Vineyard, Farm, and Orchard in California by Ella M.
Long ago the Mission Fathers taught the Indians to plant and to take
care of vines and fruit-trees. They built water-works to bring life to
the thirsty trees in the dry summers, and to grow oranges, limes,
and figs, as well as peaches, apricots, and apples. They trained
grape-vines over arbors and trellises round the Mission buildings, and
from the small, black grapes made wine. Olive trees and date-palms did
well at the southern settlements. But most of these orchards died when
the Mission Fathers were no longer allowed to make the Indians work
for the church property, though a few old palms and olive trees are
During Mexican days each ranch owner raised enough grain or corn and
beans for his own family but planted no fruit, or but little, while
the Americans who came to seek gold thought farming a slow way of
making a living. People soon found out, however, that our fine climate
and rich soil made good crops almost certain, and there was such
demand for fruit and farm products that more and more acres were
cultivated each year.
Our leading industry now is farming and fruit-growing, and
California's delicious fresh or cured fruit is sent all over the
world. Large amounts of barley and hops are shipped from here to
Europe, and our state produces almost all the Lima beans used in the
The citrus fruits, as oranges, lemons, and pomelos, or "grape-fruit,"
are called, grow in the seven southern counties, or in the foothills
on the western slope of the Sierras. The trees cannot endure frost and
must be irrigated in the summer. Orange trees are a pretty sight, with
their shining green leaves, white, sweet-smelling flowers, and the
green or golden fruit. About Christmas-time, when oranges ripen, both
blossoms and fruit may be picked from the same tree. Los Angeles and
Orange County grow most oranges, but San Diego is first in lemon
culture. Half a million trees in that county show the bright yellow
fruit and fragrant blossoms every month in the year. The other
southern counties also raise lemons by the car-load to send east, or
for your lemonade and lemon pies at home.
There, too, the olive grows well, that little plum-shaped fruit you
usually see as a green, salt pickle on the table. The Mission Fathers
brought this tree first from Spain, where the poor people live upon
black bread and olives. Olives are picked while green and put in
a strong brine of salt and water to preserve them for eating. Dark
purple ripe olives are also very good prepared the same way. Did you
know that olive-oil is pressed out of ripe olives? The best oil comes
from the first crushing, and the pulp is afterwards heated, when a
second quality of oil is obtained. Olive trees grow very slowly, and
do not fruit for seven years after they are planted. But they live a
hundred years, and bear more olives every season.
The black or purple fig which grew in the old Mission gardens bears
fruit everywhere in the state. Either fresh and ripe, or pressed flat
and dried, it is delicious and healthful. White figs like those from
abroad have been raised the last few years, and it is hoped in time to
produce Smyrna figs equal to the imported.
While peach orchards blossom and bear fruit six months of the year in
the south, most of this pretty pink-cheeked fruit grows in the great
valleys, or along the Sacramento River. Pears also show their snowy
blossoms and yellow fruit in the valleys and farther north. The
Bartlett pear is sent to all the Eastern states in cold storage cars
kept cool by ice, and also to Europe.
The finest apricots are those of that wonderful southern country,
miles and miles of orchards lying round Fresno especially. Yet the
valleys and foot-hills produce plenty, and in the old mining counties
very choice fruit ripens. Apples like the high mountain valleys, where
they get a touch of frost in winter, though there is a cool section of
San Diego County where fine ones are raised. Cherries do well in the
middle and valley regions, the earliest coming from Vacaville, in
Grapes grow throughout the state, though the famous raisin vineyards,
where thousands of tons are dried every year, are around Fresno. Most
of the raisins are dried in the sun, but in one factory a hundred tons
of grapes may be dried at one time by steam. The raisins are seeded by
machinery, and packed in pretty boxes to send all over the coast, and
through the states, where once only foreign raisins were used. Many
vineyards in the southern part and middle of the state grow only wine
grapes, California wines, champagne, and brandy having a wide use.
Great quantities of fresh fruits are used in the state or sent away,
while the canneries put up immense amounts, also. Canned fruit reaches
many consumers, but it is expensive. Our cured or dried fruit, however
is so cheap and so good that millions of pounds are prepared every
year. Such fruit ripens on the tree and so keeps all its fine flavor.
It is then dried in the sunshine, which not only fits it for long
keeping but turns part of it to sugar. Apricots, peaches, pears, and
cherries are usually cut in halves or stoned before drying. Prunes are
first on the list of cured fruits, and they seem the best to use as
food. The ripe prunes are dipped into a boiling lye to make the skin
tender, then rinsed and spread in the sun a day or two. They are then
allowed to "sweat" to get a good color, are next dipped in boiling
water a minute or two, dried, and finally graded, a certain number to
the pound, and packed in boxes or sacks.
Several kinds of nuts grow well in the state. All the so-called
"English" walnuts, with their thin shells, are raised in the south,
Orange County furnishing half the amount we market. Peanuts and
almonds are a good crop there, also, though almond groves are in all
parts of the state. Both paper and thick-shelled almonds are usually
bleached, or whitened, with sulphur smoke to improve their color.
Santa Barbara and Ventura are the bean counties of the state, and send
Lima beans away by train-loads, while Orange County grows celery for
the Eastern market. Very high prices are received for this celery and
other vegetables sent from California during the winter season when
fields are covered with snow in the East.
And did you know that the state produces a great deal of sugar? Tons
and tons of sugar-beets are grown throughout the farming lands, and
harvested in September. When the juice of these crushed beets is
boiled and refined, it makes a sugar exactly like cane sugar and much
cheaper. One-fifth of the beet is sugar, it is said.
Even the dry, worthless mountain sides are valuable to the bee-keeper.
The bees make a delicious honey from the wild, white sage, which grows
where nothing else will live. This sage honey brings the very highest
Oats are raised in the coast counties, and corn in the valleys, but
owing to cool nights and dry air the corn seldom makes a good crop.
Orange County, however, claims corn with stalks twenty feet high and
a hundred bushels to the acre. In the south, also, that wonderful
forage-plant, alfalfa, will produce six crops a year by irrigation and
give a ton or more to the acre at each cutting.
Along the upper Sacramento River stretch the great hop-fields full
of tall vines covered with light-green tassels. At hop-picking season
many families have a month's picnic, children and all working day
after day in the fields and pulling off the fragrant hops. Indians,
too, are among the best hop-pickers. The dried hops are bleached with
sulphur, baled, and in great quantities sent to Liverpool, where with
California barley they are used in brewing malt liquors.
An odd crop is mustard, and at Lompoc, in Santa Barbara County, enough
for the whole country is grown. Both brown and yellow mustard is
cultivated, and the little seeds, almost as fine as gunpowder, are
sold to spice-mills and pickle-factories.
Whole farms are taken up with the production of flower-seeds or bulbs,
with acres and acres of calla-lilies, roses, carnations, and violets.
The tall pampas-grass, with its long feathery plumes, gives a
profitable crop. Indeed, one can scarcely name a fruit, flower, or
tree that will not thrive and grow to perfection in our mild climate
and rich soil.


The latest technology in the lawn care industry, a robotic lawn mower is an autonomous robot that is responsible for cutting grass. This technology requires the user to set up a border wire of their property that defines the area that needs to be cut. The wire helps the robot to locate the areas of grass within the lawn that need to be mowed as well as locate the recharging dock. Robotic lawn mowers first entered production in 1995 and can now handle several acres if needed. They are meant to be completely autonomous, and some now work with voice control when connected to your Amazon Echo or Google Home device.
Autonomous is defined as having the freedom to operate itself and has its own controls. Autonomous lawn mowers have the ability to operate and mow lawns on their own with the settings and controls from the operator. There is no physical demand needed for the robotic mower to run.
Yes! This is one of the many perks that come with owning a robotic lawn mower. Each mower can be set to a specific profile and the operator can customize the date and time of when you want it to mow.
Robotic lawn mowers are designed to operate in all weather conditions with the exceptions of extreme wet and freezing conditions. Once fall and winter hit, your grass will stop growing depending on where you live, in this case it is best to store your mower in your garage. Simply give it a full charge before you put it away for the winter.
The wire that is placed in the lawn allows the robotic lawn mower to maneuver around objects in the lawn without a problem. Robotic lawn mowers also have built-in sensors which keep them from getting stuck on any other unexpected items. A robotic lawn mower is designed to stop its cutting system and redirect if needed.
A robotic lawn mower uses a buried wire to navigate the edges of your lawn to ensure a clean cut in any area you need mowed. These mowers are designed to overlap the wire to ensure that all of the grass is cut, however you will still need to trim in areas where the grass grows along a wall. This trimming is needed because the robotic mowing blades are recessed from the edge of the automated mower by about three inches.
Every model is made for different size lawns, so it depends on which one you purchase. All robotic mowers are meant to cut your lawn several times per week in order to keep your grass healthier. Some automatic lawn mowers are also faster than others. Other factors include the season, the type of grass in your lawn, and if the grass is irrigated or treated. Check with your Autmow professional to help you determine which model would best suit your size lawn.
Unlike most power equipment, a robotic lawn mower rarely requires any maintenance. While inspection and light cleaning is always a good thing to do so that your equipment runs efficiently for a long time, robotic lawn mowers do not require special equipment to keep their blades sharp. These lightweight mowers make it cheap and easy to simply replace the blades. A good routine also includes things like cleaning off the hood and the wheels of the robotic lawn mower. They do not require any other maintenance, oil, or cleaning, and they won’t take up much space in your garage when stored for the winter.
Battery lifetime with average use is around five years and only cost about $150 to replace.
All units come with a base station and low voltage cord which plugs into any standard outlet.
No. They find their own way home when they get tired.
Mowers typically run 60-90 minutes before returning to their base to charge.
On average, most standard units take 45 minutes for a full charge.
Running costs depend on the size of your lawn but are only $10-$50 per season.
No. If you choose our professional installation, we bury the boundary and other guide wires for you. You can also do this yourself, but many DIY kits include above-ground wire and small stakes designed to grow into your lawn quickly.
All units use a perimeter wire – similar to electric dog fences. Some units also have GPS to help map the yard.
Better than a riding mower. Today’s autonomous mowers can slope up to 45% (or 24°).
Units are designed to run in the rain and because of their unique design will also not “tear” wet grass like other mowers.
No. Mowers are built for lawns up to 1.25 acres and multiple units can maintain larger yards.
No problem. Perimeter wire, remote object sensors and GPS are used to handle even the most demanding lawns.
Sophisticated theft prevention is built into every model. Each unit has some combination of built-in alarms, pin codes, base station exclusivity, auto disabling, and GPS tracking.
Yes! All units have a combination of object, lift, tilt, and/or location sensors that stop the blades automatically when they encounter anything unexpected or outside normal operating parameters.


The Vegetative Waste Composting Facility consists of a dedicated section of the Solid Waste Facility. Leaves, grass clippings and brush can be dropped off by residents, municipal collection crews and commercial haulers. The leaves and grass clippings are stock piled and then formed into extended piles referred to as windrows. A mechanical windrow turning machine then passes over the piles, where the machine remixes and aerates the leaves and grass. Composting of the leaves is accomplished in about 5 to 6 months. Trees and brush may also be brought to the vegetative waste facility where a tub grinder is used to chip small diameter trees and brush into a mulch type product available to area residents and businesses.
Section of SCMUA 2013 Rate Schedule
VII. Leaves, Brush and Lawn Clippings (ID 23)
Charge for drop-off of leaves, brush and lawn clippings shall be $40.00 per ton. Minimum charge shall be $5.00 per load. Passenger type vehicles (i.e. automobiles, minivans, SUV's) shall not be charged for diminimus amounts of ID23. Any vehicles with two (2) or less barrels/bags (up to 110 gals/pounds) of leaves, brush or lawn clippings shall be determined as diminimus amounts and shall not be charged for disposal.
Loading Charges for Mulch/Compost shall be as follows:
• Mulch $ 5 per Cubic Yard
• Mulch Colorized $20 per Cubic Yard
• Compost $ 5 per Cubic Yard
• Compost Screened $20 per Cubic Yard
Appointment for loading advised for large quantities.


Scuppernong is arguably the most well-known assortment of muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia) climbed through U. S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 6 through 9. This fast-growing, hardy native American grape is a great selection for home gardeners who need lots of big grapes for making juice, jelly or wine. Even though they require less maintenance than bunching grapes, muscadines have to be pruned aggressively to keep them in perfect shape — also much old timber is detrimental to fruit production.
Prune a newly planted muscadine grape to a major stem with no more than two or three buds emerging from it. Allow the plant to climb to the very top of its support the first year, removing all but the strongest length of vine once it goes dormant in the late fall or early winter. Remove any portion of the major vine that reaches over a few inches past the cover of the wire at dormancy, to induce the formation of unwanted shoots.
Allow new buds to develop on surface of your vine at a 90-degree angle from the main back during the next season. Select the best two to four buds, depending upon your trellis style, and get rid of the remainder as soon as they are approximately 2 inches long. Remove any buds that develop below the top of your grape trellis or so are clustered close to other buds. Allow both to four sections you kept to develop along the surface of the trellis in various directions to their entire length during the next season.
Thin the buds that form along the lateral parts of the vine in the preceding year to no longer than approximately six, spaced evenly along the length of every section, early in the spring of the next season. At the close of the season, remove these six sections of vine to support fruiting the following year — muscadines fruit only on new wood, so these old fruiting canes are a naturally drag on the plant’s sources. Continue removing fruiting canes at the end of each growing season for the life of the muscadine vine.


Abundant white peach, apricot compôte and white floral notes leap from the glass, with juicy ripe fruit on the palate and beautifully clean, precise acidity through to the finish. A versatile and immensely appealing Riesling, which pairs well with pasta, roast chicken, seabass or fresh asparagus.
Sustainably certified by agroVet, the wineyard also produce their own fertiliser. They produce their own seeds to sew cover crops in the vineyards and use straw from the fields in the young vineyards to protect the vines from dry stress. The winery is energy neutral, producing energy from their Biogas plant and a Photovoltaic system which produces more energy than is required.


At Country Flower Farms, you can find everything you need to turn your dream garden into a reality! We are a proudly family owned and operated Garden Center dedicated to quality, selection and service. Come browse our huge selection of annuals, perennials, herbs, seasonal plants, and more at our greenhouse! We carry the best plants around, and our friendly knowledgeable staff are always here to help answer any questions you may have. Also, be sure to take a look at our blog for great plant care tips and gardening articles that will inform and inspire!
We are open March 15th thru December 24th 7 days a week, 9 a.m. – 6 pm. We also provide gardening and plant information online 24 hours a day at www.countryflowerfarms.com, or you may feel free to contact us via phone or email. Happy gardening from all of us at Country Flower Farms!


The mobile phone is in many ways more valuable in Africa than it is in developed countries, simply because of its power in transforming peoples’ everyday lives. Development in Africa has traditionally been hampered by a lack of infrastructure (basic roads, transport links etc), and ineffective communications. The humble mobile phone is a way of circumventing these barriers. It is proving hugely effective as a means of a mass-communication tool, and in no area is this more prevalent than in agriculture, traditionally one of the most important areas in African life.
Mobile phones are giving farmers access to vital information about the quality and availability of crops before they travel long distances to buy them, saving people time and money. Mobile SMS alerts can also warn farmers of outbreaks of animal diseases, floods and other natural disasters – allowing farmers extra time to prepare for the event. M-Farm is another SMS based system service that gives farmers access to market prices.
Kenya’s iCow has had a huge uptake, and allows farmers to register livestock through their mobile phone and receive information on livestock gestation periods and health advice.
Agriculture is vital to the continent’s future, but when you consider that 80% of arable land is not being used, there is clearly a long way to go. Mobile phones are a way in which farmers can improve their productivity, and protect their land and livestock. In addition, technology contributes around 7% to the continent’s GDP, which is above the Global Index, so there are plenty of opportunities for the Technology and Agricultural industries to work together in improving farmers’ lives.


We are fortunate to have hops yards just seven miles down the road from the brewery.
Living so close to our primary ingredients has helped us form strong relationships with the growers to source the finest hops varieties to brew our award winning beers for you to enjoy.
Over 80% of the hops used are grown in the nearby Teme Valley. Geoff Thompson of Little Lambswick Farm, Eardiston, some seven miles from the brewery, delivers requirements direct from his kiln to ensure that the required bitterness and keeping quality of each brew is covered. Today, The Little Lambswick Partnership accounts for about a tenth of the production from the Tenbury Wells area. Traditionally in excess of 800 hectares were grown in this important hop producing area. Now however, what with more efficient hop use in the brewing process, better growing techniques all be it with the challenges of disease pressures, only around 120 hectares are grown in the Teme Valley and no more than 1000 hectares nationally. Most of the current hopyards are of high wire-work type while some recent plantings use the dwarf system. All in all a 85% area reduction over the past seventy years or so means a niche cropping enterprise. At Hobsons we use the British varieties of Challenger, Progress, Fuggles and Goldings.
Hobsons has signed up to an initiatives called Hopshires which is championing the regions hops, its growers and beers. Hopshires was set up by the counties hop growers and brewers to promote the region's hop-growing prowess and the vital role it plays in the future of British brewing has received backing to continue for a second year. The 'Hopshires' project is a collaboration between the hop growers and brewers of Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Shropshire to celebrate our hops and the beers made with them. Visit the website for more information.


The transitional climate of North Carolina is best suited to grow: tall fescue, Bentgrass, kentucky bluegrass, zoysiagrass, bermudagrass, centipedegrass, and St. Augustinegrass sods. The information provided below is intended to help understand the agronomic choices available and how best to select the right choice for your lawn's needs.
Whether you're interested in learning how to reduce irrigation, when and how to properly fertilize, or even what height to mow your lawn, it all starts with what type of grass you have. That's why the NCSU Turf CENTERE has created the online program TurfSelect to help homeowners do just that-find the right turfgrass for their needs. The key to selecting the right grass type for your needs begins with a few simple questions.
What are the intended uses?
- Is this a utility (road side/erosion control, etc.) - or
- Is this grass a high or low profile home lawn - or
- a high or low profile athletic field -or
- is this a golf course?
Answers to these questions will help define the types of grass suitable to your application.
Providing information regarding shade level (shady or not shady), and your geographic location will trim the list of grass types down further. After these three easy questions, you will have a list of grasses left for your consideration. From this list, your decision can be based on your aesthetic, economic, or management preferences. See how easy TurfSelect can make answering these questions and explaining your grass choices can be: www.turffiles.ncsu.edu/turfselect/. TurfSelect also offers a year-round calendar look at grasses. This helpful feature allows users a visual guide to what your grass selection will look like throughout the year.
Once you have decided upon a grass type, there is then the selection of cultivated varieties (or cultivars) to consider. Cultivars are cultivated plant varieties that are purposefully propagated for commercial plant production. Both asexual (cuttings or vegetative propagation) and sexual (seeded) reproductive propagation methods are cultivar propagation practices.
Plant type cultivar names are regulated under the guidance of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants or (ICNCP). In essence, a cultivar (or cultivated variety) is in fact a trade designation or legal name created primarily for commercial purposes. The cultivar name is a legal designation and serves in part to protect the plant breeders rights-and ultimately the buyers expectations of performance and plant characteristics. Cultivar selection allow growers to rely on years of research and classification of growing expectations as is found in studies such as the NTEP (National Turfgrass Evaluation Program) study program.
NOTE: The term "Varieties" comes from the botanical naming convention you may have learned in 10th grade biology class (Family -> Genus -> Species -> Variety). A "Cultivar" is a cultivated variety specifically grown for purposes such as commercial sale.
If you buy a bag of seed, or a roll of sod it is likely going to contain a specific grass type (say Tall Fescue), and contain a cultivar (or blend of cultivars) specifically selected by the grower (or manufacturer). This grower will have selected the cultivar for reasons or plant characteristics such as, color, resilience, commercial popularity, reputation, cost, texture, leaf shape or size....and the list goes on. Examples of just a few Tall Fescue Cultivars include: "Rebel IV", "Silverstar", "Firebird", and "WolfPack". Notice the clever names? This legal naming convention doubles as a marketing tool.
The North Carolina State University Turfgrass Program works in partnership with the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) to conduct unbiased reviews of North Carolina's regional turfgrass cultivars. This arduous process consists of multi-year studies reviewing cultivar performance under the same maintenance regime AND while in the same location. Located side by side, cultivar plots are mowed at the same height, watered at the same depth, and fertilized at the same rates and times. Often, not released on the market yet, these research turf cultivars are given numbers at this stage of development in expectation of a commercial release. The number system allows researchers a tracking mechanism specific to that plant cultivar, but the trade-mark naming process often is saved for PROVEN performers. Researchers record growth performance characteristics and rate these 12' by 12' cultivar plots to better define variety performance expectations. These results are assembled and recommended cultivars are published annually: http://www.turffiles.ncsu.edu/NTEP/Default.aspx#AR000904
Once the average lawn enthusiast begins their quest for a healthy happy lawn it becomes quickly apparent that there is a lot of information, products, and services out there to choose from. Where you find the grass you've selected is often the FIRST critical step. The average North Carolina home owner spent over $838 for all lawn and landscape services in 2005*. In this economy, it is important for homeowners to know where to turn to help find the best information, reputable growers, and turf care professionals-and of course-where to find the grass type they are looking for!
As part of North Carolina's $8 Billion dollar GREEN industry, turfgrass plays an important role to its over 150,000 employees and the local economy. Spray painted logos of the NC SPA (North Carolina Sod Producers) , TCNC (the Turfgrass Council of North Carolina), and of course NC State University's Block S, line the hillside located on the Northern slope of the State Fairground's Exposition building. This symbolic display of togetherness does in fact have its "roots" in reality. These organizations work together and individually to help promote North Carolina turfgrass education and outreach. They are a primary resource for turfgrass professionals and serve as an excellent starting point for homeowners looking to find information regarding grass sales, installation, certified lawn care professionals, sod, and more. The types of questions you have will help determine which organization you contact for more information.
It is important to the Certified Turfgrass Professionals to maintain North Carolina's beauty and serve as stewards of the land. That is why they are required to maintain applicator's licensing and pass certification requirements above and beyond NC State laws. With a curriculum established and taught by North Carolina State University's Turfgrass Program professors and staff, short course attendees prepare for the Turfgrass Certification Exam. It is an extensive test administered by the Turfgrass Council of NC and just one of the requirements to become a certified turfgrass professional. When your lawn care professional offers you a quote, you SHOULD consider asking them, are they a NC Certified Turfgrass Professional? Do they have a pesticide applicators license? Do they belong to a professional organization?
Working together with professional turfgrass organizations like the TCNC, NCSPA, NCSTMA, NCCIA, and NC extension services, you can maximize your available resources and achieve a beautiful, environmentally friendly lawn.
*North Carolina's Green Industry 2005 Total Economic Impact Survey can be found: http://ncgreenindustrycouncil.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/green-industry-cover-2006-lowres.pdf


Fall is that time of the year when you must take good care of your lawn, to prepare it for long and cold dormant winter months. Fall is a great time for gardening owing to the cool and pleasant weather at the time. The pleasant weather, the piling leaves and the approaching winter months should be enough reason for you to get started with caring for your yard right now. Here are a few tips that you must remember when caring for your yard in autumn.
Watering on schedule
Summer or fall, your lawn needs to be watered on time and watered properly. Make sure your sprinklers are set to water the yard at regular intervals every day. Early morning and evening are good times to soak your yard with adequate water, especially during dry spells in the fall. Also, early morning is when the soil absorbs most of the water, as the air is cooler and the water does not evaporate.
Mow your lawn
If you have a lawn, make sure you mow it regularly, or you will end up with overgrown grass that looks really messy. Fall is when you should water the lawn and also mow the overgrown grass regularly. Through the season, follow this practice and towards the end of the season, drop the blade of your mower a little so that the last cuttings are its lowest. This way, the soil and the crown of the grass will get adequate sunlight and only a small portion of the leaf will turn brown.
You don’t need expert advice to know that the leaves in the yard need to be raked. Leaves, if left on the ground, will get accumulated and become wet due to moisture, thereby forming a sticky layer that can suffocate the grass. Don’t wait for days before you rake the leaves. Get the yard clean every day and remove all fallen leaves on the same day or the next day. This will keep your lawn clean and your grass healthy.
Aerate the soil
Fall is also the time when you aerate the soil so that enough oxygen, water and fertilizer reach the roots of the grass. This is important if there is a lot of foot traffic on your lawn, as that can make the clay soils compact and prevent water and fertilizers from penetrating in.
Patch up the bald spots
Use a lawn-repair mixture to fill in the bald spots in fall. The mixture, which contains, grass seeds, fertilizer and organic mulch will make the grass grow faster. Apply a thick patch of this mixture on the bald spots, compact it and then water the area. Ensure that you continue to water the regions where the mixture is spread on a regular basis. Your lawn’s bald spots will soon be gone.


Living in Zone 5a impacts a gardener’s desire to extend the season. From the sprouting of the first bulbs in spring to the battle against the first frost in fall (with a yard full of quilts and sheets protecting annual flowers), keeping the floral show live as long as possible is the goal.
In my flower garden, yellow perennial flowers form the backdrop for season long color. Their ability to complement bold colors like purple, or bring out the heat in oranges and reds, gives them a leading role.
As a gardener with a large vegetable garden to tend, I like to keep my perennial gardens simple and low maintenance, and also bursting with color and texture.
Over the years, I’ve purchased and planted a plethora of different perennials. Many of them were too high maintenance or didn’t survive the conditions in my garden.
In this article, I’m sharing my favorite yellow perennial flowers to add an extra pop of sunshine to your flower beds in spring, summer and fall.
Yellow Perennial Flowers for Long-Lasting Color
The weight of winter’s impact on our cold, green deprived hearts can be measured in the excitement for spring bulbs.
When you’re planning for a season full of color, don’t forget to add plenty of spring bulbs to your list. Brent and Becky’s Bulbs, a family owned company in Virginia, has a spectacular selection of bulbs. I’ve placed many orders through their website for fall planting over the years.
(I don’t know them and they’re not sponsoring this post, I just think they’re a great company.)
Plant spring bulbs in full sun to encourage plentiful blooms and strong plants. Here are some of my favorites:
A crocus flower would easily be hidden in a garden full of bushy and lanky perennials, but by being one of the first on the scene, crocuses scream “Look at me!”.
I have a patch of crocuses growing right next to my front door. The early spring sun reflects off the house foundation and jump starts their sprouting and flowering, giving me my first warm spring flower vibes of the year.
Crocus flowers come in the white, yellow and purple. I usually buy a variety pack that features all three colors because I love how they complement each other when planted together.
Spring Crocus Species Mixture
The crocus gets the show started early in the season and the daffodil picks up right when the crocus exits the stage. I love the look of mangy spring lawns with daffodils sprouting in the lawn. They create a meadow effect with the daffodil foliage blending in with the tall grass.
There are hundreds of daffodil varieties out in the world for your planting pleasure. The most important thing to know if that there are early, mid and late season blooming types. I always buy several of each to extend the bloom time.
Brent and Becky’s Daffodil Favorites
What would spring be without the tulip? Think of the countless tulip festivals around the world and the incredible displays that this flower accomplishes.
Planting tulip bulbs can have a paint by numbers feel when they are planted in the fall. Seeing what happens the following spring can confirm your planting prowess or your need to order more bulbs. You can never have too many.
One of the things I love about Brent and Becky’s Bulbs is that they have more unique varieties than my local nurseries and big box stores.
Banja Luka has been a favorite yellow tulip with red striping.
Tulipa tarda is a delicate, unique tulip
Iris, technically a rhizome, brings color and texture to perennial late spring garden beds. The long bladed leaves provide great contrast to bushy foliage and the frilly flowers have a delicate beauty that is unique.
When the yellow iris are blooming in my garden, they often time their blooms to accompany the purple allium, which makes for a dramatic punch.
Iris can grow anywhere in height from 8-38” inches tall. I prefer taller varieties that fill areas quickly in spring, but can be cut back in summer to make room for later bloomers.
Featuring yellow perennial bulbs like tulips, crocus, daffodils, and iris brings the grey-green winter landscape back to life in spring.
Read more about colorful and unusual bulbs to plant in autumn. And how I add spring color to my vegetable garden with bulbs.
Spring Perennial Flowers
Perennial gardens take a little time to get up to speed. The early spring foliage is compact and tidy, giving the early garden a managed and organized look.
Eventually, as spring turns to summer, chaos occurs. Having a plant that fills a space is wonderful, but having a plant that takes over a space can become a battle. This is a fine line to walk in the perennial garden.
This list of yellow perennial flowers all do best in full sun gardens.
Moonshine yellow yarrow, Achillea x ‘Moonshine’, is an excellent spring perennial that can fill an area with visually interesting silver foliage and produces umbral flowers that bees and insects love.
I have planted Moonshine yarrow next to May Night Salvia, Salvia sylvestris, and appreciated the contrasting foliage and complementary purple color.
Moonshine Yarrow tends to stay in a tidy clump form and doesn’t spread aggressively by seed or root.
Photo courtesy of White Oak Gardens
Yellow Wild Indigo
Yellow Wild Indigo, Baptisia tinctoria, is another clumping shaped yellow perennial flower that can fill a space with both attractive foliage and flowers. A native plant to the midwest, it prefers well drained soil and space to grow.
When given a chance to establish it will grow more bush-like with deep prairie roots. Plan ahead when placing this plant, it does not transplant well and can outgrow a smaller space given time.
When the perennial garden is starting to gain momentum in early summer, the vegetable garden is still far from its glory in late August.
Having striking yellow foliage in the flower beds can contrast well with the annual vegetables. Perennial flowers draw scores of beneficial insects and pollinators into the front yard, which benefits the vegetable garden.
Moonbeam coreopsis, Coreopsis verticillata, is a compact yellow flower with lacy foliage that helps the plant perform double duty, providing both color and texture, in your garden. It’s low in stature, so planting it near the front edge of your beds will keep it from getting buried by taller, bushier plants.
My perennial flower bed near the road is often buried in the winter with snowbanks. The slow thawing snow bank proved to be too wet and heavy for this plant. It prefers the well-drained, drier soils in the beds near the house.
I’ve tried many annual and perennial rudbeckias throughout the years because they’re one of my favorite flowers. Many of them don’t come back for a second year, even if they’re labeled as perennial, and a few of them are bullies and take over.
Little Henry, Rudbeckia subtomentosa, is neither of those things! It’s well behaved and cheerily blooms for many weeks, delighting me every time I pass them by.
Photo courtesy of American Meadows
Stella D’Oro Daylily, Hemerocallis ‘Stella de Oro’, is one of those plants that wins the solid performer award. It’s more refined than the ditch lilies seen alongside rural roads, more gold and less orange, with long bloom times and compact shape that is about 2’ height and 2’ width.
Similar to the previous plants on the list, Stella D’ Oro has ornamental foliage that keeps a compact form and really shines when planted in a large clump or group.
Photo courtesy of Prairie Nursery
Purple Coneflower can be found everywhere in the prairies and home gardens of the Midwest, including mine. For a different take on this popular flower, try planting Yellow Coneflower, Ratibida Pinnata. It’s a native perennial also found in the open prairies and oak savannas of the Midwest.
Pollinators are attracted to the frilly flower heads and the green seed heads mature to brown and provide late season food to songbirds.
A tall slender plant, yellow coneflower fits perfectly in less formal prairie-like gardens. Its randomly popping flower heads stand out amongst layers of foliage and flowers.
Read more about my other favorite summer blooming perennials.
Rudbeckia Brown Eyed Susan, Rudbeckia triloba, is a biennial prairie plant that fills the late summer and fall garden with vibrant yellow flowers capped with beautifully contrasting black seed heads.
Brown Eyed Susan came with my house when we purchased it in 2014. It would randomly self seed around the yard and next to the garage. After noting year after year how the blooms on this plant seemed to last for almost a month, I decided to transplant some first year plants into my perennial flower bed.
The unassuming foliage will be lost amongst its neighbors in the late summer garden, but the purplish flower stems and contrasting yellow flowers and black seed head make this a beauty in an informal garden setting.
Fireworks Goldenrod, Solidago rugosa, is a late summer, early fall flower that is aptly named. The flowers cascade from the plant like trails of sparks from a fourth of July pyrotechnic display.
The foliage emerges in spring with a dark green color and the plant’s form is a tight clump that will eventually spread to about 3’ to 4’.
Stout stems keep this plant upright and help prevent it from flopping over if grown without adjacent plant support in the form of cages, or similar tall prairie plants.
This foliage can get a little aggressive if allowed to grow into adjacent plants. The rhizomes of fireworks wrapped their way into the iris that I had growing next to it, so keeping this plant in place can require thinning.
It’s difficult to imagine a garden without yellow perennial flowers. Yellow is a symbol of sunshine, energy, joy and happiness, which are also words I would use to describe the act of gardening. This season, embrace the color yellow by sprinkling it throughout your garden in spring, summer and fall to energize and enliven your home landscape.
Additional Resources for How to Design a Flower Garden
If you’re like me you might always have a big pile of gardening books next to your favorite reading chair. There are so many good ones out there that sometimes it’s difficult to choose.
The titles below are my four favorite flower garden design books.
Click on the cover for more information.
Check out my other recommended garden tools, books, seeds, supplies and more in my Amazon storefront.
More flower garden articles:
- Perennial Flower Garden Design – The #1 Mistake
- Fabulous Flowers For Raised Beds
- Two Quick No-Dig Ways to Make a Flower Bed
- 5 Stunning Vegetable and Flower Garden Ideas
The post Yellow Perennial Flowers: Bring Sunshine to Your Yard appeared first on Creative Vegetable Gardener.


Our labour of love over lockdown has born fruit…and some veg, and herbs and loads of fragrant blossoms. That’s right! It is our pleasure to present the Brahman Hills’ pleasure gardens to you. We are hoping you find them as beautiful and utterly rewarding as we do.
We are proud to announce that our gardens have officially earned recognition as a Royal Horticultural Society Partner Garden. Additionally, we are honored to hold the title of Overseas Regional Winner in the 2023 RHS Partner Garden of the Year competition.
We are one of only two partner gardens in South Africa!
The garden is a sensory delight: the lush green foliage offsets the bursts of blue, purple and delicate pinks. With the gentle splash of water and the peaceful setting, it's an idyllic spot to be. The landscaping is given dimension and interest thanks to the tiered terraces and multi-level flower beds. These levels also provide unique outlooks for those taking in the sights or, from the other perspective, enchanting backdrops for photoshoots.
Not only is the garden a pleasure to amble around, but it also serves an essential function. Aside from the ornamental planting scheme, the design also includes an extensive kitchen garden which is used to supplement the Brahman Hills kitchen. This is so important for various reasons. Firstly, we can reduce our carbon footprint; secondly, we can provide the freshest seasonal produce as it's grown basically right outside the kitchen door and lastly, we can be 100% sure of the quality and ethical sourcing of our products because we grow, harvest and prepare them ourselves.


Myth No. 4: Focus on the green.
Truth: While grass is what we see and tend to, the soil is the most essential component for a healthy growth year-round. Soil supplies the roots with necessary nutrients, which in turn yield a beautiful lawn. Consider taking a soil sample to your local university extension program or landscape supplier for soil analysis. This will help determine the best type of fertilizer to use throughout the year.
Myth No. 5: Keep a consistent mowing pattern.
Truth: It’s easy to fall into a mowing routine, but frequently cutting grass in the same direction can mat down the turf and inhibit growth. By varying the mowing pattern, you will reduce strain on the turf and encourage a healthier, more beautiful lawn.
Myth No. 6: You’re off duty in the winter.
Truth: Many people think grass “dies” off in the winter so you can take a break from lawn care; however, this is the best time to care for your equipment. Complete mower maintenance such as adding fuel stabilizer, blade sharpening and replacing missing or damaged parts and your mower will be prepped and ready come springtime.
Aside from practicing the proper mowing techniques, having the right equipment is one of the most important factors in maintaining a green and vibrant lawn. The proper type and size for your lawn and lifestyle will help you mow more efficiently so you can spend more time enjoying and less time maintaining your lawn. (From johndeere.com via Ariens/Gravely)
Please see us at any of our Dave's Tractor World locations for information about the right kind of lawn care equipment for you. Also, visit us at www.DavesTractorWorldLLC.com to get your unit in the queue for repair!


Many, many years ago my Scout Troop would go out to a farm owned by one of the kids in the troop's Father.
Farm was out around Columbus, Texas, which is one of the prime pecan trees areas in Texas.
We helped lay out a new pecan tree grove on the property.
Planted sixteen trees, in four rows, with 80 feet between trunks.
Dug a 4 inch hole next to each tree, at 3 ft out and 4 ft deep and inserted a 3 inch schedule 40 perforated pipe vertically and filled with gravel for a drip irritation system.
Ran plastic tubing to each pipe with a drip valve.
Watering system to the trees was gravity fed.
There was a large water tank about 12 feet across an 10 feet high that had a cone shaped roof that was upside down and looked like a big funnel to catch rain water.
Tank opening was covered by hardware cloth and window screen to catch the big stuff and keep the tank from becoming a mosquito hatchery.
Water tank could be filled three different ways, by rain fall, float system connected to a well pump, or a gas powered pump that pulled water from the creek.
I'd plant a pecan grove and watch the money grow on the trees.
Declare it a tree farm and take the tax credits (I think it is still possible).


CannonHale is a vertically-integrated producer of hemp and hemp-derived CBD products with a focus on delivering social, economic, and environmental impact through seed-to-scale agricultural production.
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We are steadfast in our commitment to building a sustainable industry by putting farmers first. This drives our mission: help farmers farm, create real jobs, and make an economic impact in rural agricultural communities.


Herb container gardens are one of my favorite ways to bring herbs easily into the kitchen when cooking. Whether you grow an herb garden on the patio or a couple pots on the windowsill, growing herbs is one of those essentials that every home cook should have. Containers can come in all shapes and sizes and are made from different materials like terra cotta, coconut husks, or even heavy duty plastic containers that come cool colors. You can grow most herbs in a container, as long as the container is the correct size and has drainage holes.
Having the right size pots for your herb container garden is key. If an herb plant has only a small pot to grow into, then it will not grow very large on top. The more room the roots have to grow, the more edible leaves and flowers the herb plant can produce. So for herb gardening, bigger is certainly better. If you want 3-4 herb plants in one container garden, start out with a pot that it is at least 12” wide and 4-6” in depth. If you want each plant to grow in its own pot then you can group the pots together to give the allusion of a larger garden. Putting pots up on stands and organizing them either by style of container or type of plant is a great way to group your herb garden together.
Drainage holes are essential to a good herb container garden and if the pot does not have any pre-drilled holes, you will need to drill at least 3 ¼” holes in the bottom. Layer an inch of pebbles in the bottom of the container and then fill ¾ full with potting soil that has bone meal and blood meal already mixed in. Bone meal is an organic fertilizer that helps the roots grow and develop a healthy root system and blood meal is a nutrient for the leaves and flowers of the herb plant. A key thing to remember about using organic fertilizers is that the plant will only uptake the nutrients it needs and you can’t burn the plant with too much fertilizer as you can when using synthetic fertilizers.
The most popular herbs to grow in a container herb garden are basil, thyme, oregano, marjoram, cilantro, parsley, rosemary, and lavender. When growing multiple plants in one container, put the tallest plant like basil or cilantro in the center and have the plants that like to vine out like thyme and rosemary on the outside edges of the pot.
Once the plants have been transplanted into the container and new potting soil is gently put around the roots, water the herbs in deeply until the water runs out the bottom drainage holes. Water the container garden daily the first week and if the temperature is above 90 degrees, water twice a day.
Once the soil settles down into the pot, add more of the mixed potting soil with the organic fertilizers to it – usually every 2 weeks.
Once the plants are 6” tall, snip off a few leaves to go in your recipe.
Having an herb container garden makes many cooks happy campers.
You might want to also try these gardening tips:


Florida’s waterways are in peril. Increasing death rates of bottle-nose dolphins and diminishing populations of marine life are observable evidence that we are polluting our waters. If we don’t take action, the waters will “die” and become algae soups, producing no marine animals and exuding toxic fumes, such as Red Tide, harmful to people. This already has happened in some of our lakes and streams and Tampa Bay came close.
A major source of this pollution is the nutrients found in fertilizer- phosphorus and nitrogen. We Floridians are known to over fertilize and use too much of these nutrients. The excess runs off and ends up in our surface waters. Both phosphorus and nitrogen produce algae, one pound of fertilizer can produce 500 pounds of the stuff. The algae cloud the water and restrict sunlight from reaching the sea grasses. Sea grass is the foundation of most marine life, the nursery and habitat for nearly every living creature. As the sea grass dies off from lack of sunlight, the wild life follows. Algae also consume dissolved oxygen, robbing the marine animals of this essential element. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) found, in 2008, that 1000 miles of rivers, 350,000 acres of lakes and 900 square miles of estuaries are nutrient polluted. Our waters are receiving at least 50% more nutrients than they can safely absorb.
The good news is that, by managing our use of fertilizer, we can reduce the nutrient pollution by as much as 30% and have healthier lawns in the bargain. Fact is, most Florida soil is naturally rich in phosphorus and adding more is harmful to lawn health as well as running off to pollute the water. Fertilizer containing water soluble nitrogen tends to run off at the first rainfall or irrigation and is wasted. Slow release nitrogen, however, will feed the grass at a rate that it can absorb while minimizing run off. Fertilize properly using the right fertilizer, zero phosphorus and slow release nitrogen, and doing it at the right time is about all it takes.
You might think this no cost measure to help save Florida’s multi-billion dollar marine industry is a no brainer. Think again. The Florida DEP published an ordinance to manage the use of fertilizer state wide. Good idea, but lobbying and pressure from fertilizer interests so weakened the ordinance that it is ineffective in reducing nutrient pollution.
Over 40 local Florida governments have enacted ordinances that are stronger than the state version. The reported results of these ordinances have been positive in every aspect and the stronger ordinance is being considered by many other locals. But hold on, bills are now working in both the Florida House and Senate to change the state fertilizer laws so that local governments cannot enact tougher fertilizer requirements and will even void some local ordinances already in effect. If passed, to accommodate special interests, these bad bills will allow nutrient pollution to continue to degrade our waters and could result in costs of billions of dollars to clean up our waters in addition to the loss of billions by our marine economy. Tell your state representatives to oppose these bills and tell your local government leaders to enact the stronger fertilizer ordinance. Please do it now.
David Botto, former chairman of Florida’s Marine Resources Council


Stuart Symington, US ambassador to Nigeria, has advised young entrepreneurs in Africa to patronise each other.
He made the call in Ibadan, Oyo state capital, on Tuesday, during a programme organised by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA).
The youth, from Nigeria, Cote d’Ivoire and Congo, graduated from diverse fields of agricultural discipline.
“You should buy products from each other,” Symington said.
“You are your own buyers and you should be your own internal buyers. Put together lessons learnt in the process. Each should learn from the mistakes and experiences of the other.”
Symington recommended the Ghanaian model of micro-finance where a village was transformed after villagers financed one another.
The ambassador said entrepreneurs may fail, but they have to pick up themselves.
He said: “You should also learn from the Silicon Valley maxim. In Silicon, they have an expression: ‘If you haven’t failed once, you are not in business.’
“You are like Silicon Valley. You will fall; pick yourselves up. Is there anyone who rides a bicycle for the first time without falling down?”
He added that the challenge of food production is important for Africa, saying every nation must encourage its youth to go into agriculture.
The EYA group, through Evelyn Ohanwusi, the interim head, had made a presentation to the ambassador on how it operates on a philosophy of “to grow crops, you must grow farmers” and how its goal is to reduce economic marginalisation of African youth through modernised agricultural technology.


Chef David Gross of Cook Hall demonstrates Spring Broccoli Salad with a Spicy Vinaigrette at the Peachtree Road Farmers Market. Broccoli. Fairyfire Classic Pepper Jelly, Spring Garlic, Spring onion, Ginger, Olive oil, Rice wine vinegar, and Honey join to make this tasty spring salad.
Fresh market ingredients from: McMullan Family Farm, Fairywood Thicket Farm, Indian Ridge Farm, Country Gardens Farm, Hidden Springs Farm
The Peachtree Road Farmers Market is the largest producer-only farmers market in the state. Producer-only means that everything at the Market has been grown, raised, or made by the seller, ensuring fair prices for both the vendors and the consumers.
The Peachtree Road Farmers Market takes place on Saturday mornings beginning April 5th, rain or shine, until December 13th.
Peachtree Road Farmers Market is a Wholesome Wave market and we accept and double SNAP (EBT/food stamp).
There are over 35 chef demonstrations scheduled for this season and 50 weekly vendors. Each week brings new produce, vendors, events and fun!
Peachtree Road Farmers Market is at Cathedral of St. Philip – 2744 Peachtree Road, NW – Atlanta, Georgia 30305


Get fresh by sampling free Hudson Valley Fresh dairy products and taste the difference.
Click below to see a list of our upcoming tasting eventsFind a Tasting
ACCORD, NEW YORK
Domino Farm has been a family dairy farm since 1955. Started by Gerald and Eleanor DeWitt with Holsteins, the farm began a slow but dramatic transformation when Eleanor bought a Jersey calf for their daughter Margaret as a 4-H project, reasoning that a small Jersey calf would be easier for a 9-year-old to handle. As is the case with so many 4-H projects, a small idea grew into a large one, and the farm now consists of 100% registered purebred Jerseys, all homebred for more than 30 years.
Margaret assumed the management of the farm when she graduated from Cornell. Her passion for Jerseys is based on her love of a breed that, as she says, has “personality, protein and productivity.” Domino Farm’s Jerseys are bred for productivity and type. As Margaret says, “Life’s too short to milk ugly cows.” For the past several years, the American Jersey Cattle Association has ranked Domino Farm in the top 10 herds, either of their size or of any size, in the nation for the amount of milk, fat, and protein.
Margaret’s niece, Katherine, shares her passion for the Jersey breed. Past Ulster County Dairy Princess and Ambassador, Katherine helps out at the farm and is currently a freshman at Cornell University, majoring in Animal Science. Katherine enjoys speaking with the public about agriculture and about the Jersey breed in particular, and has especially loved showing the farm’s Jerseys at fairs, including Ulster and Dutchess County Fairs and New York State Fair. Three of her cows have won National Junior Production Awards from the AJCA. “So many people at fairs ask where they can get our milk,” Katherine says. “It will be so nice now to have a locally available product we can tell people about.”
In spring, summer, and fall, cows are out on pasture when they are not being milked, weather permitting. Margaret’s brother, Meade, supplies the forages for the farm’s cows, growing hay and corn for silage on the farm’s 150 acres and nearby rented land. Katherine’s mother, Janet, manages the calves at the farm.
“Farming is a difficult way of life, ” Margaret says. “But milking cows that are productive and beautiful to look at makes it easier. Being part of a cooperative that makes a great product will also make it easier as well.”


The Turfco KisCutter Sod Cutter makes cutting sod faster and easier than ever. This gas-powered unit with a 5.5 HP Honda GX160 engine is the most maneuverable, easy-to-use sod cutter available. With it’s revolutionary 140-lb. lightweight design, it can cut up to 9000 sq. ft. per hour. That’s as fast and productive as a much heavier 300-lb. unit. The innovative 4-wheel design is ideal for a variety of sod cutting jobs, from sculpting lawns and flower beds, to trimming ball fields.
Weight/Wet: 12 in Model: 161 lb.
Width: 25 in.
Length: 53 in.
Height: 40 in.
Cutting Thickness: Adjustable up to 2.5 in.
Speed: Up to 135 ft/min


This book is a good reference on vegetable gardening. It covers the economic value of a vegetable garden, planning and locating the garden, maintaining soil fertility, hotbeds, garden tools, sowing seeds, transplanting seedlings, growing and storing vegetables, managing garden pests, and fall garden work.
Genre(s): Non-fiction, Nature, Self-Help
Choose among free epub books, free kindle books, download them or read them online.
LibriVox recordings are Public Domain in the USA. If you are not in the USA, please verify the copyright status of these works in your own country before downloading.
- Play recording online
- Internet Archive Page
- Online text
- M4B format available
The content is free of known copyright restrictions under U.S. copyright law.


Nettle chips are tasty, crispy and best of all.. Almost free! These healthy chips are also really easy to make and you can harvest the whole plant and use for many different purposes if you like, but you need only nettle leaves for the chips. Nettle is rich in Vitamin A, C, D, K, calcium, iron and a protein.
Best time to harvest nettles is in late spring, before they begin to flower. Be sure to harvest nettles from clean areas only, avoid places near highways, industrial areas and places where people spray weed killers. Weed killers are often used in the streets and parks of many towns and cities, also some people spray it around their yards.
Nettle grows wild almost all over the world and it can be harvested for free. Nettle stings because it has tiny spines that has formic acid and other chemicals mixed with it, which causes the burning and stinging sensation when skin contacts with the plant. The sensation stays for a while so I recommend to use gloves when harvesting nettles, also plastic bag and a pair of scissors will be necessary tools for harvesting nettles. Remember also to protect your legs and arms!
When nettle is dried, cooked or crushed it will lose the stinging and you can eat it without the burning sensation. That’s why we will dry it with dehydrator or in oven, if you don’t own dehydrator.
After you have collected nettles rinse them really well with cold water to remove possible dirt from them and dry them gently with towel or salad spinner.
- One liter of nettle leaves
- 2 tbsp olive oil
- pinch of salt
- pinch of pepper
- Mix salt and pepper with olive oil and massage gently to nettles (remember to protect your hands from stinging!).
- Put the nettles for approximately 8 hours at 42 degrees Celsius into the dehydrator, you can also use your oven to dry your nettle chips.
I really love to snack nettle chips instead of regular ones, these taste amazing! Also you don’t have to worry about eating these too much, because these chips are so healthy and natural.
Have you ever tried nettle chips? Have you ever used nettle for cooking?


The Hispanic Farmers' Conference develops workshops based on the most influential issues affecting farmers today. In addition, the workshops are conducted by experts in all major agricultural industries.
|Track||Session 1||Session 2||Session 3||Session 4|
|Urban Farming||The Million Dollar Question:
Small scale agriculture funding programs and options for the direct market producer.
|Organic Matter. Where to find it!? Resources available to Urban Producers to help build soil health. Tapping into resource recovery options, composting and soil amendment alternatives.||Diversifying Sales Outlets. CSA, Farm to Work, Farmstand. Understanding and identifying market diversification opportunities available; how to enter and succeed in these settings. (Veggie Compass?)||Value Added Opportunities:
Turning excess product into profit. A discussion of market alternatives and best practices.
|Ranching||Grass Finished Beef from A to Z:
An overview into the grass fed industry including market outlook, operational challenges, grazing decisions and animal selection.
|Improving Pasture Performance: Grazing management strategies and practices intended to build soil health, improve water holding capacity and increase carrying capacity.||Genetics and Herd Health:
Building your herd. Understanding the importance of sire selection and strategic heifer retention in cow-calf operations. Discussion of common livestock diseases with prevention and treatment applications.
|Marketing. What the Butcher Looks for:
Understanding and selecting carcass characteristics to improve consistency and quality in finished beef.
|Farming||Show Me The Money!
Real world experiences in the Ag funding world along with representatives from SSARE, NRCS and FSA.
|Minimizing Input Costs. Using Cover Crops to boost soil Health.
Cover crop uses and varieties for hot and humid areas. Discussion of uses, benefits, best practices and available resources.
|Successful Planning for New Food Safety Laws:
Preparing for FISMA food safety law implementation. What you need to know and do, for fresh fruit and vegetable producers.
|Variety Selection and Pest Management:
Crop variety selection research developments along with a look into Sugar Cane Aphid issues and pest management strategies.


Farmers Parliament is the voice of Latvian farming.
Farmers Parliament (ZSA) is a member organisation / industry association for farmers in Latvia.
The Union was begun by 134 farmers in 1999 to ensure that the comercial farmers of Latvia are represented in communication with the government. The organisation has grown ever since and has become the largest farmers’ organisation in Latvia and one of the most influential unions in the country, reaching nearly 900 members, who together produce more than half of Latvian total agriculture produce. Farmers Parliament negotiates with the government and national organisations and institutions on behalf of Latvian farmers, as well as represents Latvian farmers’ interests at European Union level being a member in European Farmers umbrella organisation COPA/COGECA.


Destined not to be friends with growing things, I had an answer ready for whoever asked. "Well, it's because I'm more of a people person," I'd say. "I don't care for plants." When we bought our house three years ago, we inherited a dying garden bed of basil and tomato. I considered turning it into a sandbox for my children. Though I ignored it, the basil (that grows quite well in South Texas) continued to thrive. Eventually, my family and I ate of the biannual herbs and enjoyed them.
When the basil came to the end of its cycle, we missed it. It was during this time that my dear friend, Angela (a.k.a. The Master Gardener; read the poem I posted about her) asked if she could use our garden as "therapy." "Sure," I thought, "why not?" Gardening was necessary for her. We would chat while she worked on our garden, and I would closely observe her.
She cleaned out our garden bed and turned the soil over with her own compost, and proceeded to plant some new basil. She told me to keep an eye on it, and to water it about every other day. I learned how to properly trim it so that it would continue to grow after being harvested.
|The correct way to trim basil: look for the area where two leaves split, and trim right above it to ensure proper regeneration.|
|This was our garden in January (you can see basil, chives, lettuce, green beans and tomato).|
Our garden area looks different during different seasons, as does life (more on gardening, life and spiritual parallels in a future post). Angela recently moved to Florida. My family and I have continued the tradition of making our own compost and planting herbs and vegetables. We planted many of the same items this year, and have added corn. Most recently, I was overjoyed to discover that I was accepted to be a vendor at the Brownsville Farmers' Market! I will be selling some of our basil, chives and oregano, as well as value-added items like basil dressing, pesto and compound butters (keep your eyes peeled for when that will be!).
I do not know where this journey of growing food will take me, but I am enjoying the ride! I am convinced that people can learn how to do most anything, so long as they have a teacher that believes in them and inspires them. Who knows? Perhaps one day I will be a Master Gardener myself.
|One of my favorite things about gardening? It's a family affair. This is a picture of my daughter helping in the spring, shortly after she turned one-year old.|


Should MSAD #1 Keep The Harvest Break Recess Or Should They Eliminate It Altogether? [POLL]
A workshop is scheduled to be held in Presque Isle and hosted by the SAD #1 School Board. The workshop will entail hearing from the public as to whether or not they should keep the harvest break recess.
The County reported that the workshop is to be held on Monday, January 8 at 5:30 p.m. in the Board Conference Room at Presque Isle High School.
The format is scheduled to hear from 5 people who are for keeping the traditional harvest recess break and to hear from 5 people who are for doing away with it altogether.
Each speaker will have 5 minutes to speak to the board.
Historically, generations of youngsters in the County found themselves working the potato fields in order to help local farmers bring in the harvest.
Many local farmers are finding that fewer and fewer youngsters are signing up to help them and on top of that, there aren't as many potato farmers as there were many moons ago.
Some families take a vacation during the potato harvest, but years ago that was not the case. When it was harvest time; it was harvest time.
However, this is not the first time that County schools have re-evaluated whether or not they should take harvest recess.
In 2012, the Greater Houlton and Hodgdon School Districts did away with their harvest recess, but still allow students time off if they make up missed school work.
We'd like to know what you think.
Please take our quick poll below and let us know if you think SAD #1 should continue to keep the harvest recess, or if you think it's time to eliminate it altogether.


11. Food Systems
Our Vision: Vancouver’s resilient food system supports people, the environment and the economy. Residents have equitable access to food and food-related spaces and infrastructure.
Access to food is a basic human right and defining element of day-to-day life. Food systems, which include the infrastructure and processes needed for food production, processing, distribution, sales and waste management, are a key element of city building. Food plays a powerful role in connecting people to each other, their cultures, and the land and water. Food can be leveraged to build resilience, improve equity, support human and economic health outcomes, and reduce environmental impacts.
Directions and Policies
Direction 11.1: Equitable and Resilient Food System
Support the development of an equitable and resilient food system.
Utilize a holistic approach to sustain and grow food supply chains and community-based food initiatives in an equitable and resilient way. This involves working with partners, creating spaces to celebrate, grow and share food, increasing access to food and supporting a circular food economy.
|11.1.1||Improve food access across the city by supporting food-related retail and services (e.g., grocery stores, food banks, farmers markets, restaurants) and by expanding commercial-retail opportunities in more neighbourhoods. Include consideration for culturally appropriate options where possible.|
|11.1.2||Secure additional space, reduce barriers, and create incentives for food and medicine gardens, urban farms and harvesting to advance Reconciliation, increase opportunities for local food production, and build connection to land and waters.|
|11.1.3||Support and strengthen Vancouver’s food supply chains (such as food wholesale, retail, and manufacturing uses, food hubs, farmers markets, and urban farms) and address displacement of these critical food assets.|
|11.1.4||Leverage new development and/or community infrastructure to ensure integration of community food assets such as sites for cultural celebration, neighbourhood food storage, growing, harvesting, programming, and sheltered picnicking facilities.|
|11.1.5||Address climate change, biodiversity, water systems, and waste management through food system interventions (e.g., allocate corridors to urban farming, to enhance biodiversity).|
Food assets are places where people can grow, prepare, share, buy, receive or learn about food. There are two broad categories:
- The food supply chain (e.g., urban farms, food wholesale, retail, and manufacturing infrastructure)
- Community resources (e.g., urban agriculture and harvesting spaces, community kitchens, and locations for food sharing and celebration)


The Business of Selling Fresh Strawberries: A $7,000 Summer Venture
The Business of Selling Fresh Strawberries: A $7,000 Summer Venture
Few things embody the essence of summer like a luscious, sun-ripened strawberry. These vibrant red berries aren't just a seasonal delight; they can also be the heart of a profitable summer venture. In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the ins and outs of the fresh strawberry business and how you can turn it into a \$7,000 summer venture. Get ready to dive into the world of strawberry farming, from strawberry farming income to strawberry sales strategies, as we uncover the secrets to success in this sweet and rewarding industry.
The Strawberry Business Model
Starting a Strawberry Business
Embarking on a journey to build a fresh strawberry business begins with the decision to start your own strawberry farm. Selecting the right location, understanding soil conditions, and choosing the most suitable strawberry varieties are all essential steps in setting up your venture.
Starting small and gradually expanding your operation can be a prudent approach. This allows you to manage your resources efficiently and minimize risks during your initial foray into the world of strawberries.
Profitable Strawberry Cultivation
The heart of any strawberry farming income lies in cultivating the berries. Successful strawberry cultivation demands attention to detail. You'll need to learn the nuances of planting, caring for, and harvesting strawberries.
Consider both traditional soil-based methods and more contemporary hydroponic or container gardening approaches, depending on your resources and market demand. Each method comes with its own set of advantages and challenges.
Growing Fresh Strawberries
Strawberries require meticulous care, but the rewards are worth the effort. Ensure your strawberry plants receive adequate sunlight, are protected from pests, and receive proper irrigation. Attention to soil pH and nutrient levels is crucial for robust growth and maximum yield.
Remember that the growing season for strawberries is relatively short, typically spanning from late spring to early summer. Therefore, effective time and resource management are essential to make the most of this seasonal opportunity.
Strategies for Strawberry Sales
Seasonal Strawberry Venture
A seasonal strawberry venture requires you to capitalize on the relatively short strawberry season. Your timing must be impeccable to ensure that your strawberries hit the market when demand is at its peak.
Consider participating in local farmers' markets and setting up roadside stands to attract customers looking for the freshest strawberries. You can also explore partnerships with local restaurants and grocery stores.
Maximizing Strawberry Profits
To achieve your goal of a \$7,000 summer venture, you'll need to implement effective strawberry sales strategies. Here are some tips to maximize your strawberry profits:
Quality Assurance: Deliver strawberries at the peak of ripeness to ensure exceptional flavor and freshness.
Pricing Strategy: Price your strawberries competitively while emphasizing their superior quality.
Customer Engagement: Build relationships with your customers. Encourage them to return by offering loyalty rewards or discounts for repeat purchases.
Diversification: Consider value-added products such as strawberry jams, jellies, or baked goods to increase revenue.
Marketing: Leverage social media, local advertising, and word-of-mouth marketing to promote your strawberries and attract more customers.
Strawberry Market Analysis
Before diving into the market, conduct a thorough strawberry market analysis. Understand your competition, identify your target audience, and assess market trends. This research will help you tailor your strawberry business to meet consumer demands and preferences.
The Financial Benefits of Strawberry Farming
Sustainable Strawberry Business
A sustainable strawberry business is not only economically viable but also environmentally responsible. Implementing sustainable practices, such as organic farming, can attract eco-conscious consumers willing to pay a premium for eco-friendly produce.
By minimizing chemical use, conserving water, and reducing waste, you can not only contribute to a healthier environment but also lower operational costs and boost your bottom line.
Strawberry Crop Management
Effective strawberry crop management is vital to achieving consistent yields. This involves tasks such as pruning, weeding, and monitoring for pests and diseases. By staying ahead of potential issues, you can ensure the health and productivity of your strawberry plants.
Calculating Strawberry Farming ROI
Your strawberry farming ROI is a crucial metric in determining the financial success of your venture. To calculate ROI, consider both your income and expenses.
Strawberry Sales: Your primary income source is the direct sale of strawberries to consumers, markets, restaurants, or stores.
Value-Added Products: Revenue from products like jams or baked goods made from your strawberries can supplement your income.
U-Pick Operations: Allowing customers to pick their own strawberries can generate additional income.
Planting and Maintenance Costs: Include expenses related to acquiring strawberry plants, equipment, and ongoing maintenance.
Labor: Factor in labor costs, including hiring help for planting, harvesting, and daily farm operations.
Marketing Expenses: Account for costs associated with promoting your strawberries and business.
By tracking your income and expenses diligently, you can determine whether your strawberry venture is not only satisfying your taste buds but also proving profitable.
Marketing Fresh Strawberries
To achieve a $7,000 summer venture, you must excel in marketing fresh strawberries. Consider the following strategies:
Online Presence: Create a website or social media profiles to showcase your strawberries and engage with customers online.
Branding: Develop a memorable brand for your strawberry business. A strong brand can help differentiate your products in the market.
Local Partnerships: Collaborate with local restaurants, bakeries, and other businesses to feature your strawberries in their offerings.
Community Engagement: Participate in community events, sponsorships, or educational workshops to build a strong presence and loyal customer base.
Summer Berry Business Tips
As you embark on your strawberry venture, keep these summer berry business tips in mind:
Record Keeping: Maintain detailed records of expenses, sales, and crop management activities.
Flexibility: Be prepared to adapt to changing market conditions and unforeseen challenges.
Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest farming techniques and market trends.
Customer Feedback: Listen to customer feedback and use it to improve your products and services.
Enjoy the Process: Embrace the joy of farming strawberries, as your passion will reflect in your produce.
With the right mix of dedication, knowledge, and strategic planning, your fresh strawberry business can flourish, making your $7,000 summer venture a sweet and fruitful reality.


Jinan Zhengxin Livestock Breeding And Feed Equipment Co., Ltd. is a joint-stock company initiated by experts and scholars engaged in the research and production of animal husbandry feed machinery and equipment for many years. The company is located in Jinan, the capital of animal husbandry and feed in China and the capital city of Shandong Province. The company has strong technical strength, and has established long-term friendly cooperative relations with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Wuhan Academy of Food Science and Technology. The company will become a star of the animal husbandry and feed industry in Shandong Province.
The company mainly produces livestock feed equipment and complete sets of engineering design, and undertakes large and medium-sized compound feed mills with a single-shift production of 2,000 tons to 100,000 tons of feed processing plants, premixes and concentrate plants. It also provides equipment support and 24-hour timely maintenance services for livestock, animal husbandry and veterinary factories in large, medium and small feed factories. The company's research and design of small and medium-sized complete feed units with a capacity of 1-10 tons, with short construction period and reasonable design, has strong adaptability to small and medium-sized enterprises, and is well received by enterprises all over Shandong.
The company adheres to the enterprise tenet of “seeking for survival and seeking new development”. At the same time, we are always in love with the friends engaged in China's agriculture and animal husbandry, grasp the pulse of the times, and have excellent quality, reasonable price and perfect after-sales service. The way together with the livestock and feed colleagues will work hard for the prosperity of Chinese peasants and the prosperity of the great motherland.


Gardening to Give: Frederic’s Farm
The St. Vincent de Paul Conference at St. Ann’s in Marietta recently established a “Frederic’s Farm” garden to supplement their SVdP Food Pantry that has been in operation for over 40 years. The garden is an innovative way to bring conference members together on a purpose to help their clients and help raise awareness to their parish of the good works with their parishioners.
We have 4 raised planters containing a total of 27 plants. We are growing squash – zucchini and summer, peppers – jalapeno (many of our families like spicy) and a variety of sweet bell, tomatoes – different varieties of cherry and slicer, and cucumbers – pickling, Japanese and burpless. We will also be adding some pots of herbs this week,” said Karen Miller who is the creator of Frederic’s Farm and who is also in charge of the food pantry.
The opening of the garden was a true team effort by Conference members, Betsy Van Etten (Conference President), Kathy Gist, Barbara McLoughlin, and Karen Miller. “Our vision is to have fresh vegetables and herbs year-round to share with the families that visit our Food Pantry. We also plan to add fruit to the garden in a coming season,” Karen said.
The Fresh produce at the garden will provide vitamins and minerals that are important for everyone. For families with children, good nutrition is essential and plays an important role in their development and ability to learn. The garden is helping families be able to offer a healthy diet that will impact both their children’s academic achievement and overall life.
Access to healthy (especially fresh) food can be a challenge to families with limited resources. Often the lack of good nutrition over time can lead to obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Being able to offer fresh produce will help in the management and prevention of these diseases.” said Karen.
I have been blessed to serve in our Pantry for a number of years. During this time, I have gotten to know many of the families personally and experienced different health crisis with them. The inspiration for Frederic’s Farm was the hope to offer healthy and fresh choices that could help someone feel better, manage a health condition or provide their children with a healthy start. Our hope is for the garden to be a community effort and to share the joy in feeding families in need.
How Can You Help?
Outreach ministry, Food Well Alliance was able to give the Conference a lot of good advice on starting the garden. Here are some great ways that you can help as well:
There are many ways that you can get involved at the garden. The Conference will need people to help with the maintenance of the garden including planting, watering, weeding and of course picking all of the vegetables when they are ready! They are also asking people to send recipes to share with clients and their families, using items that are being grown and staples that they always have at the Pantry.
Another way that you can help and also donate is to plant a row or a pot at home to share with the Pantry. The Pantry also has a team of volunteers ready to pick up your vegetables if you are not able to get to the Pantry to drop off.
Garden Contact Information:
(770)552-6400 ex. 6105


Today I have been potting up some of the seedlings from the seeds sown a month ago (in the green trays). The seedlings all had their first set of 'real' leaves but I wasn't expecting the good root growth they had all made. I keep all my seedlings off the ground because of the slugs.
The cutting garden is slowing down. The Larkspur have finished, the Clary are nearly done. I am leaving the Nigella so that I can have seed pods.
|A dark scabious self-sown in the brick path with Aster frikartti 'Monch' in the background|
A job for the coming week will be to dig out all the forget-me-not and stipa tenuissima seedlings from the brick path and plant them in the borders. I will also be dividing plants to take to the environmental centre.
Incidentally, one of the plants I bought at the show is a chocolate mint. It smells like those peppermint creams that are covered in chocolate.


There are so many reasons why one would love African violets. They are easy to care for, produce wonderful blooms, and are so rewarding to propagate. Learn how to propagate African violets and grow your collection or share them with your friends.
There are many ways you can go about propagating African violets, we’ll show you step-by-step pictures of our favorite methods along with tips and tricks to make the process smoother. The success rate when it comes to propagating these is really high so you have nothing to fear. You will have your baby plants in no time. And you will have many.
Ready to start propagating? Read on!
How to Propagate African Violets
You can go about it by a few different ways;
- leaf propagation (water, soil, sphagnum moss…)
- crown cutting / plant division
- growing them from seeds
Do you need rooting hormone for propagating African violets?
You don’t need it, there is no harm in adding it but African violets will make roots just fine without it.
Once you have successfully propagated the plant, the care for the baby plant is the same as caring for African violet plants that are mature.
African Violet Propagation from Leaf
By far the easiest method and you won’t really hurt the aesthetics of mother plant.
The best leaves for propagation are mature leaves that aren’t too old. However, young and old leaves alike will be propagated just as easily. They might take a little longer to produce roots. So you can purposely choose a leaf for propagation or use any that gets broken off by accident – or, like in our case, gets broken off when the cat walks over the plant like a tank.
When cutting the leaf off, make sure to use sterile scissors or knives to prevent bringing any pathogens to your plant.
No matter what medium you choose for propagating your African violet, it is best to cut the petiole at an angle.
Propagating African Violet in Water
While propagating them in soil omits the need to plant them in soil, later on, propagating African Violets in water is a whole lot more fun as you can closely observe the roots and baby plants grow. It is completely normal to check the plant every 5 minutes to see if the roots have sprouted. That said, it can take a while before the first signs of growth, so don’t despair. As long as the leaf is healthy-looking, you are on the right track, even if you feel the bottom end looks a bit funky (almost like it would be decomposing a little).
Once you’ve cut your leaf (with petiole), just pop it in water. The leaf shouldn’t really touch the water, so make sure you pick the right container.
The water should be at room temperature. Tap water is OK most of the time, if you feel your tap water is heavy in minerals you can opt for filtered water instead. You won’t really need to change the water frequently unless it becomes murky. Top-up when necessary and change the water in a couple of weeks.
Place your cutting in a spot where it will receive lots of indirect light but not too much direct sun.
Now, wait and observe. After a week or two, depending on the season and the leaf, you should see the first signs of roots growing. But it can absolutely take more time; these can take their time, much like propagating a ZZ plant can take a while. Remember, as long as the leaf is firm and healthy, there is a chance for roots to grow.
First Root after Two Weeks
One of our leaves made its first root! The other two didn’t have any signs of roots yet. The second one started showing roots a few days. The third one, however, took over two weeks more (this was an ancient leaf).
The roots are progressing nicely on the first two. The photograph isn’t showing this the best, but the third one does look quite brown and mushy, but it will still make roots (soon).
After a while, all 3 made roots, and they are all growing stronger each day! You can notice new growth daily, so this really is a fun process to observe.
2 Months Later
After roughly two months, the first baby plants started appearing (in what seemed like an overnight thing). The roots are nice and strong, and from this moment on, things will start moving faster.
3 Weeks More
After roughly 3 more weeks, there are a ton of nicely grown baby plants present. Interestingly the oldest leaf that took the longest time to produce roots produced the most baby plants.
When your water propagated African violets reach this size, you can already pop them in soil, or you can return them into water and wait a little longer.
Separate the Baby Plant From Leaf
Gently separate the baby plant (with roots) from the petiole of the old leaf. You should be able to do it with your fingers, but if you are uncomfortable and fear you might damage the new plant, you can also cut away the old leaf. Just be sure to use sterilized tools.
Plant the baby plant in soil. General potting soil will be OK, but you can also get specialized soil for African violets.
Fill a small pot with soil.
Poke a hole in the middle (pencils are great for this).
Carefully place the baby plant in soil and cover the roots that might be poking out with soil. Water a little, don’t soak the soil.
When propagating plants, as the last step, we like to place the baby plants into a ziplock for a while. This will lock in the moisture and also keep any potential pests away. In the first couple of days, your baby plant might look a bit poorly but should bounce back and continue growing soon.
This is the plant after a week.
Propagating African Violet in Soil
How to propagate African violets in soil? Same as in water, just with less root observation. Cut the petiole the same way as you would for propagating it in water.
Fill a pot with potting soil and stick the leaf in. I shouldn’t be too deep. But even if you pushed it in too deep you can “correct” this issue later on.
The most hassle-free way of propagating African violets in the soil is to pop the pots with your plants into a clear container.
This way, you won’t have to worry about the watering routine as the water is locked in. Do open up the container every week or two to let the fresh air get in and to add water if necessary.
You can use any container, really, as long as it’s clear. This particular one is from a takeaway salad. Really handy!
Now all there is to do is wait. The roots will start developing relatively fast. Once the plant is secured with roots, you can remove some of the top layer of soil (really carefully) if you feel you’ve planted your leaf petiole too deep.
After weeks of waiting (months really) you will start seeing baby plants coming out of the soil.
Once the baby plants are big enough you can remove the old leaf. Cut it away with clean sharp scissors or knives.
You can absolutely try propagating the same leaf again.
How to Propagate African Violets by Separation (Crown or Pups)
If your African violet has multiple crowns or you see baby plants growing you can separate them from the mother plant (the separated part needs to have it’s own root system) and plant them into a new planter.
There! Now you know how to propagate African violets! 🙂


As part of every OAT (Overseas Adventure Travel) trip, they include what is known as “A Day in the Life,” where the group experiences everyday life with the locals. On this trip, it was a visit to a dairy farm in the village of Castelluccio. The family that owns the farm has about 100 acres of land, with views of olive trees that stretch for miles. I absolutely fell in love with the countryside of Sicily.
Their land is rich with beautiful fruit orchards overflowing with incredibly sweet persimmons and luscious prickly pears. The sun was high and warm as we wandered through the orchards, with the family patriarch plucking pears off the trees and doling out big slices for us to eat out of hand, his two trusty dogs trailing us.
|Prickly Pears for the taking|
When I thought the day couldn’t get any better, we went to their cheesemaking hut where we helped his son make fresh ricotta (okay, mostly he made it while we watched), which was still warm when we ate it at lunch. Nirvana!
When we returned to the house, the lovely matriarch of the family invited us to make bread with her. She uses an ancient kneading machine, the kind that has been used in rural villages for decades. We all took a turn at this and believe me, it was not easy. After the dough has been kneaded and has risen, it’s formed and then baked in a wood-fired stove where she’s also added some olive tree branches for flavor.
While the bread was baking, we walked through the olive groves to a spot under the trees where we enjoyed salumi, caciocavallo cheese, and champagne (to celebrate the anniversary of a couple on the trip). It was like a Food and Wine Magazine spread.
For lunch back at the house, they grilled fat pork sausages and tender chicken legs that had been rubbed with lemon, oregano, and olive oil, all washed down with homemade wine in mismatched glasses. Everything we ate had been grown or made on the farm. Whatever they don’t use for themselves, they use to barter with neighbors. This is life in a small, rural Italian village. Hard to believe we were not far from the bustling hill town of Ragusa, that is home to a Michelin starred restaurant. Talk about two extremes. And I loved both equally.
Ciao for now!


Our partnership with Farmers Harvest has allowed us the opportunity to work with some of America’s Finest, the farmers and growers who provide food for our tables. We work together to fulfill the unique requirements associated with their processing and handling operations. We have manufactured all types of conveyors, sorting tables, wash tables, sizers, etc. for their processing lines. We also build bulk haul bodies for their trucks.
- Equipment Design and Manufacturing
- Sweet Potato, White Potato, Apple, and Onion Processing Equipment
- Conveyors, Sorting Tables, Wash Tables, Sizers, etc.
- Bulk Transport Truck Bodies


“This course design has been a highlight of my career since its location, while strikingly obvious in hindsight, did not jump out at me after the first of several site visits and tours of the 12,000 acre estate. But once I strode over the plateau, with views which reminded me of the highlands of Scotland, I knew this would test the mettle of golfers who want to play courses that would challenge the professionals.”
– Donald Steel
Highlights of the Blue Ridge Mountain golf course include:
- Closely cut areas around greens provide many short game options.
- Use of bent grass gives the golfer fast surfaces, and fescue grasses add challenge and a contrast of color.
- A 150 slope measurement attests to the course’s degree of difficulty, and the rating of 75.1 strokes confirms it.
- Bio-filters are strategically placed around the golf course to protect the natural trout streams and rivers that originate within and surround Primland.
- Wetlands around the course remain untouched and are treated as environmentally sensitive areas.
- Electric golf carts are included with your greens fees.
- 25 dollar charge applies for use of the driving range. These fees are included in a daily green fee.
- Use of the putting greens is complimentary.
Address: 4621 Busted Rock Rd, Meadows of Dan, VA 24120, USA
Phone: +1 276-222-3827


By Elaine Simmons
Riotous spring pansies are well served by planning ahead. If you have outdoor window boxes or winter proof pots, plant your pansies in these containers now with fresh potting soil (not topsoil). They will look good this fall, now that the weather has cooled. They will likely “wilt” a bit (and look rather sorry) in the colder months of winter but, unless we have truly bitter cold, these same pansies will normally spring back to life in March or April, earlier and with more vigor than if you plant them in the spring. In this way you get two seasons of enjoyment out of the same plants.
Pansies disdain heat, so the short seasons of fall and early spring are when they flourish in this area. When the pansies get leggy and spent in May or June, you can replace them with annuals that tolerate summer heat. Right now, the nearby garden centers are well stocked with these plants. Brighter solid colors like yellow, orange, or white will “pop” against your house, or try a combo of contrasting colors like purple, yellow, and white. Pinch off spent blooms at the base of the stems to stimulate new flowers.
And don’t throw away the old potting soil! I keep big pots of it in the garage to use in making compost, combining it with vegetable scraps, coffee grounds/filters, tea bags, and dryer lint. After six weeks or so in bin, the depleted old soil is transformed into rich loam.