lyzylyzy/PN huggingface dataset:
If the confidence intervals around the standardised rate did not include the value 100 then the difference in rates between the practice and all practices combined was considered significant.
People were censored from the cohort if/when they started on systematic treatment.
Yes No skull x ray examination / no admission Appropriate Inappropriate management management Categorisation of decisions Skull x ray examination / admission Inappropriate management No No skull x ray examination / admission Appropriate management easily accessible were selected.
W mm before and 2.37 mm after angioplastyThe length uf ihe stenosis is determined by curvature analysis and is depicted by two vertical lines.
Exclusion criteria included prior myelodysplasia, myeloproliferative disease, or chemotherapy-related leukemia.
Baseline characteristics for the two groups of patients are compared in Table 1.The only significant difference between groups (except age) was the increased incidence of an en argcd hean, syncope and New York Hean Association functional class 11] and IV in the Ttll. PreoperalrecCteira iclerislicsofd beTwoPBtient Groups EMYein (n-44> 6510 75 Yon(B 131 pVihie Alr) 123 703 <0,WI MihlMleMi Z7 30 MS NtwYoikHonAssocinlloil K 36 <0.11 chain ta IV hEviaul nyocudU inhicdm 20 7 0.0(6 Oaeranpndyiluialon  23 NS Dilbacimflliloi 7 i NS ItnilllBlBdeKr 4 NS Wic-mOoac, 1 NS PllhH.mnyin.ulfcinc 7 NS NEIIIIlllWI.lflUllKl 3 NS Avow kail lizc W 118 457 115 NS (n.tn BSAI Nomlheilliiie _a 0.1)12 Aortic itt.rBiBI * y NS Milialtacaiiielence l NS (alOdRaH) CoacMBilmlCABC 22 29 NS 11B2 16 16 NS S3 7 13 0-27 InienilninmuyilKiy 9 22 0.13 StiMfAyttmi 77  NS Sypc 44 25 0.033 Dynmi I!
In this expression, K/V is calculated as (spKt/V)/Td expressed in h_1. Computation of eKt/V from actual postdialysis rebound In order to estimate the equilibrated BUN (Ceq) based on the observed postdialysis rebound at 60 minutes, the Runge-Kutta algorithm was used to obtain curve-fit solutions to the double-pool, variable-volume (dpvv) model [23] based on the prehemodialysis, posthemodialysis, and post + 60 minutes hemodialysis BUNs.
Second, the crude (or unadjusted) association between patient factors and the risk of septicemia over a seven-year period following the initiation of dialysis was examined using Poisson regression.
Follow-up for residence history for the purpose of estimating exposure to drinking water arsenic was provided by LDS church censuses.
For those who died after 1992, the 1990-1992 death rates for either the cancer or noncancer cause of death were applied.
The 98 inpatients in group 2 were emergency admissions to the receiving medical unit who did not have a primary cardiac diagnosis.
Methods Study identification Two online searches of the National Library of Medicine MEDLINE database were performed using the PubMed search engine.
Total costs were calculated by summing the costs of all noninvasive tests, catheterization and cardiac hospitalizations.
The birth registry information provided categorical information on the mother s smoking during pregnancy (no, yes, smoked after the first trimester, quit during the first trimester, no information).
Hospital care for children and young adults in the last year of life: a population-based study.
These criteria have recently been modified (5), but the modifications were not used in the present study.
Patients with a discharge diagnosis of gallstones from 1977 to 1989 were identified from the Danish National Registry of Patients and followed up for cancer occurrence until death or the end of 1993 by record linkage to the Danish Cancer Registry.
We defined left ventricular enlargement (LVE) in subjects 16 years of age or older as a left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) gt; Framingham 97.5 percentile standard (13).
For HD patients, information was collected on up to two types of vascular access in use (native arteriovenous fistula, gortex graft, bovine graft, permanent central venous catheter, and temporary catheter) and reuse of dialyzers in each patient.
Before and after periods (from 1 February to 31 May) were chosen in 1987, before distribution of the guidelines, and 1990, at the time of the earlier postal questionnaire, such that we would be studying the accident and emergency records at a time of reported receipt and use of the guidelines.
This report describes the cost of diagnosis and initial treatment of nonmetastatic breast cancer in Canada, assuming current practice patterns.
Changes in ankle brachial index in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects in the general population
Hypertension was defined according to the WHO definition as: systolic blood pressure160 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure 95 mm Hg and/or currently under antihypertensive drug treatment.
Intra-LV asynchrony was defined as a value of intra-LV electromechanical interval above 40 ms (mean value + 2 SD), with a statistical alpha risk of 0.05.
Patient characteristics and treatment factors were those obtained at the start of ESRD.
Images were recorded on -inch videotape using a commercially available VHS video recorder for each stage of stress.
Multivessel disease was defined as _75% stenosis in more than two major epicardial coronary arteries.
The difference between the rate of consultation for the chronic bronchitis population and the background probability yielded an estimate of the excess probability of GP consultations in patients with chronic bronchitis.
Additionally, 18% of admissions from HM03 were excluded because they were erroneously coded with a discharge diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
This does not imply that clinicians should not treat hypertensives with antihypertensive agents, but, from a public health perspective, it does support the idea that we cannot rely on mass treatment of hypertension to bring about the greatest declines in stroke mortality.
Myocardial infarction was defined as 1) development of new abnormal Q waves (Minnesota Code) not present at study inclusion (baseline); and 2) an increase of creatine kinase (CK) of more than twice the upper limit of normal and an abnormal level of CK-MB isoenzyme, measured routinely at screening and 6 and 12 h after the intervention and where clinically indicated.
Several additional analyses were included that evaluated estimated medical therapy costs as well as varying costs by the extent of perfusion abnormalities.
Patients with so-called accelerated ventricular rhythm, defined as ventricular rate only _20% faster than the child__ concurrent sinus rhythm, were excluded (12).
The remaining 64 patients (mean age 67 years; range 29 to 88 years) form the basis of this study.
The Student ttest was used to identify significant differences in numerical variables; categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square tests.
Cause-of-death codes that were in question were submitted to a second nosologist at the National Center for Health Statistics (Research Triangle Park, NC), who verified the coding of the first nosologist.
Initial cases were performed with general anesthesia, but spinal anesthesia was used predominantly in the last 100 cases.
The preoperative health status of each patient was determined with the American Society of Anesthesiologists Departments of Community Health Sciences and Anesthesia, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada Marsha M Cohen Department of Anesthesia, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Peter G Duncan Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Canada Donald P DeBoer Correspondence to: Dr M M Cohen, Clinical Epidemiology Unit (G-106), Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, North York, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada Accepted for publication 7 September 1994 137 Cohen, Duncan, DeBoer physical status score, which rates patients on a 1 to 5 scale from healthy (1) to not expected to survive the operation (5).
A second report will describe the lifetime costs of treating all stages of breast cancer.
Conclusions-Anaesthesia services are typically neglected in studies of hospital quality, yet patients express considerable anxiety about anaesthetic care.
Thirty-eight (4.5%) patients with immediate neurologic deficit and 26 (3.0%) patients who died during surgery or immediately thereafter were excluded from the study.
The OCMAP program (23), adapted to a nonoccupational cohort, was used to compare the observed number of deaths with the expected number of deaths generated from death rates from the white male and white female general population of Utah within a given underlying cause of death category.
Clinical assessments of health status as measures of susceptibility or potential for the threat of poor health outcomes included two dichotomous measures of body mass index[14] (i.e., overweight: 25 kg/m2 lt; BMI lt; 30 kg/m2; obese: BMI 30 kg/m2) and an ageand gender-weighted chronic disease score (CDS) [15] based on the presence or absence of 29 specific comorbidities determined from pharmacy dispensing data.
Results-The median number of guidelines variables recorded for all study periods ranged from 7 to 9 out ofa possible maximum of 27.
Controls were also excluded if their 12 lead ECG showed pathological Q waves, ST segment deviation, T wave inversion, bundle branch or atrioventricular block, tachyarrhythmia (other than isolated atrial ectopic beats) or chamber hypertrophy.
The progression of clinically important retinopathy is defined as a change of at least two steps from baseline measurements.
Four common CGP were defined: CGP1 = normal, with normal W/L ratio and VM; CGP2 = arterial remodeling, with increased W/L ratio with normal VM; CGP3 = arterial hypertrophy, with increased W/L ratio and increased VM; and CGP4 = arterial hypertrophy with dilation, with normal W/L ratio and increased VM.
Once selected, each subject underwent the following screening for the three proximate or immediate causes of stroke: a modified duplex scan by a registered vascular technician, an EKG rhythm strip, and a blood pressure measurement.
McNemar s test was used to compare the patients responses with the data in the hospital record to determine which was superior in elucidating symptoms.
Study protocol Initial patient care conformed to Advanced Cardiac Life Support recommendations for the evaluation and treatment of patients with suspected MI.
Subjects with complete Medicare data were similar to subjects excluded due to incomplete Medicare data with regard to age, race, income, and residential subjects.
Subjects were excluded from further evaluation if any of the following conditions or treatments applied to them: terminal illness; radiation therapy or chemotherapy; severe orthopedic or arthritic problems requiring joint replacement, braces, cane or walker; severe joint disease or pain or limp; claudication secondary to vascular disease or spinal stenosis; amputation of lower extremities; visual acuity worse than 20/50 or visual field defect on examination; history of findings consistent with neurological diseases that impair sensory and/or motor function (Parkinson__ disease, stroke, and so on); history of transient ischemic attacks or seizures; arrhythmia on resting electrocardiography (bradycardia below 45 beats/min; narrow QRS tachycardia over 120 beats/min; wide QRS tachycardia over 100 beats/min; frequent premature ventricular contraction; secondand third-degree heart block); symptomatic orthostatic hypotension (_20 mm Hg drop in systolic BP [SBP] with accompanying complaints of dizziness upon rising by history or examination); or regular usage of sedatives, tranquilizers, hypnotics, butyrophenones or tricyclic or atypical antidepressants.
Parental history of premature CHD death was defined as positive if the father died from CHD before age 60 and the mother before age 70.
Finally, the independent association of treatment factors (type of vascular access and reuse of dialyzers) with hospital-managed septicemia was examined, controlling for the potential confounders listed earlier here.
If the wall motion in at least one segment deteriorated by at least one grade compared to the rest wall motion, the SE was considered positive for ischemia.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) was defined as the presence of significant disease by angiography or evidence of a previous myocardial infarction.
15 Bucknall, Robertson, Moran, Stevenson Table 1 Details ofpatients in three study groups 1983 1985-6 1989 No 101 85 133 Median age (years) 48 40 40 No(%) men 43 40 29 No(%) non-smokers 52 55 47 Median hospital stay (days) 5 5 4 Median period of poor asthma 3 2 3 control, when recorded (days) phylline, and oxygen); (c) supervision (peak flow charting, assessment of inhaler technique, and repeat blood gas analysis); and (d) discharge and review arrangements (drugs on discharge and outpatient review plans).
We also modelled the regimens with paclitaxel 135 mg m-2 + cisplatin administered as an outpatient by 3-h infusion, as clinical data suggest that this is equivalent to 24-h infusion.
Therefore, the majority of the patients identified for inclusion in the study were patients who had graft survival of greater than three years, exhausted ESRD Medicare coverage, and were required to reapply for ESRD Medicare coverage.
A random ageand sex-stratified sample was selected from voting lists in 42 out of the 43 administrative districts in Belgium.
For the traditional binary classification (ischemic vs. nonischemic), an ischemic etiology of HF was defined as the presence of any epicardial coronary vessels with _75% stenosis or any history of MI or coronary revascularization (either percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting).
Analyses examined the relationship of these risk factors at baseline (onset of ESRD treatment) to subsequent outcomes.
Surface ECGs and tracings of VT episodes, also requested for all patients, were reevaluated by the authors for decision of exclusion of patients in a blinded fashion.
Forty-three pregnant women were recruited from the maternity unit/obstetric wards at Guy s and St Thomas Hospital.
There were no strokes or other thromboembolic events.
Patent branches involved in the dissection process or perfused from the false lumen were not considered compromised.
In the 1985-6 audit we identified patients each day who were admitted with asthma or wheezing illness in a non-smoker but observed that in only 85 patients was acute asthma (83) or asthma with bronchitis (two) recorded on the discharge summary.
Significant coronary artery disease was defined as _50% stenosis of the left main coronary artery or _70% stenosis in a major coronary artery, its branches or a bypass graft.
These assessments of variability were restricted to 22 of the 28 patients who had at least two modeled dialyses (total of 102 dialysis sessions).
Left main coronary artery disease was defined as _50% stenosis in the left main coronary artery.
Samples for cardiac marker assays (creatine kinase and its MB fraction) were obtained at 8, 16, and 24 h post-PCI or until hospital discharge, whichever occurred first.
Baseline investigations Renal function was estimated by three calculations: the serum creatinine level in mol/L 11 ; the Cockcroft-Gault formula inmL/min [(140 age) * body weight/(creatinine * 72) * 0.85 if female] 6 ; and Levey s prediction equation inmL/min [170 * (creatinine)-0.999* (age)-0.176* (urea)-0.170* (albumin)+0.318* 0.762 if female] 7 . The Cockroft-Gault and Levey s formulas were both expressed per 1.73m2 body surface area 12 .
The influence on survival of delay in the presentation and treatment of symptomatic breast cancer.
In all event-specific survival analyses, data were censored at the time of death if the patient had not previously suffered a neurologic event.
A subject was classified as having impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) if the PPBG was 7.78 mmol/l (140 mg/dl) and <11.1 mmol/l (200 mg/dl) and the FBG was <7.0 mmol/l (126 mg/dl); impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was diagnosed if the FBG was 6.1 mmol/l (110 mg/dl) and <7.0 mmol/l (126 mg/dl).
Long-term outcome after biologic versus mechanical aortic valve replacement in 841 patients
The cost of one fraction of radiotherapy was based on a study performed at the Ottawa Regional Cancer Centre, based upon 1995/96 costs.
The signs for both respiratory malignancies and age are positive for the 30-day death model, but negative for the SGC model.
Coronary bypass surgery or coronary angioplasty was not identified as a cardiac event, and patients were censored at the time of these procedures.
Approximate 95% CI for the differences in rates of these outcomes were calculated from the mean differences  1.96 standard error (SE).
Events occurring on POD 1 through 7 were recorded and included fever (temperature gt;39 C), hypoxia (SaO 2 lt; 92 mm Hg), need for pressors or inotropes, hematocrit lt;30%, serum sodium gt;150 or lt;130 mEq/dL, serum potassium gt;6 or lt;3 mEq/dL, glucose gt;300 or lt;60 mg/dL, and elevations in serum creatinine over preoperative values.
External validity was evaluated by comparing baseline data, process and outcome of care in all patients 65 years and older in NRMI 2 and CCP without matching at either the patient or hospital-level (unmatched comparison).
On discharge from the hospital, each patient received a patient diary to continue daily pain assessments.
Chemotherapy was started 24 h after the discontinuation of GCSF and according to the schedule summarised in Table 1 provided that the absolute granulocyte count was higher than 1000 mm3, the platelet count was higher than 50 000 mm3 (without a decreasing trend), and any other grade 3 or 4 toxic effects had resolved.
Prescription characteristics All seniors registered with the Alberta Health Care Insurance received subsidized prescriptions with Alberta Blue Cross.
The proportional mortality from ischaemic heart disease was considerably higher in North Karelia (40%) than in Kaunas (28%).
Analysis of variation and determination of the number of measurements To determine the session-to-session variation in the repeated measurements of the UKM variables and the day-to-day variation in dietary intake, the within-subject coefficient of variation [CV; CV = (sd/mean) _ 100%] was calculated from the available measurements.
Summed difference scores lt;2 were considered as no ischemia; 2 to 4 = mild ischemia; 5 to 8 = moderate ischemia; and gt;8 = severe ischemia.
Eligible case subjects were all patients aged 40 years or younger first diagnosed between 1 July 1983 and 1 January 1989, with histologically confirmed in situ or invasive breast cancer and all patients aged 55-64 years first diagnosed between 1 March 1987 and 31 December 1989 with histologically confirmed in situ or invasive breast cancer.
Patients were randomly assigned on a 1:1 basis to surgical treatment of the defect or to continued medical surveillance.
Of 64 420 patients initially identified from the Danish National Registry of Patients, 4244 (6.6%) were excluded because of death during the first year of follow-up, leaving 60 176 patients for the study.
Aspirin use was identified in patients prescribed single-ingredient aspirin formulations, combination drugs containing aspirin (excluding those medications indicated for acute analgesia), various antiplatelet aspirin alternatives such as ticlopidine and clopidogrel, and anticoagulants.
Baseline data collected include patient demographic information (age, gender, race), socioeconomic information (for example, insurance status just before the start of ESRD and education), laboratory data (for example, serum albumin, hematocrit), comorbid disease (for example, prior diagnosis of DM, neoplasm, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease), and dialysis modality (HD or PD).
To explore the simultaneous effects of perioperative characteristics on early death, variables that were significant at the 0.1 level in univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression model.
Patients with non__-wave acute myocardial infarction (elevation of the creatine kinase [CK] level above twice the upper limit of normal) were excluded.
Hypertension was defined as a history of a systolic blood pressure gt;160 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure gt;90 mm Hg.
Hypertension was defined as having a systolic BP _140 mm Hg or a diastolic BP _90 mm Hg or being on antihypertensive drugs.
Three categories of pre-existent disease-namely, angina, prolonged severe chest pain, and electrocardiographic ischaemia-were defined in a standard manner.
Ventricular arrhythmia was either ventricular tachycardia, a run of 7 ventricular premature depolarizations at a rate greater than 120 beat min 1, or the occurrence of greater than 30 ventricular premature depolarizations per hour.
A Hickman catheter infection was denoted as either a local erythema at the exit site with purulent drainage positive for a single or p redominant organism or inflammation (including re d n e s s and tenderness) at least 1 cm or more up the line from the exit site or at any other point along the tract with an associated positive blood culture in the absence of a positive local site culture.
We did not classify use of a medication that was likely to cause symptoms when a good alternative was not available as an ME. All signals were classified as either excluded, ADEs, ADE/MEs, and potential ADE/MEs.
of patients (%) speciation by biochemical methods: COz requirement, urease activity, and growth on basic fuchsin and thionin symptoms dyes.
A medical history was taken and clinical examination was performed.
The costs associated with tamoxifen hormonal therapy were obtained from the pharmacy departments of the Ottawa Civic and General hospitals.
The primary end point was in-hospital death, recurrent myocardial infarction, or recurrent ischemia requiring angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).
From the randomly selected HPFS controls, 61% agreed to participate, and 81% of those completed the collection.
We also compared the use of lipid-lowering agents and antithrombotic agents in patients with associated coronary or peripheral arterial disease and the use of anticoagulation in patients in atrial fibrillation (AF).
Because the interaction between ACE inhibitors and aspirin may be confined to patients with heart failure, a subgroup analysis of patients with heart failure was carried out.
Noncardiovascular hospital admissions were analyzed under the trial categories of malignancy (including lymphoma, myeloma and malignant melanoma but excluding minor skin cancers), psychiatric diagnoses, trauma and other causes.
Patients with acute MI had two of three criteria: chest pain lasting gt;30 min, rise and fall of creatine kinase with MB fraction gt;4% and new pathologic Q waves of gt;0.04 s duration (16).
The independent predictors of cardiac catheterization were defined by developing a multivariable logistic regression model estimating the use of angiography as a dichotomous outcome.
In order to calculate the kappa coefficients, self-reported mixed skin colour was collapsed with light mulatto and dark mulatto.
Hypercholesterolemia was treated with pravastatin and acipimox.
Low cardiac output syndrome was denned as the need for intniaortic balloon pumping or prolonged (>24 h) need of inotropic drugs, or both.
Intraoperative exclusion criteria included a complicated intraoperative course, cardiopulmonary bypass time exceeding 3 hours, or insertion of an intra-aortic balloon pump.
Cardiovascular diagnoses included a history of severe and/or uncontrolled hypertension (defined as repeated systolic blood pressures gt; 160 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressures gt; 100 mm Hg), a history of hypertension that was treated with medications, any history of ischemic heart disease, congenital heart disease, intrinsic valvular disease, history of cardiotoxic chemotherapy or radiation therapy involving the chest, or with moderately severe obesity defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than 35 kg/m2.
Study outcome Reinfarction was defined as recurrence of clinical symptoms (or new electrocardiographic changes) and new elevation of creatine kinase (CK) or CK-MB within 30 days after hospital admission.
Of the invasive cancers, over 769,000 were diagnosed among parents and 166,000 among offspring.
All patients who underwent ASO for TGA or DORV between January 1, 1992 and December 31, 1996 were included.