Clinical trial NCT00217542: Azacitidine and Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b in Treating Patients With Stage III or Stage IV Melanoma or Stage IV Kidney Cancer That Cannot Be Removed By Surgery
Official title: A Phase 1 Study of 5-azacitidine in Combination With Interferon-Alfa 2B in Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Recurrent Melanoma
Recurrent Renal Cell Cancer
Stage III Melanoma
Stage IV Melanoma
Stage IV Renal Cell Cancer
Lead sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2005-09-22
Enrollment: 42
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This phase I trial is studying the side effects and best dose of recombinant interferon alfa-2b when given together with azacitidine in treating patients with stage III or stage IV melanoma or stage IV kidney cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as azacitidine, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Recombinant interferon alfa-2b may interfere with the growth of tumor cells. Giving azacitidine together with recombinant interferon alfa-2b may kill more tumor cells.

Detailed description: OBJECTIVES:

I. Determine the adverse event profile and maximum tolerated dose of interferon alfa-2b when combined with azacitidine in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma or unresectable stage IV renal cell carcinoma.

II. Determine the feasibility of this regimen for future phase II trials.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation, multicenter study.

Patients receive azacitidine subcutaneously (SC) once daily on days 1-4 and 15-17 and recombinant interferon alfa-2b SC on days 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, and 26 during course 1. Beginning in course 2 and for all subsequent courses, patients receive azacitidine SC once daily on days 1-3 and 15-17 and interferon alfa-2b SC on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, and 26. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 12 total courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of interferon alfa-2b until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which 2 of 6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed every 2-4 months.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Histologically confirmed diagnosis of 1 of the following:

  * Melanoma

    * Unresectable stage III disease
    * Stage IV disease
  * Renal cell carcinoma

    * Unresectable and/or stage IV disease
* Measurable disease
* No untreated brain metastases or leptomeningeal disease

  * Patients with previously treated brain metastases are eligible provided they have no evidence of progression for ≥ 4 weeks following treatment and do not require steroids
* Performance status - ECOG 0-2
* Performance status - Karnofsky 60-100%
* More than 3 months
* WBC ≥ 3,000/mm\^3
* Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/mm\^3
* Platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm\^3
* Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL (may be transfused to this level)
* PT or PTT \< 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/mL
* AST and ALT ≤ 3 times ULN (5 times ULN for patients with liver metastases)
* Albumin ≥ 3.0 g/dL
* Creatinine ≤ 1.7 mg/dL
* Creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min
* No symptomatic congestive heart failure
* No unstable angina pectoris
* No ventricular cardiac arrhythmia
* No myocardial infarction within the past 3 months
* No dyspnea at rest
* Not pregnant or nursing
* Negative pregnancy test
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception
* No active gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcer disease
* No ongoing or active infection
* No psychiatric illness or social situation that would preclude study compliance
* No other uncontrolled illness
* No history of allergic reaction attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to study agents
* At least 2 weeks since prior immunotherapy
* Prior adjuvant interferon alfa for metastatic disease or in the adjuvant setting allowed
* At least 3 weeks since prior cytotoxic agents (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin)
* See Disease Characteristics
* At least 2 weeks since prior hormonal therapy
* At least 1 week since prior and no concurrent steroids
* At least 3 weeks since prior radiotherapy
* At least 2 weeks since prior minor surgery
* At least 3 weeks since prior major surgery
* Recovered from all prior therapy
* No concurrent combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive patients
* No other concurrent investigational agents
* No other concurrent anticancer therapy

Primary outcomes:
measure: Adverse event profile of azacitidine and recombinant interferon alfa-2b in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma
timeFrame: Continuously throughout study
measure: Maximum tolerated dose of recombinant interferon alfa-2b when administered in combination with 5-azacitidine
timeFrame: Course 1 (4 weeks)
measure: Correlation of promoter methylation with the level of expression of the genes
timeFrame: Day 5 or 8 and 24 or 26 of course 1
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Response rate of giving recombinant interferon alfa-2b when administered in combination with 5-azacitidine in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma
timeFrame: Every 8 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: New Haven
country: United States
facility: Yale University
state: Connecticut
Study officials:
affiliation: Yale University
name: Mario Sznol
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: