louisbrulenaudet/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Clinical trial NCT02796105: Progevera 10 mg® Versus Orgalutran® in Ovarian Stimulation Cycles of Oocyte Donors
Official title: Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Medroxiprogesterone Acetate (Progevera 10 mg®) Versus GnRh Antagonist (Orgalutran®) in Ovarian Stimulation Cycles of Oocyte Donors
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE4
Conditions: Infertility
Lead sponsor: Fundació Privada Eugin
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2016-06-10
Enrollment: 232
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 35
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: Evaluation of efficacy and safety of medroxiprogesterone acetate (Progevera 10 mg®) versus GnRh antagonist (Orgalutran®) in ovarian stimulation cycles of oocyte donors


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Oocyte donors included in the oocyte donation program of Clinica EUGIN.
* 1st oocyte donation cycle at Clínica EUGIN.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Polycistic Ovarian syndrome (PCOs).
* Estradiol levels on day 2 of menstrual cycle \>70 pg/ml.
* Hormone treatments up to 3 months before the oocyte donation cycle.
* Medical contraindication to the treatments used in the study

Primary outcomes:
measure: donor ovarian response
timeFrame: 1 month
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Barcelona
country: Spain
facility: Clinica Eugin
Study officials:
affiliation: Clinica Eugin
name: Rebeca Begueria, Dr
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Begueria R, Garcia D, Vassena R, Rodriguez A. Medroxyprogesterone acetate versus ganirelix in oocyte donation: a randomized controlled trial. Hum Reprod. 2019 May 1;34(5):872-880. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dez034.
Clinical trial NCT01671605: Mechanisms of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)-Induced Foam Cell Formation
Official title: Mechanisms of CKD-Induced Foam Cell Formation
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Chronic Kidney Disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Lead sponsor: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
First posted: 2012-08-23
Enrollment: 103
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: CASE_ONLY
Time perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients with CKD not on dialysis (CKD III-IV)

Controls with normal kidney function (Control)

Brief summary: There is currently little understanding of macrophage cholesterol homeostasis and foam cell formation across the spectrum of CKD. We hypothesize that an inverse relationship exist between the severity of CKD and processes underlying foam cell formation, and that the relationship becomes independent of serum lipoprotein levels as renal function declines. We propose to systematically examine scavenger receptors and cholesterol uptake as well as cholesterol transporters and efflux mechanisms in individuals with normal renal function, patients with moderate CKD. We further propose to determine if processed contributing to foam cell formation are related to the plasma lipid profile and if the relationship is modified by co-morbidities, such as diabetes, obesity, systemic inflammation which are common in this population and directly influence vascular integrity. These data will be critically important to understand when the abnormality starts and will provide crucial information.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

Patients with moderate degree of CKD, or patients with advanced CKD or control subjects with intact kidney function

Male or female

All ethnic groups

≥ 18 years and have signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

Pregnancy and current smoking

BMI \> 45

Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus

History of active or chronic hepatitis B, history of active or chronic hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

For moderate CKD subjects: nephrotic syndrome

For control subjects: nephrotic syndrome, patients with estimated GFR \< 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2, or proteinuria

Primary outcomes:
measure: In Vitro Lipoprotein Functions
timeFrame: Once, at enrollment
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Nashville
country: United States
facility: Vanderbilt Outpatient Dialysis Center
state: Tennessee
Study officials:
affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
name: Valentina Kon, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT02733705: Intravenous Propofol and Fentanyl vs Propofol for Sedation in TRUS Biopsy
Official title: A Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Combined Intravenous Propofol and Fentanyl Versus Intravenous Propofol Alone for Sedation in Patients Undergoing Transrectal Ultrasound-guided (TRUS) Prostate Biopsy
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE4
Conditions: Pain
Keywords: Pain
TRUS biopsy
Lead sponsor: Mahidol University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2016-04-11
Enrollment: 124
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Nowadays, TRUS biopsy become one of the most popular tests for diagnosis of prostate cancer. This procedure causes pain to the patients who does not received the sedative drugs or analgesic drugs. There are many ways to reduce pain and inconvenience for the patients, such as intravenous propofol, intravenous fentanyl etc. In Siriraj hospital, anesthesiologists usually give intravenous propofol with intravenous opioids but the visual analogue score after this procedure was average at 0.9-2.9. Furthermore, some systematic reviews have shown that there was no difference in pain score between periprostatic nerve block plus opioid and periprostatic nerve block only. So, this study is to find out whether opioids is need for TRUS biopsy.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age over 18 year
* Patient American society of anesthesiology physical status I-III.
* Scheduled for Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy
* BMI equal to or less than 30 kg/cm2

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known hypersensitivity to propofol or fentanyl
* History of bleeding tendency
* Known case of active anal or rectal disease
* Unable to rate pain score
* History of drug abuse
* Chronic opioid use

Primary outcomes:
measure: Pain assess using Numeric rating scale (NRS) score
timeFrame: 20 minutes
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of participants with hypoxia defined as oxygen saturation <92%
timeFrame: 60 minutes
measure: Number of participants with hypotension, defined as systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg
timeFrame: 60 minutes
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bangkok
country: Thailand
facility: Sirilak Suksompong
Study officials:
affiliation: Mahidol University
name: Sirilak Suksompong
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Suksompong S, Limratana P, Saengsomsuan N, Wongsawang N, Chaikittisilpa N. Propofol with or without fentanyl for pain relief after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate (TRUS-P) biopsy: a randomized controlled study. Braz J Anesthesiol. 2021 Jul-Aug;71(4):345-351. doi: 10.1016/j.bjane.2021.02.001. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Clinical trial NCT01659905: Bioequivalency Study of Montelukast Chewable 5 mg Tablets Under Fasted Conditions
Official title: A Single Dose, Two-Period, Two-Treatment, Two-Way Crossover Bioequivalence Study of Montelukast Sodium 5 mg Chewable Tablets Under Fasted Conditions
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: EARLY_PHASE1
Conditions: Asthma
Lead sponsor: West-Ward Pharmaceutical
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2012-08-08
Enrollment: 35
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 45
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The objective of this study was to prove the bioequivalence of Montelukast Chewable Tablet under fasted conditions.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* No clinically significant abnormal findings on the physical examination, medical history, or clinical laboratory results during screening

Exclusion Criteria:

* Positive test for HIV, Hepatitis B, or Hepatitis C.
* Treatment with known enzyme altering drugs.
* History of allergic or adverse response to montelukast or any comparable or similar product.

Primary outcomes:
measure: bioequivalence determined by statistical comparison Cmax
timeFrame: 9 days
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Fargo
country: United States
facility: PRACS Institute, Ltd.
state: North Dakota
Study officials:
affiliation: PRACS Institute, Ltd.
name: Alan K Copa, PharmD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT01276405: An Observational Study of Xeloda (Capecitabine) Monotherapy in Patients With Colorectal Cancer (AXEL)
Official title: The Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Capecitabine (Xeloda) Monotherapy in Patients With Colon Cancer Stage III (Duke C) Considering the Histopathology of the Tumour (AXEL)
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: TERMINATED
Conditions: Colorectal Cancer
Lead sponsor: Hoffmann-La Roche
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2011-01-13
Enrollment: 123
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients with colon cancer stage III (Duke C) on Xeloda monotherapy

Brief summary: This observational study will evaluate Xeloda (capecitabine) monotherapy on the effect of disease-free survival in patients with colon cancer stage III (Duke C) after surgical resection. Data will be collected for 3 years.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients, over the age of 18 years
* Presence of colon adenocarcinoma
* Surgical resection for colon cancer stage III (Duke C)
* Prior adjuvant therapy with Xeloda monotherapy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindications for Xeloda

Primary outcomes:
measure: Disease-free survival
timeFrame: 3 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Safety (Incidence of adverse events)
timeFrame: 3 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bucharest
country: Romania
Study officials:
affiliation: Hoffmann-La Roche
name: Clinical Trials
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT01026805: Clinical Evaluation of the Interlace Medical Hysteroscopic Morcellator
Official title: Retrospective Case Review - Clinical Evaluation of the Interlace Medical 1st Generation Hysteroscopic Morcellator
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Infertility
Keywords: morcellator
hysteroscope
myomectomy
polypectomy
uterine fibroids
Lead sponsor: Hologic, Inc.
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2009-12-04
Enrollment: 11
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Eleven (11) premenopausal women who had been treated with the new hysteroscopic morcellator to resect intrauterine pathology (polyps and submucous myomas).

Brief summary: This study assesses the effectiveness of intrauterine fibroid and polyp removal using the Interlace Medical 1st generation hysteroscopic morcellator device based on a retrospective review of medical records of women who have been treated with the device.

Detailed description: A retrospective review of medical records for eleven (11) premenopausal women who had been treated with the new hysteroscopic morcellator was conducted at four hospital or ambulatory surgical center sites. Four physicians performed hysteroscopic operative procedures to remove intrauterine polyps, type 0 (completely within the uterine cavity), type I (mostly within the cavity) and type II (\< 40% within the cavity) submucous myomas. Percent pathology removed, total morcellation time, total fluid used, fluid deficit and treatment-related adverse events were assessed. Each of the four treating physicians also evaluated device performance using a 10 point scale (1 = "poor" and 10 = "excellent").

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* female
* at least 18 years old
* treated for intra-uterine submucosal fibroids (Type 0 or 1 myomas and/or polyps using the Interlace 1st generation morcellator device.

Exclusion Criteria:

* none

Primary outcomes:
measure: Percentage of Tissue Removed
timeFrame: immediately post-treatment
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Treatment Time Per Patient
timeFrame: at time of treatment
measure: Fluid Volume Per Procedure
timeFrame: at time of treatment
measure: Fluid Deficit Per Procedure
timeFrame: at time of treatment
measure: Resected Tissue Weight Per Patient
timeFrame: at time of treatment
measure: Interlace Medical 1st Generation Hysteroscopic Morcellator Cutting Ability - Mean Score
timeFrame: 2-3 months post treatment
measure: Adverse Events
timeFrame: 2-3 months post-treatment
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
affiliation: Edward Hospital
name: Charles Miller, M.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT01167205: Positive Effects of Haematococcus Astaxanthin on Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile in Overweight and Obese Adults
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Healthy
Overweight
Obesity
Keywords: Healthy adults with BMI over 25.0 kg/m2
Lead sponsor: Seoul National University Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Ministry of Health & Welfare, Korea
First posted: 2010-07-22
Enrollment: 30
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 19
Maximum age (years): 55
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether astaxanthin (ASX) supplementation will reduce obesity-induced oxidative stress and improve lipid profile in overweight and obese adults.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with BMI over 25.0 kg/m2
* Non-smoker

Exclusion Criteria:

* Excessive alcohol consumption
* Pregnant or lactating women
* Dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, or other chronic diseases.
* Subjects who were taking vitamin supplements

Primary outcomes:
measure: Evaluation of the plasma MDA (malonaldehyde) level
timeFrame: 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Seoul
country: Korea, Republic of
facility: Clinical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT04152005: Endothelin Concentrations in a Population With Cardiovascular Disease and Periodonitis
Official title: Analysis of Endothelin Concentrations in a Population With Cardiovascular Disease and Periodontitis
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Serum; Disease
Lead sponsor: University of Messina
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-11-05
Enrollment: 165
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 21
Maximum age (years): 71
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: 34 patients with CP, 34 patients with CHD, 34 patients with CP+CHD, and 34 healthy subjects were finally enrolled

Brief summary: Recently, a key role played in the ethiology of periodontitis has been highlighted by a Endothelin (ET-1). ET1 possess the ability to express surface antigens of endothelial and hematopoietic stem cells and to assist in maintaining vascular integrity and the repair mechanism of the endothelium. ET originate from bone marrow

Detailed description: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between ET-1 in patients with periodontitis. Furthermore, the objective was to determine if the periodontal status influenced ET-1 levels.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Presence of at least 16 teeth
* CP with a minimum of 40% of sites with a clinical attachment level (CAL)

  ≥2mm and probing depth (PD) ≥4mm;
* Presence of at least ≥2 mm of crestal alveolar bone loss verified on digital periapical radiographs
* Presence of ≥40% sites with bleeding on probing (BOP)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Intake of contraceptives
* Intake of immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory drugs throughout the last three months prior to the study
* Status of pregnancy or lactation
* Previous history of excessive drinking
* Allergy to local anaesthetic
* Intake of drugs that may potentially determine gingival hyperplasia such as Hydantoin, Nifedipine, Cyclosporin A or similar drugs.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Evaluation of ET-1 levels
timeFrame: 1 year
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Messina
country: Italy
facility: University of Messina
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Messina
name: Giovanni Matarese
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT00005705: Adherence in the Childhood Asthma Management Program
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Asthma
Lung Diseases
Lead sponsor: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Sponsor class: NIH
Collaborators: name: National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)
First posted: 2000-05-26
Sex: MALE
Maximum age (years): 100
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Time perspective: RETROSPECTIVE

Brief summary: To evaluate three adherence promoting interventions within the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP), an eight center clinical trial that compared pediatric asthma therapies in children five to twelve years old.

Detailed description: BACKGROUND:

The success of any therapeutic intervention, whether preventive or curative, is ultimately dependent on the individual's adherence to treatment. Unfortunately, the failure of a large percentage of patients to adhere to prescribed medical regimens is a widely recognized and well documented phenomenon. It has been estimated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take their prescribed medications, and of those remaining, less than two-thirds take their medication as prescribed.

The study was part of a two grant initiative, "Evaluation of Adherence Interventions in Clinical Trials", developed by the Behavioral Medicine Branch staff and the Clinical Trials Branch staff and by members of the Clinical Applications and Prevention Advisory Committee Behavioral Medicine and Prevention Working Groups. The initiative, jointly sponsored by the NHLBI and the National Center for Nursing Research (NCNR), was released in September 1991 and awarded in September 1992.

DESIGN NARRATIVE:

All participants medication adherence was measured by self-report, canister weighing, and with the Nebulizer Chronolog, a microprocessor-based monitor of inhaler adherence that recorded the date and time of each inhaler use. The subjects were assigned to one of three adherence treatment groups; a control condition, an informed condition, and a feedback condition. Adherence outcomes were analyzed with respect to treatment assignment, as well as CAMP measures of asthma morbidity, pulmonary function, medication side effects, psychosocial development, and quality of life. Cost-effectiveness analyses were also conducted.

The study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the "End Date" entered in the Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS) record.

Eligibility criteria: No eligibility criteria

Primary outcomes:
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
citation: Wamboldt FS, Bender BG, O'Connor SL, Gavin LA, Wamboldt MZ, Milgrom H, Szefler SJ, Ikle D, Rand C. Reliability of the model MC-311 MDI chronolog. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Jul;104(1):53-7. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(99)70113-2.
Clinical trial NCT03149705: Cohort of Ischemic STROKE Patients
Official title: CoHort of Patients to Identify Biological and Imaging markerS of CardiovascUlar Outcomes in Stroke.
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Ischemic Stroke
Keywords: Ischemic stroke, stroke, bio-collection, Imaging markers, biomarkers, clinical outcomes
Lead sponsor: Hospices Civils de Lyon
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-05-11
Enrollment: 300
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Stroke patients

Brief summary: Ischemic stroke is the first cause of acquired disability of the adult, the second cause of dementia and the third cause of death in the industrialized countries, what constitutes à major public health issue. Stroke is characterized by a cerebral parenchymal lesion due to an ischemic mechanism (85% of the cases) or hemorrhagic mechanism (15%). For a long time, the only approved treatment was the intravenous thrombolysis (rt-PA). Recently, thrombectomy has proven its superiority in this pathology.

Cohorts of patients with stroke are rare but can be very valuable by their clinical, laboratory and imaging well documented. They are the source of new hypotheses for research or interventions as well as the quality of care assessment tool.

The main objective of this project is to identify new markers: biological and imaging, treatment response and prognosis after ischemic stroke.

Secondary objectives of the HIBISCUS-STROKE cohort are to establish a clinical database, completed by biological samples and by imaging data that can be used in the following areas:

* Descriptive epidemiology of ischemic stroke and cerebral reperfusion,
* Pharmacoepidemiology and treatments observatory: safety, efficacy, indication of treatment in real life, costs
* Assessment of the long-term effect of the treatment on the occurrence of disability, stroke recurrence and death,
* Quality of life and personal, familial, professional and social consequences of stroke,
* Research of new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers,
* Research projects.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age\> 18 years
* Ischemic Stroke confirmed by MRI
* Proximal arterial occlusion (ICA or M1)
* Eligible for thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients residing\> 50 km from the Pierre Wertheimer Hospital (Lyon, France)
* Inability to perform the first sample (H0)
* Patient with progressive or uncontrolled cancer.
* Refusal to participate in the study or to sign the consent
* Lack of medical social coverage
* Deprivation of civil rights

Primary outcomes:
measure: Degree of disability (mRS Score)
timeFrame: 5 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: infarct size
timeFrame: day 6
measure: Hemorrhagic transformation
timeFrame: 24 hours
measure: Neurological deficit
timeFrame: up to 5 years
measure: Quality of life
timeFrame: up to 5 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bron
country: France
facility: Hôpital neurologique Pierre Wertheimer (Lyon)
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT01854905: An Observational Study of Dry Eye Prior to Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) Therapy
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Dry Eye Syndromes
Lead sponsor: Allergan
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2013-05-16
Enrollment: 400
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: CASE_ONLY
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients consulting with ophthalmologist for possible LASIK

Brief summary: This is an observational, study of dry eye in patients at the consultation visit prior to LASIK surgery. There is no treatment administered or intervention during the study.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Attending an ophthalmology consultation for LASIK

Exclusion Criteria:

* None

Primary outcomes:
measure: Percentage of Patients in Each Category of the Dry Eye Workshop Severity (DEWS) Scale
timeFrame: Day 1
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Moscow
country: Russian Federation
Study officials:
affiliation: Allergan
name: Medical Director
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References: