Clinical trial NCT00446862: The Fabrazyme® and Arbs and ACE Inhibitor Treatment (FAACET) Study
Official title: Multi-center, Open-label Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Control of Proteinuria With ACE Inhibitors and ARBS in Patients With Fabry Disease Who Are Receiving Fabrazyme®: The FAACET Study
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Fabry Disease
Proteinuria
Keywords: Definition: Fabry disease
Definition: Progression
Definition: MDRD GFR
Definition: Chronic Kidney Disease
Definition: Proteinuria
Definition: Enzyme Replacement Therapy
Definition: Anti-proteinuric therapy
Lead sponsor: University of Alabama at Birmingham
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2007-03-13
Enrollment: 36
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 19
Maximum age (years): 85
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of Fabry disease, who are receiving enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase beta

Brief summary: The primary hypothesis is that titration of ACE inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)to reduce urine protein excretion to \< 500 mg per day in Fabry Patients receiving agalsidase beta therapy at 1 mg/kg every two weeks will slow the progression rate of decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) compared to case controls drawn from the Genzyme-sponsored Phase III extension study (GFR 60 to 125 ml/min/1.73 m², urine protein \> 1 gram/day) or the Phase IV study (GFR 20 to 60 ml/min/1.73 m², urine protein \> 0.5 gram/day). After a 3 month initial Evaluation Phase, the patients will be followed during a 24 month Observation Phase. FAACET is an open label, prospective observational study. The primary objective is reduction of first morning urine protein/creatinine ratio to \< 0.5 gram/gram. The primary outcome measure is the regression slope of MDRD GFR with time in years

Detailed description: TITLE: FABRAZYME® + ARBS + ACE INHIBITOR TREATMENT (FAACET) STUDY Multi-center, Open-label Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Control of Proteinuria with Angiotensin Receptors Blockers (ARBs) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) in Patients with Fabry Disease Who Are Receiving Fabrazyme®.

PROTOCOL NO. UAB NEPHROLOGY 001-2006 SPONSOR: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 NAME OF FINISHED PRODUCTS: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, Fabrazyme® INVESTIGATOR/STUDY CENTERS: Fourteen (14) study sites worldwide PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To determine whether decline of GFR can be slowed by titrating ACEI/ARB anti-proteinuric therapy to target urine protein/creatinine ratio of ≤ 0.5, or 50% reduction from baseline, in Fabry patients with significant kidney involvement (20 ≤ eGFRMDRD ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m²), and baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 0.5 (based on the last value obtained before initiating ACEI/ARB therapy or obtained at screening before the first Evaluation Visit of the FAACET Study), who are receiving standard of care treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), and Fabry disease.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES

1. To determine whether urine protein/creatinine ratio ≤ 0.5, or ≥ 50% reduction from baseline, can safely be achieved in Fabry patients with ACEI/ARB therapy.
2. To determine whether urine protein/creatinine ratio ≤ 0. 5, or ≥ 50% reduction from baseline, result in a slower rate of GFR decline compared to patients who cannot achieve this target.
3. To determine if GFR decline can be slowed by titrating ACEI/ARB therapy to target urine protein/creatinine ratio ≤ 0.5, or 50% reduction from baseline, in Fabry patients with definite kidney involvement (125 ≥ eGFRMDRD ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m²), and baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 1.0 (based on the last value obtained before initiating ACEI/ARB therapy or obtained at screening before the first Evaluation Visit of the FAACET Study) who are receiving standard of care treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), and Fabry disease.

METHODOLOGY This will be a multi-center, multinational, open-label study to confirm the safety and the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors and ARBs against proteinuria in patients with advanced Fabry disease who are receiving Fabrazyme® at 1 mg/kg every other week. Following an initial 3-month Evaluation Period, during which ACEI/ARB therapy will be titrated to reduce urinary protein/creatinine ratio to a target of 0.5, or 50% of baseline level, the patients will be followed for 24 months in an Observation Period with continued monitoring of their eGFRMDRD and protein excretion every 3 monthly for 24 months. ACEI/ARB therapy will continue to be titrated to maintain the proteinuria target in the Observation Period. The baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio is defined as the last value obtained in the individual patient before they began any ACEI/ARB therapy.

STUDY SITES: 40 patients will be enrolled in the FAACET Study at 14 Study Sites.

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

The patient must provide written, informed consent, and be ≥ 19 yrs of age. The patient is already receiving Fabrazyme® at 1 mg/kg every two weeks at the time of enrollment.

Patient has confirmed Fabry disease (plasma αGAL activity of \< 1.5 nmol/hr/mL, or leukocyte αGAL activity of \< 4 nmol/hr/mg), or a known mutation compatible with Fabry disease.

Patients with either:

1. eGFRMDRD ≥ 20 and ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, and documented baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 0.5, based on the last value obtained before initiating ACEI/ARB therapy or obtained at screening before the first Evaluation Visit of the FAACET Study; or
2. eGFRMDRD ≤ 125 ml/min/1.73 m2 and \> 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 with documented baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 1, based on the last value obtained before initiating ACEI/ARB therapy or obtained at screening before the first Evaluation Visit of the FAACET Study.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

The patient has undergone kidney transplantation or is currently on dialysis, or is planning on receiving a kidney transplant during the first year of the study.

The patient has diabetic nephropathy or the presence of another, confounding kidney disease unless there is kidney biopsy confirmation that the patient does not have diabetic nephropathy or another, confounding kidney disease.

The patient has a clinically significant organic disease, or other condition that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude participation in the full extent of the trial.

The patient is unwilling to comply with the requirements of the protocol, including continuing on Fabrazyme® at 1 mg/kg body weight every two weeks.

Patients who have documented allergies to ACE inhibitors and to ARBs are not eligible to participate in the FAACET Study.

The patient is pregnant or intends to become pregnant during the course of the study.

TREATMENT REGIMEN During the Evaluation Period, the patients will be titrated with ACEI/ARBs to reduce their first morning urine protein/creatinine ratio to ≤ 0.5, or 50% of the baseline level. During the Observation Period, the ACEI/ARB therapy will be dose-adjusted, as tolerated, to maintain their urine protein/creatinine ratio at target level. Patients will continue to receive Fabrazyme® intravenously every 2 weeks throughout the study. Unless there is a compelling clinical indication, patients in the FAACET study should avoid all potentially nephrotoxic agents (e.g., NSAIDs, aminoglycoside antibiotics, X-ray contrast agents, etc.) STUDY DURATION: 3 month Evaluation Period, followed by 24-month Observation Period.

CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION Efficacy: Change in renal function will be assessed with the eGFRMDRD for the FAACET patients, and compared to the Phase IV patient population (AGAL008 and AGAL025) to assess the additional impact of ACEI/ARB therapy on the decline in eGFRMDRD in patients receiving Fabrazyme® therapy. Patients who every received Fabrazyme for at least 12 months in AGAL008/AGAL025 or Phase III/extension study will be included in the Control Cohorts: a). if eGFRMDRD ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m² and urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 0.5 at Baseline before initiating treatment with Fabrazyme®, OR b). Baseline eGFRMDRD ≤ 125 and ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m², and urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 1.0 at Baseline before initiating treatment with Fabrazyme®. These patients will be used in analyses for comparison to the FAACET Study patients based on their characteristics before initiating Fabrazyme®.

Safety: Safety will be monitored in terms of adverse experiences, vital sign parameters, physical examinations, laboratory safety parameters, concomitant medications and antibody formation.

DSMP and DSMB: A Data Safety Monitoring Plan has been developed for the FAACET Study, and the Steering Committee will assume the responsibilities usually attributed to a Data Safety Monitoring Board. A summary log will be kept of all adverse events reported to the UAB IRB.

STATISTICAL METHODS Efficacy: The primary efficacy analysis will be the change in renal function assessed as eGFRMDRD for the patient group that reaches and maintains their urine protein/creatinine ratio ≤ 0.5, or ≤ 50% of their baseline, to assess the impact of ACEI/ARB therapy on decline of eGFRMDRD in patients receiving Fabrazyme® therapy. A secondary efficacy analysis will be carried out on the change in eGFRMDRD for the patient group that cannot maintain their urine protein/creatinine ratio ≤ 0.5, or less than 50% of their baseline. The Phase III/Phase III extension and Phase IV/Phase IV extension patients, who met the Criteria for evaluation listed above, will serve as the Control Cohorts for comparison to the FAACET patients in the various analyses.

The Control Cohort will be defined a priori before FAACET enrollment begins. The age, gender, baseline eGFRMDRD, systolic blood pressure, and baseline proteinuria, as well as duration of Fabrazyme® therapy versus the appropriate mixed models with random slopes for individual patients. The mixed model analyses will be adjusted as needed for the covariates assumed to be most important in determining the rate of decline in kidney function (i.e. age, gender, baseline eGFRMDRD, systolic blood pressure, baseline proteinuria, and duration of Fabrazyme® therapy).

Safety: Adverse events and serious adverse events will be summarized by body system and preferred term using a standardized coding dictionary (MedDRA). The severity and relationship of treatment to adverse events will be summarized. Clinically significant laboratory values, and physical exam findings will be summarized. Overall antibody status, including seroconversion rates, and titer levels will be summarized. Concomitant medications will be detailed at each study visit.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* The patient must provide written, informed consent, and be ≥ 19 yrs of age.
* The patient is already receiving Fabrazyme® at 1 mg/kg every two weeks at the time of enrollment.
* Patient has confirmed Fabry disease (plasma αGAL activity of \< 1.5 nmol/hr/mL, or leukocyte αGAL activity of \< 4 nmol/hr/mg), or a known mutation compatible with Fabry disease.
* Patients with either:

  1. eGFRMDRD ≥ 20 and ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, and documented baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 0.5, based on the last value obtained before initiating ACEI/ARB therapy or obtained at screening before the first Evaluation Visit of the FAACET Study; or
  2. eGFRMDRD ≤ 125 ml/min/1.73 m2 and \> 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 with documented baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio \> 1, based on the last value obtained before initiating ACEI/ARB therapy or obtained at screening before the first Evaluation Visit of the FAACET Study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The patient has undergone kidney transplantation or is currently on dialysis, or is planning on receiving a kidney transplant during the first year of the study.
* The patient has diabetic nephropathy or the presence of another, confounding kidney disease unless there is kidney biopsy confirmation that the patient does not have diabetic nephropathy or another, confounding kidney disease.
* The patient has a clinically significant organic disease, or other condition that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude participation in the full extent of the trial.
* The patient is unwilling to comply with the requirements of the protocol, including continuing on Fabrazyme® at 1 mg/kg body weight every two weeks.
* Patients who have documented allergies to ACE inhibitors and to ARBs are not eligible to participate in the FAACET Study.
* The patient is pregnant or intends to become pregnant during the course of the study.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Determine the relationship of GFR to titrating ACEI/ARB therapy to targeted uring protein ration
timeFrame: from baseline
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Decrease in protein/creatinine ratio after administration of AECI/ARB therapy
timeFrame: from baseline
measure: Determine if urine protein/creaine reduction results in slower GFR decline
timeFrame: from baseline
measure: Determine if GFR decline can be slowed by titrating ACEI/ARB therapy to target urine protein/creatinine ratio ≤ 0.5, or 50% reduction
timeFrame: baseline to first visit
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Birmingham
country: United States
facility: University of Alabama at Birmingham
state: Alabama
city: Atlanta
country: United States
facility: Emory University
state: Georgia
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
state: Illinois
city: Iowa City
country: United States
facility: University of Iowa
state: Iowa
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Massachusetts General Hospital
state: Massachusetts
city: Ljubljana
country: Slovenia
facility: General Hospital Slovenj Gradec
state: Gradec
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham
name: David G Warnock, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Tahir H, Jackson LL, Warnock DG. Antiproteinuric therapy and fabry nephropathy: sustained reduction of proteinuria in patients receiving enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase-beta. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Sep;18(9):2609-17. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2006121400. Epub 2007 Jul 26.
citation: Warnock DG, Thomas CP, Vujkovac B, Campbell RC, Charrow J, Laney DA, Jackson LL, Wilcox WR, Wanner C. Antiproteinuric therapy and Fabry nephropathy: factors associated with preserved kidney function during agalsidase-beta therapy. J Med Genet. 2015 Dec;52(12):860-6. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103471. Epub 2015 Oct 21.