Clinical trial NCT05264909: Assessment of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Auditory Stimulation During Walking in Parkinson Patients
Official title: Assessment of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Auditory Stimulation During Walking in Parkinson Patients
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Parkinson Disease
Keywords: transcranial direct current stimulation
auditory stimulation
gait analisys
Parkinson Disease
Lead sponsor: Corporación de Rehabilitación Club de Leones Cruz del Sur
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Colombian School of Engineering Julio Garavito
name: Universidad del Rosario
First posted: 2022-03-03
Enrollment: 5
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Parkinson's disease affects 1 in 100 people over the age of 60. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive disease of the nervous system that affects movement, produced by the destruction of dopaminergic neurons found in a region of the brain called the basal ganglia Over time, different strategies have been developed to treat and slow the progress of the disease, including pharmacological, rehabilitative and even surgical treatments.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a brain stimulation technique that delivers a low-intensity electrical current to the scalp, usually between 1 and 2 mA over approximately 5 to 30 minutes. The tDCS technique is used with the aim of enhancing a specific brain activity through the neuromodulation of neuronal excitability. In pathologies such as PD, these therapies have been shown to induce immediate after-effects in the brain that translate into reduced gait freezing and improvements in executive function and mobility. In addition, the combined effects of tDCS and physical therapy on the walking ability of PD patients have been studied, where it was shown that anodic tDCS and physiotherapy could be used as a combination treatment to improve patients' gait speed.

Another potential therapeutic tool in the treatment of PD consists of the use of sound stimulation with beat frequencies similar to the step. Specifically, this technology is characterized by presenting two tones of different frequencies for each ear in order to influence the mood and mental performance of the listener.

This protocol is proposed in order to evaluate the effect of tDCS combined with auditory and binaural stimulus strategies during gait therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Detailed description: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Parkinson's disease affects 1 in 100 people over the age of 60. Currently, there are about 7 million people with this disease in the world and the WHO predicts that by 2030 they will reach more than 12 million.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive disease of the nervous system that affects movement, produced by the destruction of dopaminergic neurons found in a region of the brain called the basal ganglia. This disease usually affects people over 60 years of age, whose symptoms worsen as the disease progresses and in many cases the ability to function in everyday situations is greatly affected. Due to decreased levels of dopamine, motor symptoms such as tremor, stiffness, slowness of movement, postural instability and other non-motor symptoms such as depression, hallucinations, insomnia and dysfunction of the autonomous organic systems, for example, digestion and blood pressure, as well as alteration in the expression of emotions. Over time, different strategies have been developed to treat and slow the progress of the disease, including pharmacological, rehabilitative and even surgical treatments.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a brain stimulation technique that delivers a low-intensity electrical current to the scalp, usually between 1 and 2 mA over approximately 5 to 30 minutes. During tDCS, most people feel a slight tingling, pricking, itching or warmth, however, these sensations are not painful and disappear when the stimulation is stopped. The tDCS technique is used with the aim of enhancing a specific brain activity through the neuromodulation of neuronal excitability. In pathologies such as PD, these therapies have been shown to induce immediate after-effects in the brain that translate into reduced gait freezing and improvements in executive function and mobility. In addition, the combined effects of tDCS and physical therapy on the walking ability of PD patients have been studied, where it was shown that anodic tDCS and physiotherapy could be used as a combination treatment to improve patients' gait speed.

Another potential therapeutic tool in the treatment of PD consists of the use of sound stimulation with beat frequencies similar to the step. Sounds, mainly rhythm, have also been shown to improve gait characteristics (speed, time and cadence of passage) and eliminate frozen gait, characteristic in this type of population. Sound strategies such as Binaural Beats (BBs) improve the ability of upper and lower limb movements in PD patients. Specifically, this technology is characterized by presenting two tones of different frequencies for each ear in order to influence the mood and mental performance of the listener. In accordance with the above, this protocol is proposed in order to evaluate the effect of tDCS combined with auditory and binaural stimulus strategies during gait therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Parkinson Disease
* Both gender
* Informed consent accepted
* Adults

Exclusion Criteria:

* Mental diseases
* Injuries in the scalp skin
* Inflammatory tegumentary diseases
* Migraines
* Pregnancy

Primary outcomes:
measure: Gait Deviation Index Baseline
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Gait Deviation Index Post-Intervention
timeFrame: 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Power spectral density in the frequency of motor imagery from primary motor cortex Baseline
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Power spectral density in the frequency of motor imagery from primary motor cortex Post-Intervention
timeFrame: 8 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Punta Arenas
country: Chile
facility: Corporación de Rehabilitación Club de Leones Cruz del Sur
state: XII Región
Study officials:
affiliation: Corporación de Rehabilitacion Club de Leones Cruz del Sur
name: Patricio E Barría Aburto, MSc.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Areas FZDS, Nakamura-Palacios EM, Boening A, Areas GPT, Nascimento LR. Does neuromodulation transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) associated with peripheral stimulation through exercise to walk have an impact on falls in people with Parkinson's disease? Med Hypotheses. 2020 Nov;144:109916. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109916. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
citation: Dagan M, Herman T, Harrison R, Zhou J, Giladi N, Ruffini G, Manor B, Hausdorff JM. Multitarget transcranial direct current stimulation for freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2018 Apr;33(4):642-646. doi: 10.1002/mds.27300. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
citation: Yotnuengnit P, Bhidayasiri R, Donkhan R, Chaluaysrimuang J, Piravej K. Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Plus Physical Therapy on Gait in Patients With Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2018 Jan;97(1):7-15. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000783.
citation: Ghai S, Ghai I, Schmitz G, Effenberg AO. Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing on parkinsonian gait: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 11;8(1):506. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16232-5.
citation: Brabenec L, Klobusiakova P, Barton M, Mekyska J, Galaz Z, Zvoncak V, Kiska T, Mucha J, Smekal Z, Kostalova M, Rektorova I. Non-invasive stimulation of the auditory feedback area for improved articulation in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2019 Apr;61:187-192. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.10.011. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
citation: Galvez G, Recuero M, Canuet L, Del-Pozo F. Short-Term Effects of Binaural Beats on EEG Power, Functional Connectivity, Cognition, Gait and Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Neural Syst. 2018 Jun;28(5):1750055. doi: 10.1142/S0129065717500551. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
citation: Costa-Ribeiro A, Maux A, Bosford T, Aoki Y, Castro R, Baltar A, Shirahige L, Moura Filho A, Nitsche MA, Monte-Silva K. Transcranial direct current stimulation associated with gait training in Parkinson's disease: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Dev Neurorehabil. 2017 Apr;20(3):121-128. doi: 10.3109/17518423.2015.1131755. Epub 2016 Feb 10.
citation: Galli M, Cimolin V, De Pandis MF, Schwartz MH, Albertini G. Use of the Gait Deviation index for the evaluation of patients with Parkinson's disease. J Mot Behav. 2012;44(3):161-7. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2012.664180. Epub 2012 Mar 28.
citation: Stuart S, Wagner J, Makeig S, Mancini M. Brain Activity Response to Visual Cues for Gait Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: An EEG Study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2021 Nov;35(11):996-1009. doi: 10.1177/15459683211041317. Epub 2021 Sep 10.