Clinical trial NCT02214641: Resilient, Empowered, Active Living: REAL Diabetes Study
Official title: Diabetes Self-Management Lifestyle Intervention for Urban Minority Young Adults
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Lead sponsor: University of Southern California
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
First posted: 2014-08-12
Enrollment: 81
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 30
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This three-year award will pilot-test an innovative intervention, Resilient, Empowered, Active Living with Diabetes (REAL), targeting underserved minority young adults with poorly-controlled diabetes. The individually tailored, community-based intervention merges findings of an in-depth needs assessment, principles of an evidence-based occupational therapy intervention (Lifestyle Redesign®) and evidence-based diabetes self-management strategies. A proof-of-concept study demonstrated that REAL is feasible to implement, acceptable to young adults with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, and has potential to produce positive changes in diabetes self-care and glycemic control. The study will randomize 80 young adults with diabetes to receive either the six-month REAL intervention or an attention control condition. Blinded data collectors will assess glycemic control, diabetes self-care behaviors and quality of life outcomes, as well as potential intervention mediators, before and after the six-month intervention. It is anticipated that findings from this pilot study will be used to inform a large-scale randomized controlled trial of the REAL intervention.

The study's specific aims and hypotheses are as follows:

Aim 1. Determine the intervention's efficacy for the primary outcomes: glycemic control and diabetes self-care.

Hypothesis: At 6 months (immediately following the intervention), intervention group participants will demonstrate improvements in A1C and diabetes self-care as compared to control group participants.

Aim 2. Conduct exploratory analyses of the intervention's impact on secondary outcomes and potential mediating mechanisms (to inform power estimates for a large-scale RCT).

Hypothesis 1: At 6 months, intervention group participants will demonstrate improvements in secondary outcomes: diabetes-related stress and quality of life, depression, and life satisfaction as compared to control group participants.

Hypothesis 2: At 6 months, intervention group participants will demonstrate improvements in potential mediators of the intervention: habit strength, problem solving, activity participation, self-efficacy and diabetes knowledge as compared to baseline.

Aim 3. Conduct a process evaluation utilizing mixed methods to evaluate and refine intervention delivery (e.g. treatment fidelity, patient satisfaction) and study procedures (e.g. recruitment, retention, testing protocol).


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus for a minimum of 12 months
* Most recent A1C ≥8.0%
* Fluent in English or Spanish
* Reachable by telephone or text message
* Willing to participate in study activities
* Reside in Los Angeles County with no plans to relocate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or planning to become pregnant
* Cognitive impairment or severe disability limiting life expectancy
* Participated in lifestyle intervention targeting diabetes within past 12 months
* Participated in formative research related to intervention development.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C)
timeFrame: Baseline & 6 months.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADD-QoL)
timeFrame: Baseline & 6 months.
measure: Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) Scale - Short Form
timeFrame: Baseline & 6 months.
measure: Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8)
timeFrame: Baseline & 6 months
measure: Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS)
timeFrame: Baseline & 6 months.
measure: Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA)
timeFrame: Baseline & 6 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: USC
state: California
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Southern California
name: Elizabeth Pyatak, PhD, OTR/L
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Pyatak EA, Florindez D, Peters AL, Weigensberg MJ. "We are all gonna get diabetic these days": the impact of a living legacy of type 2 diabetes on Hispanic young adults' diabetes care. Diabetes Educ. 2014 Sep-Oct;40(5):648-58. doi: 10.1177/0145721714535994. Epub 2014 May 27.
citation: Pyatak EA, Sequeira PA, Whittemore R, Vigen CP, Peters AL, Weigensberg MJ. Challenges contributing to disrupted transition from paediatric to adult diabetes care in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2014 Dec;31(12):1615-24. doi: 10.1111/dme.12485. Epub 2014 May 26.
citation: Pyatak EA, Florindez D, Weigensberg MJ. Adherence decision making in the everyday lives of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2013 Jul 29;7:709-18. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S47577. Print 2013.
citation: Pyatak EA, Carandang K, Davis S. Developing a Manualized Occupational Therapy Diabetes Management Intervention: Resilient, Empowered, Active Living With Diabetes. OTJR (Thorofare N J). 2015 Jul;35(3):187-94. doi: 10.1177/1539449215584310.
citation: Pyatak EA, Carandang K, Vigen C, Blanchard J, Sequeira PA, Wood JR, Spruijt-Metz D, Whittemore R, Peters AL. Resilient, Empowered, Active Living with Diabetes (REAL Diabetes) study: Methodology and baseline characteristics of a randomized controlled trial evaluating an occupation-based diabetes management intervention for young adults. Contemp Clin Trials. 2017 Mar;54:8-17. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.12.025. Epub 2017 Jan 5.
citation: Vigen CLP, Carandang K, Blanchard J, Sequeira PA, Wood JR, Spruijt-Metz D, Whittemore R, Peters AL, Pyatak EA. Psychosocial and Behavioral Correlates of A1C and Quality of Life Among Young Adults With Diabetes. Diabetes Educ. 2018 Dec;44(6):489-500. doi: 10.1177/0145721718804170. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
citation: Carandang KM, Pyatak EA. Feasibility of a Manualized Occupation-Based Diabetes Management Intervention. Am J Occup Ther. 2018 Mar/Apr;72(2):7202345040p1-7202345040p6. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.021790.
citation: Pyatak EA, Carandang K, Vigen CLP, Blanchard J, Diaz J, Concha-Chavez A, Sequeira PA, Wood JR, Whittemore R, Spruijt-Metz D, Peters AL. Occupational Therapy Intervention Improves Glycemic Control and Quality of Life Among Young Adults With Diabetes: the Resilient, Empowered, Active Living with Diabetes (REAL Diabetes) Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care. 2018 Apr;41(4):696-704. doi: 10.2337/dc17-1634. Epub 2018 Jan 19.
citation: Salvy SJ, Carandang K, Vigen CL, Concha-Chavez A, Sequeira PA, Blanchard J, Diaz J, Raymond J, Pyatak EA. Effectiveness of social media (Facebook), targeted mailing, and in-person solicitation for the recruitment of young adult in a diabetes self-management clinical trial. Clin Trials. 2020 Dec;17(6):664-674. doi: 10.1177/1740774520933362. Epub 2020 Jul 6.