Clinical trial NCT03985397: Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Official title: Evaluation of the Effect of Planned Discharge Training on Health Knowledge and Beliefs on Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases
Keywords: discharge training
acute myocardial infarction
compliance to drug
compliance to diet
CARRF-KL.
Lead sponsor: Celal Bayar University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-06-13
Enrollment: 100
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 75
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: The patients were randomly assigned to the intervention (50 patients) and control groups (50 patients) by lot according to the protocol numbers that are even and odd numbers (even numbers; the intervention group, odd numbers; the control group).
Primary purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Brief summary: Aims and objectives The aim of this study was to determine whether planned discharge training given by the nurse has an impact on beliefs about cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge level, compliance to drug therapy, compliance to diet and self- monitoring in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Background: Increasing frequency of AMI, discharge of patients without discharge training cause recurrence of the disease and death.

Design: This study was done experimentally randomized controlled. Methods: The sample of the study includes 100 patients who were hospitalized due to AMI between September 2016 and December 2017 in coronary intensive care unit and cardiology department. The patients were divided into two groups according to random sampling method: intervention (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. Planned discharge training was given to the intervention group. Two interviews were conducted with each group with a one month break. The data of the research were collected by using the Patient Information Form, Beliefs about Medication Compliance Scale (BMCS), Beliefs about Dietary Compliance Scale (BDCS) and Beliefs about Self-Monitoring Scale (BSMS) and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF-KL) Scale.

Detailed description: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality in all populations nowadays. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered to be the first cause of all deaths in the world. In 2017, 31% of the worldwide deaths (17.7 million) were caused by cardiovascular diseases. 80% of cardiovascular diseases are related to myocardial infarction (MI). It is thought that deaths due to cardiovascular diseases will reach 23.6 million in 2030.

Myocardial infarction is an irreversible heart muscle necrosis caused by prolonged ischemia. There are many factors that are effective in the formation of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is significant to know these factors that pose a risk to protection from this disease. Some of the risk factors can be changed and others include factors that are not possible to change. Risk factors that cannot be changed include individual features which are impossible to change; gender, age, family history, and presence of ACS in the history, biochemical or physiological features. In addition, risk factors that can be changed include obesity, low HDL-cholesterol level, high blood pressure, thrombogenic factors, hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus, high plasma cholesterol, high plasma triglyceride level, stress, cholesterol-rich and high-calorie eating habits, smoking, consuming excess alcohol and sedentary life.

In patients with myocardial infarction, the mortality rate was 10% in the first years and 5% in the following years. Nurses play a significant role in the development, maintenance and prevention of diseases. Individuals with cardiovascular diseases should be given appropriate training before being discharged from the hospital. Training plan in patient/family education should be planned according to individual's readiness to learn, learning needs, education levels and previous experiences.

In the context of an effective training: in addition to basic information such as giving necessary information about the disease, cardiovascular risk factors and ways to reduce them, the importance of life change (drug use, healthy nourishment, smoking cessation, physical activity, etc.), regular policlinic control and guidance to cardiac rehabilitation program; information to meet the basic needs of the individual (return to work after MI, sexual life, housework, travel, driving, etc.) should be included. It is stated that the healing processes of the patients who are given discharge training have accelerated, and the number of recurrent applications to the hospital/policlinic has decreased and accordingly the patient care costs have decreased and the quality of care has increased.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Acute myocardial infarction
* Discharge planned
* Minimal literacy
* 18-75 years of age
* No cancer or psychiatric diagnosis
* Not previously trained
* Being willing to participate in research

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who had myocardial infarction,
* İntubated, who had been intubated,
* were treated in other services due to additional diseases such as GIS bleeding, pneumonia, etc. after myocardial infarction,
* patients who had myocardial infarction and returned to their own services after treatment,
* who wanted to be transferred to another hospital while they were receiving treatment after myocardial infarction,
* who wanted to go to another hospital for an outpatient appointment,
* who did not want to come to polyclinic control from another city caused data loss.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Beliefs about Medication Compliance Scale
timeFrame: 5-10 minutes
measure: Beliefs about Dietary Compliance Scale
timeFrame: 5-10 minutes
measure: Beliefs about Self-Monitoring Scale
timeFrame: 5-10 minutes
measure: Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level Scale.
timeFrame: 5-10 minutes
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References: