Clinical trial NCT00000902: A Study on the Management of Combination Anti-HIV Drug Therapy in HIV-Positive Children With Prior Treatment
Official title: RAD-1: A Phase I/II Antiretroviral Management Algorithm for Pediatric Subjects of Four-Drug Combination Therapies Based on Prior Antiretroviral Experience
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: HIV Infections
Keywords: Zalcitabine
Didanosine
Drug Therapy, Combination
Zidovudine
Nevirapine
Stavudine
Ritonavir
Lamivudine
RNA, Viral
Anti-HIV Agents
Nelfinavir
Lead sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Sponsor class: NIH
First posted: 2001-08-31
Enrollment: 217
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 6
Maximum age (years): 21
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine the value of changing anti-HIV medications in children with progressive HIV disease who have received previous treatment.

Plasma viral load (the level of HIV in the blood) is probably most effectively reduced by giving patients anti-HIV drugs which affect the virus at various stages of development. Changing the medications may enhance the results of treatment.

Detailed description: The Master RAD Protocol is based on the concept that optimal suppression of viral load in vivo will be achieved in patients with rapidly progressing or advanced HIV disease (RAD) using antiretroviral combinations inhibiting viral replication at distinct sites of action. Antiretroviral combinations are chosen with the hypothesis that simultaneous change to as many new agents as possible is necessary to maximally reduce plasma viral load.

In this open-label, multicenter study patients are randomized into 1 of 4 groups based on prior antiretroviral experience. Each regimen consists of 4 drugs that include a combination of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (stavudine, lamivudine, zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine) plus nevirapine (NVP), nelfinavir (NFV), or ritonavir (RTV). Patients must be naive to at least 2 of the 4 drugs in the regimen and at least 1 of the novel drugs must be NVP, NFV, or RTV.

Prior to randomization to a NFV- or RTV-containing regimen, patients are stratified by HIV RNA (greater than or equal to 50,000 or less than 50,000) and must able to receive 2 or more novel drugs.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria

Your child may be eligible for this study if he or she:

* Is HIV-positive.
* Is between the ages of 6 months and 21 years (consent of parent or guardian required if under 18).
* Has an HIV blood level above 50,000 copies/mL on 2 consecutive occasions, while taking anti-HIV therapy.
* Has advanced HIV disease or disease progression while receiving 8 weeks or more of continuous unchanged anti-HIV therapy.
* Is able to receive at least one of the following: RTV, NVP, or NFV.

Exclusion Criteria

Your child will not be eligible for this study if he or she:

* Is receiving treatment for a serious bacterial, viral, or opportunistic (HIV-associated) infection within 14 days prior to study entry.
* Has a history of pancreatitis or peripheral neuropathy.
* Has cancer requiring chemotherapy.
* Is allergic to the study medications.
* Is taking certain medications.
* Is pregnant.

Primary outcomes:
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Birmingham
country: United States
facility: Univ of Alabama at Birmingham - Pediatric
state: Alabama
city: Mobile
country: United States
facility: Univ of South Alabama
state: Alabama
city: La Jolla
country: United States
facility: UCSD Med Ctr / Pediatrics / Clinical Sciences
state: California
city: Long Beach
country: United States
facility: Long Beach Memorial (Pediatric)
state: California
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: Los Angeles County - USC Med Ctr
state: California
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: Cedars Sinai / UCLA Med Ctr
state: California
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: Harbor - UCLA Med Ctr / UCLA School of Medicine
state: California
city: Oakland
country: United States
facility: Children's Hosp of Oakland
state: California
city: San Francisco
country: United States
facility: UCSF / Moffitt Hosp - Pediatric
state: California
city: Denver
country: United States
facility: Children's Hosp of Denver
state: Colorado
city: Farmington
country: United States
facility: Connecticut Children's Med Ctr
state: Connecticut
city: New Haven
country: United States
facility: Yale Univ Med School
state: Connecticut
city: Washington
country: United States
facility: Howard Univ Hosp
state: District of Columbia
city: Fort Lauderdale
country: United States
facility: North Broward Hosp District
state: Florida
city: Jacksonville
country: United States
facility: Univ of Florida Health Science Ctr / Pediatrics
state: Florida
city: Miami
country: United States
facility: Univ of Miami (Pediatric)
state: Florida
city: Atlanta
country: United States
facility: Emory Univ Hosp / Pediatrics
state: Georgia
city: Augusta
country: United States
facility: Med College of Georgia
state: Georgia
city: Columbus
country: United States
facility: The Med Ctr Inc
state: Georgia
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: Cook County Hosp
state: Illinois
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: Univ of Illinois College of Medicine / Pediatrics
state: Illinois
city: Chicago
country: United States
facility: Chicago Children's Memorial Hosp
state: Illinois
city: New Orleans
country: United States
facility: Tulane Univ / Charity Hosp of New Orleans
state: Louisiana
city: Baltimore
country: United States
facility: Univ of Maryland at Baltimore / Univ Med Ctr
state: Maryland
city: Baltimore
country: United States
facility: Johns Hopkins Hosp - Pediatric
state: Maryland
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Children's Hosp of Boston
state: Massachusetts
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Boston City Hosp / Pediatrics
state: Massachusetts
city: Springfield
country: United States
facility: Baystate Med Ctr of Springfield
state: Massachusetts
city: Worcester
country: United States
facility: Univ of Massachusetts Med School
state: Massachusetts
city: Jackson
country: United States
facility: Univ of Mississippi Med Ctr
state: Mississippi
city: New Brunswick
country: United States
facility: UMDNJ - Robert Wood Johnson Med School / Pediatrics
state: New Jersey
city: Newark
country: United States
facility: Univ of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey / Univ Hosp
state: New Jersey
city: Newark
country: United States
facility: Saint Joseph's Hosp and Med Ctr/UMDNJ - New Jersey Med Schl
state: New Jersey
city: Albany
country: United States
facility: Children's Hosp at Albany Med Ctr
state: New York
city: Bronx
country: United States
facility: Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr
state: New York
city: Brooklyn
country: United States
facility: SUNY - Brooklyn
state: New York
city: Great Neck
country: United States
facility: North Shore Univ Hosp
state: New York
city: New Hyde Park
country: United States
facility: Schneider Children's Hosp
state: New York
city: New York
country: United States
facility: Bellevue Hosp / New York Univ Med Ctr
state: New York
city: New York
country: United States
facility: Cornell Univ Med College
state: New York
city: New York
country: United States
facility: Metropolitan Hosp Ctr
state: New York
city: New York
country: United States
facility: Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr
state: New York
city: New York
country: United States
facility: Incarnation Children's Ctr / Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr
state: New York
city: New York
country: United States
facility: Harlem Hosp Ctr
state: New York
city: Rochester
country: United States
facility: Univ of Rochester Med Ctr
state: New York
city: Stony Brook
country: United States
facility: State Univ of New York at Stony Brook
state: New York
city: Syracuse
country: United States
facility: SUNY Health Sciences Ctr at Syracuse / Pediatrics
state: New York
city: Durham
country: United States
facility: Duke Univ Med Ctr
state: North Carolina
city: Durham
country: United States
facility: Univ of North Carolina at Chapel Hill / Duke Univ Med Ctr
state: North Carolina
city: Columbus
country: United States
facility: Columbus Children's Hosp
state: Ohio
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: Children's Hosp of Philadelphia
state: Pennsylvania
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: Saint Christopher's Hosp for Children
state: Pennsylvania
city: Charleston
country: United States
facility: Med Univ of South Carolina
state: South Carolina
city: Memphis
country: United States
facility: Saint Jude Children's Research Hosp of Memphis
state: Tennessee
city: Nashville
country: United States
facility: Vanderbilt Univ Med Ctr
state: Tennessee
city: Dallas
country: United States
facility: Children's Med Ctr of Dallas
state: Texas
city: Houston
country: United States
facility: Texas Children's Hosp / Baylor Univ
state: Texas
city: Norfolk
country: United States
facility: Children's Hosp of the King's Daughters
state: Virginia
city: Richmond
country: United States
facility: Med College of Virginia
state: Virginia
city: Bayamon
country: Puerto Rico
facility: Ramon Ruiz Arnau Univ Hosp / Pediatrics
city: San Juan
country: Puerto Rico
facility: Univ of Puerto Rico / Univ Children's Hosp AIDS
city: San Juan
country: Puerto Rico
facility: San Juan City Hosp
Study officials:
name: Andrea Kovacs
role: STUDY_CHAIR
name: Sandra Burchett
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
citation: Weinberg A, Kovacs A, Pahwa S, Carey V, Oyomopito R, Mofenson L, Khoury M, Zimmer B, Burchett S. HIV-infected children on HAART reconstitute tetanus-specific T cell responses without booster vaccination. 8th Conf Retro and Opportun Infect. 2001 Feb 4-8 (abstract no 688)
citation: Frenkel LM, Burchett SK, Aldrovandi GM, Carey V, Oyomopito R, Mahalanibis M, Decker D, Kovacs A. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) M184V/I improves the rate of suppression of viral replication by salvage therapy. 8th Conf Retro and Opportun Infect. 2001 Feb 4-8 (abstract no 463)
citation: Kovacs A, Burchett S, Khoury M, Carey V, Pahwa S, McIntosh K, Oyomopito R, Smith E, Mofenson L. Virologic and immunologic responses in children with advanced HIV disease on a new HAART regimen (PACTG 366). 8th Conf Retro and Opportun Infect. 2001 Feb 4-8 (abstract no 684)
citation: Weinberg A, Pahwa S, Oyomopito R, Carey VJ, Zimmer B, Mofenson L, Kovacs A, Burchett SK; Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 366 Team. Antimicrobial-specific cell-mediated immune reconstitution in children with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Jul 1;39(1):107-14. doi: 10.1086/420931. Epub 2004 Jun 14.
citation: Saitoh A, Sarles E, Capparelli E, Aweeka F, Kovacs A, Burchett SK, Wiznia A, Nachman S, Fenton T, Spector SA. CYP2B6 genetic variants are associated with nevirapine pharmacokinetics and clinical response in HIV-1-infected children. AIDS. 2007 Oct 18;21(16):2191-9. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282ef9695.
citation: EV Capparelli, SK Burchett, A Kovacs, M Khoury, R Oyomopito, L Mofenson, B Zimmer, D Holland. Characterization of the Ritonavir-Nelfinavir Pharmacokinetic Interaction in Pediatric Patients with Advanced HIV Disease Using a Mixed Effects Modeling Approach, Pharmacotherapy, (2003), Abstract 67, Vol.23, No.3, pp.401.
citation: S. Burchett, M. Khoury, K. McIntosh, V. Carey, R. Oyomopito, L. Mofenson, E. Smith, A. Kovacs, Viral Load Reduction in Children with Advanced HIV Disease Treated with 4-Drug Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens Including NRTIs, Nevirapine, Nelfinavir and/or Ritonavir, CROI, 2000.