Clinical trial NCT06923852: Acute Respiratory Disease as a Fulcrum Point to Quit Smoking: Evaluation of an ED-based Intervention
Official title: Acute Respiratory Disease as a Fulcrum Point to Quit Smoking: Evaluation of an ED-based Intervention
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Smoking Cessation
Emergency Department Visit
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs)
Lead sponsor: Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2025-04-11
Enrollment: 288
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: A total of 20,928 patients presented to the ED during the specified period and 2,018 of these patients were evaluated with acute respiratory complaints diagnosed with ARI. Of the patients admitted with ARI, 541 reported active smoking. Finally, 288 participants were accepted for the study.

Brief summary: This study aims to evaluate smoking cessation success rates using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) in smoking cessation treatment. The study has a retrospective design, analyzing data from patients who applied to a smoking cessation clinic to investigate the impact of nicotine dependence severity on quitting success.

Detailed description: Emergency departments (EDs) are among the most critical referral centers for individuals with health problems resulting from the direct and indirect effects of smoking. Individuals may be more motivated to change their smoking habits, especially during acute attacks of respiratory diseases. The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) and some organizations recommend that interventions for smoking cessation should be implemented by physicians and nurses in the form of counseling for patients with active smoking who receive treatment for acute respiratory infections (ARI) in EDs. However, interventions for smoking cessation are frequently performed in primary health care institutions and according to studies, a high majority of emergency physicians think that EDs are not the appropriate place for this intervention and are not included in their professional responsibilities.

The effect of nicotine dependence (ND) severity on smoking cessation has been shown in studies. Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) developed by Fagerström et al. is a widely used tool to measure the ND level of individuals. The Turkish validity and reliability study of the test was conducted by Uysal et al. In the approach to smoking cessation, ND level comes to the forefront in determining personalized intervention strategies. At high levels of addiction, nicotine replacement therapy or pharmacologic support is recommended because the physical and psychological dependence of individuals is more intense. In these cases, motivational counseling and regular follow-up are necessary during the cessation process. At moderate levels of addiction, nicotine replacement products or behavioral therapies are usually recommended, while less pharmacological intervention may be required. At low levels of addiction, behavioral support and counseling may be sufficient for smoking cessation. Pharmacologic treatment is usually not needed in these individuals, but education and awareness-raising methods that support smoking cessation can be used. Intervention with strategies appropriate to the level of ND is a crucial factor in increasing the success of smoking cessation.

When determining the assistance method in individuals who want to quit smoking; WHO recommends five major steps (5A) in smoking cessation treatment. In practice, the "Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange" approach is an evidence-based smoking cessation model that has been developed to provide effective interventions in a short time, especially in busy working environments.

This study aimed to examine the effects of short structured interviews with patients who presented to the ED due to ARI on smoking cessation behavior and to follow up for one month. It is aimed to evaluate the applicability of smoking cessation interventions on those with ARI in EDs.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who were active smokers and admitted to the emergency department with acute respiratory system complaints.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion criteria included individuals under 18 years of age, ASA class III-IV, pregnancy or breastfeeding, communication difficulties such as language barrier or cognitive impairment, psychotic behaviors or history of psychiatric treatment, and initiation of smoking cessation treatment.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Smoking cessation success on acute respiratory infections patients based on FTND score
timeFrame: Two periods as first week after intervention and first month after intervention.
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
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Study officials:
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