Clinical trial NCT05963295: Toxoplasma Gondii Infection in Both Children and Adult Patients With Hematological Malignancies
Official title: Toxoplasma Gondii Infection in Both Children and Adult Patients With Hematological Malignancies
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Toxoplasmosis
Lead sponsor: Sohag University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-07-27
Enrollment: 50
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 3
Maximum age (years): 70
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: SCREENING

Brief summary: Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases caused by the obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii. It affects up to one-third of the world's population Horizontal transmission is mostly caused by ingestion of tissue cysts in infected meat, or through consumption of food or drink contaminated with sporulated oocysts, while vertical transmission occurs due to primary acquired maternal infection throughout pregnancy.In immunocompetent hosts, acquired infection is asymptomatic in more than 80% of cases, or is associated with fever,cervical lymphadenopathy, or myalgia.

In immunocompromised patients,toxoplasmosis is always life-threatening where toxoplasmic encephalitis is the most important presentation. Among those patients, the disease may be caused by a newly acquired infection, reactivation following cyst rupture, donation of a cyst-containing organ from a seropositive donor to a seronegative recipient, or reactivation of dormant infection in the recipient Patients with hematological malignancy (HM), including those with acute myelogenous leukemia, and those who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or treated with aggressive immunosuppressive regimens are at high risk of opportunistic infections The association between toxoplasmosis and cancers remains dual. Most cancer patients are in a state of impaired cellular and humoral immune systems either from the primary disease, or from chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy administration. Chemotherapeutic drugs work by killing both fast growing cancer cells, and healthy white blood cells causing neutropenia. So, patients receiving chemotherapy are more susceptible to Toxoplasma infections.

Many studies have reported that the rate of reactivation of a latent T. gondii infection was higher in different types of cancers particularly those of the eye, brain, blood and breast. On the other side, T. gondii was also implicated as possible oncogenic pathogen with suggested role in induction and progression of malignant diseases. This was explained by many theories such as preventing apoptosis, enhancing the motility of dendritic cells and macrophages.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* This study will be conducted on a group of patients who are diagnosed as have hematological malignancies

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with other non hematological malignancies.

Primary outcomes:
measure: toxoplasma IgG
timeFrame: 1 year
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Sohag
country: Egypt
facility: Sohag university Hospital
Study officials:
References:
citation: Elzeny H, Mohamed W, Daef E, El-Badawy O, Shaaban L, Osman NS, Hadiya S, Aly S. Detection of multiple extensively-drug resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae clones from patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in Egypt. J Med Microbiol. 2023 Jun;72(6). doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001701.
citation: Dupont D, Fricker-Hidalgo H, Brenier-Pinchart MP, Garnaud C, Wallon M, Pelloux H. Serology for Toxoplasma in Immunocompromised Patients: Still Useful? Trends Parasitol. 2021 Mar;37(3):205-213. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.09.006. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
citation: Anvari D, Sharif M, Sarvi S, Aghayan SA, Gholami S, Pagheh AS, Hosseini SA, Saberi R, Chegeni TN, Hosseininejad Z, Daryani A. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog. 2019 Apr;129:30-42. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.040. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
citation: Kalantari N, Gorgani-Firouzjaee T, Hassani S, Chehrazi M, Ghaffari S. Association between Toxoplasma gondii exposure and hematological malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog. 2020 Nov;148:104440. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104440. Epub 2020 Aug 19.