Clinical trial NCT02706405: JCAR014 and Durvalumab in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Official title: A Phase 1b Study of JCAR014, Autologous T Cells Engineered to Express a CD19-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor, in Combination With Durvalumab (MEDI4736) for Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: TERMINATED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified
Recurrent Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Recurrent Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Refractory High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma With MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 Rearrangements
Refractory Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Keywords: PD-L1
immunotherapy
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Lead sponsor: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: AstraZeneca
name: Juno Therapeutics, Inc., a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
name: MedImmune LLC
name: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
First posted: 2016-03-11
Enrollment: 30
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This phase Ib trial studies whether anti-CD19-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells (JCAR014) and durvalumab are safe in combination and can work together in treating patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma that has returned after a period of improvement (relapsed) or has not responded to previous treatment (refractory). JCAR014 is made of each patient's immune cells (T cells) that have a new gene added to them in a laboratory, which programs them to kill lymphoma cells. Durvalumab is a type of drug called a monoclonal antibody, targeted to PD-L1 that may help immune cells attack cancer cells more effectively and thus help JCAR014 work better.

Detailed description: PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate the safety of JCAR014 in combination with durvalumab in adult patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

II. To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of durvalumab in combination with JCAR014.

III. To characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of JCAR014.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess the antitumor activity of JCAR014 in combination with durvalumab in R/R B-cell NHL.

II. To estimate the duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in patients treated with JCAR014 in combination with durvalumab.

III. To characterize the PK profile of durvalumab. IV. To assess the immunogenicity of JCAR014 and durvalumab.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVE:

I. To assess the pharmacodynamic effects of JCAR014 and durvalumab in blood and within the tumor.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of durvalumab administered with a single fixed dose of JCAR014. Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 treatment arms, listed as Groups 1 and 2 below.

LYMPHODEPLETING CHEMOTHERAPY: All patients receive cyclophosphamide and fludarabine intravenously (IV) for 3 days starting approximately on day -5 or day -4.

GROUP I: Patients receive JCAR014 IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0 and durvalumab IV over 60 minutes on day 21 (may occur as early as day 7) and then every 4 weeks for up to 10 doses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

GROUP II: Patients receive durvalumab IV over 60 minutes on day -1, JCAR014 IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0, then up to 10 additional doses of durvalumab every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 30 days for 30 months, every 3 months for 12 months, then periodically for at least 15 years.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR SCREENING:

* Relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified (NOS); high grade B cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements; primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL); or DLBCL transformed from indolent histology with one of the following:

  * Persistent disease after first-line chemo-immunotherapy
  * Relapse after first-line chemo-immunotherapy and not eligible for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT)
  * Relapse or persistent disease after at least two lines of therapy or after autologous HCT
* Ability to understand and provide informed consent

INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR LEUKAPHERESIS AND PRE-THERAPY EVALUATION:

* Screening evaluation appropriate for leukapheresis and T-cell collection
* Evidence of CD19 expression on any prior or current tumor specimen or a high likelihood of CD19 expression based on disease histology

INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR LYMPHODEPLETION CHEMOTHERAPY, JCAR014 AND DURVALUMAB:

* Successful collection of T cells for JCAR014 manufacturing
* Documentation of CD19 expression on any prior or current tumor biopsy
* Internal review of histology
* Detectable positron emission tomography (PET)-positive disease
* Karnofsky performance status \>= 60%
* Assessed by the investigator to have adequate bone marrow function to receive lymphodepleting conditioning chemotherapy
* Serum creatinine \< 1.5 x age-adjusted upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \< 3 x ULN and total bilirubin =\< 2 x ULN
* Adequate pulmonary function, defined as Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade =\< 1 dyspnea and oxygen saturation (SaO2) \>= 92% on room air; patients with clinically significant pulmonary dysfunction, as determined by medical history and physical exam should undergo pulmonary function testing and must have a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) \>= 50% of predicted value or diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO; corrected) \>= 40% of predicted value
* Adequate cardiac function, defined as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \>= 35% as assessed by echocardiogram (ECHO) or multiple uptake gated acquisition (MUGA)
* Women of reproductive potential (defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant) must agree to use suitable methods of contraception for 90 days after the last dose of study therapy (durvalumab or JCAR014)
* Males who have partners of reproductive potential must agree to use an effective barrier contraceptive method for 90 days after the last dose of study therapy (durvalumab or JCAR014)

Exclusion Criteria:

EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR SCREENING:

* Subjects with known active central nervous system (CNS) involvement by malignancy; subjects with prior CNS disease that has been effectively treated will be eligible if treatment was completed at least 3 months prior to enrollment and there is no evidence of disease or stable abnormalities on repeat imaging
* Planned use of corticosteroids (\> 10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) or other systemic immunosuppression within 4 days prior to leukapheresis; topical and/or inhaled steroids are permitted
* Prior treatment with any CD19 CAR T-cell therapy
* Prior allogeneic HCT
* Known active hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
* Pregnant or breastfeeding women
* Known exclusion criteria for leukapheresis, JCAR014, or durvalumab therapy

EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR LEUKAPHERESIS AND PRE-THERAPY EVALUATION:

* Subjects with known active central nervous system (CNS) involvement by malignancy; subjects with prior CNS disease that has been effectively treated will be eligible if treatment was completed at least 3 months prior to enrollment and there is no evidence of disease or stable abnormalities on repeat imaging
* Prior treatment with programmed cell death (PD)-1, PD-ligand (L)1, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA 4) targeted therapy, or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) agonists including CD134 (OX40), CD27, CD137 (4-1BB), and CD357 (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related protein \[GITR\])
* Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including inflammatory bowel disease \[e.g., ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease\], celiac disease, or other serious chronic gastrointestinal conditions associated with diarrhea; autoimmune vasculitis; systemic lupus erythematosus; Wegener syndrome \[granulomatosis with polyangiitis\]; myasthenia gravis; Graves' disease; rheumatoid arthritis, hypophysitis, uveitis, etc.) within 3 years prior to the planned start of treatment; the following are exceptions to this criterion:

  * Vitiligo
  * Alopecia
  * Hypothyroidism (e.g., following Hashimoto syndrome) stable on hormone replacement
  * Psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment
  * Other conditions considered to be low risk of serious deterioration by the principal investigator (PI)
* History of any one of the following cardiovascular conditions within the past 6 months: class III or IV heart failure as defined by the New York Heart Association (NYHA), cardiac angioplasty or stenting, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina; history of other clinically significant cardiac disease that, in the opinion of the PI or designee, is a contraindication to lymphodepleting chemotherapy, JCAR014 infusion, or durvalumab infusion is also excluded
* History or presence of clinically relevant CNS pathology such as epilepsy, seizure, paresis, aphasia, stroke, severe brain injuries, dementia, Parkinson's disease, cerebellar disease, or psychosis; history of other organic brain syndrome that in the opinion of the PI or designee is a contraindication to lymphodepleting chemotherapy, JCAR014 infusion or durvalumab infusion
* History of solid organ transplantation

EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR LYMPHODEPLETION CHEMOTHERAPY, JCAR014 AND DURVALUMAB:

* For lymphodepletion chemotherapy, JCAR014 and durvalumab: Subjects with known active CNS involvement by malignancy; subjects with prior CNS disease that has been effectively treated will be eligible if treatment was completed at least 3 months prior to enrollment and there is no evidence of disease or stable abnormalities on repeat imaging
* Uncontrolled infection
* Receipt of live, attenuated vaccine within 28 days prior to the first dose of durvalumab (Note: enrolled patients should not receive live vaccine during the study and for 180 days after the last dose of durvalumab)
* Planned use of corticosteroids (\> 10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) or other systemic immunosuppression is not permitted within 72 hours prior to JCAR014 infusion; topical and/or inhaled steroids are permitted.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Count of Participants Who Experienced Adverse Events
timeFrame: 28 days post last infusion of Durvalumab, up to 1 year
measure: Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) Rates
timeFrame: 28 days post first infusion of Durvalumab (for participants in Group 1) or 28 days post infusion of JCAR (for participants in Group 2)
measure: Highest Treatment Dose Administered on Study
timeFrame: 28 days
measure: Maximum JCAR014 Cmax by Flow Cytometry
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: Area Under the Curve (AUC) of JCAR014 by Flow Cytometry
timeFrame: Up to 28 days
measure: Maximum JCAR014 Cmax in Blood by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) Analysis
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: AUC of JCAR014 Cells by qPCR Analysis
timeFrame: Up to 28 days
measure: Time to Loss of JCAR014 Detection in Blood by qPCR Analysis
timeFrame: Up to 12 months, +/- 30 days
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Rate of Complete Response (CR) by Investigator Assessment Using Lugano Criteria
timeFrame: Up to 1 year
measure: Rate of Partial Response (PR) by Investigator Assessment Using Lugano Criteria
timeFrame: Up to 1 year
measure: Objective Response Rate by Investigator Assessment Using Lugano Criteria
timeFrame: Up to 1 year
measure: Duration of Response
timeFrame: From first response to progressive disease or death, assessed up to 1 year
measure: Progression Free Survival
timeFrame: From date of first study treatment to progressive disease or death, assessed up to 1 year
measure: Overall Survival
timeFrame: From date of first study treatment to death, assessed up to 1 year
Other outcomes:
measure: B-cell Depletion in Circulation, Profile of Soluble Circulating Proteins Such as Cytokines and Chemokines, and Changes in the Level of Detectable Soluble PD-L1
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: Change in the Phenotype of Tumor Cells (e.g., Expression of PD-L1) and of the Tumor Microenvironment (e.g., Infiltration by Chimeric Antigen Receptor [CAR] T Cells)
timeFrame: Baseline up to 12 months
measure: Phenotype and/or Genetic Profile of Endogenous Immune Cells and CAR T Cells
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: Cmax of Durvalumab in Serum
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: AUC of Durvalumab in Serum
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: Clearance of Durvalumab in Serum
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: Terminal Half-life of Durvalumab in Serum
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: Antibodies and Cellular Immune Responses to JCAR014
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
measure: Anti-drug Antibodies Directed Against Durvalumab
timeFrame: Up to 12 months
Locations:
city: Seattle
country: United States
facility: Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium
state: Washington
Study officials:
affiliation: Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium
name: Jordan Gauthier
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Ernst M, Oeser A, Besiroglu B, Caro-Valenzuela J, Abd El Aziz M, Monsef I, Borchmann P, Estcourt LJ, Skoetz N, Goldkuhle M. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for people with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 13;9(9):CD013365. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013365.pub2.