Clinical trial NCT00526916: PET Imaging of Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors in Patients With Neurocysticercosis Using [C-11]PBR28
Official title: PET Imaging of Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors in Patients With Neurocysticercosis Using [C-11]PBR28
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Neurocysticercosis
Healthy
Keywords: Epilepsy
Taenia Solium
Microglia
Neuroinflammation
Compartment Model
Neurocysticercosis
Healthy Volunteer
HV
Lead sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2007-09-10
Enrollment: 18
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 75
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: DIAGNOSTIC

Brief summary: The purpose of this protocol is to measure peripheral benzodiazepine receptors in the brain using positron emission tomography (PET) and compare the imaging results between patients and healthy people.

Detailed description: Objective

In endemic regions neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of adult acquired epilepsy and thus an important public health problem. The disease is caused by infection with the larval form of the tapeworm, Taenia solium. Although neurocysticercosis is common only in many developing regions, an increased number of patients are diagnosed in developed countries mostly due to immigration of infected individuals.

The peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) can be a clinically useful marker to detect neuroinflammation because activated microglia in inflammatory areas expresses much greater levels of PBR than in microglia in resting conditions. PBR has been imaged with positron emission tomography (PET) using \[(11)C\]1-(2-chlorophenyl-N-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide (PK11195), which provides low levels of specific signal. Recently we developed a new ligand, \[(11)C\]N-acetyl-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)-2-phenoxy-5-pyridinamine (PBR28), which showed much greater specific signal than \[(11)C\]PK11195 in non-human primates.

The major objective of this protocol is to assess the utility of \[(11)C\]PBR28 PET to detect neuroinflammation in patients with neurocysticercosis.

Study population

Thirty patients will be recruited and clinically followed under protocol 85-I-0127, Treatment of Cysticercosis including Neurocysticercosis with Praziquantel or Albendazole, (PI: Theodore E. Nash, MD, NIAID). Thirty healthy subjects will be recruited.

Design

Fifteen patients with neurocysticercosis and the first 15 age-matched healthy subjects will have brain PET scans. Patients will have up to three \[(11)C\]PBR28 PET scans during the follow-up and the treatment under 85-I-0127, typically a few weeks apart.

Outcome measures

PBR28 binding will be compared with clinical symptoms and MRI findings. In addition, the binding will be compared between patients and age-matched control subjects because the high levels of specific binding may allow detection of an increase of PBR in regions where MRI does not detect inflammation.

Eligibility criteria: * INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Common to patients with neurocysticercosis and healthy subjects:

Ages between 18 and 75, inclusive.

Patients must meet the inclusion criteria of protocol 85-I-0127.

CONTROL SUBJECTS:

Are healthy based on history, physical exams, ECG, and lab tests.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

COMMON TO ALL SUBJECTS:

Current psychiatric illness, substance abuse or severe systemic disease based on history and physical exam.

ECG with clinically significant abnormalities. Any existing physical exam and ECG within one year will be reviewed and if none already exists in the chart, these will be obtained and reviewed.

Prior participation in other research protocols or clinical care in the last year such that radiation exposure would exceed the annual guideline of RSC.

Pregnancy or breast feeding.

Claustrophobia.

Positive HIV test.

Cannot lie on back for a few hours for the PET scans.

Presence of ferromagnetic metal in the body or heart pacemaker.

ADDITIONAL EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR PATIENTS:

Medically unstable.

Seizures are not well controlled with medications.

A history of brain disease other than neurocysticercosis.

Laboratory tests with clinically significant abnormalities unrelated to neurocysticercosis or its treatment.

ADDITIONAL EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR HEALTHY SUBJECTS:

Laboratory tests with clinically significant abnormalities.

A history of brain disease.

The usage of nonsteroidal and other anti-inflammatory medications is not an exclusion criterion.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Binding of [C-11]PBR28 at peripheral benzodiazepine receptors
Secondary outcomes:
measure: MRI
timeFrame: years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bethesda
country: United States
facility: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
state: Maryland
Study officials:
affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
name: Masahiro Fujita, M.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Anholt RR, De Souza EB, Oster-Granite ML, Snyder SH. Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors: autoradiographic localization in whole-body sections of neonatal rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1985 May;233(2):517-26.
citation: Anholt RR, Murphy KM, Mack GE, Snyder SH. Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors in the central nervous system: localization to olfactory nerves. J Neurosci. 1984 Feb;4(2):593-603. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-02-00593.1984.
citation: Anholt RR, Pedersen PL, De Souza EB, Snyder SH. The peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor. Localization to the mitochondrial outer membrane. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 15;261(2):576-83.
citation: Paul S, Gallagher E, Liow JS, Mabins S, Henry K, Zoghbi SS, Gunn RN, Kreisl WC, Richards EM, Zanotti-Fregonara P, Morse CL, Hong J, Kowalski A, Pike VW, Innis RB, Fujita M. Building a database for brain 18 kDa translocator protein imaged using [11C]PBR28 in healthy subjects. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2019 Jun;39(6):1138-1147. doi: 10.1177/0271678X18771250. Epub 2018 May 11.