Clinical trial NCT05684666: Effect of Breathing and Muscle Relaxation Technique in Individual With Essential Hypertension
Official title: Effect of Slow Breathing and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique in Individual With Essential Hypertension: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Essential Hypertension
Lead sponsor: King Saud University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2023-01-13
Enrollment: 64
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 30
Maximum age (years): 60
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: Primary hypertension, also called essential hypertension, is a rise in blood pressure (BP) with no identifiable cause. The most prevalent form of hypertension is essential hypertension, which involves 95% of patients with hypertension.Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is learning to relax some groups of muscles while paying attention to the feelings connected with both the tense and relaxed states.It is generally established that regular slow (deep) breathing exercises enhance respiratory and cardiovascular function by enhancing parasympathetic tone and reducing sympathetic activity, thus reducing BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, and stress levels in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of slow breathing and PMR technique on BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, and anxiety in patients diagnosed with essential hypertension.

Detailed description: From the previously published literature, it is obvious that both slow breathing and PMR and slow breathing is effective in patients with essential hypertension. However, no studies are available on the combined effect of these two techniques. So, the study aims to investigate the combined effect of slow breathing and PMR technique on BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, and anxiety in patients diagnosed with essential hypertension.

Sixty-four participants diagnosed with essential hypertension were randomly allocated into four groups (Slow breathing (SB), PMR, SB+PMR, Control) with 16 subjects in each. Baseline BP, HR, RR and perceived stress scale were taken. All three-intervention groups underwent 30 minutes of training three days before the day of the intervention. The intervention consisted of 30 minutes, pre, mid and post-intervention BP, HR, RR and Perceived Stress (PS) were measured. The control group rested for 30 minutes. Pre, mid and post-rest measurements of BP, HR, RR and PS were taken.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants with essential hypertension, a diastolic BP between 90 to 109mm of Hg, a systolic BP of more than 140mm of Hg,
* Aged between 30 to 60 years, and
* Self co-operation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants with secondary hypertension, any physical abnormalities that may disturb the exercise intervention,
* Participant who cannot perform any relaxation or breathing exercises, and
* Non-cooperation of participants.

Primary outcomes:
measure: Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
timeFrame: 8 Weeks
measure: Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
timeFrame: 8 Weeks
measure: Heart Rate (HR)
timeFrame: 8 Weeks
measure: Respiratory Rate (RR)
timeFrame: 8 Weeks
measure: Perceived Stress (PS)
timeFrame: 8 Weeks
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Riyadh
country: Saudi Arabia
facility: Rehabilitation Research Chair, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, king Saud University
state: Riyadh 11433
Study officials:
affiliation: King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, P.BOX 10219, Saudi Arabia
name: AMIR IQBAL, MPT
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References: