Clinical trial NCT03419260: Electrographic Seizure Management and Neurobehavioral Outcomes in Critically Ill Children
Official title: Electrographic Seizure Management and Neurobehavioral Outcomes in Critically Ill Children
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Conditions: Seizures
Keywords: seizures
status epilepticus
EEG monitoring
Lead sponsor: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
First posted: 2018-02-01
Enrollment: 2500
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 1
Maximum age (years): 18
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: This study is a prospective observational study of consecutive patients undergoing clinically indicated EEG monitoring in the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Pediatric ICU as guided by an institutional ICU EEG Monitoring Pathway. Each subject will participate from the time of EEG monitoring initiation until the time of hospital discharge. This duration will generally be from several days to several weeks depending on the duration of the hospitalization.

Brief summary: Electrographic seizures are common in critically ill patients leading to increased use of resource-intense continuous EEG monitoring for seizure identification and management. When identified, electrographic seizures are generally treated with anti-seizure medications, but there are very limited data available regarding optimal treatment in terms of the efficacy or safety of specific anti-seizure medications or overall management strategies.

This is a single-center prospective observational study. The investigators aim to: (1) track critically ill patients undergoing clinically indicated EEG monitoring and seizure management to identify risk factors for electrographic seizures, (2) create prediction models guiding EEG monitoring resources to the patients at highest risk for seizures, and (3) evaluate our current management strategy in terms of safety.

Detailed description: Context: Electrographic seizures are common in critically ill patients leading to increased use of resource-intense continuous EEG monitoring for seizure identification and management. When identified, electrographic seizures are generally treated with anti-seizure medications, but there are very limited data available regarding optimal treatment in terms of specific medication selections or overall management strategies. The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) has a formal ICU EEG Monitoring Pathway aiming to standardize EEG monitoring and seizure management. This is a single-center prospective observational study of patients undergoing clinically indicated EEG monitoring to identify risk factors for electrographic seizures and create prediction models guiding limited EEG monitoring resources to the patients at highest risk for seizures, and also to evaluate the current seizure management strategy in terms of safety.

Objectives: The primary objective is to identify risk factors for electrographic seizures in critically ill patients and use these risk factors to create and validate a seizure prediction model. The secondary objective is to evaluate the safety of a targeted and timely electrographic seizure identification and management strategy among critically ill patients guided by a CHOP ICU EEG Monitoring Pathway.

Study Design: Single center observational study of consecutive patients undergoing clinically indicated EEG monitoring.

Setting/Participants: Single-center study of critically ill children in the Pediatric ICU at CHOP undergoing clinically indicated EEG monitoring and seizure management.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Care in the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Pediatric ICU.
2. Clinically indicated continuous EEG monitoring.
3. Age \> 1 month to 18 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Admitted for Phase 2 (intracranial) EEG monitoring.
2. Intensivist expects to discontinue technological support in the next two days given underlying medical or neurological problems.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Electrographic Seizure Occurrence
timeFrame: 3 days
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Safety - Mortality
timeFrame: 5 days
measure: Safety - Occurrence of Cardiopulmonary adverse effects
timeFrame: 5 days
measure: Safety - Occurrence of Organ Dysfunction
timeFrame: 5 days
measure: Safety -Occurrence of Hospital Acquired Infections
timeFrame: 5 days
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Philadelphia
country: United States
facility: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
state: Pennsylvania
Study officials:
affiliation: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
name: Nicholas S Abend, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Fung FW, Jacobwitz M, Vala L, Parikh D, Donnelly M, Xiao R, Topjian AA, Abend NS. Electroencephalographic seizures in critically ill children: Management and adverse events. Epilepsia. 2019 Oct;60(10):2095-2104. doi: 10.1111/epi.16341. Epub 2019 Sep 20.
citation: Fung FW, Jacobwitz M, Parikh DS, Vala L, Donnelly M, Fan J, Xiao R, Topjian AA, Abend NS. Development of a model to predict electroencephalographic seizures in critically ill children. Epilepsia. 2020 Mar;61(3):498-508. doi: 10.1111/epi.16448. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
citation: Fung FW, Parikh DS, Donnelly M, Xiao R, Topjian AA, Abend NS. Electrographic Seizure Characteristics and Electrographic Status Epilepticus Prediction. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2025 Jan 1;42(1):64-72. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000001068. Epub 2024 Jan 9.
citation: Fung FW, Parikh DS, Massey SL, Fitzgerald MP, Vala L, Donnelly M, Jacobwitz M, Kessler SK, Xiao R, Topjian AA, Abend NS. Periodic Discharges in Critically Ill Children: Predictors and Outcome. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2024 May 1;41(4):297-304. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000986. Epub 2023 Dec 1.
citation: Fung FW, Parikh DS, Donnelly M, Jacobwitz M, Topjian AA, Xiao R, Abend NS. EEG Monitoring in Critically Ill Children: Establishing High-Yield Subgroups. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2024 May 1;41(4):305-311. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000995. Epub 2023 Mar 8.
citation: Fung FW, Fan J, Parikh DS, Vala L, Donnelly M, Jacobwitz M, Topjian AA, Xiao R, Abend NS. Validation of a Model for Targeted EEG Monitoring Duration in Critically Ill Children. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2023 Nov 1;40(7):589-599. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000940. Epub 2022 Apr 20.
citation: Fung FW, Parikh DS, Massey SL, Fitzgerald MP, Vala L, Donnelly M, Jacobwitz M, Kessler SK, Topjian AA, Abend NS. Periodic and rhythmic patterns in critically ill children: Incidence, interrater agreement, and seizures. Epilepsia. 2021 Dec;62(12):2955-2967. doi: 10.1111/epi.17068. Epub 2021 Oct 12.
citation: Fung FW, Wang Z, Parikh DS, Jacobwitz M, Vala L, Donnelly M, Topjian AA, Xiao R, Abend NS. Electrographic Seizures and Outcome in Critically Ill Children. Neurology. 2021 May 31;96(22):e2749-e2760. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012032.
citation: Fung FW, Parikh DS, Jacobwitz M, Vala L, Donnelly M, Wang Z, Xiao R, Topjian AA, Abend NS. Validation of a model to predict electroencephalographic seizures in critically ill children. Epilepsia. 2020 Dec;61(12):2754-2762. doi: 10.1111/epi.16724. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
citation: Fung FW, Fan J, Vala L, Jacobwitz M, Parikh DS, Donnelly M, Topjian AA, Xiao R, Abend NS. EEG monitoring duration to identify electroencephalographic seizures in critically ill children. Neurology. 2020 Sep 15;95(11):e1599-e1608. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000010421. Epub 2020 Jul 20.