Clinical trial NCT01869010: Severe Impairment of Solute-Free Water Clearance in Patients With HIV Infection
Official title: Severe Impairment of Solute-Free Water Clearance in Patients With HIV Infection
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: HIV Infection
Keywords: HIV infection
Antiretroviral treatment
Renal disease
Renal tubular damage
Free-water clearance
Lead sponsor: Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2013-06-05
Enrollment: 30
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients with and without HIV infection followed at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, university-affiliated tertiary-care community hospital

Brief summary: The objective of the present study is to analyze the overall tubular function, and in particular that from the proximal tubule and the thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH) in patients with HIV infection receiving or not tenofovir-containing antiretroviral treatment in comparison with seronegative controls, by applying a validated tubular physiological test known as "Low sodium infusion test".

Hypothesis is that patients with HIV infection and normal renal function will show subclinical tubular abnormalities compared with seronegative controls

Detailed description: Renal disease is a well recognized complication among patients with HIV infection. Either viral infection itself and the use of some antiretroviral drugs contribute to this serious non AIDS-defining condition that may affect both the glomeruli and the renal tubules.

The thick ascending loop of Henle constitutes the main location for free-water clearance determining kidney´s ability to concentrate and dilute urine in a direct and indirect fashion, respectively.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Inclusion criteria are as follows: adult patients (≥18 years old) with confirmed chronic HIV-1 infection who agreed to provide written informed consent. Patients under antiretroviral treatment must had a stable regimen for over six months and undetectable (\<50 copies/ml) viral load for at least three months. At study entry all selected patients were confirmed as having normal physical examination, routine clinical laboratory including urinalysis, as well as renal and cardiac ultrasound.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion criteria include patients with acute HIV infection (\< 6 months of disease), personal history of nephropathy, plasma creatinine ≥1.3 mg/dl, Glomerular filtration rate ≤60ml/min/1.73 m² (as determined by Modification of Diet in renal Disease formula), presence of glucosuria/proteinuria (measured in spot urine sample), prior heart failure, concurrent opportunistic infection, chronic active hepatitis B or C, and use of potentially nephrotoxic agents in the prior week before the test (e.g diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme antagonists, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents).

Primary outcomes:
measure: Free Water Clearance
timeFrame: 1 month
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Urine osmolarity
timeFrame: one month
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Buenos Aires
country: Argentina
facility: Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires - Infectious Diseases Section
state: Caba
Study officials:
affiliation: Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
name: Waldo H Belloso, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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