Clinical trial NCT03748056: Targeted Food Incentives to Improve Diet Quality and Health Among Adults
Official title: Individually-targeted Incentives, Diet Quality, and Health Outcomes Among Adults
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Diet Modification
Diet Habit
Lead sponsor: University of Rhode Island
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2018-11-20
Enrollment: 224
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to test whether individual-level targeted price incentives for healthier foods can improve the diet quality of grocery purchases made by adults in comparison to a "one size fits all" approach. To test this, the investigators plan to implement a 8-month randomized controlled cross-over trial. The intervention group will receive a small discount for using their loyalty card and weekly coupons for healthier foods (e.g. fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats and seafood, low-fat dairy) that are selected based on the individual's past purchase history, dietary preferences, their baseline diet quality, and their estimated likelihood of using the coupon. Individualized coupons will be automatically sent to customers' loyalty cards each week, and separate emails with appropriate nutrition education and information about the coupons will be sent to participants weekly. The control group will receive a small discount for using their loyalty cards during the first phase of the study (3-months), occasional untargeted coupons, and weekly emails with untargeted nutrition education. Following phase1, there will be a 2-month washout period, and then the intervention and control groups will cross over for the remaining 3-months of the study. The investigators will collect purchase data from all participants as well as food frequency questionnaires and other self-reported behavioral and health questions at baseline, after phase 1 completion, and after phase 2 completion. The investigators hypothesize that participants in the intervention group will meaningfully improve the overall quality of their food purchases (measured using the Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016) as well as their overall diet quality (measured using the Healthy Eating Index 2010.

Detailed description: A detailed description of Eligibility and outcome measures is entered elsewhere

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years or older
* Speaks English
* Non-store employee
* Primary shopper in the household
* Purchases at least half of weekly groceries at supermarket
* Not pregnant or planning on becoming pregnant before April 2019

Exclusion Criteria:

* Younger than 18 years of age
* Does not speak English
* Employee at supermarket
* Pregnant or planning to become pregnant before April 2019
* Not primary shopper for household
* Purchases less than half of weekly groceries at supermarket

Primary outcomes:
measure: Likelihood of purchasing targeted products
timeFrame: 3- 6- and 9-month changes within and between the intervention and control groups
measure: Grocery Purchase Quality Index (GPQI) 2016
timeFrame: 3, 6- and 9-month changes in the GPQI-16 and its components within and between the intervention and control groups
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Healthy Eating Index (HEI) -2010 for the primary shopper
timeFrame: 3, 6- and 9-month changes in the HEI-10 and its components within and between the intervention and control groups
measure: Percent expenditures within targeted categories
timeFrame: 3, 6- and 9-month changes in percent spending in targeted categories within and between the intervention and control groups
measure: Self-reported height and weight used to compute body mass index (BMI)
timeFrame: 3, 6- and 9-month changes in BMI
Other outcomes:
measure: Self-reported food neophobia as an effect modifier on the primary and secondary outcomes
timeFrame: Baseline and 9-months
measure: Self-reported food literacy as an effect modifier on the primary and secondary outcomes
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Coupon proneness as an effect modifier on the primary and secondary outcomes
timeFrame: Baseline and 9-months
measure: Nutritional self-efficacy as a modifier on the primary and secondary outcomes
timeFrame: Baseline
measure: Food security as a modifier on the primary and secondary outcomes
timeFrame: Baseline and 9-months
Locations:
city: Kingston
country: United States
facility: University of Rhode Island
state: Rhode Island
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Rhode Island
name: Maya Vadiveloo
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Damsbo-Svendsen M, Frost MB, Olsen A. A review of instruments developed to measure food neophobia. Appetite. 2017 Jun 1;113:358-367. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.02.032. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
citation: VAN TRIJP HCM, STEENKAMP J-BEM. Consumers' variety seeking tendency with respect to foods: Measurement and managerial implications. Eur Rev Agric Econ. 1992;19(2):181-195. doi:10.1093/erae/19.2.181.
citation: Grea Krause C, Beer-Borst S, Sommerhalder K, Hayoz S, Abel T. A short food literacy questionnaire (SFLQ) for adults: Findings from a Swiss validation study. Appetite. 2018 Jan 1;120:275-280. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.039. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
citation: Lichtenstein, Ridgway, and Netemeyer. (1993) Price perception Scales. Handbook of Marketing Scales.
citation: University of Minnesota. Project EAT - Epidemiology & Community Health Research. http://www.sphresearch.umn.edu/epi/project-eat/#EAT3. Accessed June 14, 2018.
citation: Blumberg SJ, Bialostosky K, Hamilton WL, Briefel RR. The effectiveness of a short form of the Household Food Security Scale. Am J Public Health. 1999 Aug;89(8):1231-4. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.8.1231.
citation: Vadiveloo MK, Parker HW, Thorndike AN. Participant Characteristics Associated with High Responsiveness to Personalized Healthy Food Incentives: a Secondary Analysis of the Randomized Controlled Crossover Smart Cart Study. J Nutr. 2023 Jan 14;152(12):2913-2921. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac197.
citation: Vadiveloo M, Guan X, Parker HW, Perraud E, Buchanan A, Atlas S, Thorndike AN. Effect of Personalized Incentives on Dietary Quality of Groceries Purchased: A Randomized Crossover Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Feb 1;4(2):e2030921. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.30921.