Clinical trial NCT06717555: Observational Study on Fetal Growth Restriction Complicated by Early Flowmetric Alterations
Official title: Observational Study on Fetal Growth Restriction Complicated by Early Flowmetric Alterations. ARDEF Adverse or Reverse End Diastolic Flow
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR)
Keywords: flowmetric alterations
FGR
Lead sponsor: IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-12-05
Enrollment: 63
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 44
Standard ages: ADULT
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: OTHER
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: The study group will consist of patients with single pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction, who access the Pregnancy at Risk Outpatient Clinic, of the Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine of Policlinico Sant'Orsola to perform the specific diagnostic-care pathway.

Brief summary: The goal of this observational study is to to understand whether the presence of flowmetric alterations in association with early growth retardation (i.e., before 22 weeks gestational age) is associated with worse neonatal and maternal outcomes than intrauterine growth retardation arising later in life.

Detailed description: The study is prospective and retrospective. As far as concerns the retrospective part, patients for whom pregnancy was monitored at the outpatient clinics of the division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Age Medicine will be enrolled. This is necessary to obtain specific information about the complication rate and progression of pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction over the past 15 years (2005 to present) followed at our hospital.

In association with this retrospective part, a prospective part of the study will be conducted: all patients will undergo the ultrasound evaluations required by the normal care protocols for pregnancies complicated by growth restriction (controls 2 times a week or three times a week).

In addition to standard ultrasound monitoring, an instrumental assessment will then be performed using the USCOM 1A ® technique, an ultrasound instrument that, by entering the patient's height and weight, is able to calculate, by means of internal algorithms, the diameter of the aortic valve and blood flow through the valve. In addition, the peak pulsatility of the maternal ophthalmic artery, using Doppler ultrasound technique, which appears to be predictive of the risk of developing preeclampsia, will be evaluated.

An echocardiographic acquisition of the fetal heart using STRAIN technique will then be performed in the context of normal ultrasound. Two-dimensional strain is based on the acquisition of a typical myocardial pattern (called finger print), which can be followed during the cardiac cycle. In other words, the software recognizes a small piece of tissue, evaluating its strain. Because of its angle-independence, two-dimensional strain allows global and segmental assessment of myocardial contractility, both longitudinal and radial. In these patients, strain would have the ability to detect a contractility deficit evidenced by a reduction in peak systolic strain and strain rate that, as already demonstrated in the adult, distinguishes areas of increased fibrosis, myocyte loss, and myocardial fiber reorganization (as in the case of disarray). Strain may also be useful in prognostic stratification of heart failure by distinguishing fetuses with particularly impaired contractile capacity. These two additional instrumental assessments, will require no more than 4 minutes more for the complete examination.

Patients will be adequately informed about the purpose and modalities of the study, and informed consent form will be acquired. Patients will be managed according to company protocols.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \> 18 years
* Single pregnancy
* Ultrasound monitoring and delivery at Policlinico S. Orsola in Bologna, Italy
* Acquisition of informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

- Desire to perform Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy

Primary outcomes:
measure: Collecting outcomes of pregnancies complicated by growth restriction and early-onset flowmetric alterations
timeFrame: During prenatal ultrasound
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Bologna
country: Italy
facility: IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
Study officials:
affiliation: IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
name: Giuliana Simonazzi, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: