Clinical trial NCT04425993: Rectal Indomethacin Versus Rectal Indomethacin and Sublingual Nitrate for PEP Prevention
Official title: Rectal Indomethacin Versus Rectal Indomethacin and Sublingual Nitrate to Prevent Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: a Multicentre, Non-inferiority, Double-blind, Randomised Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Post-ERCP Acute Pancreatitis
Keywords: ERCP
Post-ERCP pancreatitis
PEP
NSAIDs
indomethacin
nitrate
Lead sponsor: Air Force Military Medical University, China
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2020-06-11
Enrollment: 2700
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: Patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are at risk for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), which is associated with adverse outcomes. Combination prophylaxis strategies are increasingly investigated to prevent PEP more effectively, and studies have confirmed the benefits. Two randomized controlled trials revealed that combination prophylaxis with rectal NSAIDs and sublingual nitrate has reduced PEP rates to 5.6%-6.7% in average-risk patients. However, there was concern regarding the safety of sublingual nitrate with reports of significant increasing the risk of hypotesion (rate of 54.9%) and headache (rate of 4.1%) as compared with placebo.

As a safety drug, rectal administration of one dose NSAIDs is recommended as basic chemoprophylaxis in common or high-risk patients in guidelines. Results from previous studies showed rectal administration of NSAIDs significantly reduced PEP rate to 4-5.3% in average-risk patients. Although the difference in demographics, study design and outcomes definition, evidence was obtained that rectal NSAIDS was associated with similar PEP rate as combination prophylaxis with rectal NSAIDs and sublingual nitrate. However, evidence is lacking from large, randomized clinical trials indicating that efficiency of PEP prevention with rectal NSAIDs alone is not inferior to with combination prophylaxis. The investigators conduct this trial to investigate the hypothesis that rectal NSAIDs alone is non-inferior to the combination prophylaxis in terms of PEP prevention, but with reduce side effect.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients (age, 18-80 y) with native papilla planned for diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP were eligible for enrollment in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* contraindications to ERCP;
* allergy to nitrates or NSAIDs;
* currently on nitrate medication;
* receiving NSAIDs within 7 days;
* not suitable for indomethacin eg, gastrointestinal hemorrhage within the past 4 weeks, renal dysfunction (creatinine level \>1.4 mg/dL) or the presence of coagulopathy before the procedure (international normalized ratio \> 1.5);
* acute pancreatitis within 3 days;
* pregnant or breastfeeding women;
* unwilling or inability to provide consent.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Rate of post-ERCP Pancreatitis
timeFrame: 14 days
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Rate of moderate to severe PEP
timeFrame: 14 days
measure: Other adverse events
timeFrame: 14 days
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Xiamen
country: China
facility: Xiamen Humanity Hospital
state: Fujian
city: Lanzhou
country: China
facility: Lanzhou University Second Hospital
state: Gansu
city: Xi'an
country: China
facility: Xi'an Central Hospital
state: Shaanxi
city: Xi'an
country: China
facility: Xijing Hoapital
state: Shaanxi
Study officials:
References:
citation: Sotoudehmanesh R, Eloubeidi MA, Asgari AA, Farsinejad M, Khatibian M. A randomized trial of rectal indomethacin and sublingual nitrates to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun;109(6):903-9. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2014.9. Epub 2014 Feb 11.
citation: Tomoda T, Kato H, Ueki T, Akimoto Y, Hata H, Fujii M, Harada R, Ogawa T, Wato M, Takatani M, Matsubara M, Kawai Y, Okada H. Combination of Diclofenac and Sublingual Nitrates Is Superior to Diclofenac Alone in Preventing Pancreatitis After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. Gastroenterology. 2019 May;156(6):1753-1760.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.01.267. Epub 2019 Feb 14.
citation: Ding J, Jin X, Pan Y, Liu S, Li Y. Glyceryl trinitrate for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis and improve the rate of cannulation: a meta-analysis of prospective, randomized, controlled trials. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 1;8(10):e75645. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075645. eCollection 2013.
citation: Luo H, Zhao L, Leung J, Zhang R, Liu Z, Wang X, Wang B, Nie Z, Lei T, Li X, Zhou W, Zhang L, Wang Q, Li M, Zhou Y, Liu Q, Sun H, Wang Z, Liang S, Guo X, Tao Q, Wu K, Pan Y, Guo X, Fan D. Routine pre-procedural rectal indometacin versus selective post-procedural rectal indometacin to prevent pancreatitis in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016 Jun 4;387(10035):2293-2301. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30310-5. Epub 2016 Apr 28.
citation: Luo H, Wang X, Zhang R, Liang S, Kang X, Zhang X, Lou Q, Xiong K, Yang J, Si L, Liu W, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Wang S, Yang M, Chen W, Han Y, Shang G, Yang X, He Y, Zou Q, Guo W, Dai Y, Zeng W, Zhu X, Gong R, Li X, Nie Z, Wang Q, Wang L, Pan Y, Guo X, Fan D. Rectal Indomethacin and Spraying of Duodenal Papilla With Epinephrine Increases Risk of Pancreatitis Following Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Jul;17(8):1597-1606.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.10.043. Epub 2018 Oct 31.