Clinical trial NCT05255302: De-escalation Immunotherapy mAintenance Duration Trial for Stage IV Lung Cancer Patients With Disease Control After Chemo-immunotherapy Induction
Official title: A Phase II-III Randomized Trial Evaluating Maintenance Pembrolizumab (± Pemetrexed) Until Progression Versus Observation (± Pemetrexed) After 6 Months of Platinum-based Doublet Chemotherapy Plus Pembrolizumab Induction Treatment in Patients With Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE2
PHASE3
Conditions: Metastatic NSCLC
Keywords: IFCT
DIAL
NSCLC
Immunotherapy duration
Lead sponsor: Intergroupe Francophone de Cancerologie Thoracique
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2022-02-24
Enrollment: 1360
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 74
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Immunotherapeutic approaches recently have demonstrated clinical efficacy in several cancer types, including melanoma and NSCLC. As a matter of fact, first registration trials of immune-checkpoints inhibitors (ICI) in second-line settings (pembrolizumab as well as nivolumab or atezolizumab) had stated that ICI could be continued until disease progression or not tolerable toxicity, up to 5 years. This is only for the first-line registration studies that the arbitrary maximal duration of treatment of 2 years was set up by the Companies sponsoring such trials.

The aim is to study a de-escalation scheme of treatment from 2 years of immunotherapy to 6 months (27-weeks), in patients with controlled disease.

Detailed description: This is a phase II-III randomized, open-labelled, multicentre study for NSCLC patients who are naive of treatment for advanced disease. Patients will be given first-line chemotherapy + pembrolizumab: platinum doublet for at least 3 cycles, either paclitaxel-carboplatin for patient with SCC or 3 cycles of pemetrexed-platinum salt followed by 2 cycles of pemetrexed and 6 cycles of pembrolizumab.

Only patients with disease control, confirmed at 6 months (27-weeks) without drug-related toxicity imposing treatment discontinuation will be randomized 1:1 either to continuation of pembrolizumab (± pemetrexed for non-SCC) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity or 2 years, or observation (± pemetrexed for non-SCC).

Patients will be stratified by performance status (0 versus 1), histology (SCC versus non-SCC), PD-L1 (PD-L1 \< 1% versus 49%≥PD-L1 ≥ 1% versus PD-L1\>49%), sex and response at randomization (partial response versus stabilisation).

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Signed Written Informed Consent:

   * Subjects must have signed and dated an IRB/IEC approved written informed consent form in accordance with regulatory and institutional guidelines. This must be obtained before the performance of any protocol related procedures that are not part of normal subject care.
   * Subjects must be willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, treatment schedule, and laboratory testing.
2. Patients with histologically confirmed metastatic NSCLC (Stage IV accordingly to 8th classification TNM, UICC 2015). A cytologically-proven NSCLC is allowed if a cytoblock has been prepared.
3. PD-L1 tumor content as assessed locally by the investigator center.
4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) of 0 or 1.
5. Weight loss\< 10% within 3 months of study entry.
6. No prior systemic anticancer therapy (including EGFR or ALK inhibitors) given as primary therapy for advanced or metastatic disease.
7. Age≥ 18 years, \<75 years
8. Life expectancy \> 3 months
9. Measurable tumor disease by CT or MRI per RECIST 1.1 criteria
10. The Investigator must confirm prior to enrolment that the patient has adequate tumor tissue available. Tumor biopsy should be exploitable for molecular analysis. If archival tissue is either insufficient or unavailable, the patient may still be eligible upon discussion with IFCT.

    Note: Tumor tissue collected after the patient was diagnosed with metastatic disease is preferred.

    Tumor tissue sample must not be from locations previously radiated. Tumor sample must be 1 block or at least 7 unstained slides of analyzable tissue.
11. Adequate biological functions:

    Creatinine Clearance ≥ 45 mL/min (Cockcroft or MDRD or CKD-epi); neutrophils≥ 1500/mm3 ; platelets ≥100 000/mm3 ; Hemoglobin≥ 9g/dL ; AST and ALT\< 3x ULN, total bilirubin \< 2xULN (patients with hepatic metastases or Gilbert's syndrome must have AST and ALT ≤ 5 x ULN and a baseline total bilirubin ≤ 2xULN).
12. Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) and sexually active should use an efficacious contraception method within the 28 days preceding the first dose and during the 6 months following the last dose of treatment. Women must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent units of HCG) prior to the start of study drug.
13. For Male subjects who are sexually active with WOCBP, an efficacious contraception method should be used during the treatment and during the 6 months following the last dose.
14. Patient has national health insurance coverage.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Small cell lung cancer or tumors with mixed histology including a SCLC component.

   Note : Sarcomatoid histology is allowed. Neuro-endocrine large cell lung cancer with molecular features of small-cell lung cancer (i.e; Rb loss associated with TP53 mutation) will not be eligible. Other neuro-endocrine large cell subtypes, i.e. with adenocarcinoma features (STK11 or K-Ras mutations) will be eligible. In case of doubt, please contact the sponsor.
2. Known EGFR activating tumor mutation (deletion LREA in exon 19, L858R ou L861X mutations in exon 21, G719A/S mutation in exon 18, exon 20 insertion) or HER2 exon 20 insertion (either tissue or plasma cfDNA mutation).
3. Known ALK, ROS1, Ret, NTRK, NRG1 gene rearrangement as assessed by immunohistochemistry, FISH or NGS (ADN or ARN) sequencing by local genetics and/or pathology laboratory.
4. Previous or active cancer within the previous 3 years (except for treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or basal cell skin cancer treated or not). Patients with a prostate adenocarcinoma history within the previous 3 years could be included in case of localized prostate cancer, with good prognostic factors according to d'Amico classification (≤T2a, score de Gleason ≤ 6 and PSA ≤ 10 (ng/ml)) provided they were treated in a curative way (surgery or radiotherapy, without any chemotherapy).
5. Superior vena cava syndrome persisting despite VCS stenting.
6. Radiotherapy needed at initiation of tumour treatment, except bone palliative radiotherapy on a painful or compressive metastasis, respecting 1 week delay between the end of radiotherapy and the beginning of treatment
7. Symptomatic untreated brain metastasis (without previous whole brain radiotherapy or stereotactic ablative brain radiotherapy or without surgical resection). At least 2 weeks delay between the end of radiotherapy and the beginning of induction immunotherapy treatment should be respected. Asymptomatic brain metastasis, not needing corticosteroids greater than 10 mg prednisone equivalent daily or mannitol infusions, are allowed.
8. History of previous primary immunodeficiency, organ transplantation needing an immunosuppressive treatment, any immunosuppressive drug within 28 days before randomization date, or history of severe toxicity (grade 3/4) by immune mechanism linked to another immunotherapy treatment.
9. Systemic treatment with corticosteroids with greater dose than 10 mg prednisone equivalent daily, within 14 days before initiation of the immunotherapy induction. Inhaled, nasal or topic corticosteroids are allowed.
10. History of active autoimmune disease including but not limited to rheumatoid polyarthritis, myasthenia, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic Lupus, Wegener's granulomatosis, vascular thrombosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome, Sjogren's syndrome with interstitial pulmonary disease, recent Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, vasculitis, or glomerulonephritis.

    Patients with type I diabetes, or hypothyroidism, or immune cutaneous disease (vitiligo, psoriasis, alopecia) or benign rheumatoid polyarthritis not needing any immunosuppressive systemic treatment, or benign sicca syndrome (Sjogren) without interstitial pulmonary disease, or history of past Guillain-Barre syndrome, totally reversible with no sequelae, no systemic immunosuppressive treatment during the last 20 years, are allowed to be included.
11. Active inflammatory intestinal disease (Crohn disease, Hemorrhagic recto-colitis, coeliac disease) or any serious chronic intestinal disease with uncontrolled diarrhea.
12. Active uncontrolled infection including tuberculosis, known acute viral hepatitis B and C according to serological tests. Patients with serological sequelae of cured viral hepatitis are allowed to be included. Past primary pulmonary tuberculosis in youth does not consist of a contra-indication. Past tuberculosis disease history does not consist of a contra-indication provided the patient was treated during at least 6 months by anti-tuberculosis antibiotic treatment.
13. Known HIV infection
14. Living attenuated vaccine received within the 30 previous days
15. Previous treatment with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, Anti-CTLA4 or any ICI antibody
16. Previous treatment with chemotherapy for lung cancer. However, if a patient has a lung adenocarcinoma, previous cisplatin treatment for another cancer type with squamous histology (Head and Neck, bladder) may be allowed provided the sponsor accepts, and provided blood tests are normal (see above).
17. General serious condition such as congestive uncontrolled cardiac failure, uncontrolled cardiac arrythmia, uncontrolled ischemic cardiac disease (unstable angina or history of myocardial infarction within the previous 6 months), history or stroke within the 6 previous months. Patients with a significant cardiac history, even if controlled, should have a LVEF \> 50%.
18. Pre-existing moderate or severe lung interstitial disease as assessed by the diagnosis CT-scan.
19. Inability to comply with study and/or follow-up procedures for family, social, geographic or psychological reasons.
20. Pregnant, lactating, or breastfeeding women.
21. Patients deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision
22. Patient who is subject to legal protection or who is unable to express his will

Primary outcomes:
measure: Phase II: 18-month overall survival (OS)
timeFrame: 18 months after inclusion
measure: Phase III: overall survival
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Incidence, nature, and severity of adverse events
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
measure: Time until definitive health related quality of life score deterioration
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
measure: Change from baseline of EuroQol Quality of Life 5-Dimension 5-Level Scale
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
measure: Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
measure: OS according to histological subtype
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
measure: PFS according to histological subtype
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
measure: OS according to PDL1 tumor level
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
measure: PFS according to PDL1 tumor level
timeFrame: about 24 months after randomization
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Aix-en-Provence
country: France
facility: Aix-en-Provence - CH
city: Amiens
country: France
facility: Amiens - Clinique de l'Europe
city: Angers
country: France
facility: Angers - CHU
city: Avignon
country: France
facility: Avignon - CH
city: Besançon
country: France
facility: Besançon - CHU
city: Bordeaux
country: France
facility: Bordeaux - Polyclinique
city: Bordeaux
country: France
facility: CHU de Bordeaux
city: Caen
country: France
facility: Caen - CHU Côte de Nacre
city: Cannes
country: France
facility: Cannes - CH
city: Chauny
country: France
facility: Chauny - Centre Hospitalier
city: Colmar
country: France
facility: CH
city: Dijon
country: France
facility: Centre Georges François Leclerc
city: Grenoble
country: France
facility: CHRU Grenoble
city: La Roche Sur Yon
country: France
facility: La Roche Sur Yon - CH
city: Le Chesnay
country: France
facility: CH de Versailles
city: Le Mans
country: France
facility: Centre Hospitalier - Pneumologie
city: Lille
country: France
facility: CHRU de Lille
city: Limoges
country: France
facility: CHU de Limoges
city: Lyon
country: France
facility: Lyon - Hôpital Jean Mermoz
city: Marseille
country: France
facility: Marseille - Hôpital Européen
city: Meaux
country: France
facility: Meaux - CH
city: Metz
country: France
facility: Metz - Hôpital Robert Schuman
city: Montpellier
country: France
facility: Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve
city: Mulhouse
country: France
facility: Centre Hospitalier
city: Nantes
country: France
facility: Nantes - CHU Hôpital Laënnec
city: Nice
country: France
facility: Nice - CRLCC
city: Orléans
country: France
facility: Orléans - CHR
city: Paris
country: France
facility: Paris - APHP - Hopital Tenon
city: Paris
country: France
facility: Institut CURIE
city: Paris
country: France
facility: Hôpital Bichat - Claude - Bernard
city: Reims
country: France
facility: Reims - CHU
city: Rouen
country: France
facility: Rouen - CHU
city: Saint-Cloud
country: France
facility: Centre René Huguenin
city: Saint-Etienne
country: France
facility: CHU Saint-Etienne Pneumologie
city: Saint-Herblain
country: France
facility: Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest - René Gauducheau
city: Saint-Nazaire
country: France
facility: Saint-Nazaire - Clinique Mutualiste de l'Estuaire
city: Saint-Pierre
country: France
facility: CHU de La Réunion-Site Sud
city: Saint-Quentin
country: France
facility: Centre Hospitalier
city: Saint-Étienne
country: France
facility: Hôpital privé de la Loire
city: Strasbourg
country: France
facility: Nouvel Hôpital Civil - Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg
city: Toulon
country: France
facility: Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal
city: Toulouse
country: France
facility: Hôpital Larrey (CHU)
city: Tours
country: France
facility: CHRU de Tours
city: Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy
country: France
facility: Centre Alexis Vautrin
Study officials:
References: