Clinical trial NCT04768023: 12 Weeks Vitamin D Supplementation and Physical Activity in PD Patients With DBS
Official title: Influence of 12 Weeks Vitamin D Supplementation Combined With Physical Activity on Blood and Functional Parameters and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease Patients Treated With Deep Brain Stimulation
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Vitamin D Deficiency
Parkinson Disease
Keywords: parkinson's disease
deep brain stimulation
vitamin D
physical activity
functional tests
homocysteine
inflammatory markers
kynurenine pathway
Lead sponsor: Medical University of Gdansk
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2021-02-24
Enrollment: 50
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Maximum age (years): 90
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: FACTORIAL
Primary purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Brief summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequently appearing neurodegenerative disease. It is a progressive disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and affects around 1% of people over 60 years old. During the progression decline of substantia nigra and deficits of dopamine are observed. The diagnosis is usually based on the motor symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, muscle stiffness, and postural instability. Common intercurrent symptoms are psychiatric problems like depression or dementia (1). Pharmacotherapy, for example, L-dopa or deep brain stimulation (DBS) are usually used to reduce the motor symptoms (2).

From many years the influence of insufficient vitamin D3 levels in human is investigated. In recent publications it was proved that the deficiency of vitamin D3 may lead to generation of reactive oxygen species that influence negatively on mitochondria. That may lead to increased muscle atrophy (3,4). Deficiency of vitamin D3 may be also connected with depression, dementia or the progression of neurodegenerative diseases (5). Moreover, recently studies proved that PD patients have low concentration of serum vitamin D3 (5), increased serum homocysteine (6) and abnormalities in kynurenine pathway (7).

It has beed proved that many forms of physical activity in PD patients improves mobility, static and dynamic balance but also may reduce the non-motor symptoms (8,9).

Detailed description: Participants will be divided randomly into 2 groups: a control group and supplemented group.

Supplementation will last for 12 weeks.

Supplementation of vitamin D3 will be based on the participants Body Mass Index (BMI). The BMI will be measured by using the TANITA scale. The doses will be as followed: for BMI under 25 - 4000 International Units (IU)/day, for BMI between 25 and 30 - 5000 IU/day, and for BMI over 30 - 6000 IU/day. The placebo and control group will receive matching placebo treatment. Vitamin D3 as well as placebo will be in the same bottles with no labels on them.

Participants will be prompted to do 3500 steps per day in the first week of the research and finish the research with making 8000 per day. Participants will be obligated to measure the amount of steps by their phones.

There will be three meetings with the participants. On the first one there will be blood collection, participants will obtain questionnaires, about their daily activity and diet, to complete at home. Participants will have to sign the agreement of taking part in the research and perform functional tests. Also they will get their first supplementation bottles. On the second one the questionnaires will be collected, functional tests will be performed and supplementation will be replenished. On the third one the blood will be collected for the second time and functional tests will be performed again.

The questionnaire about daily activity will be International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form.

The questionnaire about diet will be "Kwestionariusz QEB opracowany przez Zespół Behawioralnych Uwarunkowań Żywienia, Komitet Nauki o Żywieniu Człowieka, PAN". (Only polish version is available)

The blood will be collected into test tubes with clot activator, then centrifuged at 4000×g for 10 min at 4oC. The obtained serum samples will be stored in dark at -80oC until the analysis.

Investigators want to measure the changes in concentrations in blood of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH D3), vitamin D3 binding protein, homocysteine, calcium, parathormone, interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-15 (IL-15), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), serotonin, and the chosen markers of kynurenine pathway.

The functional tests will be assessed: 6 minute walk test (6MWT), test up\&go (TUG) and 10 m walk test (10MWT). All tests will be performed in the on-phase of their usual anti-PD medications. All tests will be explained and demonstrated before they will be taken. If the first attempt will go well participant will follow to the next one. If any mistake will appear, participant will wait for a minute and try again. During every meeting the procedure of each test will be remind to the participants.

The 6MWT will be administered in a 15m line at the corridor. Participants will be instructed to go back and forth along without running the 15m line as far as they can in 6 min. The total distance will be measured after 6 min.

In TUG participants will be supposed to stand up from the chair, walk 3m, turn around, go back to the chair and sit down as fast as they can without running.

In 10MWT investigators will measure the time which takes the participants to walk through 10m form standing position.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* agreement to take part in a research,
* Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) treatment,
* willingness to work.

Exclusion Criteria:

* supplementation of vitamin D before the research,
* serious comorbidity (like tumour, cerebrovascular disease, cardiorespiratory compromise, forced dementia).

Primary outcomes:
measure: The effects of vitamin D supplementation and physical activity on concentration of vitamin D3 in serum - the evaluation of changes before and after 12 weeks of supplementation and physical activity
timeFrame: The outcome measure will be assessed up to 1 year after the last participant will go under the second collection of blood.
measure: The effects of vitamin D supplementation and physical activity on concentration of inflammatory markers in serum - the evaluation of changes before and after 12 weeks of supplementation and physical activity
timeFrame: The outcome measure will be assessed up to 1 year after the last participant will go under the second collection of blood.
measure: The effects of vitamin D supplementation and physical activity on concentration of CRP in serum - the evaluation of changes before and after 12 weeks of supplementation and physical activity
timeFrame: The outcome measure will be assessed up to 1 year after the last participant will go under the second collection of blood.
measure: The effects of vitamin D supplementation and physical activity on the 6 minute walk test - the evaluation of changes before and after 6 and 12 weeks of supplementation and physical activity
timeFrame: The outcome measure will be estimated up to 1 year after the last participant will perform the test on the last intervention.
measure: The effects of vitamin D supplementation and physical activity on the Test Up & Go and 10 meter walk test - the evaluation of changes before and after 6 weeks of supplementation and after 12 weeks of supplementation and physical activity
timeFrame: The outcome measure will be estimated up to 1 year after the last participant will perform the test on the last intervention.
measure: The effects of vitamin D supplementation and physical activity on concentration of kynurenine pathway metabolites in serum - the evaluation of changes before and after 12 weeks of supplementation and physical activity
timeFrame: The outcome measure will be assessed up to 1 year after the last participant will go under the second collection of blood.
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Gdańsk
country: Poland
facility: Medical University of Gdansk
Study officials:
affiliation: Medical University of Gdansk
name: Zofia K Bytowska, MSc
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Pludowski P, Holick MF, Grant WB, Konstantynowicz J, Mascarenhas MR, Haq A, Povoroznyuk V, Balatska N, Barbosa AP, Karonova T, Rudenka E, Misiorowski W, Zakharova I, Rudenka A, Lukaszkiewicz J, Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Laszcz N, Abramowicz P, Bhattoa HP, Wimalawansa SJ. Vitamin D supplementation guidelines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2018 Jan;175:125-135. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.01.021. Epub 2017 Feb 12.
citation: Licking N, Murchison C, Cholerton B, Zabetian CP, Hu SC, Montine TJ, Peterson-Hiller AL, Chung KA, Edwards K, Leverenz JB, Quinn JF. Homocysteine and cognitive function in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2017 Nov;44:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.08.005. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
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