Clinical trial NCT06241157: Pediatric-Quiz Game Behaviour Guidance in Children
Official title: A Novel Behavior Guidance Technique: "The Pediatric Quiz Game" for the Management of Anxious Children
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Behavior, Child
Lead sponsor: Marmara University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2024-02-05
Enrollment: 70
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 4
Maximum age (years): 8
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: FACTORIAL
Intervention model description: There are two experimental groups. The part containing the first group will be completed first, and then the other group will begin. Same dentist will carry out in the experimental part of the study.
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: Behavior orientation is the cornerstone of the success of pediatric dentistry. The use of behavior management techniques enables children to learn appropriate behavior and coping skills, reduce anxiety, and facilitate the delivery of adequate oral health care. Some behavior guidance systems have been tried to be created. On the basis of the magic game, it has been tried to move the children away from the current real situation, the reality of dental treatment, to move forward in communication and successful results have been obtained. The main thing in the technique is to start the communication with the child in the waiting room of the dentist and to reduce the anxiety of the child by improving the self-efficacy perception of the child. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of question-answer behavior guidance technique in dental treatment in pediatric patients.

Detailed description: Behavior orientation is the cornerstone of the success of pediatric dentistry. The use of behavior management techniques enables children to learn appropriate behavior and coping skills, reduce anxiety, and facilitate the delivery of adequate oral health care. Better communication can be achieved when children feel the freedom to express themselves. In the same way, parents may state that in cases where there is no coercion and verbal communication, the children are uncomfortable and they have problems during their second-third dentist visits.

However, in some cases, success may not be achieved even if different behavior management techniques are applied. Activities such as diverting attention in children to other areas, starting the communication in the waiting room before entering the practice environment can lead to self-confidence, relaxation and confidence. The method of rewarding can also be very effective in directing behavior in children. For this reason, it communicates with a combination of some techniques without depending on only one technique and can lead to applications in dentistry practice.

Based on this idea, some behavior guidance systems have been tried to be created. On the basis of the magic game, it has been tried to move the children away from the current real situation, the reality of dental treatment, to move forward in communication and successful results have been obtained.

With this information, the aim of our study is to experience a new behavior management technique in children. The main thing in the technique is to start the communication with the child in the waiting room of the dentist and to reduce the anxiety of the child by improving the self-efficacy perception of the child. In this direction, in order to increase the child's self-efficacy perception, simple questions are asked to the child about colors, fruits and animals, if necessary, clues are given to give correct answers, and verbal praise for correct answers aims to increase self-efficacy perception and reduce anxiety. After the communication is started in the waiting room, the dental examination, dental chair and planned procedures will be introduced to the child, together with the tell-show-do method, as always practiced in the dental chair. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of question-answer behavior guidance technique in dental treatment in pediatric patients. Children's pain and anxiety levels were assessed by various tests designed to purpose. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a self-reporting scale,was preferred to evaluate children's experience of pain. The scale displayed a colored spectrum on the front side ranging from no pain (white) to severe pain (red), which indicates relevant pain scores ranging from 0 to 10 on the reverse side.10

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Children of age group 4-8 years.
2. with no previous dental experience.
3. without any systemic or mental disorders.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Children or their families that could not agree to participate the study
2. They had a previous serious dental experience in need of emergency treatment
3. Having systemic or mental disorders

Primary outcomes:
measure: The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
timeFrame: 3 Months
measure: The Dental Subscale of Children's Fear Survey Schedule parental version (CFSS-DS pv)
timeFrame: 3 months
measure: The Venham Picture Test (VPT), a self-reporting scale
timeFrame: 3 months
measure: Facial Image Scale (FIS).
timeFrame: 3 months
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Istanbul
country: Turkey
facility: Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry
Study officials:
References:
citation: Shahnavaz S, Hedman-Lagerlof E, Hasselblad T, Reuterskiold L, Kaldo V, Dahllof G. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Dental Anxiety: Open Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Jan 22;20(1):e12. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7803.
citation: Peretz B, Gluck G. Magic trick: a behavioural strategy for the management of strong-willed children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2005 Nov;15(6):429-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2005.00668.x.
citation: Grisolia BM, Dos Santos APP, Dhyppolito IM, Buchanan H, Hill K, Oliveira BH. Prevalence of dental anxiety in children and adolescents globally: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021 Mar;31(2):168-183. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12712. Epub 2020 Sep 9.