Clinical trial NCT04086303: Anthropometric and Physical Fitness Differences Among Turkish Adolescents and Adults Handball Players
Official title: Is There Any Difference in Anthropometric and Physical Fitness Parameters in Handball Players?
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Athletic Performance
Physical Fitness
Handball Players
Cross-sectional Studies
Lead sponsor: Guven Health Group
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-09-11
Enrollment: 40
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 16
Maximum age (years): 36
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: young handball players ≥10 years sport age adult handball players ≤10 years sport age
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: The purpose of this study was to examine the variation in physical and physiological characteristics according to sports age in adolescent and adult male team handball (TH) players. Adolescent (N.=19, aged 18.1±1.4 yr) and adult (N.=23, 28.6±5.7 yr) players were examined for anthropometric characteristics, somatotype and body composition, and performed the physical working capacity test, a force-velocity test, the lateral scapular slide test (LSST), shark skill test, Davies test, squat jump (SJ), countermovement vertical jump without (CMJ).

Detailed description: The stability of the scapula in relation to the entire moving upper extremity is the key in the throwing sequence. The importance of scapular positioning in handball players has been well documented in the literature, but no one has compared scapular positioning between handball players and sedentary people. Study participants completed a rating scale for pain and a questionnaire about demographic and shoulder problems. One assessor performed the lateral scapular slide test and additional flexibility measurements around the shoulder girdle. Flexibility (external rotation, internal rotation) and scapular position (1, 2, 3) were compared among groups (young players, old players, sedentary people) and between sides (dominant, nondominant).

Participants: Forty-five aged between 16 and 35 yrs were recruited in the study. The exclusion criteria included those (a) with soft tissue or bone problems affecting lower and upper extremity, (b) who had acute inflammation affecting upper and lower extremity region, (c) had scoliosis, (d) who had undergone any orthopedic surgery, (e) who had defined any pain or painful area at lower extremities and (f) who were obese (BMI\>30 kg/m2).

Assessments: The investigators plan to perform the physical working capacity test, a force-velocity test, the lateral scapular slide test (LSST), shark skill test, Davies test, squat jump (SJ), countermovement vertical jump without (CMJ).

The power analysis indicated that 32 participants for total were needed with 80 % power and a 5 % type 1 error. The power analysis of our study showed a power of 80% with LSST as the primary outcome. The data were analyzed using statistical software (SPSS version 18, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). All the statistical analyses were set a priori at an alpha level of p\<0.05. The tests for homogeneity (Levene's test) and normality (Shapiro-Wilk) were used to determine the appropriate statistical methods. According to the test results, nonparametric Friedman test was used for comparisons between baseline, first taping and last taping. Wilcoxon test was used for possible differences which may occur between taping applications in order to identify the application that provided the difference. Parametric test assumptions were not possible due to small sample size and inhomogeneous parameters.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Inclusion criteria were the ability to actively perform pain-free abduction from 0° to 45° and from 0° to 90° in elbow extension and age greater than 15 years.
* to be volunteer for including the study
* to be ready mentally

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion criteria were shoulder injury, shoulder surgery in the 2 years before the study, systemic pathologic condition, or intervention in the 3 months before the study, including corticosteroid or hydrodilatation injection or physiotherapy.
* Specifically, injury included shoulder pain in active abduction or external rotation for more than 3 months, a reason to suspect a complete rotator cuff tear (eg, substantial shoulder weakness), a positive drop-arm sign or previous fracture, or a high-riding humerus observed on plain radiographs.
* Systemic pathologic conditions included inflammatory joint disease, complex regional pain syndrome, and shoulder pain referred from vertebral structures that was diagnosed via spinal clearing tests.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Testing for LSST
timeFrame: 30 minutes
measure: Upper extremity Test (Davies test)
timeFrame: 30 minutes
measure: Y Balance Test
timeFrame: 15 minutes
measure: Sit and Reach Test
timeFrame: 10 minutes
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Ankara
country: Turkey
facility: Guven Health Group
Study officials:
affiliation: Guven Health Group
name: Yesim Sardan Cetinkaya, MD
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References: