Clinical trial NCT04715581: Multicomponent Prehabilitation and Outcomes in Elderly Patients With Frailty
Official title: Effect of Multicomponent Prehabilitation on Early and Long-term Outcomes in Elderly Patients With Frailty After Digestive Surgery for Cancer: A Randomized-controlled Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Old Age; Debility
Digestive Cancer
Surgery
Preoperative Rehabilitation
Nutrition Therapy
Outcomes
Keywords: older patients
frailty
digestive cancer
prehabilitation
nutrition therapy
outcomes
Lead sponsor: Peking University First Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2021-01-20
Enrollment: 538
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 65
Maximum age (years): 89
Standard ages: OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: This is a randomized controlled trial.
Primary purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Brief summary: The study is designed to investigate the effect of a multicomponent prehabilitation pathway on early and long-term outcomes in elderly patients with frailty recovering from surgery for digestive cancer.

Detailed description: Frailty is an age-related syndrome characterized with diminished physiological reserve that results in decreased homeostatic capacity and increased vulnerability to any stress from minor to major. Approximately 10% to 20% of adults aged 65 years and older present with frailty, and the incidence doubles among those of 85 years and older. Among elderly cancer patients especially those with digestive cancer, the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty can be as high as 50%. Malnutrition often coexists with frailty, and indeed contribute to the development of frailty. As a matter of fact, the proportion of malnutrition also increases with age even in high-income countries.

Frailty is strongly associated with worsening outcomes in surgical patients, including higher delirium, high non-delirium complications, high perioperative mortality, as well as decreased activity of daily life, cognitive dysfunction and work disability in long-term survivors. Furthermore, malnutrition as a prominent factor in the development of frailty also has adverse impacts on the duration of hospitalization, complications, and survival after surgery. Therefore, it is urgently needed to understand how to enhance the recovery of these patients following surgery.

Exercises and rehabilitation, in combination with nutritional supplement, may reverse or mitigate frailty, promote postoperative recovery, and improve clinical outcomes. However, the reported effectiveness varies with interventions and are not sufficiently robust to guide good clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of multimodal prehabilitation on early and long-term outcomes in elderly patients with frailty.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria:

1. Age ≥65 years but \<90 years;
2. Scheduled to undergo major surgery for digestive cancer with an expected duration of 2 hours and longer, including cancers of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, pancreas, liver, and biliary tract;
3. Clinical Frailty Scale ≥5;
4. Provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Preoperative history of schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinsonism, or myasthenia gravis;
2. Inability to communicate due to coma, profound dementia, or language barrier;
3. Inability to participate in preoperative rehabilitation due to paralysis, fracture or other movement disorder;
4. Inability to take oral diet due to preoperative gastrointestinal disease or other disease;
5. Severe heart dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction \<30% or New York Heart Association classification IV), severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C), severe renal dysfunction (undergoing dialysis before surgery), or American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of grade 4 or higher;
6. Other reasons that are considered unsuitable for study participation.

Primary outcomes:
measure: A composite of delirium and non-delirium complications within 7 days after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 7 days after surgery.
measure: Recurrence-free survival after surgery.
timeFrame: Up to two years after surgery.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Intensive care unit admission after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: Incidence of delirium within 7 days after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 7 days after surgery.
measure: Time to oral fluid intake after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: Time to oral food intake after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: Time to out-of-bed activity after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: 6-minute walk distance at hospital discharge (sub-study).
timeFrame: At hospital discharge, up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: Length of hospital stay after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: Incidence of non-delirium complication within 30 days after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: All-cause 30-day mortality after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 30 days after surgery.
measure: Quality of life at 30 days after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: At 30 days after surgery.
measure: Cognitive function at 30 days after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: At 30 days after surgery.
measure: Sleep quality at 30 days after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: At 30 days after surgery.
measure: Overall survival after surgery.
timeFrame: Up to 2 years after surgery.
measure: Cancer specific survival after surgery.
timeFrame: Up to 2 years after surgery.
measure: Event-free survival after surgery.
timeFrame: Up to 2 years after surgery.
measure: Physical activity at 30 days after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: At 30 days after surgery.
Other outcomes:
measure: Intensity of pain after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 7 days after surgery.
measure: Subjective sleep quality after surgery (sub-study).
timeFrame: Up to 7 days after surgery.
measure: Sleep architecture during the night of surgery (sub-study, part of enrolled patients).
timeFrame: During the night of surgery.
measure: Quality of life at 1 year after surgery.
timeFrame: At 1 year after surgery.
measure: Cognitive function at 1 year after surgery.
timeFrame: At 1 year after surgery.
measure: Serum level of irisin before anesthesia
timeFrame: Intraoperative (Before anesthesia on the day of surgery)
measure: Serum level of irisin on postoperative day 1
timeFrame: At the first day after surgery
measure: Physical activity at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after surgery.
timeFrame: At 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after surgery
Locations:
city: Beijing
country: China
facility: Peking University First Hospital
state: Beijing
Study officials:
affiliation: Peking University First Hospital
name: Dong-Xin Wang, MD, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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