Clinical trial NCT00254306: Functional Brain Imaging in Recreational Users of Ecstasy
Official title: Functional Brain Imaging in Recreational Users of Ecstasy
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Amphetamine-Related Disorders
Keywords: Ecstasy
D2 Dopamine Receptor
IBZM
MDMA
Lead sponsor: Hadassah Medical Organization
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2005-11-16
Enrollment: 18
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients from treatment centers for drug abuse. Control subjects will be recruited from the general population.

Brief summary: Recreational use of "ecstasy" (MDMA; 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is associated with long-lasting effects on metabolism in the human brain. The investigators propose to investigate whether chronic use of "ecstasy" is associated with impairment in motor skills and function of the dopaminergic system in recreational users of "ecstasy" compared with healthy volunteers. This will be done by scanning control subjects and "ecstasy" users at baseline and after performing on a motorbike riding computer game, while imaging dopamine in vivo with I123-IBZM (a D2 receptor radiotracer), using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

Detailed description: Recreational use of "ecstasy" (MDMA; 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is associated with long-lasting effects on metabolism in the human brain. In particular, there is evidence of long-term damage to the brains' neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). It is also known that chronic use of Methamphetamine (which is similar in its chemical structure to "ecstasy") is linked to impaired cognitive and motor skills despite recovery of dopamine transporters (DAT). We have investigated whether chronic use of "ecstasy" is causing any impairment in motor skills and function of the dopaminergic system in recreational users of "ecstasy". In our preliminary study, we have scanned control subjects and "ecstasy" users, at baseline and after performing on a motorbike riding computer game while imaging dopamine in vivo with \[123I\] IBZM (a D2 receptor radiotracer) in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). We showed:

1. Lower measures of D2 at baseline in ecstasy users compared with control subjects, that means lower level of dopaminergic activity in "ecstasy" users.
2. Significant displacement of \[123I\] IBZM by endogenous dopamine released during the game in healthy subjects unlike "ecstasy" users, that means that recreational users of "ecstasy" release much less natural dopamine.
3. No difference between the groups in performance (reaction time) on riding the game after a year of recovery.

Our results show preliminary evidence for dopaminergic deficiency in "ecstasy" users, a finding that has not been shown before. However, similar to other drugs of abuse, it is not known whether dopaminergic deficiency is the cause or consequence of the use of "ecstasy". We now propose to proceed to scan more recreational users of "ecstasy" in order to assess whether chronic use of "ecstasy" is associated with deficient dopaminergic neurotransmission in the brain.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Chronic users of ecstasy, and healthy controls, with no other diseases or drug abuse

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant and breast feeding women
* Aged below 18
* Neurological disorders
* Drug abuse

Primary outcomes:
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Jerusalem
country: Israel
facility: Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Hadassah Hospital, Ein Kerem
Study officials:
affiliation: Hadassah Medical Organization
name: Yodphat Krausz, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Hadassah Medical Organization
name: Aviv M Weinstein, Ph.D
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: