Clinical trial NCT02568995: Pain Management Following Total Hip Arthroplasty
Official title: Postoperative Pain Management Following Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Comparison Between Local Infiltration Analgesia and Ultrasound Guided 3-in-1 Block
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Postoperative Pain Intensity
Rescue Pain Requirements
Keywords: postoperative pain
morphine
total hip arthroplasty
femoral nerve block
Lead sponsor: Örebro University, Sweden
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2015-10-06
Enrollment: 55
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common and standardized procedure. Postoperative mortality after hip joint replacement is low but some complications remain, including chronic post-surgical pain (1), hip dislocation (2), infection (3), and deep vein thrombosis (4). Strategies that have been identified to reduce morbidity and mortality include: posterior surgical approach, mechanical and pharmacological prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis, and the use of spinal anesthesia (5). One of the important factors for patient satisfaction with lower limb arthroplasty is good postoperative pain management (6). Poorly managed postoperative pain can lead to chronic post-surgical pain and therefore aggressive postoperative pain management is important (7). Several different methods have been used to treat postoperative pain following THA. Recently, local infiltration analgesia (LIA) using a combination of large volume local anesthetics (LA) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID) injected systematically peri-articularly has been used for pain management with variable success (8). We found that better analgesia could be achieved when using LIA compared to intrathecal morphine during the first few days postoperatively (9,10).

Ultrasound techniques are commonly used for peripheral nerve blocks and have been shown to reduce pain intensity and may be considered by many to be a standard of care. Specifically, the 3-in-1 block has been commonly used because of its ease of application and good pain management following total hip arthroplasty. The present study aims to compare postoperative pain intensity following local infiltration analgesia with a standardised 3-in-1 block for total hip arthroplasty.

Detailed description: Sixty ASA I-II patients undergoing THA would be randomised to one of two groups in a double-blind study:

Group LIA: A total of 151.5 ml of a combination of 0.2% ropivacaine (150 ml), 30 mg ketorolac (1 ml) and 0.5 mg (0.5 ml) adrenaline was administered systematically peri-articularly during THA and 30 ml of normal saline for ultrasound-guided 3-in-1 block Group Femoral block: Received 30 ml of ropivacaine 0,75% for ultrasound-guided 3-in-1 block and a total of 151.5 ml of normal saline peri-articularly.

All patients would receive spinal anaesthesia with 0.5% heavy bupivacaine for surgery

Postoperatively, the following parameters would be measured:

1. Pain intensity at fixed time intervals during 0-7 days and thereafter at weekly intervals for 1 month
2. Rescue morphine consumption during 0-4, 4-24 and 24-48 h
3. Side effects and complications
4. Home readiness and length of hospital stay
5. Chronic pain intensity measured after 3 and 6 months using the Brief Pain Inventory
6. Plasma Cytokine concentration at fixed intervals
7. Motor block using Bromage scale
8. EQ5D and HOOS questionnaires

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* 40-80 years
* ASA I-II
* THA operation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Chronic pain requiring opiates
* Language constraints preventing completion of the study
* Contraindications to regional block

Primary outcomes:
measure: Pain intensity
timeFrame: 24 h
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Rescue analgesic consumption
timeFrame: 0-24 h
measure: Chronic pain
timeFrame: 3-6 months
measure: Inflammation
timeFrame: Preoperative to 3-5 days postoperatively
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Solna
country: Sweden
facility: Karolinskasjukhuset
city: Örebro
country: Sweden
facility: University Hospital
city: Örebro
country: Sweden
facility: Örebro University Hospital
Study officials:
References: