Clinical trial NCT05965258: Phenotypic Classification of FMR With CMR
Official title: Improving Phenotypic Classification and Prediction of Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Nonischemic Congestive Cardiomyopathy
Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Lead sponsor: The Cleveland Clinic
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
First posted: 2023-07-28
Enrollment: 360
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients referred to Cleveland Clinic Structural Interventional Cardiology Clinic for evaluation of possible percutaneous MV intervention are routinely referred for CMR as part of their clinical protocol, and will be recruited for this prospective study. Additionally, patients clinically referred for CMR for evaluation of cardiomyopathy, who are found to have FMR RF \>20% for enrollment into this prospective study.

Brief summary: The goal of the current research is to develop personalized risk prediction for functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) patients through explainable unsupervised phenomapping enriched with advanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging biomarkers, and to determine the CMR predictors of reverse remodeling following modern therapies for FMR.

The prospective study entails aiming to recruit 360 adult patients (ages \>18 years) with EF 10-50% and FMR RF\> 20%, who are clinically referred for CMR evaluation. Patients who enroll in our study will be referred for optimization of mGDMT and will undergo follow-up CMR studies at 6months. NICM patients who are fully medically optimized with significant FMR at the time of the baseline CMR and are referred for Mitraclip treatment will undergo follow-up CMR 6 months from Mitraclip intervention. NICM patients referred for mGDMT optimization, but have persistent or progressive FMR at the time of 6 month follow-up CMR and referred for Mitraclip therapy, will undergo a 2nd follow-up CMR 6 months from Mitraclip therapy.

Detailed description: Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) portends a bleak prognosis and is a common consequence of ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM, NICM), where adverse annular and left ventricular (LV) remodeling and/or infarction alters mitral valve (MV) function.

Prior studies demonstrate significant increases in mortality risk as severity of FMR increases; mortality rates range from 15-40% at 1 year. Furthermore, as the prevalence of heart failure (HF) is rising, FMR is projected to double from over 2 million patients in 2000 to over 4 million patients in the United States by 2030. Defining FMR severity, optimal timing of intervention, and most appropriate method for intervention remain controversial. Recently, MITRA-FR and COAPT trials demonstrated contrasting survival benefit with percutaneous MV repair, demonstrating the importance and need for more optimal selection criteria. Currently, the patient selection criteria for Mitraclip therapy are solely based on MV anatomy and controversial echocardiographic criteria for FMR severity. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provides an exciting opportunity to address numerous unmet needs regarding characterizing FMR and the need for more optimal selection criteria for improving outcomes. Superior accuracy and reproducibility for quantification of LV size and function, and gold standard tissue characterization, positions CMR as the ideal imaging modality for comprehensively characterizing FMR and the underlying myopathic processes that significantly impact response to FMR therapies. The goal of the current research is to develop personalized risk prediction for FMR patients through explainable unsupervised phenomapping enriched with advanced CMR imaging biomarkers, and to determine the CMR predictors of reverse remodeling following modern therapies for FMR.

The proposed research will leverage a large retrospective single center NICM CMR database. Our CMR NICM database currently features 458 NICM patients, who underwent CMR on a single CMR vendor platform from 2008-2017, who have been extensively curated with contoured data for standard CMR measures. An additional 802 NICM patients have been identified from our 2018-2021 CMR database with EF\<50% with the same inclusion/exclusion criteria, which will be extensively curated to enable phenomapping discovery. An external 400 NICM patient cohort will be used as an external validation cohort.

The prospective study entails aiming to recruit 360 adult patients (ages \>18 years) with EF 10-50% and FMR RF\> 20%, who are clinically referred for CMR evaluation. Patients who enroll in our study will be referred for optimization of mGDMT with Heart Failure Pharmacist Clinic and followed every 2 weeks until optimized. All will return and undergo follow-up CMR studies at 6months. NICM patients who are fully medically optimized with significant FMR at the time of the baseline CMR and are referred for Mitraclip treatment will undergo follow-up CMR 6 months from Mitraclip intervention. NICM patients referred for mGDMT optimization, but have persistent or progressive FMR at the time of 6 month follow-up CMR and referred for Mitraclip therapy, will undergo a 2nd follow-up CMR 6 months from Mitraclip therapy. CMR will be done on dedicated cardiac research MRI scanner.

A ischemic cardiomyopathy subgroup will be assessed as a comparator cohort.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1 CMR LVEF \<55% 2.FMR Fraction\>20% or echo criteria consistent with at least moderate mitral regurgitation with adequate image quality

Exclusion Criteria:

1. \>moderate aortic regurgitation/stenosis,
2. \<18 years of age,
3. acute myocarditis,
4. eGFR\<15
5. HCM
6. cardiac amyloidosis/sarcoidosis
7. prior mitral valve intervention
8. myocardial infarction within 8 weeks of CMR

Primary outcomes:
measure: Composite of cardiac mortality, heart transplant, or LVAD implantation.
timeFrame: Up to 36 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change in FMR
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Change in NT-proBNP
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Change in KCQL score
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Change in 6-minute walk test
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Recurrent heart failure hospitalization
timeFrame: up to 1 year
measure: Arrhythmias
timeFrame: up to 1 year
measure: MI
timeFrame: up to 1 year
measure: Stroke
timeFrame: up to 1 year
measure: Heart transplant
timeFrame: up to 1 year
measure: LVAD implantation
timeFrame: up to 1 year
measure: Mortality
timeFrame: up to 1 year
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Cleveland
country: United States
facility: Cleveland Clinic
state: Ohio
Study officials:
affiliation: The Cleveland Clinic
name: Deborah Kwon, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: