Clinical trial NCT01646749: Effects of Beef Protein Consumption on Energy Intake
Official title: Effects of Beef Protein Consumption on Energy Intake - The Protein Leverage Hypothesis
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Obesity
Severe Overweight
Keywords: Energy intake
Beef protein
Satiety
Protein leverage hypothesis
Lead sponsor: Maastricht University Medical Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Cattlemen's Beef Association
First posted: 2012-07-20
Enrollment: 30
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 70
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine ad libitum daily energy intake, body weight changes and appetite profile in response to protein/carbohydrate and fat ratio over 12 consecutive days, and in relation to age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene alleles.

Detailed description: The protein leverage hypothesis requires specific evidence whether energy intake would depend on a possible protein intake target in humans. Meat protein as complete protein may show most beneficial effects on variables regarding food intake regulation.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy
* Age 18-70 years
* BMI 18-35 kg/m2
* Non-smoking
* Weight stable

Exclusion Criteria:

* Smoking
* Use of medication
* More than moderate alcohol consumption
* Vegetarian

Primary outcomes:
measure: Body weight change
timeFrame: 11 days
measure: Appetite profile
timeFrame: 12 consecutive days
measure: Energy intake
timeFrame: 12 consecutive days
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Maastricht
country: Netherlands
facility: Maastricht University
Study officials:
affiliation: Maastricht University
name: Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga, Prof. dr.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Simpson SJ, Raubenheimer D. Obesity: the protein leverage hypothesis. Obes Rev. 2005 May;6(2):133-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2005.00178.x.
citation: Weigle DS, Breen PA, Matthys CC, Callahan HS, Meeuws KE, Burden VR, Purnell JQ. A high-protein diet induces sustained reductions in appetite, ad libitum caloric intake, and body weight despite compensatory changes in diurnal plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jul;82(1):41-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn.82.1.41.
citation: Griffioen-Roose S, Mars M, Siebelink E, Finlayson G, Tome D, de Graaf C. Protein status elicits compensatory changes in food intake and food preferences. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan;95(1):32-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.020503. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
citation: Gosby AK, Conigrave AD, Lau NS, Iglesias MA, Hall RM, Jebb SA, Brand-Miller J, Caterson ID, Raubenheimer D, Simpson SJ. Testing protein leverage in lean humans: a randomised controlled experimental study. PLoS One. 2011;6(10):e25929. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025929. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
citation: Mikkelsen PB, Toubro S, Astrup A. Effect of fat-reduced diets on 24-h energy expenditure: comparisons between animal protein, vegetable protein, and carbohydrate. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Nov;72(5):1135-41. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/72.5.1135.
citation: Martens EA, Tan SY, Mattes RD, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. No protein intake compensation for insufficient indispensable amino acid intake with a low-protein diet for 12 days. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2014 Aug 20;11:38. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-11-38. eCollection 2014.
citation: Martens EA, Tan SY, Dunlop MV, Mattes RD, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Protein leverage effects of beef protein on energy intake in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jun;99(6):1397-406. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.078774. Epub 2014 Apr 23.