Clinical trial NCT06160037: Influence of Prenatal and Early Childhood Home-Visiting by Nurses on Development of Chronic Disease
Official title: Influence of Prenatal and Early Childhood Home-Visiting by Nurses on Development of Chronic Disease: 29-year Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Chronic Disease
Lead sponsor: University of Colorado, Denver
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: University of Rochester
name: Medpace, Inc.
First posted: 2023-12-07
Enrollment: 1138
Sex: ALL
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: Longitudinal cohort study
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: This study is a longitudinal cohort study that follows participants in a randomized clinical trial of a program of prenatal and early child home visiting on maternal and offspring risks for chronic disease.

Detailed description: Addressing the unacceptably high rates of chronic disease and premature mortality among low-income African Americans (AA) is a public health imperative. The proposed study addresses this challenge by building upon decades of follow-up of low-income, primarily AA participants in a randomized clinical trial of the Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP), a program of prenatal and infant/toddler nurse home visiting for low-income mothers with no previous live births. It examines NFP effects on risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as premature mortality among both mothers and their first-born offspring at offspring age 30. It is the first adequately powered study of a very early intervention to examine risks for chronic disease and mortality, assessing both mothers and their first-born offspring.

Please note that for this section of the longitudinal study, just the outcome measures for 30 years after delivery are being measured. The study team also measured these outcome measures at baselines, 12 years, and 18 years after delivery in other studies, but for this specific study, the time frame for the listed outcome measures is 30 years after delivery.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Mothers who participated in a randomized clinical trial of nurse home visiting and their first-born offspring.
* Women \< 29 weeks pregnant --\> No previous live births
* No specific chronic illnesses thought to contribute to fetal growth retardation or preterm delivery
* At least two of the following sociodemographic risk conditions: unmarried, less than 12 years of education, and unemployed

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants who refused assessments at earlier phases of data gathering.
* Women \> 29 weeks pregnant
* Previous live births
* Possessing chronic illnesses like hypertensive disorders requiring medical treatment, severe cardiac disease, large uterine fibroids.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Height (standing)
timeFrame: Approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Weight
timeFrame: Approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Waist circumference
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery.
measure: Hip circumference
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Percent total body fat
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: % body fat in arms, legs
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Visceral (trunk) fat
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Total Cholesterol (TC), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein (LDL)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Triglycerides
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Glycosylated hemoglobin
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Urine-Albumin
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Urine Creatinine
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha receptor 2
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Fibrinogen
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Resting blood pressure (diastolic)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Resting blood pressure (systolic)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV)
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Augmentation index
timeFrame: once, approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Mortality - Mothers
timeFrame: measured once, approximately 30 years after delivery.
measure: Mortality - Offspring
timeFrame: measured once, approximately 30 years after delivery.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Medical diagnoses, signs, and symptoms
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Current medications
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Number of Hospitalizations per participant (mental/behavioral)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Number of Hospitalizations per participant (medical/surgical)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Disability (injury)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Disability (physical)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Disability (mental illness)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Number of pregnancies
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Pregnancy losses
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Number of live births
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Pregnancy complications
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Birthweight
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Gestational age
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Menopause (age)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Self-rated health
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Physical activity - Total Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) minutes per week
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Sleep Quality -- Global Score
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Average daily fruit and vegetable intake
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Percent energy from fat
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Dietary restraint/eating patterns
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Screening for Substance Use - TAPS 1 (tobacco, alcohol, prescription medication, and other substance use)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Substance Use Risk Level TAPS 2
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Tobacco: Cigarettes
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Tobacco: Cigars
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Tobacco: Pipe, Hookah
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Tobacco: Smokeless Tobacco Snus
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Other Smokeless Tobacco (dip, chewing tobacco)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Tobacco: Electronic Nicotine Products
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Depression
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Anxiety
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Mastery
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Duration of Marriage and partnered relationships
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Relationship Commitment: Current Relationship
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Relationship Personal Commitment: Current Relationship
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Relationship Satisfaction: Current Relationship
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Partner Warmth Index: Current Relationship
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Partner Hostility Index: Current Relationship
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Educational attainment (High School)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Educational attainment (College)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Educational attainment (job training)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Current work status (job)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Current work status (hours/week)
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Arrests and Incarceration
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Arrests
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
measure: Arrests and incarceration
timeFrame: interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Aurora
country: United States
facility: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
state: Colorado
Study officials:
References:
citation: Carnethon MR, Pu J, Howard G, Albert MA, Anderson CAM, Bertoni AG, Mujahid MS, Palaniappan L, Taylor HA Jr, Willis M, Yancy CW; American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Functional Genomics and Translational Biology; and Stroke Council. Cardiovascular Health in African Americans: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017 Nov 21;136(21):e393-e423. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000534. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
citation: Cunningham TJ, Croft JB, Liu Y, Lu H, Eke PI, Giles WH. Vital Signs: Racial Disparities in Age-Specific Mortality Among Blacks or African Americans - United States, 1999-2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 May 5;66(17):444-456. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6617e1.
citation: Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR, de Ferranti S, Despres JP, Fullerton HJ, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Isasi CR, Jimenez MC, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Liu S, Mackey RH, Magid DJ, McGuire DK, Mohler ER 3rd, Moy CS, Muntner P, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Rodriguez CJ, Rosamond W, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfighi A, Turan TN, Virani SS, Woo D, Yeh RW, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):e38-360. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350. Epub 2015 Dec 16. No abstract available.
citation: Menke A, Casagrande S, Geiss L, Cowie CC. Prevalence of and Trends in Diabetes Among Adults in the United States, 1988-2012. JAMA. 2015 Sep 8;314(10):1021-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.10029.
citation: United States Renal Data System. 2014 USRDS annual data report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Bethesda, MD, 2014.
citation: Havranek EP, Mujahid MS, Barr DA, Blair IV, Cohen MS, Cruz-Flores S, Davey-Smith G, Dennison-Himmelfarb CR, Lauer MS, Lockwood DW, Rosal M, Yancy CW; American Heart Association Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health, and Stroke Council. Social Determinants of Risk and Outcomes for Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015 Sep 1;132(9):873-98. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000228. Epub 2015 Aug 3. No abstract available.
citation: Pool LR, Ning H, Lloyd-Jones DM, Allen NB. Trends in Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cardiovascular Health Among US Adults From 1999-2012. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Sep 22;6(9):e006027. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006027.
citation: Bancks MP, Kershaw K, Carson AP, Gordon-Larsen P, Schreiner PJ, Carnethon MR. Association of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Adulthood With Racial Disparity in Incident Type 2 Diabetes During Middle Adulthood. JAMA. 2017 Dec 26;318(24):2457-2465. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.19546.
citation: Signorello LB, Schlundt DG, Cohen SS, Steinwandel MD, Buchowski MS, McLaughlin JK, Hargreaves MK, Blot WJ. Comparing diabetes prevalence between African Americans and Whites of similar socioeconomic status. Am J Public Health. 2007 Dec;97(12):2260-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.094482. Epub 2007 Oct 30.
citation: Norton JM, Moxey-Mims MM, Eggers PW, Narva AS, Star RA, Kimmel PL, Rodgers GP. Social Determinants of Racial Disparities in CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Sep;27(9):2576-95. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016010027. Epub 2016 May 13.
citation: Stuart-Shor EM, Berra KA, Kamau MW, Kumanyika SK. Behavioral strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction in diverse and underserved racial/ethnic groups. Circulation. 2012 Jan 3;125(1):171-84. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.968495. No abstract available.
citation: Suglia SF, Koenen KC, Boynton-Jarrett R, Chan PS, Clark CJ, Danese A, Faith MS, Goldstein BI, Hayman LL, Isasi CR, Pratt CA, Slopen N, Sumner JA, Turer A, Turer CB, Zachariah JP; American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Functional Genomics and Translational Biology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Childhood and Adolescent Adversity and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018 Jan 30;137(5):e15-e28. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000536. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
citation: Slopen N, Loucks EB, Appleton AA, Kawachi I, Kubzansky LD, Non AL, Buka S, Gilman SE. Early origins of inflammation: An examination of prenatal and childhood social adversity in a prospective cohort study. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015 Jan;51:403-13. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.10.016. Epub 2014 Oct 25.
citation: Loria AS, Ho DH, Pollock JS. A mechanistic look at the effects of adversity early in life on cardiovascular disease risk during adulthood. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2014 Feb;210(2):277-87. doi: 10.1111/apha.12189. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
citation: Alexander BT, Dasinger JH, Intapad S. Fetal programming and cardiovascular pathology. Compr Physiol. 2015 Apr;5(2):997-1025. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c140036.
citation: Mor G, Cardenas I. The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2010 Jun;63(6):425-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00836.x. Epub 2010 Mar 29.
citation: Brunton PJ, Russell JA. Endocrine induced changes in brain function during pregnancy. Brain Res. 2010 Dec 10;1364:198-215. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.062. Epub 2010 Sep 22.
citation: Fisher C, MacLean M, Morecroft I, Seed A, Johnston F, Hillier C, McMurray J. Is the pregnancy hormone relaxin also a vasodilator peptide secreted by the heart? Circulation. 2002 Jul 16;106(3):292-5. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000025630.05387.45.
citation: Sanghavi M, Rutherford JD. Cardiovascular physiology of pregnancy. Circulation. 2014 Sep 16;130(12):1003-8. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009029. No abstract available.
citation: Hoekzema E, Barba-Muller E, Pozzobon C, Picado M, Lucco F, Garcia-Garcia D, Soliva JC, Tobena A, Desco M, Crone EA, Ballesteros A, Carmona S, Vilarroya O. Pregnancy leads to long-lasting changes in human brain structure. Nat Neurosci. 2017 Feb;20(2):287-296. doi: 10.1038/nn.4458. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
citation: Swain JE, Kim P, Spicer J, Ho SS, Dayton CJ, Elmadih A, Abel KM. Approaching the biology of human parental attachment: brain imaging, oxytocin and coordinated assessments of mothers and fathers. Brain Res. 2014 Sep 11;1580:78-101. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.007. Epub 2014 Mar 15.
citation: Faraji J, Karimi M, Soltanpour N, Rouhzadeh Z, Roudaki S, Hosseini SA, Jafari SY, Abdollahi AA, Soltanpour N, Moeeini R, Metz GAS. Intergenerational Sex-Specific Transmission of Maternal Social Experience. Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 12;8(1):10529. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28729-8.
citation: Wan L, Tu T, Zhang QL, Jiang J, Yan XX. Pregnancy Promotes Maternal Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Guinea Pigs. Neural Plast. 2019 Apr 11;2019:5765284. doi: 10.1155/2019/5765284. eCollection 2019.
citation: Barba-Muller E, Craddock S, Carmona S, Hoekzema E. Brain plasticity in pregnancy and the postpartum period: links to maternal caregiving and mental health. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2019 Apr;22(2):289-299. doi: 10.1007/s00737-018-0889-z. Epub 2018 Jul 14.
citation: Zhang S, Ding Z, Liu H, Chen Z, Wu J, Zhang Y, Yu Y. Association between mental stress and gestational hypertension/preeclampsia: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2013 Dec;68(12):825-34. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000001.
citation: Ying W, Catov JM, Ouyang P. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Future Maternal Cardiovascular Risk. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Sep 4;7(17):e009382. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.009382. No abstract available.
citation: Bergen NE, Schalekamp-Timmermans S, Roos-Hesselink J, Roeters van Lennep JE, Jaddoe VVW, Steegers EAP. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and subsequent maternal cardiovascular health. Eur J Epidemiol. 2018 Aug;33(8):763-771. doi: 10.1007/s10654-018-0400-1. Epub 2018 May 19.
citation: Grandi SM, Filion KB, Yoon S, Ayele HT, Doyle CM, Hutcheon JA, Smith GN, Gore GC, Ray JG, Nerenberg K, Platt RW. Cardiovascular Disease-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Women With a History of Pregnancy Complications. Circulation. 2019 Feb 19;139(8):1069-1079. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.036748.
citation: Bellamy L, Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Williams DJ. Pre-eclampsia and risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer in later life: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2007 Nov 10;335(7627):974. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39335.385301.BE. Epub 2007 Nov 1.
citation: Behrens I, Basit S, Melbye M, Lykke JA, Wohlfahrt J, Bundgaard H, Thilaganathan B, Boyd HA. Risk of post-pregnancy hypertension in women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: nationwide cohort study. BMJ. 2017 Jul 12;358:j3078. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j3078.
citation: Xu J, Barinas-Mitchell E, Kuller LH, Youk AO, Catov JM. Maternal hypertension after a low-birth-weight delivery differs by race/ethnicity: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 5;9(8):e104149. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104149. eCollection 2014.
citation: Mamun AA, O'Callaghan MJ, Williams GM, Najman JM. Maternal smoking during pregnancy predicts adult offspring cardiovascular risk factors - evidence from a community-based large birth cohort study. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41106. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041106. Epub 2012 Jul 19.
citation: Gaillard R. Maternal obesity during pregnancy and cardiovascular development and disease in the offspring. Eur J Epidemiol. 2015 Nov;30(11):1141-52. doi: 10.1007/s10654-015-0085-7. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
citation: Mamun AA, Kinarivala MK, O'Callaghan M, Williams G, Najman J, Callaway L. Does hypertensive disorder of pregnancy predict offspring blood pressure at 21 years? Evidence from a birth cohort study. J Hum Hypertens. 2012 May;26(5):288-94. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2011.35. Epub 2011 Apr 21.
citation: Kajantie E, Eriksson JG, Osmond C, Thornburg K, Barker DJ. Pre-eclampsia is associated with increased risk of stroke in the adult offspring: the Helsinki birth cohort study. Stroke. 2009 Apr;40(4):1176-80. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.538025. Epub 2009 Mar 5.
citation: Smith CJ, Ryckman KK, Barnabei VM, Howard BV, Isasi CR, Sarto GE, Tom SE, Van Horn LV, Wallace RB, Robinson JG. The impact of birth weight on cardiovascular disease risk in the Women's Health Initiative. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2016 Mar;26(3):239-45. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.10.015. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
citation: Doom JR, Mason SM, Suglia SF, Clark CJ. Pathways between childhood/adolescent adversity, adolescent socioeconomic status, and long-term cardiovascular disease risk in young adulthood. Soc Sci Med. 2017 Sep;188:166-175. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.06.044. Epub 2017 Jul 24.
citation: Gebreab SY, Diez Roux AV, Brenner AB, Hickson DA, Sims M, Subramanyam M, Griswold ME, Wyatt SB, James SA. The impact of lifecourse socioeconomic position on cardiovascular disease events in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015 May 27;4(6):e001553. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001553.
citation: Danese A, Moffitt TE, Harrington H, Milne BJ, Polanczyk G, Pariante CM, Poulton R, Caspi A. Adverse childhood experiences and adult risk factors for age-related disease: depression, inflammation, and clustering of metabolic risk markers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009 Dec;163(12):1135-43. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.214.
citation: Suglia SF, Clark CJ, Boynton-Jarrett R, Kressin NR, Koenen KC. Child maltreatment and hypertension in young adulthood. BMC Public Health. 2014 Nov 6;14:1149. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1149.
citation: Garad Y, Maximova K, MacKinnon N, McGrath JJ, Kozyrskyj AL, Colman I. Sex-Specific Differences in the Association Between Childhood Adversity and Cardiovascular Disease in Adulthood: Evidence From a National Cohort Study. Can J Cardiol. 2017 Aug;33(8):1013-1019. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.05.008. Epub 2017 May 19.
citation: Murphy MO, Herald JB, Leachman J, Villasante Tezanos A, Cohn DM, Loria AS. A model of neglect during postnatal life heightens obesity-induced hypertension and is linked to a greater metabolic compromise in female mice. Int J Obes (Lond). 2018 Jul;42(7):1354-1365. doi: 10.1038/s41366-018-0035-z. Epub 2018 Feb 23.
citation: Wainstock T, Shoham-Vardi I, Glasser S, Anteby E, Lerner-Geva L. Fetal sex modifies effects of prenatal stress exposure and adverse birth outcomes. Stress. 2015 Jan;18(1):49-56. doi: 10.3109/10253890.2014.974153. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
citation: Barrett ES, Swan SH. Stress and Androgen Activity During Fetal Development. Endocrinology. 2015 Oct;156(10):3435-41. doi: 10.1210/en.2015-1335. Epub 2015 Aug 4.
citation: Shiozaki A, Matsuda Y, Satoh S, Saito S. Impact of fetal sex in pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia in Japan. J Reprod Immunol. 2011 May;89(2):133-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.12.011. Epub 2011 Apr 22.
citation: Taylor BD, Ness RB, Klebanoff MA, Tang G, Roberts JM, Hougaard DM, Skogstrand K, Haggerty CL. The impact of female fetal sex on preeclampsia and the maternal immune milieu. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2018 Apr;12:53-57. doi: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.02.009. Epub 2018 Feb 24.
citation: Jaskolka D, Retnakaran R, Zinman B, Kramer CK. Fetal sex and maternal risk of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG. 2017 Mar;124(4):553-560. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.14163. Epub 2016 Jun 17.
citation: Valdiviezo C, Garovic VD, Ouyang P. Preeclampsia and hypertensive disease in pregnancy: their contributions to cardiovascular risk. Clin Cardiol. 2012 Mar;35(3):160-5. doi: 10.1002/clc.21965.
citation: Davis EF, Lazdam M, Lewandowski AJ, Worton SA, Kelly B, Kenworthy Y, Adwani S, Wilkinson AR, McCormick K, Sargent I, Redman C, Leeson P. Cardiovascular risk factors in children and young adults born to preeclamptic pregnancies: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2012 Jun;129(6):e1552-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-3093. Epub 2012 May 21.
citation: Daniels SR, Pratt CA, Hayman LL. Reduction of risk for cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents. Circulation. 2011 Oct 11;124(15):1673-86. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.016170. No abstract available.
citation: Daniels SR, Pratt CA, Hollister EB, Labarthe D, Cohen DA, Walker JR, Beech BM, Balagopal PB, Beebe DW, Gillman MW, Goodrich JM, Jaquish C, Kit B, Miller AL, Olds D, Oken E, Rajakumar K, Sherwood NE, Spruijt-Metz D, Steinberger J, Suglia SF, Teitelbaum SL, Urbina EM, Van Horn L, Ward D, Young ME. Promoting Cardiovascular Health in Early Childhood and Transitions in Childhood through Adolescence: A Workshop Report. J Pediatr. 2019 Jun;209:240-251.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.01.042. Epub 2019 Mar 20. No abstract available.
citation: Van Buren DJ, Tibbs TL. Lifestyle interventions to reduce diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk among children. Curr Diab Rep. 2014 Dec;14(12):557. doi: 10.1007/s11892-014-0557-2.
citation: Sung-Chan P, Sung YW, Zhao X, Brownson RC. Family-based models for childhood-obesity intervention: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Obes Rev. 2013 Apr;14(4):265-78. doi: 10.1111/obr.12000. Epub 2012 Nov 9.
citation: Loveman E, Al-Khudairy L, Johnson RE, Robertson W, Colquitt JL, Mead EL, Ells LJ, Metzendorf MI, Rees K. Parent-only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Dec 21;2015(12):CD012008. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012008.
citation: Campbell F, Conti G, Heckman JJ, Moon SH, Pinto R, Pungello E, Pan Y. Early childhood investments substantially boost adult health. Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1478-85. doi: 10.1126/science.1248429.
citation: Brody GH, Yu T, Miller GE, Ehrlich KB, Chen E. Preventive parenting intervention during childhood and young black adults' unhealthful behaviors: a randomized controlled trial. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019 Jan;60(1):63-71. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12968. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
citation: Olds DL. Prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses: from randomized trials to community replication. Prev Sci. 2002 Sep;3(3):153-72. doi: 10.1023/a:1019990432161.
citation: Olds DL, Henderson CR Jr, Tatelbaum R, Chamberlin R. Improving the delivery of prenatal care and outcomes of pregnancy: a randomized trial of nurse home visitation. Pediatrics. 1986 Jan;77(1):16-28.
citation: Olds DL, Henderson CR Jr, Chamberlin R, Tatelbaum R. Preventing child abuse and neglect: a randomized trial of nurse home visitation. Pediatrics. 1986 Jul;78(1):65-78.
citation: Olds DL, Eckenrode J, Henderson CR Jr, Kitzman H, Powers J, Cole R, Sidora K, Morris P, Pettitt LM, Luckey D. Long-term effects of home visitation on maternal life course and child abuse and neglect. Fifteen-year follow-up of a randomized trial. JAMA. 1997 Aug 27;278(8):637-43.
citation: Olds D, Henderson CR Jr, Cole R, Eckenrode J, Kitzman H, Luckey D, Pettitt L, Sidora K, Morris P, Powers J. Long-term effects of nurse home visitation on children's criminal and antisocial behavior: 15-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1998 Oct 14;280(14):1238-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.14.1238.
citation: Eckenrode J, Campa M, Luckey DW, Henderson CR Jr, Cole R, Kitzman H, Anson E, Sidora-Arcoleo K, Powers J, Olds D. Long-term effects of prenatal and infancy nurse home visitation on the life course of youths: 19-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 Jan;164(1):9-15. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.240.
citation: Kitzman H, Olds DL, Henderson CR Jr, Hanks C, Cole R, Tatelbaum R, McConnochie KM, Sidora K, Luckey DW, Shaver D, Engelhardt K, James D, Barnard K. Effect of prenatal and infancy home visitation by nurses on pregnancy outcomes, childhood injuries, and repeated childbearing. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1997 Aug 27;278(8):644-52.
citation: Kitzman H, Olds DL, Sidora K, Henderson CR Jr, Hanks C, Cole R, Luckey DW, Bondy J, Cole K, Glazner J. Enduring effects of nurse home visitation on maternal life course: a 3-year follow-up of a randomized trial. JAMA. 2000 Apr 19;283(15):1983-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.283.15.1983.
citation: Olds DL, Kitzman H, Cole R, Robinson J, Sidora K, Luckey DW, Henderson CR Jr, Hanks C, Bondy J, Holmberg J. Effects of nurse home-visiting on maternal life course and child development: age 6 follow-up results of a randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2004 Dec;114(6):1550-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-0962.
citation: Olds DL, Kitzman H, Hanks C, Cole R, Anson E, Sidora-Arcoleo K, Luckey DW, Henderson CR Jr, Holmberg J, Tutt RA, Stevenson AJ, Bondy J. Effects of nurse home visiting on maternal and child functioning: age-9 follow-up of a randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2007 Oct;120(4):e832-45. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-2111.
citation: Kitzman HJ, Olds DL, Cole RE, Hanks CA, Anson EA, Arcoleo KJ, Luckey DW, Knudtson MD, Henderson CR Jr, Holmberg JR. Enduring effects of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses on children: follow-up of a randomized trial among children at age 12 years. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 May;164(5):412-8. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.76.
citation: Olds DL, Kitzman HJ, Cole RE, Hanks CA, Arcoleo KJ, Anson EA, Luckey DW, Knudtson MD, Henderson CR Jr, Bondy J, Stevenson AJ. Enduring effects of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses on maternal life course and government spending: follow-up of a randomized trial among children at age 12 years. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 May;164(5):419-24. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.49.
citation: Olds DL, Kitzman H, Knudtson MD, Anson E, Smith JA, Cole R. Effect of home visiting by nurses on maternal and child mortality: results of a 2-decade follow-up of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Sep;168(9):800-6. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.472.
citation: Conti G, Kitzman H, Smith JA, Olds DL. Effects of prenatal/Infancy home visiting on maternal and offspring obesity and blood pressure through age 18. In preparation.
citation: Olds DL, Robinson J, O'Brien R, Luckey DW, Pettitt LM, Henderson CR Jr, Ng RK, Sheff KL, Korfmacher J, Hiatt S, Talmi A. Home visiting by paraprofessionals and by nurses: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2002 Sep;110(3):486-96. doi: 10.1542/peds.110.3.486.
citation: Olds DL, Robinson J, Pettitt L, Luckey DW, Holmberg J, Ng RK, Isacks K, Sheff K, Henderson CR Jr. Effects of home visits by paraprofessionals and by nurses: age 4 follow-up results of a randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2004 Dec;114(6):1560-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-0961.
citation: Olds DL, Holmberg JR, Donelan-McCall N, Luckey DW, Knudtson MD, Robinson J. Effects of home visits by paraprofessionals and by nurses on children: follow-up of a randomized trial at ages 6 and 9 years. JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Feb;168(2):114-21. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.3817.
citation: Grundy E, Kravdal O. Do short birth intervals have long-term implications for parental health? Results from analyses of complete cohort Norwegian register data. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014 Oct;68(10):958-64. doi: 10.1136/jech-2014-204191. Epub 2014 Jul 9.
citation: Khatiwada S, Rajendra KC, Gautam S, Lamsal M, Baral N. Thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease patients. BMC Endocr Disord. 2015 Oct 29;15:65. doi: 10.1186/s12902-015-0063-9.
citation: Lawlor DA, Davey Smith G, Whincup P, Wannamethee G, Papacosta O, Dhanjil S, Griffin M, Nicolaides AN, Ebrahim S. Association between offspring birth weight and atherosclerosis in middle aged men and women: British Regional Heart Study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2003 Jun;57(6):462-3. doi: 10.1136/jech.57.6.462. No abstract available.
citation: Lawlor DA, Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. Birth weight of offspring and insulin resistance in late adulthood: cross sectional survey. BMJ. 2002 Aug 17;325(7360):359. doi: 10.1136/bmj.325.7360.359.
citation: Cronk L. Preferential parental investment in daughters over sons. Hum Nat. 1991 Dec;2(4):387-417. doi: 10.1007/BF02692198.
citation: Cronk, L. Parental Favoritism toward Daughters. Am Sci. 1993;81(3):272-279.
citation: Hopcroft, R. Parental status and differential investment in sons and daughters: Trivers-Willard Revisited. Soc Forces. 2005;83(3):1111-1136.
citation: Gibson MA. Does Investment in the Sexes Differ When Fathers Are Absent? : Sex-biased Infant Survival and Child Growth in Rural Ethiopia. Hum Nat. 2008 Sep;19(3):263-76. doi: 10.1007/s12110-008-9044-2.
citation: Veloudi P, Sharman JE. Methodological factors affecting quantification of blood pressure variability: a scoping review. J Hypertens. 2018 Apr;36(4):711-719. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001606.
citation: Lynch BM, Friedenreich CM, Khandwala F, Liu A, Nicholas J, Csizmadi I. Development and testing of a past year measure of sedentary behavior: the SIT-Q. BMC Public Health. 2014 Sep 1;14:899. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-899.
citation: Bull FC, Maslin TS, Armstrong T. Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ): nine country reliability and validity study. J Phys Act Health. 2009 Nov;6(6):790-804. doi: 10.1123/jpah.6.6.790.
citation: Subar AF, Thompson FE, Kipnis V, Midthune D, Hurwitz P, McNutt S, McIntosh A, Rosenfeld S. Comparative validation of the Block, Willett, and National Cancer Institute food frequency questionnaires : the Eating at America's Table Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Dec 15;154(12):1089-99. doi: 10.1093/aje/154.12.1089.
citation: Mollayeva T, Thurairajah P, Burton K, Mollayeva S, Shapiro CM, Colantonio A. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index as a screening tool for sleep dysfunction in clinical and non-clinical samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2016 Feb;25:52-73. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.01.009. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
citation: Searle SR. Linear models. New York, NY: Wiley;1971.
citation: McCullagh P, Nelder JA. Generalized linear models. London, England: Chapman and Hall/CRC;1983
citation: Schall R. Estimation in generalized linear models with random effects. Biometrika 1991;78(4):719-27.
citation: Russ Wolfinger & Michael O'connell (1993) Generalized linear mixed models a pseudo-likelihood approach, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 48:3-4, 233-243, DOI: 10.1080/00949659308811554
citation: Charles R. Henderson Jr & C.R. Henderson (1979) Analysis of covariance in mixed models with unequal subclass numbers, Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 8:8, 751-787, DOI: 10.1080/03610927908827798
citation: Laird NM, Ware JH. Random-effects models for longitudinal data. Biometrics. 1982 Dec;38(4):963-74.
citation: Ruppert D, Wand, MP, Carroll RJ. Semiparametric regression. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2003.
citation: Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc. 1958;53(282):457-481
citation: Klein JP. Competing risks. WIREs Comp Stat. 2010;2(3):333-339.
citation: Gray RJ. A class of K-sample tests for comparing the cumulative incidence of a competing risk. Ann Stat. 1988;16(3):1141-54.
citation: Cox, DR. Regression models and life-tables. J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol. 1972;34(2):187-220.
citation: MacKinnon DP, Lockwood CM, Hoffman JM, West SG, Sheets V. A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychol Methods. 2002 Mar;7(1):83-104. doi: 10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.83.
citation: Bollen KA. Structural equations with latent variables. New York, NY:Wiley;1989.
citation: Belloni A, Chernozhukov V, Hansen C. Inference on treatment effects after selection among high-dimensional controls. Rev Econ Stud. 2014;81(2):608-650.
citation: Bradley Efron. Trevor Hastie. Iain Johnstone. Robert Tibshirani.
citation: MR Osborne, B Presnell, BA Turlach, A new approach to variable selection in least squares problems, IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, Volume 20, Issue 3, July 2000, Pages 389-403, https://doi.org/10.1093/imanum/20.3.389
citation: Little RJA, Rubin DB. Statistical analysis with missing data, 2nd ed. New York, NY:John Wiley and Sons;2002.
citation: Olds DL, Kitzman H, Anson E, Smith JA, Knudtson MD, Miller T, Cole R, Hopfer C, Conti G. Prenatal and Infancy Nurse Home Visiting Effects on Mothers: 18-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Trial. Pediatrics. 2019 Dec;144(6):e20183889. doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-3889. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
citation: Cheng, S. The accumulation of (dis)advantage: The intersection of gender and race in the long-term wage effect of marriage. Am Sociol Rev. 2016;81(1):29-56.
citation: Waite LJ. Does marriage matter? Demography. 1995 Nov;32(4):483-507. No abstract available.
citation: .Ludwig, V., Brüderl, J. Is there a male marital wage premium? New evidence from the United States. Am Sociol Rev. 2018;83(4):744-770.
citation: Barr AB, Culatta E, Simons RL. Romantic relationships and health among African American young adults: linking patterns of relationship quality over time to changes in physical and mental health. J Health Soc Behav. 2013;54(3):369-85. doi: 10.1177/0022146513486652. Epub 2013 May 8.