Appropriations for FY2002: Legislative Branch
Released: 2002-04-10T00:00:00

Most Recent Developments

Conferees on the FY2002 legislative branch appropriations bill agreed to $2.97 billion forlegislative branch operations, an 8.9% increase over the FY2001 funding level of $2.73 billion ( P.L.107-68 ). Total FY2002 funding made available for the legislative branch is $3.23 billion, whenincluding emergency response funds transferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002 EmergencySupplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Response to Terrorist Attacks (in Division B,chapter 9).

P.L. 107-68 contains funds for 79 new Capitol Police positions, funds for Capitol Policetraining programs, language providing comparability in the pay of the Capitol Police with theUniformed Division of the Secret Service and the Park Police, an 18.1% increase in the policebudget, an additional $70 million for construction of the Capitol visitors' center, and severalmeasures to recruit and retain employees of the Senate and the congressional support agencies.

The Senate version, S. 1172 , passed on July 19, contained $1.9 billion forlegislative activities. (1) This was a 5.6% ($103.1 million) increase over FY2001's funding level of $1.8 billion and 5.0%($103.9 million) below the request considered by the Senate of $2.1 billion ( S.Rept. 107-37 ). (2) On July 31, the Senate tookup H.R. 2647 and amended it to contain the language of S. 1172 , as passedon July 19. (3)

The House version, H.R. 2647 , passed on July 31, contained $2.2 billion, (4) a 4.4% ($95 million) increase,from $2.144 billion in FY2001 to $2.239 billion in FY2002. (5) The FY2002 appropriationwas a 2.5% decrease from the budget request considered by the House of $2.296 billion ( H.Rept.107-169 ).

The terrorists' attacks of September 11, 2001, prompted moves toward an even more stringentsecurity environment on Capitol Hill. On September 18, President Bush signed a $40 billionFY2001 terrorist supplemental appropriations bill ( H.R. 2888 ) into P.L. 107-38 . Pursuant to P.L. 107-38 , the President has released $376.9 million in terrorist emergency funds forincreased security at the Capitol. The President requested the release of an additional allocation forlegislative branch security of $265.1 million, which unlike the other allocations for security, requiredcongressional approval. Congress approved the funds, as requested, as part of the FY2002 defensedepartment appropriations bill, which was signed into P.L. 107-117 on January 10, 2002.

Introduction

Effective in FY1978, the legislative branch appropriations bill was divided into two titles. Title I, Congressional Operations, contains budget authorities for activities directly serving Congress. Included in this title are the budgets of the House, the Senate, Joint Items (joint House and Senateactivities), the Office of Compliance, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the Architect of theCapitol (AOC) (except the Library of Congress (LOC) buildings and grounds), the CongressionalResearch Service (CRS) within the Library of Congress, and congressional printing and bindingactivities of the Government Printing Office (GPO).

Title II, Related Agencies, contains budgets for activities not directly supporting Congress. Included in this title are the budgets of the Botanic Garden, the Library of Congress (except theCongressional Research Service), the Library buildings and grounds maintained by the Architect ofthe Capitol, the Government Printing Office (except congressional printing and binding costs), andthe General Accounting Office (GAO). Periodically since FY1978, the legislative bill has containedadditional titles for such purposes as capital improvements and special one-time functions.

As Figure 1 illustrates, in FY2001, Title I budget authority was 68% of the totalappropriation of $2.730 billion, including a rescission and supplementals. Title II budget authoritywas 32% of the total appropriation. In addition, there was legislative budget authority that was notincluded in the annual legislative branch appropriations act or supplemental appropriations acts. Itincluded permanent budget authority for both federal funds and trust funds, and other budgetauthority. (6)

Figure 1. Title I and Title II of the FY2001 LegislativeBranch Appropriations Act (Including P.L. 106-554, a0.22% Rescission, and Supplementals)

Permanent federal funds are available as the result of previously enacted legislation and donot require annual action. (7)

Permanent trust funds are monies held in accounts credited with collections from specificsources earmarked by law for a defined purpose. Trust funds do not appear in the annual legislativebill since they are not budget authority. They are included in the U.S. Budget either as budgetreceipts or offsetting collections. (8)

The Budget also contains non-legislative entities within the legislative branch budget. Theyare funded in other appropriation bills, but are placed in the legislative section by the Office ofManagement and Budget for bookkeeping purposes. (9)

Status

Table 1. Status of Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY2002(P.L. 107-68; H.R. 2647; S. 1172)

a. Mark up was held by the full Senate Committee on Appropriations.

b. Subsequently, on July 31, the Senate too up the companion measure ( H.R. 2647 ),which it had received from the House, and amended it to incorporate the provisions of the Senatemeasure ( S. 1172 ).

Actions on the FY2002 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill (H.R. 2647; S. 1172; P.L. 107-68)

Submission of FY2002 BudgetRequest. On April 9, 2001, the President submitted the FY2002 U.S. Budget which contained a request prepared by legislative branch entities of$2.954 billion (10) for activities funded in the annual legislativebranch appropriations bill. The requests of some entities were revised, increasing thetotal legislative branch request to $2.977 billion. (11) Therevised budget request represents an increase of $247 million (9.1%) over theFY2001 appropriation of $2.730 billion. (12)

Passage of the Senate Version of the FY2002 Bill(S. 1172). On July 19, the Senate approved S. 1172 , which contains $1.9 billion for legislative activities, exceptthose of the House. The appropriation is $103.9 million (5.0%) below the request of$2.1 billion, excluding House funds, and $103.1 million (5.6%) more than theFY2001 appropriation of $1.8 billion, excluding House funds. Subsequently, on July31, the Senate took up the companion measure ( H.R. 2647 ), which it hadreceived from the House earlier in the day, and amended it to incorporate theprovisions of S. 1172 .

Earlier, on July 12, the Senate Committee on Appropriations marked up andreported S. 1172 ( S.Rept. 107-37 ). Two amendments were agreed toduring markup. The first contained $1 million for the Capitol Visitors' Center, andthe second, $5.2 million for the General Accounting Office (GAO) to implement theTruth in Regulating Act of 2000. There is language within the Capitol Policeaccount directing GAO to study the feasibility of consolidating "all Capitol Hillpolice forces," and to report its findings no later than six months after enactment ofthe FY2002 legislative branch appropriations bill.

Among other elements, S. 1172 contained $1 million for theCapitol Visitors' Center, defers funds for continuation of rehabilitation of the CapitolDome, addresses management concerns in the operations of the Architect of theCapitol, and authorizes student loan repayments in certain legislative entities.

Passage of the House Version of the FY2002 Bill(H.R. 2647). On July 31, the House passed H.R. 2647 containing $2.2 billion, excluding funds for Senate activities. This represents a 4.4% ($95 million) increase over FY2001, to $2.239 billion inFY2002 from $2.142 billion in FY2001. (13) The FY2002 figure is a 2.5% decrease from the$2.296 billion budget request considered by the Committee.

According to a press release issued by the House Appropriations Committeeon July 20, the bill funded a 4.6% cost of living pay increase for House staff, atwo-thirds and one-third staff ratio for House committees, a staff transit subsidyprogram, and demolition of the House O'Neill office building; and it containedlanguage directing the chief administrative officer (CAO) of the House to studyalternatives for a self-sustaining staff fitness center. The bill did not contain fundsfor the Capitol Visitors' Center. H.R. 2647 was reported on July 26( H.Rept. 107-169 ).

Actions on FY2001 Supplemental Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill (H.R. 2216; S. 1077; P.L. 107-20)

Conference Version of the FY2001 Supplemental(H.R. 2216). On July 20, 2001, both houses agreed to theconference report on H.R. 2216 , containing a $79.5 million FY2001legislative branch supplemental appropriation ( P.L. 107-20 , signed July 24). Mostof the funds ($61.7 million) were available for internal operations of the House,including $44.2 million for Members' representational allowances, committees, andallowances and expenses, and $17.5 million for officers and employees. Of thisamount, $20.7 million was available for Members' representational allowances toenable Members to meet the expenses of increases in Members' office allowancesand office staff salaries that were authorized earlier in 2001. (14)

The supplemental also contained $1 million for the Capitol Police, $35,000for the Office of Compliance, $15.9 million for the Government Printing Office, and$600,000 for the Library of Congress, and $290,000 for Representatives' deathgratuities.

House Version of the FY2001 Supplemental(H.R. 2216). On June 20, the House passed H.R. 2216 containing $80.5 million, with $61.7 million available forinternal House operations. The $61.7 million was made available for the Houseaccount, "salaries and expenses," to be divided as follows:

$44.2 million for three appropriations headings, "Members'representational allowances, including Members' clerk hire, official expenses ofMembers, and official mail," "committee employees," and "allowances andexpenses;" and

$17.5 million for the heading "salaries, officers andemployees," including $3.2 million for the Office of the Clerk and $14.3 million forthe Office of the Chief Administrative Officer (CAO). Funds for the Office of theClerk included $2.5 million to continue replacement of the Legislative InformationManagements Systems (LIMS) and $650,000 for the Office of the HouseEmployment Counsel. Funds for the CAO were to be made available for "upgradesto hardware and infrastructure for improved and higher speed network connectivitybetween Member Washington and district offices and within the House campus." (15)

In addition, the House version of H.R. 2216 contained thefollowing funds:

$35,000 for the Office of Compliance "for unexpected requestsfor counseling and mediation services;" (16)

$9.9 million for the "congressional printing and binding"account of the Government Printing Office (GPO) "to fund a shortfall based on theincreased volume of printing of publications and associated information products andservices ordered by Congress during fiscal years 2000 and 2001;" (17)

$6.0 million for the "Government Printing Office revolvingfund" for improvements in the agency's lighting and air conditioning systems,including the replacement of chillers;

$290,000 for a death gratuity to the widows of laterepresentatives; and

$600,000 to the Library of Congress for a telecommunicationsproject.

Senate Version of the FY2001 Supplemental(S. 1077). On July 10, the Senate passed its version ofthe FY2001 supplemental appropriations bill, S. 1077 , containing $15.9million to be made available as follows:

$35,000 for the Office of Compliance;and

$15.9 million for the Government Printing Office (GPO), thesame as passed by the House, with $9.9 million for the "congressional printing andbinding account" and $6 million for the GPO revolving fund.

In addition, the Committee's report on S. 1077 containedlanguage that: (18)

deferred without prejudice the House request of $61.7 millionfor its internal operations;

directed the General Accounting Office (GAO) to undertake a"general management review" of the operations of the Architect of the Capitol (AOC)that "would be helpful in evaluating and determining appropriate levels ofcompensation for AOC management." (19) The review is to include (1) "an overallassessment of the agency's organizational structure, strategic planning, skills,staffing, systems, accountability reporting, and execution of its statutory and assignedresponsibilities," and (2) "recommendations for enhancing the overall effectivenessand efficiency of AOC operations along with recommendations as to how toimplement such improvements...no later than April 2002";

explained that the Committee did not provide funds to theGeneral Accounting Office (GAO) to carry out its responsibilities under the Truth inLending Act of 2000, stating that implementation was not "an urgent need at thistime;" (20)

authorized a consultant for the President pro tempore emeritus;and

amended the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission Actto transfer administrative support responsibilities from the General ServicesAdministration to the Library of Congress.

Actions on the FY2001 Terrorism Emergency Supplemental (H.R. 2888; P.L. 107-38)

On September 14, 2001, both Houses passed a FY2001 terrorism emergencysupplemental appropriations bill, H.R. 2888 , containing $40 billion. H.R. 2888 was signed into P.L. 107-38 on September 18. The Actprovided that $20 billion be made available for release by the President withoutfurther congressional action, and $20 billion be available for the President to useupon congressional approval. (21)

Of the $20 billion not requiring congressional approval, the President released$376.9 million for legislative branch security, as follows:

On September 21, the President released $3.25 million of thosefunds for "increased security measures, including overtime compensation for the U.S.Capitol Police and the installation of protective window film for the U.S.Capitol." (22)

On September 28, the President released an additional $83.20million for the legislative branch to "support increased security measures, includingpaying overtime compensation for the Capitol Police, preparing for future terroristevents, and performing actions that can be taken to reduce the risk and potentialdamage to life and property caused by future terrorist events." (23)

On December 3, the President released an additional $290.4million to "support increased security measures, including constructing the CapitolVisitors Center, paying overtime compensation for the Capitol Police, preparing forfuture terrorists events, and performing actions that can be taken to reduce the riskand potential damage to life and property caused by future terrorist events. (24)

Of the $20 billion requiring congressional approval, the President requestedthe obligation of $256.1 million on October 17 for security enhancements to theCapitol Complex, the Government Printing Office, and the General AccountingOffice, and for efforts to reduce damage to life and property by future terroristattacks. His request also contained $10 million for additional security of theSupreme Court building. (25)

For more details, see the section in this report on Capitol Hill security.

Elements That Congress Considered During Discussions on the FY2002 Bill

Among elements that Congress considered during discussions on the FY2002bill were proposals to:

review public and private funds currently available forconstruction of the U.S. Capitol visitors' center and determine what additional fundsare necessary to complete the project; S. 1172 contained $1 million forthe center; the House bill did not contain funds; conferees approved $70 million;

merge the Capitol Hill, Library of Congress, and GovernmentPrinting Office police into a consolidated force; Senate report language containedlanguage directing the General Accounting Office to study the issue;

authorize and fund programs to enhance staff retention andrecruitment, such as repayment of student loans, and implementation ofperformance-based recognition and compensation proposals; P.L. 107-68 containslanguage authorizing student loan repayments for employees of the Senate andCongressional Budget Office; and

approve $42.5 million for repair of the Capitol dome; P.L.107-68 contains $1.6 million for painting.

Figure 2. Legislative BranchAppropriations, FY1995-FY2001

Figure 3. Legislative BranchAppropriations, FY1995-FY2001

Capitol Complex Security

In the aftermath of the first-ever evacuation of the Capitol and surroundingoffice buildings on September 11, the U.S. Capitol Police Board created a specialtask force to fully review Capitol Hill security. New evacuation procedures were alsoquickly established. Additional actions included the establishment of a terrorist andsecurity "working group" in the House of Representatives, the release of $377.0million in terrorist emergency funds for increased security at the Capitol, and thetransfer of an additional $256.1 million to legislative branch agencies.

Special Task Force/House WorkingGroup. Shortly after the terrorist attacks, a special task forcecomposed of congressional leaders and officers, Members of the appropriationscommittees, and representatives of the Capitol Police, Department of Defense (DoD),and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) was created to develop plansfor communications and security upgrades, and emergency evacuation arrangementsfor the Capitol complex, the Supreme Court, and the Library of Congress. (26) In addition,the Committee on House Administration created a working group that includedHouse officers, the Architect of the Capitol, and representatives from the Committeeon House Administration and the House Committee on Appropriations,Subcommittee on Legislative, to study Capitol Hill security and recommendupgrades. (27)

Funding for the Capitol PoliceBoard. Conferees agreed to $126.2 million for the Capitol PoliceBoard, an increase of 18.1% over $106.9 million appropriated for FY2001. Theconference figure was agreed to in lieu of the Senate proposal of $125.3 million (anincrease of $18.4 million, or 17.2%, over the FY2001 level of $106.9 million), andthe House proposal of $123.7 million (an increase of $16.8 million, or 15.7%, overFY2001).

Funds for the Capitol Police Board are contained under two headings,"Capitol Police salaries," and "Capitol Police, general expenses." For Capitol Policesalaries, conferees agreed to $113.0 million, compared with the Senate proposal of$112.9 million and the House proposal of $112.6 million. The FY2002appropriations was divided between the House and Senate with $55.2 millionprovided to the Senate Sergeant at Arms and $57.8 million to the House Sergeant atArms.

For Capitol Police general expenses, the conference figure was $13.2 million,compared with the Senate proposed $12.4 million and the House proposed $11.1million. Conferees noted that the increase over the House figure allows:

$65,000 for card readers; and

$2 million for "the accelerated upgrade and installation of anew networked in-place monitoring system."

The general expenses appropriation also contained $1.5 million for thepurchase of 40 vehicles for canine officers to transport police dogs, in order to bringthe Capitol Police canine unit on an "operational-parity to other federal lawenforcement agencies."

The conference also contained administrative provisions that:

authorized the Capitol Police to purchase goods and servicesin emergency situations, with the requirement that they report such transactions,along with the reasons, to the House and Senate Committees onAppropriations;

authorized the Capitol Police to accept donations of meals andrefreshments in emergency situations;

limited the pay for the chief administration office of the CapitolPolice; and

authorized the payment of certain expenditures made inconnection with the September 11 terrorist acts, and subsequentthreats.

The final bill also restored pay parity for the Capitol Police with the UnitedStates Park Police and the Uniformed Division of the Secret Service.

Conferees allowed for 79 new police positions, the number suggested by theCapitol Police as the maximum that could be recruited and trained during the fiscalyear. The additional FTEs brought the total number of Capitol Police FTES to 1,481in FY2002, as proposed by both the House and Senate. Based on a 1998 study ofCapitol security, and a subsequent review of the study in 2000, the FTE goal was setat 1,694, the number considered necessary to place two officers at each access pointin the Capitol and House and Senate office buildings, a key priority of the policeforce. The FY2002 request contained funds for an additional 49 FTEs to bring thetotal number of authorized FTEs to 1,530 in FY2002. During his testimony beforethe Senate Subcommittee on Legislative Branch earlier this year, the chief of theCapitol Police noted that this proposed increase followed a reduction in FY2001 of30 FTEs, to 1,481 from 1,511. (28)

Subsequently, Congress authorized an additional 269 FTEs for FY2002, fora total FY2002 authorized FTE level of 1,750. (29) Theauthorization was contained in P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002 EmergencySupplemental. (30)

The House bill and report on FY2002 legislative branch appropriations alsoprovided funding for training, and increased the training per officer from 40 hoursa year to 80 hours a year; purchase of a visual alarm monitoring system "with thecapability to superimpose over realistic 3D and 2 D views;" and a pilot program forcard access at certain House office building entrances ($130,000).

Senate language in the bill and report on FY2002 legislative branchappropriations also contained -- (1) $5 million for pay adjustments to provide forcomparability in pay with that of employees of the U.S. Park Service and theUniformed Secret Service; (2) funds for additional training of officers and civilianpersonnel, including overtime funding to allow officers to receive an additional 40hours in-service training related to their specified duties; (31) (3) fundsfor recruitment of new officers; (4) funds for changes in the administration of theCapitol Police; and (5) language directing the General Accounting Office to study thefeasibility of merging the police forces of the Library of Congress and theGovernment Printing Office with the Capitol Police force, with completion of thestudy within six months of enactment of the FY2002 legislative branchappropriations bill.

FY2001 Terrorism Emergency Supplemental (P.L.107-38). On September 18, 2001, President Bush signed P.L. 107-38 , which included $40 billion in FY2001 emergency supplementalappropriations approved by Congress in response to the terrorist attack of September11. The Act provided that $20 billion be made available for release by the Presidentwithout further congressional action, and $20 billion be available for the Presidentto use upon congressional approval. (32)

Of the $20 billion not requiring congressional approval, the President released$376.9 million for legislative branch security. Four days after he signed P.L.107-38 ,the President released $3.25 million for "increased security measures, includingovertime compensation for the U.S. Capitol Police and the installation of protectivewindow film for the U.S. Capitol." (33)

On September 28, the President released an additional $83.20 million to"support increased security measures, including paying overtime compensation forthe Capitol Police, preparing for future terrorist events, and performing actions thatcan be taken to reduce the risk and potential damage to life and property caused byfuture terrorist events" as follows: (34)

Senate, $5,265,000;

House of Representatives, $1,265,000;

Office of Attending Physician, $1,500,000;

Capitol Police, $40,300,000;

Architect of the Capitol, $32,373,000; and

Library of Congress, $2,500,000.

On December 3, the President released an additional $290.4 million to"support increased security measures, including constructing the Capitol VisitorsCenter, paying overtime compensation for the Capitol Police, preparing for futureterrorists events, and performing actions that can be taken to reduce the risk andpotential damage to life and property caused by future terrorist events" asfollows: (35)

Senate, $18,750,000;

House of Representatives, $22,648,000;

Capitol Police, $37,950,000; and

Architect of the Capitol, $211,047,000.

Of the $20 billion requiring the approval of Congress, the President submitteda request on October 17 to obligate $256.1 million for security enhancements to theCapitol Complex, the Government Printing Office, and the General AccountingOffice, and for efforts to reduce damage to life and property by future terroristattacks. His request also contained $10 million for additional security of theSupreme Court building. (36)

Congress agreed to the President's request in December, 2001, as part of theFY2002 defense department appropriations bill, H.R. 3338 , in DivisionB, chapter 9, titled, "Legislative Branch, Joint items, Legislative Branch EmergencyResponse Funds (Including Transfer of Funds)." The President signed H.R. 3338 into law on January 10, 2002 ( P.L. 107-117 ). The Actauthorized the transfer of $256.1 million "to ensure the continuance of government;to enhance the safety and security of legislative branch offices, systems andemployees; and to meet the needs arising from the recent anthrax-related events." The Act authorized transfers as follows: (37)

$34.5 million to the Senate;

$41.7 million to the House;

$350,000 to the Capitol Guide Service and Special ServicesOffice;

$31.0 million to the Capitol PoliceBoard;

$106.3 million to the Architect of theCapitol;

$29.6 million to the Library of Congress;

$4 million to the Government Printing Office;

$7.6 million to the General Accounting Office;and

$1.0 million as a grant to the United States Capitol HistoricalSociety.

Additionally, conferees:

directed that these funds could be obligated by any one of theseentities only with prior approval of an obligation plan submitted by the entity to theHouse and Senate Committees on Appropriations ( House and Senate were excludedfrom this requirement);

directed the General Accounting Office to review the plans ofthese entities to obligate funds, and report on these plans, and to submit quarterlyreports on the status of expenditures to the House and Senate Committees onAppropriations;

noted in their report that approximately $23 million wasincluded in the $256.1 million for the House, the Senate, the United States CapitolPolice, the Architect of the Capitol, the Library of Congress, and the GeneralAccounting Office to meet costs incurred in responding to the threat of anthrax in theCapitol complex; (38)

authorized an additional 195 FTEs for the Capitol Police force,increasing the total authorized officer FTE level to 1,454 forFY2002;

authorized an additional 74 civilian FTEs, increasing the totalauthorized civilian FTE level to 296 for FY2002, with the purpose of establishing anOffice of Emergency Management and a Chem-Bio Strike Team;

noted that the transfer of $1 million to the United StatesHistorical Society reflected conferees' concerns for the impact of the loss of tourismon activities and the financial situation of the Society since September 11, 2001, and directed that the Society "submit a detailed spending plan and a plan for futureself-sufficiency" to the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations by February15, 2002;

approved language establishing the House of RepresentativesOffice of Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations to be responsible "forthe mitigation and preparedness operations, crisis management and response,resource services, and recovery operations," (39) with thedirector of the office to be supervised by the House of Representatives Continuity ofOperations Board, composed of the clerk, the sergeant at arms, the chiefadministrative officer; and

authorized the Capitol Police Board to establish a student loanrepayment program to aid in recruitment and retention of officers and civilians, witha cap of $6,000 per calendar year, or a total of $40,000.

Among other legislative branch provisions contained in P.L. 107-117 arethose:

authorizing the Senate Sergeant at Arms to acquire buildingsand facilities in order to respond to an emergency situation;

authorizing the Senate Sergeant at Arms to enter into amemorandum of understanding with an executive agency in an emergencysituation;

authorizing the Chief Administrative Officer of the House toacquire buildings and facilities in response to emergencysituations;

authorizing the Chief Administrative Officer of the House toenter into a memorandum of understanding with an executive agency in anemergency situation;

authorizing anthrax contaminated mail that was delivered to theHouse by the U.S. Postal Service to be destroyed, or otherwise disposedof;

authorizing an increase in the salaries of the chief and assistantchief of the Capitol police;

authorizing the Capitol police to accept contributions ofincidental items and services in response to emergencies;

authorizing the Capitol police to accept assistance inemergencies by executive agencies;

authorizing the chief of police to deputize members of the D.C.National Guard and law enforcement personnel who have been dulysworn;

authorizing the Capitol Police Board to permit the Capitolpolice chief to pay recruitment and relocation bonuses, retention allowances toofficers and civilians, lump sum incentive and merit bonus payments, service stepincreases for meritorious service for officers, and additional compensation for fieldtraining officers; and

authorizing the U.S. Capitol Preservation Commission totransfer funds from the Capitol Preservation Fund to the Architect of the Capitol forthe Capitol visitors' center.

Additionally, P.L. 107-117 transferred $30 million to the U.S. Supreme Courtfor security enhancements of its building and grounds (Division B, chapter 1, of P.L.107-117 ).

Earlier, on November 14, the House Appropriations Committee reported H.R. 3338 , as part of Division B, ( H.Rept. 107-298 ), authorizing thetransfer of funds as follows:

$34.5 million for the Senate Sergeant at Arms;

$40.7 million for the House, including $12 million for mailhandling safeguards, and $21.7 million for securing computer facilities away fromthe Capitol Complex;

$1 million for the U.S. Capitol Historical Society;and

$179.9 million for the Capitol Police Board to transfer to otherlegislative agencies, with the Appropriations Committee anticipation that the amountwill be allocated as follows: $59.4 million for the Capitol Police, including funds forcompletion of a Capitol Police and other federal law enforcement officials trainingfacility; and reimbursements to the National Guard for expenses of additional CapitolComplex protection; $105.7 million for the Architect of the Capitol, including fundsfor a new Capitol Police center and headquarters facility; and $14.8 million for theLibrary of Congress.

The supplemental also:

directed the Capitol Police Chief to establish an Office ofEmergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations in the House to be "responsiblefor mitigation and preparedness operations, crisis management and response, andresource services, and recovery operations;"

directed the Capitol Police Chief to initiate a study on the "bestorganizational structure and mission to provide" for an enhanced capability torespond to chemical and biological attacks in the Capitol Complex, and authorizesup to 72 FTE positions to provide this capability;

expanded the jurisdiction of the Capitol Police to the propertyof the Botanical Garden;

authorized the House Chief Administrative Officer to acquirebuildings and facilities in response to emergency situations;

authorized executive agencies to provide assistance to theCapitol Police; and

established a House Continuity of Operations Board, comprisedof the House Clerk, Sergeant at Arms, and Chief AdministrativeOfficer.

The House passed H.R. 3339 , with the supplemental onNovember 29, without amendment. Subsequently, H.R. 3338 wasreported by the Senate Appropriations Committee on December 4 ( S.Rept. 107-109 ),and passed on December 7. The conference report was filed on December 19, 2001( H.Rept. 107-350 ).

Capitol Visitors' Center. Conferees on the FY2002 legislative branch appropriations bill, agreed to add $70million for the Capitol visitors' center, reflecting an increased interest by someMembers of Congress in making appropriations available so that construction couldbegin in early calendar year 2002.

Prior to approval of $70 million for the center, the Senate Subcommittee onLegislative Branch made $1 million available during mark up of the FY2002 bill for"planning, engineering, design, and construction" of the center which is "to providegreater security for all persons working in or visiting the United States Capitol andto enhance the educational experience of those who have come to learn about theCapitol building and Congress." The funds were to remain available until expended. The mark up of the House Subcommittee on Legislative did not contain funds for thecenter.

Subsequent to congressional approval of $70 million for the center inNovember 2001, the President released additional funds for construction of the centerin the FY2001 emergency terrorism funds ( P.L. 107-38 ). The construction fundswere contained in $211.1 million released to the Architect of the Capitol. Theamount of funds available for construction was not provided in the release. (40)

The estimated cost of the center is more than $265 million. (41) Congressagreed to an FY1999 emergency supplemental appropriation of $100 million "forplanning, engineering, design, and construction" of a Capitol visitors' center. Thefunding was added in the conference on H.R. 4328 , the FY1999Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act ( P.L.105-277 ).

The conference report on H.R. 4328 stipulated that appropriatedfunds for the project are to be supplemented by private funds, and the clerk of theHouse and the secretary of the Senate were directed by the Capitol PreservationCommission to develop a fund-raising plan. The clerk and secretary presented a planon February 9, 2000, which the commission accepted, to authorize the PewCharitable Trusts to establish a nonprofit 501(c)(3) foundation to seek privatefunds. (42)

As of the end of calendar year 2001, an additional $64.3 million was availablefor the center. This included $26.6 million in Capitol Preservation Commissionfunds; (43) $35 million in private sector donations; (44) and $2.7 million (45) from thesale of a recently approved commemorative coin program marking the 200thanniversary of the convening of Congress in the Capitol. (46)

Congressional leadership broke ground for the center on June 20, 2000. (47) Construction began in early 2002 and is expected to be completed in 2005. (48)

Information Security

Security of LegislativeInformation. Information security has been an element of interestduring consideration of the FY2002 bill. This was especially true during recenthearings by the Senate Subcommittee on Legislative Branch. Chairman Robert F.Bennett expressed his concern with the state of computer security and questioned theheads of legislative branch entities on attempts by hackers to infiltrate theircomputers. Those questioned were officials of the Library of Congress (LOC),Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Government Printing Office (GPO), GeneralAccounting Office (GAO), and Senate. Some officials reported a number ofunsuccessful attempts. The public printer of the Government Printing Office (GPO),for example, responded that over 300,000 attempts were made to infiltrate GPOACCESS within four months, but that no one was able to get beyond the agency'sprotective firewall. A number of legislative entities included funds for securityenhancement in their budget requests. The head of the General Accounting Office(GAO), for example, requested $750,000 to upgrade the agency's computer securityfacility. The LOC requested $686,088 and five FTEs to support its security program.Some legislative branch entities are conducting required technology security trainingfor their employees. The Congressional Research Service (CRS), for example, isrequiring its employees to attend a one-hour training session on ensuring security ofinformation provided to Congress.

In calendar year 2000, the House Committee on Appropriations addressed itsconcern for the security of electronically formatted legislative information in itsreport language on the FY2001 legislative branch appropriations bill. The HouseCommittee directed the clerk of the House, in consultation with the secretary of theSenate, to meet with legislative entities that electronically create or store legislative

information, to prepare information security standards and procedures forthese entities, and to establish a process to routinely evaluate security risks.

The clerk was required to submit proposed standards and procedures to theCommittee on House Administration and the Senate Committee on Rules andAdministration for approval. Upon approval, the clerk's plans were to be submittedto the House and Senate Appropriations Committees.

The Library of Congress (LOC) and the Government Printing Office (GPO) are directed to "work with the clerk and secretary of the Senate to test, develop, andimplement ... systems that will enable them to confirm the authenticity of suchlegislative information." (49)

House and Senate Committee Funding

House Committee Funding. Theconference contained the House-passed $127.5 million for House committees, anincrease of $4.9 million (4.0%) over the FY2001 appropriation of $122.6 million,and an increase of $24,000 (0.01%) over the budget request.

The appropriation for House committees was contained in the appropriationheading "committee employees" that comprises two subheadings. The firstsubheading contained funds for personnel and non-personnel expenses of Housecommittees, except the Appropriations Committee, as authorized by the House in acommittee expense resolution. The funding for this subheading was $104.5 million,an increase of $4.2 million (4.2%) over the FY2001 appropriation of $100.3 million.

The second subheading contained funds for the personnel and non-personnelexpenses of the Committee on Appropriations. The FY2002 mark was $23 million,an increase of $674,000 (3.0%) over the FY2001 appropriation of $22.3 million.

Senate Committee Funding. Appropriations for Senate committees are contained in two separate Senateaccounts. The first account is the Senate "Committee on Appropriations"; the secondis "Inquiries and Investigations," which contains funds for all other Senatecommittees.

The conference contained the Senate-passed appropriation of $9.9 million forthe Senate Committee on Appropriations, a $1.1 million (12.9%) increase over theFY2001 level of $8.8 million, and $107.3 million for inquiries and investigations, anincrease of $24.3 million (29.3%) over the FY2001 appropriation of $83.0 million.

Architect of the Capitol Operations

Architect of the Capitol Appropriation forFY2002. Conferees agreed to $314.3 million, which contained aone-time appropriation of $70 million for the Capitol visitors' center. The FY2002level, excluding Capitol visitors' center funds, represented an increase of 15.9% overthe FY2001 appropriation of $210.8 million.

Total FY2002 funds available to the Architect are $420.6 million, whenadding Capitol visitors' center funds and FY2002 emergency response fundstransferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002 Emergency SupplementalAppropriations for Recovery from and Response to Terrorist Attacks (in Division B,chapter 9).

The Office of the Architect of the Capitol's budget is contained in Title I andII of the legislative branch appropriations bill. Title I contains funds for the Capitolbuildings and grounds, Senate office buildings, House office buildings, and theCapitol power plant. Occasionally, funds for special projects are included in Title I.

For Title I, the House and Senate consider separate requests because theHouse budget request does not include Senate office building funds (which aredetermined by the Senate), and the Senate budget request does not include Houseoffice building funds (determined by the House). Conferees agreed to a Title Iappropriation of $221.3 million, which increased to $327.6 million, when includingemergency response funds transferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Response toTerrorist Attacks (in Division B, chapter 9).

Title II contains funds for the Architect to maintain the buildings and groundsof the Library of Congress (LOC). From time to time, other projects of the Architectare funded in Title II. The conference version of H.R. 2647 contained$93.0 million, including $21.8 million for the Library of Congress buildings andgrounds; $1.3 million for the congressional cemetery; and $70.0 million for theCapitol visitors' center.

Among administrative provisions included by conferees were those:

directing the Architect to designate a position for securitymanagement functions; and

requiring payment of liquidated damages in instances when thecompletion of projects costing more than $50,000 are delayed duecontractors.

The Senate's FY2002 proposal contained $178.2 million for the Architect ofthe Capitol in Titles I and II of the bill, excluding funds for House office buildingsand funds for the Botanic Garden. Title I contained $155.9 million, excluding Houseoffice building funds, and Title II contained $22.3 million, excluding funds for theBotanic Garden. Title II contained $1 million for the Capitol Visitors' Center and$2.5 million for the congressional cemetery. The total FY2002 appropriation was anincrease of $9.1 million (5.4%) over the FY2001 level of $169.1 million. The Senatebill deferred funds for the second phase in the renovation of the Capitol Dome andaddresses management, worker safety, chief financial officer, recycling, parking, andbiobased products issues.

The House bill contained $197.4 million for Titles I and II, excluding fundsfor Senate office buildings and funds for the Botanic Garden, an increase of $50.4million (34.3%) over the FY2001 level of $146.9 million.

The FY2002 budget request for the Office of the Architect of the Capitol inTitle I and Title II combined was $292.8 million (excluding funds for the BotanicGarden), an increase of $82.0 million, or 38.9%, over the FY2001 appropriation of$210.8 million.

The budget request contained $3.5 million for an additional 48 FTE positionsconsidered necessary for the Architect primarily to implement programs required bythe Congressional Accountability Act. Among these positions were five to supportfire safety programs; eight to support environmental and life safety programs; fiveto support an energy savings program; 19 to support preparation and issuance offinancial statements.

Figure 4. Appropriations for theArchitect, FY1995-FY2001

The request also contained $102.6 million for 115 projects that werecontained in the Architect's "capital budget," which primarily funds maintenanceprojects. Seven projects accounted for $67 million, or 65%, of the request. Theywere repair of the Capitol dome ($42.5 million); purchase of property for an off-sitedelivery and screening center for the Capitol police ($6.8 million); construction ofa new Library of Congress audio visual conservation center in Culpepper Virginia($5 million); renovations to the Rayburn office building cafeteria ($3.5 million);design and purchase of land for a vehicle maintenance facility for the Capitol police($3.3 million); modernization of the elevators in House office buildings ($3 million);and preparation of construction drawings for a parking garage adjacent to the Capitolpolice headquarters ($3 million).

Figure 5. Appropriations for theArchitect, FY1995-FY2001

Botanic Garden. Confereesagreed to $5.7 million, lower than both the House figure of $6.0 million, and theSenate figure of $5.8 million. The FY2002 appropriation is a 70.0% increase fromthe FY2001 appropriation of $3.3 million. The increase is due in part to inclusionof $1.5 million for capitol projects, including, among other funds, $200,000 fordesign of the renovation of the administration building, $615,000 for conservatorygalleries design exhibits, banners, and audio tours, and $400,000 for implementationand contractor support for conservatory courtyards.

Support Agency Funding

Congressional Budget OfficeBudget. Conferees agreed to an 8.6% increase in the budget of theCongressional Budget Office (CBO), to $30.8 million in FY2002 from $28.4 millionin FY2001. The Senate version contained $30.7 million for CBO, and the Houseversion, $30.8 million.

An administrative provision contained new legislative authority for a studentloan repayment program for qualified personnel, capped at $40,000 for anyemployee, and limited to no more than $6,000 in a calendar year. CBO's directorrequested this authority in order to "recruit and retain qualified personnel," subjectto the limits required of executive branch agencies. (50) A secondadministrative provision authorized the director to establish regulations for employeetraining.

The FY2002 CBO request was $30.7 million, an increase of $2.3 million, or8.1%, over FY2001. According to the director, 94% of the increase was due to payand related benefits, an increase "largely explained by our need to remain competitivein a tight labor market." (51) The agency's request included funds for fouradditional authorized FTE positions.

General Accounting OfficeBudget. Conferees adopted the House-passed appropriation of$421.8 million for the General Accounting Office (GAO), an increase of 9.9% overlast year's funding of $384.0 million. The Senate FY2002 bill contained $419.8million. Total GAO funding is $429.4 million, when adding FY2002 emergencyresponse funds transferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002 EmergencySupplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Response to Terrorist Attacks(in Division B, chapter 9).

Conferees directed the comptroller general to obligate up to $500,000 for atechnology assessment pilot program, to be determined by the Senate, and to submit a progress report on the program to the Senate by June 15, 2002. A Senate manager'samendment providing $1 million for technology assessment pilot projects wasstricken in conference; the money would have been offset by a reduction inappropriations for the Architect of the Capitol.

GAO's FY2002 budget request was $427.8 million, an increase of $43.8million, or 11.4%, over the FY2001 appropriation. Most of the request was formandatory expenses, including increases in pay and related costs ($17.6 million), andin services ($1.6 million). (52) In addressing the need to recruit and retain staff,the comptroller general requested funds for performance-based recognition andcompensation programs ($1 million), repayments of education loans ($410,000),training ($400,000). He also requested $1.5 million for a mass transit subsidyallowance, required by law. The agency's request contained funds for 120 FTEpositions already authorized but not previously funded. Funding the 120 FTEs meantfull funding of GAO's authorized FTE level of 3,275 in FY2002. The Senate billcontained full funding of the 3,275 FTE level, while the House funded 3,269.

Figure 6. Appropriations for GAO, FY1995-FY2001

Figure 7. Appropriations for GAO,FY1995-FY2001

Library of Congress Budget. Conferees agreed to $452.0 million for the Library of Congress (LOC) instead of$450.1 million approved by the House and $443.2 million approved by the Senate. The conference figure is an 11.7% decrease from the FY2001 appropriation of $511.7million, which contained a one-time supplemental appropriation of $100 million forthe Library's digitalization program. When excluding the digitalization supplemental,the conference figure represents an 11.7% increase over FY2001.

Total FY2002 Library of Congress funding is $481.7 million, when adding FY2002 emergency response funds transferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Response toTerrorist Attacks (in Division B, chapter 9).

The budget of the LOC is contained in both Title I and Title II of thelegislative appropriations bill. Title I contains funds for the Congressional ResearchService (CRS); Title II contains funds for all other activities of the Library ofCongress.

Library of Congress, Except CRS (in TitleII). Conferees agreed to a FY2002 level of $370.6 million,compared with the $368.6 million House figure and the $362.1 million Senate figure. The conference amount is a decrease of 15.5% over the FY2001 appropriation of$438.3 million, which also included a one-time appropriation of $100 million fordigitalization.

Total Title II funding for FY2002 is $400.2 million, when adding FY2002emergency response funds transferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Response toTerrorist Attacks (in Division B, chapter 9).

The Library's FY2002 request was $363.2 million, and included among itsmajor elements funds for mandatory increases in pay and related expenses, andservices ($20 million); an increase for collections access, preservation, and security($11.8 million); and an increase for the Library's digital futures initiatives ($18.8million). An increase of 80 FTE positions was requested for the digital futureinitiative, including 58 for the National Digital Library, 17 for the CongressionalResearch Service (CRS), and five for computer security.

Figure 8. Appropriations for LOC,Excluding CRS, FY1995-FY2001

Figure 9. Appropriations for LOC,Excluding CRS, FY1995-FY2001

Congressional Research Service (in TitleI). Conferees agreed to the House-passed appropriation of $81.5million, an increase of 10.9% over the FY2002 appropriation of $73.4 million; theSenate proposed $81.1 million. Approximately $4.2 million of the increase in theconference is to meet statutory obligations and to adjust for inflation. The remainderof the increase primarily funds technology advancements, including the hiring of fivesenior analysts to provide expertise on technology policy issues, and 12 technicalstaff to enhance technology research and security.

Figure 10. Appropriations for CRS,FY1995-FY2001

Figure 11. Appropriations for CRS,FY1995-FY2001

Government Printing Office (GPO)Budget. Conferees agreed to $110.6 million for GPO operations,including $81.0 million in Title I, and $29.6 million in Title II, a decrease of 3.9%from the FY2001 total of $115.1 million. GPO is funded in Title I for congressionalprinting and binding, and in Title II for the Office of Superintendent of Documents.Title II also contains funding from time to time for the GPO revolving fund, as it didin the FY2002 request, with a request of $6 million for payment to the GPOrevolving fund.

Total FY2002 Government Printing Office funding is $114.6 million, whenadding FY2002 emergency response funds transferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , theFY2002 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Responseto Terrorist Attacks (in Division B, chapter 9).

Conferees on the regular annual bill agreed to administrative language,similar to that included in the Senate bill, extending the agency's authority to offerincentive payments for early retirement and voluntary separation. During testimonyon the FY2002 bill, the public printer requested decreased funds for staffing. Herequested funds for 3,260 FTEs, a decrease of 25 FTEs from the FY2001 authorizednumber of 3,285. To help achieve this reduction, the public printer requestedauthority to offer early-outs and buy-outs to staff. During his Senate testimony onthe FY2002 budget, the public printer noted that most of the reduction was neededin staff handling publication sales due to a decline in sales. (53)

The agency's FY2002 request in both titles of the bill was $126.5 million, anincrease of 27.5%, or $27.3 million, over the FY2001 appropriation of $99.2 million(before a FY2001 supplemental). Most of the increase covered shortfalls in prioryear appropriations, including $9.9 million for FY2000 and $9.5 million for FY2001. According to the public printer, the actual increase in the FY2002 budget forcongressional printing and binding was $200,000, when not counting the fundsrequested to make up for shortfalls. (54)

The FY2002 request for Title I was $90.9 million, an increase of $19.6million, or 25.0%, over the FY2001 appropriation of $71.3 million (before a FY2001supplemental). The Title II request was $35.6 million, an increase of $7.7 million,or 27.6 %, over the FY2001 appropriation of $27.9 million (before a FY2001supplemental).

Figure 12. Appropriations for GPO,FY1995-FY2001

Figure 13. Appropriations for GPO,FY1995-FY2001

Table 2. Legislative Branch Appropriations,FY1995 to FY2001

(budget authority in billions of currentdollars) a

a. These figures represent current dollars, exclude permanent budget authorities, andcontain supplementals and rescissions. Permanent budget authorities are notincluded in the annual legislative branch appropriations bill but, rather, areautomatically funded annually.

b. Includes budget authority contained in the FY1999 regular annual legislativebranch appropriations act ( P.L. 105-275 ), the FY1999 emergencysupplemental appropriation ( P.L. 105-277 ), and the FY1999 supplementalappropriation ( P.L. 106-31 ).

c. Includes budget authority contained in the FY2000 regular annual legislativebranch appropriations act ( P.L. 106-57 ); a supplemental and a 0.38%rescission in P.L. 106-113 ; and supplementals in P.L. 106-246 and P.L.106-554 .

d. This figure contains: (1) FY2001 regular annual appropriations contained in H.R. 5657 , legislative branch appropriations bill; FY2001supplemental appropriations of $118 million and a 0.22% across-the-boardrescission contained in H.R. 5666 , miscellaneous appropriationsbill; and (3) FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $79.5 million containedin H.R. 2216 ( P.L. 107-20 ). H.R. 5657 and H.R. 5666 were incorporated by reference in P.L. 106-554 ,FY2001 Consolidated Appropriations Act. The first FY2001legislativebranch appropriations bill, H.R. 4516 , was vetoed Oct. 30, 2000. The second legislative branch appropriations bill, H.R. 5657 ,was introduced Dec. 14 and incorporated in P.L 106-554. in P.L. 106-554 .

Table 3. Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY2002 (H.R.2647; S. 1172; P.L. 107-68; P.L.107-117)

(in thousands of current dollars)

Sources: FY2002 U.S. Budget , House and Senate Appropriations Committees, and public laws. Thelast column also contains emergency response funds authorized to be transferred pursuant to P.L.107-117 , the FY2002 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Responseto Terrorist Attacks (in Division B, chapter 9).

a. This column contains: (1) FY2001 regular annual appropriations contained in H.R. 5657 , legislative branch appropriations bill; FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $118million and a 0.22% across-the-board rescission contained in H.R. 5666 ,miscellaneous appropriations bill; and (3) FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $79.5million contained in H.R. 2216 ( P.L. 107-20 ). H.R. 5657 and H.R. 5666 were incorporated by reference in P.L. 106-554 , FY2001Consolidated Appropriations Act. The first FY2001legislative branch appropriations bill, H.R. 4516 , was vetoed Oct. 30, 2000. The second legislative branchappropriations bill, H.R. 5657 , was introduced Dec. 14 and incorporated in P.L106-554.

b. These numbers reflect revisions in the request contained in the President's FY2002 U.S. Budget .

c. These figures do not contain appropriations for the Senate. The House does not considerappropriations in Title I for Senate internal activities and Senate activities funded under theArchitect of the Capitol.

d. These figures do not contain appropriations for the House. The Senate does not considerappropriations in Title I for House internal activities and House activities funded under theArchitect of the Capitol.

e. This figure contains not only $18,753,000 for Library buildings and grounds, but also $1,000,000for the Capitol Visitors' Center, and $2,500,000 for the Congressional Cemetery.

Table 4. Senate Items, FY2002 (S. 1172, Incorporatedin H.R. 2647; P.L. 107-68; P.L. 107-117)

(in thousands of current dollars)

Sources: FY2002 U.S. Budget , House and Senate Appropriations Committees and public laws. The lastcolumn also contains emergency response funds authorized to be transferred pursuant to P.L.107-117 , the FY2002 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Recovery from and Responseto Terrorist Attacks (in Division B, chapter 9).

a. There are six Senate appropriations headings; they are indicated in bold print.

b. Office operations of the Office of the Secretary of the Senate are also funded under "Salaries, Officers,and Employees."

c. Activities of the Office of Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper are also funded under "Salaries, Officers,and Employees."

Table 5. House of Representatives Items, FY2002 (H.R.2647; P.L. 107-68; P.L. 107-117)

(in thousands of current dollars)

Source: House Appropriations Committee. The last column also contains emergency response fundsauthorized to be transferred pursuant to P.L. 107-117 , the FY2002 Emergency SupplementalAppropriations for Recovery from and Response to Terrorist Attacks (in Division B, chapter 9).

a. The appropriations bill has two House accounts: (1) payments to widows and heirs of deceasedMembers of Congress and (2) salaries and expenses.

b. This appropriation heading was new in the FY1996 bill. The heading represents a consolidation of (1)the former heading Members' clerk hire; (2) the former heading official mail costs; and (3) theformer subheading official expenses of Members, under the heading allowances and expenses.

c.This appropriation heading was new in the FY1996 bill. The heading represents a consolidation of (1)the former heading committee employees; (2) the former heading standing committees, specialand select; (3) the former heading Committee on Budget (studies); and (4) the former headingCommittee on Appropriations (studies and investigations).

Table 6. Legislative Branch Budget Authority Contained in Appropriations Acts, FY1995-FY2001

(Does not include permanent budget authority; in thousands of currentdollars)

See notes at end of Table 7.

Table 7. Legislative Branch Budget Authority Contained inAppropriations Acts, FY1995-FY2001

(Does not include permanent budget authority; in thousands of constant2001 (est.) dollars)

Sources: Budget authorities for FY1995-FY2001 are from the House Appropriations Committee. FY1995 budget authorities reflect rescissions and a supplemental contained in P.L. 104-19 , 109 Stat.219-221, July 27, 1995, FY1995 Supplemental and Rescissions Act ( H.R. 1944 ). FY1996budget authorities reflect rescissions contained in P.L. 104-208 , 110 Stat. 3009-510-511, Sept. 30, 1996,FY1997 Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act ( H.R. 3610 ). FY1998 budget authoritiesrepresent supplementals contained in P.L. 105-174 , May 1, 1998, and an $11 million transfer to theGovernment Printing Office (GPO) from the GPO revolving fund. FY1999 budget authorities containemergency supplemental appropriations in P.L. 105-277 , and supplemental appropriations in P.L. 106-31 .FY2000 budget authorities contain a supplemental and a 0.38% rescission in P.L. 106-113 . Totals reflectrounding.

FY1999 budget authority contains $223.7 million in emergency supplemental appropriations ( P.L.105-277 ), and $3.8 million for expenses of a House page dormitory and $1.8 million for expensesof life safety renovations to the O'Neill House Office Building ( P.L. 106-31 ). The FY1999appropriation also contains a rescission of $3.5 million, and a supplemental for the same amountin P.L. 106-31 .

Excludes permanent federal funds (in thousands of current dollars): FY1995, $343,000; FY1996,$302,000; FY1997, $325,000; FY1998, $333,000; FY1999, $358,000; and FY2000, $279,000. Sources are the U.S. Budget and the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations.

Excludes permanent trust funds (in current dollars, in thousands): FY1995, $16,000; FY1996, $31,000; FY1997, $29,000; FY1998, $29,999; FY1999, $47,000; and FY2000, $51,000. Sources are the U.S. Budget and the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations.

The formula for conversion to constant dollars is as follows: 2001 Consumer Price Index (CPI) numberdivided by each year's CPI number multiplied by that year's budget authority. Source for1995-2000 index figures is the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Source for 2001 estimate is theCongressional Budget Office.

a. Prior to FY1978, the legislative branch appropriations act contained numerous titles. Effective inFY1978, Congress restructured the legislative bill so that it would "more adequately reflect actualcosts of operating the U.S. Congress than has been true in the past years" (H.Rept. 95-450, FY1978Legislative Appropriations). As a result, the act was divided into two titles. Title I, CongressionalOperations, was established to contain appropriations for the actual operation of Congress. TitleII, Related Agencies, was established to contain the budgets for activities not considered asproviding direct support to Congress. Periodically, the act has contained additional titles for suchpurposes as capital improvements and special one-time functions.

b. FY1996 figures contain rescissions in the Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, FY1997 ( P.L.104-208 , Sept. 28, 1996). Provisions applicable to legislative branch budget authority in P.L.104-208 appear in Congressional Record , daily edition, vol. 142, Sept. 28, 1996, pp.H11778-H11779.

c. Includesbudget authority contained in the FY1999 regular annual Legislative Branch AppropriationsAct ( P.L. 105-275 ), $223.7 million in FY1999 emergency supplemental appropriations in P.L.105-277 , and $5.6 million in FY1999 supplemental appropriations in P.L. 106-31 .

d. Includes $5.5 million in emergency supplementals under the sergeant at arms for completion ofYear-2000 computer conversion ( P.L. 105-277 ).

e. Includes $6.373 million in emergency supplementals under the chief administrative officer forcompletion of Year--2000 computer conversion ( P.L. 105-277 ), and includes a rescission of $3.5million from the House heading "salaries, officers, and employees" and a supplementalappropriation of $3.5 million for the chief administrative officer for replacement of the Housepayroll system ( P.L. 106-31 ).

f. Includes $106,782,000 for emergency security enhancements funded under the Capitol Police Board'sgeneral expenses account ( P.L. 105-277 ). The total Joint Items figure also includes $2 million forthe Trade Deficit Review Commission.

g. This figure includes $100 million for design and construction of a Capitol visitors' center, funded underthe Architect of the Capitol's Capitol buildings account, in "salaries and expenses" ( P.L.105-277 ), and includes $3.8 million for expenses of a House page dormitory and $1.8 million forexpenses for life safety renovations to the O'Neill House Office Building ( P.L. 106-31 ).

h. Includes $1 million for the Congressional Cemetery.

i. Includes $5 million in emergency supplemental appropriations under the salaries and expenses accountof the General Accounting Office for completion of the Year-2000 computer conversion ( P.L.105-277 ).

j. Includes regular annual appropriations ( P.L. 106-57 ) and a 0.38% rescission and supplemental in P.L.106-113 .

k. This column contains: (1) FY2001 regular annual appropriations contained in H.R. 5657 ,legislative branch appropriations bill; FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $118 million and a 0.22%across-the-board rescission contained in H.R. 5666 , miscellaneous appropriations bill; and(3) FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $79.5 million contained in H.R. 2216 ( P.L.107-20 ). H.R. 5657 and H.R. 5666 were incorporated by reference in P.L.106-554 , FY2001 Consolidated Appropriations Act. The first FY2001legislative branch appropriationsbill, H.R. 4516 , was vetoed Oct. 30, 2000.

For Additional Reading

CRS Reports

CRS Report RL30212 . Legislative Branch Appropriations for FY2001 , by PaulDwyer.

CRS Report 98-212 . Legislative Branch Appropriations for FY2000 , by Paul Dwyer.

Selected World Wide Web Sites

These sites contain information on the FY2001 legislative branch appropriationsrequest and legislation, and the appropriations process.

House Committee on Appropriations http://www.house.gov/appropriations

Senate Committee on Appropriations http://www.senate.gov/~appropriations/

CRS Appropriations Products Guide http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml

Congressional Budget Office http://www.cbo.gov

General Accounting Office http://www.gao.gov

Office of Management & Budget http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/