064453, "token_count": 165, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__290695206", "lang": "en", "text": "What are the 222nm Excimer lamp\nPublish Time: 2022-12-22\nAuthoritative research shows that: wavelength of 222nm far ultraviolet radiation is not only harmless to human skin and eyes, and does not contain mercury (mercury) a class of harmful materials, no ozone release, can do environmental protection. When it comes to disinfecting bacteria on the skin, the far-ultraviolet light of 222nm is equally effective in killing bacteria. The Japanese experiment reportedly proved that 222nm UVC radiation does not cause skin cancer. In view of this, this product adopts 222 nano excimer technology for research and development production, can be widely used in daily life, medical institutions, schools, shopping malls, airports, hotels and other public places, to achieve man-machine coexistence sterilization.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://2023.umwrcd.net/cas/an-inquiry-into-the-validity-of-the-tube-test-as-a-measure-of-dominance-in-mice/", "date": "2023-09-25T23:47:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510100.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925215547-20230926005547-00343.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9231635928153992, "token_count": 343, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__288443626", "lang": "en", "text": "By Timothy Philbeck\nFaculty Mentor: Parrish Waters\nMice are social animals, and interactions among individuals can provide valuable information related to behavioral and physiological processes. To better understand social relationships in mice, the Tube-Test was developed to easily measure behavioral dominance in cohorts of mice; although this method is not universally accepted as a reliable measure of social dominance, it holds the benefit of being rapid, low stress, and providing an objective measure of dominance. To address the controversial validity of the Tube-Test and to enhance our ability to discriminate dominant mice in social groups, I compared results from the Tube-Test to home-cage behavior, preputial gland size, and steroid hormone levels, all of which are more universally accepted (but more labor intensive) indicators of social dominance in mice.\nI housed mice in dyads and assigned them social ranks (i.e. dominant or subordinate) based on their proportion of wins during the Tube-Test (n = 6 dyads). Social rank influenced the duration of total aggression (t = -18.42, df = 4, p ≤ 0.05), although subordinate mice exhibited higher levels of aggression. I used Wilcoxon rank sum tests to compare corticosterone concentration and preputial gland size. Social rank did not influence either of these measures (corticosterone: W = 6, p = 0.7; preputial gland: W = 3, p = 0.7). My results from this pilot study suggest that the Tube-Test does not represent an effective method to measure dominance-like behavior or physiological changes in laboratory mice, although I am continuing this work with an additional cohort of mice.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://conseils-developpement.info/membership/what-you-get/discounts/Currumbin-Wildlife-Sanctuary", "date": "2018-10-15T23:37:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583509958.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20181015225726-20181016011226-00516.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8482405543327332, "token_count": 192, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__59700342", "lang": "en", "text": "Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary is More Australian, More Natural, More Fun!\n- Cuddle a koala\n- Feed a friendly kangaroo\n- Experience the wild lorikeet feeding free-flight bird show and Australiana sheep shearing\n- Witness Aboriginal presenters perform didgeridoo and dancers shows\n- Let the kids loose on Wild Island, the fun-filled outdoor adventure playground\n- See our wonderful vets in action within the Wildlife Hospital precinct\nCurrumbin Wildlife Sanctuary is a not-for-profit organization and reinvests all proceeds back into our amazing Australian native wildlife and conservation programs.\nImmerse yourself in the new Lost Valley! Explore a forgotten world and get up close and personal with some of the world's most unique species including friendly Lemurs, Cotton-top tamarins, Red pandas, Capybaras along with free-flying birds, exotic reptiles and so much more.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://owholmesartgallery.blogspot.com/2013_11_19_archive.html", "date": "2018-04-26T13:19:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125948214.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20180426125104-20180426145104-00166.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9802260398864746, "token_count": 164, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__10876507", "lang": "en", "text": "Tuesday, November 19, 2013\nKindergarten artists learned about fossils. We read several books and talked about how we can learn from fossils. They have plants and animals in them that may not exist anymore. We also learned about how people have been using clay to create functional artwork for thousands of years. To create our clay \"fossils\", we used rolling pins to roll out clay slabs. Then we used real leaves to add to texture and print the leaves into the clay. We also added texture by printing with toy dinosaurs to create footprints and skeleton shapes into our clay. After the clay was dried and fired, we painted them brown and then used old sponges and water to scrub off most of the paint, but leaving painting in the deep textured areas, so that our fossils were emphasized.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.osref.org/medical-education-materials/scleral-melt-and-ischemia.aspx", "date": "2017-04-28T14:03:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917122992.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031202-00420-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8632529377937317, "token_count": 871, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__58406075", "lang": "en", "text": "Scleral Melt & Ischemia\nThe sclera serves as a protective coat and a stable support for the intraocular tissues . Its thickness is not uniform, being the thickest at the posterior pole (1-1.35 mm), gradually decreasing to be the thinnest immediately posterior to the rectus muscle insertion (0.3 mm), and increasing again towards the limbus (0.8 mm). The scleral matrix is compact and made of collagen fibers and interfibrillar proteoglycans. In a normal healthy eye, the scleral stroma is avascular, receiving its nutrition from choroidal blood vessels and the vascular plexus in the Tenon's capsule and on the episcleral surface. Scleral melt is a serious and challenging clinical problem as it threatens the integrity of the eye. Clinically, scleral melt is almost always the result of ischemia which interrupts the blood flow of episcleral blood vessels. Therefore, scleral ischemia and melt can be caused by a number of diseases that interrupt the blood circulation. Acutely, scleral ischemia can occur in chemical or thermal burns. When such ischemia extends near the limbus, it further compromises the limbal epithelial stem cells. Chronically, scleral ischemia can happen when excessive‚ beta irradiation or Mitomycin C are used to treat pterygia or develop after systemic vasculitis and connective tissue disorders.\nThis Guide demonstrates how Tenonplasty can be used to restore the blood supply. Once the blood supply is established on the ischemic sclera, lamellar corneal graft and/or amniotic membrane transplantation can be used as a tectonic substitute for the missing scleral tissue depending on the depth of the scleral defect. Furthermore, the overlying conjunctival surface healing is facilitated by the transplantation of a cryopreserved amnion graft. As illustrated in this Guide, lamellar corneal tissue and amniotic membrane transplantation can be accomplished without sutures by using fibrin glue. As a result, the surgical time is shortened (allowing topical anesthesia), the patient's recovery time is reduced, and the postoperative care is simplified.\nScleral Melt & Ischemia surgical guide\nTenonplasty for Scleral Melt & Ischemia Intro Video\nOverview of Tenonplasty for Scleral Melt & Ischemia Video\nTenonplasty for Scleral Ischemia Surgical Videos\nTenonplasty for Scleral Ischemia Video\nTenonplasty Surgery Post-Op Results Video\nTenonplasty for Scleral Ischemia Second Surgery Video\nTenonplasty for Scleral Melt Surgical Videos\nTenonplasty for Scleral Melt Surgery Video 1\nPost-op Review for Scleral Melt in Surgery Video 1\nTenonplasty for Scleral Melt Sample Video 1-b\nTenonplasty for Scleral Melt Sample Video 2\nTenonplasty for Scleral Melt Sample Video 3\nIf you have additional surgical questions after viewing this information, contact OSREF's Research Director, Scheffer C.G. Tseng, MD, PhD, by e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.org or by phone at 305-274-1299.\nVideos edited by: Scheffer C.G. Tseng, MD, PhD, Hosam Sheha, MD, PhD, Ahmad Kheirkhah, MD, Antonio Elizondo, MD, Victoria Casas, MD\nNote: The videos are for peer discussion purposes and the creators are not participating in commercial promotion of any product.\nFinancial Interest Disclosure: Dr. Tseng and his family are more than 5% shareholders in TissueTech, Inc. and Bio-Tissue, Inc. which currently distributes AMNIOGRAFT® and PROKERA™\nCopyright © 2011 Ocular Surface Research & Education Foundation. Content is protected under intellectual property laws and are licensed for non-commercial viewing only. Any distribution, copying transmission or alteration is prohibited. All rights reserved.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.mammothbeer.com/blogs/news/counting-yeast", "date": "2024-04-13T07:11:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816586.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413051941-20240413081941-00742.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9389963746070862, "token_count": 443, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__185256484", "lang": "en", "text": "WIthout yeast there is no beer. With this in mind, it’s important for a brewer to ensure that this vital ingredient is treated and used in the correct way.\nOne variable of importance when using yeast is how much. Using too much yeast can limit the amount of yeast growth and prevent a desired yeast character from developing. Not using enough yeast can create a myriad of issues, namely an unfermented beer and/or undesirable characteristics from the stressed out yeast cells.\nSo, how does a brewer control this? Two pieces of equipment most commonly used in combination are a microscope, and a haemocytometer. With this, the number of yeast cells in a representative sample can be physically counted, and then this can be extrapolated up. Depending on the yeast and the style of beer being made, and the conditions, the window for the ideal amount of yeast can change. This information is supplied by the company supplying the yeast, however it isn’t unusual for brewers to intentionally stray outside these parameters to experiment with different effects.\nNow for some maths to demonstrate how this works. If you are making a batch of beer that is 1000L, and you are using a yeast strain that needs 10,000,000 cells per ml, then you need:\n1000 x 10,000,000 x 1000 = 10,000,000,000,000 or 1013 cells\nA haemocytometer is essentially a glass slide with a tiny grid on it (see pic). You place a liquid sample on this grid, and then place a glass slip over the top. The liquid within this square trapped under the glass is a set volume, and is thin enough to count yeast cells with a microscope easily. Once you know how many cells are in the grid, then you can multiply this number up by a factor based on the size of the haemocytometer, and see if you’ve hit your target number of cells.\nThis simple way of counting yeast is used by breweries of all sizes, and helps to give brewers a great deal of oversight over a variable that it is vital to control closely, for the sake of making good beer.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.westnilevirussymptoms.net/", "date": "2014-07-30T07:00:17Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1406510268734.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20140728011748-00183-ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9639188647270203, "token_count": 758, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-23__0__106612162", "lang": "en", "text": "As of November 14, 2012, no less than 48 states have reported a total of 5,128 cases showing West Nile virus symptoms in people, including 229 deaths.\nOf these, 2,601 (51%) were classified as neuroinvasive disease (such as meningitis or encephalitis), suffering paralysis or other lingering neurological damage, and 2,527 (49%) were classified as non-neuroinvasive disease. The 5,128 cases reported thus far in 2012 is the highest number of West Nile virus disease cases reported to CDC through the second week in November since 2003. Thus, the West Nile virus epidemic of 2012 has become the worst on record for the last decade, and in particular for death and brain damage.\nEven more serious, however, have been new indications that suggest the virus may be mutating into a more serious and virulent form, as more cases are showing the virus attacking the brain more aggressively than in the past. For instance, the virus has recently been found by some clinicians to damage speech, language and thinking centers of the brain — something that has never been reported before. Elsewhere, brain damage in young, previously healthy patients, not just in older, sicker ones has been seen— another change from past years’ outbreaks.\nThese disturbing observations have been downplayed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, maintaining that there is no evidence that the virus is causing a different type of brain damage, but rather that more serious cases this year have emerged because there are more cases overall. However, the CDC does not currently collect the kind of data needed to determine whether the virus is causing more-severe brain damage.\nStill, there is evidence to suggest the virus has changed: e.g. showing a greater incidence of severe encephalitis – more neuroinvasive, neurovirulent, inflammation of the brain — than in the past.\nFor instance, a Texas virologist found signs of genetic changes in virus collected from the Houston area. Further, while the virus in the past has typically invaded the brain and spinal cord of people who have weakened immune systems, such as the elderly and transplant or cancer patients, there have been recent cases reported in people much younger and initially healthier. In other cases, patients were found to have lost their ability to talk or write, or became partially paralyzed, suffered stroke, or experienced recurring seizures – not the usual clinical picture most often seen with WNV. The outlook for such patients varies, but most will face years or a lifetime of disability.\nWith reports still coming in and new cases continuing — infected mosquitoes continue to bite in southern states — 2002′s record of 284 deaths and 2,946 cases of neuro-invasive disease will shortly be left in the dust. The reason 2012 was a record-busting year for West Nile virus is due primarily to weather: abnormally warm overall, and in many parts of the country, the hottest year on record. Increasing temperatures promote virus growth in mosquitoes, making it easier for them to transmit the virus.\nAnd there are more West Nile epidemic outbreaks to come as recent warming patterns of climate change are likely to continue. Most people are still going to be susceptible to being infected in subsequent years. There’s no vaccine, and there’s no treatment. The best advice for avoiding infection involves wearing protective clothing, using insect repellent, avoiding the outdoors at dawn and dusk, and ridding your home of places mosquitoes breed.\nA controversial measure to kill adult mosquitoes has been the use of aerial spraying of insecticide. While such spraying is generally considered safe, it’s not totally without risk. And there have been questions about whether it works.\nStay tuned for further data.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://glasswings.com.au/blog/2021-03/12-195252.html", "date": "2022-07-02T04:20:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103984681.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220702040603-20220702070603-00728.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8934981822967529, "token_count": 269, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__259666562", "lang": "en", "text": "\"The Australian government has officially acknowledged the extinction of 13\nendemic species, including 12 mammals and the first reptile known to have been\nlost since European colonisation.\nThe addition of the dozen mammal species confirms Australia’s unenviable\nposition as the world’s capital for mammal extinction, lifting the total number\nof mammals known to have died out to 34.\nNone of the 13 is a surprise. All but one of the mammal extinctions is\nhistoric, with most having disappeared between the 1850s and 1950s.\nBut the list also includes two species lost in the past decade, both from\nChristmas Island in the Indian Ocean.\"\n*** Xanni ***\nChief Scientist, Xanadu\nPartner, Glass Wings\nManager, Serious Cybernetics", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://barnabashealth.org/Specialty-Services/Neuroscience/Why-Choose-Us.aspx", "date": "2017-12-15T23:37:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948580416.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20171215231248-20171216013248-00187.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8928580284118652, "token_count": 319, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__7832062", "lang": "en", "text": "Why Choose Us\nNJ's Premier Neuroscience Program\nOur Neuroscience services are collectively the most comprehensive neurology\nand neurosurgical care system in the region. Our full-range of clinical\nneuroscience services include total brain, spine, nerve and muscle conditions.\nOur team utilizes the most state-of-the-art diagnostic and treatment technology\nfor the treatment of stroke and TIA, concussion, brain tumor, sleep disorders,\ndementia, seizure and epilepsy, balance, dizziness, brain and spinal trauma,\nheadache, mental health, multiple sclerosis, and neurologic rehabilitation.\nWe offer complete and comprehensive care, from diagnosis through long\nterm treatment of all neurological and related conditions. Our hospitals\naccept transfers of patients with difficult to diagnose and treat conditions\nof the brain, spinal cord, and neuromuscular system, as well as brain\nand spinal cancers.\nPatients have access to an impressive multidisciplinary group of experienced\nneurologists, surgeons, and specialists rivaling those found in large\nmajor metropolitan academic systems, right here in New Jersey. Our neurologists\nand neurosurgeons work closely with our vast network of other specialists\nand resources to treat the most complex conditions. As part of the largest\nhealth care system in New Jersey, our doctors have the ability to collaborate\nacross disciplines to provide the most complete care possible. These capabilities\nare particularly important when it comes to the neurological conditions\nwhich often touch other specialties, such as neurological cancers, stroke\nand TIA, and spinal trauma.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.milkbanktn.org/post/finding-support-and-help-how-your-community-can-make-a-difference", "date": "2024-04-22T01:10:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818067.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421225303-20240422015303-00396.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.934711754322052, "token_count": 450, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__111250959", "lang": "en", "text": "According to the Cleveland Clinic , there are numerous benefits of breastfeeding your newborn for both mom and baby.\nAmong the top 5 are:\n1. A healthier newborn\nStudies have shown that babies who breastfeed are more capable of fighting off dangerous infections like Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating disease that affects mostly the intestine of premature infants.\n2. A happier, healthier new mom\nBreastfeeding is a proven way to shed those pregnancy pounds! Breastfeeding promotes faster weight loss after birth, burning about 500 extra calories a day to build and maintain a milk supply. Breastfeeding also stimulates the uterus to contract and return to normal size. Less postpartum bleeding from breastfeeding can reduce the chance of anemia.\nPsychological research has also shown that instances of postpartum depression decrease with breastfeeding, and mom's who breastfeed generally have a more positive mood.\n3. A healthier adult child\nBreastfed babies are also less likely to develop allergies and asthma. Teens and young adults who were breastfed are less likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, heart disease, and pre- and postmenopausal breast cancers in adulthood.\n4. A healthier grand-mom\nStudies have also shown that women who breastfeed their children receive health benefits throughout life. Older women who breastfed earlier in life have shown lower risk of breast cancer, lower risk of ovarian cancer, lower risk of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, less endometriosis, and less osteoporosis with age.\nThere seem to be heart health benefits to breastfeeding as well, since women who breastfeed are less likely to develop hypertension decreases blood pressure and experience fewer instances of cardiovascular disease.\nSo, breastfeed your newborn so, one day, you'll be the healthiest grand-mom on the block!\n5. A better bond between mom and child\nThere's an important bond between mom and baby during breastfeeding, studies have found. Breastfeeding promotes more skin-to-skin contact, more holding and stroking. Many feel that affectionate bonding during the first years of life help reduce social and behavioral problems in both children and adults.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://nutrition.basf.com/global/en/human-nutrition/products/vitamin-k1.html", "date": "2021-03-09T00:31:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178385534.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20210308235748-20210309025748-00546.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9195993542671204, "token_count": 919, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__147152957", "lang": "en", "text": "Vitamin K1 is one of the premium ingredients BASF offers. Our vitamin K1 has world class stability, flowability and dispensability properties. Vitamin K1 is vital to good health, especially in bone development, and plays an important role in early life development.\nVitamin K1 is a fat-soluble vitamin and is vital to the development of healthy bones and teeth. More specifically, vitamin K1 plays an essential role in incorporating calcium phosphate into bones and is subsequently important for regular bone growth. It also plays a crucial role in blood clotting, since it activates blood clotting factors as well as coagulation-inhibiting factors.\nSource of vitamin K1\nVitamin K1 is found in green leafy vegetables such as broccoli, spinach and salad.\nBenefits of our vitamin K1\n- We offer vitamin K1 with premium properties such as outstanding flowability and stability for dietary supplements, beverage and food applications.\n- We supply vitamin K1 for applications in the infant nutrition and medical food fields.\n- We provide our global network of Human Nutrition labs with our first-class application services, tailor-made training and technical support for dietary supplements, functional nutrition, beverages and food applications, as well as for infant and medical nutrition.\nWhat makes BASF's vitamin K1 unique?\nVitamin K1 is produced in BASF’s state-of-the-art facility in Ballerup, Denmark. There are two high-quality vitamin K1 powder grades available: Dry Vitamin K1 1% GFP and Dry Vitamin K1 5% GFP. All vitamin K1 products are certified as vegetarian, gelatin-free, kosher, halal, allergen free, and gluten free.\nHealth benefits of vitamin K1\nVitamin K plays an important role in a number of health functions, especially in early life stages. Vitamin K is vital to the development of bones and teeth, since it is a co-factor in the production of several bone proteins, the most abundant being osteocalcin. Vitamin K1 is essential for the synthesis of osteocalcin, which helps to incorporate calcium phosphate in bones. Osteocalcin, and consequently vitamin K1, are necessary for regular bone growth. Vitamin K also plays a crucial role in blood clotting as it activates blood clotting factors Il (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X, as well as coagulation inhibiting factors.\nVitamin K1 is used both in prevention and therapy of vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K deficiency is particularly common in new-borns and babies fed exclusively with breast milk. Breast milk contains little vitamin K, so the ability of the child’s liver to store vitamin K is limited, and intestinal synthesis is not yet fully developed. Implications of Vitamin K deficiency can be avoided with a preventative dosage of vitamin K immediately after birth. Our gelatin-free dry powder vitamin K1 is primarily used in dietary supplement tablets and is also suitable for food and beverage fortification.\nWith dietary supplements, vitamin K1 is used in solid products containing vitamin K1 as the sole active ingredient, as well as in multivitamin and mineral preparations (e.g. tablets, sugar-coated tablets, instant drink granules, effervescent tablets and hard gelatin capsules). With food products, vitamin K1 is mainly used in the enrichment of food products for babies and children, (except for non-cereal-based infant food formulations in the EU), dietetic products, instant drink powders, dried milk, and multivitamin fruit juices and confectionery (e.g. multivitamin sweets).\nDisclaimer: The data contained in this publication are based on our current knowledge and experience. In view of the many factors that may affect processing and application of our product, these data do not relieve processors from carrying out their own investigations and tests; neither do these data imply any guarantee of certain properties, nor the suitability of the product for a specific purpose. Any descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights, etc. given herein may change without prior information and do not constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product. It is the responsibility of the recipient of our products to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislations are observed.\nDiscover our Product Range\n|Dry Vitamin K1 1% GFP||Information & Certificates|\n|Dry Vitamin K1 5% GFP||Information & Certificates|", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://fundailyfeed.com/nasa-finds-evidence-of-flowing-water-on-mars/", "date": "2018-06-18T00:07:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267859904.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20180617232711-20180618012711-00487.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9408683776855469, "token_count": 487, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__226688421", "lang": "en", "text": "NASA scientists managed to solve one of the greatest riddles of the Red Planet and to get one step closer to the greatest riddle of the Universe—“Does life exist beyond Earth?”.\nResearchers discovered liquid saltwater on the surface of Mars, that could be an evidence of the existence of life on the planet. NASA scientists came to this conclusion by analyzing high-quality photos they got from the imaging spectrometer on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, called the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment.\nSeasonal streams of liquid water were discovered back in 2011 by American researchers at the University of Arizona. Streaks appear on Martian slopes and canyons during the warm time of the year, when temperature is ten degrees Fahrenheit below zero (minus 23 Celsius), and disappear during colder seasons. Dark narrow streaks that reach hundreds of meters in length appear after the trickles of liquid saltwater flow and combine with each others. Scientists believe that the presence of the saltwater indicates the evidence of some form of life on the planet: without salt water would freeze. On the Earth, for example, if we find water, we would find life. Although scientists still do not know where the water comes from, they admit that it may rise from melting underground ice or condense out of the Martian atmosphere.\nThe existence of water on Mars—in solid, frozen form—was theorized many years ago, but it was proved only just now. There was a time, a billion years ago, there were lakes and rivers on Mars, but the current water reserves are rather modest—pitches of damp soil instead of pools of standing water. The planet was likely much warmer around four billion years ago than it is today. NASA’s associate administrator for science John M. Grunsfeld cannot imagine that this breakthrough would not be a high-priority issue with the scientific community.\nNASA scientists think that freezing point on Mars may be minus eighty degrees Celsius, and given the low atmospheric pressure, the boiling point may be plus ten degrees. The average temperature is about minus 62 degrees. Therefore, water would be liquid longer because of the presence of salt in it.\nAt the present time, there are five station on the Mars, three of them are American: Mars Odyssey, MRO and MAVEN. American Mars Rover Opportunity is a record-holder for work duration, and Curiosity is the heaviest Mars Rover (900 kilograms).", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://pawmettolifeline.org/fostering-a-kitty-with-ringworm-not-so-scary-after-all/", "date": "2021-12-08T05:38:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363445.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20211208053135-20211208083135-00544.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9486690759658813, "token_count": 713, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__81910465", "lang": "en", "text": "Fostering a Kitty with Ringworm: Not So Scary After All!\nWhat exactly IS ringworm? It sounds gross!\nRingworm is a fungal infection affecting the skin, hair and occasionally nails of animals (and people). It manifests itself on kittens generally on the head, around the eyes, ears, feet, and tail in round areas of hair loss that are rough and scaly.\nIt is NOT a worm, as the name may lead you to believe. In fact, it is very closely related to Athlete’s Foot found commonly in humans and typically lives in the soil.\nWhile it is a zoonotic infection – meaning it can be passed between species – it most commonly affects young animals and those with suppressed immune systems. Young kittens are notorious for not grooming as effectively, which is why we see it more often in kittens.\nWhat does a foster home need to be prepared to treat kittens with ringworm?\nIdeally, the animals are kept in a space in the home that you can completely clean with bleach or a specific hydrogen peroxide-based product that kills the fungus. This could be a spare bathroom, a utility room, or a room where there is limited furniture and wood floors or linoleum.\n– Linens and items you are able to use especially for fostering (Pawmetto Lifeline can provide these).\n– Food, litter and litterbox, and toys for your foster animals (Pawmetto Lifeline can provide these).\n– If you have other pets, they absolutely need to be kept separate due to the degree of contagion. So no socializing of your foster kittens with other animals in your home.\n– Understanding. The amount of handling does not have to be limited, but you need to take extra precautions when handling the kittens (no rubbing their fur on your face!) and being diligent about washing before interacting with others after handling the infected kittens.\n– Patience. It can be difficult to keep kittens for a few months and not get attached to them but rest assured they will find forever homes, and you helped them with that!\n– Love and affection! These kittens need just as much love and socialization as the next kitten, they just happen to require a different kind of care.\nIt’s best to not have someone in the household who has a compromised immune system that could be susceptible to getting infections.\nWhat is provided to the foster home?\n- Medication and treatment for the fungal infection – lime dip and oral medication\n- Instructions on the treatment process\n- 24/7 support from the Foster Team staff every step of the way\n- Kittens! Cute, fluffy, adorable felines!!\nWhy should I consider helping?\nEvery foster parent is a true life-saver!\nDue to exposure risks for the other animals, shelters have to handle cases of ringworm in a very regimented way, isolating the animals and limiting contact with them since we are handling so many other animals. This is a rather sad situation for kittens who need lots of attention, love, and playtime.\nShelters are a high-stress environment, and animals tend to get healthy and stay healthy in a less stressful home environment.\nIf you have questions, or would like further information about this foster care need, please e-mail firstname.lastname@example.org or call (803) 465-9175 and speak with our Foster Care Team.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.dexcom.com/faq/my-sensor-accurate", "date": "2017-04-28T20:01:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917123048.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031203-00324-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7729080319404602, "token_count": 107, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__144636968", "lang": "en", "text": "Is it okay if my Dexcom G4 PLATINUM CGM sensor glucose readings and fingerstick blood glucose values don’t match exactly?\nYes. Your sensor glucose readings are meant to be used for trending only. Your blood glucose meter and sensor measure your glucose from two different types of body fluids: blood and interstitial fluid. Therefore, the values from your blood glucose meter and sensor may not match exactly. Contact the Dexcom Product Support team for further assistance by calling 1-877-339-2664.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.lakeviewenergyllc.com/biofuels", "date": "2023-03-28T14:55:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948867.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20230328135732-20230328165732-00689.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9534037113189697, "token_count": 603, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__267291017", "lang": "en", "text": "Biofuel is produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates found in grains and other biomass. Biofuel can be produced from a number of different types of grains as well as from other agricultural by products such as corn stovers, rice hulls, cheese whey, potato waste, brewery and beverage wastes and forestry by products. At present, the majority of biofuel in the United States is produced from corn because corn contains large quantities of carbohydrates and can be handled efficiently. Such carbohydrates convert into glucose more easily than most other kinds of biomass. The corn used for biofuel production is known as No. 2 yellow field corn which is indigestible to humans and goes primarily to the livestock feed industry. Outside the United States, sugarcane is the primary feedstock used in biofuel production. Bio-refineries also produce valuable co-products for the feed and biodiesel industries, including high protein distiller’s grains, corn oil, and syrup. CO2 is also captured in bio-refineries and is used primarily in the beverages industry.\nClick our on logos below to read more about our investments!\nEthanol is a $54 billion industry in the US that currently manufactures over 15 billion gallons of ethanol annually in over 200 plants around the country making it the 2nd largest fuel transportation supplier in the US with 10% of the market. The industry now ranks ahead of countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Venezuela and Algeria in supplying transportation fuel across America and is delivering on the targets set out by the Bush administration in 2007 on ensuring America reduces its over reliance on foreign oil.\nCorn is received at the plants by truck or rail, which is then weighed and unloaded in a receiving building. Storage bins are utilized to store grain, which is passed through a scalper to remove rocks and debris prior to processing. Thereafter, the corn is transported to a hammer mill where it is ground into coarse flour and conveyed into a slurry tank for enzymatic processing. Water, heat and enzymes are added to convert the complex starch molecule into simpler carbohydrates. The slurry is heated to reduce the potential of microbial contamination and pumped to a liquefaction tank where additional enzymes are added. Next, the grain slurry is pumped into fermenters, where yeast, enzymes, and nutrients are added, to begin a batch fermentation process. A beer column, within the distillation system, separates the alcohol from the spent grain mash. Alcohol is then transported through a rectifier column, a side stripper and a molecular sieve system where it is dehydrated to 200 proof alcohol. The 200 proof alcohol is then pumped to a holding tank and blended with approximately two percent denaturant (usually natural gasoline) as it is pumped into finished product storage tanks. The mash is taken through a centrifuge following the distillation process where it is converted into syrup, corn oil, and a high protein feed distiller’s grains.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.genomicsforaustralianplants.com/stylidiaceae/", "date": "2022-07-04T05:22:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104354651.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20220704050055-20220704080055-00723.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8869292140007019, "token_count": 255, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__272936057", "lang": "en", "text": "Aim: Phylogenomics Stage 2\nProject initiation: Aug 2021\nProject lead: Juliet Wege | Department of Biodiversity Conservation & Attractions (DBCA)\nThe triggerplant genus Stylidium (Stylidiaceae: Asterales) is a charismatic element of the Australian flora renowned for its highly specialised flowers that place pollen on (and retrieve pollen from) visiting insects via a rapidly rotating column (the ‘trigger’). More than 300 species are known, including a raft of rarities that have only recently been scientifically named and described. An overarching taxonomic synthesis Stylidium and allied genera is being prepared for the Flora of Australia; however, evolutionary relationships remain poorly understood.\nThis project will produce a phylogenomic framework for 240 species of Stylidiaceae based on Angiosperm353 target capture data. The framework will be used to formulate a robust classification of the family that will underpin current and future taxonomic research and associated conservation efforts. These data will also be used to address questions of phylogenetic relationships, biogeographic history, and trait evolution and will also provide insights into the drivers of speciation in south-western Australia, a veritable hotspot of triggerplant diversity.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.beadcoalition.com/rhino-force-assists-wilderness-wildlife-trust-funds-successful-black-rhino-darting-project/", "date": "2024-04-15T02:50:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816939.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415014252-20240415044252-00721.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9359669089317322, "token_count": 893, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__66484993", "lang": "en", "text": "Wilderness Wildlife Trust, with the support of various partners including a generous donation from RHINO FORCE, facilitated the funding for a successful black rhino darting operation in Malawi’s Liwonde National Park, between 17 and 29 November 2013.\nLed by Chief Veterinary Officer of the IUCN Species Survival Commission’s African Rhino Specialist Group, Dr Pete Morkel, the aim of the darting operation was to fit VHF transmitters on as many black rhinos as possible in order to maximise monitoring efficiency of the population in the face of intensifying poaching pressure in the park. The new tracking devices aid ongoing monitoring, ecological research and overall security measures run by the managing authority, the Department of National Parks and Wildlife (DNPW), and the tourism concessionaire, Wilderness Safaris.\nSince November 2012, daily patrols involving professional rhino trackers of the DNPW Rhino Protection Team and Krisztián Gyöngyi (Rhino Monitoring and Research Ecologist) have been conducted to monitor, protect and record relevant ecological data on the species living in and outside the Sanctuary. The new transmitters will not only increase the monitoring efficiency of the rhino, but locating them in the park will also be considerably easier.\n“We had to ensure that the rhino were darted before the oncoming wet season and were thrilled with the success of the operation. Days were long, the team worked hard and as a result five rhinos were captured and treated during the 13-day campaign. We covered approximately 190km on foot, spending 118 hours actively tracking rhino in the bush. We were also grateful for the support and assistance of Dr Amanda Salb of the Lilongwe Wildlife Centre and James Kamtsokota from African Parks Majete, whose exemplary tracking skills and knowledge of black rhino behaviour played an important role in finding the rhino”, said Mr Gyöngyi.\nConserving the small stock of black rhino in Liwonde is of a high national and international priority. However, like many populations in Africa, this one is also severely threatened by illicit poaching. This, coupled with the limited resources of DNPW in continuing its protection, necessitated the launch of the Trust’s Liwonde Black Rhino Protection Project in 2012. It is a joint collaboration between the DNPW, Wilderness Safaris Malawi and Mr Bentley Palmer – a private stakeholder who has played an instrumental role in the protection of rhino in Liwonde for over 20 years.\nThe Bead Coalition CEO, Joanne Lapin Thorpe says, “We are so proud that we could donate R20,000 from sales of our successful RHINO FORCE bracelets to assist with this project.”\nFor further info on the Trust – http://www.wildernesstrust.com/\nAbout Wilderness Wildlife Trust: www.wildernesstrust.com\n- The Wilderness Safaris Wildlife Trust supports a wide variety of approximately 30 projects annually in southern Africa, within the categories of wildlife management, research and monitoring, and community empowerment and education. These projects address the needs of existing wildlife populations, seek solutions to save endangered species and provide education and training for local people and their communities.\n- For more than 20 years, the goal of the Wilderness Wildlife Trust has been to make a difference to Africa, her wildlife and her people.\n- Contact Russel Friedman for more information: firstname.lastname@example.org\nAbout Wilderness Safaris: www.wilderness-safaris.com\n- Wilderness Safaris is an ecotourism company that specialises in memorable wildlife experiences in some of the most remote and pristine areas in Africa. In this way it offers its guests private access to three million hectares of Africa’s finest wildlife reserves, while remaining fiercely committed to protecting our planet’s precious natural and cultural resources.\n- Wilderness Safaris operates camps and safaris in some of Africa’s best wildlife and wilderness reserves across nine different countries: Botswana, Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe.\n- Wilderness Safaris is part of the Wilderness organisation, a group of responsible ecotourism companies and conservation and community development vehicles that together endeavour to use responsible tourism to build sustainable conservation economies in Africa.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.tourntravel.com/International-Tours/Tour-8562-1-Ecuador--The-Gal%C3%A1pagos-Escorted-Bus-Tour-of-.aspx", "date": "2019-01-22T20:02:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583867214.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20190122182019-20190122204019-00118.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8938707709312439, "token_count": 1846, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__123026506", "lang": "en", "text": "This exciting vacation lets you sample the natural wonders of Ecuador and the Galápagos Islands. Enjoy guided sightseeing in Quito, have your photo taken at the “Center of the World,” and visit the Giant Tortoises Reserve. Spend two nights on Santa Cruz Island at the Finch Bay Hotel, where an expert Naturalist introduces you to indigenous plant and animal species found only in the Galápagos. Choose from a menu of à la carte activities to make this experience special to you. Then, embark on an exciting 4-day cruise among various Galápagos Islands. Have your camera ready as your Naturalist points out colonies of sea lions, pelicans, boobies, several species of Darwin’s finches, marine iguanas, flamingos, masked boobies, blue-footed boobies, frigatebirds, storm petrels, short-eared owls, and other birds. Also visit the Charles Darwin Research Station—a remarkable adventure!\nDay #1 Arrive in Quito, Ecuador. Welcome to Quito!\nDay #2 Quito. An included sightseeing tour showcases Quito’s treasures: the historic stone murals of the LEGISLATIVE PALACE, Independence Plaza and the 16th-century SAN FRANCISCO MONASTERY, the Jesuit’s LA COMPANIA CHURCH with its stunning golden altars, and the impressive paintings at the WORKSHOP & MUSEUM of Oswaldo Guayasamin. Have your photo taken in front of the EQUATORIAL MONUMENT, the “Center of the World.” This evening, enjoy a welcome dinner. (B,D)\nDay #3 Quito–Baltra–Galápagos Islands–Finch Bay Hotel. Take a morning flight to Baltra, one of the remote Galápagos Islands. Upon arrival, transfer to the highlands of Santa Cruz, where your Naturalist introduces the island’s lush and vibrant landscapes. Visit the giant tortoise RESERVE for a chance to see the famous Galápagos tortoises in their wild habitat. Next, see the Twin Pit Craters, great depressions of volcanic material formed by a long process of slow sinking of the ground, where exceptional Scalesia trees, ferns, mosses, and orchids can be seen in the surroundings. Later this afternoon, visit the CHARLES DARWIN RESEARCH STATION, established to help conserve the Islands’ natural habitat and protect the famous giant tortoises. While here, learn about the tortoise-rearing program. (B,L,D)SPECIAL FEATURE: Named after the famous Darwin’s finches abundant in the surroundings, the Finch Bay Hotel offers a private seaside location surrounded by mangroves. Amenities include a bar, lounge, restaurant, outdoor pool and Jacuzzi, and beachfront access. Guests can enjoy daily boat excursions to various Galápagos Islands, kayaking, snorkeling, bicycle rides in town, and viewing the local flora and fauna.\nDay #4 Galápagos. Finch Bay Hotel. Outings today include a list of activities that allow you to have a “Galápagos à la carte” adventure. Perhaps take a hike over the lava rock formations past gigantic cacti to Las Grietas, a unique swimming hole created by lava flows. Or, choose a walk to Tortuga Bay, a 6-mile-long coralline beach; mountain bike up in the highlands; or swim, snorkel, or kayak right off the beach at the hotel. (B,L,D)\nDay #5 Galápagos Islands (Embarkation) Cruising: Santa Cruz Island. Today, board the sleek Santa Cruz for five days of CRUISING among various Galápagos Islands. Each day, travel ashore to the remote islands with your expert Naturalist, who introduces you to the unique fauna living free and fearless of man. Visit LAS BACHAS on Santa Cruz Island, where abandoned WWII military barges can be found. Today, it is an important nesting area for the East Pacific green sea turtle. You will also see brackish lagoons just steps away from the sea and white-sand beach, which is a feeding ground for various wading birds, from stilts to flamingos. Return to the ship for a briefing on the next day’s adventure, followed by a Captain’s welcome cocktail and dinner. (B,L,D)NOTE: The ship’s itinerary may vary according to Galápagos National Park policies and regulations, weather conditions, and seasonal changes to create the perfect cross-section of sites visited.\nDay #6 Galápagos Islands Cruising: James Island. After breakfast, join your Naturalist for a coastal exploration along the impressive cliffs of BUCCANEER COVE on James Island. Learn about the history of the island, its relevance for the whalers, pirates, and early researchers, including Darwin’s epic voyage in 1835. The cove is home to a large number of marine birds, sea lions, and inter-tidal organisms, which makes this is a great site for snorkeling, too! This afternoon, land at PUERTO EGAS on James Island, known for its black-sand beach and a landscape of tuff-stone layers and lava flows. This is a great opportunity to see land and marine birds as well as a colony of fur sea lions, marine iguanas, and Sally Lightfoot crabs. You have the chance to snorkel or swim from the beach, or ride on the glass-bottom boat. (B,L,D)\nDay #7 Galápagos Islands Cruising: Rábida & Bartolomé Islands. Disembark at RÁBIDA ISLAND on a red-colored beach, formed from the unusually high content of iron in the volcanic material. Stroll along the beach of this small island as your Naturalist points out large colonies of sea lions, pelicans, boobies, yellow warblers, and several species of Darwin’s finches. Very close to the beach, hidden behind a strip of green saltbush, is a salt pond where, at times, greater flamingos migrate. This is a wonderful place to snorkel from the beach, due to the unique combination of underwater species like the Galápagos dolphin and submarine landscapes. After lunch, en route to our next island, dolphins are often spotted. At BARTOLOMÉ ISLAND, hike to the summit for a stunning view of two beautiful bays and fascinating formations of lava flows and spatter cones, including the iconic Pinnacle Rock. You will also have the chance to snorkel and possibly see Galápagos penguins in tropical waters and even some sharks and rays! (B,L,D)\nDay #8 Galápagos Islands Cruising: Tower Island. Upon arrival at TOWER ISLAND, your visit to Prince Philip’s Steps begins with a scenic panga ride along the cliffs to see the large number of nesting colonies of Nazca boobies, red-footed boobies, and shore and seabirds in the cliffs’ ledges. Disembark at the base of Prince Philip’s Steps and climb up the stairs to a trail where birdlife abounds. A walk with your Naturalist reveals large colonies of masked boobies, blue-footed boobies, frigatebirds, storm petrels, and even short-eared owls. In the afternoon, disembark at DARWIN BAY to observe thousands of birds—mainly frigatebirds, red-footed and masked boobies, gulls, herons, finches, and mockingbirds. Return to the beach for swimming and snorkelling at this beautiful natural harbor. The more adventurous can snorkel below the cliffs. (B,L,D)\nDay #9 Galápagos Islands (Disembarkation) San Cristobal–Quito. After breakfast, depart for SAN CRISTOBAL, where Charles Darwin first set foot in the Galápagos back in 1835. Visit the GALAPAGUERA at Cerro Colorado to see the breeding program of giant tortoises and learn about this endangered species and its promising recovery. While here, watch for the Chatham (San Cristobal) mockingbird and Chatham lava lizard—both species are endemic to this island and seen nowhere else in the Galápagos. Head to the airport for your flight to Quito, where you will have free time this evening to prepare for your return flight home tomorrow. (B)\nDay #10 Quito. Your vacation ends with breakfast this morning. (B)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://aubelchocolate.com/2019/09/22/how-chocolate-is-made-the-cocoa-bean/", "date": "2024-02-27T22:53:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474688.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227220707-20240228010707-00058.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9491733312606812, "token_count": 1225, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__205214662", "lang": "en", "text": "You don’t have to be a scientist to make chocolate, but my professional scientific background has definitely helped me to understand the cocoa bean’s journey. I spent more than 15 years working in the chocolate manufacturing industry and during that time I learned all about the chocolate-making process. This, combined with my love of intense flavours, drove me to retrain as a chocolatier. I wanted to use my knowledge and my palate to create my own indulgent chocolates, made from pure, raw ingredients and the best cocoa I could source.\nI’m fascinated by everything chocolate: its history, how it’s grown, and what you can do with it…and I’d like to share some of that fascination with you.\nThe chocolate journey\nSo, how we get from the cocoa bean to a chocolate bar? It’s a complicated technical process, but I’ve simplified it here:\nThere are so many interesting things to point out along the chocolate journey that I’m going to divide the steps into several posts. Here I’m going to look at the different varieties of cocoa bean and the growing conditions that give them their distinct taste.\nFuture AuBel blogswill look at how the bean is used to create liquid chocolate and how that then becomes the products that we buy. When we come to the ‘final chocolate product’ (i.e. the bars and boxes that, apparently, the world spent approximately 98.2 billion US dollars on in 2016!), I’ll also give you an insight into how I come up with my award-winning AuBel flavours.\nThe cocoa tree\nThe Latin name of the cocoa tree is Theobroma Cacao, also known as ‘Food for the Gods’ in Greek. It grows to be 25 feet tall with white flowers, and it takes five years to produce its first colourful fruit. They’re called cocoa (or ‘cacao’) pods: they have cocoa beans inside them and the tree grows around 20 of them annually. Each pod holds approximately 30 to 60 beans and it is these that are used to make chocolate.\n(According to Cadbury’s, one cocoa tree produces approximately 1,000 cocoa beans a year, yielding 1lb of cocoa!)\nThe pods need warm temperatures and lots of rain to grow; this is why most cocoa beans are produced in the hot and humid regions of Africa (mainly forest areas), Central and South America, Asia and Oceania. Mass chocolate producers tend to source their cocoa from the Ivory Coast, where the majority is grown.\nThe cacao pod\nThere are four main varieties of cacao beans, each giving a distinctive colour and flavour to the chocolate it produces.\nForastero: this versatile bean is mainly grown in Africa, Ecuador and Brazil and makes up 80% of the world’s cocoa supply. Forastero beans are purple in colour and give chocolate its full-bodied, earthy and bitter flavour.\nCriollo: the Criollo tree is native to Central and South America, as well as the Caribbean islands and Sri Lanka. It is particularly difficult to grow and, as such, makes up less than 5% of the world’s cocoa supply. The beans are a white to pale pink colour and their taste is delicate yet complex, aromatic and less bitter than the Forastero.\nTrinitario: the hybrid Trinitario bean results from cross-pollination after the near destruction of Trinidad’s Criollo plantations by a hurricane in 1727. Forastero seeds were brought over from Venezuela and cross-fertilised with native Criollo beans, creating the Trinitario. It only covers about 10 to 15% of the cocoa harvest and is considered fine-flavour cacao. The Trinitario bean has the fine and complex flavour of the Criollo and the tree has the hardiness of the Forastero.\nArriba: a unique cocoa species, discovered in the 19th century by a Swiss chocolatier while navigating the Guayas River in Ecuador. This Nacional variety, named Arriba due to the region it was found in, has an intense cocoa taste with complex aromas.\nWhen the pods are ripe, they turn red, yellow or orange. Pods are suitable for harvest for three to four weeks, after which time the beans begin to germinate.\nHarvesting is done manually: this involves removing the ripe pods from the trees by making a clean cut through the stalk. The hard shells of the pods are opened a week to 10 days after harvesting, and the wet seeds (the cacao beans) extracted, along with the surrounding soft pulp.\nThe beans then undergo fermentation, a crucial stage in their journey as this is where their flavour development begins. This can happen in a variety of ways but all methods depend on the beans being removed from their pods and heaped together. This allows micro-organisms to develop and initiate the fermentation of the pulp surrounding them.\nThe pulp’s sugars convert to alcohol through yeast, and bacteria oxidises the alcohol, which contributes to complex chemical reactions. This leads to the nature of the chocolate’s flavour and colour. The length of fermentation is determined by the type of bean: e.g. Forastero beans take five days; Criollo beans only two or three.\nOnce fermented, the beans get to sunbathe! The natural heat of the sun also plays a significant role in how their flavour advances. Once dry, the beans are bagged up, ready for shipment across the world.\nAnd there we have it: the first part of the cocoa bean journey. In my next blog post we’ll look at how these beans go on to become liquid chocolate.\nIn the meantime, if you have a chocolate-related enquiry please get in touch!", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://physics.litasegr.unimi.it/", "date": "2021-09-22T16:59:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057371.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20210922163121-20210922193121-00451.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9084362983703613, "token_count": 431, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__68579840", "lang": "en", "text": "Laboratory of Complex Fluids and Molecular Biophysics\nWe study the physics of complex liquid systems and of biomolecules in solution. Typical examples are DNA, proteins, colloidal suspensions, polymers and liquid crystals. Under given circumstances all these systems spontaneously develop fascinating organized structures. The goal of our research is to probe and understand the relationship between the properties of the constituting elements (monomers, molecules, particles) and their spontaneous assembling. Our interests extend from fundamental physics to technological applications, and our aims range from unraveling the mechanisms of individual or collective molecular behavior to discovering novel materials and experimental approaches. The techniques we use include optical microscopy, light scattering, laser spectroscopy, rheology, electrically induced optical birefringence.\nThe research in our group is mostly organized along three main themes:\n- Soft materials\nWe investigate the structure and properties of heterogeneous fluid materials such as colloids, emulsions, liquid crystals and gels, possibly involving DNA or proteins. Our focus is on developing a fundamental understanding of their properties, as well as using the materials as models for the study of complex phenomena. In addition, much of our work is motivated by potential technological applications.\nWe study the properties of biological macromolecules and of cells. We focus on the physics of biopolymers through the investigation of the self-assembly and ordering of DNA fragments, the mechanism of protein folding, the kinetics of molecular recognition processes and the dynamical behavior of biopolymer networks. We also extend these studies to investigate the mechanical properties of living cells.\n- Novel optical techniques\nWe develop innovative optical approaches for specific technological issues and for scientific investigations. This includes novel methods for the optical investigation of complex fluids and biomolecular samples, primarily based on light scattering, microscope imaging and time resolved spectroscopy. In particular, innovative solutions are proposed in the field of label-free biosensors and quantitative dynamic microscopy.\nLaboratory web site\nL.I.T.A. building, via F. Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate (Milano), Italy", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://arionfasoli.com/en/poultry-equipments/incubators/", "date": "2024-03-01T07:34:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475203.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301062009-20240301092009-00476.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9378807544708252, "token_count": 200, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__104676083", "lang": "en", "text": "Egg hatching incubators with heating lamp and integrated thermostat\nIncubators for artificial brooding designed to replicate the task of “mother hen” obtaining a high percentage of egg hatching.\nWe have 3 models of artificial incubator, which differ in the number of eggs they can house.\nThanks to the automatic regulation of temperature, humidity and ventilation, the eggs are in an ideal environment for the development of the embryo up to the birth of the chick.\nA tilting tray simulates the movement that the hen makes with her legs while incubating the eggs to prevent the embryo from remaining attached to the inner wall of the shell, an event which would decree its premature death.\nEach incubator is suitable for the artificial hatching of eggs of various sizes: hens, pheasants, quails, ducks, guinea fowls, partridges, turkeys and geese.\nDiscover the 3 egg incubator models available in the catalog", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://wp-test1.zsi.at/knowledge_resource/knowmak/", "date": "2021-09-21T05:52:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057158.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20210921041059-20210921071059-00008.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7949028611183167, "token_count": 134, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__18977694", "lang": "en", "text": "The KNOWMAK tool provides users with an interactive interface where they can explore the knowledge co-creation in the European Research Area at different levels of aggregation in terms of topics and geographical spaces. The KNOWMAK project endorses the open data approach of the European Commission. Data developed within the project will be made available for research purposes through the RISIS EU-FP7 infrastructure project (risis.eu).\nVisit site: https://www.knowmak.eu/\nKeywords: Industrial biotechnology, Nanoscience and technology, Genomics, Publication statistics, Visualisation, Societal Grand Challenges (SGC), Key Enabling Technologies (KET)", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.medixbiocare.net/ofloxacin-metrionidazole-simethicone-suspension-6270358.html", "date": "2022-12-06T05:08:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711069.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20221206024911-20221206054911-00317.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7798430919647217, "token_count": 124, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__241138713", "lang": "en", "text": "Ofloxacin, Metrionidazole & Simethicone Suspension\nOfloxacin Metronidazole and Simethicone which treat diarrhoea. Ofloxacin kills bacteria by preventing them from reproducing and repairing themselves. Metronidazole kills other microorganisms in addition to bacteria by damaging the DNA. Simethicone is an antifoaming medicine which disintegrates gas bubbles and allows easy passage of gas.\nComposition:- Ofloxacin 50 mg, Metronidazole Benzoate 120 mg, Simethicone 10 mg", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://biop-institut.de/index.php?pg=81", "date": "2019-11-12T15:58:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496665575.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20191112151954-20191112175954-00392.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9434814453125, "token_count": 414, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__5581721", "lang": "en", "text": "|Präsentation: Tagung Agrarholz: C. Baum, P. Kahle, J. Köhn and P. Leinweber, Berlin 2013|\n|Soil- and socio-ecological impacts of short rotation coppices |\n– An evaluation report and a proposal for an integrated management scheme -\nThe use of biomass to produce energy (power, heat and fuel) is seen a carbon neu-tral and therefore climate impact neutral business. Cradle-to-grave life cycle analyses show that this not due for any kind of biomass. Hence, the analyses of agricultural soils cultivated with poplar or willow in short rotation coppices (SRC) have shown that SRC may increase the natural carbon sink in the soils. These might increase the soil fertility in the long term. Thus, the ecological and basic economic results have been evaluated by the use of integrated ecological and socio-ecological tools. Soil ecological results and the socio-economic frameworks in Sweden in Germany were compared and evaluated. Selected results from the former ERA Net project RATING-SRC and subsequent investigations on SRC sites in Germany and Sweden will be presented. Chemical, physical and biological soil properties were measured under SRC and adjacent arable sites with annual crops. The changed quality and quantity of leave and root litter and the lack of tillage under SRC can lead to an increased carbon accumulation and a changed soil organic matter quality, a decreased bulk density and a changed microbial activity and diversity. The soil ecological significance of SRC differs widely between different tree taxa and even on the clone-level. Therefore, bioindicators, like e.g. clone-specific concentrations of foliar waxes, were proposed for the selection of the most promising clones to improve the soil fertility of arable soils in the long term. These results may also explain why farmers observed a substantial increase of yields after the SRC has been turned again in arable land used for annual crops such as grain or rape seed.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://naturesgr8coconut.com/coconut-for-acne-treatment/", "date": "2018-11-13T23:04:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039741510.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20181113215316-20181114001316-00263.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9485113620758057, "token_count": 644, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-47", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__140903504", "lang": "en", "text": "Many people suffer from acne due to factors like age, hormonal changes, and poor hygiene. One natural remedy is to use coconut for acne. Using coconut for acne treatment is beneficial to keep you or your loved ones safe from the problem. Suffering from the condition is uncomfortable because of the swelling, redness, pain and inflammation. Thus, acne should be prevented and cured to avoid these signs and symptoms. Below, find out how coconut oil functions in the treatment of acne.\nAcne Treatment: The Function of Coconut Oil\nThe nutrients in coconut help fight the condition. A detailed explanation of its roles is listed below.\n- Fatty Acids\nCapric Acid and Lauric Acid are fatty acids found in coconut oil. They are also two of the most potent antimicrobial agents. Additionally, the breastmilk contains these acids to protect newborns from infections.\nApplying coconut oil on the skin turns the fatty acids Capric Acid and Lauric Acid into Monocaprin and Monolaurin by some good microorganisms. In turn, this replaces the affected skin layer through continuous washing using the coconut fluid. Taking coconut oil provides the same level of protection, however, directly applying it is highly recommended.\n- Vitamin E\nAs we all know, Vitamin E is an excellent substance that keeps the skin healthy. Coconut oil is considered an exceptional source of Vitamin E. It clears blockage as well as makes sure the sebum glands keep functioning. Vitamin E affects the hormones to fluctuate to help the sebum gland become less active. Therefore, it treats the origin of acne to prevent its appearance and irritating symptoms.\nOnce the coconut oil is applied to the skin with acne, it is quickly absorbed and instantly reduces inflammation. The oil then soothes the skin and helps heal the skin.\nFurthermore, coconut oil has an effect on the metabolic rate. It immediately increases its rate upon application. The chances of getting acne are reduced since coconut oil also has an effect on hormones and oil secretion. In conclusion, the increased metabolism is increasing healing process and repair of damaged skin caused by acne.\nEffective Methods to Use Coconut for Acne\nAforementioned, coconut oil may be applied directly on the skin or consumed orally. Both are effective means of effectively using coconut for acne. For maximum effect, take 2 to 5 tablespoons of coconut oil daily. The oil may be consumed directly or added to delicious meals or snacks. It does not really matter as coconut has a satisfying taste.\nChoosing the type of coconut oil is vital. Never settle for unrefined, crude ones. Opt for high grade oils available in the market. The problem with unrefined oils is that they can further develop the condition. The kind of oil is unhygienic and contains particles (dust, debris and harmful microbes) that can clog the pores.\nInstead, pick out the refined coconut oil. The best one to choose is the virgin coconut oil. They are very effective, but can be quite expensive as compared with other types of oil.\nGive coconut for acne a try today. To be honest, what do you have to lose with this safe and effective acne treatment alternative?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://bg.usembassy.gov/statement-by-the-embassy-of-the-united-states-in-bulgaria-03-15-2022/", "date": "2023-10-04T22:39:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511424.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20231004220037-20231005010037-00780.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9271811842918396, "token_count": 242, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__266696938", "lang": "en", "text": "March 15, 2022\nFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE\nStatement by the Embassy of the United States in Bulgaria\nAs the State Department’s spokesperson said in a public statement on March 9, it is untrue that The United States is developing biological weapons. It is Russia, not Ukraine, that has an active biological weapons program in violation of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC).\nRussia’s accusations about peaceful Ukrainian military biological research laboratories are absolutely false. Ukraine is in full compliance with the BWC and the United States would not cooperate with them for peaceful purposes otherwise. The research laboratories in Ukraine are fully run by the Ukrainian health and agriculture ministries.\nWe’ve provided support to renovate and equip the laboratories and to train personnel to work more safely and effectively on disease surveillance and response. This support has been publicly documented since it began – proudly, clearly, and in the open. The labs’ work is entirely peaceful in nature unlike Russia’s chemical and biological weapons programs, which are offensive in nature.\nMore information can be found here:\nFACT SHEET: The Department of Defense’s Cooperative Threat Reduction Program – Biological Threat Reduction Program Activities in Ukraine", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://archive.news-press.com/article/99999999/ENT09/50302008/Bull-shark", "date": "2015-11-30T15:10:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398462686.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205422-00180-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9572761058807373, "token_count": 406, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2015-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-48__0__82844341", "lang": "en", "text": "NAME: Carcharinus leucas; Common name: bull shark; Other names: cub shark.\nBULL SHARKS IN DEPTH: Bull sharks are at the top of the marine food chain in Southwest Florida, where mature adults prey on tarpon and even other sharks. They are stocky, powerful fish with large teeth that easily shear large bites. They are considered dangerous to man.\nBull sharks use Southwest Florida waters, particularly the Caloosahatchee River, as a nursery ground, swimming well upstream to bear live pups that quickly assert themselves in their riverine environment. Scientists theorize bull shark young are born in brackish water to separate them from potentially cannibalistic parents in salt water.\nIn recent years bull sharks have become the scourge of tarpon anglers in Boca Grande Pass. They home in on hooked fish or track tired, recently released tarpon with deadly efficiency during the month of May, although their numbers thin out thereafter.\nBull sharks are strong fighters that require heavy tackle, with metal leaders. Smaller sizes provide great sport on light tackle, and can be chummed easily with fresh cut fish.\nREGULATIONS: One per person or two per boat, whichever is less. Finning prohibited.\nEDIBILITY: Good to eat after bleeding. Catch should be iced immediately.\nFISHING TIP: Bull sharks are among the many species that have suffered from overfishing, due to a demand for shark meat and fins and a very low rate of reproduction. Catch-and-release fishing is advisable.\nSharks can be seriously damaged by removing them from the water, especially if held up by the tail, causing their entrails to slide forward. They also have the potential to seriously injure anglers with severe bites.\nCutting sharks loose while still in the water is a good catch-and-release method. Fishing with circle hooks may reduce injuries caused by gut-hooking.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://academy.alchemysystems.com/product/keeping-animal-welfare-top-of-mind/", "date": "2020-02-26T04:01:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875146186.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20200226023658-20200226053658-00506.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9688979387283325, "token_count": 358, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__123638569", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Grandin is a designer of livestock handling facilities and a Professor of Animal Science at Colorado State University. Facilities she has designed are located in the United States, Canada, Europe, Mexico, Australia, New Zealand, and other countries. In North America, almost half of the cattle are handled in a center track restrainer system that she designed for meat plants. Curved chute and race systems she has designed for cattle are used worldwide and her writings on the flight zone and other principles of grazing animal behavior have helped many people to reduce stress on their animals during handling.\nShe has also developed an objective scoring system for assessing handling of cattle and pigs at meat plants. This scoring system is being used by many large corporations to improve animal welfare. Other areas of research are: cattle temperament, environmental enrichment for pigs, reducing dark cutters and bruises, bull fertility, training procedures, and effective stunning methods for cattle and pigs at meat plants.\nShe obtained her B.A. at Franklin Pierce College and her M.S. in Animal Science at Arizona State University. Dr. Grandin received her Ph.D in Animal Science from the University of Illinois in 1989. Today she teaches courses on livestock behaviour and facility design at Colorado State University and consults with the livestock industry on facility design, livestock handling, and animal welfare. She has appeared on television shows such as 20/20, 48 Hours, CNN Larry King Live, PrimeTime Live, 60 Minutes, the Today Show, and many shows in other countries. She has been featured in People Magazine, the New York Times, Forbes, U.S. News and World Report, Time Magazine, the New York Times book review, and Discover magazine. In 2010, Time Magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://nanomedicines.org/antimetabolites-as-cancer-drugs.html", "date": "2021-10-18T14:56:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585203.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20211018124412-20211018154412-00345.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9028779864311218, "token_count": 3056, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__153377801", "lang": "en", "text": "16 Antimetabolites as cancer drugs\nIn this chapter, we will talk about anti-metabolites as anti-cancer agents, exemplified by Methotrexate, an anti-folate, and 5-FU as well as Capecitabine as pyrimidine analogues. “Anti-metabolite drugs work by inhibiting essential biosynthetic processes or by incorporating into macromolecules such as DNA and RNA, and inhibiting their normal function.”\n16.1 Folate antagonists: Methotrexate\nIn this chapter we will discuss folate antagonists, in particular Methotrexate. Anti-folates are drugs that block (antagonise) the actions of folic acid. Methotrexate was one of the first chemotherapeutic drugs used in the early 1950’s.\nThe primary function of folic acid (Figure 14.1), also called vitamin B9 or simply folate, is as a cofactor for various enzymes called methyltransferases. It is involved in the biosynthesis of the amino acids serine and methionine, but also in the synthesis of thymidine and purine. There are two major protein targets for anti-metabolites: The majority of anti-folates work by inhibiting the enzyme Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR), but some are inhibitors of Thymidylate Synthase (TS). DHFR catalyses the reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. Anti-folates act specifically during DNA and RNA syntheses and are thus cytotoxic during the S-phase of the cell cycle. Anti-folates inhibit cell division, DNA or RNA synthesis and repair and protein synthesis. DHFR is an attractive pharmaceutical target for inhibition due to its pivotal role in DNA precursor synthesis.\n16.2 Antimetabolites targeting Dihydrofolate Reductase\nBy means of reductive methylation, deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) and N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate are together used to form deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) and dihydrofolate as a secondary product (Figure 14.2). DHFR catalyses the conversion of dihydrofolate back to the active tetrahydrofolate. One important drug that blocks regeneration from dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate is Methotrexate.\nThe two chemical structures of dihydrofolate and Methotrexate (MTX) (Figure 14.3) are very similar and differ only in two positions: the hydroxy group in dihydrofolate is substituted with an amino-group in the 4-position. In addition, the N10 position is methylated in methotrexate.\nMethotrexate competitively inhibits DHFR that participates in tetrahydrofolate synthesis. The affinity of Methotrexate for DHFR is about 1000-fold increased, compared to dihydrofolate. Therefore, Methotrexate is extremely potent, essentially a stoichiometric inhibitor of DHFR. The crystal structure of the DHFR-MTX complex is shown in Figure 14.4. The protein is coloured in pink and blue, whereas the inhibitor is shown in red bound in the inhibitor-binding pocket.\n16.3 Mechanism of action of Methotrexate\nThe mechanism of action of Methotrexate is very interesting (Figure 16.5) because it is also the basis for the development of resistance at later stages of tumour treatment (see section 21).\n- Methotrexate enters cells by two different proteins, either the reduced-folate carrier (1) or the membrane folate binding protein (2).\n- Methotrexate is then polyglutamylated by the enzyme folypolyglutamate synthetase (3). Polyglutamylation is a form of reversible posttranslational modification of glutamate residues.\n- Polyglutamylated Methotrexate (glu)~n~ is a potent inhibitor of Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) (4).\n- Methotrexate polyglutamates are hydrolyzed to Methotrexate in the lysosome by γ-Glutamyl Hydrolase (GGH) (5). Hydrolysis of the polyglutamate tails by this enzyme makes (anti)-folates exportable from the cell again.\nIn summary, Dihydrofolate Reductase catalyses the reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. Tetrahydrofolate is needed in purine and pyrimidine synthesis, important for cell proliferation and cell growth. Inhibiting DHFR by Methotrexate causes depletion of tetrahydrofolate leading to a deficiency of thymidylate. Since DNA synthesis is dependent on thymidylate supply, cessation of DNA synthesis can lead to growth arrest in rapidly proliferating cells. Therefore, Methotrexate interferes with DNA synthesis in S-phase.\n16.4 Route of administration, clinical uses and toxicities of methotrexate\nVarious routes of administration for Methotrexate are available including orally, intravenously and several additional routes. Methotrexate can be used either alone or in combination with other drugs to treat:\nHead and neck\nAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)\nMethotrexate can also be used using lower doses to treat other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and graft-versus-host disease.\nThe most common adverse effects include bone marrow suppression, in particular leukopenia and oral mucositis, which is a painful inflammation that occurs in the mouth and which is a common complication of cancer treatment.\nMethotrexate can also affect how the kidneys work but only usually when it’s given in high doses. Patients will have blood tests before and during treatment to monitor this. Patients will have extra fluids through a drip before and after chemotherapy to protect the kidneys.\nRoutine monitoring is recommended including Methotrexate levels, complete blood count and creatinine at least every two months.\nLeucovorin is usually given 24 h after starting Methotrexate treatment to reduce the side effects. Leucovorin is administered at the appropriate time following Methotrexate as part of a total chemotherapeutic plan, where it may \"rescue“ bone marrow cells from Methotrexate treatment. Although it will alleviate gut and bone marrow toxicity, it does not alleviate kidney problems.\nLeucovorin may also be useful in the treatment of an acute Methotrexate overdose and it should be redosed until the Methotrexate is back to normal levels.\n16.5 Antimetabolites targeting thymidylate synthase\nWe will know look at pyrimidine anti-metabolites. Anti-metabolites masquerade for example as a pyrimidine, the building blocks of DNA. They prevent pyrimidine becoming incorporated into DNA during S phase of the cell cycle.\nWe have discussed the mechanism of action of Methotrexate and will now look at the mechanism of action of a drug called 5-FU, which targets Thymidylate Synthase (Figure 14.2). By reductive methylation, Thymidylate synthase catalyses the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) (Figure 14.2). This is coupled to the transformation of methylene tetrahydrofolate to dihydrofolate.\n16.6 Function of Thymidylate Synthase\nWe want to focus on the reaction catalysed by Thymidylate Synthase in more detail. The reaction catalysed by thymidylate synthase involves dUMP, N5, N10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate and the enzyme (Figure 14.6). Thymidylate Synthase forms a covalent bond to the substrate dUMP, through a cysteine side chain from the enzyme. The cofactor N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate donates a methyl group to the α carbon atom, resulting in a so-called transition state. The generated products are dTMP, which now carries an additional methyl group, and dihydrofolate. In summary, a methyl group has been transferred from the cofactor to the nucleotide during hte reaction.\n16.7 Poisoning Thymidylate Synthase: mechanism of inhibition by 5-FU\nHaving understood function of thymidylate Synthase we can now appreciate how this enzyme is inhibited. What is the mechanism of action of the anti-metabolite drug 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU)? 5-FU is an analogue of uracil with a fluorine atom at the C-5 position in place of hydrogen (Figure 14.7). Upon entering the cell, 5-FU is converted to a variety of active metabolites. One such metabolite is FdUMP. FdUMP differs from dUMP by a fluorine in place of a hydrogen on the α atom where the compound - compared to dUMP- possesses an additional flourine substituent.\nFdUMP is also able to bind to the nucleotide-binding site of the enzyme. Again, thymidylate synthase forms a covalent bond to the substrate dUMP, through a cysteine residue from the enzyme. The cofactor N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate donates a methyl group to the a carbon atom. However, the FdUMP is unable to have an elimination reaction and complete the methyl donation from methylene-tetrahydrofolate. 5-FU forms a stable ternary complex with the enzyme and tertrahydrofolate, therefore blocking binding of the normal substrate dUMP and inhibiting dTMP synthesis. F+ is highly unlikely as a leaving group, it cannot have an equivalent reaction to the hydrogen.\nExpert box: 5-FU principally acts as a Thymidylate Synthase inhibitor. Another mechanism of cytotoxicity of 5-FU is mis-incorporation of fluoronucleotides into RNA and DNA. 5-FU exerts its anticancer effects through incorporation of its metabolites into RNA and DNA. Again, the molecular basis is not fully understood. The importance of this mechanism may be cell dependent. The 5-FU metabolite FUTP is incorporated into RNA, disrupting normal RNA processing and function.\n16.8 Route of administration, clinical uses and toxicities of 5-FU\n5-FU is injected intravenously. Oral administration is not advised because the absorption from the GI-tract is unpredictable. The 5-Fu concentration peaks shortly after injection. The elimination half-life from plasma is extremely fast with 10 to 20 min, requiring continuous infusion to maintain 5-FU levels in the plasma. We will talk about this inconveniences in a moment, when we discuss the inhibitor Capecitabine.\n5-FU is used to treat\nHead and neck cancer,\n5-FU has the greatest impact in colon cancer.\n5-FU induces a large range of adverse effects, the main ones being nausea and vomiting, stomatitis and diarrhea, which may be dose-limiting. It should be noted that toxicities differ depending on how 5-FU is administered: if 5-FU is administered IV as a bolus (‘administration of a discrete amount of drug within a specific time, generally within 1 -30 min”), its main toxicity is bone marrow depression. If it is administered as a continuous infusion main toxicities include stomatitis and diarrhea.\nAs we have just heard, 5-FU is very swiftly metabolised with half-lives of 10 to 20 min, involving the enzyme Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase (DPD). About 8% of the population have a DPD deficiency, which leads to slower metabolism and therefore significantly longer half-lives of 5-FU. If undetected this may lead to life threatening toxicity, because 5-FU is continuously administered to the patient but not eliminated by the expected metabolisation.\n16.9 Capecitabine, a new 5-FU prodrug\nCapecitabine is an orally administered prodrug of 5-FU, in contrast to 5-FU, which his administered via IV. Capecitabine is converted by the liver enzyme carboxyl esterase to 5-DFCR (5-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine) and then to 5-DFUR (5-deoxy-5-fluorouridine) by cytidine deaminase, an enzyme expressed in both the liver and in the tumour. 5-DFUR is then converted intracellularly to the antimetabolite 5-FU by thymidine phosphorylase. Tumour specificity is being achieved due to the high level of expression of this enzyme in malignant relative to normal tissue.\nCapecetabine is used in the treatment of breast and colorectal cancers. Clinically, it is more important than 5-FU due to its oral administration and tumour specificity.\nMatthews, D.A., Alden, R.A., Bolin, J.T., Freer, S.T., Hamlin, R., Xuong, N., Kraut, J., Poe, M., Williams, M., Hoogsteen, K. (1977). Dihydrofolate reductase: x-ray structure of the binary complex with methotrexate. Science 197, 452-455.\nCarreras, C.W. and Santi, D.V. (1995). The catalytic mechanism and structure of thymidylate synthase. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 64, 721-762.\nLongley, D.B., Harkin, D.P. and Johnston, P.G. (2003). 5-Flyorouracil: mechanism of action and clinical strategies. Nature Reviews Cancer 3, 330-338.\nMidgley, R. and Kerr, D.J. (2009). Capecitabine: have we got the dose right? Nature Clinical Practice 6, 17-24.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.bieuse.eus/what-exactly-is-mutually-useful-relationship/", "date": "2023-03-24T16:40:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945287.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20230324144746-20230324174746-00105.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9578062295913696, "token_count": 356, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__279611670", "lang": "en", "text": "A mutually beneficial marriage is a win win situation in which both companions can benefit from the text. It can be a loving romance or possibly a business relationship.\nIn characteristics, https://yourmailorderbride.com/caribbean-cupid-review/ there are various types of mutually effective relationships that exist between varied organisms. The most common one is symbiotic, where two microorganisms interact with each other for the purpose of mutual benefits. Similarly, some kinds are also parasitic, where they live inside the host and directly get nutrients from it.\nAnother type of mutually beneficial romance is saprophytic, where https://www.smartraveller.gov.au/before-you-go/activities/marriage microbes derive their diet via dead or decaying subject. Examples of these are bacteria and yeast that take shelter in the large intestines to get nitrogen, fungi that grow in nitrogen deficient soil to provide diet to additional plants, and lichen that takes pound in origin nodules to aid plants in nitrogen fixation.\nAnother examples would be the egret and cattle that roam mutually in areas and get their food via lush lawn. It is a symbiotic relationship since both pets need the different to survive.\nThe most important factor that ascertains whether a romantic relationship is certainly mutually helpful or not really is if the two main social gatherings share similar goals in life. If they do, therefore there is a great chance of that working out.\nA mutually beneficial relationship can be described as win-win condition that can last for years which is usually a proper option for many looking for a long term relationship. This type of romantic relationship is often legal and non-sexual, and it can be described as a great way to find the right person for everyone.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://baylaser.ca/toronto-spider-veins-clinic/", "date": "2019-01-19T19:10:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583680452.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20190119180834-20190119202834-00594.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9569724202156067, "token_count": 626, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__153285910", "lang": "en", "text": "Spider veins are like varicose veins but smaller. They begin as tiny capillaries and appear as blue or red squiggles. They are small red, blue or purple veins that commonly appear on the surface of the thighs, calves and ankles. It’s estimated that at least one third of the adult female population is troubled with this common problem. People often seek treatment for spider veins because of cosmetic concerns. However, it is also common for spider veins to cause symptoms, such as aching, heaviness, itching and night cramps.\nOur physicians ensure you receive the highest quality treatment possible. Our board certified doctors and Registered Nurses have successfully treated thousands of happy patients, and want to do the same for you! Visit us and get an honest assessment of your vein problems, and learn about the proper treatments for you!\nCall us today at 416 515 0007 to book your consultation.\nSpider Veins Treatment\nSclerotherapy for Spider Veins\nA common form of treatment for spider veins is sclerotherapy. This is an in-office procedure where veins are painlessly injected with a solution, using small needles, which causes them to collapse and fade from view. The procedure typically improves not only the cosmetic appearance but associated symptoms as well. A few sessions may be required to obtain maximum benefit.\nDuring sclerotherapy, the affected leg is elevated to drain blood, and the sclerosant is injected into the spider vein. The procedure normally takes 20 to 30 minutes, depending on how many spider veins are treated. You may need repeated sessions and many injections per session, depending on the extent of the spider veins and type of sclerosant used.\nLasers may also be used to treat spider veins. During laser treatment, intense light is directed at the veins to aid in eliminating them. Lasers are especially suited to treat small spider veins when a needle cannot be used.\nBruising occasionally occurs in the area treated after laser treatments and lasts for a few days. The cost of laser treatment for spider veins is usually higher compared to sclerotherapy.\nFrequently Asked Questions\n- What are Spider Veins?\n- Will I get more spider veins after treatment?\nSclerotherapy and Laser do not prevent the development of new spider veins and varicosities later in life. Many people require further treatment from in the years after to keep their legs clear.\n- What are the Risks associated with Sclerotherapy?\nAs the veins close, they become mildly inflamed, and may feel lumpy and tender. This takes several weeks to clear. Veins often look worse immediately after the procedure. Temporary bruising and swelling is should be expected. Some patients complain of an itchy sensation after treatment for a day or two.\nIt is important for you to wear compression stocking for 1-3 weeks after treatment to reduce the risk of bruising and swelling or other complications. This will help seal the treated vessels, and reduce the development of dark spots. It can reduce the number of treatments necessary, and the possibility of recurrence.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://theappsearcher.com/pigeon-pests-air-rats/", "date": "2021-04-11T03:32:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038060927.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20210411030031-20210411060031-00286.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9760359525680542, "token_count": 998, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__104617402", "lang": "en", "text": "Pigeon Pests: Air Rats\nThe pigeons are probably the most common birds in city squares. Although there are numerous species, the most common belong to the type of brave pigeon.\nThey are medium-sized birds that are often admired by many, but generally, rather hated by the vast majority of the population. So much so that, in fact, some sociologists have studied why we hate pigeons so much. The reason is, among other causes, that their pests are a real public health problem.\nSurely you have heard many times about the ‘winged rats’. If you still don’t know, we will tell you: they are the pigeons. They are commonly called that precisely for two reasons.\nFirst, the abundant droppings they leave. The pigeons can leave us no less than 11 kilos a year of their smelly ‘little gifts’, in which, by the way, the PH is quite acid and poses a health problem as well as being corrosive to buildings and homes.\nThe other reason we have to look for it in its potential as transmitters of diseases that can reach the human being.\n- For example, pigeons can carry salmonella bacteria on their feet and can transmit it when they walk in areas where people leave their food (outdoor tables or snacks, benches, fountains, etc.). Now that you know, you probably think twice before sitting down to eat the sandwich in a square full of pigeons.\n- They also house some ectoparasites harmful to humans such as ticks, fleas, lice, mites or the one known as ‘chance de la Paloma’. In this case, direct contact with the animal is not necessary for you to take one of these insects that live in its plumage as a souvenir.\n- In addition, it has been shown that at least three human diseases are related to their feces: cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and psittacosis.\n- They favor the development of bacteria and fungi, as they cause moisture.\nOn the other hand, the pigeons feed on almost any other food, from waste, fruits or seeds, bread and in reality, anything that your gizzard (an organ attached to the stomach) is able to crush.\nPigeons ingest 15% of their weight in food every day, although they have no problem with enduring a few days without eating. Water, however, is something they need daily. Therefore, the first step in preventing them from staying in an area is not to feed them. It seems obvious, but if you make it too easy, it will be very difficult to throw them out of your comfort zone.\nPigeons: a public problem\nIn some places, they have become a real problem. It is the case of Venice, in Italy, where local authorities have had to take measures since the corrosion caused by their excrements is deteriorating the artistic and architectural heritage of the city.\nBut this is not all, because also in cities in Spain such as Madrid, Valencia, and Barcelona there is special legislation for the control of pigeons that goes beyond the well-known anti-pigeon skewers that are placed in churches and cathedrals to prevent them from landing on the ledges of these buildings.\nWhat to do before a plague\n- First of all, it is important to avoid its approach. In addition to not approaching them, there are ways to encourage them to move away, or in other words, you must know how to drive away pigeons.\n- To do this, there are several instruments in the market that will help you achieve your goal. For example, pigeon repellents. Some audibles emit sounds that are unbearable for them. One of the best-known brands is Bird Gard. Another sound repellent, widely used in department stores or farms away from urban centers are those that emit sounds similar to those of a cannon shot or shot to keep them away. There are also complex wave eradicators that alter your sleep cycle, so they will end up leaving, although in this case, it is a long-term method.\n- On the other hand, to prevent them from entering buildings or depositing their feces on them, their entrance can be blocked. This is the case of the aforementioned anti-pigeon skewers, as well as the nets, a more aesthetic and less heavy option for common buildings.\n- Finally, if the problem is very serious and the only solution is to decrease the population. For this, there are contraceptive methods that prevent eggs from becoming chicks. There is also poison and other methods that eliminate or exterminate the animal, but in any case, they are prohibited in most countries and fact, any type of pigeon and weapon traps used against them is also prohibited.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://artsyforward.com/louis-philippe-crepin", "date": "2024-04-18T19:20:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817239.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20240418191007-20240418221007-00872.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9490418434143066, "token_count": 512, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__150043350", "lang": "en", "text": "Description Louis Philippe Crepin\nLouis Philippe Crépin, a name synonymous with botanical artistry and scientific illustration, left an indelible mark on the world of natural history in the 19th century. Born in Brussels in 1772, Crépin's life journey was one of unwavering dedication to the study and depiction of the plant kingdom.\nFrom an early age, Crépin exhibited a deep fascination with the natural world. His formative years were marked by an insatiable curiosity that led him to explore the diverse flora of Belgium. This exploration laid the foundation for his lifelong passion for botany.\nCrépin's artistic talents emerged alongside his botanical interests. He honed his skills as a botanical illustrator, mastering the delicate art of capturing the intricate details of plant specimens with precision and accuracy. His illustrations were not mere works of art; they were valuable scientific records that contributed significantly to the field of botany.\nOne of Crépin's defining achievements was his collaboration with renowned botanist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. Together, they worked on illustrating Lamarck's seminal work, \"Flore Française,\" a comprehensive botanical treatise. Crépin's meticulous illustrations brought the richness of France's flora to life on the pages of this monumental work, earning him accolades from the scientific community.\nCrépin's dedication to botanical accuracy extended to the study of type specimens. He was instrumental in cataloging and preserving these crucial reference specimens, ensuring their availability for future generations of botanists.\nBeyond his artistic contributions, Crépin was a tireless educator. He served as a professor of botany at the University of Brussels, inspiring countless students to pursue a deeper understanding of the plant world. His teaching was characterized by a profound respect for the intricacies of nature and a commitment to instilling the same reverence in his pupils.\nIn the realm of taxonomy, Crépin's influence extended to the nomenclature of plant species. His work on the classification and naming of plants left an enduring legacy, with several species bearing the \"crepini\" epithet in his honor.\nLouis Philippe Crépin's life was one of profound devotion to botany and scientific illustration. His illustrations remain cherished treasures in botanical literature, serving as a testament to his exceptional talent and unwavering commitment to the natural world. Crépin's legacy endures, reminding us of the beauty and importance of preserving the botanical wonders of our planet.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://mythorold.com/legionella-germs-may-be-growing-in-thorold-home-plumbing/", "date": "2022-05-21T12:19:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662539101.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220521112022-20220521142022-00564.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9345247149467468, "token_count": 439, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__255288482", "lang": "en", "text": "Learn to protect yourself and others in your home from Legionella\n(NC) There is a group of nasty bacteria that could land in Thorold homes. The harmful germs could be finding a path into hot tubs, humidifiers, water heaters, showerheads and other places in plumbing systems in residences across Canada. Known as Legionella, these bacteria can make people sick if inhaled from water droplets and mists released into the air.\nLegionella tend to grow where there are warm water temperatures, standing or still water and settled particles and biofilms — a slimy, glue-like material containing other germs and nutrients. Fortunately, most healthy people don’t get sick from these bacteria.\nBut some people may have a higher risk of infection, including people over 40 years of age, current and former smokers, people with chronic lung disease or with other underlying illnesses, and those with already weakened immune systems.\nLegionella can cause two types of illness, Legionnaires’ disease and Pontiac fever. Legionnaires’ disease is a serious respiratory illness that results in pneumonia, lasting weeks to months, and can lead to death.\nPontiac fever is a milder illness, causing flu-like symptoms. People with Pontiac fever generally recover in two to five days without treatment.\nProtect persons in your home from Legionella by:\n• Keeping your water heater temperature at a minimum of 60°C. To reduce the risk of scalding, the temperature of the water at the tap should be no higher than 49°C. You can contact a qualified plumber to install mixing valves to control the tap water temperature.\n• Regularly cleaning and disinfecting mist-producing devices in your home, such as showerheads and sink taps, humidifiers and hot tubs, according to manufacturer directions.\n• Running the hot and cold water taps for a few minutes after not using them for more than two weeks.\n• Periodically draining and flushing your water heater, according to manufacturer directions, to reduce settled particles.\nFind more information by searching “Legionella” at canada.ca.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.healthydieteffects.com/2017/05/10/dont-bother-with-yeast-infections-with-these-tips/", "date": "2019-12-13T23:25:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540569332.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20191213230200-20191214014200-00550.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9433549046516418, "token_count": 963, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-51__0__17728688", "lang": "en", "text": "Yeast infections can strike when you least expect them. It is possible you are suffering from a yeast infection right now. Or, maybe you just got over a yeast infection, and you don’t want to repeat that pain and discomfort in the future. No matter your reason for reading, the ideas in this piece are extremely relevant and useful.\nStress is one of the things that you need to avoid as much as possible to prevent yeast infections in your body. Stress can affect you in a lot of ways and can make you more prone to a yeast infection.\nIf you are susceptible to recurring yeast infections, it may be time to rethink your use of bath products. You should not use cleansers and soap which contain dyes and scents. This happens because those type of products throw off the pH of the vaginal area. Rather, stick with milder, hypoallergenic options.\nAvoid perfumed soaps and bubble baths. These scented products can help yeast flourish and increase the chances of getting an infection. Also avoid scented tampons and pads as they have a similar effect.\nAdd more garlic and/or sugar-free yogurt to your diet. Garlic can help halt the growth of yeast. Check at health food stores or a pharmacy for garlic pills, and you will likely prefer the deodorized version. Purchase yogurt that contains live cultures to treat your yeast infection.\nIf a yeast infection happens upon you at every monthly period, take measures to prevent it. Include acidophilus supplements just before, during and after you menstruate. You will realize that the symptoms do not bother you as much. Taking preventative steps can help ward off the infection.\nUse soaps specifically intended for use in the vaginal area. Several different types exist. These soaps help you retain your vagina’s natural balance and they won’t dry out that area or harm your natural flora down there. Choosing them instead of traditional soaps can help you to keep yeast infections away.\nIf you swim and exercise a lot, you must change your clothes often. Never leave sweaty or wet clothing on after you swim or work out. A moist and warm environment is a prime breeding ground for yeast. Change your clothes right after working out. Change everything, from socks to underwear.\nIf you suffer from recurring yeast infections like many people, it is critical you adjust your lifestyle. You can cure one or two infections, but if you keep getting these infections you need to learn how to prevent it. Changes to diet and wardrobe are probably good first steps towards combating the problem.\nWearing cotton undergarments can help to prevent yeast infections. Cotton works well to remove the moisture from the skin and keep your skin from becoming irritated. If you get yeast infections a lot, you should change your underwear and keep it clean. Protective napkins can be used to absorb excess humidity.\nThere are a huge variety of natural treatments that will help you conquer your yeast infection. Herbs like rosemary, cedar or goldenseal can inhibit the growth of yeast. You can make a concoction of these, and either take them as a douche, or soak pads in them to soothe irritating symptoms, such as burning and itching.\nYou must determine the underlying cause to eliminate recurring yeast infections. Identifying the specific cause of a yeast infection can take some time, but you need to review your lifestyle objectively. Clothing choices, birth control methods, diet and sexual encounters can all play a part in the occurrence of yeast infections.\nAvoid wearing tight clothes so that your crotch area can get proper air circulation. This is due to the fact that yeast prospers in the moist and warm climates these types of clothes create.\nChoose clothes that contain natural materials to prevent yeast infections from appearing. Cotton is a great option, because it is natural and absorbs moisture. Synthetic fabrics can cause yeast infections.\nDrink plenty of water. High levels of water consumption will flush your system. It will also clear your body of sugar as well. Reducing the sugar in your bloodstream makes it more difficult for yeast to grow and take over. Drink more water if you are fighting an infection. This might help you recover.\nGarlic can be really beneficial when you have a yeast infection. If garlic’s flavor is unappetizing to you, there are taste-free garlic pills. Garlic tabs without a coating can also be inserted in the vaginal cavity to relieve symptoms of a yeast infection.\nYou may have many different reasons for reading this article. You may be wanting to handle a yeast infection, prevent one, or ensure you never have one. No matter your reason, you can use the tips shared here for future success.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.gazprom.com/press/news/reports/2010/great-resettlement/", "date": "2020-09-22T07:14:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400204410.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20200922063158-20200922093158-00190.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9357494711875916, "token_count": 1198, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__149192889", "lang": "en", "text": "October 19, 2010\nGazprom completed this year’s final resettlement of rare animals from the Olympic construction sites.\nIn four years Sochi will host the XXII Winter Olympic Games. A large construction site has already been deployed in the Krasnaya Polyana settlement – a biathlon and ski complex and the Olympic village are being constructed, as well as the second stage of Gazprom’s mountain tourist center. Gazprom sotsinvest is in charge of constructing these venues. The company is allotted with one more equally important and essential task – rare animals resettlement and Red List plants transplantation from the Olympic construction sites.\nStruggling for biodiversity\nThese activities are needed due to a unique character of the regional biosystem – indigenous species of flora and fauna (relics and endemics) live and grow on the hillsides of the Caucasus Mountains. A whole set of compensatory arrangements was elaborated by Gazprom sotsinvest to save the ecological balance at the Olympic construction sites. Meticulous work of a large group of experts stands behind that – it is necessary to select the most appropriate period of resettlement for each animal and plant species, as well as the most comfortable conditions for their further habitation. The experts have recently accomplished final resettlement of rare amphibian species – the Agile frog.\nThis species (Rana macrocnemis Boulenger) is in the Red List of the Krasnodar Krai. They inhabit only the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Northwest Iran. The Agile frog is a relic, which is a species of great antiquity. Moreover, this kind of amphibians is an endemic, i.e. an animal that can’t live on territories with even slightly different natural conditions.\nResettlement of rare amphibians was carried out by the company’s environmental experts together with the specialists of the Mountain Forestry and Forest Ecology Research Institute. All the procedures had to be finished before the cold season when amphibians go into hibernation.\nIn the areas adjacent to the current and future construction sites the frogs were gathered and carried to the wooded slopes of the Psekhako Ridge free of human activity. The experts also gathered the spawn of the Agile frog to carry it to water reservoirs.\nThe company checks the resettled “babies” on a regular basis. It is noted that the results of previous resettlements were very successful: immense amount of fine and healthy tadpoles came to life in all water bodies. Adaptation of adults in their new habitat is also under control of the experts. The population of each species will be specifically monitored – the experts will regularly count the number of species per square kilometer.\nAccording to Svetlana Zhiglova, chief expert of the environmental protection group of Gazprom sotsinvest, a total of 288 adult Red List animals and a large quantity of spawn and hatchlings have been resettled. Among the resettled amphibians are such rare species as the Caucasian Grey Toad (Bufo verrucosissimus/Bufo colchicus), the Caucasian Parsley Frog (Pelodytes caucasicus), the Banded Newt (Triturus vittatus), the Southern Crested Newt (Triturus karelinii), the Lantz’s Newt (Triturus vulgaris lantzi), the Aesculapian Snake (Elaphe longissima or Zamenis longissimus) and many others.\n2,387 units of plants have also been resettled including such Red List species as the Georgian Snowdrop (Galanthus woronowii), the Cyclamen Caucasium, the Erythronium Caucasium, the Autumn Crocus (Colchicum speciosum), the Caucasus Peony (Paeonia caucasica), the Common Spotted Orchid (Dactylorhiza urvilleana) and others. However, this figure is constantly increasing; the transplantation and resettlement activities are nearly continuous.\nThe experts need to identify the biological features of each species to find out the most favorable timing for their capture and resettlement and to distinguish the areas that would be most suitable for their further existence. Thus, for instance, to catch a Caucasian Parsley Frog, one has to search for it by sound during the night period using a flashlight as its activity time is rather limited within the 24-hour period: from 11 pm to 2 am.\nAll the resettled animals are in the Red List of the Russian Federation or the Red List of the Krasnodar Krai – particularly these species are the rehabilitation targets. They are enlisted in the Resettled Plants and Animals Rehabilitation Policy approved by the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources.\nAccording to this document, at lest 92 plant species protected by law grow within the Mzymta River watershed where the Olympic venues are constructed. The Olympic premises are also inhabited by 147 animal species put in the Red List of the Krasnodar Krai and 83 species – in the Red List of Russia which also includes birds and insects considered mobile species able to migrate to appropriate areas of habitation. Rehabilitation involves not only resettlement: separate specimens are moved over for captive propagation or, using the scientific language, ex-situ propagation, i.e. outside their natural habitats to further inhabit new territories.\nIn late October the experts of Gazprom sotsinvest are planning to reach a milestone, the hundredth transplantation of Red List plants – the Ruscus Colchicus will be transplanted in new areas.\nGazprom sotsinvest stresses that all the measures are taken in strict compliance with the existing environmental standards. These measures will minimize the adverse impact caused by the Olympic construction sites on the unique flora and fauna of the region, and maintain its high recreation features as well.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.westonmalegrooming.co.uk/suitability-waxing-treatments/", "date": "2019-03-20T10:11:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912202324.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20190320085116-20190320111116-00157.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9453380107879639, "token_count": 932, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__47814295", "lang": "en", "text": "The following conditions will prevent me carrying out your waxing treatment or a GP referral will be required before any treatment is carried out.\nDiabetes: The skin is slow to heal and may have poor circulation along with blood sugar levels may need monitoring.\nEpilepsy: As there is risk of fitting\nHaemophilaOperations/Recent scar tissue– You would need to wait 6 months until you have waxing over scar tissue. This is so the natural healing process takes place as waxing could interfere with the healing process which would be painful.\nClients with sunburn/heatrash: If you have sunburn or heat rash from the sunbed or sun you will have to wait 24 hours until waxing can be carried out. As the skin would be very hot and the waxing would be very painful and may pull skin.\nContagious skin conditions listed below requiring GP referral due to cross infection.\nImpetigo -A small patch of reddening of the skin that becomes a cluster of white blisters which turn yellow. A highly contagious infection which requires antibiotics.\nStye– Inflammation of the eyelid, often the upper lid. It is caused by an infection in the hair follicle, swelling, redness and can be painful. Scratching or rubbing the area may cause the infection to spread.\nBoils– An infection of the hair follicle caused by the staphylocci bacteria. Inflammtion occurs with pus formation.\nViral infections listed below: Requiring GP referral due to cross infection\nConjuctivitis Itchy sore eyes/eye which weep green fluid during sleep. Antibiotics normally required.\nShingles Caused by the chicken pox virus (Herpes Zoster). If you have shingles it is advised not to have waxing until the infection has passed.\nSexually transmitted infections (STI) ( Genital warts/genital herpes)- Gp referral required due to cross infection If having intimate waxing, Vaseline will be put on the warts providing they are closed, unfortunately I am unable to wax over warts.\nFungal infections listed below requiring GP referral due to cross infection\nRingworm-Can effect various parts of the body, large red scaly or inflamed itchy areas of skin. Highly contagious and unable to wax until infection has cleared.\nScabies– Caused by a parasite and is highly contagious. A doctor’s consent will be required when infection has cleared.\nLice Head,body and pubic areas. Infestation of the hair and clothes by tiny insects which suck the blood. Intense irritation which makes the suffer scratch constantly. Doctors consent needed once infection has cleared.\nThe following conditions may restrict your treatment\nColdsores (herpes simplex) A highly contagious blister normally found around lips of mouth. Usually clears up in around 2 weeks\nBruises cuts and abrasions These can be painful whilst having waxing and could cause further damage or hinder the natural healing process. A doctors note will be required if the cuts and abrasions are open/ weeping as it can lead to cross infection.\nAllergies-I will need to know if have any allergies due to the ingredients in the wax.\nPsoriasis Patches of skin with red raised areas and silvery scaly skin which can become infected. The body makes new skin far to quickly for the skin to cope causing this condition. Open or weeping psoriasis can cause cross infection, making it unable to wax. A doctors note is required.\nEczema -A red raised rash which is itchy and cracks can bleed and weep. Varies with each individual. Unable to wax with open sores and a doctors note is required.\nRaised and hairy moles Unless moles are inflamed, swollen or weeping, there are no problems waxing over them.\nVaricose Veins :Doctors consent will be needed due to the vein being so close to the surface of the skin. Slight possibility the vein could rupture and cause bleeding.\nMenstruation: During a woman’s period the pain threshold is at its lowest immediately before and during her period. Hormones which stimulate the regrowth of hair are most active during this time. Providing you are happy to be waxed during your period I am happy to wax you, as long as you are aware the pain may be slightly higher than other times.\nSelf Tan :Waxing may cause your self tan to appear patchy.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.bambuhome.com/blogs/press-room/bambu-supports-honey-bee-research", "date": "2024-04-17T22:03:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817181.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417204934-20240417234934-00104.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9390186667442322, "token_count": 537, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__53604114", "lang": "en", "text": "Portland, OR – Bambu today announced a corporate initiative to support honey bee research through its sponsorship of Oregon State University’s Honey Bee Lab, according to company president and co-founder Jeff Delkin.\n“The Honey Bee Research Lab is making important inroads to understanding the complexities of maintaining healthy honey bee colonies,” Delkin said. “Honey bees are critical to healthy food systems. We’re sponsoring the lab to support its ongoing work— a great example of dedicated people working to build healthy eco-systems that benefit us all.”\nOSU’s Honey Bee Research and Extension program focuses on honey bee health, nutrition, and pollination, servicing commercial beekeepers, backyard beekeepers, producers, and all citizens interested in bees. The lab is responsible for comprehensive analysis of honey bee health in the state of Oregon; evaluating effects of nutrition and pollen diversity on honey bee health; enhancing pollination efficiency of honey bee colonies in hard-to-pollinate crops; and development and support for the Oregon Master Beekeeper Program.\n“Honey bees and other pollinators are critical for our food security and ecosystem. Currently honey bees are facing enormous challenges that need to be addressed soon to promote sustainable apiculture and pollination,” OSU Department of Horticulture professor Ramesh Sagili said. “The Honey Bee Lab is delighted to establish a partnership with Bambu to improve honey bee health.”\nIn addition to the financial support the company is contributing to the lab, Bambu has launched a Honey Bee Collection of products, which includes: an Organic Bamboo Honey Dipper, Honeycomb Bamboo Cutting Board, Bee Motif Coasters (set of four), and Hemp Denim Baby Bib.\nWith roots in Portland, Oregon, since 2003 Bambu has designed, developed and manufactured handcrafted, modern home products made from renewable materials such as bamboo, hemp, cork, coconut and soy. The company is headquartered in Shanghai, China, where it produces more than 150 different products in its own production workshop and partnering facilities, all of which are located close to their raw-materials sources. In 2013 Bambu opened a North American sales and customer service office in Portland. Its products are sold in more than a dozen countries through diverse retail distribution partnerships in the gift, kitchen, gourmet, grocery and hospitality market segments. The company is a member of Green America and its Green Business Network, and manufactures using organic sources certified by IMO Switzerland. A selection of Bambu’s products is USDA Biobased-certified.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.leamagri.co.uk/products/concrete-rat-bait-box", "date": "2024-03-01T17:10:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475422.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301161412-20240301191412-00553.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.950101375579834, "token_count": 194, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__125338559", "lang": "en", "text": "Moore Concrete manufacture a lockable precast Concrete Rat Bait Box designed to assist farmers in the management of vermin.\nRats breed rapidly, are versatile in their movement and consume huge quantities of food in relation to body weight. Sexual maturity is attained in just two to three months. In the following year the female produces six to seven litters of six to ten offspring.\nSigns of rat infestation include “runways”, smears, droppings, gnawing and tracks. A population of 100 adult rats, typically consuming 28 g/day, can eat their way through 1 ton of feed grain or finished feed per year. Their role in terms of disease spread and structural damage is also significant.\nOur Concrete Rat Bait Box is an ideal solution for vermin and rat issues. They are weather proof and due to their strength won’t be blown away or damaged by larger animals/machinery.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.nevadaregistry.org/news-updates/covid-19-vaccine-booster-dose-recommendations-for-adults-and-emergency-use-instructions/", "date": "2024-03-03T16:47:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476396.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303142747-20240303172747-00052.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9255607724189758, "token_count": 337, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__81863200", "lang": "en", "text": "On Nov. 19, 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) expanded recommendations for booster doses to include all adults ages 18 years and older who received a Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna COVID-19 vaccine primary series. The booster dose may be administered at least six (6) months after the completion of a two-dose primary series of either mRNA COVID-19 vaccine product. Healthy people who were not previously recommended for a booster dose may now receive one if they completed a primary mRNA COVID-19 vaccine series six (6) or more months ago.\nIn addition, the ACIP updated recommendations for the groups that should receive a booster dose at least six (6) months after completing a primary mRNA COVID-19 vaccine series to include all individuals ages 50 years and older and all residents of long-term care settings who are 18 years and older. Although these recommendations are specific to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine recipients, individuals eligible for a booster dose are able to choose to receive any of the COVID-19 vaccines currently authorized in the United States for their booster dose.\nThere were no changes to CDC’s existing booster dose recommendations for recipients of Johnson & Johnson’s (J&J) Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. All individuals who received an initial dose of the J&J COVID-19 vaccine should receive a booster dose at least two (2) months after receiving the initial vaccination.\nFor more information, guidance and resources about the COVID-19 response in Nevada, visit https://nvhealthresponse.nv.gov/.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.60secondem.com/visual-diagnosis-9-answers/", "date": "2021-06-21T00:12:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488259200.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20210620235118-20210621025118-00152.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7994481921195984, "token_count": 162, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__83813637", "lang": "en", "text": "Kerley B lines are 1 – 2 cm thin lines in the peripheries of the lung. They are perpendicular to, and extend out to the pleural surface. They represent thickened subpleural interlobular septa and are usually seen at the lung bases.\nCauses of Kerley B lines include; pulmonary edema, lymphangitis carcinomatosa and malignant lymphoma, viral and mycoplasmal pneumonia, interstital pulmonary fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, sarcoidosis. They can be an evanescent sign on the CXR of a patient in and out of heart failure.\nA repeat CXR the next day reveals a decrease in heart size and resolution of the Kerley B lines.\nWant to read more….?", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.myopiacontrol.co.nz/", "date": "2013-05-26T01:53:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706484194/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121444-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9503942131996155, "token_count": 353, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__155124298", "lang": "en", "text": "The Myopia Control Clinic is an optometry clinic specialising in the care and management of progressing and high myopes. We see a range of people who are interested in preventing their eyesight from deteriorating, or their myopia getting worse. This translational clinic works in conjunction with the Auckland Myopia Lab at the University of Auckland, and we aim to ensure the public has access to the latest in myopia research.\nMyopia (short sightedness) is a common ocular condition. A person is diagnosed with myopia when light from distant objects fails to focus on the retina in the eye, and instead focuses in front of it. This causes blurred distance vision. A myopes near vision, however, could even be said to be better than average. This is the opposite of hyperopia, or far-sightedness.\nThe vast majority of myopia occurs when the eyeball grows too long, compared to the optical components at the front of the eye. This type of myopia, called axial myopia, appears to be largely irreversible. The excessive growth of the eye can stretch the delicate ocular tissues, and make it more prone to tears and rips, and it also increases the risk of other potentially blinding conditions, such as glaucoma and cataracts.\nMyopia is getting worse with each generation. It is affecting children from a younger age, and progressing more rapidly that ever before.\nThe problem with continuing 'as is', is that the eye becomes more fragile the higher the level of myopia. This increases the risk of sight-threatening eye disease, particularly in later life.\nThankfully, there are now ways you can help prevent the rapid progression, and keep the eyes at a manageable level.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://www.yorbalindaperio.com/procedures-/peridontal-gum-disease-information/gum-disease-and-systemic-health/", "date": "2023-12-02T22:17:22Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100452.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202203800-20231202233800-00338.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9454667568206787, "token_count": 105, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__190678029", "lang": "en", "text": "Research has shown that periodontal disease is associated with several other diseases. For a long time it was thought that bacteria was the factor that linked periodontal disease to other disease in the body; however, more recent research demonstrates that inflammation may be responsible for the association. Therefore, treating inflammation may not only help manage periodontal diseases but may also help with the management of other chronic inflammatory conditions.\n- HEART DISEASE\n- OTHER DISEASES\nCourtesy of the American Academy of Periodontology", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://synovationmedicalgroup.com/smg/musculoskeletal-medicine/", "date": "2019-01-19T14:10:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583668324.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20190119135934-20190119161934-00135.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8796815276145935, "token_count": 171, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__215837073", "lang": "en", "text": "Musculoskeletal medicine deals with the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the muscles and bones (musculoskeletal system) and the impact of these conditions upon your everyday life.\nMusculoskeletal medicine incorporates aspects of physical therapy, spinal manipulation, joint, ligament and muscle injections, acupuncture, exercise therapy, and assistance in helping with your pain.\nThe Musculoskeletal Medicine team includes musculoskeletal physicians, acupuncturists, specialist nursing staff, a podiatrist, a physiotherapist and an osteopath.\nWhat are musculoskeletal conditions?\nMusculoskeletal conditions include common ailments such as neck and back pain in addition to discomfort in muscles and joints. Symptoms can result from injury, lack of exercise, inflammation, infection, or the normal aging process.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://eyesonobama.com/thyroid-tumors-the-new-criteria-for-intervention/", "date": "2024-04-22T03:43:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818072.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422020223-20240422050223-00072.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9162619113922119, "token_count": 962, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__188284865", "lang": "en", "text": "Thyroid tumors: the new intervention criteria on diagnosis, surgery and therapy\n“Thyroid tumors are diagnosed with growing frequency all over the world: Italy records about 15.000 per year especially in the female population for which it is the fourth most frequent malignant tumor and comes to be the second in women under the age of 50, he explains Enrico Papini, Scientific manager Ame, Endocrinologists Medici Association and Director of complex Endocrinology and Metabolism diseases, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale. Thanks to the improvement of the diagnostic capabilities offered by the thyroid ultrasound and by the ultrasound eagastic guidance of thyroid nodules, today thyroid neoplasms are identified when they are not yet palpable or symptomatic. This, if on the one hand it represents an important step forward in prevention, puts on the other the doubt whether it is appropriate to submit “low risk” patients with limited tumors, to the same treatment traditionally reserved for more advanced neoplasms, exposing patients to possible complications and side effects probably not indispensable “.\nThe news on diagnosis, surgery and therapy of thyroid cancer are discussed at the workshop “4^ Thyroid Uptodate 2016 – Guidelines vs Clinical Practice: Consens and disputes“Promoted by Ame, Endocrinologi Medici Association, and by the Regina Apostolorum hospital in Albano Laziale, with the unconditional contribution of Ibsa Pharmaceuticals, which takes place in Ariccia on 7 and 8 October p.v. (link to the program).\n“90-95% of thyroid nodules are benign, continue Paolo Vitti, President elected Sie, Italian Society of Endocrinology and Endocrinology Director I, Pisan University Hospital-University, And it is possible to identify the evil ones with a simple examination on cells taken from the lump with a common thin needle, the now well -known thyroid needleaspirate. This technique is highly reliable but unfortunately it is not perfect: in about 20% of cases for different reasons, insufficient aspirated biological material or for difficulties in classifying the nodules, you cannot make a certain diagnosis. The dream, already realized for other tumors, is to be able to have an objective method not based on the opinion of an examiner and the molecular examination, through the identification of genes changed in malignant cells, represents a very promising research line of research even if they have not yet found truly specific genes for thyroid tumors.\nOn the basis of these considerations, in the last international guidelines, the molecular examination, despite being certainly the future, is now considered only to support the diagnosis in specialized centers and, also considering the costs, not the only test to establish whether the patient should be operated or not “.\n“The latest and most authoritative guidelines on the thyroid tumor of the American Thyroid Association in 2016 and the British Thyroid Association in 2014, he says Rocco Bellantone, Endocrine and metabolic surgery director of the Polyclinic “a. Gemini ”of Rome, They propose for the “microcarcinomas”, small and circumscribed tumors, a less aggressive approach than the traditional one. On the surgical level, the intervention of choice should be the removal of only half of the thyroid that contains the microcarcinoma and the intervention with a mininvasive video-assistant thyroidectomy technique (Mivat) which allows you to operate with an incision of only 2 cm.”.\n“In the surgical follow-up, Papini continues the traditional therapy with radioactive iodine at high doses should be avoided in” low risk “patients or low-dose employee since the advantage in terms of survival appears very modest, in the face of an irradiation and of side effects not entirely negligible.\nA more conservative surgery allows a very different approach to levotiroxine therapy, because the advantage that the residual part of the thyroid can not carry out in the maintenance of normal thyroid hormones should not be underestimated. Recent contributions in the field of pharmacology offer a portfolio of therapeutic solutions, such as the thyroid hormone in liquid solution, which can be taken together with breakfast, or in soft capsules, which can guarantee optimal absorption of the active ingredient and better adherence of the patient thanks to the ease of hiring.\nToday, in summary, the treatment of thyroid cancer must be “made to measure” in relation to the different types of cancer and patient, treating aggressive neoplasms vigorously and managing more cautiously the initial ones and with favorable prognosis according to the idea that in some cases “Doing less is to do better” concludes the expert.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://libcatalogue.uds.edu.gh/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=9701&shelfbrowse_itemnumber=15458", "date": "2022-08-09T22:30:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00008.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6745201945304871, "token_count": 398, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__214914472", "lang": "en", "text": "Biotechnology and plant protection : viral pathogenesis & disease resistance / edited by Donald D. Bills ; Shain-dow Kung.\nContributor(s): Bills, Donald D | Kung, Shain-dow | United States | University of Maryland (System) | Monsanto Company.Material type: TextPublisher: Singapore ; World Scientific, 1995Description: xiii, 415p. : ill. ; 23cm.ISBN: 9810222742.Subject(s): -- Agriculture (General) | Plants | Plants, Protection of | Virus diseases of plants | Plant biotechnology\n|Item type||Current location||Call number||Status||Date due||Barcode|\nNyankpala Central Library\nWelcome to UDS Library, Nyankpala Campus\n|S494.5.B563 .B31 (Browse shelf)||Available||NYK-011702004853|\nBrowsing Nyankpala Central Library Shelves , Shelving location: General Stacks Close shelf browser\n|S494.5.B563 A63 Appropriate biotechnology in small-scale agriculture :||S494.5.B563 A71 Biotechnology in agriculture :||S494.5.B563 B31 Biotechnology : building on farmers' knowledge /||S494.5.B563 .B31 Biotechnology and plant protection :||S494.5.B563 B31 International workshop on biotechnology in agriculture :||S494.5B563 B31 Biotechnology in sustainable and organic farming :||S 494.5 B563 B31 Biotechnology for small-scale farmers in developing countries :|\n\"Proceedings of the fifth international symposium jointly sponsored by the United States Dpartment of Agriculture, the University of Maryland System, and the Monsanto Company\"--Added t.p.\nIncludes bibliographical references.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://www.aiondig.com/medicines/axia3-prodigestive-antacid-the-best-way-to-discontinue-heartburn/", "date": "2017-07-21T14:50:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549423785.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20170721142410-20170721162410-00032.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9386780858039856, "token_count": 514, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-30__0__171976261", "lang": "en", "text": "Axia3® ProDigestive® Antacid which is developing a next-generation treatment for fast-acting relief from occasional heartburn announced today that it would launch its website http://axia3.com/.\nA disease known as Gastro esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition of the digestive system which has spread widely in the past few decades. GERD is a fast growing risk for esophageal cancer; in fact, the widespread of esophagus cancer has risen over 600% with a total survival rate of 17.5% in a period of five years.\nAxia3® ProDigestive®, a US-based internet healthcare company focused on helping people suffering from occasional heartburn or its chronic condition GERD. We recently acquire the company behind the production of Axia3 Pro digestive antacid.\nOver time the backflow of stomach acid destroy the lining of the esophagus and cause serious medical issues such as heartburn, chronic cough, bleeding of the esophagus, ulcer. All these are the abnormal change in the esophagus and can increase the risk of esophageal cancer.\nMany heartburn sufferers turn to antacid and over the counter medication for the cure but still encounter the issue with digestion. A recent poll conducted by Axia3 concerning Axia3® ProDigestive® Antacid show that the drug eliminates and suppress the symptoms of heartburn\nThe former president of Mc Donald’s restaurant, Jan Fields knew too well about the product and said this “when I run my heartburn flares up, and I use Axial3 pro-digestive antacid to get me through my workout. I had a huge success with Axia3 when competing in the marathon event. I highly recommend it” so also Jeremiah McElwee, a former executive of Global Buyer Whole Food Market said, “My stepfather is battling with cancer, and these products have helped with his heartburn side effects from the drug he is taking.”\nUnderstanding the heartburn, we developed a product solution that will neutralize the stomach acid thereby neutralizing the heartburn, but the product most importantly promotes digestive health benefit. Axia3® ProDigestive® Antacid contains natural digestive enzymes that are beneficial to human health for proper digestion. Its name Axial 3 represents customer value through three different benefits i.e. minty fresh breath, pro-digestive enzymes, and fast relief.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://zarialat.com/mushroom-cultivation-their-types-and-benefits/", "date": "2023-12-01T22:39:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100308.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201215122-20231202005122-00462.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9544392824172974, "token_count": 1354, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__223903984", "lang": "en", "text": "There is an emerging trend of mushroom cultivation in the farming sector these days. The future of farming is looking a little more green. The use of fungi culture, or growing mushrooms in large-scale farming operations, is an all-natural way to grow crops while reducing the impact on the environment.\nMushrooms and their cultivation\nMushrooms are a hearty crop with a variety of benefits for farmers and consumers alike. These can be grown under a wide range of conditions including indoors or outdoors, in low-nutrient mediums such as sawdust, recycled paper, and even cottonseed hulls. In addition to being organic and environmentally friendly, they also have a fast turnover time. Its duration varies from three days to two weeks depending on the type of mushroom. According to some researchers, the levels of protein it contains are higher than beef, or chicken, etc.\nIn fact, Mushrooms are a type of fungus. They consist of a mass of thread-like cells called mycelium, which is often found in soil or on decomposing plant matter. Some mushrooms can be eaten, while others have been shown to have medicinal properties.\nMushroom cultivation is a growing trend in food and medicinal markets. There are many types of mushrooms that grow in different ways and provide different benefits to the human body. This blog will explore more about fungi culture, its benefits, and different types of mushrooms.\nThe benefit of mushrooms\nThere are many reasons why mushrooms are good for you. They are full of antioxidants, which help reduce inflammation and harmful chemicals in the body.\nMushrooms are also a great source of vitamin D, which is good for strengthening your immune system. Vitamin D also promotes cell growth, which strengthens your bones.\nSome mushrooms can also improve your mood or alleviate anxiety. This is because they contain compounds called beta-glucans, which have the ability to activate the body’s natural defenses by improving the function of white blood cells. These cells help fight infection and illness, so consuming mushrooms could reduce your risk of disease.\nLet’s take a look at some popular types of mushrooms that might be beneficial for you.\nTypes of Mushrooms and How to Grow Your Own Mushrooms\nThere are many different types of mushrooms and most can be grown at home with a little know-how. Mushrooms come in all shapes and sizes, with some edible and some poisonous. Mushroom cultivation is made all the more accessible because you don’t need a traditional garden to grow them. You can cultivate your mushrooms on logs, straw, or other plant matter found in nature.\nEasy to Care\nThere are a variety of reasons why mushroom cultivation has great potential for modern agriculture. First, It is very easy to grow them both indoors and outdoors, so production is flexible. In addition to being easy to grow, mushrooms also have a fast turnover rate – from three days to two weeks. Mushrooms are high in protein and offer a solution to many environmental pollution problems. Mushrooms offer a fast turnover time and high levels of protein. Their growth is always much rapid in a wide range of conditions.\nMushrooms have been shown to provide many benefits to the human body including improved immune system function, reducing inflammation, lowering blood pressure, improving bone health, reducing risk for stroke, reducing risk for heart attack, and warding off cancer among other things.\nHere are some popular mushroom varieties that are easy to grow at home:\nWhite button mushrooms\nWhite button mushrooms are one of the most popular types of mushrooms. They provide a great source of protein and are very popular in different cuisines. They also help with memory and boost your immune system. White button mushrooms are very popular in many cuisines across the world.\nShiitake mushrooms are brown or light brown in color and have fairly wrinkly caps with long stems attached. They grow well on hardwood stumps or sawdust blocks which provide the best environment to grow them fast.\nShiitake mushrooms are a type of edible mushroom. They are one of the most popular types of mushrooms in the culinary world, mainly due to their rich flavor, texture, and versatility. Shiitakes mushrooms are very delicious and easy to use both raw and cooked.\nShiitake mushrooms have antiviral properties and are very useful for many treatments. They also contain antioxidants that can help support your immune system. These mushrooms can also boost your metabolism and improve digestion.\nOyster mushrooms are one of the easiest mushrooms to grow at home because they’re usually grown on logs. They’re also delicious. They’re dark brown to black in color with fairly flat caps. The gills underneath the cap often run down the stem. Oyster mushrooms are a type of edible mushroom, which grows on the sides of trees. They are very common in wooded areas and can grow up to 3-5 feet long. These mushrooms are typically light brown having slight white gills, but may also be dark brown or grey.\nOyster mushrooms have an earthy flavor and are often used as the main ingredient in soups, stews, sauces, and salads. They can be eaten raw or cooked and are especially popular in Asian cuisine. Oyster mushrooms contain B vitamins, potassium, copper, selenium, manganese, iron, silicon, tryptophan (a natural mood-enhancer), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), vitamin D2, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), biotin (vitamin H) and choline.\nBelieve it or not, fungi might be the answer to some of the world’s most pressing problems. This new form of farming, also known as fungi culture, is poised to make a large impact on the environment, providing food for millions of people, and providing sustainable alternatives to current farming practices. Mushrooms are one of the most under-appreciated food sources in our diets. They are a great source of protein, fiber, and B vitamins.\nBut, there are many varieties of mushrooms, and not all are suitable for consumption. That’s why it’s important to research the types of mushrooms you would like to grow in order to ensure they are edible. Growing your own mushrooms is a great way to save money and ensure you’re getting the freshest product possible. Governments of many countries are also facilitating the people to cultivate mushrooms. For this purpose, they have launched mass media campaigns to create awareness among the people.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "http://creativebritishcolumbia.com/community/canadian-parks-and-wilderness-society-british-columbia/", "date": "2022-01-21T05:25:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320302723.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220121040956-20220121070956-00038.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9103501439094543, "token_count": 386, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__201951335", "lang": "en", "text": "The world is facing a biodiversity crisis. Decades of climate change and unchecked industrial development are putting nature under more pressure than ever. British Columbia is on the frontlines of the fight to protect our last remaining large, intact natural land and seascapes, and the plants and animals that depend on them.\nGovernments have a choice: To take bold action to defend against the decline of species, or to continue to watch iconic animals like caribou and orca vanish from our ecosystems forever. The Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society in British Columbia is committed to helping them make the best decision.\nThe Society is part of one of Canada’s oldest non-profit conservation groups. We protect wilderness in every corner of BC and deep into the ocean. We have been defending British Columbia since 1978, and are dedicated to keeping British Columbia’s natural environment thriving forever. Nature is BC’s best hope.\nThe Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society in British Columbia has a plan to stem the nature emergency and ensure resilient ecosystems that can weather the storms of a changing climate. When nature thrives, so do we.\nThe Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society defends public lands and the ocean. We work with Indigenous, provincial and federal governments with the goal of creating large protected and interconnected areas: places that can nurse nature through climate change and shelter plants and animals forever.\nMost of the land, freshwater and ocean in BC and on the coast is held in public trust. It is our shared responsibility to protect it for future generations.\nOur work to safeguard large parks, protected areas and wildlife corridors has been instrumental in protecting precious places across the province. Join us in the fight to safeguard special places across the province including Tatshenshini, Muskwa Kechika, South Okanagan-Similkameen, Gwaii Haanas, the southern tip of Haida Gwaii, and the Scott Islands.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://michaelgeheren.com/vermillion-middle-school-students-study-asian-carp-win-sd-samsung-stem-contest/", "date": "2022-08-08T07:20:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00226.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9570919871330261, "token_count": 461, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__185073771", "lang": "en", "text": "Students from Natasha Gault’s Vermillion Middle School eighth grade science class spoke to the Vermillion City Council about how the possible intrusion of Asian Carp in the Missouri River could be detrimental to the ecosystem that flows through the area.\nBecause of their efforts, the class won $20,000 worth of technology from Samsung for their research and presentation on Asian Carp.\n“These invasive fish eat, grow and reproduce in ways that are superior to native species,” said Madyson Gilbertson, student at VMS.\nAsian Carp can change the water quality in the river, disrupt the food webs of native fishes by eating Plankton on the bottom of the river and eventually reduce the population of fish in the river, according to research by South Dakota State University.\nThe fish is most notably known for jumping up to 10 feet out of the water. Often times they hit boaters and can even cause injury.\nAsian Carp can swallow eight swimming pools worth of water and eat Plankton up to 10 percent of their body weight. They grow up to 10 inches in their first year of life and can spawn up to 48 million eggs in their lifetime.\n“It’s concerning to me that this is such a big problem and none of (the council) has ever heard about it before,” said Steve Ward, city council member and University of South Dakota faculty.\nAsian Carp is listed on the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Park’s list of least wanted species. The fish is considered an Aquatic Invasive Species and is illegal to transport or sell in the state.\nThe Asian Carp was introduced to the United States in the 1970’s in Arkansas. The fish has made its way up the Mississippi River and parts of the Missouri River.\n“Asian Carp are here in our own backyards,” said Brooklyn Kirsh, VMS student.\nThe class will represent the state at Samsung’s Solve for Tomorrow Contest in March. The five final states will receive technology valued at $140,000 for the school and a trip to Washington D.C., if selected.\nThe contest is to encourage Science, Technology, Engineering and Math education.", "domain": "biology"}
{"url": "https://onthetrailoutdoors.wordpress.com/2015/01/22/migratory-sharks-and-conservation-responsibility/", "date": "2018-06-23T00:55:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864848.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20180623000334-20180623020334-00125.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9637654423713684, "token_count": 355, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__235166401", "lang": "en", "text": "Here’s a good example of a ‘tough one’ when it comes to taking the best approach to conservation. At first glance, it seems that the Australian government is backing out of an obligation, but looking a bit further is that the case?\nIt appears that this isn’t the first time that difficulties like this have popped up, as can be seen by the 2010 amendment made to the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 in order to account for recreational and commercial fisheries and occasional catches of sharks.\nAnother quick look shows that, in NSW, recreational fishing regulations already aim at protecting several of these shark species; limiting bag limits to a single shark of any combination of the species in question while also stating that only one of the three hammerhead species (the smooth hammerhead) can be legally retained. Queensland regulations state that one shark of any species (excluding white sharks, grey nurse sharks, sawfish and speartooth sharks which are no take) can be retained as a bag limit. Other states and territories have similar restrictions to recreational fishing of sharks.\nWhile I haven’t looked into commercial fishing regulations, the few things I did see suggest that there is allowance for inevitable bycatch of sharks while fishing for other species, and requirements to immediately release living sharks that are accidentally caught.\nSo would making it illegal for recreational and commercial fishers to capture these species in Australian waters adequately address the threats posed to these species? Or would further changes to existing state fishing regulations achieve the same outcome without unduly persecuting those that are trying to do the right thing?\nI’m not taking a side on this one until I get a better idea of the whole story. Feel free to have your say!", "domain": "biology"}