louisbrulenaudet/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Clinical trial NCT05296200: Cervical Changes by 4h of Hyper-buoyancy Flotation and Followed by 15 Mins 1g Re-loading
Official title: Cervical Intervertebral Disc Expansion, Vertebral Compliance Reduction and Neck Pain is Induced by 4h of Hyper-buoyancy Flotation That is Only Partially Reversed by 15 Mins 1g Re-loading
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Intervertebral Disc Herniation
Stiffness; Spine
Lead sponsor: Universidad Autonoma de Madrid
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios Lasalle
First posted: 2022-03-25
Enrollment: 12
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: NASA astronaut criteria (1.57-1.90m, 50-95kg)

Brief summary: Study with the aim to see the effect on a space ground anaologue, Hyperbuoyancy Floatation (HBF) on cervical column.

Detailed description: the aim of the study is to determine the effect of 4h HBF and subsequent passive 1g axial loading upon stature, cervical IVD height) cervical muscle (Longus Collis and Semispinalis Cervicis) thickness and CSA assessed with ultrasound, cervical vertebral compliance, their relationships to induced stature increments and neck pain.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* physical requirements (1.57-1.90m, 50-95kg)

Exclusion Criteria:

* current back/neck pain, musculoskeletal disorder, cardiovascular disease, spine surgery and being, or suspected to be pregnant

Primary outcomes:
measure: Height
timeFrame: up to 2 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Height of cervical Intervertebral Discs
timeFrame: up to 2 years
measure: Longus Collis and Semispinalis Cervicis thickness and cross-sectional area.
timeFrame: up to 2 years
measure: Vertebral Stiffness
timeFrame: up to 2 years
measure: Self-reported neck pain
timeFrame: up to 2 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Madrid
country: Spain
facility: CSEU-Lasalle
Study officials:
affiliation: Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios Lasalle
name: Alfonso Gil Martinez, PhD
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Green DA, Scott JPR. Spinal Health during Unloading and Reloading Associated with Spaceflight. Front Physiol. 2018 Jan 18;8:1126. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01126. eCollection 2017.
citation: Marshburn TH, Hadfield CA, Sargsyan AE, Garcia K, Ebert D, Dulchavsky SA. New heights in ultrasound: first report of spinal ultrasound from the international space station. J Emerg Med. 2014 Jan;46(1):61-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.08.001. Epub 2013 Oct 15.
citation: Swanenburg J, Langenfeld A, Easthope CA, Meier ML, Ullrich O, Schweinhardt P. Microgravity and Hypergravity Induced by Parabolic Flight Differently Affect Lumbar Spinal Stiffness. Front Physiol. 2020 Sep 2;11:562557. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.562557. eCollection 2020.
citation: McNamara KP, Greene KA, Tooze JA, Dang J, Khattab K, Lenchik L, Weaver AA. Neck Muscle Changes Following Long-Duration Spaceflight. Front Physiol. 2019 Sep 13;10:1115. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01115. eCollection 2019.
Clinical trial NCT02815800: Efficacy of Ethnodyne Visio in Parkinson's Disease
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Parkinson's Disease
Keywords: Treatment
Motor signs
Non motor signs
Fluctuations
Open labelled
Lead sponsor: University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: ETHNODYNE
First posted: 2016-06-28
Enrollment: 24
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Maximum age (years): 75
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: ETHNODYNE VISIO is a food supplement composed of an innovative plant-based active ingredient acting alongside vitamin B2. It is proposed in patients with visual problems. Based on clinical and experimental data, the investigators propose a pilot open study in order to test the efficacy of "Ethnodyne visio" in patients with Parkinson 's disease (PD). The hypothesis is that Ethnodyne visio may improve motor and non motor signs of PD. 24 patients with PD will be evaluated before and after 3 months of add on treatment by Ethnodyne visio.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) with at least 3 years of evolution
* Hoehn and Yahr score 2 or 3
* with moderate fluctuations (score 1 or 2 for item 3 score IV MSD UPDRS)
* with no modification in anti-parkinsonian drugs since at least 1 month
* minimental test \>24

Exclusion Criteria:

* known intolerance to Ethnodyne visio
* woman of childbearing potential or breastfeeding
* anticipated anti-parkinsonian treatment modification during the 3 months of the study
* antidepressant or anxiolytic drugs modified within one month prior to inclusion visit
* other chronic disease
* concomitant participation in a another clinical trial
* Subject under legal guardianship

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in MDS UPDRS III score
timeFrame: baseline and following 3 months of treatment
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change in MDS UPDRS I, II and IV score
timeFrame: baseline and following 3 months of treatment
measure: Change in Levodopa equivalent dose treatment (equivalence table)
timeFrame: baseline and following 3 months of treatment
measure: Frequency, seriousness and severity of adverse event reactions
timeFrame: during the 3 months of treatment
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Strasbourg
country: France
facility: Service de Neurologie,Hôpital de Hautepierre
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT06007300: A Multiomics Study Based on the Dynamic Evolution of Endometrial Carcinogenesis
Official title: A Multiomics Study Based on the Dynamic Evolution of Endometrial Carcinogenesis
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Conditions: the Dynamic Evolution of Endometrial Carcinogenesis
Multiomics Analysis
Keywords: Dynamic Evolution
Genomics
Transcriptome
Proteomics
Metabolomics
Lead sponsor: RenJi Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-08-23
Enrollment: 300
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients with normal endometrium (requiring diagnostic or therapeutic hysteroscopy or hysterectomy for other reasons), patients with precancerous lesions of endometrium, and patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgery in the gynecology and obstetrics department of Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, whose illness was diagnosed as normal endometrium, atypical hyperplasia endometrium, or endometrial cancer by pathology.

Brief summary: The goal of this observational study is to draw the characteristic maps of imaging omics, genomics, transcriptome, proteomics, pathological omics, metabolomics, etc. of the dynamic evolution of endometrial carcinogenesis in 100 patients with normal endometrium, 100 patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia, and 100 patients with endometrial cancer; and then to explore the underlying molecular mechanism, and establish the database system for the dynamic evolution of endometrial carcinogenesis.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pathological diagnosis: normal endometrium, atypical hyperplasia endometrium, or endometrial cancer;
* Obtain pathological results after undergoing hysteroscopic surgery or hysterectomy;
* The patient voluntarily participated in this research project with good compliance and was able to complete the enrollment according to the experimental requirements;
* Sign the informed consent form and consent to the collection and use of their data, and consent to genomics, transcriptome and other tests.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with malignant tumors in other parts of the body;
* Suffering from uncontrollable neurological diseases, psychiatric diseases, or psychiatric disorders;
* Poor compliance and inability to cooperate and describe treatment responders.

Primary outcomes:
measure: The mutant genes of participants and their expression as assessed by gene sequencing, RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry analysis
timeFrame: August 2023 to June 2026
measure: Differences in the expression of these mutant genes among the three groups of participants as assessed by SAS® 9.4
timeFrame: January 2026 to June 2026
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT04503200: Double Guidewire Technique Versus Transpancreatic Precut in Patients With Repetitive Unintentional Cannulation of the Pancreatic Duct.
Official title: Double Guidewire Technique Versus Transpancreatic Precut in Patients With Repetitive Unintentional Cannulation of the Pancreatic Duct.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Common Bile Duct Diseases
Transpancreatic Precut
Precut
Double Guidewire
Lead sponsor: Cairo University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2020-08-07
Enrollment: 80
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 75
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Difficult cannulation of the common bile duct is encountered in about 10%of ERCP procedures. This frequently happens in the form of repeated unintentional cannulation of the pancreatic duct. Two valid options are available to facilitate cannulation at this point: Double guidewire technique or performing a transpancreatic precut. This is a randomized trial comparing the efficacy and Safety of double guidwire technique versus transpancreatic precut after three unintentional passages of the guidewire into the pancreatic duct.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* unintentional cannulation of the pancreatic duct 3 times
* Consenting to join the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous ERCP with or without previous sphincterotomy
* Known coagulopathy

  * - Pregnancy
  * - Known acute pancreatitis at the time of procedure

Primary outcomes:
measure: Cannulation success
timeFrame: Within 10 minutes
measure: Rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis
timeFrame: up to 24 hours after the procedure
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Time to successful cannulation
timeFrame: Within 10 minutes
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Cairo
country: Egypt
facility: Cairo University
Study officials:
affiliation: Kasr-Elaini Faculty of Medicine
name: Hany M Shehab
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
Clinical trial NCT01617200: Long-Term Safety Extension Trial of Asenapine in Schizophrenia Participants Who Completed Protocol P05688 (P05689)
Official title: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Fixed-Dose, Long-Term Extension Trial of the Safety of Asenapine Using Olanzapine as an Active Control in Subjects Diagnosed With Schizophrenia Who Completed Protocol P05688
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Schizophrenia
Lead sponsor: Forest Laboratories
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2012-06-12
Enrollment: 105
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Participants who have completed the 6-week trial P05688 can be screened for eligibility for this 26-week extension study in which they will continue treatment. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the long-term safety of 2.5 and 5 mg asenapine administered sublingually twice daily (BID) in schizophrenia participants. Olanzapine administered 15 mg orally once daily (QD) is used as an active control.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Completed the short-term trial P05688, and judged by the investigator likely to benefit from continued treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Occurrence(s) of an adverse event or other clinically significant finding(s) in the short-term trial P05688 that would prohibit the participant's continuation into the long-term extension
* Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-S) score of ≥6 (severely psychotic) at Baseline
* Newly diagnosed or discovered psychiatric condition that would have excluded the participant from participation in the short-term trial P05688

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in Weight From Baseline to Day 182
timeFrame: Baseline (Day -1 of Short Term Trial) to Day 182 (Long-Term Extension)
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Austin
country: United States
facility: Forest Investigative Site 2001
state: Texas
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT00366600: Study Evaluating HKI-272 Administered to Healthy Subjects
Official title: Ascending Single Dose Study of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of HKI-272 Administered Orally to Healthy Subjects.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Healthy
Keywords: Breast Cancer
Health
Pharmacokinetics
healthy subjects
Lead sponsor: Puma Biotechnology, Inc.
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2006-08-21
Enrollment: 56
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 50
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Safety and tolerability of HKI-272 in healthy subjects; the influence of food intake on the same.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy

Primary outcomes:
measure: Pharmacokinetics; safety and tolerability; influence of food on the same.
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Tacoma
country: United States
facility: Northwest Kinetics
state: Washington
Study officials:
affiliation: Biotechnology
name: Puma
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT06688500: Bowel Dysfunction and HoLEP Outcomes
Official title: Bowel Dysfunction and HoLEP Outcomes
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Urologic Injuries
Lead sponsor: Northwestern University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-11-14
Enrollment: 126
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 89
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Male patients 18-89 years old undergoing HoLEP

Brief summary: The objective of this prospective study is to examine the correlation and effects of bowel dysfunction on outcomes for patients undergoing holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).The investigator hypothesizes that patients who have more bowel dysfunction based on higher severity scores on patient-reported validated questionnaires will experience more symptoms in the immediate post-operative period and may have slower recovery of urinary control. Assessment of pre, peri, and post-procedural bowel dysfunction via the Constipation Severity Score (CSS) and Vaizey Incontinence Questionnaire will aid the analysis.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Males18-89 undergoing HoLEP
* Able to read, understand, and complete patient questionnaires
* Willing to sign the informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with bowel diversion (colostomy, ileostomy)
* Patients with known neurogenic bowel
* Patients having concurrent ureteroscopy+/-laser lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, or non-urologic surgery at time of HoLEP
* Anticipated need for perineal urethrostomy at time of HoLEP
* Prior pelvic radiation or patients with history of bladder cancer with or without Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy
* Patients who lack decisional capacity

Primary outcomes:
measure: Difference in American Urologic Association Symptom Score (AUASS)
timeFrame: 3 months
measure: Collecting preoperative bowel dysfunction scores via Constipation Severity Scale (CSS) and Vaizey Incontinence questionnaires
timeFrame: 3 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change between pre-operative and post-operative bowel dysfunction scores and symptoms
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Monitoring efficacy of procedure
timeFrame: 1 year
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: Northwestern Medicine
state: Illinois
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT05821400: Cognitive Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Official title: Cognitive Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment Without Orthostatic Hypotension
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Conditions: Healthy Controls Without Orthostatic Hypotension
Keywords: cognition
Lead sponsor: Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-04-20
Enrollment: 200
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 30
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Chinese who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria

Brief summary: Background: In recent years, the changes of cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment have attracted attention.

Methods/design: We will follow up at 3. The primary outcome will be the measurement of cognitive function using neuropsychological assessment scales such as MOCA, MMSE, etc... Minor variables will be included plasma biomarkers (Aβ, Tau, GFAP, etc.), multimodal brain electrophysiology (P300, VP300, heart rate variability, etc.), and neuroimaging indicators (NODDI).


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with orthostatic hypotension
* Patients with other neurological disorders.
* Pregnant or lactating women.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Changes in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores after 3 months.
timeFrame: Participants will be followed up for 3 months after baseline.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Changes in Plasma amyloid protein levels after 3 months.
timeFrame: Participants will be followed up for 3 months after baseline.
measure: Changes in Plasma tau levels after 3 months.
timeFrame: Participants will be followed up for 3 months after baseline.
measure: Changes in Blood pressure (mmHg) after 3 months.
timeFrame: Participants will be followed up for 3 months after baseline.
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Fuzhou
country: China
facility: Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
state: Fujian
Study officials:
References:
citation: Petersen RC, Roberts RO, Knopman DS, Geda YE, Cha RH, Pankratz VS, Boeve BF, Tangalos EG, Ivnik RJ, Rocca WA. Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment is higher in men. The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Neurology. 2010 Sep 7;75(10):889-97. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f11d85.
citation: Rabe-Jablonska J, Bienkiewicz W. [Anxiety disorders in the fourth edition of the classification of mental disorders prepared by the American Psychiatric Association: diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DMS-IV -- options book]. Psychiatr Pol. 1994 Mar-Apr;28(2):255-68. Polish.
Clinical trial NCT00517400: Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)- Treatment for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Official title: Evaluation of the H-Coil Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Device- Treatment for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Keywords: PTSD
Lead sponsor: Hadassah Medical Organization
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2007-08-17
Enrollment: 30
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Evaluation of the novel deep TMS H-Coil designs as a treatment measure in post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Comparing real to sham treatment.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* PTSD diagnosis per DSM IV

Exclusion Criteria:

* Schizophrenia
* Bipolar I
* severe Axis II diagnosis
* risk factors to convulsions
* drug / alcohol abuse

Primary outcomes:
measure: CAPS SCORE [TOTAL, INTRUSION]
timeFrame: 4 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Jerusalem
country: Israel
facility: Psychiatric department, Hadassah-Hebrew universityMedical Organization
Study officials:
affiliation: Hadassah Medical Organization
name: Moshe Isserles, MD, MSc
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Isserles M, Shalev AY, Roth Y, Peri T, Kutz I, Zlotnick E, Zangen A. Effectiveness of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with a brief exposure procedure in post-traumatic stress disorder--a pilot study. Brain Stimul. 2013 May;6(3):377-83. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2012.07.008. Epub 2012 Aug 18.
Clinical trial NCT01678300: Qualitative Study of Topical Mesalamine Adherence in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis(UC)
Official title: Qualitative Study of Topical Mesalamine Adherence in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis(UC)
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Ulcerative Colitis
Keywords: Ulcerative Colitis
Lead sponsor: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2012-09-05
Enrollment: 70
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: The population of this study will be adults with diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis who have been prescribed topical mesalamine (Rowasa/Canasa) for treatment of their ulcerative colitis.

Brief summary: The purpose of this protocol is:

1. To quantify the prevalence of adherence to topical mesalamine in patients with UC
2. To describe the determinants of medication adherence in patients with UC prescribed topical mesalamine

Detailed description: Patient adherence with topical mesalamine is low. Behavioral and psycho-social barriers to topical mesalamine adherence exist in patients with UC. These factors can be identified using qualitative testing in order to develop and design appropriate behavioral interventions to reduce non-adherence.

The investigators will undertake an observational study of medication persistence in 100 patients in the BIDMC clinic, "Persistence Cohort". Persistence will be measured using 12-month pharmacy refill data. The investigators will also employ a qualitative research design with discrete choice modeling in two phases: Phase I - Initial Interviews with 10 patients and Phase II - Focus Groups (2) with 5 patients each.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* must have ulcerative colitis diagnosed by a doctor at least 1 month prior to study participation
* must be prescribed topical mesalamine (e.g. Rowasa enemas or Canasa suppositories) by a doctor
* must be receiving care at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Exclusion Criteria:

* no diagnosis of ulcerative colitis
* no prescription for topical mesalamine
* not receiving care at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Primary outcomes:
measure: Prevalence of "non-persistence" amongst patients prescribed topical mesalamine for UC
timeFrame: 12 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Clinical outcome (remission / relapse) at 12 months grouped by persistence status
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Adherence phenotype details
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Quality-of-life score at 12 months
timeFrame: 12 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
state: Massachusetts
Study officials:
affiliation: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
name: Alan C Moss, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: