Clinical trial NCT03384316: Multi-Targeted Recombinant Ad5 (CEA/MUC1/Brachyury) Based Immunotherapy Vaccine Regimen in People With Advanced Cancer
Official title: Multi-Targeted Recombinant Ad5 (CEA/MUC1/Brachyury) Based Immunotherapy Vaccine Regimen in People With Advanced Cancer
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Neoplasms
Prostate Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Colon Cancer
Keywords: Combination Vaccine
Adenoviral
ETBX-011
ETBX-061
ETBX-051
Lead sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2017-12-27
Enrollment: 11
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 100
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Background:

ETBX-011, ETBX-061, and ETBX-051 are cancer vaccines. Their goal is to teach the immune system to target and kill cancer cells. The vaccines target 3 proteins found in many types of cancer. Researchers think targeting all 3 proteins in unison will have the best results.

Objective:

To test the safety of combining ETBX-011, ETBX-061, and ETBX-051 and their effects on the immune system.

Eligibility:

People ages 18 and older with advanced cancer that has not responded to standard therapies

Design:

Participants will be screened with:

Medical history

Physical exam

Blood, urine, and heart tests

Scan: They will lie in a machine that takes pictures of the body.

Participants will receive the 3 vaccines through 3 shots under the skin every 3 weeks for 3 doses, then every 8 weeks for up to 1 year. They will have blood and urine tests at each vaccine visit. They will have scans and other measurements of their tumor after 9 weeks and then at their vaccine visits every 8 weeks.

Participants will keep a diary of symptoms at the injection site.

Participants will have a visit 90 days after their final treatment. This will include a physical exam and blood and urine tests. If they have any ongoing side effects, they will be followed until these end or are not changing.

After this visit, they will be called every 3 months for the first year, every 6 months for the next 2 years, then every 12 months for another 2 years to see how they are doing.

Participants will have the option to enroll in a long-term follow-up study.

...

Detailed description: Background:

* The overall goal of the current project is to expand our immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of advanced cancer employing a multi-targeted approach.
* Therapeutic cancer vaccines targeting overexpressed proteins offer a potential method to activate T cells against tumors.
* A novel adenovirus based vaccine targeting three (3) human tumor associated antigens (TAA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), mucin-1 (MUC1), and brachyury, respectively has demonstrated anti-tumor cytolytic T cell responses in pre-clinical animal models of cancer.

Objectives:

-To determine the overall safety and recommended phase 2 dose of a combination of three immunotherapeutic vaccines (ETBX-011/ETBX-061/ETBX-051), when administered subcutaneously (SC) to subjects with advanced solid tumors

Eligibility:

* Subjects age 18 and older with cytologically or histologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor malignancy who have completed or had disease progression on at least one prior line of disease-appropriate therapy or who are not candidates for therapy of proven efficacy for their disease.
* Subjects may have measurable or non-measurable but evaluable disease. Subjects with surgically resected metastatic disease at high risk of relapse are also eligible.
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status less than or equal to 1
* Adequate organ and bone marrow function
* Subjects with active autoimmune diseases requiring systemic treatment and subjects requiring systemic steroids (except for physiologic doses for steroid replacement) are not allowed

Design:

* This is a Phase I trial in subjects with advanced cancer. A combination of three therapeutic vaccines (ETBX-011, ETBX-51, EBX-61) using the same modified Adenovirus vector backbone, separately encoding three well-studied tumor-associated antigens will be assessed. The vaccine will be tested at a single dose level, and a dose de-escalation design (if required). The dose level of each vaccine tested will be 5x1011 VP. This dose has been found in prior phase 1 testing of Ad5 \[E1-, E2b-\]-CEA(6D) (ETBX-011) to be well tolerated (with no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) or related Serious adverse events (SAEs), and optimal for induction of immune responses. Each of the three vaccines will be administered subcutaneously (SC) at separate injection sites (proximal limb, preferably the thigh), every 3 weeks for 3 doses, then bi-monthly (every 8 week) boosts for up to a year.
* Up to six patients will be enrolled at Dose Level 1. If less than or equal to l of 6 patients experience a DLT, initiation of the dose expansion phase will occur. If greater than or equal to 2 of 6 experience DLT at Dose Level 1, then dose de-escalation will occur. Up to six patients will be enrolled at the lower dose level Dose Level -1 (1x10\^11 VP). If less than or equal to 1 of 6 patients experience a DLT, then the maximum tolerated (MTD) will be declared at this dose, and initiation of the dose expansion phase will occur. If greater than or equal to 2 of 6 experience DLT at Dose Level -1, then a protocol amendment may be written to evaluate a further dose de-escalation.
* A dose expansion phase of study will be enrolled after the MTD of the combination vaccine has been determined. An additional 4 subjects will be enrolled in the dose expansion component of the trial, for a total of 10 subjects at the MTD.
* The ETBX-011, ETBX-51 and ETBX-61 vaccines will be administered SC every 3 weeks for 3 doses, and then bi monthly boosts for up to a year. Evaluations including immunological assessments will be carried out at baseline, on days of vaccination, and after the last vaccination.

Eligibility criteria: * INCLUSION CRITERIA:
* Age greater than or equal to 18 years (male and female).
* Ability to understand and provide signed informed consent that fulfills Institutional Review Board (IRB)'s guidelines.
* Subjects with cytologically or histologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor malignancy.
* Subjects must have completed or had disease progression on at least one prior line of disease-appropriate therapy or not be candidates for therapy of proven efficacy for their disease.
* Subjects may have measurable or non-measurable but evaluable. Subjects with surgically resected locally advanced or metastatic disease at high risk of relapse are also eligible.
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status less than or equal to 1.
* Subjects who have received prior carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), mucin-1 (MUC1), and/or Brachyury-targeted immunotherapy (vaccine) are eligible for this trial if this treatment was discontinued at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
* Resolution of clinically significant side effects of prior chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy or surgical procedures to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade less than or equal to 1 or grade less than or equal to 2 for neuropathy.

  * Adequate hematologic function at screening, as follows:
  * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1 x 10\^9/L
  * Hemoglobin \>= 9 g/dL
  * Platelets \>= 75,000/mcL.
* Adequate renal and hepatic function at screening, as follows:

  * Serum creatinine less than or equal to 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) OR creatinine clearance (CrCl) \>= 40 mL/min (if using the Cockcroft-Gault formula below):

    * Female CrCl = ((140 - age in years) x weight in kg x 0.85) / (72 x serum creatinine in mg/dL)
    * Male CrCl = ((140 - age in years) x weight in kg x 1.00)/ 1.00) / (72 x serum creatinine in mg/dL)
  * Bilirubin less than or equal to 1.5 x ULN OR in subjects with Gilbert's syndrome, a total bilirubin less than or equal to 3.0 x ULN
* Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) less than or equal to 2.5 x ULN, unless liver metastases are present, then values must be less than or equal to 3 x ULN)
* The effects of the combination ETBX-011, ETBX-051, ETBX-061 vaccine regimen on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason, female subjects of childbearing potential defined as any female who has experienced menarche and who has not undergone surgical sterilization (hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy or tubal ligation) or who is not postmenopausal (menopause being defined clinically as 12 months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 in the absence of other biological or physiological causes) and male patients who are not surgically sterile (vasectomy etc.), must agree to use acceptable contraceptive methods for the duration of the study and for one month after the last vaccination. Acceptable forms of contraception include oral contraceptives, intrauterine device, condom or vaginal diaphragm plus spermicidal (gel/foam/cream/vaginal suppository), or total abstinence.
* Ability to attend required study visits and return for adequate follow up, as required by this protocol.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

* Pregnant and nursing women. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with combination ETBX-011, ETBX-051, ETBX-061, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with combination ETBX-011, ETBX-051, ETBX-061. These potential risks may also apply to other agents used in this study.
* There should be a minimum of 4 weeks from any prior investigational drug, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, with the exception of hormonal therapy for prostate and breast cancers, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-) directed therapy for HER2+ breast or stomach cancer (3+ immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH+), drugs targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma kinase (ALK) or ROS1 in EGFR,ALK, ROS1-mutated lung cancer, respectively, or standard maintenance therapies for any solid tumor under the condition that subjects are on these therapies for at least two months before start of trial treatment.
* There should also be a minimum of 4 weeks from any prior radiotherapy except for palliative bone directed therapy.
* Known active brain or central nervous system metastasis (less than 1 month out from definitive radiotherapy or surgery), or seizures requiring anticonvulsant treatment, or clinically significant cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack (\<3 months).
* Subjects with active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppressive treatment within the past 4 weeks such as but not restricted to inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, or multiple sclerosis. A history of autoimmune disease which is not active nor has required recent systemic immunosuppressive therapy (\< 4 weeks prior to enrollment) is not reason for exclusion.
* Subjects with serious intercurrent chronic or acute illness, such as cardiac or pulmonary disease, hepatic disease, or other illness considered by the Investigator as high risk for investigational drug treatment.
* Subjects with clinically significant heart disease, such as congestive heart failure (class II, III, or IV defined by the New York Heart Association functional classification), history of unstable or poorly controlled angina, or history (\< 1 year) of ventricular arrhythmia.
* Subjects with a medical or psychological impediment that would impair the ability of the subject to receive therapy per protocol or impact ability to comply with the protocol or protocol-required visits and procedures.
* History of second malignancy within 3 years prior to enrollment except for the following: adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer, cervical carcinoma in situ, superficial bladder cancer or other localized malignancy after discussion with the medical monitor.
* Presence of a known active acute or chronic infection, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by western blot) and hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus (HBV/HCV, as determined by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C serology).
* Subjects on systemic intravenous or oral corticosteroid therapy with the exception of physiologic doses of corticosteroids (less than or equal to the equivalent of prednisone 10 mg/day) or other immunosuppressives such as azathioprine or cyclosporin A are excluded on the basis of potential immune suppression. For these subjects these excluded treatments must be discontinued at least 2 weeks prior to enrollment for recent short course use (less than or equal to 14 days) or discontinued at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment for long term use (\> 14 days). In addition, the use of corticosteroids as premedication for contrast-enhanced studies is allowed prior to enrollment and on study.
* Subjects with known allergy or hypersensitivity to any component of the investigational product will be excluded.
* Subjects with acute or chronic skin disorders that will interfere with injection into the skin of the extremities or subsequent assessment of potential skin reactions will be excluded.
* Subjects vaccinated with a live (attenuated) vaccine (e.g., FluMist(R)) or a killed (inactivated)/subunit vaccine (e.g., PNEUMOVAX(R), Fluzone(R)) within 28 days or 14 days, respectively, of the first planned dose of ETBX vaccine.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of Participants With Serious and Non-serious Adverse Events
timeFrame: Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 16 months and 6 days.
measure: Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D)
timeFrame: RP2D was based upon evaluation of DLTs. Participants were followed for DLTs from the first dose of vaccine for 3 weeks.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieve an Objective Confirmed Complete or Partial Response Assessed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1)
timeFrame: Approximately 3.5 months
measure: Number of Patients With Disease Control (Confirmed Response or Stable Disease (SD)) Lasting for at Least 6 Months
timeFrame: up to 6 months
measure: Progression-free Survival (PFS)
timeFrame: up to 12 months
measure: Overall Survival (OS)
timeFrame: up to 12 months
Other outcomes:
measure: Number of Participants With a Positive Mucin-1 (MUC-1) Specific T-Cells Immune Response
timeFrame: up to week 6
measure: Number of Participants With a Positive Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Specific T-Cells Immune Response
timeFrame: up to week 6
measure: Number of Participants With a Positive Brachyury Specific T-Cells Immune Response
timeFrame: up to week 6
measure: Number of Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)
timeFrame: From the date of the first dose of vaccine, approximately 3 weeks.
Locations:
city: Bethesda
country: United States
facility: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
state: Maryland
Study officials:
affiliation: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
name: Julius Y Strauss, M.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Balint JP, Gabitzsch ES, Rice A, Latchman Y, Xu Y, Messerschmidt GL, Chaudhry A, Morse MA, Jones FR. Extended evaluation of a phase 1/2 trial on dosing, safety, immunogenicity, and overall survival after immunizations with an advanced-generation Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) vaccine in late-stage colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2015 Aug;64(8):977-87. doi: 10.1007/s00262-015-1706-4. Epub 2015 May 9.
citation: Morse MA, Chaudhry A, Gabitzsch ES, Hobeika AC, Osada T, Clay TM, Amalfitano A, Burnett BK, Devi GR, Hsu DS, Xu Y, Balcaitis S, Dua R, Nguyen S, Balint JP Jr, Jones FR, Lyerly HK. Novel adenoviral vector induces T-cell responses despite anti-adenoviral neutralizing antibodies in colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2013 Aug;62(8):1293-301. doi: 10.1007/s00262-013-1400-3. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
citation: Gabitzsch ES, Tsang KY, Palena C, David JM, Fantini M, Kwilas A, Rice AE, Latchman Y, Hodge JW, Gulley JL, Madan RA, Heery CR, Balint JP Jr, Jones FR, Schlom J. The generation and analyses of a novel combination of recombinant adenovirus vaccines targeting three tumor antigens as an immunotherapeutic. Oncotarget. 2015 Oct 13;6(31):31344-59. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.5181.
citation: Gatti-Mays ME, Redman JM, Donahue RN, Palena C, Madan RA, Karzai F, Bilusic M, Sater HA, Marte JL, Cordes LM, McMahon S, Steinberg SM, Orpia A, Burmeister A, Schlom J, Gulley JL, Strauss J. A Phase I Trial Using a Multitargeted Recombinant Adenovirus 5 (CEA/MUC1/Brachyury)-Based Immunotherapy Vaccine Regimen in Patients with Advanced Cancer. Oncologist. 2020 Jun;25(6):479-e899. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0608. Epub 2019 Oct 8.