Clinical trial NCT03923959: Evaluation of TXA Prior to Surgery in the Geriatric Hip Fracture Population
Official title: Evaluation of Tranexamic Acid Prior to Surgery in the Geriatric Hip Fracture Population for the Reduction of Post-Operative Blood Transfusion
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Hip Fractures
Keywords: Blood
Transfusion
Hip
Fracture
Surgery
Replacement
Trauma
Lead sponsor: Lancaster General Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-04-23
Enrollment: 283
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 65
Standard ages: OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized study in the geriatric hip fracture population comparing those who receive intravenous tranexamic acid prior to incision to those who receive a placebo.
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The overall design of the study is a prospective, double-blinded, randomized study in the geriatric hip fracture population comparing those who receive intravenous tranexamic acid prior to incision to those who receive a placebo.

Detailed description: A significant portion of the geriatric hip fracture population have comorbidities including chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke, etc. These patients may be anemic prior to the surgery, and are at increased risk for further blood loss as a result of the fracture and surgical operation. However, intra-operative or post-operative blood transfusions also increase the risk of renal and cardiac complications in this population.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibrinolytic medication that has transformed total joint replacement management regarding blood loss prevention. Geriatric patients requiring emergent hip fracture repair may significantly benefit from routine administration of TXA prior to the procedure to decrease the risk of blood loss. Thus, treatment may further reduce the percentage of patients who experience blood transfusions and complications associated with transfusions.

The investigators will examine if administration of TXA prior to incision in the geriatric hip fracture patient population decreases the risk of intra-operative or post-operative blood transfusions compared to placebo.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Provision of written informed consent
2. Age \> or = to 65 years
3. Hip fracture location within the femoral neck, intertrochanteric, and subtrochanteric regions
4. Indication for one of the following surgical interventions: hemiarthroplasty, total hip replacement, sliding plate and screw fixation, or intramedullary fixation

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Indication for closed reduction or percutaneous screw
2. Allergy to TXA
3. Cerebrovascular accident/stroke, active coronary disease/myocardial infarction, or deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary emboli within one (1) month of the fracture
4. Presence of hypercoaguable disorder, including cancer (active disease), elevated blood homocysteine levels, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and inherited protein deficiencies (antithrombin III, factor V Leiden, protein S \& C deficiencies, prothrombin gene mutation)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Count of Participants With Acute Post-operative Transfusion of Packed Red Blood Cells.
timeFrame: 3 Months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Complication Rate
timeFrame: 3 Months
measure: Hospital Readmission
timeFrame: 30 Days
measure: Mortality Rate
timeFrame: 90 Days
measure: Length of Stay
timeFrame: From date of study intervention/surgery for hip fracture until the date of discharge or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 34 months.
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Lancaster
country: United States
facility: Lancaster General Heatlh / Penn Medicine
state: Pennsylvania
Study officials:
affiliation: Penn Medicine / Lancaster General Hospital
name: Gregory Tocks, DO
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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