Clinical trial NCT03111602: Increase of Prostaglandin E2 in Reversal of Ductal Constriction After Dietary Restriction of Polyphenols
Official title: Increase of Prostaglandin E2 in Reversal of Ductal Constriction After Dietary Restriction of Polyphenols
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Pregnancy Complications
Keywords: polyphenols
pregnant
fetal ductal constriction
prostaglandin E2
Lead sponsor: Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2017-04-13
Enrollment: 75
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 45
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: Clinical trial with a healthy group as comparator.
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: INCREASE OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2 IN REVERSAL OF DUCTAL CONSTRICTION AFTER DIETARY RESTRICTION OF POLYPHENOLS.

Clinical trial with a healthy group as comparator. The interventional group was made up of third-trimester mothers whose single fetuses had ductal constriction, excluding those exposed to NSAID, and the control group only by third-trimester normal fetuses. The interventional group was submitted to dietary orientation to restrict polyphenol-rich foods and both groups answered a food frequency questionnaire after fetal Doppler-echocardiographic examination and blood draw for PGE2 levels analysis. After two weeks, the women were again submitted to fetal echocardiogram, dietary assessment and blood draw.

Detailed description: INCREASE OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2 IN REVERSAL OF DUCTAL CONSTRICTION AFTER DIETARY RESTRICTION OF POLYPHENOLS.

Fetal ductal constriction is a clinical situation with high morbidity and potential mortality. Patency the fetal ductus arteriosus (DA) depends on circulating prostaglandin (PG), which is produced by the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway during inflammatory response(1) and from the third trimester of pregnancy on, is physiologically released. COX-inhibiting substances, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can interfere with PG metabolism and induce constriction of the DA. To treat or prevent DA constriction, it is therefore important to reduce fetal exposure to drugs that may interfere with prostaglandin biosynthesis, such as natural anti-inflammatory drugs and polyphenol-rich foods.

Polyphenols, the most abundant antioxidants present in the diet, are widely distributed in vegetable foods. One of the possible mechanisms to explain their activity is inhibition of synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators. However, clinical studies investigating the effect of polyphenols on inflammatory responses are inconclusive and, in most cases, only evaluate clinical outcomes. The role of polyphenols on the inflammatory response, and associated modifications of the plasma concentration of PGE2 in pregnant women, has not yet been studied.

Despite the potential benefits of a diet rich in polyphenols, a high consumption of these substances in the third trimester of pregnancy may reduce plasma levels of PGE2 and result in DA constriction,so that a restriction in their ingestion during this period is already recommended.This functional problem has high prevalence and may result in severe fetal and neonatal complications. These considerations raised the hypothesis that reversal of fetal ductal constriction after maternal restriction of polyphenol-rich foods is accompanied by increased in prostaglandin E2 levels. Demonstration of this effect would represent an advancement in knowledge and might result in changes in dietary guidance during pregnancy and prevention of perinatal complications, with potential impact in terms of public health.

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that reversal of fetal ductal constriction in the third trimester of pregnancy, after maternal restriction of polyphenol-rich foods, is accompanied by increased plasma levels of prostaglandin E2.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria

* Pregnancy with diagnosis of fetal ductal constriction
* Single fetus
* gestational age from 28 weeks

Exclusion Criteria

* cardiac malformations
* restricted intrauterine growth
* increased nuchal translucency
* present or suspected chromosomal disorders
* signs of any type of hydrops fetalis
* pregnancy
* hypertension
* diabetes mellitus
* structural or functional cardiac disorders
* current use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, antidepressants, illicit drugs, alcohol or smoking
* multiple pregnancy
* having received previous nutritional guidance in relation to restricted intake of polyphenol-rich foods

Primary outcomes:
measure: Plasma levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
timeFrame: baseline and two weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Consumption of foods rich in Total Polyphenols (TP)
timeFrame: baseline and two weeks
Other outcomes:
measure: Diagnostic parameters of fetal ductus arteriosus constriction
timeFrame: baseline and two weeks
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
citation: Vian I, Zielinsky P, Zilio AM, Mello A, Lazzeri B, Oliveira A, Lampert KV, Piccoli A, Nicoloso LH, Bubols GB, Garcia SC. Development and validation of a food frequency questionnaire for consumption of polyphenol-rich foods in pregnant women. Matern Child Nutr. 2015 Oct;11(4):511-24. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12025. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
citation: Momma K, Toyoshima K, Takeuchi D, Imamura S, Nakanishi T. In vivo constriction of the fetal and neonatal ductus arteriosus by a prostanoid EP4-receptor antagonist in rats. Pediatr Res. 2005 Nov;58(5):971-5. doi: 10.1203/01.pdr.0000182182.49476.24.
citation: Zielinsky P, Piccoli AL Jr, Manica JL, Nicoloso LH, Vian I, Bender L, Pizzato P, Pizzato M, Swarowsky F, Barbisan C, Mello A, Garcia SC. Reversal of fetal ductal constriction after maternal restriction of polyphenol-rich foods: an open clinical trial. J Perinatol. 2012 Aug;32(8):574-9. doi: 10.1038/jp.2011.153. Epub 2011 Nov 3.