Clinical trial NCT06929377: Effectiveness of a Judo-specific Injury Prevention Programme on Performance in Judo Athletes
Official title: Effectiveness of a Judo-specific Injury Prevention Programme on Performance: a Randomized Controlled Trial in Judo Athletes
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Injury Prevention in Sports
Sports Performance
Sports
Keywords: Judo
injury prevention
sports performance
a randomized controlled trial
Lead sponsor: Hacettepe University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2025-04-16
Enrollment: 40
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 13
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: Judo is a popular international combat sport with an estimated 20 million active participants world-wide and participation in judo entails a substantial risk of injury in both elite and recreational judo. It is known that judo involves a significantly higher risk of sports per activity compared with another combat sports such as wrestling, karate, taekwondo an deven popular team sports such as football, basketball and volleyball. Therefore, preventing injuries in judo is so important and various interventions can use in this regard. These include; taping, warm-up and cool-down programs, proper technique trainings and exercise programs. Injury prevention programmes in other sports have been proven effective in reducing injury rates for elite and recreational athletes. In judo, research on exercise-based prevention is limited to the description of injury prevention programs, but the effectiveness of these programs has never been evaluated. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the judo-specific ''IPPON'' warm-up programs for injury prevention of judokas on performance parameters and incidence of injuries among professional judo athletes. In this study, the investigators research the Judo-Specific Special Conditioning Test and the Isometric/Dynamic Judogi Grip Strength Test will be evaluated for performance parameters. In addition, the Upper and Lower Extremity Y Balance Test will be evaluated for balance and the Upper Extremity Internal/External Rotation Strength Test and the Lower Extremity Hamstring/Quadriceps Strength Test will be evaluated for muscle strength assessment. The Turkish translation of the Oslo Trauma Research Center Overuse Questionnaire (OSTRC-O) will be used to monitor the incidence of injuries among professional judo athletes.

Detailed description: Judo is a popular international combat sport with an estimated 20 million active participants worldwide. Judo is characterised by the combination of balance, coordination, flexibility, agility, speed and strength with the aim to incapacitate their opponent. It is demanding of the neuromuscular and physical capacity of athletes. Participation in judo entails a substantial risk of injury in both elite and recreational judo. Injury prevention programmes in other sports have been proven effective in reducing injury rates for elite and recreational athletes. In judo, research on exercise-based prevention is limited to the description of injury prevention programmes, but the effectiveness of these programmes has never been evaluated. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the bottom-up developed trainer-based IPPON intervention on the performance parameters compared with the usual warm-up in judo athletes. The secondary objectives were to evaluate injury severity, injury incidence, location-specific prevalences, time loss and sudden and gradual onset injury recurrence rates. We hypothesised that the IPPON intervention would increase performance parameters and reduce the overall injury prevalences. The IPPON intervention is an injury prevention programme designed specifically to reduce injuries in judo athletes. IPPON intervention mainly focuses on preventing musculoskeletal injuries of the shoulder, knee and ankle. The IPPON intervention consists of 36 exercises divided into (1) flexibility and agility, (2) balance and coordination and (3) strength and stability. Each category consisted of 12 exercises with 3 levels of difficulty. Athletes performed 4 exercises per category and thus 12 exercises at the start of the training at least two times per week. Prior to the intervention exercises, athletes completed running exercises and falling techniques. Athletes in the control group were instructed to continue their usual warm-up and regular judo practice as warm-up prior to training or competition is standard routine in judo. The duration of the IPPON intervention was aligned with the average duration of the usual warm-up in the control groups. Although, not measured in the study procedure, the approximate duration of warm-up was 15 min in both groups. The primary outcome was the performance parameters (Judo-Specific Special Conditioning Test, Isometric/Dynamic Judogi Grip Strength Test, Upper and Lower Extremity Y Balance Test, Upper Extremity Internal/External Rotation Strength Test, Lower Extremity Hamstring/Quadriceps Strength Test) over 8 weeks of follow-up, and secondary outcome was the overall injury prevalences (injury severity, injury incidence, location-specific prevalences, time loss and sudden and gradual onset injury recurrence rates) measured with the Turkish translation of the Oslo Trauma Research Center Overuse Questionnaire (OSTRC-O) at 2 weekly intervals over 16 weeks of follow-up.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* age should be more than 13 years
* the asymptomatic judokas with no history of major injury or surgery in last 6 months,
* having experience in at least 3 years competitive judo,
* actively participating in competitive judo at least 1 year,
* competing at least in national level.

Exclusion Criteria:

* competing in paralympic sports,
* if they had any major injuries or surgeries in last 6 months,
* if they had any systemic, neurological or rheumatological diseases,
* being pre-pubertal stage (Tanner I) according to Tanner Scale,
* indicated their unwillingness to participate to this study.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Specific Judo Fitness Test (SJFT)
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Isometric Judogi Grip Strength Test
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Dynamic Judogi Grip Strength Test
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Upper Extremity Y Balance Test (UQ-YBT)
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Lower Extremity Y Balance Test (LQ-YBT)
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Upper Extremity External/Internal Rotation (ER/IR) Muscle Strength Ratio
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Lower Extremity Hamstring/Quadriceps (H/Q) Muscle Strength Ratio
timeFrame: 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Oslo Trauma Research Center Overuse Questionnaire (OSTRC-O)
timeFrame: 16 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Ankara
country: Turkey
facility: Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
city: Ankara
country: Turkey
facility: Hacettepe University
Study officials:
affiliation: Hacettepe University
name: SERCAN YILLI, MSc
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Hacettepe University
name: ELIF TURGUT, Professor
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Malliaropoulos NG, Callan M, Johnson J. Comprehensive training programme for judo players nine plus 9+: possible lower limb primary injury prevention. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2014 Jul 14;4(2):262-8. eCollection 2014 Apr. No abstract available.
citation: Kamitani T, Malliaropoulos NG, Omiya M, Otaka Y, Inoue K, Onidani N. On the way to the Tokyo Summer Olympic Games (2020). Prevention of severe head and neck injuries in judo: it's time for action. Br J Sports Med. 2017 Nov;51(22):1581-1582. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-097681. Epub 2017 Aug 17. No abstract available.
citation: von Gerhardt AL, Vriend I, Verhagen E, Tol JL, Kerkhoffs GMMJ, Reurink G. Systematic development of an injury prevention programme for judo athletes: the IPPON intervention. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020 Sep 29;6(1):e000791. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000791. eCollection 2020.
citation: Pocecco E, Ruedl G, Stankovic N, Sterkowicz S, Del Vecchio FB, Gutierrez-Garcia C, Rousseau R, Wolf M, Kopp M, Miarka B, Menz V, Krusmann P, Calmet M, Malliaropoulos N, Burtscher M. Injuries in judo: a systematic literature review including suggestions for prevention. Br J Sports Med. 2013 Dec;47(18):1139-43. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092886.
citation: von Gerhardt AL, Reurink G, Kerkhoffs GMMJ, Verhagen E, Krabben K, Mooren J, Gal JSI, Brons A, Joorse R, van den Broek B, Kemler E, Tol JL. Effectiveness of a judo-specific injury prevention programme: a randomised controlled trial in recreational judo athletes. Br J Sports Med. 2023 Apr;57(8):450-456. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105869. Epub 2023 Jan 30.