Clinical trial NCT03149042: Validation of a Computed Tomography (CT) Based Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) Software Using the 320 Detector Aquilion ONE CT Scanner.
Official title: Validation of a Computed Tomography (CT) Based Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) Software Using the 320 Detector Aquilion ONE CT Scanner.
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Atherosclerosis, Coronary
Keywords: FFR
Fractional Flow Reserve
Atherosclerosis
Coronary
stenosis
Lead sponsor: State University of New York at Buffalo
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-05-11
Enrollment: 75
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients who are (1) scheduled for clinically mandated elective invasive coronary angiography (ICA) at Buffalo General Hospital or Juntendo Hospital Japan (2) clinically mandated CTA will be screened.

Brief summary: Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) contrast opacification gradients and FFR-CT estimation can aid in the severity estimation of significant atherosclerotic lesions. Currently, FFR-CT algorithms can only be optimized using theoretical models and can only be validated in large multi-center clinical trials. Using patient specific 3D printed coronary phantoms would allow optimization of FFR-CT algorithms with a measured validation technique without the need for large clinical trials. Thus the investigators believe that this study will result in a FFR-CT algorithm/method with a better predictability for arterial lesion severity than those existing on the market today. Flow measurements will be compared with: CT-FFR for both patients and phantoms, angio lab FFR measurements and 30 days follow-up. This pilot clinical study includes \~50 patients over a year and half at GVI.

Detailed description: Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) contrast opacification gradients and FFR-CT estimation can aid in the severity estimation of significant atherosclerotic lesions. Following this trend, the investigators recently developed a collaboration between Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) and Gates Vascular Institute (GVI). The investigators 3D-printed patient specific coronary phantoms at (GVI) and scanned them with a Toshiba Aquilion scanner to test several aspects of the contrast opacification gradients using a method established at BWH. The initial results showed strong correlation between the flow in the phantom and opacification gradients. The investigators believe that this approach could be further developed to test and validate FFR-CT algorithms. Currently, FFR-CT algorithms can only be optimized using theoretical models and can only be validated in large multi-center clinical trials. This phantom approach would allow optimization of FFR-CT algorithms with a measured validation technique without the need for large clinical trials. Thus the investigators believe that this study will result in a FFR-CT algorithm/method with a better predictability for arterial lesion severity than those existing on the market today. The approach is to use the infrastructure at GVI to perform a detailed validation of the FFR-CT method using 3D printed patient specific phantoms. The subject enrollment criteria is: at least one CCTA, at least one lesion with \>50% stenosis or 30-50% and an angio based FFR. Each patient will have a 3D phantom printed, containing the culprit lesion and used in a benchtop flow analysis. Flow measurements will be compared with: CT-FFR for both patients and phantoms, angio lab FFR measurements and 30 days follow-up. This pilot clinical study will include \~50 patients over a year and half at GVI. The investigators are confident that this approach performed via 3D-phantom testing will prove the validity of FFR-CT based measurements as well as develop a new standard for validating FFR-CT algorithms.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* All the patients \>18 yrs of age , who are undergoing CCTA and angio-FFR. Patients who are (1) scheduled for clinically mandated elective invasive coronary angiography (ICA) at Buffalo General Hospital or (2) clinically mandated CTA will be screened.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Adults unable to consent
* Individuals who are not yet adults (infants, children, teenagers)
* Pregnant women
* Prisoners
* atrial fibrillation,
* Renal insufficiency (estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2),
* Active Bronchospasm prohibiting the use of beta blockers
* Morbid obesity (body mass index 40 kg/m2)
* Contraindications to iodinated contrast.
* Emergencies requiring immediate intervention or patients unable to consent.
* Patients not showing coronary calcium during Calcium Scoring procedures

Primary outcomes:
measure: Comparison of CT Based FFR With Invasive FFR, ROC Analysis
timeFrame: 24 hours
measure: Comparison of CT Based FFR With Invasive FFR, Correlation Analysis
timeFrame: 24 hours
measure: Comparison of CT Based FFR With Invasive FFR, Sensitivity
timeFrame: 24 hours
measure: Comparison of CT Based FFR With Invasive FFR, Specificity
timeFrame: 24 hours
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Comparison of CT Based FFR With Bench-top FFR Using 3D Printed Patient Specific Phantoms
timeFrame: 4 weeks from baseline
measure: Comparison of Bench-top FFR Using 3D Printed Patient Specific Phantoms With Invasive FFR, ROC Analysis
timeFrame: 4 weeks from baseline
measure: Comparison of Bench-top FFR Using 3D Printed Patient Specific Phantoms With Invasive FFR, Pearson Correlation
timeFrame: 4 weeks from baseline
measure: Comparison of Bench-top FFR Using 3D Printed Patient Specific Phantoms With Invasive FFR, Sensitivity
timeFrame: 4 weeks from baseline
measure: Comparison of Bench-top FFR Using 3D Printed Patient Specific Phantoms With Invasive FFR, Specificity
timeFrame: 4 weeks from baseline
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Buffalo
country: United States
facility: Clinical and Translational Research Center Room 8052
state: New York
Study officials:
References:
citation: Sommer K, Izzo RL, Shepard L, Podgorsak AR, Rudin S, Siddiqui AH, Wilson MF, Angel E, Said Z, Springer M, Ionita CN. Design Optimization for Accurate Flow Simulations in 3D Printed Vascular Phantoms Derived from Computed Tomography Angiography. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2017 Feb 11;10138:101380R. doi: 10.1117/12.2253711. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
citation: Ionita, C., Angel, E., Mitsouras, D., Rudin, S., Bednarek, D., Zaid, S., Wilson, M. and Rybicki, F. (2016), TU-H-CAMPUS-IeP2-03: Development of 3D Printed Coronary Phantoms for In-Vitro CT-FFR Validation Using Data from 320- Detector Row Coronary CT Angiography. Med. Phys., 43: 3781. doi:10.1118/1.4957681
citation: Kelsey N. Sommer, Lauren M. Shepard, Vijay Iyer, Erin Angel, Michael F. Wilson, Frank J. Rybicki, Dimitrios Mitsouras, Kanako Kunishima Kumamaru, Stephen Rudin, and Ciprian N. Ionita. Comparison of benchtop pressure gradient measurements in 3D printed patient specific cardiac phantoms with CT-FFR and computational fluid dynamic simulations, Proc. SPIE 10953, Medical Imaging 2019: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging, 109531P (15 March 2019);
citation: Shepard LM, Sommer KN, Angel E, Iyer V, Wilson MF, Rybicki FJ, Mitsouras D, Molloi S, Ionita CN. Initial evaluation of three-dimensionally printed patient-specific coronary phantoms for CT-FFR software validation. J Med Imaging (Bellingham). 2019 Apr;6(2):021603. doi: 10.1117/1.JMI.6.2.021603. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
citation: Sommer KN, Shepard L, Karkhanis NV, Iyer V, Angel E, Wilson MF, Rybicki FJ, Mitsouras D, Rudin S, Ionita CN. 3D Printed Cardiovascular Patient Specific Phantoms Used for Clinical Validation of a CT-derived FFR Diagnostic Software. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2018 Feb;10578:105780J. doi: 10.1117/12.2292736. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
citation: Shepard L, Sommer K, Izzo R, Podgorsak A, Wilson M, Said Z, Rybicki FJ, Mitsouras D, Rudin S, Angel E, Ionita CN. Initial Simulated FFR Investigation Using Flow Measurements in Patient-specific 3D Printed Coronary Phantoms. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2017 Feb 11;10138:101380S. doi: 10.1117/12.2253889. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
citation: Kelsey N. Sommer, Lauren M. Shepard, Vijay Iyer, Erin Angel, Michael F. Wilson, Frank J. Rybicki, Dimitrios Mitsouras, Ciprian Ionita. Study of the effect of boundary conditions on fractional flow reserve using patient specific coronary phantoms. Proceedings Volume 11317, Medical Imaging 2020: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging; 113171J (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2548472
citation: Sommer KN, Shepard LM, Mitsouras D, Iyer V, Angel E, Wilson MF, Rybicki FJ, Kumamaru KK, Sharma UC, Reddy A, Fujimoto S, Ionita CN. Patient-specific 3D-printed coronary models based on coronary computed tomography angiography volumes to investigate flow conditions in coronary artery disease. Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2020 May 14;6(4):045007. doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab8f6e.
citation: Kumamaru KK, Angel E, Sommer KN, Iyer V, Wilson MF, Agrawal N, Bhardwaj A, Kattel SB, Kondziela S, Malhotra S, Manion C, Pogorzelski K, Ramanan T, Sawant AC, Suplicki MM, Waheed S, Fujimoto S, Sharma UC, Rybicki FJ, Ionita CN. Inter- and Intraoperator Variability in Measurement of On-Site CT-derived Fractional Flow Reserve Based on Structural and Fluid Analysis: A Comprehensive Analysis. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2019 Aug 29;1(3):e180012. doi: 10.1148/ryct.2019180012. eCollection 2019 Aug.