Clinical trial NCT01150994: Emergency Department Safety Assessment and Follow-up Evaluation (ED-SAFE)
Official title: Emergency Department Safety Assessment and Follow-up Evaluation (ED-SAFE)
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Suicide
Keywords: Suicide screening among ED patients
Lead sponsor: University of Massachusetts, Worcester
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
First posted: 2010-06-25
Enrollment: 1440
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: SCREENING

Brief summary: The NIMH s RFA-Suicide Prevention in Emergency Medicine Departments recognizes the emergency department (ED) as an important setting to increase suicide detection and prevention efforts but observes that evidence-based practice guidelines do not exist. In response, we have designed the Emergency Department Safety Assessment and Follow-up Evaluation (ED-SAFE) trial. The ED-SAFE study will be conducted using a quasi-experimental design appropriate for studying systems-based change. The study consists of two components (Screening Outcome \& Intervention Evaluation) and three phases of data collection: Treatment as Usual, Screening Alone, and Intervention. During each phase, 480 suicidal patients (1,440 total) will be enrolled and followed using multiple methods for 12 months.

The Screening Outcome Component

The Screening Outcome component will use data collected during the Treatment as Usual and Screening Alone phases. Consistent with systems-change principles, when universal screening is incorporated during the Screening Alone phase, it will be completed by the primary nurse as part of routine care. Primarily, it will focus on testing a practical approach to screen ED patients for suicidal ideation and behavior and will assess its impact on suicide detection, process outcomes, and suicide behaviors.

Intervention Evaluation Component

The Intervention Evaluation component will use data from the Treatment as Usual, Screening Alone, and Intervention Phases. During the Intervention phase, each ED will implement a multi-component, systems-based Intervention called the Safety Assessment and Follow-up Telephone Intervention (SAFTI). The SAFTI will combine elements of: (a) safety planning administered by nursing staff in the ED, and (b) Coping Long Term with Active Suicide Program (CLASP)-ED, a series of up to 7 semi-structured telephone advising calls to the patient and 4 to the significant other over the 12 months after the ED visit. Safety planning will be implemented universally to all suicidal patients, regardless of whether they are ultimately enrolled into the trial, as part of a comprehensive suicide management protocol (e.g., it is a systems-based change). However, for practical and budgetary considerations, the CLASP-ED telephone advising calls will be administered only to participants enrolled into the study.

Our overarching hypotheses will be tested using a combination of the Screening Outcome component and the Intervention Evaluation Component. We predict that screening will improve detection of suicidal ideation, and the intervention will enhance the quality of care and reduce suicide outcomes.

Detailed description: see summary above

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Over 18,
* Entering care at a hospital ED,
* Documented thoughts or behaviors related to self-harm.

Exclusion Criteria:

* No phone or permanent address,
* Does not speak English or Spanish.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Percentage of ER patients screened for self harm
timeFrame: July 2010 - November 2013
measure: Quality of care
timeFrame: July 2010 - November 2014
measure: Suicide-related outcomes
timeFrame: July 2010 - November 2014
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Phoenix
country: United States
facility: Maricopa Medical Center
state: Arizona
city: Little Rock
country: United States
facility: University of Arkansas Medical Center
state: Arkansas
city: Aurora
country: United States
facility: University of Colorado Hospital
state: Colorado
city: Boston
country: United States
facility: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
state: Massachusetts
city: Worcester
country: United States
facility: UMass Medical School, Marlborough Hospital
state: Massachusetts
city: Omaha
country: United States
facility: University of Nebraska Medical Center
state: Nebraska
city: Columbus
country: United States
facility: Ohio State University Medical Center
state: Ohio
city: Pawtucket
country: United States
facility: Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island
state: Rhode Island
Study officials:
affiliation: UMass Medical School
name: Edwin Boudreaux, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital
name: Carlos Camargo, MD, DrPH
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: Butler Hospital
name: Ivan Miller III, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Arias SA, Zhang Z, Hillerns C, Sullivan AF, Boudreaux ED, Miller I, Camargo CA. Using structured telephone follow-up assessments to improve suicide-related adverse event detection. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2014 Oct;44(5):537-47. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12088. Epub 2014 Mar 3.
citation: Betz ME, Sullivan AF, Manton AP, Espinola JA, Miller I, Camargo CA Jr, Boudreaux ED; ED-SAFE Investigators. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of emergency department providers in the care of suicidal patients. Depress Anxiety. 2013 Oct;30(10):1005-12. doi: 10.1002/da.22071. Epub 2013 Feb 20.
citation: Betz ME, Miller M, Barber C, Miller I, Sullivan AF, Camargo CA Jr, Boudreaux ED; ED-SAFE Investigators. Lethal means restriction for suicide prevention: beliefs and behaviors of emergency department providers. Depress Anxiety. 2013 Oct;30(10):1013-20. doi: 10.1002/da.22075. Epub 2013 Mar 14.
citation: Betz ME, Arias SA, Miller M, Barber C, Espinola JA, Sullivan AF, Manton AP, Miller I, Camargo CA Jr, Boudreaux ED. Change in emergency department providers' beliefs and practices after use of new protocols for suicidal patients. Psychiatr Serv. 2015 Jun;66(6):625-31. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400244. Epub 2015 Mar 1.
citation: Boudreaux ED, Miller I, Goldstein AB, Sullivan AF, Allen MH, Manton AP, Arias SA, Camargo CA Jr. The Emergency Department Safety Assessment and Follow-up Evaluation (ED-SAFE): method and design considerations. Contemp Clin Trials. 2013 Sep;36(1):14-24. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2013.05.008. Epub 2013 May 22.
citation: Caterino JM, Sullivan AF, Betz ME, Espinola JA, Miller I, Camargo CA Jr, Boudreaux ED; Emergency Department Safety Assessment and Follow-up Evaluation (ED-SAFE) Investigators. Evaluating current patterns of assessment for self-harm in emergency departments: a multicenter study. Acad Emerg Med. 2013 Aug;20(8):807-15. doi: 10.1111/acem.12188.
citation: Ting SA, Sullivan AF, Boudreaux ED, Miller I, Camargo CA Jr. Trends in US emergency department visits for attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury, 1993-2008. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2012 Sep-Oct;34(5):557-65. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.03.020. Epub 2012 May 2.
citation: Ting SA, Sullivan AF, Miller I, Espinola JA, Allen MH, Camargo CA Jr, Boudreaux ED; Emergency Department Safety and Follow-up Evaluation (ED-SAFE) Investigators. Multicenter study of predictors of suicide screening in emergency departments. Acad Emerg Med. 2012 Feb;19(2):239-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01272.x. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
citation: Brown LA, Boudreaux ED, Arias SA, Miller IW, May AM, Camargo CA Jr, Bryan CJ, Armey MF. C-SSRS performance in emergency department patients at high risk for suicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2020 Dec;50(6):1097-1104. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12657. Epub 2020 Jul 24.
citation: Boudreaux ED, Camargo CA Jr, Arias SA, Sullivan AF, Allen MH, Goldstein AB, Manton AP, Espinola JA, Miller IW. Improving Suicide Risk Screening and Detection in the Emergency Department. Am J Prev Med. 2016 Apr;50(4):445-453. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.029. Epub 2015 Dec 4.