Clinical trial NCT05373524: Rheopheresis Mechanism in Hemodialysis Patients With PAD
Official title: Rheopheresis Mechanism of Action and Impacts on the Evolution of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Hemodialysis Patients
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Hemodialysis
Lead sponsor: University Hospital, Grenoble
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: University Grenoble Alps
First posted: 2022-05-13
Enrollment: 18
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: Rheopheresis procedure/Shamapheresis procedure
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in chronic hemodialysis patients (HDC) with a prevalence of 30% according to the DOPPS study.

The combination of PAD and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 is a risk factor for major amputation (24.5%) with a mortality rate of 55% at 2 years.

Ischemia occurring during PAD is the result of impaired microcirculation, with insufficient blood flow to maintain tissue perfusion and viability.

It is responsible for painful skin wounds whose healing is poor, with a significant risk of infection.

In patients with chronic renal failure, it is linked to both:

* local phenomena (atherosclerosis, calcification)
* changes in blood viscosity (elevated hematocrit and inflammatory proteins, especially fibrinogen)
* a neovascularization defect (uremic toxins, in particular indoxyl sulphate). If revascularization is not possible, amputation remains the only possible treatment to relieve pain and limit the risk of infection.

Rheopheresis is an apheresis technique that allows the depletion of high molecular weight serum proteins.

This would reduce blood viscosity and red blood cell (RBC) aggregation, thereby improving microvascular perfusion, with the aim of reducing pain, improving healing and limiting the risk of amputation.

Several studies have investigated the efficacy of rheopheresis in PAD in HDC, but the level of evidence remains low.

Detailed description: The main objective of our study is to evaluate the impact of rheopheresis on blood (main objective) and plasma viscosity, skin microcirculation and blood coagulation (Fibrinography, Thrombin Generation).

No study has evaluated the direct effect of rheopheresis on these different parameters.

However, a better understanding of these mechanisms would make it possible both to optimize the effectiveness of the technique, to limit its potential side effects and the cost of treatment.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 years or more and included in the RHEOPAD protocol (2019-A01513-54)
* ESRD treated by hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration
* PAD-LTI with tissue loss and/or wounds (ulcers or gangrene) with at least one of the following criterion, subject to the feasibility of the measures: arterial pressure assessment at the ankle \<70 mmHg, or toe pressure 30 mm Hg, or transcutaneous oximetry measurements \< 40 mm Hg
* Interventional or surgical revascularization either not technically possible or no necessary
* Medical insurance
* Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* - Uncontrolled infection despite well-conducted antibiotic therapy
* Life expectancy \< 1 year
* Severe cognitive or psychiatric disorders
* Pregnant woman, parturient, nursing mother
* Patients unable to give an informed consent or unwilling to participate in the study

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in Blood viscosity measured by rotational rheometer
timeFrame: Immediately before 1ST and immediately after 12th procedure , outcome measurement will be reported at the end of the study (approximately 3 years)
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Blood viscosity measured by rotational rheometer
timeFrame: up to 24 weeks
Other outcomes:
measure: Evaluate the effect of rheopheresis on plasma viscosity measured by falling ball viscometer
timeFrame: Immediately before day 0 and 12-th procedure and immediately after 1st procedure
measure: Evaluate the effect of rheopheresis on skin microvascular function (1st and 12th sessions pre and post session)
timeFrame: Immediately before day0 and 1 years
measure: Evaluate the effect of rheopheresis on coagulation
timeFrame: Immediately before day 0 and 12-th procedure and immediately after 1st procedure
Locations:
city: Grenoble
country: France
facility: Grenoble University Hospital
Study officials:
References:
citation: Roustit M, Cracowski JL. Assessment of endothelial and neurovascular function in human skin microcirculation. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2013 Jul;34(7):373-84. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.05.007. Epub 2013 Jun 21.
citation: Meyer A, Fiessler C, Stavroulakis K, Torsello G, Bisdas T, Lang W; CRITISCH collaborators. Outcomes of dialysis patients with critical limb ischemia after revascularization compared with patients with normal renal function. J Vasc Surg. 2018 Sep;68(3):822-829.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.12.048. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
citation: Lowry D, Saeed M, Narendran P, Tiwari A. The Difference Between the Healing and the Nonhealing Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Review of the Role of the Microcirculation. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2017 Sep;11(5):914-923. doi: 10.1177/1932296816658054. Epub 2016 Jul 10.
citation: Weiss N. A critical review on the use of lipid apheresis and rheopheresis for treatment of peripheral arterial disease and the diabetic foot syndrome. Semin Dial. 2012 Mar-Apr;25(2):220-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2011.01036.x. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
citation: Ferrannini M, Vischini G, Staffolani E, Scaccia F, Miani N, Parravano MC, Louis MM, Splendiani G, Di Daniele N. Rheopheresis in vascular diseases. Int J Artif Organs. 2007 Oct;30(10):923-9. doi: 10.1177/039139880703001010.
citation: Klingel R, Mumme C, Fassbender T, Himmelsbach F, Altes U, Lotz J, Pohlmann T, Beyer J, Kustner E. Rheopheresis in patients with ischemic diabetic foot syndrome: results of an open label prospective pilot trial. Ther Apher Dial. 2003 Aug;7(4):444-55. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-0968.2003.00082.x.
citation: Kirschkamp T, Schmid-Schonbein H, Weinberger A, Smeets R. Effects of fibrinogen and alpha2-macroglobulin and their apheretic elimination on general blood rheology and rheological characteristics of red blood cell aggregates. Ther Apher Dial. 2008 Oct;12(5):360-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2008.00610.x.
citation: Briers JD. Laser Doppler, speckle and related techniques for blood perfusion mapping and imaging. Physiol Meas. 2001 Nov;22(4):R35-66. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/22/4/201.
citation: Roustit M, Millet C, Blaise S, Dufournet B, Cracowski JL. Excellent reproducibility of laser speckle contrast imaging to assess skin microvascular reactivity. Microvasc Res. 2010 Dec;80(3):505-11. doi: 10.1016/j.mvr.2010.05.012. Epub 2010 Jun 9.
citation: Choi B, Ramirez-San-Juan JC, Lotfi J, Stuart Nelson J. Linear response range characterization and in vivo application of laser speckle imaging of blood flow dynamics. J Biomed Opt. 2006 Jul-Aug;11(4):041129. doi: 10.1117/1.2341196.
citation: Stewart CJ, Frank R, Forrester KR, Tulip J, Lindsay R, Bray RC. A comparison of two laser-based methods for determination of burn scar perfusion: laser Doppler versus laser speckle imaging. Burns. 2005 Sep;31(6):744-52. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2005.04.004.