Clinical trial NCT03441048: Lintuzumab-Ac225 in Combination with Cladribine + Cytarabine + Filgastrim + Mitoxantrone (CLAG-M) for Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Official title: A Phase I Study of Lintuzumab-Ac225 in Combination with CLAG-M Chemotherapy in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE1
Conditions: Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia
Relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia
CLAG-M
Lintuzumab
Lead sponsor: Medical College of Wisconsin
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2018-02-22
Enrollment: 26
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This is a prospective, single-center phase I clinical study aimed at determining the maximum-tolerated dose, recommended phase 2 dose and safety of Lintuzumab-Ac225 in combination with CLAG-M chemotherapy in the management of relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. This study uses a 3+3 design with a five-patient cohort at the recommended phase 2 dose.

Detailed description: Relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (RR-AML) in adults is an important therapeutic challenge. Nearly 60% of AML patients ultimately relapse or have refractory disease, and failure to achieve remission in this population is almost universally fatal. Therefore, a critical need exists for the development of novel therapies.

Currently, for RR-AML, many institutions utilize the chemotherapy regimen of CLAG-M (cladribine, cytarabine, G-CSF, mitoxantrone) based on a reported morphological complete remission (CR) rate of 58% in prospective clinical trials. Because of this, and its favorable performance when compared with outcomes reported for other regimens utilized in RR-AML, we believe enhancing the efficacy of CLAG-M is a rational approach to improve therapy in RR-AML.

A promising approach that could enhance the clearance of leukemic blasts when added to CLAG-M chemotherapy is a monoclonal antibody radioconjugate directed against markers expressed in leukemic cells. Radiation has known cytotoxic properties in chemo-resistant AML. The benefit of an antibody radioconjugate would be leukemic specific delivery of potent radiotherapy with potentially minimal systemic off-target side-effects. One such antibody radioconjugate is Lintuzumab-Ac225, a highly cytotoxic alpha radiation emitter that targets the cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33) cell surface antigen, which is expressed on leukemic cells.

In this novel study, we aim to add the radioconjugated antibody Lintuzumab-Ac225 to salvage CLAG-M chemotherapy in order to improve the treatment response for patients with RR-AML.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥18 years at the time of informed consent.
2. Morphologically documented primary AML or secondary AML \[from prior conditions such as Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN)\] or therapy related AML (t-AML), as defined by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
3. In first or subsequent relapse or refractory status after prior therapy, with or without prior hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Patients with MDS and progression to AML on hypomethylating agents will also be included.
4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score 0-2.
5. Greater than 25% of blasts must be CD33 positive on flow cytometry using Phycoerythrin (PE) labeled anti-CD33 antibody.
6. Patients must meet the following clinical laboratory criteria:

   * Total bilirubin ≤ 2 x the upper limit of the normal range (ULN)
   * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 5 x ULN.
   * Calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min
   * Resting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \> 40%
7. Female patients must agree to avoid becoming pregnant, and male patients should avoid impregnating a female partner.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia.
2. Active severe infection not well controlled by antibacterial or antiviral therapy.
3. Known infection with human immunodeficiency virus.
4. Patients with documented pulmonary disease, with a diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and/or forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) \<65%, or history of dyspnea at rest, or requiring oxygen.
5. Pregnant or breast feeding women.
6. Prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 14 days of study entry unless fully recovered from adverse effects due to treatment, at investigator's discretion.
7. Active malignancy within 2 years of entry, except previously treated melanoma grade 2 or less, non-melanoma skin cancer, carcinoma in situ, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and organ confined prostate cancer with no evidence of progressive disease based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and are not on active therapy. Active malignancy is malignancy receiving treatment.

Primary outcomes:
measure: The number of subjects with dose-limiting toxicities.
timeFrame: 28 Days
measure: Maximum-tolerated dose.
timeFrame: 28 Days
measure: The number of subjects who have at least one serious adverse event related to the study.
timeFrame: 60 days
measure: Overall survival
timeFrame: 2 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: The number of subjects with a complete response (CR).
timeFrame: Up to Day 60
measure: The number of subjects with CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi)
timeFrame: Up to Day 60
measure: The number of subjects in a morphologic leukemia-free state (MLFS).
timeFrame: Up to Day 60
measure: The number of subjects experiencing partial remission.
timeFrame: Up to Day 60
measure: Progression-free Survival
timeFrame: 1 Year
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Milwuakee
country: United States
facility: Froedtert Hospital and the Medical College of Wisconsin
state: Wisconsin
Study officials:
affiliation: Medical College of Wisconsin
name: Sameem Abedin, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: