Clinical trial NCT01203852: Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses 2
Official title: Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses 2
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE4
Conditions: Hypertension
Keywords: hypertension
antihypertensive drug
pharmacogenetics
genetics
blood pressure
glucose
Lead sponsor: University of Florida
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
First posted: 2010-09-16
Enrollment: 839
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: There are many medications available for the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension), but finding the right one for a specific patient can be challenging. In fact, it is estimated that less than 50% of people with hypertension have their blood pressure under control. The hypothesis is that genetic differences between individuals influence their response to antihypertensive medications. This study is aimed at determining the genetic factors that may influence a person's response to either a beta-blocker or a thiazide diuretic. The hope is that through this research, the investigators may someday be able to use an individual's genetic information to guide the selection of their blood pressure medicine, leading to better control of blood pressure, and less need for the current trial and error process.

Detailed description: The proposed work should help move toward the long-term goal of selection of antihypertensive drug therapy based on a patient's genetic make-up. Hypertension (HTN) is the most common chronic disease for which drugs are prescribed, and the most prevalent risk factor for heart attack, stroke, renal failure and heart failure. Responses to antihypertensive drug therapy exhibit considerable interpatient variability, contributing to poor rates of HTN control (currently about 40-50% in the US), and frequent nonadherence and dropout from therapy. We propose to identify genetic predictors of the antihypertensive and adverse metabolic responses to two preferred and pharmacodynamically contrasting drugs, a beta-blocker (metoprolol) and a thiazide diuretic (chlorthalidone) in a sequential monotherapy design in 400 hypertensive individuals. Data collected will include home and clinic blood pressure, blood samples for testing for adverse metabolic effects and other biomarkers, RNA, and DNA and urine sample. We will conduct genome-wide association single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and data from the study will be used for replication of findings from the previous PEAR trial, along with new discoveries. The primary aims are to define the genetic determinants of the antihypertensive response and adverse metabolic responses (e.g. changes in glucose, triglycerides and uric acid). The proposed research is significant because genetically-targeted antihypertensive therapy could lead to dramatically higher response rates and fewer adverse effects than the usual trial-and-error approach. This would likely lead to higher rates of HTN control, less need for polypharmacy, reduced health care costs, and improved outcomes.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* An average seated home diastolic blood pressure (DBP) \> 85 mmHg and \< 110 mmHg and home systolic blood pressure (SBP) \< 180 mmHg.
* Subjects must also have an average seated (\> 5 minutes) clinic DBP between 90 mmHg and 110 mmHg and SBP \< 180 mmHg

Exclusion Criteria:

* Secondary forms of hypertension (HTN) (including sleep apnea)
* Isolated systolic HTN
* Other diseases requiring treatment with BP lowering medications
* Heart rate \< 55 beats/min (for metoprolol only)
* Known cardiovascular disease (including history of angina pectoris, heart failure, presence of a cardiac pacemaker, history of myocardial infarction or revascularization procedure, or cerebrovascular disease, including stroke and TIA)
* Diabetes mellitus (Type 1 or 2)
* Renal insufficiency (serum creatinine \> 1.5 in men or 1.4 in women)
* Primary renal disease
* Pregnancy or lactation
* Liver enzymes \> 2.5 upper limits of normal
* Current treatment with NSAIDS, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitors, oral contraceptives or estrogen.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in Blood Pressure From Baseline to Treatment
timeFrame: after 6-8 weeks of treatment
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Adverse Metabolic Effects
timeFrame: after 6-8 weeks treatment
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Gainesville
country: United States
facility: University of Florida
state: Florida
city: Atlanta
country: United States
facility: Emory University School of Medicine
state: Georgia
city: Rochester
country: United States
facility: Mayo Clinic, Division of Hypertension
state: Minnesota
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Florida
name: Julie A Johnson, PharmD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Hamadeh IS, Langaee TY, Dwivedi R, Garcia S, Burkley BM, Skaar TC, Chapman AB, Gums JG, Turner ST, Gong Y, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Johnson JA. Impact of CYP2D6 polymorphisms on clinical efficacy and tolerability of metoprolol tartrate. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Aug;96(2):175-81. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2014.62. Epub 2014 Mar 17.
citation: Mehanna M, Wang Z, Gong Y, McDonough CW, Beitelshees AL, Gums JG, Chapman AB, Schwartz GL, Bailey KR, Johnson JA, Turner ST, Cooper-DeHoff RM. Plasma Renin Activity Is a Predictive Biomarker of Blood Pressure Response in European but not in African Americans With Uncomplicated Hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2019 Jun 11;32(7):668-675. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpz022.
citation: Sa ACC, Webb A, Gong Y, McDonough CW, Shahin MH, Datta S, Langaee TY, Turner ST, Beitelshees AL, Chapman AB, Boerwinkle E, Gums JG, Scherer SE, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Sadee W, Johnson JA. Blood pressure signature genes and blood pressure response to thiazide diuretics: results from the PEAR and PEAR-2 studies. BMC Med Genomics. 2018 Jun 20;11(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12920-018-0370-x.
citation: Singh S, McDonough CW, Gong Y, Alghamdi WA, Arwood MJ, Bargal SA, Dumeny L, Li WY, Mehanna M, Stockard B, Yang G, de Oliveira FA, Fredette NC, Shahin MH, Bailey KR, Beitelshees AL, Boerwinkle E, Chapman AB, Gums JG, Turner ST, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Johnson JA. Genome Wide Association Study Identifies the HMGCS2 Locus to be Associated With Chlorthalidone Induced Glucose Increase in Hypertensive Patients. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Mar 9;7(6):e007339. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.007339.
citation: Shahin MH, Sa AC, Webb A, Gong Y, Langaee T, McDonough CW, Riva A, Beitleshees AL, Chapman AB, Gums JG, Turner ST, Boerwinkle E, Scherer SE, Sadee W, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Johnson JA. Genome-Wide Prioritization and Transcriptomics Reveal Novel Signatures Associated With Thiazide Diuretics Blood Pressure Response. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2017 Jan;10(1):e001404. doi: 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.116.001404.