Clinical trial NCT01880515: Tetracycline as a Prophylaxis for Rash in Patients With NSCLC Receiving Treatment With BIBW2992 (Afatinib)
Official title: Phase II, Open-label, Single Blind, Randomised Clinical Trial With Tetracycline as a Prophylaxis for Rash and Dermatological Recommendations Versus Dermatological Recommendations in Patients With NSCLC Receiving Treatment With BIBW 2992
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Skin Rash
Lung Cancer
Keywords: Lung cancer
BIBW 2992
Skin Rash
Tetracycline
Afatinib
Lead sponsor: Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia de Mexico
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2013-06-19
Enrollment: 107
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: 1. Advanced NSCLC has a poor prognosis and the positive impact of chemotherapy is limited by the development of intrinsic and acquired resistance.
2. Over the past decade, less toxic agents such as the innovative targeted therapies, i.e. erlotinib or gefitinib, have the potential to improve the effectiveness and keep a good quality of life with a low toxicity
3. BIBW2992 (afatinib), an aniline-quinazoline, is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) irreversible inhibitor, and it has activity against erlotinib-resistant isoforms having mutations in EGFR and HER-2.
4. This molecule has shown benefits as a single agent in pre-treated patients who have progressed despite platinum-based chemotherapy, with a minimal toxicity compared to chemotherapy.
5. BIBW2992 is associated with adverse effects similar to those for erlotinib and gefitinib, such as rash and diarrhea. These symptoms can reduce the quality of life (QL) in patients and lead to inconsistent EGFR inhibitor dose administration
6. There is not a standard treatment for rash. However, case reports have tried to demonstrate the benefit in the treatment of these cutaneous injuries obtained with alcohol-free emollients, sunscreen with titanium dioxide or antibiotic (topic or oral) treatment regimens that include clindamycin or doxycycline, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroids and isotretinoin.
7. In order to reduce the incidence and severity of cutaneous toxicities, we will compare the prophylactic antibiotic treatment using tetracycline and general dermatological recommendations versus using only dermatological recommendations, in patients initiating the treatment with BIBW2992.

Detailed description: Case reports have tried to demonstrate the benefit in the treatment of rash obtained with: alcohol-free emollients used 2-3 times daily, sunscreen with titanium dioxide or zinc oxide with a skin protection factor (SPF) greater than 15, topic or oral antibiotic regimens (such as clindamycin, metronidazole, tetracyclines) when there is secondary infection as well as steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (betamethasone, triamcinolone) and isotretinoin.

The objective of this project is to evaluate whether the prophylactic treatment with tetracycline can reduce dermatological toxicities such as rash, induced by the EGFR and HER-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor BIBW 2992 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of non-operable, locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic, histologically or cytologically documented non-small cell lung cancer (stage IIIB or IV).

  * Patients should have an evidence of measurable disease.
  * 18 years or older
  * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group - Performance Status 0-3
  * At least 12 weeks of life expectancy
  * Patients with non-small cell lung cancer stages IIIB/IV who have received at least one cycle of platinum-based, first or second line systemic standard chemotherapy, and have a documented failure for this treatment.
  * More than 2 previous chemotherapy regimens are not allowed. The patients should have recovered from any toxic effect and at least 2 weeks should have elapsed from last dose before their entry (14 days for vinorelbine and other vinca alkaloids or gemcitabine). Patients who in the investigator's opinion are fully recovered from surgery for at least 4 weeks may also be considered for the study. Patients should have recovered from any severe toxicity (CTC \> 1) caused by any previous therapy.
  * Granulocyte count \> 1.5x 109/L and platelet count \> 100x 109/L.
  * Serum bilirubin \> 1.5 upper limit of normal (ULN)
  * AST and/or ALT \> 2 ULN (or \>5 x ULN when clearly attributable to presence of hepatic metastases).
  * Serum creatinine \> 1.5 ULN or creatinine clearance \< 60 mL/min
  * Capability to fulfill the study and follow-up procedures.
  * A negative pregnancy test should be obtained from all women of childbearing potential within 72 hours previous to therapy beginning.
  * Patients of reproductive potential should use effective contraceptive methods.
  * Written (signed) informed consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients allergic to the antibiotic therapy used.
* Any unsteady systemic disease (including active infection, uncontrolled hypertension, unsteady angina, congestive cardiac failure, hepatic, renal or metabolic disease).
* A previous treatment using a systemic anti-tumor therapy with EGFR inhibitors (tyrosine kinase inhibitors).
* Any other malignant pathology within 5 previous years (except for carcinoma in situ of cervix or basal-cell type skin cancer appropriately treated).
* Patients with cerebral metastases or spinal marrow compression recently diagnosed and/or definitely surgery and/or radiation naïve-treatment patients are excluded. Those with previously diagnosed and treated metastasis to Central Nervous System (CNS) or spinal marrow compression, having an evidence of steady disease (clinically steady in imaging studies) are accepted for at least 2 months.
* Any significant ophthalmologic abnormality, especially severe dry-eye syndrome, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Sjögren's syndrome, severe exposure keratitis and any other disorder that may increase the risk for corneal epithelial injure. Contact lens use during the study is not recommended. The decision to continue to use contact lens should be discussed with the oncologist responsible for patient treatment and the ophthalmologist.
* Patients who cannot take oral medication, requiring intravenous nutrition, who underwent previous surgical procedures affecting absorption, or with active peptic ulcer.
* Nursing women.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Frequency of Participants Who Experienced Any Grade of Rash As Characterized By The Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) V4.0
timeFrame: Percentage of adverse events at week 8
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Quality of Life (QoL)
timeFrame: from baseline to 6 months
measure: Progression Free-survival
timeFrame: 24 weeks from baseline
measure: Progression Free Survival
timeFrame: Participants will be followed for the duration of the treatment, an average of 8 weeks.
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Mexico City
country: Mexico
facility: Instituto Nacional de Cancerología
Study officials:
affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia de Mexico
name: Oscar Arrieta, M.D., M.Sc.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Modjtahedi H, Dean C. The receptor for EGF and its ligands - expression, prognostic value and target for therapy in cancer (review). Int J Oncol. 1994 Feb;4(2):277-96. doi: 10.3892/ijo.4.2.277.
citation: Salomon DS, Brandt R, Ciardiello F, Normanno N. Epidermal growth factor-related peptides and their receptors in human malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 1995 Jul;19(3):183-232. doi: 10.1016/1040-8428(94)00144-i. No abstract available.
citation: Rusch V, Mendelsohn J, Dmitrovsky E. The epidermal growth factor receptor and its ligands as therapeutic targets in human tumors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 1996 Aug;7(2):133-41. doi: 10.1016/1359-6101(96)00016-0.
citation: Davies DE, Chamberlin SG. Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor for therapy of carcinomas. Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 May 3;51(9):1101-10. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(95)02232-5.
citation: Eskens FA, Mom CH, Planting AS, Gietema JA, Amelsberg A, Huisman H, van Doorn L, Burger H, Stopfer P, Verweij J, de Vries EG. A phase I dose escalation study of BIBW 2992, an irreversible dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR) and 2 (HER2) tyrosine kinase in a 2-week on, 2-week off schedule in patients with advanced solid tumours. Br J Cancer. 2008 Jan 15;98(1):80-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604108. Epub 2007 Nov 20.
citation: C. Yang, J. Shih, W. Su, Et.Al. A phase II study of BIBW 2992 in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung and activating EGFR mutations (LUX-Lung 2).- J Clin Oncol 28: 15s, 2010 (Suppl; Abstr 7521).
citation: Yap TA, Vidal L, Adam J, Stephens P, Spicer J, Shaw H, Ang J, Temple G, Bell S, Shahidi M, Uttenreuther-Fischer M, Stopfer P, Futreal A, Calvert H, de Bono JS, Plummer R. Phase I trial of the irreversible EGFR and HER2 kinase inhibitor BIBW 2992 in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Sep 1;28(25):3965-72. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.26.7278. Epub 2010 Aug 2.
citation: C. Yang, J. Shih, T. Chao, C. Tsai, Et.Al. Use of BIBW 2992, a novel irreversible EGFR/HER2 TKI, to induce regression in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung and activating EGFR mutations: Preliminary results of a single-arm phase II clinical trial. J Clin Oncol 26: 2008
citation: Veale D, Ashcroft T, Marsh C, Gibson GJ, Harris AL. Epidermal growth factor receptors in non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer. 1987 May;55(5):513-6. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1987.104.
citation: Gatzemeier U, Pluzanska A, Szczesna A, Kaukel E, Roubec, Brennscheidt U, De Rosa F, Mueller B, Von Pawel J: Results of a phase III trial of erlotinib (OSI-774) combined with cisplatin and gemcitabine (GC) chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ASCO Annual Meeting 2004 abstract number 7010
citation: Herbst RS, Prager D, Hermann R, Fehrenbacher L, Johnson BE, Sandler A, Kris MG, Tran HT, Klein P, Li X, Ramies D, Johnson DH, Miller VA; TRIBUTE Investigator Group. TRIBUTE: a phase III trial of erlotinib hydrochloride (OSI-774) combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Sep 1;23(25):5892-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.02.840. Epub 2005 Jul 25.
citation: Li D, Ambrogio L, Shimamura T, Kubo S, Takahashi M, Chirieac LR, Padera RF, Shapiro GI, Baum A, Himmelsbach F, Rettig WJ, Meyerson M, Solca F, Greulich H, Wong KK. BIBW2992, an irreversible EGFR/HER2 inhibitor highly effective in preclinical lung cancer models. Oncogene. 2008 Aug 7;27(34):4702-11. doi: 10.1038/onc.2008.109. Epub 2008 Apr 14.
citation: Sharma SV, Bell DW, Settleman J, Haber DA. Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Mar;7(3):169-81. doi: 10.1038/nrc2088.
citation: Kobayashi S, Boggon TJ, Dayaram T, Janne PA, Kocher O, Meyerson M, Johnson BE, Eck MJ, Tenen DG, Halmos B. EGFR mutation and resistance of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib. N Engl J Med. 2005 Feb 24;352(8):786-92. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa044238.
citation: Maheswaran S, Sequist LV, Nagrath S, Ulkus L, Brannigan B, Collura CV, Inserra E, Diederichs S, Iafrate AJ, Bell DW, Digumarthy S, Muzikansky A, Irimia D, Settleman J, Tompkins RG, Lynch TJ, Toner M, Haber DA. Detection of mutations in EGFR in circulating lung-cancer cells. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 24;359(4):366-77. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0800668. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
citation: Takezawa K, Okamoto I, Tanizaki J, Kuwata K, Yamaguchi H, Fukuoka M, Nishio K, Nakagawa K. Enhanced anticancer effect of the combination of BIBW2992 and thymidylate synthase-targeted agents in non-small cell lung cancer with the T790M mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 Jun;9(6):1647-56. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-1009. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
citation: Rudin CM, Liu W, Desai A, Karrison T, Jiang X, Janisch L, Das S, Ramirez J, Poonkuzhali B, Schuetz E, Fackenthal DL, Chen P, Armstrong DK, Brahmer JR, Fleming GF, Vokes EE, Carducci MA, Ratain MJ. Pharmacogenomic and pharmacokinetic determinants of erlotinib toxicity. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Mar 1;26(7):1119-27. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.13.1128.
citation: Collen G., Vos L.E., Laurijsen A., Clasificación y tratamiento de los efectos secundarios de los inhibidorres del receptor de factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR) en piel, pelo, uñas y mucosas. European Journal of Cancer. 2007, Vol 43: 845-851
citation: Lacouture ME. Mechanisms of cutaneous toxicities to EGFR inhibitors. Nat Rev Cancer. 2006 Oct;6(10):803-12. doi: 10.1038/nrc1970.
citation: Topham E. Cutaneous manifestations of cancer and chemotherapy. Clin Med (Lond). 2009 Aug;9(4):375-9. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.9-4-375. No abstract available.
citation: Wacker B, Nagrani T, Weinberg J, Witt K, Clark G, Cagnoni PJ. Correlation between development of rash and efficacy in patients treated with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib in two large phase III studies. Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Jul 1;13(13):3913-21. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2610.
citation: Hammond-Thelin LA. Cutaneous reactions related to systemic immunomodulators and targeted therapeutics. Dermatol Clin. 2008 Jan;26(1):121-59, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2007.08.010.
citation: Hu JC, Sadeghi P, Pinter-Brown LC, Yashar S, Chiu MW. Cutaneous side effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors: clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 Feb;56(2):317-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.09.005. Epub 2006 Dec 1.
citation: Arrieta O, Vega-Gonzalez MT, Lopez-Macias D, Martinez-Hernandez JN, Bacon-Fonseca L, Macedo-Perez EO, Ramirez-Tirado LA, Flores-Estrada D, de la Garza-Salazar J. Randomized, open-label trial evaluating the preventive effect of tetracycline on afatinib induced-skin toxicities in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer. 2015 Jun;88(3):282-8. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.03.019. Epub 2015 Mar 28.