[INSTRUCTIONS]

You are a program-analysis assistant. Your task is to statically analyze the control dependence of a given code snippet. 

## 1. Control Dependence Definition
  Control dependence captures the influence of control-flow decisions on the execution of statements.

  A statement `S2` is control-dependent on `S1` if there is a **transitive** (indirect) chain of **direct** control dependencies from `S1` to `S2`. This is equivalent to saying that `S1` has control dependence over `S2`, meaning `S1`’s condition influences whether `S2` executes.


  **Direct Control Dependence**:
  A statement `S2` is **directly** control-dependent on a statement `S1` if:
  
  1.	`S1` is a conditional control statement (e.g., an `if`, `while`, `for`, `switch`, etc.).
  
  2.	`S1` directly determines whether `S2` executes. That is, `S1` has multiple successor branches, 

  - there exists **at least one branch** in which `S2` **always executes**, and
  - there exists **at least one other branch** in which `S2` does **not necessarily execute**.

    “Not necessarily execute” means that `S2` might execute or might not, but it is **not guaranteed** to execute in that branch.

  `S2` is **control-dependent** on `S1` if there exists a **transitive chain** of control dependencies from `S1` to `S2`, where each intermediate step in the chain represents a **direct** control dependence between two statements.



## 2. Output Format
When asked, “Does line `S1` have control dependence over line `S2`? If so, provide a trace.” You should respond in JSON format as follows:

- If there is a control dependence:

```json
{
  "ControlDependence": true,
  "Trace": [S1, ..., S2]
}
```

- If there is no control dependence:
```json
{
  "ControlDependence": false
}
```

A **trace** represents a **transitive control flow**, where each adjacent pair in the list reflects a **direct** control dependence. The trace must starts with `S1` and ends with `S2`.


    

## 3. Interprocedural Control Dependence
  All dependence analysis is performed within **a single function**. We do not track dependencies across function boundaries. The analysis only applies to variables and control structures inside the **specified function**.


## 4. Example Code Snippet

### Example 1

```python
1  if x > 0:
2      y = 10       # this line is directly control-dependent on line 1 (x>0)
3      if y > 5:
4          z = 20   # this line is directly control-dependent on line 3 (y>5)
5          w = 30   # this line is directly control-dependent on line 3 (y>5)
6  v = 40           # this line is NOT control-dependent on any line
```


**Analysis**:
- Line 2 is directly control-dependent on line 1 (`x>0`)
- Lines 4 and 5 are directly control-dependent on line 3 (`y>5`).
- Lines 4 and 5 are **indirectly** control-dependent on line 1 (`x>0`) becasue even if line 1 (`x>0`) is `true`, lines 4 and 5 may not execute if line 3’s condition (`y>5`) is `false`. However, since control dependence is transitive, lines 4 and 5 are **indirectly** control-dependent on line 1. 
- Line 6 is not control-dependent on any lines because Line 6 always executes, regardless of whether line 1 (`x>0`) or line 3 (`y>5`) is true or false.



#### Example Question 1.1: 
Does line `1` have control dependence over line `5`? If so, provide a trace.

**Output**: 
```json
{
  "ControlDependence": true,
  "Trace": [1, 3, 5]
}
```

#### Example Question 1.2:
Does line `3` have control dependence over line `6`? If so, provide a trace.

**Output**: 
```json
{
  "ControlDependence": false
}
```


### Example 2

```python
1  count = 0
2  if count < 5:
3      count += 1
4  print("Step 1 done")
5  while count < 10:
6      if count == 7:
7          break
8      if count % 2 == 0:
9          continue
10     count += 2
11     if count > 9:
12         count = 9
13     print("Iteration done")
14 print("End of program")
```

#### Example Question 2.1: 
Does line `5` have control dependence over line `13`? If so, provide a trace.

**Analysis**:
  - Line 13 is directly control-dependent on line 8 because if line 8 evaluates to `true`, continue skips line 13 for that iteration.
  - Line 8 is directly control-dependent on line 6 because if line 6 evaluates to `true`, the break statement terminates the loop, preventing line 8 from executing.
  - Line 6 is directly control-dependent on line 5 because the loop condition at line 5 determines whether line 6 executes. If line 5 evaluates to `false`, execution skips the loop entirely.


Since control dependence is transitive, line 5 indirectly controls line 13 through lines 6 and 8. The trace is `5->6->8->13`.

**Output**:
```json
{
  "ControlDependence": true,
  "Trace": [5, 6, 8, 13]
}
```

#### Example Question 2.2: 
Does line `8` have control dependence over line `10`? If so, provide a trace.


**Analysis**: Similar to the explanation above, line 8 is an `if` condition inside the `while` loop with a `continue`, so it can make the execution skip the rest of the loop entirely, including line 10. Therefore, line 10 directly control-dependent on 8.



**Output**:
```json
{
  "ControlDependence": true,
  "Trace": [8, 10]
}
```

#### Example Question 2.3: 
Does line `5` have control dependence over line `14`? If so, provide a trace.

**Analysis**: Line 5 doesn't affect whether line 14 is reached. Line 14 is outside the while loop (lines 5 -- 13) and will be executed regardless of the condition. 

**Output**:
```json
{
  "ControlDependence": false
}
```


#### Example Question 2.4: 
Does line `2` have control dependence over line `12`? If so, provide a trace.

**Analysis**: Line 2 doesn't affect whether line 12 is reached. The condition in line 2 only controls whether line 3 is executed. Line 12 is in while loop (line 5 -- 13) and will or will not be executed regardless of the condition in line 2. 

**Output**:
```json
{
  "ControlDependence": false
}
```

---

[YOUR TURN]

Below is **your target snippet**. 

```C
1   #include <stdio.h>
2   #include <stdlib.h>
3   #include <string.h>
4   #include <limits.h>
5   #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
6   #define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
7   void calc()
8   {
9     int M, S = 0, R = 0;
10    scanf("%d", &M);
11    int* r1 = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int) * M);
12    int* r2 = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int) * M);
13    for (int i = 0; i < M; i++)
14    {
15      scanf("%d %d", &r1[i], &r2[i]);
16      r1[i]--;
17      r2[i]--;
18    }
19    long long* G = (long long*) malloc(sizeof(long long) * M);
20    long long* f = (long long*) malloc(sizeof(long long) * M);
21    for (int i = 0; i < M; i++)
22    {
23      scanf("%lld", &G[i]);
24      f[i] = 0;
25      S += G[i];
26    }
27    f[0] = 1;
28    int g, s = 1;
29    while (s <= S)
30    {
31      int n = INT_MAX;
32      for (int j = 0; j < M; j++)
33        if (f[j] > 0)
34        {
35          n = MIN(n, G[j] / f[j]);
36          g = j;
37        };
38      if (n > 0)
39      {
40        R += n;
41        for (int j = 0; j < M; j++)
42          if (f[j] > 0)
43          {
44            G[j] -= f[j] * n;
45            S -= f[j] * n;
46          }
47      }
48      G[r1[g]] += G[g];
49      G[r2[g]] += G[g];
50      long long a = f[g];
51      s += a;
52      if (s > S)
53      {
54        free(f);
55        free(G);
56        free(r2);
57        free(r1);
58        printf("%d\n", R);
59        return;
60      }
61      f[g] = 0;
62      f[r1[g]] += a;
63      f[r2[g]] += a;
64    }
65    free(f);
66    free(G);
67    free(r2);
68    free(r1);
69    printf("%d\n", R);
70  }
71  int main(void)
72  {
73    int T;
74    scanf("%d", &T);
75    for (int t = 1; t <= T; t++)
76    {
77      printf("Case #%d: ", t);
78      calc();
79    }
80    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
81  }
```


**Question**: Does line `38` have control dependence over line `44` in function `calc`? If so, provide a trace.

**Output**:


Ground truth answer: yes