Clinical trial NCT04984135: DCB Angioplasty for Coronary Lesions: an OCT Analysis
Official title: Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty for De-novo or in-Stent Restenotic Coronary Lesions: an Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Coronary Stenosis
Drug-coated Balloon
Keywords: Drug-coated balloon
Optical coherence tomography
De-novo coronary lesions
In-stent restenosis
Lead sponsor: The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2021-07-30
Enrollment: 70
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: CASE_ONLY
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients with de-novo or in-stent restenotic coronary lesions were treated with DCB

Brief summary: In this study, the investigators preformed OCT before and after DCB treatment, as well as at 6 months of follow-up, to assess the tissue characterization. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between quantitative and qualitative OCT findings, angiographic and clinical outcomes after PCB for coronary lesions.

Detailed description: The paclitaxel drug-coated balloon (DCB) is an emerging device in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); it allows a rapid local release of an anti-restenotic drug without the use of a durable polymer or metal scaffold. The DCB has been proven to be effective with paclitaxel in preclinical trials and in clinical practice for the treatment of coronary lesions such as in-stent restenosis (ISR), de novo and bifurcation lesions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an intravascular imaging modality that has higher resolution than intravascular ultrasound. Excellent contrast among lumen, vessel, and stent in OCT images allows accurate measurement of lumen and lesion. However, only a few studies have investigated the effect of DCB on the intimal lumen in the acute phase and during the follow-up using optical coherence tomography (OCT). In this study, the investigators preformed OCT before and after DCB treatment, as well as at 6 months of follow-up, to assess the tissue characterization.

Demographic, angiographic, and procedural data were collected. Participants were followed up with coronary angiography and OCT for at least 6-9 months, combined with OCT to analyze qualitative analysis of changes in plaque characterization, and late lumen loss. The participants were followed up for long-term clinical events (including cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization).

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Coronary angiography shows that at least one coronary artery has a diameter stenosis \>70% (left main stem diameter stenosis\>50%)
* Stable or unstable angina
* Availability for follow-up for up to 12 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* Acute myocardial infarction within 48 hours
* Severe calcified lesions
* Unable to tolerate dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT)
* Severe abnormal hematopoietic system, such as platelet count of \< 100×109/L or \> 700×109/L and white blood cell count of \< 3×109/L
* Active bleeding or bleeding tendency
* Severe coexisting conditions, such as severe renal insufficiency (GFR \< 60 ml/min•1.73m2), severe hepatic dysfunction \[elevated ALT (glutamicpyruvic transaminase) or AST (glutamic-oxal acetic transaminase) level by more than three-fold of the normal limitation\], acute or chronic heart failure (NYHA III-IV), acute infectious diseases, immune disorders, malignancy, etc.
* Life expectancy \< 12 months
* Pregnancy or planning pregnancy
* Drug allergies or contraindications to aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, statins, contract, anticoagulant, stent, etc.
* Participation or planning to participate in another clinical trial during the same period
* Refusal to comply with the study protocol

Primary outcomes:
measure: In-segment late lumen loss
timeFrame: 6 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Target lesion failure
timeFrame: 6 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Dalian
country: China
facility: The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University
state: Liaoning
Study officials:
affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University
name: Lei Guo, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Tada T, Kadota K, Hosogi S, Miyake K, Ohya M, Amano H, Izawa Y, Kanazawa T, Kubo S, Ichinohe T, Hyoudou Y, Hayakawa Y, Sabbah MM, Otsuru S, Hasegawa D, Habara S, Tanaka H, Fuku Y, Katoh H, Goto T, Mitsudo K. Association between tissue characteristics assessed with optical coherence tomography and mid-term results after percutaneous coronary intervention for in-stent restenosis lesions: a comparison between balloon angioplasty, paclitaxel-coated balloon dilatation, and drug-eluting stent implantation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Oct;16(10):1101-11. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jev031. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
citation: Miura K, Tada T, Habara S, Kuwayama A, Shimada T, Ohya M, Murai R, Amano H, Kubo S, Otsuru S, Tanaka H, Fuku Y, Goto T, Kadota K. Optical Coherence Tomography Predictors for Recurrent Restenosis After Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Drug-Eluting Stent Restenosis. Circ J. 2018 Oct 25;82(11):2820-2828. doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-18-0464. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
citation: Fukushima T, Ashikaga T, Yoshikawa S, Hatano Y, Ueshima D, Yamamoto T, Yasuhiro M, Isobe M. Effect of drug-coated balloon on stent restenosis, neointimal proliferation, and coronary dissection: an optical coherence tomography analysis. Coron Artery Dis. 2018 Jan;29(1):39-45. doi: 10.1097/MCA.0000000000000552.
citation: de la Torre Hernandez JM, Garcia Camarero T, Lozano Ruiz-Poveda F, Urbano-Carrillo CA, Sanchez Perez I, Cano-Garcia M, Saez R, Andres Morist A, Molina E, Pinar E, Torres A, Lezcano EJ, Gutierrez H, Arnold RJ, Zueco J. Angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of the Drug-Coated Balloon ESSENTIAL for the Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2020 Apr;21(4):508-513. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2019.07.021. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
citation: Her AY, Shin ES, Chung JH, Kim YH, Garg S, Lee JM, Doh JH, Nam CW, Koo BK. Plaque modification and stabilization after paclitaxel-coated balloon treatment for de novo coronary lesions. Heart Vessels. 2019 Jul;34(7):1113-1121. doi: 10.1007/s00380-019-01346-9. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
citation: Liu Y, Zhang YJ, Deng LX, Yin ZY, Hu T, Wang Q, Li Y, Li JY, Guo WY, Mou FJ, Tao L. 12-Month clinical results of drug-coated balloons for de novo coronary lesion in vessels exceeding 3.0 mm. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019 Apr;35(4):579-586. doi: 10.1007/s10554-018-1505-z. Epub 2019 Mar 30.
citation: Rissanen TT, Uskela S, Eranen J, Mantyla P, Olli A, Romppanen H, Siljander A, Pietila M, Minkkinen MJ, Tervo J, Karkkainen JM; DEBUT trial investigators. Drug-coated balloon for treatment of de-novo coronary artery lesions in patients with high bleeding risk (DEBUT): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2019 Jul 20;394(10194):230-239. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31126-2. Epub 2019 Jun 13.
citation: Sogabe K, Koide M, Fukui K, Kato Y, Kitajima H, Akabame S, Zen K, Nakamura T, Matoba S. Optical coherence tomography analysis of late lumen enlargement after paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty for de-novo coronary artery disease. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2021 Jul 1;98(1):E35-E42. doi: 10.1002/ccd.29435. Epub 2020 Dec 28.