Clinical trial NCT05253469: Infective Endocarditis Surgery Using Conventional Prosthetic Valves Versus Cryopreserved Aortic Homograft
Official title: Cryopreserved Aortic Homograft Versus Conventional Prosthetic Valves for Infective Endocarditis Involving the Aortic Valve : a Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
Conditions: Infective Endocarditis
Heart Failure
Keywords: IE ; CAH ; AVRpl ; Root replacement; Intervalvular fibrosa
Lead sponsor: Centre Cardiologique du Nord
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Campus Bio-Medico University
name: Henri Mondor University Hospital
name: Universita degli Studi di Genova
name: University of Bristol
name: Aberdeen Royal Infirmary
First posted: 2022-02-23
Enrollment: 800
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 90
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Adults with aortic valve endocarditis with or without infection extending to other heart structures who were symptomatic of congestive heart failure and unresponsive to medical therapy and who were eligible for surgical aortic valve replacement. The severity of AMR was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography, performed using the European Society of Echocardiography criteria.

Brief summary: : Evidence suggested that autologous or allogeneic tissue is more suitable to synthetic material in an infected field. Given the unwillingness of some surgeons to use artificial foreign materials, such as conventional mechanical or stent xenograft valve prostheses, cryopreserved aortic homografts (CAH) have been recommended revealing favorable outcomes in aortic valve endocarditis (AVE) surgery (1-5). This aspect is even more evident in cases involving prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) and other complex and aggressive lesions involving the aortic root and intervalvular fibrosa with abscess formation. However, most of these reports are fixed on single-arm observational studies without comparing CAH with conventional prostheses.

The key question of this study is to establish the difference in treatment failure (death, recurrent aortic valve regurgitation and reoperation), all-cause and cause-specific (cardiac vs noncardiac) mortality, hospitalizations for heart failure during follow-up (structural/non structural valve deterioration, thromboembolism and recurrent endocarditis) in patients who received the CAH vs conventional mechanical or stent xenograft valve prostheses for aortic valve replacement (AVR) secondary to infective endocarditis (IE)

Detailed description: The target population enrolled in the study includes patients with aortic-valve endocarditis at risk of embolization, heart failure and uncontrolled infection undergoing AVR with the use of CAH or conventional mechanical or stent xenograft valve prostheses. Individuals were adequately treated per applicable standards, including for the treatment of infection, LV dysfunction and heart failure. Patients enrolled in the studies were NYHA functional class II, III, or outpatient NYHA IV.

Three groups of patients are included in the study. Patients who were managed with CAH, patients who received AVR with conventional stented xenograft and recipients of AVR undergoing surgery with the use of mechanical prostheses.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Duke Criteria
* Uncontrolled Infection Local abscess Large vegetation False aneurysm, Fistula, Dehiscence of PV
* Embolism Large vegetation \>10mm, persistent infection
* Heart Failure Involvement of aortic root, intervalvular fibrosa, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock

Exclusion Criteria :

* Pediatric
* Any echocardiographic evidence of absence of IE

Primary outcomes:
measure: Treatment failure
timeFrame: 10 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Overall Mortality
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Cardiac Death
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Non Cardiac Death
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Hospitalizations for Heart Failure (HF)
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Major Adverse Cardiac or Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE)
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Echocardiographic Parameter Changes (LVEF)
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Echocardiographic Parameter Changes (recurrence)
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Echocardiographic Parameter Changes (LVEDD)
timeFrame: 10 years
measure: Echocardiographic Parameter Changes (Aortic Root diameter)
timeFrame: 10 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Saint Denis
country: France
facility: Francesco Nappi
Study officials:
affiliation: Centre Cardiologique du Nord
name: Francesco Nappi, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Nappi F, Nenna A, Petitti T, Spadaccio C, Gambardella I, Lusini M, Chello M, Acar C. Long-term outcome of cryopreserved allograft for aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018 Oct;156(4):1357-1365.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.04.040. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
citation: Olivito S, Lalande S, Nappi F, Hammoudi N, D'Alessandro C, Fouret P, Acar C. Structural deterioration of the cryopreserved mitral homograft valve. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Aug;144(2):313-20, 320.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.06.041. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
citation: Nappi F, Spadaccio C, Dreyfus J, Attias D, Acar C, Bando K. Mitral endocarditis: A new management framework. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018 Oct;156(4):1486-1495.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.03.159. Epub 2018 Apr 13. No abstract available.
citation: Nappi F, Spadaccio C, Acar C. Use of allogeneic tissue to treat infective valvular disease: Has everything been said? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 Apr;153(4):824-828. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.09.071. Epub 2016 Oct 24. No abstract available.
citation: Kim JB, Ejiofor JI, Yammine M, Camuso JM, Walsh CW, Ando M, Melnitchouk SI, Rawn JD, Leacche M, MacGillivray TE, Cohn LH, Byrne JG, Sundt TM. Are homografts superior to conventional prosthetic valves in the setting of infective endocarditis involving the aortic valve? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 May;151(5):1239-46, 1248.e1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.12.061. Epub 2016 Jan 23.
citation: Sabik JF, Lytle BW, Blackstone EH, Marullo AG, Pettersson GB, Cosgrove DM. Aortic root replacement with cryopreserved allograft for prosthetic valve endocarditis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002 Sep;74(3):650-9; discussion 659. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(02)03779-7.
citation: Savage EB, Saha-Chaudhuri P, Asher CR, Brennan JM, Gammie JS. Outcomes and prosthesis choice for active aortic valve infective endocarditis: analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. Ann Thorac Surg. 2014 Sep;98(3):806-14. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.05.010. Epub 2014 Jul 29.