louisbrulenaudet/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Clinical trial NCT00582374: Periodontal Disease and Preterm Birth
Official title: Periodontal Disease, Inflammatory Markers, and Preterm Birth
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: WITHDRAWN
Conditions: Periodontal Disease
Preterm Birth
Low Birth Weight
Keywords: Periodontal Disease
Preterm Birth
Low Birth Weight
Pregnancy
Lead sponsor: University of Oklahoma
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2007-12-28
Enrollment: 0
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 15
Maximum age (years): 35
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: COHORT
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: Pregnant women from the OU Medical Center Women's Clinic

Brief summary: To determine the relationship between periodontal disease and upper genital tract inflammation in pregnancy. To determine whether certain fluid levels in the oral cavity and the vagina are associated with preterm birth or low-birth weight.

Detailed description: Patients will be enrolled in the study at their first prenatal visit after the details of the study have been discussed. Potential subjects will be presented with a questionnaire to determine eligibility for the study. The patient will be scheduled for an exam between 18-24 weeks at which time they will undergo a periodontal assessment, to determine the presence or absence of periodontal disease, a sampling of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and a vaginal swab collection. Periodontal disease will be determined by measuring the depth of gingival sulci, amount of periodontal attachment loss, and prevalence of gingival bleeding at six sites for each tooth present.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Between the ages of 15-35
* Singleton gestation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes prior to pregnancy
* Require antibiotic prophylaxis prior to dental treatment
* Require steroids during pregnancy

Primary outcomes:
measure: To determine the relationship between periodontal disease and upper genital tract inflammation as measured by cytokine levels IL-6, IL-1, and TNF-α and MMP levels from the posterior fornix of the vagina.
timeFrame: 4 years
Secondary outcomes:
measure: To determine whether IL-1β levels in the oral cavity and the vagina are associated with preterm birth or low-birth weight.
timeFrame: 4 years
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Oklahoma City
country: United States
facility: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
state: Oklahoma
Study officials:
affiliation: University of Oklahoma
name: Eric Knudtson, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT01268774: Preventive Treatment of VETD in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Receiving Chemotherapy With Thalidomide or Lenalinomide.
Official title: Preventive Treatment of VETD in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Receiving Chemotherapy With Thalidomide or Lenalinomide
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Conditions: Multiple Myeloma
Lead sponsor: LEO Pharma
Sponsor class: INDUSTRY
First posted: 2010-12-31
Enrollment: 529
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Observational model: COHORT
Sampling method: NON_PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: patinets with multiple myeloma treated with thalidomide or lenalidomide

Brief summary: Patients with multiple myeloma have seen their survival rate strongly improved with the use of new anti angiogenic agents. Among them, the new chemotherapy with thalidomide or lenalinomide are frequently successfully suggested in therapeutic protocol such as MPT however they can strongly increase the risk of venous thrombo embolic disease (DVT and PTE) up to 20%. In these conditions, a prevention of this risk can be proposed by physician with either low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) anticoagulants or antiplatelets agents. Pending the new recommendations on the management of VTED, the purpose of this study is to describe in real life conditions the management by oncologists of the thrombo embolic risk for such patients


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with multiple myeloma receiving a chemotherapy protocol including thalidomide or lenalidomide

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients involved in an interventional clinical trial

Primary outcomes:
measure: Disease history and VETD risk factors. Chemotherapy protocol for multiple myeloma. Therapeutic used for VETD prevention (LWMH, anticoagulants, antiplatelets or none)
timeFrame: 4 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: PE and DVT rate at 4 months and one year. Bleedings and all relevant SAE and AE at 4 months and one year.
timeFrame: 12 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT06993974: Nitazoxanide in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Official title: Clinical Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of Nitazoxanide in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Ulcerative Colitis
Lead sponsor: Alexandria University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Prof. Dr. Ahmed Ibrahim Mohammed El Mallah, faculty of pharmacy, Alexandria University.
name: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Noha Alaa Eldin Hassan Hamdy, Faculty of pharmacy, Alexandria University.
name: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Fathi Amer, Faculty of Medecine, Kafr Elsheikh University.
First posted: 2025-05-29
Enrollment: 70
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel Disease (IBD) that primarily affects the rectum and colon. The severity and persistence of mucosal inflammation are associated with morbidity and mortality.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years
* Both male and female will be included
* Mild and moderate UC patients are already diagnosed and confirmed by endoscope and histopathology.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Breast feeding or pregnancy.
* Colorectal cancer patients.
* Patients with severe UC.
* Patients taking rectal or systemic steroids.
* Patients taking immunosuppressives or biological therapies.
* Addiction to alcohol and / or drugs.
* Known allergy to the studied medications.

Primary outcomes:
measure: change in partial mayo score.
timeFrame: 3 months
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Alexandria
country: Egypt
facility: Alexandria University
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT01856374: Serial EValuation of multiplE Coronary Artery Diseases by an Optical Coherence Tomography; Assessment of the Changes of de Novo Lesions and Comparisons of Neointimal Coverage Between Xience Prime® Versus Cypher SelectTM Stents; SEVEN-Xience Study
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: PHASE4
Conditions: Multi-vessel Diseases, Angina
Lead sponsor: Yonsei University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2013-05-17
Enrollment: 60
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 20
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: This study is a prospective open-labeled, randomized study to compare the neointimal coverage at 3 months and 12 months and its serial changes between 3 months and 12 months according to the implanted DES and evaluate the serial changes in the proximal portions of 3 epicardial coronary artery and left main artery including the assessment of fibrous cap thickness and lipid pool for vulnerable plaques by OCT. In addition, the investigators will compare the changes such as plaques and neointimal coverage from serial OCT follow-up according to the different statin strategy.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient is ≥ 20 years old
* Patients with typical angina who are considered for coronary revascularization.
* Multi-vessel diseases: more than 2 significant coronary de novo lesions (\> 70% by quantitative angiographic analysis); one of the target lesions is the most significant tight stenotic lesion causing the ischemic symptom and requiring the immediate revascularization but the others are significant but non-tight lesions to be delayed or observed for 3 months and not requiring immediate PCI for the complete revascularization of all coronary arteries.

Exclusion Criteria:

* ST-elevation MI
* Cardiogenic shock or hemodynamically unstable status
* Lesions requiring the immediate complete revascularization of all coronary stenotic lesions
* Contraindication to anti-platelet agents
* Treated with any DES within 6 months at other vessel
* Creatinine level ≥ 2.0 mg/dL or ESRD
* Severe hepatic dysfunction (3 times normal reference values)
* Pregnant women or women with potential childbearing
* Life expectancy 1 year
* Complex lesion morphologies (bifurcation lesions treated with 2-stent techniques, untreated significant unprotected left main diseases, chronic total occlusion, in-stent restenosis, and vein graft lesion)

Primary outcomes:
measure: neointimal coverage according to the implanted DES; Xience vs. Cypher
timeFrame: up to 12month after stent implantation
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Seoul
country: Korea, Republic of
facility: Severance Hospital
Study officials:
References:
citation: Kim JS, Kim JH, Shin DH, Kim BK, Ko YG, Choi D, Jang Y, Hong MK. Effect of High-Dose Statin Therapy on Drug-Eluting Stent Strut Coverage. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2015 Nov;35(11):2460-7. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.306037. Epub 2015 Sep 10.
Clinical trial NCT01860274: Meshed Vein Graft Patency Trial - VEST
Official title: External Mesh of Vein Grafts In Coronary Artery Bypass Grating: Early Patency and Clinical Outcome
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease
Keywords: Mesh
Graft
Patency
Lead sponsor: Cardiochirurgia E.H.
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2013-05-22
Enrollment: 102
Sex: ALL
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The study hypothesis is that a meshed conduit made of safen vein allows a better patency at mid-long term than a safen vein alone.

To test this hypothesis the investigators plan a prospective, randomized study, comparing grafts to the diagonal, in cases of vessel diameter under 1.5mm. A control angiography will be performed one year after the operation.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinical Indication for elective Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting with at least one vein graft
* Coronary artery with critical stenosis (over 70%)

Exclusion Criteria:

-

Primary outcomes:
measure: Patency
timeFrame: 6 to 12 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE)
timeFrame: 60 months
measure: Vein graft lumen uniformity
timeFrame: 6 to 12 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Rome
country: Italy
facility: European Hospital
city: Turin
country: Italy
facility: Mauriziano Hospital
Study officials:
affiliation: European Hospital - Rome
name: Luca Weltert, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
affiliation: European Hospital - Rome
name: Ruggero De Paulis, MD
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
citation: Weltert LP, Audisio K, Bellisaro A, Bardi G, Flocco R, De Paulis R, Centofanti P. External stenting of vein grafts in coronary artery bypass grating: interim results from a two centers prospective study. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2021 Apr 12;16(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s13019-021-01406-0.
Clinical trial NCT04183374: DNA Damage and Subfertility in Males - Lifestyle Interventions to Improve Male Fertility and Health
Official title: DNA Damage and Subfertility in Males - Lifestyle Interventions to Improve Male Fertility and Health
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Phase: NA
Conditions: Infertility
Keywords: male infertility
DNA fragmentation Index
DFI
life style intervention
Lead sponsor: Regionshospitalet Viborg, Skive
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2019-12-03
Enrollment: 680
Sex: MALE
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: A lifestyle intervention study in infertile males of couples seeking fertility treatment with a DNA fragmentation index (DFI) above 15 percentage. A reduction in DNA fragmentation index of 10 percentage points is expected after 3-4 months of intervention.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* DNA fragmentation index above 15 %

Exclusion Criteria:

* TESA/PESA

Primary outcomes:
measure: Change in DNA fragmentation index (DFI)
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Change in classical sperm parameters
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Change in classical sperm parameters
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Change in classical sperm parameters
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Change in classical sperm parameters
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Changes in parameters for metabolic syndrome
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Changes in parameters for metabolic syndrome
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Changes in parameters for metabolic syndrome
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Changes in parameters for metabolic syndrome
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Change in plasma lipids
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Change in serum D-vitamin levels
timeFrame: 3-4 months after inclusion
measure: Number of participants achieving live birth
timeFrame: Week 30-42 of pregnancy
measure: Number of participants with clinical pregnancy
timeFrame: Week 7-8 of pregnancy
measure: Number of participants with biochemical pregnancy
timeFrame: Day 14-17 of pregnancy
measure: Cumulative live birth rate
timeFrame: 9-24 months after inclusion
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Skive
country: Denmark
facility: Fertility Clinic Skive, Skive Regional Hospital
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT05956574: Lifestyle Intervention for Healthy Change
Official title: Healthy Living: Incorporating Lifestyle Interventions to Encourage a Reduction in Body Weight.
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Overweight and Obesity
Keywords: physical activity
dietary intervention
Lead sponsor: Augusta University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-07-21
Enrollment: 125
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Maximum age (years): 40
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a physician led, multi-disciplinary approach to treating obesity that incorporates nutrition (mainly, using genetics to identify appropriate food intake), exercise, and motivational counseling. The investigators plan to recruit overweight/obese (BMI\>25) males and females to participate. Participants will be randomized to receive a personalized diet plan, or a standard care diet plan; both groups will participate in the exercise intervention. For a 6-month duration, both groups will be asked to improve their diet according to their dietary plan and participate in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (gradual increase up to 300 min/week). The investigators intend to evaluate standard outcomes of weight loss, and assess for any predictors of positive outcomes. Following the six-month intervention, participants will complete a 3-month no contact phase. This no contact phase will provide insight into the effects of the study on weight loss maintenance. Our team also plans to address acceptability by providing evaluations to study participants and conducting interviews with a small subset of participants to improve the intervention for the future.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18-40 years
* BMI \> 25 kg/m2
* No cardiopulmonary disease
* stable on medications for 3 months
* weight stable (+/-5 pounds) for the past 3 months
* Not pregnant or trying to get pregnant
* Owns a smartphone
* Able to walk unassisted
* Not on supplemental oxygen

Exclusion Criteria:

* Under the age of 18 years
* 40 years and older
* Unable to participate in an exercise program
* Currently pregnant

Primary outcomes:
measure: Total body weight
timeFrame: 6-months
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Augusta
country: United States
facility: Augusta University
state: Georgia
Study officials:
affiliation: Augusta University
name: Madison Kindred, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
Clinical trial NCT02978274: Natural Killer Cells Reconstitution Kinetics Post Haploidentical Transplantation
Official title: Natural Killer Cells Reconstitution Kinetics Post T Cells Repleted Haploidentical Transplantation
Study type: OBSERVATIONAL
Overall status: UNKNOWN
Conditions: Natural Killer Cell Mediated Immunity
Lead sponsor: Peking University People's Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2016-11-30
Enrollment: 200
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 15
Maximum age (years): 65
Standard ages: CHILD
ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Observational model: CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective: PROSPECTIVE
Sampling method: PROBABILITY_SAMPLE
Study population: AML or MDS or CML or ALL undergoing haploidentical stem cells transplantation

Brief summary: Patients undergoing haploidentical allo-HSCT will be prospectively enrolled exploring the NK cells phenotype and functional reconstitution.

Detailed description: Patients with hematological malignancies suitable for allo-HSCT but without HLA-identical related or unrelated donors were candidates for the HLA-haploidentical HSCT. Patients undergoing haploidentical allo-HSCT will be prospectively enrolled exploring the NK cells phenotype and functional reconstitution. Peripheral blood will be collected by day15, 30, 60, 90, 180, and 1 year post transplantation.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* AML or MDS or CML or ALL undergoing haploidentical stem cells transplantation

Exclusion Criteria:

* NR or refractory AML/ALL before transplantation donors from mother or collateral related

Primary outcomes:
measure: Immune Reconstitution differences between two group
timeFrame: 1 year
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Cumulative incidence of Infection differences between two group
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: Cumulative incidence of acute GVHD differences between two group
timeFrame: 100 day
measure: Cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD differences between two group
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: Cumulative incidence of TRM differences between two group
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: Cumulative incidence of relapse differences between two group
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: DFS differences between two group
timeFrame: 1 year
measure: OS differences between two group
timeFrame: 1 year
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Beijing
country: China
facility: Peking University Institute of Hematology
state: Beijing
Study officials:
affiliation: Peking University People's Hospital
name: Xiaojun Huang, M.D., PhD
role: STUDY_CHAIR
References:
citation: Zhao XY, Yu XX, Xu ZL, Cao XH, Huo MR, Zhao XS, Chang YJ, Wang Y, Zhang XH, Xu LP, Liu KY, Huang XJ. Donor and host coexpressing KIR ligands promote NK education after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood Adv. 2019 Dec 23;3(24):4312-4325. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000242.
citation: Kong Y, Wang Y, Zhang YY, Shi MM, Mo XD, Sun YQ, Chang YJ, Xu LP, Zhang XH, Liu KY, Huang XJ. Prophylactic oral NAC reduced poor hematopoietic reconstitution by improving endothelial cells after haploidentical transplantation. Blood Adv. 2019 Apr 23;3(8):1303-1317. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018029454.
Clinical trial NCT01987674: Pre-meal Protein Drink Improve Glycemic Regulation
Official title: Impact of a Pre-meal Protein Drink on Metabolic Markers and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: TERMINATED
Phase: PHASE1
PHASE2
Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Lead sponsor: Lund University
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Landstinget i Kalmar Län
First posted: 2013-11-19
Enrollment: 35
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 30
Maximum age (years): 80
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate if a pre-meal drink containing proteins can positively influence glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Comparison with a placebo is included.


Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus according to WHO criteria (1999)
* age between 30-80 years
* non well controlled diabetes with HbA1c-levels above 62 mmol/mol

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnant or risk of becoming pregnant
* severe disease
* psychological disease, dementia or mental disability that makes it impossible to retrieve informed consent of participation
* liver disease
* kidney malfunction (GFR \<60 or aspartate transaminase (ASAT)/alanine transaminase (ALT) two times higher than the normal interval

Primary outcomes:
measure: HbA1c
timeFrame: 16 weeks
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Postprandial glycemia
timeFrame: 16 weeks
Other outcomes:
measure: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)
timeFrame: 16 weeks
Locations:
city: Kalmar
country: Sweden
facility: Lindsdals hälsocentral
Study officials:
References:
Clinical trial NCT05930665: Study of Cadonilimab Combined With Bevacizumab and Standard Chemotherapy as First Line Therapy in Unresectable Pleural Mesothelioma
Official title: A Phase II, Prospective, Single Arm Trial of Cadonilimab in Combination With Bevacizumab and Standard Chemotherapy as First Line Therapy in Unresectable Pleural Mesothelioma
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: PHASE2
Conditions: Pleural Mesothelioma
Keywords: bispecific antibody
Lead sponsor: Sun Yat-sen University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-07-05
Enrollment: 38
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Cadonilimab, a tetravalent bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4, is designed to retain the efficacy benefit of combination of PD-1 and CTLA-4 and improve on the safety profile of the combination therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab in combination with bevacizumab and standard chemotherapy as first Line therapy in unresectable pleural mesothelioma.


Eligibility criteria: Key Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically confirmed pleural malignant mesothelioma not eligible for curative surgery
2. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1.
3. No previous systemic anti-tumor treatment for advanced/metastatic disease
4. Measurable disease as per mRECIST v1.1 for assessment of response in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
5. Adequate haematological, renal and liver function.

Key Exclusion Criteria:

1. Primitive peritoneal, pericardial and tunica vaginalis testis mesothelioma.
2. Active, untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastasis.
3. Use of Chinese herbal medicine or immunomodulatory agents with anti-tumor indications within 14 days prior to the first dose of study treatment.
4. Known active autoimmune diseases.
5. Presence of other uncontrolled serious medical conditions.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Objective Response Rate (ORR)
timeFrame: Up to 36 months
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Progression Free Survival (PFS)
timeFrame: Up to 36 months
measure: Disease Control Rate (DCR)
timeFrame: Up to 36 months
measure: Duration of Response (DoR)
timeFrame: Up to 36 months
measure: Overall Survival (OS)
timeFrame: Up to 36 months
measure: Adverse Events (AEs)
timeFrame: Up to 36 months
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Guangzhou
country: China
facility: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
state: Guangdong
Study officials:
References: