Major players in the proteinase k market are Merck KGaA, QIAGEN NV, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Worthington Biochemical Corporation, New England Biolabs Inc., BIORON GmbH, Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt Ltd.
New York, Aug. 25, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Proteinase K Global Market Report 2023" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p06486617/?utm_source=GNW
, Bioline Pty Ltd., Promega Corporation, Codexis Inc., Amano Enzyme Inc., Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd., Biocatalysts Ltd., and Amicogen Inc.
The global proteinase k market is expected to grow from $4.06 billion in 2022 to $4.47 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.3%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The proteinase k market is expected to reach $6.49 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 9.8%.
The proteinase K market consists of sales of acid proteinase, neutral proteinase, and alkaline proteinase.Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers.
The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods.
Proteinase K is a proteolytic enzyme (a serine protease) naturally found in the mold Tritirachium album that can inactivate protein contaminants in prepared samples. Proteinase K is used during the process of DNA extraction to help digest the contaminating proteins that are present.
North America was the largest region in the proteinase k market in 2022.Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period.
The regions covered in proteinase K report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa.
The main proteinase k form types are lyophilized powder form, and liquid form.Lyophilized powder form refers to the process by which a product is obtained after water is removed and the product is frozen and placed under a vacuum.
The various therapeutic areas are infectious diseases, diabetes; oncology, cardiology, nephrology, autoimmune diseases, neurology, and others applied in isolation and purification of genomic dna and rna, in situ hybridization, mitochondria isolation, and enzyme removal. the end uses are contract research organization, academic institutes, biotechnology companies, and diagnostics laboratories.
An increasing prevalence of chronic diseases is expected to propel the growth of the proteinase K market going forward.Chronic disease is a condition or illness that lasts more than a year and requires ongoing medical treatment.
Proteinase K is used in chronic diseases in a preventative or therapeutic role to extract and isolate the DNA and RNA of viruses that cause various chronic diseases. For instance, in January 2023, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, a US-based branch of the National Institutes of Health, the number of U.S. citizens above the age of 50 with chronic diseases is supposed to increase by approximately 99.5% from 71.52 million in 2020 to 142.66 million by 2050. Therefore, an increasing prevalence of chronic diseases will drive the proteinase K market.
Product innovation is a key trend gaining popularity in the proteinase K market.Major companies in the proteinase K market are launching innovative products to sustain their position in the proteinase K market.
For instance, in September 2020, Biocatalysts Ltd., a UK-based biotechnology company, launched Proteocut K, a high-quality, cost-effective alternative to liquid proteinase K. The innovative enzyme subtilisin-type serine protease with broad substrate specificity can be used in a range of life science applications. Proteinase K is a subtilisin-type serine endopeptidase with a broad pH profile and substrate specificity, enabling it to hydrolyze various proteins efficiently and effectively. The serine endopeptidase protects K has an activity of about 1,450 U/ml (Hemoglobin assay), is active throughout a broad pH (6.0 - 10.0) and temperature (40 -70°C) range, and can be employed in a variety of life science applications.
In January 2023, Lighthouse Pharma, a US-based biopharmaceutical company, acquired the small molecule proteinase inhibitor portfolio from Quince Therapeutics Inc. for an undisclosed amount. The acquisition will assist Lighthouse in continuing the development of gingipain inhibitors for dementia and other disorders and also provide innovative treatments for patients. Quince Therapeutics Inc. is a US-based biotechnology company that deals with various products, such as proteinase inhibitors.
The countries covered in the proteinase K market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA.
The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD unless otherwise specified).
The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.
The proteinase k market research report is one of a series of new reports that provides proteinase k market statistics, including proteinase k industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a proteinase k market share, detailed proteinase k market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the proteinase k industry. This proteinase k market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.
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Flatworm Rx is an exceptionally fast, safe and effective treatment for flatworms in your reef or fish only saltwater aquarium. Once introduced, flatworms like Red Planaria can quickly multiply and begin to irritate fish and corals as they cover rocks and sand. The best strategy is to treat as the first sign of them. Not only is this the easiest time to get rid of them, but there will be fewer flatworms to release toxins into the water.
This innovative product prevents disruptions in the biological processes as well as coral degeneration caused by flatworms. This potent solution reaches everywhere in the tank, even where you can’t reach, like llow flow areas between corals and behind rocks. This product contains no antibiotics or pesticides.
Easy to Use
Flatworm Rx is packaged in powder form to ensure 100% strength when first used.
Remove screw-on cap from bottle.
Slowly and carefully, fill the supplied bottle containing powder approximately 98% full with R.O (reverse osmosis) water. Leave some space in the bottle for dropper tip.
Take the supplied dropper tip and snap into place of the bottle opening. Cover the dropper tip with screw-on cap and securely tighten.
Shake bottle well until the powder inside has completely turned into solution and granular powder is no longer visible. Product is now ready for use.
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Siphon out as many flatworms as possible before dosing.
Add 4 drops of Flatworm Rx for every 10 gallons (37.9 liters) of water. Do not dose more than one treatment in a 24-hour period.
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Do not stop the use of carbon or protein skimming when adding this product.
Flatworms are extremely toxic to aquarium inhabitants. It is very important to do a 25% water change once results are visible. Siphon out as many of the flatworms as possible when performing the water change. Repeat treatment as necessary.
Warning: This product is not intended for human consumption. Keep out of reach of children. If ingested, contact a physician or poison control center immediately.
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Developed by UK virologists, the Virustatic Shield™ protects against airborne virus transmission including 99% of influenzas and COVID 19.
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Director, Directorate of Culture and Cultural Relations
Professor Rajeev Jain did his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Roorkee (Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee), India, in 1978 . He was awarded D.Sc. degree by Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India in 1990. At Jiwaji University, Gwalior he worked as Professor of Chemistry, Director, Institute of Engineering and Head of Environmental Chemistry. He also worked as Dean, College Development Council, Dean, Science Faculty and Head, Chemistry Department. Professor Jain is a highly cited researcher in Electroanalytical, Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering Chemistry (h-index 39; i10-index 133). He has worked over 15 research projects sanctioned by DST, CSIR, UGC, MOEF, DRDO etc., His research interests include electroanalysis, electrocatalysed reactions, chemical sensors, method development and validation, environmental engineering chemistry and wastewater treatment using adsorption, photocatalysis and electrochemical technology.
To encourage our students to dream, to think critically, and insightfully. Through our teaching, research, creativity, and service, we are committed to guide our students so as to be informed citizens in a global society to succeed professionally. Our deans, heads, faculty, officers and staff work together consistently and conscientiously to execute our plans, methods, and strategies in this respect.


What is Dowex 50w?
General description. Dowex 50WX8 hydrogen kind is used as stripper resin and might be regenerated by 0.25N sulphuric acid when exhausted. Dowex 50WX8 hydrogen kind is used as catalyst. It is utilized in deionizing supernatant fraction samples for paper chromatography.
What is Dowex 50 column chromatography?
Chromatography on the cation-exchange resin Dowex 50 separates a posh combination of peptides right into a sequence of easier mixtures. The materials sand options required within the technique are listed.
How does dowex resin work?
How does ion trade resin work? Put merely, ion trade is a reversible interchange of charged particles—or ions—with these of like cost. This happens when ions current on an insoluble IX resin matrix successfully swap locations with ions of an analogous cost which are current in a surrounding resolution.
What is a Dowex column?
DOWEX advantageous mesh resins are sturdy, pH tolerant, clear and predictable separations media that carry out constantly and reliably in advantageous chemical and pharmaceutical column separations.
How do you calculate ion trade?
The ion trade capability is expressed as eq/L (equivalents per litre of resin). The unit of mole must be prevented altogether in ion trade, because it doesn’t take valence into consideration and brings solely confusion. For reference: 1 eq = 1 mole / valence. The working capability is all the time smaller than the entire capability.
What is resin column?
An ion-exchange resin or ion-exchange polymer is a resin or polymer that acts as a medium for ion trade. It is an insoluble matrix (or help construction) usually within the type of small (0.25–0.5 mm radius) microbeads, normally white or yellowish, fabricated from an natural polymer substrate.
Why resin is used?
In polymer chemistry and supplies science, resin is a strong or extremely viscous substance of plant or artificial origin that’s usually convertible into polymers. Plants secrete resins for his or her protecting advantages in response to harm. The resin protects the plant from bugs and pathogens.
What is a resin mattress?
What is a resin mattress? Your water softener’s tank is crammed with 1000’s of tiny beads referred to as “resin beads.” When hardness minerals come into contact with these beads, they bind to them and are faraway from the water that leaves the tank.
What is the distinction between cation and anion resin?
Anion resins and cation resins are the 2 commonest resins used within the ion trade course of. The distinction between anion and cation resins is that one is positively charged (anion) and the opposite is negatively charged (cation). cation resins, which magnetize constructive ions with their destructive cost.
Is water an anion or cation?
The positively charged ions are referred to as cations, and the negatively charged ions are referred to as anions. Because water is globally impartial electrically (in any other case you’d get an electrical shock while you put your hand in water) the variety of constructive fees is equivalent to the variety of destructive fees.
What is a cation vs anion?
An anion is an ion that has gained a number of electrons, buying a destructive cost. A cation is an ion that has misplaced a number of electrons, gaining a constructive cost.
Are resin beads poisonous?
These non-toxic beads of resin are manufactured from polystyrene, often known as “ion trade resin beads”. They are extremely tiny, measuring solely 0.3 to 1.2 mm in dimension. You could also be conversant in polystyrene in its foam kind, one thing we name Styrofoam.
How have you learnt if resin is dangerous?
How have you learnt in case your resin mattress has “checked out”? Simple. Check to see in case your water softener is utilizing up salt at its common fee. If it’s, and you haven’t any gentle water, the resin mattress has most likely grow to be saturated with iron deposits or been broken by chlorine and might now not be regenerated by the brine.
Is water softening resin poisonous?
One of the largest questions that come up from this phenomenon,” is water softener resin poisonous?” Well, you’ll be pleased to know that they don’t seem to be. However, they do ultimately clog up small home equipment and fixture passages.
Why are resin beads popping out of water softener?
Water softeners use resin beads to take away minerals from laborious water by way of ion trade. Normally, a display screen retains the beads from getting into your water filters and plumbing system. However, if the display screen will get torn, beads can find yourself getting lodged within the aerator.
How usually do you have to exchange water softener resin?
each 10 years
How a lot does it price to switch resin in water softener?
This is as a result of changing it should price one other $550 (most cost-effective softener) + the $450 (skilled set up). Consider the truth that changing the resin mattress might be about $60 to $100.
How do I do know if my water softener is regenerating?
What are the Signs a Softener isn’t Working Properly?
- Seeing laborious water spots: Generally, with softened water you shouldn’t be cleansing laborious water spots off your bathe door.
- Water Doesn’t Feel Soft: If you’ve ever had a water softener in your house, you possibly can instantly really feel the distinction when gentle water stops flowing.
Can I take advantage of water whereas my softener is regenerating?
Water softener regeneration cycle time is about two hours. It just isn’t beneficial to make use of water throughout a water softener regeneration, as laborious water will fill the water heater, which may result in buildup within the gear.
How a lot water must be in brine tank after regeneration?
Wet Brine Tanks: That works out to about 15-25 cm (6-10 inches) of water. The water might be in your tank even in between regeneration occasions or cycles. You might not see the water in case your salt degree is increased than your water degree.
How do I do know if my water softener is working correctly?
How To Tell If Your Water Softener Is Working: The Soap Test. Another simple approach to test for a malfunctioning water softener is to see in case your cleaning soap lathers and bubbles. Pure liquid cleaning soap (resembling Castille) will do that when combined with gentle water. If the water is tough, the identical cleaning soap gained’t perform correctly.
What is the common lifetime of a water softener?
10 – 15 years
How do I do know if my brine tank is working?
Water tastes Salty: The water begins to style saltier than regular, it might be regenerating too usually. Brine Tank of Out of Salt: If your brine tank is out of salt, it has no approach to regenerate and proceed to provide gentle water.
What occurs in the event you don’t add salt to water softener?
till the brine tank runs out of salt. If you overlook to high off your water softener, the water softening resin will keep saturated. This brings the ion trade to a screeching halt and permits laborious water minerals into your pipes, fixtures and home equipment.
How a lot does a water softening system price?
Water Softener System Cost A water softener system plus set up prices $1,500 on common with a typical vary between $1,000 and $2,800. DIY installs may run as little as $500 whereas massive properties with excessive demand and a sensible filtration system pays $6,000 or extra. The largest price concern is the kind of system.
Can you overfill a water softener with salt?
Yes, You Can! You simply received again from the ironmongery shop with a number of luggage of water softener salt and you actually don’t need to elevate these luggage any greater than you completely must, so that you need to add as many as you possibly can to your water softener brine tank.
How usually ought to water softener backwash?
each two to 3 days
How usually do you have to add salt to your water softener?
two occasions a month


What is Magnesium Stearate ?
Magnesium Stearate, also referred to as magnesium octadecanoic a chemical derivative of sodium stearate and magnesium. It is a white, fine substance that does not contain sand. it has a distinct smell and has a slick feeling when it comes into contact with the skin. It is insoluble in water either ethanol or ether and is mainly used as the lubricant, anti-adhesive and glider. It is especially suitable for the preparation of oils and extracts and the granules formulated have exceptional fluidity and strength. Useful as a flow aid for direct compression. It can also be utilized as the aid for filtering, a clarifying agent and foaming agent, in addition to the suspension agent and thickening agent for liquid preparations.
An application area of Magnesium Stearate:
1. Magnesium-stearate is commonly used in medical and health products
Magnesium is a unique alternative material that could be used as a film-forming substance suitable for preparations of solids as a thickener for liquid suspension preparations or suspensions, and other similar applications. Magnesium-stearate is neither toxic nor edible. It is also widely utilized as an additive to healthcare products. It is usually used in the form of a film coating for tablets, as it is able to help allow the health products to be released with precise timings when required as well as lubrication. Active ingredient.
2. . magnesium stearate is used in cosmetics
Magnesium Stearate is a key ingredient in cosmetics that are powdery, such as talcum powder, blush, powder, eye shadow, etc. It is able to improve the adhesion and lubricity diverse powders on the skin, mostly covering smoothing, extending, and stretching. Adhesion, absorption, etc.
3. Magnesium stearate can be found in food products.
Magnesium stearate is used primarily on pressed food items (tablet candy or milk tablets, nuts chips, dietary fiber tablets, honey tablets, etc. ) which may increase liquidity, antistickiness, and lubricity and also improve its surface. The gloss can make the pressed tablets complete and smooth and needs to be processed in addition.
Also, magnesium stearate is frequently used in coatings, plastics, rubber, textiles, as well as other industrial areas.
It's an excellent lubricant and dispersion stabilizing accessory. It can also be utilized as for a filter aid, clarifying agent, foaming agent, as well as a thickener and suspending agent in preparations for liquids.
Magnesium stearate It is harmful to the human body
Magnesium stearate can be found insoluble in organic solutions and water however it is readily soluble in hot acidic and ethanol. When the body consumes magnesium stearate, magnesium stearate undergoes chemical reactions with gastric acid . This results in magnesium chloride and stearic acid. Magnesium Chloride is soluble water . Therefore, it will be able to flush it out via sweat and urine. Additionally, stearic acid can be absorption and digested by the body. This means that magnesium stearate will not cause harm to human beings.
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Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Ferdinand Devínsky is a professor in Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Head of Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava. He received his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry at Comenius University in Bratislava in 1980, professor in 1992, D.Sc. in 1993, study stay 1986–1987 at King´s College London, University of London, Rosenstadt professor, University of Toronto, Faculty of Pharmacy in 1992. Research interests: organic synthesis, organic-physical chemistry, membrane active compounds, relationships between optical activity and biological activity.


TPD52L3 Mouse anti-Human, Clone: OTI3D11, Invitrogen
Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
Manufacturer: Invitrogen MA526023
DescriptionBelongs to the TPD52 family and is specifically expressed in testis. Expressed at 5.6-fold higher levels in adult testis than in fetal testis.
|PBS with 1% BSA, 50% glycerol and 0.02% sodium azide; pH 7.3|
|TPD52L3;Tumor protein D55; Tumor protein D55; Testis development protein NYD-SP25; Tumor protein D55; Tumor protein D52-like 3|
|-20° C, Avoid Freeze/Thaw Cycles|
|Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Western Blot|
|Full length human recombit protein of TPD52L3 produced in HEK293T cell|
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The Effect of Cerium Oxide Nano Particles Fuel Additive on Performance, Combustion, NOx Reduction and Nano Particle Emission of Karanja and Jatropha Biodiesel in a Military 585 kW CIDI Engine
Rapid depletion of petroleum reserves, stringent emission legislations and global warming has given us an opportunity to find biodiesel as an alternative to diesel fuel. Biodiesel is a biogradable, renewable, sulphur free, non-toxic, and oxygenated green fuel. Recent emission legislations have also restricted the nano particles emission in addition to particulate matter, due to their adverse impact on health. Karanja and Jatropha oils are non-edible vegetable oils. Karanja and Jatropha oil methyl ester biodiesel are prepared by the process of transesterification. Biodiesel emits lesser gaseous emission as compared to diesel fuel. However, the only major concern in the use of biodiesel is that it increases NOx emission. Nano particle fuel additive is one of the essential techniques to overcome the NOx emission drawback of biodiesel.


Written in EnglishRead online
|Statement||by S. Walker and H. Straw. Vol.1, Atomic, microwave and radio-frequency spectroscopy.|
|The Physical Object|
|Number of Pages||267|
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This field has proven invaluable research tool in a number of areas including chemistry, physics, biology, medicine and ecology. The spectroscopic field of research is growing day-by-day Cited by: Book Reviews ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY, 2nd edition, by WILLIAM For each spectroscopic technique there is a clear descripKEMP.
Macmillan, Basingstoke,xviii + pp. E, tion of the theoretical basis, a discussion of instrumentation and other practicalities such as sampling methods, a summary (hard-back), A (paper-back).
of the main applications of the technique, and detailed. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a specialized technique associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), also known as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, is a non-invasive, ionizing-radiation-free analytical technique that has been used to study metabolic changes in brain tumors, strokes, seizure disorders, Alzheimer's.
This book gives a wide overview of the state-of-the-art applications of Raman spectroscopy in characterization of materials and biomaterials.
The Raman signal is intrinsically smaller than other vibrational techniques; however, mainly through intensification processes, such as resonance Raman (RR) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), the Raman cross section can be strongly.
Jun 03, · All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so don't worry about it. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the header. fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy by c n banwell free ebook Formulas And Compounds Chemistry A Molecular Approach 2nd Edition Free Chemistry 5th.
Spectroscopy in a Suitcase gives your students the chance to learn about spectroscopy through hands-on experience. As well as covering the principles of spectroscopic techniques, the activities use real-life contexts to demonstrate the applications of the techniques.
X Ray Spectroscopy. This is a great book from Indian author, Shatendra K. Sharma. The book consists of selected chapters on the recent applications of x-ray spectroscopy that are of great interest to the scientists and engineers working in the fields of material science, physics, chemistry, astrophysics, astrochemistry, instrumentation, and techniques of x-ray based characterization.
Introduction to Infrared Spectroscopy 5 Energy of a molecule The name atom was coined by Democritus  from the Greek, α - τ έ µ νω, meaning in Greek it. NMR Spectroscopy N.M.R. = Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Basic Principles Spectroscopic technique, thus relies on the interaction between material and electromagnetic radiation The nuclei of all atoms possess a nuclear quantum number, I.
(I 0, always multiples of.) Only nuclei with spin number (I) >0 can absorb/emit electromagnetic radiation. Reviews the book "Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History," edited by H.
Edwards and J. Chalmers. Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History. Buckley, Stephen // Antiquity;Sep, Vol. 80 Issuep Lecture Notes: Introduction to Spectroscopy Page 3 2) Emission: Excitation induces emission of light from the sample (usually of different frequency). (Emitted in all directions) Includes: Fluorescence (emission from excited electronic singlet states) Phosphorescence (emission from excited electronic triplet states) Raman Scattering (light scattering involving vibrational transition).
Free download Organic Spectroscopy by L.D.S. Yadav (Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, India) birminghamasphaltcontractor.com published by Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht in According to the author; “The subject matter has been presented in a comprehensive, lucid and systematic manner which is easy to understand even by self-study.
Barbara is the author of three other books published by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, namely Modern Infrared Spectroscopy and Biological Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy, both in the ACOL series of open learning texts, and Polymer Analysis in this current AnTS series of texts.
Spectroscopy is the study of how light interacts with matter. We can use spectroscopy to determine the structure and functional groups in organic compounds. We will be learning about how to use IR, UV/Vis, and NMR spectroscopy.Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. birminghamasphaltcontractor.com, 9/10/96 PM Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
PERKIN-ELMER MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF.Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 3rd edition, 3rd edition Joseph R.
LakowiczThe third edition of the established classic text reference, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, will enhance upon the earlier editions' successes. Organized as a textbook for the learning student or theBrand: Springer US.


|Appearance:||Milky White Translucent Liquid||Solid Content:||39±2|
|Hydroxyl Value:||110-120 MgKOH/g||Type Of Polymer:||Waterborne Acrylic Modified Saturated Polyester Resin|
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VQ N ball mills may be referred to as shaker mills mixer mills or high energy ball mills They can be used for both wet and dry grinding as well as to mix a variety of solids suspended liquids and pastes This unit is ideal for preparing small batches of your sample efficiently
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Laser sintering of separated and uniformly distributed multiwall carbon nanotubes integrated iron nanocomposites
Date of this Version3-21-2014
Uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in metal matrix during additive manufacturing of nanocomposites is always a challenge since the CNTs tend to aggregate in the molten pool. In this study, Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were separated and distributed uniformly into iron matrix by laser sintering process. MWNTs and iron powders were mixed together by magnetic stir, coated on steel 4140 surface, followed by laser sintering. Due to the fast heating and cooling rate, the CNTs are evenly distributed in the metal matrix. The temperature field was calculated by multiphysics simulation considering size effects, including size dependent melting temperature, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity. The SEM, TEM, and XRD were used to understand the laser sintering of CNT integrated nanocomposites. The results proved the feasibility of this technique to synthesize MWNTS integrated metal matrix nanocomposites. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology


It has been proved that vitamins help us improve not only our health but also our mental state. Depression and low serotonin levels can be alleviated by simply eating a better diet, rich in fresh vegetables and fruits that contain many vitamins. Next I will give you some general information about vitamins, because in my opinion a basic knowledge about our body’s needs is the first step in creating the perfect diet.
General definition and classification
Vitamins are organic chemical compounds (or set of compounds) that cannot be synthetized in sufficient quantities by your organism, and must be obtained from the diet. Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Be careful with fat-soluble vitamins because they’re not excreted from the body as easily as water-soluble ones , so the risk of hypervitaminosis is higher.
List of vitamins and foods we find them in
- Vitamin A
– animal foods : liver, eggs, butter, cheese, milk, fish, meat;
– plant foods : green leafy vegetables, yellow fruits and vegetables, carrots;
High level of Vitamin A : halibut liver oil – 900.000 mcg/100g , cod liver oil 18.000 mcg/100g, carrot 1167 mcg/100g, butter 825 mcg/100g, spinach 607 mcg/100g;
Functions of Vitamin A
Vitamin A is the “beauty vitamin”. It keeps the skin smooth and soft and also it is beneficial for your eyes. It also prevents infections and controls the action of bone cells.
The daily requirement for Vitamin A in adults is 5000 UI for men , and 4000 UI for women.
Most frequent deficiency symptoms
– Inability to see in the dim night, muddy and wrinkled skin , kidney and bladder stones;
Over dosage symptoms
– drowsiness, sluggishness, severe headaches, peeling of skin, hair loss, fatigue;
- Vitamin B Complex
B vitamins are found in whole unprocessed foods. Processed carbohydrates such as sugar and white flour tend to have lower B vitamin than their unprocessed counterparts. B vitamins are particularly concentrated in meat such as turkey and tuna, in liver and meat products. Good sources for B vitamins include whole grains, potatoes, bananas, chili peppers,beans, and molasses.
The B vitamins may be necessary in order to: support and increase the rate of metabolism, maintain healthy skin and muscle tone, enhance immune and nervous system function, help prevent anemia, reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer.
1. Vitamin B1 : rich in : whole wheat 0,4 mg/100g , egg 0,1mg/100g , liver 0,36 mg/100g , groundnut 0,9mg/100g;
Daily requirements : adults 1,8 mgm
2. Vitamin B2 : rich in : liver 1,7 mg/100g , egg 0,4 mg/100g , leafy vegetables 0,15 – 0,3 mg / 100g , milk 0,19 mg/100g;
Daily requirements : adults 1,5-1,8 mgm
3. Vitamin B3: rich in : meat, fish, liver, maize;
Daily requirements : adults 12-18 mgm
4. Vitamin B5 : rich in liver, kidney, egg yolk , milk;
Daily requirements : not precisely known , aprox. 10 mgm
5. Vitamin B6: rich in cereal germs, leafy vegetables, liver, kidney, meat, yeast;
Daily requirements : adults 2 mgm
6. Vitamin B8 : rich in yeast, egg yolk, cauliflower, peas, liver, kidney.
Daily requirements : 150 – 300 micro-grams
7. Vitamin B9 ( folic acid) : rich in spinach, broccoli, beans, grains, liver;
Daily requirements : under 400 micro – grams (toxicity level)
8. Vitamin B12 : rich in milk, cheese, liver, kidney, fish , eggs;
Daily requirements : 1 mcg
- Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
– fresh fruits, mainly in citrus fruits(orange, lemon, papaya, guava) , fresh vegetables like cauliflower, spinach, cabbage, parsley.
Benefits: Vitamin C acts like an antioxidant helping with tissue development and repair, increases the power of our immune system and lowers the level of LDL ( bad cholesterol).
Daily requirements: 75 mgm,;Vitamin C does not have a toxicity level , it also is the only vitamin that cannot be supplied by our body. Anyway, it is not indicated to overcome 1g per day.
Deficiency symptoms : fatigue, hemorrhages, risk of infections.
- Vitamin D
Vitamin D is found in some food but mainly it is produced by our body from contact to UV rays of the sun. Vitamin D + Calcium helps our body develop strong bones and also prevents osteoporosis. it is stored mainly in the fat depots.
– halibut liver oil , cod liver oil, shark liver oil, fish fat, eggs, butter, milk.
Daily requirements : approx. 500-600 i.u.
Deficiency symptoms: soft, easily bent bones, dental caries, loss of calcium.
- Vitamin E
Sources: widely distributed in foods; vegetable oils, sunflower seed, egg yolk, butter.
Daily requirements : 15-20 mgm
Deficiency symptoms: sterility in males, abortion in females;
- Vitamin K ( antihaemorrhagic factor)
Sources: spinach, broccoli, cabbage, brussels sprouts, asparagus, green beans.
Daily requirements: a normal mixed diet supplies the necessary amount of Vitamin K
Deficiency symptoms: imperfect blood coagulation, haemorrhages.


Concrete is a composite material. The use of concrete as a building material reaches back more than two thousand years. Evidence of sporadic use is found in the ancient eastern Mediterranean cultures, but the Roman Republic began making extensive use of concrete around 300 BC. The Colosseum (still standing) used concrete, the dome of the Roman Pantheon (still standing) is concrete, and the Roman aqueducts (many still standing) are concrete.
Concrete as a building material fell out of use after the decline of the Roman Empire in the 5th century. The modern revival of concrete is part of the Industrial Revolution. Various kinds of cement were developed in England starting in the 18th Century, and these led to the building of bigger and better freestanding structures.
Reinforced concrete was invented by Frenchman Joseph Monier, a gardener, who demonstrated his invention at the Paris Exposition of 1867. Reinforcing the concrete compensates for its major drawback, poor tensile strength. Reinforced concrete makes possible, for example, the tremendously large dams of the world (right).
Concrete as a finished product can be described as a kind of artificial stone made of many small stones in a binding agent. The major advantage of concrete over natural stone is that it is manufactured and poured as a viscous liquid into any desired shape, then it hardens. The recipe for concrete includes these several ingredients:
The aggregate is the main bulk of the concrete. This is irregular crushed stone, gravel, or sometimes waste and recycled materials.
Cement is the binding agent, usually the kind referred to as Portland cement. This is a grey powder consisting of lime and other minerals.
Water, when mixed in, turns the concrete temporarily into a slurry. The water gradually reacts with the cement and binds with its molecules, turning it into a hard solid. (Evaporation is not why concrete dries; this chemical reaction is.)
Reinforcement consists of metal bars ("rebar") or mesh embedded in the concrete. The resulting reinforced concrete has much greater tensile strength. Chemical polymers and carbon fiber are more recent reinforcements.
Decorations are important for some architectural or home landscaping purposes. A pigment will change the color of the concrete from its usual grey or white. Colored stones may be used as aggregate on the surface of, say, a walkway. The mold that the concrete is poured into may be sculpted into an artistic contour (right).
Huge volumes of concrete are produced to satisfy the construction industry of the world. Production of concrete is a local activity that takes place in and around most cities.
Concrete production can be described as wet or dry. Dry production mixes the cement powder, aggregate, and any additives before transport to the construction site. Wet production includes adding water and so must be done not long before use.
Depending on the final structure, concrete slurry is poured into trenches, wooden forms, or molds that give it shape. Concrete takes weeks or longer to harden. This is a chemical process that releases heat, so a very large volume of concrete, such as a dam, has to be cooled over all that curing duration. In a dry climate, the concrete should be kept wet so that it does not harden too quickly.
Concrete is a major structural element of buildings everywhere, including support columns and walls. Concrete is mixed in different varieties for different purposes. For example, the bottom support columns in a building might be designed for maximum strength, and the upper concrete portions might have minimum weight.
The highways of the United States and elsewhere are concrete, as are peripheral roads, sidewalks, and driveways.
Very large structures are commonly made of concrete, including walls, breakwaters, channels, and dams.
Clean Tech Considerations
Use of concrete has a relatively low environmental impact. The energy required for manufacture and transport is low. On the other hand, cement, the major ingredient, generates considerable CO2 when made. Cement powder is caustic and does have to be handled with some care.
Concrete manufacture can accept a small amount of recycled material. Fly ash from burned coal can substitute for a portion of the cement. Blast furnace slag and other industrial wastes have also been tried. Finally, the aggregate may include construction material from previous demolitions.
Concrete lasts for generations, if not centuries, and leaves a residue equivalent to slightly alkaline rock. Old concrete can potentially be crushed and recycled for use as other filler material. Rebar can be recycled with other similar metal. Because concrete is insoluble and nonflammable, though, the volume of material does have to be disposed of somehow once the structure's useful life is past.


Should Kids Use Antibacterial Soap?
Recently, there’s been a number of news reports questioning the effectiveness of antibacterial soap and antibacterial body wash. Parents have always wondered whether antibacterial soap is better than other types of soap, and I’ve always bought antibacterial soap because I thought it’s better to kill sickness-causing bacteria. However, it now seems like there are good reasons against using antibacterial soap products.
The first big piece of news recently was that antibacterial soaps were not actually better than regular soaps at killing bacteria. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) created quite a stir when it proposed requiring antibacterial soap manufacturers to prove the effectiveness of their product. The FDA wants more clinical studies done to show that the antibacterial chemicals in the soap are worthwhile.
The reason for the FDA’s concern is the growing problem of bacterial resistance, as some bacteria develop an immunity to the chemicals designed to kill them. Eventually, triclosan (the antibacterial agent in liquid soap), may become totally ineffective at killing bacteria, because the common bacteria have encountered the chemical for so long and grow immune to it. Bacterial resistance has already led some medical professionals to be more careful in prescribing antibiotics for things like sinus infections, as those bacteria grow more resistant to the drugs. Certain bacteria that cause staph infections are now resistant to certain drugs, and treatment of these infections is very difficult. This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the FDA fears that continued wide-spread use of certain antibacterial ingredients will eventually cause the common, sickness-causing bacteria to become immune to the antibiotics.
At this point, it is unclear whether very common bacteria are impacted by the triclosan in antibacterial soap, or not. That is why the FDA wants soap making companies to prove the effectiveness of their product. Scientists have been questioning antibacterial soap for years, but because of the large, high-powered consumer products industry, little has been done by way of government regulation until now.
The second reason for the uproar over antibacterial soap is that, regardless of whether it works, there is still a question of whether it is totally safe. There is new evidence which suggests there may be health impacts from the long-term use of triclosan. Researchers say there can be disruptions in the reproductive system and hormonal levels from prolonged use of tricolsan. Of note, scientists are concerned about the impact the chemical has on the thyroid gland, which regulates important hormones in the body.
The FDA is not getting into the use of hand sanitizers, as those chemicals are different than what is in antibacterial soap. Triclosan is also found in a number of other products, including some toothpastes, mouthwashes, and even fabric softeners.
Whatever you decide to use at your house, it sounds like a good idea to stay up-to-date with the research surrounding household chemicals like the triclosan in antibacterial soap. If it turns out that the chemicals are making bacteria harder to kill, then we need to see what new products we can develop in order to keep our kids free of dangerous germs.


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Available from end of October
You don't have time to make your own detergent at home, but you still want a natural and environmentally friendly detergent?
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Effective from 30 °C.
Our liquid detergent set consists of:
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Doxycycline directly targets PAR1 to suppress tumor progression
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Weilong Zhong1,*, Shuang Chen2,*, Qiang Zhang1,*, Ting Xiao1,*, Yuan Qin1, Ju Gu1, Bo Sun2, Yanrong Liu2, Xiangyan Jing1, Xuejiao Hu1, Peng Zhang1, Honggang Zhou1,2, Tao Sun1,2, Cheng Yang1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China
2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300000, China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Tao Sun, email: email@example.com
Cheng Yang, email: firstname.lastname@example.org
Keywords: tumor, molecular target, GPCR, tumor progression, antibotics
Received: November 23, 2016 Accepted: January 24, 2017 Published: February 07, 2017
Doxycycline have been reported to exert anti-cancer activity and have been assessed as anti-cancer agents in clinical trials. However, the direct targets of doxycycline in cancer cells remain unclear. In this study, we used a chemical proteomics approach to identify the Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) as a specific target of inhibition of doxycycline. Binding assays and single-molecule imaging assays were performed to confirm the inhibition of doxycycline to PAR1. The effect of doxycycline on multi-omics and cell functions were assessed based on a PAR1/thrombin model. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations revealed that doxycycline interacts with key amino acids in PAR1. Mutation of PAR1 further confirmed the computation-based results. Moreover, doxycycline provides highly selective inhibition of PAR1 signaling in tumors in vitro and in vivo. Using pathological clinical samples co-stained for doxycycline and PAR1, it was found that doxycycline fluorescence intensity and PAR1 expression shown a clear positive correlation. Thus, doxycycline may be a useful targeted anti-cancer drug that should be further investigated in clinical trials.
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Distortion of steel occurring during heat treatment
- 24 Downloads
Distortion during heat treatment was highest for samples of steels U8 and U10 and lowest for steel 7KhG2VM.
In samples of steels 3Kh2V8, KhVG, 7KhG2VM, and 12KhN2A the sign of distortion was constant within the given limits.
© Consultants Bureau 1969


With the use of a surface-scattering machine, layers of 27+/-4 nm diborane (B2H6) frosts were irradiated at 10 K and 10(-10) Torr with energetic electrons. The electrons induce a unimolecular decomposition of the diborane molecules and lead to boron-hydrogen bond rupture processes. Here, we report the first infrared spectroscopic detection of the monobridged diboranyl radical (B2H5, C2v) via the nu8 mode at 1033 cm(-1). The infrared assignment of the B2H5 isomer was verified by conducting experiments with diborane-d6 (B2D6). Under identical experimental conditions, the monobridged B2D5 isomer was observed via the nu6(1154 cm(-1)), nu8(823 cm(-1)), and nu5(1307 cm(-1)) absorptions. These data can be utilized in future spectroscopic studies of chemical vapor deposition processes to allow an identification of the monobridged diboranyl isomer in real time via infrared spectroscopy.


Due to its chemical specificity, the near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy is an interesting technique to study the changes in hybrid organic-inorganic photoresists. In this work, we analyzed the chemical changes occurring in photoresists synthesized from organically modified precursors and transition metal alkoxides by sol-gel route. These systems are nonchemically amplified resists for ultraviolet, extreme ultraviolet, and electron beam lithography. They are based on Si, Zr, and Ti oxides or a combination of these. The experiments were conducted at the PolLux beamline of the Swiss Light Source, by a scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, which combines the spatially-resolved microscopy and fine structure spectroscopy at once. The absorption spectra were collected in the energy range of the carbon edge (≈ 290 eV) before and after in situ exposure of the photoresists to 500 eV photons. The variations in peak intensity after exposure reveal the changes in the chemical environment of carbon and the chemical configuration of the organic ligands, regardless of the inorganic part. It was found that the photon exposure induced sizable photodegradation or photopolymerization of organic groups (phenyl or methyl methacrylate, respectively). These mechanisms contribute to the foundation for the exposure reaction in negative-tone hybrid photoresists. Interestingly, it was also found that the detachment of the phenyl ligand occurs in a variety of possible pathways to condensation. We believe that our results and approach can provide a better understanding of photochemistry of resists, in particular for extreme ultraviolet lithography.


THC PH down
The easiest way to understand pH is to think of it as being a number between 0 and 14. The number 7 is midway and represents neutrality. Numbers above 7 are alkaline and numbers below 7 are acidic.
Most plants grow in slightly acidic condition and this provides optimum take up of nutrient elements.
THC pH UP & DOWN can be used to move pH level in your solution using the two adjuster solutions.
Here at THC we recommend testing your solution on average twice a week depending on your feeding parameters. Use THC pH Test Kits to test your solution.


Creatine MALATE is a chemical compound created by combining creatine with malic acid. It is a popular dietary supplement used by athletes, especially in disciplines that require fast and intense muscle activity. Malate is more often used during the period of building muscle strength. Creatine is a naturally occurring compound in the body that is involved in the transfer of energy to muscles during physical exertion. Creatine supplementation is aimed at increasing the level of creatine phosphate in the muscles. Its action improves efficiency and increases mass. Creatine malate is more soluble in water than traditional monohydrate. Which can lead to faster absorption and more efficient transport of creatine to the muscles.
Dosage: 2-3 g per day.


Bela Ribar (1930-2006)
Professor Bela Ribar died suddenly on March 22, 2006 in Novi Sad, Serbia. He was born September 5th 1930 in Debeljača, Yugoslavia. He started his academic career at the Faculty of Sciences in Sarajevo in 1958. Being a grantee of the Swiss National Fund, he spent three years at the Crystallography Dept. of Bern U., where he obtained his Ph.D. degree in 1969. He joined the Faculty of Sciences in Novi Sad (1970), became a full professor in 1980. In 1987 he became a member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Vojvodina (VANU) and a permanent member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SANU) in 2000. In May 2004, he became a the foreign member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA).
He published over 200 papers in the field of crystallography most of them in leading international journals and he made significant scientific contributions by studying the crystal structure of a series of inorganic and organic substances and minerals. According to Science Citation Index (through end of 2001) his results were cited over 1000 times in various scientific publications of different branches of fundamental research.
During 25 years of activity in Novi Sad he did a lot for the development of structural crystallography in the region of Vojvodina. He was the founder and the head of the Laboratory for Crystal Structure Analysis within the Institute of Physics of the Faculty of Sciences until his retirement. He shared his knowledge and experience with great enthusiasm with his collaborators as they prepared their M.Sc.and Ph.D. theses under his supervision and became prominent researchers themselves. He was one of the founders and active members of the Yugoslav Center for Crystallography. He was also the first president of the Serbian Crystallographic Society founded in 1991, which, mostly due to his scientific reputation, soon joined the European Crystallographic Assn and the IUCr (1992/3). He served for many years as a referee for the international journals Acta Crystallographica and the Journal of Solid State Chemistry and he was a member of the Editorial Board for publications from the Yugoslav Center for Crystallography.


These high-energy, coin-cell lithium batteries last longer than silver-oxide batteries and are great for use in watches, medical devices and other electronics. They work as a replacement for Duracell, Eveready and Panasonic batteries among others.
- Package of 3 batteries for one low price
- Voltage: 3.6 V
- Capacity: 600 mAh
- Last longer than silver-oxide batteries
- For use in watches, medical devices & more
- Replaces CR2450, DL24050, ECR2450
Packaging may vary.


Measured concentrations of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) gas in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, measured relative to the expected/projected concentrations based on emissions reported by countries to the Montreal Protocol. This is measured in mole fractions (ppt) of CFC-11. In recent years (since 2012), concentrations have not declined at the projected rate, suggesting unreported sources of CFC-11 emissions.
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BioGuard’s newest and best performing algicide. Dual active ingredients combine traditional quat-based algicide and chelated copper In one powerful, high performance product. Dual active ingredients provide broader prevention and algae killing power versus algicides that only contain the individual ingredients. 72oz bottle provides ease of use with 4oz measuring cap and handle. Non- staining and non- foaming. Apply once per week.
A fast-acting, highly effective, patented, non-foaming algicide that produces results in 24 hours. Kills all types of algae in swimming pools. Also, Banish contains a patented chelant that prevents staining that commonly occurs with other copper-based algicides. Banish is formulated for use in chlorinated or brominated pools of all surface and filter types.
Use to maintain total alkalinity. Proper alkalinity prevents pH from “bouncing” due to rain, bather load and other chemical applications. This helps prevent pool staining, plaster etching or liner wrinkling due to improper pH. Dissolves quickly when added directly to water.


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