Clinical trial NCT03355547: Observation of Atelectasis Using Lung Ultrasonography in Children Undergoing General Anesthesia: the Cohort Study for Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Incidence and Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and the Magnitude of Anesthesia-induced Atelectasis
Official title: Observation of Atelectasis Using Lung Ultrasonography in Children Undergoing General Anesthesia: the Cohort Study for Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Incidence and Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and the Magnitude of Anesthesia-induced Atelectasis
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Surgery
Lead sponsor: Yonsei University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-11-28
Enrollment: 261
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 6
Maximum age (years): 6
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Pediatric patients between 6months and 6years old scheduled for elective general or urologic surgery at a single thetiary medical center.

Brief summary: Pediatric patients between 6months and 6years old will be included. They are scheduled for elective general or urologic surgery at a single tertiary medical center. Before the operation, the researcher interviews the parents of the pediatric patients to check whether they have the upper respiratory tract infection and asks them to fill out a questionnaire about the severity of their symptoms. The researcher will get the symptom score of the upper respiratory tract infection in the questionnaire. The degree of anesthesia induced atelectasis is measured using lung ultrasound. Pulmonary ultrasound is performed after endotracheal intubation and at the end of the operation dividing the patient's thorax into 12 regions. The investigator grades the degree of atelectasis at each region form 0 to 3 points. After the end of the operation, check whether the respiratory adverse effects occurred during emergence and recovery at the post anesthesia care unit.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: Pediatric patients older than 6 months and younger than 6 years
* scheduled for elective pediatric general or urology surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

* undergoing laparoscopic surgery
* pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infection( pneumonia , bronchiolitis )
* patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia history
* hemodynamic instability

Primary outcomes:
measure: The degree of atelectasis due to general anesthesia using lung ultrasound
timeFrame: The investigator will measure the degree of atelectasis using lung ultrasound at 2 minutes after endotracheal intubation and at 5minutes the end of the operation.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Occurrence of respiratory adverse effects after the operation
timeFrame: 10 minutes after extubation at the post anesthesia care unit
measure: Occurrence of respiratory adverse effects after the operation
timeFrame: 30 minutes after extubation at the post anesthesia care unit
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Seoul
country: Korea, Republic of
facility: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute Yonsei University College of Medicine
Study officials:
References:
citation: Lee HM, Byon HJ, Kim N, Gleich SJ, Flick RP, Lee JR. Effect of upper respiratory infection on anaesthesia induced atelectasis in paediatric patients. Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 16;11(1):5981. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85378-0.