Clinical trial NCT04263194: Network-based rTMS in Alzheimer's Disease
Official title: Novel Tailored Network-based rTMS Treatments in Alzheimer's Disease: an Integrated Multiimaging Approach
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Alzheimer Disease, Late Onset
Alzheimer Disease
Cognitive Deterioration
Keywords: TMS
rTMS
Alzheimer Disease
Lead sponsor: IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa Lucia
name: Ministero della Salute, Italy
First posted: 2020-02-10
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 55
Maximum age (years): 85
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Intervention model description: After recruitment, patients will be randomized and assigned to one of three rTMS treatments: DMN (N=20), CEN (N=20) or placebo (N=20). The rTMS treatment will consist of 2 phases: an intensive phase and a maintenance phase. The intensive phase will involve 3 weeks of treatment, 5 days per week (15 sessions in total). The maintenance will consist of 1 session of treatment every 2 weeks for 5 months (10 sessions in total). Overall, the patients will undergo 25 sessions of rTMS delivered over 6 months. At baseline (T0), at the end of the intensive phase (T1) and at the end of the maintenance phase (T2) all patients will undergo a clinical and cognitive assessment and a multi-modal imaging data collection.
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Severe alterations of brain networks connectivity have been described in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has gained evidence as an effective tool to modulate brain networks connectivity, leading to a recovery or reorganization of both local and remote brain regions functionally connected to the stimulated area. The investogators propose an innovative tailored network-based rTMS treatment to ameliorate cognitive symptoms in mild AD, through the boosting of connectivity within brain networks affected by AD pathophysiology. The combination of the proposed intervention with an integrated multi-modal imaging approach will allow to evaluate the neural mechanisms underlying the clinical response to the treatment and to define quantitative markers of clinical impact on AD. If successful, the present proposal would immediately impact on patient's quality of life, with important implications for the time and costs of delivery of rehabilitative services.

Detailed description: Currently, no effective cure is available for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has gained increasing attention as a potential treatment for various neurological and psychiatric disorders, but available rTMS studies are flawed by inaccurate anatomical targeting, inadequate sample size, unsatisfactory controls and lacking blindness. To date, the elective target area of rTMS interventions in AD has been the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a core area of the Central Executive network (CEN), which plays a key role in regulating executive functions, attention and working memory. While the CEN has recently been described as dysfunctional in AD, AD pathophysiology has been mainly associated with the breakdown of the Default Mode network (DMN) and with structural disconnection of its parietal nodes. The DMN plays a crucial role in episodic memory retrieval and incorporates various brain regions, among which parietal areas are highly connected with the rest of the brain. The present multicenter, double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled study has the ambition to provide evidence of the efficacy of two tailored network-based rTMS treatments in mild AD, through the enhancement of connectivity of CEN and DMN. Innovative integrated multi-modal imaging investigations will further enrich this proposal allowing to identify quantifiable markers underlying the clinical impact of rTMS on AD.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Mini-Mental State Examination score \>=16, \<=24
* Anti-cholinesterase treatment for at least 3 months prior the start date

Exclusion Criteria:

* Enrollment in other clinical and pharmacological trials
* Previous evidence of any other CNS disorder (e.g. epilepsy, infectious diseases, frontotemporal, Parkinson or Pick's disease)
* History of major psychiatric disorders
* History of alchol or substance abuse
* Stress-related skin problems
* Current consumption of psychiatric medication
* Presence of metal implants or any implanted electronics

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in ADAS-Cog scale scores
timeFrame: At baseline (T0), up to 4 weeks (T1), through study completion, an average of 6 months (T2)
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change in CANTAB battery scores
timeFrame: At baseline (T0), up to 4 weeks (T1), through study completion, an average of 6 months (T2)
measure: Change in brain connectivity
timeFrame: At baseline (T0), up to 4 weeks (T1), through study completion, an average of 6 months (T2)
measure: Change in brain plasticity
timeFrame: At baseline (T0), up to 4 weeks (T1), through study completion, an average of 6 months (T2)
measure: Change in MRI measures of functional and structural connectivity
timeFrame: At baseline (T0), up to 4 weeks (T1), through study completion, an average of 6 months (T2)
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Brescia
country: Italy
facility: IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli
state: Lombardia
Study officials:
affiliation: IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli
name: Debora Brignani
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: