Clinical trial NCT02102711: Oral Vitamin A Supplementation in Neonates With Birth Weight < 1500 g
Official title: Oral Vitamin A Supplementation in Neonates With Birth Weight < 1500 g Efficacy and Tolerability in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BDP) and Retinopathy of the Prematurity (ROP)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Keywords: VITAMIN A
BLOOD CONCENTRATION
retinopathy of prematurity
Lead sponsor: Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2014-04-03
Enrollment: 62
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 1
Maximum age (years): 7
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Vitamin A is essential for optimal growth, and development. In the newborn, especially if preterm, it is necessary for the cellular differentiation, for the health of the anterior eye, it is a constituent of visual pigment, and it is essential for surfactant synthesis. Immune response Vitamin A supplementation demonstrated to reduces infancy mortality, but very low (\<1500g birth weight) and extremely low (\<1000g birth weight) preterm infants are born with low body stores of vitamin A and are at high risk of vitamin A deficiency. Nevertheless, optimal vitamin A supplementation for these infants is not clearly defined, despite evidence of benefit of an early supplementation.

Prematurity is associate to the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which is a disease marked by respiratory compromise associated with high mortality and severe long-term morbidity, as well as prematurity is associate to the risk for retinopathy, a pathology that may be related to less rhodopsin quantity which seem dependent on vitamin A concentration. Vitamin A can be given enterally, intramuscularly, or intravenously. Recently an oral administration as drops is available resulting particularly convenient avoiding the pain associated with repetitive intramuscular injections, or the discomfort of parenteral administration. Studies of vitamin A in the infant population suggest that plasma retinol concentrations \>0.7 µM/L indicate vitamin A sufficiency, nevertheless preterm infants have lower concentration and concentration \< 0.35 µM/L are very dangerous. Vitamin A deficiency at this level may constitute a problem for preterm newborn, resulting for example, in histological alterations in the respiratory epithelium leading to chronic lung disease, retinopathy of prematurity, patency of the ductus arteriosis, and immune competence deficiency.

The aim of the present study is to verify efficacy and tolerability of a new oral administration of vitamin A as drops, 3000 IU/kg/die for 4 weeks, in infants \< 1500g weight at birth, verifying the competence of the supplementation reaching ideal blood concentration (≥0.7 µM/L) and relating the blood achieved concentrations of vitamin A to the outcome in typical pathologies, as BPD and ROP. Not treated group of matched newborn infants is the controlarm.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* parents signed informed consent
* very low birth weight infants undergoing ventilation for at least 24 hours
* Infants able to receive adequate breast or formula milk

Exclusion Criteria:

* parents denied informed consent
* congenital malformations
* infants not able to receive breast or formula milk

Primary outcomes:
measure: Vitamin A blood concentration (µM/L)
timeFrame: participants will be followed for the duration of Vitamin A oral administration, an expected average of 4 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: number of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and of retinopathy of prematurity
timeFrame: 1 year
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Pavia
country: Italy
facility: IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo
state: PV
city: Pavia
country: Italy
facility: IRCCS Policlinico S.Matteo; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Study officials:
affiliation: IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
name: Mauro Stronati, MD
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Garofoli F, Barilla D, Angelini M, Mazzucchelli I, De Silvestri A, Guagliano R, Decembrino L, Tzialla C. Oral vitamin A supplementation for ROP prevention in VLBW preterm infants. Ital J Pediatr. 2020 Jun 3;46(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s13052-020-00837-0.