Clinical trial NCT06373562: Effect of Hypoxic Exposure on Blood Variables in Elite Wrestlers
Official title: The Influence of Sports and Hypoxic Training on the Regeneration and Adaptation of Skeletal Muscles to Exercise in Wrestlers.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Hypoxia
Keywords: hypoxia
EPO
wrestlers
HIF-1
athletes
Lead sponsor: Poznan University of Physical Education
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-04-18
Enrollment: 12
Sex: MALE
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Intervention model description: Wrestlers in H group were living in hypoxic rooms for 8-14h/d and between that they were participating in sports training. C group was participating in the same training protocol.
Primary purpose: DIAGNOSTIC

Brief summary: Twelve male wrestlers of the National Polish Team were observed in the study during the camp. The hypoxia group (n=6) participated in sports training and hypoxic exposure, while the control group (n=6) included wrestlers participating only in sports training. The hypoxic group lived and slept in hypoxic rooms. During the camp, all wrestlers followed the same training schedule and diet. In the blood were determined levels of creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration, nitric oxide (NO), morphology, reticulocytes, lipid profile, and ferritin. Also vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3), erythropoietin (EPO), angiopoietin (Ang 1, Ang 2), endothelial cell adhesion factor-1 (VCAM-1), Erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Body weight composition was determined.

Detailed description: Hypoxia exposure applied to professional athletes has attracted attention and scientific debate due to its effects on improving physiological response through cardiovascular and hematological mechanisms. Presently, hypoxic training programs are developed to improve exercise performance in athletes, a useful training method for athletes that may improve their performance in future sea-level competitions. 12 males were divided into the hypoxic (H) and control (C) groups. Group H was living and sleeping in hypoxic rooms (method live high-train low) for 8-14h/d (FiO2≈14%). The implementation of the project was intended to: 1) assess the dynamics of changes in the concentration of pro-inflammatory indicators and hematopoiesis in athletes to variable training loads and hypoxia, 2) explain the usefulness of hypoxic exposure in adaptation to physical exercise, 3) observe the length of the hypoxic cycle necessary to maintain the effect of high-altitude training. In the blood serum the level of basic biochemical indicators of fatigue related to muscle damage, inflammation, and energy deficit, i.e. total creatine kinase (CK) activity, C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration, nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, basic hematological indicators: morphology, reticulocytes, lipid profile, and ferritin. Also, angiogenesis regulators: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors (VEGFR2 and VEGFR3), erythropoietin (EPO), angiopoietin (Ang 1, Ang 2), endothelial cell adhesion factor-1 (VCAM-1), Erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Body weight composition was determined using a body analyzer. Further investigations into hypoxia methods while considering individual capabilities are necessary for gaining deeper insights, into how hypoxia affects blood count and different blood variables among athletes.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* member of national wrestler's teams, and sports camp participant.

Exclusion Criteria:

* negative symptoms of hypoxia, and/or injury.

Primary outcomes:
measure: CK
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: hsCRP
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: HIF-1
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: EPO
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: VEGF, VEGF 2, VEGF 3.
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: Ang 1, Ang 2
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: VCAM-1
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
measure: blood count
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: lipid profile
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
measure: ferritin
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
timeFrame: The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Locations:
Study officials:
affiliation: Poznań University of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland;
name: Anna Kasperska
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Kasperska A, Zembron-Lacny A. The effect of intermittent hypoxic exposure on erythropoietic response and hematological variables in elite athletes. Physiol Res. 2020 Apr 30;69(2):283-290. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934316. Epub 2020 Mar 23.
citation: Czuba M, Fidos-Czuba O, Ploszczyca K, Zajac A, Langfort J. Comparison of the effect of intermittent hypoxic training vs. the live high, train low strategy on aerobic capacity and sports performance in cyclists in normoxia. Biol Sport. 2018 Mar;35(1):39-48. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2018.70750. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
citation: Wilber RL. Application of altitude/hypoxic training by elite athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Sep;39(9):1610-24. doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3180de49e6.
citation: Li J, Li Y, Atakan MM, Kuang J, Hu Y, Bishop DJ, Yan X. The Molecular Adaptive Responses of Skeletal Muscle to High-Intensity Exercise/Training and Hypoxia. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jul 24;9(8):656. doi: 10.3390/antiox9080656.