Clinical trial NCT04745728: Different Immunosuppressive Treatment in iMN
Official title: Different Immunosuppressive Treatment in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: a Prospective Cohort
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
Lead sponsor: Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2021-02-09
Enrollment: 200
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The primary objective of this study is to compare the 24 month remission of different immunosuppressive therapies in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN)

Detailed description: To date, the first-line immunosuppressive immunosuppressive therapy of iMN includes corticosteroids combined with cyclophosphamide or rituximab (RTX). In recent randomized trials (MENTOR, GEMRITUX), the long-term remission rate of RTX is about 60%, which is similar to the remission rate of cyclophosphamide combined with corticosteroids in early studies. But there is only one published randomized trial (STARMEN) comparing the efficacy of the two protocols head-to-head. In STRAMEN trial, the long-term remission rate of cyclophosphamide+corticosteroids group was 83%, which was significantly higher than the that (58%) of the tacrolimus-RTX group. But in STRAMEN trial, only one single dose of RTX was given which might influence the efficacy of the tacrolimus-RTX arm. Therefore, head-to-head comparison of RTX (more than one dose) and cyclophosphamide+corticosteroid is needed. The optimal dose of RTX in the treatment of iMN is unclear. In MENTOR trial, RTX was given 1g on D1 and D15, and the rate of complete remission at 6 month was 0, so RTX was repeated at 6 month. Based on the experience of our center, most patients need at least one repeated dose of RTX at 6 month.

Based on the previous rationale, the investigators designed this study to compare the efficacy of cyclophosphamide plus corticosteroids with RTX in the treatment of iMN.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* idiopathic membranous nephropathy
* Female, must be post-menopausal, sterile or have effective contraception
* must be off steroid or mycophenolate mofetil for \>1 month and alkylating agents for or RTX\> 6 months
* Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) for ≥ 3 months with controlled blood pressure prior to beginning of immunosuppressive therapy or if patients are intolerant to ACEI/ARB.
* proteinuria ≥4g/24h and decreased ≤ 50% from baseline

Exclusion Criteria:

* presence of active infection or a secondary cause of membranous nephropathy
* proteinuria associated with diabetic nephropathy
* pregnancy or breast feeding
* history of resistance to rituximab or alkylating agents or corticosteroid
* Patients who previously achieved remission after treatment of rituximab or alkylating agents but relapsed off rituximab or alkylating agents after 6 months are eligible.

Primary outcomes:
measure: complete or partial remission on 24 month
timeFrame: 24 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: complete or partial remission on 6, 12 and 18 month
timeFrame: 6, 12 and 18 months
measure: complete remission on 6, 12, 18 and 24 month
timeFrame: 6, 12, 18 and 24 months
measure: time to complete or partial remission
timeFrame: from date of treatment until the date of first documented remission, up to 24 months
measure: change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)
timeFrame: 24 months
measure: serum creatinine increase ≥50 percent from baseline
timeFrame: 24 months
measure: rate of relapse
timeFrame: 12, 18, 24 months
measure: anti-PLA2R levels
timeFrame: baseline and 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months
measure: CD19+ B cell count
timeFrame: baseline and 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months
measure: Adverse events
timeFrame: through the study completion until 24 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Beijing
country: China
facility: Peking Union Medical College Hospital
state: Beijing
Study officials:
affiliation: Peking Union Medical College Hospital
name: Yan Qin
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Polanco N, Gutierrez E, Covarsi A, Ariza F, Carreno A, Vigil A, Baltar J, Fernandez-Fresnedo G, Martin C, Pons S, Lorenzo D, Bernis C, Arrizabalaga P, Fernandez-Juarez G, Barrio V, Sierra M, Castellanos I, Espinosa M, Rivera F, Oliet A, Fernandez-Vega F, Praga M; Grupo de Estudio de las Enfermedades Glomerulares de la Sociedad Espanola de Nefrologia. Spontaneous remission of nephrotic syndrome in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Apr;21(4):697-704. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2009080861. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
citation: Dahan K, Debiec H, Plaisier E, Cachanado M, Rousseau A, Wakselman L, Michel PA, Mihout F, Dussol B, Matignon M, Mousson C, Simon T, Ronco P; GEMRITUX Study Group. Rituximab for Severe Membranous Nephropathy: A 6-Month Trial with Extended Follow-Up. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jan;28(1):348-358. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016040449. Epub 2016 Jun 27.
citation: Fervenza FC, Appel GB, Barbour SJ, Rovin BH, Lafayette RA, Aslam N, Jefferson JA, Gipson PE, Rizk DV, Sedor JR, Simon JF, McCarthy ET, Brenchley P, Sethi S, Avila-Casado C, Beanlands H, Lieske JC, Philibert D, Li T, Thomas LF, Green DF, Juncos LA, Beara-Lasic L, Blumenthal SS, Sussman AN, Erickson SB, Hladunewich M, Canetta PA, Hebert LA, Leung N, Radhakrishnan J, Reich HN, Parikh SV, Gipson DS, Lee DK, da Costa BR, Juni P, Cattran DC; MENTOR Investigators. Rituximab or Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jul 4;381(1):36-46. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1814427.
citation: van den Brand JAJG, Ruggenenti P, Chianca A, Hofstra JM, Perna A, Ruggiero B, Wetzels JFM, Remuzzi G. Safety of Rituximab Compared with Steroids and Cyclophosphamide for Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Sep;28(9):2729-2737. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016091022. Epub 2017 May 9.
citation: Fernandez-Juarez G, Rojas-Rivera J, Logt AV, Justino J, Sevillano A, Caravaca-Fontan F, Avila A, Rabasco C, Cabello V, Varela A, Diez M, Martin-Reyes G, Diezhandino MG, Quintana LF, Agraz I, Gomez-Martino JR, Cao M, Rodriguez-Moreno A, Rivas B, Galeano C, Bonet J, Romera A, Shabaka A, Plaisier E, Espinosa M, Egido J, Segarra A, Lambeau G, Ronco P, Wetzels J, Praga M; STARMEN Investigators. The STARMEN trial indicates that alternating treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide is superior to sequential treatment with tacrolimus and rituximab in primary membranous nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2021 Apr;99(4):986-998. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.014. Epub 2020 Nov 7.
citation: Dahan K, Johannet C, Esteve E, Plaisier E, Debiec H, Ronco P. Retreatment with rituximab for membranous nephropathy with persistently elevated titers of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody. Kidney Int. 2019 Jan;95(1):233-234. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.045. No abstract available.