louisbrulenaudet/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Clinical trial NCT03216993: An Early Enteral Nutrition Protocol in Shanghai
Official title: The Shanghai Protocol for Early Enteral Nutrition in Mechanical Ventilated Patients
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Critical Illness
Enteral Feeding Intolerance
Keywords: feeding protocol
Lead sponsor: Ruijin Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-07-13
Enrollment: 400
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: compare different enteral nutrition strategy in patients with mechanical ventilation

Detailed description: There has been many evidence that deficiency in energy and protein take-in are associated with poor outcome in critical patients. To reach an adequate amount of energy and protein is critical in patients with respiratory failure and with mechanical ventilation, as it prevents muscle dystrophy and thus prevents ICU acquired weakness, leading to a better outcome in the end. Enteral Nutrition is preferred as it prevents gut dysfunction in respiratory failure patients, and may prevent further infection. But there are many challenge in implement a good enteral nutrition therapy, and energy or protein deficiency is common in patient with respiratory failure. There have been many protocols aiming at reaching enough enteral nutrition for ICU patients, most of which are based on a background of western and developed countries. The investigators developped a enteral nutrition protocol based on an unique cultural background of eastern developing country, trying to help the ICU patients reaching nutrition target, so that the patients may have better outcome.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* ICU patients
* Receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) both Non-invasive ventilation and invasive ventilation
* Expecting MV more than 72 hours

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnancy
* ICU stay \< 72hr

Primary outcomes:
measure: energy target fulfilling rate
timeFrame: 7 days from enrollment
measure: protein target fulfilling rate
timeFrame: 7 days from enrollment
Secondary outcomes:
measure: mortality
timeFrame: 28 days from enrollment
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Shanghai
country: China
facility: Ruijin
state: Shanghai
Study officials:
affiliation: Ruijin Hospital
name: Zhen Er Chen, Doctor
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
Clinical trial NCT03206593: Serum Lipids and Glucose Levels in Relation to CVD Outcomes in Patients With Ischemic Heart Failure
Official title: Fasting Serum Lipids and Glucose Levels in Relation to CVD Outcomes in Patients With Ischemic Heart Failure
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Conditions: Ischemic Heart Failure
Lipids
Fasting Plasma Glucose
Cardiovascular Outcomes
All-cause Mortality
Lead sponsor: Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-07-02
Enrollment: 2000
Sex: ALL
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Participants who are diagnosed as coronary artery disease by coronary angiography and also have left ventricular ejection fraction \< 45% enroll if qualified to our inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria and informed consent will be provided.

Brief summary: Current prospective cohort study is to evaluate the association between fasting lipid profiles (including total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein(a)) and fasting plasma glucose at admission with cardiovascular disease outcomes (including fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal and non-fatal ischemic stroke, re-hospitalization due to heart failure, revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting, or cardiovascular mortality) and all-cause mortality.in patients with ischemic heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction \< 45 % evaluated by echocardiography during 12 months follow-up.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria: 1.Diagnosed as coronary artery disease by coronary angiography; 2. Left ventricular ejection fraction \< 45% evaluated by echocardiography during index hospitalization.

-

Exclusion Criteria: Coexistent malignant diseases; stage 3 or more of chronic kidney disease; liver dysfunction with ALT or AST higher than 3 times of normal limit range; do not want to participant in current study

-

Primary outcomes:
measure: Cardiovascular diseases outcomes
timeFrame: 12 months after discharge from index hospitalization
Secondary outcomes:
measure: All-cause mortality
timeFrame: 12 months after discharge from index hospitalization
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Guangzhou
country: China
facility: Guangdong General Hospital
state: Guangdong
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT00393393: Effectiveness Study of Hylan G-F 20 to Preserve Cartilage in Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Official title: A Single-Blind Prospective Parallel Control Group Pilot Study to Assess the Effect of Hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc) Supplementation on Cartilage Preservation in Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: PHASE4
Conditions: Osteoarthritis
Keywords: osteoarthritis
knee
hylan
Lead sponsor: Cabrini Medical Centre
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Genzyme, a Sanofi Company
First posted: 2006-10-27
Enrollment: 80
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: That Hylan G-F 20 may act to protect cartilage from the expected degree of degradation over a 12 month period in subjects with moderate to marked osteoarthritis of the knee

Detailed description: Two courses of Hylan G-F 20 ( Synvisc) administered by intra-articular injection at 6 monthly intervals. MRI examinations of the knee for estimation of cartilage volume prior to treatment, before second course and at 12 months in 40 subjects with Grade 2/3 osteoarthritis of knee . A further 40 subjects with similar degree of osteoarthritis of knee who do not receive Hylan G-F therapy will be assessed by MRI in identical manner.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* grade 2 or 3 osteoarthritis knee age 18 - 80 pain score VAS \>39 mm on 100mm scale

Exclusion Criteria:

* surgery in prior 12 months significant valgus deformity recent trauma use of opioid analgesia unstable medical condition recent corticosteroid injection morbid obesity

Primary outcomes:
measure: Cartilage volume as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Malvern
country: Australia
facility: Emeritus Research
state: Victoria
Study officials:
affiliation: Cabrini Medical Centre
name: stephen hall, MBBS, FRACP
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Wang Y, Hall S, Hanna F, Wluka AE, Grant G, Marks P, Feletar M, Cicuttini FM. Effects of Hylan G-F 20 supplementation on cartilage preservation detected by magnetic resonance imaging in osteoarthritis of the knee: a two-year single-blind clinical trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Aug 24;12:195. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-195.
Clinical trial NCT05334693: Expanded Haploidentical Natural Killer Cells as Consolidation Strategy for Children/Young Adults With AML
Official title: Immunotherapy With ex Vivo Expanded Haploidentical Natural Killer Cells as Consolidation Strategy for Children/Young Adults With AML
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Keywords: Natural killer cells
Immunotherapy
Lead sponsor: Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2022-04-19
Enrollment: 15
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 6
Maximum age (years): 21
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to estimate the efficacy of immunotherapy with ex vivo expanded haploidentical NK cells as consolidation therapy for children/young adults with intermediate risk AML.

Detailed description: Immunotherapy with NK cells may improve the treatment results in AML. For better efficiency high cell doses or several infusions of NK cells are required. For this purpose, donor NK cells are expanded in the presence of feeder K562-mbIL21-41BBL cell line. The cycle of immunotherapy includes chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, fludarabine) followed by two doses of NK cells infusion.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

Patients:

* primary intermediate risk AML in molecular complete remission;
* primary high risk AML in molecular complete remission awaiting unrelated HSCT;
* Karnofsky or Lansky performance scale greater or equal to 70;
* written informed consent.

Donors:

* haploidentical family donor;
* donor suitable for cell donation and apheresis according to standard criteria;
* written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients:

* uncontrolled infection;
* severe hepatic dysfunction: SGOT or SCPT \>=5x upper limit of normal for age;
* positive serology for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Donors:

* pregnancy;
* positive serology for HIV, hepatitis B or C.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Relapse-free survival (RFS)
timeFrame: 2 years
measure: Overall survival (OS)
timeFrame: 2 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Persistence of donor NK cells
timeFrame: 21 days after the first infusion
measure: Number of T, B, NK, activated T and NK cells after immunotherapy
timeFrame: 28 days after the first infusion
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Minsk
country: Belarus
facility: Belarussian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology
state: Minsk Region
Study officials:
affiliation: Belarussian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology
name: Olga Aleinikova, MD, Prof
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT05729893: Evaluation of Post Operative Pain After Using Two Different Types of Sealers
Official title: Evaluation of Post Operative Pain After Using Two Different Types of Sealers (a Randomized Clinical Trial )
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Post Operative Pain
Lead sponsor: British University In Egypt
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-02-15
Enrollment: 40
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 50
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: randomized clinical trial
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: conventional endodontic treatment is done using two different types of sealers in the obturation to evaluate the post operative pain between the two sealers

Detailed description: STUDY WILL BE PERFORMED ON PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH SYMPTOMATIC IRREVERSABE PULPITIS.

TREATMENT PROTOCOL FOR ALL PATIENTS IS CONVENTIONAL ROOT CANAL TREATMENT

ACCESS CAVITY AND CLEANING AND SHAPING PROCEDURES WILL BE EXECUTED FOR ALL PATIENTS WITH THE SAME PROTOCOL

SELECTED PATIENTS WILL THEN BE DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS,

GROUP1: ALL CANALS WILL BE OBTURATED USING RESIN STANDARD SEALERS.

GROUP2: ALL CANALS WILL BE OBTURATED USING HIGH FLOW BIOCERAMIC SEALERS THAT ACCEPT WARM VERTICAL COMPACTION

POST OPERATIVE PAIN IN THE TWO GROUPS WILL BE EVALUATED USING THE VISUAL ANALOUG SCALE AND COMPARED AT DIFFERENT TIME PERIODS (12H, 24H, 48H, 72H)

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* • Patients age ranges from 18-50 years old.

  * Patients with teeth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
  * Normal periapical condition confirmed by normal periapical radiograph or that with minimal widening of the PDL space
  * The teeth are restorable
  * Teeth are periodontally free.

Exclusion Criteria:

* • Teeth with immature roots

  * Non restorable teeth
  * Medically compromised patients with systemic complication that would alter the treatment.
  * Necrotic teeth
  * Teeth with apical periodontitis or periapical lesions
  * Teeth that need multiple visits treatment

Primary outcomes:
measure: Pain level comparison after root canal obturation with two different endodontic sealers: VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) at 12 hours
timeFrame: 12 hours
measure: Pain level comparison after root canal obturation with two different endodontic sealers: VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) at 24 hours
timeFrame: 24 hours
measure: Pain level comparison after root canal obturation with two different endodontic sealers: VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) at 48 hours
timeFrame: 48 hours
measure: Pain level comparison after root canal obturation with two different endodontic sealers: VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) at 72 hours
timeFrame: 72 hours
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Cairo
country: Egypt
facility: British university in egypt
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT06581393: First Evaluation of the Moda-Flx Hemodialysis System™ in Real World Clinical Settings
Official title: First Evaluation of the Moda-Flx Hemodialysis System™ in Real World Clinical Settings
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: End Stage Renal Disease
End Stage Renal Disease on Dialysis
End Stage Kidney Disease
Lead sponsor: Diality Inc.
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2024-09-03
Enrollment: 8
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This is a non-significant risk study utilizing a device cleared for use by the FDA under its 510(k) clearance. Consented patients will complete their usual dialysis treatment under professional care in an ICHD (In-Center Hemodialysis) setting.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Have a diagnosis of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) adequately treated by maintenance dialysis (defined as achieving a spKt/V ≥ 1.2 OR stdKt/V ≥ 2.1) and be deemed stable by their treating nephrologist prior to consent.
* Must sign the informed consent and a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) compliant authorization statement.
* Understand the nature of the procedures and the requirements of the Study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have a significant cognitive impairment that would preclude informed consent or the capacity for completing dialysis as prescribed by their treating nephrologist.
* In the opinion of the treating nephrologist, any other reason in which study participation would result in undue risk, including but not limited to protocol required prescription parameters.
* Are contraindicated for or not indicated to use the Moda-flx Hemodialysis System™ according to the Instructions For Use (IFU).

Primary outcomes:
measure: Single-Pool Standardized Dialysis Adequacy
timeFrame: Samples will be collected before and after each dialysis treatment at Visit 1, Visit 2, Visit 3 and at Visit 4 over a two week period
measure: Changes in Blood Chemistry
timeFrame: Samples will be collected at Visit 1 prior to initiating the first dialysis treatment, Visit 2, Visit 3 and at the conclusion of Visit 4 over a two week period
measure: Changes in Complete Blood Count
timeFrame: Samples will be collected at Visit 1 prior to initiating the first dialysis treatment, Visit 2, Visit 3 and at the conclusion of Visit 4 over a two week period
measure: Changes in Iron Studies
timeFrame: Samples will be collected at Visit 1 prior to initiating the first dialysis treatment, Visit 2, Visit 3 and at the conclusion of Visit 4 over a two week period
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Ontario
country: United States
facility: North America Research Institute
state: California
Study officials:
affiliation: Diality Inc.
name: Osman Khawar, MD
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT05975593: MicroEnvironment Tumor Effects of Radiotherapy - Comprehensive Radiobiology Assessment TRial
Official title: MicroEnvironment Tumor Effects of Radiotherapy - Comprehensive Radiobiology Assessment TRial (METEOR-CRATR)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Locally Advanced Cervical Carcinoma
Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Locally Advanced Pancreas Cancer
Locally Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma
Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Cervical Cancer
Pancreas Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Cancer of the Cervix
Cancer of the Pancreas
Keywords: Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Cervical cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Biospecimen
Lead sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
First posted: 2023-08-04
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: 30 cervical cancer patients and 30 pancreatic cancer patients
Primary purpose: DIAGNOSTIC

Brief summary: This study is a dynamically adjustable prospective longitudinal study designed to capture biospecimen (biopsy, blood, surgical) and multimodal treatment-related data (imaging, dosimetry, clinical) before, during, and after treatment with definitive-intent chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced cervical and pancreatic cancer.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Confirmation of intent to receive radiotherapy for one of the following diagnoses:

  * Cervical cancer
  * Pancreatic cancer
* ECOG performance status ≤ 2
* At least 18 years old
* Able to understand and willing to sign an IRB-approved written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any issue (medical, anatomic, other) that might preclude safe acquisition of biospecimens at the discretion of the treating physician

Primary outcomes:
measure: Changes in tumor microenvironment
timeFrame: From start of follow-up through completion of follow-up (estimated to be 5 years)
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Saint Louis
country: United States
facility: Washington University School of Medicine
state: Missouri
Study officials:
affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
name: Cliff Robinson, M.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT00592293: Proton Radiation for the Treatment of Pediatric Bone and Non-Rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Official title: Proton Radiation for the Treatment of Pediatric Bone and Non-Rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Non-rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Bone Sarcoma
Keywords: proton beam radiation
Lead sponsor: Massachusetts General Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Brigham and Women's Hospital
name: Boston Children's Hospital
name: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
name: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
First posted: 2008-01-14
Enrollment: 70
Sex: ALL
Maximum age (years): 30
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The main purpose of this study is to assess the short term and the long term side effects of proton beam radiation for pediatric bone and non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas.

Detailed description: * Participants will receive radiation treatments once per day, 5 days a week for a total of 4 to 6 weeks, depending on how much total dose the tumor requires. The radiation doctor will see the participant once each week to monitor and record any side effects they may have from radiation treatment.
* A special device will be made for each participant to help them hold still during the treatment. This may either be a mask or foam cradle, depending on the area to be treated.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Biopsy proven NRSTS or bone sarcoma
* Less than or equal to 30 years of age
* Patients must have been treated with a standardly accepted chemotherapy regimen if chemotherapy is indicated
* Patients must be willing to receive follow-up care for a minimum of five years after treatment at MGH and annual visits unless it is too difficult to return to MGH for follow-up care. In that event, the patient or guardian must be willing to have their outside medical information released in order to track the results of treatment
* They or their legal guardian must give their informed consent
* Timing of radiation may be according to concurrent protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

* Co-morbidities that would make the use of radiation too toxic to deliver safely, such as serious local injury of collagen vascular disease
* Patients who are pregnant
* Previous treatment with radiation therapy
* Concurrent adriamycin or gemcitabine chemotherapy is planned, unless on a concurrent protocol

Primary outcomes:
measure: Acute and late toxicities
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Local Control
timeFrame: 5 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Dosimetric Comparison
timeFrame: 5 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Massachusetts General Hospital
state: Massachusetts
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
state: Massachusetts
Study officials:
affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital
name: Torunn Yock, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT01582893: Permeability Enhancement to Reduce Chronic Inflammation
Official title: Permeability Enhancement to Reduce Chronic Inflammation
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: End Stage Renal Disease
Inflammation
Keywords: inflammation
dialysis
Lead sponsor: Vantive Health LLC
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
Collaborators: name: Gambro Dialysatoren GmbH
name: Baxter Healthcare Corporation
First posted: 2012-04-23
Enrollment: 50
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 99
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Chronic dialysis patients with end stage renal disease have an increased mortality rate as compared to the age matched healthy population. It is known that chronic inflammation contributes to the high incidence of cardiovascular events in chronic dialysis patients. Dialyzers made by membranes with increased pore size (high cut-off Dialyzer HCO1100) may be beneficial in the elimination of inflammatory mediators and may improve the inflammatory status. Hypothesis: In this study it will be investigated whether the treatment with HCO1100 will improve the inflammatory status of chronic dialysis patients.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Dialysis treatment for ≥ 3 months
* Dialysis 3x weekly
* Vascular access by fistula or CVC providing QB of ≥ 250 ml/min
* Dialysis with high-flux dialyzer for a minimum of 2 weeks before begin of study
* CRP \> 5mg/L at least once within 12 weeks before inclusion
* Age \> 18 and \< 99 Years
* Ability to give written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Missing informed consent form
* Clinically manifested infection or current CRP-value \> 50mg/L
* Serum albumin \< 35g/L
* Intake of immune suppressive medication
* Pregnancy or lactation
* Participation in a different study

Primary outcomes:
measure: change of CD162 expression on monocytes
timeFrame: 8 weeks (3 weeks treatment phase, 2 weeks wash out phase, 3 weeks treatment phase)
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Albumin blood level
timeFrame: 8 weeks (3 weeks treatment phase, 2 weeks wash out phase, 3 weeks treatment phase)
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Halle (Saale)
country: Germany
facility: KfH Bachstzelzenweg 4
state: Sachsen-Anhalt
city: Berlin
country: Germany
facility: KfH-Bismarkstrasse 95-96
Study officials:
affiliation: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
name: Matthias Girndt, MD
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
affiliation: Charité, Humboldt Universität Berlin
name: Ralf Schindler, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: