Clinical trial NCT06479538: Effects of Post Isometric Relaxation and Post Facilitation Stretching on Young Fast Bowlers
Official title: Comparative Effects of Post Isometric Relaxation and Post Facilitation Stretching on Pain, Rom and Functional Disability Among Young Fast Bowlers With Quadratus Lumborum Tightness
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Sports Physical Therapy
Keywords: Back pain
muscle energy technique
Quadratus lumborum
visual analogue pain scale
disability
Lead sponsor: Riphah International University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-06-28
Enrollment: 34
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 15
Maximum age (years): 19
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The quadratus lumborum muscle exhibited the highest degree of asymmetry in fast bowlers with low back pain, the identification and correction of this asymmetry is always of interest. Fast bowlers in cricket are more likely to experience non-contact LBP if they use improper technique, prepare less physically, ball too hard, or take on an excessive workload. The quadratus lumborum muscle exhibited the highest degree of asymmetry in fast bowlers with low back pain due to extreme side flexion at non-dominant side and hence results in QL tightness at that side.

The study design will be a Randomized Controlled Trial. This study will be conducted in Pakistan Sports Board (PSB) Lahore. The study will be completed within the time duration of eight to ten months after the approval of the synopsis. The sample size will be 34 subjects. Non-probability convenient sampling technique will be used to recruit the individuals for the study. Then randomization will be done by lottery method to divide the individuals into 2 treatment groups. The experimental group A will be given Post isometric relaxation for 20 minutes for 4 weeks (four times per week) on the other hand experimental group B will receive Post facilitation stretching and after that measure their pre-post values on SPSS. Pain will be measured with VAS, range of motion with inclinometer and functional disability with athlete's disability index questionnaire. In this study, it will be aimed to examine the comparative effects of both techniques that affect pain, range of motion and functional disability with quadratus lumborum tightness in young fast bowlers.

Detailed description: The main objective of this study is to apply post isometric relaxation and post facilitation stretching techniques and to compare the results to identify their influence on pain, range of motion and functional disability on quadratus lumborum tightness in young fast bowlers.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age15-19years
* both male and female fast bowlers
* passive pelvic transverse gliding test for Quadratus lumborum tightness +ve
* Low back pain \> 6 weeks
* Training sessions of at least 3 days/week

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Congenital causes (Spina bifida, Scoliosis, Spondylosis, Spondylolisthesis)
2. Traumatic cause

   * Prolapsed intervertebral disc
   * fracture of vertebral column
3. Inflammatory cause

   * Ankylosing spondylosis
   * Pott's spine
4. Neoplastic cause

   * Benign
   * Malignant
5. Radiculopathy
6. Any spinal surgery
7. Gynecological cause

Primary outcomes:
measure: Visual Analogue Scale
timeFrame: 4 weeks
measure: Inclinometer
timeFrame: 4 weeks
measure: Athletes Disability Index Questionnaire
timeFrame: 4 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Lahore
country: Pakistan
facility: Pakistan Sports Board
state: Punajb
Study officials:
affiliation: Riphah International University
name: Aamir Gul Memon, MS
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Jairakdee Y, Chansirinukor W, Sitti T. Effect of releasing quadratus lumborum muscle on hip and knee muscle length in asymptomatic individuals. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Apr;26:542-547. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.11.008. Epub 2020 Nov 7.
citation: Ranson C, Burnett A, O'Sullivan P, Batt M, Kerslake R. The lumbar paraspinal muscle morphometry of fast bowlers in cricket. Clin J Sport Med. 2008 Jan;18(1):31-7. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181618aa2.
citation: Hides J, Stanton W, Freke M, Wilson S, McMahon S, Richardson C. MRI study of the size, symmetry and function of the trunk muscles among elite cricketers with and without low back pain. Br J Sports Med. 2008 Oct;42(10):809-13. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2007.044024. Epub 2007 Dec 7.
citation: Senington B, Lee RY, Williams JM. Biomechanical risk factors of lower back pain in cricket fast bowlers using inertial measurement units: a prospective and retrospective investigation. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020 Aug 13;6(1):e000818. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000818. eCollection 2020.
citation: Kountouris A, Portus M, Cook J. Cricket fast bowlers without low back pain have larger quadratus lumborum asymmetry than injured bowlers. Clin J Sport Med. 2013 Jul;23(4):300-4. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e318280ac88.
citation: Forrest MRL, Hebert JJ, Scott BR, Dempsey AR. Exercise-based injury prevention for community-level adolescent cricket pace bowlers: A cluster-randomised controlled trial. J Sci Med Sport. 2020 May;23(5):475-480. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.12.009. Epub 2019 Dec 17.
citation: Eftekharsadat B, Fasaie N, Golalizadeh D, Babaei-Ghazani A, Jahanjou F, Eslampoor Y, Dolatkhah N. Comparison of efficacy of corticosteroid injection versus extracorporeal shock wave therapy on inferior trigger points in the quadratus lumborum muscle: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020 Oct 19;21(1):695. doi: 10.1186/s12891-020-03714-3.
citation: Fraeulin L, Holzgreve F, Brinkbaumer M, Dziuba A, Friebe D, Klemz S, Schmitt M, Theis A AL, Tenberg S, van Mark A, Maurer-Grubinger C, Ohlendorf D. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of joint range of motion tests using tape measure, digital inclinometer and inertial motion capturing. PLoS One. 2020 Dec 10;15(12):e0243646. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243646. eCollection 2020.
citation: Noormohammadpour P, Hosseini Khezri A, Farahbakhsh F, Mansournia MA, Smuck M, Kordi R. Reliability and Validity of Athletes Disability Index Questionnaire. Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Mar;28(2):159-167. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000414.