Clinical trial NCT05591066: The Patient and Family Centered I-PASS LISTEN Study: Language, Inclusion, Safety, and Teamwork for Equity Now
Official title: The Patient and Family Centered I-PASS LISTEN Study: Language, Inclusion, Safety, and Teamwork for Equity Now
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Communication
Keywords: Family Centered Rounds
Patient Safety
Errors
Limited English Proficiency
Health Disparities
Adverse Events
Patient Experience
Family Engagement
Interprofessional Communication
Language Barriers
Lead sponsor: Boston Children's Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
name: Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings
First posted: 2022-10-24
Enrollment: 14400
Sex: ALL
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose: HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Brief summary: In 2014, a team of parents, nurses, and physicians created Patient and Family Centered I-PASS (PFC I-PASS), a bundle of communication interventions to improve the quality of information exchange between physicians, nurses, and families, and to better integrate families into all aspects of daily decision making in hospitals. PFC I-PASS changed how doctors and nurses talk to patients and families on rounds when they're admitted to the hospital. (Rounds are when a team of doctors visit patients every morning to do a checkup and make a plan for the day.) Rounds used to happen in a way that left out patients and families. Doctors talked at, not with patients, used big words and medical talk, and left nurses out. PFC I-PASS changed rounds by including families and nurses, using simple non-medical words, and talking in an organized way so nothing is left out. When PFC I-PASS was put in place in 7 hospitals, patients had fewer adverse events and better hospital experience. But it didn't focus on how to talk with patients with language barriers. This project builds upon upon PFC I-PASS to make it better and focus on the special needs of patients who speak languages other than English. This new intervention is known as PFC I-PASS+. PFC I-PASS+ includes all parts of PFC I-PASS plus having interpreters on and after rounds and training doctors about communication and cultural humility. The study team will now conduct a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial to compare the effectiveness of PFC I-PASS+ and PFC I-PASS to usual care at 8 hospitals.

Detailed description: Hospitalized patients who use languages other than English (LOE, Box 1) for care are at high risk for adverse events (AEs) due to communication failures. These failures include underutilizing safety-promoting strategies, such as certified interpreters, high-reliability structured communication, and family engagement. Patients using LOE also face individual bias from providers (eg, assuming lower intelligence based on accent) and systemic bias from systems not designed to meet their needs (eg, hospitals failing to invest in translation services), which lead to safety risks and poorer health. Patients using LOE also face intersectional bias based on race and ethnicity and other characteristics.

With PCORI's support, we developed a structured communication intervention-Patient and Family Centered I-PASS (PFC I-PASS)-to improve family engagement on rounds that led to a 38% reduction in preventable AEs and improved hospital experience. In the subset of patients/families with language barriers, AEs and hospital experience improved further. However, sites struggled with how to implement PFC I-PASS in patients using LOE for care. Disparities in family engagement in patients using LOE for care persisted and interpreter use varied. We have bolstered PFC I-PASS with evidence-based strategies, including standardized use of certified in-person and video interpreters during and after rounds, cultural humility training, and provider communication skills training (PFC I-PASS+).

The overall goal of this project is to compare the effectiveness of PFC I-PASS+ and PFC I-PASS vs usual care (unstructured communication and unstandardized interpretation at provider discretion) in a population of hospitalized children using LOE (PCORI populations of interest). To pursue this goal, we will conduct a multicenter Hybrid Type I effectiveness trial. We will randomize 4 sites to PFC I-PASS+ and 4 site to PFC I-PASS, using a Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial (SW-CRT) design to compare the effectiveness of PFC I-PASS and I-PASS+ vs usual care. We will compare safety, experience, discrimination, and communication using gold standard systematic safety surveillance and patient/ family-reported measures. Our primary aim is to test the hypothesis that among patients using LOE for care, both PFC I-PASS+ and PFC I-PASS, vs usual care, will improve: AE rates, patient/family experience of provider communication and experience of discrimination, and communication openness, and frequency of patient-provider communications using interpreters.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* All patients admitted to the pediatric inpatient study units of participating hospitals
* Patients themselves who are age 13 and up (if they provide assent and their parent or guardian gives permission)\*
* Parents/caregivers of patients of all ages who speak English, Arabic, Armenian, Bengali, Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese), Karen, Korean, Nepali, Quiche, Spanish, Somali, and Vietnamese (and/or other languages if resources allow)
* Nurses working on these units
* Residents working on these units
* Medical and nursing students working on these units
* Hospital leaders working at these hospitals
* \*Note for Consenting: Patients (13-18yo) who are in state custody and assent for themselves to complete surveys but lack legal guardian/caregiver present to offer consent are not being approached to complete surveys. These patients may still be enrolled in the study but not consented to complete patient-facing forms.

Exclusion Criteria: None

Primary outcomes:
measure: Adverse Event Rates
timeFrame: 24 months (including usual care and intervention implementation data collection which will happen sequentially) per site (8 sites total)
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Patient/Family Experience with Care Questionnaire
timeFrame: 24 months (including usual care and intervention implementation data collection which will happen sequentially) per site (8 sites total)
measure: Patient/Family Experience of Discrimination (Discrimination In Medical Settings Scale)
timeFrame: 24 months (including usual care and intervention implementation data collection which will happen sequentially) per site (8 sites total)
measure: Safety Climate (The Children's Hospital Safety Climate Questionnaire)
timeFrame: 24 months (including usual care and intervention implementation data collection which will happen sequentially)per site (8 sites total)
measure: Observations of Quality and Frequency of Communications
timeFrame: 24 months (including usual care and intervention implementation data collection which will happen sequentially) per site (8 sites total)
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Birmingham
country: United States
facility: University of Alabama at Birmingham
state: Alabama
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: Children's Hospital Los Angeles
state: California
city: Oakland
country: United States
facility: UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital of Oakland
state: California
city: Omaha
country: United States
facility: University of Nebraska Medical Center
state: Nebraska
city: Bronx
country: United States
facility: Children's Hospital at Montefiore
state: New York
city: Columbus
country: United States
facility: The Research Institute of Nationwide Children's Hospital
state: Ohio
city: Pittsburgh
country: United States
facility: UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
state: Pennsylvania
city: Amarillo
country: United States
facility: Northwest Texas Healthcare System
state: Texas
Study officials:
affiliation: Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School
name: Alisa Khan, MD, MPH
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Starmer AJ, Spector ND, Srivastava R, West DC, Rosenbluth G, Allen AD, Noble EL, Tse LL, Dalal AK, Keohane CA, Lipsitz SR, Rothschild JM, Wien MF, Yoon CS, Zigmont KR, Wilson KM, O'Toole JK, Solan LG, Aylor M, Bismilla Z, Coffey M, Mahant S, Blankenburg RL, Destino LA, Everhart JL, Patel SJ, Bale JF Jr, Spackman JB, Stevenson AT, Calaman S, Cole FS, Balmer DF, Hepps JH, Lopreiato JO, Yu CE, Sectish TC, Landrigan CP; I-PASS Study Group. Changes in medical errors after implementation of a handoff program. N Engl J Med. 2014 Nov 6;371(19):1803-12. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa1405556.
citation: Khan A, Coffey M, Litterer KP, Baird JD, Furtak SL, Garcia BM, Ashland MA, Calaman S, Kuzma NC, O'Toole JK, Patel A, Rosenbluth G, Destino LA, Everhart JL, Good BP, Hepps JH, Dalal AK, Lipsitz SR, Yoon CS, Zigmont KR, Srivastava R, Starmer AJ, Sectish TC, Spector ND, West DC, Landrigan CP; the Patient and Family Centered I-PASS Study Group; Allair BK, Alminde C, Alvarado-Little W, Atsatt M, Aylor ME, Bale JF Jr, Balmer D, Barton KT, Beck C, Bismilla Z, Blankenburg RL, Chandler D, Choudhary A, Christensen E, Coghlan-McDonald S, Cole FS, Corless E, Cray S, Da Silva R, Dahale D, Dreyer B, Growdon AS, Gubler L, Guiot A, Harris R, Haskell H, Kocolas I, Kruvand E, Lane MM, Langrish K, Ledford CJW, Lewis K, Lopreiato JO, Maloney CG, Mangan A, Markle P, Mendoza F, Micalizzi DA, Mittal V, Obermeyer M, O'Donnell KA, Ottolini M, Patel SJ, Pickler R, Rogers JE, Sanders LM, Sauder K, Shah SS, Sharma M, Simpkin A, Subramony A, Thompson ED Jr, Trueman L, Trujillo T, Turmelle MP, Warnick C, Welch C, White AJ, Wien MF, Winn AS, Wintch S, Wolf M, Yin HS, Yu CE. Families as Partners in Hospital Error and Adverse Event Surveillance. JAMA Pediatr. 2017 Apr 1;171(4):372-381. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.4812.
citation: Khan A, Spector ND, Baird JD, Ashland M, Starmer AJ, Rosenbluth G, Garcia BM, Litterer KP, Rogers JE, Dalal AK, Lipsitz S, Yoon CS, Zigmont KR, Guiot A, O'Toole JK, Patel A, Bismilla Z, Coffey M, Langrish K, Blankenburg RL, Destino LA, Everhart JL, Good BP, Kocolas I, Srivastava R, Calaman S, Cray S, Kuzma N, Lewis K, Thompson ED, Hepps JH, Lopreiato JO, Yu CE, Haskell H, Kruvand E, Micalizzi DA, Alvarado-Little W, Dreyer BP, Yin HS, Subramony A, Patel SJ, Sectish TC, West DC, Landrigan CP. Patient safety after implementation of a coproduced family centered communication programme: multicenter before and after intervention study. BMJ. 2018 Dec 5;363:k4764. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k4764.
citation: Khan A, Yin HS, Brach C, Graham DA, Ramotar MW, Williams DN, Spector N, Landrigan CP, Dreyer BP; Patient and Family Centered I-PASS Health Literacy Subcommittee. Association Between Parent Comfort With English and Adverse Events Among Hospitalized Children. JAMA Pediatr. 2020 Dec 1;174(12):e203215. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.3215. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
citation: Parente VM, Khan A, Robles JM. Belonging on Rounds: Translating Research Into Inclusive Practices for Families With Limited English Proficiency to Promote Safety, Equity, and Quality. Hosp Pediatr. 2022 May 1;12(5):e171-e173. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2022-006581. No abstract available.
citation: Khan A, Quinones-Perez B, Castellanos A, Garcia S, MacInnes E. Promoting true meaningful access and equity for patients and clinicians through the use of certified interpreters in hospitals. J Hosp Med. 2022 Sep;17(9):772-773. doi: 10.1002/jhm.12943. Epub 2022 Aug 17. No abstract available.
citation: Khan A, Parente V, Baird JD, Patel SJ, Cray S, Graham DA, Halley M, Johnson T, Knoebel E, Lewis KD, Liss I, Romano EM, Trivedi S, Spector ND, Landrigan CP; Patient and Family Centered I-PASS SCORE Scientific Oversight Committee; Bass EJ, Calaman S, Fegley AE, Knighton AJ, O'Toole JK, Sectish TC, Srivastava R, Starmer AJ, West DC. Association of Patient and Family Reports of Hospital Safety Climate With Language Proficiency in the US. JAMA Pediatr. 2022 Aug 1;176(8):776-786. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.1831.