Clinical trial NCT00040365: Amifostine to Protect the Rectum During External Beam Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Official title: Amifostine as a Rectal Protector During External Beam Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Prostatic Neoplasms
Keywords: Prostate Cancer
Radiation Therapy
Rectal Toxicity
Amifostine
Radioprotector
Lead sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2002-06-26
Enrollment: 30
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Brief summary: This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a drug called amifostine in reducing the bowel side effects of radiation treatment for prostate cancer. Amifostine is a 'radioprotector' medicine that to protects normal tissue from radiation damage. This study will determine whether placing amifostine in the rectum during radiation treatment for prostate cancer can decrease common side effects of treatment, including diarrhea, painful bowel movements, bleeding, and gas.

Patients 18 years of age or older with prostate cancer may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history and physical examination, blood tests, bone scan if a recent one is not available, and possibly computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the pelvis. They will also have a liquid retention test, in which they are given an enema of 4 tablespoons of salt water that they must retain for 20 minutes.

Participants will receive standard radiation therapy for prostate cancer-5 consecutive days for 8 weeks-in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Radiation Oncology Clinic. Amifostine will be placed in the rectum by a mini-enema before each radiation treatment so that it covers the lining of the rectum. To determine the side effects of the treatment, patients will undergo a proctoscopic examination before beginning radiation therapy, two times during therapy, and at each follow-up visit for 5 years after treatment ends. This examination involves inserting a proctoscope (a thin flexible tube with a light at the end) into the rectum and taking pictures.

Patients will be followed in the clinic at visits scheduled 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months after treatment for a physical examination and routine blood tests, proctoscopic examination, and review of bowel symptoms.

Detailed description: Normal tissue tolerance of the rectum limits the dose of radiation that can be delivered to the prostate for curative treatment of prostate cancer. Amifostine is a radioprotector, an agent that reduces tissue damage incurred by ionizing radiation. It has been well studied in humans and is approved for intravenous use. Rectal administration results in a preferential accumulation of Amifostine in the rectal mucosa, and neither free parent compound nor free active metabolite have been detected in systemic circulation. This trial proposes to observe the rate of early and late bowel toxicity in a group of patients with prostate cancer receiving standard high dose, 3D conformal external beam radiotherapy and concurrent intra-rectal applications of Amifostine. Primary measures of rectal toxicity (RTOG radiation morbidity scoring) will also be compared with self-assessment measures of quality of life, and rectal radiation dose as assessed by dose-volume histograms.

Eligibility criteria: * INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland.

Age greater than or equal to 18 years.

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1.

Informed consent: All patients must sign a document of informed consent indicating their understanding of the investigational nature and risks of the study before any protocol related studies are performed (this does not include routine laboratory tests or imaging studies required to establish eligibility).

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Other active malignancy (except for non-melanoma skin cancer).

Patient with a prior history of pelvic or prostate radiotherapy.

Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Patients with distant metastatic disease.

Cognitively impaired patients who cannot give informed consent.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positivity.

Other medical conditions deemed by the principal investigator (PI) or associates to make the patient ineligible for high dose radiotherapy.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Percentage of Participants With a Good Toxicity Outcome Who Experienced an Acute Rectal Toxicity and Received Topical Administrations of Amifostine in Conjunction With High Dose, 3D Conformal Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer.
timeFrame: RTOG Acute was used on week 5 and 7
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Percentage of Participants With a Good Toxicity Outcome Who Experienced Late Rectal Toxicity and Received Topical Administrations of Amifostine in Conjunction With High Dose, 3D Conformal Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer.
timeFrame: The late rectal toxicity has been assessed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 60 months after the completion of treatment.
measure: Number of Participants With Adverse Events
timeFrame: 3 years
measure: Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) Bowel Assessment Over Time (Late Follow-up 18 Months)
timeFrame: 18 months
measure: Measures of Quality of Life (QOL)-(Late Follow-up 18 Months)
timeFrame: Baseline, week 5, 7 , and months 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18
measure: Number of Participants Who Had Proctoscopic Examinations
timeFrame: 3 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bethesda
country: United States
facility: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
state: Maryland
Study officials:
affiliation: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
name: Kevin A camphausen, M.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Simone, NL; Soule, BP; Ménard, C; Albert, P; Guion, P; Smith, S; Godette, D; Coleman, CN; Singh, AK. Assessing Rectal Toxicity in a Pilot Study using Intrarectal Amifostine and Concurrent Radiation. 42nd annual meeting of the American society of clinical oncology, Atlanta, GA, June 2006.
citation: Menard C, Camphausen K, Muanza T, Sears-Crouse N, Smith S, Ben-Josef E, Coleman CN. Clinical trial of endorectal amifostine for radioprotection in patients with prostate cancer: rationale and early results. Semin Oncol. 2003 Dec;30(6 Suppl 18):63-7. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2003.11.016.
citation: Singh AK, Menard C, Guion P, Simone NL, Smith S, Crouse NS, Godette DJ, Cooley-Zgela T, Sciuto LC, Coleman J, Pinto P, Albert PS, Camphausen K, Coleman CN. Intrarectal amifostine suspension may protect against acute proctitis during radiation therapy for prostate cancer: a pilot study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Jul 15;65(4):1008-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.02.030. Epub 2006 May 26.
citation: Simone NL, Ménard C, Singh AK, Guion P, Smith S, Crouse NS, Godette D, Cooley-Zgela T, Sciuto LC, Coleman J, Pinto, P, Albert PS, Camphausen K, Coleman CN. Intrarectal amifostine suspension may protect against acute proctitis during radiation therapy for prostate cancer: oral presentation at 91st scientific assembly and annual meeting of the radiological society of North America, Chicago, IL, 2005.
citation: Muanza TM, Albert PS, Smith S, Godette D, Crouse NS, Cooley-Zgela T, Sciuto L, Camphausen K, Coleman CN, Menard C. Comparing measures of acute bowel toxicity in patients with prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Aug 1;62(5):1316-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.12.083.