Clinical trial NCT01807572: Relation of Consummatory and Anticipatory Food Reward to Obesity
Official title: Relation of Consummatory and Anticipatory Food Reward to Obesity
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Weight Gain
Food Habits
Lead sponsor: Oregon Research Institute
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
First posted: 2013-03-08
Enrollment: 162
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 14
Maximum age (years): 16
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Participants will be 140 lean adolescents at risk for obesity (by virtue of having two obese parents) and 40 lean adolescents with two lean parents. Participants will range in age from 14-16 and be recruited from high schools.

Brief summary: Obesity is associated with increased risk for mortality, atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, colorectal cancer, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, gallbladder disease, and diabetes mellitus, resulting in over 111,000 deaths annually in the United States ). In the US, 65% of adults are overweight or obese. Unfortunately, the treatment of choice for obesity (behavioral weight loss treatment) only results in a 10% reduction in body weight on average and most patients regain this weight within a few years. Further, most obesity prevention programs do not reduce risk for future weight gain. The limited success of treatment and prevention interventions may be due to an incomplete understanding of the processes that increase risk for obesity. Recent data suggest that obese adults show abnormalities in reward from food intake and anticipated food intake relative to lean adults, but the precise nature of these abnormalities is unclear and it has not been established whether these abnormalities predate obesity onset or are a consequence. It is vital to elucidate risk factors for obesity onset to advance understanding of etiological processes and determine the content of prevention and treatment programs.

The goals of this study are to (1) determine whether adolescents at high-risk for obesity, by virtue of having two obese parents, show abnormalities in reward from food intake (consummatory food reward) and anticipated reward from food intake (anticipatory food reward) compared to adolescents who are at low-risk for obesity, (2) determine whether abnormalities in consummatory and anticipatory food reward increase risk for weight gain and obesity onset, (3) examine moderators that may amplify the relations of consummatory and anticipatory food reward to unhealthy weight gain, and (4) examine changes in consummatory and anticipatory food reward in those participants who show obesity onset relative to those not showing obesity onset. Each of these goals is described in more detail below.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* We will require that adolescents have age- and sex- adjusted standardized body mass index (BMI) scores between the 25th and 75th percentile at baseline for inclusion.
* Low risk youth: Lean parents will have a BMI between 18 and 25.
* High risk youth: Obese parents will have a BMI value of greater than 30.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Students who report contraindicators of fMRI (e.g., metal implants, braces, or pregnancy).
* Current major psychiatric disorders (including substance use disorders, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, ADHD, major depression, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, or generalized anxiety disorder)
* Current use of analgesics and other psychoactive drugs (e.g., cocaine)
* Serious medical complications (e.g., diabetes)
* Relevant food allergies
* Current smoking
* Current weight loss dieting

Primary outcomes:
measure: Test whether high-risk youth show abnormalities in consummatory and anticipatory food reward relative to low-risk youth
timeFrame: up to 3 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Test the hypothesis that individuals showing abnormalities in anticipatory and consummatory food reward are at increased risk for future weight gain and obesity onset over a 3-year follow-up
timeFrame: up to 3 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Eugene
country: United States
facility: Oregon Research Institute
state: Oregon
Study officials:
affiliation: Oregon Research Institute
name: Eric Stice, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Winter SR, Yokum S, Stice E, Osipowicz K, Lowe MR. Elevated reward response to receipt of palatable food predicts future weight variability in healthy-weight adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Apr;105(4):781-789. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.141143. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
citation: Burger KS, Stice E. Elevated energy intake is correlated with hyperresponsivity in attentional, gustatory, and reward brain regions while anticipating palatable food receipt. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jun;97(6):1188-94. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.055285. Epub 2013 Apr 17.