Clinical trial NCT01989130: Evaluation of Immediate v. Delayed CT/NG Test for Treatment in the ED
Official title: Evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert CT/NG For Management of STI in the ED: Immediate V. Delayed Test Results
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Reproductive Tract Infections
Keywords: antimicrobial stewardship
Cepheid Xpert CT/NG
chlamydia
gonorrhea
emergency department
Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological
Diagnostic Techniques, Urological
Lead sponsor: George Washington University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Cepheid
First posted: 2013-11-20
Enrollment: 70
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: DIAGNOSTIC

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine if immediate availability of GeneXpert® CT/NG test results reduces the overtreatment rate for ED patients with suspected gonorrhea or chlamydia and to assess changes in clinician management decisions with real-time test results.

Detailed description: The investigators will conduct a randomized controlled trial in patients aged 18 and older where the treating clinician is ordering a CT/NG test. Clinicians will be approached by a research assistant while they are in the ED and asked whether a CT/NG swab will be ordered and if CT/NG is in the differential diagnosis. Then, potentially eligible patients will be approached and asked for consent to enroll. For patients that consent, simple randomization procedure (i.e. random number generator) will be used to assign patients to either immediate test results or delayed test results. Typically, in the ED these tests are ordered for diagnostic rather than screening purposes (symptoms of vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, etc). Patients will be randomized to batched testing with the Roche AMPLICOR CT/NG (standard of care, control group) or immediate testing of clinical specimens with Cepheid CT/NG with real-time result reporting (within 90 minutes) to the treating clinician in the ED. Patient interview and clinician survey will be conducted to ascertain perceptions of illness and the test. A follow up interview will be conducted with the patient to determine clinical and public health outcomes.

A validation of the Cepheid CT/NG test will be conducted against the hospital standard of care on \</= 40 pilot participants. Pilot participants will be asked to provide 2 endocervical swabs and a urine specimen. All surveys and interviews will be conducted on pilot patients.

While many outcomes can be measured in this study, the investigators will power this study to reduce the overtreatment rate with antibiotics. Assuming a baseline overtreatment rate of 88% (# treated with antibiotics/# without disease), to reduce this rate by 50% (to 44%), at a power of 80% and alpha of 0.05, the investigators will need to enroll 42 patients (21 controls and 21 study patients) with negative tests. Given an estimated positive rate of 6%, and that approximately 50% of patients who receive these tests for any reason will be treated empirically with antibiotics, the investigators think that enrolling a total of 70 patients with full data (enrollment survey, clinician survey, and follow up survey) would be sufficient to identify trends with this subject matter. Due to the sensitive nature of the subject matter and the high percentages of lost-to-follow up with ED patients, the investigators estimate approximately 50% will have incomplete data. Therefore, the investigators request to enroll 150 patients in the study.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* greater than 18 years
* clinical suspicion of CT/NG
* able to give informed consent
* willingness to wait for test result

Exclusion Criteria:

* less than 18 years
* pregnancy
* prisoners
* unable to give informed consent

Primary outcomes:
measure: Percentage of Participants Prescribed Antibiotic Treatment
timeFrame: one year
measure: Health Utilization
timeFrame: one year
measure: Healthcare Cost
timeFrame: one year
measure: Resolution of Symptoms
timeFrame: one year
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Washington
country: United States
facility: The George Washington University Hospital
state: District of Columbia
Study officials:
affiliation: George Washington University
name: Larissa May, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Andric B, Drowos J, Trepka MJ, Suciu G, Alonso A, Hennekens CH. High frequencies of negative pretreatment results following presumptive antibiotic treatment for chlamydia and gonorrhea. South Med J. 2013 May;106(5):321-6. doi: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e318291b3c2.
citation: Levitt MA, Johnson S, Engelstad L, Montana R, Stewart S. Clinical management of chlamydia and gonorrhea infection in a county teaching emergency department--concerns in overtreatment, undertreatment, and follow-up treatment success. J Emerg Med. 2003 Jul;25(1):7-11. doi: 10.1016/s0736-4679(03)00131-8.
citation: Gaydos CA, Van Der Pol B, Jett-Goheen M, Barnes M, Quinn N, Clark C, Daniel GE, Dixon PB, Hook EW 3rd; CT/NG Study Group. Performance of the Cepheid CT/NG Xpert Rapid PCR Test for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Clin Microbiol. 2013 Jun;51(6):1666-72. doi: 10.1128/JCM.03461-12. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
citation: May L, Ware CE, Jordan JA, Zocchi M, Zatorski C, Ajabnoor Y, Pines JM. A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Treatment of Patients Tested for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea After a Rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction Test Versus Standard of Care Testing. Sex Transm Dis. 2016 May;43(5):290-5. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000438.