Clinical trial NCT07002658: Clinical Impact of Surgical Wound Morbidity According to the Type of Saphenous Vein Harvesting Technique (Endoscopic vs. Open) in Patients Undergoing Myocardial Revascularization Surgery
Official title: Endoscopic Saphenous Vein Harvesting Versus Conventional Open Harvesting in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Either Alone or in Combination With Another Cardiac Surgical Procedure, in Terms of the Clinical Impact of Surgical Wound Morbidity
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: CABG-patients
Saphenectomy
Endoscopic Surgery
Wound Complications
Antibiotic Use
Cardiac Surgery
Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft With or Without ECC
Keywords: endoscopic vein harvesting
CABG surgery
open vein harvesting
wound morbidity
Lead sponsor: Hospital San Carlos, Madrid
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2025-06-03
Enrollment: 356
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: One group will receive the open technique for saphenous vein harvesting and the other group will receive the endoscopic technique.
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The goal of this clinical trial is to compare two different techniques: endoscopic saphenous vein harvesting versus conventional open harvesting in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, either alone or in combination with another cardiac surgical procedure (valve surgery or arrhythmia surgery). The main questions the trial aims to answer are:

Does the endoscopic technique reduce surgical wound morbidity in terms of shorter hospital stays? Does endoscopic saphenous harvesting reduce the use of antibiotics for saphenectomy wound infections? Does the endoscopic technique reduce need for wound dressings due to necrosis and/or wound infection, and reduce need for analgesic treatment for wound pain? This prospective, randomized study will be conducted in the Cardiovascular Surgery Service at Hospital Clínico San Carlos.

Participants will be randomly assigned to a different saphenectomy technique. All patients will be assessed for saphenectomy wound complications upon discharge, and by phone call at 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months following the intervention.

Detailed description: * Pain in the leg incisions will be assessed using a standarized pain scale.
* Antibiotic and analgesic requirements for infection or pain in the saphenous vein surgical wound will be documeted.
* The need for outpatient treatment or hospitalization due to surgical wounds will be evaluated.
* A surgical wound cosmetic satisfaction survey will be administered to participants.

  * Images of the saphenectomy surgical wound will be collected at 1 month postoperatively.
  * Major cardiovascular events will be monitored during follow-up visits or hospital admissions and recorded in the RECC database (local service database)

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), alone or in combination with other surgery (valve or arrhythmia surgery), with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), in which preoperative evaluation includes the plan to use a short saphenous vein segment (alone or in addition to arterial conduits).
* Availability of a surgeon or cardiac surgery resident trained in endoscopic harvesting in the operating room.
* Patients undergoing myocardial revascularization surgeries with or without extracorporeal circulation.
* Patients undergoing concomitant cardiac valve replacement surgery, atrial fibrillation surgery, and others, in addition to CABG

Exclusion Criteria:

* Emergent surgery or procedures performed during cardiorespiratory arrest
* Myocardial revascularization with arterial grafts only
* Presence of varicose veins
* History of infrainguinal vascular surgery
* Presence of ulcers and/or active infection in the lower limbs
* Previous stroke with neurological sequelae in the legs
* History of deep vein thrombosis in the legs
* Pregnancy
* Age under 18 years
* Lack of signed informed consent

Primary outcomes:
measure: Wound morbidity
timeFrame: From enrollment to the three-month follow-up visit
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Freedom from combined cardiac events
timeFrame: 1 year
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Madrid
country: Spain
facility: Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos
Study officials:
References:
citation: Zenati MA, Bhatt DL, Bakaeen FG, Stock EM, Biswas K, Gaziano JM, Kelly RF, Tseng EE, Bitondo J, Quin JA, Almassi GH, Haime M, Hattler B, DeMatt E, Scrymgeour A, Huang GD; REGROUP Trial Investigators. Randomized Trial of Endoscopic or Open Vein-Graft Harvesting for Coronary-Artery Bypass. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jan 10;380(2):132-141. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1812390. Epub 2018 Nov 11.
citation: Sousa-Uva M, Neumann FJ, Ahlsson A, Alfonso F, Banning AP, Benedetto U, Byrne RA, Collet JP, Falk V, Head SJ, Juni P, Kastrati A, Koller A, Kristensen SD, Niebauer J, Richter DJ, Seferovic PM, Sibbing D, Stefanini GG, Windecker S, Yadav R, Zembala MO; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2019 Jan 1;55(1):4-90. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezy289. No abstract available.
citation: Sampath HK, Lee TJH, Cher CE, Liang S, Cheong OO, Kofidis T, Vitaly S, Sazzad F. A Comprehensive Clinical Outcome Analysis of Endoscopic Vessel Harvesting for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. J Clin Med. 2024 Jun 11;13(12):3405. doi: 10.3390/jcm13123405.
citation: Li G, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Liu Z, Zheng J. Mid-term and long-term outcomes of endoscopic versus open vein harvesting for coronary artery bypass: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2019 Dec;72:167-173. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.11.003. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
citation: Kopjar T, Dashwood MR. Towards Endoscopic No-Touch Saphenous Vein Graft Harvesting in Coronary Bypass Surgery. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2022 Sep 2;37(Spec 1):57-65. doi: 10.21470/1678-9741-2022-0144.
citation: Kodia K, Patel S, Weber MP, Luc JGY, Choi JH, Maynes EJ, Rizvi SA, Horan DP, Massey HT, Entwistle JW, Morris RJ, Tchantchaleishvili V. Graft patency after open versus endoscopic saphenous vein harvest in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Cardiothorac Surg. 2018 Sep;7(5):586-597. doi: 10.21037/acs.2018.07.05.
citation: Fudulu D, Angelini GD. Saphenous vein graft longevity: open or endoscopic, with VEST or without? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2022 Jun 15;62(1):ezac144. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezac144. No abstract available.
citation: Allen KB, Heimansohn DA, Robison RJ, Schier JJ, Griffith GL, Fitzgerald EB. Influence of endoscopic versus traditional saphenectomy on event-free survival: five-year follow-up of a prospective randomized trial. Heart Surg Forum. 2003;6(6):E143-5.