Clinical trial NCT06862726: Apixaban Versus Rivaroxaban in Non Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Official title: Study of the Inter- and Intra-individual Variability of Anti-Xa Activity of Apixaban Versus Rivaroxaban Versus Control Arm During Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Evaluation of Stability and Clinical Impact
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
Phase: PHASE4
Conditions: Non Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Keywords: non valvular atrial fibrillation
Direct oral anticoagulant
thromboembolic events
hemorrhage
anti-FXa activity
variability
Lead sponsor: Les Laboratoires des Médicaments Stériles
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2025-03-06
Enrollment: 120
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The investigators will first measure the maximum concentration (after 2 hours of intake) and the residual concentration (just before the next intake) after at least 15 consecutive days of treatment.

In order to be able to study the stability of the anti-Xa activity of Apixaban vs Rivaroxaban, as well as their impact on the risk of thromboembolic events or hemorrhagic events, clinical follow-up and a determination of maximum and residual activity are necessary, ideally at 3 to 6 months (compared to studies carried out in the literature).

This evaluation would be made according to a multivariate analysis taking into consideration the other clinical-biological data relating to the patient, namely renal function, liver function, CHA2DS2-VASc score, HAS-BLEED score, treatment compliance, etc.

Detailed description: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder with an estimated global prevalence of between 1 and 2%. It is a serious pathology that considerably increases morbidity and mortality. Thromboembolic events are a major complication .

Thus, effective anticoagulation is one of the major pillars of the management of atrial fibrillation. This anticoagulation was for a long time based on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) which have proven their effectiveness in significantly reducing the risk of thromboembolic complications. However, VKAs have several drawbacks, mainly related to their narrow therapeutic range, their high inter-individual variability and their multiple drug interactions. As a result, the use of VKAs is restrictive because of the need for a delicate, regular and individual adjustment of the effective dose based on the result of the INR (need for regular and close biological monitoring) .

Since 2007, a new class of oral anticoagulant encompassing direct oral anticoagulants has emerged and is increasingly beginning to take the place of VKAs in several pathologies, including AF. Indeed, DOACs are currently the first-line treatment during AF thanks to the results of randomized controlled clinical trials that have proven an efficacy at least equivalent to VKA without increasing the risk of serious bleeding. In addition, DOACs are simpler to use compared to VKAs because of their predictable pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, which make it possible to use a fixed dose and dispense with biological monitoring of their plasma levels in the majority of cases.

However, it seems that there is a significant inter- and intra-individual variability related to the use of DOACs. In addition, the theory of a single dose and the non-need for monitoring is beginning to be debated. Indeed, the indications requiring an AOD assay seem to be broadening. Recently, studies have been identified in the literature that are interested in assessing the impact of the maximum and residual activity of DOAC on its efficacy and safety. Despite significant results, especially in relation to the fluctuation of residual activity, there are so far no strong conclusions of a high level of evidence that can rule on the usefulness of adjusting the dose according to the dosage of activity.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female ≥ 18 years of age
* Patients diagnosed with AF;
* Written informed consent obtained prior to participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with at least one of the following criteria will not be included in the trial:
* History of hypersensitivity to study drugs or drugs with a similar chemical structure.
* Patients receiving combination therapy of P-glycoprotein inhibitors or inducers such as itraconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, ritonavir, rifampicin, phenytoin, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine, within 14 days prior to taking apixaban
* Pregnant women
* Breastfeeding
* Patients Enrolled in Other Clinical Studies
* Patients who refuse to sign consent.

Primary outcomes:
measure: To compare the variability of anti-FXa activity of apixaban versus rivaroxaban
timeFrame: 6 months
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Tunis
country: Tunisia
facility: Charles Nicolle hospital
Study officials:
References:
citation: Mavri A, Vene N, Bozic-Mijovski M, Miklic M, Soderblom L, Pohanka A, Malmstrom RE, Antovic J. Apixaban concentration variability and relation to clinical outcomes in real-life patients with atrial fibrillation. Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 6;11(1):13908. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93372-9.
citation: Katritsis DG, Gersh BJ, Camm AJ. Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation - Current Concepts. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev. 2015 Aug;4(2):100-7. doi: 10.15420/aer.2015.04.02.100.