Clinical trial NCT05698498: Silicon Valley Guaranteed Income Project
Official title: Silicon Valley Guaranteed Income Project
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Families Experiencing Homelessness and/or Housing Instability
Keywords: Homelessness
Homeless persons
Lead sponsor: University of California, San Francisco
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Destination: Home SV
name: Sí Se Puede Collective
name: Sacred Heart Community Service
name: County of Santa Clara Office of Supportive Housing
First posted: 2023-01-26
Enrollment: 300
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about how unconditional cash payments equivalent to $1,000 for 24 months (also called 'guaranteed income') might help families experiencing homelessness and/or unstable housing in Santa Clara County, California.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. What is the impact of guaranteed income on homelessness and housing stability among families experiencing homelessness or housing instability?
2. What is the impact of guaranteed income on the health and well-being of families experiencing homelessness or housing instability?
3. In terms of size and frequency of cash payments, do families prefer monthly recurrent payments ($1,000/month) vs a larger up front amount followed by smaller monthly payments ($6,500/month, then $500/month)? Is one payment strategy more helpful than the other in terms of achieving improved housing stability, health, or other measures of well-being?

Detailed description: Study design and overall objective: This is a mixed-methods randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the effectiveness of guaranteed income on improving housing stability, health, economic and overall well-being among 300 families experiencing homelessness in Santa Clara County.

The specific aims are:

Aim 1. Assess the effect of guaranteed income on housing stability and homelessness. The investigators will randomly select 150 households experiencing homelessness to receive guaranteed income equivalent to $1000 per month for 24 months in addition to usual care, with the remaining 150 households receiving usual care only (control group). The investigators will assess and compare measures of housing stability, housing services use and emergency shelter use at baseline, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 30, and 36 months after randomization. Hypothesis: Guaranteed income will improve housing stability and reduce the risk of continuing homelessness.

Aim 2. Assess the effect of guaranteed income on the health and well-being of families experiencing homelessness and their social networks. The investigators will assess and compare self-reported physical and mental health and well-being, health and social service use, employment and income volatility, financial assets and spending, food insecurity, agency, and network strain and support at baseline and then at 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 30, and 36 months after randomization. The investigators will use a mixed methods approach, employing both validated survey instruments and qualitative interviews to assess measures of interest. Hypothesis: Families receiving guaranteed income will have improved health and well-being, and multiplier effects will accrue to their social networks.

Aim 3. Assess the effect of monthly vs a hybrid payment strategy (larger up-front lump sum plus a smaller monthly sum) on housing stability, health, and well-being. Individuals in the guaranteed income group (intervention group) will self-select whether they prefer to receive payments in a a) monthly ($1,000/month x 12 months) vs b) hybrid payment schedule ($6,500 x 1 month, then $500 x 11 month), with the option to change payment schedules after the first 12 months. Hypothesis: Individuals receiving a hybrid model of payments will obtain and sustain positive changes in stable housing and well-being more successfully over time compared to monthly payments.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. ≥18 years of age at baseline visit/assessment
2. Experiencing homelessness, as defined by:

   1. The HEARTH Act; or
   2. Living in a public or private space intended for temporary (≤6 month) residence, such as residing in a hotel/motel;
   3. Residing in a space without a legal right to the space and therefore being at threat of being asked to leave at any time (i.e., no lease); and/or
   4. Being in a shared living situation intended to be temporary (i.e., being 'doubled up' due to lack of available and/or affordable housing).
3. Vulnerability-Index Service Prioritization Decision Assistance Tool (VI-SPDAT) score within the eligibility range for referral to rapid rehousing assistance programs in Santa Clara County (score of 4-8 for households), if available at the time of study entry.

   - The VI-SPDAT score is commonly used by housing assistance service providers to prioritize households for housing assistance programs, where households with scores of 0-3 are lower priority for referral to programs, and households with scores of 9+ are recommended for referral to more intensive housing services such as permanent supportive housing (which combine affordable housing assistance with voluntary support services including health and mental health care, case management and other social supportive services). Households with a score of 4-8 are considered most appropriate for referral to housing assistance programs that may not offer additional supportive services.
4. Living in a household with ≥1 dependent children (i.e., ≤17 years of age at the time of study entry)
5. Written informed consent (and assent when applicable) obtained from participant or participant's legal representative and ability for participant to comply with the requirements of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Substantial to severe level of problematic substance use as defined by the validated Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) (score of 6-8 or 9-10, respectively).
2. Hazardous or harmful alcohol consumption, or active and severe alcohol use disorder as defined by the validated Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) (score of 8-14 and ≥15, respectively).

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of days experiencing homelessness
timeFrame: At 24 months after randomization
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of days experiencing homelessness
timeFrame: At 6 months after randomization
measure: Number of days experiencing homelessness
timeFrame: At 12 months after randomization
measure: Number of days experiencing homelessness
timeFrame: At 18 months after randomization
measure: Number of days experiencing homelessness
timeFrame: At 27 months after randomization
measure: Number of days experiencing homelessness
timeFrame: At 30 months after randomization
measure: Number of days experiencing homelessness
timeFrame: At 36 months after randomization
measure: Time to stable housing from randomization
timeFrame: Up to 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who obtain stable housing
timeFrame: At 6 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who obtain stable housing
timeFrame: At 12 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who obtain stable housing
timeFrame: At 18 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who obtain stable housing
timeFrame: At 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who retain stable housing after the end of the 24-month intervention period
timeFrame: At 27 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who retain stable housing after the end of the 24-month intervention period
timeFrame: At 30 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who retain stable housing after the end of the 24-month intervention period
timeFrame: At 36 months after randomization
measure: Days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: At baseline
measure: Days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: At 6 months after randomization
measure: Days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: At 12 months after randomization
measure: Days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: At 18 months after randomization
measure: Days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: At 24 months after randomization
measure: Days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: At 30 months after randomization
measure: Days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: At 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of days experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of days residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of proportion of families who are unleased
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in proportion of families who are unleased at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in proportion of families who are unleased at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in proportion of families who are unleased at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of days doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Total proportion of families experiencing any homelessness
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of proportion of families experiencing any homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Total proportion of families ever experiencing unsheltered homelessness
timeFrame: At 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of proportion of families experiencing unsheltered homelessness in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Total proportion of families ever residing in a hotel or motel
timeFrame: At 24 months after randomization; and changes between baseline and 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after randomization; and changes between 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of proportion of families residing in a hotel or motel in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of proportion of families doubled up in previous 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Total proportion of families returning to a homeless shelter
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Total proportion of families returning to a homeless shelter
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Total proportion of families living in a homeless shelter
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Total proportion of families living in a homeless shelter
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Total proportion of families living in a homeless shelter
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in total proportion of families living in a homeless shelter from baseline to 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months
measure: Change in total proportion of families living in a homeless shelter from baseline to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months
measure: Change in total proportion of families living in a homeless shelter from 24 to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses at baseline vs 24 months (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses at baseline vs 36 months (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in proportion of monthly income spent on housing-related expenses at 24 vs 36 months (composite of expenses for rent, mortgage, other shelter, and/or hotel/motel)
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of number of moves in prior 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves out of Santa Clara County in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves out of Santa Clara County in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves out of Santa Clara County in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves out of Santa Clara County in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves out of Santa Clara County in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Number of moves out of Santa Clara County in prior 6 months
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of number of moves out of Santa Clara County in prior 6 months
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Monthly household expenditures
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Physical well-being
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of physical well-being
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in physical well-being at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in physical well-being at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in physical well-being at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Psychological well-being
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of psychological well-being
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in psychological well-being at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in psychological well-being at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in psychological well-being at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Overcrowding
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of overcrowding
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in overcrowding at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in overcrowding at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in overcrowding at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of housing quality
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in housing quality from baseline to 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements from baseline and 24 months
measure: Change in housing quality from baseline to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements from baseline and 36 months
measure: Change in housing quality from 24 to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements from 24 and 36 months
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of housing quality: infrastructure and appliances
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in housing quality: infrastructure and appliances from baseline to 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements from baseline and at 24 months
measure: Change in housing quality: infrastructure and appliances from baseline to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements from baseline and at 36 months
measure: Change in housing quality: infrastructure and appliances from 24 to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements from 24 months and at 36 months
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of housing quality: safety issues
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in housing quality: safety issues from baseline to 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and at 24 months
measure: Change in housing quality: safety issues from baseline to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and at 36 months
measure: Change in housing quality: safety issues from 24 to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of financial well-being
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being from baseline to 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being from baseline to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being from 24 to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of financial well-being (emergency expenses)
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (emergency expenses) at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (emergency expenses) at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (emergency expenses) at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of financial well-being (larger emergency expenses)
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (larger emergency expenses) at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (larger emergency expenses) at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (larger emergency expenses) at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of financial well-being (monthly finances)
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (monthly finances) at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (monthly finances) at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in financial well-being (monthly finances) at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Material hardship
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of material hardship
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in material hardship from baseline to 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in material hardship from baseline to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in material hardship from 24 to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of total debt to monthly income ratio
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in total debt to monthly income ratio at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in total debt to monthly income ratio at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in total debt to monthly income ratio at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: 18 months
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: 24 months
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: 27 months
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: 30 months
measure: Total debt
timeFrame: 36 months
measure: Time series analysis of total debt
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in total debt at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in total debt at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in total debt at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Household food security
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of household food security
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in household food security from baseline to 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in household food security from baseline to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in household food security from 24 to 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Self-efficacy
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of self-efficacy
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in self-efficacy at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in self-efficacy at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in self-efficacy at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Resilience
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of resilience
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in resilience from baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in resilience from baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in resilience from 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Perceived stress
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of perceived stress
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in perceived stress at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in perceived stress at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in perceived stress at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS)
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS) at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS) at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in Chaos, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS) at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
measure: Agency
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Agency
timeFrame: 6 months after randomization
measure: Agency
timeFrame: 12 months after randomization
measure: Agency
timeFrame: 18 months after randomization
measure: Agency
timeFrame: 24 months after randomization
measure: Agency
timeFrame: 27 months after randomization
measure: Agency
timeFrame: 30 months after randomization
measure: Agency
timeFrame: 36 months after randomization
measure: Time series analysis of agency
timeFrame: Times series will include measurements at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 27 months, 30 months, 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in agency at baseline vs 24 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 24 months after randomization
measure: Change in agency at baseline vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at baseline and 36 months after randomization
measure: Change in agency at 24 vs 36 months
timeFrame: Will include measurements at 24 and 36 months after randomization
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: San Jose
country: United States
facility: ¡Sí Se Puede! Collective
state: California
city: San Jose
country: United States
facility: Santa Clara County Office of Supportive Housing
state: California
Study officials:
affiliation: University of California, San Francisco
name: Oanh K Nguyen, MD, MAS
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Bastagli F., Hagen-Zanker J., Harman L., Barca V., Sturge G., Schmidt T. (2019). The Impact of Cash Transfers: A Review of the Evidence from Low- and Middle-income Countries. Journal of Social Policy, 48(3), 569-594. doi:10.1017/S0047279418000715
citation: Aubry T, Bloch G, Brcic V, Saad A, Magwood O, Abdalla T, Alkhateeb Q, Xie E, Mathew C, Hannigan T, Costello C, Thavorn K, Stergiopoulos V, Tugwell P, Pottie K. Effectiveness of permanent supportive housing and income assistance interventions for homeless individuals in high-income countries: a systematic review. Lancet Public Health. 2020 Jun;5(6):e342-e360. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30055-4.
citation: Pinto AD, Perri M, Pedersen CL, Aratangy T, Hapsari AP, Hwang SW. Exploring different methods to evaluate the impact of basic income interventions: a systematic review. Int J Equity Health. 2021 Jun 16;20(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s12939-021-01479-2.
citation: Gubits D, Shinn M, Wood M, Brown SR, Dastrup SR, Bell SH. What Interventions Work Best for Families Who Experience Homelessness? Impact Estimates from the Family Options Study. J Policy Anal Manage. 2018;37(4):735-66.
citation: Forchuk C, MacClure SK, Van Beers M, Smith C, Csiernik R, Hoch J, Jensen E. Developing and testing an intervention to prevent homelessness among individuals discharged from psychiatric wards to shelters and 'No Fixed Address'. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2008 Sep;15(7):569-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2008.01266.x.
citation: Forget E.L. The town with no poverty: The health effects of a Canadian guaranteed annual income field experiment. Canadian Public Policy. 2011;37(3):283-305.
citation: Morton, M. H., Chavez, R., Kull, M. A., Carreon, E. D., Bishop, J., Daferede, S., Wood, E., Cohen, L., & Barreyro, P. (2020). Developing a direct cash transfer program for youth experiencing homelessness: Results of a mixed methods, multistakeholder design process. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago.