Clinical trial NCT04737629: Understanding the Effects of Water-related Appetite Expectancies on Caloric Intake in College Students
Official title: Understanding the Effects of Herbs on Attention, Coordination, and Taste
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: WITHDRAWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Appetitive Behavior
Weight Loss
Water
Energy Intake
Lead sponsor: University of Florida
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2021-02-04
Enrollment: 0
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Consuming large volumes of water has recently been identified as a common weight loss strategy among U.S. adults. It is a widespread belief that drinking water increases feelings of satiety and reduces food intake, which could contribute to long-term weight maintenance. Many studies have shown support for this, demonstrating water's ability to reduce hunger and energy intake. In some cases, increased water consumption was associated with weight loss. However, the mechanisms of how water affects food intake have been minimally explored. There is potential that the effect of water on reduced food intake and increased satiety is due to individuals' belief that water will reduce their appetite and food intake. The question remains if water expectancy has a meaningful influence on water's ability to reduce food intake. The investigators hypothesize that participants will report less hunger and consume fewer calories when given water and an expectancy that water will affect appetite, compared to a condition when given water and do not expect water to have an effect on appetite. We further hypothesize that calorie intake will not meaningfully differ when participants are given water with no expectancies compared to when given no water. During this experiment, the investigators will vary the presence of water and manipulate expectancies about water's effects on appetite across three conditions: (1) an expectancy and water condition; (2) an expectancy and no water condition; and (3) a no expectancy and water condition. In each condition, participants will engage in a bogus taste test and complete two short cognitive tasks for distraction purposes. In an effort to prevent demand characteristics, this study involves deception. Participants will be told that the research team is interested in testing the effects of three different mint herb variations on attention, coordination, and taste perceptions. After completing the cognitive tasks and taste test, participants will have a 10 minute period to eat as much of the remaining food as they'd like. Food will be weighed before and after this period (without the participant's knowledge) in order to determine caloric intake.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 - 65 years of age
* rating at least two foods from each category (chips/crackers and sweets/candies) on the food options list for the taste test as a 7 ("like moderately") or higher on a 9-point hedonic scale
* willing/able to come to the lab for three sessions

Exclusion Criteria:

* current smoker
* self-report of a current or past eating disorder diagnosis
* taking an appetite suppressant or stimulant medication
* currently engaged in a weight loss program
* currently pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant
* allergy to mint

Primary outcomes:
measure: Caloric intake
timeFrame: Through study completion, up to 9 weeks.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Appetite
timeFrame: Through study completion, up to 9 weeks.
measure: Physical activity
timeFrame: Assessed at baseline before any experiment administration.
measure: Restrained eating
timeFrame: Assessed at baseline before any experiment administration.
measure: Habitual water intake
timeFrame: Assessed at baseline before any experiment administration.
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
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