Clinical trial NCT02674711: Study of Opioid Use After Lumbar and Cervical Spine Surgery
Official title: The Effect of a Brief Pre-operative Pain Medication Educational Video on Post-operative Prescription Opioid Medication Use in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Low Back Pain
Opiate Addiction
Neck Pain
Keywords: patient education
low back pain
post-surgical pain
chronic opioid use
Neck Pain
Lead sponsor: Brooke Army Medical Center
Sponsor class: FED
Collaborators: name: Baylor University
First posted: 2016-02-04
Enrollment: 120
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this project is to assess the impact of an educational video on the use of prescription opioid medication during a 6-month period following spine surgery. Subjects will be recruited from the pool of patients coming in for the pre-operative appointment prior to spine surgery. Patients that consent and enroll will be randomized to receive either a brief educational video at this appointment or usual care. Patients will be followed after surgery weekly for the first month, and then again at 6 months to determine their prescription opioid medication utilization patterns. Prescription data will also be pulled from electronic medical records.

Detailed description: After consenting, meeting inclusion criteria, and enrollment, all participants will complete several standard self-report questionnaires related to medical history, social demographic, and psychosocial variables that are related to low back pain, and often used in clinics that manage patients with low back pain. They will then be randomized to either receive the education, or only usual care (which is the typical information the surgeon provides the patient verbally during the pre-operative appointment). All patients will receive the usual care education from their surgeon.

Education Group:

The educational video is a white board style patient-centric video. The content of the education focus on providing a historical perspective for opioid prescription from the time when the risk of dependence was highly underestimated. The video discusses the current evidence for the effect of opioid medications in non-cancer on-acute pain. It also discusses some of the dangers of long-term opioid usage.

All Subjects:

All subjects will receive the usual care education that is typically given by their surgeon. That will be left up to the discretion of each surgeon.

All patients will proceed with the surgical procedure as planned. Each week during the 1-month period after the surgery, patients will be contacted, and then again at 6 months to ask history of prescription opioid utilization.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Currently scheduled for a pre-operative appointment with an orthopaedic spine surgeon or neurosurgeon specifically for a lumbar surgery.
2. Surgery is taking place for a condition that has been ongoing for 6 months or longer (chronic)
3. Between the age of 18 - 65 years
4. Read and speak English well enough to understand the education, provide informed consent and follow study instructions

Exclusion Criteria:

a. Known aversion or allergy that would prevent the patient from taking any opioid based pain medication

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of Opioid Medication Prescriptions
timeFrame: 12 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Modified Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) or Neck Disability Index (NDI)
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
timeFrame: 6 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: San Antonio
country: United States
facility: Brooke Army Medical Center
state: Texas
Study officials:
affiliation: Brooke Army Medical Center
name: Daniel Rhon, DPT, DSc
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Martell BA, O'Connor PG, Kerns RD, Becker WC, Morales KH, Kosten TR, Fiellin DA. Systematic review: opioid treatment for chronic back pain: prevalence, efficacy, and association with addiction. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Jan 16;146(2):116-27. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00006.
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citation: Lee D, Armaghani S, Archer KR, Bible J, Shau D, Kay H, Zhang C, McGirt MJ, Devin C. Preoperative Opioid Use as a Predictor of Adverse Postoperative Self-Reported Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Jun 4;96(11):e89. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.M.00865. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
citation: Chou R, Ballantyne JC, Fanciullo GJ, Fine PG, Miaskowski C. Research gaps on use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain: findings from a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society and American Academy of Pain Medicine clinical practice guideline. J Pain. 2009 Feb;10(2):147-59. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.10.007.
citation: Rhon DI, Greenlee TA, Mayhew R, Boyer C, Laugesen M, Roth J, Dowd TC, Gill NW. Engaging Education About Risks of Opioid Use With Patients Before Elective Surgery of the Lower Extremity Did Not Reduce Postoperative Opioid Utilization: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2022 Apr 1;30(7):e649-e657. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-21-00603.