Clinical trial NCT04801576: In Vivo Assessment of Geno- and Cytotoxicity of Fluoridated Toothpastes and Mouthrinses on Buccal Epithelial Cells
Official title: In Vivo Assessment of Geno- and Cytotoxicity of Fluoridated Toothpastes and Mouthrinses on Human Buccal Epithelial Cells
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: DNA Damage
Lead sponsor: University of Split, School of Medicine
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2021-03-17
Enrollment: 40
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE

Brief summary: Buccal cells represent the first barrier to the oral hygiene products' potential toxic effect. The usual concentration of fluoride in toothpastes is 1000/1100 parts per million (ppm F); toothpastes with higher (1500 ppm F) and lower than conventional fluoride levels (around 500 ppm F) are available in many countries. Toothpastes containing higher concentrations of fluoride confer greater protection against caries but at the same time the fluoride is able to induce harmful effects on oral mucosa cells.

The study would include around 40 participants, aged between 20 and 65, divided in two groups. Each group will use fluoride free toothpaste for 28 days, than afterwards group B will get toothpastes (each for 28 days) with no fluoride, 1045 ppm F and 1450 ppm F used together with mouthrinse containing 450 ppm F, while the group A will have everything the same except the mouthrinse that will contain no fluoride - a placebo mouthrinse.

Every 28 days buccal cells samples would be collected from each participant and a Buccal micronucleus cytome assay would be performed according to Nature protocols: Thomas et all.

The aim of this study would be to assess the possible cumulative effect of together use of fluoridated toothpastes and mouthrinses, since population worldwide uses them together without any exact studies about toxicity.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* healthy subjects
* a sufficient level of education to understand the procedures
* patients not younger than 18 and not older than 65 years
* non-smokers
* patients without exposure to any x-ray examination in last 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* subjects with use of any medications
* subjects that use alcohol
* subjects with oral lesions
* subjects with history of chronic health conditions

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of patients with treatment-related cytotoxic and genotoxic events in buccal cells assessed by buccal cytome micronucleus assay.
timeFrame: 112 days (4 periods of 28 days)
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Split
country: Croatia
facility: University of Split School of medicine
Study officials:
References:
citation: Tadin A, Gavic L, Govic T, Galic N, Zorica Vladislavic N, Zeljezic D. In vivo evaluation of fluoride and sodium lauryl sulphate in toothpaste on buccal epithelial cells toxicity. Acta Odontol Scand. 2019 Jul;77(5):386-393. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1577988. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
citation: Tadin A, Gavic L, Zeravica A, Ugrin K, Galic N, Zeljezic D. Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of conventional and whitening kinds of toothpaste on oral mucosa cells. Acta Odontol Scand. 2018 Jan;76(1):64-70. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1384567. Epub 2017 Sep 29.
citation: Tadin A, Marovic D, Galic N, Kovacic I, Zeljezic D. Composite-induced toxicity in human gingival and pulp fibroblast cells. Acta Odontol Scand. 2014 May;72(4):304-11. doi: 10.3109/00016357.2013.824607. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
citation: Ribeiro DA, Cardoso CM, Yujra VQ, DE Barros Viana M, Aguiar O Jr, Pisani LP, Oshima CTF. Fluoride Induces Apoptosis in Mammalian Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Anticancer Res. 2017 Sep;37(9):4767-4777. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.11883.
citation: Thomas P, Holland N, Bolognesi C, Kirsch-Volders M, Bonassi S, Zeiger E, Knasmueller S, Fenech M. Buccal micronucleus cytome assay. Nat Protoc. 2009;4(6):825-37. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2009.53. Epub 2009 May 7.