Clinical trial NCT04091958: Reconstruction of Partial Mastectomy Defects With Pectoralis Myo-glandular Local Flap.
Official title: Reconstruction of Partial Mastectomy Defects With Myo-glandular Local Flap: Pilot Study.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Breast Cancer
Keywords: Breast conserving surgery
Pectoralis major muscle
Lead sponsor: Mansoura University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-09-17
Enrollment: 15
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Intervention model description: This is a cohort study.
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Increasing number of breast cancer patients are being treated with conservative surgery; without the need for mastectomy. The cosmetic sequel of breast conservative surgery can be unsatisfactory to the patient and may necessitate secondary surgery. The present study aims at improving the cosmetic outcome of breast conservative surgery. The defect remaining in the breast tissue after excision of the tumour will be filled with the underlying pectoralis major muscle. This pilot study will test the safety and efficacy of using the pectoralis major muscle for reconstructing a partial mastectomy defect. fifteen patients with early breast cancer scheduled for breast conservation will be recruited to this study.

Detailed description: Breast conservative surgery is the standard of care for early breast cancer patients. Large multi-center randomized trials have shown breast conservative surgery to be non-inferior to total mastectomy . Oncoplastic breast surgery consists of adequate tumorectomy followed by aesthetic repair of the partial mastectomy defect to achieve satisfactory cosmetic outcome. Oncoplastic surgery is recommended for all breast conservative operations. Level-I oncoplastic surgery is used to repair minor loss of breast volume. In this level, reconstruction is limited to mobilization and redistribution of the breast parenchyma to fill the tumorectomy defect. Larger volume loss requires complex procedures with significant morbidity and is called level-II oncoplasty. In level-II procedures, extra-mammary tissue is mobilized to fill the breast defect (volume replacement). Alternatively, bilateral reduction mammoplasty procedure (volume displacement) is used to reconfigure the breast, obliterate the tumorectomy defect and correct associated breast hypertrophy or ptosis. With either strategy, volume replacement and volume displacement require extensive skin incisions and tissue mobilization. Thus, level-II oncoplasty achieve maximum aesthetic outcome on the expense of major surgical trauma and significant probability of operative morbidity. Recent years have witnessed renewed interest in de-escalating oncoplastic surgical strategies. Level-I oncoplastic operations have been used more frequently to fulfil the cosmetic needs of the majority of breast conservative operations. Moreover, the patient acceptability of the complex level-II oncoplastic procedures is not universal. With the exception of level-II oncoplastic procedures, breast cancer surgery is a well-tolerated intervention that can be offered in a fast-track or day-case basis with economic, psychological and social advantages.

In view of the above-mentioned considerations, The investigators and others have worked to expand the role of level-I oncoplastic surgery. Several innovative techniques have been recommended to allow repair of wider post-tumorectomy defects with simple mobilization of breast parenchymal flaps.

The pectoralis major muscle flap is the classic workhorse of reconstructive surgery of the head and neck. The muscle has been extensively used as a pedicled or free flap to achieve reconstruction of major post-ablative tissue defects. In aesthetic breast surgery, pectoralis major muscle has been used as a sling to correct breast ptosis.

The investigators hypothesized that mobilization of glandular tissue based on underlying pectoralis major fibres will allow repair of larger defects using an "extended level-I oncoplasty". Pectoralis major is known to have reliable segmental blood supply that allows muscle-sparing flap construction with minimal or no functional deficit.

The aim of this work is to evaluate the operative and aesthetic outcome of extended-level-I oncoplastic reconstruction with pectoralis myo-parenchymal flaps.

This is a pilot study that is equivalent to a phase I trial i.e. a safety study. The primary goal is to identify unforeseen surgical, oncologic or cosmetic drawbacks for the technique. This study will also evaluate the efficacy of the technique for providing satisfactory cosmetic outcome.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with early breast cancer or phylloides tumor.
2. Eligible for breast conservative surgery.
3. Expected post-lumpectomy volume loss of 20-40% of breast volume.
4. Tumor location in upper quadrants.
5. Informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patient refusal.
2. Contraindication of breast conservative therapy:

   1. Pregnancy.
   2. Diffuse microcalcifications.
   3. Patient choice for mastectomy.
   4. Collagen / vascular disease.
   5. Multicentric tumor.
3. Psychological co-morbidity.

Primary outcomes:
measure: The rate of major complications
timeFrame: Six weeks after surgery.
measure: The score of early cosmetic outcome
timeFrame: Six weeks after surgery.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: The score of late cosmetic outcome
timeFrame: 12 Months after surgery.
Other outcomes:
measure: The percentage of adequate resection
timeFrame: Two weeks after surgery.
Locations:
city: Mansourah
country: Egypt
facility: Mansoura University Oncology Center
state: DK
Study officials:
affiliation: Mansoura University
name: Osama Hussein, MD,PhD.FEBS
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Harris JR, Levene MB, Svensson G, Hellman S. Analysis of cosmetic results following primary radiation therapy for stages I and II carcinoma of the breast. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1979 Feb;5(2):257-61. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(79)90729-6. No abstract available.
citation: Tobin GR. Pectoralis major segmental anatomy and segmentally split pectoralis major flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1985 Jun;75(6):814-24. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198506000-00009.
citation: Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J, Margolese RG, Deutsch M, Fisher ER, Jeong JH, Wolmark N. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002 Oct 17;347(16):1233-41. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa022152.