Clinical trial NCT05894200: Effectiveness and Retention of Pit and Fissure Sealants in Rural Setup: A School-based Clinical Trial in Nepal
Official title: Effectiveness and Retention of Pit and Fissure Sealants in Rural Setup: A School-based Clinical Trial in Nepal
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Conditions: Dental Caries Pit and Fissure
Oral Disease
Keywords: Nepal
Oral health
Dental
Lead sponsor: Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: University Grants Commission
First posted: 2023-06-08
Enrollment: 377
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 6
Maximum age (years): 15
Standard ages: CHILD
Observational model: ECOLOGIC_OR_COMMUNITY
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Purposive sampling technique used among school children from Him Ganga secondary School, Shangutar, Ramechhap , Nepal

Brief summary: The program titled "Campus to Community: breaking the barrier in oral health education and dental care" is uniquely designed program to link University (Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences) to community (Sanghutar, Ramechhap). Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Teaching Hospital has established a model dental clinic in the premises of Him Ganga Secondary School, Shangutar which is operated by council registered Dentist and dental hygienist. The objective of this study is to assess oral health condition of the children aged 6-15 years of the school followed by application of pit and fissure sealant (PFS) in non-carious permanent molar and Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in carious permanent teeth. Data will be recorded according to the WHO Oral health assessment form for children, 2013 by a calibrated dentist from Dhulikhel Hospital and retention of PFS and efficacy of SDF application will be followed up after 6 months by the same investigators. The program is proposed with the expectation that proper oral hygiene prevention program combined with preventive procedures like pit and fissure sealant and SDF can reduce the burden of oral diseases in rural setup.

Detailed description: World Health Organization reported that untreated caries in permanent teeth is the most prevalent condition, affecting 3.5 billion people globally, which seems more aggressive in developing countries. Such untreated dental caries in permanent teeth is the most common health condition according to the global burden of disease 2019 which can be largely preventable and school based preventive program are the most effective one to overcome such problems. Acute or unplanned dental care accounted loss of 34 million school hours annually compared to children with very good oral health. Silver diamine fluoride is safe and effective alternative treatment for the children which can improve oral health outcomes for community members especially for individuals from low socioeconomic settings and can transform the concept of community dental caries program. pit and fissure sealants is very effective tool for caries prevention on an individual basis or as part of a public health measure for at - risk populations which can be applied both primary and secondary level of prevention. However in developing and underdeveloped countries, because of the lack of this preventive measure, every year children develop dental caries, pulpitis and ultimately extraction of permanent teeth which could otherwise be saved.

Methodology: Screening will be done in the school premises by the expert dentist from Kathmandu University School of Medical Science with sterilized Dental kit and head lamp taking universal precautions. Participants will be segregated according to class and respective class teachers will help them in screening accordingly. Both verbal and written consent will be taken from students, respective class teachers and parents if available.

World health organization, Oral Health Assessment form for Children, 2013 will be used to collect oral health data which includes demographic details, dentition status, gingival status, enamel fluorosis, Dental trauma, oral mucosal lesions, intervention urgency and dento-facial anomalies. After recording the data, Investigator will make a treatment plan and segregate the students according to the need for Silver diamine fluoride application, GIC pit and fissure sealant application or oral urgency treatment which will be coordinated by the available volunteers. All the students who participated in this study will be provided with fluoridated toothpaste and brush.

Pit and fissure sealant application: Deep pit and fissure will be identified and plaque removal is done with the toothbrush provided, conditioning will be done by conditioner liquid available with GIC pit and fissure sealant. Tooth surface will be cleaned with three-way syringe available in dental chair, Isolation will be maintained with cotton roll and sealant will be evaluated and occlusal bite will be registered. Students will be informed about post-restoration instructions in verbal and printed form of instruction will be given to individuals.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* All the students from the school who is willing to participate in this study aged between 6-15 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

* Students who is not willing to participate or not permitted from parents

Primary outcomes:
measure: Effectiveness and Retention of Pit and Fissure Sealants in Rural Setup: A School-based Clinical Trial in Nepal
timeFrame: one year
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride in caries prevention and arrest: An observational rural school based study
timeFrame: one year
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Kavre
country: Nepal
facility: Kathmandu University
state: Bagmati
Study officials:
affiliation: KUSMS
name: Dashrath Kafle, MDS
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Beauchamp J, Caufield PW, Crall JJ, Donly K, Feigal R, Gooch B, Ismail A, Kohn W, Siegal M, Simonsen R; American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. Evidence-based clinical recommendations for the use of pit-and-fissure sealants: a report of the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. J Am Dent Assoc. 2008 Mar;139(3):257-68. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0155.
citation: Alkhodairi A, Alseweed M, Alwashmi S, Elmoazen RA. Clinical Evaluation of the Retention of Resin and Glass Ionomer Sealants Applied as a Part of School-Based Caries Prevention Program. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Dec 13;7(23):4127-4130. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.869. eCollection 2019 Dec 15.
citation: Bridge G, Martel AS, Lomazzi M. Silver Diamine Fluoride: Transforming Community Dental Caries Program. Int Dent J. 2021 Dec;71(6):458-461. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.017. Epub 2021 Feb 27.