Clinical trial NCT05130138: Interest of PHARMaceutical Conciliation to Understand Drug Interactions, Phytotherapy, and Targeted Therapies in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Official title: Interest of PHARMaceutical Conciliation to Understand Drug Interactions, Phytotherapy, and Targeted Therapies in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: PHARM-LMC Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Keywords: hematology
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
pharmaceutical conciliation
pharmaceutical intervention
drug interactions
phytotherapy
targeted therapies
Lead sponsor: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Institut de Cancérologie de la Loire
First posted: 2021-11-22
Enrollment: 100
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: The aim of this trial is therefore to identify concomitant treatments with taking Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (=TKI) in the indication of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), whatever the stage of the disease, via pharmaceutical conciliation. These concomitant treatments as well as their dosages will be correlated with the TKI dosage since patients must have a sufficient residual concentration to be considered effective and to confirm adherence to treatment, the leading cause of treatment failure.

In the event of unsatisfactory results, pharmaceutical interventions may take place: changes in treatments (TKI and not TKI) and / or dosages. In case of modification, a new dosage of TKI should be carried out.

Detailed description: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative syndrome with an estimated incidence of 0.8-1 cases per 100,000 person-years in 2018 in France. CML is characterized by the transformation of a pluripotent stem cell resulting in an increase in myeloid and erythroid lineages and megakaryocytes in peripheral blood as well as myeloid hyperplasia in the bone marrow.

In the absence of treatment, the disease, which begins in a chronic phase over a few years, progresses to an acceleration phase, before reaching an acute phase, known as a blast crisis, with a poor prognosis. This abnormal proliferation of white blood cells results from the reciprocal translocation (exchange) between chromosomes 9 and 22. This exchange brings two normally distinct genes into contact: the (breakpoint cluster region) BCR gene and the abl gene (Tyrosine-protein kinase), which will form an abnormal gene called "fusion Bcr-abl". This gene encodes a fusion protein with deregulated tyrosine kinase activity that activates various mechanisms involved in cell multiplication.

Since the 1990s, the arrival of the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), imatinib, has radically changed patient management. Indeed, according to Public Health France, this treatment has allowed the majority of patients to remain in the chronic phase for a long time. Patient survival has therefore increased dramatically as the life expectancy of patients with CML taking their treatment regularly approaches that of the general population.

However, even though several generations of TKI have been developed, certain toxicities may lead to discontinuation of treatment, or to a modification of the dose. Indeed, a meta-analysis published in June 2020 shows that second and third generation of TKI improve the major molecular response by 3 months, but are associated with a recrudescence of thrombocytopenia, cardiovascular, pancreatic and hepatic events. First generation imatinib therefore remains the best option for patients with co-morbidities despite the frequent presence of headaches, digestive disorders, and cramps.

It has therefore always been customary to change the TKI or modify the prescribed doses, while the side effects or ineffectiveness of these inhibitors could be explained by drug interactions, or be related to the use of herbal medicine. Indeed, TKIs are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system. The activity of this cytochrome is not only different from one person to another, but can also be affected by other treatments. For example, some treatments will inhibit the activity of this cytochrome P450, increasing the exposure of TKIs in plasma. The pharmacokinetics of the drug will therefore depend on these concomitant treatments and their influence, among others, on cytochrome P450.

In addition, the median age at diagnosis is respectively 61 years for men and 62 years for women. These patients are therefore often carriers of other chronic diseases and are have multiple treatments.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Major patient;
* Patient affiliated to a social security scheme;
* Patient suffering from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, taking a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (Imatinib, Nilotinib, Dasatinib, or Bosutinib);
* Molecular response \< 4,5 Log;

Exclusion Criteria:

* Legal incapacity or limited capacity ; Medical or psychological incapacity or limited capacity;
* Not able to read and/or to write French;
* Patient taking Ponatinib.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Number of patients for whom pharmaceutical interventions have been done
timeFrame: 12 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Molecular response
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Concomitant treatments
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor observance
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Side effects
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Patients' satisfaction
timeFrame: 12 months
measure: Patients' quality of life
timeFrame: 12 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Saint-Étienne
country: France
facility: CHU de Saint-Etienne
Study officials:
affiliation: CHU de Saint-Etienne
name: Xavier SIMOENS, MD, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: