Clinical trial NCT03266497: Diet Quality Among U.S.-Born and Foreign-born Non-Hispanic Blacks
Official title: Diet Quality Among U.S.-Born and Foreign-born Non-Hispanic Blacks: NHANES 2003-2012 Data
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Diet Habit
Keywords: diet quality
health disparities
immigrants
foreign-born
Blacks/African Americans
place of birth/nativity
length of residency
NHANES
acculturation
Lead sponsor: Tufts University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH)
name: Albert Einstein College of Medicine
First posted: 2017-08-30
Enrollment: 4243
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 22
Maximum age (years): 79
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: OTHER
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: The study population comprised 4,243 non-Hispanic Blacks, including 3,837 U.S.-born (90.4%) and 406 foreign-born (9.6%). Compared to U.S.-born Blacks, a higher proportion of foreign-born Blacks were male, had attained a higher level of education, were classified as normal or overweight, had never been a smoker, engaged in physical activity, and had lower energy intake. In comparison to those who were in the U.S. for \<10 years, more foreign-born Blacks who were in the U.S. for ≥30 years were current smokers (14.8% vs. 5.0%, respectively), had higher income (IPR of ≥4.00: 43.5% vs 7.9%, respectively), and a higher percent with a college degree or higher (39.4% vs. 18.3%, respectively). Foreign-born Blacks residing in the U.S. for ≥30 years reported higher BMI in comparison to those residing in the U.S. for \<10 years (28.8 vs. 26.7 kg/m2).

Brief summary: This study compares the diet quality between U.S.-born and foreign-born non-Hispanic Blacks using pooled NHANES data.

Detailed description: This study uses the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores to compare diet quality between U.S.-born (n=3,837) and foreign-born (n=406) non-Hispanic Black adults aged 22-79y, based on pooled nationally representative data (NHANES 2003-2012); as well as by length of U.S. residency. Association between nativity and diet quality was done using multivariable-adjusted linear regression for the continuous total diet quality scores and their components, or multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression for categorical tertiles (low, medium, or high) of the total scores and their components. The study found that foreign-born Blacks had significantly higher AHEI-2010 and DASH scores compared to U.S-born Blacks, and more favorable intakes for many of the score components. Among foreign-born Blacks, diet quality did not significantly differ by length of residency. Foreign-born Blacks were more likely to be in the high than low tertile for fruit (including and excluding fruit juice), vegetables (excluding starchy vegetables), percent whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids. Overall, the study suggests that foreign-born Blacks have better diet quality compared to their U.S.-born counterparts. Considering nativity among U.S. Blacks in nutrition research and public health efforts may therefore improve accuracy of characterizing dietary intakes and facilitate development of targeted nutrition interventions to reduce diet-related diseases in the diverse Black population in the U.S.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* 22-79

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant subjects
* Energy intakes of ≤600 kcal and ≥ 4800 kcal
* No dietary data available

Primary outcomes:
measure: Adapted AHEI-2010
timeFrame: 2003-2012
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Adapted DASH score
timeFrame: 2003-2012
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References: