Clinical trial NCT06842836: Evaluation of Alterations in the Gut Microbiota in Pediatric Bronchial Asthma
Official title: Evaluation of Alterations in the Gut Microbiota in Bronchial Asthma: a Feasibility Study in a Pediatric Population in the Alexandria Area.
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Conditions: Asthma Bronchiale
Keywords: microbiota
Lead sponsor: Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo di Alessandria
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2025-02-24
Enrollment: 20
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 6
Maximum age (years): 9
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: CASE_CROSSOVER
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Approximately 25 pediatric subjects aged 6 to 9 years, diagnosed with intermittent or mild persistent bronchial asthma, referred to the pediatric outpatient clinic of the Children's Hospital of Alexandria will be enrolled in the study

Brief summary: Asthma constitutes a major chronic noncommunicable disease, globally it affects about 300 million people and the incidence has been steadily increasing in recent decades; it affects about 10% of children and is the leading chronic disease in childhood. The microbiota constitutes the collection of all microorganisms-bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa-that live in symbiosis with our bodies. Disruption of the microbiota during this critical period of development can cause asthma, allergies, and other immunological disorders. Therefore, it can be an important environmental factor that determines the transition of health to disease. The aim of the intended study is to evaluate and analyze the presence of possible alterations in the gut microbiota in a cohort of pediatric asthmatic subjects by collecting fecal samples.

Detailed description: Asthma constitutes a major chronic noncommunicable disease, globally affecting about 300 million people and the incidence has been steadily increasing in recent decades; it affects about 10% of children and is the leading chronic disease in childhood. Symptoms mainly include airway narrowing and inflammation, which appear to originate from a synergy of environmental and genetic factors. The pathogenesis of asthma is not yet well understood, but it could be related during childhood to several factors such as: antibiotic use during the neonatal period, type of delivery, maternal diet, and formula feeding. It is confirmed that changes in the gut microbiota determine susceptibility to the development of asthma, especially when they occur in the early years of life. The microbiota constitutes the set of all microorganisms-bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa-that live in symbiosis with our bodies. Disruption of the microbiota during this critical period of development can cause asthma, allergies, and other immunological disorders. Therefore, it can be an important environmental factor that determines the transition of health to disease. The intestinal microbiota of children is mainly characterized by the presence of species such as Bifidobacterium spp., Faecalibacterium spp., and members of the Lachnospiraceae compared to the adult microbiota, which is more characterized by the presence of species such as Bacteorides spp. Several studies have shown that a dysbiosis of the gut microbiota early in the life course may be related to an increased risk of developing bronchial asthma as age progresses. The natural diversity of the microbiota could also be affected by a range of medications, such as antibiotics, corticosteroids, and antacids. Antibiotics significantly affect the composition of the gut microbiota with immediate and prolonged effect. The aim of the intended study is to assess and analyze the presence of possible alterations in the intestinal microbiota in a cohort of pediatric asthmatic subjects through the collection of fecal samples, which will be analyzed using an iSeq sequencing method at the SC Microbiology and Virology laboratory of the Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria SS. Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo of Alessandria.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Signature of informed consent by Parents;
* Age between 6 and 9 years;
* Confirmed diagnosis of bronchial asthma at Alessandria Children's Hospital through spirometry investigation;
* Bronchial asthma classified as intermittent or mild persistent;
* Patients followed at the outpatient clinics of the SC Pediatrics of AOU SS Antonio e Biagio and C. Arrigo of Alessandria.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Taking prolonged systemic therapy for the treatment of bronchial asthma;
* Bronchial asthma classified as moderate persistent or severe persistent;
* Insurmountable language barrier.
* Ongoing antibiotic intake.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Qualitative changes in the gut microbiota
timeFrame: Baseline
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Quantitative characterization of microbial species of gut microbiota
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents
timeFrame: Baseline
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Alessandria
country: Italy
facility: SSD Laboratori di Ricerca (DAIRI) - AOU Alessandria
Study officials:
References: