Clinical trial NCT04176081: Study of Radiation Therapy in Combination With Darolutamide + Degarelix in Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer
Official title: A Prospective, Randomized, Open-label, Multi-centre, Phase II Trial Evaluating IDC/SChLAP1 as a Biomarker for Prediction of Response to Intensified Combined Modality Treatment
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Prostate Cancer
Keywords: Intraductal carcinoma
SChLAP1
Radiation therapy
Lead sponsor: University Health Network, Toronto
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Prostate Cancer Canada
name: Bayer
First posted: 2019-11-25
Enrollment: 208
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and second leading cause of cancer-related death. Men with PCa have a wide range of possible outcomes if the cancer has not spread and is classified as Intermediate-Risk PCa (IR-PCa).

The standard treatment for IR-PCa is radiation therapy (RT) with or without hormone therapy which can result in cure in some men. In other men, the cancer can come back or spread to other areas of the body. Treatment response in men with IR-PCa is highly variable. This uncertainty has led to significant under- and over-treatment.

This study aims to find out if the addition of intensive treatment (hormonal therapy: darolutamide + degarelix) to standard treatment for PCa will work better than standard treatment alone. To do this, some participants will receive hormone therapy and others will not. All participants will receive RT.

Currently, it is difficult to identify men who may require more intensive therapy. Current methods, such as using prostate specific antigen (PSA) alone, may not give the doctor enough information about who requires more intensive treatment. The researchers conducting this study believe that a particular arrangement of cancer cells \[called intraductal carcinoma (IDC)\] and the presence of a genetic marker called SChLAP1 can be used to identify people who would benefit from more intensive therapy.

Hormonal therapy such as with drugs called darolutamide (new drug for PCa) and Degarelix, reduce androgens (male hormones, such as testosterone) or block their effect on the cells. PCa cells require androgens to grow and divide, so removal of androgens may be effective in preventing the return of cancer following radiation therapy.

Although darolutamide has been studied in about 1000 men with PCa and seems promising and well tolerated it is considered an experimental drug, therefore it can only be used in a research study such as this one. Degarelix has been approved by Health Canada to treat PCa.

This is a phase 2, open label, randomized, controlled study and will be conducted across sites in Canada. To qualify, men must have IR-PCa and have both SChLAP1 and IDC present or both absent. Participants will be randomized to receive RT with hormone therapy or RT only. The study treatment period is 6 months for the RT + hormone therapy group. RT will take about 1-2 weeks. All participants will be followed for 5 years with multiple visits to assess safety and treatment effects.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male ≥ 18 years of age;
* Pathologic (histologic) proven diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma within 180 days prior to consent;
* PSA measurement performed within 60 days prior to consent;
* IR-PCa as per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria (PSA \>10 and \< 20 ng/mL and/or Gleason score 7 and/or T-category T2b-T2c clinical or ultrasound);
* UIR-PCa, at least one of the following:
* 2 or 3 NCCN IR-PCa criteria;
* Gleason score 4+3;
* \>50% diagnostic cores involved by adenocarcinoma;
* Clinically negative (N0) stage, as defined by pelvic-CT or pelvic-MRI within 4 months prior to consent;
* No evidence of bone metastases (M0) assessed by a bone scan within 4 months prior to consent;
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2;
* Able and willing to provide signed informed consent as per International Conference on Harmonization - Good Clinical Practices Guidelines (ICH-GCP) and applicable regulations.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Received any form of hormonal therapy such as bilateral orchiectomy, LHRH agonist/antagonist (e.g. goserelin, leuprolide, degarelix, etc.), anti-androgens (e.g. flutamide, bicalutamide, etc.), 5α-reductase inhibitors (e.g. finasteride, dutasteride, etc.) and/or estrogens within 1 year of consent;
* Received prior cytotoxic therapy for prostate cancer (e.g. taxanes, mitoxantrone);
* Currently taking medications that might cause toxicity if combined with darolutamide (see section 4.6);
* Hemoglobin \< 9.0 g/dL, independent of transfusion and/or growth factors, measured within 90 days prior to consent;
* Platelet count \< 100,000 × 109/μL, independent of transfusion and/or growth factors, within 90 days prior to consent;
* Serum albumin \< 3.0 g/dL within 90 days prior to consent;
* Abnormal renal function, assessed within 90 days prior to consent:
* Creatinine \> 2mg/dL;
* Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≤ 35 mL/min, estimated by Cockcroft-Gault formula or measured directly by 24 hour urine.
* Abnormal liver function assessed within 90 days prior to consent:
* Total bilirubin \> 1.5 times the upper limit of normal range;
* Aminotransferases (ALT or AST) \>1.5 times the upper limit of normal range;
* Currently on anticoagulant therapy for any indication (e.g. atrial fibrillation, valve replacement, pulmonary embolism, etc.);
* Any cardiac events (e.g. unstable angina, myocardial infarction and/or congestive heart failure;
* Does not agree to use highly effective method of birth control if he is having sex with a woman of childbearing potential or does not agree to use a condom if he is having sex with a woman who is pregnant while on study drug and for 4 weeks following the last dose of study drug;
* Known hypersensitivity (or known allergic reaction) to the study treatment(s) or any of its ingredients (as listed in Investigator's brochure);
* Planned initiation of alternative therapy for prostate cancer or investigational therapy;
* Participation in another interventional clinical trial during and / or within 3 months of consent for this study;
* Subject was previously randomized in this trial;
* Any psychological, familial, sociological or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; those conditions should be discussed with the patient before registration in the trial.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Recurrence Free Survival
timeFrame: Recurrence Free Survival will be monitored for a duration of 5 years.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Difference in RFS rates (as defined in primary outcome measure) between IDC/SChLAP1 and treatment groups.
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Incidence of early biochemical failure as defined by Pheonix criteria (i.e., within first 2 years of follow-up; surrogate of lethal disease).
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Rates of positive prostate biopsies (local failure) performed at time of recurrence as per standard of care.
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Testosterone levels
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Changes in prostate cancer-specific HRQoL as measured by abbreviated EPIC (urinary, bowel, sexual, and hormonal domains) questionnaire, as a function of treatment assignment
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Rate of maximal biochemical control, defined as 2 consecutive undetectable PSA (<0.05 ng/mL) during follow-up.
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Rates of positive molecular imaging results (local, regional and/or distant failure) performed at time of recurrence as per standard of care.
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Changes in prostate cancer-specific HRQoL as measured by SF-12 questionnaire, as a function of treatment assignment
timeFrame: 5 years
Other outcomes:
measure: Incidence of treatment-emergent Adverse Events
timeFrame: 5 years
measure: Tolerability of Treatment
timeFrame: 5 years
Locations:
city: Toronto
country: Canada
facility: UHN Princess Margaret Hospital
state: Ontario
Study officials:
affiliation: UHN Princess Margaret Cancer Centre
name: Neil Fleshner, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: UHN Princess Margaret Cancer Centre
name: Alejandro Berlin, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: