Clinical trial NCT02491814: The Effect of Dairy and Non-dairy Alternatives on Satiety and Post-meal Glycemia in Healthy Young Adults
Official title: The Effect of Commercially-available Dairy and Non-dairy Alternatives When Consumed With a High Glycemic Cereal on Subjective Appetite Ratings and Post-meal Glycemia in Healthy Young Adults
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Diabetes
Obesity
Keywords: Dairy
Breakfast cereal
Postprandial Glycemia
Satiety
Food Intake
Milk
Yogurt
Soy
Almond
Lead sponsor: University of Toronto
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Dairy Farmers of Canada
First posted: 2015-07-08
Enrollment: 28
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 20
Maximum age (years): 30
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: This study investigates the effects of commercially-available dairy (1% cow's milk and yogurt beverage) and non-dairy alternatives (almond and soy beverages) on satiety and post-meal blood glucose. Each participant will receive every treatment in this crossover design study.

Detailed description: Regular consumption of dairy is associated with better body composition and lower incidences of type 2 diabetes and obesity. This may be due to dairy's ability to increase satiety and decrease post-prandial glycemia. However, most clinical studies have only investigated isolated dairy proteins (whey and casein) and the effects of whole dairy products remains unclear. Additionally, as non-dairy alternatives are becoming more popular there is interest to see if they can elicit similar benefits as dairy. Therefore, this study will test the effects of commercially-available dairy and non-dairy beverages when consumed with cereal at breakfast time.

Thirty healthy young males and females (20-30 years, BMI 20.0-24.9 kg/m2) will be recruited for the randomized, unblinded, crossover study. Participants will fast overnight, and at baseline will consume 250 mL of 1% milk, soy beverage, almond beverage, yogurt beverage, or water with 54 g of Cheerios cereal. At 0 (baseline), 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120 minutes (pre-meal period) 140, and 170 minutes (post-meal period) blood will be collected for glucose analysis and subjective appetite ratings completed. Insulin will be analyzed every 30 minutes and for the last two timepoints. Between 120-140 minutes, an ad libitum lunch will be provided to assess food intake.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy BMI (20.0 - 24.9 kg/m2)
* Females with regular monthly menstrual cycles

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes
* Fasting blood glucose higher than 5.8 mmol/L
* Pregnancy
* Medications
* Smoking
* Lactose intolerance or allergies to milk, soy, or almonds
* Elite athletes
* Those trying to lose or gain weight
* Breakfast skippers and those on an energy-restricted diet
* Score equal to or higher than 11 on Eating Habits Questionnaire

Primary outcomes:
measure: Blood Glucose
timeFrame: 0-170 minutes
measure: Subjective Appetite
timeFrame: 0-170 minutes
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Insulin
timeFrame: 0-170 minutes
measure: Food Intake
timeFrame: 120-140 minutes
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Toronto
country: Canada
facility: Department of Nutritional Sciences, FitzGerald Building
state: Ontario
Study officials:
affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto
name: G. Harvey Anderson, Ph.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: