NEW BEDFORD — R. Vivian (Levesque) Lapre, age 81, passed away Thursday, September 06, 2012, at the Sacred Heart Nursing Home in New Bedford. She was the wife of the late Normand Ernest Lapre.
Born in New Bedford, a daughter of the late Alfred and Isola (Boucher) Levesque, Vivian lived in Acushnet for 47 years before moving to Rochester in 2005.
Vivian was a graduate of St. Anthony High School in New Bedford, and attended Rivier College in New Hampshire. Mrs. Lapre worked as the parish secretary at St. Francis Xavier Rectory in Acushnet for over 30 years and was a recipient of the Marian Medal.
Survivors include her children, Raymond Lapre and his late wife, Mary of Middleboro, Richard Lapre and his wife, Linda of Rochester, and Rachelle Lapre of Rochester; 3 grandchildren, Jason and Michael Lapre of Rochester and Paul Lapre of Middleboro; and several nieces and nephews.
She was the mother of the late Rita Lapre and sister of the late Claire Rouillier.
Her funeral will be held Monday, September 17, 2012, at 10am at St. Francis Xavier Church, Main Street, Acushnet, MA. The burial is at Sacred Heart Cemetery after the Mass, with a reception at The Century House in Acushnet to follow.
Donations in her memory may be made to Sacred Heart Nursing Home, 359 Summer Street, New Bedford, MA 02740.
For tributes please visit our website at www.ROCK-funeralhome.com


Correspondence of John Henry Newman with John Keble and Others 1839-1845. Edited at the Birmingham Oratory
Author: NEWMAN, John Henry
Publisher: Longmans, Green, 1917,
Size: viii, 413pp. No dustwrapper. Convent inscription
Book Condition: Very Good
More Info: Binding tight, text unmarked
Notes : ~Original maroon cloth, fresh and unfaded. Crease to front endpage. Hinges sound. ~Robust packaging. All UK orders trackable, others on request.


Homecoming ceremonies were held Feb. 5 at Fulton County High School before they hosted the Fulton Independent High School Bulldogs and Lady Bulldogs in basketball action. JaMya Clay, left, was named Homecoming Queen, and Josh Cole, right, was named Homecoming King. Other seniors vying for Queen were Callie Coulson and Hailee Edgin. Junior Maid was Virginia Varden, Sophomore Maid was Alaina Ellegood, and Freshman Maid was TyAirrah Freeman. (Photo submitted)
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Obits — December 4, 2019
Dalton James Reason
Dalton James Reason, age 23 of Hogansville, GA passed away Tuesday, November 26, 2019 at his residence. Dalton was born December 26, 1995 in LaGrange, GA, the son of Donna Marie Davis Reason and the late James Lewis Reason. He was raised in Harrisonville and was a 2013 graduate of Callaway High School in Hogansville where he was active in the JROTC. He enjoyed playing video games, cooking and could never turn away a stray animal. Dalton was employed as a cook with the Great Wolf Lodge in LaGrange and had planned to attend culinary school soon. In addition to his father, he was preceded in death by his paternal grandparents, James Lewis Reason, Jr. and Pat Reason, and two aunts, Sharon Davis and Tina Denney. Survivors include his life companion, Andrea Parmer; his mother, Donna Davis Reason both of Hogansville; two sisters, Ginger Golden Celis of Hogansville and Meagen Alvarado (Andres) of Athens, GA; maternal grandparents, Milton Davis and Linda Davis of LaGrange; aunts, Sallie Taylor (Randy), Melody Rodgers (Dennis), and Pam Bowen (Scott); an uncle, Brandon Davis (Lora); numerous cousins, including his closest Collin Taylor, and a host of friends. A memorial service will be held at a later date. In lieu of flowers, the family has requested that memorial contributions be made in memory of Dalton J. Reason to Animal Ark Rescue at www.animalarkrescue.com.
Donald Luther Garrett Sr.
Donald Luther Garrett. Sr., age 67 of Pine Mountain, GA passed away Friday, November 29, 2019 at West Georgia Hospice in LaGrange. Donald was born November 18, 1952 in Greenville, GA, the son of John Wilson Garrett, Sr. and Mildred Elizabeth Langford Garrett. He was a graduate of Jordan High School in Columbus and was self-employed as a carpenter. Donald enjoyed playing golf, fishing, and loved spending time with his grandchildren. Also, he was sure to be found every weekend working with his son. In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by a brother, Bill Garrett and a sister, Kimberly Dawn Garrett. Survivors include his wife, Wendy Garrett of Pine Mountain; two sons, Donald Garrett, Jr. (Jamie), of LaGrange, and Adam Garrett of Pine Mountain; three step-daughters April Conner (Joel) of Hamilton, GA, Jenny Nunley, and Amy Nunley both of Columbus, GA; a brother, Mark Garrett (Lori) of Warm Springs, GA; four sisters, Ann Fincher (Oz) of Notasulga, AL, Debbie Vaught of Opelika, AL, Tami Freiberg (Les) and Edwina “Wina” Garrett all of Columbus, GA; ten grandchildren and two great-grandchildren. Funeral services were held 2:00 p.m. Tuesday, December 3, 2019 at Pine Mountain Valley First Baptist Church, where Rev. Mike Sellers and Dr. Bob Patterson officiated. Interment followed in the church cemetery. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to West Georgia Hospice in LaGrange.
Thrash & Son’s
We respectfully announce the passing of Mr. Marion Grissom, age 97, formerly of the St. Marks Community in Meriwether County, on Wednesday, November 27, 2019 in Fairburn, Georgia. Funeral Services will be held Wednesday December 4, 2019 at 11:00 AM, Mt. Perria Baptist Church, 2942 Mobley Bridge Road in Hogansville, Georgia. Rev. Roderick Freeman officiating and Pastor Clifford Black, Eulogist. Interment will follow in the Olive Branch Cemetery #2. The Family will be at 9243 Hwy 100 in Hogansville (St. Marks Community). Public viewing was held Tuesday from 10:00 AM to 8:00 PM.
Rev. Richard L. Pursley
The Reverend Richard L. Pursley, 61, of LaGrange, passed away Friday, November 29, 2019, at Hospice LaGrange. Rev. Pursley was born March 10, 1958, in LaGrange, son of the late Milton Lee Pursley and Maxine Davis Pursley. An ordained Baptist minister for more than 35 years, he pastored a number of churches in the West Georgia and East Alabama area and served as founding pastor of Rock of Ages Baptist Church in Hogansville. Rev. Pursley was employed at the Dixie Division of West Point Stevens until its closing and was then employed at Milliken and Co. He was known to be a friend and a help to everyone and spent his life serving others. Survivors include his wife, Ruenelle Pursley of LaGrange; daughter, Renee and Andy Burke of Pine Mountain Valley; sons, Rufus Lee and Lisa Pursley, Richard James (Jamie) Pursley, all of LaGrange; grandsons, Adam Pursley, Joshua Pursley, Dylan Pursley, Noah Pursley, and Nathan Pursley; sister, Donna and Gary Ozley of Fredonia, AL; brothers, Gaines and Becky Pursley of Fredonia, AL, Milton, Jr. and Dianne Pursley of Houston, TX. A memorial service will be conducted at 4:00 p.m., Wednesday, December 4, in the Chapel of Claude A. McKibben and Sons Funeral Home in Hogansville, with Dr. David Ahearn officiating. The family will receive friends at the funeral home from 3 until 4 Wednesday afternoon.
John W. (Bo) Pike
Mr. John Walter (Bo) Pike, 68, of Hogansville, passed away Tuesday, November 26, 2019, at his home. Mr. Pike was born July 13, 1951, in Troup County, son of the late Retha Mae Pike Hammett and the late Harold Redwine Pike. A resident of the Hogansville area most of his life, he retired as a self-employed carpentry contractor. Survivors include his daughter, Jessica Pike of Hogansville; sisters and brothers in-law, Patricia and Ronnie Janney of Hogansville, Loretta and Lester Lawson and Darlene Hardesty, all of Carrollton; brother, Mark Hammett of Carrollton; and grandchildren, Selena Buchannan, Brandon Dean, Desmond Dean, and Tiana Phillips. In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by his sister, Wanda Atwell. The family will plan a memorial gathering later.
Lillie Arrington Huddleston
Mrs. Lillie Arrington Huddleston, age 91, of LaGrange, passed away on November 24, 2019 at the WellStar West Georgia Hospice. Mrs. Huddleston was born on September 29, 1928 in Meigs, Georgia to the late Marvin and Lillie Hall Fulghum. She retired after many years as the Church Secretary for the First Baptist Church of Pelham, in Pelham Georgia. In addition to her parents, she was preceded in death by her husband, Zenas Huddleston; her first husband, Robert Arrington, Sr.; son in law, Tony West; brother, Wes Fulghum. Survivors include her sons, Robert Arrington, Jr. (Joyce) and Marvin Arrington (Melisa); daughters, Vickie Moore (Wade), Annie Mathias (Bill), Marlene West, Renee Poppell (Joe), Janice Heard (Mike) and Carolyn Reaves (David); sister, Rubye King; 17 grandchildren and 8 great grandchildren; extended family and friends. A memorial service will be held on Saturday, December 7, 2019 at 2:00 pm at the Enon Baptist Church in Alto, Georgia with Pastor Clint Peterson officiating. Family will receive friends from 1:00-2:00 pm at the church on the day of the service. Family interment will be held at a later date. In lieu of flowers, donations may be made to the WellStar West Georgia Hospice, Enon Baptist Church in Alto, Georgia or the Lillie Renee Foundation.
James Vernon Townsend
James Vernon Townsend, known to some as Vernon, passed away on Monday, November 25, 2019 at age 63 in his home in Lagrange, Georgia. Memorial services will be held at 5pm on Wednesday, December 4, 2019, at Del’avant Event Center in Lagrange, GA. Arrangements are being made by Lakes-Dunson-Robertson Funeral Home. James Vernon Townsend was born on March 28, 1956, the second child of the late James Edward and Ruby Bernice Townsend. He graduated from Mount Vernon High School in 1974, where he ran Track & Field in High School. James attended Westchester Community College in Greenburg, New York and pursued a career as a Senior Network Engineer in the IT industry. In 1992, James married Vivienne A. Phillips and they lived in Wappingers Falls, New York with their daughters, Danielle and Nadia. For a short period of time, James and Vivienne opened their home and became foster parents for 2 young sisters. Sadly, Vivienne preceded him in death on September 1, 1996. James committed his life to Christ and diligently served at Holy Light Pentecostal Church as a Deacon. In 2007, James moved to Georgia and settled in LaGrange. James loved his family deeply and those that crossed his path were touched by his warmth, grace and integrity. His laugh was unmistakable and his smile was infectious. He endured much but was steadfast in his faith. He was a true friend and a fighter. He was a protector and faithful man who would go above and beyond to do anything he could to assist anyone. His kindness was beyond reproach. James was adored and admired by many, including those he worked with in the IT Department at District 4 Public Health in Lagrange. He is survived by his 2 daughters, Danielle Townsend and Nadia Townsend; 2 sisters, Patricia L. Douglas and Alethia C. Townsend; 4 grandchildren, Viviyanna D. Bradly, Peyton J. McGhee, Preston R. McGhee, and Issac B. McGhee; and 2 aunts, Thelma Townsend and Gladys Singleton; and several immediate first cousins, nephews and nieces, grand nephews and a host of cousins. His brothers in life included Ron Nembhard from Connecticut, David Washington from Maryland, and Ponce Hatch from Virginia. Memorials may be given to Nadia and Danielle Townsend. The family wishes to extend our sincere thanks to Lakes-Dunson-Robertson Funeral Home, and the IT Department at the District 4 Public Health in Lagrange, GA.
Johnnie David Brown
Johnnie David Brown, passed away on November 30, 2019 at the WellStar West Georgia Hospice. He was born on June 3, 1950 to the late John Leonard Brown and Rose Marie Lynch Brown. He proudly served in the Unites States Army for 21 years. In addition to his parents he is preceded in death by his wife, Leslie Grewe Brown; brothers, Donald Brown and Danny Brown. Survivors include his sons and daughter, Brenda Brown (Steve), Brian Brown (Terry); David Brown (Ashley); brother, Denver Brown; grandchildren, Caitlyn Puller, Carmen Puller, Trey Stogner, Kira Brown; many adopted grandchildren; extended family and friends. A time of visitation was held on Monday, December 2, 2019 at the Higgins LaGrange Chapel from 12:00 – 1:00 PM. The memorial service began at 1:00 PM at the funeral home.
Willie Lindsey, age 100, passed away on November 26, 2019 at the WellStar West Georgia Medical Center. She was born on November 28, 1918 to the late Loyd Posey and Sarah Posey Hunt. In addition to her parents she is preceded in death by her extended family; Thomas Posey (Tina), Alan Posey, James Posey, James Bradley, Hubert Posey. Survivors include her daughter, Susie Fields, brothers, George Posey, James Posey, Claude Posey; nieces and nephews, Shirley Posey, Hugh Posey; great nieces and nephews, Jody Posey (Christina), Cody Fields, Nikita Fields (Jesse Alexander), Brian Fields (Tiffany Tuggle), Kim Posey, Mindy Spradlin (David); great great nieces and nephews, Payton fields, Kyleigh Fields, Aray Fields, Alexander Fields, Desie Alexander, Aubrey Alexander, Gracie Spradlin, Katelyn Spradlin, Dillion Spradlin, Collin Spradlin, Abbigail Posey, Olivia Posey; extended family and many friends. Plans will be announced at a later date by Higgins Funeral Home.


Over the course of the last 12 months, the Lincoln skyline has changed and continues to do so with more construction in line.
Businesses across the city have expanded with purpose-built sites and revitalised old buildings.
The city centre has undergone drastic changes, which has included road layouts and work is underway to change the way the High Street looks, bringing bigger store names to the city.
Here’s a recap of some of the biggest developments in Lincoln:
Lincoln Transport Hub
Once complete, the new hub will create 1,000 new car parking spaces, a new bus station and railway improvements.
Work on the new Transport Hub is still underway and is expected to be completed in early 2018.
A place for shopping
It was announced in November that St Marks shopping precinct is in line for a £150 million revamp, with plans to demolish the western section to make way for new shops, a hotel and flats.
The plans would see around eight businesses pulled down and replaced, including Toys R Us, Toby Carvery, Burger King, Pizza Hut, Homebase, the former Lidl and a two-storey car park.
Proposals will be considered by the city’s planning department at a later date.
The first three national retailers have been confirmed for the £70 million Cornhill Quarter regeneration and will be opening in summer 2017.
Demolition of the old building extensions started in September.
New life for The Lawn
After nearly two years of planning and bidding, the keys to Lincoln’s iconic site and buildings at The Lawn were officially handed over to RW Stokes & Sons to create its new £2 million head office in August.
Work officially started in December to convert the former ‘lunatic asylum’ off Union Road to include new café, coffee roastery, restaurant, offices, shops, a barista training centre and a theatre, as well as serving as the new headquarters for the Lincoln based company.
Green space at the site has also been turned into more car parking spaces.
Also on the cards is a new £96 million Lincoln Eastern Bypass, which already has contractors lined up and ready to go.
Despite objections from local residents, a third Lidl was approved for the Lincoln on the site of the former Ocean Chinese Restaurant in North Hykeham in January.
The Lidl at the Carlton Centre is set to move across the road to the former bakery and hand car wash site on Deacon Road as Lincolnshire Co-op, who owns the site, look to redevelop the shopping precinct bringing in new retailers and jobs.
The current Lidl site will be converted into three separate units.
Netto also had a fleeting visit to Lincoln, opening in the former Blockbuster on Lindis Retail Park off Tritton Road, only to close nine months later.
The Lincoln Mosque
Despite plans for Lincoln’s first purpose-built mosque to be completed in October or November this year, work was halted on the £1.5 million development.
Construction work ceased temporarily in September after the Islamic Association of Lincoln terminated their contract with previous builders, following legal advice.
Building work resumed in November with Lincoln firm Active8 Building Limited taking the lead on the ongoing construction.
Business park expansion
A new place for education
The scheme would include 180 new homes (previously 750) and agri-food and heritage education facilities.
However, proposals have been met with objections over the redevelopment.
These protests have lead to the government announcing possible legal action against the University of Lincoln for its plans to demolish parts of the current Riseholme College campus to develop housing.
Designs were also revealed for the new £12.5 million University of Lincoln Sarah Swift building on the site of the city’s former Pea Warehouse in March, which will house the Schools of Health and Social Care and Psychology.
Construction is set to be completed in May 2017.
One the Brayford
Developers Jackson & Jackson continue to thrive as plans for three new restaurants, luxury apartments and office space on Brayford Wharf were unanimously approved in March.
Work started on the development of the site in August with completion anticipated for Easter 2017.
New to Lincoln
2016 has seen a host of new businesses open in and around the city including Wildwood, which opened in the former Mall on Lincoln High Street.
Lincoln’s new all-you-can-eat Brazilian restaurant Tiago opened in the former late night bar Brewhaus in October.
French food lovers are now able to get a table at Côte Brasserie, which opened in February.
A new Amazonian tribe-inspired, specialist coffee shop Makushi Coffee Limited opened on Steep Hill in August.
A new chippy also opened on the High Street in October after a £100,000 investment.


Tonight was a first......Kyoto's.....very yummy! Thanks Pattersons for inviting us!!
Thursday, July 30, 2009
Saturday, July 18, 2009
Sunday, July 5, 2009
We had a great time shakin' our booties to some disco last night at the Glass Cactus. It was a great time, but very, very HOT!!!! I don't think we cooled down all night. The fireworks were beautiful over the lake. I'm so glad to have shared it with Charley. In 6 years at the fire dept, this was only his 2nd 4th of July off, so we took full advantage :) And I couldn't have done it without my dance partner Ginger! Good times...
I'm the lucky one!


Hotels Near Times Square :: RoomMate Grace is Kind of an Expensive Broad
RoomMate Grace Hotel, formerly the Hotel QT, had rooms going for $349 a night on Quikbook for Monday July 21st. Unless, they combined their notoriously small rooms into spacious suites, this is a totally bad rate.
Keep in mind that a "Petite" room is one of the smallest rooms in the hotel, starting at 170-sq.ft. We think it was probably an F Type room under the old QT system.


Two men were charged Monday in Douglas County District Court with attempting to steal tractors early Saturday from a Baldwin business.
Daniel W. Crowder, 58, Smithton, Mo., and John H. Stone, 33, Kansas City, Mo., were among four suspects arrested after Baldwin Police were sent to check on reports of suspicious activity at Heritage Tractor, 915 Industrial Park Road.
Crowder and Stone each were charged with one count of attempted theft and one count of misdemeanor criminal damage to property.
The charges allege the two were attempting to steal two John Deere lawn and garden tractors. Two tractors also were damaged during the incident. If convicted of attempted theft charges, the men could face sentences of up to 13 months in prison and be ordered to pay a fine. A conviction for misdemeanor criminal damage could mean a six-month jail sentence and a fine.
In addition, Missouri authorities want to extradite Stone on a warrant for a state parole violation.
Judge Pro Tem Peggy Kittel set a $3,000 bond for Crowder and ordered him to appear at 2 p.m. today in court for scheduling of a preliminary hearing.
Kittel set Stone's bond at $10,000 for the Douglas County charges and another $10,000 for the Missouri warrant. He also was ordered to appear today in court for scheduling a preliminary hearing.
After arriving at Heritage Tractor, police discovered two tractors loaded onto a truck. They also stopped a van on U.S. Highway 56 east of the business as it attempted to leave the area.
Two of the men were arrested after the van was stopped, and three men fled on foot. Two of them were later arrested after a search that involved several law enforcement agencies.
Charges are pending against two other suspects, a 52-year-old Independence, Mo., man and a 30-year-old Kansas City, Mo., man. They were released Monday from the Douglas County Jail on $20,000 each but ordered to appear later this month in court for possible charges.
The fifth suspect was arrested Monday morning when he went to the Baldwin Police Department to ask about his truck. He was being held in jail pending charges.
The truck, which had been linked to the Heritage Tractor escapade, had been found over the weekend abandoned in Wellsville. It was impounded by police, Baldwin Chief Mike McKenna said.


John Allen Gilmore
John Allen Gilmore 86, of Wichita Falls, Texas formally of Duncan, passed away Thursday, April 16, 2020 at Texoma Christian Care in Wichita Falls, Texas.
Graveside funeral services will be Monday, April 20, 2020 at 2:00 p.m. with Rev. Richard (Snip) Allen officiating, and arrangements have been entrusted to the family care of Carter-Smart Funeral Directors.
John was born March 21, 1934 in St. Louis, Oklahoma to Altus and Clora ( Jennings) Gilmore, John worked many years in the oilfield, eventually retiring from Wal-Mart where he had worked 20+years in the Garden Department. He was a member of Country Side Free Will Baptist Church in Velma, Oklahoma where he served as Deacon at the church. John had many hobbies, he loved to paint on canvas and ceramics, and work in his vegetable and flower garden. He adored his granddaughters and great-grandchildren. John married Rachel Abshire March 22, 1958 at Santa Fe Free Will Baptist Church, Santa Fe, Oklahoma. For the past three years John and Rachel have been living at Texhoma Christian Care Center in Wichita Falls, Texas, where he went to live with his savior on April 16, 2020. He will be greatly missed...
Survivors include his wife; Rachael of the home, sons; Tommy Gilmore and his wife Hope of Collinsville, Oklahoma and Charles Gilmore and his wife Patty of Wichita Falls, Texas, a sister; Karen Johnson and her husband Glenn of Omaha, NE., granddaughters; Lyndsey Rollins of Miami, Oklahoma, Loren Williams and her husband Derek of Spring Creek, NV. and Polly Gilmore and Dillion Germany of Wichita Falls, Texas and great-grandchildren; Blace Rollins of Miami, Oklahoma, Olivia and Levi Williams of Spring Creek, NV. and multiple nieces, nephews, great nieces and great nephews.
John was preceded in death by his parents Altus and Clora Gilmore and a brother and sister-in-law; Don Gilmore and his wife Carol of Duncan, Oklahoma.
Online condolences may be sent to www.cartersmartfuneralhome.com
To send flowers to the family or plant a tree in memory of John Allen Gilmore, please visit our floral store.


Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations
Barnes & Noble Publishing, 1992 - Quotations, English - 520 pages
The essential reference guide for writers and speechmakers. Thousands of famous quotations indexed by subject, author and keyword. 393 pages + index.
Other editions - View all
Abraham Lincoln Adams American asked Attributed August Author become believe Benjamin build called chapter Charles Churchill citizens City civilization Collected common Complete Congress Constitution death December earth enemy equal Franklin freedom friends George give hand happiness heart Henry honor hope House human interests James January John F July June Justice keep Kennedy land letter liberty lines live Lord March means mind moral nation nature never opinion Originally party peace person political President principles published quotation quoted Record remarks reported Representative reprinted Robert Roosevelt Senator September served society speak speech stand SUBJECT things Thomas Jefferson thought trans truth United University Unverified Washington Writings wrong York young


The Organizing Committee of the 2019 African Cup of Nations has revealed the details of the tickets for the first round matches of the tournament.
The committee published on its official page on the social networking site “Facebook” details of ticket prices for the first round of the tournament.
According to the official page of the committee, the “flying seats” at the Alexandria Stadium is the cheapest: the ticket price is 30 LE. Alexandria Stadium will host Group B matches, which includes Nigeria, Guinea, Burundi and Madagascar.
It is worth mentioning that the committee revealed earlier that the amendment of the price of tickets for the first round of Egypt to become 150 pounds instead of 200 pounds.


SAN ANTONIO, TX- The sentencing hearing for Jack Dillion Young was completed after three days, on November 9th, 2018. State District Judge Camile Dubose sentenced Young to 55 years in prison, according to San Antonio Express-News.
Young, from Leakey, caused the vehicle crash in Uvalde County on March 2017 that killed 13 people headed home from a church retreat. It was determined that at the time of the crash, Young had been misusing his prescribed antidepressants and was under the influence of marijuana.
He pleaded no contest on May 31 to the 13 counts of intoxicated manslaughter and one count of intoxication assault. Young faced up to 270 years in prison.


Participation of Developing Countries in Limiting Emissions
A majority believes that the developing countries should be expected to limit their greenhouse gas emissions, but that these countries should not have to reduce emissions. If the developing countries do not accept such limits, a majority nonetheless favors proceeding with the Kyoto Treaty or working to reduce emissions.
Requiring Developing Countries to Limit Emissions
A key controversy surrounding the Kyoto Treaty is whether developing countries should be required to limit their greenhouse gas emissions. The US Senate has taken the position that the US should not sign a treaty without such requirements, while many developing countries and some developed countries have taken the position that they should not be expected to do so because their per capita emissions are so much lower.
A June 2004 PIPA poll found that a large majority does not expect developing countries to reduce their emissions but it does expect them to impose some kind of limits. Respondents were given a question with three response options. A minority of 30% chose the option of requiring cuts. A majority of 64% either chose the option of requiring that the developing countries minimize the rate of the growth of their emissions (42%) or of not requiring any limits (22%). At the same time, an overwhelming majority of 72% wanted to require some kind of limits either by cutting emissions (30%) or minimizing the growth of emissions (42%). These numbers are essentially unchanged from when PIPA asked this question in 1998.
In the April 1998 PIPA poll respondents were also told that there is a controversy about "whether the less-economically developed countries should also be expected to cut their emissions of the greenhouse gasses that cause global warming." Respondents were then offered a choice between two statements. One statement presented the position taken by many developing countries: "On a per-person basis, less-developed countries produce far less greenhouse gases than developed countries. Therefore, the less-developed countries should not be required to limit their emissions until they develop their economies more." Only a minority -- 38% -- chose this statement. A majority of 55% preferred the opposing argument: "The less-developed countries produce a substantial and growing amount of greenhouse gases. Therefore, they should be required to limit their emissions."
Other polls strongly confirm that strong majorities think developing countries should be expected to limit their emissions. However, in all cases the question was presented with only two options, thus not allowing the respondent to distinguish between the requirement to reduce or to limit. In an April 2001 Pew Research Center poll, only 24% concurred with the view that "since poorer countries did not cause much pollution, they should not have to bear as much of the burden in dealing with global warming," while 67% concurred with the view that "every country, rich or poor, should make the same changes now in order to limit future global warming, no matter how much of the pollution they created originally."  In a USA Today/Sankei Shimbun October 1997 poll, 73% of US respondents said "The same energy regulations to reduce global warming should apply to all countries around the world," while just 21% thought "There should be strict energy regulations for the United States and other advanced countries, and less strict regulations for Third World countries that have not yet achieved economic development."  Finally, a November 1997 Charlton Research poll asked respondents to agree or disagree with this statement: "Global warming concerns need to be addressed on a global scale by all countries including China, India, and Mexico and not just by a select few countries such as the US and Europe." An overwhelming 89% agreed (72% strongly), while only 8% disagreed.
Readiness to Support Treaty Even Without Limits on Developing Countries
Another key question is what the developed countries should do if the developing countries do not agree to limits. A modest majority of 53% in PIPA's 1998 study felt the US should nonetheless sign the Kyoto Treaty -- contrary to the position of the US Senate. Given that 59% initially approved of ratification, it appears that support for the treaty is only diminished 6% if the developing countries refuse to accept limits.
Other polls have also found that the majority feels the US should take steps to reduce global warming -- a less specific action than ratifying the Kyoto Treaty -- irrespective of what other countries do. Most recently, in a March 2001 Gallup question 52% said "the United States should reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other gases that may contribute to global warming even if it does so by itself, " while 34% said the US should reduce emissions "only if other countries do so as well" (should not reduce at all, 10%; Time/CNN). The November 1997 CBS/New York Times poll asked those who had heard something about global warming (85% of the sample): "Should the United States take steps now to cut its own emissions of greenhouse gases, regardless of what other countries do, or should the US wait for many countries to agree to take steps together to cut down on greenhouse gases?" An overwhelming 76% said the US should take steps regardless of what other countries do.  In a September 1998 Mellman poll, 66% said the US " should take action to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions regardless of what other countries do," while another 14% said it should agree to do so "as long as other industrialized countries also agree to reduce." Only 11% said the US should reduce "only if all the other industrialized and all the developing countries agree to reduce," while 5% said the US "should not take any action to reduce."


Have you ever wondered what gives Indian pickles that smacking taste in your mouth? Well in most cases that palate-tickling flavour comes from fenugreek seeds! These seeds are also responsible for the nutty aroma in many Indian curries.
The botanical name for fenugreek is Trigonella foenum-graecum. It is known as Methi in Hindi, Marathi and Bengali, Menthe in Kannada, Menthulu in Telugu, Uluva in Malayalam and Vendhayam in Tamil. Fenugreek seeds seem to have been around for quite a while, with discoveries dating back to 4000 BC Iraq and the Bronze Age. Seeds have also been found in Tutankhamen’s tomb and they have been mentioned in first-century Roman recipes. Did you know that there are various health benefits of fenugreek seeds?
Fenugreek is mainly found in Mediterranean countries as well as in the Middle East and South East Asia. India is one of the biggest fenugreek producers in the world, with 80% production being from the state of Rajasthan.
Fenugreek leaves are used either dry or fresh. Fenugreek seeds are used as they are, and are also sprouted and used as micro greens. In cuisine, fenugreek seeds act as a stabilizer, flavouring agent as well as thickener.
Health Benefits of Fenugreek Seeds
Besides its uses in cooking, fenugreek seeds have also been used in alternative medicine like Chinese medicine and Ayurveda. Ayurveda considers fenugreek an excellent food for people with a kapha dosha. Here are some more health benefits of fenugreek seeds.
1. Increases lactation.
Breast milk is the only recommended food for babies in the first six months, making low breast milk supply a serious issue. Fenugreek seeds are well known for boosting milk production in lactating mothers, which in turn helps babies gain weight. This is due to the seeds’ galactogogue properties, which stimulate the milk ducts to increase supply.
2. Reduces inflammation.
Fenugreek seeds possess certain compounds including flavonoids that offer several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Fenugreek seeds are used either directly or in poultice form to heal join pain, swelling and wounds.
3. Strengthens hair.
Fenugreek seeds are an important ingredient in traditional hair strengthening remedies. The seeds contain proteins and nutrients that strengthen roots. The potassium in the seeds also help prevent premature greying while the nicotinic acid and lecithin stimulate follicles for growth.
4. Improves Skin Health
Thanks to their anti-inflammatory properties, fenugreek seeds are used to heal skin issues like acne, hyper-pigmentation and excessive oiliness. The niacin, calcium and Vitamin A in the skin help reduce oil production. The natural fiber in the seeds also make them an excellent exfoliant.
5. Aids digestion.
Fenugreek seeds contain water soluble fiber which relieves constipation and regularizes bowel movements. They also help against digestive issues like heart burn, with its effects being as good as those of an antacid. In fact, fenugreek seeds are often used in diet plans to treat ulcerative colitis.
6. Reduces period pain.
Dysmenorrhea or painful menstrual cramps can be severely limiting, and fenugreek seeds work as effective painkillers for the same. They contain compounds that imitate oestrogen, like diosgenin and isoflavones, which provide almost immediate relief from pain.
Tips to Buy and Store Fenugreek Seeds
It’s best to buy whole fenugreek seeds and grind them at home whenever required. Since the aroma of the seeds decreases quickly, it’s best to grind small quantities at a time. Choose seeds with a golden yellow color with uniform size and strong aroma. Organic seeds tend to have better flavour than others.
When stored in an airtight container in a cool, dark place, the seeds will last for up to one year, although the powder will only stay fresh for a few weeks.The best way to dry roast fenugreek is to roast on a heated pan over medium heat for 2-3 minutes, tossing the seeds till they turn brown.
Do you know of any more health benefits of fenugreek seeds? If you do, please share it with me in the comments! I would love to know more!
This post was originally written for the Spice Story Series for Quint Fit. You can view rest of the post here.


This is a java applet showing a simple resistive circuit. The green color indicates positive voltage, and the gray color indicates ground (or earth). The movement of yellow dots indicates current (in the conventional direction). The left side of the circuit shows a voltage source providing 5 volts, and the current flows through a number of switches and resistors to the right. The amount of resistance in ohms is shown to the right of each resistor.
To turn a switch on or off, just click on it. If you move the mouse over any component of the circuit, you will see a short description of that component and its current state in the lower right corner of the window.
If there is only one switch closed on top and one closed on the bottom, then there is a single path through the circuit, and by Ohm's Law, the current will be equal to 5V divided by the total resistance through the current path.
If there are multiple current paths, you may have resistors in parallel.
Previous: Ohm's Law


From Vermont to Monteverde
Field Research has been the cornerstone of this little school in the Green Mountains of Vermont–at the grassroots level within its small flourishing community–to the State Capital and the Nation’s Capital–to the Atlantic coast and the shores of NYC–and finally to Central America–in its capstone work for graduating students.
This spring research trip for 22 Junior High students centers around the question: Vermont to Monteverde, How are we connected? To unravel this question, 7th and 8th graders have been studying international trade—focusing on coffee and tourism—and the influence of human behavior on local and global ecologies.
“Schools have always tried to foster responsible citizenry, and more than ever we must consider what it means to be a global citizen,” says Principal Francie Marbury. “Our middle school curriculum fosters global awareness through culture, economics and ecology. Students learn learn basic skills, and prepare for their the future in the best way—by being actively engaged in real world problems and solutions.”
- Practice of Democracy: Students make real decisions about the classroom, fundraising, and the parts of the curriculum using a government they chose.
- Spanish Language: Nothing makes a foreign language more relevant than traveling. While in Central America we will be visiting schools and using the language skills we have been developing in class to get to know the people and places of Costa Rica.
- Social Studies: From an understanding of world trade from the Silk Road to the Atlantic Slave Trade, we look specifically at the economics of the coffee & tourist trade as they connect the United States and Costa Rica.
- Ecology: Due to global warming and deforestation in the lowlands, the montane cloud forests of Monteverde are particularly vulnerable with numerous rare species threatened. This illuminates the unintended impact of human activity on ecosystems–a theme for ecology our classes.
For many students, this will be their first time out of the country or their first time on a plane. Some will credit this journey for shaping a lifetime of world travel and study. Others will mark it as their single trip abroad. ALL will return home with a broader perspective of the world in which they live and a greater sense of what it means to be a global citizen.
With 2 months left to go, the students have already raised close to 75% of the overall costs, enabling all students to participate regardless of ability to pay.


At a recent Happy Museum gathering at Woodhorn Museum, Lucy Neal introduced the concept of climate change as a ‘wicked’ problem. Reading from Tackling Wicked Problems, a 2007 policy perspective from the Australian Public Service Commission she noted that the term ‘wicked’ is here used, not in the sense of evil, but rather as an issue highly resistant to resolution. The paper identifies wicked problems, like Climate Change, as having common characteristics:
- Wicked problems are difficult to clearly define. Different stakeholders have different versions of what the problem is and no one version is complete or verifiably right or wrong.
- They have many interdependencies and are often multi-causal. Attempts to address wicked problems often lead to unforeseen consequences.
- Wicked problems are often not stable, they usually have no clear solution (although there might be worse or better responses)
- They are socially complex and solutions involving changing behaviour with all the challenges that entails.
- Wicked problems hardly ever sit conveniently within the responsibility of any one organisation.
- Some wicked problems are characterised by chronic policy failure.
So far – so challenging? What really set me thinking though was the observation that ‘wicked’ policy problems are difficult to tackle effectively using traditional public sector techniques. New responses are needed that are collaborative, innovative and flexible. I wondered how Happy Museum approaches might map against the types of response identified as needed to address ‘wicked’ problems.
The need for holistic, not partial or linear thinking
Happy Museum takes an holistic approach to the challenges of climate change, linking thinking around sustainability with a focus on societal wellbeing. It sheds light on how thinking of these two issues in conjunction might offer the key to providing a more resilient future and investigates the particular role that museums and culture have to play.
Drawing on thinking beyond the cultural sector, from economics, ecology, psychology and design, our events are characterised by a diversity of participation. bringing our community of practice alongside representatives from think tanks, NGOs and academia such as New Economics Foundation (NEF) and Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT) and social movements like the Transition Network. As we identified at a recent event bringing together a range of thinkers around this subject – ‘Our own happiness is short-lived if we achieve wellbeing for our generation at the environmental expense of future generations.’
Innovative and flexible approaches built on action, experimentation and evaluation
Happy Museum combines practical action with evaluation and research. Through a programme of funded commissions in 22 museums, our Community of Practice experimented and innovated with Happy Museum thinking to develop our six Principles. An evaluation underpinned by the Story of Change model to plan and review is at the heart of our Principle Measure What Matters. It’s a logical approach which reverse-plans from the difference we are hoping to make to what we do and how we do it, whilst leaving space for the imaginative and unanticipated. As Albert Einstein once said, “Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.”
Work collaboratively across boundaries
Happy Museum focuses on sharing ownership and encourages museums to work from the basis of mutual benefit (give and gain) with their volunteers, audiences, participants and staff alike.
Through our Principle, Create Mutual Relationships, we explore how museum staff and public can work together, with different expertise but equal status, to achieve common outcomes such as making a sustainable and flourishing locality in which to live and work. Our commissions have tested new ways of collaborative working such as Human-Centered Design at Derby Silk Mill, and creating new connections with local environmental groups and agencies in projects at Godalming and Reading museums.
Engage stakeholders (which may include citizens) in understanding the problem and identifying responses
As the New Citizenship Project identifies – studies show that when we think of ourselves as consumers we are less likely to tackle society’s biggest problems, such as climate change, while when we think of ourselves as citizens we are more likely to participate, volunteer and come together to make society stronger and more resilient.
Our Principle Be an Active Citizen encourages us to support the needs of individuals and encourages active involvement and engagement from visitors, volunteers and staff alike. As Nat Edwards of the Robert Burns Birthplace described at our third Symposium “When we started using the Happy Museum principles as the meeting agenda items, suddenly the catering manager started talking about her advocacy work in mental health and whether the learning team could help her, soon they were talking together – and now we have a regular event around that interest. Across the board, there’s a real sense of autonomy and can-do excitement among everyone.”
Develop core skills and competencies – communication, big picture thinking and influencing skills, and the ability to work cooperatively
Communities who learn together become more resilient. As Barbara Heinzen identifies in How Societies Learn resilience and adaptation come from learning gained in small diverse groups, project by project over time.
Museums enable individuals and communities to learn together. Museum learning is already all the things much orthodox learning is not: curiosity driven; non-judgmental; non-compulsory; engaging; informal and fun. The people needed in the future will be resilient, creative, resourceful and empathetic systems-thinkers, exactly the kind of capacities museum learning can support. Museums have the potential to develop our understanding of why and how education needs to change to bring about these capacities. Our Principle Learn for Resilience encourages learning across and between communities using the collections as a catalyst and the museum as a host.
Envision and explore the future / adopt a long-term focus
At our 2012 Symposium, Andrew Simms then of the New Economics Foundation, identified the potential of museums to ‘challenge the myth of permanence’. Museum collections evidence of the adaptability of the human race and show the enormous societal shifts we are capable of, shirts in energy, production, consumption, transport, arts and culture as well as in ethics and morals. Museums are in a unique position to engage us in longer-term thinking as an antidote to today’s accelerating culture and to provide space and context to reflect on possible futures.
Our principle Value the environment and be a steward of the future as well as the past encourages museums to consider collections and the environment as part of the same ‘Museum ecology’ – its cultural and natural resources.
“Working on this project has made us realise that environmental sustainability is at the heart of the story the museum tells about development and change in the local community, and is important for its own sustainable long term operation.” Godalming Museum
Understand how to change behaviour.
Happy Museum has deliberately engaged with experts in psychology and human behaviour. Contributors to Happy Museum events have included Kris De Meyer from Kings College who specialises in the psychology and neuroscience of belief and is working with scientists on how an understanding of belief might inform their communication around climate change; Tom Crompton, Director of Common Cause who focus of an understanding of human values and is now working with Manchester Museum and playwright and activist Sarah Woods whose performance The Empathy Roadshow introduced us to the existence of mirror neurons, which, scientists argue, prove humans are hard-wired for empathy.
Viewing Climate Change as a wicked problem throws valuable light on the particular role and approaches that museums might take to connect with it in a way that is meaningful and effective.
We can also take encouragement from the fact our challenge may be wicked, but our world is complex, and in that very complexity solutions may arise.
“We live in a complex world. Not just a complicated world, a complex world. Climate change is a very complex problem. The great thing about complexity is that it has emergent properties. Things come out that you would never anticipate, in fact you cannot anticipate them. The good thing about that is that it gives every single person, all 7 billion of us, are agents for change. Most of us will fail. Most of our ideas will wither and die on the vine, but a few seeds will flower and come forth, and the role of society is to nurture those ones, to fertilise those ones, to learn from those and to say what would we need to convert that up, to scale that up, and if you see the world as a complex problem, you’re no longer relying on the Prime Ministers and the leaders, you’re relying on all of us, as part of that change. It’s quite a hopeful message, that we could see change emerge from different places, to give ourselves all some scope for thinking differently about the future.’
Kevin Anderson, Professor of Energy and Climate Change, University of Manchester (full conversation here)
Perhaps the primary role of society, of culture, of museums, in this moment is to nurture our citizens, to give them space and context and to encourage them to ‘think differently about the future’?
If you are interested in learning more about the Happy Museum and contributing to the development of our thinking and practice have a look at our new Happy Museum Affiliate Scheme being launched in November 2016..
Hilary Jennings – November 2016


Longer and more complex bibliographies that will be distributed with a binding might want to use the twoside option. Contents 1 Introduction 2 Basic usage 3 The bibliography file 4 Customizing the bibliography 5 Adding the bibliography in the table of contents 6 Reference guide 7 Further reading. The following source code block sets up user entities that are used frequently in my work. If you want to use Biber, instead, you should call “set-pdf-process-biber”. The koma-article class is based on the Koma script article class scrartcl , which uses a sans-serif font for headings and a serif font for body text. Depending on how much detail you want in the table of contents, this could sensibly be set to toc: Open an example of the biblatex package in Overleaf.
Well, that’s part of it–but that’s the easy part The following two source code blocks set up a LaTeX class named koma-article that is referenced near the top of the file. Post as a guest Name. The source code block named set-pdf-process-bibtex uses BibTeX to process the bibliography. The source code block named koma-article-palatino is based on the beautiful Palatino font designed by Hermann Zapf. Bibliography management with biblatex. When it comes to bibliography management packages, there are three main options in L a T e X:
This file describes a template for creating an annotated bibliography document using Org mode. Sign up using Facebook.
Open an example of the biblatex package in Overleaf. The source code block named ebib-setup defines a cite command that Ebib will use to insert citations in an Org mode buffer. This article explains how to use biblatex to manage and format the bibliography in a L a T e X document. An example of its use can be found in the files 14c-workshop. Bibliography management with biblatex.
The template relies on a working LaTeX installation that includes several common LaTeX packages, and a database manager for Emacs table 1. Post as a guest Name. The options shown in the example: Could you please post a minimal example of what’s already working? Koma Article The following two source code blocks set up a LaTeX class named koma-article that is referenced near the top of the file.
Creating an Annotated Bibliograph
Alternately, this could be replaced by a call to “koma-article-palatino”. The last line, which starts up Org mode with entitiespretty is just a personal preference for the look of the buffer.
Is there something like this similar to the plain bibliography style? Thus, the following example will work just as well as the earlier example:. In addition, the paralist package is used for its compact versions of the LaTeX list environments. Not all the information in the. I’ve just worked around it for now, but would be interested if anyone actually figures out how to do this.
Well, that’s part of it–but that’s the easy part The first call creates an alias for the org-sbe function, so that the old name for this function, sbewill also be recognized. Thanks for the reply, but that’s not what I’m looking for.
How do we grade questions? As explained in The New Font Project: The following source code block sets up user entities that are used frequently in my work. If so, have you checked out the bibtopic package yet? I use the various.
This is simply achieved by exporting entries from one Ebib database to another.
CTAN: BibTeX annotation
I think the bibtopic package could indeed help you. The source code block named set-pdf-process-biber uses a newer bibliography processor named Biberwhich is designed to work with BibLaTeX.
I have just a standard bibliography working right now–easy stuff. TeX Gyrea goal annotaated the project was to produce good quality fonts with diacritical characters sufficient to cover all European languages as well as Vietnamese and Navajo.
The first of these typically holds a page number, the second holds a string that appears before the in-text citation typically, something like “e. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. The second call selects Times New Roman as the serif font.


Maths should be compulsory for all students over 16 years of age to help provide qualified workers for the high-tech industry, according to a House of Lords committee.
People who have taken maths at A-level are turning up for science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) degrees without the maths skills necessary for those courses, the Lords Science and Technology Committee said in a report on Tuesday. It noted that many undergraduates have to have remedial lessons when they begin university.
"The government has made clear that education and high-tech industry is vital to its plans to generate economic growth," sub-committee chair Lord Willis said in a statement. "However, without a highly skilled and knowledgeable workforce that will not be possible."
"It is vital therefore that higher education in the UK has a strong STEM sector and is able to produce the graduates and postgraduates high-tech industries will demand," he added.
According to the report, the government has failed to say exactly how it will support postgraduate STEM study, which the committee sees as being vital to encourage high-tech entrepreneurs. In addition, the authorities have not explained the benefits of further study in STEM, or taken steps to market STEM to potential postgraduates.
There could be a "triple-whammy" effect on postgraduate take-up of STEM places due to higher fees, a lack of student finance, and a tightening of immigration rules that could exclude foreign students, the report noted.
It is not clear whether the UK is turning out a sufficient number of graduates to cope with demand from employers, the committee noted. It recommended that a body be set up to provide real-time data analysis of STEM shortages.


Paramiko is a Python library that remotely connects to another computer using
SSHv2 (Secure Shell 2), an advanced SSH version. It is a network protocol to make a secure connection between two computers.
It provides both client and server facilities. We can transfer files remotely from one computer to another using SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) and SCP (Secure Copy Protocol).
We can use
SSHv2 to implement all well-known hash algorithms and ciphers in our programs.
Paramiko on Windows or Linux
We should install it first using the following command to use this library.
pip install paramiko
We will use the following command to check if
paramiko is already installed in Windows or Linux. If
paramiko is showing in the list, it is installed.


Cdc nutrition efforts support public health strategies and programs that improve dietary quality, support healthy child development, and reduce chronic disease skip directly to search skip directly to a to z list skip directly to navigation skip directly to page options skip directly to site content. Basic nutrition 35k likes community with the pressures to be slim and the desire to be healthy, you may become victim to the marketing strategies of this multi-billion dollar industry. The skin is the largest organ in the body it’s about 10% of your body weight proper nutrition helps keep your skin healthy, and allows it to complete the job of rebuilding tissue after a wound or other injury.
Food provides the energy and nutrients you need to be healthy nutrients include proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water healthy eating is not hard the key is to eat a variety of foods, including vegetables, fruits, and whole-grain products. Foods are basic and essential need of human not only that foods are basic right of human also so many persons, companies use foods to make only their revenue without giving any proper knowledge, information regarding the proper needs of foods that's why so many diseases are their obesity is. G ood nutrition, like good training, is simple - learn the basics and practice them consistentlya little knowledge and a lot more discipline is the secret apply yourself diligently - look ahead, don't look back and don't look for shortcuts. Basic nutrition 1 basicbasic nutritionnutrition medical careers ii 2 what is nutrition nutrition: the study of food, including how food nourishes our bodies how food influences our health nutrition is a relatively new discipline of science.
Basic nutrition pre/post-test a healthy, balanced diet includes these three major nutrients (macronutrients): a calories, fat, carbohydrate b carbohydrate, protein, fat. Dr mercola's nutrition plan level 1 dr mercola's nutrition plan the majority of you will highly benefit from starting at level 1— as there are basic requirements in this plan that may take time and patience to integrate into your daily life you may need to adjust to them before you can move on to level 2. Nutrition guidelines: getting started with so many diets and quick weight-loss promises on the market today, it's hard to remember what a healthy diet really looks like start here with the basics.
Popular nutrition books (showing 1-50 of 1,250) the china study: the most comprehensive study of nutrition ever conducted and the startling implications for diet, weight loss, and long-term health (paperback) by t colin campbell (shelved 297 times as nutrition. Nutritiongov is a usda-sponsored website that offers credible information to help you make healthful eating choices why shop at a farmers market watch this video to learn about the benefits of buying fresh, nutritious, delicious and locally grown foods. Chapter 3 basic ruminant nutrition 31 the rumen and its micro-organisms as the utilisation of forages by ruminants depends on microbial fermentative digestion, the principles of digestion in the rumen are discussed as a framework to view the requirements for biotechnology innovations in nutrition. Lecturer in human nutrition, school of biological sciences, dublin institute of technology, ireland dr yong-ming yu department of surgery, massachusetts general hospital and shriners burns hospital, harvard medical school, boston, massachusetts, usa viii contributors series foreword.
Founded by michael m meguid in the early 1980's, nutrition presents advances in nutrition research and science, informs its readers on new and advancing technologies and data in clinical nutrition practice, encourages the application of outcomes research and meta-analyses to problems in patient-related. Nutrition basics a healthy diet and lifestyle are your best weapons to fight cardiovascular disease it’s not as hard as you may think remember, it's the overall pattern of your choices that counts make the simple steps below part of your life for long-term benefits to your health and your heart. Using illustrations to convey basic nutrition concepts using actual local foods for hands-on meal planning and for teaching food categories helps low-literacy adults and children to understand nutrition health educators should try to acquire local foods to use in nutrition education in addition to laminated illustrations. The basics of healthy eating and good nutrition are the same for women and men: choose healthy foods most of the time and limit the amount of unhealthy foods you eatbut women have some unique nutritional needs, especially in different stages of life. Roughly one-third of adult americans are obese and hundreds of billions of dollars are spent on weight-related medical costs each year, according to the centers for disease control and prevention poor nutrition and the american fast-food diet are largely to blame to combat the rising obesity epidemic, government.
Nutrition research publishes research articles, communications, and reviews on all aspects of basic and applied nutrition the mission of nutrition research is to serve as the journal for global communication of nutrition and life sciences research on diet and health. The body needs energy to fuel its metabolic and physical activities three nutrients, carbohydrate, protein and fat, can provide energy to the body alcohol is not a nutrient, but it also provide energy when metabolized by the body in addition to providing energy carbohydrate, protein and fat build have other roles in building and maintaining body tissues and regulating body functions. Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism it includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion the diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods. Having nutrition knowledge is extremely important in our world today proper nutrition not only can benefit your health, but save you money as well whether your diet is top notch or average testing your knowledge of nutrition with our online quiz will not only entertain you, but may help you.
General nutrition and health information supermarket buying guide berkeley wellness specific tips in a supermarket guide to help you make wiser decisions aisle by aisle probiotics, the microbiome, and host immune response nih, national center for complementary and integrative health. The following is a quick guide to reading the nutrition facts label step 1: start with the serving size look here for both the serving size (the amount people typically eat at one time) and the number of servings in the package. Join the conversation get tips & support from others like you how many fruit and veggie servings do you eat each day join the 'eat up, slim down' challenge.


Chipping sparrows far outnumber any other sparrow that I see on or beneath my feeders. However, if I take the time to examine a flock of sparrows foraging for seeds in my bird feeding area, I sometimes discover a white-throated sparrow sparrow or two. This week, when I perused what I thought was a small flock of sparrows, I was pleasantly surprised that I to learn I was actually looking at a flock of pine siskins. For weeks, pine siskins have been seen across much of the northern portion of the state, but they had not reached my Middle Georgia yard until a few days ago.
Pine siskins are often mistaken for sparrows. It is small (4.3-5.5 inches long), brown and covered my streaks much like some of the sparrows. However, the bill of the pine siskin is very sharp and pointed whereas the bills of sparrows are more conical and blunt. Two white wing bars highlight bird’s wings. Splashes of yellow can also been seen on their wings and forked tail. Often these yellow feathers are most easily seen when the bird is fluttering its pointed wings.
Another thing that I have noticed is the pine siskins are full of energy and move about much more than sparrows. In addition, when they visit feeders they often fuss with one another as well as other birds. If you are in a position to hear their harsh, soft calls, you will find that they are constantly communicating with each other as they dine.
More often than not, they travel about in flocks. Currently I am feeding 10-15 birds each day. However, flocks of 20+ are not uncommon.
Unfortunately, I only see pine siskins every few years or so. When flights of siskins are seen deep into the Southeast it is a sign that there is a shortage of seeds produced by a variety of conifer trees that provide their favorite food.
If you want to attract pine siskins to your feeders, provide these migrants with plenty of nyger and sunflower seeds.
One word of caution: keep your bird feeding area clean. Mounting evidence suggests they are highly vulnerable to salmonella. This is one of the common diseases transmitted to birds feeding on the wet, deteriorating food that often collects beneath bird feeders.
Sadly, it is becoming more difficult to enjoy the sight of a flock of pine siskins feeding in our backyards. It seems that according to Partner’s In Flight pine siskins numbers have dropped 80% since 1970. Let’s all hope this alarming trend will soon be reversed so that the sights and sounds pine siskins will never disappear.


The U.S. Interior Department announced Friday that it will not be restoring federal protections for Yellowstone National Park’s grizzly bear population. This decision was made after a months-long review process and came despite a previous court ruling that questioned how the federal government allowed individual states to manage grizzly populations.
Thanks to protections that were introduced in 1975 as the grizzly bear was classified as a threatened species, Yellowstone’s grizzly population had grown from 136 that year to about 700 as of the present, Mother Nature Network wrote. In 2017, grizzlies were removed from the Endangered Species List, and the National Park Service wrote at that time that the species had made a “remarkable recovery” in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, with the population in the area believed to have reached its capacity.
As recalled by CBS News, the federal court-mandated review began last year, when it was decided that the Interior Department had to take into account the loss of a species’ historical habitat and how it could impact its recovery. This was part of a case involving Great Lakes-area gray wolves, which, in similar fashion to grizzly bears, have lost most of their historical habitat, but have nonetheless recovered in parts of the U.S. However, the Interior Department disagreed with this ruling on Friday, emphasizing that Yellowstone’s grizzly bear population has indeed recovered, and grizzlies that live outside of the park’s region are still given the required protections for threatened species.
Since last year, conservationists have expressed concern over the grizzly’s removal from the Endangered Species List. According to Mother Nature Network, these concerns have ramped up now that two of the three states the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem is located in have proposed limited public bear hunts for this fall. CBS News wrote that hunters are allowed to kill 10 male and two female grizzlies in Wyoming, and one male and no females in Idaho. Final rulings have yet to be made for the proposed bear hunts in both states.
— AlaskaWild ???? (@alaskawild) April 30, 2018
Another concern is the possibility of climate change putting the future of Yellowstone’s grizzly population at risk, as federal protections could ensure that the bears are able to adjust to any changes to their habitat or their sources of food.
In a statement issued to CBS News, Center for Biological Diversity staff attorney Andrea Santarsiere commented on the recent Interior Department announcement, maintaining that Yellowstone’s grizzlies haven’t recovered enough for protections to be lifted.
“They still occupy less than 5 percent of their historical range. That’s just not recovery.”
On the other hand, the Interior Department’s decision was praised by pro-hunting groups such as the Safari Club, whose attorney, Doug Burdin, told CBS News that the federal agency did the right thing and that there are key differences between the protections that grizzly bears and wolves should receive. He pointed out that non-Yellowstone grizzlies are still protected in the Lower 48 states, while the Great Lakes population of gray wolves was the last that was still protected by the U.S. government.


Play is one of the most engaging ways for kids to learn. Whether it’s building blocks or sharing shovels in the sandbox, playtime is an important part of child development.
According to the National Association for the Education of Young Children, play helps kids develop cognitive skills, physical abilities, vocabulary, social skills and more. Play is the child’s lab, the organization suggests.
“For children (and even adults) play brings out so many different opportunities for cognitive learning, team building, hand-eye coordination, and more,” says Michelle LeRoy, lead presenter at the Michigan Science Center in Detroit. “Play is good for everyone.”
It’s with this in mind that the science center is welcoming the new temporary exhibit, Toytopia. Opening Oct. 17 and available until March 31, Toytopia is a wonderland for kids and grown-ups, and it all revolves around learning through play and the importance of invention.
Features of the 9,500-square-foot exhibit, located in the Special Exhibit Hall on the center’s fourth floor, includes a giant 20-foot-tall interactive dollhouse that visitors can play in and explore, the world’s largest Etch-A-Sketch, a model railroad display, a huge LEGO® wall, old-school arcade games and more. You’ll also find classic favorites like Mr. Potato Head and Lincoln Logs.
“Toytopia proves that there’s science in everything,” LeRoy says. “For example, any kid that builds with LEGO® bricks is an engineer.”
Amanda Murray, an educator at MiSci, says that Toytopia will be a big draw for all ages with retro games like Star Wars and Donkey Kong.
“We’re anticipating that even the adults are going to have a fun and discover science,” Murray says.
And with toys from multiple decades, parents might find that they’re engaging in playtime with their kids in ways they weren’t able to before.
“Toytopia is sure to bridge the gap between generations,” says Meredith Gregory, public programs coordinator at the center. “It’s ideal for family members of all ages.”
While the exhibit is new, the concept of learning through play is one that the Michigan Science Center has always emphasized, Gregory says.
“We were really excited to find that this exhibit expands on the concepts that we were already in tune with,” she says. “As a hands-on museum, we bring science, play and invention together year-round.”
For pricing information, visit Mi-Sci.org.


|Scientific Name:||Laguncularia racemosa|
|Species Authority:||(L.) C.F.Gaertn|
|Red List Category & Criteria:||Least Concern ver 3.1|
|Assessor(s):||Ellison, A., Farnsworth, E. & Moore, G.|
|Reviewer(s):||Polidoro, B.A., Livingstone, S.R. & Carpenter, K.E. (Global Marine Species Assessment Coordinating Team)|
This species is widespread and tolerant of a variety of habitats. Relative to the other mangrove species within the wider Caribbean, the conservation status of this species appears to be more stable. However, this species is threatened by the loss of mangrove habitat throughout its range, primarily due to extraction and coastal development. There has been an estimated 17% decline in mangrove area within this species range since 1980. Mangrove species are more at risk from coastal development and extraction at the extremes of their distribution, and are likely to be contracting in these areas more than in other areas. It is also likely that changes in climate due to global warming will further affect these parts of the range. Therefore there are overall range declines in many areas, but not enough to reach any of the threatened category thresholds. This species is listed as Least Concern.
|Range Description:||The distribution of this species is restricted to the neotropics and West Africa (Tomlinson, 1986). It has been reported from the eastern tropical coasts of North and South America (ranging from Florida, U.S., 28°50', to Laguna, Brazil, 28°30') and all Caribbean Islands except Bermuda, Dominca and Netherlands Antilles; status on Anguilla is unknown (Wilkie and Fortuna 2003). It has been noted on the Pacific coast of South America from Estera Sargento, Mexico (29°17') south to Piura River, Peru (5°32') (de Lacerda, 2002). It is also noted from West Africa (Angola, Benin and Togo, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guniea, Guinea-Bisau, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sierra Leone (Spalding et al. 1997). It is absent in the Galapagos Islands, Cocos, and Malpelo, and Canary Islands.|
The south mid-Atlantic Island distributions should be confirmed.
Native:Angola (Angola); Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas; Barbados; Belize; Benin; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Saba, Sint Eustatius); Brazil; Cameroon; Cayman Islands; Colombia; Congo; Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Cuba; Curaçao; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; El Salvador; Equatorial Guinea; France; French Guiana; Gabon; Gambia; Ghana; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Jamaica; Liberia; Mexico; Montserrat; Nicaragua; Nigeria; Panama; Peru; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Martin (French part); Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Sint Maarten (Dutch part); Suriname; Togo; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos Islands; United States; United States Minor Outlying Islands; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Virgin Islands, British
|FAO Marine Fishing Areas:|
Atlantic – western central; Atlantic – southeast; Atlantic – southwest; Atlantic – eastern central; Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – southeast
|Range Map:||Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.|
|Population:||Although there is no species specific population information, it can be assumed that there are areas of population decline throughout its range due to coastal development.|
Individual population sizes are highly variable through time, as mortality of seedlings can be quite high due to competition with other mangroves (Sherman et al. 2001, Ross et al. 2006). Seedlings recruit in thousands following a disturbance (Sherman et al. 2001). Saplings and trees can number in thousands in a few areas, but Laguncularia tends to be less populous in a given mangal than the other Afrotropical species, with low importance values and basal area (Murray et al. 2003).
Eastern and western Atlantic provenances of Laguncularia show significant genetic differentiation, as indicated by leaf chemistry (Dodd et al. 1998). There have been no other genetic studies to date.
|Current Population Trend:||Decreasing|
|Habitat and Ecology:||This species tends to be found at the upper margins of the mangrove-upland interface, or high intertidal region, and not at the seaward margin (Tomlinson 1994, Sherman et al. 2001). Seedlings are less tolerant of salinity and changing hydroperiod than R. mangle (Cardona-Alarte et al. 2006). Although it is a pioneer and can establish in relatively open sites with low salinity and abundant nutrients, mortality of seedlings is nearly 100% (Tomlinson 1995).|
However, more important is the role of mangroves as nurseries for juvenile phases of economically-important fish and crustaceans. Laguncularia, being a landward mangrove, contributes to this indirectly by buffering upland pollutants.
|Use and Trade:||Timber income is not quantified for Laguncularia. Potential is good for limited use of timber products from trees in low-salinity habitats (Yanez-Espinosa et al. 2004); especially as trees can stump-sprout.|
Laguncularia is likely to be susceptible to increasing tidal height or salt intrusion, especially under conditions of sea-level rise (Ross et al. 2000). The invasive alien species, Schinus terebrinthifolius, is directly impacting populations in Florida (Schmalzer 1995, Herwitz et al. 1996, Gordon 1998, Ewe and Sternberg 2005). The species tends to be outcompeted by Rhizophora mangle; the native fern, Acrostichum aureum, may also affect seedling establishment. In addition, altough marine aquaculture is not documented specifically from the Caribbean, on the Pacific coast it is negatively impacting Laguncularia (Kovacs 1999). Although local estimates are uncertain due to differing legislative definitions of what is a 'mangrove' and to the imprecision in determining mangrove area, current consensus estimates of mangrove loss in the last quarter-century report an approximately 17% decline in mangrove areas in countries within this species range since 1980 (FAO 2007).
Laguncularia has a higher requirement for freshwater inputs than other mangrove species, so may be vulnerable to drought. Storms/floods/hurricanes have extensively damaged Laguncularia stands (Roth 1992, McCoy et al. 1996, Sherman et al. 2001, Piou et al. 2006, Ross et al. 2006). Laguncularia experiences high mortality and leaf loss during freeze events at the northern edge of its range in Florida (Ellis et al. 2006).
Selective logging is also a possible threat as this species is regarded as suitable for polewood construction on Pacific coast of Mexico (Kovacs 1999). Clear-cutting is occurring in certain areas (Suman 1994); loss rates are estimated at 1.4%/year for Laguncularia/Avicennia-dominated mangal in western Mexico (Ramirez-Garcia et al. 1998). Clearing of mangal for settlement and agriculture cited as major cause of decline in Latin America (Lacerda 1993) without a compensating economic return from agriculture or fast mangrove recovery (Tovilla-Hernandez et al. 2001). Subsistence use of Laguncularia for fuelwood occurs (Kovacs 1999).
All mangrove ecosystems occur within mean sea level and high tidal elevations, and have distinct species zonations that are controlled by the elevation of the substrate relative to mean sea level. This is because of associated variation in frequency of elevation, salinity and wave action (Duke et al. 1998). With rise in sea-level, the habitat requirements of each species will be disrupted, and species zones will suffer mortality at their present locations and re-establish at higher elevations in areas that were previously landward zones (Ellison 2005). If sea-level rise is a continued trend over this century, then there will be continued mortality and re-establishment of species zones. However, species that are easily dispersed and fast growing/fast producing will cope better than those which are slower growing and slower to reproduce.
In addition, mangrove area is declining globally due to a number of localized threats. The main threat is habitat destruction and removal of mangrove areas. Reasons for removal include cleared for shrimp farms, agriculture, fish ponds, rice production and salt pans, and for the development of urban and industrial areas, road construction, coconut plantations, ports, airports, and tourist resorts. Other threats include pollution from sewage effluents, solid wastes, siltation, oil, and agricultural and urban runoff. Climate change is also thought to be a threat, particularly at the edges of a species range. Natural threats include cyclones, hurricane and tsunamis.
There are no conservation measures specific to this species, but its range may include some marine and coastal protected areas. More research is needed on the effects of ongoing sea level rise on Laguncularia, given its low salinity tolerance. Likewise, the impacts of invasive species (and consequences of their removal) on Laguncularia need to be quantified.
The effectiveness of habitat restoration and success of replantings with Laguncularia needs to be assessed. New Landsat and IKONOS technology should be used to do species-based, landscape-level monitoring of deforestation (Kovacs et al. 2005). More research needed is on Laguncularia influences on water quality, erosion control, and pollution buffering.
Restoration of Laguncularia is being pursued in Florida (Milano 1999, McKee and Faulkner 2000), Costa Rica (Lewis and Marshall 1998) and Colombia (Elster and Perdomo 1999, Elster 2000). See valuable general review by Lewis (2005). More information and forestry trials are needed to optimize silvicultural techniques and management.
|Citation:||Ellison, A., Farnsworth, E. & Moore, G. 2010. Laguncularia racemosa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T178798A7609219.Downloaded on 28 July 2016.|
|Feedback:||If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided|


In Tanzania, youth – especially girls – are missing out when it comes to accessing important financial literacy education. But what is financial literacy? Well, it’s the different skills that help you understand how money works and also helps you develop good money-habits, like saving or making a budget. Once you know these skills then you will be able to keep your money under control all your life.
At Ubongo, we’re always on the lookout for new ways to help young people like YOU grow and succeed. We joined hands with DLI and Spring to figure out why girls are missing out on key financial literacy education and see what we at Ubongo could do about it. To find out what girls think about money, we travelled to rural parts of Nakuru (Kenya), Mwanza and Shinyanga (Tanzania). Just like kids in the city, the girls we spoke to got pocket money which they usually spent on candy and chips.
Next, we got creative! We came up with three brand new Ubongo Kids episodes teaching some of the most important money-management skills: saving, earning and budgeting. In these episodes our gritty girls start a savings club, figure out safe ways to earn money and use their ‘Ubongos’ to make a budget.
But we didn’t stop there – we also wanted to hear what YOU, our viewers, think! At the end of each episode we invited you to tell us what you think about money and employment. The response we received was amazing, with around 700 of you sharing your thoughts with us each week. In fact, your responses were so interesting, we decided to make some short videos to share the feedback with all of you too.
Here’s what you had to say about…
Savings (how do you keep your money?)
Earning (where do you get your money from?)
Lots of you felt education is important and said you save money to buy school supplies or for other educational goals. Many of you also told us where you save your money, with a bank account being the most popular place for saving.
We also wanted to understand how our viewers decide how much money to save, and how much to spend, so we asked you to tell us if you use a budget. 80% of you said you do use a budget to plan how to use your money.
Budget (how do you manage your money?)
We loved hearing about your money habits and value all the feedback we received. It goes to show that learning financial literacy skills is important for EVERYONE: it helps us manage our money each day and to reach our future goals. We hope we can continue to collect feedback from our viewers to find out even more about what YOU think, and to make more Ubongo Kids content to help you learn and succeed.


Whenever I met with doubts or challenges in teaching the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program, my mentor would gift me this timely reminder: "Erin, be curious. Curiosity will always get you out of trouble".
The cultivation of curiosity in mindfulness is an interesting practice to engage with. When was the last time you were truly curious about something? If you have observed a child figuring out the way the world works, you might notice the wonderment and spark in their eyes as they discover something new and interesting.
As a child, we were naturally curious and open about everything around us, and we simply wanted to explore. But as we grew up, fears, expectations and judgments set in, and we no longer approach things with genuine curiosity. We worry about the unknown or ambiguous, we reject repetition and avoid change, we seek concrete answers to the questions we ask, we tend to form biased perceptions, categorizing what we observe into stereotypes, and we almost always look to get something - usually a function or benefit - out of anything we see or come across.
Being curious about things is encouraged in mindfulness practice. In mindfulness, we practice a lot of acceptance towards the stresses and challenges in our life, but before we can even develop greater acceptance, we need to train the mind to see things just the way they are. We notice the prejudices and assumptions we tend to make, and learn to let go of preferences for things to go our way. When we are able to cultivate such genuine curiosity that is free from expectations and judgment, we usually experience remarkable changes to our relationship with the world around us.
- We notice less boredom: With genuine curiosity, we can see everything that comes our way from a fresh new perspective. We look at everything from the beginner's mind, instead of avoiding or resenting mundane, repetitive tasks. We also counter the fear of loneliness or isolation with more curiosity towards our experience. When we cultivate curiosity, we can notice how rich and amazing life can be.
- We notice fewer distractions: When we practice being curious, we open up our senses to the environment around us, thus allowing ourselves to rest in the present moment, instead of allowing the mind to wander off to ruminate about the past or worry about the future, which is the cause of much of our stress and unhappiness.
- We notice less striving: The late Vipassana meditation teacher S.N. Goenka explains that the practice of self-observation is akin to a scientist observing an experiment - s/he is simply observing what is happening, and is not attached to a specific outcome. When we cultivate curiosity during mindfulness practice, we pay more attention to the process, and learn to let go of attachments towards outcomes, such as the need to always achieve or benefit from something, or the preference for things to go the way we want.
- We notice less judgment: Curiosity helps us out of seeing things through coloured lens and making judgments about people or situations too quickly. We develop a more open and accepting attitude, and we're able to see things in totality and consider multiple perspectives.
- We notice less criticism: As we cultivate curiosity to let go of expectations and judgments, we usually become less critical of others; we are able to put ourselves in the shoes of others to empathize with what they are going through and better understand the underlying motivations behind their behaviours. We also become less critical of ourselves as we cultivate curiosity towards our own inner experience, noticing the judgmental thoughts about our perceived failures and the harsh, critical tone of voice we punish ourselves with; we learn to show more kindness and compassion towards ourselves.
Curiosity does not kill the cat. Instead, it can be your new best friend - a support you can depend on anytime, anywhere, and a gentle practice that invites you to approach life in an entirely different way. If you'd like to learn how to cultivate genuine mindful curiosity, do check out our 8-Week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program.


Letter to the editor, week 28
Summer — the best time to play outdoors
Everyday we hear the words “In this tough economic time…” and we all feel in different ways the impact of the economic crisis. But there is something very important that no one should ever forget—we have to make sure that our children, who are our future, live healthy and valuable lives.
Despite all the difficulties, the tough economic time may open the opportunity to promote the idea of living life close to nature. Why our society needs it? Because as Richard Louv, the author of the famous book “Last Child in the Woods”, wrote: “Nature nurtures creativity”, and “Children need nature for the healthy development of their senses”. The fact that “children ages 3-12 spend 1-percent of their time outdoors, and 27-percent with television, computers, or other electronic media” (Hofferth, Sandra; and Sandberg, John (1999), Changes in American Children’s Time, 1981-1997, University of Michigan Institute for Social Research), raises a wide range of environmental, social, psychological, and physical concerns.
Back in April of this year, six days were designated as “No Child Left Inside Days” in Michigan. A great initiative, but was it enough for promoting the benefits of outdoor recreation? Summer is the perfect time to encourage children to play outside instead of spending the time indoors, in front of the TV or computer. Let’s help our children live healthy and valuable lives by ensuring their safety while playing outdoors. In the local parks or their own backyard, it wouldn’t matter as long as they can explore, observe, experience and learn. For most parents it will be a challenge to drag their children away from TV, computer and video games, but little by little, gradually increasing the time spent outdoors, children will build a habit to play outside and connect with nature. Let’s make this summer, the summer of outdoors play!


(Morris et al., 2001) and the study conducted by Wilson and colleagues (1980) included a greater proportion of African American and Hispanic women than are in the general population.
In view of the interactive effects of sodium and potassium highlighted in this report, it is useful to examine intakes of sodium and potassium expressed as the ratio of sodium intake (in mmol/day) to potassium intake (mmol/day) for the various lifestage groups. Appendix Table D-11 includes these data from NHANES III. Under 1 year of age, the median sodium:potassium ratio is less than one. The ratio then rises rapidly to just above two for children 4 through 8 years of age, and remains above two into adulthood, but then drops somewhat in middle- and older-aged adults. The progressive rise in this ratio at an early age reflects a greater increase in dietary sodium intake compared with the increase in dietary potassium intake. A similar pattern is present in both men and women.
Sodium chloride consumption is one of several dietary factors that contribute to increased blood pressure. Other dietary factors that raise blood pressure are excess weight, inadequate potassium intake, high alcohol consumption, and a suboptimal dietary pattern (see the following sections). Physical inactivity also increases blood pressure. Increased blood pressure is associated with several chronic diseases, including stroke, coronary heart disease, renal disease, and left ventricular hypertrophy.
Cardiovascular Disease and High Blood Pressure. Data from numerous observational studies provide persuasive evidence of the direct relationship between blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. A review of each epidemiologic study is beyond the scope of this report. However, several meta-analyses have aggregated data across these studies (Lewington et al., 2002; MacMahon et al., 1990). The most recent and largest meta-analysis to date pooled data from 61 prospective observational studies that together enrolled almost 1 million adults, including persons with hypertension (Lewington et al., 2002). Individual-level records were available for each participant in each study. Those individuals with pre-existing vascular disease were excluded.


Law is a system of rules that governs the behavior of individuals, communities and governments. It reflects the social order of a country and is designed to protect the rights of people.
The law makes the world a safer place and helps to keep society peaceful by applying the same rules to everyone. In a well-ordered society, conflicts are rare but when they do occur, the law can help resolve them peacefully.
A law is an agreed upon rule that defines how things should be done, for example when we decide to drive or buy goods. It also describes how we are to behave in a certain way when we are with friends or family.
There are many types of laws in the world, each with its own unique characteristics. Some laws are created by government, while others are made by private groups or individuals.
Creating and enforcing laws is an important part of modern politics. Revolutions often arise in places where the government fails to serve the primary functions of the law. In other cases, the government may be corrupt or lack authority.
The law is based on four universal principles: equality, impartiality, accountability and justice. These principles are a set of values that should be present in every legal system to ensure that the laws are clear and publicized, stable, and applied evenly.
Equality and impartiality refer to the equality of people, ensuring that all people are treated equally. This is especially important in areas such as employment, civil liberties, and privacy.
Accountability and justice mean that the people who are responsible for making and enforcing the law are held accountable. This includes both government officials and private actors such as lawyers and judges.
These values also mean that the courts should be accessible, fair and efficient. They should also be unbiased and reflect the makeup of the community they serve.
A law can be a rule for people to follow, such as the speed limit on a road, or it can be an agreement between two people about how to behave in a certain situation. The law is more powerful than the agreement because it can control the behaviour of the people.
In many cases, laws are created by governments and can be modified by the courts as they see fit to meet new needs and challenges. This is often called a “living law.”
When writing a law review, choose an area of interest and immerse yourself in it. Try to identify sub-issues or components of the law that you can explore in detail, so that you have a clear understanding of how the law works and your chances of success when faced with a specific issue.
The process of deciding on a topic for your law review can be difficult, so it’s helpful to ask for advice from your professor. He or she can point you in the right direction and explain how to write a research paper that will be received well by your peers during peer review.


In Janine Benyus' book, "Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature," she emphasizes nine laws of nature including the following:
- Nature runs on sunlight.
- Nature utilizes only the energy it needs.
- Energy fits form to function.
- Energy recycles everything.
- Nature rewards cooperation.
- Nature banks on diversity.
- Nature demands local expertise.
- Nature curbs excess from within.
- Nature taps the power of limits.
Benyus believes that each of these "laws of nature" must be seriously considered when attempting to create a biometric design. If one of the laws is not considered, the design's outcome cannot be truly biomimetic.
The biomimetic technology behind this robot fish is based on the common carp. The robot navigates and propels itself through water with its fins, just like a real fish. (Adrian Dennis/AFP/Getty Images)
Why are the numbers of great white sharks increasing?
Answered by John O'Sullivan
What can we learn from undersea exploration?
Answered by Sylvia Earle
How bad would the sixth mass extinction be?
Answered by Planet Green


Checking the car battery occasionally with a Multimeter is necessary to avoid the early morning struggles. Your car will not start if the battery is not working properly. In most of the cars, the battery is in the engine compartment. We can easily test the charge of our car battery using a Multimeter.
The basic things we measure are voltage and current. A Multimeter has three parts. The display that shows the values is the first part. Secondly, a selection knob will be there to allow the user to measure different values such as current, voltage and resistance. The third is the port that is in front of the unit. To test a car battery with a Multimeter we should first turn off the car. Follow the user guide to disconnect the battery which we get along with the car. Note the positive and negative sides of the battery (in the car) before removing. Use safety equipment such as gloves to remove the battery from the engine. We should set the Multimeter to measure the DC voltage. The black probe of the meter should be connected to the battery’s ‘-’ (ground) and the red probe to ‘+’ (power). Both the probes should be pressed against the battery terminals. If you’ve got a fresh battery, you should see around 12.6V on the Multimeter.
For measuring the current, first, we should set the Multimeter to 20DC Volt. Before measuring current we should check whether the battery is working or is a dead one. Touch the negative probe to the negative terminal of the battery and the positive probe to the positive terminal of the battery. Then turn on the switch to provide the battery with a light load. Check for the reading that is shown in the Multimeter. If it is showing a reading of 12.4 or more than that it means that the battery is having a good charge. If it is 12.3 means that the battery is 75% charged. If the reading is less than 12, it means that the battery is not good. Try slow charging the battery to see whether it is getting better. If not then we need to replace the battery. If you want to check whether the battery is producing enough current for the engine to start you will need help from someone. Ask him/her to start the car and you can check the measurement shown on the Multimeter.
If you are getting a reading below 10 VDC that means your battery is not capable of producing the needed current for the starter.If you want to know all the details read the checking car battery with multimeter article here.
The battery of a car can recharge while the vehicle is running and will give needed power to the electrical parts (head lights, brake lights, indicators etc.). If the battery is not good it will not get recharged automatically. The average lifespan of a car battery is 4 or 5 years. Battery service life can be estimated by analyzing the battery capacity using electronic battery testers.