Clinical trial NCT01995474: Simple Technique to Improve Diagnostic Yield in EUS-FNA
Official title: Eliminating the Residual Negative Pressure in the EUS-FNA Needle Before Withdrawal Enhances the FNA Cytology Yield
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Lesion Sampled for Cytology
Keywords: EUS
pancreatic cancer
cytology
fine needle aspiration
Lead sponsor: Medical College of Wisconsin
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2013-11-26
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: DIAGNOSTIC

Brief summary: Endoscopic ultrasound and fine needle aspiration are useful tools for the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. One potential limitation is contamination when needle traverses the gastrointestinal tract under continuous negative pressure. Gastrointestinal tract contamination can lead to misinterpretation of FNA specimens. We propose a technique to eliminate any remaining negative pressure during EUS-FNA and therefore decrease gastrointestinal tract contamination. Our hypothesis is that briefly untwisting the syringe from the biopsy channel after a specimen is obtained eliminates any remaining negative pressure in the FNA needle and therefore reduces GI tract contamination of EUS-FNA specimens, and will lead to improved diagnostic accuracy of this important clinical technique.

Detailed description: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has evolved into a minimally invasive diagnostic and staging method. The addition of fine needle aspiration (FNA) increases the accuracy of EUS in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic malignancies. An ultrasound probe attached to the end of the endoscope allows real-time direct visualization by means of ultrasound transmission. During the FNA process a needle is advanced through the biopsy channel of the endoscope and into the target lesion. In order to obtain a tissue specimen of a suspicious pancreatic lesion, an FNA needle must traverse either the stomach or duodenum to access the pancreatic mass. Once the needle has entered the target lesion a syringe is exchanged for the needle stylet and negative pressure is applied allowing acquisition of a cytology specimen. Negative pressure is released from the syringe and the stop cock is closed to the syringe. However, due to the relatively long length of the needle there is is significant remaining negative pressure at the needle tip. This leads to aspiration of surrounding material including GI mucosal contamination into the needle while removing it from the target lesion.

Contamination of the FNA specimen from gastric or duodenal epithelium can occur with continued negative pressure at the needle tip upon withdrawal of the needle out of the target lesion. While EUS-FNA has a high specificity (96%), sensitivity (87%), and accuracy (94%), gastrointestinal tract contamination can lead to misinterpretation of FNA specimens. Based on clinical experience, we propose a technique to eliminate any remaining negative pressure during EUS-FNA and therefore decreasing gastrointestinal tract contamination.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \> 18
* Not pregnant
* Can give consent
* Patients with suspicious GI lesions in need of tissue diagnosis by means of EUS/FNA

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant
* Age \< 18
* Cannot give consent
* EUS not technically possible

Primary outcomes:
measure: Efficacy of FNA biopsy
timeFrame: 1 week
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Milwaukee
country: United States
facility: Medical College of Wisconsin
state: Wisconsin
Study officials:
affiliation: Medical College of Wisconsin
name: Kulwinder Dua, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Mitsuhashi T, Ghafari S, Chang CY, Gu M. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of the pancreas: cytomorphological evaluation with emphasis on adequacy assessment, diagnostic criteria and contamination from the gastrointestinal tract. Cytopathology. 2006 Feb;17(1):34-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2006.00277.x.
citation: Aadam AA, Oh YS, Shidham VB, Khan A, Hunt B, Rao N, Zhang Y, Tarima S, Dua KS. Eliminating the Residual Negative Pressure in the Endoscopic Ultrasound Aspirating Needle Enhances Cytology Yield of Pancreas Masses. Dig Dis Sci. 2016 Mar;61(3):890-9. doi: 10.1007/s10620-015-3860-0. Epub 2015 Sep 7.