Clinical trial NCT07006103: Precision Medicine Applied to the Study of Endometrial Cancer: Application of NGS for Molecular Classification
Official title: Precision Medicine Applied to Endometrial Cancer (EC)
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Conditions: Endometrial Cancer, Endometrial Neoplasm
Keywords: endometrial cancer
molecular classification
POLEmut subgroup
Lead sponsor: Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: CEMIC Buenos Aires
First posted: 2025-06-05
Enrollment: 400
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Patients of Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Section of Pathological Anatomy, Sequencing and Gynecological Oncology, and the "Norberto Quirno" Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC). Service of Pathological Anatomy, Molecular Pathology, Gynecology, Institute of Oncology, and Institute of Precision Medicine.

Brief summary: In recent years, knowledge about cancer biology has expanded significantly. The study of gene expression profiles has revealed the heterogeneous nature and potential reclassification of the various tumor subtypes based on specific genetic alterations. This is of great importance since it allows a therapeutic approach more directed to the intrinsic characteristics of each tumor (precision medicine).

Integrating clinicopathological information with molecular classification could provide new guidelines when approaching patients with EC, both in preoperative assessment and in adjuvant treatment and surveillance.

The application of molecular classification in endometrial carcinomas shows a subgroup of patients with an excellent prognosis, corresponding to the POLEmut subgroup that could be reclassified with eventual therapeutic de-escalation.

The clinical guidelines for the management of patients with endometrial cancer proposed by ESGO/ESTRO/ESP in 2020 recommend the use of this new classification, and warn that clinical management may be modified by the molecular classification in scenarios where adjuvant chemotherapy is considered (high-grade/high-risk disease).


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of EC diagnosed by histological biopsy and surgically treated sequentially in the participating centers in the last 5 years with clinical follow-up.
* Patients over 18 years of age, diagnosed with CE III-IV by histological biopsy, not susceptible to surgical treatment in each institution during the last 5 years in clinical follow-up. Cases with a diagnosis of carcinosarcoma (a rare subtype of endometrial carcinoma with sarcomatous transdifferentiation) are included.
* Material blocks fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin with a tumor volume in the paraffin block of at least 1 cm3

Exclusion Criteria:

* The following uterine neoplasms will be excluded:

  * Biphasic tumors (epithelial-mesenchymal) such as adenosarcoma.
  * Mesenchymal neoplasms such as endometrial stromal sarcoma and leiomyosarcomas.
  * Others: primary lymphoproliferative processes of the uterine body; neuroendocrine tumors; Gestational trophoblastic disease, secondary lesions either of the genital tract (example: cervical carcinomas with extension to the endometrium) or of distant sites (breast cancer metastasis).

    * Patients with synchronous endometrial and ovarian carcinoma
    * For technical reasons, they will be excluded
  * tumors smaller than 0.2 cm in which sufficient material cannot be obtained for immunohistochemical and molecular biology determinations.
  * Tumors with severe artifacts due to poor processing, such as autolysis.
  * Samples with low-quality DNA

    * Patients operated on outside participating centers.
    * Patients under 18 years of age.
    * Patients with primary non-surgical treatments (neoadjuvant chemotherapy).

Primary outcomes:
measure: Distribution of Endometrial Cancer Molecular Subtypes Identified by Immunohistochemistry and POLE Sequencing
timeFrame: At study inclusion (retrospective evaluation of cases from the last 5 years). Units: Percentage of patients per subtype
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Association Between Molecular Subtypes and Histological Risk Categories.
timeFrame: At study inclusion (retrospective evaluation of cases from the last 5 years).
measure: Time to Recurrence by Molecular Subtype
timeFrame: At study inclusion (retrospective evaluation of cases from the last 5 years).
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
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