Clinical trial NCT02428296: Study of Sirolimus Therapy for Segmental Overgrowth Caused by Somatic PI3K Activation
Official title: Nonrandomized Open Label Pilot Study of Sirolimus Therapy for Segmental Overgrowth Caused by Somatic PI3K Activation
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS)
Growth Disorder
Genetics
Keywords: Clinical Trial
Congenital Malformations
Overgrowth
Pilot Drug Treatment Trial
Lead sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2015-04-28
Enrollment: 39
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 3
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Background:

- PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) is caused by changes in the PIK3CA gene. This gene makes a protein that communicates with other proteins in the body to cause cells to grow. Alterations in PIK3CA change the chemical signals in the body and cause overgrowth in fatty, vascular and other tissues. Sirolimus is a drug that reduces the signals sent by one of the proteins in this chemical signaling pathway. Researchers want to learn whether the drug sirolimus can reduce or stabilize some of the overgrowth that patients with PROS experience.

Objectives:

- To measure how the overgrowth of patients with PROS changes over time and whether taking a drug called sirolimus can reduce or stabilize a person s overgrowth.

Eligibility:

- People ages 3 to 65 years old with a confirmed mutation or alteration of the PIK3CA gene in the person s affected tissues (a somatic mutation).

Design:

* Participants will be screened with medical history and genetic counseling.
* First 6 months: Participants will have their overgrowth monitored.
* Next 6 months: Participants will take sirolimus once or twice a day.
* Participants will have to visit the clinic several times, and stay in the area for 4 to 5 days each time.
* Participants will have a one month-long visit to the clinic.
* During clinic visits, participants will have:
* Blood and urine tests.
* Photographs of their physical features.
* Scans, including an MRI and DEXA, and possibly x-rays and CT scans.
* For the MRI and CT scans, participants will lie in a machine that takes pictures of their body.
* The DEXA involves a small amount of radiation.
* They may have:
* Non-invasive heart function tests.
* Lung function tests.
* Participants will have several blood and urine tests between visits.
* Participants will complete surveys and keep a diary of their treatment and side effects.
* Participants may visit other health specialists or undergo other tests based on side effects.
* One month after stopping the study drug, participants will have 1 clinic visit.

Detailed description: The primary study objective is to determine the likely size of sirolimus treatment effect. The patient population will include male and female subjects, aged greater than or equal to 3 years and less than or equal to 65 years of age with segmental overgrowth identified to have clinical and molecular findings of somatic PIK3CA gene mutation. The planned study size will be ten patients seen at the NIHCC. An additional 20 patients will be contributed by two other centers, who will be responsible for the conduct of the proposed research at their site, but the study procedures and dosing schedule will be identical to enable pooling of results for statistical analyses. The study design will be a nonrandomized, open label, phase II pilot study of sirolimus treatment. As patients have highly variable clinical presentations, and there are no established evidence-based methodologies for measuring serial changes in growth, the aim of this pilot study is to establish the optimal methodology for evaluating changes in growth to inform the design of a future randomized controlled trial, in addition to determining treatment effect size, and evaluating safety and toxicity of low dose sirolimus. Overall desired outcome will be reduced size of affected body part, and measures will include: reduction in affected tissue (fibroadipose or bone) size by clinical exam measurement and by radiological studies (MRI area measurements and/or DXA study measurements of fat).

Eligibility criteria: * INCLUSION CRITERIA:
* Age: greater than or equal to 3 years to less than or equal to 65 years
* Male or Female
* Confirmed PIK3CA somatic mutation
* Measurably progressive overgrowth, in current progression or with clinical history of overgrowth progression
* Adequate Bone Marrow Function Defined as:

  * Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) greater than or equal to 1500/microliter, except for those participants with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 1000-1500, caused by a benign condition associated with moderately decreased neutrophils known as Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN), d those who have an ANC of 1000-1500 caused by a confirmed infection, which resolves with treatment of infection to greater than or equal to 1500.
  * Platelet count less than or equal to 100,000/microliter
  * Hemoglobin less than or equal to 10.0 gm/dL
* Adequate Renal Function Defined as:
* A serum creatinine based on age as follows:

  * Age (years) \[Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dl)\]
  * Less than or equal to 5 \[0.8 mg/dl\]
  * 5 less than age less than or equal to10 \[1.0 mg/dl\]
  * 10 less than age less than or equal to 15 \[1.2 mg/dl\]
  * Less than 15 \[1.5 mg/dl\]
* OR a creatinine clearance or radioisotope GFR greater than or equal to 70ml/min/1.73 m2

  * Adequate Liver Function Defined As:

    * Bilirubin (sum of conjugated + unconjugated) less than or equal to 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age, and
    * SGPT (ALT) less than or equal to 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age, and
    * Serum albumin greater than or equal to 2 g/dL.
  * Fasting LDL Cholesterol:

    * Patients must have a fasting LDL cholesterol of less than or equal to 160 mg/d
    * All women of childbearing potential and all sexually active male patients must agree to use effective contraception
    * Adolescent (15-17 year old) participants who are fluent in English and can thereby complete the pediatric self-report questionnaires and communicate well with the study team but whose parent(s) and/or legal guardian are primarily Spanish-speaking.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

The participant may not enter the study if ANY of the following apply:

* Age less than 3 years or greater than 65 years
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Women and men of reproductive age without an effective method of contraception (during treatment and up to 12 weeks after sirolimus discontinuation)
* Hypersensitivity to sirolimus or any of the excipients
* Any current medical disorder or medication likely to impair ability to follow the study protocol safely and effectively
* Incapacity to give informed consent
* Sirolimus treatment in the prior 4 weeks
* If less than 3 months post-surgery
* Prior malignancy or ongoing investigations for malignancy
* Active skin infections requiring antibiotics or anti-viral medication
* HCV/HBV/HIV seropositivity
* Previous/ active MTB infection
* Pneumonitis
* Research radiation exposure within previous 12 months
* Adult participants or participants under the age of 15 years with insufficient English language proficiency to complete informed consent and quality of life measures

We propose to restrict participation in this study to those with sufficient English language skills to complete the quality of life measures we will employ among all three study sites, as many of the specific quality of life measures we are employing at the NIH only are not available in other languages.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Percent Change in Unaffected and Affected Fibrofatty Tissue Measured by DXA
timeFrame: Run-in (0-26 weeks), treatment (26-52 weeks)
measure: Percent Change in Unaffected and Affected Fibrofatty Tissue Measured by MRI Scan
timeFrame: Run-in (0-26 weeks), treatment (26-52 weeks)
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Mean Sirolimus Doses to Achieve the Target Plasma Concentration
timeFrame: Between 6 months and 12 months
measure: Additional Measure of Efficacy: Quality of Life Assessment
timeFrame: baseline (0 months) and end of treatment (12 months)
measure: Number of Hospitalizations and Surgical Interventions
timeFrame: Run-in (0-26 weeks) and treatment (27-52 weeks)
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bethesda
country: United States
facility: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
state: Maryland
Study officials:
affiliation: National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
name: Kim M Keppler-Noreuil, M.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Lindhurst MJ, Parker VE, Payne F, Sapp JC, Rudge S, Harris J, Witkowski AM, Zhang Q, Groeneveld MP, Scott CE, Daly A, Huson SM, Tosi LL, Cunningham ML, Darling TN, Geer J, Gucev Z, Sutton VR, Tziotzios C, Dixon AK, Helliwell T, O'Rahilly S, Savage DB, Wakelam MJ, Barroso I, Biesecker LG, Semple RK. Mosaic overgrowth with fibroadipose hyperplasia is caused by somatic activating mutations in PIK3CA. Nat Genet. 2012 Jun 24;44(8):928-33. doi: 10.1038/ng.2332.
citation: Keppler-Noreuil KM, Rios JJ, Parker VE, Semple RK, Lindhurst MJ, Sapp JC, Alomari A, Ezaki M, Dobyns W, Biesecker LG. PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS): diagnostic and testing eligibility criteria, differential diagnosis, and evaluation. Am J Med Genet A. 2015 Feb;167A(2):287-95. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36836. Epub 2014 Dec 31.
citation: Keppler-Noreuil KM, Sapp JC, Lindhurst MJ, Parker VE, Blumhorst C, Darling T, Tosi LL, Huson SM, Whitehouse RW, Jakkula E, Grant I, Balasubramanian M, Chandler KE, Fraser JL, Gucev Z, Crow YJ, Brennan LM, Clark R, Sellars EA, Pena LD, Krishnamurty V, Shuen A, Braverman N, Cunningham ML, Sutton VR, Tasic V, Graham JM Jr, Geer J Jr, Henderson A, Semple RK, Biesecker LG. Clinical delineation and natural history of the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum. Am J Med Genet A. 2014 Jul;164A(7):1713-33. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36552. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
citation: Parker VER, Keppler-Noreuil KM, Faivre L, Luu M, Oden NL, De Silva L, Sapp JC, Andrews K, Bardou M, Chen KY, Darling TN, Gautier E, Goldspiel BR, Hadj-Rabia S, Harris J, Kounidas G, Kumar P, Lindhurst MJ, Loffroy R, Martin L, Phan A, Rother KI, Widemann BC, Wolters PL, Coubes C, Pinson L, Willems M, Vincent-Delorme C; PROMISE Working Group; Vabres P, Semple RK, Biesecker LG. Safety and efficacy of low-dose sirolimus in the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum. Genet Med. 2019 May;21(5):1189-1198. doi: 10.1038/s41436-018-0297-9. Epub 2018 Oct 1.