Clinical trial NCT02122952: Gene Transfer Clinical Trial for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1
Official title: Phase I Gene Transfer Clinical Trial for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1 Delivering AVXS-101
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Spinal Muscular Atrophy 1
Keywords: Gene Transfer
Gene Therapy
Adeno-associated virus
Survival Motor Neuron
SMN
AAV9
Lead sponsor: Novartis
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2014-04-25
Enrollment: 15
Sex: ALL
Maximum age (years): 6
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this trial is to evaluate safety and efficacy of intravenous delivery of AVXS-101 as a treatment of spinal muscular atrophy Type 1 (SMN1).

Detailed description: The study will evaluate safety and efficacy of gene therapy in spinal muscular atrophy Type 1 (SMA1) patients. SMA is caused by low levels of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, and affects all muscles in the body. There is no effective treatment for SMA and current drug therapy has been unsuccessful in stabilizing or reversing this disease. Only supportive care is currently possible.

Open-label, dose-escalation clinical trial of AVXS-101 injected intravenously through a peripheral limb vein. Short-term safety will be evaluated over a two year period. Patients will be tested at baseline and return for follow up visits on days 7, 14, 21, 30, followed by once every month through 12 months post dose, and then every three months through two (2) years post infusion. Unscheduled visits may occur if the PI determines that they are necessary.

The primary analysis for efficacy will be assessed when all patients reach 13.6 months of age (a database lock will be performed at the time point at which all patients reach 13.6 months of age). A follow-up safety analysis will be completed at the time point at which the last patient reaches 24 months post-dose.

Upon completion of the 2-year study period, patients will be monitored annually as per standard of care for up to 15 years.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Six or nine months of age and younger (depending on cohort) on day of vector infusion with Type 1 SMA as defined by the following features:

  * Diagnosis of SMA based on gene mutation analysis with bi-allelic SMN1 mutations (deletion or point mutations) and 2 copies of SMN2.
  * Onset of disease at birth up to 6 months of age.
  * Hypotonia by clinical evaluation with delay in motor skills, poor head control, round shoulder posture and hypermobility of joints.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active viral infection (includes HIV or serology positive for hepatitis B or C)
* Use of invasive ventilatory support (tracheotomy with positive pressure)\* or pulse oximetry \<95% saturation.
* Patients may be put on non-invasive ventilator support (BiPAP) for less than 16 hours a day at the discretion of their physician or research staff.
* Concomitant illness that in the opinion of the PI creates unnecessary risks for gene transfer
* Concomitant use of any of the following drugs: drugs for treatment of myopathy or neuropathy, agents used to treat diabetes mellitus, or ongoing immunosuppressive therapy or immunosuppressive therapy within 3 months of starting the trial (e.g. corticosteroids, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, intravenous immunoglobulin, rituximab)
* Patients with Anti-AAV9 antibody titers \>1:50 as determined by ELISA binding immunoassay.
* Abnormal laboratory values considered clinically significant (GGT \> 3XULN, bilirubin ≥ 3.0 mg/dL , creatinine ≥ 1.8 mg/dL, Hgb \< 8 or \> 18 g/Dl; WBC \> 20,000 per cmm) Participation in a recent SMA treatment clinical trial that in the opinion of the PI creates unnecessary risks for gene transfer.
* Family does not want to disclose patient's study participation with primary care physician and other medical providers.
* Patient with signs of aspiration based on a swallowing test and unwilling to use an alternative method to oral feeding.
* Patients with a single base substitution in SMN2 (c.859G\>C in exon 7) will be excluded based on predicted mild phenotype.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of Participants That Experienced One Grade III or Higher Unanticipated, Treatment-related Toxicity That Presents With Clinical Symptoms and Requires Medical Treatment
timeFrame: 2 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of Participants Who Experienced Permanent Ventilation or Death
timeFrame: Up to 13.6 months of age
measure: Percent Change From Baseline in Mean Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP-INTEND) Score
timeFrame: Baseline to 24 months post-dose
measure: Number of Participants With Assessed Improvement in Motor Function
timeFrame: 24 months post-dose
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Columbus
country: United States
facility: Nationwide Children's Hospital
state: Ohio
Study officials:
affiliation: The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital
name: Jerry R Mendell, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Bevan AK, Hutchinson KR, Foust KD, Braun L, McGovern VL, Schmelzer L, Ward JG, Petruska JC, Lucchesi PA, Burghes AH, Kaspar BK. Early heart failure in the SMNDelta7 model of spinal muscular atrophy and correction by postnatal scAAV9-SMN delivery. Hum Mol Genet. 2010 Oct 15;19(20):3895-905. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddq300. Epub 2010 Jul 16.
citation: Foust KD, Wang X, McGovern VL, Braun L, Bevan AK, Haidet AM, Le TT, Morales PR, Rich MM, Burghes AH, Kaspar BK. Rescue of the spinal muscular atrophy phenotype in a mouse model by early postnatal delivery of SMN. Nat Biotechnol. 2010 Mar;28(3):271-4. doi: 10.1038/nbt.1610. Epub 2010 Feb 28.
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citation: Lowes LP, Alfano LN, Arnold WD, Shell R, Prior TW, McColly M, Lehman KJ, Church K, Sproule DM, Nagendran S, Menier M, Feltner DE, Wells C, Kissel JT, Al-Zaidy S, Mendell J. Impact of Age and Motor Function in a Phase 1/2A Study of Infants With SMA Type 1 Receiving Single-Dose Gene Replacement Therapy. Pediatr Neurol. 2019 Sep;98:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.05.005. Epub 2019 May 13.
citation: Dabbous O, Maru B, Jansen JP, Lorenzi M, Cloutier M, Guerin A, Pivneva I, Wu EQ, Arjunji R, Feltner D, Sproule DM. Survival, Motor Function, and Motor Milestones: Comparison of AVXS-101 Relative to Nusinersen for the Treatment of Infants with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1. Adv Ther. 2019 May;36(5):1164-1176. doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-00923-8. Epub 2019 Mar 16.
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