Clinical trial NCT06738225: Serum MicroRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer
Official title: Serum MicroRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Conditions: MicroRNAs
Colorectal Cancer
miR-15b
miR-21
Lead sponsor: Assiut University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-12-17
Enrollment: 80
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 75
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients attending assiut university hospital

Brief summary: evaluation the diagnostic value of certain MicroRNAs as biomarkers of Colorectal cancer by comparing its expression levels in Colorectal cancer patients and normal individuals.

Detailed description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second commonest cause of cancer deaths and the third most common cancer worldwide. Five year survival of patients with stage 1 CRC is 92%, and decreases to 10% at stage 4 CRC. So, CRC diagnosing at an early stage is the most important factor influencing disease prognosis. Most CRC patients are diagnosed after being symptomatic, but studies show that once the symptoms are present it mostly signifies late-stage disease. colonoscopic screening of asymptomatic patients has been shown to pick up early-stage CRC. However, this is limited by cost issues and patient attitudes. Therefore, more efforts could be done to view to early diagnosis of CRC in asymptomatic patient. Biomarkers are molecules that can serve as signals of disease activity and pathological processes. CRC biomarkers can help in early diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding molecules that impact the expression of target genes in cell. Also, they exist in highly stable, cell free form in peripheral blood. They are detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Data also shows that certain miRNAs are elevated in the plasma and tissues of CRC patients and decrease in plasma levels after operative treatment. There are over 2000 different miRNAs and they are estimated to regulate 30% of the human genome. miRNA dysregulation is also associated with multiple cancers. miRNAs seem to show significant promise with high sensitivity and specificity for CRC, but with limiting factors of limited data for high risk polyps and significant heterogeneity in test media and non-standardisation of test panels. Further research would be required to bridge these knowledge gaps. Interestingly, miR-15b and miR-21 appears to be the best diagnostic accuracy values for CRC.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults (age 18-75) diagnosed with primary CRC (histopathologically confirmed).
* CRC patients who have not received prior treatment (i.e., chemotherapy or radiation).
* Age-matched healthy controls without colorectal disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with secondary tumors or metastasis originating from non-colorectal sources.
* Patients with prior history of CRC.
* Patients who refuse to contribute in this study.

Primary outcomes:
measure: evaluation the diagnostic value of miRNAs as biomarkers of CRC by comparing its expression levels in CRC patients and normal individuals
timeFrame: baseline
Secondary outcomes:
measure: assessment the correlation between miRNAs expression levels and clinicopathological features such as tumor stage, grade, and metastasis
timeFrame: baseline
measure: evaluation the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs as standalone biomarkers
timeFrame: baseline
Other outcomes:
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