id int64 0 499 | input stringlengths 2.9k 4.9k | gold_index int64 0 12 | options stringclasses 1
value | label stringclasses 12
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|---|---|---|---|---|
200 | Moreover, a normal level of expression of << PSS1 >> and/or PSS2 is not required for generating the pool of [[ PtdSer ]] externalized during apoptosis.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: product-of
The positive correlation between << vitamin A >> and [[ immunoglobulin A ]] concentrations might be the result of th... | 10 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | agonist |
201 | << 5-Hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3'4'-hexamethoxyflavone >> inhibits nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia via NF-κB suppression and [[ Nrf-2 ]]-dependent heme oxygenase-1 induction.
what is the relation? activator
In general, << rifampicin >> can act on a pattern: rifampicin activates the [[ nucl... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
202 | The << M564G >> mutated CrAT showed higher activity toward longer chain [[ acyl-CoAs ]]: activity toward myristoyl-CoA was 1250-fold higher than that of the wild-type CrAT, and lower activity toward its natural substrate, acetyl-CoA.
Query: What is the relation? substrate
One of the enzymes responsible for the product... | 5 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | substrate |
203 | << Amitriptyline >>, but not any other tricyclic or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants, promotes [[ TrkA ]] autophosphorylation in primary neurons and induces neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells.
what is the relation? activator
Pretreatment with dexamethasone significantly suppressed nasal allergy-like... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
204 | << Fluoride >> treatment also increased phosphorylation of [[ JNK ]] and ERK, but not p38, and apoptosis induced by fluoride was notably or partly suppressed by treatment with JNK or ERK inhibitors, respectively.
Query: What is the relation? activator
Binding of the agonist angiotensin II (AngII) and inverse agonist <... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
205 | They all expressed ASS, but not << ornithine transcarbamylase >> (OTC), the enzyme that converts [[ ornithine ]], the product of degradation of arginine with rhArg, to citrulline, which is converted back to arginine via ASS.
Query: What is the relation? substrate
The << beta(2)-adrenoceptor >> (beta(2)-AR) agonists cl... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
206 | The << A2A adenosine receptor >> agonist [[ CGS21680 ]] (C23H29N7O6.HCl.xH2O) (0.001-0.1 μM) did not alter NE oxidation currents.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: agonist
Pretreatment of the tissues with combined 5-HT1/<< 5-HT2 >> antagonists, methysergide (1 microM) or methiothepin (0.1 microM), significantly ... | 4 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-upregulator |
207 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "<< Adenylosuccinate synthetase >> (AdSS) catalyzes the Mg2+ dependent condensation of a molecule of IMP with aspartate to form [[ adenylosuccinate ]], in a reaction driven by the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP."? product-of
Question: What is the relation in the sentence "Pretr... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
208 | In reference to "In general, << rifampicin >> can act on a pattern: rifampicin activates the [[ nuclear pregnane X receptor ]] that in turn affects cytochromes P450, glucuronosyltransferases and p-glycoprotein activities.", what is the relation? agonist-activator
In reference to "The positive correlation between vitam... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
209 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "In addition to this pronounced loss of function, << M1766L >> also showed a 10-fold increase in the persistent late [[ sodium ]] current."? upregulator
Question: What is the relation in the sentence "While there is considerable indirect evidence to implicate << histamine... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
210 | << Leukotriene D4 >> induces cognitive impairment through enhancement of CysLT₁ R-mediated [[ amyloid-β ]] generation in mice.
Query: What is the relation? indirect-upregulator
<< Pinosylvin >> was also found to attenuate the activation of proteins involved in focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/c-Src/[[ extracellular signal-... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
211 | Regarding "The esterified-BM, however, had only partial transactivation agonistic activity in cells transfected with << rat GR >>, whereas [[ BM ]] and esterified-DEX had full transactivation agonistic activity.", can you determine the relation? agonist-activator
Regarding "The effect of sumatriptan, but not of LY 344... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
212 | Licofelone almost abolished << 5-LOX >> activity by inhibiting [[ leukotriene B4 ]] generation in rabbit neutrophils and prevented platelet thromboxane B2 production from whole blood.
Query: What is the relation? product-of
Addition of << putrescine >> restored the induction of apoptosis as indicated by an increase in... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
213 | Regarding the sentence "One of the enzymes responsible for the production of KA, kynurenine aminotransferase I (<< KATI >>), also catalyses the reversible transamination of glutamine to [[ oxoglutaramic acid ]] (GTK, EC 2.6.1.15).", what is the relation? substrate_product-of
Regarding the sentence "<< Fluoride >> trea... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
214 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 mRNAs were also increased by pelargonidin in three primary human hepatocytes cultures (approximately 5% of << TCDD >> potency) and the increase in CYP1A1 protein in HepG2 and LS174T cells was comparable to the increase in catalytic activity of [[ CYP1A1 ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
215 | << SNP >> inhibits the accumulation of HIF-1alpha, the regulatory subunit of HIF-1, and the transcriptional activation of [[ HIF-1alpha ]] via a mechanism that is not dependent on either NO or soluble guanylate cyclase.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: indirect-downregulator
<< COX-1 >> inhibition was measured ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
216 | Consider the text "Specifically, aniracetam, which potentiates wild-type AMPA receptors, is ineffective on the non-desensitizing << GluR3 >>(L507Y) mutant, but has synergistic effects with [[ lithium ]] on wild-type receptors.". Can you identify the relation? activator
Consider the text "Type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehy... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
217 | In reference to "Firstly, in the normal human renal epithelial HK-2 cells, the measurement of the expression of 30 previously reported NRF2 target genes in response to NRF2 inducers (sulforaphane, tert-butylhydroquinone, cinnamic aldehyde, and << hydrogen peroxide >>) showed that the [[ aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C1 ]]... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
218 | In reference to "No effects were observed when << fenclozic acid >> was assessed for P450-dependent and P450-independent cytotoxicity to THLE cell lines, time-dependent inhibition of five major [[ human cytochrome P450 ]] enzymes, inhibition of the biliary efflux transporters BSEP and MRP2 or mitochondrial toxicity to ... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
219 | Given the text "Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase 2J2 (<< CYP2J2 >>) metabolizes [[ arachidonic acids ]] to form epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which possess various beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.", describe the relation. substrate
Given the text "<< GW9662 >>, a [[ PPARgamma ]] antagonist, prevented (P... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
220 | Consider the text "In conclusion, fenoterol-induced constitutive << beta(2)-adrenoceptor >> activity reduces muscarinic receptor agonist- and histamine-induced contractions of bovine tracheal smooth muscle, which can be reversed by the inverse agonist [[ timolol ]].". Can you identify the relation? agonist-inhibitor
C... | 6 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | upregulator |
221 | Consider the text "Pretreatment of the tissues with combined 5-HT1/<< 5-HT2 >> antagonists, methysergide (1 microM) or methiothepin (0.1 microM), significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of [[ epinastine ]] on the noncholinergic contraction.". Can you identify the relation? agonist-inhibitor
Consider the text "A... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
222 | Also in contrast to effects of multiple << METH >> injections, 1) MDMA caused little or no decrease in binding of the [[ DAT ]] ligand WIN35428, and 2) neither prevention of hyperthermia nor prior depletion of DA prevented the MDMA-induced reduction in plasmalemmal DA transport.
what is the relation? downregulator
In ... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
223 | Given the text "<< Phenylephrine >> elicited a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect via [[ alpha 1-adrenoceptors ]] in the presence of either (+/-)-bupranolol or S(-)-timolol.", describe the relation. agonist-activator
Given the text "One of the enzymes responsible for the production of KA, kynurenine ami... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
224 | In further evaluation, the representative compound << N,N-diethyl-N-(2-(N-methyltetradecanamido)ethyl)prop-2-en-1-aminium bromide >> (3b) exhibited potent pro-apoptotic activity, through [[ RhoB ]] activation, in HeLa cells.
what is the relation? activator
One of the enzymes responsible for the production of << KA >>,... | 4 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-upregulator |
225 | Consider the text "The involvement of EP1 and EP2 receptors is indicated by studies with the EP1 selective agonist 17-phenyl trinor PGE2, and the EP2 selective agonist butaprost (which stimulate), as well as by studies with the antagonists SC-51089 (EP1 specific) and << AH 6809 >> (EP1 and [[ EP2 ]] specific).". Can yo... | 4 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-upregulator |
226 | Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1; << adrenodoxin >>) is an iron-sulfur protein that is involved in various metabolic processes, including [[ steroid hormone ]] synthesis in mammalian tissues.
Please explain the relation. product-of
A series of phenolic acids and phenol natural products, such as << p-hydroxybenzoic acid >>, p-coumar... | 5 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | substrate |
227 | We found that reduction of the carcinogenic hydroxylamines of the aromatic amine << 4-aminobiphenyl >> (4-ABP; found in cigarette smoke) and the heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP; found in grilled meats) was indeed catalyzed by a purified system containing only [[ human b5R ]] a... | 0 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | product-of |
228 | Consider the text "Expression of the dominant negative mutants rab5A-<< N133I >> or rab7-N125I blunted [[ U50,488H ]]-induced down-regulation.". Can you identify the relation? downregulator
Consider the text "These data suggest that endothelial << NO >> synthesis depends on the activity of [[ arginase II ]] in mitocho... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
229 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "Upon co-exposure to V(5+) and << TCDD >>, V(5+) significantly potentiated the TCDD-mediated induction of the Cyp1a1, [[ Cyp1a2 ]], and Cyp1b1 mRNA, protein, and catalytic activity levels at 24 h."? activator
Question: What is the relation in the sentence "In conclusion, ... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
230 | Regarding the sentence "Even though the activities of MAT and << GNMT >> were elevated, the concentration of liver S-adenosylmethionine was decreased (24%, p<0.001) and [[ S-adenosylhomocysteine ]] increased (113%, p<0.001) in the dwarf mice.", what is the relation? product-of
Regarding the sentence "Pretreatment of t... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
231 | Pretreatment of the tissues with combined << 5-HT1 >>/5-HT2 antagonists, methysergide (1 microM) or methiothepin (0.1 microM), significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of [[ epinastine ]] on the noncholinergic contraction.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: agonist-inhibitor
<< Adenylosuccinate synthetase >... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
232 | In reference to "<< Amitriptyline >>, but not any other tricyclic or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants, promotes [[ TrkA ]] autophosphorylation in primary neurons and induces neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells.", what is the relation? activator
In reference to "Taken together, our findings indicate t... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
233 | Regarding the sentence "<< Phenylephrine >> elicited a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect via [[ alpha 1-adrenoceptors ]] in the presence of either (+/-)-bupranolol or S(-)-timolol.", what is the relation? agonist-activator
Regarding the sentence "Comparison of all the << beta-adrenoceptor >> antagonist... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
234 | Given the text "One of the enzymes responsible for the production of KA, kynurenine aminotransferase I (<< KATI >>), also catalyses the reversible transamination of [[ glutamine ]] to oxoglutaramic acid (GTK, EC 2.6.1.15).", describe the relation. substrate_product-of
Given the text "<< β-ionone >> was also shown to i... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
235 | Given the text "Type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase encoded by the << HSD11B2 >> gene converts [[ cortisol ]] to inactive cortisone, and alteration in this enzymatic activity might affect glucose homeostasis by affecting circulating levels or tissue availability of glucocorticoids.", describe the relation. substrat... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
236 | Given the text "Binding of the agonist angiotensin II (AngII) and inverse agonist << losartan >> in wild-type [[ AT1R ]] changed the accessibility of reporter cysteines, and the pattern was consistent with ligand-specific "lid" conformations of ECL2.", describe the relation. agonist-inhibitor
Given the text "HbA1c lev... | 0 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | product-of |
237 | Regarding "Cholesterol esterase (<< CE >>) induced surface erosion of [[ poly(ethylene carbonate) ]] (PEC) and drug release from PEC under mild physiological environment was investigated.", can you determine the relation? substrate
Regarding "<< Carnitine acetyltransferases >> (CrAT) catalyze the reversible conversion... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
238 | Given the text "The results suggested that both the EtOAc extract and berberine were able to activate << PPARα/β/γ >>, and Rhizoma Coptis contains potential natural agonists of PPARs besides [[ berberine ]].", describe the relation. agonist-activator
Given the text "These results strongly suggest that << ABCA1 >> is s... | 4 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-upregulator |
239 | Taken together, our findings indicate that 5HHMF suppresses << NO >> production through modulation of iNOS, consequently suppressing NF-κB activity and induction of Nrf2-dependent [[ HO-1 ]] activity.
what is the relation? downregulator
Two beta(2)-agonists, formoterol and << salmeterol >>, are approved for treating a... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
240 | Regarding "Effects of << ORF 17583 >>, other [[ histamine H2-receptor ]] antagonists and omeprazole on gastric acid secretory states in rats and dogs.", can you determine the relation? antagonist
Regarding "On the basis of our findings with structurally similar arylhydroxylamine metabolites of therapeutic drugs, we hy... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
241 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "<< HSYA >> suppressed the expression of TLR-4, [[ Myd88 ]], ICAM-1, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 at the mRNA and protein level, and inhibited the adhesion of leukocytes to A549 cells."? indirect-downregulator
Question: What is the relation in the sentence "Astrocytes may play a ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
242 | Given the text "Inhibition of mTOR by low dose << rapamycin >> decreases HG-induced [[ Nox4 ]] and Nox1, NADPH oxidase activity and podocyte apoptosis.", describe the relation. indirect-downregulator
Given the text "These results suggest that the megabase DNA fragmentation is induced as a consequence of inhibition of ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
243 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "Analysis of splice variants and site-directed mutants of the AMPA receptor GluR3 expressed in Xenopus oocytes has shown that lithium produces a large potentiation of the << GluR3 flop >> splice variant and suggested that [[ lithium ]] might inhibit rapid desensitization, ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
244 | << Indomethacin >> activates carbonic anhydrase and antagonizes the effect of the specific [[ carbonic anhydrase ]] inhibitor acetazolamide, by a direct mechanism of action.
Query: What is the relation? activator
Terfenadine and astemizole are chemically unrelated to << histamine H1-receptor >> antagonists such as dip... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
245 | Regarding the sentence "Ten IU/mL urokinase was also incubated with pooled plasma of stroke patients, that was previously oxidized with the singlet oxygen (1O2) donor chloramine T (<< CT >>), to destroy [[ plasmatic PAI-1 ]] and alpha2-antiplasmin.", what is the relation? downregulator
Regarding the sentence "In concl... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
246 | Sepracor in the US is developing arformoterol [R,R-formoterol], a single isomer form of the << beta(2)-adrenoceptor >> agonist [[ formoterol ]] [eformoterol].
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: agonist
Pretreatment of the tissues with combined 5-HT1/<< 5-HT2 >> antagonists, methysergide (1 microM) or methiothepin... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
247 | Risperidone is metabolized to its active metabolite, << 9-hydroxyrisperidone >>, mainly by the [[ cytochrome P450 ]] enzymes CYP2D6 and 3A4.
Please explain the relation. product-of
One of the enzymes responsible for the production of KA, << kynurenine aminotransferase I >> (KATI), also catalyses the reversible transam... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
248 | The involvement of EP1 and << EP2 receptors >> is indicated by studies with the EP1 selective agonist 17-phenyl trinor PGE2, and the EP2 selective agonist [[ butaprost ]] (which stimulate), as well as by studies with the antagonists SC-51089 (EP1 specific) and AH 6809 (EP1 and EP2 specific).
Query: What is the relation... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
249 | In reference to "The involvement of << EP1 >> and EP2 receptors is indicated by studies with the EP1 selective agonist [[ 17-phenyl trinor PGE2 ]], and the EP2 selective agonist butaprost (which stimulate), as well as by studies with the antagonists SC-51089 (EP1 specific) and AH 6809 (EP1 and EP2 specific).", what is ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
250 | Synthesis and in Vitro Characterisation of << Ifenprodil >>-Based Fluorescein Conjugates as GluN1/GluN2B [[ N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor ]] Antagonists.
Query: What is the relation? antagonist
These results indicate that phillyrin prevents lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells by blocking the expression of SREBP-1c and F... | 5 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | substrate |
251 | These studies suggest that HER2-overexpressing tumors are particularly susceptible to the inhibition of HER family << tyrosine kinase >>[[ tyrosine ]] kinase signaling and suggest novel strategies to treat these particularly aggressive tumors.
Please explain the relation. substrate
Pharmacological properties of << lor... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
252 | Regarding "<< Carnitine acetyltransferases >> (CrAT) catalyze the reversible conversion of acetyl-CoA and [[ carnitine ]] to acetylcarnitine and free CoA.", can you determine the relation? substrate_product-of
Regarding "The non-selective << adenosine receptor >> antagonist ([[ caffeine ]]), and the selective adenosin... | 0 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | product-of |
253 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "We investigated the involvement of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor for bile acids, in the << chenodeoxycholic acid >> (CDCA)-induced expression of Cdx2 and [[ MUC2 ]] in normal rat gastric epithelial cells (RGM-1 cells)."? indirect-upregulator
Question... | 5 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | substrate |
254 | Given the text "The involvement of EP1 and EP2 receptors is indicated by studies with the << EP1 >> selective agonist [[ 17-phenyl trinor PGE2 ]], and the EP2 selective agonist butaprost (which stimulate), as well as by studies with the antagonists SC-51089 (EP1 specific) and AH 6809 (EP1 and EP2 specific).", describe ... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
255 | << Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase 2J2 >> (CYP2J2) metabolizes arachidonic acids to form epoxyeicosatrienoic acids ([[ EETs ]]), which possess various beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: product-of
In the present study, we compared the pharmacology of (+/-)pindolol, << ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
256 | The results suggested that both the EtOAc extract and berberine were able to activate << PPARα/β/γ >>, and Rhizoma Coptis contains potential natural agonists of PPARs besides [[ berberine ]].
Please explain the relation. agonist-activator
The antipsychotic drugs sertindole and << pimozide >> block [[ erg3 ]], a human ... | 4 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-upregulator |
257 | Given the text "<< Carnitine acetyltransferases >> (CrAT) catalyze the reversible conversion of acetyl-CoA and [[ carnitine ]] to acetylcarnitine and free CoA.", describe the relation. substrate_product-of
Given the text "Pretreatment of the tissues with combined 5-HT1/<< 5-HT2 >> antagonists, methysergide (1 microM) ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
258 | The treatment of U937 cells with << NRF2 >> inducers including [[ sulforaphane ]] effectively elevated the expression of AKR1B1, 1B10, 1C1, 1C2, and 1C3.
what is the relation? activator
Binding of the agonist angiotensin II (AngII) and inverse agonist << losartan >> in wild-type [[ AT1R ]] changed the accessibility of... | 4 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-upregulator |
259 | Type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase encoded by the << HSD11B2 >> gene converts cortisol to inactive [[ cortisone ]], and alteration in this enzymatic activity might affect glucose homeostasis by affecting circulating levels or tissue availability of glucocorticoids.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: substrate... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
260 | Consider the text "METHODS: (+/-)-Modafinil and its R-(-)- and S-(+)-enantiomers were synthesized and tested for inhibition of << [(3)H] dopamine >> (DA) uptake and [(3)H]WIN 35428 binding in human dopamine transporter ([[ DAT ]]) wild-type and mutants with altered conformational equilibria.". Can you identify the rela... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
261 | It is possible that << vitamin C >>, an antioxidant, may prevent cigarette smoke (CS)-induced NF-κB activation that involves degradation of [[ I-κBε ]] and nuclear translocation of c-Rel/p50 in alveolar epithelial cells.
Query: What is the relation? downregulator
Our results indicate that Salix extract 1520L inhibits ... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
262 | Given the text "Both 5 alpha-NET and << 3 beta,5 alpha-NET >> blocked the [[ PR ]] down-regulation induced by P4 as assessed by Western and Northern blot methods.", describe the relation. indirect-upregulator
Given the text "Different substrates were used as the relative specific substrates for the determination of am... | 9 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | downregulator |
263 | This study assessed changes in myocardial ALDH2 expression in the diabetic rat, in particular the diabetic rat pretreated with << ALDH2 >> activator ethanol ([[ EtOH ]]).
Query: What is the relation? activator
Repression of farnesyltransferase (FNTA) by siRNA and the enzyme inhibitor << manumycin A >> caused elevation... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
264 | Regarding "Moreover, << BH(4) >> treatment of the fructose-fed rats markedly reduced the lipid peroxide content of both aortic and cardiac tissues and inhibited the activation of 2 redox-sensitive transcription factors, [[ nuclear factor-kappaB ]] and activating protein-1, which were increased in fructose-fed rats.", c... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
265 | Similar to << gemfibrozil >>, clofibrate, another fibrate drug, also inhibited the expression of [[ iNOS ]].
Query: What is the relation? indirect-downregulator
<< Indomethacin >> activates carbonic anhydrase and antagonizes the effect of the specific [[ carbonic anhydrase ]] inhibitor acetazolamide, by a direct mecha... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
266 | One of the enzymes responsible for the production of KA, kynurenine aminotransferase I (KATI), also catalyses the reversible transamination of glutamine to << oxoglutaramic acid >> ([[ GTK ]], EC 2.6.1.15).
what is the relation? substrate_product-of
Consistent with these locations, << N-ethylmaleimide >>, an inhibitor... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
267 | Consider the text "The hyperglycemic effect of << m-CPBG >> central administration was blocked by pretreatment with ondansetron, a specific [[ 5-HT3 ]] receptor antagonist, indicating that the effects here obtained with m-CPBG were a result of its interaction with 5-HT3 receptors.". Can you identify the relation? agoni... | 0 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | product-of |
268 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "The involvement of EP1 and EP2 receptors is indicated by studies with the << EP1 >> selective agonist 17-phenyl trinor PGE2, and the EP2 selective agonist butaprost (which stimulate), as well as by studies with the antagonists [[ SC-51089 ]] (EP1 specific) and AH 6809 (EP... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
269 | Methanandamide (10.0 mg/kg) had lesser effect than other CB agonists, and the << CB2 >> agonist AM1241 [[[ 1-(methylpiperidin-2-ylmethyl)-3-(2-iodo-5-nitrobenzoyl)indole ]]], the anandamide transport inhibitor AM404, and the CB antagonist rimonabant did not have diuretic effects.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer:... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
270 | Regarding the sentence "Exposure of cells to 4mM << NaF >> for 24h induced [[ caspase-3 ]] activation, ultrastructural alterations, and resulted in the translocation of Bax to the mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial inter-membrane space into the cytosol, indicating that fluoride-mediated... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
271 | RESULTS: << DRF 2655 >> showed concentration-dependent transactivation of [[ PPARalpha ]] and PPARgamma.
Please explain the relation. agonist-activator
BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of the first cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) in 1997, most clinicians and probably most patients would consider the cholinergic drug... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
272 | A series of << phenolic acids >> and phenol natural products, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, quercetin, and ellagic acid, were investigated for their inhibitory effects against the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, [[ EC 4.2.1.1 ]]).
Please ex... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
273 | Consider the text "Combination treatment with the selective << 5-HT1A >> antagonist [[ WAY100635 ]] produced a dose-dependent augmentation of venlafaxine-induced (3-30 mg/kg s.c) extracellular 5-HT concentrations, but had no further effect on NA above that produced by venlafaxine alone.". Can you identify the relation?... | 5 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | substrate |
274 | Regarding the sentence "Type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase encoded by the << HSD11B2 >> gene converts [[ cortisol ]] to inactive cortisone, and alteration in this enzymatic activity might affect glucose homeostasis by affecting circulating levels or tissue availability of glucocorticoids.", what is the relation? s... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
275 | A series of << phosphorylated flavonoids >> were synthesized and investigated in vitro as inhibitors of pancreatic cholesterol esterase ([[ CEase ]]) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
what is the relation? inhibitor
FCEO significantly inhibited << nitric oxide >> (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by suppressing the prot... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
276 | Given the text "Similarly, << pelargonidin >> induced the expression of [[ CYP1A1 ]] mRNA up to 5-fold in HepG2 and LS174T cells relative to the induction by 5 nM 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), the most potent activator of AhR.", describe the relation. indirect-upregulator
Given the text "<< ACTH >>-stimulat... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
277 | The identification of the succinate receptor << SUCNR1 >> in platelets is of particular interest, because physiologically relevant concentrations of [[ succinate ]] were shown to potentiate the effect of low doses of a variety of platelet agonists.
what is the relation? agonist
The results suggested that both the EtOA... | 5 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | substrate |
278 | In reference to "Our results suggest that arsenite can potentiate EDHF-type relaxations via a mechanism that is dependent on hydrogen peroxide, thus demonstrating that dismutation of the << superoxide >> anion generated by [[ NADPH oxidase ]] can potentially offset loss of NO bioavailability under conditions of reduced... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
279 | << Doxycycline >> was shown to decrease cerebral MMP-9 activities and angiogenesis induced by [[ vascular endothelial growth factor ]] (VEGF).
Query: What is the relation? inhibitor
<< Pranlukast >>, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, inhibits interleukin-5 production via a mechanism distinct from [[ leukotriene recep... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
280 | In reference to "During early pregnancy in sheep, the elongating conceptus secretes interferon-τ (IFNT) and the conceptus as well as endometrial epithelia produce << prostaglandins >> (PG) via [[ PG synthase 2 ]] (PTGS2) and cortisol via hydroxysteroid (11-β) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1).", what is the relation? product-o... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
281 | << Ramelteon >> (Rozerem; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan) is an orally active, highly selective melatonin [[ MT(1) ]]/MT(2) receptor agonist.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: agonist
In fact, we demonstrated a significant stimulation of << Nox4 >> activity by 4 quinone derivatives ([[ AA-86... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
282 | Take together, our results demonstrated that << juglone >> might induce the apoptosis in LNCaP cell via down-regulation of [[ AR ]] expression.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: indirect-downregulator
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd) and 5-trifluorothymidine (<< F3(d)Thd >>) are antimetabo... | 5 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | substrate |
283 | Although both intracellular and membrane Cx43 pools were markedly reduced in cells released from contact inhibition by << TCDD >>, siRNA-mediated [[ Cx43 ]] knock-down was not sufficient to stimulate proliferation in contact-inhibited cells.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: downregulator
<< Pinosylvin >> inhibi... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
284 | Upon co-exposure to V(5+) and << TCDD >>, V(5+) significantly potentiated the TCDD-mediated induction of the [[ Cyp1a1 ]], Cyp1a2, and Cyp1b1 mRNA, protein, and catalytic activity levels at 24 h.
Question: what is the relation?
Answer: upregulator
<< Genistin >> decreased [[ myosin light chain kinase ]] (MLCK) protein... | 6 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | upregulator |
285 | Regarding "2-(2-Aminoethyl)-quinoline (<< D-1997 >>): a novel agonist at [[ 5-hydroxytryptamine1-like receptors ]] in the canine basilar artery.", can you determine the relation? agonist
Regarding "<< Topiramate >> also partially depressed predominantly [[ AMPA-receptor ]]-mediated EPSCs, but with lower efficacy.", ca... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
286 | Ten IU/mL urokinase was also incubated with pooled plasma of stroke patients, that was previously oxidized with the << singlet oxygen >> (1O2) donor chloramine T (CT), to destroy [[ plasmatic PAI-1 ]] and alpha2-antiplasmin.
Please explain the relation. downregulator
Subsequently, << pinosylvin >> suppressed the nucle... | 0 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | product-of |
287 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "These results indicate that << U50,488H >>-induced down-regulation of the [[ hkor ]] involves GRK-, arrestin-2-, dynamin-, rab5-, and rab7-dependent mechanisms and receptors seem to be trafficked to lysosomes and proteasomes for degradation."? downregulator
Question: Wha... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
288 | In reference to "The esterified-BM, however, had only partial transactivation agonistic activity in cells transfected with << rat GR >>, whereas BM and esterified-[[ DEX ]] had full transactivation agonistic activity.", what is the relation? agonist-activator
In reference to "These results indicate transcription of <<... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
289 | In reference to "db/db mice treated with << DRF 2655 >> showed 5- and 3.6-fold inhibition in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose 6-phosphatase activity and 651% and 77% increases in the beta-oxidation enzymes [[ carnitine palmitoyltransferase ]] and carnitine acetyltransferase, respectively.", what is the rel... | 3 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | activator |
290 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "In kidneys, stimulation of adenylyl cyclase causes egress of cAMP, conversion of << cAMP >> to AMP by ecto-[[ phosphodiesterase ]], and metabolism of AMP to adenosine by ecto-5'-nucleotidase."? substrate
Question: What is the relation in the sentence "Binding of the agon... | 4 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-upregulator |
291 | Selective antagonism of << GluR5 >> kainate-receptor-mediated synaptic currents by [[ topiramate ]] in rat basolateral amygdala neurons.
Please explain the relation. antagonist
These results indicate that phillyrin prevents lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells by blocking the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS through LKB1/A... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
292 | Regarding the sentence "Meanwhile, autophagy was detected as early as 12 h after an exposure to low-dose << dioscin >>, as indicated by an up-regulated expression of [[ LC3-II ]] and beclin-1 proteins.", what is the relation? indirect-upregulator
Regarding the sentence "Suppression of Src/<< ERK >> and GSK-3/β-catenin... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
293 | Dexamethasone (DXM) decreased the expression of CXCL-8, VEGF, and iNOS induced by reIL-4, while 1400W dihydrochloride (<< 1400W >>), a selective inhibitor of iNOS, decreased the expression of E-selectin, [[ VEGF ]], and iNOS.
Please explain the relation. indirect-downregulator
OBJECTIVE: Preclinical evaluation of << D... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
294 | Regarding the sentence "Pretreatment of the tissues with combined << 5-HT1 >>/5-HT2 antagonists, methysergide (1 microM) or methiothepin (0.1 microM), significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of [[ epinastine ]] on the noncholinergic contraction.", what is the relation? agonist-inhibitor
Regarding the sentence "... | 0 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | product-of |
295 | In reference to "The acute toxicity of organophosphorus (OP) compounds in mammals is due to their irreversible inhibition of << acetylcholinesterase >> (AChE) in the nervous system, which leads to increased synaptic [[ acetylcholine ]] levels.", what is the relation? substrate
In reference to "Ginsenosides Rb2, Rd and... | 0 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | product-of |
296 | The obtained results showed that pioglitazone improved the renal function, structural changes, renal malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), << nuclear factor kappa B >> (NF-κB) genes expression in [[ cisplatin ]] injected rats.
what is the relation? indirect-downregulator
RESULTS: << DRF 2655 >> s... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
297 | Question: What is the relation in the sentence "Reduced synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) contributes to the endothelial dysfunction and may be related to limited availability of << L-arginine >>, the common substrate of [[ constitutive nitric-oxide synthase ]] (NOS) and cytosolic arginase I and mitochondrial arginase II.... | 11 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | antagonist |
298 | Consider the text "The results showed that (1) 15mg/kg body weight PhIP induced obvious histopathological changes in gastric mucosa; (2) << PhIP >> (10 and/or 15mg/kg) significantly decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathioneperoxidase (GPx) activities, while increased catalase ([[ CAT ]]) activity compared wi... | 2 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | indirect-downregulator |
299 | Given the text "The << Na channel >> block caused by [[ lidocaine ]] and RSD1235 can be through the open or inactivated states of the channel, but both equivalently inhibit a late component of Na current (I(Na)), recorded at 22 degrees C using whole-cell patch clamp of Nav 1.5 expressed in HEK cells.", describe the rel... | 7 | ['product-of', 'substrate_product-of', 'indirect-downregulator', 'activator', 'indirect-upregulator', 'substrate', 'upregulator', 'inhibitor', 'agonist-activator', 'downregulator', 'agonist', 'antagonist', 'agonist-inhibitor'] | inhibitor |
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