Protein: Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 (EC 1.1.1.2) (EC 1.1.1.372) (EC 1.1.1.54) (Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]) (Aldehyde reductase) (Glucuronate reductase) (EC 1.1.1.19) (Glucuronolactone reductase) (EC 1.1.1.20) (S-nitroso-CoA reductase) (ScorR) (EC 1.6.-.-) (P14550)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosaccharides and bile acids, with a preference for negatively charged substrates, such as glucuronate and succinic semialdehyde. Functions as a detoxifiying enzyme by reducing a range of toxic aldehydes. Reduces methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone, which are present at elevated levels under hyperglycemic conditions and are cytotoxic. Involved also in the detoxification of lipid-derived aldehydes like acrolein (By similarity). Plays a role in the activation of procarcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon trans-dihydrodiols, and in the metabolism of various xenobiotics and drugs, including the anthracyclines doxorubicin (DOX) and daunorubicin (DAUN). Displays no reductase activity towards retinoids (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9JII6}. Apical cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9JII6}.
InterPro domains:
- IPR044481: Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 (family) [8-312]
- IPR036812: NAD(P)-dependent oxidoreductase domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [1-325]
- IPR023210: NADP-dependent oxidoreductase domain (domain) [17-293]
- IPR018170: Aldo/keto reductase, conserved site (conserved_site) [40-276]
- IPR020471: Aldo-keto reductase (family) [1-323]
Sequence:
MAASCVLLHTGQKMPLIGLGTWKSEPGQVKAAVKYALSVGYRHIDCAAIYGNEPEIGEALKEDVGPGKAVPREELFVTSKLWNTKHHPEDVEPALRKTLADLQLEYLDLYLMHWPYAFERGDNPFPKNADGTICYDSTHYKETWKALEALVAKGLVQALGLSNFNSRQIDDILSVASVRPAVLQVECHPYLAQNELIAHCQARGLEVTAYSPLGSSDRAWRDPDEPVLLEEPVVLALAEKYGRSPAQILLRWQVQRKVICIPKSITPSRILQNIKVFDFTFSPEEMKQLNALNKNWRYIVPMLTVDGKRVPRDAGHPLYPFNDPY
Predicted GO terms:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0003824 (catalytic activity), GO:0036094 (small molecule binding), GO:1901363 (heterocyclic compound binding), GO:0043167 (ion binding), GO:0097159 (organic cyclic compound binding), GO:0016491 (oxidoreductase activity), GO:0016614 (oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors), GO:0016651 (oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H), GO:1901265 (nucleoside phosphate binding), GO:0043168 (anion binding), GO:0000166 (nucleotide binding), GO:0016616 (oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor), GO:0017076 (purine nucleotide binding), GO:0004033 (aldo-keto reductase (NADP) activity), GO:0030554 (adenyl nucleotide binding), GO:0008106 (alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity), GO:0050661 (NADP binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0098754 (detoxification), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0009058 (biosynthetic process), GO:0044237 (cellular metabolic process), GO:0042221 (response to chemical), GO:0044281 (small molecule metabolic process), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:1990748 (cellular detoxification), GO:0009056 (catabolic process), GO:0044238 (primary metabolic process), GO:1901360 (organic cyclic compound metabolic process), GO:1901576 (organic substance biosynthetic process), GO:0044282 (small molecule catabolic process), GO:0044283 (small molecule biosynthetic process), GO:0046483 (heterocycle metabolic process), GO:0070887 (cellular response to chemical stimulus), GO:0006082 (organic acid metabolic process), GO:0044248 (cellular catabolic process), GO:0019637 (organophosphate metabolic process), GO:0009636 (response to toxic substance), GO:0110095 (cellular detoxification of aldehyde), GO:0044249 (cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0005996 (monosaccharide metabolic process), GO:1901700 (response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0005975 (carbohydrate metabolic process), GO:0006766 (vitamin metabolic process), GO:1901575 (organic substance catabolic process), GO:0010033 (response to organic substance), GO:1901135 (carbohydrate derivative metabolic process), GO:0006081 (cellular aldehyde metabolic process), GO:0006793 (phosphorus metabolic process), GO:1901334 (lactone metabolic process), GO:0016054 (organic acid catabolic process), GO:1901362 (organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process), GO:0097237 (cellular response to toxic substance), GO:0046185 (aldehyde catabolic process), GO:0006767 (water-soluble vitamin metabolic process), GO:0009110 (vitamin biosynthetic process), GO:0046364 (monosaccharide biosynthetic process), GO:0043436 (oxoacid metabolic process), GO:0016053 (organic acid biosynthetic process), GO:0018130 (heterocycle biosynthetic process), GO:0110096 (cellular response to aldehyde), GO:0016051 (carbohydrate biosynthetic process), GO:0090407 (organophosphate biosynthetic process), GO:0006796 (phosphate-containing compound metabolic process), GO:0019852 (L-ascorbic acid metabolic process), GO:1901137 (carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process), GO:1901701 (cellular response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0019752 (carboxylic acid metabolic process), GO:0042364 (water-soluble vitamin biosynthetic process), GO:1901336 (lactone biosynthetic process), GO:0046395 (carboxylic acid catabolic process), GO:0046394 (carboxylic acid biosynthetic process), GO:0032787 (monocarboxylic acid metabolic process), GO:0072329 (monocarboxylic acid catabolic process), GO:0006063 (uronic acid metabolic process), GO:0019585 (glucuronate metabolic process)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0005615 (extracellular space), GO:0005829 (cytosol), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0031974 (membrane-enclosed lumen), GO:0005654 (nucleoplasm), GO:0005576 (extracellular region), GO:0043230 (extracellular organelle), GO:0043233 (organelle lumen), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0070062 (extracellular exosome), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0065010 (extracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0070013 (intracellular organelle lumen), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:0031981 (nuclear lumen), GO:1903561 (extracellular vesicle), GO:0005634 (nucleus)