Clinical trial NCT02264717: Dan-NICAD - Danish Study of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Testing in Coronary Artery Disease
Official title: Dan-NICAD - Danish Study of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Testing in Coronary Artery Disease
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Angina Pectoris
Arteriosclerosis
Coronary Artery Disease
Myocardial Ischemia
Lead sponsor: University of Aarhus
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2014-10-15
Enrollment: 1676
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: DIAGNOSTIC

Brief summary: 1. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the CADscore System, a new danish technology that records sounds from turbulence of bloodflow in the coronary vessels.

And secondary:

1. To determine the accuracy of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), as secondary tests after detection of obstructive anatomic coronary artery stenosis by coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA).
2. To examine the patient population for bio-genetic markers related to development of arteriosclerosis.
3. To evaluate virtual fractional flow reserve (vFFR) computed from coronary angiograms.

Detailed description: Primary study CCTA is currently the first choice to rule out coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with typical or atypical chest pain. 4500 patients are annually examined with CCTA, in the Central Jutland Region of Denmark, and approximately 80% are discharged after ruling out CAD. CCTA is a diagnostic scan that exposes the patients to radiation, therefore a better risk stratification prior to the test is desirable. The CADscore is a newly developed danish technology that has been tested so far in 1000 patients. An area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic (AUC of ROC) of 75-80 has been determined compared to conventional coronary angiography using quantitative coronary angiography (CCA-QCA). This indicates that the CADscore could potentially be used to diagnose CAD as a supplement or risk stratification prior to CCTA.

We aim to evaluate the CADscore in a large clinical trial including 2000 patients that by clinical indication undergo cCTA. After cCTA approximately 20 % (400 patients) will need evaluation by CCA with FFR. CADscore results will be compared to CCTA and CCA-QCA. Secondary, the CADscore will be compared to the results of CCA-FFR and perfusion scans, Cardiac-MRI and SPECT.

Substudies

1. Perfusion scans

   CCTA demonstrates good diagnostic performance for detection and exclusion of anatomic coronary artery stenosis, but several studies have previously shown that CCTA has a low positive predictive value for identification of hemodynamically significant CAD. This emphasizes the need for additional tests to evaluate the severity (or exclusion) of hemodynamically significant CAD. Measurement of FFR during CCA represents the "gold standard" for assessment of the hemodynamic significance of coronary artery stenosis. The disadvantage of CCA with FFR is that it is an invasive procedure.

   After cCTA approximately 20 % (400 patients) will need further testing and that group of patients will be randomized to either Cardiac MRI or SPECT followed by CCA with FFR.

   The substudy aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of perfusion imaging (Cardiac MRI and SPECT) compared with CCA with FFR.
2. Virtual FFR

The accuracy and precision of virtual-FFR compared with conventional FFR will be determined. Virtual FFR is computed from the coronary angiogram using computational fluid dynamics. Subjects with diameter stenosis in the range of 30 to 90% by visual estimate in one or more vessel segments with reference diameter ≥2.0 mm will be included in the analysis. FFR is the reference standard to determine the presence or absence of hemodynamically significant obstruction with a cut-off value of 0.80. Computation of vFFR with and without hyperaemia will be compared.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Indication for Cardiac CT
* Signed

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age under 40
* Pregnant, potentially pregnant or breast feeding
* Contraindication for adenosine (severe asthma, clinical aortic stenosis)
* Reduced kidney function (eGFR \< 40 ml/min)
* Contraindication for MRI
* Previous history of allergy to contrast
* Previous revascularisation procedure

Primary outcomes:
measure: Diagnostic accuracy of the CADscore system compared to CCTA and CCA-QCA.
timeFrame: Within one week before or after CCTA
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Safety of CADScore Safety of CADScore
timeFrame: One week after the use of CADScore
measure: Diagnostic accuracy of the CADScore system compared to CCA-FFR.
timeFrame: Within four weeks after CADScore
Other outcomes:
measure: Feasibility of virtual FFR
timeFrame: one day
measure: Diagnostic accuracy of virtual FFR
timeFrame: one day
measure: The diagnostic accuracy of perfusion imaging (Cardiac MRI and SPECT)
timeFrame: Within 4 weeks after the CCTA
Locations:
city: Aarhus
country: Denmark
facility: Aarhus University Hospital
state: Region Midtjylland
city: Herning
country: Denmark
facility: Regional Hospital of Herning
state: Region Midtjylland
city: Silkeborg
country: Denmark
facility: Regional Hospital of Silkeborg
state: Region Midtjylland
Study officials:
affiliation: Regional Hospital of Herning, department of cardiology
name: Morten Bøttcher, MD, Ph.D
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Christiansen MK, Winther S, Nissen L, Vilhjalmsson BJ, Frost L, Johansen JK, Moller PL, Schmidt SE, Westra J, Holm NR, Jensen HK, Christiansen EH, Guethbjartsson DF, Holm H, Stefansson K, Botker HE, Bottcher M, Nyegaard M. Polygenic Risk Score-Enhanced Risk Stratification of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Stable Chest Pain. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2021 Jun;14(3):e003298. doi: 10.1161/CIRCGEN.120.003298. Epub 2021 May 25.
citation: Therkildsen J, Nissen L, Jorgensen HS, Thygesen J, Ivarsen P, Frost L, Isaksen C, Langdahl BL, Hauge EM, Boettcher M, Winther S. Thoracic Bone Mineral Density Derived from Cardiac CT Is Associated with Greater Fracture Rate. Radiology. 2020 Sep;296(3):499-508. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020192706. Epub 2020 Jul 14.
citation: Christiansen MK, Nissen L, Winther S, Moller PL, Frost L, Johansen JK, Jensen HK, Guethbjartsson D, Holm H, Stefansson K, Botker HE, Bottcher M, Nyegaard M. Genetic Risk of Coronary Artery Disease, Features of Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Plaque Burden. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 Feb 4;9(3):e014795. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.014795. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
citation: Winther S, Nissen L, Westra J, Schmidt SE, Bouteldja N, Knudsen LL, Madsen LH, Frost L, Urbonaviciene G, Holm NR, Christiansen EH, Botker HE, Bottcher M. Pre-test probability prediction in patients with a low to intermediate probability of coronary artery disease: a prospective study with a fractional flow reserve endpoint. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019 Nov 1;20(11):1208-1218. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jez058.
citation: Westra J, Tu S, Winther S, Nissen L, Vestergaard MB, Andersen BK, Holck EN, Fox Maule C, Johansen JK, Andreasen LN, Simonsen JK, Zhang Y, Kristensen SD, Maeng M, Kaltoft A, Terkelsen CJ, Krusell LR, Jakobsen L, Reiber JHC, Lassen JF, Bottcher M, Botker HE, Christiansen EH, Holm NR. Evaluation of Coronary Artery Stenosis by Quantitative Flow Ratio During Invasive Coronary Angiography: The WIFI II Study (Wire-Free Functional Imaging II). Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018 Mar;11(3):e007107. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.117.007107.
citation: Winther S, Nissen L, Schmidt SE, Westra JS, Rasmussen LD, Knudsen LL, Madsen LH, Kirk Johansen J, Larsen BS, Struijk JJ, Frost L, Holm NR, Christiansen EH, Botker HE, Bottcher M. Diagnostic performance of an acoustic-based system for coronary artery disease risk stratification. Heart. 2018 Jun;104(11):928-935. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311944. Epub 2017 Nov 9.
citation: Nissen L, Winther S, Isaksen C, Ejlersen JA, Brix L, Urbonaviciene G, Frost L, Madsen LH, Knudsen LL, Schmidt SE, Holm NR, Maeng M, Nyegaard M, Botker HE, Bottcher M. Danish study of Non-Invasive testing in Coronary Artery Disease (Dan-NICAD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2016 May 26;17(1):262. doi: 10.1186/s13063-016-1388-z.