Clinical trial NCT06541392: The Efficacy of Proper Breakfast Times on Cognitive Function
Official title: The Effectiveness of Proper Breakfast Times on Cognitive Function and Health Outcomes Among College Students
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Eating, Time Restricted
Cognitive Change
Blood Pressure
Nutrition, Healthy
Lead sponsor: University of Muhammadiyah Aceh
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-08-07
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 24
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Brief summary: The goal of this cluster randomized controlled trial is to learn if a proper breakfast time may increase cognitive function. It will also learn about the effectiveness of proper breakfast time on health outcomes. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Does a proper breakfast time increase cognitive function and health outcomes?

Participants will:

* wake up in the morning at 6 o'clock
* Having breakfast at 6.30 - 7.30 am or 7.31-8.31 am, or having breakfast time according to their wishes.
* Having lunch started at 12.00 pm.

Detailed description: This experimental study uses a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial non-blinding parallel method design. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of proper breakfast time on cognitive function including the focus on learning and mood among university students. Additionally, the study determines health outcomes such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and macro and micronutrient intake. There are a total of 60 participants from three different faculties. All faculties will be randomly selected and assigned to intervention group 1, intervention group 2, and the control group. Each group consists of 20 participants from each faculty in the university. Intervention Group 1 will have breakfast from 6:30 to 7:30 am, and Intervention Group 2 from 7:31 to 8:31 am. Meanwhile, the control group will continue their preferred breakfast routine. The intervention groups are required to wake up at 6:00 am and have lunch at 12:00 pm.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Active student in the year 2024
* Not in medication
* Do not have gastritis or any diseases that require to have breakfast earlier in the morning
* Willing to sign an informed consent
* Have health insurance

Exclusion Criteria:

* Abstain in the education session
* Having emotional and mental health problems
* Students in the final class who are undergoing the thesis writing

Primary outcomes:
measure: Focus
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Mood
timeFrame: 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Systolic blood pressure
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Diastolic blood pressure
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Heart rate
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: macro nutrition intake
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: micro-nutrition
timeFrame: 8 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Muhammadiyah Aceh
name: Riza Septiani, Ph.D
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Moreno-Aznar LA, Vidal Carou MDC, Lopez Sobaler AM, Varela-Moreiras G, Moreno Villares JM. [Role of breakfast and its quality in the health of children and adolescents in Spain]. Nutr Hosp. 2021 Apr 19;38(2):396-409. doi: 10.20960/nh.03398. Spanish.
citation: Baharuddin D, Said MA, Majid HA. Protocol For Intervention Study In Reducing Elevated Blood Pressure Through Intermittent Fasting. J Pak Med Assoc. 2023 Nov;73(11):2171-2176. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.7748.
citation: Crabtree DR, Holliday A, Buosi W, Fyfe CL, Horgan GW, Johnstone AM, On Behalf Of The Full Health-Study Group. The Acute Effects of Breakfast Drinks with Varying Protein and Energy Contents on Appetite and Free-Living Energy Intake in UK Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel). 2022 Jan 30;7(1):16. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics7010016.
citation: Dalgaard LB, Kruse DZ, Norup K, Andersen BV, Hansen M. A dairy-based, protein-rich breakfast enhances satiety and cognitive concentration before lunch in overweight to obese young females: A randomized controlled crossover study. J Dairy Sci. 2024 May;107(5):2653-2667. doi: 10.3168/jds.2023-24152. Epub 2023 Dec 21.
citation: Xian X, Wang C, Yu R, Ye M. Breakfast Frequency and Sleep Quality in College Students: The Multiple Mediating Effects of Sleep Chronotypes and Depressive Symptoms. Nutrients. 2023 Jun 8;15(12):2678. doi: 10.3390/nu15122678.