Clinical trial NCT03305107: High-intensity Interval Exercise and Chocolate Milk on Blood Glucose and Cognition
Official title: The Effects of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Chocolate Milk on Glycemic Control and Cognitive Function in Children.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Glycemic Response
Cognitive Function
Keywords: Child
Exercise
Chocolate milk
Blood glucose
Cognition
Appetite
Emotions
Cortisol
Lead sponsor: Toronto Metropolitan University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-10-09
Enrollment: 20
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 9
Maximum age (years): 13
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine the separate and combined effects of high-intensity interval exercise and chocolate milk on glycemic response, cognitive function, subjective appetite, and salivary cortisol among children aged 9-13 year old children.

Detailed description: Twenty children 9-13 years of age will be recruited for this study. On four separate mornings, after a 10 hour overnight fast, each child will consume a standardized breakfast (including orange juice, a strawberry breakfast bar and a pear fruit cup) at home. Using a 2x2 factorial design, 2 hours after breakfast consumption, each participant will arrive in the lab (T=-20 min) and participate in high-intensity interval exercise or sit quietly for 20 min, followed by a treatment drink of chocolate milk or water (control) consumption in 10 min. During high-intensity interval exercise treatment, children will exercise on a cycle ergometer with a 3-min warm-up, 7 repeated bouts of 60-sec exercise at 90% of peak power output and 60-second recovery, and a 3-min cool down. Blood glucose will be measured via finger-prick at baseline (-20 min), 10, 30, 60, and 90 min. Cognitive functions will be measured using a battery of cognitive tests which assess verbal declarative memory, working memory, and executive functioning, and will be measured at baseline, 10. 30. 60, and 90 min. Subjective appetite and emotions will be measured using a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline, 10, 30, 60, and 90 min. Salivary cortisol will be assessed from saliva samples collected using the passive drool method, and will be collected at baseline, 10 and 30 min.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* be between 9 and 13 years of age
* be healthy, and have been born at term
* not be taking any medications
* not have allergies to dairy or gluten.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Food sensitivities, allergies, or dietary restrictions
* Health, learning, emotional, or behavioural problems
* Receiving any medications
* Non-habitual breakfast eater (\<5 days/week)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change from baseline Glycemic Response
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline verbal declarative memory
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline working memory
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline executive functioning
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change from baseline salivary cortisol response
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10 and 30 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change form baseline Subjective Appetite
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline aggression
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline anger
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline excitement
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline disappointment
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline happiness
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline upset
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change form baseline frustration
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline alertness
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline sadness
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline tension
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline exhaustion
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
measure: Change from baseline sleepiness
timeFrame: baseline (-20 min), and 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post-drink consumption
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Toronto
country: Canada
facility: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University
state: Ontario
Study officials:
affiliation: School of Nutrition, Ryerson University
name: Nick Bellissimo, PHD
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Kucab M, Bellissimo N, Prusky C, Brett NR, Totosy de Zepetnek JO. Effects of a high-intensity interval training session and chocolate milk on appetite and cognitive performance in youth aged 9-13 years. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jan;75(1):172-179. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-00718-z. Epub 2020 Aug 19.