Clinical trial NCT06504771: Clinical and Laboratory Patterns of Pediatric Gross Hematuria
Official title: Clinical and Laboratory Patterns of Pediatric Gross Hematuria in Sohag University Hospital
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Conditions: Hematuria
Keywords: Gross hematuria
Lead sponsor: Sohag University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-07-17
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 1
Maximum age (years): 16
Standard ages: CHILD
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: patients with gross hematuria at The pediatric department and pediatric nephrology outpatient clinic at Sohag University hospital, Sohag, Egypt

Brief summary: Study the demographic, clinical, laboratory and etiological profile of children with gross hematuria and trace the outcome of these patients for at least 3 months follow up.

Detailed description: Gross hematuria is a scary but common medical problem in children. This condition is considered one of the most important manifestations of kidney and urinary tract diseases. When colour of urine with blood is reddish, brown or dark or cola coloured, the condition is called as macroscopic (gross) hematuria. However, blood in urine may not always be visible to the naked eye, when it is called as microscopic hematuria.

This condition can be transient, intermittent or persistent and it may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Hematuria originating from glomerulus is almost never bright red but usually brown, tea coloured or cola coloured. In contrary, hematuria originating from the lower urinary tract is usually pink or red in colour.

Pigments and other compounds in certain foods (including beets, berries, and food colourings) and drugs (sulfonamides, rifampicin, ibuprofen, salicylates, phenothiazines, metronidazole, phenolphthalein, chloroquine, deferoxamine, etc.) can change the colour of urine that is called false hematuria.

The causes of hematuria are very diverse, ranging from simple urinary tract infections with rapid recovery to mechanical trauma and severe glomerulonephritis with rapid decline in kidney function, it is essential to recognize the underlying disease and treat it accordingly.

The causes of gross hematuria may be categorized to whether the hematuria is glomerular or non-glomerular in origin. This distinction can be determined by microscopic examination of the urine to detect dysmorphic or monomorphic red blood cells in glomerular and non-glomerular hematuria, respectively. Although glomerular diseases are nearly always associated with some degree of hematuria, gross hematuria as a presenting manifestation is more commonly encountered with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis and IgA nephropathy. Non-glomerular hematuria is most often associated with renal stones, tumours, idiopathic hypercalciuria, bacterial or viral urinary tract infection, urolithiasis and structural anomalies of the urinary tract.

It is essential to establish the cause and origin of hematuria in each case through proper history, clinical features and investigations including laboratory, radiological studies and/or percutaneous renal biopsy in some cases. But at the same time, it is important that the pediatrician is aware what any of such procedures might be helpful in establishing a proper diagnosis.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* lnvestigators will include all patients complaining of gross hematuria between the ages of 1 month up to 16 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Children with external perineal or genital region bleeding which may falsely cause presence of blood in urine samples.
* Patients whose legal guardians will refuse participation in the study.
* Patients with follow up for less than 3 months.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Investigate the creatinine level of the studied cases
timeFrame: three months
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Sohag
country: Egypt
facility: Faculty of Medicine,Sohag University
Study officials:
affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Sohag university, Egypt
name: Abdelrahim Sadek, Professor
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Sohag university, Egypt
name: Ghada A Abd-Elrehim, Lecturer
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References: