Clinical trial NCT06839456: Phase 1/2: CD45RA Depleted Stem Cell Addback to Prevent Viral or Fungal Infections Post TCRab/CD19 Depleted HSCT
Official title: Phase 1/2 Study: CD45RA Depleted Peripheral Stem Cell Addback to Prevent Viral and Fungal Infections Following Alternative Donor TCRab/CD19 Depleted Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Leukemia
High Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
High Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Relapse Leukemia
MDS (Myelodysplastic Syndrome)
Relapsed Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Acquired Aplastic Anemia
Inherited BMF Syndrome
Immunodeficiency
Primary Immune Regulatory Disorder
Hemoglobinopathies
Bone Marrow Failure
Inborn Errors of Metabolism
HLH
Keywords: alpha beta T cell depletion
CD45RA
CD45RO
GVHD prevention
Memory T cells
Lead sponsor: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2025-02-21
Enrollment: 100
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 1
Maximum age (years): 25
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SEQUENTIAL
Intervention model description: Use of CliniMACS based system for TCRαβ/CD19 Depleted Peripheral Stem Cells and CD45RA Depleted Peripheral Stem Cell Addback.

Approximately 90% of the peripheral stem cell (PSC) product will be processed using the CliniMACS system for TCRαβ and CD19 cell depletion. In addition, approximately 10% of the PSCs will undergo CD45RA depletion also using the CliniMACS system. Processing is completed in accordance with the Investigator Brochure and Technical Manual following the laboratory standard operating procedures (SOPs) and using aseptic technique.
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The major morbidities of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) using donors that are not human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched siblings are graft vs host disease (GVHD) and life- threatening infections. T cell receptor alpha beta (TCRαβ) T lymphocyte depletion and CD19+ B lymphocyte depletion of alternative donor hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) grafts is effective in preventing GVHD, but immune reconstitution may be delayed, increasing the risk of infections. The central hypothesis of this study is that an addback of CD45RO memory T lymphocytes, derived from a fraction of the original donor peripheral stem cell product depleted of CD45RA naïve T lymphocytes, will accelerate immune reconstitution and help decrease the risk of infections in TCRab/CD19 depleted PSCT.

Detailed description: The risk of severe graft versus host disease (GVHD) is increased with the use of unrelated and partially matched related donors. T cell depletion reduces the risk of severe GVHD, but immune reconstitution is delayed. Important memory T cells that may protect patients from fungal and viral infections are also removed in the T depletion process. CD45RA depletion has been studied both as a single step to reduce the risk of GVHD, and also, in conjunction with αβTCR depleted hematopoietic stem cell grafts to accelerate immune reconstitution. This single institutional trial builds on data from our protocol #18-015286, NCT03810196, "CD45RA Depleted Peripheral Stem Cell Addback for Patients at Risk for Viral or Fungal Infections Post-TCRαβ/CD19 Depleted Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant". This prior protocol was limited to patients with hematologic malignancies using only unrelated donors as the stem cell source.

This new study will broaden the eligible diagnoses to include non-malignant transplant indications and participants with greater than or equal to 5/10 HLA matched related donors (also known as haploidentical).

This will be a phase 1 and phase 2 study depending on the donor type. Phase 1 will include patients receiving cells from mismatched/haploidentical related donors. This will be a dose escalation study to determine the maximum tolerated cell dose of the CD45RA depleted addback. Once that dose is determined, patients with this donor type will be treated as part of phase 2.

Patients receiving their cells from unrelated donors ( 9/10 or 10/10 HLA matched) will be treated as part of phase 2 with the CD45RA depleted addback cell dose that was used on our prior study. Phase 1 and phase 2 will run concurrently.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Disease for which allogeneic HSCT may be curative.
2. Remission status of hematologic malignancies and additional disease-specific eligibility determinations will be according to standards of practice within the CHOP Cellular Immunotherapy and Transplant Program (CTTS).
3. Patients must be 25 years of age and less
4. Evaluation for organ and infectious status as per our CTTS standard operating procedure.
5. Signed consent by parent/guardian or able to give consent if 18 years of age and older.
6. Participants of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test as per institutional SOP.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who have performance score less than 60.
2. No suitable donor available for mobilized peripheral stem cells.
3. Patients with Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Burkitt, non-lymphoblastic lymphoma.
4. Planned receipt of alemtuzumab during conditioning.
5. Patients with an available 10/10 HLA matched sibling donor.
6. Patients who do not meet institutional disease, organ or infectious criteria.

Donor selection and eligibility:

1. Unrelated donor meets National Marrow Donor Program criteria for donation.
2. Related donor (at least haploidentical) willing and able to donate mobilized peripheral stem cells.
3. HLA testing/matching

   * HLA testing to be done by molecular methods for A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1
   * Related donor: Must be ≥ 5/10 match
   * Unrelated donor: 10/10 or 9/10 match
   * KIR typing for haploidentical donor for hematologic malignancies
   * Donor specific HLA antibodies (DSA) should be assessed for all subjects receiving an HLA mismatched graft (≤ 9/10).
4. Donor must be willing to undergo granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) mobilization and peripheral blood stem cell collection
5. Donors must be willing to sign consent to participate in this study.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Evaluate number of patients with acute graft vs host disease (aGVHD)
timeFrame: Up to 100 days post-transplantation
measure: Evaluate number of patients with chronic graft vs host disease (cGVHD)
timeFrame: Up to 2 years post-transplantation
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Evaluate time to immune reconstitution
timeFrame: 2 years
measure: Evaluate number of patients with viral reactivation
timeFrame: 2 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
state: Pennsylvania
Study officials:
affiliation: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
name: Timothy Olson, MD, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: