Clinical trial NCT02368262: Prevalence of Incontinence and Risk Factors in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Official title: Prevalence of Incontinence and Risk Factors in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Urinary Incontinence
Keywords: Cerebral Palsy
Risk factors
Child
urinary incontinence
Lead sponsor: University Hospital, Ghent
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2015-02-23
Enrollment: 79
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 5
Maximum age (years): 12
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Children with CP: Cerebral palsy Reference Centre (Ghent university hospital) Incontinent children with normal development: Urology department (Ghent university hospital) continent children with normal development: community sample

Brief summary: This study evaluates (risk)factors influencing (in)continence in children with and without a brain injury.

Detailed description: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) (Rosenbaum, 2007) gain bladder and bowel control at older age compared to typical developing children (Ozturk, 2006). The incidence of urinary incontinence during day and night, fecal incontinence and constipation is higher in this population.

Incontinence in children is often treated with urotherapy. This is a nonsurgical, nonpharmacological treatment for lower urinary tract dysfunctions. Standard urotherapy is noninterventional and it includes giving information, instructions, advice regarding life-style, fluid intake and bladder diaries. Additionally specific interventions can be used, such as: various forms of pelvic floor training, behavioral modification, biofeedback, electrical stimulation and catheterization (Neveus, 2006). Recent research has proven urotherapy to be successful for the treatment of children with daytime incontinence (Mulders, 2010).

Despite the high prevalence of incontinence in children with CP the possible treatment strategies in this population are poorly investigated. Far too often, urinary incontinence in children with CP is considered a normal, unavoidable and even a minor problem.

Aim: Analyze (risk) factors influencing (in)continence in children with and without CP.

Possible parameters will be registered through questioning, measurement (uroflow combined with pelvic floor EMG and postmictional residue) and retrospective analysis of the patient files. Parameters will be compared between continent and incontinent children with and without CP. This comparison evaluates whether the same therapeutic strategies can be applied in incontinent children with and without CP.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Daytime urinary incontinence with or without enuresis and/or fecal incontinence (Groups with incontinence)
* No urinary or fecal incontinence (Groups without incontinence)
* Cerebral palsy (Groups with children with CP)
* Normal development (Groups with children without CP)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Isolated urinary tract infections
* Isolated enuresis
* Isolated dysfunctional voiding
* Isolated fecal incontinence
* Anatomical abnormalities
* History of genitourinary or renal surgery
* Medication for incontinence during the last 3 months
* Pelvic reeducation during the last 6 months
* Other neurologic problems influencing continence

Primary outcomes:
measure: Risk factors
timeFrame: Cross-sectional
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Ghent
country: Belgium
facility: University Hospital, Ghent
Study officials:
affiliation: University Hospital, Ghent
name: Erik Van Laecke, PhD MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: