Clinical trial NCT01013077: The Effect of a New Emulsion in Dry Eye Patients on Tear Layer Aberrometry, Contrast Sensitivity, and Reading Ability
Official title: The Effect of a New Emulsion in Dry Eye Patients on Tear Layer Aberrometry, Contrast Sensitivity, and Reading Ability.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Dry Eye Syndrome
Keywords: functional vision
contrast sensitivity
aberrometry
reading ability
Lead sponsor: Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B. Ketchum University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Allergan
First posted: 2009-11-13
Enrollment: 20
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate how the addition of a new emulsion artificial tear to the tear layer of dry eye and normal patients affects aberrometry, contrast sensitivity, and reading ability over time. Previous studies have indicated that daily use of artificial tears over a two week period decreases the short term affect of drop application on aberrometry and contrast sensitivity measurements. The present study will examine the effects of 4 weeks of artificial tear use to determine when the responses stabilize.

Detailed description: Dry eye patients experience symptoms such as; irritation, dryness, a scratchy sensation, and blur. These symptoms are the result of an insufficient tear layer. Blur can occur in dry eye patients because of an irregular tear film surface.

Artificial tears are applied to the eye to treat a variety of eye conditions. These conditions typically are associated with dry eyes and include tear film deficiency due to ocular or systemic disease, lid resurfacing problems, and contact lens wear. The artificial tears are used to alleviate the dry eye symptoms.

Dry eye is a frequently encountered ocular condition. Recent studies estimate that 7.8% of women and 4.8% of men over the age of 50 suffer from dry eye. The administration of an artificial tear to the eye can disrupt the tear layer and this disruption could then result in a change in contrast sensitivity for a few moments. Aberrometry is a technique that is able to monitor tear layer disruption and its results may correlate with contrast sensitivity changes.

Tear layer disruption results in a decrease in the modulation transfer function (MTF) for the eye. Since the tear layer is the first refracting surface of the eye, its disruption can also result in a change in contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and aberrometry. Previous work has demonstrated that higher order aberrations increase 1.44 fold after the tear film breaks up in normal subjects. Dry eye subjects demonstrate a significant increase in higher order aberrations (i.e., total S3+4+5, spherical-like S4, and coma-like S3+5) when compared to normal subjects. This has been interpreted to be the result of increased tear irregularities in the dry eye subjects.

When an artificial tear (i.e., Vismed) was applied to the tear layer of dry eye subjects, the optical aberrations decreased. This previous study only examined the short term affect (less than 10 minutes) of a single administration of an artificial tear. In this study, we propose to examine the short and long term effects of a new emulsion on contrast sensitivity, optical aberrations, and reading ability after administration into the tear layer of normal and dry eye subjects.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* mild, moderate, or severe symptoms of dry eye

Exclusion Criteria:

* uncontrolled systemic disease
* contact lens wear
* participation in another clinical trial
* best corrected visual acuity poorer than 20/25

Primary outcomes:
measure: Contrast Sensitivity
timeFrame: Baseline, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Fullerton
country: United States
facility: Southern California College of Optometry
state: California
Study officials:
affiliation: Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B. Ketchum University
name: William H. Ridder, OD, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Thai LC, Tomlinson A, Ridder WH. Contact lens drying and visual performance: the vision cycle with contact lenses. Optom Vis Sci. 2002 Jun;79(6):381-8. doi: 10.1097/00006324-200206000-00012.
citation: Ridder WH 3rd, Lamotte JO, Ngo L, Fermin J. Short-term effects of artificial tears on visual performance in normal subjects. Optom Vis Sci. 2005 May;82(5):370-377. doi: 10.1097/01.OPX.0000162646.30666.E3.
citation: Ridder WH 3rd, LaMotte J, Hall JQ Jr, Sinn R, Nguyen AL, Abufarie L. Contrast sensitivity and tear layer aberrometry in dry eye patients. Optom Vis Sci. 2009 Sep;86(9):E1059-68. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181b599bf.