Clinical trial NCT01587924: 4 Week Switch Study in Hemodialysis-dependent Subjects With Anemia Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease
Official title: A Four-week, Phase IIa, Randomized, Active-controlled, Parallel-group, Multi-center Study to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Switching Subjects From a Stable Dose of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin to GSK1278863 in Hemodialysis-dependent Subjects With Anemia Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Anaemia
Keywords: Renal Impairment
Anemia
pharmacokinetics
hemodialysis
Chronic kidney disease
GSK1278863
hemoglobin
Prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor
recombinant human erythropoietin
erythropoiesis stimulating agents
Dialysis, Renal
Lead sponsor: GlaxoSmithKline
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
Collaborators: name: PPD Development, LP
First posted: 2012-04-30
Enrollment: 80
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 99
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This is a four-week, Phase IIa, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-group, multi-center study to evaluate the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of switching subjects from stable rhEPO to GSK1278863 in approximately 68 hemodialysis-dependent subjects with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. The study consists of a screening phase of 2 weeks, a 4-week treatment phase and a 2-week follow-up phase. The range of Hgb values for study eligibility is 9.5-12.0 g/dL and the subjects must have received the same rhEPO product with total weekly doses that varied by no more than 50% during the 4 weeks prior to the Screening visit (Week -1. This study aims to estimate the relationship between dose of GSK1278863 and Hgb response in hemodialysis-dependent (HDD) subjects with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease after switching from a stable maintenance dose of recombinant human erythropoetin (rhEPO).

Detailed description: This is a four-week, Phase IIa, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-group, multi-center study to evaluate the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of switching subjects from stable rhEPO to GSK1278863 in approximately 68 hemodialysis-dependent subjects with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. The study consists of a screening phase of 2 weeks, a 4-week treatment phase and a 2-week follow-up phase. The range of Hgb values for study eligibility is 9.5-12.0 g/dL and the subjects must have received the same rhEPO product with total weekly doses that varied by no more than 50% during the 4 weeks prior to the Screening visit (Week -1. Eligible subjects, stratified by their prior rhEPO dose will be randomized in equal proportions to receive double-blind GSK1278863 0.5 mg, 2 mg or 5 mg QD (after discontinuing their rhEPO), or to continue to receive their existing type and dose of rhEPO (epoetins or their biosimilars, or darbepoetin). Study treatment will be stopped if Hgb values fall outside of the protocol pre-specified ranges. Subject completion is defined as completion of all study phases including the follow-up phase.

This study aims to estimate the relationship between dose of GSK1278863 and Hgb response in hemodialysis-dependent (HDD) subjects with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease after switching from a stable maintenance dose of recombinant human erythropoetin (rhEPO). In addition, the study will characterize the effect of GSK1278863 on various pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) markers, and will investigate the safety and tolerability of GSK1278863.

An early interim analysis of the Hgb data is planned after approximately 20 subjects from cohort 1 have completed 3 weeks of treatment. Depending upon the interim findings, a second cohort of subjects may be added to investigate an additional GSK1278863 dose arm. Recruitment to the first cohort will continue during the interim analysis.

A second interim analysis is planned after approximately 48 subjects from cohort 1 have completed 4 weeks treatment. The purpose of this interim is three-fold, to investigate if a second cohort of subjects may be added, to facilitate early development of dose-response and PK/PD statistical models, and to generate interim results to facilitate design and dosing decisions for the next trial.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age and weight: \>/=18 years of age and \>/=45 kg (weight post-dialysis).
2. On three times weekly hemodialysis for at least 8 weeks, irrespective of eGFR values and stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
3. A single-pool Kt/Vurea of \>/=1.2 based on a historical value obtained within the prior month in order to ensure the adequacy of dialysis. If Kt/Vurea is not available, then an average of the last 2 values of urea reduction ratio (URR) of at least 65%.
4. rhEPO use: Using the same rhEPO (epoetins or darbepoetin) with total weekly doses that varied by no more than 50% during the prior 4 weeks (i.e., maximum vs. minimum total weekly doses \</=50%).
5. Hgb concentrations 9.5-12.0 g/dL (inclusive).
6. Vitamin B12 above the lower limit of the reference range (may rescreen in two months).
7. Folate: \>/= 2.0 ng/mL (may rescreen in one month).
8. Ferritin: \>/=40 ng/mL with the absence of microcytic or hypochromic RBCs.
9. Transferrin saturation (TSAT): Within the reference range.
10. Iron replacement therapy: Stable maintenance dose of oral iron replacement therapy, if required, that will be maintained throughout the study. NOTE: IV iron replacement therapy is not allowed the two weeks prior to Screening through the end of the study (Week 6).
11. QTc: QTcB \<470 msec or QTcB \<480 msec in subjects with bundle branch block obtained at Screening Visit (based on Central Reader's interpretation).
12. Females: Eligible to participate if she is of childbearing potential, and must agree to use one of the approved contraception methods from Screening until completion of the Follow-up Visit OR of non-childbearing potential defined as pre-menopausal females with a documented tubal ligation of hysterectomy; or postmenopausal defined as 12 months of spontaneous amenorrhea \[in questionable cases a blood sample with simultaneous follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)\>40MIU/ml and estradiol \<40pg/ml is confirmatory\]. Females on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) whose menopausal status is in doubt will be required to use one of the approved contraception methods if they wish to continue their HRT during the study. Otherwise they must discontinue HRT to allow confirmation of post-menopausal status prior to study enrolment. For most forms of HRT, at least 2 weeks will elapse between the cessation of therapy and the blood draw; this interval depends on the type and dosage of HRT. Following confirmation of their post-menopausal status, they can resume use of HRT during the study without use of a contraceptive method.
13. Males: Must agree to use one of the approved contraceptive methods from the time of Screening until completion of the Follow-up Visit.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Dialysis modality: On peritoneal dialysis OR planned change in dialysis modality within the study time period.
2. rhEPO Hyporesponders: As defined by an epoetin dose of \>/=360 IU/kg/week IV or darbepoetin dose of \>/=1.8 µg/kg/week IV within the prior 8 weeks.
3. Renal transplant: Renal transplant anticipated or scheduled within the study time period or subjects with a functioning renal transplant.
4. Mircera or Peginesatide: Current or prior use (within the prior 8 weeks) of Mircera (methoxy polyethylene glycol epoetin beta) OR peginesatide.
5. Total CPK: \>5x the upper limit of the reference range.
6. HIV: Positive HIV antibody.
7. History of myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome within the prior 6 months.
8. History of stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) within the prior 6 months.
9. Heart failure: Class III/IV heart failure, as defined by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification system.
10. Hypertension: Poorly controlled hypertension, whether due to inadequate treatment, or lack of treatment, is defined as follows:

    * DBP \>100 mmHg or SBP\>160 mmHg for subjects taking hypertension medication(s) before screening and dialysis, if required.
    * DBP \>105 mmHg or SBP\>170 mmHg for subjects who are asked to hold hypertension medication(s) before screening and dialysis.
11. Thrombotic Disease: History of thrombotic disease (e.g., venous thrombosis such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or arterial thrombosis such as new onset or worsening limb ischemia requiring intervention), or other thrombosis related condition except shunt thrombosis) within the prior 6 months.
12. Pulmonary hypertension: Known pulmonary hypertension and those at higher risk (than normally associated with CKD) for pre-existing elevation in pulmonary pressure (e.g., significant heart failure or lung disease requiring supplemental oxygen, or those with connective tissue diseases).
13. Inflammatory disease: Chronic inflammatory disease that could impact erythropoiesis (e.g., scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosis, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease).
14. Haematological disease: Any haematological disease including those affecting platelets, the coagulation disorders (e.g., Protein C or S deficiency) or red blood cells (e.g. sickle cell anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, haematological malignancy, myeloma, haemolytic anemia) or any other cause of anemia other than renal disease.
15. Liver disease: Current liver disease, known hepatic or biliary abnormalities (with the exception of Gilbert's syndrome or asymptomatic gallstones) or evidence at Screening of abnormal liver function tests \[alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase (ALT) or aspartate transaminase (AST) \> 2.0 x upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin \> 1.5 x ULN\]; or other hepatic abnormalities that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude the subject from participation in the study.
16. Major surgery: (excluding vascular access surgery) Within the prior 12 weeks or planned during the study.
17. Transfusion: Blood transfusion within the prior 12 weeks or an anticipated need for blood transfusion during the study.
18. Ulcer and Active GI Bleeding: Evidence of active peptic, duodenal, or esophageal ulcer disease OR GI bleeding within the prior 12 weeks.
19. Acute infection: Clinical evidence of acute infection or history of infection requiring intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy the eight weeks prior to Screening through Day 1 (randomization).
20. Malignancy: History of malignancy within the prior 5 years or are receiving treatment for cancer or those with a strong family history of cancer (e.g., familial cancer disorders), with the exception of squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma of the skin that has been definitively treated.
21. Eyes: History of proliferative retinopathy requiring treatment within the prior 12 months or macular edema requiring treatment.
22. Severe reactions: History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions or hypersensitivity to excipients in the investigational product.
23. Drugs and supplements: Use of any prescription or non-prescription drugs or dietary supplements that are prohibited from Screening until the Follow-up Visit.
24. Androgens: New androgen therapy or changes to pre-existing androgen regimen within the prior 12 weeks.
25. Prior investigational product exposure: The Subject has participated in a clinical trial and has received an experimental investigational product within the prior 30 days.
26. Protocol compliance: Unwillingness or inability to follow the procedures, or lifestyle and/or dietary restrictions outlined in the protocol.
27. Other Conditions: Any condition which in the investigator's opinion should exclude the subject from participating in the study.
28. Pregnancy or Lactation: Pregnant females as determined by positive serum hCG test OR women who are lactating at Screening or during the trial.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Modeled Hemoglobin (Hgb) Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) at 4 Weeks of Treatment
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to week 4
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Hgb Variability Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Up to 4 weeks
measure: Evaluation of Change From Baseline in Hepcidin Over Period
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Evaluation of Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) in High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Change From Baseline for Erythropoeitin (EPO) Over Period
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Evaluation of Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) for Peak Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Evaluation of Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) for Hematocrit Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Residual Standard Deviation in Hgb (From the Linear Regression)
timeFrame: Up to 4 weeks
measure: Number of Days Spent Within Hgb Range ( ±0.5 g/dL and ±1 g/dL ) From Baseline Hgb
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Evaluation of Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) in Ferritin Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and Week 4
measure: Evaluation of Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) for Transferrin Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and Week 4
measure: Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) for Transferrin Saturation Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and Week 4
measure: Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) for Total Iron Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and at Week 4
measure: Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) in Total Iron Binding Capacity Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and Week 4
measure: Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) for Red Blood Cells (RBCs) Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Change From Baseline (Pre-dose on Day 1) for Reticulocytes Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Baseline (pre-dose on Day 1) and up to 4 weeks
measure: Number of Participants Reaching Hgb Stopping Criteria
timeFrame: Up to 4 weeks
measure: Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
timeFrame: Up to 4 weeks
measure: Number of Participants Discontinuing the Study Treatment Due to AEs
timeFrame: Up to 4 weeks
measure: Mean Plasma Concentration of GSK1278863 and GSK1278863 Metabolites Over 4 Weeks
timeFrame: Up to 4 weeks
measure: Number of Participants With Abnormal Hematology and Clinical Chemistry Parameters of Potential Clinical Concern (PCI)
timeFrame: Up to 6 weeks (including follow-up)
measure: Number of Participants With Abnormal Vital Signs of PCI
timeFrame: Up to 6 weeks
measure: Number of Participants With Electrocardiogram (ECG) Findings Over Period
timeFrame: Up to 6 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Paragould
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Arizona
city: Tempe
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Arizona
city: Pine Bluff
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Arkansas
city: Azusa
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Bakersfield
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Bakersfield
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Lynwood
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Orange
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Riverside
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: West Hills
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Whittier
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Arvada
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Colorado
city: Denver
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Colorado
city: Westminster
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Colorado
city: Waterbury
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Connecticut
city: Coral Springs
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Florida
city: Miami
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Florida
city: Miami
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Florida
city: Pembroke Pines
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Florida
city: Spring Hill
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Florida
city: Macon
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Georgia
city: Gurnee
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Illinois
city: Bethesda
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Maryland
city: Detroit
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Michigan
city: Southgate
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Michigan
city: Las Vegas
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Nevada
city: Brooklyn
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: New York
city: Asheville
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Charlotte
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Durham
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Winston-Salem
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Oklahoma City
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Oklahoma
city: Erie
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Pennsylvania
city: Arlington
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Texas
city: Greenville
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Texas
city: Houston
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Texas
city: Houston
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Texas
city: Killeen
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Texas
city: San Antonio
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Texas
city: Calgary
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Alberta
city: Edmonton
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Alberta
city: Halifax
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Nova Scotia
city: London
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Ontario
city: Sudbury
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Ontario
city: Aalborg
country: Denmark
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Odense
country: Denmark
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Roskilde
country: Denmark
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Heidelberg
country: Germany
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Baden-Wuerttemberg
city: Aschaffenburg
country: Germany
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Bayern
city: Oberschleissheim
country: Germany
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Bayern
city: Demmin
country: Germany
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
city: Lehrte
country: Germany
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Niedersachsen
city: Koeln
country: Germany
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Nordrhein-Westfalen
city: Hamburg
country: Germany
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Oslo
country: Norway
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Oslo
country: Norway
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Karlstad
country: Sweden
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Stockholm
country: Sweden
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Uppsala
country: Sweden
facility: GSK Investigational Site
Study officials:
affiliation: GlaxoSmithKline
name: GSK Clinical Trials
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Natale P, Palmer SC, Jaure A, Hodson EM, Ruospo M, Cooper TE, Hahn D, Saglimbene VM, Craig JC, Strippoli GF. Hypoxia-inducible factor stabilisers for the anaemia of chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Aug 25;8(8):CD013751. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013751.pub2.
citation: Holdstock L, Meadowcroft AM, Maier R, Johnson BM, Jones D, Rastogi A, Zeig S, Lepore JJ, Cobitz AR. Four-Week Studies of Oral Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor GSK1278863 for Treatment of Anemia. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Apr;27(4):1234-44. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014111139. Epub 2015 Oct 22.