Clinical trial NCT04611958: Intraductal Liposomal Bupivacaine for Chronic Pancreatitis
Official title: Intraductal Liposomal Bupivacaine as a Therapeutic Trial to Determine the Contribution of Peripheral Versus Central Sensitization in the Pathogenesis of Pain in Chronic Pancreatitis- a Pilot and Feasibility Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: WITHDRAWN
Phase: EARLY_PHASE1
Conditions: Chronic Pancreatitis
Lead sponsor: Johns Hopkins University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2020-11-02
Enrollment: 0
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The major clinical features of chronic pancreatitis include glandular (exocrine and endocrine) failure and pain. Pain has remained a major clinical challenge and is present in up to 90% of patients and is the primary cause of hospitalization in most patients. Unfortunately, pain in chronic pancreatitis has been very difficult to treat.

The investigators hypothesize that the best method to reliably abolish peripheral nerve signaling is the use of a local anesthetic within the target organ (i.e. pancreas). This can best be done during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Since ERCP is done under deep sedation or general anesthesia, it is critical to select a local anesthetic whose effect persists well after recovery from the procedure; if not, the assessment of the effect of the local anesthetic on pain will be impossible to assess. The investigators have therefore chosen liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel, Pacira Pharmaceuticals), which is an FDA approved product for local infiltration that has a longer duration of action (up to 72 hours) and a slower absorption into the systemic circulation, avoiding high plasma concentrations.

Detailed description: The major clinical features of chronic pancreatitis include glandular (exocrine and endocrine) failure and pain. The former can usually be managed satisfactorily by replacement strategies (enzymes or insulin) to restore nutritional and metabolic stability. However, pain has remained a major clinical challenge and is present in up to 90% of patients and is the primary cause of hospitalization in most patients. Unfortunately, pain in chronic pancreatitis has been very difficult to treat, and the investigators' lack of understanding about the underlying biology has led to various empirical approaches that are often based on purely anatomical grounds, and are generally highly invasive. Significant tissue injury such as that observed in chronic pancreatitis not only triggers nociceptor activation but over time, can also increase the pain in the whole system, a process called sensitization.

Determination of the contribution of peripheral versus central factors to nociceptive sensitization has significant clinical implications in an individual patient. Thus, if pain is caused primarily by signals emanating in the peripheral nerves, then perhaps invasive procedures directed against the pancreas (including pancreatectomy) are justified and can be expected to have a high probability of success. On the other hand, if central sensitization is the dominant pathophysiological factor, then these procedures may cause more harm than good and the patient may be best served using aggressive neuromodulator therapies.

The most direct way to address this question is to interrupt peripheral nerve signaling and determine how much of the pain, if any, is taken away. Unfortunately, there are no satisfactory methods to do this currently. Although celiac or splanchnic nerve blocks have been used for the treatment of pain in chronic pancreatitis, the treatments have had limited success for a variety of reasons, including the fact that the technique may not always be accurate in terms of the site of injection.

The investigators hypothesize that the best method to reliably abolish peripheral nerve signaling is the use of a local anesthetic within the target organ (i.e. pancreas). This can best be done during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), a technique in which the main pancreatic duct is cannulated with the help of a duodenoscope and contrast material injected. This technique is routinely done to assess pancreatic duct anatomy prior to consideration of a therapeutic intervention such as a stent, stricture dilation, or stone removal/lithotripsy.

Since ERCP is done under deep sedation or general anesthesia, it is critical to select a local anesthetic whose effect persists well after recovery from the procedure; if not, the assessment of the effect of the local anesthetic on pain will be impossible to assess. The investigators have therefore chosen liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel, Pacira Pharmaceuticals), which is an FDA approved product for local infiltration that has a longer duration of action (up to 72 hours) and a slower absorption into the systemic circulation, avoiding high plasma concentrations.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Signed Informed consent
* Age \>18 years
* Patients with an established diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis with constant daily pain consistent with the same and not relieved despite standard clinical care for at least 6 months and in whom ERCP is indicated for standard of care.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Significant liver or renal dysfunction.
* Any Contraindication of ERCP.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in the pain score at 24 hours after ERCP
timeFrame: 24 hours after the ERCP
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change in the pain score at 2 hours after ERCP
timeFrame: 2 hours after ERCP
measure: Change in the pain score at 48 hours after ERCP
timeFrame: 48 hours after ERCP
measure: Change in the pain score at 72 hours after ERCP
timeFrame: 72 hours after ERCP
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Baltimore
country: United States
facility: Johns Hopkins Hopital
state: Maryland
Study officials:
affiliation: Johns Hopkins University
name: Pankaj Pasricha, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: