A great effort of re-establishing the extinct knowledge of Ayurveda and spreading it to each and every individual by publishing the Ancient handwritten manuscripts under this immaculate project is going on.
Ayurveda, 'Medicinal system' is not only ancient but scientific too. Many ancient and rare handwritten copies of ancient Ayurvedic manuscripts not only in India but in the world are available in various athenaeum and institutions. These are very useful for the mankind, however many of them are not published till now. A special effort has been taken by Acharya Balkrishan Ji to enlighten and spread this Ayurvedic knowledge to everyone. Hindi translation and perfect editing of these complex Sanskrit manuscripts is going under the 'Ancient Handwritten Ayurvedic Manuscripts Publication Project of Patanjali University'. Under this project following are the rare manuscripts that have been published till now.
Siddhsar-Samhita (Ravigupt-Virachit), Yogshatam (Amitprabhiyam), Yogshat-Vaidhyavallabha (Rupnayan-Virachit), Aurved-Mahodadhi/Sushen-Nighantu (Sushenvaidhya-Virachit), Bhojankutahalam (Raghunathsuri-Virachit), Azirnamrat Manjari (Kashinath-Virachit), Ruchivadhu-Gal-Ratnamala (Parpranav-Virachit), Harmekhla (Madhuk-Virachit), Yogratna Samuchchya (Chandrat-Virachit), Vaidyashatshloki (Avdhansarswati-Virachit), Chandra-Nighantu/Madnadi-Nighantu (Chandranandan-Virachit), Hrdayadeepak-Nighantu (Bopdev-Virachit), Rajnighantu, Sodhalnighantu (Sodhal-Virachit), Madanpalnighantu (Nrapmadanpal-Virachit), Dhanvantrinighantu (Mahendrabhogi-Virachit), Vaidhyaprasarkam (Vaidhya Gadadhar-Virachit).


Optimizing Outcomes In Pediatric Liver Transplant
Recalling the goal of providing a normal life for pediatric liver transplant recipients, transplant surgeon, Dr. George V. Mazariegos, discusses the current state of pediatric liver transplant in this latest CME offering from the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC. The presentation provides a review of the determinants of early outcomes, surgical and medical factors that impact long term survival, and the assessment of the pediatric transplant recipient following surgery.
Publish Date: 06/30/2011
Total Viewing Time: 29 minutes
Number of Videos: 1
View the full course


APA (United states emotional Association) is considered the most widely used to cite sources for wellness sciences and sciences fields that are social. This guide, revised in line with the 5th edition associated with APA manual, provides examples for in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, as well as your guide list or bibliography web web page.
Why do I need to cite my sources?
- To show you have got considered other people’ research.
- To direct visitors to extra information.
- To ascertain credibility being a researcher that is careful.
- To exhibit expert honesty and courtesy.
To see samples of citations for numerous supply kinds , begin to see the handout APA fast Sheet .
You are quoting your source directly, and the type of source you are quoting how you cite a working within your document varies depending on your writing style, whether.
Whenever making use of APA structure, proceed with the writer, date approach to in-text citation. Which means that the author’s final title and also the 12 months of book when it comes to supply should come in the writing, e.g., (Jones, 1998), and a reference that is complete can be found in the guide list at the conclusion associated with paper.
You only have to make reference to the author and year of publication in your in-text reference if you are referring to an idea from another work but not directly quoting the material, or making reference to an entire book, article or other work.
Check out types of in-text citations:
If you’re directly quoting from the work, through the writer, of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by “p.”) year. Introduce the quotation with a sign phrase that features the author’s final name followed closely by the date of book in parentheses.
Based on Jones (1998), “Students usually had trouble APA that is using style specially when it had been their very first time” (p. 199). Jones (1998) discovered “students usually had trouble making use of APA style” (p. 199); exactly what implications performs this have for teachers? In the event that writer just isn’t known as in a sign phrase, position the author’s final title, the entire year of book, therefore the page quantity in parentheses following the quote. She claimed, “Students frequently had trouble APA that is using style” (Jones, 1998, p. 199), but she would not provide a conclusion as to why.
Direct quotations much longer than 40 terms should always be in a block that is free-standing of lines, and omit quote markings. Begin the quote on a brand new line, indented five areas through the margin that is left. Type the entire quote from the brand brand new margin, and indent the first type of any subsequent paragraph inside the quotation five areas through the margin that is new. Preserve double-spacing throughout. The parenthetical citation should come following the closing punctuation mark.
Jones’s (1998) research discovered the immediate following:
pupils usually had trouble APA that is using style specially when it absolutely was their very first time citing sources. (p. 199)
Summary or Paraphrase
Whenever paraphrasing, talk about mcdougal and 12 months of book in your in-text guide, but APA instructions encourage you to definitely additionally offer the web web web page number (not necessary.)
Based on Jones (1998), APA design is a hard citation format for first-time learners. APA design is just a hard citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199).
Citing A writer or Writers
Two writers: Name both writers into the sign expression or perhaps into the parentheses each time you cite the job. Utilize the word “and” between the writers’ names in the text and make use of the ampersand when you look at the parentheses.
3 to 5 writers: List most of the authors within the sign expression or perhaps in parentheses the time that is first cite the origin.
In subsequent citations, just utilize the first writer’s final name accompanied by “et al.” in the sign expression or perhaps in parentheses.
Six or higher writers: utilize the author that is first name accompanied by et al. within the sign expression or in parentheses.
Unknown Author: If the task doesn’t have an writer, cite the foundation by its name when you look at the sign expression or utilize the first term or two when you look at the parentheses. Titles of publications and reports are underlined or italicized; games of articles and chapters have been in quote markings.
Organization being a writer: In the event that author is a company or perhaps a federal federal federal government agency, mention the business in the sign expression or in the citation that is parenthetical first-time you cite the origin.
Then use only the abbreviation in later citations if the organization has a well-known abbreviation, include the abbreviation in brackets the first time the source is cited and.
Two or higher Works in identical Parentheses: as soon as your parenthetical citation includes a couple of works, purchase them the same manner they come in the guide list, divided by a semi-colon.
Two or higher functions the exact same writer in exactly the same 12 months: when you yourself have two sources because of the same writer in identical 12 custom essay service online months, usage lower-case letters (a, b, c) using the 12 months to purchase the entries into the reference list. Utilize the lower-case letters utilizing the 12 months into the in-text citation.
Personal Communication: For interviews, letters, emails, along with other person-to-person communication, cite the communicator’s title, the fact it ended up being individual interaction, as well as the date regarding the communication. Don’t add communication that is personal the guide list.
By using a supply that has been cited an additional supply, title the first supply in your sign phrase. Record the source that is secondary your reference list you need to include the secondary supply within the parentheses.


The Wapping Group and the Cutty Sark
The Wapping Group have painted the majestic Cutty Sark regularly since 1946 and were also given the wonderful opportunity to visit the site and record the restoration of the ship after the fire of 2007. Here is a selection of the group’s drawings, paintings and photographs relating to the iconic vessel.
Above left: ‘The Cutty Sark after dark’ by Steven Alexander
Above right: ‘Repainting the Cutty Sark’ by Robin Mackervoy
Above: two small studies of the Cutty Sark by Steven Alexander.
Recording the restoration process
Above and below: Messrs Holmes, Banning, Penny, Bryce, Beckett, Killens and Chamberlain on site.
Above right : a study of the restoration by Fred Beckett.
Below: John Bryce’s picture of the restoration reproduced on a grand scale.
Above left: John Killens’ painting ‘Well below the waterline’
Above right: another study of the restoration by John Killens.
After the restoration of the Cutty Sark
Above left: a drawing by John Bryce of the newly-restored Cutty Sark.
Above right: a linocut by John Bryce based on the drawing.
Below is an article focusing on the Cutty Sark written by John Bryce for ‘Multiples’, the journal of the Society of Wood Engravers, number 18 (May 2013). We are grateful to John and to the Chairman, Harry Brockway, for granting us permission to include this very interesting piece in our website ‘Features’ section.


This collection is accessible under an assertion of fair use for purposes of research, education, and scholarship. Some items in this collection may be protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S.C.). Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of copyright owners. Responsibility of their use rests entirely on the individual. The Indianapolis Museum of Art at Newfields does not own copyright to these materials, however, the archives has made every effort to provide accurate information about the copyright holder whenever possible. The archives is eager to hear from any copyright owners so the archives can provide the appropriate information to interested researchers. If you have information please contact the Archives, Indianapolis Museum of Art at Newfields, 4000 Michigan Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46208 or firstname.lastname@example.org.


Welcome to Sri Lankaramaya Library management system.
The evidence of Buddhist texts written in temples in Sri Lanka goes back as far as the first century BC. Over the ages the temple libraries, or ‘Pothgul’, were a major educational tool for monks and nuns as well as the general public until modern educational systems were developed.
It is our duty to share the values of over 2500 year old culture with our multicultural society and let our younger generation smell the scent of our traditions and practices in the light of Buddhist heritage. The major objective of this library is to offer a comprehensive book collection that relates to Buddhist culture and is not freely available in other community libraries.
At present over one thousand books are available in the library which caters to the young up to senior citizen. The majority of these books are written in Sinhala and are associated with Buddhist teaching but a considerable number of books written in English are also available.
Apply for Membership


With an Eagle’s Eye – a Seven-Day Sojourn in Celtic Spirituality
November 11, 2023 @ 9:30 am - 11:30 am EDT
Presenter: Joann Caramanico
Please note the book “With an Eagle’s Eye … A Seven-Day Sojourn in Celtic Spirituality” (by John Miriam Jones, S.C.) will be used and can be purchased on Amazon.com or check your local library.
Come join us this fall season as we journey together into the richness and beauty of the Celtic Spiritual tradition. With our book as our guide, we will explore the Celtic Way and, in the process, hopefully discover how our prayer life, relationship with God and our relationship with all of creation can be enriched and deepened by this beautiful, ancient yet ever new tradition.
If you wish to reserve a spot for this retreat please email [email protected].
Payments should be made out to the Daughters of Divine Charity and brought to your retreat or mailed to 850 Hylan Blvd., Staten Island, NY 10305.


We could not have asked for better weather for our final Lunch on the Lawn for the summer! Romer's Catering did a fantastic job of preparing an amazing and tasty lunch for all of those who attended. And let's not forget the wonderful Higgins Madewell who kept the entire crowd entertained for the entire event!
It's sad that there won't be another Lunch on the Lawn until next summer, but this one definitely sent us off with a bang! We'll just have to contain our enthusiasm and excitement for another year until we can all start getting together on the beautiful library lawn for good times and loads of laughter.
We here at Main Street Greenville are so thankful for this wonderful community, and the love that each person has for each other. The Greenville Public Library has also been a great host for the outdoor lunches, providing everyone with a breathtaking landscape to relax and enjoy some delicious food. Not to mention the library's generous donations of many interesting free books for all of the events. We are also thankful for the United Methodist Church for providing us use of their space for our July Lunch on the Lawn, that was unfortunately relocated because of rain.
Most of all, we want to thank those who came to support this amazing community we have, and the lovely businesses who help keep it that way! Downtown Greenville is definitely the place to be!


I am an Assistant Professor at the School of Library and Information Sciences at North Carolina Central University in Durham, North Carolina. Previously, I was a Research Program Officer at Educopia Institute, a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Program on Information Science at the MIT Libraries and a faculty instructor at the School of Information and Library Science at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (UNC SILS).
My research focuses on the use and users of born-digital cultural heritage materials, ranging from legacy software to archived web pages. Working at the intersection of digital preservation, information science, and sociotechnical systems, my research asks: what do different communities of practice value about their interactions with born-digital information? How are epistemological practices (or “ways of knowing”) changing and how is this consequential for building sustainable knowledge environments?
For the past ten years, I have worked in embedded settings with library technologists, practitioners, and faculty on the design and development of digital research infrastructure. These grant-funded, applied research initiatives have included the following:


- Nov 10, 2006
Voters in Jamestown Township, near Grand Rapids, rejected a renewal of an operations millage for the community’s public library Tuesday, leaving the library’s future in doubt. Those leading the effort said the library was indoctrinating children.
Voters in Jamestown Township, a politically conservative community in Ottawa County, rejected renewal Tuesday of a millage that would support the Patmos Library. That vote guts the library's operating budget in 2023 — 84 percent of the library's $245,000 budget comes from property taxes collected through a millage.
Without a millage, the library is likely to run out of money sometime late next year, said Larry Walton, library board president. "I wasn't expecting anything like this," Walton told Bridge Michigan Tuesday. "The library is the center of the community. For individuals to be short sighted to close that down over opposing LGBTQ is very disappointing."
Voters on Tuesday rejected the millage renewal by a 25-point margin — 62 percent to 37 percent — on the same day voters approved millages for road improvements and the fire department.
When the Patmos staff and elected board of directors declined to remove the books from the library's collection, some upset residents organized an effort to defeat the library's millage renewal.
The group, called Jamestown Conservatives, passed out flyers at the town's Memorial Day parade that referenced "Gender Queer: a Memoir," a Pride Month display at the library and a director who, in the group's words, "promoted the LGBTQ ideology."
"Pray that we can make changes and make the Patmos Library a safe and neutral place for our children," the flyer said.
But Walton didn't appear ready to compromise Tuesday. He said he didn't believe the library needed a wake-up call and shouldn't remove books.
"A wake-up call to what? To take LGBTQ books off the shelf and then they will give us money? What do you call that? Ransom?
"We stand behind the fact that our community is made up of a very diverse group of individuals, and we as a library cater to the diversity of our community," he said.


Article processing charges (APCs)
Polarforschung is committed to the open-access model of publishing. This ensures free web access to the results of research and maximum visibility for published papers.
Publication of all kinds of contributions in Polarforschung is free of charge for authors. The costs (article processing charges) of the review process, typesetting, web publication, and long-term archiving are covered by the German Society for Polar Research (DGP) and the Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI).
What is included in the article processing charges?
- all online tools for authors, editors, and reviewers;
- professional processing of figures;
- typesetting, editing, and formatting in PDFLaTeX;
- English language copy-editing;
- immediate open-access publication of each article;
- article alert service;
- indexing in international scientific databases and reference services;
- long-term archiving via Portico and CLOCKSS, as well as a number of national libraries.


Events commemorating the 80th anniversary of the extermination of the Brzesko Jewish community started on Saturday, September 10 with the visit of the descendants of Brzesko Jews to the regional museum, where on behalf of the Association “Memory and Dialog. Common History” they were welcomed by Anna Kudła and Zuzanna Peters-Musiał. Part of the permanent exhibition of the museum is dedicated to the history of Brzesko Jews. The moment when Jakob Reifen found in the Book of Remembrance the names of his relatives murdered in the Holocaust was particularly touching.
At 3.00 pm there took place the presentation of diplomas and prizes for the participants of the photo competition “Traces of the Jewish Community in Brzesko” co-organized by the association “Memory and Dialogue. Common history” and the Brzesko public library based on the original idea of Mr Daniel Nalepka.
The director of the library, Mrs Karina Legutek, presented to the audience the objectives and rules of the competition; the chairperson of the Association, Anna Brzyska, introduced the participants to the history of Brzesko Jews, and the jury member, journalist Marek Kołdras, spoke in a very moving way about the submitted photos. Brzesko deputy mayor, dr Grzegorz Brach, presented the awards to the winners – Nina Dubiel for the photo “Peaceful” and Ireneusz Węglowski for the photo “Tree of Life”, and all participants of the competition received diplomas.
The awards ceremony was followed by the opening of the post-competition exhibition prepared by Mr. Daniel Nalepka, where one could see the photos of all competition participants. The descendants of Brzesko Jews present at the event were particularly moved by this exhibition. Mr. Jakob Reifen saw his grandfather’s tombstone in one of the photos; others looked at the pictures of matzevot and Brzesko tenement houses with traces of mezuzahs – the only material trace of their former Jewish inhabitants…
A conference dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the extermination of Brzesko Jews started at 4 pm. The first speaker was Dr. Roman Gieroń from the Institute of National Remembrance, who presented a historical outline on Aktion “Reinardt” in the Krakow district. Thanks to this historical introduction, the audience could understand the broader context of the Holocaust in Brzesko and vicinity.
Dr. Anna Brzyska focused on the history of the Brzesko Jewish community – the development of this community before World War II and the fate of Brzesko Jews during the Holocaust.
The historian Lucjan Kołodziejski shared about the Jews from his village of Borzęcin, and the next presentation by Weronika Salamon, a student of Brzesko high school, was dedicated to the story of one Jewish girl from Okocim, Rifka Passler.
Karolina Korwin, Hanna Pajor and Karolina Szewczyk from the primary school in Wojakowa, shared about the destiny of Wojakowa Jews during the Holocaust and Righteous Poles who risked their lived to save them. It should be mentioned that the last two presentations were prepared on the basis of the winning papers presented at the 5th edition of the “We know your names” competition. The full texts of these papers can be found on the Association’s website.
The last speaker was Mrs Mala Meyer from Israel, who very emotionally told the story of her late mother, Sara Felsenstein, who, while being a prisoner of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, was saved by Brzesko-born Mala Zimetbaum. It was impossible to remain indifferent to this testimony.
After the conference, the exhibition “Mala Zimetbaum – the Brzesko-born heroine of Auschwitz” was opened. Due to the exhibition, this extraordinary young woman, whose heroism has been described in numerous articles, books, dramas and even an opera, is returning to her hometown. The exhibition was prepared by Anna Brzyska, and the graphic design – by Katarzyna Kostecka; it can be viewed in the Brzesko culture center till October 10.
The second day of the events commemorating the 80th anniversary of the extermination of the Brzesko Jewish community started with the March of Remembrance. It was for the eighth time that we gathered at Kazimierz Wielki Square, from which, in September 1942, the Jews of Brzesko were sent to the Bełżec extermination camp. That’s how these days were recalled by one of the few survivors, Leib Epstein:
“On the second day of Rosh Hashana 1942 – on Sunday afternoon, the Gestapo from Tarnow arrived and the liquidation action began. During the action, I was hiding outside the town and I did not see it myself. All I could hear was the incessant shooting. The action lasted two days, on Monday and Tuesday.
The Poles told me that the course of the “action” was as follows: the Gestapo men chased Jews to the marketplace, made them kneel until they gathered the entire Jewish population. Then they lined them up in fives and chased them to the Słotwina station, which is located two kilometers outside the town. At the station, the train had been already prepared. Brzesko Jews were loaded on the train and taken somewhere. Nobody returned.”
This year – for the first time after the pandemic – 94-year-old Holocaust survivor Dov Landau and descendants of several families of Brzesko Jews – the Teemans, Hartmans, Reifen and Westreichs – came to Brzesko. Many people have joined commemorative events: the consul of the Federal Republic of Germany, Mrs. Dagmar Hillebrand; Deputy Director of the Department of the Institute of National Remembrance in Krakow Dr.Michał Wenklar, Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Jewish Religious Community in Krakow Mr. Tadeusz Jakubowicz, Rabbi Eliezer Gurary, Brzesko parish priest Józef Drabik, representatives of the city council and Brzesko poviat authorities, police, cultural institutions and several schools. Scouts handed out cards with the names and photos of Holocaust victims. But first of all many Brzesko residents have joined the March of Remembrance.
Deputy Mayor Dr. Grzegorz Brach greeted everyone on behalf of the city authorities and then Mrs Iwona Leś read the letter addressed to the participants of the March of Remembrance by the Chief Rabbi of Poland, Michael Schudrich: “…Today’s Brzesko is so dedicated and committed to remembering its Jewish neighbors, remembering how Catholics and Jews built this city together and remembering that it is up to today’s citizens of Brzesko to remember and never forget the Jews of the town. Once again Brzesko is a model for all of Poland on how to maintain and develop communal memory…”
Especially moving was the testimony of Brzesko-born Dov Landau, who as a young boy witnessed the murder of his entire family, was imprisoned in 5 concentration camps, but survived, emigrated to Israel and recreated a family there.
From Kazimierz Wielki Square, we went to the synagogue building at Pushkina st. The March was led by the flagship group from the Brzesko high school.
The sounds of prayers resounded by the plaque commemorating the victims of the Holocaust from Brzesko and vicinity. Father Drabik prayed with the words of one of the psalms; Rabbi Gurary and Dov Landau recited Jewish prayers. We were all together in this memory. Deputy Mayor Grzegorz Brach, Member of the Polish Parliament Józefa Szczurek-Żelazko, Deputy Staroste of the Brzesko Poviat Maciej Podobiński, Poviat Police Commander in Brzesko insp. Bogusław Chmielarz, consul Dagmar Hillebrand, representatives of the World Union of Home Army Soldiers headed by Krzysztof Bigaj, city councilors, Dr. Wenklar, Mr. Jakubowicz, director of the Brzesko Cultural Center Ewelina Stępień, director of the Public Library Karina Legutek, representatives of the Brzesko high school and association “Memory and dialogue. Common History” offered flowers and lit candles to honor the memory of the murdered Brzesko Jews.
The next point of the March of Remembrance was the Jewish cemetery at Czarnowiejska st., where the mass graves of the victims of the Holocaust are located. We walked in silence along the road that the Jews of Brzesko had to walk when taking to the cemetery the bodies of their relatives murdered in the ghetto.
“The remaining Jews were forced to carry the bodies to their cemetery and bury them in mass graves. They performed this task together with their women and children. They dug large pits at the cemetery, gathered the bodies all over the city and carried them to the cemetery in self-made hand-barrows till late at night.
For Brzesko Jews, this duty was yet another tragic experience beyond their strength. Exhausted by fear, pain, suffering, they struggled carrying their dead ones along the side streets towards the cemetery. Surviving elderly men, women and children tried to help each other in their devoted efforts to fulfil this painful duty…” (Władysław Myśliński, 1978)
After laying flowers and lighting candles by the plaque commemorating Brzesko Holocaust victims, the participants of the March of Remembrance walked to the Jewish cemetery at Czarnowiejska st.
Information boards prepared by the Association “Memory and Dialogue. Common history.” (author of the graphic design Damian Styrna, contractors Dariusz Jaworek and Ewa Dagnan-Jaworek; project co-financed by Forum for Dialogue) were unveiled at the cemetery. Brzesko scouts gave to all the participants cards with the map of the cemetery and a short description of individual boards. This project is of particular importance because it brings back the history of the Brzesko Jewish community, its development before the war and extermination in the Holocaust. The cemetery will no longer be a silent place with incomprehensible inscriptions on tombstones. 14 information boards provide an overview of the history of Brzesko Jews, share the stories of people who played important roles in the Jewish community – such as rabbis from the Lipschitz dynasty, teacher Arie Schachter, sofer Eliezer Herbstman, shojchet Juda Kaufman – and in the general community the town (longtime councilor Abe Lieber and mayor Henoch Klapholz); two information boards tell the story of the extermination of Brzesko Jews. The texts on the boards are in 2 languages, Polish and English, and have QR codes redirecting to the Association’s website (www.brzesko-briegel.pl/en), where one can find longer articles devoted to these topics.
Information boards were officially unveiled by the Deputy Mayor Dr. Grzegorz Brach and Brzesko-born Holocaust survivor Dov Landau.
After unveiling the information boards, we moved to the grave of Chaim Jakob (Mundek) and Cyla Strauber, which since 2017 has been marked by a simple wooden matzeva put up by the “Forgotten” foundation. Representative of the Central Rabbinical Commission on Jewish Cemeteries, Mr. Aleksander Schwarz located this grave thanks to the testimony of the late Janina Kaczmarowska, who had been friends with Mundek and Cila before the war and had witnessed their death and burial in the cemetery. Now, 80 years after the spouses had been shot by the Germans, the burial place of Mundek and Cyla has been properly commemorated. It became possible thanks to the cooperation between our Association, the “Forgotten” Foundation and “The Matzevah” Foundation. You can read more about the tragic love and death of Mundek and Cyla here: https://brzesko-briegel.pl/en/2022/04/05/2-mundek-and-cyla-strauber/
Perhaps the most touching part of the commemorative events was the ceremony by the mass graves. Descendants of several Jewish families from Brzesko read the names of their murdered relatives, and then the director of the Brzesko high school, Ryszard Ostrowski, read the names of 57 Jewish students of his school murdered during the war. Together, it was only 97 names out of several thousand Jews from Brzesko and Brzesko poviat murdered during the Holocaust years, but these people – and due to them also other Holocaust victims – ceased to be numbers, became real people. Mr. Landau talked about his beautiful aunt Mirla, who was shot in Brzesko, Jehuda Hartman’s voice trembled when he read the names of 7-year-old Maxi, 5-year-old Bubi and 3-year-old Herschl Zimetbaum murdered in Auschwitz…
Voices of praying Jews resounded over the cemetery, Karolina Kotra played the violin, and we had some quite time to think about all the murdered. May their souls be bound in the bundle of life.
When commemorating the murdered Jewish community of Brzesko, we want to remember not only the tragic death, but also lives of people who lived in Brzesko for several centuries – grew up, went to schools, got married, started families, worked, celebrated, dreamed of a better life for their children and grandchildren. That is why it was already for the fourth time that we organized an evening of Jewish culture this year.
Similar to previous years, Jewish dishes cooked by the members of the Association were waiting for everyone in the building of the Municipal Culture Center. Unfortunately, we do not have photos from this part of the event, but I would like to take this opportunity to introduce you to the members of our Association. The board includes Anna Brzyska, vice-president Anna Kudła, who has been responsible for organizing many aspects of this year’s events, and treasurer Bogdan Brzyski, who oversees the financial side of our activities. In addition, the Association includes: Damian Styrna – the author of the graphic projects of all our commemorations, Agnieszka Herbert-Styrna, Zuzanna Peters-Musiał, Małgorzata Cuber, Bernadeta Styczeń, Magdalena Sowa, Dorota Pstrąg, Mieszko Musiał, Agnieszka Musiał, Grzegorz Bach and Bogusław Sambor. Most of these people do not need to be introduced to Brzesko residents.
Having tasted various Jewish cookies, everybody moved to the auditorium, where a concert of klezmer music was to begin. Before that happened, however, we had a surprise prepared especially for the descendants of Brzesko Jews. Dov Landau last saw his parents, siblings and grandparents 80 years ago; the descendants of the Teeman, Hartman-Zimetbaum and Reifen families never saw their murdered relatives. And now, thanks to Daniel nalepka’s many hours of work, instead of old faded photos, we saw these people’s live faces on the big screen – smiling, looking at us. These short animations, after many decades of non-existence, as if brought the murdered Brzesko Jews back to life.
And the culmination of this day full of emotions was the concert of the Klezmorim Trio band – singing and playing the viola by Karolina Stasiowska, the accordion by Marcin Wiercioch, the double bass by Piotr Poludniak. Maybe I’ll just say that even a former prisoner of 5 concentration camps, 94-year-old Mr. Landau could not help but dance. (Sorry for the quality of the video made with my mobile phone, but at least I could record not only a piece of the Klezmorim Trio performance, but also Dov Landau dancing.)
Finally, I would like to thank once again all those present at the 80th anniversary of the extermination of Brzesko Jews and to all the organizers of these commemorative events:
- Members of the Associaiton “Memory and dialogue. Common history” – our joint efforts, taking care of all the details, allowed us to create something very special and moving;
- Brzesko Town Hall, mayor Tomasz Latocha, deputy mayor Grzegorz Brach, employees of the strategy and development department of the Town Hall, and especially Iwona Leś for organizing the March of Remembrance and general support for our activities;
- The Poviat and City Public Library in Brzesko, the director of the library Karina Legutek and Monika Sacha for the co-organization of the photo competition, post-competition exhibition and conference dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the extermination of Brzesko Jews;
- Municipal Cultural Center in Brzesko, its director Ewelina Stępień and all employees for providing technical support of the events, and Katarzyna Kostecka for preparing the graphic design of the exhibition dedicated to Mala Zimetbaum;
- Brzesko high school, its director Ryszard Ostrowski and school youth for participation in the March of Remembrance; for remembering the Jewish students of the school murdered in the Holocaust; for the fact that the Brzesko high school is truly a School of Dialogue;
- scouts from the Brzesko primary school, who devotedly helped with the organization of the March of Remembrance;
- graphic artist Daniel Nalepka, who selflessly dedicated many hours of work and his heart to the post-competition exhibition “Traces of memoryt” and exceptionally moving short animations based on the photos of murdered relatives of the descendants of Brzesko Jews who came to our events;
This is a tragic anniversary, we remember – and we will remember – the thousands of victims of the Holocaust. However, life always triumphs death, and the best proof of this – Dov Landau and the descendants who every year come to the hometown of their ancestors.
Photos used in this article come from Bogusław Hajduk, Krzysztof Wasyłek and from the websites of the Brzesko Town Hall, the Poviat and City Public Library in Brzesko and the Brzesko the Municipal Culture Center.
© Anna Brzyska, 2022


The documentation at http://www.highcharts.com/docs/export-m ... the-server for setting up highcharts-export-server states to copy in the highcharts.js, highcharts-more.js, etc. files into the phantomjs directory of the cloned repository, modify the resources.json, and build the jar file.
However, we've found it easier to create a custom phantomjs folder in the classpath of our own application's war file and place our files there. These files are then found via the classpath resource scanning performed in ServerObjectFactory and extracted from the war for use. Then we provide an explicit resources JSON configuration in the SVGConverter.convert call, which allows us to use a pristine version of highcharts-export-server without any of our modules or customizations added to the highcharts-export-server library.
Because this is so convenient for the client, could this configuration method be added to the documentation and supported in future versions? We'd like to perform more frequent updates to the highcharts-export-server as they become available (previously we'd not updated for a year), so if this could be a standard configuration option that would really help (especially since it's already available and ready in the current version)!
Thanks for your consideration!


Servais Theodore Pinckaers was born in Liege (Belgium) in 1925 and raised in the village of Wonk (now part of the commune of Bassenge) in Belgium’s Walloon region. In 1945 he entered the Dominican Order and pursued his studies in theology at the Belgian Dominican studium at La Sarte, obtaining his license in theology (1952) under the direction of Jerome Hamer, writing his thesis (tesina) on Henri de Lubac’s Surnaturel. He pursued doctoral studies at the Pontificia Universit San Tommaso d Aquino (familiarly known as the "Angelicum"), attending the classes of such notables as Garrigou-Lagrange, Paul Philippe and Mario Luigi Ciappi. His dissertation, written under the direction of Louis-Bertrand Gillon, was a study of the medieval theology of hope, entitled “La vertu d’espérance de Pierre Lombard à saint Thomas” (1954).
Upon completion of his studies, Fr. Pinckaers returned to the Dominican Studium at La Sarte to teach moral theology. He was there from 1954-1965. It was there that Fr. Pinckaers undertook his first efforts to renew our understanding of moral theology, foreshadowing the Vatican Council’s call to renewal by several years. The fruits of these labors, which had been published as articles in various places, were subsequently drawn together in his groundbreaking study, Le renouveau de la morale (1964). It was also at La Sarte that he wrote the textual analysis and commentary for Questions 6 through 21 of the Prima Secundae (i.e., Aquinas’ treatise on Human Acts) for the Revue des Jeunes’ bilingual edition of the Summa Theologiae. Fr. Pinckaers refers to his time at La Sarte, both as a student and later as a professor, as the time when he attained the insights that he would subsequently present and develop in his later work. The central insights were (1) the primacy of the Word of God, as a living Word that speaks to every generation and which is higher than any merely human word ; (2) the foundational importance of the fathers of the Church, especially Augustine ; and (3) the lasting value of St. Thomas’ method and insights (cf. S.-Th. Pinckaers, "My Sources," Communio [American Edition] 26  : 913-915).
After the Studium at La Sarte was closed in 1965, Fr. Pinckaers went to the Dominican priory at Liege and engaged in pastoral ministry for the next eight years, years that shaped the pastoral concern expressed in much of his work. Then, in 1975 he was called to fill the French language chair in fundamental moral theology at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, where he taught for the next twenty-five years. As emeritus professor he remained in Fribourg, in residence at the international Dominican priory of St. Albert the Great (the “Albertinum”), until his death on 7 April 2008. He was eighty-two.
His most well-known work in English is The Sources of Christian Ethics (1995), which has been well-received by a surprisingly varied cross-section of the Church in America. Other works in English include Morality : the Catholic View (2001), The Pursuit of Happiness : Living the Beatitudes (1998), and the collection of his essays, The Pinckaers Reader : Renewing Thomistic Moral Theology (2005). See also the essay, “The Sources of the Ethics of St. Thomas Aquinas,” in The Ethics of Aquinas (2002). Among his other works are La faim de l’Evangile (1977) ; La justice évangélique (1986) ; Ce qu’on ne peut jamais faire. La question des actes intrinsèquement mauvais : Histoire et discussion (1986) ; La Prière chrétienne (1989) ; L’Evangile et la morale (1991) ; La morale catholique (1991) ; and La vie selon L’Esprit : Essai de théologie spirituelle selon saint Paul et saint Thomas d’Aquin (1996). In 2001, he wrote a new textual analysis and commentary for the first five questions of the Prima Secundae (i.e., Aquinas’ treatise on happiness) for the second edition of the Revue des Jeunes’ bilingual edition of the Summa Theologiae (Traduction et commentaire du traité de la béatitude [Ia-IIae, qq. 1-5]). After a period of inactivity following a heart attack, Fr. Pinckaers published, A la découverte de Dieu dans les Confessions (2002), the first of a two volume study of St. Augustine whose general title is : En promenade avec saint Augustin. He also published Plaidoyer pour la vertu (2007), which was one of three works to receive an honorable mention as runners up for the Grand Prix catholique de littérature for 2007. In the year before his death, Fr. Pinckaers prepared several texts for publication, among them Passions et vertu (2009).
Servais Pinckaers served on several Roman commissions, including the Commission that wrote the Catechism of the Catholic Church, contributing to the moral section, and the preparatory commissions for the encyclical Veritatis Splendor. From 1992 until 1997, he was a member of the International Theological Commission.


Galin Tihanov, (PhD, Sofia; DPhil, Oxon), MAE
George Steiner Professor of Comparative Literature and SLLF Director of Graduate Studies
Email: firstname.lastname@example.orgTelephone: +44 (0)20 7882 5912Room Number: Arts One 214
Galin Tihanov is the George Steiner Professor of Comparative Literature at Queen Mary University of London. He was previously Professor of Comparative Literature and Intellectual History and founding co-director of the Research Institute for Cosmopolitan Cultures at the University of Manchester. His most recent research has been on cosmopolitanism, exile, and transnationalism. His publications include four books and nine (co)edited volumes, as well as over a hundred articles on German, Russian, French, and Central-European intellectual and cultural history and on cultural and literary theory. Some of his work has been translated into Bulgarian, Chinese, Danish, French, German, Hungarian, Macedonian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovene, and Spanish. Tihanov is winner, with Evgeny Dobrenko, of the Efim Etkind Prize for Best Book on Russian Culture (2012), awarded for their co-edited A History of Russian Literary Theory and Criticism: The Soviet Age and Beyond (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2011). He is Honorary President of the ICLA Committee on Literary Theory (since 2008), Member of Academia Europaea (since 2013), Honorary Scientific Advisor, Institute for Foreign Literatures, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS, since 2014), and member of the Advisory Board of the Institute for World Literature (IWL) at Harvard. He sits on the editorial/advisory boards of fourteen journals (Arcadia; Bakhtiniana: Revista de Estudos do Discurso (Sao Paulo); Bijiao Wenxue & Shijie Wenxue (比较文学与世界文学 [Comparative Literature and World Literature (Beijing)]; Comparative Critical Studies; Evropa; Filosofskie nauki; Journal of Literature and Trauma Studies; Literaturna misul; Primerjalna književnost; Psikhologicheskie issledovaniia; Slavonica; The Journal of English Language & Literature (Seoul); Voprosy literatury; Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch), and five publication series (Brill Balkan Studies, Brill, The Netherlands; The Real Twentieth Century, Academic Studies Press, USA; Language and Literature Series, Mercado de Letras, Brazil; Durham Modern Languages Series, Manchester UP, United Kingdom; New Comparative Criticism, Peter Lang, Switzerland/Germany/US). Tihanov held visiting appointments at Yale University (2007), St. Gallen University (2012), the University of Sao Paulo (2013), Peking University (2014), Seoul National University (2015), as well as research fellowships from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Open Society Foundation, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, and Collegium Budapest. In 2012, Tihanov delivered the Mihály Babits Lectures. He is member of one of the European Research Council Evaluation Panels, of the Academic Advisory Council of the Centre for Advanced Study (Sofia), and of the International University Forum for Curriculum Reform. He served on the sub-panel “European Studies” for the UK RAE (2008) and as an international member on the panel “Philosophy” for the Romanian RAE (2011) and on the international evaluation panel “Humanities” of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (2014; 2015). He has evaluated grant proposals for the ERC, DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), the Leverhulme Trust, the British Academy, the AHRC, the Newton Trsut, Kone Foundation, the Polish Science Foundation, The Icelandic Research Fund, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Centre for Advanced Study (Sofia), etc.
For a selection of my publications, please see the attached c.v.


Frontmatter can be used to define page-specific metadata and configuration. The front matter must be the first thing in the file and must take the form of valid YAML set between triple-dashed lines. Here is a basic example:
---title: Coding like a Pro!---
Between these triple-dashed lines, you can set predefined variables (see below for a reference) which allow you to customize the page.
title: String # title of the page, visible in navigation sidebar, page content title, browser tab title and used for SEO and searchmetaTitle: String # used for SEO if provided, otherwise title is useddescription: String # page description used for search and SEOorder: Int # page order in navigation sidebar, the lower the higher it will appeardraft: Boolean # set to true to mark page as draft and not publish it (unless overriden by features.publishDraft property)editable: Boolean # set to true to show Edit on Repo button, set to false to hide itshowMetadata: Boolean # set to true to show page metadata, set to false to hide itshowToc: Boolean # set to true to show Table of Contents, set to false to hide ittocDepth: Int # Table of Contents depth (depth of headers used to calculate ToC)showPreviousNext: Boolean # set to true to show previous/next buttons, set to false to hide it
---title: 'Navigation'order: 4draft: trueeditable: truetocDepth: 1---


Samuel McCulloch Jr. was biracial but considered a free Black man when, as a soldier with the Texian army, he was wounded during the Battle of Goliad on October 9, 1835, and considered the first casualty of the Texas Revolution. A musket ball shattered his right shoulder, and despite his injury and service, the postwar Texas government ordered him and all other free Blacks to leave.
Then, in a series of conflicting legislative moves, things got confusing. Could he stay, or did he have to go?
McCulloch was born in 1810 in South Carolina. His father was white, and his mother was Black, but no other records of her status exist. McCulloch Sr. moved his son and three daughters, all considered free, to Texas, where they settled near the Gulf Coast in what is now Jackson County in May 1835.
The Battle of Goliad was the second skirmish of the revolution, coming one week after the brief skirmish known as the Battle of Gonzales and just four days after McCulloch joined the Texian army as a private with the 50-man Matagorda Volunteer Company. When the force attacked a Mexican army camp, McCulloch was first to enter the fort and the lone soldier wounded. The injury left his shoulder permanently disabled.
After the war McCulloch’s residence status quickly began to twist and turn. Initially, the republic’s constitution, adopted in September 1836, prohibited citizenship for “Africans and the descendants of Africans and Indians” and required all free Blacks to apply to the Congress for permanent residence.
McCulloch made the required application for himself and his sisters in 1837, recounting his military service and stating that he had been “deprived of the privileges of citizenship by reason of an unfortunate admixture of African blood.”
On June 5, 1837, the republic passed a law that permitted free Blacks to keep their residency if they had been living in Texas before the Republic’s Declaration of Independence on March 2, 1836.
With his petition still pending, McCulloch saw his residency status further imperiled on February 5, 1840. That’s when an act was passed to prohibit the immigration of free Blacks and demand that all free Black residents vacate the republic within two years or be sold into slavery.
McCulloch filed a successful second petition, likely because of the Ashworth Act, passed December 12, 1840. This legislation provided that the Ashworth families, Black relatives in Jefferson County, could remain in Texas after influential whites intervened.
As a disabled veteran, McCulloch was eligible for a land grant and was awarded one league (4,428 acres) of land, two-thirds of which he chose to ranch and farm near Von Ormy.
Despite his land and his disability, McCulloch soldiered again, fighting in the battle of Plum Creek in 1840 against Comanches and serving as a spy during the Mexican invasion of San Antonio in 1842. He died in Von Ormy on November 2, 1893.
Michael Hurd is an author, historian and journalist who has written for publications such as USA Today, the Austin American-Statesman and The Houston Post. He is a noted expert on football at historically Black colleges, and as director of the Texas Institute for the Preservation of History and Culture at Prairie View A&M University, his research focuses on the 500-year history of African Americans in Texas. His most recent book is Thursday Night Lights: The Story of Black High School Football in Texas. A native Texan, he lives in The Woodlands.


Virtual access to amazing art books, no coffee table necessary!
Do you love art? Do you love books? Do you love art books? I have an obsession and hoarding instinct when it comes to art books. That photo history book from a class 20 years ago? I still have it sitting in my studio even though I haven’t picked it up in years.
Every time I visit a museum or a gallery the first thing I instinctively do is gravitate towards the bookstore. It doesn’t matter that I can actually see a 30×30 foot Richard Serra sculpture across the room. Instead of focusing on the actual art I came to see my first thought is LOOK! THERE ARE BOOKS RIGHT OVER THERE ABOUT RICHARD SERRA!
I am pretty convinced this stems from my childhood where I didn’t have much access to galleries or museums, so I would disappear into the “art and photography” section of the chain book store at the mall. Not the most diverse selection of works (About 80% Ansel Adams and Georgia O’Keeffe),but better than nothing. If I couldn’t see original work at least I could explore a facsimile of it. If I was lucky, the book might actually have answers about the process and history of the artist. I could immediately connect a face and a biography to the pieces I was interested in.
We live in a time where artists are no longer forced to sift through commercial curation and William Wegman calendars in order to discover important artists and art. Why? Because a select number of authoritative, globally recognized cultural institutions have been generous enough to share their resources. If you are an artist or an educator you should be taking advantage of this as much as possible. The following is a brief list of free online libraries that can get you started. The four arts organizations listed provide access to over 2,000 substantive and authoritative art books (Only a few of which are about Ansel Adams or Georgia O’Keefe). Bookmark these, use them consistently, and share them with your students and friends.
Online Libraries Listed in Order of Recommendation
The Guggenheim museum has made over 200 of their published books accessible and downloadable for free in collaboration with the Internet Archive. The quality and quantity are fantastic and includes artists ranging from Kandinsky to Holzer. This is an incredibly valuable archive and if you only explore one today it should be this one.
Starter Suggestion: Gerhard Richter : Eight Gray
The description from their website understates the impressiveness of this site. “Five decades of Met publications on art history, available to read, download, and/or search for free”. Take advantage of the “additional resources” section of each title. It allows readers to explore the Met’s image archive directly while the “related titles” allows for a substantive exploration of subject matter and author.
Starter Suggestion: All the Mighty World: The Photographs of Roger Fenton, 1852–1860
The Getty Virtual Library contains a large quantity of select titles from the archive of Getty Publications. The selection of over 250 backlist titles is primarily focused on art history topics as well as conservation and digital archiving.
Starter Suggestion: Courbet and the Modern Landscape
LACMA’s reading room is a collaborative project with the Internet Archive that contains a growing collection of archived art books and exhibition brochures. The search functionality is a little limited, but the collection has quite a few fascinating pieces available in PDF and EPUB formats. The brochures are particularly interesting both as an introduction to certain artists and as design objects.
Starter Suggestion: Abdulnasser Gharem: Pause
Don’t limit yourself to simply reading from online libraries. Use them in ways that you would never use that twenty pound full color signed monograph you picked up at the Guggenheim for $250.
- Download 20 books on contemporary art and combine them into one happy-fun-super-mega art history book.
- Download The Academy of the Sword: Illustrated Fencing Books 1500–1800 (or any other book) and combine the illustrations into a short comic using famous quotes.
- Pick a collection or a single book and have your students find five images (any artist, any time, any style) of a woman, or a building, or war, or red. Then have them create a piece that combines aesthetic and subject elements of each image.
- Find 25 color images by Wassily Kandinsky. Print them out as large as you can and stack them on top of one another. Use a paper cutter to slice the stack at least 5 times vertically and 5 times horizontally (more if you are sadistic). Throw the pieces into the air and have your students try and recreate each original piece. Better yet, have them create their own work using the pieces.
Have fun, and if you ever find yourself in need of additional creative and artistic resource suggestions please don’t hesitate to join our consistently growing creative community at artnerdsociety.com. Our ever expanding Recommends section is a curated collection of books, videos, image archives, and educational resources that any visual creative will find useful and inspiring.
Be well and keep creating,
Original Title Image by Sindre Aalberg via Unsplash
Cultivate Your Creativity
Build Your Practice
Share your Calling


Eva’s life started in 1929 in a very happy, loving Jewish family in Vienna. Her brother, Heinz, was three years older and was a reader, musician, and painter. As a six year old, he would read out books and tell Eva the stories. At school, Eva noted that although jews and catholics were allowed to be friends, they were separated during their respective religion classes. Fast forward a few years to 1938, and Nazi Germany annexed Austria. Nine year old Eva was shocked by the sudden display of Swastikas on the streets by her friends. She also noted that her best friend’s mother(who was catholic) slammed a door in her face one day and told her to never come back to their house. Eva’s father, Erich decided to move his family to Belgium at this time. Since they were not allowed any furniture, they bought a pre-furnished house in Brussels. The furniture included a piano and this naturally delighted Heinz. After two great years in Belgium, the family was forced to emigrate to Amsterdam. This is where eleven year old Eva met an eleven year old Anne Frank, who came up to meet Eva with a sweet hello. Eva and Anne would spend time together every day. Anne hated Math, but really enjoyed talking. She would often be made to write “I will not talk in class” a 100 times after class. In Eva’s mind, Anne was far more mature than she was. Being very interested in boys, Anne wanted to go to Eva’s house to meet Heinz. Sadly, Heinz was not interested in a girl his sister’s age.
1940-42 were good years for Eva. Although they were restrictive(Jews had to go to different shops, travel separately), there was not any significant danger. In 1942, both Heinz and Margot(Anne’s elder sister) were summoned to Germany to work. Not trusting this summoning, both Erich and Otto Frank(Anne’s father) took their families into hiding. Sadly, Erich could not find a place for the family of four, so Heinz went with his father, and Eva went with her mother. Eva was a ‘sporty girl’, and hence had a tough time in hiding sitting in the same place. Erich and Heinz had to move around as they couldn’t keep up with the rent, but eventually found a place near Eva and Elfriede(Eva’s mother). On Eva’s 15th birthday, in the May of 1944, as the entire family had met up to celebrate, Nazi soldiers burst into the house and captured the family. Eva was interrogated and brutally beaten by the Nazi soldiers. However, she was in much too much shock to say anything.
The family eventually was sent to Auschwitz by train. Eva recalls that this train journey was the last time her family was together. On reaching the camp they immediately were separated, Eva and her mother were separated from her father and brother. They were made to strip naked, shaved, and given striped clothes with shoes and a number. Eva couldnt believe how cruelly the Nazi soldiers would mistreat the women without reason. Eva describes many miracles leading to her surviving, including how running into an old friend saved her from dying from typhus. She had to live in sub human conditions for almost six months before the liberation of Auschwitz by Soviet troops. She did meet her father a couple of times before the liberation. For a while, she believed her mother to be dead, but she later learnt her mother had escaped the gas chamber miraculously.
Eva would go on to learn of the death of her brother and father after liberation, which led her to spiral into depression for many years to come. Eventually, she would meet her husband for 63 years, Zvi Schloss in London. Her mother and Otto Frank fell in love and got married in 1953. Eva recalls the first time she saw Anne’s diary. Otto brought the diary to show to Eva and Elfriede and would burst into tears on reading it. He took three weeks to read it, and eventually published a first hand account of the most horrific genocide of all time, from the perspective of precocious teenage girl.
Eva now has three children and five grandchildren. She leaves audiences shocked by relating the atrocities endured by her family during the Holocaust and inspires them with her faith in humanity. She is not just a survivor, but also a victor of the Holocaust.


Treadstone 71 Analysis of the Study: Information Operations in the Russia-Ukraine War
Treadstone 71 recently reviewed the paper "Information Operations in the Russia-Ukraine War – 24 January 2023" by
Dr. Ahmed Daifullah Algarni, Vice President of the International Institute for Iranian Studies (Rasanah)
The title assumes a neutral position to the war when the war was clearly a Russian invasion of a sovereign nation. The title sets the stage for the rest of the paper.
The text attempts to create a comprehensive overview of information warfare tactics and objectives, mainly focused on Russia's actions in the context of the Russia-Ukraine war. The paper touches on various components of information warfare, including psychological operations, media manipulation, and disinformation campaigns.
- Russian Involvement in Information Warfare: The text's claim that Russia has been deeply involved in information warfare for decades, returning to the Soviet era, is accurate. Russian tactics often include "reflexive control," aimed at influencing adversaries' decision-making processes.
- Operation Infektion: The mention of Operation "Secondary Infektion" and the disinformation campaign during the Cold War surrounding HIV/AIDS being a bioweapon is historically verified and well-documented.
- Ongoing Info-War Campaigns: The text claims that between 2014 and 2018, Russia ran disinformation operations targeting Western countries, particularly Ukraine. The listing is consistent with reports from various intelligence agencies and cybersecurity firms.
- Objectives of Russian Information Warfare: The objectives listed, such as dampening Ukrainian morale and sowing discord among Western allies, are consistent with assessments from international analysts.


Invitation Call Ethical Issues English
INVITATION CALL ETHICAL ISSUES
RESEARCH BOOKS 2021
CALL FOR BOOK CHAPTERS
ETHICS AND MORALITY IN THE MEDIA: INVESTIGATIONS AND PROPOSALS
Giving continuity to the fulfillment and strengthening of the Strategic line of the Institutional Development Strategic Plan PEDI "Research and innovation for excellence".
The Publications Area seeks to make its actions visible and recognized in the context in which it operates, but also to generate impact on the development of the communities with which it interacts.
In this way, this call is opened within the framework of the program to strengthen New Knowledge of the Universidad Santiago de Cali, for the publication of books and research results, through which it is intended to facilitate and support the publication of the academic community of Santiago de Cali.
The call will be governed by the following Terms of Reference.
The program aims to:
Promote a research culture among the academic community that allows them to publish, disseminate and promote new knowledge in the scientific community.
Contribute to research groups to strengthen their capacities, especially in the production of new knowledge.
BUDGET FOR THE CALL FOR PROPOSALS
- The book must have a minimum of 150 pages. (For more information on editorial conditions see the guide "rules for authors").
- It must be original and contribute to the scientific knowledge of the discipline in question. Only final research results will be considered.
- Must be linked to one or more research groups of the University.
- All authors must have Orcid and Google Scholar profile.
- Collective books must have only two academic editors.
- Must score on the criteria of group cohesion and cooperation.
- Applications will be received at the Online Information Reception:
- At least one professor must be a researcher-teacher of the Universidad Santiago de Cali, who will be responsible for the communication and scientific edition of the book.
- The professor must be an active member of a research group endorsed by Universidad Santiago de Cali.
- All authors must sign the assignment of copyright of the work in favor of Universidad Santiago de Cali.
- The ISBN will be requested by the publishing house of Universidad Santiago de Cali.
- The publication of 25 books will be financed.
- The books that are submitted must pass the selection process of the editorial committee.
- On October 20, the books that pass to peer reviewers will be announced.
Until February 03, 2022.
Annex 1: Word document of the text.
Annex 2: All authors must fill out the Excel form found at:
- Full name
- ID No.
- Faculty (only if USC)
- Program (only if USC)
- Institutional affiliation (Faculty or Institution)
- Research Group
- Date of birth
- City of residence
- Residence Address
- Orcid Code
- E-mail address
- Mobile Number
Annex 3. Attach a rights assignment form for each author participating in the book. (signed in handwriting, otherwise it is not valid).
Link to the rights assignment form: https://investigaciones.usc.edu.co/index.php/direccion-general-de-investgaciones/formatos
Annex 4. Attach turnitin report. The percentage of similarity accepted is 20%. Paragraph. Universidad Santiago de Cali reserves the right to modify, suspend or extend the terms and conditions established in this call, due to force majeure or needs of the service, or any other cause that affects the purposes of the call.


A more precise timeline now shows Aotearoa was first settled in the North Island before the settlers expanded south and then retreated again when the climate changed.
This article has been republished from The Conversation under Creative Commons licence CC BY-ND 4.0. It was originally published under the title New research shows ancestral Māori adapted quickly in the face of rapid climate change and is written by Magdalena Bunbury and Dr Fiona Petchey.
When the ancestors of Māori made landfall in Aotearoa some 750 years ago, it marked the final stop of the greatest expansion of human migration in prehistory.
Much of their story – exactly when they arrived and where they initially settled, how quickly the population grew, and how they sustained themselves and adapted during rapidly changing climate conditions – has remained elusive until now.
Our research traces the first 250 years of settlement, including changes in resource availability and population growth. It provides a more precise timeline for arrival and settlement, beginning as early as 1250–1270.
We also demonstrate for the first time a difference in the age of settlements in the North and South islands. The research shows that Māori adapted quickly to their new environment and again during later periods when temperature and rainfall changed significantly.
A more precise timeline of arrival
People travelled from tropical islands in East Polynesia at a time when a warm climate facilitated travel across the world’s largest ocean.
Researchers have long debated the exact timing of their first settlement, with estimates varying between the 12th and 14th centuries, depending on the material selected for radiocarbon dating.
We show that early settlers reached the North Island first, between 1250 and 1270, a decade before the South Island became more popular.
At the time of settlement, the south had colonies of the large flightless moa. The early settlers rapidly adapted to this temperate climate, living on a diet of moa, seafood and vegetables grown in their garden plots.
But then the Little Ice Age interfered with this lifestyle. After 1350, conditions became significantly colder in the south. By around 1400–1420, moa hunting became uneconomic and put these fledgling communities under immense pressure. Once again, people had to adapt quickly.
Models developed from radiocarbon dates and the distribution of archaeological sites indicate the population shifted back to the north and grew between 1350 and 1450. In the north, soils were ideal for agriculture and temperatures were warmer.
New scientific approach
Estimates of arrival and settlement in earlier studies and models vary depending on the material they used. For example, radiocarbon dates of the Pacific rat (Rattus exulans or kiore) tell a story about the spread of rats following the introduction by Māori ancestors. This study documents an explosion in the rat population but not information on the earliest human settlement date.
Likewise, radiocarbon dates on moa eggshell and bone tell us about the timing of moa-hunting activities but little about activities elsewhere.
This piecemeal approach has blurred the settlement chronology and contributed to the notion of a ‘mass migration’ event. These studies also ignored dates on marine materials, one of the most commonly dated sample types.
In a previous study, we demonstrated that dates of midden shells could increase the accuracy of models if we had a better understanding of how radiocarbon in the ocean changed over time.
The development of a regional marine calibration curve that mapped this change allowed us to include more than 800 shell radiocarbon dates in the current study. This curve doubled the number of dates available for analysis.
It was also necessary to develop a new approach to modelling that combined terrestrial and marine radiocarbon data sets. The increased precision and accuracy of these new models enabled us to draw links between the number and distribution of archaeological sites, climate, resources and deforestation trends.
Why our results are more precise
We scoured journal papers and books to assemble more than 2,250 dates, the largest radiocarbon data set from any island context. We carefully evaluated the archaeological context and scientific reliability of each date and removed almost 700 problematic dates before modelling began.
Differences between the terrestrial and marine calibration curves used to convert radiocarbon measurements into calendar ages enabled us to refine ‘wiggles’ that result in multiple ranges for some early settlement events.
This research goes only a small way to providing a time baseline for understanding the complexity of ancestral Māori society. Future work aims to achieve the precision needed to establish more links between people, climate and time.
Read how whakataukī can give us insight into the moa’s conservation and extinction in Dead as the moa: oral traditions show that early Māori recognised extinction.
Learn about ‘wiggle matching’ and the complexities of radiocarbon dating through research into the volcanic eruption that created Lake Taupō in Explosive lies – how volcanoes can lie about their age, and what it means for us.
This interactive explores the C-14 carbon dating process.
Learn more about other technologies that are contributing to our knowledge of human evolution in Evolutionary research – advancing our understanding of us and techniques for refining samples for AMS dating of palaeolithic bones and other artefacts.
In 2008 scientists published research on how they used radiocarbon dating on old rat bones and seeds to establish their age.
The activity Investigating middens helps students understand what ancient middens can tell us about past lives and what discarded rubbish can tell us indirectly about the environment. You could adapt the extension idea so students also identify the organic rubbish that would survive into the future and could be dated by C-14 methods.
The activity Radioactive decay models the radioactive decay process for carbon-14 by flipping coins. It features the randomness and exponential nature of radioactive decay.
Find out more about some of the research mentioned in this article:
- A new chronology for the Māori settlement of Aotearoa (NZ) and the potential role of climate change in demographic developments, PNAS, Volume 119 | No. 46. 2022.
- Climate windows for Polynesian voyaging to New Zealand and Easter Island, PNAS, Volume 111 | No. 41. 2014.
- Extinct New Zealand megafauna were not in decline before human colonization, PNAS, Volume 111 | No. 13. 2014.
- Global Signatures and Dynamical Origins of the Little Ice Age and Medieval Climate Anomaly, Science, Volume 326, Issue 5957, 2009
- Using rat-gnawed seeds to independently date the arrival of Pacific rats and humans in New Zealand, Sage Journals, Volume 14, Issue 16, 2004, (note this research article has restricted access to the full version).
- High-precision dating and ancient DNA profiling of moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes) eggshell documents a complex feature at Wairau Bar and refines the chronology of New Zealand settlement by Polynesians, Journal of Archaeological Science, Volume 50, October 2014.
- Mass Migration and the Polynesian Settlement of New Zealand, Journal of World Prehistory, Volume 30, 2017.
- Vital evidence: Change in the marine 14C reservoir around New Zealand (Aotearoa) and implications for the timing of Polynesian settlement, Scientific Reports, Volume 10, Article number: 14266 (2020)
- A wiggle-match date for Polynesian settlement of New Zealand, Antiquity. Volume 77(295), 2003.
Articles from The Conversation:
- See this article from 2021 arguing that Aotearoa New Zealand's early Polynesian settlement should be recognised with World Heritage Site status.
- In 2022 the article Linguistics locates the beginnings of the Austronesian expansion – with Indigenous seafaring people in eastern Taiwan was published.
On the Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi website, read about work being undertaken by Associate Professor Fiona Petchey on constructing a precise and detailed picture of the past, using carbon dated shells from Te-Moana-Nui-a-Kiwa, the Pacific Ocean.
Listen to 95bFM who spoke to Dr Fiona Petchey about her research on the timing of Māori settlement in Aotearoa.


I love reading and at first was not going to make that apart of my blog but I have had a few really good reads lately. One of which I was thoroughly surprised by. I bought Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society two years ago and started reading it but didn't get past the first few pages and moved onto another book. I just now got back to it and I am so glad that I did.
The first few letters were boring and I found reading them tedious. But I powered through and didn't give up on it like I did two years ago. Then slowly the letters started to have more and more substance and built off of one another. By page 40 or 50 I couldn't put it down; I just had to now what was going to happen next.
The main character is Juliet. An author and columnist that shot to fame during WWII for bringing news of the war to England in weekly columns. The news during this time was heavy and those living in London especially were in a constant state of fear ;so, Juliet did the best she could to write on the news but doing so in a manner that still was able to lift their spirits. Her columns were very popular and after the war were published into a book.
One day through what could only be fate Juliet received a letter from a man on Guernsey Island. (Guernsey is a channel island between France and England that was occupied during the war.) This man had ended up with a book by Charles Lamb that had belonged to her and was writing to let her know how much that book had meant to him during the war. This correspondence lead to her corresponding with him and his friends on Guernsey. This correspondence led to a whirlwind of exciting discoveries and adventures and stories both of the Occupation and after.
While reading I became involved with these characters and envisioned them on Guernsey. I feel as though I know Guernsey through this book, thanks to the vivid detail and research done by the author. I cant imagine many people after reading this book would not feel the same way. This book was full of imagination and joy all while dealing with the heavy topic of WWII and the Nazi Occupation. More than anything this book left me with a sense of hope that will stay with me long after the book has faded.


Excellent article on Tony Little & education:
Originally posted on 3D Eye:
Having spent an entire career committed to public state education, with a guiding principle of free education for all, it was fascinating to attend a lecture by the headmaster of Eton College and to be broadly in agreement with everything he said about holistic learning and the needs of young people.
Tony Little was the invited speaker for this year’s National Education Trust annual lecture – now held in memory of Mike Baker, an education journalist whose insights and observations on education are greatly missed.
The title of the lecture was “Looking Back to Move Forwards”. Mr Little considered the lives and works of three of his predecessors at Eton in order to focus on some priorities for education in the 21st Century.
Some might query the head of Eton addressing an audience about the aims and purposes of education without having experienced the challenges of working in inner…
View original 1,503 more words


"How Money Works for Women: Take Control or Lose It"
"How Money Works for Women: Take Control or Lose It" by Sharon Lechter and Kim Scouller is a groundbreaking book that delves into the intricate world of finance, tailored specifically for women. Sharon Lechter, a seasoned financial literacy expert, and Kim Scouller, a respected entrepreneur and business strategist, combine their expertise to create an invaluable resource that addresses the unique financial challenges and opportunities that women encounter.
The book unfolds as a comprehensive guide, offering practical advice and actionable strategies to empower women to master their financial destinies. It demystifies financial jargon, presenting complex concepts in an easily digestible manner, making it accessible to readers from diverse financial backgrounds.
One of the book's strengths is its ability to communicate essential financial principles through real-life stories, relatable examples, and engaging anecdotes. The authors go the extra mile to ensure readers not only understand the concepts but also appreciate their relevance to their lives. The storytelling approach adds a layer of relatability, making the book engaging and impactful.
A notable aspect of "How Money Works for Women" is its emphasis on financial independence and control. It encourages women to take charge of their financial lives, instilling confidence and a sense of empowerment. The book covers a wide spectrum of financial aspects, including budgeting, investing, saving, retirement planning, and entrepreneurship, making it a comprehensive resource for women seeking financial enlightenment.
Furthermore, the book provides actionable steps and exercises at the end of each chapter, allowing readers to apply the knowledge gained. This interactive approach transforms theoretical understanding into practical application, fostering a deeper understanding of the financial world.
In conclusion, "How Money Works for Women: Take Control or Lose It" is an enlightening read for any woman looking to enhance her financial literacy and seize control of her financial journey. Sharon Lechter and Kim Scouller have crafted an exceptional guide that not only educates but also motivates and inspires. This book is an invaluable asset and a vital stepping stone towards financial confidence and autonomy. Highly recommended for every woman aspiring to navigate the financial landscape with wisdom and authority.


Alfred Corn’s tenth book of poems, titled Tables, appeared in January 2013 with Press53. He has also published a novel, titled Part of His Story; two collections of essays; and The Poem’s Heartbeat, a study of prosody. His work as a poet brought him the Guggenheim fellowship, the NEA, an Award in Literature from the Academy of Arts and Letters, and one from the Academy of American Poets. He has taught at Yale, Columbia, and UCLA. He spends part of every year in the U.K., and Pentameters Theatre in London staged his play Lowell’s Bedlam in the spring of 2011. In 2012, he was a Visiting Fellow of Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, preparing a translation of Rilke’s Duino Elegies and returned as a Life Fellow for a second residency in 2013. His first ebook, Transatlantic Bridge: A Concise Guide to the Differences between British and American English, was published in 2012. In 2014 Barrow Street Press published his eleventh volume of poems, titled Unions, and Eyewear will publish his second novel, titled Miranda’s Book.
Coming in 2014:


Forty Years of Graceby Pastor Bob Burridge ©1997
Grace in the 50's
By February of 1958 the group began meeting at the D & D Missionary Homes under the direction of Mr. Thomas Waldecker. They looked carefully to find an effective area for ministry in Pinellas County and, by November, they settled on the Skyview Development in the Pinellas Park region. On the 13th of that month Rev. Thomas Waldecker was ordained to serve as the founding pastor.
In December Rev. Jay E. Adams, General Secretary of National Missions visited them to help select a location for building a place of worship, and to organize officially into a mission church.
At a meeting in the home of Miss Elizabeth Shoemaker the new congregation met to constitute itself officially and to adopt the name Grace Presbyterian Church.
Rev. Adams helped them select a property on 58th Street where 110th Avenue North intersected. It was planned at that time that US 19 would likely use that as the main North-South road connecting St. Petersburg with Clearwater. Four lots were purchased with an option on a fifth. A loan was received from National Missions in the amount of $1,300 to purchase the four lots. The first public baptisms took place on December 28th placing the sign of the covenant upon four believers.
1959 began with the church's first Lord's Supper being served on the 4th of January. By March, 18 charter members were officially received. In May the church voted to purchase the remaining fifth lot bringing the total acreage to 1.5.
That December the plans were finalized to move their meeting location to the Skyview Recreation Building and a new pulpit was custom built and donated by Mr. and Mrs. Payerl. That pulpit is kept today in the library of the church in memory of those historic early days. The first church piano was donated by Mr. and Mrs. Allen.
Grace in the '60's
In 1961 a farewell party was held for Walter and Mary Cross who were returning for service in Chile. They had served there from 1949 to 1956. While in the states they had been ministering to migrant workers here in Florida.
A congregation meeting was held on January 15th, 1964 electing the church's first elders: James Barbee and Clyde Schrum. Elder Schrum was elected as the first Clerk of Session. At that same meeting the church voted to be a part of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church as the organization of American Presbyterian denominations were going through changes. In 1965 that group completed its merger with the Reformed Presbyterian Church in North America General Synod to form the Reformed Presbyterian Church Evangelical Synod.
In January 1966 Walter Scott, James McGee and James Fagan were elected to become the church's first deacons.
In God's providence Pinellas County decided to route US-19 toward the Southeast to connect with 34th Street rather than using the 58th Street corridor. This left the church property in a somewhat isolated and quiet neighborhood.
Grace in the 70's
When Rev. Taylor left, the pulpit was filled by Mr. Bob Burridge who had just graduated from Seminary. While he taught full time at Skycrest Christian School, the church searched for its next pastor. By March of 1964 Rev. George Birchler was installed to lead the congregation. The layout of the church interior was changed and remodeled into its present configuration to create a better worship area and more classroom space.
Grace in the 80's
In 1985 the sanctuary seating was changed from wooden pews to the present chairs to allow for an increased number of worshippers. The session established three committees in 1986 to help share the increasing responsibilities of ministry. The committees were charged with the work of Christian Education, Youth and Activities, and Missions and Evangelism. In June of 1986 Pastor Easterling left to take another charge and Mr. Bob Burridge, who was now a ruling elder and candidate for the ministry under the Central Florida Presbytery, again became the stated supply preacher. During this time the church began recording its morning sermons, a computer was added for the pastor's use and a maintenance shed was added to the property.
In June of 1987 Pastor Burridge was ordained and installed as the church's fifth pastor. The first copy machine was purchased and an in-house printing ministry was started to produce the bulletins and various booklets authored by the pastor for use by the congregation. A Worship committee was established to help the pastor with bulletin preparations and to help with worship music.
In 1988 the church held a 30th anniversary dinner to commemorate its first three decades. Founding Pastor Tom Waldecker spoke and Pinellas Park Mayor Cecil Bradbury presented the church with a certificate of commemoration from the city.
In the last years of the 80's the church offered some special programs which included; special speaker Dr. John Skilton, seminars in education for Sunday School workers, the showing of the Francis Schaeffer film series How Shall We Then Live?, and some Moody Science films. Pastor Burridge was the guest of Dr. James Kennedy on his radio program to discuss his booklet The Truth About Christmas. That program has been rebroadcast nationally a number of times seasonally.
Grace in the 90's
This same year Central Florida Presbytery divided and the Southwest Florida Presbytery was formed. Pastor Burridge was elected to serve as the first year's moderator for 1991. He has since served two other one-year terms as moderator and between moderatorships served several terms as chairman of the Minister and His Work committee which advises churches with pastoral matters and examines all pastors entering our presbytery.
In 1991 Pastor Soeng Je Kim was called as Assistant Pastor to serve a Korean mission work that began meeting in the Grace Presbyterian facilities. That work was able to reach several Koran families before Pastor Kim was recalled to Korea due to immigration problems.
In the 90's the church family settled into having a monthly church fellowship time organized primarily by the Women In the Church (WIC). They also worked very closely with the local Pregnancy Center taking part in its fund raising activities, volunteering at the center and having the pastor serve on the board of directors over which he served a term as chairman of the board.
In 1992 the fellowship area was remodeled and later carpeted. A new sign was placed on the property with a flower box to improve the church's public presentation.
In the mid 90's Dr. Skilton was again invited to speak and Dr. Jay E. Adams presented a question and answer time about Christian counseling. An operations handbook was produced by the session to help direct its work toward the primary goals previously adopted. A playground was added for the children and the kitchen and nursery areas were remodeled.
The mid 90's also saw the birth of The Genevan Institute for Reformed Studies. It began with classes on Wednesday nights to provide a study showing the biblical foundations for the church's convictions. It was oriented for those interested in a more in-depth study than the regular worship services and Sunday School classes are able to offer. The study was arranged around the contents of the Westminster Confession of Faith.
In these latter years of the 90's, as the fourth decade of Grace Presbyterian drew to a close, the church suffered another setback as the economy of Pinellas County changed and several leading families were transferred out of the area due to job transfers and promotions. Again the session had to adjust the ministries to continue to provide all that God calls a church to do for its communing families. Hard challenges have always brought deeper commitments and have in many ways expanded the outreach of the church, though sometimes in ways not expected.
A Presbyterian Men's Training Program was begun by the pastor which continues to be used in preparing men for leadership in the home, church and community. It has been used as part of a training program for new groups of church leaders.
The Genevan Institute has drawn some new members into the fellowship of Grace, brought in several winter visitors, and has helped prepare some men for the ministry. There are now students attending who are candidates for the ministry and licentiates in the Southwest Florida Presbytery.
The Institute outreach became world wide with the introduction of a website at www.girs.com which continually draws hundreds of visitors from all over the world. It distributes articles on biblical issues into places where little true Christian education is available. Through this ministry, several of the pastor's booklets, prepared for this congregation in the past, are being distributed and used in churches all around the world. A chat channel was established on the DALnet system which is open for fellowship on a continual basis. The chat channel is called #Calvin'sCorner. It is attended on Sunday nights for live internet fellowship and Bible discussion.
Grace in the Years to Come
Pray for the families that make up Grace Presbyterian Church. The children are the future of this work. Some who are parents in the congregation now were once the children of the church. God's grace has brought this work to this point in time and has placed it where it can shine brightly. But God has always worked by means of the prayers of his saints who love him dearly and who work sacrificially to serve their King according to the ways in his Sacred Word.
Grace is a wonderful name for a church. As the hymn writer
John Newton wrote in 1779,
To be sure -- this has been a work of God's Amazing Grace!
Author's note: This history was reconstructed from what information was available in the church files. It is mostly taken from session records, newspaper clippings, denominational magazine notices, collections of church news letters and bulletins. Some periods were hard to fill in. This does not mean that little was done during those times. It just reflects what was placed in the records available to this author.