Clinical trial NCT04308005: Drawing as a Measurement of Dental Anxiety
Official title: Children's Drawing as a Measurement of Dental Anxiety in Paediatric Dentistry
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Dental Anxiety
Keywords: Drawing
Children
Dental Anxiety
Lead sponsor: Trakya University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Yeditepe University
First posted: 2020-03-13
Enrollment: 78
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 6
Maximum age (years): 12
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: OTHER
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Number of patients required was calculated on the basis of a micro-sample at an accepted level of significance(p\<0.05) and a maximum permissible error α\<0.05 and β\<0.2. A total of 78 children were enrolled in this study. The participants of this study included children referred to, Paediatric Dentistry Department for their dental treatment on primary teeth. Once admitted to the Paediatric Dental Clinic children are examined by a paediatric dentist and each child is appointed for their dental therapeutic session. Comprehensive treatment plans of 571 children were examined and eligible 78 subjects who matched the inclusion criteria were randomly selected from children who were appointed for their first dental treatment session.

Brief summary: In the present study, we aimed to assess children's anxiety levels by using different dental anxiety scales and children's drawings evaluated according to two different scoring systems: Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) and Emotional indicators of Human Figure Drawings (HFD).

Detailed description: Background: Drawings can be used as a method of communication that represents an individual's self-concept, anxiety, attitude, or conflict.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate children's drawing as a measure of dental anxiety in a dental setting.

Design: Seventy- eight children, aged 6-12 years, were enrolled in this study. Pulp therapy and/or restorative treatment was performed during the first therapeutic session for all participants. Sound, Eye, and Motor (SEM) and Frankl scales were used as an objective assessment of dental anxiety during treatment. After the treatment session, the children were instructed to draw a picture of a person at a dental clinic. Children's drawings were scored by a paediatric dentist and a psychologist using Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) scale and emotional indicators of Human Figure Drawings (HFD). The findings were compared with Frankl and SEM scores.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* 6-12 years of age-independent of sex, and ethnic characteristics
* Children without previous dental treatment experience.
* Children with carious primary teeth which required pulp therapy and restorative treatment
* Children who are not considered medically compromised
* Obtained written informed consent from parents or caregivers and obtained verbal informed consent from the child for their participance in the study where procedures are explained in an age-appropriate attitude
* Children who accept to draw a picture

Exclusion Criteria:

* Children with a compromised physical and mental health history
* Children who already received dental treatments
* Children who only needed preventive treatments
* Children who reject to draw a picture

Primary outcomes:
measure: Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) scale
timeFrame: 1 hour
measure: Human Figure Drawings (HFD)
timeFrame: 1 hour
measure: Frankl Scale
timeFrame: 1 hour
measure: Sound, Eye, and Motor (SEM) scale
timeFrame: 1 hour
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
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