Clinical trial NCT06501430: Effects of Autogenic Inhibition and Reciprocal Inhibition in Amateur Football Players With Shin Splints.
Official title: Effects of Autogenic Inhibition and Reciprocal Inhibition on Pain, Range of Motion, Function and Sports Performance in Amateur Football Players With Shin Splints.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Shin Splint
Keywords: Football Players
Shin Splints
Pain
Sports performance
Lead sponsor: Riphah International University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-07-15
Enrollment: 16
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 30
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: After recruitment and signing the informed consent, baseline readings of all study variables will be taken and all subjects will be assigned into 2 groups, GROUP A (received autogenic inhibition with conventional treatment) and GROUP B (received reciprocal inhibition with conventional physiotherapy treatment) randomly divided by computer-generated software.
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of Autogenic Inhibition and Reciprocal Inhibition in treating shin splints among amateur footballers aged 18-30 from SA Gardens Football Club, Lahore. Participants will be recruited through non-probability convenient sampling and randomly assigned into two groups using random number sampling. A single-blind approach will be employed, with one group receiving Autogenic Inhibition treatment and the other receiving Reciprocal Inhibition treatment over a period of four weeks, with three sessions per week. The study will measure outcomes including pain alleviation, improvement in range of motion (ROM), enhanced function, and improved sports performance. This research seeks to provide insights into the benefits of muscle energy techniques for athletes with shin splints, contributing valuable knowledge to sports medicine and rehabilitation practices.

Detailed description: Recent literature provides substantial evidence supporting the efficacy of muscle energy techniques (METs), including Autogenic Inhibition, for various musculoskeletal conditions across different populations. Robert F. et al. (2023) conducted a quasi-experimental study using a pre- and post-test design to compare Kalternborn grade III mobilization and METs in 30 patients, finding significant improvements in pain and neck function. Siddiqui M. et al. (2022) demonstrated in a randomized control trial that Autogenic Inhibition was more effective than Reciprocal Inhibition in improving pain, range of motion, and functional disability in patients with mechanical neck pain. Similarly, Osama M. et al. (2022) found Autogenic Inhibition to be the most effective among static stretching, AI-MET, and RI-MET for enhancing isometric muscle strength in neck pain patients. Majeed A. et al. (2021) showed that Autogenic Inhibition had better outcomes than static stretching for hamstring flexibility. Khaled H. Yousef et al. revealed that adding METs to conventional therapy significantly improved pain, impairment, and hip range of motion in patients with chronic discogenic sciatica. A systemic review by Thomas E. et al. (2019) confirmed METs' effectiveness in reducing chronic and acute pain and improving range of motion. Despite these positive findings, there is limited research on METs for sports-related conditions like shin splints. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the specific benefits and drawbacks of a structured MET program for shin splints in a sports environment, providing valuable insights for athletes in managing and preventing overuse and bone stress injuries efficiently.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Both genders.
2. Age 18-30 years.
3. Those who are actively taking part in sports from last 1 year.
4. Subjects who have NPRS scores from moderate pain (NPRS 4-6) to severe pain (NPRS 7- 10).
5. Subjects diagnosed with category 2 Shin splints through Shin splint scoring system (Male 2- 14, Female 6-16) and category 3 (Male 14-29, Female 17-29).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of Central or peripheral vascular disease.
2. History of lower limb fracture / Trauma (Any side) in last 6 months.
3. History of lower limb Surgery (Any side) in last 6 months.
4. History of any malignancy.
5. Leg length discrepancy.
6. Biomechanical imbalances.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Pain: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
timeFrame: 1st day and 12th week.
measure: Ranges of Motion: Goniometery
timeFrame: 1st day and 12th week.
measure: Function: Lower Extremity Functioning Scale (LEFS)
timeFrame: 1st day and 12th week.
measure: Performance: 60m yard test
timeFrame: 1st day and 12th week.
measure: Performance: Yoyo Test
timeFrame: 1st day and 12th week.
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Lahore
country: Pakistan
facility: Pakistan Sports Board
state: Punjab
Study officials:
affiliation: Riphah International University
name: Zohaib Imran
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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