Clinical trial NCT03155412: Adipose Tissue Expandability and Type 2 Diabetes
Official title: Limited Adipose Tissue Expandability as a Risk Factor for Development of Type 2 Diabetes: the Role of Preadipocytes
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Type2 Diabetes Mellitus
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes
adipose tissue
preadipocytes
expandability
hypertrophy
hyperplasia
lipogenesis
adipogenesis
insulin sensitivity
Lead sponsor: Charles University, Czech Republic
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-05-16
Enrollment: 44
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 30
Maximum age (years): 45
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: 50 healthy lean men (age 30-45, BMI \<26). Two groups of subjects (n=25) matched for BMI, fat mass and age.

Brief summary: The goal of the study is to analyze deviations in adipogenic potential and metabolic properties of preadipocytes in subjects with genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes, and thus identify factors that underlie hypertrophic growth of adipose tissue associated with the development of this disease.

Detailed description: Adipose tissue (AT) expands in response to excessive energy intake by hyperplasia or hypertrophy. While hyperplasia is associated with preservation of insulin sensitivity, hypertrophic AT exerts a number of metabolic defects. The mechanisms by which hyperplasia is suppressed at the expense of AT hypertrophy remain unknown, but it is expected that the hypertrophy of adipocytes is primarily driven by insufficient recruitment and differentiation of available preadipocytes. The limitation of hyperplasia occurs already in non-obese healthy subjects who are genetically predisposed to Type 2 Diabetes. Using these and control subjects, the LIMEX project aims to analyze the mechanisms of AT expandability. The project will combine in vivo characterization of AT and in vitro studies on human preadipocytes derived from AT biopsies obtained during clinical study. In vitro, proliferation, adipogenesis and lipogenesis of adipose cells will be monitored and these properties will be related to the degree of AT hypertrophy in vivo, insulin sensitivity and genetic predisposition to metabolic complications.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* healthy non-obese men
* subject has genetic predisposition for T2DM- i.e. two first-degree relatives (parents, siblings) or one first-degree relative and two second-degree relatives with type 2 diabetes (grandparents, uncle, aunt) diagnosed with T2DM OR
* subject without any family history of T2DM.

Exclusion Criteria:

* any prior history of obesity
* elevated triglyceride concentration (above 1.7 mmol/l)
* hypertension
* thyroid or other endocrine disease
* smoking
* drug abuse

Primary outcomes:
measure: Adipogenic capacity of preadipocytes
timeFrame: 3 months from the establishment of the cell culture
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Insulin sensitivity
timeFrame: 3 hours investigation of the subject at the start of the study
measure: Glucose tolerance
timeFrame: 2 hours investigation of the subject at the start of the study
measure: Lipid metabolism
timeFrame: 3 months from the establishment of the cell culture
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Prague
country: Czechia
facility: Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University
Study officials:
affiliation: Third faculty of medicine, Charles University in Prague
name: Vladimir Stich, prof
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Guilherme A, Virbasius JV, Puri V, Czech MP. Adipocyte dysfunctions linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008 May;9(5):367-77. doi: 10.1038/nrm2391.
citation: Lu Q, Li M, Zou Y, Cao T. Induction of adipocyte hyperplasia in subcutaneous fat depot alleviated type 2 diabetes symptoms in obese mice. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Jul;22(7):1623-31. doi: 10.1002/oby.20705. Epub 2014 Feb 11.
citation: Alligier M, Gabert L, Meugnier E, Lambert-Porcheron S, Chanseaume E, Pilleul F, Debard C, Sauvinet V, Morio B, Vidal-Puig A, Vidal H, Laville M. Visceral fat accumulation during lipid overfeeding is related to subcutaneous adipose tissue characteristics in healthy men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Feb;98(2):802-10. doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-3289. Epub 2013 Jan 2.
citation: Medina-Gomez G, Gray SL, Yetukuri L, Shimomura K, Virtue S, Campbell M, Curtis RK, Jimenez-Linan M, Blount M, Yeo GS, Lopez M, Seppanen-Laakso T, Ashcroft FM, Oresic M, Vidal-Puig A. PPAR gamma 2 prevents lipotoxicity by controlling adipose tissue expandability and peripheral lipid metabolism. PLoS Genet. 2007 Apr 27;3(4):e64. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030064.
citation: Rossmeislova L, Malisova L, Kracmerova J, Tencerova M, Kovacova Z, Koc M, Siklova-Vitkova M, Viquerie N, Langin D, Stich V. Weight loss improves the adipogenic capacity of human preadipocytes and modulates their secretory profile. Diabetes. 2013 Jun;62(6):1990-5. doi: 10.2337/db12-0986. Epub 2013 Feb 1.
citation: Koc M, Siklova M, Sramkova V, Stepan M, Krauzova E, Stich V, Rossmeislova L. Signs of Deregulated Gene Expression Are Present in Both CD14+ and CD14- PBMC From Non-Obese Men With Family History of T2DM. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 15;11:582732. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.582732. eCollection 2020.