Clinical trial NCT00623740: PREMILOC Trial to Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Preterm Neonates
Official title: Early Prevention of Broncho-pulmonary Dysplasia and Neonatal Mortality in Very Preterm Infants Using Low Dose of Hydrocortisone: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE3
Conditions: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Keywords: Hydrocortisone
Very low birth weight
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Prevention Cerebral palsy
Lead sponsor: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2008-02-26
Enrollment: 523
Sex: ALL
Maximum age (years): 24
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: There is increasing evidence linking a fetal and early neonatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome to the subsequent development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and white matter injury (WMI) in very preterm infants. Babies with evidence of adrenal insufficiency early in life may not be able to control the inflammatory response and are thereby more likely to develop BPD than babies who do not show such evidence of inflammation. We designed a randomized controlled trial to test the hypothesis whether very preterm babies at high-risk of BPD, treated with low doses of HC during the first 10 days of life, are more likely to survive without BPD at 36 weeks of post-menstrual age (PMA), compared to babies treated with placebo.

Detailed description: Individual patients and study procedures. Entry criteria: gestational age between 24 weeks and 27 weeks + 6 days, babies born to mother with either clinical chorioamnionitis, preterm and prelabor rupture of the membranes (PPROM), or preterm labor, written informed consent obtained before inclusion and randomization. Exclusion criteria: babies born with birth weight below the 3th percentile, PPROM before 22 weeks, major fetal anomaly or congenital malformation, mother refusal or inability to provide consent. Stratification: stratum A: 24-25 weeks and stratum B: 26-27 weeks. Centrally controlled randomization takes place between 12 and 48 hours of age and patients assigned to the HC group are treated with 0,5 mg/kg HC intravenously twice a day for seven days and once a day for the next three days. Ibuprofen is only given to babies with persistent ductus arteriosis (PDA) echocardiographically confirmed at 24 hours of age or older.

Outcome variables. The primary outcome is a dichotomous variable: survival without BPD at 36 weeks PMA. A consistent physiologic definition of BPD will be used by all participating centres (Walsh MC, Pediatrics 2004;114:1305-11). Secondary outcome variables include features of WMI on MRI performed at 40 weeks PMA and neurodevelopmental outcome at 2-year of corrected age. Other outcome variables include death before discharge, BPD at 28 days and 36 weeks, duration of mechanical ventilation and O2 supplementation, need for vasopressors, use of open-labeled postnatal steroids (HC or dexamethasone), confirmed or suspected early and late onset sepsis, PDA, gastrointestinal perforation, NEC, ROP, IVH, biological markers of the neonatal inflammatory response syndrome.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Gestational age between 24 weeks and 27 weeks + 6 days
* Babies born to mother with either clinical chorioamnionitis, preterm and prelabor rupture of the membranes (PPROM), or preterm labor
* Written informed consent obtained before inclusion and randomization.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Babies born to mothers with birth weight below the 3th percentile
* PPROM before 22 weeks
* Major fetal anomaly or congenital malformation
* Mother refusal or inability to provide consent.

Primary outcomes:
measure: dichotomous variable: survival without BPD at 36 weeks PMA.
timeFrame: add 8 to12
Secondary outcomes:
measure: features of WMI on MRI performed between 36-40 weeks PMA
timeFrame: 8-12 weeks
measure: neurodevelopmental outcome
timeFrame: 18 month-3 years
measure: Death before discharge
timeFrame: discharge
measure: BPD 28 days and 36 weeks
timeFrame: 28 days and 36 weeks
measure: duration of mechanical ventilation and O2 supplementation
timeFrame: inclusion to discharge
measure: need for vasopressors
timeFrame: inclusion to discharge
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Paris
country: France
facility: Hopital Robert Debre
Study officials:
affiliation: ASSISTANCE PULIQUE HOPITAUX DE PARIS
name: olivier BAUD, Pr
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Baud O. [Postnatal steroid treatment in preterm infants: risk/benefit ratio]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2005 Feb;34(1 Suppl):S118-26. doi: 10.1016/s0368-2315(05)82698-5. French.
citation: Baud O, Maury L, Lebail F, Ramful D, El Moussawi F, Nicaise C, Zupan-Simunek V, Coursol A, Beuchee A, Bolot P, Andrini P, Mohamed D, Alberti C; PREMILOC trial study group. Effect of early low-dose hydrocortisone on survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants (PREMILOC): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet. 2016 Apr 30;387(10030):1827-36. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00202-6. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
citation: Baud O, Trousson C, Biran V, Leroy E, Mohamed D, Alberti C; PREMILOC Trial Group. Association Between Early Low-Dose Hydrocortisone Therapy in Extremely Preterm Neonates and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 2 Years of Age. JAMA. 2017 Apr 4;317(13):1329-1337. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.2692.
citation: Baud O, Alberti C, Mohamed D, Watterberg K. Low-dose hydrocortisone in extremely preterm infants - Authors' reply. Lancet. 2016 Sep 17;388(10050):1158-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31611-7. Epub 2016 Sep 16. No abstract available.
citation: Renolleau C, Toumazi A, Bourmaud A, Benoist JF, Chevenne D, Mohamed D, Alberti C, Biran V, Baud O; PREMILOC Trial Study Group. Association between Baseline Cortisol Serum Concentrations and the Effect of Prophylactic Hydrocortisone in Extremely Preterm Infants. J Pediatr. 2021 Jul;234:65-70.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.12.057. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
citation: Alison M, Tilea B, Toumazi A, Biran V, Mohamed D, Alberti C, Bourmaud A, Baud O; PREMILOC Trial group. Prophylactic hydrocortisone in extremely preterm infants and brain MRI abnormality. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2020 Sep;105(5):520-525. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-317720. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
citation: Heneau A, Guimiot F, Mohamed D, Rideau Batista Novais A, Alberti C, Baud O; PREMILOC Trial study group. Placental Findings and Effect of Prophylactic Hydrocortisone in Extremely Preterm Infants. Pediatrics. 2018 Feb;141(2):e20171788. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-1788. Epub 2018 Jan 18.