Clinical trial NCT02359643: Multi-center Prospective Randomized Control Trail of High Dose Aspirin in Acute Stage of Kawasaki Disease
Official title: Multi-center Prospective Randomized Control Trail of High Dose Aspirin in Acute Stage of Kawasaki Disease
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Kawasaki Disease
Keywords: Kawasaki disease
Lead sponsor: Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2015-02-10
Enrollment: 300
Sex: ALL
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute multi-system vasculitis syndrome of unknown etiology occurring mostly in infants and children younger than 5 years of age. In developed countries, it is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. However, KD remains a mysterious disease.

Single high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG, 2gm/kg) and aspirin are standard treatment for KD. Aspirin have been prescribed in treatment of KD for decade even earlier than usage of IVIG. High dose aspirin mainly act as anti-inflammation, while low dose aspirin as anti-platelet. IVIG may play most of the role of anti-inflammation in acute stage of KD. Hsieh et al. reported that KD without high dose aspirin had the same treatment response after IVIG. Therefore it is still unclear about the necessarily of high dose aspirin in acute stage of KD.

This study was conduct to investigate the role of high dose aspirin in acute stage of KD via a multi-center randomized control trail, and we plan to achieve the followings till year 2017:

1. Enroll 300 KD patients from multiple medical centers . Randomize group patients as group 1: with high dose aspirin (more than 30/mg/kd/day) until fever subsided and shift to low dose aspirin (3-5mg/kg/day, N=150); and group 2: without high dose aspirin during acute febrile stage, only use low dose aspirin (N=150).
2. Compare data including fever days, admission duration, laboratory data (CBC/DC, GOT/GPT, BUN/Cr, Alb, ESR, CRP, 2D echo), IVIG treatment response and CAL formation rate (followed at least 1 year).

Detailed description: All subjects are children who fulfilled the criteria for KD and who are treated with IVIG at each hospital after informed contents are obtained. The patients are initially treated with a single dose of IVIG (2 g/kg) during a 12-hour period.

Principal clinical features of KD that occur in the acute stage within 5 days of the onset of fever will be recorded. After the informed content from the parents, PB samples will be obtained before IVIG treatment (pre-IVIG, KD1), within 3 days after complete initial IVIG treatment (post-IVIG, KD2) as the acute stage samples and then 1 month, 6 month and 12 month followed-up as subacute/convalescent stage samples. CAL was defined as the internal diameter being at least 3 mm of the coronary artery (4 mm if the subject was over the age of 5 years) or the internal diameter of a segment at least 1.5 times as large as that of an adjacent segment by echocardiogram.

High dose aspirin will be given (\> 30 mg/kg/day) until the fever subsided at group 1 randomly. After fever subside (\<38C, for 48 hours) low-dose aspirin (3-5 mg/kg/day) will be prescribed for all patients until all signs of inflammation resolved in both group 1 and 2.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria: (both 1 and 2)

1. All subjects are children who fulfilled the criteria for Kawasaki Disease (American Heart Association criteria).

1. Fever \> 5 days, and 4 of the 5 following symptoms
2. Diffuse mucosal inflammation (strawberry tongue, dry and fissured lips)
3. Bilateral non-purulent conjunctivitis,
4. Dysmorphous skin rashes,
5. Indurative angioedema over the hands and feet
6. Cervical lymphadenopathy. (One or more nodule at lease 1.5 cm in diameter) 2. KD patients are treated with IVIG at each hospital after informed contents are obtained.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients whose symptoms did not full fit the Kawasaki Disease criteria.
2. Had an acute fever for \< 5 days and \>10 days
3. Incomplete collection of each followed-up data (CBC/DC, GOT/GPT, BUN/Cr, Albumin, ESR, C-Reactive Protein, 2D echocardiography)
4. IVIG treatment at other hospital before refers to study centers.
5. Treatment with corticosteroids, other than inhaled forms, in the previous 2 weeks before enrollment;
6. The presence of a disease known to mimic Kawasaki disease.
7. Previous diagnosis of Kawasaki disease
8. Inability to take aspirin

Primary outcomes:
measure: To assess total hospital day
timeFrame: 5-10 days
Secondary outcomes:
measure: To assess total fever duration
timeFrame: 5-10 days
measure: To assess how many times of intramenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment
timeFrame: 21 days
measure: To examine whether coronary artery lesion formation (CAL)
timeFrame: 6-8 weeks
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
affiliation: Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
name: Ho-Chang Kuo, MD, PhD
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
citation: Hsieh KS, Weng KP, Lin CC, Huang TC, Lee CL, Huang SM. Treatment of acute Kawasaki disease: aspirin's role in the febrile stage revisited. Pediatrics. 2004 Dec;114(6):e689-93. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-1037. Epub 2004 Nov 15.
citation: Chen CH, Lin LY, Yang KD, Hsieh KS, Kuo HC. Kawasaki disease with G6PD deficiency--report of one case and literature review. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2014 Jun;47(3):261-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2012.05.002. Epub 2012 Jun 23.