Clinical trial NCT05466201: The Use of Eltrombopag Post HSCT in BMFS
Official title: A Multicenter Clinical Study of a TPO Receptor Agonist (Eltrombopag) in the Acceleration of Engraftment Post Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation of Bone Marrow Failure Diseases
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE2
PHASE3
Conditions: Stem Cell Transplant Complications
Keywords: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Bone marrow failure syndrome
Eltrombopag
Thrombocytopenia
Lead sponsor: The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2022-07-20
Enrollment: 120
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 12
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: PREVENTION

Brief summary: Bone marrow failure disease(BMFD) is a kind of bone marrow due to congenital or acquired hematopoietic stem cells (hemopoietic stem cell, HSC) function damage. Allogenic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) might be the most possible treatment to cure the disease.However, 5-26% of patients have been reported to have delayed platelet engraftment (DPE), which is defined as persistent severe thrombocytopenia (\<20 × 109/L) for \>35 days after transplantation . To date, no standard treatment and prevention has been recommended for DPE. In patients with DPE, the amount of transfusion, the increased risk of infection, and the prolonged average hospital stay were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of allo-HSCT patients. Due to continuous and progressive failure in the bone marrow hematopoiesis, thrombocytopenia post HSCT is more common in BMFD patients and often achieves low response to conventional therapy, such as platelet transfusion. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively promote hematopoietic reconstruction to improve the prognosis of transplant patients.

Detailed description: Bone marrow failure disease(BMFD) is a kind of bone marrow due to congenital or acquired hematopoietic stem cells (hemopoietic stem cell, HSC) function damage. Generally, BMFD can be divided into two categories based on pathogenesis, which is primary and secondary BMFD. The latter is commonly seen secondary to infection, cancer, drugs, while aplastic anemia(AA), myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS), paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria(PNH) and Fanconi anaemia(FA) are included in primary BMFD. Although immunotherapy or allogenic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) can be selected based on different individuals, allo-HSCT is still the most effective treatment for diseases that pose a greater threat to life or have a higher degree of malignancy, such as sereve aplastic anemia(SAA), MDS and PNH. Patients undergoing allo-HSCT typically achieve neutrophil and megakaryocyte reconstruction within 2 weeks and 3 weeks after transplantation respectively. However, 5-26% of patients have been reported to have delayed platelet engraftment (DPE), which is defined as persistent severe thrombocytopenia (\<20 × 109/L) for \>35 days after transplantation . To date, no standard treatment and prevention has been recommended for DPE. In patients with DPE, the amount of transfusion, the increased risk of infection, and the prolonged average hospital stay were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of allo-HSCT patients. Due to continuous and progressive failure in the bone marrow hematopoiesis, thrombocytopenia post HSCT is more common in BMFD patients and often achieves low response to conventional therapy, such as platelet transfusion. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively promote hematopoietic reconstruction to improve the prognosis of transplant patients.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

Patients diagnosed as bone marrow failure disease who received allo-HSCT; Physical strength score 0-3 according to WHO standard

Exclusion Criteria:

1. single or double umbilical cord blood transplantation;
2. allergic to any of the research drugs involved in the protocol;
3. simultaneously suffering from another malignant tumor;
4. pregnant or lactating women;
5. participating in other clinical researchers at the same time;
6. patients with at least one following high risk factors of thrombosis: past medical history of thromboembolism, concurrent grade 2 to 3 hypertension (systolic BP\>=160mmHg or diastolic BP\>=100mmHg) , diabetes, obesity(BMI\>30), family history of stroke, smoke for more than 10 years , or history of catheter thrombosis;
7. severe cataract;
8. Severe infectious diseases (uncured tuberculosis, pulmonary aspergillosis, viral infection, active hepatitis B/C; for positive HBsAg and HBcAg, patient is excluded if hepatitis B DNA nucleic acid test is positive, DNA negative patients can enter this clinical trial; patients with hepatitis C who have a positive hepatitis C RNA nucleic acid test are excluded).;
9. Abnormal liver and kidney function: creatinine level ≥177 μmol/l (1.5mg/dl), transaminase and bilirubin levels increased significantly (3 times or more than the upper limit of normal), and who cannot be enrolled at the discretion of clinician.
10. In moribund condition or concurrent severe liver, kidney, heart, nerve, lung, infectious or metabolic diseases, the severity of which will cause the patient to be unable to tolerate the treatment regimen, or may die within 7-10 days

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number and proportion of platelet engraftment on day 35 post HSCT.
timeFrame: From day 28 to 35 post HSCT
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Number and proportion of subjects achieving neutrophil engraftment at day 35 post HSCT.
timeFrame: From day 28 to 35 post HSCT
measure: Hematopoietic reconstruction time.
timeFrame: From day 1 to day 180 post HSCT
measure: Overall survival (OS)
timeFrame: From day 1 to day 720 post HSCT or the time of the patients enrolled dead or quitting
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Suzhou
country: China
facility: The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
state: Jiangsu
Study officials:
affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
name: Depei Wu, PhD,MD
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
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citation: Marotta S, Marano L, Ricci P, Cacace F, Frieri C, Simeone L, Trastulli F, Vitiello S, Cardano F, Pane F, Risitano AM. Eltrombopag for post-transplant cytopenias due to poor graft function. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2019 Aug;54(8):1346-1353. doi: 10.1038/s41409-019-0442-3. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
citation: Mahat U, Rotz SJ, Hanna R. Use of Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists in Prolonged Thrombocytopenia after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2020 Mar;26(3):e65-e73. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.12.003. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
citation: Zeidan AM, Battiwalla M, Berlyne D, Winkler T. Aplastic Anemia and MDS International Foundation (AAMDSIF): Bone marrow failure disease scientific symposium 2016. Leuk Res. 2017 Feb;53:8-12. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.11.011. Epub 2016 Nov 24.
citation: Dominietto A, Raiola AM, van Lint MT, Lamparelli T, Gualandi F, Berisso G, Bregante S, Frassoni F, Casarino L, Verdiani S, Bacigalupo A. Factors influencing haematological recovery after allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplants: graft-versus-host disease, donor type, cytomegalovirus infections and cell dose. Br J Haematol. 2001 Jan;112(1):219-27. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02468.x.