Clinical trial NCT06509672: Combined Effects of Plyometric and Endurance Training Among Female Hockey Players
Official title: Combined Effects of Plyometric and Endurance Training on Speed, Agility and Strength Among Female Hockey Players
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Plyometric Exercise
Endurance Training
Hockey
Keywords: Plyometric training
Endurance training
Hockey players
Lead sponsor: Riphah International University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-07-19
Enrollment: 30
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 24
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: randomized clinical trial
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: Athletes need plyometric training as well as endurance training to enhance their speed, strength and agility in the field. Plyometric exercise involves stretching the muscle immediately before making a rapid concentric contraction. The combined action is commonly called a stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). Similar gains of maximal strength have been reported with traditional strength and plyometric training, but the latter approach appears to induce greater gains in muscle power. The combination of balance and muscle strength/power exercises seems to be an appropriate possibility, since both modalities induced adaptation on the neuromuscular level. A blocked combination of balance and muscle strength exercises effectively improve physical performance, and improvements in performance are more pronounced if balance exercises are followed by strength exercises than vice versa.

Detailed description: Strength and endurance training are often done concurrently by fitness enthusiasts and athletes. Concurrent strength and endurance training however, result in "antagonism" of the training responses. Combined strength and endurance training in previously untrained subjects has developed strength impairment in comparison to strength training alone, whereas endurance development, expressed as increases in maximal aerobic power has not been impaired. A combination of some forms of strength and endurance training maybe "addictive" rather than antagonistic. Some endurance training programs have increases strength and muscle fiber size. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted. Non-probability convenient sampling technique will be used. Study will be carried in hockey clubs at Lahore. Only female players of age 18-24 with one year experience in hockey, only players who will participate in all training sessions will be included in the statistical analysis. Participants with the history of systemic disease, with history of lower extremity and lumber spine pathology, with prior surgery history and participants having injuries resulting in loss of one or more hockey matches/ training sessions in the preceding three months prior to the initiation of the study will be excluded. Three groups will be included in the study each containing 10 participants. Group A will be given plyometric training for 12 weeks, Group B will be given endurance training for 12 weeks and Group C will be given both trainings for 12 weeks. Pre-training values will be taken prior training. Mid-training values will be taken after 6 weeks of training and post-training values will be taken after training.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Only female hockey players

  * Age 18-24 years
  * Athletes with at least one year experience in hockey
  * Athletes must be without previous experience in intense strength/endurance training
  * Only players who will participate in at all training sessions will be included in the statistical analysis

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants having injuries resulting in loss of one or more hockey matches/ training sessions in the preceding three months prior to the initiation of the study
* Participants with the history of systemic disease
* Participants with history of lower extremity and lumber spine pathology
* Participants with prior surgery history

Primary outcomes:
measure: Speed
timeFrame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
measure: Agility
timeFrame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
measure: Strength
timeFrame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Lahore
country: Pakistan
facility: Pakistan Sports Academy
Study officials:
affiliation: Riphah International University
name: Awishbah Khan
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Chelly MS, Ghenem MA, Abid K, Hermassi S, Tabka Z, Shephard RJ. Effects of in-season short-term plyometric training program on leg power, jump- and sprint performance of soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Oct;24(10):2670-6. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e2728f.
citation: Sale DG, Jacobs I, MacDougall JD, Garner S. Comparison of two regimens of concurrent strength and endurance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Jun;22(3):348-56.
citation: Muehlbauer T, Wagner V, Brueckner D, Schedler S, Schwiertz G, Kiss R, Hagen M. Effects of a blocked versus an alternated sequence of balance and plyometric training on physical performance in youth soccer players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2019 Sep 2;11:18. doi: 10.1186/s13102-019-0131-y. eCollection 2019.
citation: Markov A, Hauser L, Chaabene H. Effects of Concurrent Strength and Endurance Training on Measures of Physical Fitness in Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2023 Feb;53(2):437-455. doi: 10.1007/s40279-022-01764-2. Epub 2022 Oct 12.
citation: Aloui G, Souhail H, Hayes LD, Bouhafs EG, Chelly MS, Schwesig R. Effects of Combined Plyometric and Short Sprints Training on Athletic Performance of Male U19 Soccer Players. Front Psychol. 2021 Sep 15;12:714016. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.714016. eCollection 2021.