Clinical trial NCT05436457: Clinical Screening for Firearm Violence Risk
Official title: Multi-site External Validation and Improvement of a Clinical Screening Tool for Future Firearm Violence
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Firearm Injury
Keywords: Injury Prevention
Lead sponsor: University of Michigan
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
First posted: 2022-06-29
Enrollment: 1506
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 24
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Youth aged 18-24 seeking care at the Emergency departments of Hurley Medical Center, the Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, or Harborview Medical Center

Brief summary: The purpose of the proposed work is to harness cutting-edge machine learning methods to optimize prediction of future firearm violence in youth ages 18-24 so that prevention resources can be allocated efficiently.

Detailed description: Firearm violence is a public health crisis in the United States, and new epidemiological data suggest we may have reached a new endemic level of firearm mortality in recent years. Youth are disproportionately affected by firearm violence, with those age 18-24 being demonstrably the highest risk group. This study will recruit 1,500 youth age 18-24 from urban emergency departments (EDs) in three broadly different locales-Flint, Philadelphia, and Seattle-and administer a baseline survey covering several domains of potential risk factors for future violence, and follow up with those youth at 6- and 12-months to ascertain the primary outcome-firearm violence involvement (as victim or perpetrator, including threats and sub-clinical injuries)-as well as the secondary outcomes: high-risk firearm behaviors, non-firearm violence, and violent injury. This work will generate new insights into the prediction of firearm violence, and will lay the ground for future research involving the development and testing of interventions for interpersonal firearm violence both by identifying potential high-leverage modifiable predictive factors, and by focusing on youth most in need of intervention.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Flint, Philadelphia, or Seattle Youth between the ages of 18-24 seeking care for any reason at Hurley Medical Center, the Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, or Harborview Medical Center Emergency Department
* Can provide consent for the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Do not understand English (\<1% in prior work)
* Unable to provide consent due to mental status (e.g., alcohol intoxication, acute psychosis) or medical instability.
* ED visit requiring intensive psychosocial services (e.g., sexual assault, psychosis, active suicidal ideation, or child abuse)
* In active police custody/prisoners (as they cannot provide consent)

Primary outcomes:
measure: Firearm Violence Involvement
timeFrame: 1 Year After Baseline ED Visit
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Risky Firearm Behaviors
timeFrame: 1 Year After Baseline ED Visit
measure: Non-Firearm Violence
timeFrame: 1 Year After Baseline ED Visit
measure: Violent Injury
timeFrame: 1 Year After Baseline ED Visit
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Flint
country: United States
facility: Hurley Medical Center
state: Michigan
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
state: Pennsylvania
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: Penn Presbyterian Medical Center
state: Pennsylvania
city: Seattle
country: United States
facility: Harborview Medical Center
state: Washington
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Michigan
name: Jason E. Goldstick, PHD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: