Clinical trial NCT04767438: Preeclampsia Sequential Screening Using Angiogenic Factors During First Trimester of Pregnancy
Official title: STUDY PROTOCOL FOR A PROSPECTIVE, MULTICENTRE, COHORT STUDY: Preeclampsia Sequential Screening Using Angiogenic Factors During First Trimester of Pregnancy (CRISP STUDY)
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Conditions: Pre-Eclampsia
Pregnancy Complications
Keywords: Preeclampsia
Screening
Lead sponsor: Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Instituto de Salud Carlos III
First posted: 2021-02-23
Enrollment: 6560
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Every singleton pregnancy attending during the period study

Brief summary: Preeclampsia (PE) affects from 2 to 8% of pregnant women. Recent studies show that prevention is the best strategy to improve perinatal outcomes. Therefore, the development of new strategies for preeclampsia screening becomes essential in order to determine the individual risk for each patient, and thus, to identify those who would be candidates for receiving prophylactic treatment with low-dose aspirin from the first trimester of pregnancy. The aim of our study is to determine prospectively, during clinical practice, the predictive and preventive capacity of a model of preeclampsia sequential screening in the first trimester of pregnancy.

This is a prospective, multicentre, cohort study, with the collaboration of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona), Hospital Universitario de Cruces (Bilbao), Hospital Son Llàtzer (Mallorca) and Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa (Zaragoza). Women with a singleton pregnancy attending to the 12-week ultrasound scan at one of the maternity hospitals participating in the study between March 1st 2021 and 30th October 2021 will be recruited. Patients who accept to participate in the study will be classified into three risk groups (low-risk, moderate-risk and high risk) based on medical history, Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A) and Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index (UTPI). Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) will only be determined in those patients classified as intermediate risk after this first step and then reclassified in high and low-risk patients depending on its values. The number of first-trimester scans performed by these hospitals is approximately 8200 patients annually. Due to PE prevalence in our environment is around 3% of the total population, a total of 246 cases of PE are to be expected. Therefore, based on similar previous experiences, we could assume that 80% of the patients will accept to participate in the study, meaning a total sample of 6560 pregnant women.

Detailed description: All the data required to carry out this study, including those derived from sonographies and blood tests, will be collected during the normal pregnancy control, without further appointments. A blood test will be requested in all pregnant women in the first appointment of pregnancy control between 9 and 13 weeks, to determine risk of chromosomal disorders according to the national protocol and it will be used this same sample to analyze angiogenic factors without requiring new blood extractions. In the first-trimester scan, the mean uterine arteries pulsatility index will be determined, as well as mean arterial pressure. In this visit, the patient will be asked about her medical history. We will offer the patients the inclusion to our study in that moment; those who agree to participate in the study will sign the informed consent. In the participants, the initial risk of PE will be calculated using maternal medical history, MAP, UTPI and PAPP-A (already used in aneuploidies screening), using the software validated to each laboratory. Patients will be classified into 3 groups:

* Low risk of PE (\<1/500)
* Intermediate risk of PE (between 1/50 and 1/500)
* High risk of PE (\>1/50) In those patients classified as intermediate and high-risk, PlGF and s-Flt-1 will be determined from the blood samples kept in biobanks of each hospital according to the current legislation. SFlt-1 results will be analyzed at the end of the study in order to decrease the cost because there will not be used to make clinical decisions. PlGF in high-risk patients will not be considered either to reclassify those patients. In both cases, the diagnostic efficiency will be analyzed at the end of the study.

Patients in the intermediate-risk group (1/50-1/500) will be reclassified after adding PlGF levels in the predictive algorithm in 2 groups: Low risk of PE (\<1/160) and High risk of PE (\>1/160).

To the patients classified as high risk at any of the steps, will be offered prophylactic treatment with AcetylSalicylic acid (ASA) (150mg/24h) until 36 weeks of pregnancy, if there is not a contraindication. All data from eligible patients will be analyzed. A bivariant statistical analysis will be performed in order to assess the relationship between dependent variables (diagnose of PE and/or IUGR) and the other variables included in this study

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Singleton pregnancies;
* Gestational age less than 14 weeks, estimated according to Crown-Rump Length (CRL);
* Blood sample between 8 and 14 weeks of pregnancy;
* Patients who accept to participate in the study and sign the informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Fetus with chromosomal disorders, major congenital malformations or congenital infections diagnosed in the first-trimester ultrasound;
* Multiple pregnancies;
* Non-acceptance of participation in the study.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Diagnosis of preeclampsia
timeFrame: 30 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Early-onset Preeclampsia
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: Severe preeclampsia
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: Pregnancy-induced hypertension
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: SGA
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: IUGR
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: Perinatal mortality
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: Neonatal acidosis
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
timeFrame: 16 weeks
measure: Neonatal morbidity
timeFrame: 16 weeks
measure: Gestational age at birth
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: Type of delivery
timeFrame: 30 weeks
measure: Cost of the analysis of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors
timeFrame: 18 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
citation: Duley L. The global impact of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Semin Perinatol. 2009 Jun;33(3):130-7. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2009.02.010.
citation: Melchiorre K, Wormald B, Leslie K, Bhide A, Thilaganathan B. First-trimester uterine artery Doppler indices in term and preterm pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Aug;32(2):133-7. doi: 10.1002/uog.5400.
citation: Lisonkova S, Sabr Y, Mayer C, Young C, Skoll A, Joseph KS. Maternal morbidity associated with early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Oct;124(4):771-781. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000472.
citation: Bellamy L, Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Williams DJ. Pre-eclampsia and risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer in later life: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2007 Nov 10;335(7627):974. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39335.385301.BE. Epub 2007 Nov 1.
citation: von Beckerath AK, Kollmann M, Rotky-Fast C, Karpf E, Lang U, Klaritsch P. Perinatal complications and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of infants with intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Feb;208(2):130.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.11.014. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
citation: Melamed N, Klinger G, Tenenbaum-Gavish K, Herscovici T, Linder N, Hod M, Yogev Y. Short-term neonatal outcome in low-risk, spontaneous, singleton, late preterm deliveries. Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Aug;114(2 Pt 1):253-260. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181af6931.
citation: Escobar GJ, Clark RH, Greene JD. Short-term outcomes of infants born at 35 and 36 weeks gestation: we need to ask more questions. Semin Perinatol. 2006 Feb;30(1):28-33. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2006.01.005.
citation: Phipps EA, Thadhani R, Benzing T, Karumanchi SA. Pre-eclampsia: pathogenesis, novel diagnostics and therapies. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2019 May;15(5):275-289. doi: 10.1038/s41581-019-0119-6.
citation: Flint EJ, Cerdeira AS, Redman CW, Vatish M. The role of angiogenic factors in the management of preeclampsia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2019 Jun;98(6):700-707. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13540. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
citation: Rolnik DL, Wright D, Poon LC, O'Gorman N, Syngelaki A, de Paco Matallana C, Akolekar R, Cicero S, Janga D, Singh M, Molina FS, Persico N, Jani JC, Plasencia W, Papaioannou G, Tenenbaum-Gavish K, Meiri H, Gizurarson S, Maclagan K, Nicolaides KH. Aspirin versus Placebo in Pregnancies at High Risk for Preterm Preeclampsia. N Engl J Med. 2017 Aug 17;377(7):613-622. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1704559. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
citation: Roberge S, Bujold E, Nicolaides KH. Aspirin for the prevention of preterm and term preeclampsia: systematic review and metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Mar;218(3):287-293.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.561. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
citation: Wright D, Rolnik DL, Syngelaki A, de Paco Matallana C, Machuca M, de Alvarado M, Mastrodima S, Tan MY, Shearing S, Persico N, Jani JC, Plasencia W, Papaioannou G, Molina FS, Poon LC, Nicolaides KH. Aspirin for Evidence-Based Preeclampsia Prevention trial: effect of aspirin on length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jun;218(6):612.e1-612.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.02.014. Epub 2018 Mar 2.
citation: Roberge S, Villa P, Nicolaides K, Giguere Y, Vainio M, Bakthi A, Ebrashy A, Bujold E. Early administration of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of preterm and term preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2012;31(3):141-6. doi: 10.1159/000336662. Epub 2012 Mar 21.
citation: Bujold E, Roberge S, Lacasse Y, Bureau M, Audibert F, Marcoux S, Forest JC, Giguere Y. Prevention of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction with aspirin started in early pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Aug;116(2 Pt 1):402-414. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181e9322a.
citation: Rolnik DL, O'Gorman N, Roberge S, Bujold E, Hyett J, Uzan S, Beaufils M, da Silva Costa F. Early screening and prevention of preterm pre-eclampsia with aspirin: time for clinical implementation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Nov;50(5):551-556. doi: 10.1002/uog.18899. No abstract available.
citation: Shmueli A, Meiri H, Gonen R. Economic assessment of screening for pre-eclampsia. Prenat Diagn. 2012 Jan;32(1):29-38. doi: 10.1002/pd.2871. Epub 2012 Jan 11.
citation: ACOG Committee Opinion No. 743 Summary: Low-Dose Aspirin Use During Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jul;132(1):254-256. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002709.
citation: Tan MY, Wright D, Syngelaki A, Akolekar R, Cicero S, Janga D, Singh M, Greco E, Wright A, Maclagan K, Poon LC, Nicolaides KH. Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of early screening for pre-eclampsia by NICE guidelines and a method combining maternal factors and biomarkers: results of SPREE. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jun;51(6):743-750. doi: 10.1002/uog.19039. Epub 2018 Mar 14.
citation: Akolekar R, Syngelaki A, Sarquis R, Zvanca M, Nicolaides KH. Prediction of early, intermediate and late pre-eclampsia from maternal factors, biophysical and biochemical markers at 11-13 weeks. Prenat Diagn. 2011 Jan;31(1):66-74. doi: 10.1002/pd.2660.
citation: O'Gorman N, Wright D, Poon LC, Rolnik DL, Syngelaki A, Wright A, Akolekar R, Cicero S, Janga D, Jani J, Molina FS, de Paco Matallana C, Papantoniou N, Persico N, Plasencia W, Singh M, Nicolaides KH. Accuracy of competing-risks model in screening for pre-eclampsia by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks' gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jun;49(6):751-755. doi: 10.1002/uog.17399. Epub 2017 May 14.
citation: Crovetto F, Figueras F, Crispi F, Triunfo S, Pugia M, Lasalvia L, Chambers AE, Mills WE, Banerjee S, Mercade I, Casals E, Mira A, Rodriguez-Revenga Bodi L, Gratacos E. Forms of Circulating Luteinizing Hormone Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Receptor for the Prediction of Early and Late Preeclampsia in the First Trimester of Pregnancy. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2015;38(2):94-102. doi: 10.1159/000371516. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
citation: Scazzocchio E, Figueras F, Crispi F, Meler E, Masoller N, Mula R, Gratacos E. Performance of a first-trimester screening of preeclampsia in a routine care low-risk setting. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Mar;208(3):203.e1-203.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.12.016. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
citation: Wright A, Wright D, Syngelaki A, Georgantis A, Nicolaides KH. Two-stage screening for preterm preeclampsia at 11-13 weeks' gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Feb;220(2):197.e1-197.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.10.092. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
citation: Wright D, Gallo DM, Gil Pugliese S, Casanova C, Nicolaides KH. Contingent screening for preterm pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016 May;47(5):554-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.15807.
citation: Robinson HP, Fleming JE. A critical evaluation of sonar "crown-rump length" measurements. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1975 Sep;82(9):702-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00710.x.
citation: Figueras F, Meler E, Iraola A, Eixarch E, Coll O, Figueras J, Francis A, Gratacos E, Gardosi J. Customized birthweight standards for a Spanish population. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2008 Jan;136(1):20-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.12.015. Epub 2007 Feb 6.
citation: Committee Opinion No. 638: First-Trimester Risk Assessment for Early-Onset Preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Sep;126(3):e25-e27. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001049.
citation: Trilla C, Luna C, De Leon Socorro S, Rodriguez L, Ruiz-Romero A, Mora Brugues J, Benitez Delgado T, Fabre M, Martin Martinez A, Ruiz-Martinez S, Llurba E, Oros D. First-Trimester Sequential Screening for Preeclampsia Using Angiogenic Factors: Study Protocol for a Prospective, Multicenter, Real Clinical Setting Study. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Jul 26;9:931943. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.931943. eCollection 2022.