Clinical trial NCT01735994: Efficacy of the Female Athlete Body Project (FAB)
Official title: Healthy Weight Intervention in Female Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Eating Disorders
Female Athlete Triad
Keywords: Eating disorders
body image
female athletes
female athlete triad
eating disorder prevention
cluster randomization
risk factors
prevention
Lead sponsor: Pennington Biomedical Research Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
First posted: 2012-11-28
Enrollment: 481
Sex: FEMALE
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: Given the cost of treating eating disorders and the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with these disorders, prevention of eating disorders has considerable public health significance. Female athletes represent an important population for prevention due to their risk for the Female Athlete Triad, which includes inadequate energy intake, irregular or cessation of menses, and osteoporosis. The proposed randomized controlled trial will provide important information regarding the efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility of implementing a brief eating disorder prevention and healthy living program within an existing social system of female athletes.

Detailed description: Research supports the use of a Healthy Weight (HW) program targeting small lifestyle modifications in the prevention of ED onset and in reducing ED risk factors. Studies show that HW can be tailored for specific social systems (e.g., sororities) which can facilitate dissemination and that undergraduate peer-leaders can implement these programs. Interventions that can be administered affordably by endogenous providers are more likely to be disseminated, as indicated by the large scale dissemination of a peer-led ED prevention program by a national sorority. Another target social system for dissemination of ED prevention is collegiate athletics. Research suggests that disordered eating among female athletes is prevalent, and that this group is at greater, or at least equal, risk for developing EDs as non-athlete females. Disordered eating is especially dangerous in female athletes because it increases risk for the Female Athlete Triad (i.e., low energy availability/disordered eating, menstrual disorders, and decreased bone mineral density/osteoporosis) and subsequent injury. Moreover, the triad puts athletes at risk for serious long-term health consequences, such as osteoporosis, reproductive disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Despite this, efforts aimed at prevention of EDs among this group remain surprisingly limited. A pilot study with female athletes suggests that a modified version of HW can be successfully implemented by peer-leaders within the constraints of a competitive athletics program with positive effects at 12 month follow-up. The proposed study is to evaluate a randomized controlled trial of the HW intervention among female athletes. 500 female collegiate athletes from three sites will be randomized to either the HW prevention program or a brochure waitlist control condition using group (cluster) randomization based on teams. Participants will complete surveys and telephone interviews at pretest, posttest, and at 6 and 12 month follow-ups. The investigators will examine; (1) the efficacy of HW in reducing empirically supported ED risk factors relative to a waitlist brochure control condition at one year, (2) whether HW impacts secondary outcomes, including knowledge and identification of the female athlete triad, treatment seeking for the triad, affect, and health care utilization, and (3) whether positive effects for HW replicate the effects from the pilot study at one year and 18 months for the HW condition only. Based on previous promising findings, the department of athletics involved in the study have chosen to implement HW to all athletics teams on a mandatory basis on a staggered schedule. Given that it is unethical to require human subjects to participate in research, the proposed study (i.e., the study) must be separated from the program (i.e., the athlete prevention program) it aims to assess. Thus, the overall study will evaluate (via assessment measures) the program that the departments of athletics deliver at three sites, i.e. LSU, TU/IW, and AU.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Female
* Member of a University-sponsored athletic team,
* Are willing and able to provide informed consent, attend all study visits, and comply with the study protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

* None

Primary outcomes:
measure: Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q)
timeFrame: 18 months
measure: Number of Subjective and Objective Binge Episodes as Measured by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q)
timeFrame: 18 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Secondary Outcomes
timeFrame: 18 months
measure: Secondary Outcomes - BMI
timeFrame: 18 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Baton Rouge
country: United States
facility: Pennington Biomedical Research Center
state: Louisiana
Study officials:
affiliation: Pennington Biomedical
name: Tiffany M Stewart, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Stewart TM, Pollard T, Hildebrandt T, Beyl R, Wesley N, Kilpela LS, Becker CB. The Female Athlete Body (FAB) study: Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics. Contemp Clin Trials. 2017 Sep;60:63-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.06.005. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
citation: Stewart TM, Pollard T, Hildebrandt T, Wesley NY, Kilpela LS, Becker CB. The Female Athlete Body project study: 18-month outcomes in eating disorder symptoms and risk factors. Int J Eat Disord. 2019 Nov;52(11):1291-1300. doi: 10.1002/eat.23145. Epub 2019 Jul 27.
citation: Stewart T, Kilpela L, Wesley N, Baule K, Becker C. Psychometric properties of the contextual body image questionnaire for athletes: a replication and extension study in female collegiate athletes. J Eat Disord. 2021 May 5;9(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s40337-021-00414-8.