Clinical trial NCT05671965: Effects of Oral Xylitol on Subsequent Energy Intake
Official title: Effects of Oral Xylitol on Subsequent Energy Intake, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Glycemic Control, Appetite-related Sensations, and Gastrointestinal Tolerance
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Energy Intake
Gastrointestinal Hormones
Glycemic Control
Appetite
Satiation
Lead sponsor: University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-01-05
Enrollment: 21
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 55
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: The aim of this project is to investigate the effect of xylitol (given as pre-load), compared to sucrose, Ace-K, and water on energy intake during a subsequent ad libitum test meal in healthy participants.

Furthermore, the release of GI hormones, glycemic control, appetite-related sensations, GI tolerance, sweetness and liking in response to the pre-loads will be investigated.

Detailed description: The subjects will participate in four study days. The screening will last 60 minutes, the study days about 4.5 hours each. After a simple-carbohydrate standard dinner, the subjects have to do an overnight fast until the next morning. Subjects will receive fixed equisweet doses of sucrose (33.5g), xylitol (33.5g), Ace-K (0.1675g), or water as oral pre-loads in a blinded, randomized (counterbalanced) fashion (t = -15 min). Fifteen minutes after the administration (t = 0 min), a standard solid test meal will be presented and ad libitum energy intake will be measured. The end of the test meal will be after 20 minutes or as soon as the subject stops eating for more than 5 minutes. Blood samples (to measure: glycemic control and GI hormones) will be collected at t = -16, t = -1, t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 min and appetite-related sensation rating will be collected at t = -16, t = -1, t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 min. GI symptoms and nausea are assessed at t = -16, -1, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min. At t = -10 min subjects are asked to rate the perceived sweetness and liking of the pre-load and at t = 180 min the perceived liking of the test meal.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy normal weight participants (10 male and 10 female) with a body-mass index (BMI) of 19.0-24.9 kg/m2
* Age 18-55 years
* Stable body weight (± 5%) for at least three months
* Able to give informed consent as documented by signature

Exclusion Criteria:

* Fructose intolerance
* Pre-existing diet (vegetarian, vegan, sugar free, no breakfast)
* Pre-existing regular consumption of xylitol and/or Ace-K (\> 1/week)
* Chronic or clinically relevant acute infections/diseases
* Regular intake of medications, except contraceptives
* Pregnancy: although no contraindication, pregnancy might influence metabolic state.
* Substance abuse (more than 1 glass wine/beer per day; consumption of cannabis, cocaine, heroin, etc.)
* Shift worker
* Participation in another study with investigational drug within the 30 days preceding and during the present study

Primary outcomes:
measure: Effect of xylitol on energy intake during a subsequent ad libitum test meal
timeFrame: Total energy intake will be measured from t = 0 until t = 20 minutes or as soon as the as the subject stops eating for more than 5 minutes.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Effects on GI hormone response - GLP-1
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points :t = -16, t = -1 (before the administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on GI hormone response - PYY
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points :t = -16, t = -1 (before the administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on GI hormone response - CCK
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points: t = -16, t = -1 (before the administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on GI hormone response - ghrelin
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points: t = -16, t = -1 (before the administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on glycemic control - plasma glucose
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points: t = -16, t = -1 (before administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on glycemic control - plasma insulin
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points: t = -16, t = -1 (before the administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on glycemic control - plasma c-peptide
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points: t = -16, t = -1 (before administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on glycemic control - plasma glucagon
timeFrame: Blood will be drawn at the following time points: t = -16, t = -1 (before the administration of the pre-load), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Effects on appetite-related sensations
timeFrame: Visual analogue scales will be recorded at the following time points: t = -16, t = -1 (before the administration of the pre-loads), t = 15, t = 30, t = 60, t = 90, t = 120, t = 150, t = 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-loads).
measure: Effects on GI tolerance
timeFrame: GI tolerance will be recorded at t = -16, -1 (before the administration of the pre-load), 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes (after the administration of the pre-load).
measure: Sweetness of pre-load
timeFrame: Sweetness of the pre-load will be recorded at t = -10 minutes.
measure: Liking ot the pre-load
timeFrame: Liking of the pre-load will be recorded at t = -10 minutes.
measure: Liking of the test meal
timeFrame: Liking of the test meal will be recorded at t = 180 minutes.
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Basel
country: Switzerland
facility: St. Claraspital
Study officials:
affiliation: St. Clara Research Ltd.
name: Anne Christin Meyer-Gerspach
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: