Clinical trial NCT02400034: Comparing Voiding Trials After Midurethral Sling for Stress Incontinence
Official title: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Force of Stream to Traditional Retrograde Fill Voiding Trial After Midurethral Sling With or Without Vaginal Prolapse Surgery
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Stress Urinary Incontinence
Urethral Hypermobility
Cystocele
Keywords: midurethral sling
Voiding trial
stress urinary incontinence
Lead sponsor: Northwell Health
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2015-03-26
Enrollment: 112
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Urinary incontinence is a prevalent health and quality of life concern affecting almost half of women over the age of 20. Urinary retention (abnormal holding of urine) is a concern of many surgeons who perform midurethral sling surgery. All patients after outpatient midurethral sling or vaginal prolpase surgery must complete a voiding trial if they are to be discharged without a catheter. The purpose of this study is to compare two different types of postoperative voiding trials to determine which leads to less post-operative issues, such as urinary retention requiring catheterization. You are being asked to participate because you are having midurethral sling surgery, either with or without vaginal prolapse repair.

Detailed description: Urinary incontinence is a prevalent health and quality of life concern affecting an estimated 49.6% of women over the age of 20 years in the USA. (1) Of these, 49.8% describe pure stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and 34.3% report mixed stress and urgency urinary incontinence. (1)

Midurethral sling (MUS) surgery is used to treat women with SUI, but accepted protocols for voiding trials after midurethral sling placement do not exist. Primarily, many surgeons measure postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume. This is done by retrograde filling of the bladder with a predetermined amount of normal saline or water. The catheter is then removed and the patient is permitted to void into a collection basin. The amount in the basin is subtracted from the filled amount. The need for catheterization is generally based on arbitrarily determined ratios of voided urine to PVR or postoperative.

The acceptable amount voided during catheterization varies among practitioners. In a study by Kleeman et al, the patient was required to void \>50% of volume filled during retrograde fill for discharge from hospital without an indwelling Foley catheter (2). Pulvino et al, required that the patient void \> 2/3 the amount of the volume placed during retrograde fill (3). The force of stream trial (FAST) does not prioritize amount voided, but rather the patient's subjective force of stream. The bladder is retrograde filled with 300cc normal saline or water and the patient is instructed to void.. Using FAST, a patient uses a VAS scale to quantify her force of stream. If she states that her Force of Stream (FOS) is \>50% stronger than prior to surgery, independent of the amount voided, she is discharged without a catheter. If the FOS is \<50% a PVR via bladder scan is performed. If her PVR is \<500cc the patient was discharged home without a catheter in place. If the PVR, via bladder scan was \> 500cc she was discharged with a catheter. Ingber et. Al. showed the FAST method was a safe method for predicting postoperative voiding dysfunction and/or urinary retention. No patients presented to the office or emergency room for voiding dysfunction or urinary retention (4).

Urinary retention is a concern of many surgeons who perform midurethral sling surgery; 25% of urologists routinely discharge patients home with a catheter and 31% admit patients overnight or for 23 hour observation, with 42% doing so for the primary purpose of facilitating the voiding trial. (5)

Published catheterization rates for these protocols can approach 39%. (6,7) Temporary catheterization does not pose a significant medical risk, but it is perceived as an inconvenience and source of discomfort for many patients. Proper care of an indwelling foley catheter requires extra teaching from nursing and/or house staff.

No randomized control trials (RCT) have been performed comparing the FAST method to the traditional retrograde voiding trial. In our practice we assess postoperative voiding function using the retrograde fill with 300cc saline or water. We also require a 2/3 quantity voided for discontinuation of catheter.

All patients after outpatient midurethral sling or vaginal prolpase surgery must complete a voiding trial if they are to be discharged without a catheter. This is standard of care and followed in our practice. We would like to compare both postoperative voiding trials in patients who have undergone surgical repair concomitant midurethral sling with or without anterior colporrhaphy. We will include those patients who also had an anterior colporrhaphy at time of sling placement as this procedure is commonly performed at the time of sling placement for stablization of MUS. We will assess the number of emergent or unexpected visits for voiding dysfunction. An unexpected visit to the office will be defined as any visit outside of the patient's prior scheduled postoperative visits.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Postoperative patients after placement of midurethral sling (retropubic sling or transobturator) with or without anterior or posterior colporrhaphy.
2. Ability to provide informed consent and complete all study requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who underwent a surgery that requires long term catheterization (i.e fistula repair or urethral diverticulum)
2. Patients who sustained a cystotomy during surgery as our divisional protocol is to send these patients home with a Foley catheter for 5-14 days without a voiding trial
3. Patients who had an apical repair for pelvic organ prolapse (Uterosacral vaginal vault suspension, Abdominal sacral colpopexy, sacrospinous ligament fixation)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Rate of emergency room visits or unexpected visits to the office within 6 weeks postoperatively for voiding dysfunction or suspected infection
timeFrame: 6 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of patients sent home with a catheter
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Number of patients with reported UTI
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Time to discharge from hospital
timeFrame: 6 weeks
measure: Patient satisfaction with postoperative bladder function
timeFrame: 6 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Great Neck
country: United States
facility: Urogynecology, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
state: New York
Study officials:
affiliation: North Shore LIJ Divsion of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
name: Harvey A Winkler, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Stav K, Dwyer PL, Rosamilia A, Schierlitz L, Lim YN, Chao F, De Souza A, Thomas E, Murray C, Conway C, Lee J. Repeat synthetic mid urethral sling procedure for women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence. J Urol. 2010 Jan;183(1):241-6. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.08.111.
citation: Kleeman S, Goldwasser S, Vassallo B, Karram M. Predicting postoperative voiding efficiency after operation for incontinence and prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Jul;187(1):49-52. doi: 10.1067/mob.2002.124841.
citation: Pulvino JQ, Duecy EE, Buchsbaum GM, Flynn MK. Comparison of 2 techniques to predict voiding efficiency after inpatient urogynecologic surgery. J Urol. 2010 Oct;184(4):1408-12. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.05.096. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
citation: Ingber MS, Vasavada SP, Moore CK, Rackley RR, Firoozi F, Goldman HB. Force of stream after sling therapy: safety and efficacy of rapid discharge care pathway based on subjective patient report. J Urol. 2011 Mar;185(3):993-7. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.10.050. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
citation: Barron KI, Savageau JA, Young SB, Labin LC, Morse AN. Prediction of successful voiding immediately after outpatient mid-urethral sling. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2006 Nov;17(6):570-5. doi: 10.1007/s00192-005-0064-8. Epub 2006 Apr 1.
citation: Foster RT Sr, Borawski KM, South MM, Weidner AC, Webster GD, Amundsen CL. A randomized, controlled trial evaluating 2 techniques of postoperative bladder testing after transvaginal surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Dec;197(6):627.e1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.08.017.
citation: Peleg AY, Hooper DC. Hospital-acquired infections due to gram-negative bacteria. N Engl J Med. 2010 May 13;362(19):1804-13. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0904124. No abstract available.
citation: El-Barky E, El-Shazly A, El-Wahab OA, Kehinde EO, Al-Hunayan A, Al-Awadi KA. Tension free vaginal tape versus Burch colposuspension for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Int Urol Nephrol. 2005;37(2):277-81. doi: 10.1007/s11255-004-6101-6.
citation: Barber MD, Kleeman S, Karram MM, Paraiso MF, Walters MD, Vasavada S, Ellerkmann M. Transobturator tape compared with tension-free vaginal tape for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Mar;111(3):611-21. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318162f22e.
citation: Ward KL, Hilton P; UK and Ireland TVT Trial Group. Tension-free vaginal tape versus colposuspension for primary urodynamic stress incontinence: 5-year follow up. BJOG. 2008 Jan;115(2):226-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01548.x. Epub 2007 Oct 25.
citation: Liapis A, Bakas P, Creatsas G. Long-term efficacy of tension-free vaginal tape in the management of stress urinary incontinence in women: efficacy at 5- and 7-year follow-up. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2008 Nov;19(11):1509-12. doi: 10.1007/s00192-008-0664-1. Epub 2008 Jun 10.