Clinical trial NCT05761197: Oropharyngeal Candidiasis (OPC) and S-ECC
Official title: Association Between Early Candida Infection (Oral Thrush) and Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC)
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Conditions: Candida Infection
Oral Thrush
Early Childhood Caries
Keywords: Oral candidiasis
Candida infection
Oral thrush
Early childhood caries
Oral Health
Lead sponsor: Temple University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
First posted: 2023-03-09
Enrollment: 70
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 9
Maximum age (years): 15
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: The study team will recruit 70 subjects (35 subjects with a history of OPC and 35 subjects without a history of OPC) for this study.

Brief summary: The overall objective of this study is to investigate the association of early Candida infection (known as oral thrush or oropharyngeal candidiasis, OPC) in children during the first year of life with the onset and severity of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC).

Detailed description: The overall goal of this study is to conduct a longitudinal observational study to investigate the association of early OPC with the onset and severity of S-ECC to better understand the role of Candida (particularly C. albicans) in severe childhood caries. The investigators will test the hypothesis that OPC is associated with S-ECC by modifying the plaque microbiota and enhancing virulence in a manner that is conducive to the early development of the disease.

For this study, a total of 70 infants (aged 9-15-month-old) with or without a history of OPC in their first year of life will be enrolled, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects will have their medical/dental history reviewed from medical records. At each study visit (Baseline, 6-month, 12-month, 18-month, and 24-month follow-ups), an oral examination including soft tissue and caries exam will be performed by a calibrated evaluator. Dental plaque/oral swab samples will be collected at each study visit. In addition, a comprehensive survey including demographic status, oral hygiene, diet, delivery, and feeding method as well as current medication usage will also be collected.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female individuals at the age of 9-15-month-old
* Must have at least one fully erupted tooth at baseline visit
* Parent/guardian willing and able to provide informed consent
* With or without a history of OPC (the study team will enroll 35 participants with and 35 participants without a history of OPC)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of a systemic medical condition (e.g. Down syndrome etc.)
* Presence of an orofacial deformity
* Presence of dental caries
* Use of systemic antimicrobial therapy within 30 days of the baseline visit
* Presence of any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, makes participation in the project not in the individual's best interest.

Primary outcomes:
measure: To explore the association between OPC and S-ECC onset and severity
timeFrame: 24 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: To evaluate the influence of OPC on the oral microbiota
timeFrame: 24 months
Other outcomes:
measure: To study the role of Candida on biofilm cariogenic properties
timeFrame: 24 months
Locations:
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: Temple University
state: Pennsylvania
Study officials:
affiliation: Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry
name: Yuan Liu, DDS, MS, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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