Clinical trial NCT02647255: Trial of Plasma Exchange for Severe Crescentic IgA Nephropathy
Official title: Randomized Trial of Plasma Exchange as Adjunctive Therapy for Severe Crescentic GlomerUlonephritis of IgA NEphropathy (RESCUE Study)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: TERMINATED
Phase: PHASE2
PHASE3
Conditions: Glomerulonephritis, IGA
Kidney Diseases
Acute Renal Insufficiency
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
Keywords: crescentic IgA nephropathy
plasma exchange treatment or plasmapheresis
randomized controlled trial
intensive immunosuppressive treatment
methylprednisolone pulse
Lead sponsor: Peking University First Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2016-01-06
Enrollment: 10
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 14
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Crescentic IgA nephropathy (CreIgAN) has a poor prognosis despite aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. The efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) in CreIgAN is not well defined. This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of plasma exchange as adjunctive therapy for severe crescentic IgA nephropathy compared to pulse methylprednisolone on a background of oral prednisolone and cyclophosphamide in prevent kidney failure.

Detailed description: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common glomerulonephritides and is characterized by a highly variable clinical course and diverse histopathological lesions. Although most affected individuals develop chronic, slowly progressive renal injury, a subgroup of patients (\<5% of all IgAN patients) with diffuse crescent formation, which is termed as crescentic IgA nephropathy (CreIgAN) and often leads to rapidly progressive kidney failure. The recent Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines suggest high-dose steroids and cyclophosphamide therapy for CreIgAN. However, this suggestion is mainly based on several small observational studies, and the 1- and 5-year renal survival rates of patients treated with this regimen were as low as 65% and 28%, respectively, in one large cohort of CreIgAN patients. The efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) in severe CreIgAN is not well evaluated, although several anecdotal reports have indicated benefit of PE in combination with immunosuppressive therapies in IgAN patients. Retrospective cohort study in our unite also supported the benefit of PE as additional therapy for CreIgAN patients. However, randomized controlled trial is needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of plasma exchange as adjunctive therapy for crescentic IgA nephropathy compared to pulse methylprednisolone on a background of oral prednisolone and cyclophosphamide in prevent kidney failure.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Biopsy-proven within 3ws
2. Primary IgAN or Henoch-Schönlein Purpura nephritis of crescent \>50%(\>8 glomeruli)
3. Serum creatinine ≥ 200 μmol/l， rapidly deterioration of renal function

Exclusion Criteria:

1. \<14 or \>65 years old
2. With high Scr requiring dialysis for≥ 3w
3. Scr\>200μmol/L ≥1 yr before entry
4. Main of old crescent ; Fibrous crescent\>50%
5. Anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) or antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) antibody positive
6. Women in gestational and lactational period
7. With diabetes or uncontrollable malignant hypertension or Thrombotic Microangiopathy
8. With Malignancy
9. Chronic active infection including HBV hepatitis C virus (HCV) HIV or active tuberculosis
10. Other autoimmune disease
11. A second clearly defined cause of renal failure
12. Contraindication of plasma exchange treatment or steroid pulse
13. Patients who are unlikely to comply with the study protocol in the view of the treating physician.

Primary outcomes:
measure: End-stage renal disease or death
timeFrame: 12 months after final subject is enrolled
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Renal remission
timeFrame: 12 months after final subject is enrolled
measure: Proteinuria remission
timeFrame: At the 12th month and 36th month after randomization
Other outcomes:
measure: Rate of serious adverse events
timeFrame: From 12 months after first subject enrolled to 12 months after final subject is enrolled
Locations:
city: Beijing
country: China
facility: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital
state: Beijing
city: Beijing
country: China
facility: Renal division, Peking University First Hospital
state: Beijing
Study officials:
affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital;Peking University Institute of Nephrology
name: Hong Zhang, MD, PHD
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Suzuki H, Kiryluk K, Novak J, Moldoveanu Z, Herr AB, Renfrow MB, Wyatt RJ, Scolari F, Mestecky J, Gharavi AG, Julian BA. The pathophysiology of IgA nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Oct;22(10):1795-803. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2011050464. Epub 2011 Sep 23.
citation: Lv J, Yang Y, Zhang H, Chen W, Pan X, Guo Z, Wang C, Li S, Zhang J, Zhang J, Liu L, Shi S, Wang S, Chen M, Cui Z, Chen N, Yu X, Zhao M, Wang H. Prediction of outcomes in crescentic IgA nephropathy in a multicenter cohort study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Dec;24(12):2118-25. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2012101017. Epub 2013 Sep 12.
citation: Abe T, Kida H, Yoshimura M, Yokoyama H, Koshino Y, Tomosugi N, Hattori N. Participation of extracapillary lesions (ECL) in progression of IgA nephropathy. Clin Nephrol. 1986 Jan;25(1):37-41.
citation: Tang Z, Wu Y, Wang QW, Yu YS, Hu WX, Yao XD, Chen HP, Liu ZH, Li LS. Idiopathic IgA nephropathy with diffuse crescent formation. Am J Nephrol. 2002 Sep-Dec;22(5-6):480-6. doi: 10.1159/000065281.
citation: Tumlin JA, Lohavichan V, Hennigar R. Crescentic, proliferative IgA nephropathy: clinical and histological response to methylprednisolone and intravenous cyclophosphamide. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Jul;18(7):1321-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfg081.
citation: Pankhurst T, Lepenies J, Nightingale P, Howie AJ, Adu D, Harper L. Vasculitic IgA nephropathy: prognosis and outcome. Nephron Clin Pract. 2009;112(1):c16-24. doi: 10.1159/000210570. Epub 2009 Apr 3.
citation: Jayne DR, Gaskin G, Rasmussen N, Abramowicz D, Ferrario F, Guillevin L, Mirapeix E, Savage CO, Sinico RA, Stegeman CA, Westman KW, van der Woude FJ, de Lind van Wijngaarden RA, Pusey CD; European Vasculitis Study Group. Randomized trial of plasma exchange or high-dosage methylprednisolone as adjunctive therapy for severe renal vasculitis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Jul;18(7):2180-8. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007010090. Epub 2007 Jun 20.
citation: Nicholls K, Becker G, Walker R, Wright C, Kincaid-Smith P. Plasma exchange in progressive IgA nephropathy. J Clin Apher. 1990;5(3):128-32. doi: 10.1002/jca.2920050303.
citation: Lai KN, Lai FM, Leung AC, Ho CP, Vallance-Owen J. Plasma exchange in patients with rapidly progressive idiopathic IgA nephropathy: a report of two cases and review of literature. Am J Kidney Dis. 1987 Jul;10(1):66-70. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(87)80014-8.
citation: Fujinaga S, Ohtomo Y, Umino D, Mochizuki H, Murakami H, Shimizu T, Yamashiro Y, Kaneko K. Plasma exchange combined with immunosuppressive treatment in a child with rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007 Jun;22(6):899-902. doi: 10.1007/s00467-006-0428-4. Epub 2007 Feb 7.
citation: Nicholls K, Walker RG, Dowling JP, Kincaid-Smith P. "Malignant" IgA nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 1985 Jan;5(1):42-6. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(85)80134-7.
citation: Roccatello D, Ferro M, Coppo R, Giraudo G, Quattrocchio G, Piccoli G. Report on intensive treatment of extracapillary glomerulonephritis with focus on crescentic IgA nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995 Nov;10(11):2054-9.
citation: Schwartz J, Winters JL, Padmanabhan A, Balogun RA, Delaney M, Linenberger ML, Szczepiorkowski ZM, Williams ME, Wu Y, Shaz BH. Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice-evidence-based approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: the sixth special issue. J Clin Apher. 2013 Jul;28(3):145-284. doi: 10.1002/jca.21276.