Clinical trial NCT05392543: Brunnstrom Movement Therapy Versus Mirror Therapy on Hand Function in Stroke
Official title: Brunnstrom Movement Therapy Versus Mirror Therapy on Hand Function in Stroke Hemiplegic Population
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Stroke
Keywords: Brunnstorm movement therapy
Stroke
Hemiplegia
Mirror Therapy
Lead sponsor: Riphah International University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2022-05-26
Enrollment: 26
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Maximum age (years): 60
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This study will be randomized clinical trial. Non Probability consecutive sampling technique will be used. Data will be collected from patients having stroke by using tools i.e Fugl-Meyer assessment: wrist and hand (FMA- WH) and Brunnstrom Hand Manipulation (BRS-H). Those who will meet inclusion criteria will be recruited. An informed consent will be taken from all patients. The recruited subjects will be assessed according to outcome measures. Patients will be divided into 2 groups. Group A will be treated with Brunnstrom Movement Therapy plus Conventional therapy for 1 hour, 3 sessions per week (4 weeks) and Group B will be treated with Mirror Therapy plus Conventional therapy for 45 min, 3 sessions per week ( 4 weeks) 5 movements, 10 repetitions. Outcome measures will be measured at baseline, 2 weeks and after 4 weeks. Data analysis will be done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.

Detailed description: Stroke commonly known as Cerebro-Vascular Accident (CVA), is stated as a sudden commencement of neurological discrepancy which is attributable to a pivotal vascular basis. In modest words, it is a "brain attack", which occurs when the brain fails to get adequate blood circulation, as a result, brain cells do not get a sufficient amount of oxygen, and cells start dying ultimately. Brunnstrom movement therapy uses reflexes to develop movement behavior through sensory stimulation, in order to inhibit spasticity and movement retraining to enhance recovery. Mirror therapy (MT) in stroke patients involves performing unimpaired limb movements while observing there reflection of the mirror overlapping the impaired limb, creating a visual illusion of increased movement capacity in the impaired limb.

In previous researches, various conventional and contemporary approaches such as Brunnstrom, and Mirror therapy have been used to rehabilitate the hand after stroke in clinical settings. Previous literature was focus on digital and other conventional methods. However, despite a revolution in the number of therapeutic protocols, evidence of efficacy remains limited. Both BHM and MT have been studied separately to evaluate their respective effectiveness. However, no study has been found comparing the two protocols exclusively for hand motor recovery.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

- Both genders

* Patient population of adults 40-70 years old
* Any type of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhage)
* upper extremity, hand impairment
* (include stage here) on brunnstorm scale

Exclusion Criteria:

* inability to follow commands

  * inability to sit more than 2 h (self-report)
  * Botox injection/chemo-denervation within the last 6 months
  * presence of cardiac pacemaker
  * current participation in other interventions/studies

Primary outcomes:
measure: Fugl-Meyer assessment
timeFrame: 4th week
measure: Brunnstrom Hand Manipulation (BRS-H)
timeFrame: 4th Week
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Lahore
country: Pakistan
facility: Sargodha Rafiqa Medical Center
state: Punjab
Study officials:
affiliation: Riphah International University
name: Mehwish Ikram
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Farooq A, Venketasubramanian N, Wasay M. Stroke Care in Pakistan. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2021;11(3):118-121. doi: 10.1159/000519554. Epub 2021 Oct 25.
citation: Dzhalagoniya I, Biryukova E, Bushkova Y, Kurganskaia M, Bobrov P, Frolov A. Biomechanical assessment of Fugl-Meyer score: the case of one post stroke patient who has undergone the rehabilitation using hand exoskeleton controlled by brain-computer interface. Int J Phys Med Rehabil. 2018;6(468):10.4172
citation: Pathan UHA, Thayyil AR, Juturu T, Kamath S, Pathan UHA. Pathophysiology, complications and management of stroke
citation: Pandian S, Arya KN, Davidson EWR. Comparison of Brunnstrom movement therapy and Motor Relearning Program in rehabilitation of post-stroke hemiparetic hand: a randomized trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2012 Jul;16(3):330-337. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2011.11.002. Epub 2011 Dec 6.
citation: Chinnavan E, Ragupathy R, Wah YC. Effectiveness of mirror therapy on upper limb motor functions among hemiplegic patients. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science. 2020;19(2): 208-13.
citation: Geller D, Nilsen DM, Quinn L, Van Lew S, Bayona C, Gillen G. Home mirror therapy: a randomized controlled pilot study comparing unimanual and bimanual mirror therapy for improved arm and hand function post-stroke. Disabil Rehabil. 2022 Nov;44(22):6766-6774. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1973121. Epub 2021 Sep 19.
citation: Shahmoradi L, Almasi S, Ahmadi H, Bashiri A, Azadi T, Mirbagherie A, Ansari NN, Honarpishe R. Virtual reality games for rehabilitation of upper extremities in stroke patients. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Apr;26:113-122. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.10.006. Epub 2020 Oct 11.
citation: Sharma N, Kumar N, Uniyal K. Intermittent Pneumatic Compression and Mirror Therapy Improve Hand Functions after Stroke. Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal. 2018;11(4):141-53
citation: Özkeskin M, Öztürk V, Çakmur R, Bilge K, Küçük F. The Effects of Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Simulation and Brunnstrom Movement Therapy on Upper Extremity Proprioceptive Sense and Spasticity in Stroke Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences. 2017;1(2):29-35. .