Clinical trial NCT06286007: Prevalence and Impact of Pertussis and RSV on Asthma Severity and Control
Official title: Prevalence and Impact of Pertussis and RSV on Asthma Severity and Control
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Asthma
Pertussis
RSV Infection
Keywords: Asthma
Pertussis
RSV Infection
Exacerbations
Lead sponsor: Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Translational Research In Airway Diseases Group (TRIAD)
name: CIBER of Respiratory Diseases CIBERES
name: Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña
name: Hospital de Galdakao
name: Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset
name: Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara
name: Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla
name: Hospital Universitario Vall d´Hebron
name: Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona
name: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
name: Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health
name: Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio
name: Fundación de Investigación Biomédica - Hospital Universitario de La Princesa
name: University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves
name: Fundació Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau
name: Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital
name: Hospital of Navarra
name: Hospital Universitario de Jerez de la Frontera
name: Hospital El Bierzo
name: Hospital Clinico Universitario San Cecilio
name: Hospital Donostia
name: Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias
name: Hospital Universitario de la Ribera
name: Hospital Costa del Sol
name: Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis
name: Hospital de Sagunto
name: Hospital Lluis Alcanyís de Xàtiva
name: Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti
name: Hospital del Mar
name: Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca
name: Hospital Clinic of Barcelona
First posted: 2024-02-29
Enrollment: 784
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 99
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Consecutive adult patients (18 years and over) with asthma diagnosed at least one year before will be enrolled from the asthma clinics of selected hospitals.

Every group (at each participating site) should include 35% of patients over 60 years old considering that this age-group has higher risk of infection and worse prognosis than the younger one.

Brief summary: The main objective is to estimate the annual symptomatic incidence of Bordetella pertussis and RSV infections in patients aged 18 years and over with asthma, which will be identified by PCR, for Bordetella pertussis and by PCR for RSV performed at a specific timepoint from onset of symptoms for each symptomatic Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI).

A multicentre prospective cohort study will be undertaken in Spain. Thirty-five centres from different autonomous communities in Spain will participate in the study.

Participants will be asked to report to the investigator if they experience an asthma exacerbation or symptoms of acute respiratory infection with 2 years follow up

Detailed description: The main objective is to estimate the annual symptomatic incidence of Bordetella pertussis and RSV infections in patients aged 18 years and over with asthma, which will be identified by PCR, for Bordetella pertussis and by PCR for RSV performed at a specific timepoint from onset of symptoms for each symptomatic Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI).

A multicentre prospective cohort study will be undertaken in Spain. Thirty-five centres from different autonomous communities in Spain will participate in the study.

Participants will be asked to report to the investigator if they experience an asthma exacerbation or symptoms of acute respiratory infection with 2 years follow up

Depending on the symptoms presented and date of symptom onset, For pertussis, patients will undergo a nasopharyngeal swab specimen for PCR if onset of the symptoms was within the past 3 weeks For RSV, patients will undergo a nasopharyngeal swab specimen for PCR if onset of the symptoms was within the past 72 hours.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patient (age 18 years and over)
* Diagnosed with asthma at least one year prior to the date of enrolment.
* Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, can and will comply with the requirements of the study protocol for the duration of the follow-up period (e.g. agree to provide samples for testing, able to attend for testing upon asthma exacerbation and/or ARI symptoms occurring)
* Patients who are able to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a prior history of pertussis in the last 12 months
* Patients with ARI within the 2 weeks prior to enrolment
* Patients who have another respiratory disease other than asthma, alcohol or drug abuse at the time of being included in the study, or an active oncological disease (patients in treatment or follow-up for oncological disease) or pregnant women.
* Patients treated with immunosuppressive or immunomodulating agents not related to asthma diagnosis. will be excluded.
* Patients vaccinated for RSV will be also excluded (NOTE: -Patients that have received an RSV (investigational) vaccine or medicine for any of the above, should be excluded from the study from the beginning. Patients that might be vaccinated in the upcoming years, while the study is still ongoing, can enrol. However, from the moment they receive a vaccine, they should be excluded and no additional data will be collected. Data collected during the study up until the time of vaccination will still be included in the analysis).
* Patients vaccinated for B. Pertussis during the previous 12 months will be also excluded.
* Patients who plan to move during the study period will be excluded.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Incidence of Bordetella pertussis and RSV infections in adult patients with asthma,
timeFrame: 2 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: To describe the seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis in adult patients with asthma
timeFrame: 2 years
measure: To describe the seroprevalence of RSV in adult patients with asthma
timeFrame: 2 years
measure: To evaluate the severity and control of the asthma caused by either BP or RSV infection
timeFrame: 2 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Santiago De Compostela
country: Spain
facility: Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela
state: A Coruña
Study officials:
References:
citation: Guiso N, Gallais JL, Gavazzi G, Pinquier D, Gaillat J. Incidence of pertussis in subjects aged 50years and older in France in 2013-2014. Med Mal Infect. 2018 Feb;48(1):30-36. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
citation: Weinberger R, Riffelmann M, Kennerknecht N, Hulsse C, Littmann M, O'Brien J, von Kries R, von Konig CHW. Long-lasting cough in an adult German population: incidence, symptoms, and related pathogens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 Apr;37(4):665-672. doi: 10.1007/s10096-017-3158-6. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
citation: Leong RNF, Wood JG, Liu B, McIntyre PB, Newall AT. High healthcare resource utilisation due to pertussis in Australian adults aged 65 years and over. Vaccine. 2020 Apr 23;38(19):3553-3559. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.03.021. Epub 2020 Mar 24.
citation: Mbayei SA, Faulkner A, Miner C, Edge K, Cruz V, Pena SA, Kudish K, Coleman J, Pradhan E, Thomas S, Martin S, Skoff TH. Severe Pertussis Infections in the United States, 2011-2015. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Jul 2;69(2):218-226. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy889.
citation: Jenkins VA, Savic M, Kandeil W. Pertussis in high-risk groups: an overview of the past quarter-century. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020 Nov 1;16(11):2609-2617. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1738168. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
citation: Martinon-Torres F, Heininger U, Thomson A, Wirsing von Konig CH. Controlling pertussis: how can we do it? A focus on immunization. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018 Apr;17(4):289-297. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1445530. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
citation: Martinón-Torres F. Expected and Unexpected Effects of Vaccination. In: Vesikari T, Van Damme P, editors. Pediatric Vaccines and Vaccinations, Cham (Switzerland): 2017, p. 3-13
citation: Aris E, Harrington L, Bhavsar A, Simeone JC, Ramond A, Papi A, Vogelmeier CF, Meszaros K, Lambrelli D, Mukherjee P. Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England. COPD. 2021 Apr;18(2):157-169. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1899155. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
citation: Randi BA, Sejas ONE, Miyaji KT, Infante V, Lara AN, Ibrahim KY, Lopes MH, Sartori AMC. A systematic review of adult tetanus-diphtheria-acellular (Tdap) coverage among healthcare workers. Vaccine. 2019 Feb 14;37(8):1030-1037. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.12.046. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
citation: Rubin K, Glazer S. The pertussis hypothesis: Bordetella pertussis colonization in the etiology of asthma and diseases of allergic sensitization. Med Hypotheses. 2018 Nov;120:101-115. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.08.006. Epub 2018 Aug 10.
citation: Martini H, Rodeghiero C, VAN DEN Poel C, Vincent M, Pierard D, Huygen K. Pertussis diagnosis in Belgium: results of the National Reference Centre for Bordetella anno 2015. Epidemiol Infect. 2017 Aug;145(11):2366-2373. doi: 10.1017/S0950268817001108. Epub 2017 Jun 5.
citation: Marchi S, Montomoli E, Remarque EJ, Monteverde Spencer GT, Azzarello A, Viviani S, Trombetta CM. Pertussis over two decades: seroepidemiological study in a large population of the Siena Province, Tuscany Region, Central Italy. BMJ Open. 2019 Oct 30;9(10):e032987. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032987.
citation: Brugueras S, Rius C, Millet JP, Casals M, Cayla JA; Barcelona Pertussis Working Group. Does the economic recession influence the incidence of pertussis in a cosmopolitan European city? BMC Public Health. 2019 Feb 4;19(1):144. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6448-3.
citation: Langsam D, Anis E, Haas EJ, Gosinov R, Yechezkel M, Grotto I, Shmueli E, Yamin D. Tdap vaccination during pregnancy interrupts a twenty-year increase in the incidence of pertussis. Vaccine. 2020 Mar 10;38(12):2700-2706. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.095. Epub 2020 Feb 15.
citation: Abu-Raya B, Maertens K, Edwards KM, Omer SB, Englund JA, Flanagan KL, Snape MD, Amirthalingam G, Leuridan E, Damme PV, Papaevangelou V, Launay O, Dagan R, Campins M, Cavaliere AF, Frusca T, Guidi S, O'Ryan M, Heininger U, Tan T, Alsuwaidi AR, Safadi MA, Vilca LM, Wanlapakorn N, Madhi SA, Giles ML, Prymula R, Ladhani S, Martinon-Torres F, Tan L, Michelin L, Scambia G, Principi N, Esposito S. Global Perspectives on Immunization During Pregnancy and Priorities for Future Research and Development: An International Consensus Statement. Front Immunol. 2020 Jun 24;11:1282. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01282. eCollection 2020.
citation: Campins M, Moreno-Perez D, Gil-de Miguel A, Gonzalez-Romo F, Moraga-Llop FA, Aristegui-Fernandez J, Gonce-Mellgren A, Bayas JM, Salleras-Sanmarti L. [Whooping cough in Spain. Current epidemiology, prevention and control strategies. Recommendations by the Pertussis Working Group]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2013 Apr;31(4):240-53. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2012.12.011. Epub 2013 Feb 12. Spanish.
citation: Redondo E, Rivero-Calle I, Mascaros E, Yuste JE, Fernandez-Prada M, Ocana D, Jimeno I, Gil A, Molina J, Diaz-Maroto JL, Linares M, Martinon-Torres F; en nombre de Neumoexpertos en Prevencion. [Vaccination against community acquired pneumonia in adults. Update 2021 of the position paper by Neumoexpertos en Prevencion Group]. Semergen. 2021 Sep;47(6):411-425. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2021.06.005. Epub 2021 Jul 29. Spanish.
citation: Kandeil W, Atanasov P, Avramioti D, Fu J, Demarteau N, Li X. The burden of pertussis in older adults: what is the role of vaccination? A systematic literature review. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019 May;18(5):439-455. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1588727. Epub 2019 Mar 25.
citation: Miyashita N, Akaike H, Teranishi H, Kawai Y, Ouchi K, Kato T, Hayashi T, Okimoto N. Diagnostic value of symptoms and laboratory data for pertussis in adolescent and adult patients. BMC Infect Dis. 2013 Mar 11;13:129. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-129.
citation: Schlaud M, Schmitz R, Poethko-Muller C, Kuhnert R. Vaccinations in the first year of life and risk of atopic disease - Results from the KiGGS study. Vaccine. 2017 Sep 12;35(38):5156-5162. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.111. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
citation: McDonald KL, Huq SI, Lix LM, Becker AB, Kozyrskyj AL. Delay in diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Mar;121(3):626-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.11.034. Epub 2008 Jan 18.
citation: Vogt H, Braback L, Kling AM, Grunewald M, Nilsson L. Pertussis immunization in infancy and adolescent asthma medication. Pediatrics. 2014 Oct;134(4):721-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0723. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
citation: Nagel G, Weinmayr G, Flohr C, Kleiner A, Strachan DP; ISAAC Phase Two Study Group. Association of pertussis and measles infections and immunizations with asthma and allergic sensitization in ISAAC Phase Two. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012 Dec;23(8):737-46. doi: 10.1111/pai.12007. Epub 2012 Sep 24.
citation: McKeever TM, Lewis SA, Smith C, Hubbard R. Vaccination and allergic disease: a birth cohort study. Am J Public Health. 2004 Jun;94(6):985-9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.6.985.
citation: Buck PO, Meyers JL, Gordon LD, Parikh R, Kurosky SK, Davis KL. Economic burden of diagnosed pertussis among individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the USA: an analysis of administrative claims. Epidemiol Infect. 2017 Jul;145(10):2109-2121. doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000887. Epub 2017 May 2.
citation: Capili CR, Hettinger A, Rigelman-Hedberg N, Fink L, Boyce T, Lahr B, Juhn YJ. Increased risk of pertussis in patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Apr;129(4):957-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.11.020. Epub 2011 Dec 28.
citation: Liu BC, McIntyre P, Kaldor JM, Quinn HE, Ridda I, Banks E. Pertussis in older adults: prospective study of risk factors and morbidity. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Dec;55(11):1450-6. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis627. Epub 2012 Jul 17.
citation: Harju TH, Leinonen M, Nokso-Koivisto J, Korhonen T, Raty R, He Q, Hovi T, Mertsola J, Bloigu A, Rytila P, Saikku P. Pathogenic bacteria and viruses in induced sputum or pharyngeal secretions of adults with stable asthma. Thorax. 2006 Jul;61(7):579-84. doi: 10.1136/thx.2005.056291. Epub 2006 Mar 3.
citation: De Serres G, Shadmani R, Duval B, Boulianne N, Dery P, Douville Fradet M, Rochette L, Halperin SA. Morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults. J Infect Dis. 2000 Jul;182(1):174-9. doi: 10.1086/315648. Epub 2000 Jun 30.
citation: Ristic M, Radosavljevic B, Stojanovic VD, Dilas M, Petrovic V. Performance of the new clinical case definitions of pertussis in pertussis suspected infection and other diagnoses similar to pertussis. PLoS One. 2018 Sep 20;13(9):e0204103. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204103. eCollection 2018.
citation: Wilkinson TMA, Van den Steen P, Cheuvart B, Baudson N, Dodet M, Turriani E, Harrington L, Meyer N, Rondini S, Taddei L, Mukherjee P. Seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis Infection in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in England: Analysis of the AERIS Cohort. COPD. 2021 Jun;18(3):341-348. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1920904. Epub 2021 May 6.
citation: GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020 Oct 17;396(10258):1204-1222. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9.
citation: Walsh EE. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: An Illness for All Ages. Clin Chest Med. 2017 Mar;38(1):29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.010. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
citation: Matsumoto K, Inoue H. Viral infections in asthma and COPD. Respir Investig. 2014 Mar;52(2):92-100. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2013.08.005. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
citation: Fleming DM, Taylor RJ, Lustig RL, Schuck-Paim C, Haguinet F, Webb DJ, Logie J, Matias G, Taylor S. Modelling estimates of the burden of Respiratory Syncytial virus infection in adults and the elderly in the United Kingdom. BMC Infect Dis. 2015 Oct 23;15:443. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-1218-z.
citation: Westerly BD, Peebles RS Jr. Respiratory syncytial virus infections in the adult asthmatic--mechanisms of host susceptibility and viral subversion. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2010 Nov;30(4):523-39, vi-vii. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2010.08.006. Epub 2010 Sep 22.
citation: Falsey AR, Hennessey PA, Formica MA, Cox C, Walsh EE. Respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly and high-risk adults. N Engl J Med. 2005 Apr 28;352(17):1749-59. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa043951.
citation: Falsey AR, Walsh EE, Capellan J, Gravenstein S, Zambon M, Yau E, Gorse GJ, Edelman R, Hayden FG, McElhaney JE, Neuzil KM, Nichol KL, Simoes EA, Wright PF, Sales VM. Comparison of the safety and immunogenicity of 2 respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccines--nonadjuvanted vaccine or vaccine adjuvanted with alum--given concomitantly with influenza vaccine to high-risk elderly individuals. J Infect Dis. 2008 Nov 1;198(9):1317-26. doi: 10.1086/592168.
citation: Widmer K, Griffin MR, Zhu Y, Williams JV, Talbot HK. Respiratory syncytial virus- and human metapneumovirus-associated emergency department and hospital burden in adults. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2014 May;8(3):347-52. doi: 10.1111/irv.12234. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
citation: Lee N, Lui GC, Wong KT, Li TC, Tse EC, Chan JY, Yu J, Wong SS, Choi KW, Wong RY, Ngai KL, Hui DS, Chan PK. High morbidity and mortality in adults hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Oct;57(8):1069-77. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit471. Epub 2013 Jul 21.
citation: Zambon MC, Stockton JD, Clewley JP, Fleming DM. Contribution of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus to community cases of influenza-like illness: an observational study. Lancet. 2001 Oct 27;358(9291):1410-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06528-x.
citation: Sundaram ME, Meece JK, Sifakis F, Gasser RA Jr, Belongia EA. Medically attended respiratory syncytial virus infections in adults aged >/= 50 years: clinical characteristics and outcomes. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Feb;58(3):342-9. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit767. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
citation: Griffin MR, Coffey CS, Neuzil KM, Mitchel EF Jr, Wright PF, Edwards KM. Winter viruses: influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-related morbidity in chronic lung disease. Arch Intern Med. 2002 Jun 10;162(11):1229-36. doi: 10.1001/archinte.162.11.1229.
citation: Bianchini S, Silvestri E, Argentiero A, Fainardi V, Pisi G, Esposito S. Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Pediatric Pneumonia. Microorganisms. 2020 Dec 21;8(12):2048. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8122048.
citation: Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study Group. Causes of severe pneumonia requiring hospital admission in children without HIV infection from Africa and Asia: the PERCH multi-country case-control study. Lancet. 2019 Aug 31;394(10200):757-779. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30721-4. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
citation: Loubet P, Voiriot G, Houhou-Fidouh N, Neuville M, Bouadma L, Lescure FX, Descamps D, Timsit JF, Yazdanpanah Y, Visseaux B. Impact of respiratory viruses in hospital-acquired pneumonia in the intensive care unit: A single-center retrospective study. J Clin Virol. 2017 Jun;91:52-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 Apr 22.
citation: Feddema JJ, Claassen E. Prevalence of viral respiratory infections amongst asthmatics: Results of a meta-regression analysis. Respir Med. 2020 Nov;173:106020. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106020. Epub 2020 May 15.
citation: Cilloniz C, Pericas JM, Rojas JR, Torres A. Severe Infections Due to Respiratory Viruses. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2022 Feb;43(1):60-74. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1740982. Epub 2022 Feb 16.
citation: Luyt CE. Virus diseases in ICU patients: a long time underestimated; but be aware of overestimation. Intensive Care Med. 2006 Jul;32(7):968-70. doi: 10.1007/s00134-006-0203-9. Epub 2006 May 24. No abstract available.
citation: Sigurs N, Gustafsson PM, Bjarnason R, Lundberg F, Schmidt S, Sigurbergsson F, Kjellman B. Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy and asthma and allergy at age 13. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Jan 15;171(2):137-41. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200406-730OC. Epub 2004 Oct 29.
citation: Stein RT, Sherrill D, Morgan WJ, Holberg CJ, Halonen M, Taussig LM, Wright AL, Martinez FD. Respiratory syncytial virus in early life and risk of wheeze and allergy by age 13 years. Lancet. 1999 Aug 14;354(9178):541-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)10321-5.
citation: Beasley R, Coleman ED, Hermon Y, Holst PE, O'Donnell TV, Tobias M. Viral respiratory tract infection and exacerbations of asthma in adult patients. Thorax. 1988 Sep;43(9):679-83. doi: 10.1136/thx.43.9.679.
citation: Gehlhar K, Bilitewski C, Reinitz-Rademacher K, Rohde G, Bufe A. Impaired virus-induced interferon-alpha2 release in adult asthmatic patients. Clin Exp Allergy. 2006 Mar;36(3):331-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02450.x.
citation: Grissell TV, Powell H, Shafren DR, Boyle MJ, Hensley MJ, Jones PD, Whitehead BF, Gibson PG. Interleukin-10 gene expression in acute virus-induced asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Aug 15;172(4):433-9. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200412-1621OC. Epub 2005 May 13.
citation: van Scott MR, Justice JP, Bradfield JF, Enright E, Sigounas A, Sur S. IL-10 reduces Th2 cytokine production and eosinophilia but augments airway reactivity in allergic mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2000 Apr;278(4):L667-74. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.2000.278.4.L667.
citation: Hancock GE, Scheuer CA, Sierzega R, Pryharski KS, McBride JT, Watelet LF, Tebbey PW, Smith JD. Adaptive immune responses of patients with asthma to the attachment (G) glycoprotein of respiratory synctial virus. J Infect Dis. 2001 Dec 15;184(12):1589-93. doi: 10.1086/324583.
citation: O'Sullivan S, Cormican L, Faul JL, Ichinohe S, Johnston SL, Burke CM, Poulter LW. Activated, cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes contribute to the pathology of asthma death. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Aug 15;164(4):560-4. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.4.2102018.
citation: Coyle AJ, Erard F, Bertrand C, Walti S, Pircher H, Le Gros G. Virus-specific CD8+ cells can switch to interleukin 5 production and induce airway eosinophilia. J Exp Med. 1995 Mar 1;181(3):1229-33. doi: 10.1084/jem.181.3.1229.
citation: Bjornsson E, Hjelm E, Janson C, Fridell E, Boman G. Serology of respiratory viruses in relation to asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Ups J Med Sci. 1996;101(2):159-68. doi: 10.3109/03009739609178920.
citation: Douville RN, Bastien N, Li Y, Simons FE, HayGlass KT. Adult asthmatics display exaggerated IFNgamma responses to human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. Biochem Cell Biol. 2007 Apr;85(2):252-8. doi: 10.1139/O07-005.
citation: Hirose H, Matsuse H, Tsuchida T, Fukahori S, Fukushima C, Mizuta Y, Kohno S. Cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of mite allergen-sensitized atopic adults stimulated with respiratory syncytial virus and mite allergen. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2008;146(2):149-55. doi: 10.1159/000113518. Epub 2008 Jan 18.
citation: Lukacs NW, Tekkanat KK, Berlin A, Hogaboam CM, Miller A, Evanoff H, Lincoln P, Maassab H. Respiratory syncytial virus predisposes mice to augmented allergic airway responses via IL-13-mediated mechanisms. J Immunol. 2001 Jul 15;167(2):1060-5. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.2.1060.
citation: Johnson TR, Parker RA, Johnson JE, Graham BS. IL-13 is sufficient for respiratory syncytial virus G glycoprotein-induced eosinophilia after respiratory syncytial virus challenge. J Immunol. 2003 Feb 15;170(4):2037-45. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.4.2037.
citation: McLaughlin JM, Khan F, Begier E, Swerdlow DL, Jodar L, Falsey AR. Rates of Medically Attended RSV Among US Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022 Jun 17;9(7):ofac300. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac300. eCollection 2022 Jul.
citation: Zhang Y, Sakthivel SK, Bramley A, Jain S, Haynes A, Chappell JD, Hymas W, Lenny N, Patel A, Qi C, Ampofo K, Arnold SR, Self WH, Williams DJ, Hillyard D, Anderson EJ, Grijalva CG, Zhu Y, Wunderink RG, Edwards KM, Pavia AT, McCullers JA, Erdman DD. Serology Enhances Molecular Diagnosis of Respiratory Virus Infections Other than Influenza in Children and Adults Hospitalized with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. J Clin Microbiol. 2016 Dec 28;55(1):79-89. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01701-16. Print 2017 Jan.
citation: Vega JM, Badia X, Badiola C, Lopez-Vina A, Olaguibel JM, Picado C, Sastre J, Dal-Re R; Covalair Investigator Group. Validation of the Spanish version of the Asthma Control Test (ACT). J Asthma. 2007 Dec;44(10):867-72. doi: 10.1080/02770900701752615.
citation: Juniper EF, Guyatt GH, Cox FM, Ferrie PJ, King DR. Development and validation of the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. Eur Respir J. 1999 Jul;14(1):32-8. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14a08.x.
citation: Dafauce L, Romero D, Carpio C, Barga P, Quirce S, Villasante C, Bravo MF, Alvarez-Sala R. Psycho-demographic profile in severe asthma and effect of emotional mood disorders and hyperventilation syndrome on quality of life. BMC Psychol. 2021 Jan 6;9(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40359-020-00498-y.
citation: Galan I, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Tobias A, Diez-Ganan L, Gandarillas A, Zorrilla B. Clustering of behavior-related risk factors and its association with subjective health. Gac Sanit. 2005 Sep-Oct;19(5):370-8. doi: 10.1157/13080135.
citation: Zeevat F, Luttjeboer J, Paulissen JHJ, van der Schans J, Beutels P, Boersma C, Postma MJ; RESCEU Investigators. Exploratory Analysis of the Economically Justifiable Price of a Hypothetical RSV Vaccine for Older Adults in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. J Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 12;226(Suppl 1):S102-S109. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab118.
citation: Falsey AR, Walsh EE, Esser MT, Shoemaker K, Yu L, Griffin MP. Respiratory syncytial virus-associated illness in adults with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or congestive heart failure. J Med Virol. 2019 Jan;91(1):65-71. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25285. Epub 2018 Sep 24.