Clinical trial NCT05975060: A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of an (Omicron Subvariant) COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose in Previously Vaccinated Participants and Unvaccinated Participants.
Official title: A Phase 2/3 Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of an XBB.1.5 (Omicron Subvariant) SARS CoV-2 rS Vaccine Booster Dose in Previously mRNA COVID 19 Vaccinated and Baseline SARS CoV 2 Seropositive COVID-19 Vaccine Naïve Participants
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE2
PHASE3
Conditions: COVID-19
Keywords: COVID-19, XBB.1.5
Lead sponsor: Novavax
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2023-08-03
Enrollment: 660
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 54
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: This is a Phase 2/3 open-label study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a booster dose of the XBB.1.5 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recombinant (r) spike (S) protein nanoparticle vaccine (SARS-CoV-2 rS) adjuvanted with Matrix-M™ in previously mRNA COVID-19 vaccinated adult participants ≥18 years of age and baseline SARS CoV-2 seropositive COVID-19 vaccine naïve participants ≥18 years of age.

Detailed description: Novavax, Inc. developed a recombinant prototype COVID-19 vaccine constructed from the full-length ancestral (Wuhan) SARS CoV-2 S glycoprotein (GP) adjuvanted with the saponin-based Matrix-M adjuvant (NVX-CoV2373). Subsequently, the SARS CoV 2 Omicron variant and subvariants emerged with enhanced transmissibility and the most significant number of mutations in any strain to date. Current evidence demonstrates that variant strain mutations such as those in the Omicron XBB.1.5 sublineage confer the ability to evade both natural and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies.

Part 1 of the study aims to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of the Novavax XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 rS vaccine (NVX-CoV2601) adjuvanted with Matrix-M in previously COVID-19 mRNA vaccinated participants to determine if it induces superior antibody responses compared to a historical control of the prototype vaccine (original Wuhan strain), NVX-CoV2373.

Part 2 of the study aims to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of 1 dose of NVX CoV2601 in baseline SARS-CoV-2 seropositive COVID-19 vaccine naïve participants to determine if it induces non-inferior antibody responses compared to 1 booster dose of NVX-CoV2601 in previously COVID-19 mRNA vaccinated individuals participating in Part 1.

Part 1:

Approximately 330 previously mRNA COVID-19 vaccinated participants will receive a booster dose of XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant vaccine (NVX-CoV2601) on Day 0. Immunogenicity and 28-day safety data will be used for an interim analysis, while participants remain on the study for immunogenicity and safety data collection up to Day 180 post-vaccination.

Part 2:

After completion of Part 1, approximately 330 unvaccinated participants with a clinical history of COVID-19-like disease during the previous year will receive a booster dose of NVX-CoV2601 on Day 0. Immunogenicity and 28-day safety data will be used for an interim analysis, while participants remain on the study for immunogenicity and safety data collection up to Day 180 post vaccination.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adults ≥ 18 years of age at time of study vaccination.
2. Part 1: Previously vaccinated with ≥ 3 doses of the Moderna and/or Pfizer /BioNTech prototype monovalent and/or BA.4/5 containing bivalent COVID-19 vaccines with the last dose administered ≥ 90 days prior to study vaccination.

   Part 2: Clinical history of COVID-19-like disease during the previous year.
3. Willing and able to give informed consent prior to study enrollment and to comply with study procedures.
4. Female participants of childbearing potential (defined as any participant who has experienced menarche and who is NOT surgically sterile \[ie, hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy\] or postmenopausal \[defined as amenorrhea ≥ 12 consecutive months\]) must agree to be heterosexually in-active from at least 28 days prior to enrollment and through the end of the study OR agree to consistently use a medically acceptable method of contraception listed below from ≥ 28 days prior to enrollment and through the end of the study.

   1. Condoms (male or female) with spermicide (if acceptable in country)
   2. Diaphragm with spermicide
   3. Cervical cap with spermicide
   4. Intrauterine device
   5. Oral or patch contraceptives
   6. Norplant®, Depo-Provera®, or other in country regulatory approved contraceptive method that is designed to protect against pregnancy.
   7. Abstinence, as a form of contraception, is acceptable if in line with the participant's lifestyle NOTE: Periodic abstinence (eg, calendar, ovulation, sympto-thermal, post-ovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.
5. Is medically stable, as determined by the investigator (based on review of health status, vital signs \[to include body temperature\], medical history, and physical examination \[to include body weight\]). Vital signs must be within medically acceptable ranges prior to study vaccination.
6. Agrees to not participate in any research involving receipt of investigational products (drug/biologic/device) including other SARS-CoV-2 prevention or treatment trials for the duration of the study.

NOTE: For participants who become hospitalized with COVID-19, participation in investigational treatment studies is permitted.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Received COVID-19 vaccines other than Moderna and/or Pfizer-BioNTech in the past, inclusive of clinical trial COVID-19 vaccines.
2. Participation in research involving receipt of investigational products (drug/biologic/device) within 90 days prior to study vaccination (Day 0).
3. Received influenza vaccination within 14 days prior to study vaccination, or any other vaccine within 30 days prior to study vaccination.
4. Any known allergies to products contained in the investigational product.
5. Any history of anaphylaxis to any prior vaccine.
6. Autoimmune or immunodeficiency disease/condition (iatrogenic or congenital) requiring ongoing immunomodulatory therapy.

   NOTE: Stable endocrine disorders (eg, thyroiditis, pancreatitis), including stable diabetes mellitus with no history of diabetic ketoacidosis are NOT excluded.
7. Chronic administration (defined as \> 14 continuous days) of immunosuppressant, systemic glucocorti-coids, or other immune-modifying drugs within 90 days prior to study vaccination (Day 0).

   NOTE: An immunosuppressant dose of glucocorticoid is defined as a systemic dose ≥ 10 mg of prednisone per day or equivalent. The use of topical or intranasal glucocorticoids is permitted. Topical tacrolimus and ocular cyclosporin are permitted. Use of inhaled glucocorticoids is prohibited.
8. Received any prohibited medication (see Section 7.4.1), immunoglobulin, blood-derived products, or immunosuppressant drugs within 90 days prior to study vaccination (Day 0).
9. Active cancer (malignancy) on chemotherapy within 3 years prior to first study vaccination (with the exception of adequately treated non-melanomatous skin carcinoma or lentigo malign and uterine cervical carcinoma in situ without evidence of disease, at the discretion of the investigator).
10. Participants who are breastfeeding, pregnant, or who plan to become pregnant prior to the end of study.
11. Suspected or known history of alcohol abuse or drug addiction within 2 years prior to study vaccination that, in the opinion of the investigator, might interfere with protocol compliance.
12. Any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would pose a health risk to the participant if enrolled or could interfere with evaluation of the study vaccine or interpretation of study results (includ-ing neurologic or psychiatric conditions likely to impair the quality of safety reporting).
13. Study team member or immediate family member of any study team member (inclusive of Sponsor, clinical research organization \[CRO\], and study site personnel involved in the conduct or planning of the study).
14. Known history of myocarditis or pericarditis.
15. Respiratory symptoms in the past 3 days (ie, cough, sore throat, difficulty breathing).
16. Temperature of \> 38°C within 24 hours of planned study vaccination (site measured or participant meas-ured).
17. Blood pressure of ≥ 160/100 mmHg.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Part 1: Pseudovirus neutralization (inhibitory dilution at a concentration of 50%; ID 50 ) to the NVX-CoV2601 vaccine
timeFrame: Day 28
measure: Part 1: Seroresponse Rates (SRRs) in ID 50 titers to the NVXCoV2601 vaccine
timeFrame: Day 28
measure: Part 2: SRRs in ID 50 titers to the XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant
timeFrame: Day 28
measure: Part 2: ID 50 (Geometric Mean Titers) GMTs to the XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant
timeFrame: Day 28
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Part 1: Pseudovirus neutralization (inhibitory dilution at a concentration of 50%; ID50) to the NVX-CoV2601 vaccine
timeFrame: Day 28
measure: Part 1: ID 50 GMTs to the XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 180
measure: Part 1: ID 50 geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) to the XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant at relevant time points (Days 28 and 180) from baseline (Day 0).
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 180
measure: Part 1: SRRs in ID 50 titer concentrations to the XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant at relevant time points.
timeFrame: Day 28 to Day 180
measure: Part 1: Anti-S immunoglobulin G (IgG) geometric mean concentrations (GMCs, EU/mL) to the NVX-CoV2601 vaccine at relevant time points
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 180
measure: Part 1: Incidence and severity of solicited local and systemic adverse events (AEs)
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 7
measure: Part 1: Incidence and severity of unsolicited AEs
timeFrame: Day 28
measure: Part 1: Incidence and severity of MAAEs attributed to study vaccine, adverse events of special interest (AESIs), and serious adverse events (SAEs)
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 180
measure: Part 2: Pseudovirus neutralization (ID 50 ) to the XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 28
measure: Part 2: Incidence and severity of solicited local and systemic adverse events (AEs)
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 7
measure: Part 2: Incidence, and severity of unsolicited AEs
timeFrame: Day 28
measure: Part 2: Incidence and severity of MAAEs, AESIs, and SAEs
timeFrame: Day 0 to Day 180
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Mobile
country: United States
facility: AMR
state: Alabama
city: Sacramento
country: United States
facility: Benchmark Research
state: California
city: Colorado Springs
country: United States
facility: Lynn Institute of the Rockies
state: Colorado
city: Coral Gables
country: United States
facility: AMR LLC-Miami
state: Florida
city: Fort Myers
country: United States
facility: AMR
state: Florida
city: Jupiter
country: United States
facility: Health Awareness,LLC
state: Florida
city: Lawrenceville
country: United States
facility: Tekton Research
state: Georgia
city: Newton
country: United States
facility: Alliance for Multispecialty RSCH
state: Kansas
city: Wichita
country: United States
facility: Tekton Research
state: Kansas
city: New Orleans
country: United States
facility: AMR New Orleans
state: Louisiana
city: Baltimore
country: United States
facility: University of Maryland
state: Maryland
city: Kansas City
country: United States
facility: AMR
state: Missouri
city: Saint Louis
country: United States
facility: Sundance Clinical Research
state: Missouri
city: Norfolk
country: United States
facility: Velocity Clinical Research
state: Nebraska
city: Las Vegas
country: United States
facility: AMR
state: Nevada
city: Albuquerque
country: United States
facility: AXCES Research
state: New Mexico
city: Rochester
country: United States
facility: Rochester Clinical Research
state: New York
city: Yukon
country: United States
facility: Tekton Research
state: Oklahoma
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: DM Clinical Research
state: Pennsylvania
city: Knoxville
country: United States
facility: AMR
state: Tennessee
city: Austin
country: United States
facility: Benchmark Research
state: Texas
city: Austin
country: United States
facility: Tekton Research
state: Texas
city: Beaumont
country: United States
facility: Tekton Research
state: Texas
city: Brownsville
country: United States
facility: Pan American clinical Research,LLC
state: Texas
city: Fort Worth
country: United States
facility: Benchmark Research
state: Texas
city: Plano
country: United States
facility: Research For Your Health
state: Texas
city: San Antonio
country: United States
facility: Tekton Research
state: Texas
city: Layton
country: United States
facility: AMR Layton Research Centre
state: Utah
city: Newport News
country: United States
facility: Health Research of Hampton Roads
state: Virginia
city: Seattle
country: United States
facility: University of Washington
state: Washington
Study officials:
affiliation: Novavax, Inc.
name: Clinical Development
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References: