Clinical trial NCT04135313: Induction and Consolidation Chemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced CRM-positive Rectal Cancer
Official title: Induction and Consolidation Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients With Circumferential Resection Margin Involvement: a Multicenter Prospective Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Rectal Neoplasms Malignant
Rectum Carcinoma
Rectal Cancer
Keywords: rectal cancer
induction chemotherapy
consolidation chemotherapy
neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Lead sponsor: Blokhin's Russian Cancer Research Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-10-22
Enrollment: 540
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 75
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the addition of 2 cycles of induction CapOx chemotherapy and 2 cycles of consolidation CapOx chemotherapy to standard chemoradiation improves 3-year disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced CRM"+" mid and low rectal cancer.

Detailed description: This trial aims to investigate the efficacy of adding neoadjuvant induction and consolidation chemotherapy compared to standard chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer patients with circumferential resection margin involvement. This is a prospective multicenter open-label randomized phase III clinical trial. Patients will be randomized using an online randomization system to receive either 2 cycles of induction CapOx (oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 iv day 1, capecitabine 2000 mg/m2 per os bid days 1-14) chemotherapy, followed by chemoradiotherapy (54 Gy in 2 Gy fractions with concomitant capecitabine 825 mg/m2 per os bid on radiation days), then 2 cycles of consolidation CapOx chemotherapy, surgery (10-12 weeks following chemoradiotherapy) and 2 cycles of adjuvant CapOx chemotherapy OR chemoradiotherapy (54 Gy in 2 Gy fractions with concomitant capecitabine 825 mg/m2 per os bid on radiation days), surgery (10-12 weeks following chemoradiotherapy) and 6 cycles of adjuvant CapOx chemotherapy. A stratification will be performed based on N stage, tumor location in the middle or low rectum and clinical center. Patients with middle or low rectal cancer without distant metastases, with involved circumferential resection margin (based on pretreatment MRI) will be included.

The target accrual is 270 patients in each treatment arm (including 10% potential data loss) based on potential benefit of 12% 3-yr disease-free survival (60% vs 72%), α=0,05, power 80% in the experimental arm. An interim analysis is planned after 50% of the patients will reach a 3-year followup. Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is performed in all patients for staging before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and before surgery. Pelvic MRI is subject to central review. Conduction of this study and data collection are controlled by a local institutional board.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Informed consent
* Histologically verified colon rectal adenocarcinoma 0-10 cm above the anal verge
* No distant metastases
* Circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement (based on pelvic MRI)
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status 0-2
* Haemoglobin (HGB) \> 90 g/L
* Platelet Count (PLT) \> 120x10\*9/L
* Serum creatinine \< 150 µmol/L
* Total bilirubin \< 25 µmol/L

Exclusion Criteria:

* inability to obtain informed consent
* distant metastases
* cT2N0M0 rectal cancer
* synchronous or metachronous tumors
* previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy
* clinically significant cardiovascular disorders (myocardial infarction \< 6 months before visit, stroke \< \< 6 months before visit, instable angina \< 3 months before visit, arrhythmia, uncontrolled hypertension \> 160/100 mm hg
* clinically significant neurological disorders
* previous neuropathy 2 or higher
* current infection or heavy systemic disease
* pregnancy, breastfeeding
* ulcerative colitis
* individual intolerance to treatment components
* proven dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency
* participation in other clinical trials
* psychiatric disorders, which render patient unable to follow instructions or understand his/her condition
* technical inability to perform pelvic MRI
* inability of long-term followup of the patient
* HIV

Primary outcomes:
measure: 3-year disease-free survival
timeFrame: 3 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Adjuvant chemotherapy compliance
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Acute chemotherapy toxicity
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: pathologic complete response rate (pCR)
timeFrame: 1 month
measure: local recurrence rate
timeFrame: 3 years
measure: 3-year overall survival
timeFrame: 3 years
measure: Operative morbidity
timeFrame: 30 days
measure: Preoperative tumor-associated complications rate
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Sphincter preservation rate
timeFrame: 1 month
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Moscow
country: Russian Federation
facility: N.N.Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center
Study officials:
affiliation: N.N.Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center
name: Zaman Z Mamedli, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: