Clinical trial NCT00664313: TBTC Study 30: Safety and Tolerability of Low Dose Linezolid in MDR TB
Official title: TBTC Study 30: A Phase I/II Pilot Study for Evaluation of Low Dose, Once Daily, Linezolid Plus Optimized Background Therapy (OBT) Versus Placebo Plus OBT for the Treatment of Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis
Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
Keywords: Linezolid
Zyvox
Peripheral Neuropathy
Optic Neuropathy
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Lead sponsor: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Sponsor class: FED
Collaborators: name: University of KwaZulu
name: Columbia University
name: Yale University
First posted: 2008-04-22
Enrollment: 36
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The antibiotic linezolid when given for the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis is safe and tolerated at a low dose (600 mg daily) for a limited duration (16 weeks)


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria

1. Pulmonary tuberculosis with or without extrapulmonary TB with a M. tuberculosis isolate that is confirmed to be resistant to at least rifampin and isoniazid (without regard to prior treatment for TB).
2. A documented positive sputum culture result for M. tuberculosis from a sputum obtained in the four months prior to enrollment.
3. Willingness to have HIV testing performed, if HIV serostatus is not known or if the last documented negative HIV test was more than 6 months prior to enrollment.
4. Residence within the Durban Functional Region (Durban Metropolitan Area) or Tugela Ferry, Msinga District, KZN, RSA.
5. Age ≥ 18 years.
6. Karnofsky score of \> 50 (see section 18.1)
7. Willingness by the patient to attend scheduled follow-up visits and undergo study assessments.
8. Women with child-bearing potential must agree to practice an adequate method of birth control or to abstain from heterosexual intercourse during study therapy. (Standard birth control measures are provided free of charge by public health institutions)
9. Laboratory parameters done within 14 days prior to screening:

   1. Serum creatinine level \< 2 times upper limit of normal
   2. Hemoglobin level ≥ 9.0 g/dL
   3. Platelet count of ≥ 80,000/mm3
   4. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \> 1000/ mm3
   5. Negative pregnancy test (for women of childbearing potential)
10. Able to provide informed consent or legally authorized representative able to do so if decisionally impaired.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Currently breast-feeding or pregnant.
2. Known allergy or intolerance to linezolid.
3. Planned therapy during the intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment using drugs having unacceptable interactions with linezolid, including dopamine, selective serotonin uptake inhibitors (citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline), amitriptyline, bupropion, mirtazepine, levodopa, carbidopa, sinemet, or herbal medications.
4. Significant peripheral neuropathy as evidenced by \< 5 seconds of vibratory sense to a 128 Hz tuning fork on either big toe
5. Pain, aching or burning of the feet that interfere with walking or sleep.
6. In the judgment of the physician the patient is not expected to survive for more than 4 weeks.
7. Anticipated surgical intervention for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis
8. Visual acuity of 20/200 (6/60 meters) best corrected vision or less.
9. Poor color vision as evidenced by incorrect answers on \> four of 12 screening Ishihara plates
10. Participation in another drug trial.
11. The patient has received second line TB drugs for \> 7 days immediately prior to enrollment (note: use of first line drugs such as INH, Rifampin, PZA, or ethambutol for \> 7 days immediately prior to enrollment is allowed)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Cumulative rate of serious adverse events - SAEs (measured as the number of SAEs per person days) during the period of study therapy and the four weeks of post-study therapy follow-up.
timeFrame: the period of study therapy (generally 16 weeks) plus the four weeks of post-study therapy follow-up.
measure: Proportion of patients in each arm who complete 80% of the proposed regimen (90 doses) within 18 weeks of treatment initiation.
timeFrame: within 18 weeks of treatment initiation
Secondary outcomes:
measure: The number of days required to convert to culture negative status in sputum of those in each treatment arm on solid and liquid media, respectively.
timeFrame: first 16 weeks of study therapy
measure: The proportion of culture-negative patients during the first 16 weeks of therapy (at two week intervals) of linezolid with OBT vs. that of OBT with placebo on solid and liquid media, respectively
timeFrame: first 16 weeks of study therapy
measure: Time to detection of M. tuberculosis on MGIT for each positive culture for sputum specimens collected every 2 weeks during the first 16 weeks of therapy
timeFrame: First 16 weeks of study therapy
measure: The occurrence of treatment failure in the first 12 month following initiation of study therapy
timeFrame: first 12 months
measure: Changes from baseline in assessments for peripheral neuropathy
timeFrame: First 12 months
measure: Changes from baselines in Snellen or Jaeger visual acuity test and Ishihara color plate test results to assess for optic neuropathy
timeFrame: 12 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Durban
country: South Africa
facility: King George V Hospital
Study officials:
affiliation: Boston University
name: Jussi Saukkonen, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Columbia University
name: Waffa El-Sadr, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: University of Kwa-Zulu Natal
name: Nesri Padayachin, MBChB
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Padayatchi N, Mac Kenzie WR, Hirsch-Moverman Y, Feng PJ, Villarino E, Saukkonen J, Heilig CM, Weiner M, El-Sadr WM. Lessons from a randomised clinical trial for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012 Dec;16(12):1582-7. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0315.