Clinical trial NCT01183520: Effect of High Omega-3 Fish Intake on Lipid Peroxidation
Official title: Effect of High Omega-3 Fish Intake on Lipid Peroxidation
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Lipid Peroxidation
Lead sponsor: USDA Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center
Sponsor class: FED
Collaborators: name: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
name: University of North Dakota
First posted: 2010-08-17
Enrollment: 30
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Maximum age (years): 60
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: The overall goal of this project is to identify an appropriate level of high omega-3 fish (salmon) consumption that will promote optimal omega 3 nutritional status without increasing the level of lipid oxidation in the body.

Detailed description: Studies have demonstrated that the intakes of fatty fish and fish oils are associated with decreases in cardiovascular disease and other chronic disease states. This is related to the long chain omega-3 fatty acid (n-3) content of fish and fish oil, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Although the consumption of high n-3 fish is recommended in the 2005 US Dietary Guidelines for Americans, no specific consumption levels are made for the fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or the fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or total fish intake.

Consumption of high n-3 fish or dietary supplementation of fish oil will lead to increased levels of these fatty acids in plasma lipoproteins, cell and tissue lipid. This change in membrane lipid is thought to be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of n-3. Because highly unsaturated fatty acid are subject to peroxidation, the level of fish intake that is sufficient to modify membrane n-3 content and the exact level that enhances peroxidation is unknown.

We will perform a dose-response feeling study in which varied levels of fish (salmon) will be provided in random order separated by 4 or more week washout periods. We will assess the level of cell membrane enrichment with n-3 and the effect on lipid peroxidation outcomes.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* BMI 25-34.9
* Non-smoker
* Free of major medical conditions
* Willing to comply with protocol requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

* Use of lipid modifying drugs or supplements
* Taking fish oil or flax supplements
* Regular fish consumer
* Planning to gain to lose weight
* Pregnant or lactating

Primary outcomes:
measure: Long chain omega-3 fatty acid (n-3)
timeFrame: 6 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: lipid peroxidation
timeFrame: 6 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Grand Forks
country: United States
facility: USDA ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center
state: North Dakota
Study officials:
affiliation: USDA Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center
name: Matthew Picklo, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
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citation: Song WL, Paschos G, Fries S, Reilly MP, Yu Y, Rokach J, Chang CT, Patel P, Lawson JA, Fitzgerald GA. Novel eicosapentaenoic acid-derived F3-isoprostanes as biomarkers of lipid peroxidation. J Biol Chem. 2009 Aug 28;284(35):23636-43. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.024075. Epub 2009 Jun 11.
citation: Roberts LJ 2nd, Fessel JP. The biochemistry of the isoprostane, neuroprostane, and isofuran pathways of lipid peroxidation. Chem Phys Lipids. 2004 Mar;128(1-2):173-86. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2003.09.016.
citation: Raatz SK, Scheett AJ, Johnson LK, Jahns L. Validity of electronic diet recording nutrient estimates compared to dietitian analysis of diet records: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res. 2015 Jan 20;17(1):e21. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3744.