Clinical trial NCT06072963: COMMETS- Combination MCI Metabolic Syndrome
Official title: Combination of Intranasal Insulin With Oral Semaglutide to Improve Cognition and Cerebral Blood Flow: a Feasibility Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Alzheimer Disease
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Metabolic Syndrome
Keywords: Alzheimer disease
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Metabolic syndrome
Dementia
Semaglutide
Intranasal insulin
Lead sponsor: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Alzheimer's Association
First posted: 2023-10-10
Enrollment: 80
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 60
Maximum age (years): 90
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Intervention model description: Eligible participants will be randomized with equal probability to each of the four study groups. Following the baseline assessment, participants will be assigned to one of the four intervention groups, as determined by an automated randomization algorithm
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The investigators propose a proof of concept RCT (randomized clinical trial), testing the efficacy of intranasal insulin (INI) with semaglutide, a combination therapy with strong biological plausibility to benefit impaired cognition through vascular mechanisms, in older adults with MetS (metabolic syndrome) and MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment), who are enriched for cerebrovascular disease and at high dementia risk. The study will focus on cognitive and biological outcomes, allowing identification of relevant mechanisms.

Detailed description: The Specific Aims of the study are:

Aim 1. To examine the ease and precision of use of the intranasal device and once daily semaglutide pill.

Aim 2. To examine the adherence to the two types of treatment.

Aim 3. To examine the safety profile of the combination of intranasal insulin with semaglutide. The safety profile of each has been published broadly, but the safety of their combination has not been examined.

Aim 4. Although the primary goal of the pilot study is proof of concept essential to design a large combination therapy RCT, The investigators will compare the combination of intranasal insulin and semaglutide with the other three groups on a) cognition, b) cerebral blood flow (via ASL MRI), c) glucose uptake (via FDG PET), ADRD(Alzheimer's disease and related disorders)-related blood biomarkers (Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, pTau181 and 231, NfL and GFAP), and expression of insulin signaling genes from brain derived exosomes.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of MCI (based on a MOCA \<27 and a clinical dementia rating scale \[CDR\] score of 0.5 representing questionable dementia).
* Diagnosis of MetS -requiring a) abdominal obesity (waist circumference \>102cm for men and \>88cm for women), and b) glucose intolerance (fasting glucose\>110 mg/dL) and at least one of the following-c) dyslipidemia (high triglycerides \[\>150 mg/dL\] and low HDL \[\<40mg/dL for men and \<50 mg/dL for women\]), or d) elevated blood pressure (\>130/\>85 mmHg).
* Fluent in Hebrew
* The study requires an active study partner

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes (of any type)
* Taking medications that may affect glucose metabolism (including a GLP-1RA).
* Diagnosis of dementia and its subtypes, conditions that may directly affect cognition,
* short life expectancy or a medical condition that precludes consistent participation in the study,
* contraindications to either insulin or Semaglutide.
* Medications that may affect glucose metabolism such as corticosteroids.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Cognitive change - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on cognitive functioning.
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Neuroimaging outcome -- The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on cerebral blood flow (CBF).
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Neuroimaging outcome -- The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on brain glucose intake.
timeFrame: 6 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change in specific cognitive domains - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on executive functions and episodic memory.
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Neuroimaging outcomes- The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on microstructural alterations indicative of tissue injury.
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Neuroimaging outcomes- The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on gray matter and hippocampal volume.
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Functional outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on functional performance.
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Functional outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide with intranasal inulin on change in functional performance as measured by IADL (instrumental activities of daily living) questionnaires.
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Functional outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on physical capacity
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Neurobiological outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on ADRD-blood biomarkers- Aβ.
timeFrame: 6 Months
measure: Neurobiological outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on ADRD-blood biomarkers- P-tau181.
timeFrame: 6 Months
measure: Neurobiological outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on ADRD-blood biomarkers-P-tau231.
timeFrame: 6 Months
measure: Neurobiological outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on ADRD-blood biomarkers- T-tau.
timeFrame: 6 Months
measure: Neurobiological outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on ADRD-blood biomarkers- Neurofilament light (NfL).
timeFrame: 6 Months
measure: Neurobiological outcome - The effect of the combination of Semaglutide and intranasal insulin on ADRD-blood biomarkers- glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).
timeFrame: 6 Months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Ramat Gan
country: Israel
facility: Joseph Sagol Neuroscience center, Sheba Medical Center
Study officials:
affiliation: Sheba Medical Center
name: Tal Davidy
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
affiliation: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
name: Michal Schnaider beeri
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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