Clinical trial NCT06258551: Dynamics of Colonization and Infection by Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens in Immunocompromised and Critically Ill Patients
Official title: Dynamics of Colonization and Infection by Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens in Immunocompromised and Critically Ill Patients
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Antimicrobial Drug Resistance
Antibiotic Resistant Infection
Clostridium Difficile
Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Bacteria Infection
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci Infection
Carbapenem Resistant Bacterial Infection
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcal Infection
Lead sponsor: The Methodist Hospital Research Institute
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
name: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
name: Baylor College of Medicine
name: University of Houston
name: William Marsh Rice University
name: The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
First posted: 2024-02-14
Enrollment: 1000
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients are recruited from the intensive care units and stem cell transplant units from two major metropolitan hospitals

Brief summary: The goal of this observational study is to investigate how bacterial populations from the intestine and mouth of patients change during the hospitalization period and evaluate if some populations of specific bacteria increase or decrease the risk of acquiring an infection or becoming colonized by pathogenic bacteria. Participants will have the following samples collected during enrollment: stool samples (maximum 2x/week), blood draws (1x/week), oral swab (1x/week).

Detailed description: The objectives of this study are to dissect the main microbial, clinical, and antimicrobial resistance determinants that impact colonization and infection by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), and Clostridium difficile; to evaluate the role of commensal microbiota in VRE, ESBL-E/CRE, and C. difficile colonization, and to define the functional aspects of keystone microbiota and mechanisms of protection against colonization/infection.

Patients will be recruited from both intensive care units (n=500) and stem cell transplant units (n=500) and will be followed until discharge from these units, or for a maximum of four weeks. In addition to stool, blood, and oral samples, enrolled patients will have clinical data collected by chart review to evaluate colonization/infection-related clinical status, microbiological laboratory information, exposure to antibiotics, and clinical outcomes. Positive clinical cultures taken during the course of hospitalization will also be collected for analysis.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Admission to an intensive care unit or stem cell transplant unit (for allogeneic stem cell transplantation) within previous 24 hours

Exclusion Criteria:

* \<18 years of age
* Pregnancy
* History of inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
* Gastrointestinal derivation (colostomy, ileostomy, etc.)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Impact of Colonization on Clinical Outcomes Using DOOR Analysis
timeFrame: 30 days
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Additional Clinical Predictors of Negative Outcomes
timeFrame: 30 days
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Houston
country: United States
facility: Houston Methodist Hospital
state: Texas
city: Houston
country: United States
facility: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
state: Texas
Study officials:
affiliation: The Methodist Hospital Research Institute
name: Cesar A Arias, MD, PhD, Msc
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Caballero S, Carter R, Ke X, Susac B, Leiner IM, Kim GJ, Miller L, Ling L, Manova K, Pamer EG. Distinct but Spatially Overlapping Intestinal Niches for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium and Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Sep 3;11(9):e1005132. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005132. eCollection 2015 Sep.
citation: Lee KH, Han SH, Yong D, Paik HC, Lee JG, Kim MS, Joo DJ, Choi JS, Kim SI, Kim YS, Park MS, Kim SY, Yoon YN, Kang S, Jeong SJ, Choi JY, Song YG, Kim JM. Acquisition of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Solid Organ Transplantation Recipients. Transplant Proc. 2018 Dec;50(10):3748-3755. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.01.058.
citation: Ulrich RJ, Santhosh K, Mogle JA, Young VB, Rao K. Is Clostridium difficile infection a risk factor for subsequent bloodstream infection? Anaerobe. 2017 Dec;48:27-33. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.06.020. Epub 2017 Jun 29.