Clinical trial NCT05951582: The Effects of Plyometric on Physical Fitness and Technical Skills of Football Players
Official title: The Effect of Plyometric Exercises on Physical Fitness and Technical Skills of Football Players
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Physical Fitness and Technical Skills
Keywords: Plyometrics, physical fitness, technical skill and football.
Lead sponsor: Riphah International University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-07-19
Enrollment: 32
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 32
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Brief summary: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of plyometric exercises on the physical fitness and technical skills of football players in Quetta, Baluchistan

Detailed description: Football (soccer) is a popular sport that is played both competitively and recreationally. It is acknowledged as a repeated exercise involving both aerobic and anaerobic metabolic systems (Beato et al., 2018). Youth are especially passionate about the sport (Di Salvo et al., 2006), being the fourth most popular sport for females in high schools and the fifth most popular sport for men (Brown, 2014). Football players spend the most of their time on the pitch, where there is a high risk of injury because it is a contact sport. Football players need to be both physically and mentally fit to manage the tremendous demands of the game, which call for exceptional levels of memory, planning, focus, and other mental abilities. On the other hand, having good balance is necessary for both a successful sporting career and the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries. (Sheppard \& Young, 2006) Plyometric, also known as jump training, has gained significant recognition as a valuable training method for enhancing physical fitness and technical skills in football players. This specialized form of exercise involves explosive movements that activate fast-twitch muscle fibers, which are essential for producing the quick bursts of power required for running, jumping, and changing directions during game-play (Slimani, Chamari, Miarka, Del Vecchio, \& Chéour, 2016). Plyometric workouts promote muscular growth and boost the ability to maintain high-intensity activities throughout a match because they put the muscles through repeated, powerful contractions. Football players can sustain their optimum performance level. Plyometric workouts require precise body control and coordination, which directly translate to improved balance and agility on the pitch. These abilities are necessary for football players to move through crowded spaces, evade opponents, and perform challenging maneuvers with grace (Markovic \& Mikulic, 2010).

Athletes can use plyometric workouts to develop their lower-body strength, power, coordination, and agility. Examples include horizontal jumps over hurdles, standing long jumps, split squat jumps, diagonal jumps, 180-degree cone hops, and sprints while skipping. Athletes can thrive in sports that involve quick changes in direction by using these workouts, which are created to stress particular muscle groups and movement patterns. (Behm \& Chaouachi, 2011)Plyometric exercise promotes agility which is crucial skill, allowing them to change direction rapidly while maintaining control and balance, by improving neuromuscular coordination and muscular power, leading to quicker and more precise movement execution. (Miller et al., 2006)Exercises such as lateral bounds, cone drills, and ladder drills are commonly used in plyometric training to enhance agility (Markovic \& Mikulic, 2010).

Football players are more formidable in both offensive and defensive situations because to plyometric activities that boost the legs' explosive power and vertical leap. Football players who have improved their agility, balance, and jumping skills have a competitive advantage that allows them to excel in key situations and dramatically advance their team's chances of winning. (Faude, Koch, \& Meyer, 2012) Plyometric training simulates these demands by promoting the development of fast-twitch muscle fibers, increasing reactive strength, and improving the ability to produce force quickly (Slimani et al., 2016). Additionally, plyometric exercises deliver an SSTS (sport-specific training stimulus) that closely mimics the motions made on a football pitch. Rather than taking a broad view of physical fitness and technical football skills, most previous study has focused on individual physical fitness components such as power or speed(Little, Williams, \& Research, 2005). More research is needed to fully comprehend the impact of plyometric training on various aspects of physical fitness and technical football ability. Previous studies did not fully comprehend the potential benefits of plyometric training on football players' overall performance. That 'why this study is conducted to evaluate the effects of plyometric on physical as well technical skill among football players.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants falling in this category would be recruited into the study.

  1. Male football player
  2. Age between 18-32 years

Exclusion Criteria:

Participant failing to fall in this category would be excluded of the study.

1. History of metabolic diseases.
2. History of recent fractures.
3. History of trauma / injury in last month

Primary outcomes:
measure: Anaerobic Endurance
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Lower Extrmity Strength
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: 3-hop test (Lower Extrimity Power)
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Aerobic Fitness
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Speed and Agility
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Agility
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Ability to control and manipulate the ball using their head
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Instep Juglling the Football Skill
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Footbal Driblling Skills
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: ability to maintain control of the ball while dribbling
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Passing and receiving accuracy
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Ability to Generate Power and Accuracy
timeFrame: 8 weeks
measure: Ability to Execute Accurate and Powerful Long-Distance Passes
timeFrame: 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Quetta
country: Pakistan
facility: Rehabilitation Department, Sheikh Muhammad bin Zayyed Al-Nahyan Institute of Cardiology, Quetta
state: Balochistan
Study officials:
affiliation: Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University
name: Waqar A Awan, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Rehabilitation Department, Shaikh Muhammad Bin Zayyed Al-Nahyan Institute of Cardiology, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
name: Asim A Rehman, DPT
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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