Clinical trial NCT05406011: Effect of Sour Cherry Anthocyanins on Healthy Human Saliva
Official title: Effect of Sour Cherry Anthocyanins (Cyanidin Components of Sour Cherry) on Human Saliva and Biofilm Formation
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Dental Caries
Lead sponsor: University of Debrecen
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2022-06-06
Enrollment: 20
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 45
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: The participants are subdivided in parallel groups by their age and according to the toothbrush change (to change or not to change the toothbrush) after scaling.
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: The experiment is based on earlier research where it was proven that chewing gum usage with anthocyanin rich sour cherry extract significantly reduces the amount of human salivary alpha-amylase in unstimulated saliva samples and stimulated saliva samples taken in every 10 minutes till a half an hour as compared to placebo. The S. mutans counts' number on agar base cultures were greater in case of the stimulated samples of placebo and anthocyanin containing chewing gum groups.

The investigators' aims were to extend the background of the earlier established phenomena: The sour cherry (anthocyanin) containing chewing gum usage (around 2 weeks, daily 3 times) is beneficent on the human oral microflora and cytokine level/expression.

Detailed description: The experiment is based on earlier research where it was proven that chewing gum usage with anthocyanin rich sour cherry extract significantly reduces the amount of human salivary alpha-amylase in unstimulated saliva samples and stimulated saliva samples taken in every 5 minutes till a half an hour as compared to placebo.

The investigators' study: Examination the effect of sour cherry anthocyanin containing chewing gum in a study taking a 3-week experimental period. At the beginning of experimental period oral and basic periodontal examination of the participants. Selection of healthy young adults (10 person) and adults (10 person), who has good oral hygiene, do not suffer from serious general disease and do not get respiratory infection treated with antibiotics in the past 2 months. Arranging saliva sampling on fixed appointments (between 12:00 and 14:00, 1st, 4th and 7th day of the week) through 3 weeks. On the 1. week, which is a control period taking of resting saliva samples and stimulated saliva samples from the participants. The stimulated saliva sampling is made after chewing of a gum without active ingredient. At the end of the control week a full mouth scaling is made and after it all of the participants get sour cherry containing chewing gums to chew 3x daily till 2 weeks, and the sampling occasions arranged on the same days as on the control week. After scaling 10 participant change their toothbrush, and 10 do not change. The saliva sample analyzation is placed in the Institute of Food Technology, the Department of Human Genetics and Department of Microbiology where they are frozen on -80 Celsius till the laboratory analysis.

16S (16 Svedberg) rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) sequencing is starting with DNA isolation by Inhibitor Removal Technology followed by sequencing with Illumina MiSeqSystem. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) analysis of saliva samples starting with RNA isolation of samples with MagMAX Viral Kit, followed by RNA transcription and qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction ) according to the Manufacturer's Instructions. ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) analysis with appropriate saliva analyzation kit for the listed cytokines as follows: Examined cytokines (PCR and ELISA): Interleukins: Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-2, Interleukin-6; TNF(tumor necrosis factor) alfa, Melatonin (ELISA) , Mucin 7 (ELISA) and Mucin-5B (5subtypeB) (ELISA).

The investigators' aims to are to extend the background of the earlier established phenomena: The sour cherry (anthocyanin) containing chewing gum usage (around 2 weeks, daily 3 times) is beneficent on the human oral microflora and cytokine level/expression.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* persons over than 18 years of age with a maximum age of 45 years,
* written informed consent,
* healthy dentition

Exclusion Criteria:

* smoking,
* infectious disease treated with antibiotic in the last two months,
* xerostomia,
* acute oral lesion,
* allergy (lactose),
* systemic or mental condition which contraindicate the participation.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Caries preventive action of sour cherry chewing gum
timeFrame: "Through 3 weeks of the study!"
measure: Action of sour cherry chewing gum in caries prevention
timeFrame: "During 3 study weeks!"
measure: Effect of sour cherry chewing gum in caries prevention
timeFrame: "Through study completion (3 weeks)!"
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Additional caries preventive action of toothbrush change during sour cherry chewing gum usage
timeFrame: "Till 3 weeks of the study!"
measure: Additional effect of toothbrush change in caries prevention during sour cherry chewing gum usage
timeFrame: "During 3 study weeks!"
measure: Additional action of toothbrush change in caries prevention during sour cherry chewing gum usage
timeFrame: "Through study completion (3 weeks)!"
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Debrecen
country: Hungary
facility: University of Debrecen
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Debrecen, Institute of Food Technology
name: Judit Remenyik, ass. prof.
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
affiliation: University of Debrecen, Faculty of Dentistry
name: Kinga Bágyi, ass. prof.
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Homoki J , Gyemant G , Balogh P , Stundl L , Biro-Molnar P , Paholcsek M , Varadi J , Ferenc F , Kelentey B , Nemes J , Remenyik J . Sour cherry extract inhibits human salivary alpha-amylase and growth of Streptococcus mutans (a pilot clinical study). Food Funct. 2018 Jul 17;9(7):4008-4016. doi: 10.1039/c8fo00064f.
citation: Homoki JR, Nemes A, Fazekas E, Gyemant G, Balogh P, Gal F, Al-Asri J, Mortier J, Wolber G, Babinszky L, Remenyik J. Anthocyanin composition, antioxidant efficiency, and alpha-amylase inhibitor activity of different Hungarian sour cherry varieties (Prunus cerasus L.). Food Chem. 2016 Mar 1;194:222-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.130. Epub 2015 Jul 29.