Clinical trial NCT01168271: Host and Parasite Factors That Influence Susceptibility to Malaria Infection and Disease During Pregnancy and Early Childhood in Ouelessebougou and Bamako, Mali
Official title: Host and Parasite Factors That Influence Susceptibility to Malaria Infection and Disease During Pregnancy and Early Childhood in Ouelessebougou and Bamako, Mali
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Malaria
Keywords: Observational
Newborns
Hospitalized
Febrile
Resistance
Natural History
Lead sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2010-07-23
Enrollment: 15000
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 1
Maximum age (years): 45
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Pregnant women presenting for antenatal consultations and delivery and their newborns; children aged 0-3 years in Ouelessebougou and Febrile children ages 0-10 years hospitalized and non-hospitalized in Ouelessebougou or the Pediatric service of Gabriel Toure Hospital in Bamako; Re-enrollees who were originally enrolled at birth and completed the Pregnant Women and Newborn Cohort

Brief summary: Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum continues to be a global problem with devastating consequences. A greater understanding of the immunologic and parasitologic factors associated with infection and disease is badly needed, and will accelerate the development of highly protective vaccines for both mothers and children. Pregnancy malaria is associated with low birth weight, maternal anemia, and gestational hypertension, and both inflammation and the fetal response to infection may contribute to these poor outcomes. Childhood malaria is a major cause of mortality, and we have found that risk of childhood malaria is related to in utero exposure to pregnancy malaria, as well as other host factors like iron status and constitutive cytokine levels. Pregnancy malaria is caused by a distinct parasite binding phenotype, and as our primary hypothesis in this study we speculate that severe childhood malaria parasites may also have distinct features. A longitudinal cohort study will be conducted in Ouelessebougou, Mali an area of intense seasonal transmission. Up to 2000 pregnant women and their infants and 2000 children ages 0 - 3 will be enrolled and followed to age 5 years, with clinical evaluation and periodic venous and peripheral blood samples obtained. In addition, 2000 febrile children up to age 10 years will be enrolled at the Ouelessebougou district health centers or the Gabriel Toure Pediatric Hospital in Bamako, Mali, with acute and convalescent samples being obtained and 500 pregnant women enrolled at the health centers and hospital in Ouelessebougou district or the Gabriel Toure Hospital in Bamako for a case-control study on pregnancy malaria and preeclampsia. Clinical, parasitologic and host response (including immunologic) endpoints will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, including possible confounders, to determine factors associated with infection and disease in pregnant woman and young children.

Detailed description: Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum continues to be a global problem with devastating consequences. A greater understanding of the immunologic and parasitologic factors associated with infection and disease is badly needed; and will accelerate the development of highly protective vaccines for both mothers and children. Pregnancy malaria is associated with low birth weight, maternal anemia, and gestational hypertension, and both inflammation and the fetal response to infection may contribute to these poor outcomes. Childhood malaria is a major cause of mortality, and we have found that risk of childhood malaria is related to in utero exposure to pregnancy malaria, as well as other host factors like iron status and constitutive cytokine levels. Pregnancy malaria is caused by a distinct parasite binding phenotype, and as our primary hypothesis in this study we speculate that severe childhood malaria parasites may also have distinct features. A longitudinal cohort study will be conducted in Ouelessebougou, Mali, an area of intense seasonal transmission. Up to 2000 pregnant women and their infants and 2000 children ages 0-3 years will be enrolled and followed to age 5 years, with clinical evaluation and periodic venous and peripheral blood samples being obtained. In addition, up to 3000 febrile hospitalized and non-hospitalized children up to age 10 years will be enrolled at the Ouelessebougou district health centers or the Gabriel Toure Pediatric Hospital in Bamako, Mali, with acute and convalescent samples being obtained and 500 pregnant women enrolled at the health centers and hospital in Ouelessebougou district or the Gabriel Toure Hospital in Bamako for a case-control study on pregnancy malaria and preeclampsia. Up to 1000 children originally enrolled at birth and completed the "pregnant women and their newborns study" will be re-enrolled and followed-up for up to 10 years as they age from later childhood through adolescence to early adulthood. Clinical, parasitologic and host response (including immunologic) endpoints will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, including possible confounders, to determine factors associated with infection and disease in pregnant women and young children.

Eligibility criteria: * INCLUSION CRITERIA:

A study participant must satisfy the following criteria to be enrolled in this study:

1. Pregnant women aged 15-45 years and their newborn infants who are residents of the district of Ouelessebougou for at least one year at the time of enrollment; OR
2. Children who previously participated in the 1st cohort of "pregnant women and their newborn infants", OR
3. Children aged 3 years or less, who are residents of the district of Ouelessebougou for at least one year at the time of enrollment, OR
4. Febrile hospitalized children (aged 0-10 years), including those with positive and negative blood smears for P. falciparum in Ouelessebougou or the pediatric service of Gabriel Toure Hospital in Bamako. Febrile non-hospitalized children (aged 0-10 years) with non-severe malaria will be recruited at outpatient clinics in Ouelessebougou district health hospital and nearby facilities, with no chronic or serious illness.
5. Pregnant women aged 15-25 in Ouelessebougou district health centers or maternity unit of Gabriel Toure Hospital in Bamako and for a case-control study of pregnancy malaria and preeclampsia. Cases include women with signs/symptoms of preeclampsia. Control pregnant women without signs/symptoms of preeclampsia will be recruited sequentially after identification of individual cases, matched for parity, age (+/-2 years) and pregnancy trimester.
6. The study participant or parent/guardian understands the study and gives informed consent for participation of themselves and/or their child, and agrees to have samples stored.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

A participant will be excluded from the study if any one or more of the following criteria are met:

1. Chronic, debilitating illness, other than malaria, determined by history and physical examination of mother or study participant.
2. Conditions that in the judgment of the investigator could increase the risk to the volunteer.
3. History of previous participation in a malaria vaccine trial.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Maternal, placental, parasite and host associated with resistence to malaria infection and diseases in children
timeFrame: up to 5 years for infants and children
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bamako
country: Mali
facility: Gabriel Toure Hospital
city: Ouelessebougou
country: Mali
facility: Ouelessebougou Clinical Research Center
Study officials:
affiliation: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
name: Patrick E Duffy, M.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Fried M, Nosten F, Brockman A, Brabin BJ, Duffy PE. Maternal antibodies block malaria. Nature. 1998 Oct 29;395(6705):851-2. doi: 10.1038/27570. No abstract available.
citation: Ho M, Singh B, Looareesuwan S, Davis TM, Bunnag D, White NJ. Clinical correlates of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum cytoadherence. Infect Immun. 1991 Mar;59(3):873-8. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.3.873-878.1991.
citation: Muehlenbachs A, Mutabingwa TK, Edmonds S, Fried M, Duffy PE. Hypertension and maternal-fetal conflict during placental malaria. PLoS Med. 2006 Nov;3(11):e446. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030446.
citation: Doritchamou JYA, Renn JP, Jenkins B, Mahamar A, Dicko A, Fried M, Duffy PE. A single full-length VAR2CSA ectodomain variant purifies broadly neutralizing antibodies against placental malaria isolates. Elife. 2022 Feb 1;11:e76264. doi: 10.7554/eLife.76264.
citation: Mahamar A, Gonzales Hurtado PA, Morrison R, Boone R, Attaher O, Diarra BS, Gaoussou S, Issiaka D, Dicko A, Duffy PE, Fried M. Plasma biomarkers of hemoglobin loss in Plasmodium falciparum-infected children identified by quantitative proteomics. Blood. 2022 Apr 14;139(15):2361-2376. doi: 10.1182/blood.2021014045.
citation: Mahamar A, Andemel N, Swihart B, Sidibe Y, Gaoussou S, Barry A, Traore M, Attaher O, Dembele AB, Diarra BS, Keita S, Dicko A, Duffy PE, Fried M. Malaria Infection Is Common and Associated With Perinatal Mortality and Preterm Delivery Despite Widespread Use of Chemoprevention in Mali: An Observational Study 2010 to 2014. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 20;73(8):1355-1361. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab301.
citation: Fried M, Kurtis JD, Swihart B, Pond-Tor S, Barry A, Sidibe Y, Gaoussou S, Traore M, Keita S, Mahamar A, Attaher O, Dembele AB, Cisse KB, Diarra BS, Kanoute MB, Dicko A, Duffy PE. Systemic Inflammatory Response to Malaria During Pregnancy Is Associated With Pregnancy Loss and Preterm Delivery. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 30;65(10):1729-1735. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix623.