Clinical trial NCT04791436: Oral and Olfactory Complications of Recovered COVID-19 Patients
Official title: Oral and Olfactory Complications of Recovered COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Oral Complication
Dysgeusia
Olfactory Disorder
Keywords: COVID-19
Oral Manifestations
Olfactory Manifestations
Lead sponsor: University of Giessen
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Masaryk University
name: University of Kiel
First posted: 2021-03-10
Enrollment: 402
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Study subjects will be divided into three groups according to the severity grade of illness: non-hospitalized, hospitalized, and intensive care patients.

Brief summary: This cohort study aims to investigate the long-standing chemosensory disorders and oral manifestation after recovery of the COVID-19 illness. A correlation between the long-standing symptoms and the COVID-19 severity grade will be very important to understand and clarify the aetiology of these symptoms.

Detailed description: This prospective cohort study aims to investigate the long-standing chemosensory disorders and oral manifestation after recovery of the COVID-19 illness. A correlation between the long-standing symptoms and the COVID-19 severity grade will be very important to understand and clarify the aetiology of these symptoms.

Study objectives:

1. To describe the frequency and severity of oral signs and chemosensory disorders that persist after the recovery of COVID-19 and to examine whether "taste disorders" can be discriminated into an- or hypogeusia and an- or hyposmia.
2. To report any correlation between the severity grade of COVID-19 and the resulting standing symptoms.
3. To describe the oral microbiome after infection with COVID-19 and to describe possible changes in comparison to normal healthy individuals.

Clinical and -if indicated- radiological examination to assess the long-term oral and chemosensory impairment and complaints of COVID-19 patients after their recovery shall be performed in an interdisciplinary setting of Maxillofacial Surgery, ENT and Medical Microbiology.

The study subjects will be divided into three groups according to the severity grade of illness: non-hospitalized, hospitalized, and intensive care patients. All adult COVID-19 recovery patients (exceeding the age of 18) will be included in the study. The time between illness and study recruitment shall be at least 3 months. Exclusion criteria are psychiatric or neurological diseases, previous trauma, surgery or radiotherapy in the oral or nasal cavities, pre-existing taste or smell dysfunctions or chronic rhinosinusitis.

The study variables include age, sex, co-morbidities, possible causes of exclusion from the study. The oral health assessment will be performed by examination of: periodontal status, assessment of oral lesions, a radiological examination by using panoramic x-ray if clinically indicated, photo documentation, objective evaluation of the olfactory and gustatory functions with psychophysical tests. The gustatory and olfactory function will be tested by using the combined Burghart Screening 12 test containing smelling sticks and taste strips (Fa. MediSense, Groningen, Netherlands). Evaluation of taste and smell is performed by offering the sticks/strips and demand a forced multiple choice.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* All adult COVID-19 recovery patients (exceeding the age of 18) will be included in the study. The time between illness and study recruitment shall be at least 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion criteria are psychiatric or neurological diseases, previous trauma, surgery or radiotherapy in the oral or nasal cavities, pre-existing taste or smell dysfunctions or chronic rhinosinusitis.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Periodontal health
timeFrame: At least 3 months after recovery of COVID-19
measure: Oral mucocutaneous lesions
timeFrame: At least 3 months after recovery of COVID-19
measure: Gustatory function
timeFrame: At least 3 months after recovery of COVID-19
measure: Olfactory function
timeFrame: At least 3 months after recovery of COVID-19
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Gießen
country: Germany
facility: Justus-Liebig University
state: Hesse
Study officials:
References:
citation: Attia S, Howaldt HP. Impact of COVID-19 on the Dental Community: Part I before Vaccine (BV). J Clin Med. 2021 Jan 14;10(2):288. doi: 10.3390/jcm10020288.
citation: Bottger S, Zechel-Gran S, Streckbein P, Knitschke M, Hain T, Weigel M, Wilbrand JF, Domann E, Howaldt HP, Attia S. A New Type of Chronic Wound Infection after Wisdom Tooth Extraction: A Diagnostic Approach with 16S-rRNA Gene Analysis, Next-Generation Sequencing, and Bioinformatics. Pathogens. 2020 Sep 28;9(10):798. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9100798.
citation: Ammar N, Aly NM, Folayan MO, Mohebbi SZ, Attia S, Howaldt HP, Boettger S, Khader Y, Maharani DA, Rahardjo A, Khan I, Madi M, Shamala A, Al-Batayneh OB, Rashwan M, Pavlic V, Cicmil S, Galluccio G, Polimeni A, Mancino D, Arheiam A, Dama MA, Nyan M, Phantumvanit P, Kim JB, Choi YH, Castillo JL, Joury E, Abdelsalam MM, Alkeshan MM, Hussein I, Vukovic AP, Iandolo A, Kemoli AM, El Tantawi M. Knowledge of dental academics about the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-country online survey. BMC Med Educ. 2020 Nov 2;20(1):399. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02308-w.
citation: Ammar N, Aly NM, Folayan MO, Khader Y, Virtanen JI, Al-Batayneh OB, Mohebbi SZ, Attia S, Howaldt HP, Boettger S, Maharani DA, Rahardjo A, Khan I, Madi M, Rashwan M, Pavlic V, Cicmil S, Choi YH, Joury E, Castillo JL, Noritake K, Shamala A, Galluccio G, Polimeni A, Phantumvanit P, Mancino D, Kim JB, Abdelsalam MM, Arheiam A, Dama MA, Nyan M, Hussein I, Alkeshan MM, Vukovic AP, Iandolo A, Kemoli AM, El Tantawi M. Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity. PLoS One. 2020 Sep 29;15(9):e0239961. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239961. eCollection 2020.