Clinical trial NCT05696405: VATS for Resection of Mediastinal Parathyroids
Official title: Thoracoscopic Treatment of Mediastinal Ectopic Parathyroid Adenomas: A Case Series and Literature Review
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Mediastinal Parathyroid Adenoma
Hyperparathyroidism
Keywords: hyperparathyroidism
Video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery
Mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma
Lead sponsor: Hospital General Ajusco Medio
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran
First posted: 2023-01-25
Enrollment: 4
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: CASE_ONLY
Time perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: patients with MEPA and treated by VATS approach was performed in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City.

Brief summary: Background: hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a disease caused by hypersecretion of one or more parathyroid glands, it can be associated with ectopic mediastinal parathyroid glands (MEPA) in 2% of cases. The use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the surgical resection of these glands is a safe, cost-effective, and low-morbidity option for patients with MEPA. We report a case series of patients with this disease managed with VATS.

Patients \& Methods: From 2008 to 2022, a retrospective study involving patients with MEPA and treated by VATS approach was performed in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. Relevant biochemical and clinical variables such as imaging studies, pre and postoperative lab results, surgical strategy and outcomes, and pathological analyses were analyzed.

Detailed description: Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a clinical disorder characterized by an inappropriately elevated paratohormone (PTH) due to hypersecretion of one or more parathyroid glands, that may develop secondary hypercalcemia and other metabolic disturbances. This disease includes various signs and symptoms such as nephrolithiasis, osteopenia and osteoporosis, depression, mental numbness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation among others. The abnormal secretion of PTH is most commonly caused by a single parathyroid gland adenoma in 85% of the cases, in the other 15% is due to multiple gland hyperplasia (15-20%)(1) or rarely from a parathyroid carcinoma (\<1%). HPT occurs in both genders equally around the sixth decade(2). World HPT prevalence is estimated at 1 in every 500 women and 1 in every 2000 men(3).

Mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenomas (MEPA) are rare tumors, constituting 1-2% of all parathyroid adenomas. These glands are inferior to the sternal notch and their location may vary from the superior mediastinum to the pericardium and diaphragm(4). The first report of a mediastinal parathyroid adenoma was in 1932 by Churchill in the patient Captain Charles E. Martell, who had 6 prior cervical explorations for his hyperparathyroidism until an ectopic gland was found in the superior mediastinum(5). Before the introduction of VATS, MEPA were usually resected by thoracotomy or a median sternotomy, currently with the daily use of minimally invasive surgery, VATS is being adopted as the procedure of choice.

The aim of this study to report a case series of patients with MEPA treated with VATS, along with a literature review.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with MEPA

Exclusion Criteria:

* incomplete records

Primary outcomes:
measure: Biochemical cure of hyperparathyroidism
timeFrame: 24hours
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
citation: Kitada M, Yasuda S, Nana T, Ishibashi K, Hayashi S, Okazaki S. Surgical treatment for mediastinal parathyroid adenoma causing primary hyperparathyroidism. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2016 Apr 7;11:44. doi: 10.1186/s13019-016-0461-8.
citation: Long KL, Lee CY, Ramaiah C, Sloan DA. Intrapericardial parathyroid adenomadagger. J Surg Case Rep. 2013 Aug 29;2013(8):rjt064. doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjt064.
citation: Hu J, Ngiam KY, Parameswaran R. Mediastinal parathyroid adenomas and their surgical implications. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2015 May;97(4):259-61. doi: 10.1308/003588415X14181254789088.
citation: Spence HM. The life and death of Captain Charles Martell and kidney stone disease. J Urol. 1984 Dec;132(6):1204-7. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50098-1.
citation: Sreevathsa MR, Melanta K. Unilateral Exploration for Parathyroid Adenoma. Indian J Surg Oncol. 2017 Jun;8(2):142-145. doi: 10.1007/s13193-016-0605-2. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
citation: Wilhelm SM, Wang TS, Ruan DT, Lee JA, Asa SL, Duh QY, Doherty GM, Herrera MF, Pasieka JL, Perrier ND, Silverberg SJ, Solorzano CC, Sturgeon C, Tublin ME, Udelsman R, Carty SE. The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines for Definitive Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. JAMA Surg. 2016 Oct 1;151(10):959-968. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.2310.
citation: Medrano C, Hazelrigg SR, Landreneau RJ, Boley TM, Shawgo T, Grasch A. Thoracoscopic resection of ectopic parathyroid glands. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000 Jan;69(1):221-3. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(99)01127-3.