Clinical trial NCT05874765: A Study of Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Tic Disorders in Children at Sohag University Hospital
Official title: A Study of Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Tic Disorders in Children at Sohag University Hospital
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Conditions: Tic Disorder, Childhood
Lead sponsor: Sohag University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-05-25
Enrollment: 100
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 3
Maximum age (years): 18
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Observational model: CASE_ONLY
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: * -Age between 3 and 18 years
* All patients suffering from Tics and fulfill diagnostic criteria according to DSM V

Brief summary: Tics are brief, sudden, repetitive movements and/or sounds that increase with stress, anxiety, transitions, or excitement.

Tics occur most commonly in children and adolescents, with boys more frequently affected than girls The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry states that tics affect up to 10 percent of children during their early school years. .

The exact pathophysiologic mechanisms are unknown, but the disorders are likely to be due to disturbances of the cortico striatal- thalamo -circuitry. Risk factors for tic disorders include. Genetics: Tics tend to run in families, so there may be a genetic basis to these disorders. Sex: Men are more likely to be affected by tic disorders than women.

They are divided into motor tics (e.g., blinking, shrugging shoulders, grimacing, or jerking) and vocal tics (e.g., throat clearing, sniffing, grunting) .

Patients describe an inner urge or a local premonitory sensation, which is then relieved by performing the tic. The tic can be voluntarily suppressed for short periods of time. Tics increase with stress, anxiety, transitions, and excitement, and decrease with distraction.

The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry states that tics affect up to 10 percent of children during their early school years .The most notable tic disorder is Tourette syndrome, in which both physical and verbal tics occur in the same individual, often at the same time. Transient tic disorder also involves both types of tics, but they often occur individually .

Tic disorders are classified into 3 categories : Transient tic disorders involve motor or vocal tics that last for more than 4 weeks but less than a year. Chronic tic disorders involve either motor tics or vocal tics (but not both) that last for more than a year. Tourette Syndrome, in which both physical and verbal tics occur in the same individual Conditions associated with tic disorders, especially in children with TS, include: anxiety, ADHD, depression ,autism ,spectrum disorder learning difficulties ,OCD speech and language difficulties, sleep difficulties other complications associated with tic disorders are related to the effect of the tics on self-esteem and self-image . Some research! has found that children with TS or any chronic tic disorder experience a lower quality of life and lower self-esteem than those without one of these conditions


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* -Age between 3 and 18 years
* All patients suffering from Tics and fulfill diagnostic criteria according to DSM V

Exclusion Criteria:

* - Patients with age below 3 years and after 18 years old

Primary outcomes:
measure: Assessment of Tics severity will be by The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale ( Y G T S S-R)
timeFrame: 12 months
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Sohag
country: Egypt
facility: Sohag university Hospital
Study officials:
References:
citation: Leckman JF, Riddle MA, Hardin MT, Ort SI, Swartz KL, Stevenson J, Cohen DJ. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: initial testing of a clinician-rated scale of tic severity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989 Jul;28(4):566-73. doi: 10.1097/00004583-198907000-00015.
citation: Barker A, Musso MW, Jones GN, Roid G, Gouvier D. Unreliable block span reveals simulated intellectual disability on the stanford-binet intelligence scales-fifth edition. Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2014;21(1):51-9. doi: 10.1080/09084282.2012.726670. Epub 2013 Jun 21.