Clinical trial NCT00218179: Assessing the Link Between Smoke Carcinogen Biomarkers and Lung Cancer Risk - 1
Official title: Prostate, Lung, Colon, and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screen Trial
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Tobacco Use Disorder
Lung Cancer
Keywords: Lung Cancer
Cotinine
NNAL
Carcinogens
Case-control
SNPs
Lead sponsor: University of Minnesota
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
First posted: 2005-09-22
Enrollment: 200
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 55
Maximum age (years): 74
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Case-control study nested within the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Subjects consisted of screening arm subjects who were smokers at baseline and who contributed biorepository samples at the first screening visit.

Brief summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Currently it remains impossible to predict which smokers will get cancer. Each puff of a cigarette delivers a mixture of over 60 known carcinogens. Biomarkers that quantify carcinogen levels and metabolism are a useful tool and available to use. The purpose of this study is to assess the link between tobacco smoke carcinogen biomarkers and the risk of developing lung cancer.

Detailed description: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Approximately 90% of lung cancer is caused by cigarette smoking. While most lung cancer cases occur in smokers or ex-smokers, only 15-25% of smokers will get lung cancer. Currently it remains impossible to predict which smokers will get cancer.

Each puff of a cigarette delivers, along with nicotine, a mixture of over 60 known carcinogens. Most of these carcinogens require metabolic activation before they can negatively affect cell DNA and cause cancer. Biomarkers that quantify carcinogen levels and metabolic activity of carcinogens are a useful tool and available to use. The purpose of this study is to assess the link between tobacco smoke carcinogen biomarkers and the risk of developing lung cancer.

This observational case-control study will involve a random selection from a group of smokers who are participating in the Prostrate, Lung, Colon, and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screen Trial. The chosen cases will include 300 incident lung cancer cases and 300 controls (participants who have had no diagnosis of lung cancer). Demographic and baseline data from the PLCO database will be obtained. Prior baseline blood samples from the PLCO trial will be obtained as well. Based on age, sex, and smoking history, participants will be grouped into triplets in order to pool their blood samples. These samples will then be analyzed to determine whether distributions of biomarker levels in lung cancer participants differ from those in non-lung cancer participants. This study will not involve recruitment of any participants, as data and samples from the PLCO trial will be used and no new blood samples will be obtained.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Screening arm participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colon, and Ovarian Screen Trial (PLCO)
* Reported smoking on baseline questionnaire of PLCO
* Contributed biorepository samples

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unstable physical or mental health

Primary outcomes:
measure: Lung cancer
timeFrame: Cumulative incidence
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Minneapolis
country: United States
facility: University of Minnesota
state: Minnesota
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Minnesota
name: Timothy Church, Ph.D.
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Church TR, Haznadar M, Geisser MS, Anderson KE, Caporaso NE, Le C, Abdullah SB, Hecht SS, Oken MM, Van Ness B. Interaction of CYP1B1, cigarette-smoke carcinogen metabolism, and lung cancer risk. Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet. 2010 Aug 5;1(4):295-309.
citation: Church TR, Anderson KE, Caporaso NE, Geisser MS, Le CT, Zhang Y, Benoit AR, Carmella SG, Hecht SS. A prospectively measured serum biomarker for a tobacco-specific carcinogen and lung cancer in smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Jan;18(1):260-6. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0718.
citation: Fang G, Haznadar M, Wang W, Yu H, Steinbach M, Church TR, Oetting WS, Van Ness B, Kumar V. High-order SNP combinations associated with complex diseases: efficient discovery, statistical power and functional interactions. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e33531. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033531. Epub 2012 Apr 19.