Clinical trial NCT00005528: Genetics of CVD Risk Factors in Samoans
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases
Heart Diseases
Obesity
Atherosclerosis
Lead sponsor: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2000-05-26
Sex: MALE
Maximum age (years): 100
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary: To evaluate the role of known genes involved in lipid metabolism on serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels in Samoans residing in American and Western Samoa, who were exposed to the biobehavioral changes of modernization.

Detailed description: BACKGROUND:

Modernizing Samoans are characterized by high levels of certain cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as extreme adiposity and high prevalences of obesity and hypertension. However, lipid levels in Samoans such as total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are not consistent with their obesity and not always consistent with ecological measures of modernization.

DESIGN NARRATIVE:

The cross-sectional study used serum lipid and lipoprotein and dietary data collected in 1994 and 1995 in American and Western Samoa to compare the American and Western Samoans. Quantitative determinations were made of lipid and apolipoprotein levels differences between the two groups. Estimates were made of the effects of dietary intake, body size, and smoking on lipid and apolipoproteins. Cross-sectional analyses were performed on genetic factors influencing lipid and lipoprotein levels. Statistical analyses were conducted to test hypotheses about gene-environment interactions and gene-gene interactions in polynesians from American Samoa and Western Samoa.

Diet, physical activity and body size vary with exposure to the influences of economic modernization and the adoption of non-traditional behaviors. Although adiposity and its central distribution, insulin, blood pressure and dietary cholesterol increase from Western Samoa to American Samoa, saturated fat intakes due to coconuts and cigarette smoking are greater in Western Samoa. Thus, modernization does not produce simple unilineal changes in risk factors. The investigators examined very specific hypotheses, based on the cross-sectional data collected in 1994 and 1995, about the influence of genes on lipids, about genetic interactions on lipids and about concrete environmental and specific gene interactions on lipid outcomes.

The study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the "End Date" entered in the Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS) record.

Eligibility criteria: No eligibility criteria

Primary outcomes:
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Pittsburgh
name: Mohammad Kamboh
References:
citation: Kamboh MI, McGarvey ST, Aston CE, Ferrell RE, Bausserman L. Plasma lipoprotein(a) distribution and its correlates among Samoans. Hum Biol. 2000 Apr;72(2):321-36.
citation: Newman JD, McGarvey ST, Steele MS. Longitudinal association of cardiovascular reactivity and blood pressure in Samoan adolescents. Psychosom Med. 1999 Mar-Apr;61(2):243-9. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199903000-00017.
citation: Galanis DJ, McGarvey ST, Quested C, Sio B, Afele-Fa'amuli SA. Dietary intake of modernizing Samoans: implications for risk of cardiovascular disease. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999 Feb;99(2):184-90. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(99)00044-9.
citation: Steele MS, McGarvey ST. Anger expression, age, and blood pressure in modernizing Samoan adults. Psychosom Med. 1997 Nov-Dec;59(6):632-7. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199711000-00013.
citation: Steele MS, McGarvey ST. Expression of anger by Samoan adults. Psychol Rep. 1996 Dec;79(3 Pt 2):1339-48. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1996.79.3f.1339.
citation: DePrince K, McGarvey ST, McAllister AE, Bausserman L, Aston CE, Ferrell RE, Kamboh MI. Genetic effect of two APOA repeat polymorphisms (kringle 4 and pentanucleotide repeats) on plasma Lp(a) levels in American Samoans. Hum Biol. 2001 Feb;73(1):91-104. doi: 10.1353/hub.2001.0006.
citation: Moffett S, Martinson J, Shriver MD, Deka R, McGarvey ST, Barrantes R, Ferrell RE. Genetic diversity and evolution of the human leptin locus tetranucleotide repeat. Hum Genet. 2002 May;110(5):412-7. doi: 10.1007/s00439-002-0715-5. Epub 2002 Apr 4.
citation: McGarvey ST, Forrest W, Weeks DE, Sun G, Smelser D, Tufa J, Viali S, Deka R. Human leptin locus (LEP) alleles and BMI in Samoans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002 Jun;26(6):783-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801996.
citation: Tsai HJ, Sun G, Weeks DE, Kaushal R, Wolujewicz M, McGarvey ST, Tufa J, Viali S, Deka R. Type 2 diabetes and three calpain-10 gene polymorphisms in Samoans: no evidence of association. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Dec;69(6):1236-44. doi: 10.1086/324646. Epub 2001 Nov 5.
citation: Choh AC, Gage TB, McGarvey ST, Comuzzie AG. Genetic and environmental correlations between various anthropometric and blood pressure traits among adult Samoans. Am J Phys Anthropol. 2001 Aug;115(4):304-11. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1086.