Clinical trial NCT02142283: Clinical Mismatch in the Triage of Wake Up and Late Presenting Strokes Undergoing Neurointervention With Trevo
Official title: Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) or Computerized Tomography Perfusion (CTP) Assessment With Clinical Mismatch in the Triage of Wake Up and Late Presenting Strokes Undergoing Neurointervention (DAWN)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Ischemic Stroke
Keywords: Mechanical thrombectomy
Acute ischemic stroke
Wake up stroke
Late presenting stroke
Lead sponsor: Stryker Neurovascular
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2014-05-20
Enrollment: 206
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the hypothesis that Trevo thrombectomy plus medical management leads to superior clinical outcomes at 90 days as compared to medical management alone in appropriately selected subjects experiencing an acute ischemic stroke when treatment is initiated within 6-24 hours after last seen well.

Detailed description: The study is a prospective, randomized, multi-center, Phase II/III (feasibility/pivotal), adaptive, controlled trial, designed to demonstrate that mechanical thrombectomy using the Trevo Retriever with medical management is superior to medical management alone in improving clinical outcomes at 90 days in appropriately selected wake up and late presenting acute ischemic stroke subjects.

The intent of this study is to support the use of the Trevo Retriever beyond the currently labeled 8 hour indicated time limit in wake up, unclear onset, and late presenting ischemic stroke subjects, who currently have no other option besides medical management of their symptoms.

Patients with wake-up strokes, strokes with unclear onset time, and witnessed late presenting strokes may potentially benefit from intra-arterial reperfusion therapy. However, an important indicator of whether subjects will benefit or not during this later time window is the confirmation of a large vessel occlusion (LVO), and assessment of the core infarct volume relative to the volume of salvageable penumbra. Therefore, standardized imaging selection of subjects is required for inclusion into the study.

This trial has been designed with subject safety in mind, as a seamless Phase II (feasibility) / Phase III (pivotal) adaptive design, in order to address the concerns around potential unknown harms to enrolled subjects. This study will help to answer the question of whether carefully selecting subjects by using Clinical Imaging Mismatch will allow acute ischemic stroke patients who present at or beyond 6 hours from Time Last Seen Well (TLSW) to be considered for intra-arterial intervention. If Trevo thrombectomy plus medical management leads to better clinical outcomes over medical management alone, more patients in the future could receive endovascular treatment (either in addition to or in lieu of IV tPA).

Eligibility criteria: General Inclusion Criteria:

1. Clinical signs and symptoms consistent with the diagnosis of an acute ischemic stroke, and subject belongs to one of the following subgroups:

   1. Subject has failed IV t-PA therapy (defined as a confirmed persistent occlusion 60 min after administration)
   2. Subject is contraindicated for IV t-PA administration
2. Age ≥18
3. Baseline NIHSS ≥10 (assessed within one hour of measuring core infarct volume)
4. Subject can be randomized between with 6 to 24 hours after time last known well
5. No significant pre-stroke disability (pre-stroke mRS must be 0 or 1)
6. Anticipated life expectancy of at least 6 months
7. Subject willing/able to return for protocol required follow up visits
8. Subject or subject's Legally Authorized Representative (LAR) has signed the study Informed Consent form\*

   * If approved by local ethics committee and country regulations, the investigator is allowed to enroll a patient utilizing emergency informed consent procedures if neither the patient nor the representative or person of trust is available to sign the informed consent form. However, as soon as possible, the patient is informed and his/her consent is requested for the possible continuation of this research. (Not applicable to U.S. Sites.)

Imaging Inclusion Criteria:

1. \< 1/3 MCA territory involved, as evidenced by CT or MRI
2. Occlusion of the intracranial ICA and/or MCA-M1 as evidenced by MRA or CTA
3. Clinical Imaging Mismatch (CIM) defined as one of the following on MR-DWI or CTP-rCBF maps:

   1. 0-\<21 cc core infarct and NIHSS ≥ 10 (and age ≥ 80 years old)
   2. 0-\<31 cc core infarct and NIHSS ≥ 10 (and age \< 80 years old)
   3. 31 cc to \<51 cc core infarct and NIHSS ≥ 20 (and age \< 80 years old)

General Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of severe head injury within past 90 days with residual neurological deficit, as determined by medical history
2. Rapid improvement in neurological status to an NIHSS \<10 or evidence of vessel recanalization prior to randomization
3. Pre-existing neurological or psychiatric disease that would confound the neurological or functional evaluations, e.g. dementia with prescribed anti-cholinesterase inhibitor (e.g. Aricept)
4. Seizures at stroke onset if it makes the diagnosis of stroke doubtful and precludes obtaining an accurate baseline NIHSS assessment
5. Baseline blood glucose of \<50mg/dL (2.78 mmol) or \>400mg/dL (22.20 mmol)
6. Baseline hemoglobin counts of \<7 mmol/L
7. Baseline platelet count \< 50,000/uL
8. Abnormal baseline electrolyte parameters as defined by sodium concentration \<130 mmol/L, potassium concentration \<3 mEq/L or \>6 mEq/L
9. Renal failure as defined by a serum creatinine \>3.0 mg/dL (264 µmol/L) NOTE: subjects on renal dialysis may be treated regardless of serum creatinine levels
10. Known hemorrhagic diathesis, coagulation factor deficiency, or on anticoagulant therapy with INR \> 3.0 or PTT \> 3 times normal. Patients on factor Xa inhibitor for 24-48 hours ago must have a normal PTT.
11. Any active or recent hemorrhage within the past 30 days
12. History of severe allergy (more than rash) to contrast medium
13. Severe, sustained hypertension (Systolic Blood Pressure \>185 mmHg or Diastolic Blood Pressure \>110 mmHg) NOTE: If the blood pressure can be successfully reduced and maintained at the acceptable level using medication the subject can be enrolled
14. Female who is pregnant or lactating at time of admission
15. Current participation in another investigational drug or device study
16. Presumed septic embolus, or suspicion of bacterial endocarditis
17. Treatment with any cleared thrombectomy devices or other intra-arterial (neurovascular) therapies prior to randomization

Imaging Exclusion Criteria:

1. Evidence of intracranial hemorrhage on CT/MRI
2. CTA or MRA evidence of flow limiting carotid dissection, high-grade stenosis, or complete cervical carotid occlusion requiring stenting at the time of the index procedure (i.e., mechanical thrombectomy).
3. Excessive tortuosity of cervical vessels on CTA/MRA that would likely preclude device delivery/deployment
4. Suspected cerebral vasculitis based on medical history and CTA/MRA
5. Suspected aortic dissection based on medical history and CTA/MRA
6. Intracranial stent implanted in the same vascular territory that would preclude the safe deployment/removal of the Trevo device
7. Occlusions in multiple vascular territories (e.g., bilateral anterior circulation, or anterior circulation/vertebrobasilar system) as confirmed on CTA/MRA, or clinical evidence of bilateral strokes or strokes in multiple territories
8. Significant mass effect with midline shift as confirmed on CT/MRI
9. Evidence of intracranial tumor (except small meningioma) as confirmed on CT/MRI

Primary outcomes:
measure: Weighted Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score, Lead Co-Primary Efficacy Outcome
timeFrame: 90 days
measure: Functional Independence (mRS 0-2), Nested Co-Primary Efficacy Outcome
timeFrame: 90 days
measure: Stroke-related Mortality, Primary Safety Outcome
timeFrame: 90 days
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Good Functional Outcome
timeFrame: 90 days
measure: Early Response
timeFrame: 5-7 Days
measure: All Cause Mortality
timeFrame: 90 days
measure: Revascularization Rates
timeFrame: 24 hours
measure: Neurological Deterioration From Baseline NIHSS Score
timeFrame: 5-7 days
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center
state: California
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: University of California, Los Angeles
state: California
city: San Francisco
country: United States
facility: California Pacific Medical Center
state: California
city: Newark
country: United States
facility: Christiana Care
state: Delaware
city: Hollywood
country: United States
facility: Memorial Regional
state: Florida
city: Jacksonville
country: United States
facility: Baptist Jacksonville
state: Florida
city: Miami
country: United States
facility: Jackson Memorial/University of Miami
state: Florida
city: Orlando
country: United States
facility: Florida Hospital; Neuroscience Research Center
state: Florida
city: Atlanta
country: United States
facility: Emory University at Grady Memorial Hospital
state: Georgia
city: Marietta
country: United States
facility: Wellstar Kennestone Hospital
state: Georgia
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: RUSH University Medical Center
state: Illinois
city: Kansas City
country: United States
facility: University of Kansas Medical Center
state: Kansas
city: Lexington
country: United States
facility: Baptist Health Lexington
state: Kentucky
city: Pontiac
country: United States
facility: St. Joseph Mercy - Oakland
state: Michigan
city: Edison
country: United States
facility: JFK Neuroscience Institute at JFK Medical Center
state: New Jersey
city: Trenton
country: United States
facility: Capital Health System
state: New Jersey
city: Buffalo
country: United States
facility: Buffalo General Medical Center
state: New York
city: Cleveland
country: United States
facility: University Hospitals Case Medical Center
state: Ohio
city: Columbus
country: United States
facility: Riverside Methodist Hospital/ Ohio Health Research Institute
state: Ohio
city: Abington
country: United States
facility: Abington Memorial Hospital
state: Pennsylvania
city: Pittsburgh
country: United States
facility: UPMC Stroke Institute
state: Pennsylvania
city: Chattanooga
country: United States
facility: Erlanger Health System
state: Tennessee
city: Harlingen
country: United States
facility: Valley Baptist Medical Center-Harlingen
state: Texas
city: Plano
country: United States
facility: North Texas Stroke Center HCA (dba TSI)
state: Texas
city: Parkville
country: Australia
facility: Royal Melbourne
city: Toronto
country: Canada
facility: Toronto Western Hospital - University Health Network
state: Ontario
city: Montpellier
country: France
facility: Hôpital Gui de Chauliac
city: Toulouse
country: France
facility: Hopital Purpan - Toulouse
city: Barcelona
country: Spain
facility: Vall d'Hebron Barcelona
city: Barcelona
country: Spain
facility: Hospital Clinic - Barcelona
city: Barcelona
country: Spain
facility: Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol
city: Barcelona
country: Spain
facility: Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Pittsburg Medical Center Stroke Institute
name: Tudor G Jovin, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Marcus Stroke & Neuroscience Center, Grady Memorial Hospital
name: Raul Nogueira, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Roaldsen MB, Lindekleiv H, Mathiesen EB. Intravenous thrombolytic treatment and endovascular thrombectomy for ischaemic wake-up stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Dec 1;12(12):CD010995. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010995.pub3.
citation: Liebeskind DS, Saber H, Xiang B, Jadhav AP, Jovin TG, Haussen DC, Budzik RF, Bonafe A, Bhuva P, Yavagal DR, Hanel RA, Ribo M, Cognard C, Sila C, Hassan AE, Smith WS, Saver JL, Nogueira RG; DAWN Investigators. Collateral Circulation in Thrombectomy for Stroke After 6 to 24 Hours in the DAWN Trial. Stroke. 2022 Mar;53(3):742-748. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.034471. Epub 2021 Nov 3.
citation: Liebeskind DS, Saber H, Bhuva P, Xiang B, Yoo AJ, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, Budzik RF, Bonafe A, Yavagal DR, Hanel RA, Ribo M, Cognard C, Sila C, Hassan AE, Smith WS, Saver JL, Nogueira RG, Jovin TG. Serial ASPECTS in the DAWN Trial: Infarct Evolution and Clinical Impact. Stroke. 2021 Oct;52(10):3318-3324. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.033477. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
citation: Tekle WG, Hassan AE, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, Budzik RF, Bonafe A, Bhuva P, Yavagal DR, Hanel RA, Ribo M, Cognard C, Sila CA, Smith WS, Saver JL, Liebeskind DS, Shields R, Nogueira RG, Jovin TG; DAWN Trial Investigators. Impact of Periprocedural and Technical Factors and Patient Characteristics on Revascularization and Outcome in the DAWN Trial. Stroke. 2020 Jan;51(1):247-253. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.026437. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
citation: Aghaebrahim A, Jadhav AP, Hanel R, Sauvageau E, Granja MF, Zhang Y, Haussen DC, Budzik RF, Bonafe A, Bhuva P, Ribo M, Cognard C, Sila C, Yavagal D, Hassan AE, Smith WS, Saver J, Liebeskind DS, Nogueira RG, Jovin TG; DAWN Investigators. Outcome in Direct Versus Transfer Patients in the DAWN Controlled Trial. Stroke. 2019 Aug;50(8):2163-2167. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.025710. Epub 2019 Jul 15.
citation: Nogueira RG, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, Bonafe A, Budzik RF, Bhuva P, Yavagal DR, Ribo M, Cognard C, Hanel RA, Sila CA, Hassan AE, Millan M, Levy EI, Mitchell P, Chen M, English JD, Shah QA, Silver FL, Pereira VM, Mehta BP, Baxter BW, Abraham MG, Cardona P, Veznedaroglu E, Hellinger FR, Feng L, Kirmani JF, Lopes DK, Jankowitz BT, Frankel MR, Costalat V, Vora NA, Yoo AJ, Malik AM, Furlan AJ, Rubiera M, Aghaebrahim A, Olivot JM, Tekle WG, Shields R, Graves T, Lewis RJ, Smith WS, Liebeskind DS, Saver JL, Jovin TG; DAWN Trial Investigators. Thrombectomy 6 to 24 Hours after Stroke with a Mismatch between Deficit and Infarct. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jan 4;378(1):11-21. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1706442. Epub 2017 Nov 11.