Clinical trial NCT06086834: McKenzie Retraction and Bruegger's Exercises Effects on Forward Head Posture
Official title: Comparative Effects of McKenzie Retraction and Bruegger's Exercises on Forward Head Posture Among Young Adults
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Forward Head Posture
Keywords: Bruegger's Exercise
Forward head posture
McKenzie Exercise
Young Adult
Lead sponsor: Riphah International University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-10-17
Enrollment: 36
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 15
Maximum age (years): 30
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The aim of the study is to compare effects of McKenzie Retraction exercises and Bruegger's exercise on neck pain, ROM, craniovertebral angle and functional performance on forward head posture among young adults.

Detailed description: There are many advantages of technology such as improving work productivity and efficacy; however, using technology for an extended period of time can place a substantial amount of load on the neck musculature leading to musculoskeletal disorder. The most related cause of neck pain is muscle weakness leading to forward head posture due to static abnormal posture used while using electronic devices.

The aim of the study is to compare effects of McKenzie Retraction exercises and Bruegger's exercise on neck pain, ROM, craniovertebral angle and functional performance on forward head posture among young adults. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted at Sadiq Hospital, Sargodha. Non-probability convenience sampling will be used, and 36 subjects, age 15-30 years will be randomly allocated into two groups by lottery method after meeting the inclusion criteria. Both groups will receive hot pack for 10-15 minutes, as common treatment. Group A will be treated with McKenzie Retraction Exercises and Group B will be treated with Bruegger's Exercise.5 sessions per week and total20sessions for 4 weeks. The outcome measures will be conducted through NPRS, NDI, photogrammetry and goniometry before and after 4 weeks. Data will be analyzed using SPSS software version 26.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Both Male and Female age between 15-30 years.
* Craniovertebral angle \< 50.
* Electronic gadgets \>6 hours a day.
* Neck pain from the previous 3 months.
* NPRS \>3.
* NDI \> 10.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Neck surgery or trauma.
* Torticollis.
* Subjects with diagnosed cases of discogenic disease.
* Subjects with migraine problem.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
timeFrame: 4th week.
measure: NECK DISABILITY INDEX (NDI)
timeFrame: 4th week
measure: PHOTOGRAMMETRY
timeFrame: 4th week
measure: UNIVERSAL GONIOMETER (ROM Cervical Spine Flexion)
timeFrame: 4th week
measure: UNIVERSAL GONIOMETER (ROM Cervical Spine Extension)
timeFrame: 4th week
measure: UNIVERSAL GONIOMETER (ROM Cervical Spine rotation)
timeFrame: 4th week
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Sargodha
country: Pakistan
facility: Sadiq Hospital
state: Punjab
Study officials:
affiliation: Riphah International University
name: Faiza Amjad, MPhil
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Heydari Z, Sheikhhoseini R, Shahrbanian S, Piri H. Establishing minimal clinically important difference for effectiveness of corrective exercises on craniovertebral and shoulder angles among students with forward head posture: a clinical trial study. BMC Pediatr. 2022 Apr 27;22(1):230. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03300-7.
citation: Sarraf F, Varmazyar S. Comparing the effect of the posture of using smartphones on head and neck angles among college students. Ergonomics. 2022 Dec;65(12):1631-1638. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2047229. Epub 2022 May 4.
citation: Suwaidi ASA, Moustafa IM, Kim M, Oakley PA, Harrison DE. A Comparison of Two Forward Head Posture Corrective Approaches in Elderly with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 9;12(2):542. doi: 10.3390/jcm12020542.
citation: Augustsson SR, Reinodt S, Sunesson E, Haglund E. Short-term effects of postural taping on pain and forward head posture: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Feb 19;23(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s12891-022-05083-5.
citation: Alvarez-Rodriguez J, Leiros-Rodriguez R, Morera-Balaguer J, Marques-Sanchez P, Rodriguez-Nogueira O. The Influence of the Locus of Control Construct on the Efficacy of Physiotherapy Treatments in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review. J Pers Med. 2022 Feb 7;12(2):232. doi: 10.3390/jpm12020232.
citation: Sterling M, de Zoete RMJ, Coppieters I, Farrell SF. Best Evidence Rehabilitation for Chronic Pain Part 4: Neck Pain. J Clin Med. 2019 Aug 15;8(8):1219. doi: 10.3390/jcm8081219.
citation: Takasaki H, Yamasaki C. Immediate neck hypoalgesic effects of craniocervical flexion exercises and cervical retraction exercises among individuals with non-acute neck pain and a directional preference for retraction or extension: preliminary pretest-posttest randomized experimental design. J Man Manip Ther. 2023 Oct;31(5):368-375. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2023.2201918. Epub 2023 Apr 13.
citation: Abdel-Aziem AA, Mohamed RR, Draz AH, Azab AR, Hegazy FA, Diab RH. The effect of McKenzie protocol vs. deep neck flexor and scapulothoracic exercises in subjects with chronic neck pain - a randomized controlled study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 May;26(9):3138-3150. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28731.
citation: Kim DH, Kim CJ, Son SM. Neck Pain in Adults with Forward Head Posture: Effects of Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018 Dec;9(6):309-313. doi: 10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.6.04.
citation: Al-Hadidi F, Bsisu I, AlRyalat SA, Al-Zu'bi B, Bsisu R, Hamdan M, Kanaan T, Yasin M, Samarah O. Association between mobile phone use and neck pain in university students: A cross-sectional study using numeric rating scale for evaluation of neck pain. PLoS One. 2019 May 20;14(5):e0217231. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217231. eCollection 2019.
citation: Perez-de la Cruz S, de Leon OA, Mallada NP, Rodriguez AV. Validity and intra-examiner reliability of the Hawk goniometer versus the universal goniometer for the measurement of range of motion of the glenohumeral joint. Med Eng Phys. 2021 Mar;89:7-11. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2021.01.005. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
citation: Bergh A, Lauridsen NG, Hesbach AL. Concurrent Validity of Equine Joint Range of Motion Measurement: A Novel Digital Goniometer versus Universal Goniometer. Animals (Basel). 2020 Dec 19;10(12):2436. doi: 10.3390/ani10122436.
citation: Langenfeld A, Gassner AP, Wirth B, Muhlemann MB, Nyiro L, Bastiaenen C, Swanenburg J. Responsiveness of the German version of the Neck Disability Index in chronic neck pain patients: a prospective cohort study with a seven-week follow-up. Arch Physiother. 2022 Oct 17;12(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s40945-022-00149-y.
citation: Farooq MN, Mohseni-Bandpei MA, Gilani SA, Hafeez A. Urdu version of the neck disability index: a reliability and validity study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017 Apr 8;18(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1469-5.