What is known as the Eugenics Wars (circa 1992 - 1996), was one of Earth's global wars. This conflict occurred as a result of genetically altered superhumans attempting to conquer the world. Commander Spock spoke of this conflict being: "the last of your so-called World Wars."
One of these genetically altered humans (a.k.a. augmented humans or more commonly refered to as "Augments"), rose to great power and notoriety: Khan Noonien Singh. He controlled more than a quarter of the planet; an area covering Asia to the Middle East.
Flag of Khan Noonien Singh's kingdom, Great Khanate.
This conflict would lead to the deaths 30 - 37 million. The development and creation of the Augments came about from a private consortium, Chrysalis Project (the details of this organization can be studied in Starfleet historical records: "The Eugenics Wars" by Greg Cox).
The Starfleet video files below provide a brief summary of the Eugenics Wars and Federation regulations regarding augmented humans:
Despite the best efforts of the Aegis, they were not able to stop incisions into our timeline, such as the Romulan, Nero. This is why it's important to examine the confusion that exists with the Eugenics Wars and World War 3.
Beings such as the El-Aurians, who seems to have the capacity to remember other alternate timelines, complicate academic studies. This is why it is important to understand the "official" historical records and not the words of what was or might have been.
World War 3 (circa 2026 - 2053). The conflict arose due to many factors. Part of it was a result of the Eugenics Wars, others due to the extremist groups of the time. Unlike Earth's previous World Wars, alliances that formed to bring about this global escalation occurred some time in 2051.
The two global factions were created and fought each other: the Western Alliance (composed of the United States and nations that were part of the European Union) verses the Eastern Coalition (India, China, Pakistan, Russia, Kazakhstan, Vietnam and Singapore; these areas were also known as the Great Khanate, the nation in which Khan Noonien Singh conquered and ruled), lead by Lee Kuan.
There were many coalitions that stayed out of the conflict, such as the Muslim Bloc, Caribbean Alliance, Oceania, etc. but despite these powers avoiding the conflict, in most situations, they simply became what was known at the time as "collateral damage."
This was especially the case when it came to the Muslim Bloc nations. The Western Alliance could not allow the vital resources to fall into Eastern Coalition hands, so when the first minutes of "May Day Horror of '53" occured, those areas where heavily attacked with nuclear weapons and of course this was the day the entire world saw a full scale nuclear war.
One of the most notorious individuals to raise from that era was Colonel Phillip Green. During the Eugenics Wars, Green was part of the British military but turned traitor and helped Khan Noonien Singh invade Australia.
In 2052, Green tried to run as President of the United States of America but lost. According to some records, after losing his bid for President, his organization, known as the Optimum Movement engaged in political anarchy, trying to cripple the US.
During World War 3, Colonel Green served under the Western Alliance. Despite the nuclear exchange, the war still raged on. As governmental infrastructure collapsed, Green used his position in the military to take over the Pacific Northwestern region of the US. His life came to an end in Montana, when an orbital strike successful terminated his reign of terror.
Unfortunately, the ghost of Colonel Phillip Green arose from the grave. The ideas of Colonel Green succeeded him well into the 22nd century. The xenophobic extremist group, Terra Prime was founded on Green's ideology.
In the end, the total lives lost as a result of World War 3, 600 million. For further study during this period, use Starfleet historical records below:
Below are a few images from World War 3
Authorized Starfleet Personnel Only
Biometric identification required to access files below.
Identity recognized and accepted. You are authorized to see the material below.
The materials you are about to view are for Starfleet officers working in Section 31. Data can not be copied or relayed to any one out side of Section 31.
In the continual pursuits of the ideas of Section 31: to protect and defend Starfleet and to acquire technology that will give Starfleet an advantage over any advisories; as well as following guidelines set forth by the late Admiral Alexander Marcus.
A Starfleet vessel had recently encountered an anomaly, that might have substantial benefits to us. This anomaly tore into the fabric of space - time. The ship was caught in the gravitational pull and was taken to an alternate Earth and the time in which they arrived: the early 21st century.
The history of this alternative Earth: they did not go through the Eugenics Wars but still has a similar history to our own universe. This Earth pursued looking into genetics by understanding as a foundation and not merely creating, as in our history.
The Human Genome Project, a project funded and supported by the US government in 1984 but the actual work began in 1990. This endeavor was completed in 2003. Several nations joined in this work; which the objective was to identify and map all genes within humans.
They've already come to a point with genetic technology where the average person can buy equipment to alter their genes. Without the Eugenics Wars and World War 3 that followed, this Earth will be more advanced technology wise, while our Earth fell a part.
Which is already seen with this Earth's ability to fully use gene alterations and the science that centers around it. This Earth also has other advances in technology that we did not have. What is known to that world as smart phones, works in ways equivalent to our communicators and tricorder.
The images below was gathered by the starships away party.
The team also collected a data recording and storage device. It documents the technological achievements they've made but also the dangers.
Despite their accomplishments and avoidance of war, their world still has problems like our own. They seem to be facing their own World War 3.
The crew of the starship had to depart without further information, as a result of the spacial anomaly closing. Despite that, analyst believe that their advancements will surpass our own and by going to their "future," paralleling our current time; we should gain additional technological advancements.
This is despite the fact there may or may not be a World War 3. This Earth isn't as aggressive as ours, though we share almost an exactly similar history.
The crew of this starship has been debriefed and ordered not to speak of this to anyone. All telemetry has been recorded and our scientist are developing a way to return to the other Earth but in the exact time we are in. It is our hopes to gain what could have been our history.
After viewing all data, every Section 31 strategic analysts are to report to the following area:
End of File


|Ship name||Arabian Chebec|
|Photos 1||views of the ship model|
|Photos 2||views on the deck|
|Photos 4||the hull|
|Photos 5||very close views of details|
Click pictures to enlarge!
This is a model of an 18th century Arabian chebec. Chebecs were originally Arab constructions that were famous for their maneuverability and speed. They were light sailing fast warships, but in calms could also be rowed. The oars were put through smaller ports in the bulwarks between the guns. They are thought to have originated in Algeria, and were used by corsairs of the Maghreb from the beginning of the 17th century. The chebecs proved very useful as fast raiders, despatch boats and merchant ships.
The Barbary States of that time were to a large extent autonomous outposts of the Ottoman Empire and attacked the ships of the merchant fleets of those nations, which unlike England and France did not have strong navies. This was true for the young US navy in the 1790er years. After 1793 hardly a ship of the extensive US merchant fleet could be seen in the Mediterranean. From 1801 to 1805 the US navy was engaged in the fight with the Barbary Deys of Tripoli, Tunisia and Morocco. In 1803 the US lost the frigate Philadelphia, which ran aground before the port of Tripoli when pursuing a corsair and was taken as prize.
With their pronounced slim and hydrodynamically advantageous hulls the chebecs belonged to the fastest and most agile ships of the Mediterranean in 17th to 19th century. As crew were 300 - 400 men on board, the armament of 16 - 24 cannons.
Frederik Henrik af Chapman described a 50 m long Algerian chebec in his "Architectura Navalis Mercatoria", Plate LVIII, No. 17 (published in Stockholm in 1768). This ship model as well as the ship's boat were built according to the drawings of Chapman.
This very fine model of an Arabian chebec is 1 : 50 scale. Length is 97 cm, width 25 cm, height 79 cm.
Have a look at the set of photos. There are 47 photos in groups: several views of the entire ship model, several views on the deck, of the rigging, of the hull, and some very close views of details. Click images to enlarge!
This model has already been sold. The pictures and the data are shown in the gallery of the ship models sold only to let enthusiasts and model makers enjoy the photos and maybe get ideas or some guidance, if someone builds such a model by himself.


For 1000 years tiny curved feet were considered the ultimate level of beauty in China. During this period around 3 billion women bound their feet.
The most likely origin of the practice is from the time of Emporor Liyu ( 937 – 975 AD). Entranced by the form of the feet of a favourite dancer he had her feet wrapped to accentuate them. Other women of the court who wished to please the emperor also began to wrap their feet. The fashion spread to upper class women and eventually beyond. True to the extremes of fashion smaller feet and tighter binding became desirable, leading to foot binding and 3 inch feet.
The practice was outlawed in 1912, however some continued secretly to foot bind until the 1950’s.
Communism in China meant that women were required to undertake harsh physical labour, so the foot binding became impossible to perpetuate and for the bound woman to survive.
The lengthy and painful process of foot binding was begun when a girl was between 4 – 7 years old her soft, tender bones would be manipulated to bring the four smallest toes to the underside of the foot and to pull the heel and toes closely together. This


A landmark of Victorian ornithology, John Gould's The Birds of Australia originally appeared in 36 parts between 1840 and 1848. It is a massive work comprising 8 folio sized volumes that depict and describe all of the 681 Australian bird varieties then known, many of them recorded by Gould himself for the first time. The birds are illustrated by beautiful hand coloured lithographed plates.
Vol. 1 (n1-a.1): plate 1
|Gould spent most of childhood in Surrey. He received no
formal education, but was keenly interested in wildlife from an
early age. His father was a gardener and it seemed that he was destined to follow in his footsteps when,
at the age of 14, he began as an apprentice at Kew.
But after working
for a short time at Ripley Castle in Yorkshire, in 1822 he moved to London and gave up gardening for taxidermy, a then
increasingly lucrative trade. One of his
most curious assignments was to stuff a giraffe for King George IV.
|In 1827 he
became the Curator and Preserver of the newly formed Zoological Society.
Here he would have dealt with many
of the newly discovered species being sent to the Society by collectors
around the world. During this period he met his wife, Elizabeth
Coxen; then working as a governess, she was also a talented artist.
Gould encouraged her to learn
lithography and together they produced their first book on
birds, A Century of Birds from the Himalaya
Mountains. Issued in parts between 1830 and 1832, this work
comprised 80 colour plates of illustrations drawn by Elizabeth. The hundreds
of birds carefully described and classified by Gould were based on a collection of skins received by the
Zoological Society. Gould was undeterred when he could not find a publisher
to risk any capital on the work, and simply published it himself. Produced
at a time of burgeoning interest in ornithology, its success gave Gould the confidence to plan a much larger work,
and in October 1831 he issued his prospectus for The Birds of Europe.
A publishing phenomenon had been born.
Gould decided to work on Australian birds next. Although several books on this subject had already been produced, he felt that none of these were comprehensive. His inspiration lay in the many 'strange and unusual' specimens sent to him by his two brothers-in-law, Charles and Stephen Coxen, who had emigrated to Australia in the early 1830s; in 1837-38, he described some of these in a small publication entitled A synopsis of the birds of Australia, and the adjacent islands.
|Perceiving that a much grander work could be viable, he embarked on the first two parts of his The Birds of Australia. However, it soon became clear that he did not have access to sufficient specimens; as he explains in the general preface to the work, 'it could not be executed in a manner that would be satisfactory to my own mind or commensurate with the exigencies of science; I therefore determined to proceed to Australia and personally investigate (so far as a stay of two years would allow) the habits and manners of its birds in a state of nature'.
|Using the profits made on his previous
books, he relinquished his post at the Zoological Society, and handed over the
running of his taxidermist business and other administrative affairs to his
secretary Edwin Prince. He withdrew the first two parts of the work already
issued, on the understanding that they would be replaced later by revised parts. Not all
of these 'cancelled' parts were returned, however, and these now form the
rarest of Gould's works for collectors.
Gould set sail on May 16, 1838. He was accompanied by his wife, his eldest son Henry (aged 7), his nephew Henry Coxen, his assistant John Gilbert, and two servants. After a four month voyage, the party landed at Van Diemans Land (now Tasmania) on September 18. Gould and Gilbert went on to Australia early in the following year. Gould began his explorations from the home of his brothers-in-law at Yarrundi, carrying out field work in the Hunter River-Liverpool Ranges, travelling some 400 miles in to the interior. John Gilbert, meanwhile, was sent to Swan River, Perth. Between them they collected 800 specimens of birds, as well as nests, eggs and some 70 examples of quadrupeds. The expedition resulted in Gould discovering over 300 species; although many of these were later deemed to be subspecies, many of his bird names have survived to this day.
Gould was 'highly gratified' to be the first to record the extraordinary habits of Satin Bower-birds. An example of the unusual thatched 'bower' structures that they build is clearly shown here, in one of the few double-sized plates found in the work. Gould described it as their 'playing-ground or hall of assembly' but was unsure about its exact purpose. It was later identified as being an essential element of the male's courtship ritual.
In all, Gould was away for 27 months. Having returned to England in August 1840, the first of 36 parts of the new The Birds of Australia appeared on 1 December. Gould spent the next 8 years on the work, a new part being produced every three months until its conclusion in 1848. During the same period, he also published a volume on kangaroos and began work on the 3 volume Mammals of Australia. As well as the specimens Gould had gathered for himself, John Gilbert stayed on to explore the western and northern parts of the continent further, and although he returned to England in 1841, Gould found his services in the field so valuable that he sent him back.
|The result was a monumental, beautiful and important scientific work. Gould's courage and determination in its achievement should not be underestimated. At that time, Australia was largely unchartered, only sparsely settled and overwhelmingly forbidding: its exploration was dangerous. In all, three men lost their lives in collecting specimens for Gould. Most tragically, perhaps, in 1845 John Gilbert was killed by Aborigines.
|As well as discovering, naming and describing new species, Gould is credited with introducing the budgerigar to Britain. In his introduction, he specifically mentions the 'beautiful little warbling Grass Parakeet, which, prior to 1838, was so rare in the southern parts of Australia that only a single example had been sent to Europe'. During his explorations, he explains that the birds arrived on the Liverpool plains in vast numbers, flying in flocks of up to a hundred strong. Describing these as 'the most animated, cheerful little creatures you can possibly imagine' (as well as commenting on how good they are to eat), he managed to bring a live pair back to England. These birds soon became popular as pets. The name that we know them by today is a corrupted form of the Aboriginal 'Betcherrygah'.
|While Gould's in-depth knowledge of his subject made this work a real scientific achievement, its enduring appeal has surely lain in its magnificent illustrations. Gould was not directly responsible for these himself, however, although he supervised their production closely. His talent lay in drawing rough sketches, having an uncanny eye for capturing the characteristics and differences of each species.
|The sketches were then used as guides by his artists in producing the plates. These were made by the process of lithography. After a painting had been made based on the preliminary sketch, this would be transferred in reverse on to stone and printed in a single colour. The actual printing was undertaken with 'minute accuracy' by the firm of Hullmandel and Walton. Each plate then had to be coloured by hand, following the scheme of the original painting. This colouring was executed entirely by the 'unwearied exertions' of Mr Bayfield. At this time, lithography was a fairly new art and Gould was perceptive in realising its potential to produce lifelike images.
Elizabeth Gould produced most of the lithographs for their early works. Tragically, she died of puerperal fever a year after their return from Australia, and only 84 of the plates in this work are attributed to her. Gould found another artist, Henry Constantine Richter, to interpret the drawings in order to finish the work. Richter went on to stay with him for 40 years and it is estimated that he was responsible for over 1600 of Gould's designs. Other artists he employed included Edward Lear, William Hart and Joseph Wolf.
The logistical and organisational skills required to produce all the parts on schedule were phenomenal. It is all the more astonishing to consider that Gould usually had more than one work in production at any one time. For this edition of 250 copies alone, 1500 plates had to be printed and hand coloured every month. Meanwhile, the text was printed separately by the firm of R. and J. E. Taylor. The prints and text then had to be assembled into folders for distribution to subscribers. The subscribers were forced to wait over eight years before they could bind their volumes - the titles, lists of plates and introduction (along with instructions to the binder) being delivered last of all. Gould's overall introduction philosophically accepts that there are probably more species to be found, and entices the reader with a plug for his next project on the birds of India.
Inevitably, this was an expensive product. The original 7 volume set cost £115. Glasgow University is listed in the first volume as being one of the original subscribers.
Ostensibly completed by 1848, the work was still not finished in its entirety. Between 1851 and 1869, further parts were produced to form a supplementary volume, in order to describe more newly discovered birds. In its introduction, Gould discusses the likelihood of there being more undiscovered species and even hints that he may produce a second supplementary volume; he says, 'if the blessing of health be continued to me, I trust I shall not be found wanting in energy or desire to do justice to the delineation and description of any novelties that may be discovered, it being as much a labour of love to be thus engaged now as when ardour and youth went hand in hand during my visit to the distant country one portion of whose natural productions I trust I have not in vain attempted to illustrate'.
He cites the discovery of a 'fine species of Cassowary in the rich colony of Queensland' as one of the highlights of the supplement.
|Although Gould never published another volume of The Birds of Australia, he worked tirelessly up until his death on 3 February 1881. He left his final work, The Birds of New Guinea and the Adjacent Papuan Islands, incomplete. It was finished for him by his friend, Richard Bowdler Sharpe of the British Museum, who later went on to compile an analytical index to Gould's works. Somewhat notoriously, Gould's Australian specimens had been bought by the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia when the British Museum decided that it could not afford them. After Gould's death, however, the museum's Zoological Department paid £3000 for his remaining collection of 12,395 specimens, including 5378 valuable humming birds. The Birds of Australia is now widely acknowledged to be the greatest of his major works.
The following were useful in compiling this article:
Jean Anker Bird books and bird art: an outline of the literary history and iconography of descriptive ornithology The Hague: 1979 Sp Coll RF 133; R. Bowdler Sharpe An analytical index to the works of the late John Gould, F.R.S. London: 1893 Sp Coll RQ 508; National Library of Australia Treasures from the National Library: John Gould's Birds of Australia http://www.nla.gov.au/collect/treasures/apr_treasure.html (viewed on 21/6/2005); Maureen Lambourne John Gould - bird man Milton Keynes: 1987 Level 11 Main Lib Fine Arts C3380 LAMBO; Gordon C. Sauer John Gould, the bird man: a chronology and bibliography Melbourne: 1982 Level 5 Main Lib Zoology qA31.G6 1982-S
Julie Gardham July 2005


On Monday, we learned about the unfortunate passing for Nebraska football great Dennis "Duke" Emanuel. He was 86 years old.
Emenuel reportedly died back on April 21 in Lincoln. Services were held in his memory over the weekend, in his hometown of North Bend.
Emanuel had a pretty interesting Huskers career, which spanned seven years. He was a two-time All-Conference player in 1951 and 1952. The Huskers competed in the old Big Seven conference, a predecessor of the Big Eight (when Oklahoma State joined) and now, the Big 12.
After that first stint at Nebraska, Dennis Emanuel entered the service, and spent 1953-56 in the U.S. Army.
He returned, and wound up playing varsity for Nebraska for a second stint in 1958.
He wound up being inducted into Nebraska's football Hall of Fame in 1990. After his graduation, he stuck around the state.
Emanuel worked as a physical therapist at Omaha Memorial Hospital for 35 years before retiring.
Per the Omaha World-Herald, he leaves behind a wife and three children:
He was preceded in death by his first wife, Joan, in 1996. Survivors include wife Susan of Lincoln; son Bradley of Wichita, Kansas; daughter Jennifer of Omaha; and sister Colette Feala of North Bend.
Our thoughts go out to them, and everyone else impacted by Emanuel's passing around the Lincoln and University of Nebraska communities.


In the weeks and months that followed the bombing of Rangoon, Geren worked as a driver, and then as a field hospital attendant on the front lines which the Chinese were failing to hold against the advancing Japanese.
“Our supplies were cut off and the Japs were advancing all the time,” Paul recalled. “We were the only medical unit with Western standards. The few members of the Quaker Volunteer Ambulance Corps and myself, we carried the wounded back from the battlefield.”
All of this time his faith buffered him.
On Christmas Eve, 1941, he wrote in his Diary, “The Japanese are promising a ‘Christmas present for the white people’ over the Bangkok radio.”
They carried on in Rangoon. From Geren’s Diary, Christmas Eve, 1941:
Whatever came yesterday, and whatever will come tomorrow, tonight we sang Christmas carols. We were a motley choir, begotten of a day between air raids, so widely apart in size, in mind, in social status, and so variously gifted with song that one had to chuckle if ever he stood apart to make appraisal of us.
One of the carolers was an Austrian Jewess. It seems that this war always comes to its frightful worst when it confronts a Jew. She had escaped from Austria and had set up a little school in Rangoon. In yesterday’s raid a bomb exploded next to her house, burned it with all her things, and left her greatly shocked. All through the singing she was crying softly.
This was the place and the thing for her and for all of us. Christmas carols are excellent bits of defiance as we could have found to throw into the teeth of despair. And despair was pressing hard upon us.
If it seems farcical to singing about the Prince of Peace in a time like this, consider alternatives. A man could become cynical, could hopelessly despair, but, if he did, nothing would have been accomplished. If our choice is to be forlorn on rational grounds or hopeful on ground whose case is not conclusively logically, it ought not to be hard decision to make. It is the best part of rationality, even, to care more for hope than for the relentless logic with which war follows war.”
The first half of 1942 were months of retreat and defeat for the Allies everywhere. In Russia the critical battle of Stalingrad was being waged in hand-to-hand, block-to-block combat; in the desert sands of North Africa General Rommel, the “Desert Fox,” and his Afrika Korps forced back the British Eighth Army; while in the Pacific Japanese landing forces were snaking from island to island enroute to Australia, and General MacArthur could only talk bravely of returning. Burma, too, had fallen to the Japanese. Geren’s Diary notation for May reads, “The Japanese are to the south at Kaleywa, we think they are to the north at Myitkyina and we must try to go between before they close the circle.”
End of Part Three


METAMORA, Ind. — There was a time when canals were part of the roadways of America east of the Mississippi River, connecting the small towns and villages to the big cities and allowing merchants and farmers to move their goods from place to place.
Barges were laden with grain, lumber and other wares and pulled by horses or mules walking along the canal banks.
One such waterway was the Whitewater Canal, built in 1847 to connect Hagerstown, Ind., with Cincinnati, a 76-mile trip that included 56 locks and seven dams.
Like most of the canals in America, with the advent of the railroad as well as better roads, much of the Whitewater Canal disappeared, covered over by the tracks for the Indianapolis & Cincinnati Rail Road or just left to fill in.
But two things saved the stretch of the canal that ran through tiny Metamora, an hour's drive southeast of Indianapolis. The canal remained open to be used as a source of water for the town's 1845 grist mill. And a new road, built just north, bypassed the canal section of town here, known as Old Metamora, leaving it to languish.
Historic buildings remain
Many of the buildings in Old Metamora, which during the canal heyday had a population of 200 (it is now 125), date back to those glory times in the mid-1800s. They were never torn down because progress never came here, and the old wood and brick structures were left to the ravages of time. This neglect became a historian's boon.
And so 30 years ago, when the state of Indiana decided to reclaim a stretch of the canal that still existed, Metamora, flanking its banks, became what it once was--a booming canal town.
Now the buildings are spruced up and have been turned into bed-and-breakfasts, shops (candles, candies--and other tourist goods) and restaurants. The old grist mill is grinding again. And a white and blue barge, a replica of a canal barge from the 1800s pulled by two large Belgian horses, takes passengers just 1 mile on a round trip between the grist mill and the Duck Creek Aqueduct, the only remaining wood aqueduct still in use in the United States--and maybe the world.
"At least I never heard of another wood aqueduct left anywhere else in the world," says Ralph Bush, who with his wife, Rose, owns the Waterwater Inn located on the canal in Old Metamora.
According to Bush, aqueducts were a way of rerouting streams and rivers over the canals so barges could continue on.
Traveling by barge was not a luxurious or speedy process.
"It was a three-day ride to go the whole distance and back" on the Whitewater Canal, says Bush. "The boat only went 4 m.p.h. The horses could have gone faster but that would create a wake, which eroded the banks."
Another impediment to speed traveling were the numerous locks designed to equalize the 600-foot change in elevation on the journey.
There was a whole process and lingo to the canal trips.
"The mules would pull the barge for about 6 miles," says Jay Dishman, historic site manager for the Whitewater Canal Historic Site. "They called those shifts `tricks' back then, but we don't use that term much now because it has a different connotation."
Farmers along the way would rent their mules (and sometimes horses) for a new trick or else mules traveled aboard to replace their tired compatriots.
"The number of mules they used depended on the weight of the load," says Dishman, who lives near Metamora in a town called Laurel, which was also on the canal.
According to Dishman, there was a "canal mania" in the 1830s and 1840s.
"The whole idea was to get commerce in Indiana, and canals were seen as the way to do this," he says. "Once the barges made it to Cincinnati, then they could get their loads onto the Ohio River and go just about anywhere."
Visitors to Old Metamora can also travel in other old-fashioned ways. Ronnie Adkins owns and runs Salt Creek Ranch, just outside of Metamora on U.S. Highway 52. With more than 100 horses in his stable and 700 acres of rolling hills to ride over, he offers a variety of guided horseback trips ranging from one hour to overnight. There is also a "hooves and paddles" trip, starting with a trail ride to the Whitewater River and followed by a canoe trip that includes a stay overnight at the century-old log cabin Adkins brought up from Kentucky. Dinner and breakfast are included.
The White Water Valley Railroad, which ran from Connersville to Hagerstown until 1890, is up and running again, taking tourists from Connersville to Old Metamora, a five-hour round trip that includes a two-hour layover in Metamora. The train trip follows both the Whitewater River and the canal most of the way.
IF YOU GO
From Chicago, take Interstate Highway 94 East to Interstate Highway 65 South. In Indianapolis, take Interstate Highway 465 east to U.S. Highway 52 and stay on it until Pennington Road, where you turn right to Old Metamora. Note: Old Metamora denotes the historic area; there is also the modern Metamora, which centers on U.S. 52.


$4 million upgrade at Veterans Cemetery in Esquimalt nears completion
4 March 2020—Esquimalt, British Columbia—Veterans Affairs Canada
Canada’s Veterans and those who gave their lives in service deserve our greatest recognition and appreciation. Their grave sites—maintained in perpetuity by the Government of Canada—serve as a lasting symbol of remembrance for future generations.
Today, the Honourable Lawrence MacAulay, Minister of Veterans Affairs and Associate Minister of National Defence, visited the Veterans Cemetery—commonly known as God’s Acre—in Esquimalt to highlight the recent expansion and upgrades made to the Veteran grave sites, cemetery grounds and surrounding area. The project is expected to be completed this spring.
Over the last five years, Veterans Affairs Canada has invested close to $4 million to improve and expand Veterans Cemetery. The expansion and improvements allow for an additional 1,400 internment spaces—both in‑ground and columbariums.
In addition to the new interment spaces, a new building was built for the caretaker and their equipment, along with office space for department employees responsible for grave marker inspection and maintenance. The work also included upgrades to the roads and pathways, along with a new drainage system.
Veterans Affairs Canada owns and operates the Veterans Cemetery in Esquimalt, British Columbia. The cemetery—an honoured final resting place for more than 2,500 military personnel—was projected to reach its capacity by the end of 2016. In response, Veterans Affairs Canada acquired a parcel of land from the Gorge Vale Golf Course. The acquisition and expansion ensured that the cemetery would remain a burial option for Veterans and their families for years to come.
“Years of hard work and dedication has led to the incredible transformation here at God’s Acre—a reflection of Canada’s pride and respect for Veterans. As future generations walk through these rows and read the inscriptions on the grave markers, I hope that they will understand what Canadians have achieved and sacrificed in the cause of peace and freedom.”
The Honourable Lawrence MacAulay, Minister of Veterans Affairs and Associate Minister of National Defence
Veterans Affairs Canada owns and operates the Veterans Cemetery in Esquimalt, British Columbia—an honoured final resting place for more than 2,500 military personnel.
Veterans Affairs Canada has invested close to $4 million over the past five years to improve and complete the expansion at Veterans Cemetery.
The Veterans Cemetery expansion provides approximately 1,400 new interment spaces for both Veterans and their spouses.
If you know of a Veteran gravesite that requires maintenance or is unmarked, please contact Grave Marker Maintenance at Veterans Affairs Canada.
The Government of Canada’s investments in God’s Acre come from two sources.
- From 2015 to 2019, the Department invested $1.9 million of its own operational funding for the expansion of the cemetery for both in-ground and niche interments (columbarium project).
- Budget 2018 provided $24.4 million for Grave and Cemetery Maintenance across Canada including major projects such as the renovations and upgrades to the Veteran’s Cemetery in Esquimalt. About $1.88 million of this was used for the upgrades and renovations to the Veteran’s Cemetery in Esquimalt
Veterans Affairs Canada
Director of Communications
Office of the Minister of Veterans Affairs
- Date modified:


The Challengers were an instrumental surf music band started in late 1962. They were located in Los Angeles. They represented a growing love for surf music and helped make the genre popular. Their debut album "Surfbeat" was the biggest selling surf album of all time and helped bring surf music from California to the rest of the world.
The Lively Ones were an instrumental surf rock band active in Southern California in the 1960s. Some people call them the best American surf band. They played live mostly in California and Arizona. Their hit Surf Rider (written by Nokie Edwards from The Ventures) was used in the final sequence of Quentin Tarantino's film Pulp Fiction.


Honor a veteran with a poppy today simply by visiting your local grocery store.
The American Legion Auxiliary Post 0056 Ladies and some legion men have volunteered to stand in front of Fareway, Hy-Vee and Wal-Mart today from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. handing out poppies in exchange for contributions to assist Boone County veterans. Donations are used exclusively to assist and support veterans and their families in the Boone area.
The Auxiliary promotes the poppy as a symbol of the sacrifices our military men and women have made; a symbol to open people’s hearts and inspire them to donate. The veterans at the Iowa Veterans Home make the flowers to earn a small wage, which helps to supplement their incomes and makes them feel more self-sufficient.The poppy reminds the community of the past sacrifices and continuing needs of our veterans.
The poppy became a nationally known and recognized symbol of sacrifice in November of 1918. It is worn to honor the men and women who served and died for their country in all wars. Three-and-a-half million poppies were sold nationwide in 2012.


Each year, almost 600 agricultural shows are held in towns large and small across Australia. Farmers proudly display their produce and the community comes together to be entertained.
Marking the bicentenary of Australia’s first agricultural show and the foundation of Royal Agricultural Societies in 1822, the Royal Australian Mint is releasing this 2022 $1 Coloured Uncirculated Coin; featuring a design recognising the contribution of Australia’s eight state and territory Royal Agricultural Societies over the past 200 years.
Product Code: 10844
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Woodford appears in the Domesday Book in 1086 as Wdefort, having previously been recorded before the Norman Conquest as Wudeford in 1062. As the name implies it means a river crossing point in or by the wood. The ford refers to a crossing of the River Roding. It was Wudeforde by 1225 and with a bridge replacing the ford sometime before 1238 some of the district was renamed Ponte de Woodford by 1285 and Woodfordbrigge in 1429. This is one of the oldest roads in Redbridge and is apparent on the Chapman and Andre Map of 1777. It was laid out on land that until the dissolution of the monasteries in the 16thCentury was part of Barking Abbey’s property. Most of the area was developed between the wars following the construction of Eastern Avenue in 1925.
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2021 Annual Meeting Videos
We enjoyed several presentations at the 2021 Annual Meeting and Reunion for which videos are available for members to view. You must be logged in as a member to view those videos. The story about Dr. Thomas, Rebecca and Benoni is available for everyone to view.
- An excerpt from the Duxbury Rural and Historical Society's (DRHS) Tour of the Myles Standish Burying Ground: Generously provided to us by DRHS, this is an excerpt from a narrated tour by DRHS's Archivist and Historian Carolyn Ravenscroft. It features the story of Dr. Thomas and Rebecca (Alden) Delano and their son Benoni and honors the completed restoration and preservation of Benoni Delano's grave marker, a project funded by the Delano Kindred in 2021.
==> To hear the story of Dr. Thomas, Rebecca and Benoni, click here.
==> You can learn much more about Duxbury's fascinating past by clicking here to visit the Duxbury Rural and Historical Society's website.
- Before the Mayflower, presented by author Jennifer Sinsigalli: Jennifer's book of the same name is a work of historical fiction which demanded significant research to ensure accuracy and interest. Writing under the name of J.L. Rose, she was undisputably successful in that endeavor. Her presentation gives us the full benefit of her research and experience as she describes what life was like in Leiden around the time the Mayflower sailed for America.
- DHRS Historian Carolyn Ravenscroft presents Captain Amasa Delano and Samuel Delano Jr.: Amasa and his brother, Samuel, had quite interesting careers. Captain Amasa Delano, a famous Duxbury sea captain, wrote of his voyages and caught the eye of author Herman Melville who turned one of Amasa's voyages into his novella "Benito Cereno". His brother Samuel was recording the ship's log when the brig Grace visited Japan, then a closed country, in 1791. Carolyn gives us the whole story in her presentation.
- After the Mayflower by Rev. Dr. Becket Soule: Much has been written about the Mayflower, but far less has been published about the ships that followed her: the Fortune, the Little James, and the Anne. Becket Soule introduces us to the ships that followed Mayflower and the stories surrounding them.
- The 2021 Delano Kindred Annual Meeting: Held at Plimoth Patuxet Museum's Accomack Room on September 18, 2021, this is the full recording of the Annual Meeting.
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The Copper family of the coastal village of Rottingdean1, Sussex, UK have lived and worked in the same place for over 400 years as shepherds, general farm workers, carters and publicans. They can trace their ancestry back to parish records in 1593 and may well have roots there that go back considerably longer. One part of the local churchyard contains so many family graves that it is referred to as 'Coppers' Corner'.
An Historical note
The family are remarkable for their history of traditional singing, which they can trace back for at least 200 years (six generations). Most people thinking of traditional folk singing picture unaccompanied solo singers, whereas the Coppers have a history of singing in harmony. When in 1898, Mrs Kate Lee, a folk song collector from London, went to Rottingdean and noted down some of their songs2, it led to the formation of the Folk Song Society (which later became the English Folk Dance and Song Society).
The pater familias of the family is now Bob Copper, now in his late 80s. He remembers singing with his father, Jim 'Honest John' Copper, and his grandfather, James 'Brasser' Copper, who sang with his brother Tom and could in his turn remember his grandfather George Copper (born in 1794) singing.
Some of Brasser and Tom's songs had already been noted down Mrs Lee and Brasser himself wrote out the words of about 30 of his songs in 1922. Jim, Brasser's son and Bob's father wrote down many more songs in 1936 and these make up the Coppers' repertoire. The songs are sung from the book, which is put away after each singing session. Songs are pitched with a tuning fork, which comes as a surprise to many people.
The Coppers were well known for singing at harvest suppers, plowing matches, or any village celebration.
Orally transmitted polyphonic music may be a rarity, however it is clearly part of the folk tradition. It is not clear, however, whether there was any early history of primitive folk polyphony. It is perfectly possible that the rural harmonies may have evolved from church harmonies or glee clubs which were once common in our villages3.
None of the Coppers were able to read music, however their harmonizing has been arrived at by trial and error and is not haphazard. They have generally been sung in two-part harmony and some harmonies have been passed down from father to son by rote, while others have been worked out by the individual singer. The style is very individual and really has to be heard to be understood. Aspects like the tone of voice, slides, scoops and hovers are difficult to present in written form. Their repertoire contained different styles and methods of harmonisation with some for instance sung in an old style similar to shape-note singers and a few in revivalist hymn harmonies.
Bob Copper's grandfather James used to sing treble with his brother Tom singing bass. James's two oldest sons, John and Jim sang treble and bass respectively. Bob Copper sang with his cousin Ron (John's son), singing treble and bass respectively.
The Coppers' Influence on the Development of Folk Music
In 1950, Jim and his son Bob sang on BBC Radio, which let them be heard by a national audience for the first time. This was followed by many more broadcasts. Bob is a collector as well as a source of traditional folk music.
The Copper family's influence on the development of the folk tradition in the UK can hardly be overestimated. They are one of the inspirational sources of the folk revival which started in the 1950s and which continues to the present day. In February 2001, Bob Copper was awarded a Lifetime Achievement Award at the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards for his contribution to preserve his musical roots. In January of the previous year, aged 85, he was awarded an honorary masters degree for his services to country life.
Revivalist folk singers such as the late Peter Bellamy, Shirley Collins, Louis Killen and Frankie Armstrong count the Copper family as one of their influences.
The Copper Family Today
Bob Copper is still singing (he says, 'People who saw me or bought records from the 1950s are amazed I'm still alive!'). His son John, daughter Jill and her husband Jon Dudley sing with him and occasionally Bob's grandchildren sing as well. Above all, he wants singing to be fun for them as it was for him.
Recordings and Publications
Over the years, the Copper family have made a number of recordings and published several books. Among these are the following:
A song for every season contains four generations of the family repertoire, and i available from Leader DEAB 404. When this was published as a book, it won the 1971 Robert Pitman Literary Prize.
Come Write Me Down has recordings from the '50s and '60s by Bob and Ron Copper and their respective fathers Jim and John.
Coppersongs 1, 2 and 3.
Songs and Southern Breezes: Country Folk and Country Ways, Heinemann, London, 1973.
- Early to Rise, 1976, republished Javelin 1988.


Throughout history, many rulers have come into view, whether they are great kings or cruel tyrants. However, there is a category of rulers who are always controversial, and their methods and policies of rule make people confused and confused. These monarchs have mystical powers, they control the fate of entire nations, and they also carry heavy historical baggage.
One of the most controversial rulers was the Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible. Ivan the Terrible is known all over the world for his powerful and brutal way of ruling. He consolidated his power by suppressing dissent, totalitarian governments, and brutal wars. Although he made an important contribution to the modernization of Russia, his rule came at a great cost.
The policies and actions of Ivan the Terrible repeatedly caused social unrest and suffering among the people. He maintained his dominance by carrying out large-scale political purges, brutally persecuting the former Tsar royalty and nobility. He also waged a brutal war that cornered the Cossacks and Tatars. This brutal way of ruling has left the people in dire straits and social unrest.
However, it would also be unfair to completely deny the reign of Ivan the Terrible. His powerful rule led to major political, economic and cultural breakthroughs in Russia. He carried out extensive modernization reforms, established a stable centralized government, and strengthened Russia's position on the international stage. In addition, he promoted economic development, expanded the territory and made significant investments in education and culture.
The reign of Ivan the Terrible was full of contradictions and controversies, and he was both a hero and a cruel tyrant in Russian history. His actions and decisions undoubtedly had a profound impact on Russia, but they also came at a great cost. Therefore, evaluating the reign of Ivan the Terrible requires comprehensive consideration from multiple angles.
One of the most controversial rulers in history, like the mysterious monarch, Ivan the Terrible's methods and policies are elusive. His brutal and modernization initiatives constitute a complex and contradictory picture for future generations to think about and evaluate. Whether praising his achievements in reform or condemning his atrocities, we should recognize that history is not simply black and white, but rather a complex interweaving of factors. Only through in-depth research and objective analysis can we better understand these controversial rulers, learn from them, and guide future rulers on the right path.
Like it and leave a lingering fragrance in your hand! Thank you!


John Marin letters to Mr. and Mrs. James Franklin, circa 1946-1947
Marin, John, 1870-1953
Place of publication, production, or execution:
Access Note / Rights:
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C., Research Center. Contact Reference Services for more information.
Two letters and three Christmas cards from John Marin to his neighbors in Cliffside, New Jersey, Mr. and Mrs. James Franklin. The letters, written by Marin while summering in Addison, Maine, are upbeat as he describes his activities and the weather, in general. Also included is a photograph of Mrs. James Franklin, Mrs. John Marin, John Marin, and James Franklin.
John Marin letters to Mr. and Mrs. James Franklin, circa 1946-1947. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Born in Rutherford, N.J., John Marin (1870-1953) became a leading early modern American painter. He lived in both Cliffside, N.J. and Addison, Maine.
This collection of letters was donated in 2008 by Martha J. Fleischman, director of the Kennedy Galleries.
Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, 750 9th St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20001


This is another article in a series of posts about William Joseph Henry BATEMAN, his family and their lives in Australia. This is an ongoing research project, I certainly don’t know all the details yet, so if you can help me fill in any details then please get in touch.
When William Joseph Henry (WJH) married in 1905 his wife was a widow, and she had one child from that previous marriage. Her married name was Annie Clark BULL and her maiden name was MCCONACHY.
Annie’s first marriage was to Reginald Ambrose BULL in Victoria, Australia in 1899. The same year also saw the registration of the birth of their son Sidney Ambrose BULL, although a declaration in his WW1 service record states that he was born on 15th November 1898, in Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Their brief marriage ended the following year when Reginald Ambrose BULL died. I don’t know the exact circumstances, only that his death was registered that year in Geelong, Victoria.
After Annie and WJH BATEMAN were married Sidney seems to have become part of the new family, and used the surname BATEMAN when he joined the Australian Infantry on the 27th December 1916.
Tragically Sidney was killed in action on the 3rd December 1917 in Belgium, around seven weeks after arriving in France and less than ten months after leaving Australia. He is buried in the Berks Cemetery Extension, Ploegsteert, Belgium. Fortunately none of WJH and Annie’s other children were old enough to serve during the First World War.
This is the third in a series of articles about William Joseph Henry BATEMAN and his family from Australia. This is an ongoing research project and so far much of the research is based on index entries and is unverified, if you have more information or corrections then please get in touch.
On the 22nd April 1905 William Joseph Henry (WJH) BATEMAN (aged 23) married Annie Clark BULL (aged 24). The ceremony took place at the Parsonage, Yarra Street, Geelong, Victoria, Australia and was performed by William Williams, a Methodist Minister.
The digital copy of the marriage registration is not very clear and slightly tricky to read, but for someone used to English marriage certificates it potentially provides much more detail. Instead of just a father’s name, it also includes the mother’s maiden name. It also gives place of birth for the bride and groom and their present residence and their usual residence.
WJH is shown as a seaman, living on the HMS Katoomba, Annie’s residence is not easy to make out except that it was in Geelong, neither is her place of birth, somewhere in Victoria but that is all I can work out.
WJH’s parents are correctly shown as Henry BATEMAN and Dorothy KINGHORN, and Henry’s profession is given as coachman, which agrees with other sources. Annie’s parents are Thomas MCCONACHY (a restaurant keeper) and Elizabeth STEEL. This suggests that at the relatively young age of 24 years Annie was already a widow.
This is confirmed in the condition column, which also tells us that her previous husband died in 1900 and that she had one child surviving from that marriage.


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"Mansion in Redstone" Photo taken on Senior Sneak Day on May 7, 1929. The castle, originally called Clevholm Manor and known as "Ruby of the Rockies", was built in 1897 by a wealthy coal baron, John Cleveland Osgood. The lavish castle was once visited by guests such as John Rockefeller, Teddy Roosevelt,and J.P. Morgan in its heyday. Osgood created the town of Redstone for the benefit of his miners and their families with his castle as the centerpiece....


The entire village of Frigiliana and its environs is one big museum. Along the slanting, narrow, and winding streets, you'll find structures, shops, pots, and ceramics that present an interesting mix of Christian and Moorish culture. What we have below are some of the places where you can find Frigiliana monuments and museums.
Casa de la Cultura - You might want to start here to get hold of some general information regarding the village. Here, you'll find an archaeological museum featuring ceramic displays outlining the history of the town. The same establishment houses the local library as well as the Office of Tourism.
San Antonio de Padua Church - This place of worship serves as the main church of the village. Although the town has managed to preserve its Moorish past, the locals are mostly Christians. In fact, this church was built on exactly the same site where a mosque once stood.
El Ingenio - What is now known as the only operational molasses factory in Europe is actually an edifice of rich Frigiliana history. Specifically, El Ingenio has a special link to the town's social and economic past, and is demonstrated by the old accessories, documents, displays, structures and fixtures housed inside it.
Coat of Arms - This Frigiliana monument used to be the family coat of arms of the counts who once ruled the region.
Apero - This rectangular courtyard used to operate simultaneously with the sugar mill. It used to house a barn and a supply store.
Cueva de los Murcielagos - "The Bat Cave" is the site where some very old remains were found, proving that the area was already inhabited ever since prehistoric times..
El Castillo Arabe - Actually, what you'll find here are the remains of the Arabic castle where the Moors made their last stand. Since the castle was burned to the ground, all you'll see are some rocks. According to legend, many of the defeated Moors leaped down the walls of the castle to their death during the last battle and that bones can be found in the vicinity even to this day.
Barrio Mudejar - This place is where you'll find the most preserved Arabic structures in Malaga. Look for twelve ceramic panels depicting the Battle of the Rock, the last battle we mentioned earlier.


Cozean Memorial Chapel invites the community to celebrate the lives of veterans with a complimentary showing of Larry Cappetto’s powerful Korean War documentary “Lest They Be Forgotten,” on May 23 at 2 p.m. at the Cozean Chapel.
The eighth in a series, this film captures the compelling stories of brave men who fought in the Korean War conflict, which lasted from 1950 to 1953. During the height of the Cold War, the North Korean Army, trained and armed by the Russians, suddenly attacked across the 38th parallel of the Korean peninsula in an effort to seize control of South Korea. With the approval of the United Nations, President Truman authorized Gen. Douglas MacArthur to commit U.S. occupation forces in Japan to stop North Korea’s aggression. During the conflict, battle lines ranged between the southern tip and the northern border of Korea. Negotiations to end the war, begun in October 1951, dragged on until an armistice was signed on July 27, 1953.
Cozean Memorial Chapel owner Jon Cozean has made a tradition of showing a historic war-related documentary on Memorial Day. This year he’s adding a new twist, relying on some new technology recently adopted by the funeral service which will allow live greetings to be broadcasts to relatives serving in the armed forces abroad.
Cozean is inviting families with loved ones in the armed forces who are stationed in Iraq and Afghanistan to record a live webcast greeting that can be viewed online for 90 days. The video recordings will be made following the showing of the movie on May 23.
“Our funeral home has already been webcasting memorial services for nearly a year now and we feel that our video equipment could also be used for other purposes, such as providing a platform that allows families at home to telecast a message to loved ones in the armed forces in the Middle East. The messages are secured with confidential passwords available only to each family, and they will remain online for 90 days. There is no charge for this service,” explained Cozean.
Webcasting of funeral services is a relatively new concept, but its popularity is growing rapidly around the country. Cozean Memorial Chapel is a pioneer in this concept, having first begun work on their webcasting setup nearly three years ago.
All broadcasts are made from a mini video control center which was installed at the funeral home. After having studied the concept of webcasting in the funeral profession at webcasting seminars for the past five years, Cozean says that to his knowledge this is a unique use of a funeral home video facility to broadcast personal messages to members of the armed forces overseas.
Anyone wishing to send a greeting should contact Cozean Memorial Chapel at (573) 756-4541 to set up an appointment for a broadcast.
As for the showing of “Lest They Be Forgotten,” Fighting in Korea was different than any previous war. The Chosin Reservoir was where the Marines first saw action against the North Koreans and Chinese, and the terrain was different than the island fighting in the Pacific during World War II. In November 1950 the Chinese came out in force, numbering 2000,000 against 12,000 Marines who suffered enormous casualties.
“There are a lot of good men who perished that no one ever knows about!” said one survivor. The United States committed 1,6000,000 servicemen into the war zones. Losses totaled about 24,000 killed, 9,000 missing, 2,675 captured, and about 100,000 wounded. The mission of Larry Cappetto’s “Lest They Be Forgotten” project is to record the personal stories of surviving veterans before it’s too late, so that future generations can truly understand the sacrifices made to preserve freedom. Within the funeral service profession, this series of films is available only to mortuaries affiliated with Selected Independent Funeral Homes, of which Cozean Memorial Chapel is a member.
“The ‘Lest They Be Forgotten’ film series has been well received around the nation,” said Jon Cozean. “The creator of this film series, Larry Cappetto, received the George Washington Honor Medal from the Freedom Foundation at Valley Forge. Since 1949 the Foundation has honored exception work based on quality and content. I feel showing the Korean War segment, with its compelling, first-hand accounts by soldiers, constitutes a powerful tribute to the veterans of our community,” Cozean added. The film will be presented on the large screen in the Cozean Chapel. There is no charge for admission and refreshments will be served.


It is hard to believe that this family cemetery of mine (on the left), The Ten Eyck Cemetery, couldn't be located until recently. I took this photo in 1999, and it is located in an apple orchard, on private land (once belonged to my ancestors of over 200 years ago).
The cemetery is located in an area called The Eastern Townships in Quebec, just over the Vermont border. My ancestors all spoke English and now, both English and French is spoken.
There has been quite a bit of correspondence the past few days between me and both the archivist and curator of the The Missisquoi Musuem and Historical Society. Last week, I posted an article about my ancestor's Revolutionary War Redcoat and then about the new Canadian stamp. In an email, Heather, the curator wrote me stating, "There has been some good news on the Ten Eyck site as we have actually found it again. The fact still remains however that it is an abandoned site and at the moment as far as I know, it has no caretaker or funds to maintain it. Judy (the archivist) and I plan to go into it this summer and photograph each stone and update the information we have that was recorded in the 1970s. The Ten Eyck site is just a classic example of what is happening all over the Townships. At least it has be re-discovered and will be marked on our maps."
Since I took individual photos, and had them enlarged to the 8" x 10" size, I wrote back stating that I would be sending them to her. I have to wonder, if I am the only one to have ever taken photos there.
Heather wrote an article on January 18, 2009, how appropriate, a year ago today Missisquoi: Cemeteries in Crisis. I am so fortunate to have seen her article the other day. All of us who love cemeteries know about these problems. Since the article is rather long, I've decided to select several paragraphs to share.
For a number of years, the Missisquoi Historical Society in Stanbridge East has been looking after a number of “orphaned cemeteries” in what was once known as Missisquoi County. The society has provided basic maintenance – essentially regular grass mowing -- at no fewer than seventeen pioneer burial grounds. Most of these sites date back to the early 1800s when the first settlers were arriving in this part of Quebec. A number of these sites suffered neglect over the years before being taken under our wing. Some of them are on private property; title to others is sketchy at best.
Quite a few sites were located on private land. Here again, some landowners were willing to give us permission to visit the site, while others could not be reached. Of course, the fact that a cemetery is located on private land does not mean that it is looked after. The Wing burial ground, which is found in an apple orchard, is ignored by the landowner. The Ten Eyck site, in another orchard, has likely been destroyed."
My blog has been changed to make it more appealing for those who have New England ancestors and want to see the area through photos. Things I’ll include are typical white New England churches, libraries showing their genealogical collection, historical societies, cemeteries, war memorials, in general, anything to do with history.
For four years I’ve blogged mostly about my personal genealogy in New England (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, and New Hampshire), New York, New Jersey, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and the Eastern Townships of Quebec, Canada. I still will, can’t forget my own roots.
Please check out the labels on the right side for articles. The header tabs at the top are a work in progress.


Название: British Destroyer vs German Destroyer: Narvik 1940 Автор: David Greentree, David Campbell, Paul Wright, Alan Gilliland Издательство: Osprey Publishing Серия: Osprey Duel 88 ISBN: 978 1472828583 Год издания: 2018 Язык: English Cтраниц: 81 Формат: True PDF Размер: 21,2 MB
The opening months of World War II saw Britain's Royal Navy facing a resurgent German navy, the Kriegsmarine. Following the German invasion of Denmark and Norway in early April 1940, British and German destroyers would clash in a series of battles for control of the Norwegian coast. The operational environment was especially challenging, with destroyer crews having to contend with variable weather, narrow coastal tracts and possibility of fog and ship breakdowns. In two engagements at Narvik, the Royal Navy entered the harbour and attacked the loitering German destroyers who had dropped off mountain troops to support the German invasion. The raids were devastating, halving at a stroke the number at Hitler's disposal. Employing specially commissioned artwork and drawing upon a range of sources, this absorbing study traces the evolving technology and tactics employed by the British and German destroyer forces, and assesses the impact of the Narvik clashes on both sides' subsequent development and deployment of destroyers in a range of roles across the world's oceans.


Chester Arthur, Born October 5, 1829, was one of five Presidents who was never elected — he took office after James Garfield's assassination and served nearly a full term as the 21st President of the United States.
Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur - wife of Pres. Chester Arthur - Their marriage was a little strained because she was loyalties to the Confederacy, while her husband was not. They had 3 children (one son died at the age of 3) - another son and a daughter lived to adulthood. In January, 1880, Ellen caught a cold & quickley developed pneumonia. She died 2 days later at 42.


Historical epic about a boy who is accidentally left behind in North America when his Viking people sail back home. He's taken in and raised by a local tribe so when the Vikings return some 25 years later and begin slaughtering his adoptive family, the now-grown man, known as Ghost (Urban), wages a personal battle of revenge against them. Not yet reviewed.
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Originally from United States.
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150 Years of Indian Railways
A miniature sheet consisting of 1 no. of commemorative postage stamp on the 150th Anniversary of Railways in India :
Issued by India
Issued on Apr 16, 2002
Issued for : As the country braces itself to observe an year-long celebration to mark the 150th anniversary of India’s first train journey which falls in 2003, the Department of Posts tries to capture the spirit of the event with the issue of this commemorative stamp.
Design : The design of the stamp (and the miniature sheet) tries to re-create the Indian landscape of 1853, with the first train chugging away in the distance, on its journey to Thane on the 16th of April. The First Day Cover is an artist’s impression of the old Byculla Railway Station, located on the track connecting Bombay to Thane. A station master’s watch showing the time when the train commenced its historical journey from Bombay is shown on the design of the first day cancellation.
Stamp, FDC and Cancellation : Sankha Samanta (Based on material furnished by the National Rail Museum, New Delhi)
Type : Miniature Sheet, Mint Condition
Colour : Six Colour
Denomination : 1500 Paise
Overall size : 5.25 x 2.62 cms.
Printing Size : 5.25 x 2.62 cms.
Perforation : 13.5 x 13.5
Paper : Matt Chromo
Stamps Printed : 3.0 million
Miniature Sheet : 1,00,000
Number per issue sheet : 27
Printing Process : Photo Offset
Printer : Calcutta Security Printers Ltd.
- Railways have been a great integrating force in India for more than a century, particularly so after the attaining of independence in 1947. It has bound the economic life of the country and helped in accelerating the development of industry and agriculture. It has brought together people from the farthest corners of the country and made possible the conduct of business, education, pilgrimage and tourism.
- The history of Railways in India began on 16th April 1853, when the first train steamed off from Boribunder to Thane, covering a distance of 34 kilometres. From such a modest beginning, the Indian Railways have grown into a large network of about 7,000 stations spread over a route length of nearly 63,000 kms. Today it is one of the largest organisations in the world, employing a work force of 16 lakhs. It provides the principal mode of transport for freight and passengers in India.
- The Railway network runs multi gauge operations with the broad gauge, meter gauge and narrow gauge tracks. The network is divided into nine zones. Seven new zones and nine new divisions are further being set up. Each day about 7500 passenger trains carry more than 11 million passengers in different parts of the country.
- Text : Based on India 2001 (Publications Division) and material furnished by sponsors.


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Although all of us have one or two selfmade ornament on our trees (normally from our children, grandchildren, or other kids in our lives) very few of us make our own equipment and embellish our have village scenes with this sort of uniqueness.
Christmas crafts are gorgeous plenty of to screen on the tree, around the table, on doorways and overhangs, and windows. Your Christmas village is similar! You may go away it up all calendar year and alter it while using the seasons should you have or make the right extras tahiti village las vegas pool hours.
These are generally treasured traditions, villages which were years from the producing, properties and retailers which have been handed down or supplied as presents. So could be claimed with the memories of your time expended environment up or producing these stunning village scenes.
A lot of of us have fond reminiscences of the Xmas custom of decking the halls with household, that it is frequently a scheduled and shared celebration. Visualize how the house smelled like gingerbread and cinnamon. How the youngsters sat within the desk building gifts, crafts, and cards to the unique people inside their lives. The carols that played or the television specials which were on - only for this exclusive time of year.
These reminiscences and traditions are tied up within our generations' past. Up until finally the mid nineteenth century all Christmas ornaments ended up handmade making use of whichever was effortlessly offered in that region at that time of year. Mother and father would make decorations from cloth, pinecones, cedar branches and bits of wax that were meticulously saved all 12 months for this big day.
Close to 1875 we started seeing Xmas ornaments that can be ordered in a retailer - even so the custom of investing time in making distinctive Christmas shows lived on. Now we get collectively to set up Christmas village scenes and other displays that young hands can certainly deal with.
Glass ornaments ended up initial launched from Germany. The German race was renowned for prime quality craftsmanship and the Xmas decorating extras was no exception - these items have been genuinely exquisite. To put it briefly buy the Germans had around 4500 molds and in excess of one hundred glass blowing workshops devoted entirely to Christmas decor.
We've appear a lengthy way due to the fact the mid nineteenth century with our tastes and christmas decorating, but we definitely can't conquer creating Christmas village scenes with our relatives as aspect of our possess, newer, tradition with the season
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Tradition has it that Rome was founded in 753 BC by Romulus, who became the first Roman king and gave his name to the city. Seven early kings ruled Rome from 753 BC until 509 BC, when Tarquin the Proud was overthrown by the Roman people and a republic was established. In this song, Dylan erases time boundaries by mixing historical stories of the early Roman kings destroying cities with contemporary tales of destruction.
Dylan has said in interviews that for Tempest he wanted to record more religious songs. The title of this 12-bar blues romp could be a word play on the Roman Empire with the Biblical books of Kings and Romans.
The song featured in commercials for the Cinemax/Sky counter-terrorism TV series Strike Back: Vengeance which debuted on August 17, 2012.
This features David Hidalgo of Los Lobos on accordion. Dylan got to know Hildago from when he and Los Lobos played some shows in Mexico a few years prior to the recording of his previous album, Together Through Life.


The Abbeville Anglican, the newsletter of Trinity Episcopal Church, provided a small restoration update in its July issue.
"Work continues on schedule and progress continues to be made on completion of the church," the newsletter said.
With its 125-foot steeple, the church is a mainstay of historic Abbeville. The congregation was established in 1842, and today the church is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Preservation South Carolina and Friends of Trinity currently are helping the congregation with a multi-million dollar preservation effort, the church website states.
Preservation South Carolina executive director Mike Bedenbaugh said Tuesday that work is being done on the plaster inside the church.
"We cannot open it and allow people in until we get the sign-off from City and County building inspectors," he said.
Potentially, the church could begin hosting events in August or September, depending on the approval of inspectors and progress in curbing the coronavirus pandemic, Bedenbaugh said.
As for when church services can resume being held in the building, that depends on the Episcopal bishop.
According to the church newsletter, "The congregation will not be able to return to the building until we have the Bishop's permission."


With their annual membership dues, our members receive the B&M Bulletin, our outstanding glossy magazine packed with useful and entertaining information and high quality photographs of the Boston & Maine Railroad. They also receive our Newsletter, issued six times a year with articles about B&M subjects, modeling projects, and modern day railroading in New England featuring Pan Am Railways, MBTA, and Amtrak operations in B&M territory.
Another way to get all the latest current events is to attend our meetings scheduled monthly (except in the summer). Members meet to exchange railroad information and there is always a presentation by railfans or railroad professionals, usually accompanied by a slides, Powerpoint, or video.
If there’s question about the Boston & Maine that you’ve always wanted to answer, or if you enjoy working with railroad pictures and documents, our extensive Archives at the Center for Lowell History is the place you’ve been looking for. Our Archives Committee has assembled a matchless collection of photos, historical documents, and mechanical drawings.
Boston & Maine 0-6-0 switcher No. 410 and combination passenger coach-baggage car (the “combine”) No. 1244 are the most often photographed subjects in the historic City of Lowell, Massachusetts. Our hard-working 410 Committee keeps these two pieces of rolling stock in shape and in the summer months they man an exhibit of New England railroad history in the combine.
Generous donors have given the Society many artifacts that bring to life the daily activities of the 25,000 men and women who once ran the Boston & Maine. Our Hardware Committee photographs and catalogs our growing collection and interprets its significance. Station furniture, train appliances, dispatching equipment, and signal apparatus are just a few of the categories of items that we collect. Our collection is not yet open for public viewing, but our Hardware page links to pictures and descriptions of many of our holdings.
New England is home to many railfans who enjoy attending railroad shows and exhibits with their families. Our Shows Committee brings the Boston and Maine Railroad and our Society to the attention of visitors to many of those shows and sells a variety of books, magazines, and other collectibles, as well as a full line of B&M gear. Upcoming shows are listed on the Calendar page.