Clinical trial NCT04469361: The Effect of Training on Hemodynamic Factors in Ballet Dancer
Official title: The Effect of Ballet Training on Plantar Venous Pump Activity in Ballerinas
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Venous Insufficiency
Foot Drop (Acquired)
Lead sponsor: Marmara University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2020-07-14
Enrollment: 28
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 14
Maximum age (years): 19
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: OTHER
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Ballerinas taking ballet training at least for 4 years and female sedentary students

Brief summary: Classic ballet dance is a demonstration of complex motor skills to be revealed in aesthetic combinations and repetitively, and it demands intensive use of the lower extremities within extreme of range of motion (ROM). Because ballet practice depends on advanced technical skills, it involves intensive physical training and causes an overload on the musculoskeletal system and foot deformities such as pes planus.

Plantar venous pump (PVP) is a network of multiple venous vessels located between the muscles of the foot arch. PVP is considered the first step of venous return and discharges into the posterior tibial vein (PTV). PVP is reported to be active during gait while it is inactive in resting position. There are different views on the mechanisms enabling its activation 1-3. The general view is that during the stance phase of the gait, the flattening of the plantar arch with weight transfer causes the veins in this region to narrow and creates a force that pumps the blood up.

The aim of this study is the investigation what kind of hemodynamic changes ballet training causes in the lower extremity


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria (for balerinas):

* receiving ballet training at least 10 h per week for at least 4 years
* receiving formal dancing training system

Inclusion Criteria (for non-dancer group)

* never receiving formal dancing training
* having sedentary lifestyle

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants with a history of foot or ankle surgery,
* Participants with connective tissue disease,
* Participants with rigid pes planus-cavus,
* Participants with chronic venous insufficiency
* Participants with acute ankle injury in recent 3 months

Primary outcomes:
measure: Evaluation of navicular drop
timeFrame: Cchange from baseline navicular height in pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention/
measure: Evaluation of diameter of tibialis posterior vein in supine
timeFrame: Change from baseline diameter of tibialis posterior vein during intervention
measure: Evaluation of flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein in supine
timeFrame: Change from baseline flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein during intervention
measure: Evaluation of volume flow of tibialis posterior vein in supine
timeFrame: Change from baseline volume flow of tibialis posterior vein during intervention
measure: Evaluation of diameter of tibialis posterior vein during weight bearing
timeFrame: Change from baseline diameter of tibialis posterior during intervention
measure: Evaluation of flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein during weight bearing
timeFrame: Change from baseline flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein during intervention
measure: Evaluation of volume flow of tibialis posterior vein during weight bearing
timeFrame: Change from baseline volume flow of tibialis posterior vein during intervention
measure: Evaluation of midfoot plantar pressure during weight bearing
timeFrame: Change from baseline midfoot pressure during intervention
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Istanbul
country: Turkey
facility: Marmara University
Study officials:
affiliation: Marmara University
name: Nilüfer Kablan, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Guss-West C, Wulf G. Attentional Focus in Classical Ballet: A Survey Of Professional Dancers. J Dance Med Sci. 2016 Mar;20(1):23-9. doi: 10.12678/1089-313X.20.1.23.
citation: Allen N, Nevill A, Brooks J, Koutedakis Y, Wyon M. Ballet injuries: injury incidence and severity over 1 year. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Sep;42(9):781-90. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2012.3893. Epub 2012 Jul 19.
citation: Gardner AM, Fox RH. The venous pump of the human foot--preliminary report. Bristol Med Chir J. 1983 Jul;98(367):109-12. No abstract available.
citation: Kim TI, Forbang NI, Criqui MH, Allison MA. Association of foot and ankle characteristics with progression of venous disease. Vasc Med. 2015 Apr;20(2):105-11. doi: 10.1177/1358863X14568443.
citation: Pearson SJ, Whitaker AF. Footwear in classical ballet: a study of pressure distribution and related foot injury in the adolescent dancer. J Dance Med Sci. 2012;16(2):51-6.
citation: Khan K, Brown J, Way S, Vass N, Crichton K, Alexander R, Baxter A, Butler M, Wark J. Overuse injuries in classical ballet. Sports Med. 1995 May;19(5):341-57. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199519050-00004.