Clinical trial NCT03595540: Fasting-mimicking Diet in Patients Undergoing Active Cancer Treatment
Official title: Phase II Clinical Study of a Fasting-mimicking Diet in Patients Undergoing Oncologic Treatment
Study type: INTERVENTIONAL
Overall status: COMPLETED
Phase: NA
Conditions: Cancer
Breast Cancer
Colorectal Cancer
Keywords: fasting-mimicking diet
cancer
nutritional status
body composition
fasting
Lead sponsor: University of Genova
Sponsor class: OTHER
First posted: 2018-07-23
Enrollment: 90
Sex: ALL
Minimum age (years): 18
Standard ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT
Accepts healthy volunteers: no
Allocation: NA
Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Intervention model description: This is a pilot, single arm prospective trial assessing feasibility and safety of a 5-day fasting-mimicking diet in patients with different cancer types and concomitant anticancer treatments.
Primary purpose: OTHER

Brief summary: This is a pilot, single arm prospective trial assessing feasibility, safety and effects on patient nutritional status of a 5-day fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) in patients with different cancer types and concomitant anticancer treatment.

Detailed description: It is proposed to conduct a single-arm phase II clinical study of a FMD (Prolon, by L-Nutra) in 60 patients with solid or hematologic tumors who undergo treatment with chemotherapeutic regimens, hormone therapies, other molecularly targeted therapies (including kinase inhibitors), biological drugs (including trastuzumab, pertuzumab, cetuximab and bevacizumab) or inhibitors of immune checkpoints (e.g. Opdivo, Keytruda).

Prolon is a FMD lasting five days. It consist of vegetable soups, broths, bars, olives, crackers, herbal teas, supplements of vitamins and minerals. Day 1 of the FMD supplies \~4600 kJ (11% protein, 46% fat, and 43% carbohydrate), whereas days 2-to-5 provide \~3000 kJ (9% protein, 44% fat, and 47% carbohydrate) per day.

Primary endpoints of the study are the feasibility and safety of monthly cycles of the FMD in patients with solid or hematologic tumors who undergo active treatment. Feasibility is monitored through the compilation of a food diary and is defined as the strict adherence to the diet prescribed in all its days with the possibility of admitting the consumption of only 50% of the planned diet and / or a maximum consumption of 4-5 Kcal / kg body weight of food not provided in only one of the five days of each cycle. Furthermore, the dosage of IGF-1 and of urinary ketone bodies allow to identify further cases of non-adherence to the diet.

FMD-emergent side effects are monitored according to the NCI-CTCAE version 5.0.

Secondary endpoints include:

* patient nutritional status as monitored by weight, handgrip strength, bio-impedance and serum markers (ferritin, transferrin, colinesterase).
* Quality of life (QLQ-C30)
* Clinical responses measured by CT, MRI or by blood chemistry tests, dosing of tumor markers and / or molecular biology tests in the case of prostate tumors or hematologic tumors (e.g. PSA in patients affected by prostate cancer, BCR / Abl mRNA in the case of patients undergoing treatment with kinase inhibitors for CML; CM in the case of patients undergoing treatment for multiple myeloma).
* Long-term efficacy (progression-free survival, overall survival).
* Effect of FMD on HOMA index, PCR, circulating levels of IGF-1 and urinary levels of ketone bodies.
* Effect of FMD on lymphocyte subsets, NK cells and antigen-presenting cells with a role documented in antitumor immunity.

It is foreseen that 60 patients will be enrolled.

Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria:

* Written informed consent
* Age \> 18 years
* Patients with solid or hematologic tumors undergoing active treatment, including patients who are preparing to start a new treatment with chemotherapeutic regimens, hormone therapies, other molecularly targeted therapies (including kinase inhibitors), biologics (including trastuzumab) , pertuzumab, cetuximab and bevacizumab) or inhibitors of immune checkpoints (eg Opdivo, Keytruda), ie patients in whom treatment is already underway;
* ECOG performance status 0-1
* Adequate organ function
* BMI \>21 kg/m2 (with possibility to also enroll patients with 19\<BMI\<21 based on the judgement of the treating physician)
* Low nutritional risk according to nutritional risk screening (NRS)

Exclusion criteria:

* Diabetes mellitus;
* Previous therapy with IGF-1 inhibitors;
* Food allergies to the components of the FMD;
* BMI \<19 kg/m2;
* bio-impedance phase angle \<5.0°;
* medium/high nutritional risk according to NRS;
* Any metabolic disorder that can affect gluconeogenesis or ability to adapt to fasting periods;
* Patients who live alone or are not adequately supported by the family context;
* Treatment in progress with other experimental therapies.

Primary outcomes:
measure: percentage of prescribed diet consumed and intake of any extra food
timeFrame: 6 months
measure: Quantification of FMD-emergent adverse events
timeFrame: 6 months
Secondary outcomes:
Other outcomes:
Locations:
city: Genoa
country: Italy
facility: Alessio Nencioni
state: GE
Study officials:
affiliation: Universita degli Studi di Genova
name: Alessio Nencioni, MD
role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
References:
citation: Valdemarin F, Caffa I, Persia A, Cremonini AL, Ferrando L, Tagliafico L, Tagliafico A, Guijarro A, Carbone F, Ministrini S, Bertolotto M, Becherini P, Bonfiglio T, Giannotti C, Khalifa A, Ghanem M, Cea M, Sucameli M, Murialdo R, Barbero V, Gradaschi R, Bruzzone F, Borgarelli C, Lambertini M, Vernieri C, Zoppoli G, Longo VD, Montecucco F, Sukkar SG, Nencioni A. Safety and Feasibility of Fasting-Mimicking Diet and Effects on Nutritional Status and Circulating Metabolic and Inflammatory Factors in Cancer Patients Undergoing Active Treatment. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Aug 9;13(16):4013. doi: 10.3390/cancers13164013.