Clinical trial NCT02105948: Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Mepolizumab for Frequently Exacerbating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients
Official title: Study MEA117106: Mepolizumab vs. Placebo as add-on Treatment for Frequently Exacerbating COPD Patients
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
Keywords: eosinophils
SB240563
exacerbations
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
mepolizumab
Lead sponsor: GlaxoSmithKline
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2014-04-07
Enrollment: 837
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 40
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This is a multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel group trial evaluating mepolizumab 100 mg against placebo given every 4 weeks through subcutaneous (SC) injection.

In severe COPD patients, sputum eosinophils levels are elevated similar as those seen in severe asthmatics. It is hypothesized that the reduction of eosinophils with mepolizumab in COPD patients would translate into a reduction of COPD exacerbations. The study will determine the reduction in exacerbations in subjects who are above and below the baseline blood eosinophil count of at least 150 cells/microlitres. The study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of mepolizumab on the frequency of moderate and severe exacerbations in COPD subjects at high risk of exacerbations, despite the use of optimized standard of care background therapy.

Overall in this study, a total of 800 subjects will be randomised in 1:1 ratio to receive placebo or mepolizumab (100 milligram (mg)) administered SC. The total duration of this study will be approximately 62 weeks, consisting of a 1 to 2 week screening period, 52-week treatment period and 8-week follow-up period.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* COPD diagnosis: Subjects with a clinically documented history of COPD for at least 1 year in accordance with the definition by the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society.
* Severity of COPD: Subjects must present with the following: a measured pre and post-salbutamol Forced expiratory volume in one second/ Forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio of \<0.70 at Visit 1 to confirm the diagnosis of COPD; a measured post-salbutamol FEV1\>20 percent and \<=80 percent of predicted normal values calculated using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III reference equations at Visit 1.
* History of exacerbations: A well documented history (like medical record verification) in the 12 months prior to Visit 1 of: at least two moderate COPD exacerbations. Moderate is defined as the use of systemic corticosteroids (IM, intravenous, or oral) and/or treatment with antibiotics, or at least one severe COPD exacerbation. Severe is defined as having required hospitalization. Note: At least one exacerbation must have occurred while the subject was taking Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) plus long acting beta2-agonist (LABA) plus long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA). Note: Prior use of antibiotics alone does not qualify as a moderate exacerbation unless the use was specifically for the treatment of worsening symptoms of COPD.
* Concomitant COPD therapy: A well documented requirement for optimized standard of care (SoC) background therapy that includes ICS plus 2 additional COPD medications (i.e., triple therapy) for the 12 months prior to Visit 1 and meets the following criteria: Immediately prior to Visit 1, minimum of 3 months of use of an inhaled corticosteroid (at a dose \>=500 micrograms (mcg)/day fluticasone propionate dose equivalent plus); or LABA and LAMA.

For subjects who are not continually maintained on ICS plus LABA plus LAMA for the entire 12 months prior to Visit 1 use of following is allowed (but not in the 3 months immediately prior to Visit 1): inhaled corticosteroid at a dose \>=500 mcg/day fluticasone propionate dose equivalent plus ; a LABA or a LAMA and use of at least one other class of COPD medication suggested by the 2013 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines for patients who are prone to exacerbation (i.e., phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitors, methylxanthines, or a combination of short acting beta-2-agonist and short acting muscarinic antagonist). Note: Subjects must be willing to stay on their SoC COPD medication for the duration of the study.

* Informed Consent: Able to give written informed consent prior to participation in the study, which will include the ability to comply with the requirements and restrictions listed in the consent form. Subjects must be able to read, comprehend, and write at a level sufficient to complete study related materials.
* Gender: Male or Eligible Female; To be eligible for entry into the study females of child bearing potential must commit to consistent and correct use of an acceptable method of birth control from the time of consent, for the duration of the trial, and for 4 months after last study drug administration.
* Age: At least 40 years of age at Visit 1.
* Smoking status: Subject with confirmed COPD are eligible to participate independent of their smoking status and smoking history, i.e. current smokers, never smokers or ex-smokers can be enrolled into the study; Current smokers are defined as those with a history of cigarette smoking of \>=10 pack-years \[number of pack years = (number of cigarettes per day / 20) x number of years smoked (e.g., 20 cigarettes per day for 10 years, or 10 cigarettes per day for 20 years)\]; Former smokers are defined as those who meet the definition of a current smoker but have stopped smoking for at least 6 months prior to Visit 1; Never smokers are those that do not meet the definition of a current or former smoker.
* French subjects: In France, a subject will be eligible for inclusion in this study only if either affiliated to or a beneficiary of a social security category.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects having Asthma: Current and Former Smokers: Subjects with a current diagnosis of asthma (those with a prior history are eligible if they meet inclusion criteria for a current diagnosis of COPD); Never-Smokers: Subjects with any history of asthma; Other respiratory disorders: The investigator must judge that COPD is the primary diagnosis accounting for the clinical manifestations of the lung disease. Subjects with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency as the underlying cause of COPD are excluded. Also, excluded are subjects with active tuberculosis, lung cancer, bronchiectasis, sarcoidosis, lung fibrosis, primary pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung diseases or other active pulmonary diseases. Subjects are also excluded if maintenance use of bi-level positive airway pressure is required for the treatment of respiratory disorder.
* COPD stability: Subjects with pneumonia, exacerbation, lower respiratory infection within the 4 weeks prior to Visit 1.
* Lung resection: Subjects with lung volume reduction surgery within the 12 months prior to Visit 1.
* Pulmonary rehabilitation program: Participation in the acute phase of a pulmonary rehabilitation program within 4 weeks prior to Visit 1. Subjects who are in the maintenance phase of a pulmonary rehabilitation program are not excluded.
* Oxygen: Subjects receiving treatment with oxygen more than 4.0 Litres/minute (L/min). While breathing supplemental oxygen, subjects should demonstrate an oxyhemoglobin saturation greater than or equal to 89 percent.
* 12-lead Electrocardiography (ECG) finding: An abnormal and significant ECG finding from the 12-lead ECG conducted at Visit 1 if considered to be clinically significant by the Investigator. 12-lead ECGs will be over-read by a centralized independent cardiologist to assist in consistent evaluation of subject eligibility. Results from the 12-lead ECG over-read must be received prior to assessing eligibility at Visit 2.
* Unstable or life threatening cardiac disease: Subjects with any of the following would be excluded: Myocardial infarction or unstable angina in the last 6 months ; Unstable or life threatening cardiac arrhythmia requiring intervention in the last 3 months; New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class IV Heart failure.
* Other diseases/abnormalities: Subjects with (historical or) current evidence of clinically significant, neurological, psychiatric, renal, hepatic, immunological, endocrine (including uncontrolled diabetes or thyroid disease) or haematological abnormalities that are uncontrolled. Significant is defined as any disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the safety of the subject at risk through participation, or which would affect the efficacy or safety analysis if the disease/condition exacerbated during the study.
* Eosinophilic disease: Subjects with other conditions that could lead to elevated eosinophils such as Hypereosinophilic syndromes including Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA, also known as Churg-Strauss Syndrome), or Eosinophilic Esophagitis.
* Parasitic infection: Subjects with a pre-existing helminthes infestation within 6 months prior to Visit 1 are also excluded.
* Malignancy: A current malignancy or previous history of cancer in remission for less than 12 months prior to Visit 1 (Subjects that had localized carcinoma of the skin or cervix which was resected for cure will not be excluded). Note for South Korea: Korean subjects with a diagnosis of malignancy within 5 years of Visit 1 are excluded.
* Immunodeficiency: A known immunodeficiency e.g. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other than that explained by the use of corticosteroids taken for COPD.
* Liver disease: Unstable liver disease (as defined by the presence of ascites, encephalopathy, coagulopathy, hypoalbuminaemia, esophageal or gastric varices, or persistent jaundice), cirrhosis, and known biliary abnormalities (with the exception of Gilbert's syndrome or asymptomatic gallstones). Chronic stable hepatitis B and C are acceptable if subject otherwise meets entry criteria (e.g. presence of hepatitis B surface antigen or positive hepatitis C test result within 3 months of screening).
* Monoclonal antibodies: Subjects who have received any monoclonal antibody within 5 half-lives of Visit 1.
* Investigational medications: Subjects who have received an investigational drug within 30 days of Visit 1, or within 5 drug half-lives of the investigational drug, whichever is longer (this also includes investigational formulations of a marketed product).
* Hypersensitivity: Subjects with a known allergy or intolerance to another monoclonal antibody or biologic including history of anaphylaxis to another biologic
* Inability to read: In the opinion of the investigator, any subject who is unable to read and/or would not be able to complete study related materials.
* Non-compliance: Subjects at risk of non-compliance, or unable to comply with the study procedures. Any infirmity, disability, or geographic location that would limit compliance for scheduled visits.
* Questionable validity of consent: Subjects with a history of psychiatric disease, intellectual deficiency, poor motivation or other conditions that will limit the validity of informed consent to participate in the study.
* Drug or alcohol abuse: A known or suspected history of alcohol or drug abuse within 2 years prior to Visit 1.
* Previous participation: Subjects who have previously participated in any study of mepolizumab.
* Affiliation with Investigator Site: Is an investigator, sub-investigator, study coordinator, employee of a participating investigator or study site, or immediate family member of the aforementioned that is involved in this study.

Randomization Criteria

In order to be randomized to study drug the subject must meet the following randomization criteria at Visit 2:

* Blood eosinophils: While there is no threshold for enrolment, information on eosinophil level should be obtained prior to randomization.
* Electronic Diary Compliance: Compliance with completion of the eDiary defined as completion of all questions on 5 or more days out of the 7 days immediately preceding Visit 2.
* 12-lead ECG: No evidence of an abnormal and significant ECG finding from the 12- lead ECG conducted at Visit 1 as indicated on the over-read provided by the centralized independent cardiologist. Subjects with a QT interval corrected with Fridericia's formulas (QTcF)\>=450 msec are not eligible. For subjects with a QRS interval \>=120 msec, those with QTcF\>=480 msec are not eligible. Specific ECG findings that preclude subject eligibility are listed in the protocol.
* Abnormal chest X-ray (or Computerized Tomography \[CT scan\]): No chest X-ray (or CT scan) that reveals evidence of clinically significant abnormalities other than those believed to be due to the presence of COPD. If a chest X-ray or CT scan is not available within 6 months prior to Visit 1, then a chest X-ray must be taken at Visit 1 and the results reviewed prior to randomization. For sites in Germany: If a chest X-ray (or CT scan) within 6 months prior to Screening (Visit 1) is not available, the subject will not be eligible for the study.
* Laboratory abnormality: No evidence of clinically significant abnormality in the haematological, biochemical, or urinalysis screen at Visit 1, as judged by the investigator.
* Hepatitis B: Subjects who are HBsAg positive or HBcAb positive must not have a HBV DNA level \>= 2000 IU/ml.
* Liver function test: Subjects must meet the following based on results from sample taken at Visit 1: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \<2x ULN (upper limit of normal); Alkaline Phosphatase (Alk Phos) \<=2x ULN; Bilirubin \<=1.5x ULN (isolated bilirubin\>1.5x ULN is acceptable if bilirubin is fractionated and direct bilirubin \<35 percent)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Rate of Moderate or Severe Exacerbations in Participants in the High Stratum
timeFrame: From randomization to Week 52
measure: Rate of Moderate or Severe Exacerbations in the mITT Population
timeFrame: From randomization to Week 52
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Time to First Moderate/Severe Exacerbation in Participants in the High Stratum
timeFrame: From randomization to Week 52
measure: Rate of COPD Exacerbations Requiring an Emergency Department (ED) Visit and/or Hospitalization (Hosp.) in Participants in the High Stratum
timeFrame: From randomization to Week 52
measure: Change From Baseline in Mean Total St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) Score in Participants in the High Stratum
timeFrame: Baseline and Week 52
measure: Change From Baseline in Mean COPD Assessment Test (CAT) Score in Participants in the High Stratum
timeFrame: Baseline and Week 52
measure: Time to First Moderate/Severe Exacerbation in the mITT Population
timeFrame: From randomization to Week 52
measure: Rate of COPD Exacerbations Requiring ED Visit and/or Hosp in the mITT Population
timeFrame: From randomization to Week 52
measure: Change From Baseline in Mean Total SGRQ Score in the mITT Population
timeFrame: Baseline and Week 52
measure: Change From Baseline in Mean CAT Score in the mITT Population
timeFrame: Baseline and Week 52
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Newport Beach
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: California
city: Rochester
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Minnesota
city: Saint Charles
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Missouri
city: New York
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: New York
city: Charlotte
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Durham
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Gastonia
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Huntersville
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Wilmington
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Winston-Salem
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: North Carolina
city: Dayton
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Ohio
city: Medford
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Oregon
city: Pittsburgh
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Pennsylvania
city: Easley
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: South Carolina
city: Fort Mill
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: South Carolina
city: Gaffney
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: South Carolina
city: Greenville
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: South Carolina
city: Seneca
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: South Carolina
city: Spartanburg
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: South Carolina
city: Abingdon
country: United States
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Virginia
city: Cairns
country: Australia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Queensland
city: Daw Park
country: Australia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: South Australia
city: Clayton
country: Australia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Victoria
city: Frankston
country: Australia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Victoria
city: Murdoch
country: Australia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Western Australia
city: Nedlands
country: Australia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Western Australia
city: Liverpool
country: Australia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Brussels
country: Belgium
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Brussels
country: Belgium
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Erpent
country: Belgium
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Leuven
country: Belgium
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Liège
country: Belgium
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Oostende
country: Belgium
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Calgary
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Alberta
city: Sherwood Park
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Alberta
city: Winnipeg
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Manitoba
city: Toronto
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Ontario
city: Windsor
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Ontario
city: Gatineau
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Quebec
city: Montreal
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Quebec
city: Montreal
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Quebec
city: Sainte-Foy
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Quebec
city: St-Charles-Borromée
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Quebec
city: Trois Rivières
country: Canada
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Quebec
city: Karlovy Vary
country: Czechia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Praha 4
country: Czechia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Tabor
country: Czechia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Teplice
country: Czechia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Tallinn
country: Estonia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Tallinn
country: Estonia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Tallinn
country: Estonia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Tartu
country: Estonia
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Bayonne cedex
country: France
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Grenoble cedex 9
country: France
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Lyon cedex 04
country: France
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Marseille cedex 20
country: France
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Montpellier cedex 5
country: France
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Perpignan
country: France
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Suresnes
country: France
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Athens
country: Greece
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Athens
country: Greece
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Haidari / Athens
country: Greece
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Rethymnon, Crete
country: Greece
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Thessaloniki
country: Greece
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Thessaloniki
country: Greece
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Napoli
country: Italy
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Campania
city: Parma
country: Italy
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Emilia-Romagna
city: Pietra Ligure (SV)
country: Italy
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Liguria
city: Milano
country: Italy
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Lombardia
city: Pisa
country: Italy
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Toscana
city: Perugia
country: Italy
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Umbria
city: Guadalajara
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Jalisco
city: Guadalajara
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Jalisco
city: Zapopan
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Jalisco
city: Monterrey NL
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Nuevo León
city: Monterrey
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Nuevo León
city: Monterrey
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Nuevo León
city: Mexico City
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: México DF
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Oaxaca
country: Mexico
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Bodø
country: Norway
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Kløfta
country: Norway
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Trondheim
country: Norway
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Lima 27
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Lima
city: San Martin de Porres
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Lima
city: San Miguel
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Lima
city: Santiago de Surco
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
state: Lima
city: Lima
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Lima
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Lima
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Pueblo Libre
country: Peru
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Bialystok
country: Poland
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Elblag
country: Poland
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Krakow
country: Poland
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Ostrow Wielkopolski
country: Poland
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Skierniewice
country: Poland
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Chelyabinsk
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Kemerovo
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Nizhniy Novgorod
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Ryazan
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Saint-Petersburg
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Saint-Petersburg
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: St. Petersburg
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Tomsk
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Tomsk
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Yaroslavl
country: Russian Federation
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Alicante
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Barcelona
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Barcelona
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Lugo
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Malaga
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Palma de Mallorca
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Pozuelo De Alarcón/Madrid
country: Spain
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Lund
country: Sweden
facility: GSK Investigational Site
city: Stockholm
country: Sweden
facility: GSK Investigational Site
Study officials:
affiliation: GlaxoSmithKline
name: GSK Clinical Trials
role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
References:
citation: Pavord ID, Chapman KR, Bafadhel M, Sciurba FC, Bradford ES, Schweiker Harris S, Mayer B, Rubin DB, Yancey SW, Paggiaro P. Mepolizumab for Eosinophil-Associated COPD: Analysis of METREX and METREO. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2021 Jun 16;16:1755-1770. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S294333. eCollection 2021.
citation: Condreay LD, Gao C, Bradford E, Yancey SW, Ghosh S. No genetic associations with mepolizumab efficacy in COPD with peripheral blood eosinophilia. Respir Med. 2019 Aug;155:26-28. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Jul 5.
citation: Pavord ID, Chanez P, Criner GJ, Kerstjens HAM, Korn S, Lugogo N, Martinot JB, Sagara H, Albers FC, Bradford ES, Harris SS, Mayer B, Rubin DB, Yancey SW, Sciurba FC. Mepolizumab for Eosinophilic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017 Oct 26;377(17):1613-1629. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708208. Epub 2017 Sep 11.