Clinical trial NCT04556643: Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises During the Second Stage of Labor
Official title: Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises During the Second Stage of Labor on Labor Pain and Duration
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Labor Pain
Keywords: labor pain
Breathing Exercises
second stage of labor
Lead sponsor: Riphah International University
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2020-09-21
Enrollment: 264
Sex: FEMALE
Minimum age (years): 20
Maximum age (years): 40
Standard ages: ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: yes
Allocation: RANDOMIZED
Intervention model: PARALLEL
Primary purpose: TREATMENT

Brief summary: To determine effectiveness of breathing exercises for pregnant women during the second stage of labor on maternal pain, duration of labor, dyspnea, oxygen saturation (SPO2) and the first-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) scores

Detailed description: This study is about to determine effectiveness of breathing exercises for pregnant women during the second stage of labor on maternal pain, duration of labor, dyspnea, oxygen saturation SPO2 and the first-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) scores.

Two sessions will be given to pregnant women in Intervention group. One session breathing exercises training will be given during first stage of labor by the investigator. During training all participants in Intervention group will be instructed to perform breathing exercises during the second stage of labor. The main components of breathing exercises during training will be as fellows (A) First, fill your stomach and then your lungs with air while breathing in; (B) Feel the expansion in the stomach; (C) Make sure the muscles from your stomach to your knee are relaxed, as if you are urinating while breathing out; (D) When there is pain, perform deep abdominal breathing exercises, and take a deep breath in and hold as much as you can; (E) Try to push the baby downward; (F) You can do it by holding your breath or breathing out quite slowly from your mouth; (G) The most important point in this stage is that you should not fill up the stomach with air, and you should push downward to deliver the baby; (H) You should continue the pushing until the pain is relieved. The participants will be observed during second stage of labor and their breathing will be monitored.

1. During the second stage of labor maternal labor pain will be assessed by Visual Analogue Scale.
2. Duration of second stage of labor will be counted by turning on the stop watch on the start of second stage and it will be stopped at the end when baby will be delivered.
3. Dyspnea will be monitored by dyspnea scale after performing breathing exercises during second stage of labor.
4. Oxygen saturation will be monitored by pulse oximeter during second stage of labor.
5. APGAR score of newborn will be marked in 1st minute after the birth.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant females
* Gestational age ranging between 37 and 42 weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

Women using analgesics or anesthetics, Women with clinical instability Women with psychiatric disorders

Primary outcomes:
measure: Visual Analog scale
timeFrame: 1 day (First Visit)
measure: Stop watch
timeFrame: 1 day (First Visit)
measure: DYSPNEA SCALE
timeFrame: 1 day (First Visit)
measure: PULSE OXIMETER
timeFrame: 1 day (First Visit)
measure: APGAR
timeFrame: 1 day (First Visit)
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Mirpur
country: Pakistan
facility: District headquarter hospital
state: Kashmir
Study officials:
affiliation: Riphah college of rehabilitation and allied health sciences - Rawalpindi
name: Anam Aftab, Phd*
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
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