Clinical trial NCT04632628: Web-based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia in Dementia Caregivers
Official title: Web-based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia in Dementia Caregivers
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Insomnia Chronic
Dementia
Keywords: Dementia Caregiver
Sleep
Behavioral Interventions
Online Behavioral Intervention
Insomnia
Dementia
Lead sponsor: University of South Florida
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2020-11-17
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Over the next 30 years, more than 10 million persons living with dementia in the United States will receive care at home from an unpaid and untrained family caregiver. At home care is preferred by caregivers and persons with dementia alike, but increases the caregiver's risk of insomnia and related negative health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, cognitive disturbances and poor quality of life. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a highly effective and established evidence based treatment for adults of all ages. Although relatively understudied in dementia caregivers, the research by our group and others suggests CBT-I is also efficacious in caregivers. Our team developed a brief (4 session) CBT-I protocol specifically adapted for dementia caregivers (CBT-I) and has shown in person and remote (i.e. telehealth) delivery of this protocol significantly reduces insomnia symptoms and improves mood (moderate to large effects). Given demands on caregivers' time and limited availability of trained CBT-I providers, a web-based version of CBT-I (WebCBT-I; the online treatment will be called NiteCAPP) is needed to increase the accessibility of this efficacious treatment. WebCBT-I will allow for flexible at home scheduling, and the skills needed to monitor caregiver treatment progress can be quickly and efficiently taught to healthcare providers. The overarching goal of this project is to develop and test WebCBT-I in caregivers of persons with dementia.

Objectives

1. To examine the clinical and health characteristics, including sleep, pain, fatigue, cognitive abilities, and cardiovascular health in dementia caregivers with insomnia.
2. To examine changes in the primary clinical outcomes, including complaints of poor sleep, and fatigue.
3. To examine changes in the secondary clinical outcomes, including mood, daytime functioning, cognitive functioning, and cardiovascular health.
4. To examine the mechanistic variables, including arousal (heart rate variability, HRV).


Eligibility criteria: CAREGIVER

Inclusion Criteria:

* 18+ yrs
* Dementia caregiver living with person with dementia
* willing to be randomized, 4. read/understand English
* insomnia diagnosis
* no prescribed or over-the-counter sleep meds or stabilized 6+ weeks.

Insomnia:

* complaints for 6+ mos
* adequate opportunity and circumstances for sleep
* 1+ of the following: difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking too early
* daytime dysfunction (mood, cognitive, social, occupational) due to insomnia
* Screening interview indicates Insomnia Severity Index score ≥11 or Insomnia Severity Index score 9-10
* baseline diaries indicate \>30 mins of sleep onset latency or wake after sleep onset on 3+ nts.

Exclusion Criteria:

* unable to consent
* cognitive impairment \[Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) \<25 or Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) \<26\]
* sleep disorder other than insomnia \[i.e., sleep apnea (apnea/hypopnea index, AHI \>15)\]
* bipolar or seizure disorder
* other major psychopathology except depression or anxiety (e.g., suicidal ideation/intent, psychosis)
* severe untreated psychiatric comorbidity
* psychotropic or other medications (e.g., beta-blockers) that alter sleep
* non-pharmacological tx for sleep or mood outside current trial.

PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA

Inclusion Criteria:

* 18+ yrs
* Persons with dementia living with caregiver
* Have an eligible caregiver
* willing to be randomized

Exclusion Criteria:

• Person with dementia or legally authorized representative is unable to consent

Primary outcomes:
measure: Daily Electronic Sleep and Pain Diaries - Sleep Onset Latency
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Daily Electronic Sleep and Pain Diaries - Wake-time After Sleep Onset
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Daily Electronic Sleep and Pain Diaries - Total Sleep Time
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Daily Electronic Sleep and Pain Diaries - Sleep Efficiency
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Daily Electronic Sleep and Pain Diaries - Pain Intensity & Unpleasantness
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Daily Electronic Sleep and Pain Diaries - Medication Consumption
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Objective Daily Sleep Actiwatch-2 - Sleep Onset Latency
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Objective Daily Sleep Actiwatch-2 - Wake-time After Sleep Onset
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Objective Daily Sleep Actiwatch-2 - Total Sleep Time
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Objective Daily Sleep Actiwatch-2 - Sleep Efficiency
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Insomnia Severity Index
timeFrame: 6 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1)
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI- II)
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Dysfunctional Attitudes/Beliefs about Sleep (DBAS)
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Caregiver Functional Unit Scale
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Online Cognitive Assessment - Stroop
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Online Cognitive Assessment - Sternberg
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Online Cognitive Assessment - Wisconsin Card Sorting Task
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Cognitive Failures Questionnaire
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Dementia Patient's Caregiver Quality of Life Scale
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Zarit Burden Scale
timeFrame: 6 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Columbia
country: United States
facility: University of Missouri
state: Missouri
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Missouri-Columbia
name: Christina McCrae
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Rowe MA, McCrae CS, Campbell JM, Benito AP, Cheng J. Sleep pattern differences between older adult dementia caregivers and older adult noncaregivers using objective and subjective measures. J Clin Sleep Med. 2008 Aug 15;4(4):362-9.
citation: Fonareva I, Amen AM, Zajdel DP, Ellingson RM, Oken BS. Assessing sleep architecture in dementia caregivers at home using an ambulatory polysomnographic system. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2011 Mar;24(1):50-9. doi: 10.1177/0891988710397548.
citation: Beaudreau SA, Spira AP, Gray HL, Depp CA, Long J, Rothkopf M, Gallagher-Thompson D. The relationship between objectively measured sleep disturbance and dementia family caregiver distress and burden. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2008 Sep;21(3):159-65. doi: 10.1177/0891988708316857. Epub 2008 May 23.
citation: Creese J, Bedard M, Brazil K, Chambers L. Sleep disturbances in spousal caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Int Psychogeriatr. 2008 Feb;20(1):149-61. doi: 10.1017/S1041610207005339. Epub 2007 Apr 30.
citation: McCurry SM, Logsdon RG, Teri L, Vitiello MV. Sleep disturbances in caregivers of persons with dementia: contributing factors and treatment implications. Sleep Med Rev. 2007 Apr;11(2):143-53. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2006.09.002. Epub 2007 Feb 6.
citation: McCrae CS, Wilson NM, Lichstein KL, Durrence HH, Taylor DJ, Bush AJ, Riedel BW. 'Young old' and 'old old' poor sleepers with and without insomnia complaints. J Psychosom Res. 2003 Jan;54(1):11-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00543-3.
citation: Mahoney DF. Vigilance. Evolution and definition for caregivers of family members with Alzheimer's disease. J Gerontol Nurs. 2003 Aug;29(8):24-30. doi: 10.3928/0098-9134-20030801-07.
citation: McCrae CS, Curtis AF, Williams JM, Dautovich ND, McNamara JPH, Stripling A, Dzierzewski JM, Chan WS, Berry RB, McCoy KJM, Marsiske M. Efficacy of brief behavioral treatment for insomnia in older adults: examination of sleep, mood, and cognitive outcomes. Sleep Med. 2018 Nov;51:153-166. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.05.018. Epub 2018 Jun 2.
citation: Edinger JD, Wohlgemuth WK, Krystal AD, Rice JR. Behavioral insomnia therapy for fibromyalgia patients: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Nov 28;165(21):2527-35. doi: 10.1001/archinte.165.21.2527.
citation: McCrae CS, McGovern R, Lukefahr R, Stripling AM. Research Evaluating Brief Behavioral Sleep Treatments for Rural Elderly (RESTORE): a preliminary examination of effectiveness. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Nov;15(11):979-82. doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e31813547e6.
citation: Glass J, Lanctot KL, Herrmann N, Sproule BA, Busto UE. Sedative hypnotics in older people with insomnia: meta-analysis of risks and benefits. BMJ. 2005 Nov 19;331(7526):1169. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38623.768588.47. Epub 2005 Nov 11.
citation: Allain H, Bentue-Ferrer D, Polard E, Akwa Y, Patat A. Postural instability and consequent falls and hip fractures associated with use of hypnotics in the elderly: a comparative review. Drugs Aging. 2005;22(9):749-65. doi: 10.2165/00002512-200522090-00004.
citation: Trauer JM, Qian MY, Doyle JS, Rajaratnam SM, Cunnington D. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Aug 4;163(3):191-204. doi: 10.7326/M14-2841.
citation: Bertisch SM, Herzig SJ, Winkelman JW, Buettner C. National use of prescription medications for insomnia: NHANES 1999-2010. Sleep. 2014 Feb 1;37(2):343-9. doi: 10.5665/sleep.3410.
citation: Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD; Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Jul 19;165(2):125-33. doi: 10.7326/M15-2175. Epub 2016 May 3.
citation: McCurry SM, Gibbons LE, Logsdon RG, Vitiello MV, Teri L. Insomnia In Caregivers Of Persons With Dementia: Who Is At Risk And What Can Be Done About It? Sleep Med Clin. 2009 Dec 1;4(4):519-526. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2009.07.005.
citation: McCrae CS, Tierney CG, McNamara JP. Behavioral intervention for insomnia: Future directions for nontraditional caregivers at various stages of care. Clinical gerontologist. 2006;29(2):95-114.
citation: McCurry SM, Logsdon RG, Vitiello MV, Teri L. Successful behavioral treatment for reported sleep problems in elderly caregivers of dementia patients: a controlled study. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1998 Mar;53(2):P122-9. doi: 10.1093/geronb/53b.2.p122.
citation: McCrae CS, Tierney CG, McNamara JP. Behavioral Intervention for Insomnia: Future Directions for Nontraditional Caregivers at Various Stages of Care. Clinical Geropsychologist. 2005;29(2):95-115.
citation: Lichstein KL, Wilson NM, Johnson CT. Psychological treatment of secondary insomnia. Psychol Aging. 2000 Jun;15(2):232-40. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.15.2.232.
citation: Grant JS, Bartolucci AA, Elliot TR, Giger JN. Sociodemographic, physical, and psychosocial characteristics of depressed and non-depressed family caregivers of stroke survivors. Brain Inj. 2000 Dec;14(12):1089-100. doi: 10.1080/02699050050203586.
citation: Nezu AM, Nezu CM, Perri MG. Psychotherapy for adults within a problem-solving framework: Focus on depression. J Cogn Psychother. 1990;4(3):247-256.
citation: Pinquart M, Sorensen S. Differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in psychological health and physical health: a meta-analysis. Psychol Aging. 2003 Jun;18(2):250-67. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.250.
citation: Schulz R, Martire LM. Family caregiving of persons with dementia: prevalence, health effects, and support strategies. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004 May-Jun;12(3):240-9.
citation: Sakurai S, Onishi J, Hirai M. Impaired autonomic nervous system activity during sleep in family caregivers of ambulatory dementia patients in Japan. Biol Res Nurs. 2015 Jan;17(1):21-8. doi: 10.1177/1099800414524050. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
citation: Hasuo H, Kanbara K, Sakuma H, Yoshida K, Uchitani K, Fukunaga M. Self-Care System for Family Caregivers of Cancer Patients Using Resonant Breathing with a Portable Home Device: A Randomized Open-Label Study. J Palliat Med. 2019 Jan;22(1):18-24. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2018.0230. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
citation: Lee KC, Yiin JJ, Chao YF. Effect of integrated caregiver support on caregiver burden for people taking care of people with cancer at the end of life: A cohort and quasi-experimental clinical trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2016 Apr;56:17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.01.002. Epub 2016 Jan 12.
citation: Schulz R, O'Brien AT, Bookwala J, Fleissner K. Psychiatric and physical morbidity effects of dementia caregiving: prevalence, correlates, and causes. Gerontologist. 1995 Dec;35(6):771-91. doi: 10.1093/geront/35.6.771.
citation: Yates ME, Tennstedt S, Chang BH. Contributors to and mediators of psychological well-being for informal caregivers. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1999 Jan;54(1):P12-22. doi: 10.1093/geronb/54b.1.p12.
citation: McCrae CS, Dzierzewski JM, McNamara JP, Vatthauer KE, Roth AJ, Rowe MA. Changes in Sleep Predict Changes in Affect in Older Caregivers of Individuals with Alzheimer's Dementia: A Multilevel Model Approach. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2016 May;71(3):458-62. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbu162. Epub 2014 Nov 26.
citation: Caswell LW, Vitaliano PP, Croyle KL, Scanlan JM, Zhang J, Daruwala A. Negative associations of chronic stress and cognitive performance in older adult spouse caregivers. Exp Aging Res. 2003 Jul-Sep;29(3):303-18. doi: 10.1080/03610730303721.
citation: Vitaliano PP, Zhang J, Young HM, Caswell LW, Scanlan JM, Echeverria D. Depressed mood mediates decline in cognitive processing speed in caregivers. Gerontologist. 2009 Feb;49(1):12-22. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnp004. Epub 2009 Mar 18.
citation: Mackenzie CS, Smith MC, Hasher L, Leach L, Behl P. Cognitive functioning under stress: evidence from informal caregivers of palliative patients. J Palliat Med. 2007 Jun;10(3):749-58. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2006.0171.
citation: Oken BS, Fonareva I, Wahbeh H. Stress-related cognitive dysfunction in dementia caregivers. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2011 Dec;24(4):191-8. doi: 10.1177/0891988711422524.
citation: Astell A, Alm N, Gowans G, Ellis M, Dye R, Vaughan P. Involving older people with dementia and their carers in designing computer based support systems: some methodological considerations. Universal Access in the Information Society. 2009;8(1):49.
citation: Lichstein KL, Riedel BW, Grieve R. Fair tests of clinical trials: A treatment implementation model. Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy. 1994;16(1):1-29.
citation: Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.
citation: Hopkins R, Kilik L. Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale administration and interpretation manual. Kingston, Canada: Geriatric Psychiatry Programme, Providence Care, Mental...; 2012.
citation: Morin CM. Insomnia: Psychological assessment and management.Guilford Press; 1993.
citation: Morin CM, Belleville G, Belanger L, Ivers H. The Insomnia Severity Index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep. 2011 May 1;34(5):601-8. doi: 10.1093/sleep/34.5.601.
citation: Slotkin J, Kallen M, Griffith J, et al. NIH toolbox technical manual. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. 2012.
citation: Broadbent DE, Cooper PF, FitzGerald P, Parkes KR. The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. Br J Clin Psychol. 1982 Feb;21(1):1-16. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01421.x.
citation: Thomas P, Lalloue F, Preux PM, Hazif-Thomas C, Pariel S, Inscale R, Belmin J, Clement JP. Dementia patients caregivers quality of life: the PIXEL study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;21(1):50-6. doi: 10.1002/gps.1422.
citation: Bedard M, Molloy DW, Squire L, Dubois S, Lever JA, O'Donnell M. The Zarit Burden Interview: a new short version and screening version. Gerontologist. 2001 Oct;41(5):652-7. doi: 10.1093/geront/41.5.652.
citation: Beck AT, Steer RA, Garbin MG. Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition.San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1996.
citation: Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R, Vagg PR, Jacobs GA. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Form Y.Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1983.