Clinical trial NCT06566976: Prehabilitation and Rehabilitation in PAD
Official title: Prehabilitation and Rehabilitation in PAD: A Randomized Exercise Intervention Trial (PREPARE-IT)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Peripheral Arterial Disease
Lead sponsor: Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
First posted: 2024-08-22
Enrollment: 300
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: To determine the effectiveness of pre and post-operative exercise therapy in patients undergoing peripheral artery stenting for peripheral arterial disease.

Detailed description: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a form of cardiovascular disease that affects the arteries supplying blood flow to the legs. The prevalence of PAD is increasing rapidly in the United States. When PAD is severe, it can cause pain with movement and limit a person's ability to walk or perform their normal daily activities. With severe PAD, a procedure is often performed in which an artery is held open with a small tube called a stent.

Programs of exercise-based rehabilitation have been shown to greatly help these patients in terms of the pain they experience with walking, their ability to perform daily activities or those required by work, and improved quality of life. There is also a newer form of therapy, called prehabilitation, which has been shown to have important benefits for patients with PAD. Prehabilitation involves four to six weeks of exercise therapy and lifestyle recommendations before undergoing a stent procedure. Prehabilitation helps patients improve exercise tolerance and make lifestyle changes that improve risk factors before the procedure. Those who participate in prehabilitation programs have fewer complications with the stent procedure, spend fewer days in the hospital, and have a better ability to exercise and return to work more quickly.

Although the benefits of prehabilitation and rehabilitation are well established, most doctors neglect to recommend these treatments to their patients who undergo a stent procedure for PAD. The research team will study the impact of prehabilitation, rehabilitation or both forms of therapy. The results will likely encourage more doctors to recommend the best option for their patients, and possibly to recommend both prehabilitation and rehabilitation among patients who are having a stent procedure.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or Female adult diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD)
* Experiencing leg pain while walking
* Scheduled to have a stent for PAD
* Able to perform exercise safely
* Postmenopausal and not of child bearing capacity

Exclusion Criteria:

* Medically unstable patients
* Recent MI within 3 months
* Malignancy
* Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HBA1C ≥8 mmol/l)
* Alcoholism or other recreational drug use

Primary outcomes:
measure: Time to claudication pain
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Peak VO2
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: 6-minute walk test (6MWT)
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ)
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Peripheral Artery Questionnaire (PAQ)
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Walking
timeFrame: Up to 22 weeks
measure: Energy expenditure
timeFrame: Up to 22 weeks
measure: Chair raises
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Upper body strength
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Lower body strength
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Hand grip strength
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Insulin sensitivity
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Lipid panel
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Sodium
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Homocysteine
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: D-dimer
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Blood protein
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Albumin
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Calcium
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Potassium
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Chloride
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Carbon dioxide
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: AST/GOTU/l
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: ALT/GPT
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: ALK Phosphatase
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Bilirubin
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Urea Nitrogen
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Creatinine
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: eGFR
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
Other outcomes:
measure: Endothelial function
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Ankle-brachial index (ABI)
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
measure: Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (EBBS)
timeFrame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 14 weeks, 22 weeks
Locations:
city: Palo Alto
country: United States
facility: VA Palo Alto Health Care System
state: California
Study officials:
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citation: Myers J, Dupain M, Vu A, Jaffe A, Smith K, Fonda H, Dalman R. Agreement between activity-monitoring devices during home rehabilitation: a substudy of the AAA STOP trial. J Aging Phys Act. 2014 Jan;22(1):87-95. doi: 10.1123/japa.2012-0133. Epub 2013 Feb 14.
citation: Myers J, Chan K, Chen Y, Lit Y, Patti A, Massaband P, Kiratli BJ, Tamura M, Chertow GM, Rabkin R. Effect of a Home-Based Exercise Program on Indices of Physical Function and Quality of Life in Elderly Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2021;46(2):196-206. doi: 10.1159/000514269. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
citation: ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Exercise Prescription, 9th edition. Baltimore: LW&W, 2021.
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citation: Arena R, Myers J, Williams MA, Gulati M, Kligfield P, Balady GJ, Collins E, Fletcher G; American Heart Association Committee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Nursing. Assessment of functional capacity in clinical and research settings: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Committee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention of the Council on Clinical Cardiology and the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing. Circulation. 2007 Jul 17;116(3):329-43. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.184461. Epub 2007 Jun 18. No abstract available.
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citation: Froelicher V, Myers J. Exercise and the Heart. St Louis, WB Saunders, pp. 249-250, 2006.
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citation: Gardner AW, Montgomery PS, Wang M. Minimal clinically important differences in treadmill, 6-minute walk, and patient-based outcomes following supervised and home-based exercise in peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med. 2018 Aug;23(4):349-357. doi: 10.1177/1358863X18762599. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
citation: McElrath M, Myers J, Chan K, Fonda H. Exercise adherence in the elderly: Experience with abdominal aortic aneurysm simple treatment and prevention. J Vasc Nurs. 2017 Mar;35(1):12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jvn.2016.08.002.
citation: Hallgren KA, Witkiewitz K. Missing data in alcohol clinical trials: a comparison of methods. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2013 Dec;37(12):2152-60. doi: 10.1111/acer.12205. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
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citation: Myers J, Ahnve S, Froelicher V, Livingston M, Jensen D, Abramson I, Sullivan M, Mortara D. A randomized trail of the effects of 1 year of exercise training on computer-measured ST segment displacement in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1984 Dec;4(6):1094-102. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(84)80127-8.
citation: Myers J, Gademan M, Brunner K, Kottman W, Boesch C, Dubach P. Effects of high-intensity training on indices of ventilatory efficiency in chronic heart failure. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2012 Jan-Feb;32(1):9-16. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0b013e3182343bdf.
citation: Myers J, Wagner D, Schertler T, Beer M, Luchinger R, Klein M, Rickli H, Muller P, Mayer K, Schwitter J, Dubach P. Effects of exercise training on left ventricular volumes and function in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy: application of magnetic resonance myocardial tagging. Am Heart J. 2002 Oct;144(4):719-25. doi: 10.1067/mhj.2002.124401.
citation: Dunlay SM, Witt BJ, Allison TG, Hayes SN, Weston SA, Koepsell E, Roger VL. Barriers to participation in cardiac rehabilitation. Am Heart J. 2009 Nov;158(5):852-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.08.010. Epub 2009 Sep 29.
citation: Sun V, Raz DJ, Kim JY, Melstrom L, Hite S, Varatkar G, Fong Y. Barriers and facilitators of adherence to a perioperative physical activity intervention for older adults with cancer and their family caregivers. J Geriatr Oncol. 2020 Mar;11(2):256-262. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.06.003. Epub 2019 Jun 14.
citation: Birtwistle SB, Jones I, Murphy R, Gee I, Watson PM. Family support for physical activity post-myocardial infarction: A qualitative study exploring the perceptions of cardiac rehabilitation practitioners. Nurs Health Sci. 2021 Mar;23(1):227-236. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12806. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
citation: Arena R, Williams M, Forman DE, Cahalin LP, Coke L, Myers J, Hamm L, Kris-Etherton P, Humphrey R, Bittner V, Lavie CJ; American Heart Association Exercise, Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism. Increasing referral and participation rates to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: the valuable role of healthcare professionals in the inpatient and home health settings: a science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012 Mar 13;125(10):1321-9. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e318246b1e5. Epub 2012 Jan 30. No abstract available.
citation: Treat-Jacobson D, McDermott MM, Bronas UG, Campia U, Collins TC, Criqui MH, Gardner AW, Hiatt WR, Regensteiner JG, Rich K; American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing. Optimal Exercise Programs for Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2019 Jan 22;139(4):e10-e33. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000623. No abstract available.
citation: American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures (Writing Committee to Develop Clinical Performance Measures for Cardiac Rehabilitation); Thomas RJ, King M, Lui K, Oldridge N, Pina IL, Spertus J. AACVPR/ACCF/AHA 2010 Update: Performance Measures on Cardiac Rehabilitation for Referral to Cardiac Rehabilitation/Secondary Prevention Services Endorsed by the American College of Chest Physicians, the American College of Sports Medicine, the American Physical Therapy Association, the Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation, the Clinical Exercise Physiology Association, the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, the Inter-American Heart Foundation, the National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists, the Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Sep 28;56(14):1159-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.06.006. No abstract available.
citation: Dubach P, Myers J, Dziekan G, Goebbels U, Reinhart W, Vogt P, Ratti R, Muller P, Miettunen R, Buser P. Effect of exercise training on myocardial remodeling in patients with reduced left ventricular function after myocardial infarction: application of magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation. 1997 Apr 15;95(8):2060-7. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.95.8.2060.
citation: Dubach P, Myers J, Dziekan G, Goebbels U, Reinhart W, Muller P, Buser P, Stulz P, Vogt P, Ratti R. Effect of high intensity exercise training on central hemodynamic responses to exercise in men with reduced left ventricular function. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997 Jun;29(7):1591-8. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(97)82540-5.
citation: Myers J, Fonda H, Vasanawala M, Chung K, Segall G, Chan K, Nguyen P. PCI Alternative Using Sustained Exercise (PAUSE): Rationale and trial design. Contemp Clin Trials. 2019 Apr;79:37-43. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.02.010. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
citation: Campbell EB, Delgadillo M, Lazzeroni LC, Louras PN, Myers J, Yesavage J, Fairchild JK. Cognitive Improvement Following Physical Exercise and Cognitive Training Intervention for Older Adults With MCI. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2023 Mar 1;78(3):554-560. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glac189.
citation: Moore CS, Myers J, Yesavage JA, Fairchild JK. Ventilatory efficiency is associated with memory decay in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Submitted, 2022
citation: Moore CS, Myers J, Yesavage JA, Fairchild JK. Assessment of physical activity in older adults with cognitive impairment. Submitted, 2022
citation: Fairchild JK, Myers J, Louras P, Jo B, McNerney MW, Salehi A, Hallmayer J, Yesavage J. A Combined physical and cognitive training program for veterans with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized clinical trial. Submitted, 2022.