Clinical trial NCT01581359: The Effect of Pre-treatment With GnRH Analogues Prior in Vitro Fertilization in Patients With Endometriosis
Official title: A Comparative Study, Randomized, Blinded, About the Effect of Pre-treatment With GnRH Analogues Versus Placebo in Infertile Patients With Endometriosis Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization Treatment
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE4
Conditions: Endometriosis
Infertility
Keywords: Endometriosis
GnRH treatment
Infertility
IVF
Lead sponsor: Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria La Fe
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2012-04-20
Enrollment: 200
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 40
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the administration of an analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) during the three months prior to the performing of an IVF may improve the response to ovarian stimulation, implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate in patients with endometriosis/ endometriomas.

Detailed description: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue which induces a local inflammatory reaction. Usually, this tissue is located at any level in the pelvic region, but extrapelvic locations have been described. It is a chronic disease whose cause is unknown, although a genetic predisposition has been proven. It is estimated that endometriosis affects 7-15% of women of fertile age, and up to 30-40% of women with endometriosis have infertility.

Assisted reproduction techniques (ART) are the treatment of many causes of infertility, including endometriosis. The results of assisted reproduction in women with endometriosis appear to be somewhat worse than those obtained from women without endometriosis. Some authors have proven a significant reduction in implantation and pregnancy rates in these patients.

The worst pregnancy rate and implantation is believed to be originated in a poor oocyte quality, which can lead to a lower rate of fertilization. This poor oocyte quality produce poorer quality embryos with a reduced capacity to implant, particularly in severe endometriosis.

On the other hand, endometrial receptivity does not appear to contribute to the reduction of results of ART in these women.

In an attempt to improve ART outcomes in women with endometriosis, different strategies have been proposed prior to the cycle realization, with different results.

Surgical resection of endometriomas (endometriosis cysts) before the cycle of IVF/ICSI may adversely affect the results. On the other hand, careful laparoscopic cystectomy appears not to affect the ovarian response to stimulation.

In addition to surgical approaches, have been tried different medical treatments to improve the results of IVF / intracytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) in women with endometriosis. It has been suggested that treatment with Danazol prior to IVF may improve results. Similarly, prolonged treatment with GnRH analogues few months before IVF could improve the implantation and pregnancy rates. Unfortunately, many of these studies were not randomized and / or controlled so that the true value of therapy with GnRH analogues before IVF in women with endometriosis still needs to be valued. A recent meta-analysis showed that a 3-6 month treatment with GnRH analogues before IVF increased 4 times the odds of clinical pregnancy in women with endometriosis. Nevertheless, these results were concluded from 165 patients and 78 pregnancies, included in 3 clinical trials, which was not specifically to patients with endometriomas.

The lack of studies with proper design, suggests that there is insufficient evidence at present to establish firm recommendations in this regard. This study will contribute to increasing scientific evidence to recommend or not pretreatment with GnRH agonists before IVF en patients with endometriosis.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Infertile women with endometriosis diagnosed by surgery in the previous year to their inclusion in the study with signs of residual disease and/or by the existence of ovarian endometrioma in vaginal ecography who are susceptible to IVF treatment.
* BMI \< 28 Kg/m2
* Age \< 40 years old
* Signed informed consent to perform IVF and participation in this study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 2nd-5th cycle day \> 12 IU/L
* Liver disease (sALAT\> 80 IU/L)
* Kidney disease (creatinine \> 130 nmol/L)
* Other relevant disease that contraindicates a pregnancy

Primary outcomes:
measure: Clinical pregnancy rate by started cycle
timeFrame: 2 weeks after biochemical diagnosis of pregnancy
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of oocytes retrieved, total and metaphase II
timeFrame: In the moment of oocyte retrieval
measure: Embryo quality
timeFrame: Two-three days after oocyte recovery and IVF
measure: Number and size of endometrioma(s)
timeFrame: Day of the Basal ultrasound
measure: Rate of pregnancy to term in patients with endometriosis / endometriomas
timeFrame: 37 weeks after cycle
measure: Miscarriage rate
timeFrame: 22nd week of pregnancy
measure: Rate of healthy and live births
timeFrame: 37th to 41st weeks of pregnancy
measure: Fertilization rate
timeFrame: Two days after oocyte recovery and IVF
measure: Total dose of gonadotropins and days of treatment
timeFrame: Day of the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
measure: Cancellation rate and causes
timeFrame: Last day of gonadotropin treatment
measure: Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) incidence
timeFrame: One month after hCG
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Valencia
country: Spain
facility: Human Reproduction Unit of the La Fe University and Politechnic Hospital
Study officials:
affiliation: La Fe University Hospital
name: ANA Mª MONZÓ, MD, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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