Clinical trial NCT00002766: Comparison of Two Combination Chemotherapy Regimens in Treating Adults With Previously Untreated Leukemia or Lymphoma
Official title: A Phase III Trial Comparing ARA-C/High-Dose Mitoxantrone ("ALL-2') to A Standard Vincristine/Prednisone Based Regimen ('L-20') as Induction Therapy For Adult Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): The ALL-4 Protocol
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Leukemia
Lymphoma
Keywords: blastic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia
untreated adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia
chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive
T-cell adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia
B-cell adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia
stage I adult lymphoblastic lymphoma
stage II adult lymphoblastic lymphoma
stage III adult lymphoblastic lymphoma
stage IV adult lymphoblastic lymphoma
contiguous stage II adult lymphoblastic lymphoma
noncontiguous stage II adult lymphoblastic lymphoma
Lead sponsor: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
First posted: 2003-01-27
Enrollment: 170
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 120
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells. It is not yet known which regimen of combination chemotherapy is more effective for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma, or chronic myelogenous leukemia.

PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying two different chemotherapy regimens and comparing them to see how well they work in treating adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma, or chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Detailed description: OBJECTIVES:

* Compare the incidence of complete remission (CR) following induction with the ALL-2 regimen (cytarabine and high-dose mitoxantrone) vs the L-20 regimen (vincristine and prednisone) in previously untreated adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, and lymphoid blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia.
* Compare the time to CR, length of hospital stay, efficacy of treatment in Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL, and the proportion of patients achieving durable (greater than 5 years) remission in each treatment regimen.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to participating institution and antecedent lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (yes vs no). Patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms.

Arm I:

* Patients receive induction therapy consisting of cytarabine IV over 3 hours on days 1-5 with high-dose mitoxantrone IV on day 3 and methotrexate intrathecally on days 2 and 4. Patients receive sargramostim (GM-CSF) subcutaneously or IV over 4 hours beginning on day 7 and continuing until blood counts recover.
* At 7-14 days following induction therapy, patients receive consolidation therapy consisting of vincristine IV on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29, oral prednisone 2-3 times daily on days 1-30 and methotrexate intrathecally on days 8, 15, 22, and 29.
* At 2-3 weeks following the last dose of vincristine, patients receive an additional course of consolidation therapy consisting of cyclophosphamide IV on day 1 and GM-CSF subcutaneously beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover.
* At 3-4 weeks following the second consolidation course, patients receive a third course of consolidation therapy consisting of cytarabine IV bolus on day 1 followed by continuous infusion cytarabine on days 1-4 with etoposide IV over 1 hour on days 1-3 and methotrexate intrathecally on days 2 and 4. Patients receive GM-CSF subcutaneously beginning on day 6 and continuing until blood counts recover.
* Following recovery from the third consolidation course, patients receive a fourth consolidation course consisting of pegaspargase IV or intramuscularly (IM) on day 1.
* Following recovery from consolidation therapy patients receive 2 sequences of maintenance therapy with sequence one consisting of vincristine IV on days 1 and 8, oral prednisone 2-3 times daily on days 1-8, doxorubicin IV on day 15, oral mercaptopurine 2-3 times daily on days 36-64, oral methotrexate on days 39, 46, 53, and 60, dactinomycin IV on day 85, and methotrexate intrathecally on days 36 and 43.
* At 2 weeks following sequence one of maintenance therapy, patients receive sequence two consisting of the same regimen as in the first sequence with the addition of cyclophosphamide IV and carmustine IV on day 15.
* Patients with CNS involvement receive whole brain radiotherapy in addition to chemotherapy regimens.

Arm II:

* Patients receive induction therapy consisting of vincristine IV on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29, oral prednisone 2-3 times daily on days 1-29, cyclophosphamide IV on day 5, doxorubicin IV on days 23-25 and 42, methotrexate intrathecally on days 3, 5, 13, 16, 32, and 34 and GM-CSF subcutaneously or IV over 4 hours beginning from days 7 and 27 and continuing until blood counts recover.
* At approximately 3 weeks following induction therapy, patients receive consolidation therapy consisting of cytarabine IV bolus on day 1 followed by continuous infusion cytarabine on days 1-5, with daunorubicin IV on days 1-3 and methotrexate intrathecally on days 2 and 4. Patients receive GM-CSF subcutaneously beginning on day 7 and continuing until blood counts recover.
* At 6-8 weeks following the first course of consolidation therapy, patients receive a second consolidation course consisting of cytarabine IV bolus on day 1 followed by continuous infusion cytarabine on days 1-4 with methotrexate IV on days 1-4 and methotrexate intrathecally on days 2 and 4. Patients receive GM-CSF subcutaneously beginning on day 6 and continuing until blood counts recover.
* At 6-8 weeks following the second course of consolidation therapy, patients receive a third consolidation course consisting of pegaspargase IV or IM on day 1.
* At 3-4 weeks following the third course of consolidation therapy, patients receive a fourth consolidation course consisting of cyclophosphamide IV on day 1.
* At 3 weeks following the completion of consolidation therapy, patients receive the same maintenance regimen as in Arm I.

Treatment continues in patients achieving complete response. Patients in both arms receive alternating sequences of maintenance therapy over 2 years.

Eligibility criteria: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Diagnosis of one of the following malignancies:

  * Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of B- or T-cell lineage
  * Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL eligible
  * Lymphoblastic lymphoma
  * Chronic myelogenous leukemia in lymphoid blast crisis

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

* 18 and over

Performance status:

* Karnofsky 20-100%

Life expectancy:

* Not specified

Hematopoietic:

* Not specified

Hepatic:

* Bilirubin no greater than 2.0 mg/dL
* Glucocorticoids for higher bilirubin allowed prior to entry, at principal investigator's discretion

Renal:

* Creatinine no greater than 2.0 mg/dL
* Glucocorticoids or renal radiotherapy for higher creatinine allowed prior to entry, at principal investigator's discretion

Cardiovascular:

* Left ventricular ejection fraction at least 50%

Other:

* Not pregnant

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy

* No prior biologic therapy

Chemotherapy

* No prior chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy

* No prior endocrine therapy

Radiotherapy

* No prior radiotherapy

Surgery

* No prior surgery

Primary outcomes:
measure: Complete Remission (CR)
timeFrame: 2 years
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Los Angeles
country: United States
facility: Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA
state: California
city: Stanford
country: United States
facility: Stanford Cancer Center at Stanford University Medical Center
state: California
city: Atlanta
country: United States
facility: Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University
state: Georgia
city: New York
country: United States
facility: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
state: New York
city: Valhalla
country: United States
facility: New York Medical College
state: New York
city: Durham
country: United States
facility: Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center
state: North Carolina
city: Cleveland
country: United States
facility: Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center
state: Ohio
Study officials:
affiliation: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
name: Nicole Lamanna, MD
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References: