Clinical trial NCT03255928: Dynamics of Platelet Activation in Patients With Ventricular Assist Device (VAD)
Official title: Analysis of the Platelet Activity State in Patients Implanted With Ventricular Assist Device (VAD)
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Thrombosis
Blood Coagulation Disorder
Platelet Thrombus
Platelet Dysfunction Due to Aspirin
Failure;Ventricular
Keywords: Platelet activation
Ventricular Assist Device
Thrombosis
Bleeding
Antithrombotic Pharmacological Therapy
Mechanical Circulatory Support
Lead sponsor: Scientific Institute San Raffaele
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
First posted: 2017-08-21
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 75
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patient with end-stage heart failure receiving a mechanical circulatory support system

Brief summary: Consenting patients with end-stage heart failure that are implanted with/candidates for implant of a short-term/durable mechanical circulatory support device (e.g.: percutaneous microaxial pumps (Impella), extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO), Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) will be enrolled in the study.

Aim of the study is to evaluate the patients' haemostatic and coagulation profile, how it interacts with the support device as well as the effect of antithrombotic drugs. From these data, it will be possible to derive the mechanisms triggering post-implant thromboembolic/hemorrhagic complications and to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Detailed description: The study is aimed at evaluating the patients' haemostatic and coagulation profile focusing, in particular, on platelet function. Platelet function will be analyzed utilizing two innovative analytic diagnostic tests, namely i) the Platelet Activity State (PAS) assay and ii) the Thrombin Generation Test (TGT).

PAS values and TGT will be measured at different time-points over the course of support:

i) before the implant of the support system, to define baseline patients' characteristics; ii) in the early-post implant, during patient hospitalization; iii) during long-term follow up, to evaluate the dynamics of platelet function over the course of support and potential alterations of platelet-mediated haemostatic processes; iv) at the occurrence of any thromboembolic/hemorrhagic complication or following a modification of the antithrombotic pharmacological therapy.

Platelet function will be evaluated through:

i) the Platelet Activity State (PAS) assay, a biochemical assay able to quantify the platelet thrombin production rate and to correlate this rate with the actual level of platelet activation (i.e., the platelet pro-thrombotic tendency); ii) the Thrombin Generation Test (TGT), a biochemical assay that the investigators have properly modified to account selectively for the platelet contribution on plasmatic thrombin generation.

PAS and TGT experimental values will be correlated with the occurrences of post-implant complications. Experimental values will be also correlated with standard clinical parameters of coagulation and hemolysis, such as: platelet count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), International Normalized Ratio (INR), D-Dimer, Fibrinogen, L-lactate dehydrogenase, haptoglobin, plasma-free hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein levels. Also levels of thrombin-antithrombin complex, Von Willebrand factor, prothrombin1,2 fraction and tissue factor, will be measured and recorded. In addition, pump (i.e. VAD) working parameters (i.e., rotation velocity, cardiac outflow and power consumption) will be recorded. Log-files of the pump will be downloaded and analyzed to characterize the correlation with the development of adverse events (AV). Finally, antithrombotic therapy will be recorded and used in the study.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* All consenting patients candidates for short-term (Impella, ECMO) or durable (LVAD) mechanical circulatory support device implantation
* All consenting patients that are implanted with short-term (Impella, ECMO) or durable (LVAD) mechanical circulatory support device

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients \< 18-years old

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events. Change of PAS assay from baseline to 24 months post-implant
timeFrame: Through study completion. Specific time-points: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-implant and at the occurrence of any AE
measure: Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events. Change of TGT from baseline to 24-months post-implant
timeFrame: Through study completion. Specific time-points: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-implant and at the occurrence of any AE
measure: Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events. Change of clinical and coagulation parameters from baseline to 24-months post-implant
timeFrame: Through study completion. Specific time-points: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-implant and at the occurrence of any AE
measure: Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events. Change of pump working conditions after the device implant
timeFrame: Through study completion. Specific time-points: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-implant and at the occurrence of any AE
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events. Change of prescribed antithrombotic therapy (anticoagulation and antiplatelet drugs) from baseline to 24 months post-implant
timeFrame: Through study completion. Specific time-points: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-implant and at the occurrence of any AE
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Milano
country: Italy
facility: San Raffaele Scientifc Institute - Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit
state: MI
Study officials:
affiliation: San Raffaele Scientific Institute
name: Filippo Consolo, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Valerio L, Consolo F, Bluestein D, Tran P, Slepian M, Redaelli A, Pappalardo F. Shear-mediated platelet activation in patients implanted with continuous flow LVADs: A preliminary study utilizing the platelet activity state (PAS) assay. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2015 Aug;2015:1255-8. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2015.7318595.
citation: Consolo F, Sheriff J, Gorla S, Magri N, Bluestein D, Pappalardo F, Slepian MJ, Fiore GB, Redaelli A. High Frequency Components of Hemodynamic Shear Stress Profiles are a Major Determinant of Shear-Mediated Platelet Activation in Therapeutic Blood Recirculating Devices. Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 10;7(1):4994. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05130-5.
citation: Sheriff J, Girdhar G, Chiu WC, Jesty J, Slepian MJ, Bluestein D. Comparative efficacy of in vitro and in vivo metabolized aspirin in the DeBakey ventricular assist device. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2014 May;37(4):499-506. doi: 10.1007/s11239-013-0997-6.
citation: Sheriff J, Bluestein D, Girdhar G, Jesty J. High-shear stress sensitizes platelets to subsequent low-shear conditions. Ann Biomed Eng. 2010 Apr;38(4):1442-50. doi: 10.1007/s10439-010-9936-2. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
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citation: Slepian MJ, Sheriff J, Hutchinson M, Tran P, Bajaj N, Garcia JGN, Scott Saavedra S, Bluestein D. Shear-mediated platelet activation in the free flow: Perspectives on the emerging spectrum of cell mechanobiological mechanisms mediating cardiovascular implant thrombosis. J Biomech. 2017 Jan 4;50:20-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.016. Epub 2016 Nov 10.
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citation: Valerio L, Tran PL, Sheriff J, Brengle W, Ghosh R, Chiu WC, Redaelli A, Fiore GB, Pappalardo F, Bluestein D, Slepian MJ. Aspirin has limited ability to modulate shear-mediated platelet activation associated with elevated shear stress of ventricular assist devices. Thromb Res. 2016 Apr;140:110-117. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.01.026. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
citation: Consolo F, Sferrazza G, Motolone G, Contri R, Valerio L, Lembo R, Pozzi L, Della Valle P, De Bonis M, Zangrillo A, Fiore GB, Redaelli A, Slepian MJ, Pappalardo F. Platelet activation is a preoperative risk factor for the development of thromboembolic complications in patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist device. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018 Apr;20(4):792-800. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1113. Epub 2017 Dec 28.
citation: Consolo F, Pozzi L, Sferrazza G, Della Valle P, D'Angelo A, Slepian MJ, Pappalardo F. Which Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Device and Aspirin Allergy? Ann Thorac Surg. 2018 Feb;105(2):e47-e49. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.09.022.
citation: Consolo F, Sferrazza G, Motolone G, Pieri M, De Bonis M, Zangrillo A, Redaelli A, Slepian MJ, Pappalardo F. Shear-Mediated Platelet Activation Enhances Thrombotic Complications in Patients With LVADs and Is Reversed After Heart Transplantation. ASAIO J. 2019 May/Jun;65(4):e33-e35. doi: 10.1097/MAT.0000000000000842.
citation: Consolo F, Marasi A, Della Valle P, Bonora M, Pieri M, Scandroglio AM, Redaelli A, Zangrillo A, D'Angelo A, Pappalardo F. Bleeding in patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices: acquired von Willebrand disease or antithrombotics? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2022 Jun 15;62(1):ezab474. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab474.
citation: Consolo F, Pappalardo F. Real-Time Analysis of the Log Files of the HeartWare Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device for the Early Diagnosis of Pump Thrombosis: a Step Forward Toward Clinical Translation. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2022 Apr;15(2):408-415. doi: 10.1007/s12265-021-10157-1. Epub 2021 Jul 19.