Clinical trial NCT04154592: The Effect of Humeral Head Depressor Muscle Co-Activation Training in Terms of Functional Outcomes
Official title: The Effect of Humeral Head Depressor Muscle Co-Activation Training on Functional Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery After Middle-Size Rotator Cuff Muscle Tear
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Rotator Cuff Tears
Surgery
Keywords: rotator cuff
tear
rehabilitation
Lead sponsor: Hacettepe University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-11-06
Enrollment: 24
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: Randomized
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Recent systematic reviews, and meta-analyses concluded that rotator cuff and scapular strengthening exercises should be included in rehabilitation programs for patients with middle-size rotator cuff muscle tear. Superior translation of the humeral head is one of the factors adversely affecting this rehabilitation process. Aside from rotator cuff muscles, opposition of superior humeral head translation can be achieved by the glenohumeral adductors (i.e. pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi muscles, and teres major), which act as humeral head depressors by means of the medio-inferior vector created by the orientation of their tendons. Recruitment of the glenohumeral adductors has been shown to decrease subacromial narrowing in elevated arms in asymptomatic individuals, and is thought to be a coping mechanism to decrease pain in individuals with rotator cuff tear. However, to the best of our knowledge, the efficacy of humeral head depressor muscle co-activation training on functional outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery after middle-size rotator cuff muscle tear has never been evaluated in patients with middle-size rotator cuff muscle tear. Since recruitment of those muscles could prevent a decrease in subacromial space during arm elevation, it could potentially lead to improved exercise performance, earlier benefits and better treatment outcomes compared to routine rotator cuff strengthening exercises. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the humeral head depressor muscle co-activation training on functional outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery after middle-size rotator cuff muscle tear.

Detailed description: Shoulder pain is one of the most common types of musculoskeletal pain syndroms in the general population as its prevalence has been estimated between 7% and 26% and its annual incidence between 0.9% and 2.5%. Rotator cuff tear is one of the most common causes of painful shoulders. Lack of coordination or weakness of scapulothoracic and scapulohumeral muscles is one of the main factors thought to lead to muscle tears in shoulder. More specifically, the inability of the scapular muscles to achieve superior rotation and posterior tilt, as well as the failure of rotator cuff muscles to counter the superior humeral head translation imposed by deltoid contraction can lead to impingement of the subacromial soft tissues while performing overhead dynamic tasks. This increases the rotator cuff tears' prevalance. Aside from rotator cuff muscles, opposition of superior humeral head translation can be achieved by the glenohumeral adductors (i.e. pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi muscles, and teres major), which act as humeral head depressors by means of the medio-inferior vector created by the orientation of their tendons. Recruitment of the glenohumeral adductors has been shown to decrease subacromial narrowing in elevated arms in asymptomatic individuals, and is thought to be a coping mechanism to decrease pain in individuals with rotator cuff tear. However, to the best of our knowledge, the efficacy of humeral head depressor muscle co-activation training on functional outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery after middle-size rotator cuff muscle tear has never been evaluated in patients with middle-size rotator cuff muscle tear. Since recruitment of those muscles could prevent a decrease in subacromial space during arm elevation, it could potentially lead to improved exercise performance, earlier benefits and better treatment outcomes compared to routine rotator cuff strengthening exercises. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the humeral head depressor muscle co-activation training on functional outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery after middle-size rotator cuff muscle tear.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* the presence of middle-sized (1-3 cm) rotator cuff muscle rupture,
* undergoing arthroscopic repair surgery,
* volunteering to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* presence of diabetic mellitus,
* stage 3 and above according to Goutallier classification,
* presence of any contraindication for mobilization (hypermobility, trauma, inflammation, etc.),
* visual, verbal, cognitive defects (aphasia, unilateral neglect, etc.),
* the presence of any neurological problem,
* the presence of cervical disc hernia.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Visual Analogue Scale (Pain)
timeFrame: 14 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: The Constant-Murley Score
timeFrame: 14 weeks
measure: Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC)
timeFrame: 14 weeks
measure: DASH Score
timeFrame: 14 weeks
measure: Oxford Shoulder Score
timeFrame: 14 weeks
measure: Range of Motion
timeFrame: 14 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Kırşehir
country: Turkey
facility: Kırşehir Ahi Evran University
Study officials:
References:
citation: Ryosa A, Kukkonen J, Bjornsson Hallgren HC, Moosmayer S, Holmgren T, Ranebo M, Boe B, Aarimaa V; ACCURATE study group. Acute Cuff Tear Repair Trial (ACCURATE): protocol for a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial on the efficacy of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. BMJ Open. 2019 May 19;9(5):e025022. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025022.
citation: Boudreau N, Gaudreault N, Roy JS, Bedard S, Balg F. The Addition of Glenohumeral Adductor Coactivation to a Rotator Cuff Exercise Program for Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Mar;49(3):126-135. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8240. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
citation: Overbeek CL, Kolk A, Nagels J, de Witte PB, van der Zwaal P, Visser CPJ, Fiocco M, Nelissen RGHH, de Groot JH. Increased co-contraction of arm adductors is associated with a favorable course in subacromial pain syndrome. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2018 Nov;27(11):1925-1931. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2018.06.015. Epub 2018 Sep 19.