Clinical trial NCT01575184: Effect of Shoulder Traction on Size and Relative Position of Internal Jugular Vein to Carotid Artery
Official title: Effect of Shoulder Position and Head Rotation on Size and Relative Position of Internal Jugular Vein to Carotid Artery in Infants and Children
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation
Common Carotid Artery
Infants
Keywords: internal jugular vein cannulation
common carotid artery
infants
Lead sponsor: Samsung Medical Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2012-04-11
Enrollment: 25
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 1
Maximum age (years): 12
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL

Brief summary: Internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization is frequently performed in infants undergoing major surgery. Although it has been suggested that head rotation increases the degree of overlapping between IJV and carotid artery (CA), IJV catheterization without head rotation is extremely difficult in infants. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the caudo-lateral traction of the ipsilateral arm can decrease the degree of overlapping between IJV and CA in infants during head rotation.

Detailed description: Central venous catheterization is frequently performed in pediatric patients undergoing major surgery for fluid management and vasoactive drug therapy. Compared to subclavian vein, internal jugular vein (IJV) is generally preferred for catheterization because of the low incidence of serious complications, such as pneumothorax and hemothorax. However, especially in infants, IJV catheterization is still technically difficult because of the small size of the vein and anatomical variation.

In previous studies, ultrasound guidance and keeping in neutral head position have been recommended to increase the success rate and to decrease the overlap between carotid artery (CA) and IJV, respectively. However, devices for ultrasonography are not always available. Moreover, IJV catheterization without head rotation could be extremely difficult in infants because of relative the larger skull and the smaller neck than those of adults. Therefore, a simple method to relieve the overlap between CA and IJV would be needed.

During head rotation to the contralateral side, the cephalic part of IJV is moved to the same direction. Accordingly, the investigators thought that the counter traction of the caudal part of IJV using the caudo-lateral traction of the ipsilateral arm might relieve the overlap caused from head rotation. Therefore, the investigators evaluated the effect of the caudo-lateral traction of the ipsilateral arm on the overlap between common CA and IJV in infants.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* infants undergoing elective surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* subjects with congenital heart disease or mass in head and neck
* Subjects with anatomical malformation of great vessels
* previous central venous access via IJV

Primary outcomes:
measure: Carotid artery (CA) overlap (%)
timeFrame: 10 seconds after head positioning
Secondary outcomes:
measure: IJV (internal jugular vein) safety portion (%)
timeFrame: 10 seconds after head positioning
measure: overlap distance (mm)
timeFrame: 10 seconds after head position
measure: jugular to carotid distance (mm)
timeFrame: 10 seconds after head position
measure: CA diameter (mm)
timeFrame: 10 seconds after head positioning
measure: IJV diameter (mm)
timeFrame: 10 seconds after head positioning
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Seoul
country: Korea, Republic of
facility: Samsung Medical Center
Study officials:
affiliation: Samsung Medical Center
name: Jong Hwan Lee, MD, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Samsung Medical Center
name: Won Ho Kim, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: