Clinical trial NCT04871529: Testing the Addition of an Anti-Cancer Immunotherapy Drug, Avelumab, to Gemcitabine and Carboplatin Chemotherapy Prior to Surgery in Muscle Invasive Urinary Tract Cancer vs. Surgery Alone in Patients Who Are Not Able to Receive Cisplatin Therapy (SWOG GAP TRIAL)
Official title: Randomized Phase II Trial of Gemcitabine, Avelumab and Carboplatin vs. No Neoadjuvant Therapy Preceding Surgery for Cisplatin-Ineligible Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma: SWOG GAP TRIAL
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: TERMINATED
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Bladder Carcinoma Infiltrating the Muscle of the Bladder Wall
Infiltrating Renal Pelvis and Ureter Urothelial Carcinoma
Stage II Bladder Cancer AJCC v8
Lead sponsor: SWOG Cancer Research Network
Sponsor class: NETWORK
Collaborators: name: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
First posted: 2021-05-04
Enrollment: 6
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This phase II trial studies the effect of avelumab, gemcitabine and carboplatin before surgery compared with surgery alone in treating patients with muscle invasive bladder or upper urinary tract cancer who are not able to receive cisplatin therapy. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as avelumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Chemotherapy drugs, such as gemcitabine and carboplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving avelumab together with gemcitabine and carboplatin before surgery may work better in lowering the chance of muscle invasive urinary tract cancer growing or spreading, in patients who cannot receive cisplatin therapy compared to surgery alone.

Detailed description: PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To compare pathologic complete response (pCR, pT0N0) with avelumab plus gemcitabine and carboplatin (AGCa) versus (vs.) no neoadjuvant therapy preceding protocol surgery for muscle-invasive bladder cancer or upper tract urothelial carcinoma (MIBC/UTUC) for participants who are ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate toxicities with AGCa, and to compare resectability rates and surgical complications by arm in this population.

II. To compare event-free survival (EFS) with AGCa versus no neoadjuvant therapy in this population.

III. To compare overall survival (OS) with AGCa versus no neoadjuvant therapy preceding surgery in this population.

IV. To compare pathologic complete response (pCR, pT0N0) with avelumab plus gemcitabine and carboplatin (AGCa) vs. no neoadjuvant therapy preceding protocol surgery in the subset of participants who received at least 2 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy in Arm A.

BANKING OBJECTIVE:

I. To bank tumor tissue, blood, and urine for future correlative genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic studies to discover molecular signatures associated with pCR and resistance.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms.

ARM A: Patients receive avelumab intravenously (IV) over 60 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 14 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive gemcitabine hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 8 and carboplatin IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up 4 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 4-8 weeks after final systemic therapy, patients undergo standard of care surgery.

ARM B: Patients undergo standard of care surgery.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 12 weeks for years 1-2, every 6 months for year 3, then annually in years 4-5.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants must have one of the following:

  * Histologically documented muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) from transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) within 56 days prior to registration
  * Histologically confirmed high grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) within 56 days prior to registration, with invasion confirmed by either a mass on cross-sectional imaging or a tumor directly visualized during upper urinary tract endoscopy within 56 days prior to registration
  * Participants diagnosed with mixed urothelial carcinoma and variant histology within 56 days prior to registration may be eligible if the majority (\> 50%) of the tumor consists of urothelial carcinoma. Participants with pure non-urothelial variant histologies or any small cell histology are not eligible
* Participants must have clinical stage T2-T4aN0M0 bladder or upper tract cancer confirmed by radiologic staging (computed tomography \[CT\] scan/magnetic resonance imaging \[MRI\] abdomen and pelvis, and CT scan/x-ray of the chest) within 56 days prior to registration
* Participants must have a bone scan within 56 days prior to registration if they have bone pain or elevated serum alkaline phosphatase
* Participants must have a bimanual examination under anesthesia within 56 days prior to registration
* Participants must not have received prior systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy or radiotherapy for the treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) or upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Other prior pelvic radiotherapy is allowed if it does not preclude surgery (radical cystectomy, nephroureterectomy or ureterectomy, based on location of primary tumor). Prior intravesical therapy is allowed
* Participants must not have received immunosuppressive medication within 14 days prior to registration, with the exception of intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injections (e.g., intra-articular injection) systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or its equivalent
* Participants must be \>= 18 years of age
* Participants must have Zubrod performance status 0-2
* Participants must have history and physical examination within 28 days prior to registration
* Participants must be surgical candidates as deemed by the local site oncologic surgeon within 28 days prior to registration. This must be clearly documented
* Participants must have a serum creatinine =\< the institutional upper limit of normal (IULN) OR measured OR calculated creatinine clearance \>= 30 mL/min using the Crockroft-Gault Formula. This specimen must have been drawn and processed within 28 days prior to registration
* Participants must be deemed cisplatin-ineligible based on greater than or equal to 1 of the following:

  * Zubrod performance status = 2
  * Creatinine clearance (calculated by Crockroft-Gault formula or measured) 30 to \< 60 ml/min,
  * Neuropathy \> grade 1
  * Hearing loss \> grade 1
  * Congestive heart failure \> grade 2
* Hemoglobin \>= 9.0 g/dL (within 28 days prior to registration)
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,500/mcL (within 28 days prior to registration)
* Platelets \>= 100,000/mcL (within 28 days prior to registration)
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (within 28 days prior to registration)
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =\< 2.5 x institutional ULN (within 28 days prior to registration)
* Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =\< 2.5 x institutional ULN (within 28 days prior to registration)
* Participants with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, must have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification and be class 2B or better
* Participants with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) must be on effective anti-retroviral therapy and have undetectable viral load at their most recent viral load test and within 6 months prior to registration

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participant must not have any other prior malignancy except for the following: adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, prostate cancer Gleason score =\< 3+4 in active surveillance, adequately treated stage I or II cancer from which the participant is currently in complete remission, or any other cancer from which the participant has been disease free for two years
* Participants must not be pregnant or nursing due to the risk of harm to a fetus or nursing infant. Women/men of reproductive potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 28 days prior to registration and must have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method. A woman is considered to be of "reproductive potential" if she has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months. In addition to routine contraceptive methods, "effective contraception" also includes heterosexual celibacy and surgery intended to prevent pregnancy (or with a side-effect of pregnancy prevention) defined as a hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or bilateral tubal ligation. However, if at any point a previously celibate participant chooses to become heterosexually active during the time period for use of contraceptive measures outlined in the protocol, he/she is responsible for beginning contraceptive measures
* Participants must not have a history of active primary immunodeficiency
* Participants must not have a history of or active autoimmune or inflammatory disorder, with the exception of vitiligo, alopecia, hypothyroidism (stable on hormone replacement), or chronic skin condition that does not require systemic therapy

Primary outcomes:
measure: Pathologic Complete Response
timeFrame: Measured once - at the time of surgery
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Event-free Survival
timeFrame: From randomization to the first event, assessed up to study closure
measure: Incidence of Adverse Events
timeFrame: treatment start to 90 days post surgery
measure: Overall Survival
timeFrame: Up to 5 years post-surgery
measure: Pathologic Complete Response - After 2 Cycles
timeFrame: Measured once - at the time of surgery
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Aurora
country: United States
facility: University of Colorado Hospital
state: Colorado
city: Highlands Ranch
country: United States
facility: UCHealth Highlands Ranch Hospital
state: Colorado
city: Orlando
country: United States
facility: AdventHealth Orlando
state: Florida
city: 'Aiea
country: United States
facility: Pali Momi Medical Center
state: Hawaii
city: Honolulu
country: United States
facility: Queen's Medical Center
state: Hawaii
city: Honolulu
country: United States
facility: Straub Clinic and Hospital
state: Hawaii
city: Alton
country: United States
facility: Saint Anthony's Health
state: Illinois
city: Bloomington
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Bloomington
state: Illinois
city: Canton
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Canton
state: Illinois
city: Carthage
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Carthage
state: Illinois
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: Northwestern University
state: Illinois
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: University of Illinois
state: Illinois
city: Danville
country: United States
facility: Carle at The Riverfront
state: Illinois
city: Decatur
country: United States
facility: Cancer Care Specialists of Illinois - Decatur
state: Illinois
city: Decatur
country: United States
facility: Decatur Memorial Hospital
state: Illinois
city: DeKalb
country: United States
facility: Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Kishwaukee
state: Illinois
city: Dixon
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Dixon
state: Illinois
city: Effingham
country: United States
facility: Carle Physician Group-Effingham
state: Illinois
city: Effingham
country: United States
facility: Crossroads Cancer Center
state: Illinois
city: Eureka
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Eureka
state: Illinois
city: Evanston
country: United States
facility: NorthShore University HealthSystem-Evanston Hospital
state: Illinois
city: Galesburg
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Galesburg
state: Illinois
city: Geneva
country: United States
facility: Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Delnor
state: Illinois
city: Glenview
country: United States
facility: NorthShore University HealthSystem-Glenbrook Hospital
state: Illinois
city: Highland Park
country: United States
facility: NorthShore University HealthSystem-Highland Park Hospital
state: Illinois
city: Kewanee
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Kewanee Clinic
state: Illinois
city: Lake Forest
country: United States
facility: Northwestern Medicine Lake Forest Hospital
state: Illinois
city: Macomb
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Macomb
state: Illinois
city: Mattoon
country: United States
facility: Carle Physician Group-Mattoon/Charleston
state: Illinois
city: O'Fallon
country: United States
facility: Cancer Care Center of O'Fallon
state: Illinois
city: Ottawa
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Ottawa Clinic
state: Illinois
city: Pekin
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Pekin
state: Illinois
city: Peoria
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Peoria
state: Illinois
city: Peru
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Peru
state: Illinois
city: Princeton
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare-Princeton
state: Illinois
city: Springfield
country: United States
facility: Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
state: Illinois
city: Springfield
country: United States
facility: Springfield Clinic
state: Illinois
city: Springfield
country: United States
facility: Memorial Medical Center
state: Illinois
city: Urbana
country: United States
facility: Carle Cancer Center
state: Illinois
city: Warrenville
country: United States
facility: Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Warrenville
state: Illinois
city: Washington
country: United States
facility: Illinois CancerCare - Washington
state: Illinois
city: Ames
country: United States
facility: Mary Greeley Medical Center
state: Iowa
city: Ames
country: United States
facility: McFarland Clinic - Ames
state: Iowa
city: Boone
country: United States
facility: McFarland Clinic - Boone
state: Iowa
city: Fort Dodge
country: United States
facility: McFarland Clinic - Trinity Cancer Center
state: Iowa
city: Jefferson
country: United States
facility: McFarland Clinic - Jefferson
state: Iowa
city: Marshalltown
country: United States
facility: McFarland Clinic - Marshalltown
state: Iowa
city: Metairie
country: United States
facility: East Jefferson General Hospital
state: Louisiana
city: Metairie
country: United States
facility: LSU Healthcare Network / Metairie Multi-Specialty Clinic
state: Louisiana
city: Ann Arbor
country: United States
facility: Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital
state: Michigan
city: Brighton
country: United States
facility: Saint Joseph Mercy Brighton
state: Michigan
city: Brighton
country: United States
facility: Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Brighton
state: Michigan
city: Canton
country: United States
facility: Saint Joseph Mercy Canton
state: Michigan
city: Canton
country: United States
facility: Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Canton
state: Michigan
city: Chelsea
country: United States
facility: Saint Joseph Mercy Chelsea
state: Michigan
city: Chelsea
country: United States
facility: Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Chelsea Hospital
state: Michigan
city: Clarkston
country: United States
facility: Hematology Oncology Consultants-Clarkston
state: Michigan
city: Clarkston
country: United States
facility: Newland Medical Associates-Clarkston
state: Michigan
city: Flint
country: United States
facility: Genesee Cancer and Blood Disease Treatment Center
state: Michigan
city: Flint
country: United States
facility: Genesee Hematology Oncology PC
state: Michigan
city: Flint
country: United States
facility: Genesys Hurley Cancer Institute
state: Michigan
city: Livonia
country: United States
facility: Trinity Health Saint Mary Mercy Livonia Hospital
state: Michigan
city: Pontiac
country: United States
facility: Newland Medical Associates-Pontiac
state: Michigan
city: Pontiac
country: United States
facility: Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland
state: Michigan
city: Saginaw
country: United States
facility: Ascension Saint Mary's Hospital
state: Michigan
city: Saginaw
country: United States
facility: Oncology Hematology Associates of Saginaw Valley PC
state: Michigan
city: Tawas City
country: United States
facility: Ascension Saint Joseph Hospital
state: Michigan
city: Ypsilanti
country: United States
facility: Huron Gastroenterology PC
state: Michigan
city: Ypsilanti
country: United States
facility: Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology Ann Arbor Campus
state: Michigan
city: Coon Rapids
country: United States
facility: Mercy Hospital
state: Minnesota
city: Cape Girardeau
country: United States
facility: Saint Francis Medical Center
state: Missouri
city: Farmington
country: United States
facility: Parkland Health Center - Farmington
state: Missouri
city: Saint Louis
country: United States
facility: Missouri Baptist Medical Center
state: Missouri
city: Sainte Genevieve
country: United States
facility: Sainte Genevieve County Memorial Hospital
state: Missouri
city: Sullivan
country: United States
facility: Missouri Baptist Sullivan Hospital
state: Missouri
city: Sunset Hills
country: United States
facility: Missouri Baptist Outpatient Center-Sunset Hills
state: Missouri
city: Cleveland
country: United States
facility: Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center/Fairview Hospital
state: Ohio
city: Cleveland
country: United States
facility: Cleveland Clinic Foundation
state: Ohio
city: Mansfield
country: United States
facility: Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center Mansfield
state: Ohio
city: Mayfield Heights
country: United States
facility: Hillcrest Hospital Cancer Center
state: Ohio
city: Sandusky
country: United States
facility: North Coast Cancer Care
state: Ohio
city: Sylvania
country: United States
facility: ProMedica Flower Hospital
state: Ohio
city: Wooster
country: United States
facility: Cleveland Clinic Wooster Family Health and Surgery Center
state: Ohio
city: Oklahoma City
country: United States
facility: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
state: Oklahoma
city: Dallas
country: United States
facility: UT Southwestern Simmons Cancer Center - RedBird
state: Texas
city: Dallas
country: United States
facility: UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
state: Texas
city: Fort Worth
country: United States
facility: UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Fort Worth
state: Texas
city: Richardson
country: United States
facility: UT Southwestern Clinical Center at Richardson/Plano
state: Texas
city: Marshfield
country: United States
facility: Marshfield Medical Center-Marshfield
state: Wisconsin
city: Minocqua
country: United States
facility: Marshfield Clinic-Minocqua Center
state: Wisconsin
city: Stevens Point
country: United States
facility: Marshfield Medical Center-River Region at Stevens Point
state: Wisconsin
city: Weston
country: United States
facility: Marshfield Medical Center - Weston
state: Wisconsin
Study officials:
References: