Clinical trial NCT05374681: Efficacy of a Minimally Invasive Therapy Adjuvant to the Standards of Care by Cyanoacrylate Embolization
Official title: LEADH: Efficacy of a Minimally Invasive Therapy Adjuvant to the Standards of Care by Cyanoacrylate Embolization : Liquid Embolic Agent for the Treatment of Chronic subDural Hematoma a Randomized Control Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Keywords: Cyanoacrylate
Embolization
Middle meningeal artery
Recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma
Lead sponsor: University Hospital, Brest
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2022-05-16
Enrollment: 550
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: Chronic subdural hematomas (CSH) are collections of blood in the subdural space. CSH are becoming the most common cranial neurosurgical condition among adults, and a significant public health problem, due to an increasing use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medication in an ageing population. Symptomatic CSH, or CSH with a significant mass effect, are treated surgically. However, recurrences are common (10 to 20%). Conservative management (medical) is used in patients who are asymptomatic or have minor symptoms. However, therapeutic failures, requiring surgical treatment, are common. The pathophysiology of CSH involves inflammation, angiogenesis, and clotting dysfunction. Self-perpetuation and rebleeding is thought to be caused by neo-membranes from the inflammatory remodeling of the dura-mater mainly fed by the distal branches of the middle meningeal artery (MMA). There are 13 ongoing registered RCTs in CSH, with the most common covering application of steroids, surgical techniques and tranexamic acid. Further to this, there are trials running on other pharmacological agents, and peri-operative management. Some industrial or academic trials are or will enroll in France in the next year in France. But to our best knowledge, none of these trials will the eventual benefits of the MMA embolization in both cases of medical and/or surgical management, and none will focus on the use of cyanoacrylates (CYA) for this purpose.

Preliminary case series and nonrandomized retrospective studies have suggested that MMA embolization alone or as adjuvant therapy to surgery can decrease recurrences.

The investigators hypothesize that in both conditions of conservative or surgical managements, endovascular embolization of patients with CSH significantly reduces the risk of recurrence of CSH. The investigators choose the CYA as liquid embolic agent because of the pain and cost of the use of Ethylen Vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) agents and its simplicity to be used.

Detailed description: * Indication of surgical or conservative management will be decided by the neurosurgeon.
* Experimental arm:

CSH requiring hematoma removal will be surgically managed with a surgical technique applied depending on the surgeon's discretion.

Medical management will be adopted according to neurosurgeons habits. MMA embolization (on the CSH side or bilaterally if necessary) in the Experimental Arms will be performed with Cyanoacrylates and preferentially using conscious sedation or local anesthesia.

• Control arm: CSH requiring hematoma removal will be surgically managed with a surgical technique applied depending on the surgeon's discretion.

Medical management will be adopted according to neurosurgeons habits

• Primary and secondary end points will be assessed at 2 months+/- 1 month and assessed at 6 +/- 2 months. The blind items will be the mRS and the RACE score. The volume of the CSH will be semi-automatically assessed using the ABC/2 method and the estimated maximal thickness of the CSH on axial images.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient with a more than 10 mm CSH confirmed by NCCT
* CSH localized to convexity
* Patient aged 18 years or more at the time of the enrollment
* Patient beneficiary from health insurance

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any contraindication as required per angiogram procedure (severe renal failure, allergy...)
* Pre-existing severe disability resulting in baseline mRS score \> 3
* Life expectancy of less than 6 months due to another cause than CSH
* Patient under legal protection or deprived of liberty by a judicial or administrative decision
* Pregnant or breastfeeding women

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of CSH recurrence defined by the composite endpoint
timeFrame: At 6 month
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number of symptomatic CSH during the FU period
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Number of secondary surgical management during the FU period
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Number of remaining or reaccumulated hematoma on NCCT
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Clinical efficacy
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Clinical efficacy
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Clinical efficacy
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Clinical efficacy
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Clinical efficacy
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Success rate of the embolization (success = technical success of the procedure. Failure of the procedure = total or partial (catheterization, injection, other)).
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Complication rate of the embolization
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Volumetry of the CSH, calculated by the ABC/2 method.
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Maximum thickness of the CSH in mm.
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Comparison of the rate of AE in both groups
timeFrame: At 6 month
measure: Comparison of the rate of SAE in both groups
timeFrame: At 6 month
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Amiens
country: France
facility: CHU Amiens-Picardie
city: Bordeaux
country: France
facility: CHU Bordeaux
city: Brest
country: France
facility: CHU Brest
city: Caen
country: France
facility: CHU Caen
city: Nancy
country: France
facility: CHU Nancy
city: Nantes
country: France
facility: CHU Nantes
city: Paris
country: France
facility: Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière
city: Tours
country: France
facility: CHU Tours
city: Fort-de-France
country: Martinique
facility: CHU Martinique
Study officials:
References: