Clinical trial NCT05210933: Study of Minimally-invasive Ablative Renal Therapies (SMART) Registry
Official title: Study of Minimally-invasive Ablative Renal Therapies (SMART) Registry
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: SUSPENDED
Conditions: Renal Cancer
Keywords: renal cancer
cryoablation
small renal mass
Lead sponsor: University of Alberta
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2022-01-27
Enrollment: 750
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Adult Albertans with a diagnosis of kidney cancer

Brief summary: Multi-center prospective cohort study examining curative intent renal cryotherapy and radiofrequency ablation for small renal mass treatment in patients who are poor candidates for surgical resection, We will capture clinical, radiological, and pathological data as well as resource utilization (ex: time in hospital, ER visits), complications, and long-term functional and oncological outcomes. The investigators will also be biobanking blood and urine samples from participants for biological studies in the lab.

Detailed description: Currently the standard-of-care for non-operative renal masses which require treatment is curative ablative therapy. Curative ablative therapies include radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryotherapy. A significant number of patients (approximately 40-50%) can only be treated with cryotherapy rather than RFA because of the target lesions close proximity to the collecting system, ureter, solid organs or hollow viscera. Cryotherapy allows for size control of the ablation zone with CT surveillance to avoid iatrogenic injury to these vital structures. On the other hand RFA does not allow for the same ability to control the size of ablation and, unfortunately due to the thermal energy, can result in injury to these structure precluding the use of RFA as a curative therapy for these patients.

Cryoablation of small renal masses provides equivalent intermediate-term cancer control compared to partial nephrectomy. Three-year local recurrence-free survival is 98% for both cryoablation and partial nephrectomy. Similarly metastasis-free survival three years after treatment is 100% for cryoablation and 99% for partial nephrectomy. Curative renal mass ablations provide the added benefit of being outpatient procedures which do not routinely require more than a 4 hour post-procedural recovery and over-the-counter post-procedural analgesic.

Research Question and Objectives:

The objective is to to provide cryotherapy and RFA as curative treatment options for small renal mass treatment in patients who are poor candidates for surgical resection or for those who are not surgical candidates due to co-morbidities. The investigators aim to establish a database that prospectively captures clinical, radiological, and pathological data as well as resource utilization (ex: time in hospital, ER visits), complications, and long-term functional and oncological outcomes. The study will also be biobanking blood and urine samples from participants for biological studies in the lab.

Methods:

Program Design Ablation to be performed percutaneously under CT/ultrasound guidance at the Royal Alexandra Hospital in Edmonton or the Rocky View Health Centre in Calgary, by a team of Interventional Radiologists and Urologists. A CT technologist, Ultrasound technologist and an Interventional Radiologist/Urologist are required for each procedure.

Each patient must have cross sectional imaging (CT or MRI) to confirm that they are a candidate to be treated with curative ablative therapy and to plan the procedure.

Pre-procedural consults by both the Urologist and IR performing the procedure. Patients to be assessed in the diagnostic imaging recovery room (DIRR) prior to the procedure and post-procedure to return to the DIRR or OR recovery room. Procedure to be performed with anesthesia support for deep sedation. Post treatment follow-up will be in accordance with the Canadian Urological Associations published guidelines

Blood and urine samples will be collected at baseline (i.e. study entry), yearly during follow-up for 5 years, and when changes occur in cancer status, for example after radical kidney therapy (surgical removal) or after disease progression (new metastases) during the study's potential observation period.

In addition to the samples, an intake survey must be completed at baseline and ongoing questionnaires completed by participant once a year for five years and when new cancer problems arise until up to five years.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults with prior kidney tumor diagnosis;
* Willing to permit provincial agencies (e.g Alberta Health Services, Alberta Health, Netcare, Service Alberta) to disclose health-related information to study;
* Canadian and Albertan residents;
* Signed informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unwilling to participate in the study;
* Unavailable for standard clinical urological care or follow-up in Alberta

Primary outcomes:
measure: kidney cancer disease-specific survival
timeFrame: 5 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Overall survival
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Glomerular Filtration Rate GFR (mL/min/1.73m2)
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Serum Creatinine (umol/L)
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Progression-free survival
timeFrame: 5 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Calgary
country: Canada
facility: University of Calgary
state: Alberta
city: Edmonton
country: Canada
facility: University of Alberta
state: Alberta
Study officials:
References:
citation: Kassouf W, Monteiro LL, Drachenberg DE, Fairey AS, Finelli A, Kapoor A, Lattouf JB, Leveridge MJ, Power NE, Pouliot F, Rendon RA, Sabbagh R, So AI, Tanguay S, Breau RH. Canadian Urological Association guideline for followup of patients after treatment of non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Can Urol Assoc J. 2018 Aug;12(8):231-238. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.5462. Epub 2018 May 31. No abstract available.
citation: Thompson RH, Atwell T, Schmit G, Lohse CM, Kurup AN, Weisbrod A, Psutka SP, Stewart SB, Callstrom MR, Cheville JC, Boorjian SA, Leibovich BC. Comparison of partial nephrectomy and percutaneous ablation for cT1 renal masses. Eur Urol. 2015 Feb;67(2):252-9. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.07.021. Epub 2014 Aug 6.