Clinical trial NCT05420766: Impact of Sleep Duration on Immune Balance in Urban Children With Asthma
Official title: Impact of Sleep Duration on Immune Balance in Urban Children With Asthma
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: RECRUITING
Phase: NA
Conditions: Asthma in Children
Sleep Hygiene
Sleep, Inadequate
Keywords: Sleep Hygiene
Children with asthma
Immune function in children
Lead sponsor: Rhode Island Hospital
Sponsor class: OTHER
Collaborators: name: Brown University
name: University of Mississippi Medical Center
First posted: 2022-06-15
Enrollment: 204
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 7
Maximum age (years): 11
Standard ages: CHILD
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: Urban children with asthma are at high risk for short sleep, due to an environment that jeopardizes both sleep and asthma management. Further, urban children with asthma suffer from altered immune balance, a key biological process contributing to individual differences in asthma morbidity and sleep health. In the proposed research, the researchers will examine the effects of shortened and recovery sleep on immune balance and associated changes in lung function in urban children with allergic asthma through an experimental design.

Detailed description: Urban children with asthma are at high risk for short sleep, due to an environment that jeopardizes sleep and asthma management. Further, this group suffers from altered immune balance, a key biological process contributing to individual differences in asthma morbidity and sleep health. Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder driven primarily by disturbed T helper 1 (Th1)/ 2 (Th2) cytokine balance marked by Th2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5 and/or IL-13) predominance. Experimental findings in healthy adults show that shortened sleep increases inflammatory cytokine (e.g., IL-6) and certain Th2 cytokine levels and that recovery sleep following sleep restriction promotes a return to immune balance. Whether sleep duration plays a key role in immune function and associated asthma activity in urban children with asthma remains a scientific gap. The researchers use an experimental design that targets sleep duration, because (1) the urban environment and asthma symptoms interact to shorten sleep, (2) sleep duration is a modifiable behavior overlooked in clinical care of urban children with asthma, and (3) experimental data are critical to test a causal link for sleep duration as a mechanism underlying immune balance and asthma.

The research team will enroll urban children (N=204; ages 7-11 years) with persistent allergic asthma and adequate sleep duration (9-11 h) who will complete a 4-week within-subjects protocol that includes 3 scheduled experimental sleep conditions: (1) 1 week stabilized sleep (individualized; 9-11 h time in bed), (2) 1 week shortened sleep (1.5 h decrease in time in bed), and (3) 2 weeks recovery sleep (1.5 h increase in time in bed). Sleep duration (actigraphy) and lung function (home spirometry) will be monitored daily and assess immune biomarkers weekly and at the midpoint of shortened sleep. To control time-in-study effects, 1/3 of the sample will receive only the stabilized sleep schedule across the 4-week protocol. In this project, the researchers will study only urban children with allergic asthma who obtain sufficient sleep (9-11 h, within national guidelines). The shortened sleep protocol will model the sleep loss that urban children with asthma can experience due to asthma and/or urban context. Additionally, the recovery sleep protocol simulates a sleep optimization intervention following shortened sleep in a well-controlled approach.

The first aim of the study is to examine the effects of shortened sleep on immune balance \[e.g., Th1 (Interferon-IFN gamma)/Th2 (Interleukin-IL-4, IL-5, IL-13)R and plasma IL-6 levels\]. The second aim involves determining the effects of recovery sleep on immune balance. The third aim involves examining the extent to which changes in immune balance are associated with changes in asthma-related lung function (changes in FEV1) under conditions of shortened and recovery sleep. Results from this study ultimately will support the development feasible, ecologically valid, and clinically meaningful interventions to optimize sleep duration, immune balance, and asthma in this at-risk group.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion:

* Children 7-11 years old
* Has physician-diagnosed asthma, per parent and pediatrician report
* Meets criteria for current persistent asthma with a current prescription for an asthma controller medicine
* Obtains 9.0-11.0 h of sleep per 24 h day in the past month
* Has a positive allergy skin test performed at the clinic visit
* Resides and attend school in one of the targeted urban areas (Rhode Island: East Providence, North Providence, Providence, Warwick, Cranston, Woonsocket, Central Falls, Pawtucket, Lincoln, Johnston. Massachusetts: Attleboro, North Attleboro, Fall River.
* Has a primary caregiver who speaks English

Exclusion:

* No asthma diagnosis
* No use of asthma controller medication
* Severe persistent asthma that is poorly controlled
* Diagnosis of additional pulmonary disease or medical condition or immune deficiency disorders
* Use of systemic steroids \<30 days of screening
* Asthma-related emergency department visit and/or asthma-related hospitalization in past 90 days
* Marked developmental delay, psychiatric conditions, academic/behavioral problems, learning disabilities
* Tanner stage 3-5 of pubertal development
* Diagnosed ADHD; Use of stimulants to treat ADHD
* An Apnea-Hypoxia Index \>5 (indicator of sleep disordered breathing)

Primary outcomes:
measure: 10mL of heparinized blood
timeFrame: Changes in immune function across Days 7, 11, 14, 21 and 28 of the 4-week sleep protocol
Secondary outcomes:
measure: Forced Expiratory Flow in 1 second (FEV1) % predicted
timeFrame: Lung function over the 4-week sleep protocol
Other outcomes:
measure: Time in Bed actigraphy scores
timeFrame: Continuously throughout the 4-week sleep protocol
Locations:
city: Providence
country: United States
facility: Rhode Island Hospital
state: Rhode Island
Study officials:
affiliation: Rhode Island Hospital
name: Daphne Koinis-Mitchell, PhD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: