Clinical trial NCT00364936: Development and Evaluation of a New Palliative Care Service for People Severely Affected With Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Official title: Proposal to Create a Flagship Neurology and Palliative Care Service for South London
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis
Keywords: palliative care
hospice
end-of-life
symptom control
evaluation
effectiveness
Lead sponsor: King's College London
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Multiple Sclerosis Society
First posted: 2006-08-16
Enrollment: 52
Sex: ALL
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The primary purpose of this study is to develop, implement and conduct a preliminary evaluation of a new service for people who are severely affected by multiple sclerosis. The investigators conducted open interviews with patients, families and staff, plus a literature review to model and pilot this new service. Then the investigators developed, tested and ran the service and will evaluate it using a randomised controlled trial, where people affected by MS are randomised to either receive the service immediately (fast track group) or after a three month wait (standard best practice). This methodology follows that of the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for the development and evaluation of complex services and treatments. The investigators interview people and their carers in the fast track and standard practice groups, and followed them over time. This phase of trial enables us to calculate sample size and test proof of concept for a full randomised trial. However, our working hypothesis was that there would be no difference between those people who received the fast track service or the standard best practice in terms of symptom controlled, and carer needs.

Detailed description: Palliative care has been proposed to help meet the needs of patients who suffer progressive non-cancer conditions but this has not been tested. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease affecting the central nervous system affecting over 2.5 million people worldwide, and is the commonest cause of neurological disability in adults under 60 years. It is associated with a wide spectrum of physical symptoms, including loss of function of legs, arms and in many instances bladder and bowel dysfunction, pain, spasms, swallowing and communication and cognitive difficulties, many of which are as severe as among patients with cancer. Therefore it seems appropriate to try to develop palliative care services for this group of patients.

Our design followed the MRC Framework for the Evaluation of Complex Interventions. The investigators modelled a new palliative care and neurology service for patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS) by conducting qualitative interviews with patients, families and staff, plus a literature review to model and pilot the service. Then the investigators started to offer the service and designed a delayed intervention randomised controlled trial to test its effectiveness as part of phase II of the MRC framework. Inclusion criteria for the trial were patients identified by referring clinicians as having unresolved symptoms or psychological concerns. A disability of scoring greater than 8 on the Expanded Disability Scale was identified as a benchmark. Consenting patients newly referred to the new service were randomised to either receive the palliative care service immediately (fast-track) or after a 12-week wait (standard best practice). Face to face interviews were conducted at baseline (before intervention), and at 4-6, 10-12 (before intervention for the standard-practice group), 16-18 and 22-24 weeks with patients and their carers using standard questionnaires to assess symptoms, palliative care outcomes, function, service use and open comments. The investigators choice of outcomes was based on a systematic literature review of outcome measures.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of MS
* Living in South East London
* Having possible palliative care needs. Referrers were encouraged to identify people as severely affected with MS based on their clinical need, rather than relying on any standardised measures of disability. However, since a large Canadian population study identified that approximately 15% of people with MS have an Expanded Disability Scale Score of 8 or more (out of a possible 10)23, this was also suggested to referrers as a benchmark for disability that would prompt consideration of referral. Examples of palliative care needs were given as unresolved symptoms, psychosocial concerns, and end of life issues, progressive illness or complex needs.

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients deemed as having urgent needs (following independent review by a consultant in palliative medicine) because of rapid deterioration or severe symptoms - these were seen immediately by the service.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Palliative Care Outcome Scale - Symptoms
timeFrame: 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Self-reported quality of life
timeFrame: 12 weeks
measure: Impact of MS
timeFrame: 12 weeks
measure: Psychosocial palliative care outcomes
timeFrame: 12 weeks
measure: use of health and social services
timeFrame: 12 weeks
measure: Experience of hospital services
timeFrame: 12 weeks
measure: Carer burden and satisfaction
timeFrame: 12 weeks
measure: Costs (formal and informal)
timeFrame: 12 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: London
country: United Kingdom
facility: King's College Hospital
Study officials:
affiliation: King's College Hospital / King's College London
name: Polly Edmonds, FRCP
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: King's College London
name: Irene J Higginson, BMBS FRCP FFPHM PhD
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
citation: Gruenewald DA, Higginson IJ, Vivat B, Edmonds P, Burman RE. Quality of life measures for the palliative care of people severely affected by multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Mult Scler. 2004 Dec;10(6):690-704. doi: 10.1191/1352458504ms1116rr.
citation: Edmonds P, Vivat B, Burman R, Silber E, Higginson IJ. 'Fighting for everything': service experiences of people severely affected by multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2007 Jun;13(5):660-7. doi: 10.1177/1352458506071789. Epub 2007 Feb 9.
citation: Edmonds P, Vivat B, Burman R, Silber E, Higginson IJ. Loss and change: experiences of people severely affected by multiple sclerosis. Palliat Med. 2007 Mar;21(2):101-7. doi: 10.1177/0269216307076333.
citation: Higginson IJ, Vivat B, Silber E, Saleem T, Burman R, Hart S, Edmonds P. Study protocol: delayed intervention randomised controlled trial within the Medical Research Council (MRC) Framework to assess the effectiveness of a new palliative care service. BMC Palliat Care. 2006 Oct 2;5:7. doi: 10.1186/1472-684X-5-7.
citation: Higginson IJ, Hart S, Burman R, Silber E, Saleem T, Edmonds P. Randomised controlled trial of a new palliative care service: Compliance, recruitment and completeness of follow-up. BMC Palliat Care. 2008 May 28;7:7. doi: 10.1186/1472-684X-7-7.
citation: Higginson IJ, Hart S, Silber E, Burman R, Edmonds P. Symptom prevalence and severity in people severely affected by multiple sclerosis. J Palliat Care. 2006 Autumn;22(3):158-65.
citation: Higginson IJ, Costantini M, Silber E, Burman R, Edmonds P. Evaluation of a new model of short-term palliative care for people severely affected with multiple sclerosis: a randomised fast-track trial to test timing of referral and how long the effect is maintained. Postgrad Med J. 2011 Nov;87(1033):769-75. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2011-130290. Epub 2011 Oct 6.
citation: Higginson IJ, McCrone P, Hart SR, Burman R, Silber E, Edmonds PM. Is short-term palliative care cost-effective in multiple sclerosis? A randomized phase II trial. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2009 Dec;38(6):816-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.07.002.