Clinical trial NCT01667133: A Study of Ponatinib in Japanese Participants With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) and Ph+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Official title: A Phase 1/2 Multi-center, Open-label Study of Ponatinib in Japanese Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Who Have Failed Dasatinib or Nilotinib or Ph+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Who Have Failed Prior Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Ph+ ALL)
Keywords: Leukemia
Leukemia, Myeloid
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
Neoplasms by Histologic Type
Neoplasms
Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Lymphatic Diseases
Immunoproliferative Disorders
Immune System Diseases
Myeloproliferative Disorders
Bone Marrow Diseases
Hematologic Diseases
Lead sponsor: Takeda
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2012-08-17
Enrollment: 35
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of ponatinib in Japanese patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who have experienced failure of dasatinib or nilotinib or with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) following failure of prior tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Detailed description: This multi-center, phase 1/2, open-label study will consist of two phases. The first will be a dose escalation phase employing a modified 3+3 design with two dose cohorts (30mg and 45mg). After 6 patients complete the first cycle in a cohort, safety events will be evaluated before opening the next dose cohort. Patients will continue on treatment as long as it is tolerated and disease progression has not occurred. Phase 2 will occur at the recommended dose determined in phase 1 in an additional 25 patients. Another 3 patients will be dosed at 15mg for collection of pharmacokinetic data. These patients may also escalate to the recommended dose and be assessed for efficacy and safety as phase 2 patients.

Efficacy measures include molecular, cytogenetic, and hematologic response rates at various time points; time to response; duration of response; and survival follow-up. Safety measures include routine physical and laboratory evaluations, adverse event monitoring, and ECGs. Other measures include mutation testing and molecular genetic assessment. Accrual is expected to take approximately 12 months, and patients will be followed for survival for up to 60 months from the last dose of study drug; therefore, the estimated duration of the trial is 72 months.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients must have CML in any phase (CP, AP, or BP of any phenotype) or Ph+ ALL, as follows:

   * All patients must have screening bone marrow (BM) cytogenetics with conventional banding performed within 42 days prior to beginning treatment.
   * Examination of at least 20 metaphases is required in patients in CP. If less than 20 metaphases are examined, the BM aspirate must be repeated.
   * Adequate BM aspirate with differential cell counts is required in patients with AP, BP, or Ph+ ALL. If an adequate aspirate is not obtained, the aspirate must be repeated.
2. Be previously treated with and resistant, or intolerant, as defined in the protocol, to either dasatinib or nilotinib for CML or at least one TKI for Ph+ ALL, regardless of whether dasatinib or nilotinib or the prior TKI were used to treat newly diagnosed or resistant patients.
3. Must be ≥ 18 years old.
4. Provide written informed consent.
5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2.
6. Minimum life expectancy of 3 months or more.
7. Adequate renal function defined as serum creatinine \< 1.5 × upper limit of normal (ULN) for institution.
8. Adequate hepatic function defined as:

   1. Total bilirubin \< 1.5 × ULN
   2. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT \[SGPT\]) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST \[SGOT\]) \< 2.5 × ULN for institution (\< 5 × ULN if liver involvement with leukemia)
   3. Prothrombin time \< 1.5 × ULN
9. Normal pancreatic status defined as:

   1. Lipase ≤ 1.5 × ULN for institution
   2. Amylase ≤ 1.5 × ULN for institution
10. Normal QT interval corrected (Fridericia) (QTcF) interval on screening ECG evaluation, defined as QTcF of ≤ 450 ms in males or ≤ 470 ms in females.
11. For females of childbearing potential, a negative pregnancy test must be documented prior to enrolment.
12. Female and male patients who are of childbearing potential must agree to use an effective form of contraception with their sexual partners throughout participation in this study.
13. Ability to comply with study procedures, in the Investigator's opinion.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients are not eligible for participation in the study if they meet any of the following exclusion criteria:

1. Received TKI therapy within 7 days prior to receiving the first dose of ponatinib, or have not recovered (\> grade 1 by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0 \[NCI CTCAE v.4.0\]) from adverse events (AEs) (except alopecia) due to agents previously administered.
2. Received other therapies as follows:

   1. For CP and AP patients, received interferon, cytarabine, or immunotherapy within 14 days, or any other cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or investigational therapy within 28 days prior to receiving the first dose of ponatinib.
   2. For BP patients, received chemotherapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of ponatinib. Otherwise, 2a applies.
   3. For Ph+ ALL patients, received corticosteroids within 24 hours before the first dose of ponatinib and other chemotherapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of ponatinib. Otherwise, 2a applies.
   4. All patients are excluded if they have not recovered (\> grade 1 by NCI CTCAE v.4.0) from AEs (except alopecia) due to agents previously administered.
3. Underwent autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant \< 60 days prior to receiving the first dose of ponatinib; any evidence of ongoing graft versus-host disease (GVHD) or GVHD requiring immunosuppressive therapy.
4. Take medications that are known to be associated with Torsades de Pointes.
5. Require concurrent treatment with immunosuppressive agents, other than corticosteroids prescribed for a short course of therapy.
6. Have previously been treated with ponatinib.
7. Patients with CP-CML are excluded if they are in CCyR.
8. Patients with CP-CML are excluded if a baseline BM aspirate adequate for conventional cytogenetic analysis with 20 metaphases examined is not available.
9. Patients with AP-CML, BP-CML, or Ph+ ALL are excluded if they are in MaHR.
10. Patients with AP-CML, BP-CML, or Ph+ ALL are excluded if a baseline BM aspirate adequate for cell count and differential report is not available. Patients with a fibrotic marrow or dry tap that does not yield adequate cell counts for diagnosis are not evaluable for classification, and endpoints are not eligible.
11. Have active central nervous system (CNS) disease as evidenced by cytology or pathology. In the absence of clinical CNS disease, lumbar puncture is not required. History itself of CNS involvement is not exclusionary if CNS has been cleared with a documented negative lumbar puncture.
12. Have significant or active cardiovascular disease, specifically including, but not restricted to:

    1. Myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to first dose of ponatinib
    2. History of clinically significant atrial arrhythmia or any ventricular arrhythmia
    3. Unstable angina within 3 months prior to first dose of ponatinib
    4. Congestive heart failure within 3 months prior to first dose of ponatinib
13. Have a significant bleeding disorder unrelated to CML or Ph+ ALL.
14. Have a history of pancreatitis or alcohol abuse.
15. Have uncontrolled hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides \> 450 mg/dL).
16. Have malabsorption syndrome or other gastrointestinal illness that could affect absorption of orally administered ponatinib.
17. Have been diagnosed with another primary malignancy within the past 3 years (except for non-melanoma skin cancer or cervical cancer in situ, or controlled prostate cancer, which are allowed within 3 years).
18. Are pregnant or lactating. Women of childbearing potential must agree to an effective contraception from the time of signing the informed consent through the Follow-up Visit, approximately 30 days after last dose of ponatinib.
19. Underwent major surgery (with the exception of minor surgical procedures, such as catheter placement or BM biopsy) within 14 days prior to first dose of ponatinib.
20. Have ongoing or active infection (including known history of human immunodeficiency virus \[HIV\], hepatitis B virus \[HBV\], or hepatitis C virus \[HCV\]). Testing for these viruses is not required in the absence of history.
21. Suffer from any condition or illness that, in the opinion of the Investigator or the Medical Monitor, would compromise patients safety or interfere with the evaluation of the safety of the study drug.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Phase 1: Number of Participants With Dose-limiting Toxicities (DLTs) as a Measure of Safety Profile to Determine Recommended Dose of Ponatinib
timeFrame: Cycle 1 (Cycle length= 28 days)
measure: Phase 2, CP-CML Participants: Percentage of Participants With Major Cytogenetic Response (MCyR)
timeFrame: Baseline up to 60 months
measure: Phase 2, BP-CML and Ph+ALL: Percentage of Participants With Major Hematologic Response (MaHR)
timeFrame: Baseline up to 60 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: CP-CML Participants: Percentage of Participants With CHR
timeFrame: Baseline up to 60 months
measure: CP-CML, AP-CML, BP-CML, and Ph+ALL Participants: Percentage of Participants With Confirmed MCyR
timeFrame: Baseline up to 60 months
measure: CP-CML, AP-CML, BP-CML, and Ph+ALL Participants: Percentage of Participants With Major Molecular Response (MMR)
timeFrame: Baseline up to 60 months
measure: CP-CML, AP-CML, BP-CML, and Ph+ALL Participants: Median Time to Response (TTR)
timeFrame: From the first dose of study treatment until the criteria for response were first met (up to 60 months)
measure: CP-CML and Advanced Phase Participants: Median Duration of Response (DOR)
timeFrame: From the first assessment at which criteria for response was met until the criteria for progression was first met (up to 60 months)
measure: CP-CML and Advanced Phase Participants: Median Progression-free Survival (PFS)
timeFrame: From the first assessment at which criteria for response was met until the criteria for progression or death was met (up to 60 months)
measure: CP-CML and Advanced Phase Participants: Overall Survival (OS)
timeFrame: From the first dose of study treatment until death (up to 60 months)
measure: Cmax: Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration for Ponatinib
timeFrame: Cycle 1 Day 1 pre-dose and at multiple time points (up to 24 hours) post-dose (Cycle length= 28 days)
measure: Tmax: Time to Reach the Cmax for Ponatinib
timeFrame: Cycle 1 Day 1 pre-dose and at multiple time points (up to 24 hours) post-dose (Cycle length= 28 days)
measure: AUC(0-24): Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time 0 to 24 Hours Post-dose for Ponatinib
timeFrame: Cycle 1 Day 1 pre-dose and at multiple time points (up to 24 hours) post-dose (Cycle length= 28 days)
measure: T1/2: Terminal Phase Elimination Half-life for Ponatinib
timeFrame: Cycle 1 Day 1 pre-dose and at multiple time points (up to 24 hours) post-dose (Cycle length= 28 days)
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Nagoya-shi
country: Japan
facility: Aichi Cancer Center Hospital
state: Aichi
city: Akita-shi
country: Japan
facility: Akita University Hospital
state: Akita
city: Hiroshima-shi
country: Japan
facility: Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
state: Hiroshima
city: Hukuoka-shi
country: Japan
facility: Kyushu University Hospital
state: Hukuoka
city: Osakasayama-shi
country: Japan
facility: Kinki University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine
state: Osaka
city: Koto
country: Japan
facility: The Cancer Institute Hospital Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research
state: Tokyo
city: Minato-ku
country: Japan
facility: The University of Tokyo, The Institute of Medical Science
state: Tokyo
city: Shinjuku-ku
country: Japan
facility: Keio University Hospital
state: Tokyo
city: Shinjuku-ku
country: Japan
facility: Osaka City University Hospital
state: Tokyo
city: Chuo-ku, Tokyo
country: Japan
facility: National Cancer Center Hospital
city: Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo
country: Japan
facility: Tokyo Medical University Hospital
Study officials:
affiliation: Takeda
name: Medical Director
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Hanley MJ, Diderichsen PM, Narasimhan N, Srivastava S, Gupta N, Venkatakrishnan K. Population Pharmacokinetics of Ponatinib in Healthy Adult Volunteers and Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Model-Informed Dose Selection for Pediatric Development. J Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Apr;62(4):555-567. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1990. Epub 2021 Dec 16.
citation: Tojo A, Kyo T, Yamamoto K, Nakamae H, Takahashi N, Kobayashi Y, Tauchi T, Okamoto S, Miyamura K, Hatake K, Iwasaki H, Matsumura I, Usui N, Naoe T, Tugnait M, Narasimhan NI, Lustgarten S, Farin H, Haluska F, Ohyashiki K. Ponatinib in Japanese patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia, a phase 1/2 study. Int J Hematol. 2017 Sep;106(3):385-397. doi: 10.1007/s12185-017-2238-9. Epub 2017 Apr 25.