Clinical trial NCT04202107: Dietary Assessment in Rwanda - Food Frequency Questionnaire
Official title: Development and Evaluation of a Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for Use in Urban and Rural Communities of Rwanda
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Dietary Assessment
Keywords: Dietary assessment
Food Frequency Questionnaire
multi-pass 24 hour food recall
semi-quantitative
Lead sponsor: University Ghent
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: University of Rwanda
name: Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Burkina Faso
First posted: 2019-12-17
Enrollment: 200
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 49
Standard ages: ADULT
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: In total, 100 participants will be selected from 100 households (one per household) in urban villages (mainly in Kigali) and the same number of participants from rural communities of Rwanda will be recruited in the validation study.

Brief summary: The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Rwanda is adding to the health burden in the country which is facing the nutritional transition and the double burden of malnutrition. Diet is an established risk factor in NCDs, hence the importance to assess accurately the changes in dietary habits occurring in the population. The objective is to develop and validate a food frequency questionnaire in Rwanda.

Detailed description: In many developing countries, including Rwanda, the lack of developed and validated questionnaires is among major challenges for dietary assessment in nutritional surveys. Questionnaires are mostly borrowed from other communities. This can increase the error range due to low adaptation to local context, especially when they are not validated and may not have similar objectives. One Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) does not capture dietary history in two different countries or regions, unless their diets are similar. Besides, the diet changes with time, where new foods are introduced in diet and others may disappear. In Rwanda, one FFQ has been developed to cover only the eastern part of the country, but none for the entire country (Cade et al., 2001; FAO, 2018). It is then very important to develop and validate an update and general FFQ that can be used across the country to measure the dietary intake to have a better interpretation of the study findings from the Rwandan context.

The overall objective is to develop and validate a semi-quantitative FFQ that can be used to assess the food and nutrient intake in urban and rural communities of Rwanda.

Specific objectives include:

1. To collect data on diet intake of selected participants by using a 24-H recall questionnaire that includes pictures on the approximate quantities consumed in each occasion.
2. To develop a list of food items from commonly consumed food by study participants using the compiled 24-h recall questionnaire to use for an FFQ development. Additionally, an open question format to collect information on foods consumed during social gathering and festivals will be used to include unreported foods. FFQ shall include additionally the food portion size, and the frequency of intake over a reference period of one year.
3. To assess the accuracy of the developed FFQ in estimating energy and nutrient intake using the 24-H dietary recall as a benchmark of accuracy.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Permanent residence of the selected urban or rural villages
* Holding a valid health insurance card
* Aged between 18 and 49 years
* Signing informed consent form
* Familiar with the diet and cooking practices
* Registration in city demographic system, since study participants will be selected from population registration cards at village level,
* Accept enumerators for home visit and data collection for one year

Exclusion Criteria:

* Mental disorders such as clinically diagnosed depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and addictive behaviors

Primary outcomes:
measure: Median proportion of energy intake from carbohydrates assessed by the 24 hour recalls
timeFrame: One year
measure: Median proportion of energy intake from carbohydrates assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire
timeFrame: One year
measure: Median proportion of energy intake from fat assessed by the 24 hour recalls
timeFrame: One year
measure: Median proportion of energy intake from fat assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire
timeFrame: One year
measure: Median proportion of energy intake from proteins assessed by the 24 hour recalls
timeFrame: One year
measure: Median proportion of energy intake from proteins assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire
timeFrame: One year
measure: Median daily intake of fibers assessed by the 24 hour recalls
timeFrame: One year
measure: Median daily intake of fibers assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire
timeFrame: One year
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Kigali
country: Rwanda
facility: University of Rwanda
Study officials:
affiliation: University Ghent
name: Stefaan De Henauw, Md. PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: UGent
name: Souheila Abbeddou, MSc. PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
name: Jerome Some, Md. PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: University of Rwanda
name: Hilda Vasanthakaalam, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Cade J, Thompson R, Burley V, Warm D. Development, validation and utilisation of food-frequency questionnaires - a review. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Aug;5(4):567-87. doi: 10.1079/PHN2001318.
citation: Aglago EK, Landais E, Nicolas G, Margetts B, Leclercq C, Allemand P, Aderibigbe O, Agueh VD, Amuna P, Annor GA, El Ati J, Coates J, Colaiezzi B, Compaore E, Delisle H, Faber M, Fungo R, Gouado I, El Hamdouchi A, Hounkpatin WA, Konan AG, Labzizi S, Ledo J, Mahachi C, Maruapula SD, Mathe N, Mbabazi M, Mirembe MW, Mizehoun-Adissoda C, Nzi CD, Pisa PT, El Rhazi K, Zotor F, Slimani N. Evaluation of the international standardized 24-h dietary recall methodology (GloboDiet) for potential application in research and surveillance within African settings. Global Health. 2017 Jun 19;13(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12992-017-0260-6.
citation: Shridhar K, Satija A, Dhillon PK, Agrawal S, Gupta R, Bowen L, Kinra S, Bharathi AV, Prabhakaran D, Srinath Reddy K, Ebrahim S; Indian Migration Study group. Association between empirically derived dietary patterns with blood lipids, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure in adults - the India migration study. Nutr J. 2018 Feb 8;17(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s12937-018-0327-0.