Clinical trial NCT04560322: Venetoclax-Obinutuzumab +/- Acalabrutinib in R/R CLL
Official title: A Phase 2 Study of MRD Adapted Therapy With Venetoclax-obinutuzumab in Patients With High or Intermediate BALL Risk Relapsed or Refractory CLL, With Addition of Acalabrutinib in Patients Who Fail to Achieve MRD Eradication
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Keywords: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Lead sponsor: Massachusetts General Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Genentech, Inc.
First posted: 2020-09-23
Enrollment: 40
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This research study is studying a combination of drugs as a possible treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL).

The names of the study drugs involved in this study are:

* obinutuzumab
* venetoclax
* acalabrutinib

Detailed description: This research study is a Phase II clinical trial. Phase II clinical trials test the safety and effectiveness of investigational drugs to learn whether the drugs work in treating a specific disease. "Investigational" means that the drugs are being studied.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved \[1\] venetoclax- obinutuzumab and \[2\] acalabrutinib individually as treatment options for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). However, the combination of all 3 drugs has not yet been approved by the FDA.

* Venetoclax is a targeted therapy drug that works by blocking a protein called Bcl-2 in cancer cells. Bcl-2 helps cancer cells survive and resist the effects of cancer treatments. By blocking Bcl-2, venetoclax may kill cancer cells and/or make them more open to the effects of other cancer treatments.
* Obinutuzumab is a drug that targets a protein called CD20, which is found on the surface of B cells, the white blood cells that are affected by CLL. When obinutuzumab attaches to CD20, it directly both destroys the B cells and makes them more "visible" to the immune system. The immune system then attacks and destroys the cancerous B cells.
* Acalabrutinib is a small-molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). BTK is a protein inside of the cell that may be over-expressed in malignant B cells. It is involved in the signaling pathway from the B-cell receptor. BTK inhibition caused by taking acalabrutinib results in decreased malignant B-cell growth and survival.

On this study, participants will receive obinutuzumab and venetoclax. We will monitor for minimal residual disease (MRD) using a test called "Adaptive ClonoSEQ" after treatment with obinutuzumab and venetoclax. MRD is a molecular test, which can detect whether there is any evidence of CLL/SLL in the blood or bone marrow. For participants with detectable MRD despite treatment with obinutuzumab and venetoclax, acalabrutinib will be added with the goal of achieving undetectable MRD. Additionally, for participants who have progressive CLL/SLL despite venetoclax and obinutuzumab, acalabrutinib will be added.

The research study procedures include screening for eligibility, study treatment, end of treatment visit, follow-up visits and an off-study visit.

* Participants will receive study treatment for 2 or 3 years.
* Participants will be followed for 2 years after completion of the study.
* It is expected that 40 people will take part in this research study
* Genentech is supporting this research study by providing venetoclax and obinutuzumab.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of CLL or SLL according to WHO criteria
* Participants must require therapy according to iwCLL 2018 guidelines
* Participants must have ≥ 2 points (high or intermediate risk disease) according to the CLL

BALL Risk Model:

* Beta-2 microglobulin If ≥ 5 mg/L, assign 1 point
* Lactate dehydrogenase If \>institutional upper limit of normal, assign 1 point
* Hemoglobin If \<11 g/dL (female) or \<12 g/dL (male), assign 1 point
* Time from start of last therapy If \<24 months, assign 1 point, If 4 points, patient is high risk, If 2-3 points, patient is intermediate risk, If 0-1 points, patient is low risk

  * Participants must have received prior systemic therapy for CLL
  * Age over 18 years
  * ECOG performance status ≤2 (Karnofsky ≥60%, see Appendix A)
  * Participants must have adequate organ function as defined below:
* total bilirubin ≤2 × institutional upper limit of normal unless considered secondary to Gilbert's syndrome, in which case ≤3 x ULN
* AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) ≤2 × institutional upper limit of normal
* creatinine within normal institutional limits OR
* creatinine clearance ≥30 mL/min according to the Cockcroft-Gault Equation for participants with creatinine levels above institutional normal.

  * Participants must have adequate marrow function as defined below (unless clearly due to disease under study per investigator discretion)
* absolute neutrophil count ≥1,000/mcL
* platelets ≥75,000/mcL OR
* \> 20,000/mcL if thrombocytopenia is clearly due to disease under study (per investigator discretion).

  * For females of childbearing potential, a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days of study treatment
  * For female patients of childbearing potential and male patients with partners of childbearing potential, agreement (by patient and/or partner) to use highly effective form(s) of contraception (i.e., one that results in a low failure rate \[\<1% per year\] when used consistently and correctly) and to continue its use for 90 days after the last dose of acalabrutinib or venetoclax AND for 18 months after the last dose of obinutuzumab (whichever date is later)
  * The reliability of sexual abstinence should be evaluated in relation to the duration of the clinical trial and the preferred and usual lifestyle of the patient. Periodic abstinence (e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, or postovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.
  * Willingness to not donate sperm or oocytes during the entire study treatment period and after treatment discontinuation
  * Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior therapy with a BTK inhibitor (e.g. acalabrutinib) or BCL2 inhibitor (e.g. venetoclax), with the following exception:
* Patients with undetectable MRD by flow cytometry at 10 (peripheral blood or bone marrow) or CR from prior treatment with BCL2 inhibitor (with or without BTK inhibitor) are eligible. Note: Patients who received prior BTK inhibitor therapy alone are not eligible.
* Known hypersensitivity (IgE-mediated) reaction to obinutuzumab or to any of its excipients
* Participants who are receiving any other investigational agents unless authorized by the overall study principal investigator
* Known active histological transformation from CLL to an aggressive lymphoma (i.e., Richter's transformation)
* Active malignancy or systemic therapy for another malignancy within 3 years; local/regional therapy with curative intent such as surgical resection or localized radiation within 3 years of treatment is permitted; active prostate cancer that is considered low-risk and appropriate for continued active surveillance strategy is permitted.
* Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
* Known active bacterial, viral, fungal, mycobacterial, parasitic, or other infection (excluding fungal infections of nail beds) at study enrollment, or any major episode of infection requiring treatment with IV antibiotics or hospitalization (relating to the completion of the course of antibiotics) within 2 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1
* Known bleeding diathesis
* Pregnant women are excluded from this study because the study agents have potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with the study agents, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with study therapy.
* Prior major surgical procedure within 4 weeks of study, or anticipation of need for a major surgical procedure during the course of the study
* Known CNS hemorrhage or stroke within 6 months of the study
* History of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
* History of HIV infection or active hepatitis B (chronic or acute) or hepatitis C infection

  * Patients with occult or prior HBV infection (defined as positive total hepatitis B core antibody \[HBcAb\] and negative HBsAg) may be included if HBV DNA is undetectable. These patients must be willing to take appropriate anti-viral prophylaxis as indicated and undergo monthly DNA testing.
  * Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is negative for HCV RNA
* Congestive heart failure, New York Heart Association classification III/IV
* Clinically significant history of liver disease, including viral or other hepatitis, current alcohol abuse, or cirrhosis
* Receipt of live-virus vaccines within 28 days prior to the initiation of study treatment or need for live-virus vaccines at any time during study treatment
* Known condition or other clinical situation that would affect oral absorption
* Psychiatric illness/social situations that would interfere with study compliance
* Receipt of therapy with strong inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A, CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, within 7 days prior to the first dose of study drug administration
* Consumption of grapefruit, grapefruit products, Seville oranges (including marmalade containing Seville oranges), or star fruit within 3 days prior to the first dose of study drug administration.
* Requires dual antiplatelet therapy or anticoagulation with warfarin

Primary outcomes:
measure: Percentage of participants alive at 1 year
timeFrame: 1 year
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Overall Response Rate
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: Complete response rate
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: Frequency of undetectable minimum residual disease (uMRD) after 12 Months
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: Undetectable MRD rate with addition of acalabrutinib to venetoclax-obinutuzumab among patients who fail to eradicate MRD with venetoclax-obinutuzumab
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Progression-free Survival
timeFrame: 6 years
measure: Overall Survival
timeFrame: 6 years
measure: Number of Participants with Treatment Related Adverse Events as Assessed by CTCAE ver. 5.0.
timeFrame: 6 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
state: Massachusetts
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
state: Massachusetts
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
state: Massachusetts
Study officials:
affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital
name: Jacob D Soumerai, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Soumerai JD, Ni A, Darif M, Londhe A, Xing G, Mun Y, Kay NE, Shanafelt TD, Rabe KG, Byrd JC, Chanan-Khan AA, Furman RR, Hillmen P, Jones J, Seymour JF, Sharman JP, Ferrante L, Mobasher M, Stark T, Reddy V, Dreiling LK, Bhargava P, Howes A, James DF, Zelenetz AD. Prognostic risk score for patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with targeted therapies or chemoimmunotherapy: a retrospective, pooled cohort study with external validations. Lancet Haematol. 2019 Jul;6(7):e366-e374. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(19)30085-7. Epub 2019 May 17.