Clinical trial NCT02065323: A Study of Dovitinib With Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer Receiving Primary ADT
Official title: A Randomized Open-label Phase II Study of Oral Dovitinib in Combination With Androgen Deprivation Therapy to Delay the Onset of Castration-resistant Disease in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer Undergoing Primary Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: WITHDRAWN
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Prostate Cancer
Keywords: Prostate Cancer
Metastatic
Hormone-sensitive
Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT)
Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC)
Dovitinib
TKI258
Circulating Tumor Cells
Lead sponsor: Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada
First posted: 2014-02-19
Enrollment: 0
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This study will evaluate if adding the investigational drug Dovitinib to standard androgen ablation therapy (ADT) is beneficial in prolonging the time to disease progression in patients with metastatic prostate cancer who are receiving ADT for the first time.

Dovitinib belongs to the class of drugs known as tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors. Tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors have been shown to have anti-tumor effects and inhibit new blood vessel formation. New blood vessel development is necessary for the growth and spread of certain tumors, such as prostate cancer. It is thought that by inhibiting new blood vessel formation, any existing or new tumors may be unable to grow. Dovitinib targets existing cancer cells and also works to stop the formation of new blood vessels.

Patients will be randomly assigned to received ADT alone or ADT plus Dovitinib. ADT will be administered per standard of care. Dovitinib will be taken by mouth once daily for 5 continuous days, followed by 2 days with no Dovitinib. This schedule will repeat and continue until disease progression or removal from treatment for other reasons. Participants may start ADT prior to entering the study; however, treatment with Dovitinib must begin no later than 120 days from the start of ADT.

Participants will be asked to donate blood samples for research purposes; this is an optional part of the study. Research on blood samples will study circulating tumor cells and certain biomarkers (proteins on cells) to increase the understanding of prostate cancer and explore if certain biomarkers can help predict how tumors will react to treatment. Samples of existing tumor tissue will also be examined for research purposes.

Detailed description: In 2010, an estimated 217,730 new cases of prostate cancer occurred with 32,050 deaths in the United States of America. Prostate cancer exhibits a unique natural history that is a function of therapies rendered. Initially, the disease is treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with substantial regression of disease in the vast majority of patients. However, the response is short-lived, on the order of 18-24 months, with subsequent resumption of cancer growth manifesting as an increasing PSA, radiographic disease progression, and progressive symptoms related to the increasing disease burden, so called metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Almost all prostate cancer deaths occur in men with metastatic castration-resistant disease (CRPC).

An appropriate therapeutic strategy would be to utilize agents in combination with ADT that could serve to extend the sensitivity of the disease to primary ADT. The hormonal sensitive state, when the tumor burden is dramatically lowered due to therapeutic response, could represent the optimal context to introduce novel agents, leading to cytoreduction and/or maintenance of the hormone-sensitive state.

It has been demonstrated that the proangiogenic factor FGF-2 appears to play a central role in angiogenesis in hormone sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). Thus targeting FGF-2 in conjunction with primary ADT may represent a novel therapeutic strategy in the initial treatment of metastatic HSPC.

Dovitinib is a broad-targeted-profiled RTK inhibitor active against VEGF, FGF and PDGF. Anti-tumor effects for this agent may, therefore, be secondary to anti-angiogenesis, anti-proliferative activity against tumor cells, and anti-stromal activity.

The study will enroll patients with metastatic prostate disease receiving initial ADT. Participants will be randomized to receive ADT alone, or in combination with Dovitinib. Participants will be stratified based on ECOG PS, Prior ADT \> or \< 30 days, and disease location (bone only vs. other).

ADT will be administered per standard of care on both treatment arms. Patients randomized to the combination arm will receive ADT plus Dovitinib at a dose of 500 mg/day given on a five-days-on-two-days-off schedule. One cycle equals 28 days. Dovitinib cycles will repeat continuously until disease progression, or removal from study for other reasons. Patients must begin Dovitinib within 120 days after the start of ADT. Thereafter, patients will be allowed to remain on the study until unacceptable side effect(s) occur, or until there is disease progression to castration-resistance status.

Quality of life will be assessed during the course of the study utilizing the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (self administered FACT-P).

Blood samples obtained at specified time points will be collected for research purposes from participants who provide consent to do so. Biomarkers pertinent to the hypothesized mechanism of action will be evaluated. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) will be enumerated at baseline (CellSearch™), and every 3 months thereafter. An additional citrate tube of blood will be collected for CTC-based ex-vivo culture analysis with each CTC draw. Samples of archival prostate biopsy specimens will also be analyzed for specific proteins related to Dovitinib's mechanism of action.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Men with metastatic hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer
* ECOG (WHO) performance status 0-2
* Age ≥ 18 years old
* PSA \> 4.0
* Patients must have the following laboratory values:

  * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 109/L
  * Platelets ≥ 100 x 109/L
  * Hemoglobin (Hgb) \> 9 g/dL
  * Serum total bilirubin: ≤ 1.5 x ULN
  * ALT and AST ≤ 3.0 x ULN (for patients with or without liver metastases)
  * Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or serum creatinine \> 1.5 - 3 x ULN if calculated creatinine clearance (CrCl) is ≥ 30 mL/min using the Cockroft-Gault equation
  * Urine dipstick reading negative for proteinuria, or if 1+, then total urinary protein must be less than 500 mg and measured creatinine cleaners ≥ 50 mL/min/1.73m2 from a 24 hour urine collection
* Histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate cancer.
* Urine dipstick reading negative for proteinuria, or, if documentation of +1 results for protein on dipstick reading, then total urinary protein ≤ 500 mg and measured creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min/1.73m2 from a 24 hour urine collection.
* Patients may have begun hormonal therapy, but must have done so within 120 days of study treatment.
* Patients must have metastatic disease (extensive or limited).
* Scans (CT chest, abdomen, and pelvis) and bone scan must be obtained within 4 weeks of treatment.
* Written informed consent obtained according to local guidelines

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with brain metastases
* Patients with another primary malignancy within 3 years prior to starting study drug, with the exception of adequately treated in-situ carcinoma of the uterine cervix, or skin cancer (such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or non-melanomatous skin cancer)
* Patients who have received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy within 3 years of starting study drug.
* Patients who have received targeted therapy (e.g., sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib) ≤ 4 weeks prior to starting study drug, or who have not recovered from the side effects of such therapy.
* Patients who have had radiotherapy ≤ 4 weeks prior to starting study drug, or ≤ 2 weeks prior to starting study drug in the case of localized radiotherapy (e.g., for analgesic purpose or for lytic lesions at risk of fracture), or who have not recovered from radiotherapy toxicities.
* Patients who have undergone major surgery (e.g., intra-thoracic, intra-abdominal or intra-pelvic), open biopsy or significant traumatic injury ≤ 4 weeks prior to starting study drug, or patients who have had minor procedures, percutaneous biopsies or placement of vascular access device ≤ 1 week prior to starting study drug, or who have not recovered from side effects of such procedure or injury.
* Patients with any of the following concurrent severe and/or uncontrolled medical conditions which could compromise participation in the study:

  * Impaired cardiac function or clinically significant cardiac diseases
  * Neurological compromise or dysfunction due to metastases
  * Ureteral or bladder outlet obstruction due to metastases or local invasion
  * Impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) function or GI disease that may significantly alter the absorption of dovitinib (e.g., ulcerative diseases, uncontrolled nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome, or small bowel resection)
  * Cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis or chronic persistent hepatitis
  * Known diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (HIV testing is not mandatory)
  * Patients who are currently receiving anticoagulation treatment with therapeutic doses of warfarin
  * Other concurrent severe and/or uncontrolled concomitant medical conditions (e.g. active or uncontrolled infection, uncontrolled diabetes) that could cause unacceptable safety risks or compromise compliance with the protocol
* Rising PSA meeting criteria for progression to CRPC
* Patients unwilling or unable to comply with the protocol

Primary outcomes:
measure: Time to onset of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)
timeFrame: Every 12 weeks from the start of treatment until the date of first documented progression, up to 24 months.
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Effect on predictive PSA benchmarks
timeFrame: PSA measured at baseline and every 12 weeks until the date of first documented progression, up to 24 months.
measure: Overall survival
timeFrame: From date of randomization until date of death, or patient lost to follow up. Survival will be assessed at least every 4 weeks during treatment and every 6 months after disease progression up to 5 years.
measure: Radiographic response rate and progression free survival in patients with measurable disease.
timeFrame: Radiographic evaluations occur at baseline and every 12 weeks while on study until date of first documented disease progression, up to 24 months.
measure: Adverse event frequency
timeFrame: Assessed every 2 weeks for first 8 weeks, then every 4 weeks while on study and at 30 days following last dose of dovitinib, up to 24 months.
measure: Changes in circulating tumor cell counts
timeFrame: Baseline and every 3 months while on study until date of first documented progression, up to 24 months.
measure: Quality of life
timeFrame: Assessed at baseline, once every cycle during treatment, and at end of treatment (when treatment stopped for disease progression or any other reason), up to 24 months.
Other outcomes:
measure: Exploratory: Pharmacodynamic effect on plasma biomarkers
timeFrame: Baseline and every 3 months while on study until date of first documented progression, up to 24 months.
measure: Exploratory: Archival tissue expression of biomarkers and mutations related to dovitinib mechanism of action and correlation with clinical outcome
timeFrame: Baseline one-time.
measure: Exploratory: Circulating Tumor Cell expression of biomarkers and mutations related to dovitinib mechanism of action and correlation with clinical outcome
timeFrame: Baseline and every 3 months while on study until date of first documented progression, up to 24 months.
measure: Exploratory: Serum levels of biomarkers related to dovitinib mechanism of action and correlation with clinical outcome
timeFrame: Baseline and every 3 months while on study until date of first documented progression, up to 24 months.
Locations:
city: Las Vegas
country: United States
facility: Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada
state: Nevada
Study officials:
affiliation: Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada
name: Oscar B Goodman, Jr., MD, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Goodman OB Jr, Febbraio M, Simantov R, Zheng R, Shen R, Silverstein RL, Nanus DM. Neprilysin inhibits angiogenesis via proteolysis of fibroblast growth factor-2. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 3;281(44):33597-605. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M602490200. Epub 2006 Aug 28.
citation: Horiguchi A, Zheng R, Goodman OB Jr, Shen R, Guan H, Hersh LB, Nanus DM. Lentiviral vector neutral endopeptidase gene transfer suppresses prostate cancer tumor growth. Cancer Gene Ther. 2007 Jun;14(6):583-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701047. Epub 2007 Apr 6.
citation: Horiguchi A, Chen DY, Goodman OB Jr, Zheng R, Shen R, Guan H, Hersh LB, Nanus DM. Neutral endopeptidase inhibits prostate cancer tumorigenesis by reducing FGF-2-mediated angiogenesis. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2008;11(1):79-87. doi: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500984. Epub 2007 Jun 12.
citation: Goodman OB Jr, Symanowski JT, Loudyi A, Fink LM, Ward DC, Vogelzang NJ. Circulating tumor cells as a predictive biomarker in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2011 Sep;9(1):31-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2011.04.001. Epub 2011 Jun 25.
citation: Mitra R, Chao OS, Nanus DM, Goodman OB Jr. Negative regulation of NEP expression by hypoxia. Prostate. 2013 May;73(7):706-14. doi: 10.1002/pros.22613. Epub 2012 Nov 8.