Clinical trial NCT06260254: Effects of Railway Vibration on Sleep and Disease
Official title: Effects of Railway Vibration on Sleep and Disease
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Noise Exposure
Sleep Disturbance
Sleep Hygiene
Metabolic Disturbance
Cognitive Change
Glucose Metabolism Disorders (Including Diabetes Mellitus)
Vibration; Exposure
Keywords: neurobehavioral performance
Traffic noise
auditory fatigue
polysomnography
metabolomics
vibration
Lead sponsor: Göteborg University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: University of Pennsylvania
name: University of Manitoba
First posted: 2024-02-15
Enrollment: 23
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 30
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Intervention model description: All participants will be exposed to each of the different vibration conditions. Each study night is treated as a separate arm of the crossover study. The order of the vibration exposure conditions will be be randomly assigned across participants using a Latin square design to avoid first-order carryover effects. Each subject will be exposed to one night of each of the following:

Quiet night: No noise or vibration will be played, serving as a control night to assess individual baseline sleep, metabolic profile, and cognitive performance; Three railway vibration nights to determine consequences of noise-disrupted sleep. The vibration level in these three nights will be 0.5 mm/s, 0.7 mm/s and 0.9 mm/s respectively, so that exposure-response relationships can be derived.
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: This study will investigate the biological mechanisms linking sleep disruption by vibration and noise, and the development of cardiometabolic disease. In a laboratory sleep study, the investigators will play railway vibration of different levels during the night. The investigators will also measure objective sleep quality and quantity, cognitive performance across multiple domains, self-reported sleep and wellbeing outcomes, and blood samples. Blood samples will be analyzed to identify metabolic changes and indicators of diabetes risk in different nights. Identifying biomarkers that are impacted by sleep fragmentation will establish the currently unclear pathways by which railway vibration exposure at night can lead to the development of diseases in the long term, especially metabolic disorders including diabetes.

Detailed description: The experimental sleep study has the overarching goal of deepening understanding of sleep disruption by railway vibration and noise and changes in cardiometabolic and cognitive function. To this end, the study will address the following study aim:

Aim 1: Determine the biological and neurobehavioral consequences of sleep disruption by railway vibration. The investigators will measure the sleep of healthy volunteers, and each morning will obtain blood samples for metabolomics metabolic function analysis and administer a neurocognitive test battery. The investigators will compare effects on sleep, metabolomics, metabolic function and cognitive function between quiet nights and nights with railway traffic vibration and noise. Dose-response relationships will be determined by comparing nights with different levels of vibration.

This study will take place in the sound environment laboratory (SEL) at the University of Gothenburg Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. The SEL is a high fidelity research laboratory equipped to simulate a typical apartment, including three individually light-, sound- and vibration-isolated private bedrooms. Ceiling mounted speakers in each room and electrodynamic transducers mounted to the underside of each bed allow the investigators to create a realistic acoustic environment by transmitting sound and vibration exposures from the control room to each bedroom individually. The investigators have shown previously that results from this lab with high ecological validity are comparable with results from the field.

This study has a prospective within-subjects cross-over design. Participants (total N=24) will each spend five consecutive nights in the SEL, with a sleep opportunity between 23:00-07:00. Daytime sleep will be prohibited, confirmed with measures of daytime activity via wrist actigraphy monitors worn continuously throughout the study. Three subjects will take part concurrently, in separate bedrooms. The first night is a habituation period to the study protocol and for familiarization with the test procedures. The second night will be a quiet condition without noise or vibration, to determine normal baseline sleep, cardiometabolic profile, and cognitive performance. Study nights 3-5 are the vibration nights and will be randomly assigned across participants using a Latin square design to avoid first-order carryover effects. In these vibration nights, vibration and noise from railway freight will be played into the bedrooms to determine the effects of vibration and noise on sleep, cardiometabolic function and cognitive performance. Thirty six trains will occur each night, randomly distributed across the 8-hour sleep period.

For railway vibration the investigators will use synthesized signals based on measured data, used in previous laboratory studies. It is necessary to use synthesized vibration, rather than recorded signals, so that the investigators can accurately adjust the acoustical character of the exposure as needed. Railway vibration will be accompanied by high fidelity recordings of railway freight noise. This is to maximize ecological validity of the exposures since vibration rarely occurs without noise, and to mask any mechanical sounds from the vibration transducers.

Vibration and noise exposures will reflect realistic railway freight traffic noise levels that occur in dwellings alongside railway lines in Sweden. The maximum Wm-weighted vibration amplitudes in the three vibration nights will be 0.5 mm/s, 0.7 mm/s and 0.9 mm/s respectively. Maximum sound pressure levels of individual train passages will not exceed 49.8 dB LAF,max. Trains will vary from 11.5 s to 56.9 s in duration. All vibration amplitudes will be calibrated on the mattress of the bed, under a 75 kg reference weight to simulate the bed being occupied. All sound pressure levels will be calibrated to 10 cm above the pillow in each bedroom prior to the study, so that these levels accurately reflect the noise exposure of the subjects during sleep.

Each night the investigators will record physiologic sleep with polysomnography (PSG) and cardiac activity with electrocardiography (ECG). Each study morning, subjects will provide a 2ml blood sample and answer questionnaires and will depart the SEL to follow their normal daytime routine. They will return to the SEL at 20:00 each evening to prepare for sleep measurements. Caffeine will be prohibited after 15:00 and alcohol will be prohibited at all times. Because extreme and/or variable dietary behavior can affect the metabolome/lipoprotein profile, participants will be given guidance that they should eat a similar evening meal on each day of the laboratory study, confirmed with a food diary. The actual meal itself can be different for different study participants, because the study has a within-subjects design.

Sleep will be recorded with ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) and cardiac activity with electrocardiography (ECG) and finger pulse photoplethysmogram. Data are recorded offline onto the sleep recorder, and will be downloaded and checked every study morning to ensure data quality. In addition to traditional sleep analysis, raw PSG data will be used to calculate the Odds Ratio Project, a novel metric of sleep depth and stability.

Each study morning subjects will provide a 2 ml blood sample for plasma metabolomics analysis. To ensure reliable data, blood samples will be taken at the same time every day to mitigate circadian effects, before eating or drinking anything except water, and each sample will be handled in the same way i.e. centrifuged, aliquoted and stored in -80C freezers. Subjects will eat the same food each study evening to mitigate within-subject dietary effects on the blood metabolome. Furthermore, a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) will be performed in the mornings after the quiet control night (i.e. after study night 2) and after the third vibration exposure night (i.e. after study night 5). The investigators will measure response to a 75g glucose bolus at timepoints 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the glucose administration.

Each evening, subjects will complete a computerized cognitive test battery taking approximately 20 minutes, that includes 10 tests across a range of cognitive domains (motor praxis, visual object learning, fractal 2-back, abstract matching, line orientation, emotion recognition, matrix reasoning, digit symbol substitution, balloon analog risk, psychomotor vigilance). Cognition data will be analyzed to determine key measures of cognitive speed and accuracy, adjusting for practice effects and the difficulty of the stimulus set.

Subjects will complete a battery of one-time validated questionnaires to measure their general health (SF-36), chronotype, noise sensitivity, habitual sleep quality, environmental sensitivity, and annoyance and sleep disturbance by noise. Subjects will also answer a questionnaire each study evening and morning, involving questions on sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale), auditory fatigue, sleep disturbance by noise, and validated sleep and disturbance questions.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1) live in or around the city of Gothenburg area (Sweden)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. aged \<18 or \>30 years;
2. habitual sleep and wake timings more than ±1 hour different from the study sleep times (i.e. habitual sleep time should be 22:00-00:00 and habitual wake time should be 06:00-08:00);
3. BMI\>25 kg/m2;
4. regular sleep medication use (prescribed or "over-the-counter");
5. poor hearing acuity (measured during screening via pure tone audiometry);
6. diagnosed with sleep disorders;
7. diagnosed with diabetes
8. indications of sleep apnea on the STOP-BANG questionnaire;
9. shift work;
10. smoking, vaping, snus, or other nicotine use;
11. pregnant or breastfeeding

Primary outcomes:
measure: Fasting insulin resistance in the morning immediately after the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Fasting insulin resistance in the morning immediately after the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Fasting insulin resistance in the morning immediately after the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Fasting insulin resistance in the morning immediately after the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total sleep time during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total sleep time during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total sleep time during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total sleep time during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N1 sleep during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N2 sleep during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N3 sleep during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N1 sleep during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N2 sleep during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N3 sleep during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N1 sleep during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N2 sleep during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N3 sleep during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N1 sleep during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N2 sleep during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of N3 sleep during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Total amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) during the intermediate night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Number of awakenings during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Number of awakenings during exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Number of awakenings during exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Number of awakenings during exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep onset latency (SOL) during the Control Night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep onset latency (SOL) during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep onset latency (SOL) during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep onset latency (SOL) during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep efficiency during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep efficiency during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep efficiency during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: S Sleep efficiency during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep depth assessed using the odds ratio product (ORP) during the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep depth assessed using the odds ratio product (ORP) during the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep depth assessed using the odds ratio product (ORP) during the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sleep depth assessed using the odds ratio product (ORP) during the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Maximal change of odds ratio product (ORP) during exposure to railway vibration events
timeFrame: One night
measure: Area under the curve of odds ratio product (ORP) during exposure to railway vibration events, calculated using the trapezoid rule
timeFrame: One night
measure: N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA) concentration after the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA) concentration after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA) concentration after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA) concentration after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sialic acid (GlycB) concentration after the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sialic acid (GlycB) concentration after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sialic acid (GlycB) concentration after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sialic acid (GlycB) concentration after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Supramolecular phospholipid composite (SPC) concentration after the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Supramolecular phospholipid composite (SPC) concentration after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Supramolecular phospholipid composite (SPC) concentration after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Supramolecular phospholipid composite (SPC) concentration after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ethanol concentration (mmol/L) after the Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ethanol concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ethanol concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ethanol concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Trimethylamine-N-oxide concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Trimethylamine-N-oxide concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Trimethylamine-N-oxide concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Trimethylamine-N-oxide concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Aminobutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One
measure: 2-Aminobutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One
measure: 2-Aminobutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One
measure: 2-Aminobutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One
measure: Alanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Alanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Alanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Alanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Asparagine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Asparagine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Asparagine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Asparagine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatinine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatinine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatinine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Creatinine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glutamine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Histidine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Histidine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Histidine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Histidine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Isoleucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Isoleucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Isoleucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Isoleucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Leucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Leucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Leucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Leucine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lysine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lysine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lysine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lysine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Methionine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Methionine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Methionine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Methionine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: N,N-Dimethylglycine concentration (mmol/L) after Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: N,N-Dimethylglycine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: N,N-Dimethylglycine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: N,N-Dimethylglycine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ornithine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ornithine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ornithine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Ornithine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Phenylalanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Phenylalanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Phenylalanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Phenylalanine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Proline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Proline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Proline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Proline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sarcosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sarcosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sarcosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Sarcosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Threonine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Threonine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Threonine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Threonine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Tyrosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure toControl night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Tyrosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Tyrosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Tyrosine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Valine concentration (mmol/L) after Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Valine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Valine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Valine concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Citric acid concentration (mmol/L) after Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Citric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Citric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Citric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Formic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Formic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Formic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Formic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lactic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lactic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lactic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Lactic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Succinic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Succinic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Succinic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Succinic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Choline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Choline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Choline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Choline concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Oxoglutaric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Oxoglutaric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Oxoglutaric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 2-Oxoglutaric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetoacetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetoacetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetoacetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetoacetic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Acetone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Pyruvic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Pyruvic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Pyruvic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Pyruvic acid concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: D-Galactose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: D-Galactose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: D-Galactose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: D-Galactose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycerol concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycerol concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycerol concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glycerol concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Dimethylsulfone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to Control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Dimethylsulfone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Dimethylsulfone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Dimethylsulfone concentration (mmol/L) after exposure to high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Response to an oral glucose bolus, calculated as area under curve for glucose, in the morning after the control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Response to an oral glucose bolus, calculated as area under curve for glucose, in the morning after the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Response to an oral glucose bolus, calculated as area under curve for glucose, in the morning after the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Response to an oral glucose bolus, calculated as area under curve for glucose, in the morning after the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Response to an oral glucose load calculated as area under curve for insulin, in the morning after the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Response to an oral glucose load calculated as area under curve for insulin, in the morning after the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Response to an oral glucose load calculated as area under curve for insulin, in the morning after the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Early response to an oral glucose load calculated as area under curve for insulin, in the morning after the control night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Early response to an oral glucose load calculated as area under curve for insulin, in the morning after the low vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Early response to an oral glucose load calculated as area under curve for insulin, in the morning after the intermediate vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Early response to an oral glucose load calculated as area under curve for insulin, in the morning after the high vibration night
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose tolerance in the morning after exposure to low vibration, assessed as glucose concentration 120 minutes after a glucose bolus
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose tolerance in the morning after exposure to intermediate vibration, assessed as glucose concentration 120 minutes after a glucose bolus
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose tolerance in the morning after exposure to high vibration, assessed as glucose concentration 120 minutes after a glucose bolus
timeFrame: One night
measure: Glucose tolerance in the morning after Control night, assessed as glucose concentration 120 minutes after a glucose bolus
timeFrame: One night
measure: Stumvoll Insulin sensitivity Index in the morning after control
timeFrame: One night
measure: Stumvoll Insulin sensitivity Index in the morning after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Stumvoll Insulin sensitivity Index in the morning after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Stumvoll Insulin sensitivity Index in the morning after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Matsuda insulin sensitivity index in the morning after control exposure
timeFrame: One night
measure: Matsuda insulin sensitivity index in the morning after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Matsuda insulin sensitivity index in the morning after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Matsuda insulin sensitivity index in the morning after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Evening subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to control
timeFrame: One night
measure: Evening subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Evening subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Evening subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Morning subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to control
timeFrame: One night
measure: Morning subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Morning subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Morning subjective sleepiness, assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Self-reported sleep disturbance by vibration after control exposure
timeFrame: One night
measure: Self-reported sleep disturbance by vibration after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Self-reported sleep disturbance by vibration after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Self-reported sleep disturbance by vibration after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Morning positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after control exposure
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Morning positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Morning positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Morning positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Morning negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after control exposure
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Morning negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Morning negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Morning negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to control
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening negative affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to control
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to low vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Evening positive affect, assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) after exposure to high vibration
timeFrame: One night.
measure: Event-related cardiovascular activation in response to control
timeFrame: One night
measure: Event-related cardiovascular activation in response to low vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Event-related cardiovascular activation in response to intermediate vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Event-related cardiovascular activation in response to high vibration
timeFrame: One night
measure: Evening neurobehavioural speed
timeFrame: One night
measure: Evening neurobehavioural accuracy
timeFrame: One night
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Gothenburg
country: Sweden
facility: University of Gothenburg
state: Västra Götaland
Study officials:
affiliation: Göteborg University
name: Michael G Smith, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: