Clinical trial NCT06808893: The Effects of Documentary and Psychiatric Interviewing Methods in Psychiatric Nursing Education
Official title: The Effects of Documentary and Psychiatric Interviewing Methods on Empathy, Attitude and Implicit Association in Psychiatric Nursing Education: A Randomized Controlled Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Mental Disorder
Stigma of Mental Illness
Nursing Education
Implicit Association Test
Keywords: Baccalaureate Nursing Education
Documentaries and Factual Films
Implicit Bias
Nursing Students
Mentally Ill
Lead sponsor: Sakarya University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2025-02-05
Enrollment: 44
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: The psychiatric interview group, which is the control group, will have at least one psychiatric interview and will be evaluated with the counselling nurse. The experimental group will have at least one psychiatric interview and the documentary 'Us, You, Them' with patient narratives will be evaluated with a counselling nurse.
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: Negative attitudes towards mental illnesses are an important problem that negatively affects both the social lives of individuals and the effectiveness of health services. Addressing these prejudices, developing empathy and promoting a patient-centred care approach are key goals that can be achieved through clinical experiences and structured educational programmes for nursing students. This single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial aims to examine the effects of documentaries and psychiatric interviews on nursing students' implicit associations, discriminatory attitudes and empathy skills towards mental illnesses. Within the scope of the study, nursing students working in a psychiatric ward will be divided into two groups: one group will work with documentaries including psychiatric interviews and patient narratives, while the other group will only conduct psychiatric interviews. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the Attitudes Towards Mental Patients Scale will be used to assess students' implicit associations and attitudes towards psychiatric patients, and the Jefferson Empathy Scale will assess their level of empathy. Data analysis will be performed using SPSS 25.0 software. Given the widespread stigmatisation of psychiatric patients, this study is expected to make a significant contribution to improving the quality of care provided by nursing students in psychiatric settings.

Detailed description: Discrimination and stigmatization towards psychiatric patients remain significant challenges, negatively impacting both individuals' quality of life and their access to healthcare services. These attitudes are not limited to the general public but are also observed among healthcare professionals, including nursing students. Such biases can affect the quality of care provided to psychiatric patients, as nursing students often perceive these individuals as aggressive or dangerous, leading to fear and hesitation in interacting with them. However, studies have shown that clinical placements and mental health education programs can reduce these negative attitudes by fostering empathy and understanding, supporting the development of a patient-centered care approach.

Psychiatric interviews and patient-centered documentaries are effective educational tools to address stigmatization and enhance empathy. Psychiatric interviews provide nursing students with structured opportunities to understand patients' biopsychosocial history, mental health needs, and coping strategies, fostering therapeutic communication skills. Similarly, documentaries featuring personal narratives of psychiatric patients help challenge stereotypes, promote empathy, and deepen students' understanding of mental illnesses. Research shows that combining such methods with academic content, concept mapping, and short films can significantly reduce stigmatization, improve social attitudes, and encourage inclusive practices in healthcare.

This study investigates how psychiatric nursing students' prejudices, discriminatory attitudes, and empathy skills towards mental illnesses can be improved through the use of psychiatric interviews and documentaries. By integrating these innovative approaches into nursing education, the study aims to reduce stigmatization, enhance empathy, and equip future healthcare professionals with the skills necessary to provide inclusive, high-quality care to psychiatric patients. This initiative ultimately seeks to contribute to the long-term improvement of mental health services and patient outcomes.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

(1) being a third-year undergraduate student; (2) doing clinical practice in an adult inpatient psychiatric ward; (3) showing normal cognitive functions; (4) having the ability to make sense of visual materials

Exclusion Criteria:

(1) being in clinical practice in community mental health centers and addiction treatment centers; (2) being in clinical practice in special education institutions; (3) having 80% or more absenteeism from clinical practice in adult inpatient psychiatric ward; (4) having 75% or more absenteeism from mental health and psychiatric nursing course; (5) having a psychiatric diagnosis and receiving active treatment

Primary outcomes:
measure: The Implicit Association Test (IAT)
timeFrame: Within 24 hours after 3 psychiatric interviews and documentary for the experimental group and after 3 psychiatric interviews for the control group
measure: The Attitudes Towards Mental Patients Scale
timeFrame: Within 24 hours after 3 psychiatric interviews and documentary for the experimental group and after 3 psychiatric interviews for the control group
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Jefferson Empathy Scale
timeFrame: Within 24 hours after 3 psychiatric interviews and documentary for the experimental group and after 3 psychiatric interviews for the control group
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Sakarya
country: Turkey
facility: Sakarya University
Study officials:
References:
citation: Bilge A, Palabiyik O. The Effect of Short Films About Mental Health and Disorders on Preventing Stigmatization in Nursing Education. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2017 Feb;31(1):88-92. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2016.09.006. Epub 2016 Sep 8.
citation: Li, Y., 2016. From "whom to blame" to "nothing to fear": documentary narratives, voices, and "dependent destigmatization" of severe mental patients (SMPs) in Hong Kong. Chin. J. Commun. 9 (4), 403-421. https://doi.org/10.1080/17544750.2016.1202293.
citation: Yildiz E. What Do Nursing Students Tell Us About Their Communication With People With Mental Illness? A Qualitative Study. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc. 2021 Nov-Dec;27(6):471-482. doi: 10.1177/1078390319892311. Epub 2019 Dec 3.
citation: Chou HJ, Tseng KY. The Experience of Emergency Nurses Caring for Patients with Mental Illness: A Qualitative Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 18;17(22):8540. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228540.
citation: Todorova L, Johansson A, Ivarsson B. Perceptions of ambulance nurses on their knowledge and competence when assessing psychiatric mental illness. Nurs Open. 2021 Mar;8(2):946-956. doi: 10.1002/nop2.703. Epub 2020 Nov 27.
citation: Ciydem E, Avci D. Effects of the psychiatric nursing course on students' beliefs toward mental illness and psychiatric nursing perceptions in Turkey. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2022 Jan;58(1):348-354. doi: 10.1111/ppc.12796. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
citation: Happell B, Gaskin CJ. The attitudes of undergraduate nursing students towards mental health nursing: a systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2013 Jan;22(1-2):148-58. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12022. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
citation: Sideras, S., McKenzie, G., Noone, J., Dieckmann, N.F., Allen, T.L., 2015. Impact of a simulation on nursing students' attitudes toward schizophrenia. Clin. Simul. Nurs. 11 (2), 134-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2014.11.005.
citation: Šimičić, M., 2023. Nurses' attitudes and stigma about mental illness and substance abuse. Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci. 11 (G), 98-104. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11713.
citation: Porfyri GN, Athanasiadou M, Siokas V, Giannoglou S, Skarpari S, Kikis M, Myroforidou A, Anoixa M, Zerakis N, Bonti E, Konsta A, Diakogiannis I, Rudolf J, Deretzi G. Mental health-related stigma discrimination and prejudices among Greek healthcare professionals. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 30;13:1027304. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1027304. eCollection 2022.
citation: Kohn L, Christiaens W, Detraux J, De Lepeleire J, De Hert M, Gillain B, Delaunoit B, Savoye I, Mistiaen P, Jespers V. Barriers to Somatic Health Care for Persons With Severe Mental Illness in Belgium: A Qualitative Study of Patients' and Healthcare Professionals' Perspectives. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jan 26;12:798530. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.798530. eCollection 2021.
citation: Diatmika, I.P., Karmila, D., 2022. Stigma influence of the outcome (experiences, motivations, and obstacles) towards people with mental illness problems in Babaka Public Health Centre, Lombok. Berk. Kedokteran 18 (2), 161. https://doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v18i2.14492.
citation: Zhang Z, Sun K, Jatchavala C, Koh J, Chia Y, Bose J, Li Z, Tan W, Wang S, Chu W, Wang J, Tran B, Ho R. Overview of Stigma against Psychiatric Illnesses and Advancements of Anti-Stigma Activities in Six Asian Societies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 31;17(1):280. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010280.
citation: Singh GP, Chavan BS, Kaur P, Bhatia S. Physical illnesses among psychiatric outpatients in a tertiary care health institution: A prospective study. Indian J Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;48(1):52-5. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.31620.
citation: Rymaszewska J, Jarosz-Nowak J, Kiejna A, Kallert T, Schutzwohl M, Priebe S, Wright D, Nawka P, Raboch J. Social disability in different mental disorders. Eur Psychiatry. 2007 Apr;22(3):160-6. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.11.006. Epub 2007 Jan 16.
citation: Angermeyer MC, van der Auwera S, Carta MG, Schomerus G. Public attitudes towards psychiatry and psychiatric treatment at the beginning of the 21st century: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population surveys. World Psychiatry. 2017 Feb;16(1):50-61. doi: 10.1002/wps.20383.