Clinical trial NCT03601949: Lateral Branch Cooled Radiofrequency Denervation vs. Conservative Therapy for Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Official title: A Prospective, Multi-center, Randomized, Assessor Blind, Controlled Study Comparing Lateral Branch Cooled Radiofrequency Denervation to Conservative Therapy as Treatment for Sacroiliac Joint Pain in a Military and Civilian Population
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Keywords: Back Pain
Low Back Pain
Sacroiliac Back Pain
Lead sponsor: Avanos Medical
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2018-07-26
Enrollment: 210
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 21
Maximum age (years): 110
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, multi-center clinical study. Approximately 208 subjects will be enrolled at approximately 12-15 active duty military, veterans' care, and civilian sites. Eligible subjects will be randomized in 1:1 ratio to receive either Sacroiliac denervation using CRF (treatment group) or standard medical management ("SMM," control group).

Detailed description: This study will be a 12-month prospective, randomized, controlled, prospective, open-label, multi-center clinical study. Adult subjects over the age of 21 with diagnosed chronic intractable sacroiliac joint pain (≥ 3 months), who have been previously unresponsive to conservative therapy and who meet the selection criteria are eligible to participate in this study. Approximately 208 subjects will be enrolled at up to 15 sites in a 1:1 randomization ratio to receive either denervation using the SInergy System (cooled radiofrequency (CRF), treatment group) or standard medical management (SMM, control group). Follow-up will be conducted for a total of 12 months post-Coolief (cooled radiofrequency ablation) procedure, with the primary endpoint being completed at month 3. The control arm will utilize physician prescribed standard medical management (SMM). For this protocol, this includes, but is not limited to, medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, acupuncture, yoga, chiropractic, and therapeutic injections. An optional crossover-to-treatment design was adopted for subjects randomized to standard medical management after their 3-month visit, because it would be considered unethical to withhold treatment that could potentially offer pain relief to those subjects undergoing standard medical management who continue to suffer from pain.

Eligibility includes BOTH of the following:

* 50% pain relief lasting for the expected duration of anesthetic or medication from a therapeutic or diagnostic sacroiliac joint injection; AND

  * 50% pain relief lasting for the expected duration of anesthetic from a standardized set of lateral branch blocks, with total volume of no more than 1 milliliter (ml) of 0.5% Bupivacaine, Ropivacaine (or similar). Ideally, 0.5 ml will be utilized at L5 and the remaining 0.5 ml should be divided in at least two locations along the foramen line

After the CRF treatment, the CRF treatment group subjects will visit the blinded assessor for follow up at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. At the month 3 visit (three months post-randomization), subjects initially randomized to the conservative therapy group will be assessed to determine eligibility to receive CRF treatment.

* If the conservative treatment subjects fail conservative therapy at 3 months (defined as failure to obtain a 2-point decrease in average pain score from baseline AND failure to obtain a rating of at least 5 on the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale), they will be given the option of receiving CRF treatment.
* Subjects who choose to cross-over will ideally receive treatment within 30 days of their 3-month visit but they must receive treatment within 90 days of their 3-month visit. They will then be followed-up at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months following CRF denervation (new Day 0).
* If the conservative treatment group subjects refuse or don't qualify for CRF treatment at 3 months, they will subsequently be followed-up at 6, 9, and 12 months from their Day 0.

Primary Analysis is planned after all initially treated subjects have completed their 3-month post-procedure visit.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age greater than or equal to 21 years.
2. Able to understand the informed consent, and able to complete outcome measures.
3. Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain that is refractory to standard of care treatments such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), physical therapy, etc.
4. At least one positive SIJ pain provocation test (Distraction, Gaenslen's, FABER, Sacral Sulcus tenderness, thigh thrust, compression or sacral thrust).
5. Back pain is predominantly below the lumbar (L) 5 vertebrae.
6. Chronic low back pain lasting for longer than three months.
7. Greater than 50% pain relief lasting for the expected duration of anesthetic or medication from a therapeutic or diagnostic SIJ injection.
8. Greater than 50% pain relief lasting the duration of anesthetic from lateral branch block (done on different days than SIJ injection).
9. Stabilized on pain medication regimen for \> 2 months, as defined by a \< 10% change in dosage.
10. Numeric rating scale indicating an average pain score of \> 4 over the last seven days. (returned to pre-lateral branch block baseline pain).
11. All other possible sources of low back pain have been ruled out as the primary pain generator, including, but not limited to: suspected advanced degenerative joint disease, the intervertebral discs, bone fracture, the zygapophyseal joints, the hip joint, symptomatic spondylolisthesis, tumor, and other regional soft tissue structures (this is done by physical exam, medical history, and magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography/X-ray, as required).
12. Willing to utilize double barrier contraceptive method, if of child-bearing potential.
13. Willingness to provide informed consent and to comply with the requirements of this protocol for the full duration of the study.
14. Physician believes ablation of the SIJ is an appropriate treatment for the patient.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Poorly controlled severe psychiatric illness or ongoing psychological barriers to recovery, as determined by the treating physician.
2. Spinal pathology that may impede recovery such as spina bifida occulta, grade II or higher spondylolisthesis at vertebrae L5/sacroiliac (S) 1, or scoliosis.
3. Symptomatic moderate or severe foraminal or central canal stenosis.
4. Systemic infection or localized infection at anticipated introducer entry site.
5. Uncontrolled immunosuppression (e.g., acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), cancer, diabetes, etc.)
6. Chronic severe conditions such as rheumatoid/inflammatory arthritis.
7. Pregnancy or recent delivery (within three months).
8. Active radiculopathy pain from lumbar spine.
9. Active hip pathology.
10. Major surgery within three months prior to signing informed consent.
11. Prior radiofrequency denervation of the lateral sacral nerves.
12. Ongoing/unresolved worker's compensation, injury litigation, military medical board, or disability remuneration claims.
13. Allergy to injected substances or medications used in procedure.
14. Body mass index (BMI) \> 40 kilograms/meter (squared).
15. Current prescribed opioid medications equivalent to 90 mg of morphine per 24 hours or greater.
16. Subject is currently implanted with pacemaker, stimulator, or defibrillator.
17. Participation in another clinical trial/investigation that could interfere with this trial 30 days prior to signing informed consent.
18. Subject is unwilling or unable to comply with the protocol requirements.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in average daily pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: The proportion of subjects with at least a 2 points decrease or 30% drop in average daily pain related NRS score AND a rating of at least 5 on the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
measure: Mean change in score of Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
measure: Mean change in score of Short Form 36-Physical Functioning (SF36-PF)
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
measure: Mean change in score of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
measure: Mean change in score of EuroQuol (EQ) 5D-5L
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
Other outcomes:
measure: The mean change in pain-related medication
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
measure: Healthcare Utilization Questionnaire
timeFrame: Baseline and 3 months
measure: Time from treatment to return to work/duty
timeFrame: 3 months post-intervention
measure: Time from treatment to return of pain date
timeFrame: 3 months post-intervention
Locations:
city: Washington
country: United States
facility: Mehul Desai
state: District of Columbia
city: Bloomington
country: United States
facility: Millennium Pain Center
state: Illinois
city: New Orleans
country: United States
facility: Ochsner Medical Center
state: Louisiana
city: Baltimore
country: United States
facility: Shravani Durbhakula
state: Maryland
city: Bethesda
country: United States
facility: Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
state: Maryland
city: Chestnut Hill
country: United States
facility: Brigham and Women's Hospital
state: Massachusetts
city: Shrewsbury
country: United States
facility: Premier Pain Centers
state: New Jersey
city: Rochester
country: United States
facility: Adam Carinci
state: New York
city: Fort Bragg
country: United States
facility: Womack Army Medical Center
state: North Carolina
city: Winston-Salem
country: United States
facility: The Center for Clinical Research
state: North Carolina
city: Winston-Salem
country: United States
facility: Wake Forest Baptist Health
state: North Carolina
city: Edmond
country: United States
facility: Clinical Investigations
state: Oklahoma
city: Portland
country: United States
facility: Oregon Health and Science University
state: Oregon
city: Charlottesville
country: United States
facility: Lynn Kohan
state: Virginia
city: Richmond
country: United States
facility: Michael DePalma
state: Virginia
Study officials:
affiliation: Avanos Medical
name: David Curd, MS
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References: