Clinical trial NCT04734899: Foot Core Training in Individuals With Pes Planus
Official title: The Effects of Foot-Core Training on Muscle Activations, Walking, Balance and Lower Extremity Performance in Individuals With Pes Planus
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Pes Planus
Keywords: Pes planus
Electromyography
Gait
Balance
Lead sponsor: Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2021-02-02
Enrollment: 26
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 25
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: A randomized controlled trial: Two parallel treatment groups; The control group will only receive exercise therapy, while the other group will receive foot core training in addition to exercise therapy
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Foot core training is very important for the intrinsic muscles of the foot, but it is often neglected in exercise programs given to individuals with pes planus. The aim of our study is to reveal the effects of foot core training, which will be added to the exercise program routinely given to individuals with asymptomatic flexible pes planus, on walking, muscular activations, balance and lower extremity functional performance with objective, evidence based results.

Detailed description: This study is a randomized controlled study and will be carried out on volunteer individuals with asymptomatic flexible pes planus aged between 18-25, studying at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University. Persons meeting the inclusion criteria will be determined by the specialist physiotherapist. Surface electromyography (sEMG) measurements will be made by a doctorate physiotherapist. Other evaluations will be made by a specialist physiotherapist. Individuals who meet the inclusion criteria, who volunteered to participate in the study and signed the consent sheet will be randomly divided into two groups, the control group and the foot core group. Individuals with initial evaluations will be followed up in an exercise program planned for 8 weeks. The control group will be given exercises to strengthen the weakened muscles, stretch the shortened structures and increase proprioception. Foot core training will be given to the study group in addition to the exercises given to the control group. Before and after exercise, the subjects will be assessed with navicular height measurement, muscle activation evaluation, evaluation of walking parameters, functional lower extremity performance evaluation and balance evaluation.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals who volunteer to participate in the study
* Individuals between the ages of 18-25
* Individuals with a body mass index between 18.5-30.
* Individuals with a difference of 10 mm or more between weighted and unweighted measurements by applying the navicular drop test
* Individuals who are considered to have flexible pes planus with a positive Jack's finger lift test

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals with symptoms such as any pain in the foot and ankle, fatigue.
* Individuals with any neurological or orthopedic disease affecting the lower extremity.
* Individuals with a history of foot-ankle trauma-surgery
* Individuals with lower extremity inequality of more than 1 centimeter (cm)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Evaluation of muscle activation
timeFrame: Change from baseline muscle activation at 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Y balance test (YBT):
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Vertical jump, flight time
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Vertical jump, jump height
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Vertical jump, power
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: vertical jump, position difference
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Cadence
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Gait speed
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Step width
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Ratio of step length to step height
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Standing phase duration
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Swing phase duration
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Double support period duration
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Single support period time
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
measure: Acceleration
timeFrame: Just before the training and at the end of 8-week training
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Ankara
country: Turkey
facility: Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University
Study officials:
affiliation: Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University
name: Ertuğrul Demirdel, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Jung DY, Koh EK, Kwon OY. Effect of foot orthoses and short-foot exercise on the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with pes planus: a randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2011;24(4):225-31. doi: 10.3233/BMR-2011-0299.
citation: McKeon PO, Hertel J, Bramble D, Davis I. The foot core system: a new paradigm for understanding intrinsic foot muscle function. Br J Sports Med. 2015 Mar;49(5):290. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092690. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
citation: Mulligan EP, Cook PG. Effect of plantar intrinsic muscle training on medial longitudinal arch morphology and dynamic function. Man Ther. 2013 Oct;18(5):425-30. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2013.02.007. Epub 2013 Apr 28.
citation: Kim EK, Kim JS. The effects of short foot exercises and arch support insoles on improvement in the medial longitudinal arch and dynamic balance of flexible flatfoot patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Nov;28(11):3136-3139. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.3136. Epub 2016 Nov 29.
citation: Glatthorn JF, Gouge S, Nussbaumer S, Stauffacher S, Impellizzeri FM, Maffiuletti NA. Validity and reliability of Optojump photoelectric cells for estimating vertical jump height. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Feb;25(2):556-60. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ccb18d.