Clinical trial NCT01470443: Study of GEMOX(Gemcitabine/Oxaliplatin) Versus XELOX(Xeloda/Oxaliplatin) in Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma
Official title: A Randomized, Multicenter, Open-label, Phase 3 Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of GEMOX(Gemcitabine/Oxaliplatin) vs XELOX(Xeloda/Oxaliplatin) in Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Biliary Tract (Intrahepatic, Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, Gall Bladder) Cancer
Lead sponsor: Samsung Medical Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2011-11-11
Enrollment: 240
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The objective of the trial is to compare Progression free survival between GEMOX (gemcitabine/oxaliplatin)vs XELOX(capecitabine/oxaliplatin)in metastatic or unresectable Biliary tract carcinoma patients.

Detailed description: In patients with advanced BTC(biliary tract cancer), either gemcitabine-based, 5-FU-based chemotherapy or clinical trial is recommended as first-line treatment. According to ABC-02 trial, as compared with gemcitabine alone, cisplatin plus gemcitabine was associated with a significant survival advantage without the addition of substantial toxicity. Cisplatin plus gemcitabine is an appropriate option for the treatment of patients with advanced biliary cancer. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00262769.) Recent metaanalysis \[7\], analyzed 104 phase II and III trials comprising 2810 BTC patients and found that gemcitabine combined with platinum compounds such as cisplatin or oxaliplatin had superior response rate and survival when compared with gemcitabine alone. The metaanalysis concluded the combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin or oxaliplatin to be the reference arm for future clinical trials.

Meanwhile, oxaliplatin (l-OHP), an alkylating diaminocyclohexane platinum derivate, has been noted to display a marked cytotoxic synergism in combination with fluoropyrimidines against a variety of solid human tumour cells \[11\]. Based on these information, Nehls et al. \[12\] conducted a prospective phase II study of oxaliplatin plus 5-FU/folinic acid in biliary system adenocarcinomas, and the disease control rate (responses and stable disease (SD)) was 56%, and the median OS was 9.5 months. To improve efficacy and to offer a more convenient treatment option for patients by reducing clinical visits and avoiding indwelling devices, they prospectively investigated the activity and toxicity profile of three-weekly intravenous oxaliplatin plus oral capecitabine (XELOX), and concluded that the XELOX regimen was a well-tolerated and active treatment option for advanced BTC \[13\].

Given a lack of prospective, direct, comparison between XELOX and GEMOX regimens in advanced BTC, we propose a randomized phase III trial of GEMOX (gemcitabine/oxaliplatin) vs XELOX (capecitabine/oxaliplatin) in metastatic or unresectable BTC patients.

With the assumption of a median 6-month PFS rate of 50% in the GEMOX arm and 35% in the XELOX arm (non-inferiority margin, 15%), a total of 103 patients were required under a two-sided 5% significance level and 80% power, with an accrual of 59 months and a follow-up of 6 months after the last patient registry, to show the non-inferiority of XELOX to GEMOX. An exponential distribution of time to progression was assumed. Allowing a dropout rate of 10%, we aimed to enroll 230 patients. An interim analysis was not planned.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria

1. age ≥ 18
2. histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of biliary tract (intrahepatic, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gall bladder cancer.however, ampulla of vater cancer is excluded)
3. unresectable or metastatic
4. ECOG performance status of 0\~2
5. measurable or evaluable lesion per RECIST 1.1 criteria
6. Life expectancy≥12weeks
7. Adequate marrow, hepatic, renal and cardiac functions Serum aspartate transaminase and serum alanine transaminase≤ 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN), or AST and ALT ≤ 5 x ULN if liver function abnormalities are due to underlying malignancy Total serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN Absolute neutrophil count(ANC) ≥ 1,500/uL Platelets ≥ 100,0000/uL Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL
8. chemotherapy naïve patient: prior adjuvant chemoradiation or chemotherapy is allowed if the last date of drug administration is \> 6 months from the study entry date
9. provision of a signed written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

1. severe co-morbid illness and/or active infections
2. ampulla of vater cancer is excluded
3. pregnant or lactating women
4. Active CNS metastases not controllable with radiotherapy or corticosteroids (however,CNS metastases(except for leptomeningeal seeding) are allowed if controlled by gamma knife surgery or surgery or radiotherapy or steroid)
5. known history of hypersensitivity to study drugs

Primary outcomes:
measure: Progression free survival of GEMOX vs XELOX
timeFrame: 6 months PFS
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Safety profile
timeFrame: 6 months follow-up after the last patient registry.
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Seoul
country: Korea, Republic of
facility: Samsung medical Center
Study officials:
References:
citation: Chen R, Zhang Y, Lin K, Huang D, You M, Lai Y, Wang J, Hu Y, Li N. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Capecitabine Plus Oxaliplatin Versus Gemcitabine Plus Oxaliplatin as First-Line Therapy for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 22;13:871262. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.871262. eCollection 2022.
citation: Kim ST, Kang JH, Lee J, Lee HW, Oh SY, Jang JS, Lee MA, Sohn BS, Yoon SY, Choi HJ, Hong JH, Kim MJ, Kim S, Park YS, Park JO, Lim HY. Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin versus gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin as first-line therapy for advanced biliary tract cancers: a multicenter, open-label, randomized, phase III, noninferiority trial. Ann Oncol. 2019 May 1;30(5):788-795. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdz058.