Clinical trial NCT06039358: Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on the Biomechanics of Healthy Young Subjects
Official title: Influence of 6mg/kg of Caffeine Supplementation on the Technical Execution of General Movement Patterns Performed by Healthy Subjects, With and Without Neuromuscular Fatigue: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Caffeine
Biomechanics
Fatigue
Injuries
Physical Activity
Keywords: Ergogenic aids
Kinematics
Kinetics
Neuromuscular fatigue
Acute and chronic injuries
Jump
Squat
Running
Lead sponsor: University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Generalitat de Catalunya
name: European Union
First posted: 2023-09-15
Enrollment: 15
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 30
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Intervention model description: The assessed sessions, which will be identical, will be the control, the caffeine, and the placebo ones. The last two sessions mentioned will be performed in a randomized order.
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: Caffeine is one of the few supplements that have enough scientific evidence to state that can notably improve performance, as different remarkable organizations in the sports nutrition context have classified it as an ergogenic aid with strong evidence regarding its efficacy and that is apparently safe. The beneficial effect of this substance on physical and cognitive performance has been identified in aerobic and anaerobic efforts, including aerobic and muscular endurance, power, or strength.

However, it seems that the benefits of caffeine are usually measured only by its effect on performance, while a comprehensive analysis of its impact on other aspects of the movement technique of the exercise is not considered. Therefore, although caffeine generates better performance, a null or negative effect may occur on technique execution. As such, some consequences might arise (e.g., an increase in injury risk or a decrease in energy efficiency).

The objective of this randomized controlled trial is to assess the influence of caffeine on certain biomechanical parameters of the technique of physical exercises in circumstances without fatigue and under neuromuscular fatigue. The study hypothesis is that caffeine generates modifications in the technical execution of certain movements in fatigued and unfatigued circumstances due to its physiological effects, which may be beneficial for performance and injury prevention.

The participants will have to attend 5 sessions (enrollment, familiarization, control, placebo, and caffeine), at least 7 days apart. In the last 3 sessions, different measurements will be done to their technique while jumping, squatting, and running, without fatigue and with it. Other data will be collected throughout the study to contextualize and analyze in more detail the obtained information.

Detailed description: A detailed description of the study can be found in the protocol uploaded with this registry entry.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* An uninterrupted training time of at least 1 year in the subjects' regular exercise modality (either the person is still training or interrupted the training period during the last year, and with no more than 4 months of detraining).
* A good exercise technique of the assessed movement patterns (running, squatting, and jumping).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not being 18-30 years old.
* Having any relevant medical condition.
* Pregnancy.
* Smoking.
* Regular medication consumption / Medication consumption the days before the sessions during the study.
* Other supplementation regular consumption / Other supplementation consumption during the study (excluding sports foods, provided that their goal and nutrients have the objective of substituting the ingestion of regular food (e.g., isotonic drinks, carbohydrates gels, protein powder...), without adding other components that may act as ergogenic substances).
* Habitual caffeine consumption of \>25mg/day-0,99mg/kg/day.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Knee flexion angle at the midstance while running.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Ankle dorsiflexion angle at the midstance while running.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Step rate while running.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Contact time while running.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Stride length while running.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Flight time while running.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Running performance modification.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Hip angle while squatting, at the initial position, bottom position, and final position, and the eccentric and the concentric range of movement.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Knee angle while squatting, at the initial position, bottom position, and final position, and the eccentric and the concentric range of movement.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Ankle angle while squatting, at the initial position, bottom position, and final position, and the eccentric and the concentric range of movement.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Execution time while squatting, for the eccentric and the concentric phases of the movement.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Peak vertical force while squatting, for the eccentric and the concentric phases of the movement.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Rate of force development while squatting, for the eccentric and the concentric phases of the movement.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Squatting performance modification.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Contralateral pelvic drop angle while jumping, at the initial contact of the landing phase.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Knee valgus while jumping, at the initial contact and the deepest landing position of the landing phase, and the range of movement between these two moments.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Unweighting phase duration while jumping (jumping phase).
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Braking phase duration while jumping (jumping phase).
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Propulsive phase duration while jumping (jumping phase).
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Relative peak power output while jumping (jumping phase).
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Jumping performance modification.
timeFrame: During the control, placebo, and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Supplementation identification.
timeFrame: During the placebo and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
measure: Side effects.
timeFrame: During the day after the placebo and caffeine sessions (at least 7 days between them). The length of each session will be approximately 3 hours.
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Vic.
country: Spain
facility: University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia.
state: Barcelona.
Study officials:
affiliation: Sport, Exercise, and Human Movement (SEaHM), University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia.
name: Arnau Baena Riera, MSc.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: